Despite the significant health benefits attributed to breastfeeding, rates in countries, such as Australia, continue to remain static or to decline. Typically, the tangible support offered for women to support breastfeeding behaviours takes the form of face-to-face advice from health professionals, peer counselling via not-for-profit organizations such as the ABA, and provision of information through websites, pamphlets, and books. Prior research indicates that face-to-face support is more effective than telephone contact (Britton, McCormic, Renfrew, Wade, & King, 2009). Given the increasing costs associated with the provision of personalized face-to-face professional support and the need for some women to maximize privacy, discretion, and judgment-free consultations, there is a gap that could be filled by the use of m-technologies such as text messaging and other social media. The research team developed MumBubConnect; a two-way SMS system which combined the personalized aspects of face-to-face contact but maintained levels of privacy. The use of SMS was immediate, portable, and overcame many of the barriers associated with embarrassment. An Page 205 of 312 online survey of 130 breastfeeding mothers indicated that MumBubConnect facilitated the seeking of social support using m-technology, increased self-efficacy and maintained the desire behaviour.


In 1963, Bernard Bergonzi aptly described much of Evelyn Waugh's late fiction in terms of a kind of ''Tory Romanticism'' (23), a lingering fascination with the old boy's club, typified by a nostalgia for the archetypal English Gentlemen who were its members. This being the case, Waugh's reputation has suffered in the context of a contemporary academy influenced by the self-consciously progressive discourses of Marxism, poststructuralism, and postcolonialism, an academy in which the word conservative has negative intellectual, social, political, and aesthetic implications. The contemporary academy will note, with varying degrees of distaste, Waugh's consistent emphasis on the English upper classes, his primary interest in male characters (and cursory interest in female characters), and his sense of ''the modern world'' as a wildly unstable entity that has become, in some essential way, detached from any notion of truth or reason. Such features make Waugh a kind of ready-made whipping boy for a great deal of contemporary criticism which celebrates the very features Waugh detests, criticism that derides the ''fundamental truths'' Waugh sought to defend. Indeed, as far as academic circles are concerned, words such as ''fundamental'' and ''truth'' now travel in quotation marks precisely because


The Minimax admissibility of linear estimates with respect to restricted multivariate regression coefficient under matrix loss function is considered.A necessary and sufficient condition is given to ensure the Minimax admissibility for a class of linear estimates.


The present study was aimed to investigate the effect of carbonation sources (carbonated water or dry ice) and its supplementation levels on the physiochemical, microbial and sensorial qualities of carbonated mango juice. Experimental results revealed that the overall qualities of carbonated mango juice, especially sensory properties, obtained from the addition of dry ice were higher than those of carbonated water. Higher levels of carbonated water significantly decreased total acidity and ascorbic acid content of the carbonated mango juice (p<0.05). On the other hand, different levels of dry ice addition did not significantly affect the physicochemical properties of the carbonated mango juice (p>0.05). All of the carbonated mango juice samples had a low microbial number, which was not affected by the carbonation method and levels of the carbonation source.


Summary

Accuracy and precision are of great importance in the assessment of reef fish biomass when conducting an underwater visual census (UVC). Quantification and subsequent correction of the bias is required in order to standardize the estimates and correct for underwater distortion. To optimize the UVC, the observer should receive length-measurement training in order to obtain in situ-measurements that are as accurate and precise as possible. The objective of this study was to quantify the bias of fish length measurements made by divers with and without training in order to enhance reef fish biomass estimates. Adaptation of the diver to estimate fish lengths was analysed as a part of reef fish biomass monitoring in the Karimunjawa National Park, a national marine sanctuary in the Java Sea, Indonesia. Two divers practiced estimating a variety of fish in a natural environment by using styrofoam models attached to strings and sinkers. Analyses showed that by training the diver, his/her accuracy and precision improved substantially. Proving its reliability, an underwater visual census (UVC) becomes a useful and reliable method to assess the biomass of reef fishes.


We present an X-ray spectral and timing analysis of 4U 1543-47 during its 2002 outburst based on 49 pointed observations obtained using the Rossi X-Ray Timing Explorer. The outburst reached a peak intensity of 4.2 crab in the 2-12 keV band and declined by a factor of 32 throughout the month-long observation. A 21.9 ± 0.6 mJy radio flare was detected at 1026.75 MHz two days before the X-ray maximum; the radio source was also detected late in the outburst, after the X-ray source entered the "hard" state. The X-ray light curve exhibits the classic shape of a rapid rise and an exponential decay. The spectrum is soft and dominated by emission from the accretion disk. The continuum is fitted with a multicolor disk blackbody (kTmax = 1.04 keV) and a power law (Γ ~ 2.7). Midway through the decay phase, a strong low-frequency quasi-periodic oscillation (ν = 7.3-8.1 Hz) was present for several days. The spectra feature a broad Fe Kα line that is asymmetric, suggesting that the line is due to relativistic broadening rather than Comptonization. Relativistic Laor models provide much better fits to the line than nonrelativistic Gaussian models, particularly near the beginning and end of our observations. The line fits yield estimates for the inner disk radius that are within 6Rg; this result and additional evidence indicates that this black hole may have a nonzero angular momentum.


Studies were conducted on the physico-chemical changes associated with fruit development in mango var. namely, 'Raspuri' and 'Alphonso'. Fruit growth was slow initially upto 35 days after fruit set and it rapidly increased further in terms of fruit weight (in 'Alphonso' by 1.5 to 3 folds than that of 'Raspuri') until maturity. The trend in specific gravity of the fruits increased with fruit development and reached the value near to 1.0 at harvest maturity. Therefore, specific gravity of the fruit could be considered as a reliable physical index for harvest maturity. During early stages of fruit growth from 35 to 65 days after fruit set, both peel and stone percentage in both var. increased, thereafter, pulp percentage increased as fruit growth advanced towards maturity. The firmness of the fruit increased and reached a peak 85 days after fruit Set and decreased at maturity. 'Alphonso' had better texture than 'Raspuri' at each stage. Total soluble solids (TSS) to acidity ratio showed an increased trend during fruit development in both the var. At maturity, TSS to acidity ratio reached values between 2.7 and 3.0. Hence, TSS to acidity ratio could also be considered as the reliable chemical index for harvest maturity. Results indicated that the fruits of both the var. took 115 days to reach full maturity and could attain harvest maturity in 110 days after fruit set.


This paper studies the welfare effects of international competition in the market for innovations, and analyzes how competition affects the costs and the benefits of cooperative and non-cooperative R&D subsidies. I set up a two-country quality-ladder growth model where the leader, the home country, has R&D firms innovating in all sectors of the economy, and the follower, the foreign country, shows innovating firms only in a subset of industries. The measure of the set of sectors where R&D workers from both countries compete for innovation determines the scale of international Schumpeterian competition. Both governments engage in a strategic R&D subsidy game and respond optimally to changes in competition. For a given level of subsidies, increases in foreign competition raise the quality of goods available (growth effect) and lowers domestic profits (business-stealing effect); the overall effect of competition on domestic welfare depends on the relative strength of these two counteracting forces. When governments play a strategic subsidy game, increases in foreign competition trigger a defensive innovation policy mechanism that raises the optimal domestic R&D subsidy. Cooperation in subsidies leads both countries to set higher subsidies. Finally, while cooperation is beneficial for the global economy, there exists a threshold level of competition below which the home country experiences welfare losses under cooperation.


The analytical solution of the G-L equation has been presented in the previous paper for the surface-induced precursor effect of phase transitions with an approximate boundary condition, and the precursor effect in Pr metal and A-15 compounds has been discussed in conjunction with the above result. By taking the exact boundary condition, the numerical solution of this problem is calculated for the two cases; (I) polarization in a "paramagnetic" system when external field is present at half space; (II) the overall polarization when there is the over-critical region at surface. These present solutions are compared with the previous analytical solution.


A parameterization has been developed for mean effective size Dge in terms of ice water content (IWC) and temperature using in situ measurements of ice crystal spectra, cloud particle shapes and particle cross‐sectional area A from four research projects conducted in latitudes north of 45° N. The cloud microphysical measurements were made using PMS 2D optical probes, a PMS forward scattering spectrometer probe (FSSP), and Nevzorov total water and liquid water content probes. The IWCs derived from particle spectra using three different methods were compared with IWC measured with the Nevzorov probe (IWCNev). The contribution of small particles to the total mass was estimated by integrating a gamma distribution function that was fitted to match the measured FSSP concentrations. The Dge was calculated from the derived IWC and total cross‐sectional area per unit volume Ac.


The article provides an overview of the effects of the resonant impact of clusters on the ability of mountain areas to adapt to the modern realities of the technological level, as well as the ability to apply innovations, attract investment in the agro-industrial and tourist cluster. A panel of indicators is presented that provides correct comparability of achievements and reflects information for aggregation by various parameters of the economic and geographical indicators of the region: the national environmental rating of the subjects of the North Caucasus Federal District; indicators of sustainable development of the Russian Federation and the North Caucasus Federal District; investment risk of the republics of the North Caucasus Federal District; the main economic and social indicators of the RSO-Alania. It is established that the geoinformation study of the use of a multicomponent indicator of the state of mountain territories is the basis for determining the vector of their further socio-economic development and justifying appropriate management decisions to stabilize economic development. The peculiarity of the approach is the selection of criteria that will be used in the development of mechanisms for the sustainable development of mountain territories according to the target indicators, in accordance with the UN resolution "Transforming our world in the field of sustainable develop-ment for the period up to 2030".


Agreement to promote compliance with international conservation and management measures by fishing vessels on the high seas. Rome, 24 november 1993


functioning of learning disabled elementary and secondary school students in an academic environment. Perhaps an indication of the success of these programs is that a new and growing segment of collegeage youths with special sets of needs has come to the attention of the Wright State University Staff: the learning disabled high school graduates who possess the desire and intellectual capacity to succeed in college but who, because of a specific disability, cannot function without special assistance. It was with this student in mind that Wright State University initiated its experimental program for learning disabled college students in 1974.


this paper an algorithm for speech encryption based on three dimension chaotic maps is proposed. The proposed algorithm consists of three main units: generation of keys, samples substitution and samples permutation process. In order to maximize the benefits of the substitution process, it is performed in two stages with cipher feedback, for the system. Moreover bit-level permutation for sample is introduced as substitution mechanism in the permutation stage. The Lorenz and Rossler chaotic system are employed as generation of keystream used for substitution and permutation process respectively. From the experimental results, it is concluded that the proposed algorithm has the advantages of very low residual intelligibility, key sensitivity and high quality recovered signal, and moreover the proposed algorithm can resist known- plaintext attacks and supports large key space make brute-force attacks infeasible.


Recombinant second chromosomes from dysgenic male hybrids of D. melanogaster have been made homozygous using a Curly balancer chromosome technique. Most of the chromosome homozygotes produced have apparently normal viability. The incidence of newly produced lethals, while as high as 5-10%, is not significantly higher than in non-recombinant chromosomes. Thus male recombination and mutation appear to occur independently of each other, rather than in the same gametes as would be expected if both were simultaneously produced by chromosome breakage and reunion. Furthermore, a summary of recombination clusters over a large series of experiments suggests that reciprocal and non-reciprocal clusters occur with approximately equal frequency. This is in agreement with predictions from a four-strand mitotic recombination model.


Abstract We derive necessary and sufficient conditions for generalized free products of free groups or finitely generated torsion-free nilpotent groups, amalgamating a cycle, to be residually finite p -groups. Using this, we characterize the residually finite p -group property of tree products of finitely generated torsion-free nilpotent groups amalgamating cycles.


The touch panel sensor comprises the following: operating lines formed along a first direction; sensing lines formed along a second direction; a scan signal creating unit for producing scan signals corresponding to at least one scan pulse and outputting operating lines; and a capacitive outputting unit for outputting touched spot by receiving capacitive sensing signals outputted from the sensing lines. When the display device operates display operations, the scan signal creating unit outputs scan signals, and the capacitive outputting unit receives the capacitive sensing signals in data holding time set periodically.


Twelve halves of globe from 3 pairs of adult cadaver eyes were randomly assigned to non-treated control, CWTCP, single MPTCP treatment, or double MPTCP treatments. Four-micron thick histological slides, with 100 micron intervals, were stained with hematoxylin and eosin. Presence and absence of 4 unique histologic changes were scored as split between the non-pigmented and pigmented ciliary process epithelium, separation of pigmented ciliary process epithelium from the stroma, coagulation of collagen and destruction of ciliary process stroma, and destruction of ciliary process epithelium. Fisher's exact tests and logistic regression analysis were used to assess the relationship between the histological lesions and treatment conditions.


From the perspective of data-driven technology, this paper analyzed the practical challenges faced by colleges and universities in the process of realizing the modernization of educational governance, and summarized the implementation path and technical framework from practice, So as to provide a useful reference for colleges and universities to realize the governance modernization. Through research and summary, the implementation path mainly consist of three important components: selecting a reasonable platform architecture, improving data governance services and continuously promoting data governance operations. Finally,take Shandong Youth College of Political Science as an example to carry out practical research and display the case results of data driven governance modernization. It's proved that the implementation path of data driven university governance modernization proposed in this paper is effective.


Railway environments cannot be away from the current evolution of public communication systems. The Long Term Evolution (LTE) mobile communication system is considered to be the natural evolution for current Global System for Mobile Communications Railways (GSM-R). LTE all IP networking technology plays a key role for the integration and convergence of heterogeneous networks and services, both the specific for the railway operative and the commercial broadband ones for passengers. The adoption of a new generation standard for railway communication must be based on an exhaustive feasibility study of the new system to become the railway mobile communication system. In this paper, LTE's top challenges to address the specific requirements and features of railway communication services are evaluated. Under this scope, LTE features to implement the required railway functionalities, LTE technical challenges, spectrum harmonization, network deployment considerations and LTE capabilities to meet the railway service Reliability, Availability, Maintainability and Safety (RAMS) requirements, are assessed.


ARE THESE FILES THE SAME? There are times when I'm given a large collection of files associated with a project, and I need to know what files are duplicates. In other cases, I need to know what the differences are between two files. The Windows commandprompt command FC will perform many different types of file comparisons. However, it is cumbersome to use (particularly if long path names are involved), and certainly less desirable than something supporting a graphical user interface. AptDiff is a simple piece of software that does file comparisons extremely well. It operates under Windows 7, Windows 10, and earlier versions. It allows you to browse to the files you wish to compare, and to set the comparison mode to either text or binary. If any differences are found, the two files are displayed in side-by-side panes with the differences highlighted. There are simple search capabilities. The program can be set to ignore spaces, leading and trailing spaces, case, and blank lines. It is easy to change one of the files being compared if you want to compare one file to a series of other files. This is one of those nice, simple pieces of software that does one thing and does it well. One of the nicest features is that it is available for free. It can be downloaded f rom several sites, including https://www.softpedia .com/get/System/File -Management /AptDif f .shtml and https://download.cnet.com/ AptDiff/3000-2248_4-10699723.html.


A movable-blade variable-speed type wind turbine comprises an engine compartment (107) and a wind blade-driving assembly (130) positioned on the upper portion of the engine compartment (107). The wind blade-driving assembly (130) consists of a wind wheel (102) and a vertical axis rotation system (101). The wind wheel (102) comprises a plurality of wind blades and a wind-blade support on the vertical axis rotation system (101). The wind-blade support consists of an upper support (109) and a lower support (108) arranged laterally to the vertical axis rotation system (101). The upper end and lower end of the wind blades are connected to the upper holder (109) and lower holder (108), respectively. The wind blades consist of lift-type blades (103) arranged on the wind-blade support and a movable-blade group (114,117). The lift-type blades (103) have extensions (110,120) in their longitudinal direction. The movable-blade group (114,117) is rotatably connected to the lift-type blades (103) or their extensions (110,120).


The electrochemical synthesis of nanowires with wellcontrolled lengths and diameters is the basis of the application of one-dimensional nanostructures in more sophisticated electronic device systems. In particular Metal/Oxide/Metal (MOM) nanowire arrays could represent the building blocks of the new Resistive switching Random Access non-volatile Memories (ReRAM) [1]. The functioning of such memories is based on the switching between high and low conductive states under applied electrical pulses. Whereas the resistive switching behavior of MOM thin films has been widely investigated, a better characterization and understanding of switching phenomena at the nanoscale is still required. In the present study, the electrochemical synthesis and resistive switching characterization of single MOM heterojunctions nanowires (NWs) are addressed. MOM NW arrays were fabricated by electrodeposition of Au/Ni/Au multilayers into free standing Anodic Aluminum Oxide (AAO) templates with a well-controlled pore diameters ranging from 20 to 60 nm, followed by mechanical and chemical polishing of the AAO template. In-situ thermal oxidation of the Ni segment is achieved without dissolving the AAO matrix. The electrodeposition of Ni and Au was carried out both in direct current (60 nm diameter) and pulses plating (20 nm) conditions from sulphate-based and cyanide-based electrolytes, respectively. Mechanical and chemical polishing of the resulting AAO templates was performed in order to expose the NW from the AAO template surface, allowing the electrical characterization of the NW array. Thermal oxidation was carried out on NWs still embedded into AAO template at 300 °C in air for 6 hours. Structure and morphology of the heterojunction NWs embedded into the AAO matrix were characterized by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), High Resolution Transmission Electron Microscopy (HR-TEM, performed after dissolution of the AAO matrix), X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) and Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM). The resistive switching properties of a single Au/NiO/Au nanowire heterojunction were addressed using the conductive probe of an Atomic Force Microscope (CAFM). Au/NiO/Au (NiO 20-800 nm) NW arrays (Figure 1) were obtained by controlling the Ni deposition times into the AAO templates, followed by thermal oxidation of the Ni segment into polycrystalline fcc NiO. In Figure 2 the AFM image of Au/Ni/Au NW array after polishing is reported: the NWs protrude out of the AAO surface for about 10 nm. After the oxidation treatment the conductive probe of an AFM was used to electrically contact the upper Au segment electrode. A scheme of the experimental set-up for C-AFM measurements of single Au/NiO/Au nanowire is reported in Figure 3. Preliminary analyses show that C-AFM can electrically resolve single Au/NiO/Au nanowire which exhibits unipolar switching behavior between two different resistance states. This approach allows to synthesize (Au/Ni)n multilayered NWs as shown in Figure 4 simply by alternating Au and Ni electrodeposition and could be useful for 3D multilevel Re-RAM synthesis. The synthesis of Au/NiO/Ni/Au nanowires heterostructures is also addressed by growing directly Ni onto NiO in order to clarify the effect of different metal electrodes on the switching behavior. This work was partially supported by Fondazione Cariplo (MORE Project n°2009-2711).


From the Departments of Neurology ( J.I.S.), Radiology (R.W.T.), and Neurosurgery (W.R.S.), University Hospitals of Cleveland, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland. Address reprint requests to Dr. Suarez at the Department of Neurology, Neurosciences Critical Care and Cerebrovascular Center, University Hospitals of Cleveland, Case Western Reserve University, 11100 Euclid Ave., Cleveland, OH 44106, or at email@example.com.


Diethyl 2-[(dimethylamino)methylene]-3-oxopentanedioate (2), prepared from acetone- 1,3-dicarboxylates (1) and N,N-dimethylformamide dimethyl acetal (DMFDMA) was, without isolation, transformed by treatment with guanidine hydrochloride into ethyl 2-amino-4-(2-ethoxycarbonylmethyl)-pyrimidine-5-carboxylate (3). Compound 3 was transformed with DMFDMA first into intermediate 4 and with an excess of DMFDMA into ethyl 4-[l-(dimethylamino)-3-ethoxy-3-oxoprop-1-en-2-yl]-2-[(dimethylamino)methyle neamino]pyrimidine-5-carboxylate (5). By treatment of compound 5 with ammonia, primary amines, hydrazine or hydroxylamine intermediates 6a-j were formed, which cyclized into 6-substituted 2-amino-5-oxo-5,6-dihydropyrido[4,3-d]pyridine-8- carboxylates (7a-j).


The paper estimates the technical efficiency and the relationship between farm size and productivity efficiency. Field survey data of 461 farmers from district Pulwama of Jammu & Kashmir (India) for the year 2013-14 were used to estimate the technical efficiency by employing Non-parametric Data Envelopment Analysis. Average technical efficiency worked out to be 48%. Most of the farms were operating at low level of technical efficiency. There was also wide dispersion in technical efficiency across farm categories. Farm size and productivity efficiency relationship was found to be non-linear, with efficiency first falling and then rising with size. Large farms tend to have higher net farm income per acre and are technically efficient compared to other small farm size categories. The study further delineated the socio-economic, institutional and farm factors of technical efficiency using Two-limit Tobit Regression Model. The results showed that Occupation, Farm Experience, Household Size, Farm Size, Membership and Seed Type were found to be important determents that influence the discrepancies in technical efficiency across farm sizes. Policymakers should, therefore, foster the development of the socio-economic, institutional and farm specific factors in order to build the capacity and management skills of the farmers.


Up to now, the expression of the tumor‐associated Thomsen‐Friedenreich (TF) antigen in colorectal carcinoma has not been thoroughly investigated with particular emphasis on its correlation with established clinicopathologic characteristics and classifications as well as its prognostic relevance.


: Dynamic modelling has long been used to understand fundamental principles of cell signalling and its dysregulation in cancer. More recently, these models have also been used to understand the individual risks of cancer patients, and predict their survival probabilities. However, the current methodologies for integrating tumour data and generating patient-specific simulations suffer from the lack of general applicability; they only work for cell signalling models in which only posttranslational protein modifications are considered, so that the total protein concentrations are conserved. Here, we present novel, generally applicable method. The method is based on a simple theoretical framework for modelling gene-regulation, and the indirect estimation of patient-specific parameters from tumour data. Because our method does not require time-invariance of the total-protein concentrations, it can be applied to models of any nature, including the many cancer signalling models involving gene-regulation. Abstract: Dynamic modelling has long been used to understand fundamental principles of cell signalling and its dysregulation in cancer. More recently, these models have also been used to understand the individual risks of cancer patients, and predict their survival probabilities. However, the current methodologies for integrating tumour data and generating patient-specific simulations suffer from the lack of general applicability; they only work for cell signalling models in which only posttranslational protein modifications are considered, so that the total protein concentrations are conserved. Here, we present novel, generally applicable method. The method is based on a simple theoretical framework for modelling gene-regulation, and the indirect estimation of patient-specific parameters from tumour data. Because our method does not require time-invariance of the total-protein concentrations, it can be applied to models of any nature, including the many cancer signalling models involving gene-regulation. Abstract: Dynamic modelling has long been used to understand fundamental principles of cell signalling and its dysregulation in cancer. More recently, these models have also been used to understand the individual risks of cancer patients, and predict their survival probabilities. However, the current methodologies for integrating tumour data and generating patient-specific simulations suffer from the lack of general applicability; they only work for cell signalling models in which only posttranslational protein modifications are considered, so that the total protein concentrations are conserved. Here, we present novel, generally applicable method. The method is based on a simple theoretical framework for modelling gene-regulation, and the indirect estimation of patient-specific parameters from tumour data. Because our method does not require time-invariance of the total-protein concentrations, it can be applied to models of any nature, including the many cancer signalling models involving gene-regulation. Abstract: Dynamic modelling has long been used to understand fundamental principles of cell signalling and its dysregulation in cancer. More recently, these models have also been used to understand the individual risks of cancer patients, and predict their survival probabilities. However, the current methodologies for integrating tumour data and generating patient-specific simulations suffer from the lack of general applicability; they only work for cell signalling models in which only posttranslational protein modifications are considered, so that the total protein concentrations are conserved. Here, we present novel, generally applicable method. The method is based on a simple theoretical framework for modelling gene-regulation, and the indirect estimation of patient-specific parameters from tumour data. Because our method does not require time-invariance of the total-protein concentrations, it can be applied to models of any nature, including the many cancer signalling models involving gene-regulation.


The LHC data implies that the newly discovered Higgs boson h may be sterile (highly SM-like). In supersymmetric SMs (SSMs), Higgs couplings are often modified by Higgs mixing and stop loop corrections, so we study the Higgs sterility in the Higgs and stop sectors in two SSMs: (I) The Minimal SSM (MSSM). In the nearly decoupling region, the doublet-doublet mixing effect can only enhance C_{hb\bar b} by 2m_Z^2/M_A^2. Sterility places M_A\gtrsim 900 GeV. But it hardly constrains the stop sector due to the heaviness of Higgs boson mass m_h; (II) The next to MSSM(NMSSM). In the presence of doublet-singlet mixing, the mixing structure is complicated. We find a simple approximation to understand Higgs sterility and its implications, says the amount of pushing-up m_h\lesssim 5 GeV while the pulling-down scenario is favored. Stops can be light here, so Higgs sterility significantly constrains them directly and indirectly except for blind spots. We also study the LHC features of the whole stop sector facing a sterile Higgs and find that, in virtue of decays between stops and sbottom, characteristic signatures like same-sign leptons and multi b-jets are promising probes.


Summary

Using enrichment techniques, it was possible to isolate clostridia from marine sediments collected from 10 stations in the North Sea. Of the total number of isolates Clostridium bifermentans constituted 47% and Cl. welchii 21%, while Cl. sordellii constituted 18%. The remainder were unknown species. Evidence of cellulolysis was obtained, but no organism has as yet been isolated. No psychrophilic anaerobes were found.


[Objective] To partially purify Platanus acerifolid of Wild pollen allergen and analyze the immunocompetence of its major proteins. [Methods] The Platanus pollen allergens extracts were purified by gel filtration with Sephadex-G-100 and the major proteins were collected. The molecular weight (MW) of major protein was tested by sodium dodecylsulfate-polyacrylamide (SDS-PAGE) gel electrophoresis and the immunocompetence of its main proteins were analyzed by immunoblotting with sera of seven asthmatic patients allergic to Platanus pollen allergen specifically. [Results] Two elution peaks were collected after gel filtration. The first peak and the ascending branch of the second peak had plenty of proteins whereas the descending branch of the second peak had little proteins. The major proteins were tested by SDS-PAGE and the results showed six protein bands with the MW were 71, 50, 35, 39, 22 and 16 kd. On SDS-PAGE, the proteins of the first peak were major in 22 to 71 kd and that of the ascending part of second peak were mainly in 14 to 16 kd. The results of immunoblotting analysis with seven asthmatic patients' sera showed 4 strip of IgG-binding components whose MW were 50, 39, 22 and 16 kd and the percentages of its combination with patient's sera were 100%, 28.57%, 57.14%, 14.29% respectively. [Conclusion] The Platanus pollen allergen had six kinds of main proteins and the proteins of 50, 39, 22 kd in the first peak were the major allergenic components and that of 16 kd in ascending part of second peak was the minor allergenic components.


Having employees who are willing to request employer-sponsored disability accommodations is a necessary prerequisite for the successful provision of needed accommodations. This research examines th...


E-commerce is a relatively new phenomenon. One of the basic tenets of e-commerce is the way transactions, processes and customers are distributed, therefore, the role of teams/groups in such an environment can be crucial. In this research, we look at the literature on the interactions of teams/groups with inter-organizational information systems and telecommunications to hypothesize about the role and functionality of e-commerce. This paper can be of value to researchers, in that it will help them identify core areas of research that are yet to be undertaken, and to practitioners who may gain from these findings by recognizing the importance of teams relative to various e-commerce functions.


POLICY PAPER ABSTRACT Azerbaijan is a reliable partner in the energy security issue for the oil importer countries. Country has sufficiently traditional energy resources which already invested on this energy sector. However, country geographical location gives opportunity in order to use the alternative and renewable energy resources which helps to keep the balance of the utilization of energy resources. The energy security is also main important issue for the country. Therefore, country broaden the relation with the EU in the context of EU energy security and EaP partnership countries.


A low-cost procedure utilizing an acoustical digitizer and a minicomputer to prepare National Resources Inventory (NRI) data for secondary use as material for ground-truthing satellite-collected data is described. A labor-intensive aspect of processing satellite-collected data is the making of ground surveys to determine what land cover is portrayed by a given picture "color" from space. The procedure described covers entering the locational aspects of NRI sample points for later comparisons of satellite data and collected NRI data.


It took nearly 13.8 billion years for the universe to transform into what we humans see today. From the beginning of space and time, the formation of stars, life emerging on Earth, and finally us, human beings living on this planet. Life has unfolded from microorganisms to intelligent beings capable of thinking, communicating, and building new tools and technologies. From here, there are numerous possibilities of what the future holds for us. Human population and activities that demand natural resources will continue to grow tremendously exacerbating climate change and driving the scarcity of fundamental resources like clean water. Or we can be proactive and endorse ways to construct a sustainable global environment for everyone. The choice lies in our hands and depends on the human race unanimously and collectively deciding which direction to go. Sustainability should be a priority; fortunately, organizations and individuals are acting conclusively toward this goal. In 2015 United Nations Member States adopted the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development, which proposes a need for peace and prosperity for people and the planet, now and into the future. It contains "17 Sustainable Development Goals" that emphasize 17 different areas to address for a more sustainable world. These goals include issues related to poverty, hunger, health, education, gender equality, clean water and sanitization, affordable and clean energy, economic growth, industry and innovation, inequalities, sustainable cities and communities, responsible production and consumption, climate action, life below water, life on land, peace and justice, and partnerships for the goals. Technology plays a huge role in achieving these sustainability goals, from spreading social awareness to actually implementing ways for increased sustenance. Investing more in research, coming up with efficient technologies, decreasing dependence on nonrenewable resources, developing eco-friendly hardware, targeting zero-carbon emissions, and such actions are requisites to drive our future to a more peaceful and prosperous one. Novel explorations in technology, along with social changes and increased individual sense of responsibilities can, in my opinion, bring sustainability and hopefully save our planet. —Tejas Morkar


The COVID-19 recovered individuals with one or two dose of Sputnik vaccine had relatively higher antibody response in comparison to the naïve individuals received either one or two doses of Sputnik vaccine. The study demonstrated the robust humoral immune response among vaccinees.


Primary pulmonary hypertension (PPH) is a life-threatening disease that mostly affects young adults, more commonly women than men. It is characterized by vasoconstriction of the small pulmonary arteries, proliferation in all layers of the vessel wall, thrombosis-in situ, and inflammation. Serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine, 5-HT) is thought to play a role in the pathogenesis of PPH, in part, because it is a pulmonary vasoconstrictor1 and smooth muscle mitogen.2,3 It is synthesized from l-tryptophan, primarily in the enterochromaffin cells of the small intestine. In the blood, 5-HT is mainly transported in the platelets, some are bound to plasma proteins, and only nanomolar concentrations are free in the plasma. The importance of the lungs in the removal of 5-HT from the blood has been known for more than 50 years.4 As much as 95% may be taken up or inactivated.5 5-HT is taken up by the 5-HT transporter (5-HTT) in several cells including platelets, neurons, and pulmonary artery smooth muscle and endothelial cells. 5-HTT belongs to a large 12 transmembrane–domain gene family including the norepinephine transporter, glucose transporters, and transporters of other neurotransmitters. The amino acid sequence of cloned human 5-HTT reveals 6 putative phosphorylation sites, targets for PKA and PKC, which may activate 5-HTT. The Figure shows some of the cellular signaling pathways involving 5-HTT and 5-HT receptors.

Schematic representation of serotonin (5-HT) signaling pathways in pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells (PASMCs). Activation of serotonin receptors 5-HT1B, 5-HT2A, and 5-HT2B cause vasoconstriction, although 5-HT2B is also implicated in the mitogenic action of 5-HT. 5-HT1B activates the Gi G-protein, which suppresses the activity of adenylate cyclase (AC). AC normally increases the level of cytosolic cAMP, which activates the protein …


Motivated by the problem of flow in collapsible tubes, we analyse the flows that develop in the cross sections of fluidconveying pipes whose walls perform high-frequency oscillations. Using numerical and asymptotic methods, we show that the velocity perturbations induced by the wall oscillation are dominated by their transverse components. The transverse velocity field consists of an inviscid core flow and thin Stokes layers near the wall. The total viscous dissipation is shown to depend sensitively on the mode shapes of the wall oscillation.


Since the reform and opening,there has witnessed rapid development in Chinese economy.With the improvement of living standards,travel turns out to be a good choice for people to relax themselves and have a holiday.The sound development of travel brings the travel market dealing into focus in China.


Lead pollution contributes 2% to environmental health and is found in air, dust, soil, and water. The presence of lead on the urban surface can put at risk human health and hinder sustainable urban development. The existing strategies are not feasible to remediate lead from the urban surface due to heavy infrastructure, long-term monitoring, and less space availability. Therefore, the magnetic nanocomposite-system is designed to remove lead from the urban surface regardless of contaminated sites within a short period of time and is immediately applicable. The magnetic nanocomposite is synthesized by hydrothermal treatment and has plenty of hydroxyl and carboxyl functional groups with mesoporous surfaces. The results showed that the leadremoval efficiency exceeded 97% even at a high concentration of 300 mg/L. pH has no significant effect on the removal efficiency. Also, it has shown stability and removal efficiency over 96% even after five reuse cycles. The proposed mechanism for the implication and separation of the magnetic nanocomposite system for the in-situ remediation approach has also highlighted the various applicable sites.


In order to meet the requirements of flexible HVDC transmission project and improve the current density of single IGBT chip, the design and optimization of 4500V edge termination structure were carried out. A VLD edge termination structure and a multi-step field plate plus field-limiting ring (MFPFLR) edge termination structure were designed by TCAD simulation software. The influence of Si/SiO2 interface charge on the edge termination structure was simulated and studied. And the breakdown voltage characteristic curve and potential distribution of the two edge termination structures were compared. Finally, the MFPFLR edge termination has better characteristics, and was verified on a 4500V IGBT chip. The test results show that the 4500V IGBT chip with two different edge termination structures meet the design expectation, and the key parameters of 4500V IGBT chip with MFPFLR edge termination structure were significantly optimized compared with VLD edge termination structure.


The problem which concerns us may be stated as follows: A digital computer receives information about a plane black-and-white pattern, and is to decide on the basis of this infoim~ation whether the pattern is "similar", in some sense to be specified below, to a given prototype. It is usually assumed that the patterns considered are of bounded size, say each contained in a given rectangle. Thus a pattern may be defined as any subset of the points in the rectangle, namely, the subset of "black" points. The information given to the computer must be of finite length; usually the rectangle is covered by a finite number of cells, and the information to the computer amounts to signals indicating whether any given cell is white or black. Patterns used as prototypes may be, for example, a ring, the letter "A", or the like. The recognition of alphabetic and numerical characters is of particular practical importance. What constitutes "similarity" varies widely from ease to case, and the methods which the machine uses in recognizing similarity must vary accordingly. To give two extreme examples, one might call two patterns similar only if they agree point for point (or rather, cell for cell) ; or else, one might admit as similar two patterns which are topo-logically equivalent (after defining a suitable topology in the space of cells), so that e.g. any simple closed curve would be called similar to a circle. 3/fany intermediate definitions are possible. In particular, for the recognition of printed characters one will wish to admit as similar two patterns if they differ at most in the following respects: (A) Location (B) Size (C) "Stretching" and "Squeezing" in either X-or Y-direction. Mathematically , these are affine transformations preserving the X-and Y-directions, i.e., transformations of the form X* = aX + b, Y* = cY + d. The special ease a = c = 1 corresponds to translations, i.e. to (A). (D) While one might consider rotation through a small angle as admissible, rotations through large angles are obviously not; e.g. the characters "6" and "9" should be recognized as different. It seems preferable to omit rotation entirely and admit in its place "slanting" such as occurs in italic type by comparison with roman. Mathematically, this is characterized as an affine transformation which leaves the points of the X-axis fixed. Combinations of the transformations (A) and (D) ex-240


The aim of this paper is to establish the existence of infin- itely many solutions for perturbed eigenvalue elliptic Neumann problems involving the p-Laplacian. To be precise, we show that an appropriate os- cillating behaviour of the nonlinear term, even under small perturbations, ensures again the existence of infinitely many solutions.


The present paper sums up the practice and experience in reforming education resources and teaching models in Guangzhou University, and discusses how to develop and optimize the teaching system in the local university.


Abstract : The fission track detection in fission foil/glass combinations avoids most of the disadvantages of the conventional methods (nuclear track evaluations and activation foils) for integrating neutron measurements. These systems are insensitive to gamma radiation, temperature, climatic and chemical disturbances, easy to evaluate, have no directional dependence, an extended dose and energy range, superior accuracy, etc. The method has been investigated, using different dosimeter glasses, etching conditions, fissionable materials and neutron energies between thermal and 14 MeV. The fission track detection efficiency is 100%, the sensitivity for fissionable metals thicker than ca. 5 microns is 0.000013 tracks/neutron/barn. Simple evaluation techniques and practical applications, mainly for fast neutron personnel dosimetry, are described. (Author)


This note presents results from Granger-causality tests on 22 Asian, Latin American and Caribbean developing economies in an attempt to distinguish between competing hypotheses regarding the role of financial deepening in economic growth. The results suggest that in many cases financial deepening does not make much difference to economic growth: for eight countries no lead-lag relationship was detected and in six more economic growth led financial deepening. However, to the extent that financial deepening does make a difference, it is more likely to promote economic growth than to retard it.


Power transistors based on gallium nitride (GaN) enable power electronic switches to operate at much higher switching frequencies compared to those based on silicon (Si). In this work, using TCAD simulations, we show that GaN-based high electron mobility transistors (HEMTs) can be optimized to have effectively reduced undesirable parasitic capacitances to greatly improve both the high transconductance and current gain cutoff frequency simultaneously. We report a new generation of high performance AlGaN/GaN HEMTs grown on high resistivity SiC substrates. We map out to evaluate small signal and large signal device performances against technological parameters such as the gate length, field plate length and the source-drain contact separation. The device with a gate length of $\mathbf{0.25}\mu\mathbf{m}$ and field plate length of $\mathbf{0.3}\mu\mathbf{m}$ exhibits a maximum dc drain current density of 3.66 A/mm at $\mathbf{V}_{\mathbf{GS}}=3\mathbf{V}$ with an extrinsic transconductance of 233.6 mS/mm and an extrinsic current gain cut-off frequency $(\mathbf{f}_{\mathbf{t}})$ of 78.9 GHz.


We have measured the plasma concentrations of sex steroids and sex hormone‐ binding globulin (SHBG) in twenty‐three massively obese women and ten age‐matched lean female volunteers. In the obese women increased plasma testosterone (obese 3·2 ± 0·5 nmol/1 controls 1·7 ± 0·5 nmol/1, P < 0·3) and androstenedione concentrations (obese 9·7 ± 1·2 nmol/1, controls 4·4 ± 0·6 nmol/1, P= < 0·01) an increased ratio of oestrone:oestradiol (obese 2·4 ± 0·4, controls 1·0 ± 0·1, P= < 0·1) and decreased SHBG levels (obese 30 ± 4 nmol/1, controls 60 + 8 nmol/1, P= <0·001) were found. Obesity differed from the polycystic ovary syndrome (in which a similar pattern of changes of sex steroid concentrations and binding are seen) in that it was associated with normal increases in serum luteinizing hormone (LH) follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) levels in response to the administration of LHRH. We conclude that the common occurrence of menstrual abnormalities in obesity results from abnormal secretion and binding of sex steroids. In addition, the unaltered secretion of LH and FSH in the presence of such changes is evidence for a disorder of hypothalamic function.


In this article, a novel design method of multiband bandpass filters (BPFs) which have flexibly tunable center frequencies is presented by using T‐shaped stub‐loaded step‐impedance resonators (SLSIRs)' multimode characteristics. By controlling the impedance ratios and the length ratios of the T‐shaped open stubs, the center frequencies of a multiband BPF can be decided. To verify the effectiveness of the proposed method, a 1.34/2.2/3.3/4.5 GHz quad‐band filter using split‐ring based on SLSIRs is designed, fabricated, and measured. The proposed filter is composed of a pair of tri‐section T‐shaped open stubs transmission lines, which form a folded split‐ring. By controlling the impedance ratios, the length ratios of the open stubs and the width of the gap of the folded split resonance loop, the quad‐band center frequencies are flexibly tunable. Owing to the 0° feed structure, seven transmission zeros can be realized near the pass‐band for enhancing the selectivity. The measured results show good agreement with the theory and the EM simulation.


The structural evolution of electrochemically prelithiated Fe2O3 nanoparticles confined in carbon nanotubes (CNTs) during lithium insertion/extraction is studied by in situ transmission electron microscopy. It is found that the aggregation and coarsening of Fe core‐containing Li2O (Fe@Li2O) nanograins formed during the charge process are prevented by the spatial restriction of the CNTs. A high reversible capacity of 2071 mA h g−1 for the encapsulated Fe2O3 nanoparticles in CNTs is demonstrated when the material is used as the anode of lithium ion batteries. This is the highest reversible capacity ever reported for an Fe2O3 electrode. The significantly improved lithium storage capacity of the Fe2O3 nanoparticles is attributed to the extra lithium storage due to the enhanced interfacial lithium storage and reversible reaction of LiOH to form LiH and solid‐electrolyte‐interphase conversion originating from the nanoconfinement of CNTs as well as the very small particle size of the Fe@Li2O nanograins and their good electrical contact with CNTs.


The new uncertain geopolitical context has had a far-reaching impact, including on European Union (EU) humanitarian aid. The EU has faced a rising number of terrorist attacks across Europe that has created an atmosphere of fear, while the United Kingdom (UK)'s decision to withdraw from the EU has challenged the European project as we know it. The EU institutions and its Member States, as well as international institutions have been challenged in their response to refugees seeking asylum, and to the humanitarian crises in the Mediterranean. Equally, the election of President Trump has ushered in a new era of United States (US) unilateralism, creating a gap on the global agenda.


The main objective of this study was to compare the adequacy of various multitemporal image compositing algorithms to produce composite images suitable for burned area analysis. Satellite imagery from the NOAA Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR) from three different regions (Portugal, central Africa, and South America) were used to compare six algorithms, two of which involve the sequential application of two criteria. Performance of the algorithms was assessed with the Jeffries-Matusita distance, to quantify spectral separability of the burned and unburned classes in the composite images. The ability of the algorithms to avoid the retention of cloud shadows was assessed visually with red-green-blue colour composites, and the level of radiometric speckle in the composite images was quantified with the Moran's I spatial autocorrelation statistic. The commonly used NDVI maximum value compositing procedure was found to be the least appropriate to produce composites to be used for burned area mapping, from all standpoints. The best spectral separability is provided by the minimum channel 2 (m2) compositing approach which has, however, the drawback of retaining cloud shadows. A two-criterion approach which complements m2 with maximization of brightness temperature in a subset of the data (m2M4) is considered the better method.


Objective: To compare an individualized dosing regimen for Meropenem to conventional dosing for pseudomonas aeruginosa infection in elderly patients,assess the efficacy of two methods,and safety.Methods: 110 Bacterial culture confirmed Pseu-domonas aeruginosa infection in hospitalized patients,were randomly divided into two groups by the usual dose and formula,evaluation of two methods of Meropenem efficacy and safety.Results: Individual dosing of meropenem with the average drug 0.8 g/12 h compared to the conventional low-dose group with 1.0 g/12 h.The effective individual dose group was 78.2 %,63.6 % of conventional dose group,the difference was no significant(P0.05).Mild adverse reactions were higher in the individualized dosing group than the conventional dosing group(P0.05),liver dysfunction did not occur in both groups,conventional dose of meropenem had a certain influence on renal function,individual dosing of meropenem could reduce Conclusios: Meropenem individual administration can be effective in ensuring control of Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection,and reduce the the influence on renal function.


Medical folklore is one of important contents of the folklore study.As one of ethnic minorities in China,medical folklore of She nationality has its own characteristics.In Fujian and Zhejiang,She nationality has a unique style of medical folklore.


Purpose
Metal plates are usually used as protective shields of engineering structures, which probably undergo multiple projectile impacts resulting from gunshot and blast. Though a large number of studies have been conducted on the performance of metal plates under a single projectile impact, few studies have explored their performance under multiple projectile impacts. This paper aims to explore the performance of Weldox 460 E steel plates against multiple projectile impacts through numerical simulation.

Design/methodology/approach
A three-dimensional coupled finite element (FE) and smoothed particle hydrodynamics (SPH) model was developed to simulate the perforation of a 12-mm-thick Weldox 460 E steel plate by an ogival projectile. The model was verified by existing experimental data. Then, it was extended to investigate the same target plate subjected to impacts with multiple projectiles. Simultaneous impacts with different number of projectiles, as well as sequential impacts with two projectiles, were considered.

Findings
Effects of spacing between projectiles on residual velocity of projectile, ballistic limit and failure mode of target were revealed for simultaneous impacts. Effects of spacing and axial distance between projectiles on residual velocity of projectile were explored for sequential impacts.

Originality/value
This work developed an advanced FE–SPH model to simulate perforation of steel plates by multiple projectiles, and revealed the effects of multiple impacts on ballistic performance of steel plates. It provides guidance for the design of protective structures/shields in various engineering applications.


To discuss the network planning of road in industrial park, e.g. position, technical grade, scheme comparison, guesstimation of invest benefit and completion term; road afforestation planning etc.


It was proved with two different methods,that afunction expressed in terms of the solution of a multidimensionalbackward stochastic equation is indeed a unique viscosity solutionof a certain qusilinear parabolic partial differential equation.


During the last decade there has been a concern for transportation of the elderly. Many elderly relocate to the suburbs late in their lives for a number of reasons. They may simply choose and be able to afford the moves or they may find that circumstances dictate a move due to the limited choice of housing that is available. Many suburban communities have constructed housing for the elderly because it is one way of meeting requirements of the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development to provide housing for the low-income population. This paper will discuss two aspects of the problems of moving to a suburban area. The first deals with the general travel needs, how they change, and how they are coped with. The second aspect will deal with how their lives may change as they continue to age and how such changes will affect their transport needs.


We propose a model of spatial memory implemented in a Spiking Neural Network (SNN) and test it on a robot moving in an environment with neutral and harmful regions. Neurons in the SNN play the role of place cells, and their population dynamics determines the robot movements. We show that STDP rearranges the couplings in the SNN and forms spatial memory similar to cognitive maps associated with the negative experience. Then, the robot learns to avoid harmful zones.


The experiment was undertaken to study on Identification of donor for seed yield and yield attributing traits in pigeon pea. The experimental material consisted of 12 parents vies 7 lines x 5 testers in randomized block design for 12 characters viz. days to flowering initiation, days to 50% flowering, days to maturity, plant height (cm), number of primary branches per plant, number of pod clusters per plant, number of pods per cluster, number of pods per plant, pod length (cm), number of seeds per pod, 100 seed weight (g), seed yield per plant (g) and others components in pigeon pea improvement breeding has been the basic requirement is general combining ability effect. In the present investigation, a wide range of variability observed for nearly all the traits viz. number of pods per plant, days to maturity, number of pod clusters per plant, days to 50% flowering, plant height and seed yield per plant. The studies general combining ability also provides information about the good combiners for pigeon pea breeding program with yield and vigours plant in the expression of various characters.


This paper examines the possibility of application of the activity-based
 costing in a company engaged in drying fruit. Activity Based Costing (ABC)
 was developed due to the shortcomings of traditional cost accounting systems,
 which was shown to have serious limitations, on one hand, and due to the need
 for more accurate cost price, on the other. This is of great importance for
 business decision making, which requires quality data and information,
 because the intense technical and technological progress has significantly
 altered the environment companies operate in. Along with this fact, major
 changes in cost structure occurred, which reflected through the increase of
 the indirect cost portion, and decrease of direct labor and material costs.
 Traditional cost accounting methods allocate indirect production costs using
 keys which are no longer appropriate for the new circumstances, and therefore
 typically allocate unreasonably high amount of indirect costs to those
 products which are produced in larger series. ABC cost accounting system
 firstly allocates indirect costs to pre-defined activities, and afterwards
 carries them to cost and profit drivers. The application of ABC costing in
 Serbia is at the very beginning. Having in mind that the privatization and
 the restructuring phase in the economy is followed by the establishment of a
 new management with fresh ideas, this can be a good timing for companies to
 introduce modern approach and modern methods of cost accounting. ABC method
 is very convenient for application in service companies, food processing
 industry, confectionery companies, driers, sugar refineries, breweries,
 dairies, mills etc. [Projekat Ministarstva nauke Republike Srbije, br. III
 46001, Razvoj i primena novih i tradicionalnih tehnologija u proizvodnji
 konkurentnih prehrambenih proizvoda sa dodatom vrednoscu na evropsko i
 svetsko tržiste - Stvorimo bogatstvo iz bogatstva Srbije]


It is reported that in the digital environment the case of recognizing motion, which is non-linguistic communication, for natural interaction between human and machine is increasing. The motion, as apposed to the non-intuitive input unit such as mouse, keyboard and remote control, is expected to be used effectively in the interaction with machine since it is deeply related to human's thinking and behavior. This project, therefore, will show the type of the 'motion' that anyone can intuitively and commonly use beyond the society and its language, and consider the way that it can be developed to be a 'motion' that is adapted into easy and intuitive interface in order to increase its usage and amusement in the TV device. Especially, it will analyze the examples of human communication through the motions like hand signal, sign language, and dance over the period of time in cultures, and will extract the motions that can be used in communication between human and machine by finding the common element of the symbol. This paper will explain the joint motion which everyone has the same in structure even though the physical condition changes, as well as the four elements of 'effort' - space, time, weight and flow-, which Laban suggested. It is because if we recognize the joint motion, we will be able to infer the person's gesture that is in front of the screen. Previous study shows that there were a lot of researches done based on technology and engineering for the natural cognition, while there were not many done about what type of motion is easily and well used by users, how we should evaluate the characters of the motions, and how we should adopt them skillfully. This paper, therefore, will present the ways of creating easier and more convenient intuitive interface environment for our users.


In this research, we propose group dynamics that promotes cooperative behavior in the so-called Social Dilemmas and enhances the performance of systems. If cooperative behavior among self-interest individuals is established, effective distribution of resources and useful allocation of tasks based on coalition formation can be realized. In order to realize group dynamics, we extend the partner choice mechanisms for 2-IPD to that for N-person Dilemma game. Furthermore, we propose group split based on metanorm. As a result of simulations with an evolutionary approach, we confirm i) the establishment and maintain of cooperation, and ii) the enhancement of the performance of the systems consisting of self-interest players by group dynamics based on mutual choice in the Social Dilemmas.


Reaction of the trivalent uranium complexes (C5Me5)2UI(THF) (1), (C5Me5)2U[N(SiMe3)2] (3), (C5Me5)2U(NPh2)(THF) (4), and (C5Me5)2U(O-2,6-iPr2-C6H3)(THF) (5) with copper(I) iodide affords the corresponding tetravalent uranium diiodide, amide iodide, and aryloxide iodide complexes (C5Me5)2UI2 (2), (C5Me5)2U[N(SiMe3)2](I) (6), (C5Me5)2U(NPh2)(I) (7) and (C5Me5)2U(O-2,6-iPr2-C6H3)(I) (8), respectively. This protocol was also extended to the synthesis of the alkyl iodide complex (C5Me5)2U(CHPh2)(I) (10). The isolation of complex 10 from the in situ generated trivalent uranium alkyl complex (C5Me5)2U(CHPh2)(THF) (9) illustrates the synthetic value of this oxidation procedure in those situations where the uranium(III) metallocene complex cannot be isolated or is unstable. Overoxidation and ligand redistribution are not observed with this Cu-based UIII → UIV oxidation procedure. Attempted functionalization of the UIV amide iodide complex (C5Me5)2U[N(SiMe3)2](I) (6) with Me2Mg afforded the novel azametallacycle (C...


IN recent reports Simmons, Tindale and Birdsell (1962) and Simmons, Graydon and Tindale (1964) have discussed fully possible reasons for the marked differences found in blood group gene frequencies in Australian aborigines of Bentinck, Mornington and Forsyth Islands of the Wellesley Islands, and in mainlanders of various tribes in the region of the Gulf of Carpentaria, with respect to their ABO, MNS and Rh blood groups. It was considered that the gene frequencies of the Bentinck Islanders, which are unique for Australian aborigines, were largely produced by random genetic drift, with its largest impact in the initial " founder " generation. The present study extends the investigations made on these populations and reports findings in relation to serum haptoglobins, transferrins, cholinesterase types, haemoglobins and erythrocyte glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase.


Moving independently is very important for most of the people in daily life. Exoskeletons can help disabled people to gain this capability again. Designing these assistive technologies, it is important to take into account that unperturbed motions barely exist. Therefore it is crucial to develop devices that are able to capture from perturbations. To this end in this work the torques needed in a lower body exoskeleton to perform perturbed human walking motions are determined by an optimization based simulation approach. We compare the behavior of a two dimensional human model with and without an exoskeleton. Two different exoskeleton configurations are considered. The differences between perturbed and unperturbed walking motions as well as between the model with and without exoskeleton are analyzed.


Author(s) Title Number of Pages Date Pegah Khast UX/UI design process for a peer to peer financial platform 33 pages + 2 appendices 4th February 2017 Degree Bachelor of Engineering Degree Programme Information Technology (IT) Instructor(s) Jaana Holvikivi, Principal Lecturer The role of the user experience (UX) is very important in today's digitized industry. UX design is about the user's experience of the product in both physical and emotional way. This project focuses on the UX and UI designing process in a peer to peer financial platform. The purpose was to research in UX/UI design methods and apply them in a P2P financial application. In this project the challenge was framed with two main aspects. The first aspect was methods and principles to guide this design process and the second aspect was about collaboration between designer and marketer and it leads to exploring the role of UX in the future. The study was applied on AuroraExchange.fi a peer to peer financial platform. The project was successfully conducted. The results show strong evidence that applying design methods and principles allows achievement of good user experience where the business requirements meet the user needs. Based on this study, the usability study is a key technique in evaluating a product. User experience can be analyzed from the usability study and different teams in a company could get advantage from it. In addition, this study proves that achieving a successful product strongly depends on the whole team collaboration and especially designers and marketers.


Software systems, especially service-based software systems, need to guarantee runtime performance. If their performance is degraded, some reconfiguration countermeasures should be taken. However, there is usually some latency before the countermeasures take effect. It is thus important not only to monitor the current system status passively but also to predict its future performance proactively. Continuous-time Markov chains (CTMCs) are suitable models to analyze time-bounded performance metrics (e.g., how likely a performance degradation may occur within some future period). One challenge to harness CTMCs is the measurement of model parameters (i.e., transition rates) in CTMCs at runtime. As these parameters may be updated by the system or environment frequently, it is difficult for the model builder to provide precise parameter values. In this paper, we present a framework called ProEva, which extends the conventional technique of time-bounded CTMC model checking by admitting imprecise, interval-valued estimates for transition rates. The core method of ProEva computes asymptotic expressions and bounds for the imprecise model checking output. We also present an evaluation of accuracy and computational overhead for ProEva.


Models that report the effect of competition are important for forest management since forests with higher levels of competition have lower increment rates, and their use is necessary to plan forest interventions. Thus, this study aimed to assess the effect of competition in the basal area increment of individual trees of Araucaria angustifolia (Bertol.) Kuntze in a natural forest. A total of 397 subject trees were measured, covering the diametric range. The dendrometric and morphometric characteristics of subject trees and their competitors were obtained, and 22 distance-dependent and distance-independent competition indices were calculated, in addition to increment cores extracted radially from the trunk at diameter at breast height. The relationship between models of periodic annual increment in basal area based on competition indices has allowed to obtain R 2 values of 0.425 and Syx% ≥ 50.2. The multivariate technique of principal component analysis has shown that three principal components explain 78.43% of total variation. The first component was responsible for explaining 52.95%, with similar eigenvector for 11 competition indices, evidencing that these models can be used to describe especies competition, although they show different variables and mathematical equations in calculations. Results show the importance of competition to predict increment of Araucaria in individual trees.


Objective To find out related proteins that could possibly predict curative effects of neoadjuvant chemotherapy(NACT) by applying surface-enhanced laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry(SELDI-TOF MS)to detect the difference in protein spectrum of breast cancer tissues.Methods Cancer tissue samples from 30 cases of breast cancer patients were detected by SELDI-TOF MS before NACT to get protein spectrum of breast cancer tissues.After NACT,the curative effects were evaluated according to RECIST standard and patients were divided into effective group(19 cases with complete response or partial response)and invalid group (11 cases with stable disease or progressive disease).Results 11 different protein peaks (P < 0.05) were screened out:3491 Da(t =3.189 P =0.004),5158 Da(t =3.897 P =0.001),5360 Da(t =2.157 P =0.04),7549 Da(t =2.173 P=0.038),8451 Da(t =2.258 P =0.032),8694 Da(t =3.234 P =0.003),9089 Da (t =2.653 P =0.013),10528 Da(t =3.127 P =0.004),13445 Da(t =2.231 P =0.034),15118 Da(t =3.255 P =0.003),and 44065 Da(t =2.554 P =0.017).They were all expressed higher in effective group than in invalid group.The difference had statistical significance(P < 0.05).Conclusion SELDI-TOF MS technology can screen out protein spectrum sensitive to NACT,providing evidences for breast cancer patients whether or not taking NACT.

Key words:
Breast tumor;  Neoadjuvant chemotherapy;  Proteomics


Objective To observe the effects of irbesartan on the left ventricular reconstruction in the patients with mild-moderate essential hypertension.Methods An auto-control open trial was used in the study.36 patients with mild-moderate essential hypertension were treated with oral irbesartan 150mg,300mg/d,until 8 weeks,the blood pressure,echocardiogramphy and drug safety were observed.Results After 8 weeks treatment,the blood pressure was decreased(P0.05),the left ventricular mass index was decreased,no significant bad reactions.Conclusion Irbesartan is an effective and safe drug in the treatment of hypertension,it can preserve the heart function.


A librarian from the Florida Gulf Coast University (FGCU) and the Library Communications Manager at Taylor & Francis Group partnered to launch a collaborative information literacy pilot program focusing on assisting FGCU students and faculty navigate and understand the scholarly publishing process. This article describes how the idea was created, as well as steps involved in developing the publishing toolkit to help FGCU patrons. An overview of the pilot program was presented during the 2015 Charleston Conference as a poster session.


A Co(II) complex of molecular formula C48H96.8N12O22.4Co2Cl2, 1, was synthesized from the Schiff base [H2pydmdp]Cl by a template reaction of pyridoxal (pyd), a vitamer of vitamin B6, N-methyl-1,3-diaminopropane (mdp) and cobalt(II) acetate. It was characterized by elemental analysis, 1H NMR, IR and UV-Vis spectroscopy, thermal analysis, electrochemistry and single crystal X-ray diffraction. The experimental results suggested that in complex 1, the central Co(II) is bonded to two phenolato-oxygens, two imine nitrogens and two amine nitrogens in an octahedral geometry. In aqueous media complex 1 exhibits an intense fluorescence emission peak at 506 nm when it was excited at 425 nm. The fluorescence behavior of complex 1 in aqueous media was employed to determine whether it acts as a chemosensor for some selective toxic metal ions. The studies showed that the present complex behaves as a promising sensor for Hg2+ even at the sub-micromolar level. In addition in aqueous solution, complex 1 acts as a sensor for the pH of the medium. A detailed study on the mechanism of sensing behavior established that Hg2+ interacts with complex 1 via weak non-covalent interaction with the N-atom of the pyridine moiety of the molecule. The pyridine nitrogen also plays a vital role in sensing the pH of the medium.


Simulation analysis of pop can with different drop height and floors was carried out using ANSYS finite element analysis software.The purpose was to study the force and deformation of pop can under different drop forms.The results showed that the contact stress distribution expands and the stress increases with drop height increase.For the flat drop,the stress of can runs through the whole can wall,discontinuously transmits upwards to the other sections of can and gradually attenuates,with respect of corner drop.


1. Early Years 1848-1876 2. Apprenticeship in Politics - and Philosophy 1874-1880 3. The Fourth Party 1880-1885 4. The 'Great Man's Great Man' 1885-1887 5. 'The Smartest Irish Secretary' 1887-1891 6. Conservative Leader in Commons and Deputy-Premier 1891 -1902 7. Prime Minister 1902-1905 8. Defeat and Repudiation 1906-1911 9. Eclipse - and Re-emergence 1912-1915 10. First Lord of the Admiralty 1915-1916 11. Foreign Secretary 1916-1919 12. The Elder Statesman 1920-1930.


This paper characterizes of spiral inductor on silicon wafer using post-IC process. There are two critical factors to affect Quality factor of on-chip spiral inductor; one is a resistance of inductor, the other is substrate loss induced by eddy current. This paper demonstrated 10 mum thick Cu film of inductor structure, to reduce the inductor resistance, and 10 mum thick BCB dielectric material, which is a low-k material, separates inductor structure and silicon wafer to reduce the substrate loss. The Quality factor is over 45 at 2.4 GHz with inductance of 0.5 nH. In application, this technology can provide fully CMOS compatible and low temperature process.


Augenblick, Palaich and Associates, Inc. have indicated that the report printed for the August 31, 2006, meeting includes an error. In the haste to meet the printing deadline between the August 24 and August 31 meetings, the information included in Chapter VIII regarding ways to increase school district revenues to match anticipated costs was not updated with all of the correct information. Specifically, on pages 110 and 113, the references to annual increases of $438 million are incorrect.


ments, particularly with regard to uniformity of services and long-term planning of facilities for the handicapped." Confronted with the limited range of resources in the community, the medical practitioner will be faced with a number of decisions. How much time and effort should be invested in activities to strengthen the retardate's resources so that he can face the problems of living in the community? How much should be spent in protecting him from overwhelming situations? Could the child benefit from education? Has he social potential or must he have institutional care? The present range of choices does not offer sufficient flexibility for the retarded person. There needs to be a considerable development into an intermediate area of care for both handicapped children and adults, something between an overtaxed home and an institution or hospital which finds it difficult to go beyond its custodial role. Recent policy of the U.K. Department of Health and Social Security (as stated in "Better Services for the Mentally Handicapped'"') indicates a complete re-evaluation of aims for the retarded and of how these should be achieved. Residential care is seen as a social problem and is to be provided in small homes, small enough to be acceptable to the local communities. It is proposed to accommodate perhaps 25 adults of both sexes in each, and 20 or less children. The residents will use local parks, sports grounds and shops. In such surroundings, it is anticipated, a family atmosphere will be created,


SnO2 nano-material has been widely investigated for gas sensing in recent years. This research concerned about the unordered SnO2 nano-fiber, which were prepared by far field electrospinning method. The nanofibers with diameters ranging from 54nm to 171nm were synthersized and showed excellant gas sensing properties towards H2S at room temperature. The influences of both the quantity and size of nodes between SnO2 nanofibers on the gas sensing response properties were investigated. It was found that the sensor response to H2S increased with the thickness of the fiber membrane, which is different from the conventional nanocrystalline SnO2 film. The mechanism was suspectred by the increase of the quantity of junctions in the nodes between the fiber connection part. Herein, the nodes diameter were varied by adjusting fiber diameter to verify the unique function of the nodes. The results indicated that the response to H2S increased with the node size. From this, the unique effects of nodes on the gas sensing property of SnO2 nanofibers were verified.


On arrival the baby was apyrexial, hypotonic and poorly perfused. Further examination revealed normal heart sounds with palpable upper limb pulses but impalpable femoral pulses, a shallow and irregular respiratory effort, and hepatomegaly of 3–4 cm with normal genitalia. There were normal spontaneous movements and no abnormal posturing. A full septic screen was performed and he was commenced on intravenous antibiotics. The microscopy and culture of the blood, urine and cerebrospinal fluid was not suggestive of infection. His initial biochemical investigations are shown in table 1.


Computer searches were performed using both an 8086 microprocessor and a Cyber 750 mainframe to find repeated binary phase coded waveforms with very good matched and mismatched autocorrelation properties. The best results for every period up to 64 are given. Sequences with optimal peak sidelobes were discovered for each of these periods. These sequences have extensive applications in radar and communications, particularly in situations when there are very unfavorable signal-to-noise ratios. The best sequence of period 64 when processed using a mismatched filter giving no sidelobes has a reduction in the main lobe of less than 0.23 dB.


A current-mode data transceiver for mobile applications is described. This transceiver has a multi-level current transmitter with simple clock recovery and a low-input impedance receiver, and realizes low-voltage swing (about 20 mV) with 150-300 muA drive current at 625 Mbps by differential manner. The transceiver operates with a 1.5-V single power supply, and consumes 3 m\V including transmitter and receiver when simultaneous data and clock transmission at 625 Mbps is achieved through a single differential I/O connecting the transmitter and receiver pair.


Copyright  2017 irjpbs The essential for antioxidant agents, which can inhibit oxidative stress, has become a major priority. Achyranthes aspera could constitute a reservoir of effective biomolecules useful as antioxidants. Achyranthes aspera is a species of plant in the Amaranthaceae family. It is distributed throughout the tropical world. It can be found in many places growing as an introduced species and a common weed. As it is known to be a source of chemical compounds which are characterized by antioxidant properties, this medicinal shrub is used in traditional Pharmacopoeia. The originality of the present study consists in scrutinizing the phytochemical composition and evaluating the antioxidant activity of ethanolic extract of Achyranthes aspera in conditions corresponding to its traditional use. Phytochemical screening was performed to assess the qualitative chemical composition of Achyranthes aspera using precipitation and coloration reactions. In addition, the total alkaloid contents were determined by using standard method. Finally, Achyranthes aspera was assayed to determine its antioxidant activities using Phosphomolybdenum assay. The results reveal the presence of several biomolecules in Achyranthes aspera such as alkaloids, steroids, saponins, cardiac glycosides, and fixed oils. Besides, the quantitative analyses show a considerable total alkaloid contents. In sum, it was found that Achyranthes aspera possess a high antioxidant activity against many problems, which justifies its use by traditional healers. Consequently, Achyranthes aspera is a good source of antioxidants.


Compared with glass fiber filter materials , the performace specifications of synthtic fiber filter media were analysed,and the reason why this kind of media was applied so widely was explained.


Bigness is not as exclusively an American value as we somteimes are made to believe. The total urban population of a country and the sue of individual settlements have long been accepted worldwide as measures of advancement, civilization, and superiority. By urban statistical criteria alone, Western European countries have been considered superior to the East European countries, and such cities as Moscow or Los Angeles superior to Venice or Florence. When sheer size becomes an all-pervading criterion of greatness, it is not surprising that even scholarly men who produce universal criteria for defining urbanization fall victim to the trend. Most of them identify urban settlements quantitatively in terms of population concentration and apply this criterion cross-culturally , regardless of the qualitative peculiarities of other societies. I believe that urbanization is a culture-and-time-specific occurrence, the criteria for which frequently cannot be applied cross-culturally without qualifications. This is especially true if the form of human settlement and culture is viewed as an urban-rural continuum rather than a bipolar system. Hungary represents a good example. In the specialized literature on urbanization, most judgments and classifications are based on criteria developed with reference to Western European countries, where size of settlement has long been considered an important indication of its character. But as long as 80 years ago Adna Weber cautioned that statistical distinctions were almost invalidated in Hungary because of the unusual sprawl of some town territories. He noted that in 1890 the average Hungarian town measured 5,400 acres, while the average temtory of an Austrian town was 2,800 acres and the average German town measured only 1,800 acres. He recognized that some other criteria defining urban settlements were also not applicable to some Hungarian settlements, notably that of population density. He nevertheless succumbed to statistics and referred in his works to 131 settlements classified as urban by the Hungarian government.'


For modern macroeconomic theory the infinitely lived representative agent model and the overlapping generations model, are the two most important frameworks of analysis. Both models form a unified approach in the sense that they are competitive general equilibrium models. When it comes to monetary policy however both models give a different answer to the question of the optimal quantity of money. This paper takes a first step in comparing these two different results.


both through written works of Tully's in which the two appear and through Livingston's introduction to the book and his interview with Tully. The volume's chosen writings, organization and original contributions show the ways that those like Polanyi and Kropotkin, by influencing Tully's ideas on modern subjects or the importance of mutual aid, act more as a supportive theoretical substratum for Tully's work than as passing influences. This kind of attention to detail and approachability makes the collection a valuable acquisition for graduate students and senior academics unfamiliar with Tully's work and for those returning to Tully's thought after a hiatus. Despite including several previously unpublished writings, this collection might offer less for those familiar with Tully's work. More companion volume for the unfamiliar than replacement for Tully's major works, it contains few new works. While the structure of such a collection might prefigure limits to such possibilities, the volume seems surprisingly monological, given the repeated stress within Tully's own work (and the volume) on the importance of the dialogical quality of democratic politics. This impression is sharpened by the volume's conclusion on an interview of Tully by Livingston, granting a medium for additional original contributions and a protracted back-and-forth. Unfortunately, the succinctness of this interview is punctuated by revisiting well-trodden ground, with some minor additions, leaving the feeling of a missed opportunity. Given Livingston's own rich work on democratic theory, with writings on pragmatists such as William James (Livingston, 2016), the interview could have provided a space to discuss things further afield such as—to borrow a phrase from Wittgenstein via Tully—"family resemblances" (47) between Tully's and James's thinking. How might Tully and James be speaking to the same phenomena of "pluralism" or "diversity"? Does Livingston see a similar structure and persistence of imperialism to Tully? While this might seem a specific referent, James's "successor" to the pragmatist tradition, John Dewey (Ferguson, 2007), is briefly mentioned in Livingston's introduction, and with similarities between James and Tully in the deployment of ideas such as the "pluriverse" (49) (James, 1909; Ferguson, 2007), these and many other topics could have been further discussed. This could have engaged Tully himself in the Tully Circle he so inspired and contributed additional insights unique to the volume for those more familiar with Tully's work. Niche criticisms aside, Livingston has done a service by consolidating such important writings. As guides to Tully's innovations in political thought, collections of his works are instructive for those in the discipline and assist in finding public philosophy's "new key."


Australians have little understanding of our complex aged care system, and a tendency to hide from aged care until some emergency forces us to face it. When this happens, we quickly discover that the available information is fragmented and confusing. This case study discusses the development of Aged Care Choices, a new 'shopfront' for the entire spectrum of government-funded aged care services. Information rich and highly interactive, Aged Care Choices was developed with a strong consumer focus, based on a solid market research foundation.


The invention discloses a cross throw crank shaft system of an engine. A cross throw crank shaft (2) comprises four cranks, wherein the included angles between the first crank and the second, the third and the fourth cranks are 90 degrees, 270 degrees and 180 degrees respectively; a king journal and a crank arm as well as a crank pin and the crank arm of the cross throw crank shaft (2) adopt under cutting round corners for transition; the surface of the king journal and that of the crank pin are communicated through an inclined oil passage, so that lubrication of the crank pin can be realized; a belt pulley (1) and a flywheel (5) are arranged on the cross throw crank shaft (2); a crank shaft counterweight (3) is arranged on the cross throw crank shaft (2) or integrally manufactured with the cross throw crank shaft (2); a belt pulley counterweight (6), lightening holes on the belt pulley counterweight (6), a flywheel counterweight (4), lightening holes on the flywheel counterweight (4), and the crank shaft counterweight constitute a balanced system, so that the whole crank shaft system can be balanced fully; and an included angle is formed between the centroid of the crank shaft counterweight (3) and the crank arm of the cross throw crank shaft (2). The cross throw crank shaft system has the advantages that the mass of the whole crank shaft system can be reduced, the space of a crank case can be saved, full balance can be realized, and the vibration level of the whole engine can be reduced helpfully.


Both Heraclitus and Parmenides, each in his own way, denied the possibility of change. A thing, in going from having P , and thus being a P -thing, to lacking P , apparently becomes what it is not, namely a nonP -thing. Since, according to Parmenides, nothing can become what it is not, no thing can change. Heraclitus seems to have found nothing to complain about in Parmenides' argument. Yet, he held that change was a pervasive feature of reality; he held that changes are constantly occurring. So, he needed to sever what seems to be a connection between the idea that a thing changes and the idea that a change occurs , a connection expressed by the claim that a change occurs just in case some thing changes. 3 The connection can be 2 Time for a Change: A Polemic against the Presentism–Eternalism Debate


Objective To observe the characteristics of lower extremity atherosclerosis in diabetic patients and hypertension patients by Lower extremity vascular ultrasound and ankle brachial index(ABI), and to understand the relationship between the incidence and progression of lower extremity atherosclerosis and macrovascular complications. Methods We chose color Doppler ultrasound and ABI to monitor the incidence and characteristics of lower extremity atherosclerosis in diabetic patients(DM),hypertension patients(HT),diabetic patients with hypertension(DM-HT) and patients without diabetes(N-DM) and hypertension(N-HT). Then we collected the data of macrovasular complications in each group. Results The incidence of lower extremity atherosclerosis in DM group and HT group are significantly higher than that in non-diabetes mellitus-non-hypertension group(P0.01).And the incidence of Lower extremity atherosclerosis in DM group is even higher than that in HT group, particularly in moderate to severe stenosis(82.06%).The incidence of marcovascular complications is closely related to the severity of lower extremity atherosclerosis. Conclusions The severity of lower extremity atherosclerosis is more severe in diabetic patients and hypertension patients.Color Doppler ultrasound and ABI are the easy and efficient ways to monitor the severity of lower extremity atherosclerosis;both of them are closely related to the incidence of macrovascular complincations.


Digital filters provide excellent advantages, compared to analog filters, such as better stability and precision. According to the duration/length of the impulse response, digital filters are categorized as Finite-Impulse-Response (FIR) and Infinite-Impulse-Response (IIR) filters. Because the error surface of IIR filters is mostly multimodal, powerful global optimization techniques are preferred for avoid local minima in the filter design process. Artificial Intelligence (AI)-based approaches, Swarm Intelligence (SI) and Evolutionary Computation (EC) techniques are candidate methods to address this problem and to produce desirable solutions. SI is used to model the collective behavior of social swarms in nature, such as ant colonies, honey bees, and bird flocks. The EC is based on the principle of evolution (survival of the fittest). In this paper, a novel index for IIR filter design is introduced (called "Indicator of Success") and SI and EC algorithms are tested and evaluated for several numbers of novel and conventional heuristic algorithms. The reduced-order identification of two benchmarked IIR plants are carried out. We analyzed the performance of the proposed algorithms in IIR digital filters design in terms of the reliability, Mean-Square-Error (MSE) and IoS. The results demonstrate the proper and reliable performance of the SI algorithms compared to that achieved by EC algorithms.


We agree with the comments of Drs Alberio and Lammle and thank them for bringing this to our intention. The dose cited in our paper, although used in the original lepirudin studies, has been recognized as too high, and the revised dosing as described in their letter is what is currently recommended.


Grain boundary diffusion (GBD) of multiple rare earths has proven effective in enhancing the performance of permanent magnets, whereas the diffusion behaviors are still unclear due to their intricate interactions. In this work, the synergistic effects of three rare earths (Tb, Ce, and La) on the grain boundaries diffusion process are investigated, achieving a high‐performance diffused Nd–Fe–B magnet with the high coercivity of 1822 kA m−1 and thermal stability of −0.447% K−1. This promotion originates from the improved diffusion depth of Tb at specific regions, induced by the coordination effects of Ce and La, as evidenced via electron probe microanalysis and the first‐principles calculations. It thus results in the uniform formation of Tb‐diffused magnetic harden grains, associated with the strongly pinned domain walls, which is further observed directly by in situ Lorentz transmission electron microscopy and reconstructed by micromagnetic simulations. The study provides insight into the role of element GBD mechanism and has promising potential to explore other element systems as diffusion sources for permanent magnets.


The temperature dependence of the photoluminescence (PL) transitions associated with various excitons and their phonon replicas in high-purity bulk ZnO has been studied at temperatures from 12 K to above room temperature (320 K). Several strong PL emission lines associated with LO phonon replicas of free and bound excitons are clearly observed. The room temperature PL spectrum is dominated by the phonon replicas of the free exciton transition with the maximum at the first LO phonon replica. The results explain the discrepancy between the transition energy of free exciton determined by reflection measurement and the peak position obtained by the PL measurement.


In this paper, an approach to learn fuzzy color spaces from images is proposed. Fuzzy colors were introduced as a suitable way to model color categories, being the newest and best performance approaches those which use crisp color prototypes in order to build fuzzy color spaces. Current proposals in literature use standard set of colors prototypes, like ISCC-NBS ones, but it is shown that they are not flexible enough to collect the particular colors of a given image. To address this problem, in this paper we propose to extract image relevant colors and use them as prototypes to model fuzzy color spaces. We illustrate the advantages of our approach on the basis of some real experiments.


This invention relates to the use of a substance P antagonist in or for the preparation of a cosmetic or pharmaceutical composition, in particular for topical application to treat pruritus and ocular or palpebral dysesthesia. The cosmetic composition may be used for making up or removing make-up from sensitive eyes.


A topology τ on the vertices of a comparability graph G is
said to be compatible with G if each subgraph H of G
is graph-connected if and only if it is a connected subspace of
(G,τ). In two previous papers we considered the problem of
finding compatible topologies for a given comparability graph and
we proved that the nonexistence of infinite paths was a necessary
and sufficient condition for the existence of a compact compatible
topology on a tree (that is to say, a connected graph without
cycles) and we asked whether this condition characterized the
existence of a compact compatible topology on a comparability
graph in which all cycles are of length at most n. Here we prove
an extension of the above-mentioned theorem to graphs whose cycles
are all of length at most five and we show that this is the best
possible result by exhibiting a comparability graph in which all
cycles are of length 6, with no infinite paths, but which has no
compact compatible topology.