Bronchial hyperreactivity is often present in CF patients, but little is known about its causes. Therefore, in 80 outpatients with CF (age 5-34y) Aspergillus IgE antibodies, basic lung function parameters and bronchial reactivity to salbutamol inhalation were measured. Results were analysed using multiple regression for age, sex, weight as percentile for height (indicating general condition) and Aspergillus RAST.In 55% of patients Aspergillus IgE was present, 22,5% had RAST Class 3 or 4. In addition to the known good correlation between basic lung function parameters and weight percentiles (p<0.01) we found an independent negative influence of age on FVC, FEV1, MEF50%VC and sRAW (p < 0.05), and of Aspergillus RAST on FEV1 MEF50%VC RV, RV/TLC. Bronchodilator sensitivity did not correlate significantly with age and weight (p > 0.5). However, Aspergillus RAST did significantly correlate with bronchodilator reactivity of sRAW (p < 0.01) and MEF50%VC (p < 0.05).These results would indicate that bronchial reactivity in CF is often caused by hypersensitivity against Aspergillus and not related to general condition or age.


Russia's booming economy means that those old images of grey queues for low-grade fuel to run Moskovich and other Soviet-era cars are long gone, writes Mark Rowe. Instead, the country's fuel retail sector has an incentive for dramatically overhauling the present state of affairs, which predominantly involves poorly established, locally run chains and Western oil company chains fighting -sometimes unsuccessfully - for market share. Such an uneven picture is the case in much of Eastern Europe as well, where fuel retail is far from being a mature market.


A study of the electronic spectrum of the 3nπ*←1A1 transition of benzophenone crystals is presented. The transition originates at 24 194 cm−1, and it displays carbonyl stretching and ring torsion modes of the molecule. The observed polarization ratio (Ib / Ia) of 2.5 ± 0.2 is indicative of the fact that at least two of the spin substates of the triplet can combine with the ground state in electric dipole radiation. The two transitions are z (parallel to C–O) and y (perpendicular to C–O in the R2CO plane) polarized with the former dominant by a factor of 3.A polarized high‐field Zeeman study of the transition shows that the σz and σx spin designated states are the active ones; this result shows that the 3nπ* state is of A2 (in C2υ) type and that the σx state becomes active through vibronic coupling amongst higher states. The appearance of torsional modes in the spectrum is discussed in relation to this vibronic coupling.


-Purpose: To investigate whether there is a difference in the gluteus medius and minimus muscle thicknesses between the cases with Graf method type IIa and normal subjects.

-Methods: A total of 200 cases, 1-3 months old infants, who applied to our hospital for developmental hip dysplasia ultrasound scanning between January 2021 and March 2021 were included in our study. The cases were evaluated with a standard coronal plane with a 9-12 MHz linear array probe according to the Graf method at the level of the triradiate cartilage by the same radiologist. The largest gluteus medius and minimus muscle thickness were measured.

-Results: The female to male ratio was 0.9. and the mean age was 43.9 ± 13.7 days. The present study had 159 (79.5%) Graf type I (Group A) and 41 newborns (20.5%) with Graf type IIa (Group B). Demographic and clinical characteristics were similar in both groups (p>0.05). The mean lengths of the gluteus medius and minimus muscles were similar in newborns with Graf type I and IIa (p=0.975 and p=0.069, respectively). A significant difference was found in the mean length of the gluteus minimus muscle between male and female newborns (p=0.001). The muscle length was statistically shorter in the female newborns than the male newborns (3.4 ± 0.5 mm vs. 3.6 ± 0.5 mm).

-Conclusion: Since there was no difference in gluteal muscle thickness between mature and immature hips; Gluteal muscle lengths are not a diagnostic landmark in the hip ultrasound scan.


Electrocardiography and tetrapolar rheoplethysmography of the finger have demonstrated that voltaren and 5-NK activity produce an adverse action on the coronary blood flow in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. It has been found possible to correct the induced disorders by cordarone.


Ebola glycoprotein GP1,2 performs functions which are essential for the binding of virus to the target cell membrane and subsequent internalization and processing by the target cell [1]. This journal has recently published an analysis of the information entropy (H) of a dataset comprised of Zaire and Sudan Ebola virus (ZEBOV and SEBOV) glycoprotein GP1,2 sequences [2]. The current epidemic of Ebola virus disease (EVD) is caused exclusively by viruses of the ZEBOV strain (http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs103/en/). Accordingly, this Editorial focuses on the potential significance and usefulness of the H distribution [3] in analyzing ZEBOV GP1,2 proteins.


Kerkmann (1998) introduced the financial education and counseling profession to the Transtheoretical Model (TIM) of behavior change and how it could be used to motivate change in clients' financial behaviors. The TIM was developed by Prochaska, Norcross, and DiClementi (1994) to demonstrate how some clients are able to overcome addictive behaviors while others relapse. Prochaska et a1. (1994) identified five stages in the process of behavior change: precontemplation, contemplation, preparation, action, and maintenance. In the precontemplation stage the person is not committed to changing their behavior but may participate in a class or counseling session to placate someone else. At the contemplation stage, the person starts to acknowledge the need to change but is not ready to make a commitment. During preparation, the person considers different strategies for change and begins to seek help. The action stage is when change occurs but relapses are common. Maintenance is achieved when the behavior change has been sustained for six months or more. The TIM model is viewed as a spiral to reflect the cycle of relapse and change. The TIM is currently being used to guide research on the effectiveness of educational programs, as behavior change or implementation of a new behavior has become a more desirable outcome of consumer education than knowledge acquisition. Shockey and Seiling (2004) used the TIM model in comparing preand post-test results of a financial education program focused on the adoption of six financial management practices. In a subsequent study of the implementation of these six practices, Seiling and Shockey (2006) studied participants' perceived and actual ability to manage their finances. Using the TIM, they identified each participant's stage of change. The researchers concluded that increased self confidence was essential to attaining 28  the action and maintenance stages. Xiao et a1. (2004) concluded that students or consumers in the first three stages (precontemplation, contemplation, and preparation) are similar to each other, as are individuals in the last two stages (action and maintenance). In sum, having information on participants' stage of behavior change is helpful to educators in fine tuning their programs to meet student needs. Students benefit when educators know their general learning styles. Consumer educators, who want to focus on specific attitudes toward financial management, can use the Prochaska Cue Inventory of Financial Management Style (PIFS), which consists of 22 items (Prochaska-Cue, 1994). While detailed instruments such as PIFS are especially useful to researchers, many classroom and adult educators do not have the time or resources to assess financial management styles in depth for each participant. Since many adult education programs are limited to one session, there is a need for a quick and simple method to assess people's readiness to change. While Prochaska and colleagues at the Cancer Prevention Research Center (n.d.), have developed specific measures to assess readiness to adopt behaviors for healthier lives, no such instrument exists for assessing willingness to adopt healthy financial behaviors. This paper describes a simple measure to assess the stages of financial behavior change based on the Retirement Personality Profiler (RPP), which was developed to assess Retirement Personality Type (RPT) for the annual Retirement Confidence Survey (RCS) (Employee Benefit Research Institute, 1999). Based on 15 questions, the RPP categorizes respondents into one of five RPTs: deniers, strugglers, impulsives, savers, or planners. In 1999, the RCS began collecting information on the characteristics of the five RPT groups annually. The 2007 RCS represents the 17th year of the survey. )


Tree encoding is a very useful mechanism to check ancestor-descendant relationships of the nodes in a tree structure, by which each node is associated with a pair of integers that can be used to characterize the reachability. Recently, this method is extended to directed graphs (digraph for short) G by associating each node in G with a pair sequence. However, no approach is reported to minimize such pair sequences. In this paper, we address this issue and propose an efficient algorithm that is always able to generate minimized pair sequences. The algorithm runs in O(bmiddote + bmiddotnmiddotradicb) time and O(bmiddot n), where n and e are the numbers of the nodes and edges of a DAG, respectively; and b is the DAG's width.


The article discusses the content of the principle of limitation of foreign interference in the election process and the correlation of public and private interests in the field of election law.


Facial expression manipulation plays an increasingly important role in the field of computer graphics and has been widely used in generating facial animations. However, it is still a very challenging task as it needs full understanding of the input face and very depending on the facial appearance. In this paper, we present an end-to-end generative adversarial network for facial expression synthesis. Given the facial landmarks and the expression label of a target image, our method automatically generates a corresponding expression facial image with the identity information and facial details well preserved. Both qualitative and quantitative experiments are conducted on the CK+ and Oulu-CASIA datasets. Experimental results show that our method has the compelling perceptual results even there exist large differences in facial shapes for unseen subjects.


Primary multiple tumors are an independent emergence and development two or more neoplasms in one patient. Thus can be the struck not only different bodies of various systems, but pair bodies (mammary glands, lungs, etc.) also, and one body with multicentric defeat. Primary multiple tumors can be synchronous and metachronous. The increase in frequency of multiple neoplasms is noted in recent years. The factors influencing growth of incidence of malignant primary multiple tumors are: increase in average duration of life as in general, and after successful treatment of oncological diseases; increase of intensity of cancerogenic influences, urbanization, accumulation of a hereditary burdeness, improvement of diagnosis of oncological diseases. Insufficient knowledge of doctors of possibility of multiple tumoral defeat, often, is the reason of that after detection of one malignant tumor possibility of existence of other tumors isn't taken into account and therefore purposeful research of other parts of body in which the tumor, and also other bodies developed in certain cases isn't made. Also, considering the opportunity of development of metachronous tumors, postoperative monitoring of the patient condition has to become an important aspect of tactics of treatment of the patients with this pathology.


Background: Malaria is a life-threatening parasitic disease, and pregnant women are at risk of its adverse consequences. Objectives: The study aimed to determine knowledge and preventive practices against malaria among pregnant women at urban and rural public health facilities in Abuja, Nigeria. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study design was used. The two-stage sampling method was used to select 520 pregnant women in 16 health facilities. A structured questionnaire was used for data collection. Data analysis was done using SPSS statistical software version 22.0, and the level of statistical significance was determined at P-value of less than 0.05. Results: The mean age of respondents was 29.6±4.6 and 27.9±4.9 years in urban and rural areas, respectively (P≤0.001). A significantly higher proportion of women in the urban area (44.2%) had good knowledge of malaria than those in the rural area (26.2%) (P < 0.001). Comparable proportions of respondents in urban (13.1%) and rural (23.1%) areas had good preventive practices against malaria (P = 0.218). The predictor of good knowledge of malaria in the urban area was using secondary health facilities for antenatal care [95% confidence interval (CI): 1.3–4.4], whereas tertiary education (95% CI=1.1–2.3) and utilizing secondary health facilities (95% CI=1.2–2.8) were predictors in the rural area. Predictors of good preventive practice included being self-employed (95% CI=1.5–11.6) and having good knowledge of malaria (95% CI=1.3–6.4) in the urban area. Conclusion: Minor proportions of respondents in the study area had good knowledge of, and good preventive practices against, malaria. There is a need for relevant authorities to enlighten women on malaria and its preventive practices and to motivate them to practice malaria prevention throughout pregnancies.


Thanks to the structure of DEM,the slope can not be treated as a continuous variable for calculating and storing.The general method is to divide slope into several parts,and then to find a way of conversion of different resolutions.In the researches on accuracy of slope derived from DEMs of different resolutions,the general way is collecting plenty of data,then generalizing to the conclusions by lots of calculating.If we can find a way to build a model,then calculate the parameters in the model,and the conversion will be easy to get in any region.A feasible way is to build the model on the property of the topography itself,and then we test it.Advantages and faults could be valuable materials for further research.


The different forms of Hamiltonian for the coupled system consisting of the electromagnetic field and a non-relativistic charged particle are considered in the context of gauge-transformation theory. The conventional Lagrangian of the system in an arbitrary gauge is converted to a new form by transformation to another arbitrary gauge, and a new formulation of the theory is obtained by expressing the new Lagrangian in terms of the initial potentials. Thus different gauge transformations produce different momenta ∏ conjugate to the initial vector potential A, and hence different forms of Hamiltonian. The transformations that produce the Coulomb-gauge and Power-Zienau-Woolley (P. Z. W.) Hamiltonians are considered in detail. It is shown that ∏ is transverse in both cases and only the transverse part of A is accordingly involved in the field quantization; neither the longitudinal part of A nor the scalar potential appears explicitly, the instantaneous Coulomb energies being included via an electronic polarization determined by the gauge generator. The transformations between gauges are illustrated by simple diagrammatic representations of A and ∏. Compararison with the commonly used unitary transformation derivation of the P. Z. W. Hamiltonian emphasizes the need for a careful reinterpretation of the physical significance of ∏ after the unitary transformation has been made.


A robust synthesis of (5Z,8Z,11Z,13E)(15S)-15-hydroxyeicosa-5,8,11,13-tetraenoic acid (15(S)-HETE) sodium salt was established, utilising a biooxidation process. Treatment of arachidonic acid with soybean lipoxidase in 0.1 M sodium tetraborate buffer under oxygen pressure resulted in formation of the hydroperoxide, 15(S)-HPETE. Addition of sodium borohydride to the reaction mixture reduced the hydroperoxide to 15(S)-HETE, which was then purified by column chromatography. 15(S)-HETE sodium salt was prepared by treatment of an ethanol solution of HETE with aqueous sodium hydrogen carbonate. Multiple 10-g batches of 15(S)-HETE sodium salt with >98% enantiomeric excess and >98% chemical purity were prepared to support clinical trials.


Small lifetime caused by solid tip disruption from pulse and accumulation of these damages is the principle drawback of multiple-tip solid emitters, which are widely used in modem scientific and industrial devices. In comparison with solid tip, emitter of liquid tip restores its initial form after explosion because the tip's radius is determined by balance between ponderomotive forces of applied electric field and surface tension of liquid metal. The latter circumstance causes practically unlimited lifetime in the explosive and field emission modes operation of multiple-tip liquid emitter by sufficient reserve of metal.


Methods of dynamic equivalence based on some kind of consistency have been proposed to reduce the computational effort required in studies of the behavior of electric power systems. The coherency in power systems refers to the property of the elements of these systems present in the time domain responses similar during the occurrence of a transient in these systems. The work presented here seeks to determine whether the behavior of sets of coherent bars can provide information on the stability of the electric power system. The major contribution of this paper is to present a methodology based on the use of artificial intelligence, that regardless of the accuracy of the modeling and the parameters commonly adopted to represent the electric power system, allows to obtain information on their current behavior as well as short-term prediction of their future behavior.


A Differential Plunger device for measuring the lifetimes of Unbound Nuclear States (DPUNS) is currently being built at the University of Manchester. The plunger has been designed to be able to work with the proton-, alpha-, beta- and isomer-tagging methods using the JUROGAM II - RITU - GREAT setup at the University of Jyväskylä, Finland. Valuable nuclear-structure information can be investigated from the measurement of lifetimes in proton-and alpha-unbound nuclei. To date, nuclear structure information from proton emission has been obtained from a comparison of the experimentally measured half-life with that predicted from various tunnelling calculations. A crucial parameter required to perform these calculations is the deformation of the parent nucleus involved in the decay, which in all cases to date, has only ever been estimated or calculated from theory. DPUNS aims to address this logical weakness through the measurement of the lifetimes of excited states in these unbound nuclei. The first measurement of a lifetime in a proton-unbound nucleus was recently obtained for 109I. The results from this measurement were discussed along with the future physics programme that can be performed with DPUNS.


This supplement provides welfare results not contained in the main text and a proof of Lemma A.1. For small bonuses, a mixed equilibrium exists if and only if a downward equilibrium exists; if so, it is unique. For large bonuses, we find a unique candidate for mixed equilibrium and show that mixed and upward equilibria cannot co-exist. Also, we give an example for equal biases, where this candidate is indeed a mixed equilibrium. However, when biases are different enough and the bonus is high, a mixed equilibrium does not exist. Though a general analytical comparison is infeasible, we show that mixed equilibria are inferior to upward equilibrium or simple delegation in various special cases.


Convolution Neural Network (CNN) is a state of the art machine learning algorithm. For CNN accelerator implementations, fixed-point and floating-point are two typical numeric representations. Because of the effects of rounding, reducing the word length would save the hardware and the power overheads while sacrificing the computation accuracy. The inherent robustness of neural network makes it possible to maintain the classification accuracy with very limited word length. Therefore, for the CNN accelerator designs, the primary issue is to determine the optimal arithmetic and the associated word length. In this paper, we developed the analytical error models to investigate the finite word length impacts of fixed-point and floating-point arithmetic in the test phase of CNN, respectively. It is revealed that the rounding errors are accumulated during the layer-wise convolution. Therefore, with the augment of network scale, the required word lengths for fixed-point and floating-point are both increased.


The article reveals the relevance of the study of managerial and historical preconditions for the formation of the institute of territorial communities. The purpose of the study is to identify and generalize the managerial and historical preconditions for the formation of the institution of territorial communities in Ukraine. It is shown that the formation of the institution of territorial community in the managerial and historical perspective testified to a long way of transformation of approaches to ensuring spatial socio-economic development. It is outlined that modern new challenges are forcing the world community to change the dominants of globalization processes. Under such circumstances, the functionality of territorial communities on a national scale may continue to increase. It is proved that the glocalization model of community development management will prevail in view of the effective advantages as the provision of quality social services to the population. It was found out that the balancing of powers of central, regional and local government institutions should be carried out based on the standards of living. There are various discussions about the expediency of decentralization of power and strengthening the functionality of territorial communities, including independent subjects of cooperation. According to world experience, decentralization of power is not always accompanied by decentralization of resources to finance new competencies and, as a result, a significant imbalance between delegated new powers and available financial resources has led to reduced or poor provision of social services to the population. However, democratic societies have not yet found a more effective model of public administration. Therefore, the question is not in the shortcomings of the institution of territorial communities, but in the implementation of decentralization reforms. One of the directions of the new functionality of communities is the wide opportunities for cooperation at different levels. These issues in the domestic theory of public administration are still insufficiently disclosed and require proper attention of scientists and practitioners. The applied significance of the research results is to identify the best prerequisites for the development of the institute of territorial communities. The scientific novelty of the research results is the development of aspects of inter-institutional delegation of powers in the management of the development of the territorial community.
Keywords: governance; decentralization; territorial communities; local government; development.


With the maturity and proliferation of Software-Defined Networking (SDN), there has been an increasing number of network deployments that provide dedicated connections through on-demand and in- advance scheduling in support of data-intensive applications for global scientific collaboration. In such dedicated network environments, bandwidth scheduling serves as a key technique to improve the utilization of network resources and meet diverse user requests. In this paper, we formulate a periodic bandwidth scheduling problem to maximize the number of satisfied user requests for variable slot-bandwidth reservation under deadline constraint on a network path, referred to as VSBR- DC. We show that VSBR-DC is NP-complete, and propose a bandwidth scheduling algorithm based on optimal scheduling order and allocation strategy, referred to as OSOAS-BS. Extensive simulation results show that OSOAS-BS has a superior performance in terms of scheduling success ratio over three heuristic algorithms designed for performance comparison, and may be used to facilitate scientific collaboration that requires VSBR- based reservation services for coordinated data transfer over high- speed network links.


An oral history with Mr. Hien Nguyen, born in 1943 in Ha Noi, Vietnam. He was a Vietnamese air force officer during the Viet Nam War. His father was Cat Tuong, the artist who designed the modern ao dai. The interview focused on his experiences as a military officer in Vietnam, and experience in the United States. He worked for the Flying Tiger and traveled to the United States by himself. He left Vietnam right before the Fall of Saigon and ended up resettling in Los Angeles, Calfornia.


This paper proposes a methodology for taxonomic, phylogenetic and ecological analyses based on enamel distribution in the crown of the tooth. Enamel units (EU) and morphological units (MU) are defined, which can be used to identify both genera and species, and also morphotypes in populations closely located in time. The biological character of the enamel units allows us to propose hypotheses on the genetic characteristics of fossil populations.Mammals, herbivores, Arvicolidae, enamel, methodology, taxonomy, biostratigraphy.


In studies and anecdotal evidence, a relationship between vibration in heavy vehicles and driver fatigue has been assumed, without supporting data. A literature review identified a few studies showing a possible association between fatigue and low frequency vibration that is typical of the vibration frequencies experienced by heavy vehicle drivers. An experimental study would be needed to determine whether the effect of vibration would be noticeable among known contributors to fatigue. Research has also associated whole body vibration exposure with adverse health effects on the human body. Limited available data suggests that exposure to vibration of Australian heavy vehicle drivers may be high, putting drivers at risk to health. A field study of vibration levels experienced by Australian truck drivers would be necessary to determine actual vibration exposure levels and establish standards for trucks sold in Australia.


Objective:To summarize the surgical treatment and effect of spinal cavernous angioma.Methods:The presentation,image features,pathological characteristics and the therapeutic outcomes of 15 patients treated during 2004~2008 were analyzed retrospectively.Results:All angiomas were totally dismoved.The postoperative neurological function of spinal cord was obviously improved in 14 patients,unchanged in 1 patient.No deaths occurred.There was no any case of resuscitation after 6 months to 48 months follow-up.Conclusion:Early diagnosis and treatment are the effective way to recover function.Complete resection as possible can contribute to functional recovery.


Many physical constants related to quantized gravity, e.g., the Planck length, mass, curvature, stressenergy, etc., are nonanalytic in G at G = 0, and thus have expansions in powers of G whose terms are progressively more divergent with increasing order. Since the gravity field's classical action is inversely proportional to G , the path integral for gravity-field quantum transition amplitudes shows that these depend on G only through the product ħG , and are nonanalytic in G at G = 0 for the same reason that all quantum transition amplitudes are nonanalytic in ħ at ħ = 0, namely their standard oscillatory essential singularity at the classical 'limit'. Thus perturbation expansions in powers of G of gravity-field transition amplitudes are also progressively more divergent with increasing order, and hence unrenormalizable. While their perturbative treatment is impossible, the exceedingly small value of ħ G makes the semiclassical treatment of these amplitudes extraordinarily accurate, indeed to such an extent that purely classical treatment of the gravity field ought to always be entirely adequate. It should therefore be fruitful to couple classical gravity to other fields which actually need to be quantized: those fields' ubiquitous, annoying ultraviolet divergences would thereupon undergo drastic self-gravitational red shift, and thus be cut off.


BACKGROUND/AIMS Hyperhomocyst(e)inaemia has been identified as a strong risk factor for stroke, myocardial infarction, and deep vein thrombosis. A point mutation of methylene tetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR C677T) has been associated with increased plasma homocyst(e)ine levels. To investigate whether hyperhomocyst(e)inaemia and/or MTHFR C677T mutation are associated with non-arteritic ischaemic optic neuropathy (NAION), a case-control study including 59 consecutive patients with NAION and 59 controls matched for age and sex was performed. METHODS Fasting plasma homocyst(e)ine levels, MTHFR C677T genotypes, and plasma levels of folate and vitamin B-12 were determined. RESULTS Mean plasma homocyst(e)ine levels were significantly higher in patients than in controls (11.8 (SD 5.7) μmol/l v 9.8 (2.5) μmol/l, p = 0.02). The odds ratio for patients with homocyst(e)ine levels exceeding the 95th percentile of control homocyst(e)ine levels was 5.8 (95% CI 1.5–21.4). Mean plasma folate levels were significantly lower in patients than in controls (4.3 (1.7) ng/mlv 5.5 (1.9) ng/ml, p = 0.001), whereas plasma vitamin B-12 levels did not differ significantly. Prevalence of the MTHFR C677T mutation was not significantly increased in patients with NAION compared with controls. CONCLUSION These results suggest that hyperhomocyst(e)inaemia, but not MTHFR C677T mutation is associated with NAION. Determination of plasma homocyst(e)ine levels might be of diagnostic value in patients with NAION.


Transverse dunes and linear dunes are simulated numerically in order to make clear the mechanism of the formation of two kinds of typical sand dunes. The numerical method employed in this study can be divided into three parts: (i) Calculation of the air flow above the sand dunes; (ii) Estimation of the sand transfer caused by the flow through the friction; (iii) Determination of the shape of the sand ground. Since the computational area has been changed due to the last step, these procedures are repeated until typical shapes of the sand dunes are formed. One kind of the simulated dunes, which is formed by one wind direction, becomes essentially parallel straight ridges at right angle to the wind direction with only one slip-face on the lee side, which is known as the transverse dunes; The other one, which is formed by two directional wind, becomes essentially parallel straight ridge at the converging direction with two slip-faces on both sides, which is known as linear dunes.


Syzygium cuminii (L) skeel commonly known as 'jamun' is widely used in Indian folk medicine for the treatment of diabetes Mellitus. The present study an attempt has been made to produce a complete analytical and chemical profile of the isolated constituents of root's of syzygium cuminii(L) skeel. The pharmacological and pharmaceutical work is going on in our laboratory.


G. Birkhoff [1] investigated a linear operator T which is supposed to be defined on Bnch lgebr A, nd stisfies, for 11 f nd g in A, the identity: T(fT(g)) T(f)T(g). It turns out that very interesting class of operators stisfy this weakened form of the condition that T ssocite with multipliction. Birkhoff showed that if A is the algebr of rel vlued continuous functions on compact Hausdorff space Y, and if in addition to the bove identity T is positive nd idempotent, then (1) Y my be decomposed into slices, nd on ech slice T(f) is n verage of the vlues of f on this slice, nd (2) if Y is topological group, nd, in addition to the above requirements, T commutes with right translation, then T is convolution on the left by Hair measure of a subgroup. (Definitions nd more precise statements of these theorems occur in the text.) This last result suggests a connection with result of Kwd nd It5 [4], who showed that positive, finite, idempotent (under convolution) mesure on compact topological group is necessarily Hair mesure on some subgroup. The purpose of this note is to exhibit this connection nd to extend the results mentioned bove. Let X be a locally compact Hausdorff space, let C(X) be the algebra of continuous real valued functions on X which vanish at , and let an operator T on C(X) be called averaging if condition (1) of the preceding paragraph holds. The results of this note are (1) T is averaging if and onlyif T(fT(g)) T(f)T(g). (2) If T is positive and idempotent, then T is averaging if and only if the range of T is a subalgebra of C(X). (3) If X is a topological group, then T commutes with right translation if and only if T is convolution on the left by a finite signed measure m. (4) Given the hypothesis of (3) and the fact that T is averaging, then m is :t: Haar measure on a compact subgroup of X. (5) On a locally compact topological group X, a finite (nonnegative) measure which is idempotent under convolution is necessarily Haar measure on a compact subgroup (proved for X compact by Kawada and It5 [4]). Finally, we note in Section 4 that ttalmos' form of a theorem of Dieudonn [3] is a consequence of the earlier results. The theorem in question, which states that a certain Radon-Nikodym differentiation is averaging, arises from the general probabilistic question as to when a conditional expectation has "nice" properties. The work of Moy [5], characterizing conditional expectation as a linear operator, contains this theorem and many other results in this direction, and the theorem in question has been vastly extended by Maharam [7]. As a matter of convenience, not necessity, the discussion is limited to alge-


Fall Army worm Spodoptera frugiperda (J E Smith) is a devastating, polyphagous pest which entered India during 2018, starting from Karnataka and spreading to other states. This study on its native parasitoids and their parasitisation efficiency in maize crop under Punjab conditions. The S. frugiperda larvae were collected during kharif 2019 and 2020, and it was found that no parasitoids could be observed in 2019, as the pest recently invaded the crop in late season. But, during kharif 2020, two types of parasitoids were observed - Campoletis sp. (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae) and Chelonus formosanus Sonan (Hymenoptera: Braconidae); these which existed as natural enemies of Chilo partellus were found to adapt effectively with the new invasive pest. The parasitism rate of 21.92 and 16.33% was observed for the Campoletis sp. and Chelonus formosanus, respectively.


This study analyzes crisis communication strategy of a Chinese multinational technology enterprise on social media and tests the effectiveness of the crisis response. This study conducts quantitati ...


Objective This article reports the successful surgical management of a case of giant bilateral carotid body tumors(CBT),and summarizes the experience in its diagnosis and treatment.Methods A case of suspected giant bilateral CBT was confirmed by clinical signs and dual source CT,and the tumors at both sides were resected at once.Results The operation was successful,but after surgery the patient developed transient hypertension,asphyxia,gastro-esophagus contraflow,hoarseness,and dysphagia,which were all cured at the discharge.Conclusion The key to the resection of complicated CBT is the protection of the cranial nerve from injury,and it is advisable to resect giant bilateral CBT at different times,for one-time surgery may involve more complications and higher risks.


The structure of a complex networked system can be modeled as a graph with nodes representing the agents and the links describing a notion of dynamic coupling between them. Data-driven methods to identify such influence pathways is central to many application domains. However, such dynamically related data-streams originating at different sources are prone to corruption caused by asynchronous time-stamps, packet drops and noise. In this article, we provide a tight characterization of the connectivity structure of the agents that can be constructed based solely on measured data streams that are corrupted. A necessary and sufficient condition that delineates the effects of corruption on a set of nodes is obtained. Here, the generative system that yields the data admits nonlinear dynamic influences between agents and can involve feedback loops. Directed information based concepts are utilized in conjunction with tools from graphical models theory to arrive at the results.


The process of ventricular repolarization and its implications for arrhythmias has attracted much interest during the last decade. As a result, interest in using the body surface electrocardiogram (ECG) to extract relevant information about ventricular repolarization by noninvasive means has also increased. While there are many recent developments about the genesis and clinical applications of the T wave that deserve to be emphasized, this editorial cannot cover all of them, and thus will be biased by focussing on two issues: (1) the probable mechanism of the T-wave inscription in the surface ECG; (2) the arrhythmogenic potential of ventricular repolarization as extractable from noninvasive T-wave analysis.


This study aimed to investigate parturient women's self- reported measures compared with nurses compliance with supportive measures during labour. Setting: This study was conducted at  labour and delivery units in the Mansoura University Hospitals, Egypt. Design: A comparative descriptive study. Subjects: Two sampling were used (18 nurses) that had direct worked with parturient women in labor and delivery unit, sample type was convenient sample and a ninety parturient woman who had given birth in Mansoura university hospital, sample type was purposive sample. Tools: For parturient women, an interviewing questionnaire schedule, labor supportive measures questionnaire, and woman's satisfaction questionnaire, for nurses, observational checklist of labor support measures and barriers questionnaire sheet. Results: The study findings showed that based on the parturient women's self report,the most supportive measures received were physical followed by emotional supportive measures during second, third and fourth stage of labour (64.6 ± 25.21, 60.3 ± 25.67, respectively) and received less emotional and physical support during first stage (38.1 ± 27.92, 32.5 ± 14.16, respectively). The overall total score of labor supportive measures were (46.4 ± 11.16) based on a self report by parturient women. Also, the majorty of nurses did not comply with providing labor supportive measures and the overall total score of labor supportive measures were low (31.1 ± 10.30). Else, there was a highly a statistically significant relation between women's self-reported supportive measures and nurses compliance with supportive measures in all domains (P<0.001) except physical supportive measures during first stage of labor (P = 0.247). Too much emergency situation and administrative work were the main barrier that prevents nurses to comply with providing supportive measures. Most of  parturient women were unsatisfied with the perceived supportive measures. Conclusion: The results of the study concluded that there was a highly statistically significant relationship between parturient women's self- reported measures and nurses, compliance with supportive measures in all domains except physical supportive measures during first stage of labor. Recommendation: Designed and implemented program for enhancing  nurses, compliance with supportive  measures  during  labour by woman health and midwifery nursing department staff.


Al2O3-SiO2/AZ91D magnesium composite materials with compacted structure were prepared from aluminium silicate fibre and AZ91D magnesium alloy.The preparation technique for the composite materials was introduced.The suitable conditions for squeeze casting technique are as follows: 650 ℃ substrates temperature, 550 ℃ die temperature,760 ℃ moulding temperature and 30~50 MPa pressure.The materials were characterized by XRD,SEM,OM and EDS.The results showed the materials were mostly composed of Mg,β-Mg17Al12、MgO、AlPO4、3Al2O3·2SiO2 and Mg2Si crystals and so on.MgO and Chinese-character-type Mg2Si phases were produced by the reaction between the magnesium alloy and aluminium silicate fibre crystallized.Meanwhile,a closely-bonded layer was formed at the interface between the matrix magnesium and the fibre.The hardness and oil lubrication properties of the composite materials are higher than those of the magnesium alloy.


ABSTRACT The house crow (Corvus splendens) is globally recognised as a pest. It is an invasive species that can populate Malaysia's urban landscape and urban coastal areas. C. splendens was imported from Sri Lanka to Klang, Malaysia, in the 1890s to control caterpillars on coffee plantations. After a few decades, crows are able to adapt and co-exist with humans as a result of significant growth in the human population and urbanization. These urban pests are important due to the large volume of faecal droppings on buildings and near human dwellings. In other parts of the world, house crows can transmit pathogens and diseases such as chlamydiosis, salmonellosis, colibacillosis, and avian tuberculosis. They also carry human pathogens such as Salmonella spp., Shigella serotypes, Vibrionaceae spp., Newcastle disease virus (NDV), avian influenza virus (AIV) and West Nile virus (WNV) that can be transmitted to humans through their faeces. The first AIV transmission from birds to humans that caused a pandemic was alarming because of the risk of AIV and other avian virus transmission from birds. This prompted investigations into crow populations in urban centres. This review details the potential of C. splendens to spread AIV, NDV and WNV in Malaysia's highly urbanized areas.


General conceptions of quality management in education are discussed. It is shown that to make decisions of quality control more reliable and objective quantitative evaluation approaches should be used. The approach should be consisting of two stages: 1. elaboration of unitary scaling systems for student's grades and 2. clear definition of quality standards. The first stage can be realized by means of equating methodology, particularly by means of equipercentile equating whereas the second one – by means of methodology of contingency tables. The methods allow: 1.comparing of distributions of grades of different subjects in different times and 2. on the base of historical (for the given educational institution) teaching level data specifying quality standards and their confidence levels.


The paper is devoted to automatic detection of rhythm in fiction and investigation of how rhythm of prosaic texts changed over 19th–21st centuries, based on results of such detection. The authors developed algorithms, which extract rhythm figures related to word repetitions (anaphora, epiphora, polysyndeton, etc.), and visualized their statistical features in plots and heat maps by decades on the material of British and Russian literature. The experiments allowed to find rhythm changes over periods and give interpretation of their reasons from a linguistic point of view.


This study presents the analytical results of blood samples of suspected impaired drivers during a four year period and compares the medicinal drugs detected in the blood samples with the use of these driving impairing medicines in The Netherlands. In 2009-2012, the blood alcohol concentrations of 9047 samples have been determined and 82 per cent of the samples tested positive. In addition, 3038 blood samples have been analyzed for drugs and in 94 per cent of the cases drugs were detected. Medicinal drugs were detected in 33 per cent of the drug cases, including poly-medicinal drug use in 37 per cent of the positive medicinal drug cases. Anxiolytics have the highest prevalence of 19 per cent in the population of suspected impaired drivers. Followed by hypnotics and sedatives (13 per cent), medicinal opiates (6.9 per cent), antidepressants (4.5 per cent) and antiepileptics (1.1 per cent). The prevalences of these medicinal drug groups in the general Dutch population are about two or three times lower for anxiolytics (6.9 per cent), hypnotics and sedatives (5.5 per cent), and antiepileptics (0.34 per cent), compared to suspected impaired drivers. Medicinal opiates have about the same prevalence in both populations, which could be a result of the criteria used for the categorization of these substances. Antidepressants have a higher prevalence in the general Dutch population possibly due to differences in characteristics of the study populations (e.g. tolerance development and age). Overall, the results show that the prevalence of the selected medicinal drugs in suspected impaired drivers is higher than the prevalence of medicinal drugs in the general population. More research is needed to study the prevalence of all medicines that affect the driving performance.


An experimental study was made of single fibers rotating and bending in Couette flow of a Newtonian liquid. A previous result for critical fiber buckling was re-tested and found satisfactory, and the transition between 'springy' and 'snake' rotation was delineated. The minimum radius, of curvature achieved during rotation in the "snake orbit" regime was measured as a function of fiber aspect ratio, Young's modulus, and fluid shear stress. Two correlations are presented which are constrained to satisfy limiting conditions for very stiff and very flexible fibers. Together with a result from thin rod theory, these correlations may be used to predict breaking conditions for fibers of known Young's modulus and ultimate tensile strength. Predictions are tested in experiments where two types of glass fiber are broken in suspension and found satisfactory. Results show that several reinforcing materials will probably break within the range of conditions covered by our experiments, or in a region which can be treated by extrapolation from our results.


It is argued that Nigeria must focus on effective environmentally protective intensive farming, resource management methods, and strong family planning programs. Other contributory factors are recognized as the lack of democracy and the "ill-advised" internal policies of the government. The emphasis is on man-made decisions about migration, natality, and land use practices that have ecological consequences that significantly affect the economy. Land degradation in Nigeria is attributed to improper agricultural and husbandry practices. Land degradation has severe ecological, economic, and human costs. Awareness of environmental problems in Nigeria is growing. Natural disasters such as the droughts of 1984-85, continued soil depletion, accumulations of soil wastes, increased flooding in urban areas, and land erosion in Anambra state are evidence of the growing environmental problems. Agricultural development should involve changing rural land use practices, using technology that is "appropriate" to the climate, crops, and culture of the people, and introducing agroforestry. Population growth in Nigeria puts pressure on the fragile ecosystem. Actual carrying capacity is a rough calculation. Nigeria's population growth patterns follow a pattern that suggests population pressure on carrying capacity. The acceleration of population growth has strained the traditional system of agriculture. Land is overused, and cultivation continues on unsuitable land. Domestic policies during the oil boom encouraged rapid industrialization at the expense of the environment. Migration increased to urban centers, but cities did not provide suitable housing, waste disposal, safe water supplies, and other basic facilities.


Background
Maternal Mortality Rate (MMR) is an indicator that reflects various aspects including the quality of healthcare from clinical standpoint, the quality of healthcare system, the quality of health insurance, the quality of referral systems and non-health aspects that related to healthcare such as economic, social, cultural, and education aspects. In order to reduce MMR, healthcare quality of maternity services should be increased. Patient satisfaction is one of indicators for healthcare quality. In this study, we aim to describe patient satisfaction in maternity room of Unggul Karsa Medika Hospital, Bandung, West Java, Indonesia.
Methods
This is a quantitative descriptive study conducted in Maternity Room, Unggul Karsa Medika Hospital, Bandung, West Java, Indonesia. The design of the study was cross-sectional. The research was conducted from April to June 2022. Minimal total sample of 97. Total sample that obtained in this study was 150 subjects. Sampling method used in this study was consecutive sampling.
Results
Percentage of total patient satisfaction of maternity room were slightly increasing from April to June 2022, with highest value was in June 2022 of 94,2%. Four out of six elements of patient satisfaction were increasing, which were speed of services, friendliness and responsiveness, clarity of information and instructions, and completeness of infrastructure and facilities.
Conclusion
Unggul Karsa Medika Hospital through its excellence service of maternity room has played a significant role to reduce maternal mortality rate in Indonesia, since good and increasing results in patient satisfaction of maternity room service from April to June 2022.


The global objective of the recently completed Phase 1 of the West Virginia Diesel Study, at West Virginia University, was to evaluate mass emission rates of exhaust emissions from diesel powered equipment specified by the West Virginia Diesel Equipment Commission. The experimental data generated in this study has been utilized by the West Virginia Diesel Equipment Commission to promulgate initial rules, requirements and standards governing the operation of diesel equipment in underground coal mines.


Adjacency neighborhood effects such as neighbor interactions or perceived neighborhood quality have been neglected in the housing literature due to a lack of data. We investigate the impact of these effects on the housing wealth perceived by homeowners. Using a national longitudinal survey, we find that perceived neighborhood quality positively impacts owner-assessed home values. However, this effect is driven by homeowners ' assessment of their neighborhoods ' quality relative to other neighborhoods rather than their neighborhoods ' perceived cleanliness or upkeep. Depending on the financial characteristics of homeowners, we also find neighbor interactions and perceived neighborhood safety to have a significant rela- tion with self-assessed home values. Trust and support among neighbors and joint feel of the home and neighborhood on the other hand have no relation with estimated values. While neighbor- hood quality consistently explains owner-assessed values, home quality only has a relation with value estimates for homeowners with certain financial characteristics. Considering the importance of perceived housing wealth for household financial decisions as well as transaction prices, our findings have implications for policy makers and developers.


The present invention relates to a back surface of the semiconductor integrated film. The present invention provides a semiconductor integrated film back surface, comprising: a substrate and a pressure sensitive adhesive layer disposed on the substrate on the dicing tape; and the pressure sensitive adhesive layer disposed on the the back surface of flip chip type semiconductor film, wherein the flip chip type semiconductor back surface film containing a black pigment.


Objective: To develop a proper assay for identifying single nucleotide polymorphism(SNP) of PON2 gene.Methods: PCR primers were designed by create restriction site(CRS) method,then PCR-RFLP was adopted to identify the SNP in PON2 gene.Results: One primer pair can get target products containing PON2 SNP site by PCR,restriction enzymes BSMAI were adopted to identify the SNP site.The results of PCR and RFLP were good.Conclusion: It suggested that the method of detecting the SNP of PON2 by CRS-PCR-RFLP theory was facility,economy,and rapid.


Coronary heart disease kills twice as many women as breast cancer in the UK and is the single biggest killer of women worldwide. Underlying risk factors include hypertension, diabetes, hyperlipidaemia, obesity and smoking. Mulder and colleagues have performed a systematic review and meta-analysis of the literature and demonstrated that women with infertility are significantly more likely to have certain cardiometabolic risk factors, namely increased BMI, cholesterol and triglycerides, when compared with fertile women.


Study Aim: to assess the possible risk factors of congenital anomalies and its patterns in Baghdad city.Methodology: a cross sectional design carried out in NICU at two main governmental pediatric hospitals in Baghdad city. Sixteen newborns medically diagnosed with congenital anomalies were involved at time of data collection. The instrument of the study concerned with newborns and their mothers' data related to the possible risk factors that may lead to congenital anomalies. The data were analyzed by using SPSS program.Results: the result of the study revealed that (60%) of neonate were boys, and (48.3%) was preterm. For systematic body anomalies (30%) documented for gastrointestinal system, (26.7%) cardiovascular and (23.3%) central nervous system. The result also showed (66.7%) of mother > 34 years, (61.7%) with BMI ? 30, (56.6%) with hypertension, (63.3%) anaemic, (60%) self medication, (80%) have positive family history, (58.3%) lived near mobile station, (56.6%) consanguinity, (70%) did not take folic acid, (65%) with low socioeconomic status.Conclusion: most common anomalies were gastrointestinal, cardiovascular, and central nervous system. Elder mothers, increased BMI, chronic diseases, consanguinity, positive family history, and low socioeconomic status were related to increased incidence of congenital anomalies.Recommendation: increased health awareness about the antenatal check up, concern about neonatal exam for early diagnosis, and folic acid supplements during pregnancy period.


In this paper, the static and dynamic torque capacities of the cocured joints were observed with respect to several bonding parameters such as surface roughness, bonding length and stacking angle and compared with those of conventional adhesively bonded joints. In order to analyze the stresses of the cocured joint, finite element analysis was performed incorporating the nonlinear shear behavior of epoxy resin. The dependence of the static torque capacities on the bonding parameters was investigated numerically.


Global positioning system find nearby location street address, city, country and zip code. Also show you are way to reach the place with speed of travelling. The application is used for students to find the location of their buses while waiting for the bus .It provides automatically emergence call to the particular location .Application is finding nearby bus stop location using GPS to send message to the student of the next stop location before the reaches there. According to the project when a vehicle meets with an accident immediately vibration sensor will detect the signals or the rolls over and the alert message is send through the GSM modem including the location to police control room or a recues team.


This paper, written as a deliverable of the DAMOCLES project, is a review of the different existing methodologies to landslide hazard mapping by multivariate statistics. Within the DAMOCLES project, multivariate statistical models have been applied to different study regions in Italy and Spain. The experience gained has allowed to write this revision, addressing to the differences and advantages of the different tested procedures.


Asymptotic contribution of critical point in a one-dimensional integral two critical points in a one-dimensional integral three close critical points in a one-dimensional integral uniform asymptotics of two-fold integrals problems of diffraction and wave propagation special functions coefficients of special function expansion in Chebyshev's polynomials.


The microstrip resonator technique is a convenient way to sensitively measure the temperature dependence of the magnetic penetration depth, λ(T), in superconducting thin films. Because the method relies on measuring the resonant frequency of a microwave transmission line resonator, one can very precisely measure small changes in λ(T). This technique can resolve changes in λ on the order of several angstroms, allowing a direct measurement of the low‐temperature behavior of λ(T), which is a measure of the low‐lying pair breaking excitations of the superconductor. Absolute penetration depth values can also be obtained from a self‐consistent fit to the data to an assumed temperature dependence. Measurements of the penetration depth of Nb and NbCN film give results that are consistent with the predictions of BCS theory in which 2Δ/kTc is treated as an adjustable parameter, while YBa2Cu3O7−δ films give results that are not completely understood at this time. We also compare this technique with other methods of ...


The Huaxi Village,known as the Richest Village across China,can be a miracle through 50 years of sustainable development.A paragon of success,the village not only takes the lead in the economic and social development in the country as a whole,but also excites the people and has become fascinating in terms of its cultural construction.In the sustainable development of economy and society,its distinctive cultural ecology has been constructed,which is manifested through the Spirit of Wu Ren-bao,including the factors such as the cultures of enterprises,education,leisure,and architecture and so on,and thus formed an organic entity of culture.The economy and society of the village is developing and thus converging a unique cultural ecology,and vice versa.A survey of the cultural ecology and construction of Huaxi Village has an inspiring effect on the construction of the economy,society,and culture in the building of a new socialist countryside.


Object To optimize the fitting culture media for multiplication of adventitious bud and ra-dication of Dendrobium candidum Wall. ex Lindl. and the length of adventitious bud for succesive transfer multiplication. Methods In the same culture condition, the adventitious bud with different length developed in the various culture media for multiplication and radication. Facing the different growth status, the diversity test and general analysis were carried on for them. Results There were significant difference in different length of adventitious bud, difference between the multiplication and radication of culture media. Conclusion The adventitious buds in (1.2±0.1) cm length are superior for succesive transfer multiplication, MS adding BA 1.0 mg/L, NAA 0.2 mg/L is the best media for the adventitious buds multiplication, 1/2 MS adding NAA 0.2 mg/L is the test media for radication.


Background: Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a cluster of risk factors for cardiovascular disease, atherosclerosis and diabetes mellitus type 2 which may be reduced by practicing regular physical activity. Objective: To assess the leisure-time physical activity (LTPA) of older adults with MetS and without MetS. Methods: Cross-sectional study of older adults (55–80 years old) from Balearic Islands (Spain) with MetS (n = 333; 55% men) and without MetS (n = 144; 43.8% men). LTPA was assessed with the validated Spanish version of the Minnesota LTPA Questionnaire. Two criteria of physically active were used: >150 min/week of moderate physical activity or >75 min/week of vigorous physical activity or a combination of both, and total leisure-time energy expenditure of >300 MET·min/day. Sociodemographic and lifestyle characteristics, anthropometric variables, MetS components, and adherence to the Mediterranean diet (MD) were also measured. Results: MetS subjects showed lower energy expenditure in LTPA, lower adherence to the MD, higher obesity and waist circumference, and were less active than non-MetS peers. LTPA increased as participants got older and there was higher LTPA intensity as educational level increased. Adherence to MD was as high as LTPA was. Conclusions: MetS is associated with physical inactivity and unhealthy diet. To increase LTPA recommendations and raise awareness in the population about the health benefits of PA and high adherence to MD is highly recommended.


Abstract : The surface chemical techniques previously developed in this Laboratory for the removal of oily and/or electrolyte contamination and the displacement of water from electrical and electronic equipment has been applied to the recovery of the equipment and fuselage of an HH 52A Sikorsky helicopter after immersion in sea water. Satisfactory methods were established for reconditioning the fuselage and wiring harness and other equipment attached to it. (Author)


This paper presents a validation of a finite element (FE) model to predict the performance of high strength steel armor against the penetration from M193 bullets. A series of perforation tests were performed on an Armox 600T steel plate. The velocity of bullet was measured using an electronic measuring system. A propellant weight of the bullet was calibrated before the test so as to obtain a desired bullet velocity which meets the test standard. The test results show that only one shot from all tests penetrated a 7 mm of Armox 600T. Generally, a 7mm of Armox 600T is sufficient to withstand the threat level specified in the test standard. An Eulerian FE solver was employed to simulate behavior of a bullet impact. A series of FE analyses varying Eulerian cell sizes were performed in this study so as to obtain converge results. It is found that an element size of 0.035 mm is required for this type of modeling in order to capture a realistic interaction between bullet and armor plate. The FE results of the model with 0.035 mm of cell size conform to the test results in terms of crater depth and crater diameter on the test armors.


With the predominance of producing γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) in milk fermentation as basis, the objective of this study was to investigate the production of high-vitality starter cultures by Lactobacillus plantarum NDC 75017. The strain, isolated from traditional yogurt in Inner Mongolia of China, can produce γ-aminobutyric acid-enriched fermented milk and possesses beneficial properties. In this study, the strain was grown in optimized mMRS media in 3.7 L fully instrumented fermenter to produce biomass. Cells grown in the stationary phase were harvested and freeze dried. The viable cell count was up to 2.22 × 10 11 CFU g _1 of freeze-dried product upon the addition of 8% w/v trehalose, 4% w/v maltodextrin, 4% w/v L-glutamate sodium salt, and 10% w/v skim milk as cryoprotectants. These freeze dried cells were stored at temperatures of 25 ℃ and 4 ℃ and periodically checked for viability and preparation of fermented milk,which showed a higher cell viability and stability after stored at 4 ℃ in 210 days. Based on our result, the high-viability starter cultures could be easily and economically produced.


In 1882 Ernest Gaucher 1 described a form of splenic anemia which he termed "primary idiopathic hypertrophy of the spleen," and which today bears his name. It was not until thirteen years later that Collier 2 in England, and Picou and Ramond 3 in France, described the next cases. In 1900, Bovaird 4 reported the first American case. In 1904, Brill and Mandlebaum 5 added the next case to the literature, in which they described for the first time the occurrence of the large characteristic cells in the bone-marrow, and also added much to the knowledge of the pathology of this disease. Schlagenhaufer, 6 in 1907, reported the first case in the German literature. Since then, cases have been reported at regular intervals and with increased frequency. Mandlebaum, 7 in 1919. stated that up to date there were twenty-one authentic cases on record. Ludwig Pick, 8 in 1926, collected thirty-nine


The present invention provides selective 5-HT7 receptor antagonist compounds of Formula I and their use in the treatment of migraine: where A is —C(H)b or —Nb; m is 0, 1 or 2; R1 is optionally substituted phenyl, optionally substituted pyrazol-4-yl; optionally substituted imidazolyl, optionally substituted pyridyl, or thienyl; R2 is hydrogen or methyl; and R3 and R4 are as defined herein.


Optimized structures for oxalate (C2O4), malonate (O2CCH2CO2), and succinate (O2C(CH2)2CO2) mono- and dianions are computed at the level of second-order Moller−Plesset perturbation theory (MP2). For oxalate, both anions exhibit D2d and D2h rotamers, and in addition, for the singly charged species, we find an anion−molecule complex of the form CO2-·CO2. For the malonate and succinate anions we examine both keto and enol isomers; the keto structures are characterized by unhindered rotation of the CO2 moieties about geometries of C2 symmetry, while the enol isomers are much more rigid as a result of an intramolecular hydrogen bond. In both malonate and succinate, the enol isomer is the more stable form of the monoanion, while the keto isomer is the more stable dianion, although for O2CCH2CO22- the estimated isomerization barrier is only about 7 kcal/mol. All of the dianions are adiabatically unbound and the enol dianions are vertically unbound as well. However, vertical detachment energies calculated by elec...


The problem of scattering of electromagnetic waves from a perfectly conducting grating with a periodic groove structure is considered. A system of dual series equations is derived by enforcing the electromagnetic boundary conditions; this leads to a boundary-value problem that is solved. The mathematics leading to the solution of the dual series system is derived from the equivalent Riemann-Hilbert problem in complex-variable theory and its solution. The solution converges absolutely and makes it possible to obtain analytical results, even where other numerical methods, such as the mode-matching method and spectral iteration methods, are numerically unstable. Consideration is also given to the relative phase values for the diffracted fields. The phase differences between the scattered fields resulting from two orthogonally polarized incident plane waves can be explicitly determined for any incidence angles and for any groove dimensions. Comparisons with results from the mode-matching method and the spectral-iteration method are also presented. >


Considering the influence of electrostatic force edge effect,a model is established to analyze the static deformation of a micro-cantilever with large deflection,and the control equations are changed to first order nonlinear differential equations about the beam bending theory.A semi-analytical semi-numerical method is presented for analyzing micro-cantilever deformation by means of the high precision iterative refinement extended homogeneous capacity integration method,nonlinear equations solution and incremental iterative algorithm.Numerical calculated results show that the method has upper precision and stability,which is an effective method to analyze the deformation of a micro-cantilever.Static characteristics show that the pull-in voltage decreases when edge effects are considered,and the pull-in voltage increases when the influence of large deflection is considered.


The shapes of grapevine leaves have been critical to correctly identify economically important varieties throughout history. The correspondence of homologous features in nearly all grapevine species and varieties has enabled advanced morphometric approaches to mathematically classify leaf shape. These approaches either model leaves through the measurement of numerous vein lengths and angles or measure a finite number of corresponding landmarks and use Procrustean approaches to superimpose points and perform statistical analyses. Hand illustrations, too, play an important role in grapevine identification, as details omitted using the above methods can be visualized. Here, I use a saturating number of pseudo-landmarks to capture intricate, local features in grapevine leaves: the curvature of veins and the shapes of serrations. Using these points, averaged leaf shapes for 60 varieties of wine and table grapes are calculated that preserve features. A pairwise Procrustes distance matrix of the overall morphological similarity of each variety to the other classifies leaves into two main groups—deeply lobed and more entire—that correspond to the measurements of sinus depth by Pierre Galet. Using the system of Galet, pseudo-landmarks are converted into relative distance and angle measurements. Both Galet-inspired and Procrustean methods allow increased accuracy in predicting variety compared to a finite number of landmarks. Using Procrustean pseudo-landmarks captures grapevine leaf shape at the same level of detail as drawings and provides a quantitative method to arrive at mean leaf shapes representing varieties that can be used within a predictive statistical framework.


Decomposition of speech signals into periodic and noise components is widely used in speech coding to facilitate efficient compression. Existing decomposition schemes are too inflexible to model transient changes in the speech signal, require high delay or produce a large parameter set that is not scalable to low rates. This paper proposes a technique that requires only a single frame of speech and produces a scalable decomposition. The latter allows reconstruction accuracy to be varied according to the bit rate available.


From the Publisher:
The key to a Web site's success is its ability to entice surfers to stop at that site, take in what it has to offer, and return at a later date. This guide provides hundreds of tools such as templates, checklists, and forms as well as information on proven techniques like using e-mail, links, and online advertising to increase the number of initial users and repeat visitors to the Web site. Entrepreneurs, small business owners, corporate marketing managers, or consultants who are seeking the know-how to make a Web site successful will benefit from this invaluable resource.
Author Biography: Susan Sweeney, C.A., is president of Connex Network, Inc., an international Internet marketing and consulting firm, and the author of 101 Ways to Promote Your Tourism Web Site. She lives in Dartmouth, Nova Scotia, Canada.

"This is exactly the key information I needed for my Internet marketing campaign." (Jeff Morris, LobsterDirect.com)


Abstrac t. Flange socket is a socket fittings which require a higher production process, and has a large market demand. The complex external shape, high precision connecting parts are very difficult to process. The traditional production engineering caused a great waste of materials and is very low efficient, and the work piece is easy to produce stress concentration. The cold extrusion forming and cutting compared to save raw materials and parts with better performance, longer life. In this paper, a flange socket mold is designed and extrusion forming process is developed through numerical experiments , and the process finally achieved the design requirements.


The ability to map a previously unseen environment is often considered a prerequisite for any truly autonomous robot. Since sensors and motors are often imprecise, it is necessary to find a way to identify and correct error as it accumulates. This problem is often referred to as simultaneous localization and mapping (SLAM), and it has been an active area of research in the field of robotics for the last 20 years. The goal of this project was to implement GraphS LAM [7], a solution to the SLAM problem. This algorithm adjusts the robot positions and the map in order to minimize disagreement between measurements. Ultimately, the algorithm was successfully implemented; however, a small issue with the camera offset still needs to be corrected before the algorithm can be applied to real-world scenarios.


This article mainly deals with the construction of patterns of mental health education in middle and primary school.It is needed to launch mental health education in middle and primary school,which will contribute not only to social and era development,pupils'all-round development and quality-oriented education,but also to strengthening and improving moral education in the school.To construct patterns of distinct Chinese characteristics,it is necessary to determine types of patterns,widen the content,improve methods and build teachers crew in mental health education in middle and primary school.


The dispersion relation for symmetrical TM electromagnetic surface waves propagating in a plasma waveguide with a strongly magnetized plasma column and a dielectric rod is investigated. The growth rate for excitation of these waves is obtained and its dependence on the radius of the annular beam, current intensity and accelerating voltage are investigated.


In this paper, a solar-pumping system based on a single-stage photovoltaic generation topology is presented. A standard two-level three-phase inverter is connected between an array of solar panels and a centrifugal pump. The inverter is operated to extract the maximum power available from the PV system and the pump is driven by a cage induction machine. A predictive control strategy is used to regulate the AC machine currents. Simulations considering changes in the solar irradiance are presented showing the feasibility of the proposed control scheme.


"Hortus conclusus. The Holy Family of Loreto by Lorenzo Lotto. The contribution is an excerpt from Dalla parte di Lorenzo Lotto. Il ciclo lauretano (On the Side of Lorenzo Lotto: The Loreto Cycle), an essay to be completed soon on the pictorial cycle which Lorenzo Lotto (Venice, 1480-Loreto, 1556) ordered in 1555 in the chapter chapel of the church of Santa Maria di Loreto. This is the painter's last work for a public destination; due to the difficulties in providing a unitary and coherent interpretation, the cycle risks being expunged from Lotto's catalogue despite the indication made both by Giorgio Vasari in the 1568 edition of the Vite (Lives) and by Carlo Ridolfi in 1648 in Le Meraviglie dell'arte: ovvero Le vite degl'illustri pittori veneti (The Wonders of Art: The Lives of the Illustrious Venetian Painters). Of the seven works making up the cycle, the Holy Family is one of the five painted before 1550, some of which had to be adapted to harmonize their format. The painter intervened on the Holy Family in order to adapt the content of the painting, originally intended for domestic devotion, and make it suitable for the new destination. Keywords: Lorenzo Lotto, Santa Maria di Loreto, Giorgio Vasari, the Holy Family "


Personalized search aims to improve the search quality by re-ranking the candidate document list based on user's historical behavior. Existing approaches focus on modeling the order information of user's search history by sequential methods such as Recurrent Neural Network (RNN). However, these methods usually ignore the fine-grained time information associated with user actions. In fact, the time intervals between queries can help to capture the evolution of query intent and document interest of users. Besides, the time intervals between past actions and current query can reflect the re-finding tendency more accurately than discrete steps in RNN. In this paper, we propose PSTIE, a fine-grained Time Information Enhanced model to construct more accurate user interest representations for Personalized Search. To capture the short-term interest of users, we design time-aware LSTM architectures for modeling the subtle interest evolution of users in continuous time. We further leverage time in calculating the re-finding possibility of users to capture the long-term user interest. We propose two methods to utilize the time-enhanced user interest into personalized ranking. Experiments on two datasets show that PSTIE can effectively improve the ranking quality over state-of-the-art models.


In Indonesia, institutions of education continue to behind places of amusement in terms of correlation. A museum is a structure that houses exhibits of historical, artistic, scientific, and antiquarian items. A timeline of actual past events makes up history. Museum tours don't operate like museums do generally in Tanjung Pura. According to survey findings at the Regional Museum, only 60 people visited the museum in the first half of 2020, commencing in June. The Langkat Regional Museum has a number of issues, including a front that appears to have been less recently maintained. The museum's space is too small, giving the sensation of being crowded within. The museum's layout for collections and rooms is disorganized. A venue for public education on history, particularly the history of the Langkat Sultanate, is what this design aims to give. Applying the topic of Malay Neo Vernacular Architecture, revitalize the area with new concepts and a new mood so that it becomes a practical, sensible, and receptive component of people and the environment. Additionally, building a museum space that can preserve the Malay Sultanate of Langkat's cultural legacy. Finally, fostering affection and compassion for the neighborhood's rich cultural legacy. It is intended that by renewing the Langkat Regional Museum, which carries the topic of Neo-Vernacular Malay Architecture, it will be able to reclaim its role as a tool and infrastructure for teaching in public areas. in order to promote Malay culture and historical legacy from the Sultanate of Langkat as a tourist destination.


The study of online inquiry competences (OIC) is an important topic on the information literacy (IL) field. Most of the work has been focused on higher education and high-school students, while less has been done regarding primary education. In this work we investigate the effects of an OIC teaching intervention on search performance of a large group of sixth graders from Finland. Our preliminary results show significant improvements in search performance on the intervened group of students compared to a control group when working on a science research task. This work shed light about the potential benefits of a particular approach to develop OIC on elementary school students.


: Science and Technology have made human life addictive to comfort, yet concurrently there exists an oppressed gathering of individuals who are battling for tracking down a creative way that can make their life easier for them. After concentrating and highlighting the problems faced by the differently abled people like blind and deaf, solving it through a device alone is a very hard task. A ton of exploration has been done on every issue and arrangements have been proposed independently. Objective of the smart assistive device SAARD (Smart Assistive Activity Recognition Device for Differently Abled People) is to recognize activity for differently abled people so; they feel confident and independent by helping them to know objects surrounding them. The Proposed device SAARD help the differently abled people by taking images and give the output in form of audio. Along with that it also detects obstacles and surrounding sound which alert them.


From the nonlinear point of view,we study the relation between control and guideway parameters and vibration characteristics of the immovable maglev guideway-vehicle coupling system which is controlled actively.Firstly,the elastic guideway and rigid magnet dynamic models are constructed and the suspending control system is modeling by the cascade control algorithm,and so the nonlinear guideway-vehicle coupling model is given.Then,we analyze the 1∶1 resonance by the harmonic balance method.The first order amplitude-frequency equations are given by the analytic method.Taking into account the high rank of the amplitude-frequency equations,we calculate three groups of parameters using the numerical method and plot the simulation results lastly.And then we prove that the guideway parameters have deep influence on the vibration of the maglev system.The conclusion can be applied as reference to guideway machining and suspending control system design.


To design well paths that minimize risk and avoid drilling hazards such as blowouts and stuck pipe, drilling engineers would like to have a quantitative understanding of the overpressure zones in the subsurface. Currently, pre-drill prediction of pore pressure is done using kinematically determined seismic velocity, which has a low resolving power in identifying various subsurface formations. In the rare examples where high-resolution velocity is used, the primary seismic input is inverted acoustic impedance. The acoustic impedance is converted into high-frequency velocity and density for effective stress and overburden stress computations. Both require transformation schemes, potentially causing additional uncertainty in pore-pressure prediction.


In nonsurgical settings, high levels of brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) predict adverse outcomes among patients with heart failure or coronary artery


Guide contains Educational online tools and resources supporting educators during the COVID-19 Pandemic. Websites that have resources and ideas for teaching with some resources aligned to the Australian Curriculum.


An improved multi-phase relative permeability model for CO2 flooding was presented based on the Corey model by considering the interaction of CO2 and oil and its effect on oil displacement efficiency.By combining the gas-liquid relative permeability index with the displacement pressure or present reservoir pressure,the influences of CO2-oil interaction on phase behavior,flow pattern and oil recovery factor were researched.The model was used to simulate different CO2 injection processes in a low permeability reservoir.The results show that the improved model can increase the precision of reservoir simulation,especially suitable for the process of near-miscible CO2 flooding.Good simulation results for both laboratory experiments and field prediction were obtained.


Reactions of K 3 Na[WO 2 (CN) 4 ].6H 2 O with aroyl hydrazone ligands namely benzoic acid[1-(furan-2-yl)methylene]hydrazide (BFMH), benzoic acid[(thiophene-2-yl)methylene]ttydrazide (BTMH), benzoic acid[1-(thiophene-2-yl)ethylidene]hydrazide (BTEH). benzoic acid(phenylmethytene)hydrazide (BPMH) and benzoic acid[1-(anisot-3-yl)methylene]hydrazide (BAMH)) in presence of acetic acid yield complexes of the type [wo(CN) 3 L.-L] - . The complexes have been characterized by conductivity, magnetic susceptibility, IR, 1 H NMR, UV-Vis and TGA/DTA studies. The ligands substitute one water and one cyanide group of the protonated K 3 N a [WO 2 (CN) 4 ].6H 2 O and bind in bidentate chelating mode. The mode of bonding of the ligands is confirmed by shifts observed in the 1 H NMR spectrum of the ligand after complexation.


When June comes each year,many villages in Tongren County,Huangnan Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture,Qinghai Province,comes into an auspicious,cheerful,harmonious and happy season.Based on the field investigation and the historical docu-ments,and through interviews and analyses,the paper argues that Lang Jia Le Rou is a good depiction of the local people's untiring pursuit of life and aspiration for happiness.


To blage new trails must change sense of education to deal with examination into education to improve accomplishment, must change sense of pure passon knowledge into teaching to learn studying. To set up the sense that the students are the foundation of the school, to foster the students' thinking ability to blage new trails, practical operating ability and studying ability into fully play. Building the well platform to blage new trails in teaching work and reforming the check system of teaching to make use of the modern education means.


1 The project team would like to acknowledge the work of the Old Bailey Online team for creating some of the data upon which this project was based and facilitating its reuse – especially Tim Hitchcock and Sharon Howard. They would also like to thank people who advised in the creation of the dataset, most importantly Judy St. John, Cage Boons, Sarah Lloyd, Julie Moore, Simon Collier, S. I. Martin, Lorraine Moir, Fred Gibbs, attendees of the workshop at the University of Exeter in 2018, attendees of the "Black Lives, British Justice" events in 2019, and the many students of the "Britain and Africa" module at the University of Hertfordshire (2015-2017). We also thank colleagues who kindly read and commented on earlier drafts of this paper: Louise Falcini, Avril Nanton, and Robert Shoemaker.


Background: In patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), right ventricular (RV) function could be adversely affected as the disease progresses. We hypothesize that subclinical deterioration of RV systolic function may occur in patients with COPD. Methods: This prospective study enrolled 50 patients (47males, mean age: 70±8 years) with COPD and no history of heart failure. Conventional 2D echocardiography and pulsed wave tissue Doppler imaging were performed at baseline and one-year follow-up to assess RV function. 2D parameters included RV end-diastolic area (RVEDA), end-systolic area (RVESA) and fractional area change (RV-FAC). Peak systolic tricuspid annulus velocity (S9) was measured. Pulmonary artery systolic pressure (PASP) was estimated by peak velocity of tricuspid regurgitation (TR) and right atrial pressure. Results: There was no significant difference in RVEDA (11.8±3.6 vs. 11.0±2.7 cm 2 , p=0.093), RVESA (6.0±2.2 vs. 5.6±1.7 cm 2 , p=0.156) and RV-FAC (49.8±8.1 vs. 49.8±7.2%, p=0.977) between baseline and one-year follow up. However, S9 showed significant reduction at one-year follow-up (14.6±4.0 vs. 13.0±.5 cm/s, p=0.002), which occurred in 60% of study patients. Furthermore, in patients presented with reduced S9, the peak early diastolic velocity of tricuspid annulus (E9) was decreased (6.9±2.5 vs. 5.8±2.0 cm/s, p=0.005). There was no change in PASP (27.2±16.2 vs. 24.5±13.8 mmHg, p=0.274) and peak velocity of TR. Conclusion: This prospective study showed that patients with COPD had evidence of progressive deterioration of RV systolic function which can be detected by the use of more sensitive quantitative echocardiographic tools such as tissue Doppler imaging.


The Mobile User Objective System (MUOS) is being developed to meet a continuing Department of Defense (DoD) requirement for mobile unprotected narrowband beyond line-of-sight communications. The MUOS will replace the current UHF Follow-On (UFO) satellite constellation as those satellites reach end-of-life. As part of this effort a new Common Air Interface (CAI) will be developed to standardize the waveform used between MUOS user terminals and the satellite. This paper describes a protocol capable of satisfying the MUOS Operational Requirements Document (ORD) directive to provide a higher quality of service than the current UFO system is capable of providing. This protocol captures key features from the Integrated Waveform, a waveform being developed as a possible future replacement for the two current demand-assigned multiple access (DAMA) waveforms now required for operation over 5-kHz and 25-kHz UHF military satellite channels. The new CAI would greatly simplify the use of UHF satellite communications by automatically locating a control channel, capturing the list of available services, and passively connecting to these services. The new CAI should include a standard medium access control (MAC) protocol layer to allow use of modern communication protocols, and provide standardized protocols for voice and messaging that could be easily extended to systems outside of the MUOS network.


The benefits of using building information modeling to integrate the project delivery process by exchange of project data between industry stakeholders stimulate the bridge industry to develop bridge information modeling. However, the existing data exchange methods, formats, and standards that are used by the building industry cannot be directly borrowed and used "as is" for bridge projects. Bridge projects involve specific definitions of structural geometry (e.g., roadway alignment–driven bridge layout) or definitions of bridge member geometry that are not usually used in building projects (e.g., camber data for steel plate girders). These bridge-oriented geometries cannot be described by using current building-oriented data exchange formats. Because bridge geometry depends on the geometry of the roadway carried by the bridge, it is beneficial to define a bridge as a parametric model that can be manipulated by modifying a manageably small number of independent parameters (e.g., station and skew). However, the existing data exchange standards do not support the exchange of parametric geometry. To overcome these technical limitations, this paper presents a software-neutral schema for the exchange of alignment-driven bridge-oriented parametric geometry data using eXtensible Markup Language. The application of this formalism is then illustrated via three high-priority use cases that occur during the steel bridge life cycle.


Early human studies show individuals with latent M. tuberculosis (Mtb) infection are less likely to develop active tuberculosis (TB) compared to naïve individuals with similar levels of exposure. Using Mtb-barcoded libraries (Lib A as first and Lib B as second infection), we published that an existing Mtb infection in cynomolgus macaques protects against the establishment and progression of a second Mtb challenge. CD4 T cells are important in control of TB, and depletion results in worse acute infection and latent TB reactivation in macaques. We hypothesized that CD4 T cells play a major role in protection against a secondary Mtb challenge. To test this hypothesis, CD4 T cells were depleted in infected and treated macaques before a second Mtb challenge. As controls, one group received IgG and a naive group received only Lib B. The number of Lib B granulomas in the IgG group was significantly fewer than in the naïve group, while the αCD4 group was in between the two. The IgG group had the lowest lung bacterial burden followed by the αCD4 group (16-fold higher than IgG) and lastly the naïve group (57.5-fold higher than IgG). Both reinfected groups (αCD4 and IgG) had a higher frequency of CD8 T cells producing IFNγ and/or TNF in Lib B granulomas compared to naïve macaques but there was no significant difference when compared to each other. Because each Mtb bacterium has a unique barcode, we can track the spread of Mtb to different organs. Both naïve and αCD4 groups had a greater number of unique Lib B barcodes in the thoracic lymph nodes compared to the IgG group. These data suggest that CD4 T cells help limit the establishment, progression and dissemination of the second infection. However, they are not the only factor responsible for protection against reinfection.


In my history of technology classes, I run a class T-shirt project. To emulate the challenges of creating a new product, groups of students have to develop a design, figure the shirt's cost, market it to the class, compete against the other groups, and, if they win, then convince enough of their classmates (all with losing designs) to buy the shirt. It's harder than it looks and each class has its own quirks. Those experiences resonated as I read Giovan Lanzara's tale of how he used two case studies (American musicians learning Music LOGO in a university computer lab and Italian courts introducing VCR taping of proceedings) to observe the disruptive uncertainty and unfamiliarity workers faced when using new technologies, forcing them to redesign, restructure, reframe, and reposition how they work. Part of the MIT Press Acting with Technology series, "the study of meaningful human activity as it is mediated by tools and technologies" (https://mitpress.mit.edu/books/series/acting-technology), Shifting Practices is more anthropology than history, but it provides a deep dive into the mundane realities and larger organizational and practical contexts of individuals and groups being introduced to new technologies. This fits well with user-oriented history of Ruth Schwartz Cowan's "consumption junction" and How Users Matter, edited by Nelly Oudshoorn and Trevor Pinch. Here, the micro-level units of analysis are the individuals and groups grappling with the challenges of adaptation. Lanzara convincingly argues that adapting a technology is a process of innovation encompassing "transformation of artifacts, practices, and cognitive frameworks" (p. 14) as well as explicit and tacit knowledge. At that local level of the user, the focus is on the journey, not the result. What makes Lanzara's work intriguing is not only that he is deep in the


The paper presents the developed methodology that has been used for making calculations of main reliability indices for existing electric power supply circuits of AIC consumers. Somemeasures pertaining to provision of higher reliability are given in the paper. The paper contains calculations of changes in respect of reliability indices and reduction in cost of supply lost due to power supply interruptions in case of introduction of the proposed measures.


The utility model discloses a rotary type isolating switch fixed contact which relates to a horizontally rotary type isolating switch with three pillars and double kerfs and belongs to the technical field of an isolation switch of a high-voltage electrical apparatus, in particular to a rotary type isolating switch fixed contact. The rotary type isolating switch fixed contact comprises a fixed contact bottom casing 6, a plurality of fixed sensing fingers 1, a group of starting arc sensing fingers 2, a spacing hook plate 4, a starting arc sensing finger positioning plate 5 and a fixed sensing finger spring 8. The utility model is characterized in that the upper end and the lower end of the starting arc sensing finger positioning plate 5, corresponding to the starting arc sensing fingers 2, are respectively provided with a positioning pin 9; one end of the starting arc sensing fingers 2 is provided with a lifting hole 11 which is sheathed on the positioning pins 9. The utility model can effectively prevent the starting arc sensing fingers from moving and sliding out to ensure that the assembly position is correct.


We describe the basic paradigm that is commonly used for model-based anomaly detection and isolation. In particular, we are interested in techniques that use an abstract, qualitative representation as opposed to a precise numerical specification to describe the relevant structural and behavioral properties of the system. In general, these techniques describe the system using a structural model defining the qualitative relationships between a finite set of components coupled with a declarative specification of the valid behaviors for each component. The diagnostic engine reasons about the interaction between components to derive a description of the expected system behavior which in turn is used to detect discrepancies by comparing the expected behavior against the observations. Once a discrepancy is detected, the model is used to identify components whose failure could result in the observed behavior. This basic approach can be used when reasoning about either the steady state or the time varying behavior of both discrete and continuous systems.


We investigated the importance of algal detritus in determining complex patterns of spatio-temporal variation in annelid assemblages in sites separated by 10s of meters on mudflats on Long Island, New York. We used field sampling to test the hypothesis that spatio-temporal variation in annelid assemblages contributes substantially more to total variation than consistent spatial differ- ences among sites (pure spatial variation). While this pattern was generally shown by dominant surface-feeding annelids (e.g. Paranais litoralis and Streblospio benedicti), this was not the case for the deeper-feeding orbinid polychaete Leitoscolopolos robustus. We enriched the sediment with Ulva rotundata detrius to test the hypothesis that variation in detrital enrichment creates complex spatio-temporal patterns in annelid assemblages. Initially, the diversity and abundance of annelids was lower in enriched sites compared to untouched sites because of anoxic conditions at the sediment-water interface in the manipulated treatment. After about 1 mo, however, populations of opportunistic surface-feeding annelids (e.g. P. litoralis and Capitella capitata) increased in enriched sites to peak significantly higher than those in unmanipulated sediment, indicating resource- limitation. The annelid assemblages in different treatments then converged in June/July when the excess detrital resources were sufficiently depleted. Overall, we demonstrate the important role that deposition of detritus plays in determining variation in soft-sediment communities. More than just simple spatial variation, however, we show that detritus enrichment can generate the complicated spatio-temporal patterns observed in natural annelid assemblages.


occupational analysis of56men with scleroderma intheUnited Kingdom showed noevidence that silica exposure wasimplicated intheonsetofthedisease, incontrast with older published reports suggesting thatsuch exposure explained animportant proportion oftheoccurrence ofthedisease inmen.Of themajoroccupational exposures suggested fromcasereports, onlyorganic solvents were reported toanyextent inthisseries. No significant increase inexposure toorganic solvents wasnoted, however, inacasecontrol analysis.