This column discusses the author's attempts to find Apache's value by determining how many webpages it serves in the United States.


During World War ii, Franklin Roosevelt developed a vision for the post-war world. He thought he understood what was needed to ensure a lasting peace between the great powers and wanted to change the international system to achieve that peace.1 Central to this vision was the international organization that became the United Nations Organization (uno). By creating a forum where the great powers could openly debate issues affecting global security, those powers could avoid war amongst themselves and act as policemen for the rest of the world. France and China's places in that vision are particularly interesting because Roosevelt's plans for these two states were not fully realized. The events that led to China and France obtaining permanent seats on the uno's Security Council and the veto power have not been explored as extensively as those that led to the us, Britain and Russia obtaining seats. According to fdr, France was not worthy of a place on the supreme council of the international organization, but China was.2 Eventually, with Churchill's assistance, France was able to join the council despite fdr's attempts to prevent it. Nationalist China also took a seat on that council and it may appear that the situation worked well for the us. China was not, however, the power that Roosevelt had intended it to be in the post-war world. For Roosevelt, China represented a friendly vote on the future Security Council. A strong China would have been a powerful force working with the United States in the postwar world. Chiang supported fdr's anti-colonialism policy and Roosevelt thought that Chiang might also act as a balance against Russian interests in the Far East.3 This was an important role for the Chinese to play, but China first had to achieve credible great power status. Roosevelt wanted to treat China as if that status had already been achieved and, as a result, us China policy diverged from reality. fdr ignored State Department advice, and more


Objective To explore the effect of nursing intervention on diabetes patients. Methods 40 patients were randomly divided into observation group (20 cases) and control group (20 cases). The observation group received the nursing intervention by nurse-in-charge, while the control group received the conventional nursing bu nurses. All patients were followed up by charge nurse out of hospital 6 months later. Results The mastery of knowledge, self-care ability and effect of blood glucose control in the observation group were better than those in the control group, and the differences had statistical significance (P0.05). Conclusions Effective nursing intervention methods can improve diabetic patients with health knowledge and self-care ability, increase treatment compliance, decrease the complication incidence and improve the quality of life.


Aim. To study the characteristics of bioelectric activity of the brain in patients with vulvar lichen sclerosus (VLS), as well as the interaction between certain structures of the brain and their relationship with the manifestations of VLS.
Materials and methods. 102 patients aged 21 to 78 years (average age 50.5713.92 years) were questioned about the VLS symptoms, the quality of sleep and presence of phobias, of which 30 patients aged 21 to 72 years (average age 46.0715.42 years) after signing informed consent underwent electroencephalographic (EEG) study. Inclusion criteria were patients aged 18 and older, vulvar lichen sclerosus in the acute stage, confirmed by histological examination.
Results. The common complaint was itching in external genitalia (73.3%), which was statistically evident in the analysis of brain activity. Itching of external genitalia in patients with VLS could account for systemic changes in the activity and interactions of such structures as the brain stem and globus pallidus, ventral striatum, islet, parietal cortex, field 40 according to Broadman (supramarginal gyrus), as well as areas of the primary visual cortex (field 17 according to Broadman).
Conclusion. VLS is often accompanied by itching in the external genitalia (73.3%), and has an average score of 5.6 on a ten-point scale. EEG is recommended with a disease duration of more than 6 years and an itch level of 56 points or more. The main feature of brain bioelectric activity in patients with VLS is evident signs of organic brain damage. The disease is accompanied by impairment of the visceral regulatory mechanisms of the brain, which leads to the formation of a low-complementary viscerom and neurodegenerative signs in the EEG. A frequent combination of disorders in the central nervous system and immune system gives reason to consider VLS associated with chronic fatigue syndrome.


A computer program is described for caiculating the stresses, stress indices, and flexibility factors for in-plane and out-of-plane bending of elbows and curved pipe subjected to internal pressure. The results are obtained using a series solution as discussed by the authors in a separate report •. Included is a listing of the computer program, a description of the input data, and an example of the output.


I present a straightforward objection to the view that what we know has epistemic probability 1: when combined with Bayesian decision theory, the view seems to entail implausible conclusions concerning rational choice. I consider and reject three responses. The first holds that the fault is with decision theory, rather than the view that knowledge has probability 1. The second two try to reconcile the claim that knowledge has probability 1 with decision theory by appealing to contextualism and sensitive invariantism, respectively. I argue that each response fails, and that we can hold on to much of what was attractive in the responses while denying that what we know has probability 1.


The paper presents an applied study of a multivariate AR(p) process fitted to daily data from U.S. commodity futures markets with the use of Bayesian statistics. In the first part a detailed description of the methods used is given. In the second part two BVAR models are chosen one with assumption of lognormal, the second with normal distribution of prices conditioned on the parameters. For a comparison two simple benchmark models are chosen that are commonly used in todays Financial Mathematics. The article compares the quality of predictions of all the models, tries to find an adequate rate of forgetting of information and questions the validity of Efficient Market Hypothesis in the semi-strong form. Keywords—Vector Auto-regression, Forecasting, Financial, Bayesian, Efficient Markets.


Abstract—The propagation and dissipation of internal waves over continental shelf bathymetry are complex phenomenon. The waveform would be re-generated while transmitting a submerged deep-shallow-deep topography. To study the effect of the marine topography on the evolution of an internal wave, numerical simulation is utilized to perform the flow evolution and waveform inversion of a large depression internal wave over a trapezoidal obstacle with different plateau. A finite volume based Cartesian grid method is adopted to solve the Reynolds averaged Navier-Stokes equations using a k-ε model for the turbulence closure. Numerical results reveal that the re-generated waveform does not occur due to baroclinic wave. The shorter plateau length would induce strong vortex in back of the obstacle. Moreover, the wave amplitude, vorticity and turbulent kinetic energy are dissipated significantly. However, the level of the phenomenon decreases as the plateau length is larger than the wavelength.


caution when they passed the level of the enemy camp ; with praetergressi, e regione (Dett) is preferable to regione (B) in the preceding passage. Finally, although Dr. McDonald has made a great contribution to the correct establishment of proper names, e.g. xxxn, 13, 9 Piresia, xxxm, 18,3, xxxiv, 62, 3 Lepcis, it is possible that he goes too far in insisting on the correct orthography of Greek names in the Polybian sections of Livy. In many cases the Greek forms have manuscript support: Pythagoran (as against Pythagoram) has the authority of R (xxxiv, 40,2), but the weight of the manuscripts is solidly behind Agesimbrotus as against Acesimbrotus (xxxi, 46,6 ; 47,2 ; xxxn, 16,6 ; 32,11) ; in spite of the authority of Polybius and the evidence of inscriptions, Livy seems to have written the name with a ' g '. These, however, are very minor points of criticism in a work of outstanding scholarship.


Over the last two decades, nanotechnology has formed the most promising discipline within science likely to present solutions for the growing challenges in biomedical applications such as drug delivery, therapeutics and diagnostics [1–3]. Synthesis of metal nanoparticles, especially gold, silver and platinum (gold: AuNPs; copper, silver: AgNPs, platinum and quantum dots), with a particular shape, size and morphology is an important area of modern research. These nanoparticles are extensively used as an alternative strategy for cancer theranostics (therapeutics + diagnostics) due to their unusual physical, chemical, electronic and biological properties. Hence, economically cheap and eco-friendly methods for the synthesis of metal nanoparticles that could be useful for cancer theranostics are becoming an emerging field in biomedical research. In this context, biologically synthesized nanoparticles (b-NPs) using various biological sources (such as plants and microbes) overcome several disadvantages over chemically synthesized nanoparticles (c-NPs) [4–8]. Therefore, b-NPs are used for several biomedical applications especially in the area of cancer theranostics. Several groups including our own demonstrated the cancer cell imaging ability of b-NPs using fluorescence and computed tomography imaging techniques [9,10]. These b-NPs demonstrated powerful imaging abilities and could be used for cancer diagnostics applications. Green synthesized metal nanoparticles or b-NPs further play an important role for the delivery of drugs or therapeutic agents, and show various advantages over conventional chemical-based drug delivery systems. Several phytochemicals including proteins, lipids, carbohydrates create an external biomatrix around the metal nanoparticle surface that helps in facile and effective binding of drug molecules, thus avoiding the use of any external chemical capping agents. Dhar et al. demonstrated drug delivery efficacy of gold nanoparticles (synthesized from gellan-gum and sophorolipid-gellan gum) conjugated US FDA doxorubicin in human glioma cell lines (LN-229 and LN-18) and a human glioma stem cell line (HNGC-2) [11,12]. Recently, our group demonstrated the in vitro and in vivo delivery efficacy of doxorubicin using b-AuNPs and b-AgNPs in various cancer cell lines and in a mouse melanoma tumor model [8,13]. Moreover, Ganeshkumar et al. demonstrated the targeted delivery of 5-fluorouracil using folic acid conjugated b-AuNPs (derived from using the fruit peel extract of Punica granatum) in MCF-7 breast cancer cell lines with high targeting efficacy [14]. Taken together, these recent published reports demonstrated the drug delivery efficacy of b-NPs in cancer therapy. Another successful biomedical application is the use of b-NPs as anticancer agents due to the presence of medicinally active anticancer phytochemicals (polyphenols, flavonoids, taxol, isoflavons, etc.) in the bioresources, which attach over the nanogold surface during the biosynthesis process. However, the chemically synthesized nanoconjugates barely show any therapeutic activity. Biologically synthesized metal nanoparticles: recent advancement and future perspectives in cancer theranostics


Motivated by the importance of the adoption of cover crops in Iowa and the availability of cost-share funding for this practice in 2013, we use matching methods combined with regression analysis to study the effectiveness of cost-share funding in the adoption of cover crops in Iowa in 2013 using the Iowa Farm and Rural Life Poll. After matching treatment and control groups, we use a Tobit model to estimate the effect of cost-share funding on cover crops acres and on the proportion of cover crops planted relative to total farm land. We find that receiving cost-share funding has a positive and statistically significant effect on cover crops acres and on the proportion of cover crops planted. Furthermore, we find that the mean marginal effect on the proportion of cover crops acres is around 15% among adopters and non-adopters and 14% among adopters. Consequently, having cost-share funding increases the proportion of cover crops acres planted by 15% among all farmers and by 14% among adopters on average. Furthermore, we find that cost-share funding increases cover crops acres on average, but the size of its marginal effect varies with different matched data sets.


The purpose of the study is to assess the impact of multiplier effects in the economy of the Far-Eastern federal district, generated by exogenous changes, on the household income. The Khabarovsk territory was chosen as a model region, which has a set of geographical, economic, social, including demographic, characteristics typical for the entire line of the Far-Eastern subjects of the Russian Federation. The main research method is a balance structural modeling based on the principles of national accounting methodology. Experimental assessment of the matrix of financial flows of the Khabarovsk territory is carried out, taking into account disaggregation of the household account, namely, distribution of the income by 20% (quintile) groups of population, ranked in ascending order of average per capita income. Using the matrix approach allows not only study systematically financial flows between the institutional units in the region, but also to conduct a quantitative analysis of the multipliers of exogenous aggregate demand, demand for the residents' products, demand for production factors (capital and labor). The time frame of the study covers the 2019-2020 biennium. The scientific interest in this period is explained by an attempt to assess changes in the influence of exogenous factors on the dynamics of incomes of the population, taking into account the effect of external shock in relation to the region - a pandemic caused by the spread of a new coronavirus infection. The obtained estimates identified in numerical terms the relationship between regional socio-economic dynamics and changes in the well-being of the population in the context of its individual income groups. An increase in 2020 relative to 2019 is shown in the sensitivity of household incomes in the region to exogenous changes in gross output and the production factor - labor; decrease - the output of the residents of the region and the factor of production - capital. Income groups that influence the change in the corresponding sensitivity are identified.


Four software modules for upper-undergraduate/first-graduate-level dynamics and vibrations courses are presented. The modules treat (1) single-degree-of-freedom spring-mass-damper systems, (2) up to three-degree-of-freedom systems, (3) transverse vibration of uniform beams, and (4) three-dimensional rigid-body attitude dynamics. The first three modules use the Visual Basic platform and have been used as supplementary material in a senior-level vibrations course. The fourth module uses Matlab. Student feedback is included.


The 20th century work of William T. Tutte developed a graph polynomial that is modernly known as the Tutte polynomial. Graph polynomials, such as the Tutte polynomial, the chromatic polynomial, and the Jones polynomial, are at the heart of combinatorical and algebraic graph theory and can be used as tools with which to study graph invariants. Graph invariants, such as order, degree, size, and connectivity which are defined in Section 2, are graph properties preserved under all isomorphisms of a graph. Thus any graph polynomial is not dependent upon a particular labeling or drawing but presents relevant information about the abstract structure of the graph. The Tutte polynomial is the most general graph polynomial that satisfies the recurrence relationship of deletion and contraction. Deletion and contraction, collectively known as the reduction operations and defined in Section 2, are two important actions that con be performed upon a graph in order to aid in the computation of the graph polynomial of interest. The deletion and contraction recurrence relationship states that for every edge e of a graph G, the polynomial of G equals the sum of the polynomial of G delete e and the polynomial of G contract e. Even with the help of these reduction operations, the Tutte polynomial of a graph can be hard to compute with only pen and paper, leading to occasions in which researchers approach the task of developing a formula for the Tutte polynomial of some family of graphs; i.e. a collection of graphs that adhere to common properties. In this thesis, we review the work necessary to compute the Tutte polynomial of the class of fan graphs and the class of wheel graphs and then add to the collection known formulas by computing the formula for the Tutte polynomial of the class of twisted wheel graphs.


A commercial aluminum alloy was subjected to severe plastic deformation through equal channel angular pressing (ECAP). The alloy contains a low volume fraction of α-AlFeSi located essentially at the grain boundaries. The corrosion behavior of the ECAP'ed alloy was investigated in NaCl solution using potentiodynamic polarization and immersion tests. The effects of scan rate and NaCl concentration on the alloy susceptibility to corrosion were also studied. The results obtained were compared with those of the nonpressed alloy. ECAP leads to an intensive grain refinement accompanied by an increased dislocation density. All electrochemical tests confirm that corrosion resistance of the alloy remarkably diminished with increasing the ECAP number of passes. This is presumably due to the breakdown of the α-AlFeSi after ECAP leading to higher number of galvanic cells and enhanced dissolution of the aluminum matrix.


By comparing domestic traditional theory of coach designs with international advanced technology, the paper analyzes the actual demands and applications of passenger vehicles for highway transport, and indicates the direction and measures that may improve competitive edge of the domestic manufactured coach.


Submitted for the MAR10 Meeting of The American Physical Society Atomistic Mechanism of Catalyzed Growth and Termination of Silicon Nanowire SEUNGHWA RYU, Physics, Stanford University, WEI CAI, Mechanical Engineering, Stanford University — Understanding the growth mechanism of semiconductor nanowire from catalyzed droplet is important for better control of the shape and growth speed of nanowires by chemical vapor deposition through the Vapor-Liquid-Solid (VLS) process. To accurately describe the interatomic interaction between gold and silicon atoms, we developed a Au-Si binary potential based on modified embedded-atoms method (MEAM), which is benchmarked against the experimental binary phase diagram and mixing enthalpy. Advanced sampling method is employed to obtain the critical island at the liquid (Si Au alloy) solid (silicon nanowire) interface. The dependence of the nucleation rate of the critical island on temperature and Si supersaturation is compared with experimentally observed nanowire growth rate. The termination of Si nanowire growth is investigated from Au-crystal nucleation inside the liquid droplet at the tip of nanowire. Seunghwa Ryu Physics, Stanford University Date submitted: 01 Dec 2009 Electronic form version 1.4


Using the range for the infinity norm of inverse matrix of a strictly diagonally dominant $ M $-matrix, some new error bounds for the linear complementarity problem are obtained when the involved matrix is a $ B^S $-matrix. Theory analysis and numerical examples show that these upper bounds are more accurate than some existing results.


We perform computational modeling studies to explore the properties of functionalized Mg−Al layered double hydroxides (LDHs). Using molecular dynamics (MD) simulations we study the intercalation of C8H17SO3− sulfonate into a Mg:Al 2:1 LDH system for which the experimental data have recently been reported (J. Phys. Chem. C 2007, 111, 4021). An ab initio force field (condensed-phase optimized molecular potentials for atomistic simulation studies, COMPASS) is used for the MD simulations of the hybrid organic−inorganic system. Quantum mechanical density functional theory is also employed in order to establish structural and spectroscopic benchmarks for the sulfonate as a means of testing the force field. The interlayer structure, arrangement, and orientation of the intercalated species are examined and contrasted with the geometry of the isolated sulfonate. The self-diffusion coefficients of both the interlayer sulfonate and water are estimated to be 2.05 × 10−7 and 3.07 × 10−7 cm2/s at 300 K on the basis of ...


The 6-Mono- and trans-6,7-di-substituted derivatives of 5,6,7,8-tetrahydrodibenzo[a,c]cyclo-octene exist in solution in two different conformations. The experimental ΔGo values obtained from 1H NMR spectra are compared with the ΔEsteric and ΔG values calculated by molecular mechanics and semiempirical quantum mechanics methods respectively. The experimental ΔGo values are reproduced better by the ΔEsteric values. The semiempirical methods predict the order of stability of the conformers correctly except for two cases in the PM3 and AM1 methods, but the estimated values are far from the experimental ones. The standard deviation between the experimental ΔGo values and those calculated by semiempirical methods is less for AM1 and MNDO and greater for PM3 and MINDO/3. The conformational space of the flexible side chains in monoacetoxy 1d, monohydroxy 1e, trans-diacid 2d, trans-dimethyl ester 2e and trans-bis-hydroxymethyl 2f searched by molecular mechanics is not reproduced completely by semiempirical methods. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.


: Industrial software integration is the foundation that supports the production and digital transformation of industrial enterprises. It is also the core for realizing product lifecycle management. The identification resolution path is key to realize the interoperability of all industrial elements and is thus conducive to the deep integration of industrial software. In view of the data and business islands faced by industrial software integration in China, we analyze the demand for industrial software integration from the perspectives of product design and production, quality information traceability, and production–finance integration. Subsequently, we examine the development history of industrial software integration in China and abroad and summarize the challenges from the perspective of data interoperability and full-set software procurement. Additionally, we propose the development idea of combining industrial software integration with identification resolution, focusing on the physical gateway, interface platform, and cloud component technology. The idea includes the technical architecture, identification resolution technology path, data management mode, and core functions. Finally, we suggest promoting the coupling of the identification resolution system with industrial software from the aspects of development of the industry drive, corporate culture, and talent support.


OBJECTIVE
To explore the etiological factors of hand special chronic infections and their relationship with tuberculosis, and to give evidence for clinical diagnosis as well as treatments.

METHODS
From 2002 to 2004 pathologic inspection, acid-fast stain, bacterial cultication, mycobacterial cultivation were performed in all 29 cases of hand special chronic infections.

RESULTS
All cases showed granulomatous lesions in pathological appearance, 2 positive in acid-fast stain, 12 positive in bacteria cultivation, and 1 nocardiosis, 1 staphylococcus epidermidis, 7 M.marinum, 1 M.tuberculosis, 1 M.fortuitum, 1 M.kansasii.

CONCLUSIONS
Non-tuberculo-mycobacterium (NTM) especially M.marinum are far more important as the major factor than tuberculosis and other bacterial in hand special chronic infections. Bacteria cultivation should be routine examined for all cases.


In this issue of Blood, Pagel and colleagues compare pretargeted versus conventional radioimmunotherapy in lymphoma models, reporting the superiority of pretargeting and lack of benefit for antibody cocktails versus a single antibody.


The communication between agents influences beliefs of agents in two aspects: the first is influences to beliefs them-selves, the second is influences to credibility degree of beliefs. In order to solve these two problems, this paper constructed evaluating models of other agents, and maintained reliable degree, friendly degree, understanding degree and a competent-topic-set in every model. The competent-topic-set decided the influenced range of beliefs, and reliability, friendly degree, understanding degree and topic competent degree together decided the credibility degree of influenced beliefs. The syntactic based on modal logic and semantics based on possible world were described in this paper.


In the processing of the remote sensing imagery interpretation, the needs of selecting the objects that we are interested become more and more important. But much of the work is still accomplished by handwork presently. In order to change this situation, to improve the automatic analysis of the computer, this paper makes some discussion of the objects' automatic detection that we are interested.In color edge detection, we used to applying the same method as monochrome images processing, thus we can't take good advantage of much color information. The idea of using vector order Prewitt operators to edge detectors can help us make full use of the color information. On the other hand, many Remote Sensing images are multi\|wave\|band. Therefore, using vector order Prewitt operator is more useful than conventional Prewitt operators in processing the imagery of Remote Sensing. The "Snake" algorithm is a famous active contour model, which is often used when we need a precise contour of an object in image processing field. This method will be more reliable if we consider the shape factor\|the relationship among all the Snake points in the procedure of finding the minimum energy position.According to these approaches, this paper introduces the concept of "vector order Prewitt operators" into the snake algorithm with the shape factor. During the processing, it makes some improvement in the gradient direction algorithm. That is, it can judge the orientation of a pixel's gradient directly, without computing the exact degree of the gradient. Consequently this helps to reduce the amount of computation. In addition, we make some argument about the threshold. We found that make threshold in different sequences will have different effects. The effects are shown in this paper. The effectiveness of the proposed method and its value of practicality can be confirmed by the experiments.


The purpose of this study was to investigate the using of Arabic among the students of Bachelor of Arabic at the Local Higher Institutions (IPTA) and to find out the reasons which obstruct the using of Arabic among them. The research has been carried out among 130 students of Bachelor of Arabic at the Local Higher Institutions (UPM, UKM, UM, UIAM, and USIM. The results shown the level of using Arabic among the students of Bachelor of Arabic at IPTA either in the classroom or out-site classroom is low and did not satisfied. This is because of the external and internal factors. The internal factors are the feelings of students toward the Arabic language such as shy, not confident, afraid, not courageous, ect. The results of this research may affect the implication practical of technique and method of teaching of Arabic in order to uplift the using of Arabic among the Arabic Bachelor students.


The distributed computing approach has the several advantages over the old centralized computing approach like reduction of execution time and low cost involvement. Many researchers have applied the modeling concepts for the distributed computing system. The most popular approach is the object-oriented modeling also known as Unified Modeling Language (UML) approach which is a platform independent to any programming language. In the present work, Unified Modeling Language (UML) is used for the various aspects used in the distributed computing system. This paper consists of the modeling of newly developed step topology and compared with the bus topology under distributed computing system. UML activity diagrams are designed for these topologies and the diameters of bus and step topology are also computed by varying the nodes through hope count and represented in the form of table and graph.


A pot experiment was conducted to determine the effects of different concentrations of four kinds of growth regulators on plant height,length and width of leaf,tillers,dry weight and fresh weight of perennial ryegrass(Lolium perenne).The results showed that the different concentration of four plant growth regulators were significantly inhibited the growth of plants.200 mg·L-1 of Paclobutrazol and 375 mg·L-1 of Aibis treatments were suggested for chemical pruning of perennial ryegrass.


Abstract : During the last few years, major scientific progress has been achieved in fields related to computer aided analysis of multibody systems. In view of this progress and recent developments of computer hardware and general purpose software, there is a need to access the current state of art and results from different schools of thought, with the objective of focussing trends in future research. Going back to 1983 when an important NATO-NSF-ARO Advanced Study Institute on Computer Aided Analysis and Optimization of Mechanical Systems was held at the University of Iowa, one may notice that less then 10 years ago the state of art was mainly dwelling on rigid body dynamics. The interest in the dynamic simulation of mechanical systems has steadily increased in recent years coming mainly from the aerospace and automative industries. The development of multibody system analysis formulations have been more recently motivated with the need to include several features such as: real-time simulation capabilities, highly non-linear control devices, work space path planing, active control of machine flexibilities and reliability and accuracy in the analysis results. The need for accurate and efficient analysis tools for design of large and lightweight mechanical systems has driven many research groups in the challenging problem of flexible systems with an increasing interaction with finite element methodologies. Basic approaches to mechanical systems dynamic analysis have recently been presented in several new text book. These publications demonstrate that both recursive and absolute methods still have their proponents to resolve the redundancy encountered in most mechanical systems.


The role of the Thomas precession in the dynamic formation of the electric field lines of a moving charged particle is demonstrated. A simple derivation of the Thomas precession formula is given, based only on the Lorentz contraction of moving bodies. A simple and physically appealing construction is developed for determining points on a field line. Field line diagrams are generated and discussed. These diagrams vividly reveal the existence and magnitude of the Thomas precession.


In this paper the values of dielectric constant ( '  ) and loss factor ( "  ) have been experimentally determined for binary mixture of Secondary Butyl Alcohol +Ethylenediamine at 9.85 GHz microwave frequency at 25C temperature. The values of '  and "  have been used to evaluate the molar polarization (P12) and the excess permittivity ( '   , "   ). The excess parameters for viscosity (   ), square refractive index ( 2 D n  ) and activation energy ( a E ) also determined for viscous flow. These parameters have been used to explain the molecular interaction and formation of complex in the mixture.


The purpose of this study was to describe Zimbabwe Open University (ZOU), Bed(EAPPS) students' background, identify push factors motivating them to register and establish anticipated pull factors compelling these students to withdraw. The study used a descriptive survey in which data was gathered from 48 students from Mashonaland West and Manicaland regions using questionnaires. The study found that, the majority of students are young primary school teachers studying by the distant learning mode for the first time. They are motivated by the need for a degree, salary increase and promotional prospects. These motives are promoted mainly by The Ministry of Education, the teachers main employer in Zimbabwe. Their progress can be affected by poor performance as a result of improper study orientation, irrelevant modules and costs. The study recommends serious student orientation, a review of modules, a practical programme orientation and short courses to develop intrinsic motivation. The study fears that if The Ministry of Education decided not to recognize ZOU degree qualifications, as it did for TECHNKON university, then ZOU's survival is threatened. Tutors can visit students at identified rural centres to reduce travel costs and take ZOU to the people.


This report is based on research performed and experience collected by Bioengineering, which has developed a variety of equipment on the basis of its experiments.


Recent morphologic and biochemical studies of macrophage lysosomes (1, 2) have shown that pinocytic vesicles are converted into secondary lysosomes in the centrosphere region of the cytoplasm by fusion with Golgi vesicles and/or preexisting secondary lysosomes. Environmenta l molecules which increase the rate of pinocytic activity result in both increased numbers of lysosomes and increased levels of lysosomal enzymes. The mechanism by which endocytosis stimulates the formation of macrophage lysosomes is still obscure. This report will concern the role of membrane interiorization and the nature of interiorized substrate on the control of lysosomal hydrolases.


In recent years, the interdisciplinary exploration of combining traditional visual communication design with somatosensory interaction technology has become a new form of artistic expression. In order to explore the feasibility of somatosensory interaction technology in visual communication design, this study proposes a 2D dynamic graphic generation method based on somatosensory interaction parameterisation and uses traditional Chinese elements as an example for specific applications in visual communication design. Firstly, the motion parameters recognised using the Kinect somatosensory interaction device are bound to the function variables used to generate the images in the development environment, thus enabling human somatosensory interaction with different characters in the scene. Secondly, a linear discriminant analysis based on kernel functions is used to reduce the dimensionality of the vector space, thus solving the problem of real-time and accurate capture of human movements. Then, using the skeletal parameter binding technique, the association between the motion parameters of the somatosensory interaction and the two-dimensional dynamic graphics is achieved. The experimental results show that the visual communication technique based on somatosensory interaction has a high recognition accuracy. Distinguished from traditional digital video, the proposed method can greatly enrich the visual representation of traditional Chinese elements.


In the present paper, some sufficient conditions for closed mappings to be peripherally compact are given and a problem of Y. Tanaka and C. Liu is answered.


Results of several years of research in Japan, conducted with financial and technical assistance from World Health Organization; evaluation of high rate mechanical digesters and forced air curing bins; pilot plant and prototype plant studies; use of "Nakamura" type high rate pilot plant; flow diagram of high rate composting pilot plant at Kobe; description of various grinders and digesters; chemical and bacteriological analyses.


Sir: The chronic toxic effects of anticonvulsant drugs pose considerable problems in the long term treatment of epilepsy.' Intellectual deterioration and other mental state changes are probably the most easily overlooked of these toxic effects, especially when not associated with other signs of toxicity.2 We report the case of a 45 year old female with temporal lobe epilepsy, who developed overt psychiatric illness after 16 years of treatment with primidone and phenytoin which resolved dramatically on withdrawal of these drugs. The patient has had temporal lobe absence seizures since the age of 14. She was first seen by a neurologist in 1972, at the age of 29, and therapy with phenytoin and phenobarbitone was started. Primidone was substituted for phenobarbitone in 1974 to achieve better seizure control. Around this time she developed a major depressive episode and was treated with imipramine for a few weeks. She became pregnant in 1980, while on 100 mg tds of phenytoin and 250 mg tds of primidone. Seizure control was particularly difficult during and soon after her pregnancy. Personality changes, which are described below, were first noticed at this time. A moderate degree of depression also developed, and persisted. She complained of 'odd sensations' in her legs and hands in mid 1987. On neurological examination no abnormality, other than a subjective decrease in touch sensation over all fingers, was noted. Serum anticonvulsant levels measured in August 1987 were: phenobarbitone 180-6 miqromol/l ('therapeutic range' 64-150-5 micromol/l), phenytoin 67-15 micromol/l ('therapeutic range' 39-79 micromol/l), primidone 46 micromol/l ('therapeutic range' 32-46 micromol/l). Over the years her serum phenobarbitone levels had been maintained at 17-35 micromol/l above the upper limit of the normal range. However, her serum phenytoin and primidone levels were always within normal limits. Throughout this period and until her current admission she was maintained on Phenytoin 100 mg tds and primidone 250 mg tds. She failed to keep outpatient appointments after November 1987. In May 1988 she returned to work in a bank after a break of 18 years. Within days she began to feel persecuted by her colleagues and felt she was being observed and recorded. She heard the porter's voice saying derogatory things to her when he was not actually present, and also heard strange voices saying "The Wend, wonder when". She was convinced that a colleague was "setting up something" for her, when she was in fact making an innocent telephone call to her policeman husband. While returning from Ireland she felt that two men on the flight had been sent by the bank to spy on her, and was convinced she could hear them saying "I'm afraid it is a stalemate". She was dismissed from the bank in July 1988 but her symptoms persisted. She thought her neighbours were plotting against her and that felt that something odd was going on, but could not describe this feeling further. She appeared more depressed than usual to her family and was often tearful. She was considerably disabled by her symptoms and was unable to cook, go out alone or take adequate care of her children. Her husband felt she had changed over the past seven years from a vivacious, gregarious, confident person to a withdrawn, sensitive person with poor self-confidence and self-esteem. He was also deeply concerned about the new "psychotic" symptoms which had appeared in recent months. She was referred to us in August 1988. On examination there was a mild coarsening of features, hirsutism, gingival hypertrophy and horizontal nystagmus. She complained ofparaesthesiae on her face, fingertips, lower legs and feet and on clinical examination there was a subjective decrease in fine touch only, over her arms and legs. There was no ataxia. She continued to experience the symptoms outlined above and was extremely tense and paranoid. No cognitive deficits were found. Serum anticonvulsant levels were: phenobarbitone 197-8 micromol/l, phenytoin 83 micromol/l and primidone 46 micromol/l. Other abnormal investigations included an elevated gamma-glutamyl transferase level (91 IU/l), an increased mean corpuscular volume (98-7 fl), moderate, diffuse, non-specific slow wave dysfunction in her EEG and mild cerebellar atrophy on her CT scan (which was also evident on a scan done in 1985). Serum folate was normal (8-4 nmol/l; normal range 54-32 nmol/l). She agreed to admission with great reluctance and isolated herself on the ward. She


The vibrational spectra (FTIR-Raman) of the hexaaquatris(malonato)dieuropium(III) dihydrate are reported and discussed. An assignment of H 2 O, CH 2 and OCO modes in the complex is proposed on the basis of the structural data previously reported. Valuable information about the water librational modes has been obtained. The different types of interaction between the carboxylate groups of the malonate ions and Eu(III), four- and sixmembered chelate rings and monodentate bridging interactions, have been also evidenced. The mechanism of the thermal dehydration is analysed and the results are in agreement with the crystal structure.


Traumatization of an isolated segment ofthe ferret uterus on Day 12 of gestation (the day of implantation) results in the development of a maternal pregnancy reaction at the site of the trauma. This reaction consists of the formation and subsequent necrosis of symplasmal nests of endometrial epithelial cells and hypertrophy of the maternal capillary endothelium, and the cytology is identical to that of the endometrial reaction in the placental region of the uterus during normal pregnancy (Beck, 1974). The development of a maternal pregnancy reaction at times during gestation other than Day 12 has not been investigated and the present study was therefore undertaken to see whether a sensitive period existed. The experimental procedure for isolation of a portion of the uterine horn was similar to that described by Beck (1974). Forty ferrets were mated at oestrus and the day of mating was designated as Day 0 of pregnancy. In 28 animals in Exp. 1 a thick (R.823 Mersilk : Ethicon) silk thread was placed in the lumen of a previously isolated segment ofuterine horn at various times before or after implant¬ ation ; the thread remained in situ until the animals were killed 8 days later. In Exp. 2 the endometrium of the isolated segment in 12 animals was similarly traumatized but the silk thread was removed after 24 h and the animals were killed 7 day s later. Sections through the treated portions of the same uterine horn were fixed in Bouin's fluid and prepared for light microscopy. The results are in Histological examination traumatized endometrium of the in Exp. that a maternal pregnancy reaction developed only at certain stages of gestation. Histological changes appeared most pronounced when the intrauterine thread was on Day 12. No specific response was elicited Day 6 or after Day 14; traumatization of the endometrium outside the sensitive period merely produced occasional patches of surface necrosis involving not only the epithelium


♦ To develop green chemistry approaches in synthesis, modification/fabrication, characterization of some nanoporous materials or chemical products for their possible applications in making synthetic chemical processes or methodologies eco-efficient and selective The specific or sub-objectives from the aforementioned main objective include: [1]. To immobilize an ionic liquid bearing bis{(trifluoromethyl)sulfonyl}imide i.e. NTf2 anion (Hünig base) onto SBA-16 silica material and their application as heterogeneous catalyst for eco-efficient Knoevenagel condensation; [2]. To synthesize, modify and characterize mordenite by using microwaveassisted reaction systems and also to study its applications in eco-efficient as well as selective carbonylation of methanol and n-hexane cracking; [3]. To utilize wheat husk ashes for the syntheses of (i). mesoporous MCM-41, Ti containing MCM-41 materials, (ii) microporous ZSM-5 and H form of ZSM-5 and also to characterize and testing these materials in possible greening of chemical processes;


A user-friendly experiment for evaluating column packing efficiency was designed,and it was also generally applicable to traditional reversed-phase HPLC packed column efficiency evaluation.Acetone was used as the dead time marker and methanol was used as mobile phase,then good results were achieved in the plate height-mobile phase velocity curve test.The chromatographic operating conditions are universal,and this experiment is suitable for HPLC teaching and the practical application of chromatography.


The load acted on the lock wall should be simplified on the floor when the Ge's table lookup method is utilized in the structure calculation of the lock's dock.This paper makes calculations of different load simplified methods,and compares the results with the calculation results by the finite element method.It is indicated that the traditional simplified methods exist some problems in the view of structure mechanics and the reasonability of calculation results.Rational simplified methods of calculation load are recommended according to characteristics of different dock structures.


From 2016 to 2019, I conducted my doctoral project research on trans and gender-diverse experiences in Norway, focussing on the impact of a new law on gender recognition through which the previous sterilisation requirement for legal gender change was overturned. Over the course of this research, I have been exploring what it means to be an ethical feminist scholar and working to foster what I feel is a more ethical approach to research on trans individuals. In this article, I outline what I have found to be essential theoretical and methodological considerations to ethical trans research. I apply these to my own doctoral research process to demonstrate the importance of trans-focussed research, reflecting on the challenges I faced when writing my thesis.


Using the secondary‐ion mass spectrometry profile of the SiGe‐base heterojunction bipolar transistor of Patton et al. [IEEE Trans. Electron. Dev. 11, 171 (1990)] we retrieve the hole drift mobility for strained Si1−xGex (SiGe) layers up to Ge fractions of 10% and for dopant levels in the range 1016–1019 cm−3. In contrast to theoretically calculated values, the results show a significant reduction in the hole mobility.


Manipulation of pressure/volume data helps locate a wax plug in a pipeline, and it may then be possible to clear the line by interception of the plug with a hot tap. Or, in an extreme case, information obtained from the pressure/volume data will allow better assessment of where to replace the pipe. The possibility of a pipeline becoming plugged by paraffin buildup is greatest in winter when cooler temperatures may cause wax to precipitate and plate out on the pipe walls or completely gel in the line. The risk of plugging is also greatest during pigging. This is because passage of the pig may cause a large mass of wax to accumulate by scraping a thin layer of wax from a long length of pipe. This type of plug does not enlarge once the pipeline is stopped up. It has been successfully cleared by tapping the pipeline at a point within the wax blockage and then pumping the plug out in sections.


The paper provides new type examples covered by the general theory of global attractors for abstract parabolic equations presented in the monograph [C-D 1]. Inside the class of sectorial equations of the form (1) ii + Au = F(u), i > 0, u(0) = u0, we cover pseudodifferential parabolic problems (2) ut = ( A ) ° i i + /(u), a G (0,1), studied with suitable initial-boundary conditions and also their generalizations to problems with the main part being a finite sum of the fractional powers. 1. Part I. Abstract tools Introductory notes. A class of equations with the main part being a fractional power of a uniformly elliptic operator (or a finite sum of such powers) will be studied here within the theory introduced in [FR], [HE], [PA] and developed in our recent monograph [C-D 1]. There is no difference, in general, in studying local solvability of abstract parabolic problems of the form (1) and pseudodifferential equations (2) (or its generalizations), since fractional powers of sectorial positive operators are, for a G (0,1), sectorial and positive. In this discussion it is convenient to use a notion, due to H. Komatsu, of an operator of the type (ui, M{6)) with UJ < | in a Banach space X. DEFINITION 1. We say that A is of type (u>,M(6)), 0 < UJ < TT, if the domain D(A) is dense in X, the resolvent set of —A contains the sector 1991 Mathematics Subject Classification: 35S15, 35B40, 35K90.


A cover for at least a portion of the top surface of a small-sized electronic calculator is provided, a portion of said cover being adapted to transmit light onto the display surface, the cover also being dimensioned to be large relative to the display surface of the liquid crystal display of said calculator so as to insure proper contrast for said display surface.


Allegra Anderson Assembly Required: One Peace at a Time (Film) Jennifer Brier Examining the Political Ideology of The New York Times, The Guardian, and Le Monde During the Buildup to the 2003 War in Iraq (Research Paper) Daniel Clionsky Anathema (Film) Lauren Joanna Davis "Mass" Media Literacy: An Integrated Approach to Media Literacy Education in Massachusetts (Curriculum) William M. DeGregorio Manner Magazine: The Making of a Gay Magazine Stella Deych S: A Magazine for Today's Women Jennifer Beth Earls Avoid the Awkward: A Social Marketing Campaign for Improving Tufts Students' Sexual and Romantic Interpersonal Relationships Grace Louise Edinger Traverser: A Magazine Between Art Fashion & Architecture Hannah Sophie Ehrlich "Mass" Media Literacy: An Integrated Approach to Media Literacy Education in Massachusetts (Curriculum) Sarah Fleischmann The Eliot-Pearson Awards for Excellence in Children's Media (Event Planning) Douglas Foote Self-Evident (Performance and Script) Marissa Forman M Hair Care (Marketing Campaign) Michael A. Gelman Anathema (Film) James B. Gerber The Shrinking Ceiling (Film) Rachel S. Geylin The Underground Sound of New York (Photojournalism) Justin Cole Greenbaum The Future of Music: Creation and Distribution in a Digital World (Research Paper) Lydia Hall True Magazine: Politics, Style, Real Girls Introducing Political Awareness & Active Citizenship to Young Women Eleanor Heidkamp-Young ACCESSing Higher Education (Film) Victor H. John Pain & Suffering (Screenplay) Patrick W. Keith An Homage to Home Movies (Film) Lara Rebecca Kitain New Media Campaign for the 2008 Bill Richardson Presidential Campaign Cristina Lara A New CK Ad Campaign Shane Nicholas Marzola– The Fan Zone: A Sports Radio Talk Show Ian McClellan Grow a Show (Multimedia: Web site and Marketing Campaign) David R. Naden iSi, Nos Importa!: Students Take Action to Strengthen Local Latino Communities (Magazine Journalism) Yuna Park A Study of the Blog: Its Origins and Outlook (Research Paper) Joel J. Perez The Gallery (Film) Amod Rajbhandari Ripple: The New Walden Media Magazine Gregory M. Smith Goodnight Neverland (Screenplay) Brittany A. Sommer Using Media Literacy to Kick Bullying's Butt (Research Paper)


Analogue gravity enables the study of fields on curved spacetimes in the laboratory. While there are numerous experimental platforms in which classical amplification (at the event horizon or the ergoregion) has been observed, there is a dearth of experimental evidence for quantum emission. Fortunately, horizons in fluids of light are predicted to emit Hawking radiation with a clear quantum correlation signature. Here, we demonstrate how optically generating a defect in a polariton microcavity enables the creation of one- and two-dimensional, transsonic fluids flows. We show that this highly tuneable method permits the creation of horizons. Furthermore, we present a rotating geometry with an ergoregion and an inner horizon. These experiments usher-in the possibility of observing stimulated as well as spontaneous amplification by the Hawking, Penrose and Zeld'ovich effects.


Scenario-based validation is a promising approach for the safety validation of highly automated driving systems. By modeling relevant driving scenarios, utilizing simulations and selecting insightful test cases, the testing effort is reduced. However, current methods can't automatically create intuitive models of the vehicle trajectories in a scenario. We propose to use unsupervised machine learning to train neural networks to solve the modeling problem. The models learn a small set of intuitive parameters without the need for labeled data and use them to generate new realistic trajectories. The neural networks, which base on the InfoGAN and beta-VAE architectures, are adapted from the image domain to the time series domain. Although our methods are generally applicable, our experiments focus on lane change maneuvers on highways. To train the networks, we use more than 5600 measured lane change trajectories extracted from the highD dataset. Our results show that the networks learn to describe lane change maneuvers by up to four intuitive parameters. Furthermore, the networks are able to map existing lane change trajectories to values of the learned parameters and generate new, previously unseen, realistic trajectories. We compare both architectures among themselves and to a polynomial model, and show respective advantages.


Switched reluctance motor (SRM) has a simple, inexpensive and reliable construction due to the concentrated coils on stator pole and no conductors or magnets on the rotor pole. The advantages on the SRM operation such as high speed, high torque to inertia ratio, fault tolerant, low inertia and low inrush currents, make it a better choice for use in different applications. The dynamic behavior of the SRM on various conditions should be studied. This paper aim is to develop a Matlab model of a 6/10 SRM using the mathematic equations. As the results, the simulation shows the impact of load torque on the phase current profile, speed profile, and inductance profile. The simulation is performed the characteristics of the switched reluctance motor in Matlab environment to show the efficiency of the proposed model.


There is increase in computer performance exponentially in past few decades which led to demand in low power and high speed arithmetic circuits which is highly challenging in designing of such kind of circuits. The Fused Multiply Add (FMA) is one of the most efficient designs from the arithmetic designs. This paper presents a novel FMA which is implemented by using modulo 2n + 1 adder and multiplier to achieve low power and high speed. The synthesis is carried out in RTL Complier using TSMC 130nm, 90nm, 65nm and 40nm technology files. In order to show the confidence of the proposed FMA it has been compared with existing one FMA. The results show that the proposed FMA has better performance in terms of delay, power and area.


Scrapbook - "Wellington South Primary Schools Music Festival 1976: Wellington High School Hall".
Includes colour and black and white photographs of school children in costume, including some wearing masks, with others of children playing instruments and singing.
Documenting an event held on 23 September 1976 at Wellington High School Hall and featuring participants from Newtown, Berhampore, St Annes, Houghton Valley, Marist Boys, St Madeleine - Sophie, and Island Bay schools.
Text describes planning of event and a copy of letter to Gwyneth Lee Brown from Department of Education dated 1 October 1976 is pasted in. The performances include representations of songs and legends from China, India and Samoa, with some typescript programme material, and other manuscript lyrics laid in.
Quantity: 1 album(s) Scrapbook with total of 39 photographs, including.
Physical Description: Scrapbook containing colour and black and white photographic prints, typescript and manuscript, 35 x 25 cm.


negative t rms. We need not look far for evidence that female inequality and male resistance tochange have always been central features of economic, social, and political life in Canada. But there is plenty of evidence, too, that the battle of the sexes has seldom been the primary form of gender interaction, that the domestic lives of men and women have usually rested on enduring commitments between the sexes, that women have had loyal male allies in their quest for equality in public and private life. In past and present time both women and men have lived their lives in complex interaction with each other individually and collectively. From the historian's perspective this is one of the most basic, yet neglected, problems in the history of society. The challenge before us all is to transcend the partial view and to consider gender relations in the round. P•:r•.R w^Rr> University of British Columbia


Local chemotherapy was explored1,2as part of a broader program in oncology in which supportive care, utilizing blood components3,4and immunotherapeutic approaches were studied and developed as therapeutic methods5,6for comprehensive care in cancer.7 Our studies, which led to the development of local chemotherapy as a new treatment modality8have been carried out in over 500 patients with an aggregate of more than 15,000 neoplastic lesions for observation periods in excess of five years. Topical chemotherapy with fluorouracil (5FU) was shown to result in selective eradication of premalignant and superficial malignant lesions of the skin. Since the action of 5-FU is selective, it produces minimal or no effects on normal tissues adjacent to tumors. Healing therefore occurs with slight or no apparent scarring. Topical chemotherapy is indicated for solar keratoses and other precancerous lesions, as well as for multiple superficial primary skin cancers, including selected


The advancement of socio-phonetics has helped the steady growth of research relating to characterising non-native or minority group speech over the years. While some studies focus on differences in the production of sounds by native and non-native speakers, others have paid more attention to the perception or identification of such varieties by listeners of various kinds. This work examines the idea of whether routine exposure to other speaker-types, from a standpoint of differing ethnicities, leads to an increased capability for such correct identification perceptually, i.e., as in Ethnic Group Attribution (EGA) tasks. It achieves this by capitalising on relevant social data from a large-scale investigation that, perhaps for the sake of avoiding controversy, others have apparently left somewhat unattended. Overall, findings of the examination corroborate those previously suggesting listener performance generally reaches a plateau and does not continually heighten by repeated (task) exposure. It furthermore uncovers that EGA potential is not so predictable, in terms of outcome, when listeners' interactions are considered using either of two distinct socialisation measures.


The introductory chapter to the book, Broke: How Debt Bankrupts the Middle Class (Stanford University Press, 2012 (ed. Katherine Porter), puts the problem of financial distress in American families in context. It documents the rise in consumer debt that has left today's families with debt burdens that would have been unthinkable a mere generation ago. It argues that debt has become one of the most common shared qualities of middle-class Americans and briefly describes the chapters in Broke that explore the problems facing overindebted families. The book examines the demographic and financial characteristics of people in bankruptcy, the decisions that contributed to their debt problems, the consequences of being in financial distress, the functioning of the bankruptcy system as a solution to overwhelming debt, and the way in which debt loads can erode families' aspirations of achieving middle-class prosperity. The introduction explains the strengths of using bankruptcy as a lens for studying financial distress and contains a short primer on consumer bankruptcy for non-lawyers. The chapter also provides a brief description of the 2007 Consumer Bankruptcy Project, the source of the data used in the chapters in Broke and many scholarly articles.


In the academic study of Buddhism the terms "Mahayana" and "Hinayana" are often set in contradiction to each other, and the two vehicles are described as having different aspirations, teachings, and practices. The distinctions made between the Mahayana and the Hinayana, however, force the schools into neat, isolated, and independent categories that often undermine the complexities that exist concerning their beliefs, ideologies, and practices. While some of the categories used to differentiate the Mahayana and the Hinayana are helpful in the study and interpretation of Buddhism, these distinctions must continually be reviewed. This article attempts to review one such distinction: the commonly held theoretical model that postulates that the goal of Mahayana practitioners is to become buddhas by following the path of the bodhisattva (bodhisattva-yana), whereas the goal of HTnayana practitioners is to become arahants by following the path of the Hearer or the Buddha's disciples (riavaka-yina). In demonstrating the oversimplifications inherent in this model, this article will investigate the presence and scope of the bodhisattva ideal in Theravada Buddhist theory and practice. By raising issues surrounding the Mahdyana-Hinayana opposition, however, I am not suggesting that distinctions cannot be made between the two vehicles, nor am I proposing to do away with the terms "Mahayana" and "Hinayana." Rather, in exploring the oversimplifications inherent in the Mahayana-HTnayana dichotomy, it is my intention to replace the theoretical model that identifies (1) Mahayana Buddhism with the bodhisattva-yana and (2) HTnayana Buddhism with the sravakayina with a model that is more representative of the two vehicles. In doing so, the implied purpose of this article, as is John Holt's study of the place and relevance of Avalokiteivara in Sri Lanka, is to "raise questions among students of Buddhism regarding the very utility of the terms Mahayana ... and Theravada as designating wholly distinctive religiohistorical constructs"' (emphasis added). Before turning to the presence and scope of the bodhisattva ideal in Theravada Buddhism (the only extant school of HTnayana Buddhism), it may be beneficial to investigate briefly the sources that identify the bodhisattva-yana with Mahayana Buddhism and the ?ravaka-yana with HTnayana Buddhism. Instead of looking at how this model is appropriated by scholars of Buddhism, I will turn to the writings of three Mahayana Buddhists in which this bifurcation is suggested. Jeffrey Samuels


We represent here, a case of male patient aged 32 years coming complaining of diffuse periumbilical pain since 2 days that shifted to the right iliac fossa and suprapubic areas within 6 h from onset. The condition was accompanied by vomiting (once), constipation, and fever. Abdominal examination revealed tender Mc-Burney point with rebound tenderness in the right iliac fossa; he had a pulse of 97 beats/min, temperature of 38.1΀C, and total leukocytic count of 9000 c/m. Ultrasonography revealed minimal free fluid with noncompressible tubular blind structures, indicating acute appendicitis [Figure 1]. The patient was prepared for appendectomy in the usual manner through Lan's incision. On operation, two bulges were found arising from the antimesenteric border of the distal half of the appendix [Figure 2] as diverticulae with impending rupture of one of them [Figure 3]. Both the appendix and diverticulae are seats of inflammation [Figure 4]. Appendectomy was performed and the specimen was sent for histopathologic examination, revealing diverticulitis of an inflamed appendix (type 2 diverticulosis of the appendix). We reviewed the literature to study cases on such a clinical entity and determine whether appendectomy was sufficient in all cases and whether there was actual increased risk for another diverticulae elsewhere.


In support of the NASA Aviation Safety Program's Synthetic Vision Systems Project, a series of piloted simulations were conducted to explore and quantify the relationship between candidate Terrain Portrayal Concepts and Guidance Symbology Concepts, specific to General Aviation. The experiment scenario was based on a low altitude en route flight in Instrument Metrological Conditions in the central mountains of Alaska. A total of 18 general aviation pilots, with three levels of pilot experience, evaluated a test matrix of four terrain portrayal concepts and six guidance symbology concepts. Quantitative measures included various pilot/aircraft performance data, flight technical errors and flight control inputs. The qualitative measures included pilot comments and pilot responses to the structured questionnaires such as perceived workload, subjective situation awareness, pilot preferences, and the rare event recognition. There were statistically significant effects found from guidance symbology concepts and terrain portrayal concepts but no significant interactions between them. Lower flight technical errors and increased situation awareness were achieved using Synthetic Vision Systems displays, as compared to the baseline Pitch/Roll Flight Director and Blue Sky Brown Ground combination. Overall, those guidance symbology concepts that have both path based guidance cue and tunnel display performed better than the other guidance concepts.


This retrospective study concerns 537 adolescent pregnant patients followed at the 1st Dep. of Obst. and Gyn. during the time period 1984-87. Preeclampsia, preterm labor and neonatal mortality were more frequent than in the general population.


In a seminal paper, Grossman and Helpman (1994) introduced a framework to understand how lobbying activities inuence the choice of import/export taris. Although their analysis presumes perfect information, in many situations lobbies have private information regarding the impact of policies available to governments. In this paper we assume that the lobbies have private information in a Grossman and Helpman lobby game and analyze the eects of information transmission within their model. Information transmission leads to two agency costs in the political game. One refers to the cost of signaling the lobby's competitiveness to the policy maker and the other to the cost of screening the rival lobby's competitiveness from the policy maker. We show that in the equilibrium of the political game the signaling cost reduces the distortions resulting from the screening cost. On the other hand, distortions from the screening cost enhance the signaling cost. The two combined eects generate more distortions in the political game than each eect separately. Tari protection and lobbies' rents are lower than those found in Grossman and


Lithium uptake and release in lithium titanate (LTO) anode materials during a discharge and charge cycle is one of the fundamental processes of a lithium-ion battery (LIB), still not fully understo...


The assembly of Space Station Freedom will require operations where large bodies are manipulated in close proximity to one other. A fast and reliable method for performing collision detection would greatly benefit the development and verification of such operations. The Interactive Graphics and Operations Analysis Laboratory (IGOAL) has developed an algorithm for performing collision detection which provides accurate results at interactive speeds. This algorithm uses a highly-optimized ray tracer for performing the analysis. The purpose of this presentation is to describe the algorithm and demonstrate its capabilities.


The general aim of this paper is to investigate the educational aspirations of the children of immigrants living in Italy and attending the last year of primary school (8th grade). We look at the educational aspirations both as a predictor of educational choice and as a measure of social integration. We consider both secondary school track and university aspirations as indicators of educational preferences in the short and long run. Data have been collected during the 2005-2006 school year and they come from the ITAGEN survey: the first Italian nation-wide extensive survey on children with at least one foreign-born parent. First, we analyze association between aspirations and structural characteristics (e.g. migration status and country of origin) and social aspects such as family socioeconomic status, and friendship ties. These aspects seem to be determinants in defining both short and long time aspirations, while long-term aspirations are not associated with migration status. Second, we investigate the relevance of context in delineating educational aspirations. To develop this second aspect we perform multilevel analysis that takes into account both individual and school level variables. Our hypothesis, confirmed both for short and long aspirations, is that attending a school where most of the Italian pupils have high educational aspirations may lead children of immigrants to enhance their own aspirations.


Abstract The concept of a surface effect ship (SES) is to lift the hull partly by the air cushion enclosed within two side hulls, a bow skirt and a stern seal. Consequently, it results in lower draft, resistance and motions than equivalent length catamarans in most sea states. In very low sea states, however, there is a significant design problem, which is high vertical accelerations, referred to as the cobblestone effect. The oscillations are based on resonance phenomena and are caused by the change of the cushion volume due to the incident waves. The resonance oscillations have an important damping mechanism which is derived from the air leakage flow under the stern seal bag of a SES. Hence, the accurate prediction of the leakage flow is required for the estimation of the cobblestone effect. In order to solve the unsteady flow field under the stern seal bag, a viscous flow code for numerically simulating two-dimensional incompressible flows has been developed. The governing equations to be solved are the time-dependent Navier–Stokes equations, using the artificial compressibility approach. The spatial discretization is based on a cell-centred finite volume formulation. The inviscid fluxes are evaluated by Roe's scheme with the third-order-accurate MUSCL approach. Time integration is conducted by the second-order accurate backward Euler formula and the linear equation system is solved by an approximate Newton relaxation scheme with the symmetric Gauss–Seidel iteration approach. For the resulting time integration to be conservative on a moving grid system, a geometric conservation law is introduced. A numerical procedure is presented and contributions of the viscous effects to the cobblestone effect problem are discussed.


We present a new Mobile Mapping System mounted on a vehicle to reconstruct outdoor environment in real time. The scanning system is based on two sensors, a laser range finder and a camera equipped with a wide-angle fisheye lens. We can produce 3D coloured points or 3D textured triangulated models of the nearby environment of the vehicle. We explain our choice of the fisheye lens for its large aperture angle covering a large part of the world surrounding the car. An important part of the process is to calibrate the system: we need to get the rigid transformation between the two frames, and the fisheye projection model which is different from the usual "pin-hole" model. We present a new and faster way to determine the fisheye projection parameters. Once the system has been calibrated, the data acquisition and processing to create models are done "on-the-way". Results illustrating in city streets the possibility of the new scanning system are presented.


The Lower Paleozoic carbonates of Tarim Basin were marbleized locally due to the thermal effects of magma intrusions.Marmorization is typical on the Tangwangcheng outcrop section in Bachu county at the north-western margin of Tarim Basin and in cores from Well Zhong-16 in the Tazhong area.The characteristics of marmorization change regularly with the distance from carbonate rocks to intrusions.The degree of marmorization is high in the periphery of igneous intrusions with grains of marble being relatively coarse,but is progressively lowers and eventually disappears away from the intrusions.Grains of carbonate experienced marmorization show pseudo - hexagonal poikilitic structure with poorly developed secondary pores.Compared with the unaltered limestone,the marmorized carbonates have similar strontium isotope composition but slighter oxygen and carbon isotope compositions,indicating that the marmorization is a process dominated by thermal metamorphism. During this process,no extraneous fluids except for a small amount of formation water in the original carbonates are involved.The quality of marmorized reservoirs is basically similar with the unaltered limestone due to the absence of dissolution from extraneous fluids.


Aim: In order to determine the reliability of the ORIF of bicondylar fractures in elderly patients, we will present the results of the patients aged above 60 years in which ORIF with plates is a method of choice. Materials & Method: For the period 1996–2001 year, 20 patients with dislocated bicondylar fractures were operated with mean age Ð 70.7 (63.8). All of them were followed up Ð 14 women and 6 men. The AO types were: C1 Ð 7; C2 Ð 5; C3 Ð 8. Five patients were with þrst and second type open fractures.

Fifteen patients were operated immediately and the rest Ð between the 5th and the 10th day. The average operative time was 335 minutes. The patients were operated by the standard technique of AO. Osteotomy of the olecranon was used in all patients except for 3 patients. All the fractures were stabilised with 2 plates except for 2 patients (1 plate). The osteotomy was þxated with a tension wire and K-wires. Carefully assisted rehabilitation was started at average on the 9th day. Results: The patients were monitored for 13 to 56 months. None had serious infections. One case resulted in failure of þxation and nonunion. In order to assess the function of the elbow joint we used MorreyC 20,10 (±21,66); 97u(±37,83). Conclusions: We consider that the operative treatment with plates of the bicondylar fractures in the elderly can provide good clinical results in the hands of the experienced surgeon.


The incidence of children born with congenitally malformed hearts has changed little over the centuries. Our understanding of the lesions has improved subsequent to analysis in sequential fashion of the cardiac components. Ongoing differences in the approach to naming the lesions can now be resolved by careful application of the new evidence emerging from examination of the developing heart and by noting the lesions produced by genetic manipulation of mice.


The present invention relates to a navigation system, the present invention relates to a navigation system and the operation method of the vehicle by reflecting the shape of the complex intersections to the complex intersection entering display the progress of the vehicle with a rotation guide displayed on the entry path of the vehicle. The invention, and storing the map data and the map data storage unit that; An input unit for the user and including a route guide (route guide) module, and to perform one or more of the set of input and traveling route information, provide information on the route (route) pass through the road to enter from the intersection the vehicle is entering Wow; GPS receiver including a positioning module (Positioning Module) to estimate the position of the vehicle receives the position information provided from at least one GPS satellite and; The gyro sensor unit for sensing a rotation angle of the vehicle (Gyro Sensor) and; Entry with the shape of the intersection to enter by using the location information and the input information from the gyro sensor of the vehicle inputted from the map information, route information, and the GPS receiver received from the input unit input from the map data storage unit to generate a display that guides the route control to indicate the progress of the vehicle control unit and; Include; on the basis of the data output from the control section, the display driving unit to display the shape of the intersection and the route guidance process to perform a gradual progress of the graphic shown in the display unit. A navigation system, an arrow, a composite intersection, progress


Synopsis: This course provides an overview of the basic functions of personal computers and instructs students in how to use them. It is designed for persons who have little or no experience with computers. Its purpose is to make students comfortable with personal computers and to provide the basic knowledge and skills needed to perform the major computer functions without assistance. These skills will be applied to the basics of applications such as word processing, spreadsheets (tables of numbers), email and the internet. Members in this section may use Windows 8.1 or Windows 7.


Computer-aided diagnosis (CAD) systems have been developed to assist interpretation of increasing amount of medical image data including radiographs. The aim of this thesis is to outline an efficient method for the interpretation of chest radiographs and to present an intelligent CAD (ICAD) system for merging the radiological findings or the extracted features into a diagnosis in term of 'intelligence'.
We present several new initiatives in this thesis as follows: (1) texture analysis using quasi-Gabor filter, multi-scale classification scheme and score block operation; (2) detection and labeling of ribs and clavicles using hemi-elliptical cavity and 4-way with 10-neighbor connectivity; (3) detection and measurement of hilar region; (4) high-level symbolic processing using a fuzzy set; (5) computer generated diagnosis using multiple classification ripple down rules (MCRDR).
Our ICAD system has been able to extract the lung field, analyze the texture, extract ribs, clavicles and hilar regions, and produce a symbolic diagnosis. We have been able to extract ribs and clavicles in a very low contrast lung X-ray. The successful rate of labeling clavicles is 70%. Based on this, the conditional successful rate of labeling ribs is 85.7%. For two major abnormal textures in chest X-ray, namely grapes texture and dots texture, the detection rates of our system are 95% and 25%. The abnormal detection is based on the combination of the two. We have been able to achieve 90%. The experiment results have shown the effectiveness and usefulness of using computer aided diagnosis in this field. The research has also opened another direction of using texture analysis in radiograph diagnosis.


The Southern Giant Petrel (Macronectes giganteus (Gmelin, 1789); Aves, Procellariiformes), ranging from New Zealand to the Graham Peninsula and Patagonia and also from coastal Antarctica to Gough Island, displays significant geographic variation throughout its range. Six breeding provinces were identified, which show significant interpopulational variation. The formerly proposed subspecies Macronectes giganteus giganteus and Macronectes giganteus solanderi were confirmed. Macronectes giganteus solanderi has smaller homologuous parts than M. g. giganteus. Two of the provinces belong to the subspecies M. g. solanderi. Females are smaller and have shorter bills than males. In M. g. giganteus, outer appendages are longer in the sub-Antarctic than in the Antarctic, which is consistent with Allen's rule. Moreover, an east-to-west cline shows a gradual decrease in body size. Within M. g. solanderi, the Chubut River Estuary (Argentina) and the Falkland Islands form the southern province, and Gough Island the nort...


Electron-beam cathode luminescence spectroscopy is a remarkable method for probing nanophotonic modes with deep sub-diffraction limited resolution. However, its use has been limited to modes which radiate to the far-field where detection occurs. Here, we electrically excited non-bridging oxygen hole centers (NBOHCs) in a silica fiber and collected their fluorescence through the fiber modes [1]. This allows the probing of the mode local density of states, despite the fiber modes being non-radiative. We discuss extensions of the technique and future applications.


Project Goal The goal of this project is to show that it is possible to create a system that can effectively predict whether a student will get a problem right or wrong, given the performance of other students on a set of problems which contains the target problem and given the students performance on the same set of problems minus the target problem. The reason I would find such a system useful is that I plan on making a web site that generates dynamic problems sets for my senior project. The idea is that the web site would use students history on problems to create customized optimal sets of problems for learning a particular topic. Predicting the probability that a student gets a problem right is key to developing such a system. Data For this project the Grade 7 math problems from the California SAT9 exam were used as the problem set. The data is composed of over 400,000 students, each of whom have taken 80 problems. For the predictive system to be effective, it must accurately estimate the probability of a students success on a problem, as opposed to predicting a binary value for success or failure. This is because, it would be useful when creating dynamic problem sets, to be able to specify how challenging a problem set should. Thus rather than just calculating the average number of times a prediction is wrong, error should measure the standard deviation of the difference between the success and the predicted probability of success. A measure of average absolute value of differences promotes a binary prediction while using sum of squared errors promotes an accurate estimate of probability. The measure of error therefore will be: error = sqrt (∑i:m∑j:n (yHat ij – y ij))/(m*n)) where yHat is the predicted probability of getting target problem right, and y ij is success on the ith problem on the jth test (1 if correct, 0 if wrong). The error is summed over n, because each of the n problems is used as a target and over m for each of the m students in the sample. For frame of reference the error generated by simply guessing the mean success of the target problem over all students in the training set is shown in the table below: (Note: The fact that the generalized error was smaller for the smallest training sets is idiosyncratic to the …


Food intake and its control the mouth and the oesophagus the stomach liver and secretions of pancreas and duodenum the small intestine the large instestine.


SUMMARY Two connected outbreaks of gastroenteritis in separate hospitals associated with a small round structured virus morphologically indistinguishable from the Norwalk virus are described. The virus was most probably introduced on chicken sandwiches prepared by a member of the kitchen staff who was incubating the disease.


The use of augmented reality (AR) technology has been shown to be useful in several areas of human activity. In this sense, this study aims to understand whether these AR technologies can contribute to inform and educate children of the 2nd cycle of primary school about the outbreak by COVID-19. For this purpose, in addition to the systematic review of the literature of the last 5 years on AR, a case study was carried out with a group of experts who evaluated an AR application using Metaverse Studio. The study showed a very favorable response in relation to the use of these applications in the teaching-learning context, namely in basic education, confirming that it can improve the cognitive capacity of children, allowing them to retain knowledge and develop creative and autonomous learning after the experience of using this technology.


Cerebral vein thrombosis is an uncommon disorder in puerperium. Patient can present with various manifestations like headache, abnormal vision, or any of the symptoms of stroke such as weakness of the face and limbs on one side of the body, and seizures. We are presenting a case of primigravida with 37+2 Weeks Period of Gestation with Dichorionic Diamniotic twins with breech presentation. Post LSCS on Postoperative day 5. Patient presented with severe headache followed by seizure. MRI report came as transverse and sigmoid sinus thrombosis, managed successfully with heparin and mannitol. Patient was stable and was discharged on day 10 DOI: 10.29011/CRCAM -123/100023


Four different vegetation stand slopes in Jinyun Mountain in Chongqing city were studied.By contrasting the rainfall and the surface runoff in 2002,the results showed that,with the same precipitation,the amount of runoff in the mixed forest was the maximum(65.18 mm),the second was the Phyllostachys pubescens forest(64.72 mm),the third was the shrub forest(30.52 mm),the fourth was the broad-leaved forest(18.71 mm).The amount of runoff concent rated mainly from April to September.In this period the amount of runoff in the broad-leaved forest was the minimum in all the vegetation stand slope.The results showed that effects of the broad-leaved forest on the regulation of slopes runoff were the maximum.Between all the surface conditions and the amount of runoff grey relation of soil thickness was the maximum,the second was litter amount,the third was canopy closure extent,the fourth was slope.Effects of all the surface conditions on the amount of runoff were all great.Effects of soil thickness on the amount of runoff were the maximum,and effects of slope were the minimum.The correlativity between the amount of rainfall and the amount of runoff was remarkable,and soil thickness directly affected the amount of rainfall of initiative runoff.


Facing with new environment and challenge, this paper proposes to effectively carry out the work of ideology in tertiary schools by integrating multi-dimensions.


I describe a naïve-realist conception of perceptual knowledge, which faces a challenge from the idea that normal perceivers and brains-in-vats have equally justified perceptual beliefs. I defend the naïve-realist position from Nicholas Silins' recent version of this challenge. I argue that Silins' main objection fails, and that the naïve-realist understanding of perceptual knowledge can be reconciled with the idea that brains-in-vats have justified perceptual beliefs. Naive realists argue that our conscious experiences in cases of seeing involve relational links to items in the world. This view about the metaphysics of experience is naturally paired with the idea that perceptual knowledge rests on this sort of conscious relational link to a perceived object. But this idea about perceptual knowledge may be hard to reconcile with the familiar thought that brain-in-a-vat subjects and normal perceivers are equally justified in their perceptual beliefs. In a recent paper (2005), Nicholas Silins deploys the latter thought in perspicuous and extensive arguments against externalists about evidence. Although this line against externalism about evidence is fairly common, I believe that Silins has provided the most substantial elaboration of it. In this paper I reply to Silins' arguments from a naiverealist perspective.


Furusawa has given an integral representation for the degree 8 L-function of GSp(4) x GL(2) and has carried out the unramified calculation. The local p-adic zeta integrals were calculated in our earlier work under the assumption that the GSp(4) representation \pi is unramified and the GL(2) representation \tau has conductor p. In the present work we generalize to the case where the GL(2) representation has arbitrarily high conductor. The result is that the zeta integral represents the local Euler factor L(s,\pi \times \tau) in all cases. As a global application we obtain a special value result for a GSp(4) x GL(2) global L-function coming from classical holomorphic cusp forms with arbitrarily high level for the elliptic modular form.


Background: The 2012 Canadian Cardiovascular Society's (CCS) lipid guidelines recommend universal lipid testing of males aged ≥40 and females ≥50 every 3 to 5 years and selective testing in high-risk patients aged Methods: We conducted an analysis of lipid testing and results in 9.4 million primary prevention patients aged 20 to 105, as of January 2008, from Ontario, Canada in the Cardiovascular Health in Ambulatory Care Research Team (CANHEART) 'big data' cohort (www.canheart.ca) created through the linkage of multiple population-health databases. This cohort was followed for 5 years up to December 2012 to determine rates of lipid testing by sex and 10-year age bands. We also examined the frequency of elevated low-density lipoprotein (LDL) levels (>3.5 mmol/L or 135 mg/dL) in non-statin users and those without a history of hyperlipidemia. At LDLs above this level, consideration of statin therapy is recommended in those at intermediate cardiovascular risk in Canada. Results: Overall, 69.2% of males and 74.1% of females aged 20 to 105 with no past history of cardiovascular disease had lipid testing over the 5-year time period. Rates of testing were highest (>80%) amongst males and females 50 to 79 years, but only 75% of males aged 40 to 49 received testing (Figure). Approximately half of Canadians aged 3.5 mmol/L. The frequency of elevated LDL was greatest in males aged 40 to 49 and females aged 60 to 69, and was lowest in those aged 20 to 29 and aged 80 and over. Conclusions: High rates of lipid testing in Canadians aged 50 to 79 are in concordance with Canadian lipid guidelines. The optimal lipid testing strategy in younger adults and the very elderly remains to be determined.


ABSTRAK Sutopo, Edi. 2014. Improving Listening Comprehension Skill through Formal and Content Schemata Activation Strategy at Universitas Islam Balitar –UNISBA - BLITAR. Thesis. Graduate Program in English Language Teaching, State University of Malang. Advisors: (I) Fachrurrazy, M.A., Ph. D (II) Dr. Enny Irawati, M.Pd Keywords: Listening comprehension, formal and content schemat activation strategy This study discusses the strategy to improve listening comprehension skill of the fourth semester students of English study program at Universitas Islam Balitar. Preliminary study conducted showed that students have difficulty in comprehending an aural text. It was caused by some factors, for example, poor vocabulary mastery, unfamiliar with English new words and problem with pronunciation. Additionally, the score in the preliminary study test showed that 15 out of 25 students did not pass the passing grade score, 61. This study describes how formal and content schemata activation strategy can improve listening comprehension skill. The study was classroom action research in which the researcher and his observer worked together to conduct this study. This research was conducted in one cycle which covered 4 meetings using the following procedure: planning, implementing, observing, and reflecting. The cycle consisted of four meetings. The data of the research were collected through the following instruments – observation checklist, field note, and questionnaire. The subjects of this research were 25 fourth semester students of the English Study program. There were two criteria of success: (1) at least 85 % of the students got equal or more than 61or got C, (2) there is 15 points improvement of the grade point average from the preliminary study. The finding of the research revealed that Formal and content schemata activation strategy successfully improved the listening comprehension skill. The researcher found that all students (100 %) scored equal or more than minimal standard score or passing grade determined by the University. The average score was 81.6, it improved more than 15 points from 63.4, It means that the two criteria of success determined have been achieved. So the researcher does not need to continue to go to cycle 2, besides, most of students actively participated in joining classroom activities. The data obtained from the result of observation. The implementation of the strategy to teach listening comprehension followed these procedures: (1) brain storming vocabulary (2) pronunciation practices (3) Reviewing area of grammar (4) discussing the topic. Those four activities are done in pre-listening stage. The activities which were done at whilst- listening stage are (1) note taking, (2) pair discussion, (3) class discussion, and (4) quizzes. The post- listening activities covered (1) reflection and (2) giving further assignment. Based on the findings, it can be concluded that formal and content schemata activation strategy can improve the students' listening skill and improve students' involvement in the teaching and learning process. Finally, the strategy can become an alternative strategy to other lecturers to teach listening comprehension because it has been proved that it can increase the students' listening comprehension skill and it can make the teaching of listening more interesting and enjoyable for students. For other researchers doing similar research, it is suggested that the findings of this study be a reference for their research. Normal 0 false false false EN-US X-NONE X-NONE /* Style Definitions */
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This paper aims, from the perspective of an archaeogenealogy, discuss possible relationships between the discourse of Madonna and the concept of parresia. It is based initially on appointments of Michel Foucault on the modalities of subjectivity by truth emerged and developed along the issues of self-care and parresia. Below, lists characteristics of the call cynical parresia and draws parallels between this and three statements of Madonna, the book Sex and two contemporary interviews this. Finally, it discusses the same approach according to the differentiation made by Jean Baudrillard between seduction and pleasure, concluding in the Madonna's speech Madonna not parresia but the simulacrum of the entertainment industry.


Temporal light modulation methods which are of great practical importance in optical technology, are emulated with matter waves. This includes generation and tailoring of matter-wave sidebands, using amplitude and phase modulation of an atomic beam. In the experiments atoms are Bragg diffracted at standing light fields, which are periodically modulated in intensity or frequency. This gives rise to a generalized Bragg situation under which the atomic matter waves are both diffracted and coherently shifted in their de Broglie frequency. In particular, we demonstrate creation of complex and non-Hermitian matter-wave modulations. One interesting case is a potential with a time-dependent complex helicity $[V\ensuremath{\propto}\mathrm{exp}(i\ensuremath{\omega}t)],$ which produces a purely lopsided energy transfer between the atoms and the photons, and thus violates the usual symmetry between absorption and stimulated emission of energy quanta. Possible applications range from atom cooling over advanced atomic interferometers to a new type of mass spectrometer.


With the growing complexity and scale of data sets in computational biology and chemoin- formatics, there is a need for novel knowledge processing tools and platforms. This thesis describes a newly developed knowledge processing platform that is different in its emphasis on architecture, flexibility, builtin facilities for datamining and easy cross platform usage.
There exist thousands of bioinformatics and chemoinformatics databases, that are stored in many different forms with different access methods, this is a reflection of the range of data structures that make up complex biological and chemical data. Starting from a theoretical ba- sis, FCA (Formal Concept Analysis) an applied branch of lattice theory, is used in this thesis to develop a file system that automatically structures itself by it's contents. The procedure of extracting concepts from data sets is examined. The system also finds appropriate labels for the discovered concepts by extracting data from ontological databases. A novel method for scaling non-binary data for use with the system is developed.
Finally the future of integrative systems biology is discussed in the context of efficiently closed causal systems.


Large-scale deployment of plug-in electric vehicles (PEVs) will have a significant impact on the power grid due to the increase in electricity consumption. In this paper, daily driving pattern models are provided and the profile of minimum-cost-least-fluctuation (MCLF) charging load is achieved to evaluate the impact of PEVs on the regional distribution grid. In the daily driving pattern models, four major elements including departure time, arrival time, number of daily trips and trip distance, which have a great influence on charging behavior, are considered. Driving distance of each trip is well approximated by a truncated power-law. Based on these daily driving pattern models, an optimal aggregated charging strategy, which ensures the least fluctuation of charging load at the lowest cost under TOU price, can be established through a two-level optimization model. The two major factors which affect the lower bound of maximum charging load are analyzed. The results show that 7 hours may be a reasonable length of off-peak time to limit the impact of PEV charging.