The deformation process of landslide displacement has complex nonlinear characteristics. In view of the problems of large error, slow convergence and poor stability of the traditional neural network prediction model, in order to better realize the accurate and effective prediction of landslide displacement, this research proposes a landslide displacement prediction model based on Genetic Algorithm (GA) optimized Elman neural network. This model combines the GA with the Elman neural network to optimize the weights, thresholds and the number of hidden neurons of the Elman neural network. It gives full play to the dynamic memory function of the Elman neural network, overcomes the problems that a single Elman neural network can easily fall into local minimums and the neuron data is difficult to determine, thereby effectively improving the prediction performance of the neural network prediction model. The displacement monitoring data of a slow-varying landslide in the Guizhou karst mountainous area are selected to predict and verify the landslide displacement, and the results are compared with the traditional Elman neural network prediction results. The results show that the prediction results of GA-Elman model are in good agreement with the actual monitoring data of landslide. The average error of the model is low and the prediction accuracy is high, which proves that the GA-Elman model can play a role in the prediction of landslide displacement and can provide reference for the early warning of landslide displacement deformation.


This paper has created a finite element model of the side beam on train bogie with ANSYS finite element software. The temperature filed of welding process in the T-joint's three layers 12 welds on the side beams were numerical simulated. The calculation results of temperature field are analyzed and discussed. The results show that the model established using this method can simulate welding process for side beam on train bogie more accurately and be closer to the actual welding temperature field distribution. And provides a theoretical basis and guidance for the analysis of three-dimensional temperature field and the control of welding process in the welded structures for side beam on train bogie.


We assessed the field-scale plant community associations of Carduus nutans and C. acanthoides, two similar, economically important invasive thistles. Several plant species were associated with the presence of Carduus thistles while others, including an important pasture species, were associated with Carduus free areas. Thus, even within fields, areas invaded by Carduus thistles have different vegetation than uninvaded areas, either because some plants can resist invasion or because invasion changes the local plant community. Our results will allow us to target future research about the role of vegetation structure in resisting and responding to invasion.


The paper puts forward a fingerprint identification arithmetic based on fingerprint feature coding.First,we get the center point of fingerprint image,then we produce fingerprint coding by use of Gabor filtration frequency and direction choice,lastly we contrast the input image coding and model coding Euler's distance to make identification.The result shows that the arithmetic,comparing with former arithmetic based on gray scale bias has more high identification rate.


We have studied theoretical and experimental methods of methanol adsorption in micropores of aluminum oxide agglomerates obtained by gas-dispersion synthesis. It is shown that the necessity to use strict equations based on the theory of volume filling of micropores, which implies a physical and formal analogy between the volume filling of micropores and capillary condensation, for qualitative and quantitative description of adsorption equilibrium in open slit-like micropores. The applicability of the proposed equations for the description of adsorption equilibrium in such systems is demonstrated on the example of experimental methanol adsorption/desorption isotherm on the aluminum oxide, which possesses a microporous structure.


Objective To investigate the safety and effectiveness of sirolimus-eluting stent(SES) in the treatment of very long native coronary artery lesions.Methods Forty-one eligible patients were enrolled in the study and followed up for 6 months.At the end of 6 months,coronary angiography was performed.Results There were altogether 45 very long(36 mm)lesions in the 41 patients with mean length of(52.60±15.40) mm,and mean diameter of(2.74±0.10) mm.The mean number of SES per lesion was 2.5.At 6th month,angiographic study showed that stenosis rate in the segment proximal to stent increased from 13%to 15%,in-stent stenosis rate increased from 15% to 22% and stenosis rate of the segment distal to the stent lowered from 25% to 20%.However,all these changes were insignificant,P0.05.Major cardiac adverse events(MACE) included only 1 case of nonfatal myocardial infarction irrelative to stenting and 2 cases of angina pectoris.Conclusion The use of SES in the treatment of very long native coronary artery lisions is safe and effective.


The application of Horizontal Axis Marine Hydrokinetic Turbines to generate electricity is a new technology that promises to produce clean and renewable energy from a highly predictable source. There are significant scientific and technological challenges that need to be overcome before this technology can be deployed in a large scale. The most important issue that needs to be understood for this technology to be efficient is how the turbines in a large array will interact on each other. This is particularly difficult to investigate since array effects can not be investigated experimentally due to high costs and difficulties to obtain permits. Consequently computational simulation has been selected as an efficient method to study these problems and provide a wealth of information to evaluate future turbine designs. The power extraction is investigated through a series of simple turbine arrangements where one turbine is located in the wake of another. The performance of the downstream turbine is analyzed and compared to the upstream one, used as a reference. The power, wake and velocity are studied as a function of downstream spacing. Thus, an optimum is evaluated as a trade-off between total power per unit length of the channel, cost of producing electricity and environmental impact. RESUME L'utilisation d'hydroliennes à axe horizontal pour générer de l'électricité est une technologie nouvelle qui permet la production d'énergie renouvelable à partir de sources connues. Néanmoins, des défis scientifiques et technologiques significatifs doivent être surmontés avant de déployer cette technologie à grande échelle. Pour être rentable, le plus important consiste à comprendre comment des turbines placées au sein d'un large réseau interagissent entre elles. Ceci est particulièrement complexe à mettre en œuvre expérimentalement, étant donnés les coûts financiers et l'obtention difficile d'autorisations. La simulation numérique est donc une alternative efficace au problème et peut fournir nombre d'informations afin d'évaluer la conception future des hydroliennes. La puissance extraite est ici examinée au travers de combinaisons simples, au sein de réseaux de turbines positionnées l'une derrière le sillage de l'autre. Les performances de la turbine en aval du courant sont analysées et comparées à celle de la première, faisant office de référence. La puissance, le sillage et la vitesse sont étudiés en fonction de l'espacement en aval. Une optimisation est donc expérimentée grâce à un compromis en la puissance totale par longueur d'unité d'un canal, le coût de la production électrique, et son impact environnemental. Ensign GOSSET Ensign FLOURIOT French Naval Academy Ref : FYP MP 8 Optimization of Power Extraction in an array of Marine Hydrokinetic Turbines 1 Glossary ABBREVIATIONS LIST OF NOTATION ADM Actuator Disk Model Symbol Designation and Units LHS Left Hand Side Scell Surface of the grid cell (m ) MHK Marine Hydrokinetic Si Mean strain rate QUICK Quadratic Upwind Interpolation for Convective Kinematics U∞, V0 Free stream velocity (m.s-1) V Local velocity (m.s-1) NREL National Renewable Energy Laboratory V Average velocity (m.s) NURBS Non-Uniform Rational Basis Splines Vc Centerline velocity (m.s-1) RANS Reynolds-averaged Navier–Stokes Vcell Volume of the grid cell (m ) SIMPLE Semi-Implicit Method for Pressure-Linked Equations Vd Centerline velocity deficit (m.s-1) Vtot Total velocity (m.s-1) SST Shear-Stress Transport Vy y-velocity (m.s-1) SRF Single Reference Frame Vy/V0 Normalized velocity by the free stream velocity SST Shear-Stress Transport W Width of the domain UDF User Defined Functions X/R Normalized x-coordinate by the radius VBM Virtual Blade Model Y/R Normalized y-coordinate by the radius LIST OF NOTATION Z/R Normalized z-coordinate by the radius Symbol Designation and Units a Axial inductor factor A1 Surface on the actuator disk (m2) c (r/R) Chord length AOA / α Angle of attack (°) d Normalized distance by the radius C2 Pressure jump coefficient (m-1) dtips Distance from the tips to a wall (R) CD Drag coefficient k Turbulent kinetic energy (m2.s-2) CL Lift coefficient lmesh Length of an edge to mesh Cp Power coefficient p Pressure (Pa) D Diameter (m) p1 Pressure on the actuator disk (Pa) F1 Force of the flow on the actuator disk (N) p∞ Pressure on the upstream actuator disk (Pa) FD Drag force (N) r Radial position from the center (m) FL Lift force (N) u, v Velocity (m.s-1) G Resolution of the mesh V Time average of the velocity (m.s-1) p M& Momentum flow rate (kg.m-2.s-1) u1 Velocity on the actuator disk (m.s-1) ∞ M& Momentum flow rate at the inlet (kg.m-2.s-1) u2 Velocity downstream of the actuator disk (m.s-1) d M& Momentum deficit (kg.m-2.s-1) x Lateral coordinate direction (m) Ma Mach number y Longitudinal coordinate direction (m) Nb Number of blades z Vertical coordinate direction (m) Nbi Number of interval counts for meshing Ε Decay rate velocity P Power (kg.m2.s-3) ∆m Thickness of the media (m) Pe Power extracted (kg.m .s) ∆p Pressure drop (Pa) Pemax Maximum power extracted (kg.m .s) α Face permeability (m2) Petotal Total power extracted (kg.m .s) 1/α Viscous resistance coefficient (m-2) Pideal Ideal power extracted by one turbine (kg.m .s) ε Velocity deficit Ptotal Total power available (kg.m .s) η Efficiency R Radius R=5.53m (m) μ Dynamic viscosity (kg.m-1.s-1) Re Reynolds number ρ Density (kg.m-3) S Surface (m2) ω Rotor speed (rpm) Ensign GOSSET Ensign FLOURIOT French Naval Academy Ref : FYP MP 8 Optimization of Power Extraction in an array of Marine Hydrokinetic Turbines 2 Table of contents


This thesis aims to find and show the differences between life testing of wheel loader transmissions in rig and field at Volvo Construction Equipment (Volvo CE). In the following text the wheel loa ...


A linear voltage‐controlled phase shifter has been constructed for use in a feedback loop to measure the amplitude and phase of a signal buried in noise. The feedback circuit has a phase marker output with an accuracy of 0.0025 rad while automatically following an arbitrarily large phase shift. In addition it has one output voltage proportional to the amplitude of the signal and another proportional to its phase with automatic translation in increments of π. A voltage‐controlled oscillator is also described whose frequency and amplitude are proportional to their respective control voltages. The frequency control voltage for this oscillator is also used by the phase shifter circuit to make the proportionality constants for the outputs of the feedback circuit independent of frequency. Thus the circuits described make possible the highly accurate measurement of the transfer function of a two‐port system that outputs more noise than signal.


This paper gives a survey of results on the time required to evaluate arithmetic expressions with several parallel processors, and also includes several new results. It is shown that an arithmetic expression with n distinct atoms, and operations of addition and multiplication over a ring can be evaluated in time 4 log2 n + 2(n− 1)/p using p processors. If division is allowed, the time is 4 log2 n+10(n−1)/p (as shown in [3]). These results are within small constant factors of the best possible. It is also shown that the algorithm for parallel evaluation of expressions without division is numerically stable in the sense of backward error analysis. Comments Only the Abstract is given here. The full paper appeared as [2]. The paper improves a result of Brent, Kuck and Maruyama [1] by reducing the number of processors required. The numerical stability result is new. The result on expressions including division appears in [3]. However, the error analysis does not carry over to expressions with division.


New algorithms are presented that use transit vehicles as probes for determining traffic speeds and travel times along freeways and other primary arterials. A mass transit tracking system based on automatic vehicle location data and a Kalman filter used to estimate vehicle position and speed are described. A system of virtual probe sensors that measure transit vehicle speeds by using the track data is also described. Examples showing the correlation between probe data and inductance loop speed-trap data are presented. Also presented is a method that uses probe sensor data to define vehicle speed along an arbitrary roadway as a function of space and time, a speed function. This speed function is used to estimate travel time given an arbitrary starting time. Finally, a graphical application is introduced for viewing real-time speed measurements from a set of virtual sensors that can be located throughout King County, Washington, on arterials and freeways.


I have endeavored to show that the "gray outlook" that some of the critics have complained about in Frost's poems was well offset early in his career by a sly and subtle humor that rarely failed the poet, and by the sheer beauty of the New England background.


To overcome the drawbacks of the existing pneumatic force-controlled end-effector, such as low dynamic response and low force control accuracy, a novel pneumatic-electric force-controlled end-effector is proposed in this paper. It consists of a base, a moving platform, a voice coil motor (VCM), a nitrogen spring, and six extension springs. By integrating the VCM with a nitrogen spring and six extension springs parallelly, the proposed force-controlled end-effector has the advantages of high output force, high dynamic response, and high force-control accuracy. The dynamic analysis of the VCM and the stiffness analysis of the nitrogen spring are conducted. Based on the dynamic model of the system, a PID based force controller is implemented. To validate the proposed design, modelling, and control approaches, a prototype of the pneumatic-electric end-effector is fabricated. Experimental results show that the pneumatic-electric end-effector achieves excellent force-control performance with ±0.1N force control accuracy and 70ms response time.


The primary cause of the defective hemostasis in hemophilia is the lack of thromboplastinogen in the blood. This anomaly is congenital and hereditary. The mechanism whereby the concentration of thromboplastinogen is depressed in the blood is not known and no satisfactory explanation can be given why the defect manifests itself only in the male. The degree of the hypothromboplastinogenemia determines the intrinsic severity of the disease. The diagnosis is based on establishing the existence of a bleeding tendency from birth, in demonstrating a deficiency of thromboplastinogen in the blood, and in finding a typical hereditary pattern.


Objective: With the advent of ambulatory blood pressure monitoring has come the awareness that blood pressure (BP) normally drops, or "dips," at night by roughly 10%. A number of pathological conditions have been associated with the nondipping of nocturnal BP. In general, researchers have looked at dipping in neurological and cardiovascular disorders. We examined the extent to which nocturnal nondipping might be influenced by relatively gross measures of social environment. Methods: This study examined 78 healthy adults and adults with mild hypertension who were not currently receiving medication, aged 25 to 52 years (mean age = 38.2). Forty-two participants self-identified as black and 36 identified as white. Results: Age, body mass index, apnea-hypopnea index, screening BP, ethnicity, and socioeconomic status (SES) were significantly associated with nocturnal BP dipping, accounting for 41% of the variance in dipping (F[6,51] = 5.473, p


Jet production is studied as a link between hadron- and lepton-induced reactions and interpreted in terms of models of underlying quark dynamics. One discusses how fragmentation distributions, quantum number flow, the charged-momentum vector, and quark counting rules can discriminate among various possible jet structures. One also reviews recent work on the possible relation of the rising hadron multiplicity to quark confinement and color gauge theories. A number of new tests of quark models in hadron, photon, and lepton collisions are discussed.


This chapter contains sections titled: Introduction ITL Curriculum Summary, Learning Outcomes, and Assessment Challenges of Using Service-Learning for Program Assessment Clients and Projects IT Service-Learning and the Liberal Arts Project Management as a Framework for ITL Service-Learning Challenge of Service-Learning as a Major Requirement Summary and Conclusions


This is an independent evaluation of the Skills for Care funded 'Safer Restraint' project, run by Disability Sheffield, Active Independence Doncaster and the Sheffield Individual Employer and PA Development Group.


Data transmission studies of a 1.4 m long multimode polymer spiral waveguide using an 850 nm VCSEL are presented. Error-free 25 Gb/s data transmission is demonstrated over that waveguide length, achieving a record bandwidth-length product of 21 GHz×m.


Numerous reports have raised fears about the quality of careers advice. Principal Richard Bannister shares his advice for raising standards in schools by engaging with external expertise


The present invention discloses a novel use of pharmaceutical naringenin. The new use of the present invention is disclosed in the application preparation naringenin the prevention and / or treatment of abdominal aortic aneurysms product. Said product comprising a medicament and / or health products. The present invention uses two models of abdominal aortic aneurysm disease clinically relevant: angiotensin II (1000ng / kg / min) induced by a subcutaneous pump buried in ApoE knockout mice and calcium phosphate (0.5M) in addition to the applicator abdominal aorta induced locally the C57 mice abdominal aortic aneurysm. Experiments show that the oral gavage naringenin, could significantly inhibit the development and spread CaPO4 AngII pump buried in mice induced abdominal aortic aneurysm, may be used for treatment of abdominal aortic aneurysm patients.


As long as the use of PC machine,Proteus simulation software can complete the SCM and its peripheral circuit simulation,and is widely used to MCU teaching in recent years.Student learn SCM knowledge on the basis of Proteus platform,it is more intuitive and can stimulate students' interest in study,improve the students' comprehensive design capabilities and help to enhance the teaching result.


We apply skein relations to derive recurrence relations for the HOMFLY polynomials of a family of Brunnian links. Solution of the recurrence relations yields closed-form formulas for the HOMFLY and hence the Jones polynomials.


The article analyzes the current level of production and processing of curly flax seeds. Much attention is paid to the issues of yield and gross yield of curly flax by categories of farms, as well as in the territorial context. A model for forecasting gross harvests from yield and sown areas is proposed.


Although great advances have been achieved in organic electroluminescence fields, highly efficient deep blue materials are still limited. In this work, two sp3 linker connected bipolar arylsilanes,...


The performance of an InN based hot carrier solar cell with a bulk InN absorber has been evaluated using an innovative approach that takes into account absorber energy-momentum dispersion relations, energy conservation, Auger recombination and impact ionization mechanisms simultaneously. The non ideality of the energy selective filters has also been included in the model. In order to obtain practical achievable values of conversion efficiency, the actual thermalisation velocity of hot carriers in InN has been measured using time resolved photoluminescence. Results of the computations shown limiting efficiencies of 24% for 1000 suns and 36.2% for maximal concentration.


OBJECTIVES
Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation to support cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) is increasingly used in children suffering cardiac arrest after cardiac surgery. However, its efficacy in promoting survival has not been evaluated. We compared survival of pediatric cardiac surgery patients suffering in-hospital cardiac arrest who were resuscitated with extracorporeal CPR (E-CPR) to those resuscitated with conventional CPR (C-CPR) using propensity matching.

DESIGN
Retrospective study using multicenter data from the American Heart Association Get With The Guidelines-Resuscitation registry (2008-2020).

SETTING
Multicenter cardiac arrest database containing cardiac arrest and CPR data from U.S. hospitals.

PATIENTS
Cardiac surgical patients younger than 18 years old who suffered in-hospital cardiac arrest and received greater than or equal to 10 minutes of CPR.

INTERVENTIONS
None.

MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS
Among 1223 patients, 741 (60.6%) received C-CPR and 482 (39.4%) received E-CPR. E-CPR utilization increased over the study period (p < 0.001). Duration of CPR was longer in E-CPR compared with C-CPR recipients (42 vs. 26 min; p < 0.001). In a propensity score matched cohort (382 E-CPR recipients, 382 C-CPR recipients), E-CPR recipients had survival to discharge (odds ratio [OR], 2.22; 95% CI, 1.7-2.9; p < 0.001). E-CPR survival was only higher when CPR duration was greater than 18 minutes. Propensity matched analysis using patients from institutions contributing at least one E-CPR case (n = 35 centers; 353 E-CPR recipients, 353 C-CPR recipients) similarly demonstrated improved survival in E-CPR recipients compared with those who received C-CPR alone (OR, 2.08; 95% CI, 1.6-2.8; p < 0.001).

CONCLUSIONS
E-CPR compared with C-CPR improved survival in children suffering cardiac arrest after cardiac surgery requiring CPR greater than or equal to 10 minutes.


ion. The film I use for this is the Fujifilm Instax, an instant image that comes out within seconds of taking the picture, and creates a miniature composition filled with vivid colors. Working with the photos is difficult; the photographs were never an inspiration or a basis for my sculptures. I continually took photographs with the idea in mind that each photo was another memory or part in the grander narrative. I consulted many different artists who approached the use of photography in their sculptural work, to try and establish exactly how I would approach my use specific use of photography. However, I found that these same artists used photography as an inherent part of process, using the photographic image as they would a rough sketch. One of those artists is Olafur Eliasson. I was immediately drawn to his photography and though his work is quite different than my own, in the book Olafur Eliasson: Photographs, looking at his work led to a breakthrough in my own personal considerations. Eliasson used his photography as a study of movement to replicate later in his installations and sculptural pieces (such as Tate Modern atrium (London, England) in 2003 and the man-made waterfalls constructed in the East River in New York City directly adjacent to the Brooklyn Bridge in 2008). Whereas Eliasson's sculptures are the reformatting of familiar geological features repositioned in a gallery context (or sometimes in an urban setting), his photographs are the study of those geological features. Of all of the works in Photographs, one collection that I found very interesting was his Waterfall Series (Fig. 4). I found it enticing because of the repetitive movements; though most of these waterfalls are in different places, because each movement is similar


In late 1947, the Iraqi poet Nazik al-Mala'ika published "Cholera," a poem inspired by radio reports about the epidemic then raging through Egypt, one of the largest cholera outbreaks of the twentieth century, which left twenty thousand dead in its wake. Al-Mala'ika's poem, first printed in the Lebanesemagazine al-'Uruba (Arabism), is awork of anguishedwitness. The poet urges her readers to "listen" to the cries of the dying and the lamentations of the bereaved as they echo along the Nile Valley ("C"). She figures the disease as a vengeful fury whose casualties are too numerous to count. For the first fifty-one lines of "Cholera," a monostrophic poem of four thirteen-line stanzas, the speaker hovers over the foreign scene like a tragic chorus. She sets the drama in motion and adds her horrified commentary. In the final verse, she steps forward to apostrophize the victim: "O Egypt, I am shattered by what death has done" ("C"). "Cholera"was awatershed inArabic literature. During the 1950s and '60s it served as a touchstone for poets across the Middle East, not so much for its content, which many readers found excessively sentimental, as for its technical innovations. Al-Mala'ika composed her poem in one of the sixteen classical Arabic meters, essentially unchanged since pre-Islamic times and codified in the eighth century, but she used a variable number of feet (taf 'ila) per line, thereby dispensing with the uniform line lengths and hemistichal division of conventional verse. Rather than being formed into


Robots have been proceeded to be introduced into operations with constraints from the manipulated object such as deburring, human assisting. In these operations, not only the position but also the operating force has to be controlled, and the proper compliance is required to absorb oscillations or impact forces. A pneumatic robot with the inherent compliance due to the air compressibility can meet this requirement. However, for its practical applications, the improvement of the controllability is essential. The hybrid control is one of methods to control both the position and the force simultaneously. The purpose of this study is to realize the hybrid control of high performance with the pneumatic robot. To execute the hybrid control, both position and force control systems have to be constructed. Generally, in this kind of robot the force control is relatively easy, but the satisfactory position control performance is not easy to obtain. Firstly, to overcome this deficiency, a sliding mode control with a pressure feedback compensation is proposed and applied to the position control. It can stabilize the response by inhibiting the chattering being a serious problem in the usual sliding mode control, and realize the continuous path control which has been considered to be difficult for a pneumatic robot. Next, the hybrid control is implemented using this position control manner in combination with usual PI type force control. As a result, the satisfactory performance can be obtained. Further, it is pointed out that to obtain the higher control performance some considerations for the friction are necessary.


Aquaporin‐4 (AQP4) is a water‐selective transport protein expressed in glial cells throughout the central nervous system. AQP4 deletion in mice produces alterations in several neuroexcitation phenomena, including hearing, vision, epilepsy, and cortical spreading depression. Here, we report defective olfaction and electroolfactogram responses in AQP4‐null mice. Immunofluorescence indicated strong AQP4 expression in supportive cells of the nasal olfactory epithelium. The olfactory epithelium in AQP4‐null mice had identical appearance, but did not express AQP4, and had ~ 12‐fold reduced osmotic water permeability. Behavioral analysis showed greatly impaired olfaction in AQP4‐null mice, with latency times of 17 ± 0.7 vs. 55 ± 5 s in wild‐type vs. AQP4‐null mice in a buried food pellet test, which was confirmed using an olfactory maze test. Electroolfactogram voltage responses to multiple odorants were reduced in AQP4‐null mice, with maximal responses to triethylamine of 0.80 ± 0.07 vs. 0.28 ± 0.03 mV. Similar olfaction and electroolfactogram defects were found in outbred (CD1) and inbred (C57/b16) mouse genetic backgrounds. Our results establish AQP4 as a novel determinant of olfaction, the deficiency of which probably impairs extracellular space K+ buffering in the olfactory epithelium.—Lu, D. C., Zhang, H., Zador, Z., Verkman, A. S. Impaired olfaction in mice lacking aquaporin‐4 water channels. FASEB J. 22, 3216–3223 (2008)


In this work we analyse the field effect in granular metal films and propose a current-switching device utilizing this effect. It is shown as a result of numerical modelling that efficient current modulation can be achieved in thin granular films if the ratio between charging energy of granules Ec0 and thermal energy kT is not less than 10 and the amplitude of the random potential is low compared to the charging energy.


[1] Tropospheric ozone (O3) enhancements have been continuously observed over Hong Kong. We studied the O3 enhancement events and assessed their relation to the springtime O3 maximum in the lower troposphere over Hong Kong using a 6-year (1993 to 1999) ozonesonde data set. We identified the source regions of biomass burning emission, and established the chemical and transport characteristics of O3-rich air masses in the enhanced O3 profiles using satellite imagery, air trajectory and trace gas data measured on board the DC-8 aircraft during the PEM-West-B experiment. We identified a total of 39 O3 enhancement events, among which 35 events (90%) occurred from late February to May and 30 events (77%) had O3 enhancement within the 2.0–6.0 km altitude. The excess O3 in the O3-rich layers adds an additional 12% of O3 into the tropospheric O3 column and results in an overall springtime O3 maximum in the lower troposphere. Forward trajectory analysis suggests that the O3-rich air masses over Hong Kong can reach central Pacific and the western coast of North America within 10 days. Back air trajectories show that the O3-rich air masses in the enhanced profiles pass over the Southeast (SE) Asia subcontinent, where active biomass burning occurs in the O3 enhancement period. We identified the Indo-Burma region containing Burma, Laos and northern Thailand, and the Indian-Nepal region containing northern India and Nepal as the two most active regions of biomass burning emissions in the SE Asia subcontinent. Ozone and trace gas measurement on board the DC-8 aircraft revealed that O3-rich air masses are found over many parts of the tropical SE Asia and subtropical western Pacific regions and they have similar chemical characteristics. The accompanying trace gas measurements suggest that the O3-rich air masses are rich in biomass burning tracer, CH3Cl, but not the general urban emission tracers. We thus believe that the springtime O3 enhancement over Hong Kong is as a result of transport of photochemical O3 produced from biomass burning emissions from the upwind SE Asian continent. The large-scale enhancements of O3 in tropical SE Asia and the subtropical western Pacific rim that result from SE Asian biomass burning activities such as presented here thus are of atmospheric importance and deserve further research efforts.


The SciBar Cosmic ray telescope (SciCRT) is installed on the top of the Sierra Negra volcano with the main goal of observing solar neutrons to investigate the ion acceleration process during solar flares. Using scintillator bars as a medium to stop energetic particles, the SciCRT is capable of recording both energy deposited on the bars and direction of the incoming particles with high resolution. The original DAQ system was used in neutrino oscillation experiment (low event rate), therefore operation of the electronics on cosmic ray experiment is limited. To improve the SciCRT performance as a solar neutron telescope, development of custom made DAQ electronics is essential. Our first step onto this task was the design and construction of a new fast readout back-end board using SiTCP. The installation of this new system on Sierra Negra and its further improvement on the data acquisition for the detector will be analyzed on separate paper on this conference. The development of new front end electronics is the next stage of the upgrading process. To achieve this goal, we are developing new electronics applying the time over threshold (ToT) technique, using a FPGA to process the signal from one 64 channel multi anode photomutiplier tube (MAPMT). In this paper we will present the details of this new system and several tests performed to guarantee its proper operation to detect solar neutrons.


New experimental information has been obtained recently on shape coexistence features in 43S27 and 44S28. These data confirm that Sulfur isotopes, in the vicinity of N = 28, belong to a region of spherical‐deformed shape transition between 48Ca and 42Si. In this paper, the onset of collectivity and its impact on the structure of N∼28 isotones is discussed.New experimental information has been obtained recently on shape coexistence features in 43S27 and 44S28. These data confirm that Sulfur isotopes, in the vicinity of N = 28, belong to a region of spherical‐deformed shape transition between 48Ca and 42Si. In this paper, the onset of collectivity and its impact on the structure of N∼28 isotones is discussed.


Service fairness of traffic with different granularities in elastic optical networks is addressed and correspondingly a fairness-aware spectrum allocation scheme is proposed. Simulation results imply that it achieves service fairness without significant blocking performance deterioration.


Periodontal disease may lead to gingival recession causing elongated clinical crown height and formation of black triangle in the interproximal area. Acrylic gingival prosthesis is a noninvasive, economical restorative procedure to artificially replace the lost gingival tissue. This artificial prosthesis overcomes the pitfall of extensive surgical corrective procedure. This article aims to describe a clinical case with advanced gingival recession with diastema between the upper anterior teeth, which was esthetically rehabilitated with acrylic gingival veneer prosthesis.


This chapter centres on discussion of some of the ethical, feminist, emotional and methodological issues associated with how rapport is gained, maintained, and 'used' in qualitative interviews. Our interest in rapport was stimulated by our own research,1 where we found that in order to persuade some of our women interviewees2 to talk freely, we needed consciously to exercise our interviewing skills in 'doing rapport' with – or rather to – them. Uncomfortably, we came to realize that even feminist interviewing could sometimes be viewed as a kind of job where, at the heart of our outwardly friendly interviews, lay the instrumental purpose of persuading interviewees to provide us with data for our research, and also (hopefully) for our future careers. Our discomfort in our research interviews has broader analogies and deeper roots. For example, there are strong parallels between 'doing rapport' and the kinds of 'emotion work' that women, in particular, perform in their relationships by simulating empathy to make others feel good (Hochschild, 1983). Hochschild has argued that the spread of jobs where women are paid to simulate empathy represents the 'commercialization' of human feeling, and those who do such work run the risk of feeling, and indeed actually becoming, 'phoney' and 'inauthentic' (Hochschild, 1983). Seen in this light, feelings of 'insincerity' that we sometimes experience as interviewers can be linked to the pressures of commercialization in the 'job' of qualitative interviewing; even within feminist research (see also Bott, 2010). An obvious starting point for a discussion of ethical issues associated with rapport is the early seminal article by Ann Oakley, which has played a large part in opening up feminist discussion of this 'commonly used but ill-defined term' (Oakley, 1981: 35). Oakley criticized the model of 'rapport' advocated in methods textbooks for being instrumental, hierarchical and non-reciprocal, qualities she characterized as would-be 'professional' and 'scientific', and basically masculine. By aiming to suppress the role of gender and individual personality in interview relationships, this model failed to


MODIS has wide spectral range and spatial coverage, as well as the continuous coverage MODIS will provide over time, and observes the Earth as a unified nature, which is necessary for multidisciplinary studies of land, ocean, atmospheric processes and so on, at the same time, it provide us the global data for at least 15 years. All of these characters made the great use of MODIS data. Today the data of MODIS is usually used in the long term observation of the earth, the monitoring of earth environment and natural disasters. With its great important use and then there are many studies were worked on the data process of MODIS data. For the data process of MODIS, such as eliminate of bowtie and stripe noise, there are many method theories, but what is more easily is that we process these in mature RS software. In this paper, we introduced the reason of appearance of bowtie and stripe noise and the method to process these of MODIS 1B in ENVI and ERDAS, At the same time we use sample data with several corresponding processes to get verification.


A automatic measuring system based on C++ Builder for its designing platform was introduced.It is made use of the technology of RS-232 serial communication.The test result indicates that the system works stably and reliably.The system software hardware are successful.


The goal is a fault-tolerant, self-aware, low-power, multi-core computer for space missions with thousands of simple cores, achieving speed through concurrency. A second goal is that the system is not difficult to program. The proposed machine decides how to achieve concurrency, in real-time, rather than programmers who now spend considerable effort carefully orchestrating every data item's location and movement. Closely related, fault-tolerant and power-aware re-organizing behavior is automatic. The driving features of the system are: simple hardware that is modular in the extreme, with no shared memory, and software with significant run-time reorganizing capability.1 2


Technical Success: • Structure of uncooled Vox proposed to be composite of nanocrystalline and amorphous material • α silicon/germanium electrical properties (TCR, resistivity, 1/f) were correlated to the microcrystallinity • Transport modeling indicated a possible mechanism for the difference between α silicon and VOx Approach: • Molecular structure modeling, predictive transport modeling and process control modeling. •Thin film growth, material modification and process integration • Chemical, structural and temporal characterization • Electronic transport and optical characterization, testing and analysis


A flue gas scrubbing system was developed by Exxon Co. U.S.A. for the control of particles and sulfur oxides emissions from FCCU's. The pH of the scrubber liquid, which is a buffer solution, is maintained by the addition of either caustic or soda ash. The system is compatible with either high temperature regeneration systems or CO boilers, which are used to control emissions of CO, NH/sub 3/, and hydrocarbons. Where applicable, the flue gas scrubbing system is generally more efficient than the combination of electrostatic precipitators and feed desulfurization. Operation of Exxon's flue gas scrubbing system requires no changes in FCCU operation and has no impact on the quality of FCCU products. Exxon now has a total of over ten years operating experience on the four jet ejector venturi scrubbers in its refineries. These commercial units have demonstrated over 90% particulate removal and over 95% sulfur oxides removal. A high energy venturi srubber, the first of its kind on an FCCU, is now being designed for a licensee application.


This paper put forward an algorithm to verify data's integrity.By introducing bilinear pairings,client chose challenge data randomly and send them to cloud server,server returned proof,then could conclude the outsourced data's integrity through judging the balance of equation.Trusted third party could avoid the risk of dispute.It can realize infinite verification of outsourced data's integrity without local copy,and consider the interest of client and server both.


The paper describes the technology of manufacturing a construction product by vibrocompression using ash and slag waste from thermal power plants in the Pavlodar region. The task of the experimental research was to obtain a hollow wall stone based on ash and slag waste with a strength grade that is not inferior to products made according to the traditional recipe. The obtained samples with different ratios of components in the mixture were investigated for compressive strength, moisture absorption, frost resistance. It has been established that when ash and slag waste are added to the composition of the concrete mixture in an amount of up to 35 % of the mass of dry components, the strength characteristics of the hollow wall stone correspond to the selected brand


Objective:To prepare recombinant human interferon α-2b(rhIFN α-2b)liposomes and develop a method to determinate entrapment efficiency for controlling and inspecting its qualities.Methods:The interferon α -2b liposomes were prepared by film dispersion method and the activities of interferon α-2b were determined by the enzyme linked immunoassay(ELISA).The recovery and viability within plate and between plates were deter- mined.Free and liposomal rhIFN α 2b were separated by ultracentrifugation which was performed for 2 h at 60000 r·min~(-1)and a temperature of 4℃.The supernatant(containing free rhlFN α-2b)was collected and then as- sayed,and the total amount of rhlFN α-2b in liposomes preparation was determined by ELISA.The trapping effi- ciency was calculated.Results:The within-plate relative standard deviation values was no more than 9.4%(n= 5).The entrapment efficiencies of three batches of interferon α-2b liposomes were respectively 30.3%,32.0%, 29.4%.Conclusions:Ultracentrifugation-ELISA method is fit to determinate the entrapment efficiency of interter- on α-2b liposomes.


The drugs currently available for treatment of glaucoma are α-blockers, sympathomimetics, carbonic anhydrase inhibitors (CAIs) and prostaglandin analogues1. Apart from their use in glaucoma to reduce IOP, the antiglaucoma drugs are also used routinely for pre-operative reduction of IOP even in nonglaucomatous patients subjected for intraocular surgery to prevent expulsive haemorrhage and bulging of anterior segment. Objectives : To assess the safety and tolerability of 2% dorzolamide and 0.5% timolol maleate in Pre-operative Cataract patients. Materials and Methods : A prospective, comparative study enrolling 60 Pre-operative Cataract patients (30 in each group) attending Ophthalmology inpatient department in Kempe Gowda Institute of Medical Science Hospital and Research Centre. Dorzolamide was instilled thrice daily and timolol maleate twice daily for 2 days. IOP was measured on zero, 2 nd , 24 th and 48 th hours and also looked for side effects. Results : The mean reduction of IOP was 17.1% with dorzolamide and 18.9% with timolol maleate. Both the drugs were tolerated very well without any systemic adverse effect and the local side effects were comparatively less with dorzolamide. Conclusion : Efficacy of dorzolamide in decreasing IOP in Pre-operative Cataract patients was almost comparable to timolol, and dorzolamide appeared to be relatively better tolerated.


Pasar yang kompetitif, membuat perusahaan harus memiliki inoviatif  dalam menghasilkan produksi. Perusahaan harus membuat barang dengan harga rendah tetapi tidak mengurangi kualitas produk.  Supaya dapat mencapai sasaran perusahaan,  maka  diperlukan solusi dalam mengatasi kompetitif semakin tinggi dipasaran. Produk pelapah sawit dalam proses pembuatan membutuhkan waktu yang sangat lama dikarenakan terdapat beberapa proses pengulangan sehingga menghambat waktu proses produksi. Permasalahan dihadap diperusahaan dalam Alat pencacah pelepah sawit adalah tidak adanya SOP dalam proses pembuatan alat pencacah pelapah sawit dan operator dalam proses pembuatan kurang pelatihan. Bagian memiliki desain berat dibagian penutup sehingga menyebabkan kerumitan dalam proses pembuatan. Pemasangan penutup pelepah sawit tergolong rumit dikarenakan penutup sangat berat sehingga membutuhkan beberapa operator untuk membuatnya. Proses pembuatan tergolong manual sehingga membutuhkan minimal dua operator dalam memasang penutup pelapah sawit. Proses pembuatan penutup dengan cara manual sehingga memnbutuhkan proses pengulangan dalam pembuatan penutup agar dapat dipasang dengan baik. Ketidaktelitian dalam pemasangan penutup akan menyebabkan tidak akan menyatunya baut dengan penutup. Proses pembuatan penutup pelapah sawit para pekerja harus membungkuk selama berjam-jam dikarenakan mesin pelapah sawit yang rendah dan alat penutup yang berat membuat operator harus memasang dengan cara membungkuk. Alat dikatakan tidak ergonomis sehingga perlu dilakukan perbaikan agar memudahkan operator dalam pembuatan alat pelapah sawit.

This competitive market has become a challenge for companies today. In order for the company to survive, it is necessary to guarantee the quality of the product, guarantee of the cost, and reduce the mismatch of the production schedule so that the product can be produced on time. So that these goals can be achieved, then a solution is needed in overcoming increasingly high competition. The emergence of the potential for poor feed products leads to time loss, stemming from the amount of repetitive work that greatly saves time. Enumeration problems that cause companies not to implement standardized enumeration processes by workers so much work that does the enumeration Installation of the enumerator room cover using 6 pieces of bolts that must be opened and fitted with a spanner so that the operator takes longer each time to use the tool. The drive engine uses a manual start system, starting the engine with a crank drive which often causes musculosceletal complaints and can injure the operator. The process of counting the palm fronds is transferred manually to the chopper feeder mouthpiece. The position of the feeder funnel requires the operator to work in a bent position for ± 6 hours each consideration related to the pain of the chopper operator. The results of the chopped stem are still rough with a size of 5 cm which cannot be given directly to the livestock so that it can injure the stomach of the livestock.


Problem statement: Before this study was done there were no reports of similar studies in Trinidad whereas similar study had been reported from other parts of the World including the Caribbean sub-region. The present study was thus designed to investigate the incidence and demographics of leiomyomata and polycystic ovary syndrome in women in two health institutions in Trinidad during the period from 2000-2003, inclusive. The study also sought to establish the prevalence of the established risk factors viz. age, ethnicity, parity and gravidity and to examine their relationship with the two disease conditions. Approach: The study population included only women who were diagnosed with or treated for these conditions at the Mt. Hope Medical Science Complex and San Fernando General Hospital in Trinidad and Tobago during the specified period. Results: The most common presenting complaints were vaginal bleeding and colicky lower abdominal pain for fibroids and polycystic ovarian syndrome respectively. The majority of the fibroid cases were aged between 40 and 49 years. Similarly most of the patients with polycystic ovary were aged between 20 and 29 years. Hysterectomy was the most frequent surgical intervention. Prior to this, patients were placed on haematinics for anaemia and analgesics for pain. Conclusion: The present study has provided the database that could be harnessed in improving the health care delivery system for the population of Trinidad in different ways as discussed in the text of the article.


In 1972 I tendered for a 50th Anniversary film production for Carey Baptist Grammar School. My proposal was a little different from the usual in as much as I suggested that the school use the funds raised by the council to buy essential film production equipment, then hire me to come in and train students to make their own film about the school. The Headmaster thought this was a good scheme and he accepted it. In fact he went one stage further and asked me if I would stay on to ensure that the film-making experience would be an ongoing thing. I accepted on a part-time basis and I'm still there, and enjoying myself immensely.


Roughly speaking, there are two types of people: those who think that a robot is only a machine made and controlled by humans and those who think that a robot has its own personality. The second type feel that robots have agency and experience. We hypothesized that the second type of people would tend to believe in paranormal entities because they can accept intelligent entities other than humans. Also, we hypothesized that this type would not lose any trust in a robot when it makes a mistake. To verify these hypotheses, we calculated the correlation coefficient between how much participants believed in paranormal entities and how much they felt a robot to have agency, experience, and to be trustworthy when the robot made a mistake We conducted an experiment on the web. As a result, we observed that participants who believed in paranormal entities tended to feel that a robot had agency and experience and thought that the robot made a mistake for its own personal reasons. Also, these participants did not find the robot to be less trustworthy when it made a mistake. These findings suggest a relationship between robots and paranormal entities and inspired a new model for describing what participants feel about robots.


Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) has been recognized as the backbone to a country's economic development and social benefits. Malaysian SMEs contributed 38.8% to overall GDP, 17.3% to total exports and 66.2% to total employment. Huge budget allocations were put every year to enhance
and encourage the improvement on SMEs. However, it was found that many of the SMEs failed within the first years of its business operations despite various programs and initiatives by the government agencies. Therefore, this paper aims to determine factors that determine sustainable financial performance of SMEs in Malaysia namely, Financial Knowledge, Financial Attitude, Financial Socialization Agents, Financial Skills and Accounting Skills. The relationship of these factors towards SMEs performance is measured using
regression and factor analysis conducted using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) software. Findings reveal that all factors have a significant relationship with SME financial performance in Malaysia except for financial skills. Hence, the authority especially those that provide programmes involving SME can emphasize on the significant factors in their effort to improve the financial performance
and increase the survival of SMEs in the industry.


In this article, we propose two test statistics for testing the underlying serial correlation in a partially linear single-index model Y = η(Z τα) + X τβ + ϵ when X is measured with additive error. The proposed test statistics are shown to have asymptotic normal or chi-squared distributions under the null hypothesis of no serial correlation. Monte Carlo experiments are also conducted to illustrate the finite sample performance of the proposed test statistics. The simulation results confirm that these statistics perform satisfactorily in both estimated sizes and powers.


The current gain of an intrinsic HEMT is determined as function of frequency using small-signal Monte Carlo simulations. The fr obtained is in good agreement with the value derived from steady-state results by fr = gm/2πCG. A set of Z parameters is also calculated and an equivalent circuit model is deduced.


Against the narrow range of sonar images for underwater monitoring, an adaptive sonar image-stitching algorithm is proposed in this paper. Compared with conventional sonar image-stitching algorithms, this algorithm can be applied to stitch sonar images with fewer features and better results. This paper first introduces the hardware platform of the underwater monitoring system and a 3D model of the underwater rotational mechanism. Next, related image pre-processing is conducted to improve its accuracy. A SURF algorithm is then applied to extract the speeded-up robust feature (SURF) points. Compared with a threshold, if the number of SURF points is larger, the SURF algorithm is applied to stitch the sonar images or else the phase correlation method is selected to mosaic the sonar images. Finally, a weighted smoothing fusion algorithm based on a maintained boundary is proposed to fuse the sonar images. The algorithm is verified to give good performance in mosaicing sonar images by an experimental study.


This research was based on the students' math achievement at class X.6 SMAN 5 Pekanbaru the Mastery Minimum Criteria with percentage of 17,07%, there are only 7 students from 41 students who achieve the passing grade on the main discussion about relevancy with logica mathematic and then the learning process still teacher center. The research is class room action research. This research aims to increase learning process and students' math achievement at clas X.6 SMAN 5 Pekanbaru through the implementation cooperative learning model of structural Numbered Heads Together. The subject of the research are 41 students from class X.6 SMAN 5 Pekanbaru consist of 18 male and 23 female students with the heterogenous level. The instruments of data collection in this research were observation sheets and students Mathematic tests. The research instrument consist of learning devices that involve Syllabus, Lesson Plan and Student Worksheet, and instrument data collector that involve the observation sheet and math achievement test. The observation sheets were analyzed in qualitative desciptive, while the students' Mathematic tests were analyzed in quantitative descriptive. The qualitative descriptive showed an improvement of learning process prior to the action on the first and second cycle. The results of this research showed an increasing number of students' math achievement from the basic score with the percentage 17.07% to 26.8% on the first daily test and 78.05% on the second daily test. Based on the result of this research can be concluded that the implementation of Cooperative Learning Model of structural approach Numbered Heads Together can improve students' math achievement at class X.6 SMAN 5 Pekanbaru in the second semester academic years 2015/2016.


Nonvolatile flip-flop (NVFF) using spin-transfer torque magnetic tunnel junctions (STT-MTJs) has been proposed to enable fine-grain power gating systems. However, the STT-MTJ-based NVFF (STT-NVFF) may not perform fast backup and disturb-free restore operations. We propose a new NVFF using complementary polarizer MTJ (CPMTJ) to alleviate these limitations. Our proposed NVFF exploits the CPMTJ structure for fast- and low-energy backup operation. The estimated backup delay is less than 10 ns in 7-nm node FinFET technology with CPMTJ size of  $12\,\,\text {nm} \,\,\times $  33 nm in a rectangular shape. Furthermore, during the restore operation, CPMTJ provides guaranteed disturb-free sensing, since the disturb torque from the two complementary pinned layers of CPMTJ cancels each other. The simulation results show >2 times improvement in the backup delay with higher restore-disturb margin compared with STT-NVFF.


A new report has warned that even if global warming is held at 1.5°C, we will still lose a third of the glaciers in the Hindu Kush-Himalaya (HKH) region. What does that mean for rivers that flow down these mountains, and the people who depend on them? Publication Details Dosseto, A. (2019). Melting Himalayan glaciers: a big drop in a bucket that's already full. The Conversation, 11 Feb 1-4. This journal article is available at Research Online: https://ro.uow.edu.au/smhpapers1/538


This paper relates the theoretical aspect of intention reading from the engineering perspective including the definitions and concepts. Intention reading offers a platform for a friendly human interface between human and machines. A classification to categorize intention reading has been proposed. In the classification, intention reading is divided into 5 categories. Successful applications towards the elderly and people with disabilities are reviewed. Some issues related to intention reading are also presented.


The molecular interfacing of biomolecules with advanced materials, such as semiconductor nanocrystals, carbon nanotubes, and conducting polymers, has enormous potential in the field of biomedical applications and optoelectronics.[1–4] Currently, combinatorial biology approaches, such as phage display and cell-surface display methods, permit better study of these interactions.[5–9] Computational modeling combined with phage display of selected septapeptides with different affinities for metallic platinum revealed the importance of interface-reactive side chains, and their special arrangement and backbone stereochemistry for peptide-interface recognition.[10–12] Genetic engineering of phage display has been employed to interface peptides with semiconductor nanocrystals, also known as quantum dots (QDs).[8] Selective modification of the physiological conditions of prokaryotic Escherichia coli resulted in capping and controlled growth of CdS nanocrystals,[13] although nanocrystal formation in bacteria has not yet been found in nature.[14, 15] In addition, high-affinity metal–ligand clusters have been shown to promote the formation of CdS and ZnS nanocrystals in the presence of cysteine and glutathione thiolates in vitro.[16–18] A classical organic–inorganic interaction has evolved in eukaryotic yeast, where the presence of heavy-metal stress results in increased accumulation of glutathione and glutathione-like peptides, termed phytochelatins.[19] Phytochelatins are thiolate peptides which, in the presence of sulfide anions, sequester toxic metal ions by forming QD–peptide complexes in the cell cytoplasm.[20, 21] These intracellular peptide-coated nanocrystals appear to be very stable and have photophysical properties similar to those of QDs synthesized chemically.[21] We previously showed that rationally designed phytochelatin-related synthetic peptides can bind and stabilize CdSe–ZnS core–shell QDs.[22]


The paper presents SIGMA (Semantic Government Mash-up Application), a platform able to create mash-ups by providing access to open governmental data. The proposed solution is based on the existing semantic Web technologies (especially RDF and SPARQL) and uses public distributed endpoints conforming to the Linked Data initiative. Also, SIGMA allows creating and deployment of independent plugins, encouraging the developers to build innovative applications, visualization solutions and mash-ups that give an improved access to the governmental data.


The Urban Studio was initially planned to enhance the pedagogy and curriculum of students in the Department of Interior Architecture through the design and construction of a home for a needy family. This project grew to include faculty and students from the Department of Social Work when the need for a psychosocial perspective was identified. The project resulted in a discovery of the potential benefits of an interdisciplinary endeavor framed by a feminist perspective. It became both a service learning opportunity and a way to make a significant impact by ameliorating a substandard housing structure in a transitional neighborhood.


Waste utilization in the era of globalization receives a lack of attention from the community, because lackness of public unawareness. Pineapple peel waste (Ananas comosus) can be produce activated charcoal. This study aims to produce activated charcoal from pineapple peel waste that meets SNI requirements, such as water level, ash level, and iodine absorption ability. This is a quantitative research with two repetitions.  The results show that the water and ash level of the charcoal was 0.0054% and 0.0010%, respectively. The iodine absorption ability was measured by titration using 0.1 N sodium thiosulfate solution. The iodine absorption ability was 365.6 mg/g utilizing a 1.2 ml titer. In conclusion, the parameters meet the requirement of SNI that stated the maximum moisture content, ash content, and iodine absorbability in active charcoal, was 15%, 10%, and 750 mg/g, respectively.


Purpose – This paper seeks to explore the implementation of knowledge management in a telecommunication multinational subsidiary and to investigate factors that affect the performance as well as the impacts.Design/methodology/approach – Innovation perspective informs the identification of the ways in which KM strategies are devised and put into action. Using in‐depth interviews and direct observation, the paper maps some problems associated with the strategy and implementation of KM.Findings – The case shows that the lack of organisation‐wide integrated systems, which is typical across different organisations, does contribute to this problem. However, the main predicament lies with the fact that a KM‐enabling scheme is never explicitly prioritised in the organisation's information systems strategy.Practical implications – KM implementation should take into account both technological innovation and organisational innovation. Neglecting one aspect poses apparent danger that the implementation is unlikely to...


This article discusses the important roles of the teachers in educating people to have smart life. To enable the teachers to perform their tasks professionally, some requirements have to be fulfilled. The Indonesian government has already conducted a number of efforts to improve the teacher professionalism. However, some hindrances are still faced. Having analyzed the existing situation, the article suggests some ideas to improve the teacher professionalism.


This paper aims to confirm the optimal pruning intensity to promote paulownia growth. Annualdynamic of 8 growth indicators for pruning of three-year-old Paulownia to promote trunk extension weresimulated under 7 treatments. The results showed that annual growth process could be modeled reliably byRichards function. Eight growth parameters were developed including fast-growing point (t0), initialpoint of fast-growing period (t1), final point of fast-growing period (t2), fast-growing period (t), growthperiod (Dg), maximum day increment (AGRmax), maximum annual increment (A). Effects of pruning topromote trunk extension on growth parameters were analyzed. Paulownia remaining 3~6 lower branchesafter pruning had relatively longer fast-growing period (t), growth period (Dg), higher average day increment(Am), maximum day increment (AGRmax) and maximum annual increment (A). Therefore, lower diametergrowth of original trunk did not decrease significantly, and upper diameter growth increased to someextent. Height and diameter growth of grafting trunk, and form ratio of grafting trunk were relatively higher.Total stock volume increment was improved significantly under the condition that stock volume incrementof original trunk did not decrease.


The mixed acetate acetylacetonate (acac) ruthenium(II) phosphine complexes Ru(OAc)(acac)P2 [P2=(PPh3)2, Ph2P(CH2)4PPh2 (dppb)] were prepared by protonation of Ru(OAc)2(PPh3)2 with acetylacetone in dichloromethane. Reaction of the dppb derivative with 2‐(aminomethyl)pyridine (ampy) affords the complex Ru(OAc)(acac)(ampy)(dppb), which converts to [Ru(acac)(ampy)(dppb)](OAc) in toluene at 90 °C. In the former derivative the ampy ligand is monodentate and coordinates through the NH2‐moiety. The isolated acac complexes are active catalysts for the transfer hydrogenation of ketones with loadings as low as 0.01 mol%, the ampy having a strong accelerating effect. Several aromatic and aliphatic ketone substrates are converted to their corresponding alcohols, and different electronic influences through substituents on acetophenone are tolerated.


Abstract The approach followed in this paper is to approximate a load duration curve within line segments (discrete approximations) and relate the length of these line segments to a set of economic and weather variables. This relationship allows one to forecast the segments which, in turn, provides a forecast of a discrete approximation to the load duration curve. All things considered, the model presented forecasts well and presents a substantial improvement over existing approaches to obtaining future load duration curves.


This paper describes the use of HuaJing Company Pspice Transistor Division developed a miniature accelerometer parameters and signal processing integrated circuits. This system can be on the surface micromachining process for the production of the sensor signal processing, to achieve monolithic integration, but also the fabrication of bulk silicon sensors for signal processing, and hybrid integration.


This thesis presents several properties and applications of four families of Weyl group orbit functions called C-, S-, Sand S-functions. These functions may be viewed as generalizations of the well-known Chebyshev polynomials. They are related to orthogonal polynomials associated with simple Lie algebras, e.g. the multivariate Jacobi and Macdonald polynomials. They have numerous remarkable properties such as continuous and discrete orthogonality. In particular, it is shown that the Sand S-functions characterized by certain parameters are mutually orthogonal with respect to a discrete measure. Their discrete orthogonality allows to deduce two types of Fourier-like discrete transforms for each simple Lie algebra with two different lengths of roots. Similarly to the Chebyshev polynomials, these four families of functions have applications in numerical integration. We obtain in this thesis various cubature formulas, for functions of several variables, arising from C-, Sand S-functions. We also provide a complete description of discrete multivariate cosine transforms of types V–VIII involving the Weyl group orbit functions arising from simple Lie algebras Cn and Bn, called antisymmetric and symmetric cosine functions. Furthermore, we study four families of multivariate Chebyshev-like orthogonal polynomials introduced via (anti)symmetric cosine functions.


There are so many benefits that can be gained by using computers for education, such as a wish is made in the Scientific Writing of this is to introduce the provinces in Indonesia and provide an alternative for those who are less understanding to provide a practical and concise information about the provinces in Indonesia interesting, because the use of interesting animation display is made in order to invite the interest and easily understood. Information about the provinces in Indonesia contained in Scientific Writing is information about the culture, region, and much more information contained therein. View given in the form of images, text, animation, buttons, and sound.


Molecular medicine and cancer research center in Chongqing Medical University adhered to academic honesty and credit education, established original laboratory records system, regularly carried out seminar and improved paper submission program thus to reject academic miscon- ducts from the source, guarantee the authenticity of the data and improve the academic moral level of postgraduates.

Key words:
Scientific research platform;  Postgraduate;  Honesty and credit education; Academic morality


The wind tunnel tests have been carried out on the profile specially designed by our theoretical method described in Report 1, and arranged in the lattice condition of pitchchord ratio t/l=1.0 and lattice angle θ1=150° so as to examine the reliability of the theoretical method. The polar diagram of our profile seems to be slightly superior to that of Clark Y, and besides, the pressure center of the former is almost immovable throughout the range of Ca=0.3∼1.5. Further, the surface pressure distribution of the profile at the aimed lift coefficient has been proved to coincide, as it was expected, fairly well with the prescribed theoretical one.


Device for transportation and/or storage of people and objects e.g. in parking lots. The device is formed by a reticular structure (1) that defines a multiplicity of platform (5) parking locations (2) . The reticular structure is shaped by longitudinal (3) and transverse (4) guide bars on which bearing means (12) of the platforms (5) run. Each platform contains two load-carrier trays (6) arranged on longitudinal and transverse drive strips (7,8) . Each parking lot has drive means (15) for driving the platforms. The drive means are defined by a set of rollers (16,17) containing the drive strips (7,8) and being coupled to an electric motoreducer (20) . The drive means are linked to angular positioning means defined by a rotating plate (21) activated by an electric motoreducer (22) in such a way that when said plate turns 90°, in one sense or another, the platform's displacement direction is changed for translation thereof on the reticular structure.


In their review of periodontitis and risk of diabetes mellitus, Gurav and Jadhav note that periodontitis can worsen glycemic control and may decrease insulin sensitivity. Gurav and Jadhav note the importance of bacteria and their products in the inflammatory cascade, changes in immune functions, advanced glycation end-products in the periodontium, and possible effects of periodontal therapy on diabetes mellitus. Cytokines, and cytokine gene polymorphisms, may play a role in the association of diabetes with periodontitis. Duarte et al. report significantly higher interleukin (IL)-17and IL-15-positive cells in gingival tissue samples from diabetic compared with non-diabetic patients with periodontitis. Similarly, Ribiero et al. reported higher IL-17 and IL-23 concentrations in gingival crevicular fluid from diabetic periodontitis patients than non-diabetic periodontitis patients. These findings suggest that in addition to cytokines from T helper (Th) 1 and/or Th2 cells, cytokines from the Th17–T regulatory cell (Treg) axis may also influence susceptibility to periodontitis in diabetic patients. Guzman et al. reported that periodontal disease occurs more frequently among diabetic patients with IL-1B (–511) and IL-1B (+3954) genotypes. Struch et al. investigated IL-1 gene polymorphisms in genomic DNA extracted from leukocytes in a sample population of 1515 subjects from north-east Germany and found that subjects with type 2 diabetes (T2D) have an increased risk of periodontitis, which is aggravated further if combined with the variant IL-1A/1B genotype. Xiao et al. examined the role of IL-6 gene polymorphisms in the association between periodontitis and diabetes, finding that IL-6 (–572) genotype and allele distributions are unique to subjects with chronic periodontitis and T2D in a Chinese population. From these observations, it appears that cytokine gene polymorphisms play a role in the link between diabetes and periodontitis, although the mechanisms are not established. Approaches to restorate the balance between proand anti-inflammatory cytokines may be therapeutically useful.


Van Reuier, H., 1996. Nutrient management over extended cropping periods in the shifting cultivation system of south-west Côte d'Ivoire. Doctoral thesis, Wageningen Agricultural University, Wageningen, The Netherlands. 189 p., with English, French and Dutch summaries. Also published in the series Tropical Resource Management Papers, No. 12, Wageningen Agricultural University, ISSN 0926-9495; no. 12 Intensification of food crop production in shifting cultivation systems can contribute to protection of tropical forest. For such an intensification knowledge of soil fertility and its dynamics is essential. It was tested whether intensification could be achieved by extending the cropping period in on-farm field trials with controlled management. These trials were conducted on locations along catenas ranging from the crest to the fringe of the valley bottom. On the (moderately) well drained soils P proved to be the yield-limiting nutrient. In extended cropping systems with alternately rice and maize, applications of N, P and K were not sufficient to maintain the yield level obtained in the first season after clearing. Yield decline was much less pronounced for maize than for rice. In the eighth season after clearing yields of over 4 ton of maize per ha were still obtained. Data on the efficiency of utilization of absorbed P indicate that factors other than P deficiency caused the yield decline. A probable cause is deterioration of soil physical properties. Fertilizer recommendations (N,P,K) are formulated for the well drained soils of the upper/middle slopes and for the moderately well drained soils of the lower slope. Additional keywords: apparent recovery fraction, ash, efficiency of utilization of absorbed nutrients, fertilizer application, nutrient dynamics, nutrient uptake, maize, slash-and-burn agriculture, upland rice.


The technical world of today fundamentally relies on structural analysis in the form of design and structural mechanic simulations. A traditional and robust simulation method is the physics-based finite element method (FEM) simulation. FEM simulations in structural mechanics are known to be very accurate; however, the higher the desired resolution, the more computational effort is required. Surrogate modeling provides a robust approach to address this drawback. Nonetheless, finding the right surrogate model and its hyperparameters for a specific use case is not a straightforward process. In this paper, we discuss and compare several classes of mesh-free surrogate models based on traditional and thriving machine learning (ML) and deep learning (DL) methods. We show that relatively simple algorithms (such as k-nearest neighbor regression) can be competitive in applications with low geometrical complexity and extrapolation requirements. With respect to tasks exhibiting higher geometric complexity, our results show that recent DL methods at the forefront of literature (such as physics-informed neural networks) are complicated to train and to parameterize and thus, require further research before they can be put to practical use. In contrast, we show that already well-researched DL methods, such as the multi-layer perceptron, are superior with respect to interpolation use cases and can be easily trained with available tools. With our work, we thus present a basis for the selection and practical implementation of surrogate models.


ABSTRACT This article aims to provide a concise examination of the commonalities between literary systems in the Southern Cone and other systems, as regards inherent characteristics and intersections/appropriations/transformations related to cultural encounters mediated by intercultural and interlinguistic translations. It will begin by outlining the historical relationship between Comparative Literature and translation, and will then consider the shared aspects of the systems of the Southern Cone and other places, paying particular attention to the issue of languages as a factor of relevance for literary and cultural circulation.


Very rapid adaptation ( i.e., adaptation over the range from 0 to 30 sec. of speech data) of ASR systems has great commercial importance and scientific interest. This paper describes some applications of very rapid adaptation, discusses techniques for achieving it, and argues that work in this field has implications for the overall structure of ASR systems. Finally, directions for future work are proposed.


Lectin‐resistant mutants with specific defects in glycosylation have been selected from the mouse lymphoma cell line, BW5147 (Thy‐1+). The quantitative expression of cell surface glycoproteins on the mutant cells has been studied. The results show that some glycosylation defects that confer resistance to the cytotoxic effects of concanavalin A block the expression of Thy‐1 glycoprotein on the cell surface. However, some changes in the oligosaccharides of Thy‐1 glycoprotein generated by glycosylation defects found in PHAR mutant cells and restricted to the termini of complex‐type oligosaccharides have no effect on the ability of Thy‐1 to reach the cell surface. No glycosylation defects were found that interfered with the expression of either gp 69,71 or H‐2 on the surface of the mutant cells. It is concluded that aberrant biosynthesis of Thy‐1 oligosaccharides can interfere with its expression on the cell surface, but that specific changes in oligosaccharide structure are necessary to block transport to the cell surface and integration into the plasma membrane.


Robert H. Greene. Bodies Like Bright Stars: Saints and Relics in Orthodox Russia. DeKalb: Northern Illinois University Press, 2010. 299 pp. Illustrations. Notes. Selected bibliography. Index. $42.00, cloth.In this highly original and engaging study of Russia's holy bones, Robert Greene examines the cult of the saints from 1861 to 1929. With a wealth of previously untapped archival material and a lively writing style, Greene considers both why and in what ways saints mattered to the faithful, what the devotion of ordinary believers tells us about their relationship to the Church and its teachings, and how they responded to the atheistic ambitions of Bolsheviks after the Revolutions of 1917. In so doing, his research complements-and greatly enriches-a growing body of scholarship devoted to the everyday practice of Orthodoxy, and to understanding how and why the faith has continued to be a meaningful part of Russian culture in the modern period, both before and after the revolutionary period.The first three chapters explore the role of the saints in Orthodox culture during the imperial age. Chapter 1 addresses the Church's official prescriptions with respect to saintly devotion as part of a larger mission to improve the spiritual condition of the Orthodox people. Although bodily incorruptibility was not mandatory for a relic to be designated as "holy," the Church used the uncorrupted state of God's holy saints both as "a prism through which fundamental truths of the faith could be reflected to enlighten the faithful" and "increasingly, as a metaphor to establish Orthodoxy's claim as the one true Church of Christ over and against sectarians, Old Believers, and radical nonbelievers" (p. 21). As Greene also finds, however, an enduring tension (and negotiation) evolved between theologians and religious elites who "valued the saints as shining beacons to lead the faithful to eternal life" and most ordinary believers who "prized the saints for their assistance in matters more immediately relevant to this world" (p. 9).Focused on the practice of saintly worship, chapter 2 examines the relationships cultivated by individual believers with Saint Feodosii of Chernihiv and Patriarch Saint Germogen. Drawing on remarkably detailed believers' testimonies, Greene brings his readers so close to the sites of saintly shrines that one can almost smell the sweet carnation and honey-like "odor of sanctity" emanating from the bones, and hear the wailing of believers as they implored saintly "doctors" for relief from all forms of earthly suffering- everything from toothaches to cancer, theft to arson, unemployment to bankruptcy. While complementing Christine Worobec's findings that miracle narratives were "egalitarian" across class lines, Greene's evidence also supports Nadia Kizenko's observation that believers turned to saints to navigate the socio-economic challenges of post-emancipation Russia.Chapter 3 presents case studies of two distinct communities of believers as they sought official recognition for their local saints, Saint Anna of Kashin, and Saint Sofronii of Irkutsk. While demonstrating that "Orthodox believers valued miracles first and foremost in their saints" (p. …


Assaulted the fixed exchange rate system by the speculative currency causes collapse and lets some countries( or areas) of the implementing fixed exchange rate cover with one heavy shade. For this reason, the paper uses the latest research results of the currency speculative attack to analyse the primary conditions of winning victory that the speculative currency attack causes European monetary crisis and Southeast Asia financial crisis. Finally it takes precautions against and dissolves the relevant measures of the crisis of RMB after the accession to the WTO in China.


The potential of gallium nitride nanoribbon (GaNNR) as next-generation sensors for real-time detection of toxic heavy metals (HMs) necessitates a deep understanding of their interaction. The density functional theory (DFT) approach is used for the study of quantum properties of toxic HMs-interacted zigzag GaNNRs (ZGaNNRs). The significant changes in structural and electronic behavior of HM-interacted ZGaNNRs are found when compared to bare ZGaNNR irrespective of their widths. The study of binding energy ( ${E}_{\text {b}}$ ) reveals that the lead (Pb)-ZGaNNR-Pb is the most stable structure followed by zinc (Zn)-ZGaNNR-Zn and mercury (Hg)-ZGaNNR-Hg. The Fermi level of HM-interacted ZGaNNRs is observed to be shifted toward the conduction band which predicts the n-type nature of HM-interacted ZGaNNRs. Interestingly, additional electronic states are found in the band structure due to HMs, which exhibit different energy levels with respect to Zn, Hg, and Pb interaction. The calculated density-of-state (DOS) sensitivity is observed to be higher for Zn-ZGaNNR-Zn followed by Pb-ZGaNNR-Pb and Hg-ZGaNNR-Hg. The calculated transport properties of HM-interacted ZGaNNR exhibit higher current values when compared to bare-ZGaNNR devices. Interestingly, the current sensitivity is observed to be maximum for Pb having value ${3.3} \times {10}^{{4}}$ at 1 V. As per our findings, it can be observed that the sensitivity of our ZGaNNRs for Pb is the highest. Thus, it can be deployed as a Pb detector. The structural, electronic, and quantum transport properties of HM-interacted ZGaNNRs advocate their potential applications in nanoscaled sensor devices for the toxic HM detector.


Stella Maria Sarah Miles Franklin was born at Talbingo near Tumut in the Australian Alps on 14 October 1879, and she was three years old when Henry Kendall died. She spent the first ten years of her life over the range from Talbingo at Brindabella station. About 1888 the family moved to a small holding on the flatlands of Thornford, south east of the well-established town of Goulburn. Miles attended elementary school at Thornford - her only formal education, apart from singing lessons in Goulburn - after which she tried teaching, governessing and nursing without satisfaction or success. With the publication in Edinburgh in 1901 of her marvellously rebellious novel My Brilliant Career, she became famous, a rare thing for an Australian woman, and as Stella Miles Franklin soon found, exceptionally difficult to sustain if based on literature. Aged 23 she faced the dread second book syndrome, and the tides of nationalism were receding. But, it was said, she would find her o w n way in the world. And she did.


The present article reports the synthesis and antimicrobial studies of new cyanopyridone derivatives. The structures of newly synthesized compounds were confirmed by various spectroscopic techniques. The antimicrobial studywas carried out by disc diffusionmethods. The results of antimicrobial data reveals that compounds (3c), (3d), (3e) and (3g) were active selected bacterial strains, while (3c),(3d) and (3h) were shown good activity against fungi strain A.niger.


Solvent polarity effect on the absorption spectra and fluorescence spectra of a series of multibranched structure triphenylamine derivations (Ph-G0, Ph-G1, and Ph-G2) were analyzed to reveal the factors that determine the two-photon absorption (TPA) ability in these molecules. It was found that the dominate factor is the extent of intramolecular charge transfer upon photoexcitation, rather than coherent coupling between branches. This result suggests that it is more effective to change the electron withdrawing ability or electron giving ability of branches and core than simply increase the number of branches for enhancing the TPA ability in multibranched structure molecules.


In this paper, the precipitation of β-Mg17Al12 in aging process of Mg-9%Al (mass fraction) alloy was studied using a diffuse-interface phase field model. In the model, the precipitate phase and the matrix are distinguished by a structural order parameter, and the interface region is assumed to be a mixture of the precipitate phase and the matrix. The mixture composition was calculated using a weighted average method. Two techniques of approximation for the chemical free energy of precipitate phase and matrix were employed, where the variation characteristics of the free energy with the mole fraction of solute were included. In the simulation, the temperature and diffusion mobility coefficient were assumed to be constant. The effects of the solution approximations on the morphology evolution and growth kinetics of the precipitate were discussed. The effects of the interface mobility coefficient on the interface growth kinetics were examined, and the effects of the interface anisotropy between the precipitate phase and the matrix on the morphology of the precipitate were also discussed. It is demonstrated that the solution approximation taking into account the interaction between atoms for a binary system provides a good description for the chemical free energy. The simulation results showed that the precipitate phase growing from a supersaturated solid solution has a plate-like shape, which is in agreement with experimental observations. The growth kinetics of the precipitate phase is significantly influenced by the interface mobility coefficient.


The agricultural pattern for residents in the Transmigration Settlement area or known as trans koli already uses modern technology that produces maximum production. Cayenne pepper production risk is a loss to farmers caused by the emergence of a production process that cannot be handled. The purpose of this study was to analyze the costs, income and income of cayenne pepper farming and to analyze production risk, cost risk and risk of cayenne pepper farming income in the Koli Transmigration Settlement Unit, Oba District, Tidore City, North Maluku Islands Province. The analytical method used in this research is descriptive quantitative analysis to analyze farming and risk analysis. The results of this study are that the average total production costs incurred by farmers in the Trans Koli area during one planting season is IDR 1,464,198 and the average total income during one harvest season is IDR 4,062,293 and the average chili farming income earned farmer. for one harvest season IDR 2,599,094. This explains that the income of the respondent farmers in producing cayenne pepper is greater than the total production costs incurred by the cost risk with a coefficient of variation of 6.40, this is due to the high transportation costs. While the results of the lowest risk level with a coefficient of variation of 1.26. This is because of the selling price relative and stable production is indicated by a lower level of production risk with a coefficient of variation of 1.60 compared to cost risk.


The surface tension of the mixtures i-propanol-n-propanol, n-heptane-toluene, cyclohexane-toluene and acetone benzene, were measured in order to estimate the value of the property at boiling point and to quantify its gradients. In several systems there are no important differences between experimental and estimated results (from theoretical calculation), but in other cases the stabilization index may increase several times or the surface character of the systems may change


Facing a labor market that is unable to absorb a growing demand, entrepreneurship and self-employment is an interesting path on many levels. In addition to being a real driver of growth and competitiveness, entrepreneurship is also a mean of self-realization, independence and personal growth.However, Women appear relatively few to engage in this career path. Indeed, the Association of Women Entrepreneurs "Association des Femmes Entrepreneures (AFEM)" estimates that the #of women entrepreneurs in Morocco does not exceed 10,000, which represents barely 0.5% of women's employment in the formal sector and about 10% of the #total enterprises. What are the reasons behind this fact-finding and how to overcome this existing situation? Several factors impeding women's entrepreneurship are noted in the literature. Some are personal; others are cultural or related to the general environment of entrepreneurship. This communication is meant to be an exploration of the different obstacles to women's entrepreneurship in Morocco, as well as actions to put in place to promote it. A sample survey will be conducted with a representative sample of women and stakeholders in Entrepreneurship ecosystem to identify the most influential factors and highlight the levers to be used to promote female entrepreneurship.


In order to make full use of the sensible heat of the heavy entrainer adopted in the extractive distillation, an industrial separation case that focuses on the separation of benzene/cyclohexane mixture using sulfolane as entrainer is studied in this work. Furthermore, several retrofitted processes are proposed using the basic case. A side reboiler that utilizes the self-heat or external heat as the heat source is introduced in the separation system to reduce the energy requirement. The economic feasibilities of these sequences are estimated by calculating the total annual cost. Moreover, the thermodynamic analysis and carbon dioxide emissions indexes are also considered to evaluate the energy efficiency and environmental impacts of the modified designs. The simulation results show that the extractive distillation with heat integration 2 (EDHI2) design, which utilizes the entrainer stream to heat the side reboiler and the bottom reboiler, is the most energy-conserving sequence. In addition, the EDHI2 seque...


In the present work, a new method was developed for the combination of polyurethanes (PUs) and polybenzoxazine (PBz) to obtain novel thermoset poly(urethane-co-benzoxazine)s with good thermal, mechanical, and electrical properties as well as low temperature curing profile. Knowing the catalytic effect of compounds possessing free phenolic groups on ring opening polymerization of benzoxazine monomers, preparation of phenol terminated urethane oligomers (PTPU) as the macroinitiator for a benzoxazine monomer (Ba) was considered. Firstly, NCO-terminated urethane prepolymers were prepared from the reaction of poly(tetramethyleneether glycol), and 2,4-tolylene diisocyanate, and then end functionalized with bisphenol-A under proper condition. DSC, DMTA, and gel content measurements were applied to find optimum ring opening polymerization condition (170°C for 1 hr and 200°C for 15 min). Various kinds of thermoset polymers were prepared by the reaction of PTPU at different molecular weights with variable contents of Ba. All of monomeric and polymeric materials were characterized by conventional spectroscopic methods and their thermal, mechanical, viscoelastic, and electrical properties were measured and properties were correlated to their structure. Due to the interesting properties of these new materials, the possibility of using them as electrical insulators with higher service temperature in comparison to common PUs were examined and their potential applicability was confirmed. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.


In order to investigate the principles of a wire walker who maintains balance by rotating or moving a pole left and right, a novel single wheel robot that can runs on a flexible wire was designed and its dynamics was studied. The robot features a couple of parallel swinging arms and a rotational pole. Under the precondition of pure rolling of the single wheel that runs on a flexible wire, a dynamical model for the system was developed by use of Lagrange equation. The results illustrated that the robot was an under-actuated system consisting of seven DOF (degree of freedom) and there was three driving-torque inputs in the system. By using the model, an inverse dynamics simulation of balanced moving was performed, and through the comparisons of the amount of driving work and system's energy, the results of the model analysis was testified. Keywords-wire-walking robot; flexible wire; dynamical model; lagrange equation


AIM To study whether psychological dependence is developed in rats when administered with oxycodone and whether it is connected with the change in dopamine release in the striatum.METHODS Conditional place preference was used as assessment of psychological dependence. Dopamine and its metabolites were measured by high performance liquid chromatography system with electrochemical detection in conscious rats using microdialysis.RESULTS Oxycodone (2.5 mg·kg~ -1 , sc, once daily for 8 d) induced the development of conditional place preference in rats, and induced an increase in the extracellular concentrations of dopamine and its metabolites, such as 3-4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid and homovanillic acid in the striatum of rat.CONCLUSION Oxycodone can induce psychological dependence in rats, which maybe connected with increment of dopamine release in the striatum.


We adapt previous research on topological unsupervised learning to develop a unified functorial perspective on manifold learning and clustering. We first introduce overlapping hierachical clustering algorithms as functors and demonstrate that the maximal and single linkage clustering algorithms factor through an adaptation of the singular set functor. Next, we characterize manifold learning algorithms as functors that map uber-metric spaces to optimization objectives and factor through hierachical clustering functors. We use this characterization to prove refinement bounds on manifold learning loss functions and construct a hierarchy of manifold learning algorithms based on their invariants. We express several state of the art manifold learning algorithms as functors at different levels of this hierarchy, including Laplacian Eigenmaps, Metric Multidimensional Scaling, and UMAP. Finally, we experimentally demonstrate that this perspective enables us to derive and analyze novel manifold learning algorithms.


Background: Ocular drug delivery is a complex drug delivery system, and topical administration being the most frequently employed route of drug delivery in eye diseases. Many topical eye preparations are sold under brand names. The variation in the costs of the same drug and inadequate information on quality and bio-equivalence makes it difficult for the physician to prescribe the most cost-effective treatment. The objective of this study was to analyse the cost variation in different brands of commonly used topical eye preparations in India.Methods: The minimum and the maximum cost in Rupees (INR) of particular topical eye preparations manufactured by various pharmaceutical companies in the same strength were noted. The percentage cost variation and cost ratio were calculated for each brand.Results: The costs of the total of 19 topical eye preparations available in 26 different formulations in India were analysed and a substantial variation in cost was observed. Of 19 drug formulations studied, the percentage cost variation of 10 drug formulations was more than 100% out of which one had more than 1000% variation. Cost ratio was also observed to be very high and 10 drug formulations had this ratio more than two.Conclusions: There is a wide variation in the prices of different brands, so there is an urgent need to raise the awareness of physicians about cost variation to lower the financial burden on patients.


Collecting patient experience information is now very important for the NHS. A detailed questionnaire to record patient experience of diabetes services has been developed and piloted in paper form. However, the costs of using a paper-based system means that this cannot be used nationally. The questionnaire has therefore been put into a web format and this paper reports on a pilot feasibility study asking patients to fill out their experiences using their home computers. Patients recruited from general practice and hospital diabetes clinics were able to successfully complete the questionnaire online. Compared with national prevalence figures, more people with type 1 diabetes than with type 2 diabetes took part in the study.


Using a variational approach,the propagation of a moderately intense laser pulse in a parabolic preformed plasma channel is investigated.The effects of higher-order relativistic nonlinearity (HRN) and wakefield are included.The effect of HRN serves as an additional defocusing mechanism and has the same order of magnitude in the spot size as that of the transverse wakefield (TWF).The effect of longitudinal wakefield is much larger than those of HRN and TWF for an intense laser pulse with the pulse length equaling the plasma wavelength.The catastrophic focusing of the laser spot size would be prevented in the present of HRN and then it varies with periodic focusing oscillations.