The cellulose based oil impregnated insulating system of power transformers is exposed to significant aging due to heat, oxygen, moisture and acids during operation time. This degradation affects the mechanical strength of the cellulose. It is generally accepted that a degree of polymerization (DP) below 200 can be defined as the end of life of an insulation system. In literature however there exist little investigations dealing with the consequences of a reduced mechanical strength. Especially the thin paper insulation wrapped around the conductors is weakened due to aging and might fail under the influence of short-circuit forces on the windings. Thus this contribution presents a mechanical simulation model for such paper insulated power transformer conductors. Investigations concerning the beginning of paper insulation failure are conducted for different aging states, conductor geometries and number of insulating layers. The aging dependent material definition for the insulating paper is based on accelerated aging test. Simulation results show that an increase in radial conductor width leads to higher mechanical stress in the paper layers and for this reason to a higher probability of paper failure. Flat paper wrapped wires generate lower stress inside the insulating layers than large Continuously Transposed Conductors (CTCs). The maximum stress inside the paper is hardly dependent on the number of layers. The maximum paper tensile stress that can be correlated to the DP however is a main indicator for the beginning of failure inside the cellulose insulation system. Furthermore the aging dependent Young's Modulus of paper also affects its stress exposure.


Darrell Guder aims to transform from mission and theology to missional theology. For that process, he emphasizes that Christians should get out of the legacy of Christendom and the reductionism of the gospel. The theology of Christendom rarely concerns mission as a major discipline. And the gospel has been reduced to mainly provide an individual salvation in North America. In fact, salvation and witnessing of the gospel cannot be separated but many Christians accept the benefit of the gospel but barely take a vocation of witnessing. Guder claims, "the concern of missional theology is that this central commitment to evangelization should itself be defined by the following conviction: the very call to follow Christ is a call to become a fisher of people, an invitation to join God's mission and become part of the witness to the inbreaking reign of God"(Guder, 2006:3). For Guder, the definition of missional hermeneutics is "the basic assumption undergirding our interpretation of all New Testament literature: the missional vocation of each community, their sense of themselves as called into being for the continuation of apostolic witness"(Guder, 2007:108). Guder reinterprets the Nicene Marks with an apostolic emphasis to revitalize the struggling mainline denominations of the church in North America and the stagnate state of the ecumenical movements. Guder argues that the contemporary challenge for Christianity in North America is the transformation from church with mission to missional church. It does not means that the churches in the North America have to do more foreign missions or focus only on home missions. Rather, he claims the churches should recover the nature of church, which is the mission of God. Each church should be recognized her vocation of witnessing the gospel in any given situation. For doing that she needs continuous conversion by the Holy Spirit in Christ.


A novel metal-assisted assembly of mulitivalent carbohydrate ligands is described. A bipyridine-modified N-acetylgalactosamine (bipy-GalNAc) undergoes Fe(II)-induced self-association to form a trimeric GalNAc ligand (FeII(bipy-GalNAc)3). The synthetic GalNAc cluster strongly binds to Vicia villosa B4 lectin and Glycin Max lectin, which recognizes multiple GalNAc residues. The trimeric GalNAc ligand is formed as a mixture of four diastereomeric isomers: Δ-fac, Λ-fac, Δ-mer, and Λ-mer. These stereoisomers are in a dynamic equilibrium at room temperature. The equilibrium allows the spatial arrangement of the three GalNAc residues to change in order to fit into a multivalent carbohydrate binding site of the lectins. Detailed analysis of the kinetic and thermodynamic data for the isomerization can provide structural information of the carbohydrate binding site of the lectins.


Motives in Kyrgyz epic works like Manas, Semetey, Seytek, Er Toshtuk, Zhoodarbeshim, Kurmanbek, Seyitbek, Shyrdakbek, Zhanysh Bayish, Er Tabyldy, Zhanyl Myrza and Maid Dariyka have always been the subject of interest and researches. In Kyrgyz epic works\dastans heroes are gifted with incredible power, horse, arms and clothings. In other words, from the beginning till the end of the story we may witness mightiness of every single thing. The heroes in the epic works always face with obstacles and struggle with enemies, who possess incredibly tremendous power and are not easily killed, and represented by giants or heroes or even by beasts.The second part of the epic Er Toshtuk represents the epic Zhoodarbeshim. Zhoodarbeshim epic also plays a unique role in the Kyrgyz epic tradition like famous trilogies Manas and Kurmanbek. In this circle Zhoodarbeshim accomplishes his father's deeds and goes for a long adventurous trip. However, Er Toshtuk takes a long journey into the underworld, but Zhoodarbeshim goes on a trip to the mysterious world. At the end of the epic, both warriors safely return to their motherlands after the severe struggle with their enemies.In this article the main attention is paid to the character of Zhelmoguz who plays an important role in both epics. The differences and similarities of the variants were given on the basis of the thorough comparative analysis of the episodes


The cortical network including the piriform (PC), orbitofrontal (OFC), and entorhinal (EC) cortices allows the complex processing of behavioral, cognitive, and context-related odor information and represents an access gate to the subcortical limbic regions. Among the several factors that influence odor processing, their hedonic content and gender differences play a relevant role. Here, we investigated how these factors influence EEG effective connectivity among the mentioned brain regions during emotional olfactory stimuli. To this aim, we acquired EEG data from twenty-one healthy volunteers, during a passive odor task of odorants with different valence. We used Dynamic Causal Modeling (DCM) for EEG and Parametric Empirical Bayes (PEB) to investigate the modulatory effects of odors' valence on the connectivity strengths of the PC-EC-OFC network. Moreover, we controlled for the influence of arousal and gender on such modulatory effects. Our results highlighted the relevant role of the forward and backward PC-EC connections in odor's brain processing. On the one hand, the EC-to-PC connection was inhibited by both pleasant and unpleasant odors, but not by the neutral one. On the other hand, the PC-to-EC forward connection was found to be modulated (posterior probability (Pp)>0.95) by the arousal level associated with an unpleasant odor. Finally, the whole network dynamics showed several significant gender-related differences (Pp>0.95) suggesting a better ability in odor discrimination for the female gender.


ObjectiveTo investigate relationships between the expression of α vβ 6 integrin and clinical pathological characteristics and prognosis of patients with epithelial ovarian tumor (EOC).MethodsUsing reverse transcriptase ploymerase chain reaction and immunohistochemistry to detect the expression of α vβ 6 integrin in 5 normal cases,10 ovarian benign tumor cases and 35 epithelial ovarian cancer cases,while collecting 11 metastasis of the 35 EOC cases.ResultsThe de novo expression of α vβ 6 integrin could be detected in all EOC cases.Whereas α vβ 6 expression was not detectable in normal ovaries and benign epithelial ovarian tumors.In stage Ⅲ?Ⅳ of EOC,the rarion of α vβ 6mRNA/β actin (0 735±0 115) μg/ml was significantly higher than that in stage Ⅰand Ⅱ (0 534±0 062) μg/ml,and the percentage of strong staining of α vβ 6 proteins in stage Ⅲ?Ⅳ of EOC was higher(77 8 %)than that (37 5 %) in stage Ⅰand Ⅱ (P0 05).In diseased progression,patients with the rarion of α vβ 6mRNA/β actin (0 726±0 121) μg/ml was significantly higher than that (0 565±0 098) μg/ml in remission(P0 05),and the percentage of strong staining of α vβ 6m proteins was also higher in diseased progression (94 7 %) than that in remission (37 5 %)(P0 05).There was no significant association between the expression of α vβ 6 and clinicpathological characteristic.No difference of α vβ 6m expression between primary and metastatasis tumors was found.ConclusionDe novo expression of α vβ 6 integrin gene and protein were detected in epithelial ovarian cancer,but not in normal ovaries and benign ovarian tumors.There was significant correlation between α vβ 6 expression and stage and progresis in EOC.


A short review of the basic concepts and problems in frequency multiplication into the infrared region of the electromagnetic spectrum is given. Results obtained with a multiplier chain starting from 5 MHz are reported. The carrier collapse is found at a frequency of about 15 THz. The present state of technological development is illustrated and the inherent limitations of this technique are indicated. The need for more spectral pure sources than those now available and/or different approaches is underlined in connection with the increasing thrust towards the measurement of visible frequencies.


Many institutions are now attempting to demonstrate publicly their commitment to their staff and staff development, in pursuit of institutional goals, by measuring themselves against national standards, most notably, at present, the Investors in People (IIP) standard. Investigates the degree of readiness for such status in an education department within a college of higher education. Discusses of the relationship between appraisal, IIP status and Office for Standards in Education (OFSTED) inspection. Follows with examination of the perceptions of staff towards a variety of motivational strategies. Asks staff to rate, in their view, how close the college is to meeting the demands of key criteria in the IIP standard. Uses the results to identify potential areas for further development prior to attaining IIP status.


This paper presents the application of wavelet transform in power system transient and harmonic analyses. The wavelet transform can be implemented to localize power line disturbances such as voltage sag; lack of voltage, oscillatory transient, and harmonic distortion. Several examples using simulated Waveforms are provided.


We find a new vacuum of the Bethe ansatz solutions in the massless Thirring model. This vacuum breaks the chiral symmetry and has the lower energy than the well-known symmetric vacuum energy. Further, we evaluate the energy spectrum of the one particle–one hole (1 p –1 h ) states, and find that it has a finite gap. The analytical expressions for the true vacuum as well as for the lowest 1 p –1 h excited state are also found. Further, we examine the bosonization of the massless Thirring model and prove that the well-known procedure of bosonization of the massless Thirring model is incomplete because of the lack of the zero mode in the boson field.


This report investigates the pumping techniques and pumping equipment that would be appropriate for a 5,000 gallon per day supercritical water oxidation waste disposal facility. The pumps must boost water, waste, and additives from atmospheric pressure to approximately 27.6 MPa (4,000 psia). The required flow ranges from 10 gpm to less than 0.1 gpm. For the higher flows, many commercial piston pumps are available. These pumps have packing and check-valves that will require periodic maintenance; probably at 2 to 6 month intervals. Several commercial diaphragm pumps were also discovered that could pump the higher flow rates. Diaphragm pumps have the advantage of not requiring dynamic seals. For the lower flows associated with the waste and additive materials, commercial diaphragm pumps. are available. Difficult to pump materials that are sticky, radioactive, or contain solids, could be injected with an accumulator using an inert gas as the driving mechanism. The information presented in this report serves as a spring board for trade studies and the development of equipment specifications.


Focusing condition such as numerical aperture (N.A.) has a great influence on the creation of molten area and the stable welding process in fusion micro-welding of glass. In this study, a picosecond pulsed laser of 1064 nm in wavelength and 12.5 ps in pulse duration was tightly focused inside a borosilicate glass using objective lenses of numerical apertures 0.45, 0.65, and 0.85 with spherical aberration correction. Influence of numerical aperture on molten area formation was experimentally investigated through analysis of focusing situation in glass, and movement of absorption point, and then molten area characteristics were discussed. It is concluded that N.A. of 0.65 with superior focusing characteristics can form a large and continuous molten area without cracks, which enables achievement of stable joining of glass material by picosecond pulsed laser.


SUBTITLE: THROUGH THE USE OF MODERN INTERNET TECHNOLOGIES AND ADVANCED SECURITY, THE SHIP OWNER AND MANAGER CAN NOW HAVE A CLOSER PARTNERSHIP IMPROVING COMPETITIVENESS: STEPHEN MACFARLANE LOOKS AT IT DEVELOPMENTS IN THE SHIPMANAGEMENT SECTOR.


Under the ideas of Enterprise Resources Planning (ERP), according to the features of production and equipment management, starting with the daily works in production management, through analysis and summing up, describes in detail the shared information and information flow direction in the PMIS (Plant Management Information System) and production management system of the ERP with the production management as the core. This will provide special reference to the professional research on PMIS.


The polarization resistance of steel bars in concrete after exposure to several environments, as measured by the potential step method, was compared to the actual mass losses of the bars. Each test sample consist of two steel bars embedded in concrete blocks, which were carbonated and exposed to one of several environments, outdoors, indoors, underground, in tunnel, or in water, for one year. Electrochemical measurements of these samples by using the potential step method were carried out at least once a week. The polarization resistance data thus obtained were changed into corrosion currents and mass losses. These calculated mass losses were compared with the actual mass losses of the rods. In some cases, such as indoors, outdoors or in tunnel, the corrosion rate of steel is determined by the amount of water in the concrete. In other cases, such as underground or in water, the oxygen supply determines the corrosion rate. This work demonstrate that in former condition, the potential step method can be use to measure the corrosion rate of steel easily and quickly.


In this work we show that the pain‐induced functional impairment model (PIFIR) can be used with cannulated rats as a useful procedure for pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic modelling. This model evaluates analgesia by measuring motor impairment of the right limb after intra‐articular administration of uric acid. Time of contact with a rotating cylinder is referred to the control limb. We studied the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamics of naproxen after six peroral doses to Wistar rats, and we examined the adjuvant action of caffeine with naproxen.


The papers included in this volume were originally presented at an international conference on international migration, held at the Rockefeller Foundation's Bellagio Study and Conference Center, Bellagio, Italy in June 1979. To bring about a productive exchange of ideas, an interdisciplinary group of scholars with differing perspectives and experiences in migration studies was invited to prepare papers on specific topics. During the months following the conference, the papers were substantially revised by the authors and editors and prepared for publication. The Rockefeller Foundation sponsored the conference. Mary M. Kritz of the Foundation, Charles B. Keely of the Population Council and Silvano M. Tomasi of the Center for Migration Studies organized the conference, collaborated as cochairpersons, and edited this volume.


To provide a steam turbine power generation system having a latent heat recovery function. A latent heat recovery equipment includes a compressor 21 for feeding the refrigerant, the refrigerant, in order from the refrigerant pipe 22, passes through the first heat exchanger 23 and second heat exchanger 25, compressed again Back to the machine 21. Heat recovery water is passed through the first heat exchange device 23. From first conduit 101, a third conduit 103 is branched by the third conduit 103 is connected to a fourth conduit 104 passes through the second heat exchanger 25, steam is condensed. Refrigerant absorbs vapor of the heat in the second heat exchange device 25. Further, the refrigerant releases heat in the first heat exchange device 23. Heat recovery water is recovered latent heat is released when steam condenses, industrial, boilers, commercial, livestock, aquaculture, housing, by supplying hot water required and entertainment, energy and cost saving, and it is possible to enhance the economic effect. .The


The treatments in bio-systems correspond to respective repairs known in reliability. Some treatments may make the biological objects younger; others may make them older, or not deteriorate their current age. Such kind of "maintenance" has some analogous failure/repair models in reliability. We use it to incorporate some results of reliability and bio modeling for the quantitative studies of the aging and resistance of bio-systems to environmental stress factors. We call "calendar age" the age of a bio-object which does not use treatments, or uses it without age improvement, or deterioration. All bio-objects, which are using treatments of same strength and direction of effect, have "virtual age". We explain here what the virtual age is, and how is it related to age correcting factors. We illustrate our common results about the virtual ages on the example of the Gompertz-Makenham law of mortality, and discuss the relations of the longevity, mechanism of aging and age affecting control. As a consequence, a concept of age determination is proposed. Numeric and graphical examples are provided.


This article presents a novel approach to understanding the relationship between intellectual intelligence, Adversity Quotient, religiosity, and employee performance in Islamic banks. While previous research has focused on examining the individual impact of these variables on employee performance, this study explores the potential mediating effects of religiosity. The study was conducted on a sample of 141 employees at Islamic banks in Palu City, and the data were analyzed using PLS-SEM. The findings indicate that religiosity mediated the relationship between Adversity Quotient and employee performance, while the relationship between intellectual intelligence and employee performance was not mediated by religiosity. These unique findings highlight the importance for Islamic banks to provide worship facilities and hold Islamic studies to enhance employee religiosity, ultimately leading to improved performance. Overall, this study adds novelty to the literature by offering a fresh perspective on the dynamics of employee performance in the Islamic banking sector.


The invention discloses a method of judging visual fatigue of a user, which comprises steps: a human eye image is acquired; the human eye image is analyzed to determine eye feature parameters in the human eye image; and the eye feature parameters and a preset threshold are matched, and according to the matching result, whether visual fatigue happens to the user is determined.


WHAT STUDENTS DO: • Design hypotheses about how an invasive plant species may alter fire behavior. • Explore NASA's data archive and download some of the large, publicly available datasets, specifically the MODIS burned area product. • Perform basic statistics using Excel, including creating linear regression lines, interpreting R-squared values, and conducting t-tests. • Perform basic spatial processing steps and analysis using ArcGIS, including using zonal statistics and reclassify tools. • Compare analysis and conclusions from both local field-based data and regional satellite data.


within 10% of that expected (385 in 12 weeks) from the average digoxin request rate for this hospital. The importance of the timing ofblood sampling in relation to the last dose has been emphasised, and blood digoxin concentrations may more than double in the first few hours after the last dose."9 Samples should not be drawn within six hours after the last dose; indeed, some have argued that this should be extended to 11 hours.8 The proportion ofsamples taken within these six hours in this study is a considerable cause for concern, as they showed an increased prevalence of high digoxin concentrations. Moreover, early sampling leading to high concentrations seemed to influence management, as it was associated with a greater likelihood ofdigoxin being decreased or stopped. If daily doses of digoxin were taken in the evening the problems of early sampling seen in this study would be largely alleviated. The effect of such a practice on the relation between digoxin pharmacodynamics and therapeutic requirements during the sleep-wake cycle, however, are unclear. Of additional concern was the substantial proportion of requests in which the doctor did not seem to know when the blood sample was taken with respect to the last dose of digoxin. Interpretation of an assay result in these circumstances is extremely unwise; The lack of correlation between digoxin concentrations and clinical assessment of therapeutic effects and toxicity has often been emphasised.' 4 I' Interpretation of assay results should not be based solely on the limits defined in any "therapeutic range"; due consideration must be given to the patient's age, history, drug treatment, renal function, and plasma potassium concentration.4 From the available data in this study on some ofthese aspects old age and renal functional impairment were more commonly encountered than hypokalaemia. We believe that digoxin assay request forms should be designed to elicit this information to encourage doctors to consider these additional factors. We do not have the detailed clinical knowledge of the patients in this audit that would enable us to assess individual management decisions. None the less, our data suggest that assay results played a major part in determining clinical management, as in many instances decisions were taken that bore no clear relation to the -indication originally stated for undertaking the assay. Assays that are inappropriate, for whatever reason, waste time and money."1 Based on the most recent costings of biochemical services in this hospital each digoxin request costs £3-57 to analyse and report. This includes all direct and indirect consumable and labour expenditure. The total cost of providing the assay to all hospitals served b'y this laboratory in 1985 was. £9500, and extrapolation of our results based on the misuses of the assay in this hospital, which we identify as early or unknown sampling times and requests made without apparent clinical justification, indicates a waste of about £6000 a year. This is greater than the true potential saving, as many of -the improperly timed samples would still be indicated on clinical grounds if correctly timed. E-limination of those requests lacking clinical justification, even if appropriately timed, would produce savings. We concluide that this audit has shown a need for closer collaboration' between the. doctor and -the laboratory to ensure optimal clinical and'economical use of digoxin assays.


To maximise the effectiveness of psychiatric day hospitals it is important to establish which patients benefit most. We tested the hypothesis that day hospital therapists can predict responders. The consultant, key-workers, junior psychiatrist and secretary predicted outcome for 26 patients. These were measured blind using the Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale (BPRS), Global Assessment Scale (GAS), Becks Depression inventory (BDI) and the Social Functioning Questionnaire (SFQ). There was poor correlation generally between staff predictions and patient progress as measured by the standardised instruments. The only significant correlation was the consultant9s prediction with the BPRS. We suggest this is consistent with the consultant9s experience and training in phenomenology. We conclude that consultants should be fully involved in day hospital assessments.


We present a novel unsupervised approach to mapping artrelated instances (such as music artists and painters) to subjective categories like genre and style. We base our approach on co-occurrences of the two on the web, found with Google. The co-occurrences are found using three methods: by identifying the search engine counts, by analyzing Google excerpts found by querying patterns and by scanning full documents. Per instance, we use the same co-occurrence-based approach to find its nearest neighbors, i.e. the most related instances. These results can be combined in order to create a more reliable classification. We tested and compared the three methods on two different domains: mapping music artists to genres, and painters to art-styles. The results show that the use of related instances indeed improves the precision of the classification. Moreover, the methods with the lowest Google Complexity perform best.


The effects of O3 and/or chronic mild water stress on photosynthetic characteristics and leaf antioxidative systems of Fagus crenata seedlings were investigated. The seedlings were exposed to charcoal-filtered air or 60 nmol mol -1 O3 for two growing seasons. In each gas treatment, the seedlings were received 250 ml (well-watered) or 175 ml (water-stressed) of water at 3-day intervals during the growth period. The O3 significantly reduced net photosynthetic rate, Rubisco concentration and chlorophyll concentration without stomatal closure, and significantly increased ascorbate concentration in the leaves of the seedlings. On the other hand, the water stress significantly reduced net photosynthetic rate and stomatal diffusive conductance to water vapor without significant reductions in the concentrations of Rubisco and chlorophyll, and significantly increased glutathione concentration in the leaves of the seedlings. Significant antagonistic effects of O3 and water stress were detected on net photosynthetic rate of the seedlings in September and October. In conclusion, because chronic mild water stress induces not only stomatal closure, but also increase of leaf glutathione concentration, the extent of the negative effects of O3 on net photosynthesis of Fagus crenata is less under the


A synthetic method for the preparation of [2,2]-paracyclophane by hofmann elimination was proposed. The influences of medium alkalinity,solvents,reaction temperature and reaction time on the yield of the product were investigated. Suitable reaction parameters for the synthesis were obtained as follows:solvent was p-xylene,n(silver oxide)∶ n(quaternary ammonium salt)=1 ∶ 1,reaction temperature110℃ and reaction time 10 h. At this condition,the yield of [2,2]-paracyclophane was 10.1%,and the quality of the product met the standard of qualified product.


PREDICT (Performance and Reliability Evaluation with Diverse Information Combination and Tracking) is a set of structured quantitative approaches for the evaluation of system performance based on multiple information sources. The methodology integrates diverse types and sources of information, and their associated uncertainties, to develop full distributions for performance metrics, such as reliability. The successful application of PREDICT has involved system performance assessment in automotive product development, aging nuclear weapons, and fatigued turbine jet engines. In each of these applications, complex physical, mechanical and materials processes affect performance, safety and reliability assessments. Processes also include the physical actions taken during manufacturing, quality control, inspections, assembly, etc. and the steps involved in product design, development and certification. In this paper, we will examine the various types of processes involved in the decision making leading to production in an automotive system reliability example. Analysis of these processes includes not only understanding their impact on performance and reliability, but also the uncertainties associated with them. The automotive example demonstrates some of the tools used in tackling the complex problem of understanding processes. While some tools and methods exist for understanding processes (man made and natural) and the uncertainties associated with them, many of the complex issues discussed are open for continued research efforts.


Breast cancer is the most common cancer diagnosed among women, excluding nonmelanoma skin cancers, and accounts for 26% of all female cancers in the United States of America (USA). It is the second leading cause of cancer death in women today (after lung cancer) and is estimated to cause 15% of cancer deaths. Approximately 1.3 million women will be diagnosed with breast cancer yearly worldwide and 465,000 of those will die from the disease [1]. Death rates in the USA have dropped regularly since the early 1990s. This can be attributed to earlier detection with screening mammography and more effective treatment. Nonetheless, it is expected that when fi gures become available there will have been 40,910 breast cancer deaths (450 males, 40,460 females) in 2007 in the USA [2]. Screening


The objective of this paper is to examine a large group of nonreturn and return migrants originating from a particular geographic region. We are concerned with attempting to shed some light on the following questions. (1) Are there economic and/or demographic differences between returns and nonreturns which exist prior to out-migration? (2) What are the actual earnings differences between cohorts of return and nonreturn migrants following their migration? Do return migrants experience an improvement or worsening in earnings relative to cohorts of nonreturns and nonmovers? (excerpt)


The purpose of this paper is to propose a method to analyze creative music expressions of a performer in South Indian Classical Music (Carnatic Music). The method performs a qualitative classification of the extracted note sequences in a Carnatic music exposition by defining pattern classes. The classification attributes the note sequences in varying degrees to each of the classes. These pattern classes, based on the formalized Carnatic music theory, help in capturing the dynamics of a performer. This provides a framework for style-based music generation.


CONTENTS Introduction 1. The factorization of polynomials 2. The construction of irreducible and primitive polynomials 3. The distribution of irreducible and primitive polynomials 4. Computation in finite fields 5. Coding theory and algebraic curves 6. Recurring sequences in finite fields 7. Some new applications of the theory of finite fields References


We present new observations of the [S III] 19 μm, [O III] 52 and 88 μm, and [N III] 57 μm lines toward 18 compact and ultracompact (UC) H II regions. These data were combined with data from the literature and high-resolution radio continuum maps to construct detailed statistical equilibrium and ionization equilibrium models of 34 compact H II regions located at galactocentric distances (DG) 0-12 kpc. Our models simultaneously fitted the observed IR fine-structure lines and high-resolution radio continuum maps. Abundance gradients are found of the form [S/H] = (-4.45 ± 0.04) - (0.063 ± 0.006) DG (kpc), [N/H] = (-3.58 ± 0.04) - (0.072 ± 0.006) DG (kpc), and [O/H] = (-2.85 ± 0.06) - (0.064 ± 0.009) DG (kpc), and we derive Te = (4560 ± 220) + (390 ± 40) DG (kpc). The Te gradient is consistent with the Te gradient determined independently via radio recombination lines (Afflerbach et al.). We observe no dependence of S/O, N/O, or Teff on DG. Gradients in N++/O++ and O++/S++ are observed in the sense of increasing ionization with increasing DG. This is entirely consistent with the decreased line blanketing with increasing DG required by the above abundance gradients. All three gradients are best fitted by a linear dependence on DG. The abundances are consistent with production of sulfur, nitrogen, and oxygen by primary nucleosynthesis. Comparison with abundances in other galaxies implies a Hubble type between Sab and Sb for our Galaxy and an unbarred or mixed galactic structure (Vila-Costas & Edmunds). Our derived Teff is 2000-10,000 K lower than Teff expected from ZAMS stars of the same Lyman continuum flux (Panagia; Vacca et al.), probably owing to uncertainties in the UV flux of stellar models for E ≥ 35.1 eV, uncertainties in the luminosity-Teff calibration, and/or ionization of H II regions by multiple stars in some sources.


There is a voluminous literature on the historical conflicts between advocates and critics of complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) for cancer. Although the older literature documents the suppression of CAM therapies and advocates, since the 1990s, the politics of CAM have become more complex and subtle. For example, suppression has tended to shift to a politics of integration, that is, of selective uptake of CAM therapies when used as adjuvant modalities. In addition, there is an emergent politics of knowledge that involves (1) social networks with the CAM movement that represent various therapies, (2) value claims regarding the relationship between CAM therapies and religious and cultural viewpoints, and (3) political views regarding globalization and antiglobalization policies and movements. Focusing on three types of therapeutic diets that CAM cancer patients in the United States use, this article charts some of the emergent forms of the politics in CAM in the United States.


In the article is presented project and construction of test stand for degradation of bond between coating and substrate. The test stand is tested in dynamic condition. It is tested the stability of acoustic coupling between ultrasonic probes and substrate as well. Results of the test confirm the fulfillment of methodological assumptions and show a good applicability of the test stand for testing the degradation of adhesive bond type coating-substrate.


PurposeThe purpose of this study is to examine the association between mall personality, hedonic and utilitarian shopping value, and shoppers' well-being. The moderating effect of compulsive shopping on the association between both hedonic and utilitarian shopping value, and shoppers' well-being is also investigated.Design/methodology/approachThis study is quantitative in nature, and a purposive sampling technique is used. Data was collected through mall intercept survey. The authors collected 431 usable responses from respondents at two different malls in Lahore, Pakistan. PLS-SEM was employed to test the proposed hypotheses.FindingsResults indicate that mall personality significantly and positively influences both hedonic and utilitarian shopping value and shoppers' well-being. Similarly, hedonic shopping value has a significant and positive impact on shoppers' well-being, while utilitarian shopping value has a non-significant relationship with shoppers' well-being. Moreover, while compulsive shopping behaviour moderates the positive relationship between hedonic shopping value and shoppers' well-being, it does not moderate the relationship between utilitarian shopping value and shoppers' well-being.Originality/valueDespite the extant studies on brand and store personality on numerous retail outcomes, no study has examined the association between mall personality and shoppers' well-being. Another key contribution of this study is to examine moderation effect of compulsive shopping on the association between shopping value and shoppers' well-being. Additionally, this study enlightens mall administration to emphasise upon mall personality and hedonic shopping value so as to enhance shoppers' well-being, more so if its product assortment encourages compulsive shopping.


We study the ratios R_{e/mu};{(P)} identical withGamma(P-->enu[over ]_{e}[gamma])/Gamma(P-->munu[over ]_{mu}[gamma]) (P=pi, K) in Chiral Perturbation Theory to order e;{2}p;{4}. We complement the two-loop effective theory results with a matching calculation of the counterterm, finding R_{e/mu};{(pi)}=(1.2352+/-0.0001)x10;{-4} and R_{e/mu};{(K)}=(2.477+/-0.001)x10;{-5}.


Introduction Compared to classical TT&C tone ranging systems, the use of payload ranging signals has tremendous advantages for the satellite operator. The payload based ranging signal is always present, so without dedicated activation, and without impact on the satellite control activities, a reliable and precise measurement is available. Classical tone ranging actually has to be activated by satellite commanding, and, depending on the satellite manufacturer, the telemetry stream is partially interrupted during a ranging campaign. For these reasons, tone ranging campaigns are limited in time, in contrary to payload methods, which provide continuous range data. Last but not least, the accuracy of payload ranging is in general superior, mainly due to the large bandwidth and high signal-to-noise ratio. The latter two effects also make payload ranging an optimal solution for orbit determination.


THIS INVENTION PROVIDES AN IMPROVED POLYURETHANE RESIN THAT HAS A MOLECULAR AVERAGE WEIGHT FROM 2,000 TO 20,0000. THIS RESIN IS PREPARED BY REACTIONING AN ORGANIC DIISOCIANATE COMPOUND, A POLYMER DIOL COMPOUND, A CHAIN PROLONGER AND A TERMINATING AGENT. THIS RESIN IS CHARACTERIZED BY HAVING AT THE MOLECULA AT LEAST A SELECTED GROUP FROM HYDRAZINE GROUPS, HYDRAZIDE GROUPS AND SEMICARBIZED GROUPS. SUCH POLYURETHANE RESIN IS OBTAINED BY USING A CHAIN PROLONGER AND / OR A TERMINATOR THAT HAS AT LEAST A HYDRAZINE GROUP OR A HYDRAZIDE GROUP. SUCH RESIN MAY BE DISPERSED IN WATER IN THE PRESENCE OF AN EMULSIFIER OR THROUGH THE INTRODUCTION IN THE FIRST PLACE OF FREE CARBOXYL GROUPS IN THE MOLECULA OF SUCH RESIN AND, THEREFORE, THE DISSOLUTION OR DISPERSION OF THIS IN AN ALKALINE SOLUTION; OR THROUGH THE INTRODUCTION, FIRST, OF TERTIARY AMINO GROUPS IN THE MOLECULA OF SUCH RESIN AND AFTER DISSOLUTION OR DISPERSION OF THIS IN A WATERPROOF ACID SOLUTION. SUCH AQUOUS POLYURETHANE RESIN CAN BE USED WELL AS A BINDER FOR WATER PRINTING INKS OR WELL AS AN ADHESIVE FOR STRATIFIED WITH A WATER VEHICLE WHICH CAN BE USED, ACCORDING TO THE PRESENT INVENTION, FOR THE PRODUCTION OF MATERIALS.


The IoT (Internet of Things) link system, various applications, data storage like cloud, and another service area that possibly will be a fresh entry for attackers as they uninterruptedly offer services in the organization. At this time, threats to users' privacy and malware pose significant challenges to the integrity of the Internet of Things. These extortions might lead to the loss of important information, which in turn could cause a company's finances and reputation to suffer. In this paper, we have identified anomalous activity throughout the IoT ecosystem by utilizing a variety of machine learning approaches. The results from the experiment indicate that the categorization capabilities of machine learning techniques may serve as an alternative strategy for ensuring the safety of communication inside the IoT.


Research subject. Spectroscopic features (Raman spectra) of mineral inclusions of peridotite paragenesis (olivine, orthopyroxene, clinopyroxene, garnet) in natural diamonds of the Yakutian diamondiferous province. Materials and methods. A series of diamonds was studied both with single mineral inclusions and with associations of inclusions of peridotite paragenesis. The chemical composition of mineral inclusions in diamonds was determined using an electron probe micro-analyzer (EPMA). The Raman spectra of inclusions were obtained on a spectrometer equipped with a Nd:YAG laser with a wavelength of 532 nm. Results. The revealed spectroscopic characteristics of mineral inclusions in natural diamonds reflect specific features of their chemical composition. Thus, the shift in the positions of the Raman peaks DB1 and DB2 in the olivine spectra reflects the forsterite - fayalite (Mg-Fe) isomorphism; changes in the positions of valence vibrational modes in the Raman spectra of clinopyroxene Si-Onbr (ν16) and Si-Obr (ν11) and orthopyroxene (ν17) reflect the isomorphism of diopside - jadeite (CaMg-NaAl) and enstatite - ferrosilite (Mg-Fe), position shifts of deformation (ν2) and valence (ν1, ν3) modes of vibrational energies of the Si-O bond in garnets reflect the Al-Cr and Ca-Mg isomorphism, respectively. Conclusions. For the identified correlations, regression lines were calculated, which can be used to determine the quantitative contents of the main chemical components of mineral inclusions (clinopyroxene and garnet) of peridotite paragenesis in situ in diamonds. The developed method for evaluating the chemical composition of garnet and clinopyroxene inclusions can be used to distinguish clinopyroxene and garnet inclusions from different mantle parageneses.


Boiling water reactors (BWRs) incorporate many unique structural features that make their expected response under accident conditions very different from that predicted in the case of pressurized water reactor accident sequences. Automatic main steam isolation valve (MSIV) closure as the vessel water level approaches the top of the core would cause reactor vessel isolation while automatic recirculation pump trip would limit the in-vessel flows to those characteristic of natural circulation (as disturbed by vessel relief valve actuation). This paper provides a brief discussion of the BWR control blade, channel box, core plate, control rod guide tube, and reactor vessel safety relief valve (SRV) configuration and the effects of these structural components upon thermalhydraulic processes within the reactor vessel under severe accident conditions. The dominant BWR severe accident sequences as determined by probabilistic risk assessment are briefly described and the expected timing of events for the unmitigated short-term station blackout severe accident sequence at the Peach Bottom Atomic Power Station is presented. 12 refs., 4 figs., 1 tab.


Objective chance, or the "big bad bug" of David Lewis's account of Humean Supervenience forces, as is well known, is a modification of the Principal Principle. Here, I argue that standard assumptions regarding conditional probabilities entail several puzzling consequences for Lewis's New Principle, namely, an apparent requirement to account for the chance of a theory of chance. These problems, I argue, cannot be adequately answered within the received framework, and so I suggest that an interpretation of conditional probabilities in terms of Alan Hájek's recent work might go some distance toward their resolution.


Numerous herbal plants available naturally which are having different chemical constituents used in cosmetics preparations. This review focused on cosmeceuticals intended to enhance the health and beauty of the skin. The isolated compounds from herbal plants like coconut oil, olive oil, sunflower oil, jojoba oil, aloe vera were studied for their dry skin treatment. The herbs like carrot, ginkgo and Rhodiola rosea were studied for their anti- aging property. Herbal like green tea, calendula and turmeric were studied for their skin protection capacity. Herbal plants like henna, neem and shikakai were studied for their anti-dandruff treatment and also studied the antioxidant property of some vitamins. The results obtained from the study, proved that the herbal plants are safe and effective. Herbs are rich in vitamins, they have anti-aging, revitalizing and rejuvenating agent. Herbs produce anti-fungal, anti-bacterial and pain relieving that can treat dandruff. The plants produce anti-septic, anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant and insect repellent, helps in wound healing and skin protection. The current review highlights the importance of herbal cosmetics, the herbs used in them and their advantages over the synthetic counterparts. The present study revealed that herbal cosmetics are safe and does not produce any adverse reactions compare to synthetic cosmetics products.


In this article we focus on the issue of temperature measurement using platinum sensors and their deviations. We describe the analytical solution of measurement deviations with one sensor or a pair of two sensors. We also compare the actual deviations with the limit deviations given by the applicable standards. Our results show that the measurement deviations by platinum sensors are relatively small and the accuracy of the deviation regression and its numerical modeling is a critical problem to solve. The paper presents mathematical models to verify the accuracy of single sensors and their pairs using optimization techniques. This paper provides useful information for all those involved in temperature measurement in industry, science and technology.


Among the tin-based composites, stannous sulfide (SnS) is a prospective material to serve as anode for lithium-ion batteries (LiBs) owning to its high theoretical-capacity, layer-structure for fast Li+ diffusion path,...


1,2,3 Department of Electronics & Communication Engineering 1,2,3 NSHM Knowledge Campus, Durgapur, India Abstract— The Reversible logic synthesis techniques will definitely be a necessary part of the long-term future of computing due to its low power dissipating characteristic. Reversible logic gates are very much in demand for the future computing technologies as they are known to produce zero power dissipation under ideal conditions. Today, reversible logic circuits have attracted considerable attention in improving some fields like nanotechnology, quantum computing, and low power design of circuits. In this paper we proposed the design of MOD-8 synchronous up/down counter having reduced quantum cost, constant inputs and less number of gates to implement it using existing reversible gates.


Lymph node involvement is the most important prognostic factor in gynecologic malignancies and associated with the rate of recurrent and survival. Lymphadenectomy is one of standard staging and treatment in the current practice of selected cases of gynecological cancer even the rate of lymph node metastasis in early stage is low. This procedure increases operative time, blood loss, and associated with a long and short-term complication such as nerve injury, lymphocyst, hospital stay, and healthcare costa. Sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) procedure has been studied to decrease morbidity without compromising oncological and surgical outcomes. Many studies in melanoma and breast cancer have shown that SLNB procedures accurately predict lymph node status and are associated with less morbidity [1, 2]. This procedure, therefore, has a place in gynecologic malignancy. It has been investigated in gynecological, vulvar, endometrial, cervical and ovarian cancer. Most medical centers now offer SLNB for early-stage vulvar cancer, endometrial cancer and cervical cancer. This technique was recently introduced and evaluated its feasibility in ovarian cancer in some centers. The objective of this review is to summarize and update the available data on the SLN concept in gynecological tumors.


The Annotation and Image Mark-up Project is a standardized semantically interoperable information model with storage and communication formats for image annotation and markup.


Under partially shaded conditions (PSC), a photovoltaic (PV) array gets more complex characteristics. Yet, it is very difficult and utterly necessary for PV system designers to understand and predict them. Other than the prevailing methodology of solving a set of non-linear equations, the proposed methodology focus on three key points of short circuit (0, I sc
), MPP(
 V mp
, I mp
), and open circuit (
 V oc
, 0), and splits its V
–
 I curve into three regions, which are replaced by three asymptote lines. From this new viewpoint, this study presents a novel Psim-based piece-wise linear macro-model and its circuit parameter values can be determined based on the three key points. Parameter estimation method is then developed to calculate the values of three key points under arbitrary irradiance and temperature by using only the datasheet under the standard test condition. The new model can be used to predict PV module characteristics for various operating conditions and understand the behaviours of a long PV string and a large-scale PV array under any PSC patterns on Psim platform. Compared with the published other models, the new model have merits of short running time, relative high accurateness, and reliable unique solution, avoiding the computational complexity and convergence issues. The accurateness of new model and formulas is experimentally validated and the computational error can meet the requirement of routine engineering analysis and design. Therefore, the new model and formulas will provide a powerful tool for one to learn the behaviour of a large-scale PV array in a complex scenario and optimise entire PV power plant, which involves DC/DC converter for MPPT and DC/AC inverter.


The main objective of this study was to evaluate the accuracy of point‐of‐care ultrasound (POCUS) for the diagnosis of appendicitis in a general emergency department (ED) population as performed by emergency physicians with variable ultrasound experience.


The mean-shift algorithm is an efficient technique for 2D object tracking. Although the scale of the mean-shift kernel is a crucial parameter, there is presently no clean mechanism for choosing or updating scale while tracking objects that are changing in size. In this paper, Lindeberg's theory of scale selection based on local maxima of differential scale-space filters is improved and then adapted to select suitable scale of the mean-shift kernel in the process of multi-scale object tracking. In addition, AUC is regarded as a standard to evaluate the efficiency of the algorithm put forward above.


A cleaner composition for electronic materials is provided to obtain an improved anti-corrosive effect to silicon and/or metal and excellent cleaning quality when used after a microprocessing step in a semiconductor device fabricating process. A cleaner composition for electronic material comprises a nitro group-containing compound, an alkaline compound, a non-ionic surfactant and a metal corrosion-preventing agent, wherein the nitro group-containing compound is represented by the following formula 1. In formula 1, each of R1-R5 independently represents H, a halogen atom or a functional group such as nitro, alkyl, hydroxyl, hydroxyalkyl, amine, carboxyl, sulfonic acid, sulfonamide, alkoxyl, aldehyde, acetoxyl, phosphonic acid, mercapto, allyl, aryl, alkyl or amyl, or alkylated derivatives, acetylated derivatives, halogenated derivatives or salts thereof.


The absolute differential cross sections and generalized oscillator strengths of resolved 3p 61 S 0 ! 3 p 5 ( 2 P 1/2)4s ,3 p 5 ( 2 P 3/2)4s8 transitions in argon were determined by angle-resolved electronenergy-loss spectrometer at an incident electron energy of 1500 eV and scattering angles from 2° to 11.5°. Corrections of the experimental results for the angular factor and pressure effect have been made. These results are compared with other experimental and theoretical results. The absolute differential cross sections and generalized oscillator strengths of unresolved nondipole excitations 3 p 6 !3p 5 4p14p8 are reported. The profile of the generalized oscillator strength curve is similar to that of neon atoms. @S1050-2947~96!09809-5#


Resistance to the antimycobacterial therapy (AMT) remains problematic as far as the control of tuberculosis combat is concerned. The figures available are contradictory and hence not conclusive. Hence it was decided to probe this problem, and also to detect interval changes in its magnitude, in two era, by both a retrospective and a prospective study. The retrospective study focused on the years 2006-2007 and included 57 cases. The prospective study comprised 31 cases during the years 2011-2012. All cases were originally smear positive. Culture and sensitivity testing was performed: For reading the test results, the proportion method was used. The AMT in the second era included pyrazinamide (PZ) and ethambutol (ETH) for which susceptibility testing was done besides the testing for the usual antituberculous drugs namely; Rifampicin, INH and streptomycin in both era. It was possible to perform susceptibility testing in only 22 of the patients who received PZ & ETH. The results were classified according to wether the patients were new cases receiving their treatment as fresh cases who received AMT for the first time or as old retreatment cases who received AMT before retesting. Results refer to an overall resistance of 38.7% in the prospective group as compared to 31.6% in retrospective group, of which 3.2% and 7.0% had initial primary resistance and 35.5% and 24.6% had secondary resistance in either group respectively. 29.0% showed monoresistance and 9.6% showed multiple drug resistance (MDR) in the prospective group. The analogous figures for the retrospective group were 22.8% and 8.8% respectively. The figures in the present study were compared to other available national Egyptian figures and also to figures from some developing countries; whose figures were rather high and are mentioned in the text. The whole situation is alarming and needs proper attention. Conclusions and recommendations are forwarded.


Based on electromagnetic induction theory and fundamental theory of conduction of heat,the Finite Element Method model of heavy rail induction hardening process was built.Analyses the change of eddy penetrates depth,the comparison of temperature distribution between simulation and reality data was consistent.This work provides an important reference data to the research of heavy rail induction hardening.


Phenolic compounds have very strong toxicity, so it has been paid sharply attention to find an effective way of controlling the wastewater containing phenolic compounds. The work on this subject done by domestic and overseas scholars is studied in this paper, and the progress of researches on low-temperature plasma treatment is summarized through the electrical discharge types, mechanism, kinetics of phenolic compounds decomposition and combination of several methods with low-temperature plasma treatment. In addition, the crucial problem and the developing tendency on low-temperature plasma treatment for phenol-bearing wastewater are briefly discussed.


Freire's theory of social change informs analysis of youth-focused participatory research, with researchers describing links between participation and young people's critical thinking. There is less analysis of how youth move from the safe social space of a participatory research project to take health-promoting action in difficult real-world contexts. This article analyses a project conducted with Papua New Guinean youth, disrupting assumptions that critical thinking inevitably leads to critical action on health. Findings suggest the need to shift the focus of participatory research from supporting 'safe social spaces' to supporting 'transformative action in context' to concretely contribute to improving youth health.


ABSTRACT
Music is heatlh therapy to increase or to repair physical condition, emotion, koknitive, and social with way to listen. Stress is individual response where there incompatibility between expectation and achievement shown through feeling emotionally. The research is to analyze the influence of therapy keroncong music to decrease stress levels for gerontic in Besi village Tlogoagung country Kembangbahu sub-district Lamongan regency. The design of study uses the design method pre experiment one group pretest posttest. Sampling method used is the Simple Random Sampling a sample of 106 gerontic whosuffer from stress in Besi village Tlogoagung country Kembangbahu sub-district Lamongan regency.
The research data in taken to given treatment. After the analyzed using the Wilcoxon test signal rank test with significance level of p = < 0,05. Results shows gerontic prior to stimulation therapy keroncong music the stress being as many as 95,3% (101 gerontic) and most of patient after they gave therapy keroncong music as many as 77,4% (82 lansia) experienced mild stress. After the test statistics obtained value of Z = -9058
and P=0,000 and H0 rejected which was mean there were influence of therapy keroncong music to decrease stress levels for gerontic in Besi village Tlogoagung country Kembangbahu sub-district Lamongan regency.
To overcome the problem of stress, one of alternative non farmacology treatment was used by conferral given therapy keroncong music.
Key word : Keroncong music therapy, Stress, Gerontic


In Russia and Ukraine, the structure of government parties — United Russia and the Party of Regions — reflects political trends in these countries. Comparing the two sheds light on the divergent trajectories of Russia and Ukraine since 1991. Although some similarities still exist, specifically the role of businessmen in the parliamentary groups formed by these parties, other interest groups (such as the police) also carry weight. A network analysis helps us identify, through the connections of MPs with outside social structures, the complex means used by these two parties to wield power and distribute resources.


This study explores individuals' postcoital disclosures by investigating the role of orgasm and alcohol on communication after sexual activity over a two-week period. Assessments of the risks and benefits of disclosing were expected to influence the associations among orgasm, alcohol, and postcoital communication. The results revealed that individuals who orgasmed perceived greater benefits to disclosing to their partners after sexual activity. They also disclosed more positively valenced information and information of greater magnitude compared to those who did not orgasm, although risk–benefit assessments did not mediate this relationship. Additionally, the more alcohol individuals consumed, the fewer benefits they assessed to disclosing, the less deep and positively valenced their disclosures were, and the more unintentional they were in their disclosures. Similarly, the relationship between alcohol and the dimensions of disclosure was not mediated by risk–benefit assessments. Finally, individuals who consumed more alcohol and did not orgasm disclosed less positively valenced information than individuals who consumed less alcohol and did not orgasm across occasions. The implications of these findings for couples' communication and future research on the postcoital time interval are discussed.


We have succeeded in the synthesis of ruthenium(II) carbonyl 5,15-diazaporphyrin complexes 2 having pyridines as axial ligands. The structures, properties, and reactivities under photoirradiation of 2 are compared with those of the corresponding ruthenium porphyrins.


In the present study, fluctuation characteristics have been investigated using beam emission spectroscopy in discharges with the edge transport barrier in the compact helical system. If the heating power was high enough, a coherent mode having fundamental (f = 4–5 kHz) and 2nd harmonic (2f = 8–10 kHz) frequencies was observed. This mode showed similar characteristics to those of the edge harmonic oscillations (EHO) observed in tokamaks. This EHO-like mode is located in the edge region where steep density gradients and the ι = 1 rational surface exist. There seems to be a threshold in the density gradient for enhancing the EHO-like mode. After the excitation of the EHO-like mode, the density gradient saturates. The edge density gradient remained constant when the EHO-like mode existed, even if the heating power was increased, suggesting that there is some correlation between the EHO-like mode and particle confinement.


New media is the communication form of using digital technology, with the help of computer network, wireless communication and other channels, and with the help of computer, mobile phone, digital television and other terminals to provide users with a number of entertainment services, which has the advantages of interactivity, innovation and convenience. New media are corresponding to traditional media. Animation is an artistic existence, a multi-form art display, but also a special form of art. New media animation is to combine the advantages of new media with animation to carry out a new display. In the era of digital information, the development of digital media has laid the foundation of animation design industry to a large extent and created many convenient conditions. This paper mainly describes the creative basis of new media animation and the innovative research on creation. 1. Application of New Media Technology in Animation Design In recent years, the rapid development of new media technology has promoted the development of many new industries. Animation industry is also a new industry formed with the development of new media. Animation design is the key part of animation production, the quality of animation production is largely determined by the quality of animation design. With the progress of science and technology, the change of digital media also has a new form and influence on the development of animation industry. The digital media industry has also promoted the industrial transformation for the animation industry, and provided a broader space for the development of the animation industry and a platform for the development of the animation industry [1]. New media art innovates the form of art in front of people, is no longer limited to the paper description or just a complete film, new media animation has become the art with a huge imagination space, but also has more diversity, new media art has become a broader development space in art. Figure 1 Animation design Animation design. New media mainly involves various applications, and should adhere to the principle of animation design in new media applications. In the application of animation, the development of new media should follow the necessary application-oriented principle, and apply 2020 3rd International Conference on Interdisciplinary Social Sciences & Humanities (SOSHU 2020) Copyright © (2020) Francis Academic Press, UK DOI: 10.25236/soshu.2020.136 666 the new media plan and animation design to meet the needs of the society. The characteristic principle in the new media animation is also the characteristic of the new media animation, the animation design should strictly follow the characteristic principle, use the characteristic processing in the animation design implementation, maximize the use of the animation design resources, and maximize the application scientific and rationality of the animation design in the new media. In the process of animation design should also pay attention to the principle of reality and advance, fully consider the fundamental needs of the development of new media animation industry. Combining the two fully and keeping the new media forward-looking can better reflect the innovative development of new media in animation design application [2]. New media animation concept. The conception of animation creation in the new media era is also an important part of the new media animation. Conception refers to a kind of aesthetic image formed by the creator combining reality with animation with his own imagination after integrating his own emotion and art after many kinds of imagination. Conception is a longer process, which requires multiple and continuous enrichment to form a complete process. The content of the creator in the creation is imaginary, but this kind of imagination makes it originated from life, but also a kind of aesthetic image higher than life, so that the creator has its own uniqueness by using its own art to combine its own emotion and subjective factors. Therefore, in the process of animation creation, especially in the animation creation conception, not only to grasp their own unique imagination inspiration, but also on this basis to connect with the physical objects in life, so as to create a more rigorous audience can accept and popular new media animation works. Imagination is a link in the animation conception, it can help the creator to form a whole conception of the animation in the initial stage, and initially complete a whole impression of the animation, and the creator should make clear the basic position of imagination. The creator should think of the design difficulty behind the conception, create the moving works within the scope of his own ability, avoid the excessive imagination, and create the vivid new media animation works on the basis of rational creation on the basis of imagination. In the creation, the creator's own understanding and the actual animation theme thought should be combined in detail to realize the unity of means and language. Figure 2 Animation design 2. Research on Innovation of New Media Technology in Animation Design Length of animation. There are many kinds of platform ways in the new media, among which the most popular are the Internet and smart phone, the Internet media has many characteristics: large amount of information, convenient and quick, easy to use and so on, fully meet the people's leisure time demand for entertainment. But modern consumers prefer fast consumption, animation is limited in terms of time, location, etc., the video content on the mobile phone is short film content, and prefer entertainment, which is also the reason for the rapid rise of platforms such as quiver, fast hand and so on [2]. So the change is the length of animation time, in a short period of time to complete the whole story narration, is the current new media animation in the current animation audience is an important means. The length of animation will also have an impact on the reader's interest, in the current society in a variety of occasions, people living fast in life will also appear the phenomenon of fast life, at this time the appropriate animation duration is also an important factor


Considering drug-induced lipid peroxidation as a possible mediator of drug-induced toxicity and exploiting the free radical scavenging action of antioxidants, the present study was designed to evaluate the antiperoxidative potential of water extract of Spirulina platensis on docetaxel-induced lipid peroxidation. The study was performed in vitro using goat liver as lipid source. This evaluation was done by measuring the nitric oxide (NO) content of liver tissue homogenates as marker of lipid peroxidation. The study reveals the lipid peroxidation induction capacity of docetaxel and the antiperoxidative potential of water extract of Spirulina platensis on docetaxel-induced lipid peroxidation.


The utility model provides a flat arm type tower crane which comprises a tower body, a lower support seat, an upper support seat, a balance arm, a support frame and a control device. The flat arm type tower crane further comprises a first crane arm and a second crane arm, wherein the balance arm as well as the first crane arm and the second crane arm are respectively arranged at the two sides of the upper support seat. After the flat arm type tower crane is adopted, the first crane arm and the second crane arm can work at the same time during heavy load, so that the hoisting requirement of a large or ultra-large type tower crane can be met; and the first crane arm or the second crane arm can work separately during light load, so that the energy consumption is reduced, and the energy is saved.


It has been shown in recent economic and statistical studies that combining forecasts may produce more accurate forecasts than individual ones.However,the linear combination forecasting method is known to have the limitation for composite modeling and forecasting of foreign exchange rates.This paper presents a new nonlinear composite forecasting method for exchange rate modeling and forecasting based on support vector machines regression.Furthermore,the problems how to select the kernel function,loss function and control capacity,and so on,are discussed with simulation demonstration.It has been shown by the composite modeling and forecasting results about the exchange rate time series of the British pound,the French franc,the Swiss franc and the Japanese yen against U.S.dollar that the method has reinforcement learning properties and mapping capabilities.With respect to composite modeling and forecasting of nonlinear system which has some uncertainties,the method is applicable. 


This work proposes a novel RRT-based motion planning method for robotic systems equipped with redundant anthropomorphic arms. A characteristic Redundancy space (ReRRT) for this type of robots is proposed for sampling at the position level to deal with the problem of Task-Constrained Motion Planning (TCMP) with other multiple constraints in realistic robotic manipulation applications. Based on the geometric feature of a redundant anthropomorphic arm with seven DOFs, the whole configuration space of a robot equipped with the anthropomorphic arm is decoupled to extract a redundancy space independent of the task space. The redundancy space is defined and spanned by the swivel angle of the arm and the variables which control the position and orientation of the arm base frame located at the shoulder. As a result, an explicitly intuitive sampling space, which has one-to-one mapping relationship with the task-constrained configuration space, can be found. One dedicated Inverse Kinematics (IK) algorithm is developed to directly map the samples back to the task-constrained configuration space without iterative modifications. Simulation studies were performed and comparisons with traditional Gradient Projection Method (GPM) and Rapidly exploring Random Tree (RRT) are drawn to illustrate that the proposed ReRRT is able to combine the advantages of the two methods. Finally, an experimental task of putting a cup on the table is performed on a humanoid robot COMAN to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method in a more realistic task scenario.


Natural ventilation as a passive design strategy has been considered recently as an effective way to reduce energy consumption and create better indoor thermal condition. Different architectural elements and techniques have been applied in previous studies to increase the efficiency of ventilation systems in naturally ventilated buildings. However, limited researches have been carried out on the application of building characteristic such as form and height of building and their effects on overall indoor ventilation. Current study looks into the impact of building heights on the indoor air temperature and velocity and indicates that how this building character influences on indoor thermal condition. The field experiment was applied to evaluate indoor thermal condition in a high-rise building in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. Selection of units is based on the orientation and height with emphasis on outdoor prevailing wind direction. The results show that there are significant differences between mean air temperature and velocity within units in the lower and higher floors. The air temperature differences in the living and dining rooms in units are 1.2 C˚ and 1.54 C˚ respectively. The air temperature within the unit at higher floor is cooler than the unit at lower floor. This can be justified due to significant difference of indoor air velocity in the lower and upper levels. The results demonstrate that the amount of indoor wind in the living room at unit in the upper floor is four times higher than the amount for same room at unit in the lower floor. However, this value for the dining room is just two times more.


The level structure of /sup 174/Yb has been studied using the /sup 173/Yb(n,..gamma..) reaction with both thermal and 2-keV neutrons. Measurements of ..gamma..-ray energies and intensities were made using Ge(Li) detectors. From these data a neutron separation energy of 7464.8 +- 0.5 keV has been determined for /sup 174/Yb. A level scheme is proposed for /sup 174/Yb which contains 47 excited states, with identified de-excitation modes, below 2.35 MeV. Features of the proposed level scheme include: the K/sup ..pi../=2/sup -/, 0/sup -/, and 3/sup -/ octupole-vibrational bands with band-head energies of 1318, 1710, and 1851 keV, respectively; the ..gamma..-vibrational band at 1634 keV; three excited K/sup ..pi../=0/sup +/ bands with band-head energies of 1487, 1885, and 2100 keV; and, several two-quasiparticle bands with band-head energies in keV (and K/sup ..pi../ assignments) of 1606(3/sup +/), 1624(1/sup +/), 2016(3/sup +/), and 2049(3/sup -/). Configuration assignments for these two-quasiparticle bands are discussed. The available data for the K/sup ..pi../=3/sup +/ band at 1606 keV are not inconsistent with the assumption that it has collective character; and it is suggested that it, together with the lowest-lying 3/sup +/ band in /sup 172/Yb (at 1172 keV), might represent, in the framework of the interacting bosonmore » approximation model, examples of g-boson excitations.« less


The application of fuzzy logic controllers (FLC's) to the control of nonlinear processes, typically controlled by a human operator, is a topic of much study. Recent application of a microprocessor based FLC to the control of temperature processes in a wind tunnel has proven to be very successful. The control of the wind tunnel temperature processes requires the ability to monitor temperature feedback from several points and to accommodate varying operating conditions in the wind tunnel. The FLC has an intuitive and easily configurable structure which incorporates the flexibility required to have such an ability. The design and implementation of the FLC is presented along with process data from the wind tunnel under automatic control.<<ETX>>


Hip arthroplasty is the most effective method for the treatment of severe stages of coxarthrosis, the hip injury and their consequences. The number of hip replacements throughout the world is increasing every year. In Ukraine, such operations are necessary in 150 000 patients per year. Among the complications of hip arthroplasty the most frequent and require repeated surgical procedures are dislocations of the femoral head. During the primary arthroplasty they occur in 0.5–10 % of cases, after revision surgery the risk of their occurrence increases to 10–25 %. Dislocations of femoral head associated with intense pain, a significant deterioration in the functional and mental status of the patient. The article presents the existing classification (for a cause type (mechanism) and time of dislocation), prevention and treatment (conservative and surgical). The main stages of care: emergency, medical and surgical treatments are reviewed. Separately medical tactic is presented for primary and recurrent dislocation of the femoral head. The methods of hip joint fixation after reduction of dislocation and surgical treatment methods (replacement of the head and/or linera implant, revision surgery with complete replacement of the legs and/or cup) are studied. The authors systematized contemporary data about dislocation of the femoral head to determine the main features of classification, prevention and treatment of this complication. It emphasizes the importance of determining the causes of dislocation of the femoral head, preoperative preparation and the choice of optimal tactics of treatment of this disease and its prevention as a basis to prevent the occurrence of dislocation.


This is the third of three articles describing the work of the Birth Place Choices (BPC) Project, a Department of Health funded project carried out between May 2003 and May 2005 as a collaboration between Southampton University Hospitals NHS Trust and Portsmouth Hospitals NHS Trust. The BPC Project had three aims: 1. To identify factors which influence women's decisions about where to give birth. 2. To determine whether the introduction of specially designed information and educational initiatives increase women's knowledge of choices for place of birth. 3. To determine whether implementation of these initiatives was associated with an increase in the number of women choosing to give birth outside main consultant-led maternity units. This article describes the evaluation process carried out during phase two of the BPC Project, as well as the key successes of the BPC Project and the barriers which limited its effectiveness.


E very day more than five hundred missing person complaints are approximated to go unanswered in India. an organization called as find me group FMG that is currently active in the united states led by former field experts is committed to solve the problems that lead to such scenarios. they have introduced and made use of the missing person intelligence synthesis toolkit mist which adopts a driven-data approach to the given problem. using the same approach and slightly building upon the foundation provided by FMG we aim to tackle this problem by taking search locations on the basis of the data on hand ranks and orders the locations based on the likelihood as well as the probability allocated to the search areas based on the prior information and previous performances that are taken individually as well as a group. we compared and contrasted our approach with the current practices adopted by several organizations and entities and found that this method gives us a slight but significant advantage over many of such approaches. it is worth noteworthy that it could actually reduce the search area leading to a reduction of many square kilometres over several cases that were examined in the conducted experiments. missing individual incidents have been on a steady rise in India for the past many years. the major cause of many of these incidents never being solved the lack of timely reporting of such cases and the lack of transparency of facts and information. and because of this sadly many of those cases are never solved. the cases of human trafficking and homicides are other fields that can be tackled by this approach as many of their attributes match.


Although network centrality is generally assumed to produce power, recent research shows that this is not the case in exchange networks. This paper proposes a generalization of the concept of centrality that accounts for both the usual positive relationship between power and centrality and Cook et al.'s recent exceptional results.


With intensifying competition,product distinction has becoming negligible.Corporate Imagine and Product Identity have become very important to help corporations to stay competitive.Unique product exterior designs are essential for companies to establish corporate image and build recognition for consumers to distinguish their products from competitors.This article is based on study and analysis of a large-scale mechanical engineering equipment company and its targeted marketing end users.The exterior recognition design of the product was accomplished through analysis of the company's intention for CI as well as product exterior design process,which takes into consideration of key design elements,such as structure color material and coating.The design has also incorporated the company's internal CI guidance and reference of exterior image.


A novel delivery system and the use of rubber pieces of the rubber pieces delivery system method, the system includes a control system, belt conveyors and mixers, further comprising: a metal detector, is connected to the metal detector and control system; and control the system is connected, and connected to the metal detector gum crusher; connected to the control system, through the adapter to a belt conveyor drum after kneading the crusher compound; adapter and connected to said control system after kneading drum automatic weighing and filling device; connected to the control system, after the automatic weighing and disposed in a charging device for hanging the bucket buffer material; connected to the control system provided in the discharge means after the buffer material; adapters mixer after said discharge means. High degree of automation of the present invention, the transport speed is fast, small footprint of the device, save manpower, to achieve a batch quality, high efficiency, optimize the batch process, to achieve energy saving and lower cost.


This dissertation starts with the conception of information hardness.Then it analyzes the characteristics of primary information source and secondary information source. In addition, this paper points out that the problem in collecting of competitive intelligence in china. And it puts forward a general course of gathering of CI in china base on the gathering method of CI in America and Japan.


We investigate the relation between the non-Gaussianities of the primordial perturbations and the sound speed of the tensor perturbations, that is, the propagation speed of the gravitational waves. We find that the sound speed of the tensor perturbations is directly related not to the auto-bispectrum of the tensor perturbations but to the cross-bispectrum of the primordial perturbations, especially, the scalar-tensor-tensor bispectrum. This result is in sharp contrast with the case of the scalar (curvature) perturbations, where their reduced sound speed enhances their auto-bispectrum. Our findings indicate that the scalar-tensor-tensor bispectrum can be a powerful tool to probe the sound speed of the tensor perturbations.


Reverse osmosis composite membrane was prepared by interfacial polymerization(IP)of metaphenylene diamine(MPD)with trimesoyl chloride(TMC)on the surface of polysulfone(PS)support.The effects of monomers concentration,reaction time of IP,time and temperature of heat treatment on the separation performance of composite membranes were investigated.The influences of phase-transfer catalyst(PTC)on the separation performance of composite membrane were also studied,and the mechanism of reaction process was discussed.From the orthogonal experiment results,the optimum conditions were the concentration of TMC and PMD 3 g·L-1,20 g·L-1 respectively,and the temperature and time of heat treatment 90 ℃ and 15 min,and the flux of 14.91 L·m-2·h-1 as well as rejection of 0.951(pressure 1.6 MPa,temperature 25℃,concentration of NaCl 20000 mg·L-1)were obtained under these conditions.In addition,it was found that at a low concentration of MPD,the separation performance of composite membrane could be remarkably improved by adding PTC into the water phase.


Background: Lactobacillus acidophilus produced extracellular enzymes that can improve the attachment to the dentin surface who known as enzyme glucosyltransferase (GTF). This enzym hydrolyze sucrose into glucose and fructose as the initial biofilm formation plays a role in the process of recolonisation. The solution of 2% chlorhexidine gluconate, 2.5% sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) and chlorhexidine chloride is believed to inhibit the enzyme glucosyltransferase activity of the Lactobacillus acidophilus. Objective: To determine the effectiveness of the solution of 2% chlorhexidine gluconate, 2.5% sodium hypochlorite and chlorhexidine chloride against glucosyltransferase (GTF) Lactobacillus acidophilus. Materials and Methods: This study used the enzyme glucosyltransferase (GTF) from the supernatant of Lactobacillus achidophilus bacteria are divided into each of 6 different tubes to the observed activity in the formulation of chlorhexidine gluconate concentration of 2%, 2.5% NaOCl and chlorhexidine chloride. The entire sample was tested using High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) to view the activity of the enzyme glucosyltransferase (GTF) in all study groups. Statistical test using one-way ANOVA and LSD (p<0.005). Results: chlorhexidine chloride to the enzyme activity of glucosyltransferase (GTF) Lactobacillus acidophilus showed a significant difference (p<0.05) compared to 2% chlorhexidine gluconate and 2.5% NaOCl Conclusions: The ability of chlorhexidine chloride to inhibit the enzyme activity of glucosyltransferase (GTF) Lactobacillus acidophilus better than the 2.5% sodium hypochlorite and 2% chlorhexidine gluconate.


Background:
Abelmoschus esculentus (Okra) is one of popular vegetable in many countries. Medically it is an excellent source of potassium, vitamins B, C, antioxidants and calcium. Nowadays it becomes an area of interest due to its antidiabetic effect. In this systematic review we are using mice to model human disease. Genetically and gnomically, the human and the mouse are very similar, with many of the disease-related genes are nearly identical. The major objective of this study was to investigate the therapeutic effect of Abelmoschus esculentus (okra) on diabetic mice, and the impact of the outcome results on type II diabetic patients.
Method:
PubMed, Cochrane databases, Access Medicine and Google Scholar search was conducted to find out studies that evaluate the ability of Okra to lower blood glucose on diabetic mice. As the result of the deep search and using inclusion and exclusion criteria and JBI critical appraisal tools 4 articles were selected. All of these articles evaluate the antidiabetic effect of Okra.
Results:
All the identified studies confirm the antidiabetic effect of Abelmoschus esculentus in diabetic rates. The results showed clear reduction in the level of blood glucose, HbA1c and others diabetic markers. In addition to this they revealed potential of hypolipidemic, antiinflammatory and anti-cancer effects of okra.
Conclusion:
The results of this systematic review confirm that Okra has the potential to be an excellent choice for managing glucose level on type II diabetic patients. However, direct studies on human type II diabetic patients need to be done before confirming its effect in human.


An extended geminal model has been applied to determine the interatomic potential for the X1Σ+g state Be2. By adopting a [11s, 9p, 6d, 4f, 2g] contracted Gaussian-type basis, the following potential minimum parameters are obtained: Re = 4.67 a.u. (4.63 a.u.) and De = 3.70 mH (3.82 ± 0.05 mH), experimental values in parentheses. A calculation with a nuclei-centered [9s, 7p, 4d, 2f, 1g] GTO basis plus two sets of bond-type function, each set comprising diffuse (2s, 2p, 2d, 2f, 1g) GTOs, yielded −3.79 mH as the value of the potential at R = 4.63 a.u. On the basis of an error analysis the best theoretical estimate of the binding energy is determined to be 3.83 ± 0.08 mH. The calculated value for the fundamental vibrational frequency is v01 = 224.7 cm−1 (exp. = 224 ± 3 cm). © 1996 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.


We are at an important juncture in the development of race and gender policy in this country. The prevailing regulatory framework erected in the 1960s and 1970s to address discrimination in the workplace faces fundamental challenges. At a time when the United States population is becoming increasingly diverse, traditional methods of considering race and gender as "plus factors" or "add-ons" are being challenged in courts,1 legislatures, 2 and public referenda3 with much greater frequency and success. The widely shared moral consensus about the need to redress racial and gender inequality has broken down.4 Those who are committed


This paper discusses the relationship of reform between multimedia teaching method and Procedural Law teaching method and points out the principles, requirement and methods about application of multimedia method to teaching of Procedural Law of civil affairs. This paper also puts forward the problems and countermeasures.


The terrestrial plant Luffa cylindrica was applied to a surface-flow-constructed wetland (SFCW) to treat effluent from rice fields. To control the excessive growth of weeds that interfere with the maintenance of SFCWs, SFCWs with and without shading were constructed and the effect of shading was investigated. The average removal efficiencies of T-N and T-P for 135 day operation of the SFCW with shading were 57 and 53%, respectively, while in the case of those without shading were 44 and 41%, respectively. This result indicates that the nutrient removal efficiency was stimulated by shading. Although L. cylindrica completely dominated the SFCW with shading, the total plant biomass production including weeds was higher without shading. The total length of the roots in the SFCW with shading was, however, 2.2-fold that without shading. Consequently, it was suggested that the longer root length observed in SFCW with shading promoted the sedimentation of nutrients, resulting in a nutrient removal efficiency higher than that in the case without shading. These results demonstrate that shading is effective not only to control the growth of weeds but also to enhance the growth of roots in SFCWs, resulting in easier maintenance and a higher nutrient removal efficiency.


CORNEAL ulcers are common in all ophthalmic hospitals in India, especially in the summer. Their treatment was very unsatisfactory before the advent of antibiotics but even antibiotics were found to have their limitations in hypopyon ulcers, especially those due to B. pyocyaneus which always progressed to perforation of the cornea in spite of vigorous treatment. It was therefore decided to place the antibiotic therapy on a sound and scientific basis. A cultural study was made of the scrapings of corneal ulcers and conjunctival discharges. As the organisms could have come from exogenous and endogenous sources, this study was supplemented by culturing discharges from the meibomian glands, washings of the lacrimal sac and external auditory meatus, and normal conjunctival and nasal secretions. Sensitivity tests were carried out on six antibiotics in common use.


The selection of locations and practices for energy crops requires the economics to be planned and the carbon intensity of the fuel to be assessed. This study develops a framework for selecting near‐optimal cropland sites to minimize the cost to produce a targeted quantity of an energy crop, considering soil properties, fertilizer management, and spatio‐temporal trends in crop yield and soil emissions. DayCent, a biogeochemical model, simulates site‐level crop yield, and soil emissions. As a case study, this framework is applied to a 2.08 × 108 L year−1 capacity barley‐to‐ethanol biorefinery that selects cultivation sites from winter fallow cropland in the mid‐Atlantic region of the USA. The framework implements carbon crediting as per California's Low Carbon Fuel Standard. Our analysis finds the biorefinery's strategy on co‐products significantly influences its life‐cycle carbon intensity ranging between 0.74 gCO2e MJ−1 for all co‐product use and 59 gCO2e MJ−1 for no co‐product use. Coastal counties in Delaware show low soil emission and high yield, but higher transportation distances increase the carbon intensity of these distant croplands. When co‐products are used, the least intensive fertilizer management with fertilizer applications in spring is identified as the cost‐optimized choice for the biorefinery. It is also the option economically favored by growers, suggesting that detailed monitoring of these practices might not be needed to assure the adoption of low‐emission cultivation practices. However, the framework might demonstrate different results for other biofuel‐crop scenarios or different locations. The framework presented can assess the performance of a biorefinery prospectively and improve investors' confidence in the biofuel industry. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.


A 35-year-old man with a complex univentricular congenital heart disease (double inlet left ventricle with levo-transposition of the great arteries) was referred for recurrent atrial tachycardia. He underwent Fontan surgical procedure at age 8 and total cavopulmonary connection at age 22 with …


Cattle placed on feed is a practice to maximize the amount of meat produced before being sent to slaughter, which has become a major agricultural industry. The optimization of input quantities, especially corn, is crucial to maximize production efficiency and ultimately profit. The objective of this research is to determine the optimal corn grain production rate for cattle on feed in Texas and estimated profit maximization under various price ratios for corn grain and live cattle. Utilizing data from various United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) sources, various different input production levels and prices were collected. Statistical Analysis System (SAS), procedures were used to estimate the different production functions. Sensitivity analysis were performed for the optimal production of corn grain rate, and consequent profit under various combinations of corn and live cattle prices for the four different functions. Additionally, a continuous form curve for optimal corn grain production rates under various price ratios was developed. Results indicated that the cubic model was the most accurate based upon the R2 value. However, the continuous form model created for the sensitivity analysis concluded that the quadratic was the most accurate model under the different price ratios. The results of the study can be a useful tool for the decision-making process for producers and policymakers.


No one who attended the 2010 national public health law conference hosted by the Public Health Law Association (PHLA) and the American Society of Law, Medicine & Ethics (ASLME) could miss the sense of excitement and momentum. The revival of this annual public health law meeting, with the support of the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation (RWJF), the energetic leadership of the PHLA president and board, ASLME's expert guidance, and a rousing address by Dr. Tom Frieden, Director of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), symbolize the continued commitment of a wide range of important individuals and institutions to the proposition that law is of substantial importance to public health. But there is more than just symbolism to be excited about. CDC's public health law program continues to champion efforts to promote the use and understanding of law as a public health tool.


In recent years, there has been a growing interest in the concept of value in the marketing literature. This study examines how companies develop e-customer service capability and support value creation in the context of Internet marketing. Surveys are conducted to obtain data from the perspective of both companies and customers. The main results from the firm's perspective indicate that e-customer service capability is positively associated with value creation particularly through technological capability and customer orientation. The high degree of interaction between customer orientation and transaction efficiency suggests that customer experience (satisfaction) can be further enhanced through the e-customer service capability to achieve customer commitment to a website in terms of trust and loyalty.


The effect of prior cold work on grain refinement in mild steel by cyclic re-austenization has been studied. Cyclic re-austenization consists of repeated heating to the austenite range, soaking for a short time at the peak temperature and then quenching in water. A steel grade, ST 44-2 (0.14-0.20%C, 0.18-0.28%Si, 0.40-0.60%Mn), was cold worked to various degrees of deformation and subjected to various isothermal heat treatments, keeping the holding time constant while the peak temperature was varied and vice-versa for a number of cycles. The higher the degree of cold work the finer the average grain size for a given number of cycles. Average grain size decreases with increasing number of cycles up to an optimum number and the optimum number of cycles decreases with increasing degree of cold work. The effect of cold work is more pronounced at lower temperature, shorter time and smaller number of austenitizing cycles. For a given condition of temperature and time, the higher the degree of cold work, the smaller the number of cycles required for optimum grain refinement. Keywords : Mild Steel, Grain Refinement, Cyclic Re-Austenitization, Cold-Work Journal of Applied Science, Engineering and Technology Vol. 6 (1) 2006 pp. 48-55


We have established a quantum antiferromagnetic Heisenberg-Ising model on a spin-1/2 pyrochlore edge-shared ladder with Heisenberg intra-rung and Ising inter-rung interactions as a perspicuous candidate to exhibit magnetization mid and zero plateaus, characteristic peaks of magnetic susceptibility, and thermal entanglement mid plateau. The model is exactly solvable and thus, all the essential properties such as the thermal entanglement and the magnetic properties of the system can be exactly calculated. The calculations are done both through the transfer matrix technique and through the reduced density matrix. The magnetization plateaus are observed at zero and half the saturation value and the magnetic susceptibility exhibits a clear demonstration of the associated characteristic peaks. The model also displays the mid plateau of the thermal entanglement as a function of the external magnetic field at low temperatures.