Abstract Part of a larger yearlong ethnography at a comprehensive, public high school in a Midwestern city in the United States, this article explores a telling case from a bookclub that was part of the school's Genders and Sexualities Alliance. Approaching curriculum as a question of what knowledges are valued in education, in this article I describe the layers of epistemic practices that youth in the bookclub co-constructed and the consequences of these practices for oppressive values with respect to sexuality, gender, race, ethnicity, and language. The telling case features youth talking about young adult author Sáenz's sexuality, his novel Aristotle and Dante Discover the Secrets of the Universe, and whether and how (literary) authors' identities affect their writing (of literature). My analysis of the case explores epistemological phenomena related to literature, curiosity, authenticity, #OwnVoices, and author–reader relationships, which I consider through critical, especially queer and trans, theoretical perspectives about epistemology, transparency, and opacity. The findings have implications for educators working to disrupt oppressive, anti-LGBTQ+ epistemologies in schools in an effort to encourage humanizing curiosity, promote compassion, and foster joy among and for LGBTQ+ students.


Setting learning goals enhances motivation and performance. However, a lack of motivation is still nowadays a large cause of education failure because learners often find difficulties to relate to the goals fixed in their formal education. Social Networking Services (SNS) offer a massive source of diverse information and represent an influential factor, including for learning. The purpose of this research consists therefore in 1) the construction of a large-scale dataset containing goal-based messages expressed by peers on SNS, and 2) the analysis of topics making the meaning of the different categories of goals included in the goal-based dataset. The massiveness of information available on SNS calls for a systematic text analysis. This study therefore introduced a Systemic Functional Grammar (SFG) approach to determine the linguistic features used to create the meaning of learning goals in SNS messages. This analysis resulted in the creation of a dataset containing 16,000 goal-based messages.


Several surveys, relating air pollution exposure to the prevalence of chronic respiratory disease, have recently been conducted by the Community Health and Environmental Surveillance program of the Environmental Protection Agency. The effects of sulfur oxides were studied in the Salt Lake Basin, Rocky Mountain smelter communities, New York City, and Chicago. In all four areas, chronic bronchitis prevalence was higher in polluted neighborhoods than in clean ones. In large urban areas, the effect of air pollution was comparable to the effect of moderate cigarette smoking. In all four areas, the effects of air pollution and of cigarette smoking were roughly additive. In Chattanooga, Tenn, no significant correlation was found between chronic bronchitis prevalence and exposure to moderate urban levels of nitrogen oxides.


It is necessary to inspect the surface defects of the billets which are partly finished products to warrant the surface quality. The fluorescent magnetic particle testing is used mostly to detect the surface defects of square non-magnetic steel billets. Writers have developed the advanced automatic inspection technique of fluorescent magnetic particle testing which uses the multi-CCD cameras. The original high-speed inspection (MG/CCD) system was introduced into the ERBIC(Efficient & Rationalized line of Billet Inspection and Condition) line of Chita Plant in 1993 with the tracking mirror system and the automatic threshold level decision processing. The further improved system is described in this paper and the view is focused on the equipment composition and the newly developed signal processing. The detection performance of a scab or a corner part is sharply raised by using eight Megapixel CCD cameras and advanced image-processing technology.


Efavirenz is a non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor with a number of side effects manifested by psychiatric symptoms. There are cases of acute poisoning due to administration of efavirenz, including cases of suicide attempts; therefore, efavirenz may be approved as a toxic compound in forensic toxicology. Aim. To apply the MiLiChrome® A-02 HPLC-analyzer system for efavirenz quantitative determination in biological fluids and perform validation of the procedures developed. Results and discussion. Three HPLC/UV-procedures of efavirenz determination in blood and urine have been proposed. Validation of all procedures developed has been performed by such parameters as specificity, recovery, linearity, accuracy and precision in the variants of the methods of calibration curve and standard. The results of analysis have shown the absence of peaks with the retention time, which is coincident with the efavirenz retention time, on the chromatograms of blank-samples for all variants of procedures of the analyte isolation. All procedures of sample preparation show the high efficiency of efavirenz isolation both for blood and urine (at the level of 90 %). All procedures studied are characterized by the acceptable parameters of linearity, within-run and between-run accuracy and precision. Experimental part. Sample preparation of blood and urine was carried out in three ways – 1) liquid-liquid extraction with the mixture of chloroform and 2-propanol (80 : 20); 2) 2-propanol extraction and salting-out with ammonium sulfate; 3) acetonitrile extraction and salting-out with ammonium sulfate. The chromatographic conditions were as follows: the column – Ø2 × 75 mm, ProntoSIL 120-5-C18 AQ, 5 μm; temperature – 40 °С; the flow rate – 100 μl/min; Eluent A – 0.2 M LiClO4 – 0.005 M HClO4; Eluent B – acetonitrile; the elution mode – linear gradient; detection – UV, 247 nm; the volume of injection – 2 μl. Conclusions. The set of HPLC-procedures of efavirenz quantitative determination in blood and urine has been developed. Validation of the procedures developed has been performed.


INTRODUCTION: Flood is the most common natural disaster in the world both in the developed and developing nations. This year one of the greatest floods, worst in over a decade hit the nation in Jammu and Kashmir on 7th September 2014, due to continuous downpour for about 4 days. Study design: Observational. RESULTS: SKIMS Medical College and Hospital, Bemina was inundated first followed by the oldest tertiary care SMHS hospital. Health care was affected at all the three levels viz. primary, secondary and tertiary the total losses to the health care was estimated to be 200 million. CONCLUSION: More than 1.5 million of the population was affected. People were rendered homeless. Unlike flash flood the present flood in Kashmir was a plain flood which occurs due to


Herein we report efficient random lasing in two powder samples containing rhodamine 6G (Rh6G) doped SiO2 nanoparticles which are either directly dispersed within pure silica particles or embedded in a silica gel matrix which is subsequently ground. Basic properties of random lasing such as emission kinetics, emission spectrum, and stimulated emission threshold are investigated in both novel solid-state materials by real-time spectroscopy. The laser-like emission dynamics of the ground powder obtained out of a bulk silica gel containing 2% Rh6G-SiO2 nanoparticles was accurately described by a light diffusive propagation model. The device behavior is close to a conventional ultrafast Q-switched laser, which is a very interesting feature aimed to further applications.


The research sought to investigate the effect of product innovation factors on financial performance of deposit taking saccos in Nairobi City County, Kenya. Despite the significance of product innovation, the effect of product innovation factors on financial performance is still misunderstood. Therefore the study sought to investigate the effect of product innovation factors on financial performance of deposit taking saccos in Nairobi City County, Kenya. The independent variables were branch networks, products' range, product location and product cost while the dependent variable was the financial performance of deposit taking saccos in Nairobi City County, Kenya. The study used descriptive research design. The study population was the 30 deposit taking saccos in Nairobi City County, which have been operating between 2013 and 2017. A census study of the 30 deposit taking Saccos was conducted. The study used purposive sampling to pick 3 respondents per Sacco which translated to a total of 90 respondents. Semi-structured questionnaires were used to collected primary data while secondary data was collected from published financial statements pertaining information which relates to the dependent variable, financial performance. The study established that branch network, product range, product location and product cost had a significant direct relationship to financial performance of deposit taking saccos in Nairobi City County, Kenya.


The preservation of native maize allows the selection of genotypes with forage potential in specific regions. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the yield and chemical composition of green forage and silage of 10 native and two commercial maize hybrids with forage potential, under semi-arid conditions with irrigation. Genotypes were grouped according to days to male flowering: early (80 days), intermediate (92 days) and late (111 days). Data were analyzed in a randomized complete block design with four replications (Tukey; α = 0.05). Intermediate and late maize had the greatest height, total dry matter yield (TDMY) and number of leaves (p < 0.05). Late genotypes showed higher values in cob yield and senescent matter (p < 0.05). The genotypes Olotillo × Tuxpeño and Tuxpeño II outperformed the hybrids 2038DK and P3966WP (3.50 and 9.24 Mg ha-1, respectively) in TDMY (14.32 Mg ha-1, on average). Olotillo × Tuxpeño and P3966WP presented similar crude protein values in green forage (81 g kg-1; p > 0.05). However, when ensiled, the hybrid outperformed native corn by 22 % (92 vs. 75 g kg-1; p < 0.05). Late-cycle native maize had the highest cob yields (4.59 Mg ha-1) and after ensiling, the ideal pH (< 3.9) and °Brix (8.5) values. The native genotypes Tuxpeño I, Olotillo × Ratón, Olotillo × Tuxpeño and Tuxpeño II could be used in breeding programs to select materials with potential for forage production and conservation.


This paper studies the new synthesis technique of urea-formaldehyde resin adhesive , with PVA and capturing agent of formaldehyde by own preparation modifing its nature , experiments show that urea-formaldehyde adhesive with modified nature has these characteristics : low free formaldehyde content , high-strength , water-proof.


Vascular effects of the G protein-coupled oestrogen receptor1 (GPER-1) agonist, G1 (10 7 5 10 6 M), the main oestrogenic hormone, 17b-estradiol (10 9 10 4 M), the NR3A1 agonist, PPT (10 8 10 5 M), the NR3A2 agonist DPN (10 8 10 5 M), and the classical oestrogen receptor blocker but also a GPER agonist, ICI-182780 (10 8 3 10 6 M), were investigated on the perfusion pressure in the isolated rat kidney. To seek cellular mechanisms involved in GPER-1-induced signalling we tested several compounds including the inhibitors of Rho-kinase (ROCK) (Y-27632), tyrosine kinase (genistein), p38MAPK (SB203580), p44/42MAPK (PD98059), protein kinase C (PKC) (GF109203X), Jun-kinase (JNK) (SP600125), phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase (PI3K) (LY294002), Ca2þ channels (nifedipine), GPER-1 (G15) and epidermal growth factor (EGF) receptor kinase (AG-1478). Moreover, the effect of saponin (50 mg/ml) that was used for endothelium removal was explored on G1-elicited vascular action. G1, 17b-estradiol and ICI-182780 but not PPT and DPN induced vasoconstrictions in basal renal perfusion pressure. In contrast, G1 promoted vasodilatation when the perfusion pressure was elevated in advance by phenylephrine. G1-elicited vasoconstriction was not modified by endothelial removal; however, it was markedly inhibited by GPER1 antagonist, G15. The vasoconstrictor response to G1 was also significantly attenuated by Y-27632, PD98059, SB203580, GF109203X, genistein, AG-1478, and nifedipine, but not LY294002 and SP600125. Western blotting indicated the expression of GPER-1 in renal artery, medulla and cortex of rat kidney. In conclusion, GPER-1 could substantially modulate vascular responses through a variety of signalling pathways including ROCK, PKC, p38 MAPK, p42/44 MAPK, tyrosine kinase, EGF receptor kinase and VOCC but not JNK or PI3K in isolated perfused rat kidney. & 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.


We use electromagnetic Particle-in-Cell codes to investigate the two-stream instability and Weibel instability when two beams of plasma collide head-on relativistically. We compare the dissipation of kinetic energies in the two cases. We also study the evolution of the resultant electron energy distribution function produced by such dissipation.


Ventriculostomy-associated infection (VAI) is a major concern to physicians. Limited studies have looked at the outcomes of external ventricular drain (EVD) infection and predictors of unfavorable Rate of VAI in this cohort was high. VAI is associated with increased morbidity, mortality, and prolonged hospital stay.


To describe and compare the postoperative adverse events and re‐treatment for recurrence after laparoscopic and robotic‐assisted sacrocolpopexy in Japanese patients with pelvic organ prolapse (POP).


A project supported by Johns Hopkins University gathered information about the attitudes doubts and fears of low income men and women vis- a-vis contraceptive use and identified the knowledge and attitudes of national leaders about family planning. Groups of users of the services of ABEPF a family planning organization aged 19-49 years (most women were 25-29 years and men 30-34) with 0 to 8 years of education and 2 to 4 children participated in focus groups discussions and semi-structured interview in 7 major cities. The births rate had declined from 6.2 in 1950 to 3.1 in 1985 partly due to increased use of contraceptives. In 1986 65% of 15-44 year old married women used contraceptives 68.3% in urban and 57.2% in rural areas. Female sterilization was 27.2% pill use 25% and coitus interruptus 5%. Although 67.3% of women had heard of them only 2.3% used IUDs. A higher percentage of more educated women (70.1-72.4%) used contraceptives. The pill was universally favored although a high percentage forgot to take it or used it incorrectly (85-92%) in a study of 1188 users. In another study of 500 women in the 15-20 year age group 48.4% used contraceptives without prescription for 42.2% use was contraindicated and 12.4% used the incorrect method.


[1] Radiative heating and cooling occurs throughout most of a stratocumulus cloud layer. Shortwave (SW) heating of individual drops can be strong enough that drop temperatures at equilibrium deviate by as much as 6°C from the surrounding environment. These large temperature differences lead to substantial errors when the classical equation for vapor growth is used. A new form of the vapor growth equation is derived for cases of strong radiative heating. The new equation is used to assess the equilibrium supersaturation (seq) state of drops and cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) within a stratocumulus cloud. Longwave (LW) cloud top cooling has two primary effects on seq. It tends to reduce seq for large drops to values as low as −6%, providing for drop growth at subsaturations. It also tends to reduce the critical supersaturation and size at which larger CCN activate to become growing cloud drops. In contrast, LW heating of cloud base suppresses the growth of cloud drops and CCN. Larger CCN (sizes between 0.5 and 5 μm) lose their Kohler curve maximum, indicating restricted CCN growth. Solar heating produces seq up to 20% for drops with sizes between 500 and 1000 μm, indicating strong evaporation of drizzle drops. Since solar absorption increases more slowly with drop size than LW emission, a minimum appears in the Kohler curves at sizes between 20 and 100 μm, suggesting a preferred size range for vapor growth in SW heated clouds. Like LW heating, SW heating causes suppression of growth for larger CCN.


Based on convex programming, this paper presents the optimal training signal design for orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM) under colored noise. An effective method for OFDM symbol detection with the use of preceding is also described. Both analytical and simulation results show that the proposed design and method can effectively estimate the channel and reliably detect the OFDM symbols. By working in the frequency domain rather than the time domain, the computation complexity of the proposed estimation algorithm is significantly reduced.


SpoOF, sporulation stage 0 F protein, a 124-residue protein responsible, in part, for regulating the transition of Bacillus subtilis from a vegetative state to a dormant endospore, has been studied by high-resolution NMR. The 'H, "N, and I3C chemical shift assignments for the backbone residues have been determined from analyses of 3D spectra, "N TOCSY-HSQC, "N NOESY-HSQC, HNCA, and HN(C0)CA. Assignments for many side-chain proton resonances are also reported. The secondary structure, inferred from short- and medium-range NOES, 3JHNu coupling constants, and hydrogen exchange patterns, define a topology consistent with a doubly wound (CY/& fold. Interestingly, comparison of the secondary structure of SpoOF to the structure of the Escherichia coli response regulator, chemotaxis Y protein (CheY) (Volz K, Matsumura P, 1991, J Biol Chem 266:1551 1-15519; Bruix M et al., 1993, Eur J Biochem 215:573-585), show differences in the relative length of secondary structure elements that map onto a single face of the tertiary structure of CheY. This surface may define a region of binding specificity for response regulators. Magnesium titration of SpoOF, followed by amide chemical shift changes, gives an equilibrium dissociation constant of 20 k 5 mM. Amide resonances most perturbed by magnesium binding are near the putative site of phosphorylation, Asp 54. from


The accurate forecasts and estimations of the amount of sediment transported by rivers are critical concerns in water resource management and soil and water conservation. The identification of appropriate and applicable models or improvements in existing approaches is needed to accurately estimate the suspended sediment concentration (SSC). In recent decades, the utilization of intelligent models has substantially improved SSC estimation. The identification of beneficial and proper input parameters can greatly improve the performance of these smart models. In this regard, we assessed the C-factor of the revised universal soil loss equation (RUSLE) as a new input along with hydrological variables for modeling SSC. Four data-driven models (feed-forward neural network (FFNN); support vector regression (SVR); adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system (ANFIS); and radial basis function (RBF)) were applied in the Boostan Dam Watershed, Iran. The cross-correlation function (CCF) and partial autocorrelation function (PAFC) approaches were applied to determine the effective lag times of the flow rate and suspended sediment, respectively. Additionally, several input scenarios were constructed, and finally, the best input combination and model were identified through trial and error and standard statistics (coefficient of determination (R2); root mean square error (RMSE); mean absolute error (MAE); and Nash–Sutcliffe efficiency coefficient (NS)). Our findings revealed that using the C-factor can considerably improve model efficiency. The best input scenario in which the C-factor was combined with hydrological data improved the NS by 16.4%, 21.4%, 0.17.5%, and 23.2% for SVR, ANFIS, FFNN, and RBF models, respectively, compared with the models using only hydrological inputs. Additionally, a comparison among the different models showed that the SVR model had about 4.1%, 13.7%, and 23.3% (based on the NS metric) higher accuracy than ANFIS, FFNN, and RBF for SSC estimation, respectively. Thus, the SVR model using hydrological data along with the C-factor can be a cost-effective and promising tool in SSC prediction at the watershed scale.


This paper completes the Brouwer fixed point theorem's proof of functional analysis methods according to Vasile I.Istratescu's ideas,and uses Brouwer fixed point theorem to prove the existence of general equilibrium under pure-exchange market.


We apply the finite-temperature renormalization-group (RG) to a model based on an effective action with a short-range repulsive interaction and a rotation invariant Fermi surface. The basic quantities of Fermi liquid theory, the Landau function and the scattering vertex, are calculated as fixed points of the RG flow in terms of the effective action's interaction function. The classic derivations of Fermi liquid theory, which apply the Bethe-Salpeter equation and amount to summing direct particle-hole ladder diagrams, neglect the zero-angle singularity in the exchange particle-hole loop. As a consequence, the antisymmetry of the forward scattering vertex is not guaranteed and the amplitude sum rule must be imposed by hand on the components of the Landau function. We show that the strong interference of the direct and exchange processes of particle-hole scattering near zero angle invalidates the ladder approximation in this region, resulting in temperature-dependent narrow-angle anomalies in the Landau function and scattering vertex. In this RG approach the Pauli principle is automatically satisfied. The consequences of the RG corrections on Fermi liquid theory are discussed. In particular, we show that the amplitude sum rule is not valid.


Extracted from text ... 63
Brian McNair, An Introduction to Political Communication (3rd
edition), London: Routledge, 2003, ISBN 0415307082, 272pp.
Phil Joffe+
In 1922, Walter Lippmann noted that public opinion was a constructed,
manufactured thing that could be manipulated by those with a vested interest
in doing so.
Brian McNair's book offers a concise and thoughtfully balanced
investigation of political communication. It concentrates on the nature of
the interface between politicians and parties and the media available in the
21st century, to locate the media's agency and affectivity in the wider social,
political environment.
He divides the study into two parts; the first ..


Aluminum alloys of the 6xxx series which contain excess Si or Cu are well used for the automotive applications because of the high age-hardening response. The effect of addition of small amount of Sn on the two-step aging behavior in 1.2%Mg2Si-0.5%Si in excess alloy and 1.2%Mg2Si-0.7%Cu alloy was investigated by means of hardness measurement, differential scanning calorimetry, and transmission electron microscopy. G.P.I zone formation in these alloys aged at 25°C was suppressed by the addition of Sn. The Sn addition to Cu added balanced alloys rather than to excess-Si alloy was effective to suppress the negative effect of the two-step aging.


For linear systems, the robust control under the event-triggered optimization mechanism is analyzed. Firstly, on basic of time-triggering and event-triggering mechanism, the system optimization performance index is given and the optimized controller is designed. When the external interference is zero, the proof of the asymptotic stability of the linear systems is given. When the external interference is not zero, the system has interference suppression level γ of $H_{\infty}$ control. Then, the Zeno behavior of the linear system is analyzed, and a positive minimum event-triggering time interval is given by derivation. Finally, system simulation demonstrates the proposed algorithm's correctness.


This article pays tribute to Warren Lett's contribution as a leader and companion who engaged the creative arts in the search for meaning. The three authors worked with Warren in the group inquiry that led to The MIECAT Institute and its forms of inquiry. We explore memories of Warren's own arts-based companioning through some of the methods he developed with us. And we also offer these image-led exchanges as an example of the kind of arts-based companioning Warren's legacy gives us as a resource in present crises.


Planting of large mother bulbs resulted in large tulip flowers, planting of small mother bulbs in small tulip flowers. However, a heavier bulb gave a relatively lighter tulip flower, indicating different mechanisms for the redistribution of fresh weight and dry weight. The possibilities to grow good quality tulips from small sized bulbs were investigated in terms of source sink relationships, for a "splitting" cultivar, cv. Apeldoorn, as well as for a "non-splitting" cultivar, cv. Parade. Over the period between planting and flowering, the recovery percentage of dry matter in generative bulbs depended on the size of the mother bulb, changing from about 70 to 60% for bulb size 14 to 8 respectively. The distribution of dry matter at the moment of flowering also depended on the size of the mother bulb. In small sized (8) bulbs about 85% of dry matter was transported to the tulip flower, in big sized bulbs this percentage was about 40%, resulting in different amounts of dry matter left in the scales. The percentage dry matter transported to the daughter bulbs never exceeded 12% at the moment of flowering. Tulip flowers grown from big sized bulbs also contained a higher percentage dry weight than tulips grown from a small sized mother bulb. Removing scales from a big sized tulip bulb before cold treatment or immediately before planting, resulted in a system comparable to small sized mother bulbs: slightly more dry matter was lost in the period from planting to flowering, a higher percentage of dry matter was transported to the tulip flower, and the tulip flower itself contained a lower percentage of dry weight. Injection of tulip bulbs with benzyladenine (BA) immediately before planting resulted in a higher FW of the tulip flowers. As the DW of the tulips did not increase, this result is due to a higher water uptake. Therefore, the redistribution of DW from source to sink was unaffected by application of BA.


This article illustrates how the bandwidth of a high-transimpedance optoelectronic integrated circuit amplifier, involving a metal-semiconductor-metal (MSM) photodiode and heterojunction bipolar transistors (HBTs), can be improved by incorporating the concept of emitter RC-network shunt peaking often used in common-emitter voltage amplifiers. In the IC amplifier considered, the bandwidth has been shown to increase, with shunt peaking from 17.2 to 24 GHz, with no change of the equivalent input noise current (=2.3 pA/√Hz), arising mainly due to the input transistor's base current and the feedback resistor. © 1994 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.


As a feminist demographer by trade, I am not personally comfortable with writing self-reflexive sociology. Like anyone, I love a good story; I just lack the facility for applying this colorful, searching skill in the texts of my research. I am caught between worlds. Unlike my positivist friends who strive admirably to strip their research vision of what they see as personal or collective prejudice, I believe that my political and social agendas actively shape my research choices. On the other hand, unlike my social-constructionist friends, I flail when I try to explain how my personal experiences, insights, and connections to the participants in my studies inform my research choices. I am the perfect audience for Knapp's message to the objectivists. I consider the art of sociology one of the surest ways to say something meaningful about human lives and to reveal valuable stories about conditions on earth and people's choices and problems. I tell my students often that being a student is a sacred calling. I adhere strongly to a sense of responsibility about the quality and utility of my work. I have a visceral (sometimes nauseated) sense of knowing that my words are in libraries. I know that I am responsible for those words. I am their author. I still have the occasional anxiety attack in which I awake fitfully in the middle of the night, sure that I have said something wrong in the text of my articles, sure that I have acquitted myself poorly as a scholar. I am thankful that this midnight despondency is more intermittent than it was in the long distant days of the writing of my dissertation. When forced to read my published work, however, I often cringe, wondering how I could have gone so far astray from my intended goal of saying something illuminating and intense about family lives. Thus, I am ready for Knapp's advice about how to practice my craft. WEAVING A CONTEXT FOR KNAPP'S ADVICE TO THE OBJECTIVISTS Knapp offers solid advice. His advice comes from an ample, although fairly recent, lineage that includes many family scholars. In imparting his advice about improving academic writing, he explains not only how poor writing is turgid and boring to read, but also how technically faddish, muddled text obscures ideas, undermines knowledge, dulls our senses, and crushes the possibility of scientific breakthroughs. Knapp uses Journal of Marriage and Family research articles on emotional transmission within families to illustrate how our scientific-like writing forecloses the chance of informing citizenry in useful ways or opening productive dialogue among researchers. He could have chosen any other sampling of articles from recent volumes of Journal of Marriage and Family, because his point is that eviscerated, flat, method-driven writing pervades our mainstream academic journals. To use Knapp's own jargon, scholars who engage in objectivist objectifying practices are selling an appearance of scientific authority but are far from portraying rich facets or interpretations of people's family lives. He thinks that our writing sometimes miseducates. I know very little about social constructionism and even less about the influence of postmodernism and poststructuralism on family sociology. However, I do care a great deal about my writing and my work, as does any scholar worth a grain of salt. Moreover, I do not feel confident of my ability to write for any audience beyond the handful of colleagues in my subspecialty. I have much to learn about the power of the writing enterprise. However, even with this apprentice's mindset, I first read Knapp's essay with resistance because I found his use of the term objectivist objectifying practices off-putting. I wondered who he meant by "the objectivists" and why he felt so confident that their writing was bereft of noteworthiness and their research was weak, mostly atheoretical. and uncritically accepting of unexamined assumptions. …


A lotion for treating beriberi and psoriasis and a preparation method are provided. The lotion mainly comprises the following raw materials by mass: 10-18 parts of spina gleditsiae, 12-16 parts of tribulus terrestris, 20-28 parts of safflowers, 8-12 parts of cortex acanthopanacis, 8-12 parts of cortex lycii, 16-20 parts of sophora flavescens, 2-6 parts of alumen, and 114-168 parts of glacial acetic acid. The composition is for external use, and the dosage satisfies that the lotion is fully and uniformly smeared on an affected part and lasts for more than 15 min without falling out. Based on the principle of medicine property consistency and with the traditional Chinese medicine theory, the lotion can not only cure beriberi and tinea pedis, but also has the effects of minimal side effects and less recurrence.


The system thereof comprises: application system server, terminal of allocation system server and one-time password card. The one-time password card generates one-time password by inputting a random number, and then user sends said one-time password to the application system server that makes authentication for the one-time password and in term of the authentication result decides if the user is permitted to log-in. The invention can be used in many fields such as: gaming, finance, securities, business management and electronic commerce.


The subject I am supposed to report on is intermediate bosons and unitary symmetry. This is a difficult subject for two reasons. The first is that there is at the present time no experimental evidence at all that these bosons really exist. The second one is that, even if they exist, we do not know whether they have really something to do with unitary symmetry. These are serious objections, especially the first. The reason why, in spite of it, I still want to give this talk is the following. Most theoretical physicists believe, I think, that we cannot live for ever with the weak interactions just being described by effective Fermi coupling constants and the like.


THIS MONOGRAPH DESCRIBES A LONG-TERM TRAFFIC STUDY CARRIED OUT WITHIN THE AREA IN NEVERS SCHEDULED FOR DEVELOPMENT. THE AIM OF THE STUDY IS TO DETERMINE THE VOLUME OF THE TRAFFIC LIKELY TO USE THE ROADS PLANNED FOR 1985 AND 2000. THE MONOGRAPH CONTAINS THE FOLLOWING SIX CHAPTERS: TOWN PLANNING HYPOTHESES; JOURNEY STUDY; MODAL SPLIT (PUBLIC TRANSPORT, TWO-WHEELED VEHICLES, PRIVATE TRANSPORT); PARKING (LONG-TERM, SHORT TERM); THROUGH TRAFFIC AND INBOUND TRAFFIC; OPERATION OF EXPRESSWAYS.


The year 2006 marks the centennial of the historical, heavier-than-air flight by Alberto Santos Dumont with his 14-Bis aircraft. This aircraft had a complex canard-biplane configuration, based on Hargrave's box kites. In this context, the present work describes the results of a CFD-based analysis of the 14-Bis aircraft aerodynamics and flight stability. The 14-Bis aircraft CAD geometry was generated from historical sources and observations. CFD computations are performed using well-established commercial codes for calculation of the historical flight conditions. The computations consider a Reynolds-averaged NavierStokes formulation, in which turbulence closure is achieved using Menter's SST model. The calculations consider unstructured grids and the codes feature a multigrid method for convergence acceleration. The flight conditions investigated are primarily concerned with historical observations regarding flight speeds and the need for a more powerful engine, as well as flight stability characteristics of the 14-Bis airplane, which are unknown up to the present day. The results lead to qualitative agreement with historical reports, although quite interesting conclusions can be drawn with regard to actual aerodynamic flight speeds and aircraft stability parameters.


Modern molecular modeling tools are intensively used to gain knowledge of events occurring upon photoexcitation of organic chromophores in the gas-phase, in solution and in protein matrices. We applied quantum mechanical approach to estimate equilibrium geometry configurations as well as positions and intensities of spectral bands for a number of red fluorescent proteins, including the DsRed from Discosoma coral, and its mutants of the so-called mFruits series. As demonstrated in our previous simulations for GFP and blue fluorescent proteins, this strategy was proven to be productive for modeling. The model system is designed as a molecular cluster constructed on the basis of available crystal structures of the related protein. The equilibrium geometry of the cluster is optimized using density functional theory approximations. The vertical excitation energies corresponding to the S0-S1 transitions are computed by using the semiempirical ZINDO technique. Mechanisms of photoexcitation, identification of the functional states of the chromophores, elucidation the role of point mutations in the photoreceptor proteins are considered on the basis of simulations.


This chapter represents a comparative study of two Belgian federal commissions on cultural diversity: the "Commission du Dialogue Interculturel" (Commission for Intercultural Dialogue, 2004–2005) and the "Assises de l'Interculturalité" (The Round Tables on Interculturalism, 2009–2010). After presenting the contexts in which these commissions were created and the mandates entrusted to them, we examine the content of the reports and their reception in Belgium, as well as the follow-up and implementation of the recommendations. We conclude that the value of these two exercises in civic reflection lies in their stimulation of long-term public discussion of interculturalism in Belgium.


Author(s): Marca, James E.; McNally, Michael G.; Rindt, Craig R. | Abstract: This paper examines the problem of describing an activity in a concise, usable way. An activity is defined by a vector of observed attributes. Including more observed attributes improves the explanatory power and theoretical completeness of any model of activities, but simultaneously leads to a combinatorial explosion when considering questions about choosing between activities or sequences of activities -- questions that arise in simulation applications. This paper first builds a description of individual activities using a vector of observed attributes. Then, latent variable analysis is used to reduce this vector to just two latent variables, which together explain most of the variation in the original variables.


In recent years, the development of communicative competence has become the explicit focus of numerous second language teaching programs. Although models of communicative competence and principles of communicative language teaching have been discussed extensively in the literature and a variety of communicative materials have been developed, very little research has been carried out to examine the relationship between actual classroom practices and the development of communicative competence.

This article reports on the results of a study which was intended to validate an observation instrument designed to capture differences in the communicative orientation of L2 classroom interaction in a variety of settings. Thirteen classes in four different L2 programs were observed. The observation scheme used in the study contained categories derived from theories of communicative competence, from the literature on communicative language teaching, and from research in first and second language acquisition, which suggests a number of factors thought to influence the language learning process. These observation categories include features of communication typical of classroom interaction as well as of "natural" language outside the classroom. An analysis of the observation data revealed differences in the communicative orientation of the four types of classrooms.


This paper designed a technique using Stockwell transform (ST), Wigner distribution function (WDF) and alienation coefficient to detect evolving fault conditions incident on a power transmission line with two terminals (PTLTT). Currents are decomposed applying the ST and evolving Stockwell fault index (ESFI) is computed. These current signals are also decomposed using WDF for computing evolving Wigner fault index (EWFI). Alienation coefficient is used to process current signals for computing evolving alienation fault index (EAFI). The ESFI, EWFI and EAFI are multiplied with a evolving weight factor (EWF) to compute evolving hybrid fault index (EHFI). EHFI is compared with evolving threshold (ETH) for identifying the evolving fault. During scenario of evolving fault, the EHFI is greater than ETH for the faulty phases and observed lower than ETH for healthy phases. This is established that proposed method effectively detects the different types of evolving faults incident on PTLTT. Proposed EHFI is effective to detect evolving faults with variations in the fault incidence angle and fault impedance. Performance of proposed method is better relative to discrete Meyer wavelet transform (DMWT) supported evolving faults recognition method.


Objectives Opioid use among people who inject drugs can lead to serious complications, including infections. We sought to study trends in rates of these complications among people with an opioid use disorder (OUD) and the sequelae of those hospitalizations. Methods We analyzed all inpatient hospitalizations for serious infections (infective endocarditis [IE], spinal infections, nonvertebral bone infections, and skin or soft tissue infections) among people with OUD in Ontario between 2013 and 2019. We reported the population adjusted rate of hospitalizations for serious infections annually, stratified by type of infection and prevalence of prior opioid agonist therapy and hydromorphone prescribing. We reported characteristics of hospitalizations and 30–day mortality in the most recent 2 years. Results Among people with OUD there was a 167% increase in rates of IE (7.7-20.6 per million residents; P < 0.01), a 394% increase in rates of spinal infections (3.4–16.8 per million residents; P < 0.01), a 191% increase in rates of nonvertebral bone infections (8.9 to 25.9 per million residents; P < 0.01), and a 147% increase in infections of the skin or soft tissue (32.1–79.4 per million residents; P < 0.01) over 7 years in Ontario. Death in-hospital and within 30 days of discharge was highest among those with IE (11.5% and 15.9%, respectively), and lower among those with other infections (<5%). Conclusions Rates of serious infections among people with OUD are rising, placing a significant burden on patients. These findings suggest that early intervention and treatment of infections in this population are needed to prevent downstream harm.


Although CP violation in the B meson system has been well established by the B factories, there has been no direct observation of time-reversal violation. The decays of entangled neutral B mesons into definite flavour states (B0 or B̄0), and J/ψK0L or cc̄K0s final states (referred to as B+ or B−), allow comparisons between the probabilities of four pairs of T-conjugated transitions, for example, B̄0 → B− and B− → B̄0, as a function of the time difference between the two B decays. Using 468 million BB̄ pairs produced in Υ(4S) decays collected by the BABAR detector at SLAC, T-violating parameters in the time evolution of neutral B mesons have been measured, yielding ΔS+T = −1.37 ± 0.14 (stat.) ± 0.06 (syst.) and ΔS−T = 1.17 ± 0.18 (stat.) ± 0.11 (syst.) [1]. These non-zero results represent the first direct observation of T violation through the exchange of initial and final states in transitions that can only be connected by a T-symmetry transformation.


Police are appealing for witnesses and information following a burglary in Lastingham Terrace, York. The incident occurred between Thursday 23 April ...


The development of agriculture plays a significant role in the economy of each country. The entire agro-industrial complex not only shows the standard of living of the population, but it also forms the financial, resource potential of a particular region. Therefore, the study of different ways to improve the efficiency of management is important. The article is devoted to the analysis and understanding of various manifestations of business intelligence in the agricultural sector, which contribute to the development of this industry, making all the processes taking place in it more productive. Particular attention is paid to the development of new technological devices, which clearly demonstrates the importance of using business intelligence to optimize the functioning of all industries of the national economy. It is shown that innovations regarding information processing methods penetrate all levels of the agro-industrial sector, becoming the object of large investments.


Cuyaguateje watershed is one of the most important in Cuba. This is due the high population in its areas, the cultivation of tobacco crop and the beautiful landscape considered as very attractive for tourists. Nevertheless the undulate landscape and the soil types in this region cause high intensity soil erosion and to control it, soil water retention and movement must be known. However the soil data set in Cuyagueteje River does not contain any data about soil water characteristic curves (SWCC). In the frame of an international project that the Agrophysics research group executes with the Department of Soil management and soil care in Belgium (UGENT ZEIN 2005 PR 306), SWCC and other soil properties were determined in 20 points of «V Aniversario» watershed corresponding to different soil subtypes. This paper shows the SWCC obtained for six representative's soil types in the region. It is discussed also their differences also in soil profile.


This is particularly useful for those students who want to use a quantitative approach in their presentation or/and final dissertation


The South African health ministry has set itself the goal of testing 15 million people for HIV by the end of year—nearly a third of its population of 50 million. In 2009 the number tested was 2.9 million.

The target is part of the country's response to the global HIV and AIDS pandemic, which has hit South Africa the hardest. Speaking at a forum on transforming the South African health system in Washington, DC, on 29 March, the country's health minister, Aaron …


Abstract. Karamang S, Ariffin, Widaryanto E, Aini N. 2023. Yield quality of Setaria italica accessions originated from Numfor Island, Papua, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 24: 1878-1885. Pokem (Setaria italica L. Beauv) is among the various germplasms of food plant diversity in Papua, especially in Numfor Island along with its traditional cultivation. Huge attention is needed in sustaining plant development due to its high nutritional value. Therefore, the study aims to (i) search for S. italica accessions with the highest yields and nutrient content in ex-situ cultivation, and (ii) S. italica gain accessions from the island of Numfor which contains phytochemical and antioxidant activity compounds. This study was carried out at the Experimental Garden of the Faculty of Agriculture, the University of Papua in Amban Manokwari. The plant materials used were 15 accessions of S. italica grains derived from existing cultivated locations of Numfor Island, Papua. The experiment was carried out using Randomized Block Design (RBD) with 4 replications. Yield component characters, nutritional content, total flavonoid and phenolic content, as well as antioxidant activity were observed. The results revealed that accession Sub Manggunsi 3 (SM3) had the highest grain yield. Based on nutrient contents, the highest recorded by Namber 2 (NM 2) accession for carbohydrate content, followed by Sub Manggunsi 2/SM2 (raw fiber), Kansai 3/KN3 and Sub Manggunsi 3/SM3 (protein content), Sub Manggunsi 1/SM1 (water content), Kameri 3/KM3 and Rimba Raya2/RR2 (fat content), Namber 3/NM3 (ash content); while Kameri 1 (KM1) accession, Rimba Raya 2 (RR2) and Kansai 1 (KM3) accession performed high content of total flavonoid, total phenol and antioxidant activity.


In this study, we synthesized an amphiphilic polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane (POSS) having controlled numbers of hydrophilic and fluorescent hydrophobic groups (seven and one, respectively) by the successive reactions of a starting compound, octa(3-aminopropyl)-POSS, with gluconolactone and with dansyl chloride under appropriate conditions. The product formed fluorescent nanoparticles with relatively well-defined morphology in water by self-aggregation, which was confirmed by SEM, DLS, and fluorescence measurements.


By low-temperature annealing of n-CdTe substrates in aqueous suspensions of LiNO3 and Ca(NO3)2 salts pconductivity layers are created. The estimated concentration of free holes in diffusion layers at 300K is  (5-50)∙1015 см-3


This concept paper suggests a new way of thinking about the origin, growth, and spread of a general-purpose "scientific habit of mind" in humans, and discusses how intelligent coaching agents may help. The argument begins with a description of the role of the cognitive cycle in animal thinking. We then examine critical differences between non-human and human cognition, especially in respect to the crucial and yet problematic role of language and linguistic interaction in the "widening spread and deepening hold" of scientific thinking and discourse in human populations. The paper concludes with a vision of a new kind of open, networked learning community inhabited by human learners, human experts, and intelligent agents, and suggests ways of evaluating the development of scientific thinking within these communities using a combination of social network and semantic space analysis.


The invention relates to a device for controlling an occupant protection means of a vehicle, comprising a pressure-sensitive sensor (1) for recognizing an impact-induced pressure change in a chamber arranged at the side of the vehicle as well as an acceleration sensor (2), also arranged at the side of the vehicle, for recording a transverse vehicle acceleration (g). An evaluation unit (3) evaluates the recorded pressure (p) and the recorded transverse acceleration (g). A firing unit (4) controls the occupant protection means (5) in accordance with the evaluated pressure (p) and acceleration (g).


This study aimed to discover gender differences in filicide offenders' psychiatric diagnoses, history, and other mental health-related variables. This nationwide register-based study covered all filicide offenders (n = 124) in Austria and Finland in 1995–2005. There were 79 female and 45 male offenders. Both genders had an equally challenged childhood. The filicidal fathers were older than the mothers, mean ages 37.5 and 31.6 years, respectively (p < 0.001). Filicidal fathers committed suicide at the crime scene more often than the mothers (38% vs. 15%, p < 0.05). Of the examined parents, fathers were diagnosed more often with substance abuse/dependence (39% vs. 2%, p < 0.001) and mothers with a psychotic disorder (35% vs. 13%, p < 0.05). During the year preceding the crime, 25 (32%) of the mothers and 13 (29%) of the fathers had sought help for mental health-related problems. Service providers need specific strategies to support parents in distress, especially when depressive symptoms are present.


There are such serious problems that foreign language learners get half the results with twice the effort in China and that our country still lack persons of extraordinary ability to use a foreign language.This thesis tells us why the objective facts exist and how we shall deal with the problems.At the same time,the paper shows the way to success and the importance of qualified teachers in learning a foreign language.


Ebstein's anomaly is a rare congenital cardiac defect, characterized by the displacement of the tricuspid valve into the right ventricle, that occurs approximately once in 20,000 live births. The association of Ebstein's anomaly and chromosomal abnormalities, such as Down's syndrome, is extremely unusual. Prenatal diagnosis of trisomy 21 in a fetus with isolated Ebstein's anomaly has not been previously reported.


Jackson and Watts (2002, J Econ Theory) study a dynamic process of network formation assuming that each player is myopic. In this note, we study the same dynamic process but assume that each player is farsighted. In particular, we consider a finite-horizon version of such a dynamic process in a model of market sharing agreements introduced by Belleframme and Bloch (2004, Int Econ Review), and investigate which networks are likely to be realized when the number of the players is three.


There is an increasing push to make automated systems capable of carrying out tasks which humans perform, such as driving, speech recognition, and anomaly detection. Automated systems, therefore, are increasingly required to respond to unexpected conditions. Two types of unexpected conditions of relevance in the chemical process industries are anomalous conditions and the responses of operators and engineers to controller behavior. Enhancing responsiveness of an advanced control design known as economic model predictive control (EMPC) (which uses predictions of future process behavior to determine an economically optimal manner in which to operate a process) to unexpected conditions of these types would advance the move toward artificial intelligence properties for this controller beyond those which it has today and would provide new thoughts on interpretability and verification for the controller. This work provides theoretical studies which relate nonlinear systems considerations for EMPC to these higher-level concepts using two ideas for EMPC formulations motivated by specific situations related to self-modification of a control design after human perceptions of the process response are received and to controller handling of anomalies.


The genus Sibuyanella Obenberger, 1942, is resurrected from synonymy under Obenbergerula Strand, 1932 and S. boudanti, sp. nov. from Bohol Island, and S. mimica, sp. nov. from Boac and Mindoro islands, are described. A second species of Philippscelus Bellamy, 1998, P. panayensis, sp. nov. is described from Panay Island, Philippines. Lumawigia gibbicephala, gen. & sp. nov. is described from Luzon Island. Three new species of Brachycoraebus Kerremans, 1903: B. mindanaoensis, B. basilanensis and B. minutus, are described. New distribution records are given for Coraebosoma manilense Obenberger, 1923 and C. samarense Bellamy, 1990. Two justified emendations: Philippscelus Bellamy, 1998 and Amorphosomatina Majer, 2000 are given. All new taxa are illustrated and keys to the species of Sibuyanella and Philippine Brachycoraebus are given.Key words: Taxonomy, new genus, new species, justified emendation, Coleoptera, Buprestidae, Coraebini, Philippines


Abstract The harvesting of any wildlife dictates that accurate monitoring of abundance is undertaken to ensure that viable populations of all the species involved are sustained. Currently, in South Australia, the monitoring of kangaroos is conducted by 'trained observers' visually counting the different kangaroo species from a Cessna 182 flying at a height of 250 feet and at a speed of 100 knots. Scientists involved with these survey methods acknowledge the inaccuracy of such fixed‐wing strip transects preferring to use helicopter line transects. However, the cost of the latter renders them unsuitable for large‐scale annual surveys. This paper reports on the outcomes of a pilot study introducing an alternative means of kangaroo population monitoring. The method involved using fixed‐wing aerial scanners utilizing both digital videography and a thermal scanner over a fauna reserve with known kangaroo numbers. The results show that the digital scanners have the potential to be used as a means of counting kangaroos, but not as a replacement for the current large‐scale annual state monitoring technique. However, the ability to embed spatial data into the digital imagery does enable the aligning of kangaroo count numbers to land systems and specific habitats which would be a useful attribute for future kangaroo modelling studies


Seasonal changes in Indonesia have become uncertain due to global warming, so that the upcoming season is difficult to predict again. This condition will certainly be very troublesome, one of them when it is drying clothes but suddenly rains. Problems will increase when residents of the house are traveling and there are no residents at home. Clothes that are dried in the sun but not maximally dry will cause unpleasant odors that will disturb our comfort in wearing these clothes. Therefore, through the design of an Arduino-based automatic clothes drying prototype using raindrop sensors and DHT11 sensors, it is expected to help overcome these problems. Raindrop sensor that is capable of detecting water so that it will send an order to Arduino to close the roof of the clothesline to make it easier for homeowners so there is no need to worry when it is raining. The DHT11 sensor will detect how much temperature and humidity are inside the room, so clothes in the room can still be dried because the sensor will control the fan inside the room. This tool also has a buzzer as a notification when the clothes are dry. Based on the results of the design and manufacture of tools, the raindrop sensor successfully to detect raindrop and DHT11 sensor is successfully measuring the humidity up to level 80% air humidity.

Keywords: automatic clothesline, arduino, raindrop sensor, DHT11 sensor


However, martensite generally has a distorted crystal lattice with a higher density of crystalline defects or residual stresses (generated during processing). As a result the EBSD pattern generated from these phases is of a poorer quality, in terms of intensity and sharpness, than that collected from ferrite. Therefore discrimination of these phases has focused on the analysis of EBSD pattern quality parameters, including band slope (BS), band contrast (BC) and pattern quality (PQ). Each of these measures can be plotted as a grey scale map, where martensite appears darker with a lower pattern quality when compared to ferrite, an example is shown in Figure 1a b and c.


The purpose of this study was to investigate whether the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor paroxetine (harnessed therapeutically as an antidepressant) alters the expression of serotonin transporter mRNA in rat brain. Adult female Sprague-Dawley rats were treated with paroxetine (5 mg/kg/d administered by intraperitoneal injection) for various periods; isotonic saline controls were also performed. The rats were killed by lethal intraperitoneal of phenobarbitone, and the brains were immediately removed and frozen. In situ hybridisation was carried out on 10 gm cryostat sections using a 35S labelled 30 base oligonucleotide probe complementary to a portion of the serotonin transporter mRNA sequence. Visualisation of the signal was performed using autoradiography on film, or by dipping the sections in photographic emulsion. The anatomical distribution of serotonin transporter mRNA was found to correlate well with the previously described location of serotinergic neurons, being largely restricted to the raphe nuclei and the B9 cells of the reticular formation. It was concluded that the transporter had an exclusively GABA The A physical interaction between spermatozoa and the endosalpinx has been shown, in a number of nonhuman species, to be an important process during the transport of sperm to the site of fertilisation. This study used a variety of techniques to identify any such interactions in the human. Epithelial cells isolated from uterine tubes donated by hysterectomy the limbs wk, higher Follicle Associated Epithelium (FAE) of Peyer's patches in the ileum. In a quantitative experiment, 21 male Sprague-group. The results suggest a functional adaptation by 8 wk restoring locomotor symmetry. The effects of antithyroid drugs on serum levels of thyroid hormone and TSH studied However, the effects of such drugs on the morphology of the gland are less well investigated. This study evaluated the structural changes in the thyroid gland of rats exposed to antithyroid drugs, with the aim of correlating functional state with morphometric parameters. Twelve female Wistar rats (average weight 210 were used. The drinking water of 6 rats was replaced by w.v. methimazole, whilst the remaining 6 rats were maintained on tap water as controls. All rats were kept under the same environmental conditions. After 28 d, all animals were anaesthetised (Ketamine), followed by perfusion fixation with 4% buffered formaldehyde. The thyroids and adrenals were removed and weighed. The thyroids were JB4 The volume of the thyroids was determined serial sections using the principle. The treated rats lost weight (- 12%), inactive. The weight of their adrenals Histologically, the hypofunction


In the interactions carried out by traders and buyers in buying and selling transactions in the Kehewanan Traditional Market of Samarinda, some speeches violate the principle of politeness in language. It has prompted researchers to analyze language politeness in the Kehewanan Traditional Market of Samarinda. This study uses a qualitative method. This study's data collection techniques are tapping techniques, listening techniques, recording techniques, and note-taking techniques. The data in this study are the utterances of traders and buyers at the Kehewanan Traditional Market of Samarinda, which violate the politeness principle and the politeness scale proposed by Leech. The results of the study are as follows. First, the scale of politeness of language politeness in buying and selling transactions at the Kehewanan Traditional Market of Samarinda includes cost-benefit, optionality, and indirectness scales. Second, there were also violations of Leech's six politeness maxims, consisting of the maxim of wisdom, the maxim of generosity, the maxim of acceptance, the maxim of humility, the maxim of agreement, and the maxim of sympathy.


Background: Population-based studies investigating the sex-specific association between thyrotropin (TSH) levels and serum lipid concentrations are scarce. We examined the association between TSH and total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, and triglycerides in men and women from the general population. Furthermore, the association with TSH outside and within the reference range and lipid levels was studied. Methods: Individual data of 13,571 men and women without lipid medication of four population-based studies conducted in Western European adults were pooled for cross-sectional analyses. The association between TSH levels and lipid concentrations were analyzed by calculating sex-specific multivariable median regression models. Results: In the pooled population, serum TSH levels were significantly positively associated with triglyceride values in men and with total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, and triglyceride values in women. In the pool...


Music Therapy in Action (2nd Edition) by Mary Priestley. Barcelona Publishers, 2012. ISBN: 978937440152This pioneering book, a provocative and sprawling trek through potential connections between psychoanalytic theory and the burgeoning field of music therapy, first appeared in 1975. Almost four decades later, in the reissue of the second edition, Mary Priestley still comes across as a trailblazer.Priestley comes by her passion for music honestly as the daughter of a trained pianist and a well-known English playwright who was also a skilled vocalist. As psychotherapist, she invokes the wisdom of her historical mentors including Jung, Frankl, Fromm, Winnicott, Bion, Klein, Adler, Rogers, Freud, and Yalom, identifying her work with a veritable who's who of psychodynamic theory. She weaves the various philosophies of these founders into her work through a dizzying collection of brief case examples, highlighting therapeutic change as seen through the lens of psychoanalytic interpretation.Priestley also puts forward her own model, called analytical music therapy (AMT), which includes a form of training therapists she originally called intertherap and which is now called intertherapy. Her model's main purpose, borrowed directly from Jung, is "to free the maximum amount of [repressed] energy for use in the achievement of the client's greater life aim" (p. 19), which includes reconnecting consciousness to unconscious resources through symbolic play and therapeutic interaction.In Chapter 1 Priestley provides an overview of how music and music therapy relate to medicine, contemporary behavioural therapies, and psychoanalytic theories. She then splits the remainder of the book into three parts. Part 1, "Preparation," focuses on therapeutic training requirements, an overview of client populations, and a music-focused section on repertoire and instruments. Part 2, "Practical Experiences and Techniques," consists of clinical case studies and anecdotes to illustrate guided relaxation techniques, group improvisation, the "music club" as a therapeutic model, and the role of music education in therapy. This section also covers collaboration with other types of expressive arts practitioners, specific interventions in analytical music therapy, the harnessing of emotions toward therapeutic outcomes, and the nuts and bolts of how to set up a successful private practice. In this middle section Priestley weaves in an assortment of case examples to convey what therapeutic change can look like in contrasting clinical settings. In Part 3, "Thoughts Around Music Therapy," Priestley provides an in-depth explanation of the therapeutic aims on which her model is based, including an interesting introduction to her term inner music, which seems to combine Jung's collective unconscious with Priestley's own conception about "the prevailing emotional climate behind the structure of someone's thoughts" (p. 189). In this final section Priestley discusses guided imagery, therapeutic rapport, aspects of transference and countertransference, ideas about music and meaning, and her predictions for the future of music therapy. …


A novel taxon, Cardamine carrii B.L.Turner, sp. nov., is described from the Edwards Plateau of south-central Texas (Uvalde and Kinney counties) . It appears to belong to the C. auriculata complex (sensu Rollins 1940, 1993), having the fractiflex capitul escences of that assemblage, within which it most resembles C. macrocarpa, a species of trans-Pecos Texas and Coahuila.


In this paper, equilibrium shapes of axisymmetric liquid solder joint menisci around a vertical cylinder on a horizontal plane substrate were calculated by numerically solving the Laplace equation of capillarity. The boundary conditions are the contact angles formed with the cylinder and with the substrate, subject to the prescribed liquid solder volume constraint. Numerical solutions were obtained by implementing the 4th-order Runge-Kutta technique and the Shooting Method simultaneously. For a given solder volume, the equilibrium shapes of axisymmetric solder menisci, the capillary height on the cylinder and the radius of the wetted circle on the substrate are sensitive to the contact angles. Except the vertical wetted area on the cylinder, the horizontal wetted area on the substrate and the cross-section area of the axisymmetric meniscus were found to be approximately linear functions of the liquid solder volume in a small range. Finally, the effects of cylinder radius on the equilibrium shapes and on the both wetted areas were studied.


The factors influencing the accuracy of passive gamma-ray assay of uniform, homogeneous solution samples have been studied in some detail, particularly for the assay of /sup 235/U in uranium solutions. Factors considered are the overall long-term electronic stability, the information losses caused by the rate-related electronic processes of pulse pileup and dead-time, and the self-attenuation of gamma rays within the samples. Both experimental and computational studies indicate that gamma-ray assay procedures for solution samples of moderate size (from approx. 10 to perhaps a few hundred milliliters) are now capable of accuracies approaching 0.1% in many practical cases.


The production of vesicular stomatitis virus in MDBK cells has been shown to be markedly enhanced by the addition of whole serum to maintenance media. Maximum virus production occurred in the presence of human and fetal calf sera. When different serum protein fractions were tested, cultures nourished with medium containing bovine fraction IV-1 gave the highest infectivity, but fraction IV-1 did not completely substitute for whole serum. In contrast, fetuin was strongly inhibitory for the production of infectious virus. No loss of infectivity was observed if serum was added to cultures as late as 8 h postinfection. The incorporation of 3H-uridine into viral RNA of actinomycin D treated cultures nourished with serum or serum-free media proceeded at nearly similar rates from the time of infection up to 7 h postinfection. This result indicates that viral RNA synthesis was initiated with equal amounts of template. Late in the virus replicative cycle the incorporation rates of radioactive label were higher in s...


We report a novel, versatile method for generating number density gradients of individual gold (Au) and silver (Ag) nanoparticles by a two-step method. First, a chemical gradient of amine surface functional groups is deposited by plasma copolymerization. Second, a density gradient of nanoparticles is formed by the immersion of the chemical gradient in solutions of nanoparticles. Chemical characterization by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and morphological analysis by atomic force microscopy shows that nanoparticle density closely follows the change in nitrogen surface concentration across the gradients. We also demonstrate that it is possible to control the slope of the gradients by using nanoparticle solutions of different concentrations. Important for technological and research applications, this method can be used with nanoparticles of various sizes and different materials. In addition, the use of plasma deposition allows such gradients to be generated on any type of substrate.


[1] During a magnetic storm on 14–16 December 2006, a polar cap tongue of ionization (TOI) was detected by an all-sky imager (ASI) at Resolute Bay, Canada (74.73°N, 265.07°E). We investigate the temporal evolution and spatial structure of the TOI in detail by combining the optical data with other observations (e.g., solar wind, GPS total electron content, SuperDARN, and DMSP and NOAA POES satellites). The TOI was observed as a bright and elongated 630 nm airglow plume for 4 h during the main phase of the storm. This interval corresponded to a period of prolonged stable large-amplitude southward IMF during a coronal mass ejection (CME). One to one and a half hours before the appearance of TOI, the polar cap boundary expanded rapidly far equatorward, and a positive ionospheric storm occurred. This implies that both the "expansion of the high-latitude plasma convection" and "build up of the source plasma in the midlatitudes" are necessary conditions for the formation of a TOI. Because both of them were triggered by a major southward turning of the IMF, the prolonged large-amplitude southward IMF orientation in the trailing part of the CME was primarily responsible for the generation of TOI. After its appearance, the TOI exhibited dynamic motion in the dawn to dusk direction. Simultaneous SuperDARN data suggest that a longitudinal progression of subauroral polarization stream controlled this dynamic motion. The optical TOI was found to be a continuous stream elongated in the noon-midnight direction although it contained some mesoscale patterns. Absence of large-scale temporal changes in the cusp plasma flow during the stable IMF period allowed the TOI to remain continuous without being broken into polar cap patches. The mesoscale structures within the TOI were probably produced by small-scale velocity fluctuations in the cusp plasma flow. The TOI as visualized with the all-sky airglow imager was found to be much more dynamic and much more complicated than we ever thought. The current study indicates that such a behavior of the TOI was presumably caused by a combination of temporal variations in the global-scale plasma circulation system, expansion and contraction of the polar cap area, and plasma density changes in the dayside low to midlatitudes.


A geosynthetic reinforced segmental retaining wall was collapsed during a monsoon season in Korea, three months after the completion of wall construction. The circular type global slope failure was the dominant failure mode. The as-built design was examined for its appropriateness in meeting the current design requirements and the global slope stability. A comprehensive stress-pore pressure-coupled finite-element analysis was additionally conducted with due consideration of both positive and negative pore pressures in saturated and unsaturated zones. A number of relevant tests were also carried out on the backfill and the reinforcement collected from the site. The investigation revealed among other things that the inappropriate design and the low-quality backfill were mainly responsible for the wall failure, although the primary triggering factor was the rainfall infiltration. The results of the stress-pore pressure-coupled finite-element analysis provided sound evidences as to the wall performance over the rainfall period, supporting the field observation. Practical implications of the findings from this study are also discussed in view of reinforced wall design.


The present invention relates to a vacuum cleaner improved in order to reduce air loss through the air passage in a vacuum cleaner. More particularly, the present invention avoids sudden contraction or expansion of the gas passage, the cross-sectional shape sudden change or dimensional change, leakage of outside air into the air passage, and to prevent clogging of the air passage of debris. The present invention is applicable to a hand-held vacuum cleaner device, stick type vacuum cleaner, comprising a so-called combo-type vacuum cleaner handheld device and the support releasable cyclone type vacuum cleaner and a debris collector.


A necessary and sufficient condition for energy-momentum conservation is proved within a topological, pre-metric approach to classical electrodynamics including magnetic as well as electric charges. The extended Lorentz force, consisting of mutual actions by F ~ (E, B) on the electric current and G ~ (H, D) on the magnetic current, can be derived from an energy-momentum 'potential' if and only if the constitutive relation G = G(F) satisfies a certain vanishing condition. The electric-magnetic reciprocity introduced by Hehl and Obukhov is shown to define a one-parameter family z of complex structures on the product space of 2-form pairs (F, G), independent of any spacetime metric, which reduces to the product of two Hodge star operators once a Lorentzian metric is introduced. In contrast to a recent claim made in the literature, it does not define a complex structure on the space of 2-forms itself.


Waste disposal has emerged as a big expense and a big issue for hospitals. New laws and procedures governing infectious waste are getting most of the attention, but roughly 90 to 95 percent of the waste generated by hospitals is of the noninfectious type. This non-infectious waste accounts for an estimated 1 percent of U.S. solid waste and is rich in recyclables. A waste audit conducted for Guelph General Hospital in Ontario, Canada, revealed the following waste composition: 5 percent infectious waste; 35 percent wet waste, such as food and yard debris; and 60 percent dry waste, including paper, glass, metal and plastic. In addition to a waste stream rich in recyclables, hospitals have opportunities for significant waste reduction by changing from disposable to reusable items and by requesting packaging changes of their vendors. At the same time, doctors, nurses and staff at an increasing number of hospitals want to take a leadership role in implementing sound environmental practices. Engaging in responsible waste management is becoming part of the medical community's larger mission to build a healthy community. The design needs of hospital programs are the same as for other complex institutions:


Polymeric materials with nonlinear optical (NLO) properties have been prepared by different methods including doping polymers with NLO molecules, covalent attachment of NLO chromophores to amorphous and liquid-crystalline polymers, and assembly of NLO chro- mophores into Langmuir-Blodgett 1ayers.l Systems with organic NLO molecules dispersed in a polymer host suffer from limited solubility in the host matrix and loss of NLO chromophore alignment over times2 The incorporation


Lumbar drain (LD) use in the management of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) rhinorrhea remains controversial. We analyzed the relationship between LD placement and CSF leak recurrence after endoscopic repair.


Merrill Gilfillan writes in his essay collection, Magpie Rising: Sketches from the Great Plains, ''I remember reading as a child, curled on a sofa, stories of the plains tribes by the hour. There was the narrative excitement, of course, but what lingered, I see now, what took root and ripened, were the place names, the rivers, ridges, and ranges, the geographic word softly detonating and filling the head till my inner ear roared as of conch shell.'' It should come as no surprise, then, that in his most recent poetry collection, The Bark of the Dog, Gilfillan largely abandons any ''narrative excitement'' in favor of the place names that have resonated with him since childhood. In this collection, Gilfillan enacts what he describes in the quote from Magpie Rising; alongside everyday language, the poems in The Bark of the Dog are ripe with the precise language of place, culminating in that conch shell's roar in the reader's ear. Creeks, tribes, and historical events all find homes within these sonically textured poems, often incorporating irregular rhyme to carry them to completion. The collection is arranged in three sections, the first comprising short oneto two-page lyrics that establish the acoustic playground on which the rest of the collection builds. In ''Covey Call,'' Gilfillan grapples with historical place and the language used to preserve it. ''Wapontake, a word from Magna Carta,'' the speaker begins, then ''Comanches dreamed a dream town / by the river—covey call—complete / with plaza and los alamos for shade, / Spanish curtains lifting in the breeze.'' However, as the poem tells us, the town was abandoned, and ''Now no one can find the place. / Place the find can one no now.'' Here the slippage of historical knowledge is akin to the slippage of language, and both are problems that Gilfillan's poetics attempt to amend. ''Three Songs (For Federico)'' also explores specific places and works to preserve them. In full, the poem reads:


With the focus on an 'ethno-graphic novel' on the Sri Lankan civil war and the forcible displacement and migration of Tamil survivors, we consider two main propositions as a reflection on, and development of the 'graphic narrative turn' that has emerged in anthropology in recent years. First, we inscribe drawing into the 'writing of cultures' where words have held a superior status in ethnographic representations. Rather than seeing drawings as secondary to, or merely as perceptive tools for recording experiences during fieldwork, we extend them so as they become part of a representational practice in which they can have a deep, intricate and equivalent entanglement with words to create synchronous affective intensities with research participants and viewers. Our second proposal follows Jean Rouch on cinema verite to interrogate assumptions about truth and fiction as portrayed by film representations. We propose a theory and practice for graphic novel production that we have termed, verites graphiques (literally, graphic realities). This describes the collaborative and interactive engagement with people's contributions and views, and their distillation and fictionalisation through the ethno-graphic form. We diverge from cinema verite, however, by highlighting a truth-fiction spectrum that further interrogates the presumed objectivity of what is seen, experienced, co-created and revealed.


Taking into account the influence of the non-stationary interference in other channels and stationary noises,a constrained adaptive time delay estimation algorithm based on cyclostationarity is proposed.This algorithm is based on the cyclostationarity of the signals,it can refrain the interference of disturbances and noises effectively,and it is useful when the noises are spatially correlated.It can attain time delay which is not an integer multiple of sampling interval accurately and directly in low signal-to-noise ratio environment,and its computation load is much smaller than that of interpolation method.Simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness of the algorithm.


The German Democratic Republic's sports system, often termed a 'sports miracle', produced outstanding results in international sport. Drug abuse aside, this system appeared to be based on a robust and symbiotic relationship with mass sport, which was amply provided for by the state. Using unpublished letters sent by GDR citizens to the state authorities drawn from the Federal Archive in Berlin, this article sheds light on the miserable state of mass sport, particularly in the last decade of the state's existence. Although great numbers of East Germans took part in some form of sport or the other, elite sport – and the privileged facilities and equipment that went with it – was effectively hermetically sealed off from wider society. The impressive upward trajectory of GDR sport – in terms of international titles and Olympic medals won – went hand in hand with the decline in standards of facilities and availability of equipment for the masses.


A new energetic gelator carboxymethyl cellulose nitrate(CMCN) was synthesized and its gel was prepared.The structure,nitrogen content and thermal properties of CMCN were analyzed by FTIR,TG and XRD,and rheology of CMCN gels was studied.The results show that the nitrogen content of CMCN is lower than normal NC and initial decomposition temperature of CMCNs is about 192℃.As the content of carboxymethyl increases,initial decomposition temperature of CMCNs has little change,but the fastest decomposition temperature increases and peak width broadenes.CMCN gel have good thixotropy.With increasing the content of hydrophilic carboxylic group,the strength and stability of gels increase,while the stimuli-responsive capability of gels decreases.


We would like to start by thanking Brian Gulson for taking time to highlight his concerns and bringing our findings to the attention of Environmental Pollution readers. In constructing our response to Brian Gulson's commentary, we had difficulty in deciphering which of Gulson's (2014) "submitted for publication" references were being referred to. Gulson referred an article submitted for publication in three ways, making it difficult to ascertain which one to respond to: 1) (Gulson et al., submitted for publication), 2) (Gulson et al., 2006, submitted for publication), and 3) (Gulson et al., 2013). Therefore, we have had to use our best guess as to which publication(s) that we were intended to respond to. In the following text, Professor Gulson's comments have been placed in italics and in a bold font. The terminology "Pb poisoning" is alarmist especially for parents of young children and has been discontinued by, for example, US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention in their current recommendations at low blood Pb (PbB) levels and by respected experts in the Pb field (e.g. Canfield et al., 2003). While we prefer to use the term "lead poisoning" in our paper, we acknowledge that there is no international consensus on its precise definition. However, we defend its use because it brings to more immediate attention to the well-known risks associated with lead exposure, particularly in children at very low levels (i.e. <10 mg/dL) (see for example United States National Toxicology Program, 2012). The dangers of exposure to environmental lead (Pb) have been down-played consistently in the Australian context (Gulson et al., 2008; Taylor and Schniering, 2010; Taylor et al., 2011, 2012b, 2013; Taylor, 2012; Mackay et al., 2013), which has not been overly helpful in addressing legacy Pb issues in urban cities or locations associated with metal mining and smelting activities. Similar challenges have been identified in the United States context where lead paint exposures have been particularly problematic (Bellinger and Bellinger, 2006; Markowitz and Rosner, 2013). The Australian National Health and Medical Research Council (2009) does not refer to Pb poisoning directly but refers to acute effects at levels of 70e100 mg/dL and longer-term effects from much lower levels of exposure i.e. at 10 mg/dL or lower. Bellinger and Bellinger (2006) summarize the spectrum of Pb exposure effects and identify that developmental toxicity including decreased IQ, hearing, growth, impaired peripheral nerve function and transplacental transfer is evident at exposures below 10 mg/dL of PbB (see also United States National Toxicology Program, 2012). The recent WHO Childhood Lead Poisoning report (2010, p. 12) makes the


Purpose: This study aimed to provide information on the developmental process and current status of Advanced Practice Nurses (APN) and to suggest ways for activating APN roles in Korea. Methods: We reviewed literatures to explore domestic and international trends related to the roles, practice settings, scope of practice, regulatory policies, and political environment of APN. Results: Interest in the APN role has been gaining ground worldwide. While the roles of APN in the USA, Taiwan and Japan have been changed in terms of legislation and institutional regulations, the role of APN in 12 fields except for APN in home care has not been legislated since qualification was specified in Korean Medical Law. Many problems were found in vitalizing APN roles: absence of legal regulations on the scope of practice or health insurance coverage for APN, increase the number of medical support staffs who are not qualified, and a disagreement regarding the qualification field and practical field. Conclusion: This study presents snapshots and vitalizing strategies of practice, and regulation for APN to develop their unique roles in Korea. The tasks and duties of APN should be identified specifically to fulfill their roles. In terms of national health insurance policy APN`s Nursing care should be reimbursed just as nursing care of APN in home care.


Microwave radiometers measure thermal electromagnetic radiation at frequencies ranging over the entire radio spectrum, from audio to infrared. The temperatures of black-body radiators can be measured with sensitivities better than 0.01 K, and with absolute accuracies better than 0.5 K. Radiometric systems have been built with as many as 400 independent spectral channels. Frequency resolutions range from hertz to gigahertz; and integration times range from microseconds to hours. Radiometric systems have operated reliably on the ground, and in balloons, aircraft, and spacecraft, including the 1962 Mariner 2 planetary probe to Venus.


Mary Wollstonecraft first set foot on the shore of a deserted area outside Gothenburg, Sweden during the summer of 1795 after traveling for "eleven days of weariness on board a vessel not intended for the accommodation of passengers" (63). Stepping out on that rocky coast, alone with her maid and infant daughter, she could not have known that her planned travel memoir of this unusual journey would come to exemplify quintessential elements of the emotion-laden rhetoric of self-in-text--elements not only characteristic of her early romantic age but of a newly-framed discourse of selfhood in general, with close textual affinities to both the essay and the novel. Wollstonecraft's Letters Written During a Short Residence in Sweden, Norway, and Denmark is a text whose literary categorization over the years-when it was noticed at all-has largely been that of an interesting and unusual travel book and not much more than that. Written at a time when interest in travel was high and travel books were well in demand, Wollstonecraft had shrewdly judged that taking along a


Abstract Recent paper by Robert Klee in this journal argues that we should endorse a form of cosmic pessimism due to the inevitable destruction of Earth and humanity, allegedly meaning the complete and total annihilation of all traces of humanity's existence ('human expunction'). It could be shown that both the physical basis and philosophical methodology used by Klee to reach those bleak conclusions are at best premature and at worst unwarranted and misleading. Even worse, they reflect a mindset of unjustified and narrow-minded technological and societal pessimism, which contributes to the erosion of the Enlightenment values, the loss of public interest in space research and colonization, and could indeed increase vulnerability to real – as opposed to uncertain eschatological – global risks humanity is facing in this millennium.


Xiatongjie Landslide is a new landslide which occurred on an old one which located in Changdu town, Tibet. Tts breakage has occurred since 2001. The geologic condition of the landslide has been studied by abundant fieldwork in this paper. Through the analysis of the old landslide's deformation characteristics and long-time monitoring, the formation mechanism is studied. Based on the damage character of the landslide, the influential factors for the revival and deformation of the landslide have been discussed. The new landslide was formed by many reasons, such as the function of the river, rainfall, people's action and geologic conditions. The main factor is the irrational action of the local people, especially of the No.214 national highway across the landslide leading the resist-slide part had been destroyed. Another important factor is the continual deviant rainfall of 3 years. Parameter of the landslide declined with the durative rainfall. Based on the research, countermeasures have been carried out in this paper. Xiatongjie Landslide is a typical one in east Tibet, so the research about it can be used for reference to analogical area.


Corticosteroids (CS) have been anecdotally reported to improve chronic lung disease (CLD) in premature infants. Concern over equivocal results and long-term CNS effects prompted us to review our clinical experience. Between 01/78 and 11/80 we cared for 16 premature infants with clinical and X-ray diagnosis of CLD, O2 requirement >30 days and AaDO2 >100 who received CS for >48 hrs (mean dose 4.04 ± 1.66 mg/kg/day prednisone equivalent). A positive response to CS was defined as a >30% drop in AaDO2 by days 4-6 post introduction of CS which was sustained for >7 days. Eight positive responses in 8 infants and 10 failures to respond in another 8 infants were found. Responders had lower birth-weights (p <0.01), gestational ages (p <0.05) and gained more weight/day prior to CS (p <0.01) as compared to nonresponders and decreased PCO2 (p <0.05) pre- and post CS. There was no difference between the two groups in mean AaDO2, weight at time of treatment, or the dose given, X-ray appearance, postnatal age, mortality and duration of O2 therapy. Nine infants with CLD who did not receive CS were selected as a control group. Only one had a dramatic but transient decrease in O2 requirement similar to the defined positive response. In conclusion, 50% of infants receiving CS had a dramatic improvement in their lung function. However, it is unclear whether this treatment altered their long-term outcome. CS responsiveness may be a function of some unrecognized etiologic difference or complication of CLD.


Nb/Al-Ge alloy composites were fabricated into multifilamentary wires through a modified jelly roll (MJR) process. A Nb mesh sheet was used as the Nb component. An Al-Ge alloy prepared by a conventional casting process was forged and rolled into a sheet of 0.2 mm in thickness. The Nb/Al-Ge composite was prepared by wrapping the Nb mesh sheet together with the Al-Ge alloy sheet around a Nb core into a jelly-roll form. The MJR composite was encased in a Cu-Ni alloy tube of which the outer diameter was 43 mm. The resulting composite was hydrostatically pressed and extruded into a rod of 18 mm in diameter. A Nb barrier was then inserted between the MJR and the Cu-Ni jacket. The composite rod was swaged and drawn into a wire without any intermediate annealing. The wire was able to be drawn down to a very small diameter of 0.1 mm. The cross-sectional configuration of the MJR composite was not much disturbed by the fabrication. An onset T/sub c/ of 19.3 K has been achieved. >


Libraries run the risk of obsolescence unless they can develop a digitally relevant new philosophy of what they are for. We need to identify the niche which differentiates what we offer, the unique selling point that means we are not competing with Google or Microsoft. Such a philosophy will then determine the approach to users, services, content and our own skill set. The world is increasingly populated by those with different literacies, for whom reading and writing in the way past generations have understood these are becoming optional lifestyle choices and not the normal requirement of the intelligent individual. We must provide services and collections relevant to their needs rather than expect them to change to fit our preconceptions.


Appropriately in the run up to the 14th EAA Conference, to be held in Valletta, Malta, this issue includes three reviews of books relating to aspects of Maltese archaeology, two of them concerning the prehistoric megalithic 'temples' for which Malta has rightly long been famous. More recently, however, Malta has also become synonymous for European archaeologists with the European Convention on the Protection of the Archaeological Heritage (Revised). Thus it is equally appropriate that we have an article in this issue in which Willem Willems gives us his valuable and entertaining personal insight into the background to the creation and signing of the Malta (or Valletta) Convention in January 1992. As he explains, in terms of response to be judged by the level of signing and ratification, this Convention must be regarded as one of the Council of Europe's outstanding success stories. But do this widespread signing and the (slightly less widespread) ratification of the Convention mean that our archaeological heritage is uniformly and satisfactorily protected throughout Europe? Many would argue that, worthy though it certainly is, the Convention provides no automatic guarantees of appropriate standards and practices. The UK Government, one of the original signatories to the Convention and ostensibly one of its main supporters, did not ratify it until 2000, with 'implementation' following in 2001. At the time this ratification created quite a flurry of vociferous protests from those who envisaged the Convention leading to highly restrictive practices, such as the licensing of all excavations and the blanket banning of the use of metal detectors. It was predicted that ultimately the Convention would lead to the complete 'death' of amateur involvement in archaeology. As it transpired this reaction was misguided in all respects, and it is actually difficult to discern anything affecting the protection of the archaeological heritage in the UK that can be related to the formal implementation of the Malta Convention. Admittedly, since 2001, there have been very few changes to the UK's primary legislation affecting the heritage (in fact little change since the Ancient Monuments and Archaeological Areas Act of 1979), and it is possible that legislation in


Sentiment-based text categorization(for short,sentiment classification) is a task of classifying text according to the subjective information in the text.Nowadays,it has been closely studied in the research field of natural language processing(NLP) due to its wide real applications.As a result,many supervised machine learning classification approaches have been applied to this task.In this paper,we research on four classification approaches and propose a new combination method based on stacking to combine these four approaches.Experimental results show that our combination method achieves better performances than the best single one.Therefore,this combination method can avoid selecting a suitable classification approach according to different domains.


We consider the factor payment effects of a transition from open access to restricted access in the resource sector in the long-run, i.e., when both labor and capital are mobile between sectors. We show that the transition benefits (harms) the factor that is initially used more (less) intensively in the manufacturing sector relative to the resource sector. Our analysis introduces a dual approach used to compare equilibria between property regime types.


This paper is based on detailed study [1], over two years, of sixteen small companies based in the northern region of the U.K. the study was concerned with the way in which the companies pursued different lines of product and market development. the research was characterized by experimental 'action inputs' designed to allow observation of the impact of different types of 'software'(information, counselling, training/education) support on the development process.

On the basis of this observation the paper constructs a model of the development process as a basis for evaluation of 'assistance support'. This model, derived from theoretical concepts, nevertheless has been used in practice by companies for the evaluation of their own specific business development and has also been used for training small firm advisers. Observation of the development process enables a characterization of methods of planning used and evaluation of their influence. This indicates clearly the absence of formal planning models but underlines the importance of the strategic awareness and personal commitment of the owner manager in pursuing particular objectives. Strategic awareness is defined and its relationships with forms of assistance are explored. Implications are then drawn for those who seek to assist small businesses.


Every teacher must have work motivation as a motivate from intrinsic and extrinsic to increase their jobs. Teacher work motivation can get from their headmaster. Headmaster have effectiveness communication to their teacher at school. Effectivenes communication is important to create the culture of organization at school with harmonious. Contribution of headmaster is important to have good school with positive energy and comfortable. Aim the research is to describe how the headmaster in using effectiveness communication to increase teacher work motivation at SDN Mekarjaya 30 Depok. The method of this research is descriptive. Data was collected by in the interview, observation, and literatue study. Data analysis was performed by data reduction, data presentation and conclusion on verifications. The results of this research are headmaster in SDN Mekarjaya 30 Depok implemented the effectiveness communication to the teacher. It can see from the good choosen channel by headmaster to get effectiveness communication, headmaster  understand teacher's personality and character.  Beside that headmaster using body language as a emphasis about the information to easy understand And teacher give the feed back with emphaty and have work motivation.