Walter J. Sanders has taught high school in the state of b Washington and has been a faculty member at Chico State * t t College, Western Washington State College and the University of Illinois. He is currently Associate Professor of Elementary Education and Director of the Mathematics Curriculum Laboratory at Indiana State University. His interests are in curricular development and teacher preparation.


The invention discloses an optical adhesive layer with a multilayer structure, which comprises a double-faced pressure-sensitive adhesive layer having a first surface and a second surface as well as a double-faced heat-flow pressure-sensitive adhesive layer having a first surface and a second surface. The first surface of the double-faced heat-flow pressure-sensitive adhesive layer is bonded to the first surface of the double-faced pressure-sensitive adhesive layer so as to form a double-layer structure of a monomer. Meanwhile, the second surface of the double-faced heat-flow pressure-sensitive adhesive layer is attached to an uneven surface of a target object, so that the mura phenomenon of the target object can be improved.


Business Intelligence (BI) is an approach to optimize business decisions by utilizing existing information. BI has been supporting the organization to form effective strategic and tactical business strategies. For the past 2 decades, BI hasn't only had a great impact on large enterprises, but also it has aided in forming strong core strategies of small to mid-sized enterprises. This paper details the full BI solution's cycle; planning, design, and development with a focus on small enterprises. Fig. 1 ("System Development Cycle") summarizes the process followed to develop a BI solution in this paper. The study involves a case study of a fictitious company, created for the sole purpose of applying the suggested BI solution. This case study elaborates on all the phases required to develop a BI solution for each phase. The challenges and benefits of the BI solution are thoroughly considered in this study. To evaluate the functionality of the proposed BI solution, several testing iterations were performed and the results of these iterations are presented at the end of this case study. The paper concludes by highlighting the areas for future research in BI.


Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to examine the relationship between social and gender inequalities and how they have been studied over the last 30 years. What have we learned, as academic sociologists in higher education, about how the socio‐cultural context, policies and global social transformations in the UK, and North America influence social stratification? The key focus is on how gender differences influence forms of social stratification through complex relations between "work", family and education.Design/methodology/approach – The paper reflects on changing research methodologies from their origins in sociology and second wave feminism by addressing three international studies about the troubled question of mothers' work. All three studies reflexively address the question of changing knowledge and methodologies about social inequality or stratification.Findings – The paper finds that while all three studies are from a feminist perspective and consider methodologies in the light of the so‐c...


Objective
To observe the stability of human spermatozoa excess residual cytoplasm (ERC) in vitro and to explore the suitable detection method of ERC and its clinical significance.

Methods
The relationship between sperm ERC rate and time in vitro of semen, sperm motility, reactive oxygen species (ROS) and sperm maturation index levels were measured by dry and wet smear detection.

Results
1) The ERC rate significantly decreased with the prolongation of spermatozoa in vitro for 0-120 min (P 0.05). However, underwent dry sperm, there were significant correlations between the ERC rate and ROS (r= 0.784, P<0.001), DNA fragment (dry staining) (r=0.574, P=0.001), HBA (r=-0.336, P=0.036), except for immature sperm nucleoprotein (dry staining). The immature sperm nucleoprotein rate of ERC spermatozoa was higher than that of non-ERC spermatozoa after drying process (P<0.001).

Conclusion
The ERC of spermatozoa has a tendency of progressive disintegration with the prolongation of semen in vitro. And compared with wet-smear method, the ERC retention rate of spermatozoa after natural drying (dry-smear method) has more clinical significance. The ERC level by dry-smear detection was significantly correlated with sperm motility, ROS levels and maturation. Moreover, the ERC might be a marker of poor sperm quality.

Key words:
Sperm; Excess residual cytoplasm (ERC); Stability; Maturation; Reactive oxygen species (ROS)


Objective To investigate the application of abdominal drainage after liver resection.Methods From Jan 2008 to June 2009,210 consecutively admitted patients undergoing liver resection by the same surgical team were chronologically allocated into drainage group(120)and non-drainage group (90).Patient's preoperative characteristics,operation-related factors,postoperative complications and hospital stay were compared between the two groups.Results Postoperative complications were comparable between the two groups,which was not significantly different among preoperative characteristics and operation-related factors(P>0.05).Mortality was 0.8% in drainage group and 1.1% in non-drainage group,again,the difference was not significant(X~2=0.042,P>0.05).Snrgical complications were significantly higher in drainage group than in non-drainage group,especially for abdominal infection and ascites occurrence(P<0.05).The hospital stay was significantly longer in the drainage group(13.1 ±5.2)days than the non-drainage group(11.4±5.6)days.Conclusions Postoperative abdominal drainage is not necessary for patients undergoing liver resection,furthermore,abdominal drainage increases postoperative complications.

Key words:
Abdominal drainage; Hepatectomy; Postoperative complications


Introduction A remaining challenging area in the field of software management is the release decision, deciding whether or not a software product can be transferred from its development phase to operational use. Many software manufacturers have difficulty in determining the 'right' moment to release their software products. It is a trade-off between an early release, to capture the benefits of an earlier market introduction, and the deferral of product release, to enhance functionality, or improve quality. Execution testing is currently the most common way of verifying whether a software system is sufficiently defect-free or not. With this approach, testing resources are absorbed not just in testing, but in identifying the causes of defects and aiding re-work of the software. The extent to which rectified software needs to be re-tested is not always known. The stop criterion used is either available testing time or a sufficiently stable product. Whatever criterion is taken, the test process should be as efficient as possible to remove as many defects as possible. In this paper, we describe a method called "Agile Test Case Prioritization" for optimizing testing efficiency.


Through a great deal of calculations,the relationship between defect degree and ratio of amplitude was studied,in which the influence of the characteristics of the soil around piles is considered.By means of theoretical analysis,the influence coefficients of a reduced neck defect or a neck-expanded defect to the next one are derived under the condition that the pile has more defects.The theory and method for determining the defect degree of the pile foundation with more defects are discussed,in which the method of regaining the energy of elastic wave and recurrence formulae are developed.In the time domain,the quantitative analysis of pile with more defects is realized with low-strain dynamic test.Finally,model pile test was performed to prove the accuracy of quantitative analysis theory.


The solution of initial-boundary value problems involving finite elastoplastic deformations is discussed. The formulation considered differs from conventional formulations in that the evolution law is expressed in terms of the dissipation function. A generalized midpoint rule is used to obtain an incremental problem, a variational form of which is derived. The finite element method is used for spatial discretization, and an algorithm to solve the resulting discrete problem is developed. This algorithm has the predictor–corrector structure common to most solution procedures for problems in plasticity. Methods for imposing the plastic incompressibility constraint are investigated. Solutions to two axisymmetric examples obtained using the proposed algorithm are presented and compared with those obtained by other authors.


This paper presents the first continental‐scale study of the crust and upper mantle shear velocity (Vs) structure of Canada and adjacent regions using ambient noise tomography. Continuous waveform data recorded between 2003 and 2009 with 788 broadband seismograph stations in Canada and adjacent regions were used in the analysis. The higher primary frequency band of the ambient noise provides better resolution of crustal structures than previous tomographic models based on earthquake waveforms. Prominent low velocity anomalies are observed at shallow depths (<20 km) beneath the Gulf of St. Lawrence in east Canada, the sedimentary basins of west Canada, and the Cordillera. In contrast, the Canadian Shield exhibits high crustal velocities. We characterize the crust‐mantle transition in terms of not only its depth and velocity but also its sharpness, defined by its thickness and the amount of velocity increase. Considerable variations in the physical properties of the crust‐mantle transition are observed across Canada. Positive correlations between the crustal thickness, Moho velocity, and the thickness of the transition are evident throughout most of the craton except near Hudson Bay where the uppermost mantle Vs is relatively low. Prominent vertical Vs gradients are observed in the midcrust beneath the Cordillera and beneath most of the Canadian Shield. The midcrust velocity contrast beneath the Cordillera may correspond to a detachment zone associated with high temperatures immediately beneath, whereas the large midcrust velocity gradient beneath the Canadian Shield probably represents an ancient rheological boundary between the upper and lower crust.


With the participation of 190 people, including ranchers from the different municipalities of Tolima, representatives of public and private institutions, such as SENA, CORPOICA, CORTOLIMA, FEDEGAN, Universidad del Tolima, Empresa Agricola El Chaco and the Committees of Cattlemen of Tolima and of Ibague, in addition to NGOs and commercial companies. The meeting developed an agenda that included a dialogue of knowledge about silvopastoral systems, a conference on the same topic and the official presentation of the Association of Producers with Silvopastoral Systems (ASOPASTORIL). It should be noted that this meeting is the result of the work of different institutions that join efforts for a conversion of conventional livestock towards a more environmentally friendly model, such as the design and management of livestock systems with trees.Keywords: ranchers; trees; rural development, association


In decision making process on infrastructure planning and regional planning, conflict can arise when some stakeholders representing interests of part of citizens ask for the change of plans. In this paper, the survey on people's recognition about the structure of a hypothetical conflict was carried out, and consistency between recognized structure of a conflict and non-cooperative game model was investigated using statistical test. The result showed that the strategic interaction, the basic components of non-cooperative game model, was imperfectly recognized.


Nature dictates many of the production and supply patterns in the livestock industry. For example, a majority of the annual calf, lamb and kid crops are born in late winter and spring. By the time animals are weaned vegetation and forages are readily available. This also is the time when the animals' nutritional requirements are at a peak. Nature has a method of keeping this pattern fairly consistent unless interrupted intentionally by man. During the hot summer months, the fertility rates of both females and males decline as flesh condition declines with decreasing forage. For these reasons, supplies of feeder animals are usually largest during the fall and lowest during the spring. This production and supply pattern usually causes spring livestock prices to be higher than fall livestock prices.


Article history Abstract Submission : 2021-02-27 Revised : 2021-03-29 Accepted : 2021-04-18 Students' understanding of concepts is an essential factor in the success of learning. However, in reality, Indonesian students' conceptual understanding is still low. The common understanding of students' concepts is because students are not actively involved in problem-solving activities. Student involvement can be trained by using one of the communication tools in the form of exciting learning videos to get students' attention in learning activities. This research is survey research as a first step in developing problem-solving learning videos. The benefit of this research is to find out what students currently need in science learning and how much students need to develop problem-solving-based learning videos. The subjects used in this study were junior high school students with a total sample of 48 students and ten science subject teachers selected based on an area. This needs analysis includes four indicators, namely a) analysis of learning problems; b) analysis of learners; c) analysis of objectives; d) analysis of settings. Based on the results of this study, information was obtained that the development of problem-solving-based learning videos needed to be developed as a science learning media to train students' conceptual understanding in the city of Pekanbaru.


The effforts to facilitate community's participation and encourage their contributions to the decision making process has led to increased development initiatives. Among community development initiatives, the program of Group-Based Microcredit Program (KMBK) has been recognized by development stakeholders as a development approach that offers poor people access to financial services (financial intermediation). In addition, social intermediation in the form of training programs (capacity building) is the key success in eradicating poverty in sustainable development. This study aims to compare the institutional logic of various development actors in the KMBK program in Sukorame Village, Binangun District, Blitar Regency, East Java, Indonesia. This study found that there are differences in institutional logic between development actors in the microcredit program to support sustainable development, namely 'economic logic' and 'development logic'.


The bias error in the coherence function is found to arise from the calculation of the square magnitude of the cross-power spectral density when the real and imaginary components are not converged. Therefore, the bias error of the coherence function can be decreased significantly without averaging more data blocks if the variance of the real and imaginary components are reduced by fitting the spectra of these separate components to an appropriate model.


Jess Clifton from LEGO Education discusses the benefits of creative and playful learning in early development, and practical classroom ideas to get children thinking about the world around them.


Evaluation has emerged as a major social force. Of course, there has always been some evaluation in every field of endeavor. Otherwise, one could not tell good enterprises from bad. Progress becomes impossible without such value judgments. But in the latter half of the twentieth century, from about 1965 on, evaluation became a specialized profession with its own organizations, journals, and studies conducted by those who called themselves evaluators. In other words, dispersed activities became a professional practice. I see this professional movement as being fueled by the decreasing legitimacy of governments. As advanced capitalism breaks down the traditional social structures of society-the church, family, and community-it becomes more difficult to justify and to legitimate government actions (House, 1993). For example, only 20 percent of Americans trust the federal government to do the right thing most of the time, down from 76 percent only 30 years ago (Gore, 1993). And this lessening of legitimacy extends to other social institutions as well. Evaluation developed first and most extensively in the US because these trends have advanced further here than elsewhere.


The 'comet' assay appears to be a promising tool for estimating DNA damage at the single cell level. We used this test to evaluate the effect of organotin compounds on sea bream nucleated erythrocytes. The tributyltin chloride (TBTC), dibutyltin chloride (DBTC) and monobutyltin chloride (MBTC) employed in this study show different genotoxicities. TBTC and DBTC have pronounced effects on tail length, tail intensity and tail moment, though TBTC is more efficient in producing DNA damage. MBTC leads to a fast genotoxic effect that does not change with the incubation time. The data obtained are important for the analysis of the environmental risks produced by organotin compounds used as antifouling agents in marine paints and as biocides in agriculture.


Transcription ofaDrosophila Ulsmall nuclear RNAgenewasfunctionally analyzed incell extracts derived from0-to12-hembryos. Twopromoter elements essential forefficient initiation oftranscription invitro by RNApolymerase IIwereidentified. Thefirst, termed PSEA,islocated between positions -41and-61relative tothetranscription start site, iscrucial forpromoter activity, andisthedominant element forspecifying the transcription initiation site. PSEAthusappears tobefunctionally homologous totheproximal sequence element ofvertebrate small nuclear RNAgenes. Thesecond element, termed PSEB,islocated atpositions -25 to-32andisrequired foranefficient level oftranscription initiation because mutation ofPSEB,oralteration ofthespacing between PSEAandPSEB,severely reduced transcriptional activity relative tothatofthe wild-type promoter. Although thePSEBsequence doesnothaveanyobvious sequence similarity toaTATA box,conversion ofPSEBtothecanonical TATA sequence dramatically increased theefficiency oftheUt promoter andsimultaneously relieved therequirement fortheupstream PSEA.Despite theseeffects,


The exciton properties of Si/Si1–xGex strained quantum wells (QW's) are calculated taking into account interface and strain effects. Our numerical results allow us to conclude that interface fluctuations of only 10 A in a type-I (type-II) strained Si/Si0.8Ge0.2(Si/Si0.7Ge0.3) 50 A QW leads to a 25 meV (10 meV) blueshift of the exciton energy. (© 2005 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)


The counter is comprised successively of thunder and lightening sensor, shaper, silicon bridge converter, delay controller, secondary rectification amplifier and counting display. The thunder and lightening sensor insulatedly around the lightening rod samples the large-current pulse signal of thunder and lightening, which is then shaped, amplified and converted into low-voltage small-current signal to drive counting display to record the times the lightening arrester is struck by lightening. The said counter needs no additional power supply.


In this paper, a Bohl-Perron type theorem for random dynamical
systems is proved which characterizes uniform exponential stability by means
of admissibility. As an application, we obtain a lower bound on the stability
radius of random dynamical systems based on the norm of the input-output
operator.


Abstract:Compared with the first North Korean nuclear crisis in the mid-1990s, the second North Korean nuclear crisis of the early 2000s reveals very different features. The second crisis led to dialogues on how to manage a regional security issue. Moreover, the crisis underwent three diverse phases that can be used to test the assumptions behind three models of security studies: hegemony, concert of powers, and collective security. This analysis of the North Korean case demonstrates ways of organizing regional security in Northeast Asia in the post-Cold War era and thus examines whether certain historical phases of the second North Korean nuclear crisis can be categorized into and explained by these different security models.


The Community Living Assistance Services and Supports (CLASS) Act was a voluntary public insurance strategy intended to help people pay for long-term care. CLASS was passed as part of health reform to overcome aspects of private long-term care insurance market failure but came under close scrutiny from both its supporters and its detractors. Experience with the long-term care insurance market and State Partnership Programs provide insights about how to make CLASS fiscally viable. A CLASS program that offered one set of options to cover front-end risk (e.g., 1 to 3 years) and another set to cover catastrophic risk (after a high deductible) could have been offered as an alternative to the basic CLASS "long and lean" benefit model with all enrollees joined into a single risk pool. This would have broadened the risk pool and lowered premium costs under the program.


This paper is about the student part of REXUS II. Students at the Department of Space Science were invited to join a EUROLAUNCH rocket campaign. This was done with a short time of notice but we acc ...


A relationship between internal friction(IF)and microstructures of high silicon martensitic hot working die steel(SDH3 steel)which contains 1.5% silicon was researched.The experimental steel was annealed at 1060℃ for 30min,quenched into oil and tempered at different temperatures.The temperature dependence of internal friction(TDIF)was measured with a vibrating-reed apparatus by free decay method within the temperature range from room temperature to 750℃.It is shown that two types of relaxation IF peaks,Snoek peak and SKK peak,have been observed at TDIF curves of the steel.The height of IF peaks drops and the peak position shifts as the tempering temperature rises.When the tempering temperature is above 650℃,the IF peaks disappear completely and only background IF can be observed.As the tempering time is prolonged,both the peak height and peak position change,and then these changes have been discussed on the basis of diffusion-controlled redistribution.


Emerging in China in the mid and late 1920s,"revolutionary literature" was fully affirmed and extremely publicized for its strong political ulititarianism and its literary publicity and instigation while its artistic aesthetics was collectively neglected to an unprecedented extent.As such,great majority of "revolutionary literature" have degenerated into coarse and crude slogans due to their casual diagrammatic illustration of political notions,whereas its absence of artistry has virtually turned literature upside down.


This present study is a note added to what has already become an extensive bibliography concerning Origen's doctrinal relation to Judaism in general, and the extent and significance of his awareness of Jewish exegetical procedures in particular. Among that list of previous studies on the theme, special reference ought to be made to the seminal work Origen and the Jews, by Professor Nicholas de Lange, which demonstrated Origen's knowledge of rabbinic traditions in his exegeses. This present study will offer, firstly, a general contextual discussion of the question of Origen's dependence on Jewish tradition, and, secondly, a small test-case analysis of his attitude to the Jewish question from observing his New Testament exegesis of those passages directly concerning the issue. From the latter some interesting biases will emerge that throw some light on his personal attitudes.


Rationale: Garcin syndrome is characterized by the gradual involvement, and ultimately, unilateral paralysis of at least 7 and sometimes all cranial nerves, without intracranial hypertension or any long tract signs. Patient concerns: We report the case of a 59-year-old woman who presented with Garcin syndrome, which gradually progressed over a period of 2 years. Diagnosis: A left parotid gland biopsy revealed parotid gland adenoid cystic carcinoma (PGACC) with perineural invasion of a peripheral nerve bundle and lymph node metastasis. Interventions: The patient was treated 3 times with local-field palliative radiotherapy. Outcomes: She died after several months. Lessons: To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of PGACC presenting as Garcin syndrome. PGACC is a rare tumor with a high propensity for perineural spread, and it should be considered as a possible cause of Garcin syndrome.


The aerosol radiance of near-infrared band of MODIS was calculated by using both the MODIS 1B data with a spatial resolution of 500 m and the products relevant to the MODIS data, based on which the aerosol radiances of all bands of the Beijing-1 micro-satellite multi-spectral image were extrapolated in order to realize the atmospheric correction of the image. By using this method, good results have been obtained. It has been indicated that this method has overcome the defects that the traditional atmospheric correction must depend on the in-situ measurement of atmospheric parameters and also can expand the application of non-water-color sensors to the monitoring of water bodies.


Recent years have seen an increase in the amount of research activity devoted to teaching in physical education. The result of these efforts has been a substantial growth in the body of knowledge regarding movement pedagogy. Most of these undertakings have been completed with the natural science mode of inquiry as the research model. Thus, the natural science research paradigm has emerged as the dominant mode of inquiry and analysis for research on teaching in physical education. In spite of the major contributions made in the engagement of the natural science model, the subscription to a dominant mode of inquiry holds serious consequences in the development of any body of knowledge. The underlying assumptions of a paradigm pose limits to the knowledge to which one has access. Therefore, this paper offers an analysis of the assumptions embedded in the operationalization of the natural science research paradigm in order to illuminate their limitations for research on teaching in physical education. The ass...


Dynamic channel allocation can reduce the probability of blocking in cellular telephone networks. However, more is needed to achieve optimal performance. The author aims at estimating the minimal blocking probability for some simple cellular networks. Some dynamic channel allocation strategies are analyzed, the optimal performance (obtained by dynamic allocation and flow control) of some very simple networks is computed, and simple bounds on optimal performance are presented. These results lead to a better understanding of cellular networks and can be used to evaluate new control algorithms. >


We report the validation of a versatile reversed‐phase gradient HPLC method allowing simultaneous detection of retinoic acid (RA) isomers (13‐cis, 9‐cis, all‐trans‐RA), retinol, retinyl esters (retinyl palmitate (RP), stearate and acetate as internal standard), tocopherols (T) (α,γ,δ) and selected carotenoids (lutein, lycopene, β‐carotene) in Hartley guinea pig (GP) tissues, using a diode array detector. Under the tested conditions, the method yielded low intra‐ and inter‐assay variability, with good recovery and sufficient sensitivity. Limits of detection, tested linear range and coefficient of correlation (ng injected; μg/mL; r2‐values, respectively) were: 13‐cis RA (0.451; 0.023–22.562; 0.9981), 9‐cis RA (0.5044; 0.022–21.617; 0.9974), all‐trans‐RA (0.4930; 0.018–17.609; 0.9964), retinol (0.8615; 1.436–14.359; 0.9916), RP (0.3587; 0.028–28.181; 0.9981), α–T (6.6214; 0.368–367‐857; 0.9996), γ–T (5.9224; 0.279–279.669; 0.9982), δ–T (4.2148;), lutein (0.1159; 0.009–9.273; 0.9711), lycopene (0.6975; 0.074–7.363; 0.9992), and β‐carotene (1.1847; 0.01–10.202; 0.9758). This method was used to quantify the cited analytes in several GP tissues. It should be noted that lutein, a dietary component, was detected in GP lung. The significance of the presence of lutein in lung remains to be elucidated. (Supported by US Army Grant W81XWH‐06‐2‐0044).


This study aims to analyze the GDP per capita of Indonesia in an effort to avoid middle income trap. Middle income trap is the state of a middle-income country that is unable to move to raise its per capita income into high income. Indonesia's per capita growth in PDB per capita has fluktuatif and economic instability is likely to lead to a middle income trap in Indonesia. By analyzing the external debt factor of horror, foreign direct investment, net export, government expenditure and money supply to GDP per capita in Indonesia are expected to be able to prevent Indonesia from middle income trap. The type of data used in this study is secondary data in time series from 1990-2016. Data obtained from the website of the World Bank, Centralbereu of Statistics Indonesian and Bank Indonesia. Analyzer used is multiple regression analysis with Partial Adjustment Model (PAM) method.
 The results of this study indicate that Indonesia has not been include in the middle income trap and is still in the stage of low middle income. The analysis shows that foreign direct investment and net export variables have significant influence to GDP per capita. Whilevariable external debt, government expenditure and money supply have no significant effect to GDP per capita.


Background and aims: Stroke is a debilitating chronic illness in which patients' education and rehabilitation play major role in managing stroke patients in community. UKMStrokIT is a newly developed web-based educational intervention aiming to improve stroke knowledge, functional improvement and quality of life among stroke patients. Materials and methods: A pilot randomized controlled trial involving a total of 30 patients were recruited from Primer Clinic and Physiotherapy Unit of Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre (UKMMC). Face and content validation were conducted among experts and carer, with verbal response given to researchers. Patients were randomized to either control or intervention group using single blinded randomization technique with computer-generated random number. The control group received pamphlets and intervention group received three sets of videos. Pre and post assessments were done using Modified Barthel Index (MBI) questionnaire, Quality of Life Questionnaire and 25-item stroke knowledge questionnaire. Open-ended questions were included to assess participants' experiences using UKMStrokIT. Analyses were done using descriptive analysis and paired t-test. Intention-to-treat analysis approach was used. Results: A total of 113 stroke patients were approached with 30 patients remained after exclusion criteria. For both MBI and QOL score, the degree of improvement was not statistically significant for video and control group. However, our results showed that there was a statistically significant improvement among video group (p= 0.015) as compared to control group (p=0.592) for stroke knowledge score. Conclusion: Video-based intervention seems to provide better understanding among stroke patient in the community compared to pamphlets. QOL and stroke knowledge showed improvement in both groups after getting some form of stroke knowledge, however it was more apparent in those received video-based intervention. *Correspondence to: Prof Dr Noor Azah Aziz, Department of Family Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, Malaysia, Tel: 60193209306; E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com


The electron cyclotron current drive (ECCD) is studied in Heliotron J and LHD plasmas using GNET code in order to study the ECCD physics in helical configurations. The magnetic configuration dependence of ECCD is investigated in the Heliotron J plasma. It is found that the current direction is reversed in high bumpiness configuration compared with the other configurations. The ECCD in LHD is also investigated by changing electron cyclotron heating points fixing the configuration. It is found that the direction of the current reverses when we change the heating point from the ripple top to the ripple bottom.


Since 1990s franchise has become an advanced way of management. It deelops so rapidly that it has gained fairly good economic and social benefits. But, as a whole, there exist many problems to be solved urgently. It has not met the requirements of our economic development and the needs of our people's consumption. Therefore, we must strickly follow its inherent law and draw on successful franchise experience and combine our actual situation in this field in order to well develop franchise in China.


Background: COVID-19 has proven to be more difficult to manage for many reasons including its high infectivity rate. One of the potential ways to limit its spread is by limiting free travel across borders, including via air travel. The objective of this systematic review is to identify, critically-appraise and summarize evidence on border closures and travel restrictions. Methods: This review is based on the Cochrane review: "International travel-related control measures to contain the COVID-19 pandemic" and followed the same methodology. In brief, we searched for clinical and modelling studies in general health and COVID-19-specific bibliographic databases. The primary outcome categories were (i) cases avoided, (ii) cases detected, and (iii) a shift in epidemic development. Secondary outcomes were other infectious disease transmission outcomes, healthcare utilisation, resource requirements and adverse effects if identified in studies assessing at least one primary outcome. Results: We included 55, mostly modelling, studies that met our inclusion criteria. Fourteen new studies were identified in the updated search, as well as updated companions (e.g., peer-reviewed publications that were previously only available as pre-prints). Most studies were of moderate to high quality. The added studies did not change the main conclusions of the Cochrane review nor the quality of the evidence (very low to low certainty). However, it did add to the evidence base for most outcomes. Conclusions: Weak evidence supports the use of border closures to limit the spread of COVID-19 from region to regions via air travel. Real-world studies are required to support these conclusions.


There are several problems faced by 14 deaf students as the subject of this research. They get diffiulties in understanding long sentences, connotative meaning, and they lack on vocabulary. Their inability in hearing makes them rely on their vision to gather information. Considering the reason of their difficulties, visual and attractive learning media are needed for deaf students. Group guidance on simulation game technique is a counseling guidance service that directs students to reflect daily activities in the form of games using physical media such as blue cards, OK cards and chance cards. In the group guidance of the simulation game technique, students learn to understand new vocabulary of the role played and can acquire vocabulary. The more vocabulary mastered will support students' ability to have receptive communication. To prove the hypothesis that the group guidance of simulation game technique influences the improvement of receptive communication of deaf students in SLB.B Wiyata Dharma 1, the Mann Whitney U Test analysis is used. Based on Mann-Whitney U-test Asymp Sig was obtained (2-tailed) 0.013 with an error level of 0.05 then 0.013 <0.05 means that Ho is rejected and Ha is accepted. It implies that the group guidance of the simulation game technique has an impact on increasing the receptive ability of deaf students. Therefore, group guidance on simulation game techniques can be used as an alternative learning media to improve receptive communication for deaf students.


The work of the early pioneers which led to the evolution of the current helicopter configurations is briefly reviewed. The major mechanical elements of the helicopter are then identified: the engine, transmission and blades analogous to the engine, transmission and wheels of a road vehicle. The paper then briefly reviews the design problems and the state of the art in helicopter engines, gearboxes, rotor blades and hubs, rotor controls and the important resonant and unstable conditions of the total system which must be avoided. Methods for ground testing the elements of the dynamic system are then presented. The paper concludes with a brief account of health and usage monitoring which will play an increasingly important part in improving reliability and reducing operating cost.


Important interference problems will be able to be encountered especially close areas to the hospitals where wireless implantable medical systems' communication traffic occurs heavily in near future. It is possible that these interferences could cause wireless implant devices to malfunction and harmful effects on patients. In this study, it is proposed to determine threshold distance in order to get less interference for wireless implantable medical systems under shadow fading conditions where MICS band and MetAids band users coexist intensely simultaneously. In this method, threshold power according to the \cite{FCC} is pulled down by adding extra distance margin in order to minimize the interference effects to the MICS systems using confidence interval calculations. Because received signal strength just below the monitoring threshold power according to the \cite{FCC} brings about much more interferences for the MICS systems even if listen-before-talk technique is applied.


Present study has assessed the farm household condition in two climatically vulnerable districts of Odisha. Balasore and Khurda districts are vulnerable to cyclone & flood and drought & heat-wave, respectively. Farm families of Khurda district have a better socio-personal and socio-economic profile as compared to Balasore district; however, farmers of Balasore district are having better exposure to cosmopolite information sources than Khurda district thus carry better knowledge level on climate change. The lives of inhabitants are most at risk from cyclone and flood than from drought and heat wave. Poor are the worst affected. Not only they are worst hit, but also their capacity to recover from a disaster is relatively low. Any extreme situation traps the poor in a situation to sell off productive assets that become difficult to retrieve and thereby reinforcing the poverty almost permanently.


Recently, the deep neural network has achieved great performance in many areas. During analysis, all learned features are used at once, some of which could bring negative affect to specific classes. Recently, cognitive studies show that a human visual cognition process is hierarchical and dynamic, i.e., when meeting different targets, human brain intends to pay attention to different parts. Therefore, in this paper, we introduce this kind of mechanism into deep belief network (DBN) and propose a new general-to-specialized algorithm. Firstly, hierarchical knowledge networks are constructed based on the original learned DBN through pruning and retraining. Because these networks are learned for different discriminate ability, we call them as the general network and the specialized network separately. Secondly, a general-to-specialized analysis method is proposed which is proved theoretically. When predicting the class of an input sample, we select the corresponding specialized networks according to the preliminary analysis result and then make in-depth analysis. Experiments on four benchmark datasets are performed to test the proposed algorithm. The results show that our algorithm is feasible, valid and robust.


Tens or thousands of sensor nodes are usually deployed in WSN, dispersed in an area with one or more sinks. In addition, several multi-path routing protocols have been proposed to achieve reliability and load balancing. But these protocols limitation is overhead traffic. Thus, congestion is more likely to occur in this situation. HEED (Hybrid, Energy-Efficient, and Distributed) it is a popular distributed clustering protocol in which gives energy and communication costs in a probabilistic manner to elect Cluster Heads (CHs). This paper uses blurred logic and a non-probabilistic approach to CH elections to improve the HEED protocol. To elect CHs, the protocol uses the remaining energy of the node. In contrast, the probabilistic HEED model for the choice of tentative CHs is eliminated by introducing delays for each node, inversely proportional to the residual energy of the node. Provisional CHs are therefore selected on the basis of priority. Here we are performing the comparison of our approach with LEACH (Energy Adaptive Clustering Hierarchy) protocol. Simulation results show that in terms of network lifetime and also cluster formation, our approach performs better than LEACH.


The database of Global Ionospheric Maps (GIMs) produced at Jet Propulsion Laboratory is analyzed. We define high density total electron content (TEC) regions (HDRs) in a map, following certain selection criteria. For the first time, we trained four convolutional neural networks (CNNs) corresponding to four phases of a solar cycle to classify the GIMs by the number of HDRs in each map with ∼ 80% accuracy on average. We compared HDR counts for GIMs across ten years to draw conclusions on how the number of HDRs in the GIMs changes throughout the solar cycle. Occurrence of HDRs during different geomagnetic activity conditions is discussed. Catalog of selected HDRs for ten years and four CNN‐based models that can be used to extend classification to other years are provided for the community to use.


By analyzing the main difficulty and current situation of local public-service sports instructor training with literature review,interview survey,mathematical statistics and logical analysis,the author thinks that it is necessary to build practical training system to help the development of public-service sports instructor.The author also puts forward some basic assumptions of training system constitution: ① to improve training team,and connect the general public and colleges and universities.②to iptimize training personnel structure and reasonably amend the way and the content of training.③to build re-training system and continuously consolidate and update knowledge.④to explore the ways to construct effective network platform,which could serve the broad masses of social sports instructors.


This study evaluated the acute and follow-up effectiveness of sirolimus-eluting stents (SESs) and nonpolymer-based paclitaxel-eluting stents (PESs) in comparison will balloon angioplasty for treatment of complex in-stent restenosis (ISR) lesions. Drug-eluting stents have been demonstrated to be highly effective for treatment of de novo lesions. The use of drug-eluting stents for treatment of complex ISR is less well defined. Eighty one lesions with in-stent restenosis (lesion length < 30 mm in a native coronary artery) were treated with either PTCA alone (n = 26 lesions in 25 patients), PES (n = 27 lesions in 24 patients; Achieve, Cook; 3,1 mg paclitaxel/mm nonpolymer-based coating), SES (n = 28 lesions in 28 patients; Cypher, Cordis; 140 mg sirolimus/cm metal surface area). Nine-month MACE rates were 32%, 8%, and 14% (all due to repeated revascularization procedures, except one death in the SES group) in the PTCA, PES, and SES group, respectively. Postintervention minimal lumen diameter in stent was significantly greater in the SES and the PES group in comparison with the PTCA group (2.37 6 0.26, 2.54 6 0.42, 1.78 6 0.23 mm; P < 0.001). At 6-month angiographic follow-up, late loss in stent was 0.77 6 0.45, 0.43 6 0.53, and 0.29 6 0.52 mm for the PTCA, PES, and SES group, respectively (P = 0.005). In-lesion restenosis rate was 61% for the PTCA group, 20% for the PES group, and 13% for the SES group (P = 0.042). The implantation of SES as well as nonpolymer PES proved to be effective for treatment of ISR. The combination of improved acute gain and reduced late loss results in a significantly improved angiographic follow-up result in comparison with PTCA. Catheter Cardiovasc Interv 2005;64:28–34. ' 2004 Wiley-Liss, Inc.


The Moloi may either be a man or a woman. It is said most Baloi are women. Because the men generally have more than one wife, it happens that those wives who are neglected by their husbands obtain magic medicine in order to kill the husband, so that the more-favoured wives lose him too. Or they procure love-philtres from witch-doctors, so that he prefers them to the other wives. And then it often occurs that they unwittingly give him something that is fatal to him. Children obtain the power of magic from their parents. This magic power is given to them in helpless babyhood by grafting magic medicine in their posterior cavity. Such a person has the power of making himself invisible, especially at night.


This article investigates the matrix coupled "all-in-one" magnetic structure that combines both series coupling and parallel coupling for pulse-width modulated (PWM) power conversion. A systematic analysis of the current ripple reduction mechanism is performed. Current ripple steering among asymmetric series coupled windings is discussed. The transient performance of the matrix coupled inductor is demystified, providing insights for analyzing converter dynamics and its large- or small-signal modeling. To quantify the benefits of matrix coupling, a figure of merit is defined by comparing the current ripple of a matrix coupled inductor to that of a discrete inductor given the same transient speed. The comparison results indicate that a higher number of phases and a stronger matrix coupling coefficient amplify the benefits of matrix coupling. A 1 V-to-5 V input, 1 V-to-5 V output, four-phase matrix coupled synchronous SEPIC converter with planar PCB integrated magnetics is built and tested. The matrix coupled SEPIC prototype can support load current up to 185 A at 5 V-to-1 V voltage conversion with a maximum power density over 470 W/in$^\text{3}$. Compared to commercial discrete inductors, the matrix coupled inductor has a 5.6 times smaller size and 8.5 times faster transient speed with similar current ripple and current rating. The experimental results validate the matrix coupling concept and the theoretical analysis, opening the possibilities toward wide adoption of ''all-in-one-magnetics" in PWM topologies.


A study in 1970 by Lawrence Saha found that over 50 per cent of academics at the University of Sydney identified their political ideology as 'left' compared with 11.5 percent of the general population. This article discusses the reasons left-wing graduates are attracted to academia rather than to the corporate world, and argues this trend is self-perpetuating. By contrast, graduates who identify with centre-right ideology are more likely to embrace private industry.


The invention discloses a 350000 KW air-cooling steam turbine internal machine base. The 350,000 KW air-cooling steam turbine internal machine base comprises a metal main body, wherein the metal main body is made of an alloy material, and the alloy material comprises, by weight, 0.69% of Si, 6.13% of B, 2.77% of Ti, 3.49% of Fe, 2.57% of S6 and the balance Mg and inevitable impurities. The method for preparing the alloy material comprises the following steps that (1) Mg, Mg-Si alloy, Mg-B alloy, Mg-Ti alloy, Mg-Fe alloy and Mg-Sb alloy are preheated for 46 minutes at the temperature of 189 DEG C; (2) protective gas is introduced into a smelting furnace, and the preheated Mg is placed in the smelting furnace and is heated to melt; (3) the preheated Mg-Si alloy, the preheated Mg-B alloy, the pre-heated Mg-Ti alloy, the preheated Mg-Fe alloy and the preheated Mg-Sb alloy are placed in the smelting furnace, and the temperature is increased for sufficient smelting; (4) melt stands to be cooled to 547 DEG C, and the alloy material is obtained after casting. The 350,000 KW air-cooling steam turbine internal machine base is high in friction resistance, high-temperature resistance, corrosion resistance, weather resistance and strength.


We consider a particular case of the two dimensional
Blume-Emery-Griffiths model to study the finite-size scaling for a field driven first-order phase transition with two coexisting phases not related by a symmetry. For low temperatures we verify the asymptotic (large volume) predictions of the rigorous theory of Borgs and Kotecky, including the predictions concerning the so-called equal-weight versus equal-height controversy. Near the critical temperature we show that all data fit onto a unique curve, even when the correlation length xi becomes comparable to or larger then the size of the system, provided the linear dimension L of the system is rescaled by xi.


Recent studies have established that masculinization of the male reproductive tract is programmed by androgens in a critical fetal 'masculinization programming window' (MPW). What is peculiar to androgen action during this period is, however, unknown. Studies from 20 years ago in mice implicated prostaglandin (PG)-mediation of androgen-induced masculinization, but this has never been followed up. We therefore investigated if PGs might mediate androgen effects in the MPW by exposing pregnant rats to indomethacin (which blocks PG production by inhibiting cyclooxygenase activity) during this period and then examining if androgen production or action (masculinization) was affected. Pregnant rats were treated with indomethacin (0.8 mg/kg/day; e15.5–e18.5) to encompass the MPW. Indomethacin exposure decreased fetal bodyweight (e21.5), testis weight (e21.5) and testicular PGE2 (e17.5, e21.5), but had no effect on intratesticular testosterone (ITT; e17.5) or anogenital index (AGI; e21.5). Postnatally, AGI, testis weight and blood testosterone were unaffected by indomethacin exposure and no cryptorchidism or hypospadias occurred. Penis length was normal in indomethacin-exposed animals at Pnd25 but was reduced by 26% (p<0.001) in adulthood, an effect that is unexplained. Our results demonstrate that indomethacin can effectively decrease intra-testicular PGE2 level. However, the resulting male phenotype does not support a role for PGs in mediating androgen-induced masculinization during the MPW in rats. The contrast with previous mouse studies is unexplained but may reflect a species difference.


Epigenetics is the branch of biology which studies heritable changes in genome function that occur without a change in nucleotide sequence within the DNA. One of the most studied epigenetic process is the DNA methylation, which is associated with several gene regulation mechanisms such as genomic imprinting. This type of regulation is characterized by parental specific gene expression and differential methylation of the associated loci in regulatory sequences named imprinting centers (ICs). Alterations of this mechanism has been related to hypo and hypergrowth syndromes in humans and domestic animals, tumor development, behavior disorders, and it has also been associated with epimutations in individuals conceived by assisted reproduction (AR) techniques and stem cells derived from different species. These last two evidences are indicatives of the imprinted genes lability to in vitro cell manipulation. The possible causes of these epimutations are not completely clear. Cattle seem to be a better comparative model in the study of this epigenetic alterations, and it can avoid the use of human embryos. However, there is few description of imprinted gene sequences this species. In the present work, two differently methylated regions (H19DMR and KvDMR1) were characterized in terms of conserved elements (CEs), enrichment of repetitive elements (RE) and methylation patterns. The CEs and REs analysis was carried out using the VISTA and RepeatMasker softwares, respectively. The methylation patterns for both DMRs were analyzed by COBRA (COmbined Bisulfite Restriction Analysis) assay in DNA from peripherical blood and sperm samples of in vivo conceived animals. It also was investigated the loss of imprinting in samples of four cloned animals. The results indicated that the imprinting patterns of the studied bovine DMRs are similar to the other homologue regions in mammals. The genomic features demonstrated a bigger similarity of the analyzed regions between cattle and humans than between humans and mice. Differences between the imprinting patterns of in vivo conceived versus cloned animals were not found. The results of this work can help future studies of imprinted genes in cattle, and, in addition, can contribute for the improvements of this animal model as a comparative to the human development.


In this paper we analyze the role of capital-embodied technological shocks in explaining properties of the cross section of stock returns. Our evidence suggests that, contrary to theoretical conjectures in the literature, investment-specic shock should demand a positive risk premium. We document that the magnitude of these shocks is too small to explain cross-sectional return patterns such as the value and momentum eect and that the pricing eect


A process to coat submicron structures in paraffin resists, selectively with metals in a single vacuum cycle (all‐dry process), is demonstrated. The process includes the evaporation of paraffin on to a support, the generating of crosslinked areas by irradiation with electrons, the developing of the structure by heating the resist film, and finally a selective coating with metal. The degree of crosslinking of the paraffin film has a remarkably influence on the nucleation density of the metal and allows us to control on a very fine scale the area on which the metal is deposited.


The invention provides an information security protecting system and method of a mobile terminal. The system comprises an interface module, a security policy setting module, a file access controlling module, a file access log recording module and a dynamic encrypting/decrypting module. The interface module provides an API (Application Program Interface) for being called. The security policy setting module can set a corresponding security policy according to a command sent by the interface module. The file access controlling module realizes controlling of access operation to file objects in the mobile terminal. The file access log recording module realizes recording of all operations to files. The dynamic encrypting/decrypting module is located at a kernel layer of a mobile operating system and realizes encrypting/decrypting treatment to the files according to the set security policy. The system and the method provided by the invention can be applied to mobile terminals which take a file as an information storage manner so as to provide encrypted protection; and in addition, the invention has the advantages of comprehensive protection, strong expandability, high security, low occupancy of system resource and good user experience.


Purpose: Compare patient adherence to glaucoma therapy with morning versus evening dosing schedules. Methods: Retrospective chart review of 41 consecutive patients who had used the Travatan™ Dosing Aid (Alcon, Fort Worth, TX). Patients had been nonrandomly assigned morning or evening dosing at initiation of usage. Dosing aid data was recorded and analyzed using paired student t-tests where appropriate. Adherence was defined as the dose being administered within 3 hours of the prescribed dosing time. Results: Records of 18 patients in the morning group and 23 in the evening group were reviewed. Average time of use was 51.06 ± 4.94 days for the morning group and 50.65 ± 5.38 days for the evening group (p = 0.80). Patients taking the morning dose were less likely to miss an entire day of dosing (days missed in morning group = 3.33 ± 1.33; evening group = 5.87 ± 1.52, p < 0.001). The overall adherence rate was not statistically different between groups (morning group = 82.72 ± 7.32%; evening group = 78.96 ± 6.12%, p = 0.08) although the morning group tended to be more adherent to therapy. Patients in the morning group were also more likely to take their drops later rather than miss the entire day's dose. Conclusions: The rate of adherence for both the morning and evening dosing groups was better than previously reported. Dosing drops in the morning, rather than in the evening, may lead to fewer entirely missed days of glaucoma eye drop therapy.


The magnetic field of vortices in anisotropic superconducting films is considered in the framework of anisotropic London approach. It is found that at distances large relative to the core size, the magnetic field normal to the film surface may change sign. We find that the magnetic field attenuates at large distances as 1/r as it does in isotropic films, but the anisotropy induces an angular dependence to the supercurrents which causes the sign of the field to change for anisotropy parameters γ = λ2/λ1 > √ 2 in some parts of the (x, y) plane.


Russia and China are terraforming the maritime environment as part of their warfare. In both cases the actions are illegal and the performance is offensive to its actual nature. In the case of Chin ...


This issue's "Reader's Choice" contains a list of articles published by the IEEE Signal Processing Society (SPS) that ranked among the top 100 most downloaded IEEE Xplore articles from November 2007 to April 2008. The highest rank obtained by an article in this time frame is indicated in bold. The list is also available by point and click at http://apollo.ee.columbia.edu/spm/?i= external/readerschoice. Your suggestions and comments are welcome and should be sent to the Associate Editor Berna Erol (email@example.com).


This research aims to examine the fraud hexagon theory in the detection of fraudulent financial reporting that occurs in a company. According to the hexagon fraud theory, fraud occurs due to 6 factors, namely pressure/stimulus, opportunity, capability, ego/arrogance, rationalization, and collusion. These 6 factors are proxied with 10 proxies, namely: financial stability, financial targets, external pressure, change in director, change in auditor, ineffective monitoring, industry nature, number of CEO photos, political connections, and collusion. The population in this research are companies listed in the LQ 45 index period I February-July 2017-2021. The sample in this study is 88 samples. The data analysis approach used is statistic descriptive, classic assumption test, and multiple regression analysis using SPSS 25. The results of this study reveal that the nature of industry and external pressures have a negative effect on the detection of financial statement fraud, and change in auditor positively effect on the detection of financial statements fraud. While the variables of financial stability, financial targets, political connections, change in directors, number of CEO photos, ineffective monitoring, and collusion have no effect in detecting financial statements fraud. This result can be used for companies management as their references about what makes fraudulent financial statements occurs, so they can make preventive action for their companies


Finite clusters with a small number of charged particles immersed in a plasmaenvironment have been numerically simulated with a dynamic method. Finite Coulomb clustersare systems of a small number of charged particles, N = 1 to 100, confined by a potential producedby plasma 2D-sheath. Under the action of net force each particle is in an equilibrium positionand together they form finite Coulomb clusters. The results of our study show the configurationof Coulomb clusters do not depend on their initial state. After theoretically studied and tested byusing the Monte Carlo technique we also prove the system energy is the determinant parameter ofthe configuration. In addition, the effect of the external magnetic field on the cluster configurationis analyzed.


This is an essay written by Hilary Kornblith which attack Descartes' foundationalism and provides us with a new theory which is very much involved with scientific knowledge or empirical beliefs and it is a scientific enterprise. In this paper the main foci of my study is to delineate the distinction between Kornblith's account of naturalistic theory of knowledge and Descartes' account of foundationalistic theory of knowledge  as well as to identify which one is more reasonable.


We investigated at room temperature the Franz-Keldysh effect in GeSn layers with Sn concentrations up to 13%. Several p-i-n stacks with indirect and direct band-gaps were grown by Reduced Pressure Chemical Vapor Deposition (RPCVD) with Ge2H6, Si2H6 and SnCl4 precursors. Direct band-gap energies and absorption coefficient were determined in transmission by electro-absorption measurements. The direct band-gap position was consistent with our k.p model. A maximum modulation of 1% was obtained at the direct band gap for a 0.5 V bias.


To implement the optimum design of scaffolding platform of liquid tank of LNG carrier,MSC Patran and MSC Nastran are used to build a 3D model and perform static analysis respectively. According to the mechanics equivalence principle,the 3D model is simplified to be a 2D one to perform the analysis and computation of deformation and reaction force at support,the 2D model is revised by the calculation result of the 3D model,and the deformation and reaction force at support of the 2D model is basically coincided with the one of the 3D model. Finally,the sensitivity of 2D model is analyzed,the section dimensions which have relatively bigger influence on the structure mass are selected as the design variables,and the structure of 2D model is optimized to achieve the minimized structure mass by taking the displacement of nodes as the constraint conditions and the minimum mass as the objective function. The results indicate that the structure mass of the scaffolding platform can be greatly reduced while satisfying displacement constraints and the optimization purpose is achieved.


Cloud computing is an emerging technology now a days and has a lot of research potential in various areas like resource allocation, task scheduling, security and privacy etc. Task scheduling in cloud means for task execution selecting the best suitable resource. It is used to maximize resource utilization and minimize finishing time (Makespan). The total time taken for all tasks to be finished is known as makespan. The main objective of this paper is to optimize the task scheduling that uses DE-GSA to minimize the execution time (makespan).


Karyological information on Iberian Ophrys species is very limited. This paper provides the haploid and diploid chromosome numbers of 11 taxa of sect. Pseudophrys and sect. Ophrys, both of which are well represented in the Iberian Peninsula, and two taxa from Tunisia. The first data on chromosome numbers for O. vasconica (2n = 72, 74), O. ficalhoana (2n = 36), O. picta (2n = 36), O. sphegifera (n = 18, 2n = 36, 38) and O. passionis (2n = 36) are also presented, confirming the stability of the chromosome number in Ophrys. In addition, populations of the group O. omegaifera (O. dyris and O. vasconica), together with tetraploidy, pentaploidy and the existence of aneuploid phenomena, are reported for the first time in Iberia. The basic diploid number is always 2n = 36. The karyotypes of several species were analysed. Evolutionary trends in Ophrys chromosomes are discussed. Taxonomic and phytogeographical details are provided on several species or groups of species from Iberia. © 2003 The Linnean Society of London, Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society, 2003,142, 395−406.


This qualitative study investigates how biology majors explain energy consumption issues. In particular, we focus on two energy consumption activities that account for about two-thirds of global carbon dioxide emissions in 2011: burning fossil fuels for transportation and using electricity. We conducted in-depth clinical interviews with twenty U.S. students and twenty Chinese students. We compared these two groups of students in terms of two aspects of explanation: 1) naming scientific terms in the explanation, and 2) explaining an energy consumption issue. Regarding naming, we examined the frequency of naming different terms of scientific concepts and principles in students' explanations. Regarding explaining, we developed a rubric that differentiates three levels of explaining: informal explanations that are based upon intuitive ideas (Level 1), school science explanations that are based on alternative conceptions about matter and energy (Level 2), and scientific explanations that demonstrate the scientific understanding of concepts/principles about matter and energy (Level 3). The results revealed that scientific terms appeared most frequently in scientific explanations (Level 3), but they also appeared in many school science explanations (Level 2) and in some informal explanations (Level 1). We further describe how scientific terms were used in explanations at different levels. We found although Chinese students named scientific terms more frequently and demonstrated a better performance in explaining, they still produced more informal explanations and school science explanations than scientific explanations. In general, the results suggest the importance of promoting students' abilities to use scientific terms correctly and meaningfully in explaining real-world environmental events in both countries.


King Sejong Station in King George Island plays a great role in the expansion of the human activities due to its geographical characteristics as an advance post and gateway to the mainland of Antarctica. This study addressed the precise positioning of King Sejong Station's GPS CORS (Continuously Operating Reference Station) and the estimation of the crustal movement of Barton Peninsula, King George Island. The GPS data for 32 months (January 2007 to August 2009) were used for the study, and the relative positioning method was used for precise positioning. The observation data of O'Higgins, which is closest to King Sejong Station, were used as the fixed points among the IGS (International GNSS Service) CORSs. Precise positioning with a maximum of ±0.0172 m RMSE was possible for the X, Y, and Z components. The precise point positioning (PPP) of the GPS data showed that Barton Peninsula is moving at a speed of 19 mm/year northeast (30° azimuth).


This Letter reports measurements of the ratios of ..pi.., K, and p production at large values of transverse momentum in ..pi../sup -/-p collisions. The charge ratios, such as ..pi../sup -//..pi../sup +/, K/sup -//K/sup +/, and p-bar/p are seen to be quite different from those measured in p-p collisions. These ratios are sensitive tests of hard-scattering models, and are compared with theoretical predictions. The particle ratios have also been studied as a function of center-of-mass angle (theta*) at theta*=90/sup 0/, 77/sup 0/, and 60/sup 0/.


Objective: To investigate the effects of mesenchymal stem cells on cardiac injury and heart dysfunction induced by metabolic disorders as well as the underlying mechanisms including the expression of MG53--muscle specific E3 ligase Mitsugumin 53 in diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM) in rats. Methods and results: We used a high-fat diet combined with low dose of streptozotocin administration to induce the diabetic cardiomyopathy model in rats, and performed four infusions of adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ADMSCs). Here, we found that the hyperglycemia and cardiac dysfunction weresignificantly alleviated in the ADMSCs treated group compared to DCM group, as manifested by reduced blood glucose, improved systolic and diastolic heart function, inhibited interstitial fibrosis and myocardial hypertrophy, and prevented cardiomyocytes injury. DCM rats showed a significantly increased expression of MG53, and decreased insulin receptor (IR), insulin receptor substrate 1 (IRS1), and serine phosphorylation of Akt (p-Akt), which exhibited opposite changes to the ADMSCs treated group. In vitro, we simulated cardiac injury via 33 mmol/L glucose, used adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells culture-medium to interfere with primary cardiomyocytes induced by 33 mmol/L glucose. The ADMSCs-CM treated group exhibited decreased expression of MG53, increased IR, IRS1, and p-Akt protein levels, with the differences being significant. Conclusions: Our results indicate that hyperglycemia is an independent risk factor for DCM, and MG53 plays a crucial role in the cardiac injury in the diabetic rat model. Furthermore, ADMSCs can alleviate the cardiac injury and improve heart dysfunction of DCM rats, involving their ability to downregulate the overexpression of MG53, and further elevate IR, IRS1, and p-Akt protein levels, which could improve insulin sensitivity and cardiac metabolism.


powder with a grain size of below 44 μm diameter was put into the furnace, spattering was prevented, copper being accurately determined. Sensitivity and precision were improved with increasing amount of the powder. Calibration curve for copper was constructed with peak area of absorption signal by using aluminum containing a known content of copper. The relative standard deviation ranged from 2.6 to 16%. The limit of detection was 0.18 ng for copper. This value corresponds to 0.000018% of copper in 1 mg of aluminum.


The study of chemical networks of Earth's geological past such as the Archean and Exoplanetary atmospheres requires the resolutions larges number of chemical reactions. This necessity is based on the lack of observational parameters abundant in to-day's planet Earth or neighbor planets in the solar system. The aim of this work is to construct a planetary atmosphere chemical network solver that relies on a minimal number of observational parameters. We present here the latest development in our effort to develop such model. Our previous report presented the efficiency of the chemical solver for a large number of chemical species and reaction networks. In this report we present a photochemical dynamic core capable of solving ultraviolet opacities and photo-dissociation reaction rates at each step of the calculation. Additionally the model has been equipped with a set of equations to calculate disequilibrium effects on the chemical network. The stability and robustness of the code has been tested for a large network with more than 500 reactions interlinking more than 40 chemical species. The results obtained so far have been contrasted with the most common chemical codes available in the literature for benchmark.


1. Introduction: Speciation and patterns of diversity Roger K. Butlin, Jon R. Bridle and Dolph Schluter 2. On the arbitrary identification of real species Jody Hey 3. The evolutionary nature of diversification in sexuals and asexuals Timothy G. Barraclough, Diego Fontaneto, Elisabeth A. Herniou and Claudia Ricci 4. The poverty of the protists Graham Bell 5. Theory, community assembly, diversity and evolution in the microbial world Thomas P. Curtis, Nigel C. Wallbridge and William T. Sloan 6. Patterns of biodiversity and limits to adaptation in time and space Jon R. Bridle, Jitka Polechova and Timothy H. Vines 7. Dynamic patterns of adaptive radiation: evolution of mating preferences Sergey Gavrilets and Aaron Vose 8. Niche dimensionality and ecological speciation Patrik Nosil and Luke Harmon 9. Progressive levels of trait divergence along a 'speciation transect' in the Lake Victoria cichlid fish Pundamilia Ole Seehausen 10. Rapid speciation, hybridization and adaptive radiation in the Heliconius melpomene group James Mallet 11. Investigating ecological speciation Daniel J. Funk 12. Biotic interactions and speciation in the tropics Douglas W. Schemske 13. Ecological influences on the temporal pattern of speciation Albert B. Phillimore and Trevor D. Price 14. Speciation, extinction, and diversity Robert E. Ricklefs 15. Temporal patterns in diversification rates Andy Purvis, C. David L. Orme, Nicola H. Toomey and Paul N. Pearson 16. Speciation and extinction in the fossil record of North American mammals John Alroy.


Herpesviruses are large and complex viruses, and have a long evolutionary history with their host species. One poorly understood, but important, area in virus-host interaction is the extensive remodelling of intracellular organelles and morphology that occurs during active viral replication. We have constructed a recombinant reporter virus that allowed us to classify four distinct stages in the infection cycle of herpes simplex virus 1. Single-cell analysis of the impact of the viral load on replication dynamics demonstrates the utility of this times-tamping method for tracking the infection cycle. High-resolution microscopy analysis of cellular structures in live and fixed cells in concert with our dual-fluorescent reporter virus have enabled us to generate a detailed overview over the spatial and temporal organisation of the cytoskeleton and organelles during viral replication. This provides the first systems-level analysis of the morphological changes involved in viral replication.


We have demonstrated that the local magnetization in a Co microwire can be switched by an application of a gate voltage without using any external magnetic fields. The electric-field-induced reversible ferromagnetic phase transition was used to realize this. An internal stray field from a ferromagnetic gate electrode assisted the local domain reversal in the Co wire. This new concept of electrical domain switching may be useful for dramatically reducing the power consumption of writing information in a magnetic racetrack memory, in which a shift of a magnetic domain by electric current is utilized.


Human values held by an individual in the context of work that are (a) concerned with fellow human beings and (b) those concerned with perpetuity of organizations have to be studied for their impact on job performance and employee competency. Schwartz's 10 basic values - self-direction, stimulation, hedonism, achievement, power, security, conformity, tradition, benevolence, and universalism- which are very general and relate primarily to a larger societal context, are not employee- or organization- focused. The last five values, namely, security, conformity, tradition, benevolence, and universalism - have little focus on human beings and are less encountered during work. The human values which are particular to the context of work (social focus values) are assumed to impact job performance and competency of employees. In view of scanty research into this aspect of employees and work in this part of the world, a research was undertaken with 144 employee respondents working in different organizations in and around Hyderabad. Path analysis was performed to unearth and measure the relationships between values and employee outcomes and the mediating role of competency. The model was also tested with AMOS software. The research shows that social focus values and organization perpetuity pursuit values impact performance only with the complete mediating role of competency. Contrary to popular view, these two values under examination have little direct effect on job performance, and competency alone predicts performance, and not social focus and perpetuity pursuit values.


The development of internet technology,digital technology,mobile technology and the use of new media make the process of editing talent training advance greatly.The author think that the command of editing talent training can follow the following nine factors:information knowledge,information ability,information career,IT,information psychology,information education,information value,information sense and information quality.


This survey is to know about the tourism status of kanchipuram. It also explain about the temples and places to visit in kanchipuram. Tourism is a major social phenomenon of the modern society with definite economic, social and environmental consequences. Tourism in Tamil Nadu has assumed the role of major economic activity having direct and/ or indirect correlation with all other sectors. To prepare a master plan for tourism having diverse implications, it is pertinent to appreciate the physical, social and environmental issues in the region in order to achieve an overall understanding of dynamics of tourism in the state. In this survey forming a set of questions related to tourism and making a survey, analyzing the answers. The  results shows maximum no of visitors are interested to visit Kanchipuram for seeing temples and getting blessing of God. Some people interested to take silk sarees and visit nearer places. From the analysis shows maximum visitors are coming in holidays.


In this document we describe Tralics, a L A TEX to XML translator, and its application to the Raweb. There are two parts: the rst part describes the translator, the second part the tools required for the Raweb. This document has dieren t chapters; we shall describe rst how TEX can read an XML le and convert it to Pdf; in eect, we shall describe the xmltex, fotex and mathml packages, written by D. Carlisle et S. Rahtz, with some minor bug corrections and additions. We show how style sheets can be used to convert the XML source into XSL/FO or HTML, or even XML. Finally, we shall explain the Raweb DTD.


Recently, Stephen Gorard has outlined strong objections to the use of significance testing in social research. He has argued, first, that as the samples used in social research are almost always non-random it is not possible to use inferential statistical techniques and, second, that even if a truly random sample were achieved, the logic behind the calculation and interpretation of p-values is fundamentally flawed. Arguments against Gorard's position have focused almost exclusively on the first point (the non-random nature of samples) despite the fact that it is the second point which is the more important: if the logic of significance testing is indeed flawed, then whether non-random samples are a problem or not becomes irrelevant. This article aims to show that the logic of significance testing is not flawed in the ways which Gorard claims because: 1) samples do contain real information about the population from which they are derived; and 2) under certain assumptions the p-value can reflect—or at least be a reasonable proxy for—the probability of the null hypothesis being true given the data.


Learning through social interactions and critical thinking is becoming a fundamental teaching approach, especially for adult students. This approach promotes holistic and deeper understanding for the subject being learned. Online technologies are offering us new opportunities to create communities of inquiry that allow for more active learning that enhances students' critical thinking. This article introduces an exploratory case in a Middle Eastern context that uses multiple online activities to supplement and strengthen the students' face-to-face learning environment. This interpretive case discusses the students' perceptions of their experience when using online activities. The case indicates that students improved their learning, are very positive about their first interaction with online activities and would like to see it as a standard practice to supplement their face-to-face learning.


This work is devoted to studying a family of Middle Proximal Alternating Direction Method of Multipliers (MP-ADM) for solving multi-block constrained separable convex optimization. Such one-parameter family of MP-ADM combines both Jacobian and Gauss-Seidel types of alternating direction method, and proximal point techniques are only applied to the middle subproblems to promote the convergence. We analyze the global convergence as well as the sublinear convergence rate of the proposed algorithm in the ergodic sense. Moreover, its linear convergence is established under the assumptions that the sub-differential of each component function in the objective function is piecewise linear and all the constraint sets are polyhedra. Our MP-ADM is later extended to another version with special proximal terms that can make the middle subproblems become proximal mappings. Compared with several stateof-the-art algorithms, the new MP-ADM is validated to be numerically efficient for solving a latent variable Gaussian graphical model selection problem arising from statistical learning.


AbstractThe corrosion of steel in ordinary Portland cement (OPC) mortars of low water/OPC ratio (w/OPC) was examined during immersion in chloride solutions. Steel in mortar with equal volumes of sand and 0PC, immersed in aerated simulated sea water, was passive for 550 days with a corrosion current (Icor) typically of the order of 0·1 μA cm−2. In 3:1 and 2:1 sand/OPC mortars steel depassivated under apparent anodic control. Corrosion potentials were more negative than —800 mV(SCE) and corresponded to Icor values between 5·0 and 8·0 μA cm−2, limited by oxygen diffusion. It is suggested that some gas filled porosity was retained despite prolonged immersion. Reduction of mix water content from 0·4 to 0·3 w/0PC decreased mortar and cement paste porosity but did not improve the corrosion performance of embedded steel. This may be due to reduced compaction efficiency during placement and lower Ca(OH)2 content in the hardened OPC paste (particularly at the steel/mortar interface). Steel in mortar showed similar ...


New image recognition approach are proposed for common grating coupler alignment issues. This proposal visualizes the grating coupler by observing the diffraction of visible light on grating surface when it is blocked by fiber/fiber array. Then use machine learning to achieve current position prediction. In this paper, we successfully verified that visible light can be used for grating coupler alignment. And use GoogLeNet as a learning network for machine learning. The results show that the learned network can successfully predict the distance range between the current position and the optimal coupling point position with accuracy of 85%.


Medical records of 32 patients with cryptogenic West syndrome were reviewed for factors correlating with developmental outcome in a study at Saitama Children's Medical Center, and the Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.


Micromagnetic simulation is used to investigate the frequency spectra of a perpendicularly magnetized nanocontact spin-torque oscillator subject to different boundary pinning conditions. Boundary confinement is critical to the output spectra: spectra under two limiting conditions are attributed to the different pinning strengths at the boundaries. The correlation between boundary pinning strength and output spectra may facilitate the design of future nanocontact microwave devices.


Summer and wintertime observations were conducted through deploying horizontal oceanographic time series sensors in a coral reef region of Southwest Japan to assess the existing hydrodynamic and thermal environments in relation to seasonal changes. A significant variation in water circulation and temperature distribution pattern was recorded in Shiraho reef area between two different seasons. During winter, a strong inflow of oceanic water was recorded inside the reef on a semidiurnal pattern that led to significant water temperature rising while in summer, considerable amount of sea water entered the reef area with a diurnal frequency causing water temperature slightly lower. Outside the reef, current was found to flow nearly parallel in direction to the north-south stretch of the reef.


Red light (700 nm) photoluminescence (PL) was obtained from two AlGaAs multiple quantum well (MQW) structures having 10 nm Al0.22Ga0.78As wells and 5 nm Al0.52Ga0.48As barriers. One sample was undoped and the other was Be doped (p=1×1018 cm−3) in the QWs. The p‐doped sample emitted strong PL at low excitation intensities (<0.08 W/cm2) where the undoped sample no longer emitted detectable light. Furthermore, the p‐doped sample exhibited room temperature red light emission, easily detectable to the naked eye, when illuminated by white light sources such as a flashlight or microscope light. Excitation‐intensity‐dependent measurements showed that the undoped sample's PL intensity increased nearly quadratically while the doped sample's PL intensity increased nearly linearly with increasing excitation intensity up to about 2 W/cm2. At higher excitation intensities, the luminescence intensities of both samples exhibited the same superlinear dependence; the undoped sample had about 30% higher luminescence intensity.


This research was conducted to provide a theoretical basis and experimental evidence to support the hypothesis
that insect larvae can be preferentially heated in dry nuts and fruits by radio frequency (RF) heating for pest control. We
selected codling moth larvae as the target insect and in–shell walnuts as the host material for this study, and focused our
attention on one RF frequency (27 MHz) and one microwave frequency (915 MHz). Dielectric properties measurements
showed that the loss factor ratio between codling moth larvae and walnut kernels at 20.C was 397 at 27 MHz and 4 at
915 MHz. The theoretical prediction for a 3 min treatment at 0.27 kW/kg suggested 12.0.C preferential heating of insect
larvae for the loss factor ratio of 397 (corresponding to 27 MHz) and 0.1.C for the ratio of 4 (corresponding to 915 MHz),
when the heat transfer coefficient between insects and walnuts was set at 500 W/m2 .C. To prove differential heating predicted
by the theoretical model, a gellan gel with dielectric properties similar to those of insects was used as a model insect. When
walnut kernels were heated at 27 MHz from 20.C to 53.C, the model insects were differentially heated from 12.6.C to 21.2.C
higher than the kernel temperature, depending on the power used and the treatment time. These values corresponded to a
heating rate for the model insect of 1.4 to 1.7 times greater than that for walnut kernels. As predicted by the theoretical model,
microwave heating at 915 MHz caused no differential heating of insects. Preferential heating of insects in dry nuts and fruits
at radio frequencies can be used in developing thermal treatments to control insects without adversely affecting product
quality.


[eng] Economic theory, which seemed to analyse properly the post World War two era has been growing drastically late for ten years with regards to the numerous and considerable changes that disturbed contemporary societies. The article assumes that the problems of economic theory were unsolved because the concept of slump was aban- donned and because the analysis of growth were simultaneously almost forsaken. Starting from a simple analysis of growth, the author will try to determine the structural changes leading to the economical slow-down as well as the results of contemporary policies and will think about different alternative strategies. [fre] La theorie economique qui etait adaptee a l'analyse de la periode guerre parait depuis dix ans dramatiquement en retard par rapport multiples et importantes transformations qui ont affecte les societes contemporaines. L'article suggere que difficultes de la theorie tiennent pour une part a du concept de crise et a un delaissement simultane des analyses croissance. Grâce a une analyse de la croissance, l'auteur tente de les transformations structurelles conduisant au ralentissement ainsi que les effets des politiques actuelles, puis reflechit a differentes alternatives.


Nowadays,the access to the higher vocational education of China has been limited to secondary vocational school graduates who have to pass an entrance examination focusing on their theoretical knowledge.The paper holds that this pattern cannot accommodate the development of vocational education.Therefore,it suggests that all the citizens should have the rights to receive higher vocational education and their technical skills should be tested.Supporting measures are also needed to enhance our citizens' occupational quality in general.


Abstract. Laccase has been produced in a solid-state fermentation (SSF) process using white rot fungi and various  lignocellulose-based substrates.  The white  rot fungi  used  were  Marasmius  sp.,  Trametes  hirsuta,  Trametes  versicolor  and Phanerochaete  crysosporium.  The  solid  substrates  employed  in  this  research were collected from  agricultural  waste, specifically  empty fruit bunches (EFB), rice  straw,  corncobs  and  rice  husks.  The  objective  of  this  research  was  to determine  the  most  promising  fungus,  the  best  solid  substrate  and  the  optimal conditions for the production of laccase.  The  results showed that  Marasmius  sp. on all solid substrates displayed  a  higher laccase activity than that of  any  other strain  of  white  rot  fungi.  Marasmius  sp.  and  a  solid  substrate  of  rice  straw demonstrated  the  highest  laccase  activity  of  1116.11  U/L  on  day  10.  Three significant  factors,  i.e.  pH,  temperature  and  yeast  extract  concentration,  were studied by  the  response surface method on laccase production using  Marasmius sp.  and rice straw. The optimized conditions were  a  pH, temperature and yeast extract concentration of 4.9, 31oC and 0.36 g/L,  respectively.  The fermentation of  Marasmius  sp.  in  SSF  on agricultural  waste  shows  a  great  potential  for  the production of laccase.


Abstract : This report describes the methods used to obtain high titers of chikungunya virus using suspension cultures of BHK-21 (clone 13) cells. The cells were grown at 37 deg C to a cell concentration of 1,000,000 to 2,000,000/ml. Following maximum cell growth, the cells were inoculated with chikungunya virus at a multiplicity of 1 to 2 SMICLD50 per cell in the spent Eagle's minimum essential medium for suspension cultures (MEMS), or the cell cultures were centrifuged at 1,000 rpm and resuspended in either fresh MEMS or medium 199 prior to inoculation. The medium used had no effect on virus titer. The inoculated cultures were incubated at 34 deg C until the cell viability dropped to 30%, which usually occurred 28 to 30 hours post-inoculation. Following these procedures, chikungunya virus titers of 10.3 to 11.8 log10 SMICLD50/ml were obtained.


Background: Uric acid in human beings was formed from the catabolism of purin.
Based on the prevalence of hiperurisemia in Indonesia, WHO logs a joint disorder
sufferers caused by hiperurisemia reaching 81% of the population. One way to prevent
increased levels of uric acid in blood that is exercise, then the researcher interested in
doing.
Purpose: Research to find out the influence of low intensity interval training and low
intensity continuous training toward a decreased in the levels of blood uric acid and
comparing the difference of the two method.
Methods: This type of research is experimental design that using the randomized
pretest-posttest control group design. Retrieval method of sampling is probability
sampling in simple random sampling. The respondent obtained as many as 27
undergraduated physician students at Airlangga University age 18-24 years. Low
intensity interval training and low intensity continuous training 3 times a week with
long practice for 3 weeks. Blood uric acid levels before and after exercise for 3 weeks
are measured and analyzed.
Results: Results found, low intensity interval training group going blood uric acid
levels decreased an average of 1.16 mg/dL. The value of the 95% confidence interval,
is 0.61 to 1.69 for upper and lower. The significance of value (p) from the result of
statistical tests that is smaller than the value of 0032 alpha (α = 0.05). While the
group low intensity continuous training occurs blood uric acid levels decreased an
average of 1.96 mg/dL. The value of the 95% confidence interval, is 0.72 to 3.18 for
upper and lower. The significance of value (p) from the result of statistical tests that is
smaller than the value of 0032 alpha (α = 0.05). After performing a statistical test that
is a comparison test of the least significant difference (LSD) to find out which is the
better training its influence on the blood uric acid levels. Obtained result that the low
intensity continuous training group showed a difference of average of 1.48 mg/dL. The
value of the 95% confidence interval, is 0.39 to 2.56 for upper and lower. The
significance of value (p) from the result of statistical tests that is smaller than the
value of 0.010 alpha (α = 0.05).
Conclusion: This research proves the existence of significant influence of low intensity
interval training and low intensity continuous training toward a decreased in the
levels of blood uric acid. low intensity continuous training had a significant influence
better toward a decreased in the levels of blood uric acid


Abstrcat Based on switching network, the technology of Virtual Local Area Network (VLAN) isa logical subnet which spans different network. It can avoid the network broadcast storm in orderto improve the performance, security, expansibility of whole campus network, The paper states animplementing case based on the technique of Virtual Local Area Network and network security.


The invention discloses a covariance matrix-based fast maneuvering target tracking method, which comprises the following steps: extracting the color, edge and pixel geometrical position characteristics of a target to construct a covariance matrix model of the described target; coarsely searching the target in a large-range window by using the rapid optimization performance of a genetic algorithm; and performing point-by-point search in the neighborhood near an optimized individual obtained by the genetic algorithm, and precisely positioning the target according to a distance measure function between covariance matrixes. The covariance matrix-based fast maneuvering target tracking method describes the target by fusing various characteristics, and can steadily track the target in the complicated environment; meanwhile, the covariance matrix-based fast maneuvering target tracking method combines the coarse matching and the point-by-point precise matching of the genetic algorithm, shortens the calculation time, and guarantees the real-time for searching the fast maneuvering target in a large range.


The basic structure and principle of double concave friction pendulum isolation bearing(DCFP) are introduced,theoretical analysis study on DCFP based on the principle of mechanical equilibrium is carried on,the stiffness of DCFP is derived and also the hysteretic models under the condition of same or different friction coefficients are respectively constructed,their recovery mechanisms are discussed and the computing formula of maximum residual displacement is obtained as well.Moreover,the model with solid element of DCFP is built by using ABAQUS software,the hysteretic property under low cyclic loading under the condition of same or different friction coefficients and recovery characteristic are simulated.The results show that: ①the numerical simulation results agree well with theoretical analysis,the hysteretic models and the computing formula of maximum residual displacement proposed are verified;②the hysteretic property of DCFP is favorable according to its plump hysteretic curves;③the stiffness of the bearing is inversely proportional to the sum of those two spherical radius of the sliding surfaces up and down,its isolation period is just associate with those two spherical radius while having no concern with the mass of superstructure at all;④the maximum residual displacement is the sum of product of spherical radius and friction coefficient at top and bottom.


A new accelerator chip called Hiddenite that can achieve state-of-the-art accuracy in the calculation of sparse hidden neural networks with lower computational burdens has now been developed by Tokyo Tech researchers. By employing the proposed on-chip model construction, which is the combination of weight generation and supermask expansion, the Hiddenite chip drastically reduces external memory access for enhanced computational efficiency.