performance of tracheotomy; but, when urgent dyspncea has been of long duration, there will always be reason to fear that the lung and the blood in the pulmonary artery may have passed into the condition that I have described. We may sometimes obtain more positive evidence as to the cedematous condition of the lungs. There may be dulness on percussion over the lower lobes of the lungs, and a fine moist crepitation over the same extent. As a rule, however, when there is great obstruction in the larynx, auscultation teaches us little as to the condition of the lungs. The loud laryngeal stridor completely masks the pulmonary sounds; which, besides, are very feeble, in consequence of the small volume and force of the tidal air in the lungs. We may suspect that the blood in the pulmonary artery is coagulating, when, with increasing dyspncea, there is a combination of pallor and lividity of the skin and lips, with extreme feebleness of the pulse. The lividity is a result of over-distension of the systemic veins, while the pallor and the pulselessness are due to a corresponding emptiness of the arteries; the venous fulness on the one hand, and the arterial emptiness on the other, being direct results of the obstruction in the pulmonary artery. I have nothing to say as to the mode of performing the operation of tracheotomy. That is a purely surgical question, with which I do not meddle. But I must insist upon the importance of keeping the air of the room warm and moist so long as the patient has to breathe through the opening in the trachea. A neglect of this precaution might result in an attack of bronchitis or pneumonia. Another point which deserves notice is that; while a patient is breathing througlh the artificial opening, so much is the reflex excitability of the larynx lessened, that, during deglutition, liquids sometimes enter the larynx, and then escape through the cannula. This may, to some extent, be prevented by directing the patient to close the tube with his finger during the act of deglutition. A gentleman suffering from acute laryngitis, whom I attended with Mr. Heckstall Smith and Dr. Allfrey, and who was rescued from impending suffocation by tracheotomy performed by the latter gentleman, while he was breathing through the tube, one day got a piece of bone into his larynx from soup that he was drinking. The foreign body caused him much annoyance until it was expelled by a cough. The patient completely recovered, and returned to his work in India. The lesson taught by this and other cases is that, while a patient is breathing through an artificial opening in his windpipe, unless deglutition be performed with care, the food may "go the wrong way", and either lodge in the larynx, or, passing through the larynx, it may enter the bronchial tubes.


Rapid urbanization in China has led to the emergence of the 15-minute commercial circle, but more research is needed on its impact on residents' quality of life. This study aimed to propose construction plans and explore the circle's influence on residents' quality of life in Zhengzhou. Semi-structured interviews with 15 community residents were analyzed using NVivo software. Results indicated positive economic impacts but negative environmental and social impacts. The 15-minute commercial circle plays a dual role, requiring future sustainable and inclusive practices that address income inequality and environmental protection. Limitations include a small sample size and a focus on Zhengzhou.
Keywords: 15-minute Commercial Circle; Resident Quality of Life; Urbanization; Zhengzhou
eISSN: 2398-4287 © 2023. The Authors. Published for AMER ABRA cE-Bs by e-International Publishing House, Ltd., UK. This is an open-access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Peer–review under the responsibility of AMER (Association of Malaysian Environment-Behaviour Researchers), ABRA (Association of Behavioural Researchers on Asians/Africans/Arabians) and cE-Bs (Centre for Environment-Behaviour Studies), College of Built Environment, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.21834/ebpj.v8i24.4638


This text puts forward a design method of automobile metal sheets die based on modern CAD/CAE/CAM system and computer network technology. The method uses reverse engineering and virtual design technique synthetically, first, sets up accurate CAD model on the basis of real object and does the virtual design of automobile metal sheets die on the concurrent thought, then produces qualified product models and finally produces the real objects. Through this method, we can not only reduce the design time, but also cut down the design cost and improve the quality of the products.


Using Siemens S7-200 PLC which have been ap- proved by claasification society in many countries and have been applied widely in automation field,combining computer moni- toring and network technology,the valve remote control and tank measurement system on hardware and software was devel- oped.The results indicate that the system is effective and reli- able.


Received January 25, 2009; accepted October 6, 2009.

Phase is a descriptor that tracks the progression of a defined region of myocardium through the action potential and has been demonstrated to be an effective parameter in analyzing spatiotemporal changes during fibrillation. In this review, the basic principles behind phase mapping are presented mainly in the context of ventricular fibrillation (VF), atrial fibrillation (AF), and fibrillation from experimental monolayer data. During fibrillation, the phase distribution changes over time, depending on activation patterns. Analyzing these phase patterns provides us insight into the fibrillatory dynamics and helps clarify the mechanisms of cardiac fibrillation and modulation by interventions. Winfree1 introduced the phase analysis to study cardiac fibrillation in the late eighties. This time-encoding technique deals with a scenario where the activation periods are the same over the surface being mapped. To deal with the scenario of varying activation period over the mapped surface (common in animal and human fibrillation models), Gray et al2,3⇓ introduced the state-space encoding concept from nonlinear dynamics.

In analyzing spatiotemporal phase maps constructed from electric or optical mapping of the surface of heart during VF, points around which the phase progresses through a complete cycle from −π to +π are of great interest. At these points, the phase becomes indeterminate and the activation wave fronts hinge to these points and rotate around them in an organized fashion. These points in the phase map are called phase singularity (PS) points. Bray et al4 developed a procedure to locate PS points in a phase map. Nash et al5 used phase mapping to study the entire ventricular epicardium of human hearts with a sock containing 256 unipolar contact electrodes. The development of this phase mapping tool has led to better understanding of fibrillation dynamics as evidenced by the …


optimizing the acoustical performance of mufflers within a
 compact volume is necessary. To depress the acoustical performance, a
 multi-chamber muffler hybridized with perforated plug-inlet tubes which may
 dramatically increase the acoustical performance, is then adopted and optimized
 under space constraint. In this paper, both the numerical decoupling technique
 and simulated annealing (SA) algorithm for solving the coupled acoustical
 problem of perforated plug-inlet tubes and optimizing the muffler shape are
 used. To appreciate the acoustical ability of the new mufflers, traditional
 multi-chamber mufflers with extended inlet tubes have been assessed.
 Furthermore, noise reductions in broadband and pure tones noise are also
 introduced. But before the SA operation can be carried out, the accuracy of the
 mathematical model has to be checked by experimental data. Results reveal that
 the maximal STL is precisely located at the desired target tone. In addition,
 the acoustical performance of mufflers conjugated with perforated plug-inlet
 tubes is superior to that hybridized with extended inlet tubes. Moreover, the
 more chambers the mufflers have, the higher acoustical performance they will
 reach. Consequently, we demonstrate a successful SA application to the muffler
 design.


Solving a Riemann integral problem is actually aprocess of partition,approximate substitution,summation an limitation.As summation is the axes of the whole process,some general discussion have been made in the paper by using popular words instead of strict mathematical terms to present specific realization and connotation as far as Riemann integral is concerned.And a further reasoning of summation about general integral has also been made,like possibility,conditions,specific procedure and some basic problems which one should attend,to enhance ability of understanding through bridge of knowledge.


The study was carried out to determine the performance and economics of production of West African Dwarf (WAD) bucks fed raw and differently processed Coelocaryon preussii seed meals. Sixteen (16) West African Dwarf (WAD) bucks aged between 6 and 9 months with mean live weight of 6.57 + 0.92kg were allocated to four dietary treatments with four replicates of one goat per replicate. The experiments were carried out in a completely randomized design. The treament diets were: T 1 (0% Coelocaryon preussii seed meal), T 2 (5% raw Coelocaryon preussii seed meal), T 3 (5% soaked Coelocaryon preussii seed meal) and T 4 (5% boiled Coelocaryon preussii seed meal). Results obtained in this study shows that diet containing raw Coelocaryon preussii seed meal (RCPSM) (T 2 ) differed significantly (P<0.05) in weight gain (2.43kg) and daily weight gain (0.027kg) from goat fed control diet (T 1 ) and soaked Coelocaryon preussii seed meal (SCPSM) (T 3 ) respectively. However, T 2 (RCPSM) was similar statistically (P>0.05) with goat fed boiled Coelocaryon preussii seed meal (BCPSM) (T 4 ). There was no significant (P>0.05) difference in feed intake and feed conversion ratio (FCR) among the treatment groups, but T 2 had the least FCR value (7.11) indicating that it was best utilized by the WAD goats when compared to T 1 , T 3 and T 4 . Values obtained for cost-analysis of diets did not show any significant (P>0.05) difference. It is therefore concluded that incorporation of raw Coelocaryon preussii seed meals concentrate diets gave the best performance among others and comparatively enhanced nutrient intake and digestibility in WAD goats without any deleterious effects.


The current COVID-19 pandemic has shifted the lifestyle of people from education, business, and even the healthcare service. There is a rise in telemedicine utilization among different countries. Third-world countries such as the Philippines have been seen to consider telemedicine, however not as widely applied. The aim of this study was to determine the factors affecting the acceptance and behavioral perception of Filipinos on the adoption and usage of telemedicine in the Philippines. A total of 533 Filipinos answered an online survey that was collected through different social media platforms. Using multiple linear regression, factors under the unified theory of acceptance and use of technology, personal factors, individual factors, and political and environmental factors were considered. With a 96.53% R-square value, the results posit that age, geographic location, data privacy issues, resistance to use, usage behavior, intention to use, effort and performance expectancy, and hedonic motivation were the key factors affecting perceived user adoption. The employment status modeled the regression equation considered in this study. The findings of this study would be advantageous for developing strategies to increase the adoption among Filipinos for telemedicine. The healthcare system in the Philippines may adopt the findings of this study to increase Filipino trust and usage behavior. Lastly, the results and latent of this study could be utilized by other developing countries who want to increase adoption and usage of telemedicine, even evaluate technology usage worldwide.


WWC family proteins negatively regulate HEK293 cell proliferation and organ growth by suppressing the transcriptional activity of Yes‐associated protein (YAP), a major effector of the Hippo pathway. The function of the scaffolding protein WWC1 (also called KIBRA) has been intensively studied in cells and animal models. However, the expression and clinicopathologic significance of WWC2 in cancer are poorly characterized. This study aimed to clarify the biological function and mechanism of action of WWC2 in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Retrospective analysis revealed WWC2 was significantly down‐regulated in 95 clinical HCC tissues compared to the paired adjacent non‐cancerous tissues. Moreover, loss of WWC2 expression was significantly associated with advanced clinicopathological features, including venous infiltration, larger tumour size and advanced TNM stage. Positive WWC2 expression was associated with significantly better 5‐year overall survival, and WWC2 was an independent prognostic factor for overall survival in HCC. Moreover, we confirmed WWC2 inhibits HCC cell invasive ability in vitro. Elevated YAP expression was also observed in the same cohort of HCC tissues. Pearson's correlation coefficient analysis indicated WWC2 expression correlated inversely with nuclear YAP protein expression in HCC. Mechanistically, we confirmed overexpression of WWC2 suppresses the invasive and metastatic potential of HCC cells by activating large tumour suppressor 1 and 2 kinases (LATS1/2), which in turn phosphorylates the transcriptional co‐activator YAP. Overall, this study indicates WWC2 functions as a tumour suppressor by negatively regulating the Hippo signalling pathway and may serve as a prognostic marker in HCC.


PurposePrevious studies have empirically examined the positive outcomes organizations can achieve by engaging in environmentally responsible actions, but the underlying mechanism of the reasons why publics engage in supportive behaviors for those organizations has not been examined in light of theoretical foundations. To fill this gap, this paper builds on a foundation of norm activation theory to explore the effect of publics' awareness of environmental consequences on perceived environmental responsibility of organizations and organizational norm, which can have an impact on publics' supportive behavior toward environmentally responsible organizations. The potential relationships between social media use for environmental information and other variables are also explored.Design/methodology/approachDrawing on norm activation theory, an online survey was conducted among 288 adults in the United States. Participants were recruited from Amazon Mechanical Turk.FindingsFindings indicate the impact of individuals' awareness of environmental consequences on their ascription of responsibility to organizations, which influences organizational norm and supportive behavior intention toward organizations.Originality/valueThis study is one of the first attempts to explore the underlying mechanism of publics' support for environmentally responsible organizations.


Superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs) are not only of scientific but also of commercial interest e.g. for contrast enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Commercially available iron oxide based MR contrast agents are often stabilized with high molecular weight surfactants such as dextran or siloxanes. The comparably low binding affinity of these surfactants towards iron oxide leads to poor particle stability and limited control over the interfacial chemistry. The latter point is important for efficient targeting which is thought to lead to cellular or even molecular resolution in MRI. The stabilization of individual iron oxide cores with low molecular weight dispersants, which have one high affinity binding group per molecule, is an attractive alternative to the commercially used stabilization method. It not only leads to higher particle stability but also allows for a smaller hydrodynamic diameter and a controlled interfacial chemistry.


This paper examines changing patterns in the politics of judicial selection in the United States. Central to the discussion is that judicial selection in the U.S. has always had a strong political element. Recent changes in the politics of judicial selection reflect a shift from the politics of patronage to the politics of policy. Part of the analysis updates research on the relationship between partisanship and voting in judicial elections. Partisanship has always been strong in states using partisan systems, and that has not changed. Some states that use nonpartisan elections have seen an increase in the partisanship of voting patterns while other states have not seen such an increase. The two states using a mixed partisan (nomination)/nonpartisan (election) system have seen an increase in partisanship, particularly in the post-1990s period. The paper concludes with a discussion of alternative selection systems but emphasizes that no system would eliminate politics, only shift the nature of the politics.


In atmospheric and climate research, the increasing amount of data available from climate models and observations provides new challenges for data analysis. The authors present interactive visual exploration as an innovative approach to handle large datasets. Visual exploration does not require any previous knowledge about the data, as is usually the case with classical statistics. It facilitates iterative and interactive browsing of the parameter space to quickly understand the data characteristics, to identify deficiencies, to easily focus on interesting features, and to come up with new hypotheses about the data. These properties extend the common statistical treatment of data, and provide a fundamentally different approach. The authors demonstrate the potential of this technology by exploring atmospheric climate data from different sources including reanalysis datasets, climate models, and radio occultation satellite data. Results are compared to those from classical statistics, revealing the complementary advantages of visual exploration. Combining both the analytical precision of classical statistics and the holistic power of interactive visual exploration, the usual workflow of studying climate data can be enhanced.


The triune God's justice is best understood as promised justice. Promised justice enables Christian practices that critique and end injustice.


A-plane n-GaN film has been grown on r-plane sapphire substrate by MOCVD with flow-rate modulation (FME). Under the used growth conditions, the optimized FME parameters include the on/off periods at 60/80 s. With the FME technique, the n-GaN film has a high Hall mobility of 779 cm2/V-s.


Free-tissue transfers have become an accepted new method of treatments in reconstruction of the lower extremity since 1972. This treatment option has profoundly influenced the fate of many salvaged limbs that in retrospect would have been amputated. From Dec 2001 to Jul 2003, seven patients with defects over the lower extremity underwent reconstructions using a free vastus lateralis muscle flap. There were six males and one female with an average age of 58.1 years (range 48 to 66 years). All flaps except one were successful without major complications. The average follow-up was 9 months (range 6 to 12 months). The six patients with established wound complications experienced complete resolution of their ability. Limb salvage was achieved in these six patients and their ambulation was restored. In comparison with other muscle flaps, we found the vastus lateralis muscle flap is an excellent option for lower extremity reconstruction due to its advantages of ease in harvesting, allowing two-team approach, relatively long vascular pedicle as well as availability of adequate muscle volume and lower donor-site morbidity. Also, preoperative angiographic or Doppler confirmation is valuable to decrease flap complication.


The World Wide Web (WWW) has grown from being a resource center for a select group of scientists to a large database of information that is available to both the professionals and the public. The amount of medical information on the Web is increasing exponentially. It has become increasingly difficult for anyone to be able to search for a specific quantum of information among this mass. The need for this enormous pool of medical data to be organized into easily searched zones has given rise to the Cyberspace Hospital (CH) concept. CH was created on 1 May 1995 by A/P K C Lun from the National University of Singapore. It contains various departments that are linked to some of the best sources of medical data on the WWW. Over the past 2 years, CH has grown tremendously. This can be attributed to 3 main factors: the simple interface, the sheer quantity of information and the selection of sites that are linked. However, even in mid 1996, it was noted that the amount of data on internal medicine was growing much faster than several other areas that are featured in CH. Hence, on 21 March 1997, the Internal Medicine Center (IMC) was created and launched. The IMC is a unique concept. This is the first time that medical data on the web has been organized into a form that intimately parallels clinical medicine. The rationale behind the creation of the IMC can be summarized in 3 words: Information, Speed and Convenience. The interface used by this center reflects these goals since overuse of large image files are avoided hence increasing the access time and yet keeping the information in an easily comprehensible manner. In conclusion, the IMC serves as a valuable tool for the layman as well as the expert since the comprehensive information that is offers can be accessed rapidly and conveniently.


ABSTRACT This paper correlates the durability of bricks in various environments to their physical and microstructural characteristics. Micro-analytical and physical characterisation techniques were employed to find the raw materials and firing temperature of the historic bricks. Mercury Intrusion Porosimetry (MIP) and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) helped in finding the effects at microstructure level with the variation of raw materials/firing temperature. The results showed that historic bricks fired at high temperature and made with non-calcium clays possessed superior physical characteristics and survived several centuries without any significant weathering. Also, differences in the state of conservation of the bricks were examined in cases where similar bricks were exposed to different conditions. The calcium-rich bricks fired at low temperature had a poorer degree of vitrification, but the weathering resistance again varied with respect to exposure conditions. Such bricks were found severely deteriorated when exposed to salt, and the extent of damage and damage patterns were also dependent on the kind of salt. Poorly fired bricks, which were not exposed to much salt, were found with minor external weathering traces such as powdering of edges. MIP results showed that the cores of bricks remained unaffected in spite of the external powdering. It could be generalised that poorly vitrified structure with a large number of small pores is more susceptible to salt crystallisation. Understanding the micro-characteristics of historic bricks helps in tracing back the manufacturing factors, which are indeed important in deciding on efficient replacement/protective treatments for the structure.


For some years evidence that 2-keto-D-gluconic acid is implicated in a number of biochemical systems, notably in Acetobacter species (Bernhauer & Gorlich, 1935; Kulka & Walker, 1954) and in Pseudomonas species (Lockwood, Tabenkin & Ward, 1941; Norris & Campbell, 1949) has been accumulating. Studies by Warburg & Christian (1937) with red blood cells, by Lipmann (1936) with yeast macerate preparations and by Dickens (1938) with crude enzyme preparations from yeast, afforded substantial evidence for the existence of a pathway for the direct oxidation of glucose 6-phosphate by way of 6-phosphogluconie acid, 2-keto-6-phosphogluconic acid and pentose 5-phosphate. The work of Cohen & Scott (1951) with yeast preparations confirmed this scheme, since they detected the presence of 2-keto-6-phosphogluconate, ribose 5-phosphate and glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate in experiments on the oxidation of 6-phosphogluconate. We have recently isolated 2-keto-D-gluconic acid and tartronic acid from a culture of Acetobacter acetosum on a glucose medium (Kulka, Hall & Walker, 1951). Tartronic acid had not been identified previously as a product of bacterial metabolism, although its presence in sugar-refinery liquor had been established by von Lippmann (1913). According to Rieben & Hastings (1946), tartronic acid is formed in various plants. In view of the isolation of this acid from bacterial cultures under conditions which might suggest that it was a decomposition product of 2-keto-D-gluconic acid, we have studied the decomposition of the latter under similar conditions. Our experiments have shown that tartronic acid was definitely formed and probably arabinose and ribulose.


Porcine circovirus associated disease (PCVAD) is an umbrella term for a multitude of diseases and syndromes that have a negative impact on the health and economics of pig production operations throughout the world. Porcine circovirus type 2 is the causative agent of PCVAD; however the presence of PCV2 alone is rarely enough to cause clinical disease. In order for the full development of PCVAD the presence of a co-infecting pathogen is required. The mechanisms by which co-infection leads to disease remain ongoing areas of research, but it is thought that host immune modulations by PCV2 or a co-infecting pathogen are critical in the pathogenesis of PCVAD. In the first study of this dissertation the ability of PCV2 to induce regulatory T-cells (Tregs) and alter cytokine production was evaluated in vivo. The addition of PCV2 to a multiple viral challenge resulted in a significant increase in Tregs. Levels of IL-10 and IFN-γ were also found to be altered when PCV2 was added to a multiple viral challenge. In further experiments, monocyte derived dendritic cells (MoDC) were infected with different combinations and strains of PCV2 and PRRSV in vitro and evaluated for expression levels of programmed death ligand-1 (PD-L1), IL-10, CD86, swine leukocyte antigen-1 (SLA-1), and swine leukocyte antigen-2 (SLA-2). Expression levels of PD-L1 were significantly increased in PCV2 and PRRSV co-infected MoDCs. SLA-1, SLA-2, and CD86 expression levels were significantly decreased in the MoDC treatment groups containing both PCV2 and virulent stains of PRRSV. MoDC IL-10 expression was significantly increased by PCV2 and virulent strains of


As a generalization of matchings, Cunningham and Geelen introduced the notion of path-matchings. The path-matching number val(G) of a graph G=(V, T(1), T(2); E) is a parameter describing the size of a maximum path-matching in G. In this paper, two lower bounds on val(G) are given. The first one is a certain function on the binding number b, vertical bar V vertical bar, and vertical bar T(i)vertical bar, where i = 1, 2, which generalizes Woodall's result on the matching number; the second one, valid for K(1,t)-free graphs, is given in terms of t, the connectivity m, vertical bar V vertical bar and vertical bar T(i)vertical bar.


The martensitic transformation sequence in two single crystalline Ni-Mn-Ga alloys with a martensite start temperature (M s) of about 400 K has been investigated using dynamic mechanical analysis, calorimetry, dilatometry, three-point bending tests, and transmission electron microscopy. A two-step thermally induced martensitic transformation during cooling and one-step reverse transformation during heating have been found in both alloys, although involving different modulated martensitic phases in each of the alloys. In one of them, the first martensitic transformation leads to a martensitic phase having a commensurate modulated lattice characterized by a periodic stacking sequence of ten $110%P planes along the ^110&P direction. On further cooling, a second transformation to a modulated martensite with a periodicity of seven planes has been observed. In the other alloy, the transformation sequence observed on cooling is from the parent phase to an eight-layered modulated martensite followed by a second transformation to a martensite having a tetragonal lattice (c/a.1) without modulation. @S0163-1829~98!02105-5#


The stability of interface waves on a compliant coating, attached to a rigid substrate and exposed to a laminar or turbulent fluid flow, has been the subject of several theoretical studies, and of experimental investigations in which the onset and growth of instability waves was determined. Solutions of the characteristic equation of the problem have been obtained, which furnish dispersion curves and stability information for the interface waves, assuming a compressible fluid in order to attain the correct static limit. It is shown that the excitation of these interface waves by incident inhomogeneous acoustic signals can occur in a resonant fashion. Using this approach, an accurate experimental determination of the dispersion curves, of the onset of instability, and of the growth properties of interface waves appears to be possible.


The encyclopedic work of the Chaulukya King Someshvardeva (12 th century AD) has 31 couplets on "dog as a source of recreation". We have prepared this analytical article after translating the couplets in English. Though dog was never a pet animal with common folks, in ancient and medieval India its usefulness was well-appreciated. Manasollasa (happiness of mind), also known as Abhilashitarthachintamani ( abhilashita artha-chintamani , a "thought-stone" yielding its possessor information on almost anything he desires), is ascribed to the Chalukya king Someshvardeva of the 12 th century AD (Shrigondkar, 1939). It is a well-known encyclopedic work in Sanskrit. In this voluminous text, information on various topics of different branches of knowledge – particularly of interest to the medieval kings of India – is culled together. It consists of five sections further subdivided into chapters. Each section has twenty chapters and is named vimshati (a group of twenty). Sarameyavinoda (Dogs for recreation) is the eleventh chapter of the fourth vimshati . It is a small piece of composition consisting of thirty-one couplets in the popular Anushtubh meter dealing with 'dog as a source of recreation'. This is one of the several royal recreations described in this section. As a matter of fact the contents of the text under question do not justify the title as dogs by themselves are not described here as means of independent recreation as the title would suggest. Mrigaya or hunting is the main royal recreation and dogs being especially useful for locating, attacking, and catching forest animals, the author has devoted an independent chapter to the topic. Dog is believed to be the first animal domesticated by man approximately 15,000 years ago. References to dog–man association are documented in the Vedic literature (earliest, Rigveda, c. 8000 BC), which is the earliest extant literature of any branch of the Indo-European family. Sarameyavinoda in Manasollasa: Dogs for Recreation and Hunting Nalini Sadhale1 and YL Nene 2 1. "Ishavasya", Udyog Sanskar B2, Nath Prangan, Garkheda Parisar, Aurangabad 431005, Maharashtra, India (email: firstname.lastname@example.com) 2. Asian Agri-History Foundation, Secunderabad 500009, India (email: firstname.lastname@example.com) 274 Manasollasa: hunting dogs


Thanks to two recent publications, a little-known aspect of the cultural history of the powerful feudal family, the Acquaviva, has emerged. In a substantial chapter of the first of the two works analyzed, Giulio Sodano describes the Acquaviva's well-stocked library (2402 books). He also shows how the members of the Acquaviva family, despite living in a small town in Abruzzo, took part in contemporary European cultural life through books. The second work analyzed presents research conducted by Maurizio Torrini, Domenica Falardo and Sebastiano Martelli which further attests to the Acquavivas' interest in culture and the attention they paid to it. In particular, Martelli sheds light on the extraordinary persona of Cardinal Troiano, someone who in the first decades of the 18th century maintained relations with personalities such as Celestino Galiani, Giambattista Vico, Giacomo Casanova and Raimondo di Sangro.


The new name Solanum habrochaites S. Knapp & D. M. Spooner is coined to replace the homonym Solanum agrimoniifolium (Dunal) J. F. Macbride, which has been used for the wild tomato species known in Lycopersicon as Lycopersicon hirsutum Dunal. While preparing the Solanaceae for the Catalogue of the Vascular Plants of Ecuador (Jergensen & Le6n-Yinez, 1999), we discovered that a new name was necessary for the common wild tomato species previously known as Lycopersicon hirsutum. We accept species of tomatoes in the genus Solanum following molecular and morphological studies of Child (1990), Spooner et al. (1993), Bohs and Olmstead (1997), and Olmstead and Palmer (1997). Spooner et al. (1993) provided a compilation of names and combinations in Solanum for all nine taxa of tomatoes recognized by Rick et al. (1990). The epithet hirsutum is not available for this taxon in Solanum, as it is occupied by Solanum hirsutum Dunal (1816), and the pre-existing combination used by Spooner et al. (1993), Solanum agrimoniifolium (Dunal) J. F. Macbride, for L. hirsutum is a later homonym of an epithet already published in Solanum. A new epithet in Solanum is therefore necessary for this taxon. Solanum habrochaites S. Knapp & D. M. Spooner, nom. nov. Replaced name: Lycopersicon hirsutum Dunal, Solanorum synopsis 4. 1816, non L. hirsutum Dunal, in DC., Prodromus 13(1): 24. 1852. TYPE: Ecuador. Loja: "Hab. in agris Peruvianis prope Loxa," Humboldt & Bonpland s.n. (holotype, P). Locality for type collection fide Kunth (Humboldt et al., 1818), "Crescit prope Loxa Novo-Granatensium, alt. 1060 hex." Solanum agrimoniifolium (Dunal) J. F. Macbride, Field Mus. Nat. Hist., Bot. Ser. 13: 159. 1962. Horn. illeg., non Rydberg, Bull. Torr. Bot. Club 51: 154. 1924. Lycopersicon agrimoniifolium Dunal, in DC., Prodromus 13(1): 24. 1852; "agrimoniaefolium." TYPE: Peru. Sin. loc., Pavdn s.n. (holotype, G not seen). Both Dunal's and Rydberg's spellings of the epithet agrimoniifolium are errors to be corrected under Article 60.8 of the Code (Greuter et al., 1994). The new specific epithet is derived from the Greek, habro = soft, delicate, and chaites = haired, thus retaining as closely as possible Dunal's original intention. Dunal (1816) stated that he saw the specimen he named Lycopersicon hirsutum in the Humboldt and Bonpland herbarium ("v.s.h. H et B."), but a specimen of this taxon could not be found in P-Bonpl. Kunth (Humboldt et al., 1818) did not see specimens of this taxon while writing his account of Humboldt and Bonpland's plants, "Specimena hujus et praecedentis speciei haud vidi." No specimen identifiable as this taxon and collected by Humboldt and Bonpland is present in the Willdenow herbarium (microfiche edition IDC). Dunal had intended to publish an illustrated edition of his Solanorum synopsis (1816), and to that end had a series of drawings of the taxa described therein prepared by the artist Node-Veran, to which he referred in Solanorum synopsis (Dunal, 1816). These drawings are held in the collections at Montpellier (MPU), and in the set is a plate of Lycopersicon hirsutum (Fig. 1B). A specimen in the general herbarium at P collected by Humboldt and Bonpland and annotated by Dunal that is a perfect match for this drawing is clearly the holotype for this name (Fig. 1). On the specimen are pinned several labels with different descriptions, one of them (far left lower corner) is that of Kunth (Humboldt et al., 1818). On the label in the upper left is written "Solanum dentatum" and a draft description in Dunal's hand. The description, however, does not NovoN 9: 375-376. 1999. This content downloaded from 18.104.22.168 on Sun, 14 May 2017 17:56:58 UTC All use subject to http://about.jstor.org/terms


The utility model relates to a double-layer mobile phone card connector. The double-layer mobile phone card connector comprises an iron casing, an upper-layer main body, a card holder, a lower-layer main body and a PCB. The upper-layer main body is provided with SIM card terminal pins, the lower-layer main body is provided with SIM card terminal pins and memory card terminal pins, the card holder is of a double-faced structure whose upper surface and lower surface can be provided with SIM cards or memory cards, the card holder is arranged between the upper-layer main body and the lower-layer main body to enable clamping grooves to be formed among the three, the upper ends of the clamping grooves are provided with the iron casing, and the clamping grooves are connected with the PCB. The upper-layer main body and the lower-layer main body are in plugging connection, the PCB is of a U-shaped structure, and the clamping grooves are arranged in the middle of the U-shaped structure and are in contacted connection with contacts at the three edges of the PCB. After such a design is employed, the upper surface and the lower surface of the card holder are provided with the SIM cards or the memory cards, card removal and replacement are convenient, at the time when the demands of users are satisfied, the space is saved to a quite large extent, arrangement of SIM card and TF card terminals of the lower-layer main body can enable the users to flexibly select a SIM card + SIM card mode or a SIM card + memory card mode, and the double-layer mobile phone card connector has the advantages of simple structure, saved space, convenience, flexibility, stability and reliability.


The hydrolyzing technology on egg yolk lecithin with phospholipase A2 and functional properties of the modified egg yolk were studied.The optimum technologcial conditions of hydrolysis were: pH 7.0,reaction temperatare 50 ℃,[E]= 2 000 U/g yolk,hydrolysises time(t)=1.5 h,independent of Ca2+,and the ratio of hydrolysis was approximately 80%.Functional experiments indicated that the modified egg yolk had better emulsion stability and its emulsifying capacity increased by 25% compared with ordinary egg yolk.Mayonnaise made of enzymolysis egg yolk could withstand heat treatment at 100 ℃ for 30 min and showed no oil exudation.While the mayonnaise,which was made of ordinary egg yolk,had become destabilized and the oil had been released from the emulsion.


The article deals with ways representing different kinds of knowledge within the category of gender in European languages (English, German, Spanish and Russian). The category of gender is viewed as an ancient, mythological category, into which at least three types of knowledge are projected of the world, culture and language. Attention is given to the development of and changes in this category in the English language, to the synchronic variability within this category in speech and to the opportunities of gender switch in poetical discourse.


Climate change is one of a complex array of risks facing the planet and society. It is argued that adaptation to and mitigation of climate change will be required to avert or reduce adverse impacts. Governments are developing climate change adaptation (CCA) strategies. The business community is also stirring to the need to adapt to as well as mitigate climate change, but progress has been slow, particularly in the case of adaptation. This paper explores emerging perceptions of the need for adaptation and some initial adaptation actions within a 'business as usual' economic mode of operation. It also identifies constraints to further action among a cross-section of actors in the business community in South Africa. Data from semi-structured interviews and scrutiny of reports reveals that there are a number of constraints preventing business from engaging more fully in CCA. These findings correspond with findings in other business-sector and CCA studies. They include: issues of terminology (adaptation versus risk management); uncertainty over climate-change projections and scenarios; and concerns about how such information can be used effectively in decision making, particularly long-term business planning. Despite these challenges, some potential synergies between policy, planning and the business community for promoting adaptation are suggested.


Sodium arsenite at concentrations above 50 μM inhibited the growth of Synechococcus leopoliensis UTEX 625 in a defined culture medium. Inhibition was transitory, with growth resuming after a lag period the duration of which depended on the arsenite concentration. Cells grown for several hours in the presence of 10 μM arsenite became tolerant to concentrations of arsenite that inhibited the growth of untreated cells. Neither sensitive nor tolerant cells chemically modified the external arsenite detectably within the experimental period. At a concentration of 200 μM, arsenite temporarily halted growth of sensitive cells but did not affect that of tolerant cells. This concentration of arsenite inhibited net photosynthesis in both sensitive and tolerant cells. At the same time it selectively decreased the incorporation of carbon in the light into α-amino acids, especially glutamate, in sensitive but not in tolerant cells. Simultaneously, incorporation of carbon into pyruvic acid markedly increased. The activi...


Heat transfer characteristics of a latent heat storage unit with a finned tube have been experimentally studied on solidification and melting processes by comparing them with those of a heat storage unit with a bare tube. As the result, it is shown that the heat flux for the finned tube is much larger than that for the bare tube. Timewise variations of the feat flux are explained from the results of observations of solidification and melting layers and mesurements of temperature distributions. The effects of non-dimensional parameters, i.e., NTU (the number of transfer units), Biot number and Stephan number, on the solidification fraction, the melting fraction and the heat transfer effectiveness are also shown.


The main reason that takes to us to make this exposition of economic financial and retailer Reengineering through the import of Home appliances, for the company J.E. GRANDA, is the necessity to influence, being participant in this worldwide commercial society by means of a company reconstructed from its bases with a new exposition of mission, vision and objectives agreed to the necessities which we wish to cover in our present and potential clients, as well as to be an efficient competition of our main and great commercial rivals in the sector that we develop. At the moment the Home appliances industry is growing in countries like China, Mexico, Brazil, Japan, etc. are producing goods of quality at a lower cost that allows to compete in prices. Additionally, due to the economic boom marked by the constant growth that the country of China experienced, nowadays it offers numberless possibilities for the product importation, becoming one of the main countries for analysis, without leaving behind the study of industries of previously mentioned countries that could generate a greater fan of possibilities of election alternatives.


Objective To investigate genotypes and clinical drug resistance of ESBL-producing Escherichia coli in hospitals in southern Sichuan.Methods E.coli was collected from October 2010 to September 2011.ESBLs were detected using a double disk synergy test,PCR was used to determine the genotype of the ESBLs,and resistant strains that were positive and negative for ESBLs were tested by the Kirby-Bauer method.Results There were 28 strains of ESBL-producing E.coli,including 11 strains(39.29%) producing TEM beta-lactamases,6 strains(21.43%) producing SHV beta-lactamases,2 strains(7.14%) producing both TEM and SHV beta-lactamases,and 9 strains(32.14%) producing neither TEM nor SHV beta-lactamases.ESBL-producing E.coli had a significantly higher rate of multi-drug resistance(excluding imipenem) compared to strains that were ESBL-negative.Conclusion In southern Sichuan,ESBL-producing E.coli produced primarily TEM beta-lactamases.ESBL-producing E.coli had a significantly higher rate of resistance than strains that were ESBL-negative.


Based on the analysis results of thermogravimetry–differential scanning calorimetry for the Li2CO3/MnO2 mixture powder, the activation energy during each reaction period was calculated by the Ozawa method. LiMn_2O_4 cathode materials were synthesized at different preheating treatment temperatures, and characterized by X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy, and the electrochemical properties of the synthesized materials were determined. The optimum synthesis conditions are a preheating temperature of 600 ℃ and a synthesis temperature of 830 ℃ for 12 h. The LiMn_2O_4 powder synthesized under the optimal conditions has a spinel structure and good morphology. The initial capacity of the LiMn_2O_4 cathode materials is 122 (mA.h)/g with a relatively high capacity for retention 96% after 20 cycles at room temperature.


AIM
The aim of this study was to evaluate in vivo the occurrence of outward fluid flow on primary tooth sound enamel surface.

MATERIALS AND METHODS
Sixty primary upper canines from preadolescent patients (mean age 8.0±1.9) and 24 retained primary upper canines from adult subjects (mean age 35.0±1.8) were analysed. The enamel surface was gently polished and air dried for 10 s. An impression was immediately obtained by vinyl polyxiloxane. Replicas were then obtained by polyether impression material, gold coated and inspected under SEM. The hydrophobic vinyl polyxiloxane material enabled to obtain in situ a morphological image of the presence of droplets, most likely resulting from outward fluids flow through outer enamel. For each sample three different representative areas of 5μ² in the cervical, medium and incisal third were examined and droplets presence values was recorded. All data were analysed by by Fisher's exact test.

RESULTS
Primary enamel showed a substantial permeability expressed as droplets discharge on its surface. Droplets distribution covered, without any specific localisation, the entire enamel surface in all the samples. No signs of post-eruptive maturation with changes in droplets distribution were observed in samples from adult subjects. No statistically significant differences (P = 0.955) were noted in the percentage distribution of enamel area covered with droplets among the two group studied.

CONCLUSION
SEM evaluation of droplets distribution on enamel surface indicated a substantial enamel permeability in primary teeth, accordingly with histological features, without changes during aging. A relationship between enamel permeability, caries susceptibility and bonding procedures effectiveness could be hypothesised.


Background: For a long time, the traditional metaphor thought that " metaphor is just a rhetorical method, a way of expression of meaning transfer, metaphor translation has been regarded as the transformation between languages on the rhetorical level " . From the perspective of modern cognitive psychology, the traditional theory of metaphor translation has obvious defects. Contemporary translation theory also holds that translation is not only a formal transformation between two different language systems, but also an active cognitive process of the translator. Since both of them belong to thinking activities, translation and metaphor are intrinsically related in literal meaning, relevant categories, mapping and working mechanism. Since cognition is the basis of metaphor, which is a universal phenomenon in human language, it is unscientific to avoid the translation of cognition. Poetic metaphor is used to express humor, evoke resonance, explain abstraction, explain science, express one ' s mind and understand idioms. Considering the characteristics of poetic metaphor, the real-time comprehension of poetic metaphor needs the help of relevant psychological mechanism and cognitive procedure. With the development of cognitive linguistics, the translation of metaphor not only stays in the category of rhetoric and functional grammar, but also the cognitive theory is introduced into the translation of metaphor. Cognitive psychology is the psychology that obtains information from the world and takes information processing as the core. The process of cognitive processing is perception, memory, understanding and processing. The translation is the psychological process of obtaining information from the source text and processing it. Therefore, cognitive psychology provides a theoretical basis for translation studies. Objective: Poetic metaphor is a kind of unconventional metaphor, which is characterized by originality, interdependence and trans-regularity. After the introduction of conceptual integration theory into metaphor construction, a series of unconventional metaphors such as poetic metaphors are interpreted and their meaning construction process is analyzed. Because poetic metaphor covers a wide range and is flexible, it is difficult to select materials comprehensively


Department of Nano Magnetic Materials and Devices, College of Technology, Vietnam National University,Hanoi, Viet Nam; Laboratory for Micro-Nano Technology, College of Technology, Vietnam NationalUniversity, Hanoi, Viet Nam Abstract: Present paper deals with the planar Hall effect (PHE) of Ta(5 nm)/NiFe(tf)/Cu(1.2 nm)/NiFe(tp)/IrMn(15 nm)/Ta(5 nm) spin-valve structures. Experimental investigations are performed for 50 ?? 50 ?m2junctions with various thicknesses of free and pinned layer tf 4, 8, 10, 15, 20 nm and tp 2, 3, 6, 8, 9, 12 nm.The results show that the thicker free layers, the higher PHE signal is obtained. In addition, the thickerpinned layers, the lower PHE signal. The highest PHE sensitivity S of 15.6 m??/Oe is obtained in the spin-valve configuration with tf 20 nm and tp 2 nm. This optimum structure is rather promising for micromagnetic bead detections. ?? 2009 IOP Publishing Ltd. Author Keywords: Biosensors; Hall effect; Magnetization reversal; Magnetoresistance Year: 2009 Source title: Journal of Physics: Conference Series Volume: 187 Art. No.: 12056 Link: Scorpus Link Correspondence Address: Tu, B. D.; Department of Nano Magnetic Materials and Devices, College ofTechnology, Vietnam National University, Hanoi, Viet Nam; email: firstname.lastname@example.com ISSN: 17426588 DOI: 10.1088/1742-6596/187/1/012056 Language of Original Document: English Abbreviated Source Title: Journal of Physics: Conference Series Document Type: Article Source: Scopus Authors with affiliations:


Thrombosis of bridging veins has been suggested to be a marker of bridging vein rupture, and thus AHT, in infants with subdural haematoma.


This paper presents a model to enrich an ontology with a thesaurus based on a domain corpus and WordNet. The model is applied to the data privacy domain and the initial domain resources comprise a data privacy ontology, a corpus of privacy laws, regulations and guidelines for projects. Based on these resources, a thesaurus is automatically generated. The thesaurus seeds are composed by the ontology concepts. For these seeds similar terms are extracted from the corpus using known thesaurus generation methods. A filtering process searches for semantic relations between seeds and similar terms within WordNet. As a result, these semantic relations are used to expand the ontology with relations between them and related terms in the corpus. The resulting resource is a hierarchical structure that can help on the ontology investigation and maintenance. The results allow the investigation of the domain knowledge with the support of semantic relations not present on the original ontology.


In many ways, this special issue was inspired by a visit to the University of Washington in 2018. Seitz and his colleagues had just published the algorithms that enabled their now famous Obama video, in which a few hours of simple audio clips could drive a high-quality video lip syncing. At the end of the video, a young Obama audio clip is parroted perfectly by a video version of Obama who is twice his age. This is likely the most canonical, if not the original ''deepfake'' video. It is enabled by machine learning, which uses multiple videos as a training set to categorize speech into ''mouth shapes,'' which are then integrated into an existing target video. The outcome is a stunningly real video that few would give a second glance to—it simply looks like President Obama talking. Aside from the realism of the videos, there were two striking things about Seitz's presentation. First, the algorithms that build deepfakes are easier to build than detect, based on the very nature of the Generative Adversarial Networks employed according to Goodfellow, these models are constructed by pitting ''counterfeiters'' against ''police,'' and successful models by definition have already shown that the fake can beat detection methods. Indeed, since deepfakes have migrated from top computer science laboratories to cheap software platforms all over the world, researchers are also focusing on defensive algorithms that could detect the deception (see Tolosana et al., for a recent review). But Seitz was not confident about this strategy, and likened the spiral of deception and detection with an arms race, with the algorithms that deceive having the early advantage compared with those that detect. The second eye opener was the many social and psychological questions that these deepfakes raised: does exposure to deepfakes undermine trust in the media? How might deepfakes be used during social interactions? Are there strategies for debunking or countering deepfakes? There has been ample work done in computer science on automatic generation and detection of deepfakes, but to date there have only been a handful of social scientists who have examined the social impact of the technology. It is time to understand the possible effects deepfakes might have on people, and how psychological and media theories apply.


Abstract Cytosporaphenones D (1) and E (2), two new polyketones, and one new natural product 1,7-dihydroxy-6-methyl-8-formylxanthone (3), along with four known compounds, were isolated from Cytospora rhizophorae, an endophytic fungus from Morinda officinalis. Their structures were elucidated by extensive spectroscopic analyses and X-ray diffraction technique. Graphical Abstract


In the field of face recognition, large-scale web-collected datasets are essential for learning discriminative representations, but they suffer from noisy identity labels, such as outliers and label flips. It is beneficial to automatically cleanse their label noise for improving recognition accuracy. Unfortunately, existing cleansing methods cannot accurately identify noise in the wild. To solve this problem, we propose an effective automatic label noise cleansing framework for face recognition datasets, FaceGraph. Using two cascaded graph convolutional networks, FaceGraph performs global-to-local discrimination to select useful data in a noisy environment. Extensive experiments show that cleansing widely used datasets, such as CASIA-WebFace, VGGFace2, MegaFace2, and MS-Celeb-1M, using the proposed method can improve the recognition performance of state-of-the-art representation learning methods like Arcface. Further, we cleanse massive self-collected celebrity data, namely MillionCelebs, to provide 18.8M images of 636K identities. Training with the new data, Arcface surpasses state-of-the-art performance by a notable margin to reach 95.62% TPR at 1e-5 FPR on the IJB-C benchmark.


THE latest Critical Bibliography to appear was the sixty-second which was published in Isis (34, 4294, 1942), but two bibliographies, nos. 58 and 59, are thus far unavailable to the majority of our readers because of the German invasion of Belgium. The bibliography no. 58 has actually been published in Isis (vol. 31, 491-608, April 1940), but only eight copies of the issue containing it (no. 84 of Isis completing vol. 31) have reached America in 1941. This sixty-third bibliography contains about 800 items. They have been kindly contributed by the eleven following scholars belonging to four different countries:


The invention relates to a pre-stressed combined frame of thin wall section steels and concrete, and a construction method thereof. The pre-stressed combined frame of the thin wall section steels and the concrete is formed by connecting a combined beam and a combined column, wherein the combined column is formed by filling the concrete into the interior of a hollow steel column, the hollow steel column is a frame formed by connecting the thin wall section steels which have one-to-one correspondence relations through horizontal batten plates or horizontal steel bars which are arranged at intervals, the batten plates or the steel bars are sequentially arranged along the height direction of the thin wall section steels in parallel, the combined beam is formed by installing pre-stressed tendons inside a hollow steel beam and then filling the concrete into the hollow steel beam, the hollow steel beam is a frame formed by connecting the thin wall section steels which are corresponding through lengthways batten plates or lengthways steel bars which are arranged at intervals, the pre-stressed tendons are arranged along the length direction of the hollow steel beam, the lengthways batten plates or the lengthways steel bars are sequentially arranged along the length direction of the thin wall section steels in parallel, and panel points are formed by inserting the combined beam into two adjacent batten plates or two adjacent steel bars and then pouring the concrete. According to the pre-stressed combined frame of the thin wall section steels and the concrete, and the construction method thereof, multi-layer and high-rise public buildings and large-bay public buildings can be built, and the application range of cold-formed thin wall section steels is expanded in pioneering mode. Furthermore, the panel points in the frame structure are simple in structure.


Bourne, M., M. Franco-Santos, P. Micheli, and A. Pavlov. 2018. "Performance Measurement and Management: A System of Systems Perspective." International Journal of Production Research 56 (8): 2788–2799. doi:10.1080/00207543.2017.1404159. Kuhn, T. 1962. The Structure of Scientific Revolutions. Chicago: University of Chicago Press. Lowe, T., and D. Plimmer. 2019. Exploring the New World: Practical Insights for Funding, Commissioning and Managing in Complexity. London: Collaborate and Newcastle Business School. Lowe, T., and R. Wilson. 2017. "Playing the Game of Outcomes-based Performance Management. Is Gamesmanship Inevitable? Evidence from Theory and Practice." Social Policy and Administration 51 (7): 981–1001. doi:10.1111/spol.12205. Mizrahi, S. 2017. Public Policy and Performance Management in Democratic Systems: Theory and Practice. London: Springer. Smith, M., and U. S. Bititci. 2017. "Interplay between Performance Measurement and Management, Employee Engagement and Performance." International Journal of Operations & Production Management 37 (9): 1207–1228. doi:10.1108/IJOPM-06-2015-0313.


Agreement between the government of the federal republic of germany and the government of the polish republic concerning frontier crossings and types of traffic across the frontier. Bonn, 6 november 1992 [united nations, treaty series, vol. 1708, i-29545.]


The cost of credit is interalia, a factor which may affect the extent of utilization of credit by the farmers. The salient feature of a credit transaction is that current claims over resources are exchanged for future ones, and the delivery of future claims may not be fully assured (Bell, 1988). The transaction costs include costs of information, negotiation, monitoring, coordination and enforcement of contracts at various levels. The transaction cost theory has been extended in imperfect information theory, which is a key to the institutions giving various contractual arrangements under different circumstances. These interlinked arrangements may arise when there are significant transaction costs. North (1990) considers transaction costs as a part of costs of production. What about transacting that is so costly? The information costs in ascertaining the level of individual attributes of each unit exchanged defines the costliness of transacting. Farmers may find their loans costly, moderately priced or relatively cheap depending upon the magnitude of cost of credit. Similarly, credit institutions have to bear delivery cost, administrative cost, management cost etc. Hence, it becomes essential to examine the cost of credit involved in an agricultural loan both from demand as well as supply side. Bottomley (1964) has analyzed the monopoly profit as a component of 'usurious' rate of interest in underdeveloped areas. The component will decrease with the availability of alternative options, increased awareness of borrowers and also increase in value of collaterals. Thus, administration costs per unit of loan will also fall alongwith the premium for risk as the acceptance of collateral grows and also along with transaction cost to the farmer. So, increased productivity will reduce the rate of interest. Long (1968) way back examined the structure of Asian farm credit markets and found that commercial lenders are charging higher rates than other creditors. High rates of interest in Asia are attributed to the scarcity of capital,


Motivation: Electrospray tandem mass spectrometry (ESI-MS/MS) is commonly used in high-throughput metabolomics. However, one of the key obstacles to the effective use of this technology is the difficulty in processing measured spectra to accurately and efficiently identify


Objective To investigate inhibitory effects of 5F from Pteris semiinnata L. on proliferation of Non-small cell lung cancer NCI-H460 cells. Methods NCI-H460 cell growth inhibition mediated by 5F was detected by MTT. PI-Hoechst double staining and TUNEL assay were used to observe cell apoptosis. Flow cytometer was used to determine the effect of 5F on the content of DNA in cells. Results 5F displayed growth inhibitory activity against NCI-H460 cells with IC50 values of 21.40,4.52 and 1.02 μg/ml at the point of 24,48 and 72 hours. 5F could induce apoptosis. NCI-H460 cells treated by 5F were arrestet in G2/M. Conclusion In vitro 5F significantly inhibited the proliferation of NCI-H460 cells and the activity might be realized through inducing apoptosis.


The purposes of this study can be summarized in defining the improvement of customer service, and inventory control as a result of installing an automated system in Kastero market in terms of efficiency, effectiveness, benefits, and usefulness of services provided by this system. The key findings of the study is that the service provided to the customers of Kastero market, and  the inventory control process at Kastero market as a result of installing the automated system is improved to a medium degree, and it is also preferable to the customers to a medium degree. Most recommended to Kastero market to install the automated system, and continuously update, and improve the efficiency, and effectiveness of this automated system which will help to improve customer service, and inventory control as proposed.


These are some remarks related to the interesting Note "Kammer's Test Gives Characterizations for Convergezlce and Divergence of all Positive Senes" by Jengching Tong ([4]). (All sequences below have positive terms.) In slightly changed notation (see below), Kummer's test for convergence (developed in [2]) says: a series £1ak is convergent if there is a (strongly decreasing) sequence {Ck}o with ck_ l ck 2 c ak; the positive constant c is not important, and we shall mostly take it equal to 1. For a proof note that E(ck_l-Ck) is convergent (its partial sums are bounded by c0, by telescoping), and then, by the inequality, Eak also converges (comparison test). (This is essentially the proof given by U. Dini [1], p. 66 (Opere) and by O. Stolz [3], p. 259. Kummer assumed lim ck = 0; however one can always adjust the ck so that this holds, as noted by Dini, [1], p. 49 (Opere).) But note now that any convergent series Lbk can be written in the form S(ck_l-Ck) as above; take for ck the series remainder Ek+lAi Thus Kummer's convergence criterion can be stated as: a series Eak converges if (and trivially only if) there is a converging series £bk th-at majorizes it term by term; it is exactly the basic comparison test (which had been introduced explicitly by Cauchy in 1821)! (Kummer's own proof does not quote the comparison test; he proves his assertion by estimating the series sections m+lak; his argument is actually quite similar to that of Dini and Stolz.) The opening paragraph of Kummer's paper (written when he was 23, two years after his Ph.D., while he was teaching at a Gymnasium in a small town in Silesia) is quite striking; he says that since no universally valid criterion for convergence or divergence has ever been found he was looking for a method to test an arbitrary series, the test being contained in the following theorems. (Indeed he says later on that his convergence test and his divergence test [see below] give a decision for every series.) I wonder whether he realized how close to the comparison test he was. His real contribution and insight here was to take the bk in the form ck_l ck 'and to write the ck as products mkak (actually he wrote his condition as f(k) = mkak/ak+l mk+l 2 c, or rather "f(k) > 0 for k = °°"!, assuming apparently that the sequence f(k) must converge); as he himself, Dini, and others showed, fairly simple choices of the mk lead to many good tests for specific series or classes of series. (Taking mk-1, one gets Cauchy's ratio criterion, comparison with the geometric series; with mk = k one is led to Raabe's criterion, etc (see [4]).) Kummer also gave a test for divergence (not the one quoted in [4]; that one was introduced by Dini in [1]). It seems to me that the proof contains a mistake that makes it invalid; Kummer seems to assume that the sequence mkak/ak+l-mk+l


A�Large number of epileptic people in developing countries are confronted with unpleasant incidents that may be due to inadequate instructions. If they were given enough care, they most likely would live as normal individuals and could restart their daily activities. Consequently, they would be less influenced by psychological and bodily effects of epilepsy. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of self-care education on knowledge and functions of epileptic individuals who referred to selected educational hospitals of Tehran University of Medical Sciences in 2008.

 Materials & Methods: This study was accomplished over 120 patients who were divided by a systematic method into two groups: an experimental and a control group. In the first step, the demographic information of the patients was collected and a survey investigating both groups' knowledge and functions was carried out through a questionnaire. Then the experimental group was instructed using appropriate educational materials. The second step of the study was accomplished one month after the last session of the instruction by re-examining both groups' knowledge using the same initial questionnaire.

 Results: The results show that patients' knowledge and function scores of experimental group were increased and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.001). There was no significant difference between the scores of the first and the second test of the control group.

 Conclusion: Self-education of epileptic people not only increases their knowledge and affects their functions but also encourages them to take care of themselves which prevents re-hospitalization


Copycat Pi is a modified raspberry pi that will be turn into a data acquisition tools. The function of the Copycat Pi is to copy all the data from source drive to the targeted drive. The method that will be involved when copying the data is logical acquisition method. For this project, the type of the file be copied is disk to disk. The copied also will be verified with md5 hashing to ensure the integrity of the disk. Evidence data from the crime scene is vulnerable to the modification or being delete if the forensic team did not act fast enough.


Extending the concept of texture to the geometry of a mesh manifold surface is an emerging topic in image processing. This concept is different from gluing images to the surface, but rather indicates the presence of relief patterns that locally change the surface geometry, showing some regular and repetitive pattern. In this paper, we propose an efficient and effective framework to address this novel task, which encompasses the convolution operation and the casting of a variety of Local Binary Pattern on the mesh manifold. Results show that our technique outperforms the existing state-of-the-art methods in the challenging task of relief patterns classification.


The utility model discloses a drilling machine for air holes. The drilling machine comprises a rack, the front of the rack is connected with a rotating table driven by a rotating power mechanism in a rotatable mode, and the rear of the rack is connected with a machining table base which longitudinally slides along the rack. A supporting beam is connected with the upper portion of the machining table base and longitudinally slides along the machining table base. A sliding base is connected to the front of the supporting beam and slides vertically, and a rotating base is installed on the sliding base. A positioning base is installed on the rotating base and driven by a positioning power device and slides in the length direction of the rotating base. A feeding support is installed on the positioning base and driven by a feeding power device and slides along the positioning base. A drilling main machine is connected to the feeding support, wherein a drill bit is arranged at the front end of the drilling main machine. According to the structure, multi-angle and multi-portion air hole machining can be performed on tire molds through one-off clamping, the machining range of the tire molds can be enlarged, machining time is greatly shortened, and besides machining precision and machining efficiency are improved.


As result of studies it is established that different meadow clover varieties have identical effect on soil fertility and yields of the following grain crops in rotation. Positive effect of mineral fertilizers on grain crops yields both with furrow layer and turned-over furrow has been ascertained.


Objective:Several predictors of treatment response in late-life depression have been reported in the literature. The aim of this analysis was to develop a clinically useful algorithm that would allow clinicians to predict which patients will likely respond to treatment and thereby guide clinical decision making. Method: A total of 461 patients with late-life depression were treated under structured conditions for up to 12 weeks and assessed weekly with the 17-item Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression (HAM-D-17). The authors developed a hierarchy of predictors of treatment response using signal-detection theory. The authors developed two models, one minimizing false predictions of future response and one minimizing false predictions of future nonresponse, to offer clinicians two clinically useful treatment algorithms. Results: In the first model, early symptom improvement (defined by the relative change in HAM-D-17 total score from baseline to week 4), lower baseline anxiety, and an older age of onset pred...


Opuntia ficus-indica has been reported to be used in folk medicine due to its diverse pharmacological effects. Maceration method was employed in the determination of antioxidant activity and antibacterial effects of the plant leaf using Three (3) different solvents (methanol, ethanol and aqueous). The following isolates; S. aureus, S. pneumoniae, K. pneumonia, E. coli and S. typhi were tested using agar well diffusion method. Meanwhile, the antioxidant activity of the plant extract was carried out through the determination of total antioxidant capacity assay and reducing power assay. Hence, the leaf extracts showed various levels of activity on the different test organisms; The methanolic leaf extract showed highest antibacterial activity against all tested organisms followed by ethanolic extract and finally aqueuos extract with least antibacterial activity against the tested bacterial isolates as showed in S. pneumoniae methanol extracts (17.5±0.66mm), ethanol extract recorded 15.2±0.76mm in S. aureus, and aqueuos extract showed 10.7±0.76mm in both E. coli and S. typhi. On the other hand, the minimum inhibitory concentration in methanolic extract indicated least value in K. pneumoniae with 6.2±0.03 mg\mL, followed by ethanolic extract with 12.4±0.32mg\ml in S. typhi, and aqueuos extract with 29.5±0.12mg\mL in E. Coli. The ability of the methanolic extract to reduce Fe3+ to Fe2+ and Cu2+to Cu+ in reducing power assay and total antioxidant capacity respectively using ascorbic acid as a standard reveal it's antioxidant property. The present study suggests that the methanolic leaf extract of Opuntia ficus-indica may contain compounds that can form the basis for the development of a chemopreventive agent against free radical damage and development of novel antibacterial chemotherapeutic agent.


Large groups of animals or people are able to solve complex motion coordination problems without centralized planning or explicit communication. This observation forms the basis for a fully autonomous robots coordination method, which allows solving conflict situations involving groups of robots operating in complex environment. The method is based on modeling the most basic instinct of survival, which is fear. The fear model allows robots to determine priority in situations involving single robots and groups of robots. Disturbing the symmetry of the algorithm allows solving complex problems like deadlocks in narrow passages. The method presented in this paper has been tested in simulation and in reality, giving very promising results. 


The restore algorithm of the image blurred by motion is proposed, and a mathematical model based on motion blur system is eomtrueted£®The Point spread function of the motion blur is given According to the characteristics of blurred images the parameters of point spread function are estimated ,and three methods are introduced for image restoration. The three methods are inverse filtering of image restoration, Lucy-Richardson image restoration and Wiener image restoration. The principles of the three image restoration methods are analyzed. The motion blurred image restoration experiment is made. The results show that the visibility of the image is improved, and the image restoration is more stable.


ASABE members have long recognized that the intersection of our dependence on energy, the stress on our water supply, our need to grow more food, and the resulting impact on our environment is the "grand challenge" of our time. Agriculture is at the heart of this intersection, relying on access to energy and a supply of fresh water to safely grow, process, and distribute our food. An increase in food production is required due to population growth, which includes an increase in meat consumption as more countries develop economically.


Background: NAFLD is a clinical spectrum ranging from steatosis (fatty infiltration) to steatosis with inflammation, necrosis, fibrosis and cirrhosis resembling alcoholic hepatitis in the absence of alcoholic abuse. The aim of this work was to determine early renal functional alterations in overweight / obese children and adolescents with NAFLD, as assessed by estimated glomerular filtration rate using cystatin C, and to evaluate its relation to the degree and various clinic-laboratory parameters of NAFLD.
Methods: This case control research included 60 overweight and obese children and adolescent. The Cases were classified into two equal groups: group 1: overweight or obese children and adolescents with NAFLD and group 2: overweight or obese children and adolescents without NAFLD. Twenty healthy age-and-sex matched children with BMI less than the 85th percentile for age and sex were chosen as controls.
Results: There was significantly positive correlation among serum cystatin C and weight, BMI, Waist/Hip ratio, ALT, AST, cholesterol, Hip circumference, Fasting plasma insulin and Insulin resistance. There was significantly negative correlation among serum cystatin C and eGFR. There were significant negative correlations between eGFR and weight z score, BMI z score, hip circumference, waist/hip ratio, ALT, AST, cholesterol, fasting plasma insulin, insulin resistance and cystatin C.
Conclusions: Serum Cystatin C correlated significantly to the degree of hepatic steatosis. Values of eGFR were significantly lower in NAFLD patients compared to those without NAFLD and controls. The reduction in eGFR was correlated significantly with the degree of hepatic steatosis. There was a statistically significant negative correlation between serum cystatin C and eGFR. Levels of eGFR were significantly correlated with weight, BMI, W/H ratio, ALT, AST, cholesterol and insulin resistance.


We study the planetary motion with virtual experiments based on intuitive and elementary physical arguments that allow reinterpret the popular Verlets method. This methodology is based on the uniformly motion and this can be used in the basic course of Newtonian mechanics to study the Kepler's laws, because this methodology does not include advanced mathematics. With these virtual experiments it is possible to know the position of the planets as a function of time, situation that cannot be calculated analytically. The precision of the method is evaluated by monitoring the conservation of energy and the conservation the angular momentum.


The present invention is in the fields of biochemistry, molecular biology, and Alzheimer's disease diagnosis, prevention, and treatment Provided herein are humanized antibodies against human tau that are capable of discriminating between normal (healthy) and pathological (disease-associated) tau.


treatment. Professor Knox is certainly right in separating the text of the manual from the additions which are lecture notes. Both form indeed two different books, and the attentive reader will notice two different styles, the condensed style of the written word and the freer style of the spoken word. Hegel's lecturing was more thinking aloud and meditating than a speech addressed to others. Lasson's useful headings of the additions are unfortunately omitted. It would be most ungenerous not to acknowledge the enormous amount of work which has gone into the making of a most readable book. But the reader must realize that Hegel is almost untranslatable because of the essential ambiguity of many of his terms and because of his most arbitrary coinage of new expressions outside common usage. Under these conditions every translation must become an interpretation. Reference to the original at important points may not be out of place. This comparison will show that the translation is very felicitous in most places whereas at others room for doubt is possible; e.g. Leitfaden is "manual," not "guiding thread" (the logic was originally a Leitfaden too)." In §331 "an identity between the state and its neighbour" seems to give a false reference to the word beider, which, I suppose, refers to "an identity of the formal and material element." The end of §13 "will is thinking reason resolving itself to finitude" would perhaps improve by substituting "limitation" or "determination" for "finitude," for the point in question is the limitation or determination of something infinite or indefinite. The reader will experience the great value of the translation if he tries to read the original and compares his own interpretation, at every step, with that of the translation. F. H. HEINEMANN.


With the research methods of literature study,expert interview and on-the-spot investigation,the paper analyses and investigates the economic environment and the current development of the sports industry in Jiangsu province.The paper points out that the rapid economic development,improvement of people's consuming ability and urban commercial advantage have provided decent economic environment for the sports industry development in Jiangsu province.The rapid development of the tertiary industry has improved the development of the sports industry in Jiangsu province.There are sports competition performance,sports fitness service,sports product marketing and sports lottery in Jiangsu province.The sports industry market is based on the sports service industry and is featured with sports competition performance.


Oil palm genetic improvement in America was started to improve crop yields and to produce resistant interspecific hybrids (OxG) to endemic diseases. Bud rot (PC) has been for more than the three past decades a devastating disease of plantations of Elaeis guineensis. Elaeis oleifera has shown resistance to this disease and this characteristic is inherited to their progeny. The interspecific hybrids (OxG) are materials that have the potential for further research in agriculture. But, the low capacity of insect pollination and low percentage of pollen germination of the interspecific hybrids (OxG) increase production costs. Therefore the use of assisted pollination at present becomes essential to maintain crops of interspecific hybrids. This dissertation seeks to evaluate the germination percentage of three interspecific hybrids (OxG): Taisha x Avros, Taisha x La Me and Coari x La Me. These hybrids were compared with pure species regarding percentage of pollen germination. The results of this study showed that pure species E. guineensis and E. oleifera, have a pollen germination rate between 94,92±0,03% and 94% respectively, while the interspecific hybrids (OxG) Taisha x La Me, Taisha x Avros and Coari x La Me presented a germination rate of 16,82±0,06%, 12,14±0,06% and 9,65±0,07%. The results showed a normal fruit formation influenced by the female parent's origin. Taisha x La Me was the female parent presenting higher percentages of normal fruit formation (37,57±0,1%), when Coari x La Me's pollen was used. This asseveration requires further research. On the other hand, the average percentage of parthenocarpic fruits conformation in the bunch was not statistically different for all treatments (between 9 and 30% of parthenocarpic fruits). This shows that the genetic origin of the mothers and the origin of the pollen do not influence the formation of parthenocarpic fruits. The results showed that Taisha x La Me crosses as mother and pollen from Coari x La Me, Taisha x Avros and Taisha x La Me form clusters with normal proportions of normal and parthenocarpic fruits (about 30% per each). Pollen Coari x La Me has the better rate normal and parthenocarpic fruits. These crosses are commonly used for commercial exploitation. However there is a further need to find better ways to increase the weight of the cluster.


The pKa value of arrayed carboxy groups
and that of groups dissolved in solution can easily be determined by
electrochemical desorption of a self-assembled monolayer of
carboxy-terminated thiols in aqueous solutions.


The experimental phase of the program was oriented toward developing growth configurations which produced crystals having low residual stress levels. It was found that some slot designs, especially thick lids with narrow slots tended to produce crystals with high residual stress, however these lids also were conducive to melts with minimal temperature fluctuations and relatively flat temperature profiles. Several runs were also made to evaluate the properties of a 106 mm diameter round crucible which in principle should have a superior thermal profile. Thermal modeling efforts were directed to developing finite element models of both the 106 mm round crucible and an elongated susceptor/crucible configuration for the new furnace system. The model for the larger round crucible was completed and predicted a very satisfactory temperature distribution. Additionally, the separate thermal model for the heat loss modes from the dendritic web itself was examined for guidance in reducing the thermal stress in the web. An economic analysis has been prepared in order to evaluate the silicon web process present and expected future status as related to the 1982 and 1986 price goals.


There is need for students of tertiary institutions to enjoy the enormous benefits of Web 2.0 technologies and tools which students use mainly for entertainment and recreation. This necessitated this investigation on the extent business educators in southeast Nigeria are aware of and adopt Web 2.0 technologies for educational instruction. Two research questions guided the study and four null hypotheses were tested at 0.05 level of significance. The survey design was adopted for the study. Population of the study was 144 business educators and there was no sampling. The research instrument was a structured 5-point scale questionnaire validated by three experts in ICT and measurement and evaluation. The reliability of the instrument was established using Split half method. Mean was used to answer the research questions while t-test was used to test the null hypotheses. The study found that the respondents were highly aware of Web 2.0 technologies and adopt Web 2.0 technologies for class interaction to a very low extent. The study also found that age was a factor in business educators' rating of awareness and adoption of Web 2.0 technologies for educational instruction while sex, years of experience in teaching and type of institution did not affect their response. It was recommended, among others, that management of tertiary institutions should train business educators on the usage of Web 2.0 for educational activities.


57 ABSTRACT A process for preparing cyclic organohydrogensilox anes. The process comprises contacting an organohy drogendichlorosilane with about a stoichiometric equivalent of water to form a hydrolyzate. The hydro lyzate is diluted in an inert solvent and contacted with an acidic rearrangement catalyst to effect formation of cyclic organohydrogensiloxanes. The cyclic organohy drogensiloxanes are separated from inert solvent and linear organohydrogensiloxanes. The inert solvent and linear organohydrogensiloxanes are then recycled to the process for further contact with the acidic rear rangement catalyst.


This thesis presents the work in the area of automatic speech recognition (ASR). The focus is on performing a task to recognize a phoneme (basic unit of sound in a speech). Several approach towards the automatic speech recognition have been reviewed including the state-of-the-art system and a template based approach was chosen. The phoneme samples are processed by using the Mel-Frequency Cepstral Coefficient (MFCC) feature extraction technique and transformed into a set of feature vectors. After, in order to determine the similarity between a test utterance and pre-recorded reference utterance the Dynamic Time Warping (DTW) algorithm is used compare the corresponding feature vectors. A speech recognition system requires knowledge and expertise from wide range of disciplines. Therefore it is important for a speech recognition researcher to have a good understanding of the fundamentals of the speech recognition. This thesis starts with the knowledge of human speech production and perception system and its influence in the ASR technology. Later, different approaches to perform the speech recognition task has been reviewed and a typical speech recognition architecture is presented. After the mel-frequency cepstral coefficient (MFCC) feature extraction technique and the dynamic time warping (DTW) algorithm is explained in details. At the end during the experiment several recognition test is conducted for a set of phoneme utterances. The experimental results indicates that the template matching approach does not perform well for a very short segment of sound such as phoneme. However further investigation with more samples from multiple speaker is required to confirm this outcome.


By incompletely understood mechanisms, MI patients sustain systemic metabolic disorder. Adipocytes are an important cellular type regulating energy homeostasis. The impact of MI upon adipocyte function remains unknown. Exosomes (Exo) are critical vehicles mediating organ-organ communication. However, whether and how Exo may mediate post-MI cardiomyocyte/adipocyte communication have not been previously investigated. Adult male mice were subjected to MI/R. Serum Exo were isolated 3 hours after R and incubated with 3T3L cells for 24 hours. Compared to control, MI/R Exo significantly altered the expression of 17 genes known to be important in adipocyte function. GO analysis revealed that genes associated with endoplasmic reticulum (ER) function and adipocyte endocrine function are the primary two pathways altered by MI/R Exo. Venn analysis identified 11 mi-RNAs as cardiac-enriched, adipocyte-poor, and ER function-related miRNAs. RT-qPCR confirmed the miR-23a/27a/24-2 family members are the most markedly increased mi-RNAs in MI/R Exo. Incubation of 3T3L cells with mi-R27a mimic significantly downregulated EDEM3, DsBA-L, and PPARγ, and upregulated PERK and CHOP. Conversely, mi-R27a inhibitor significantly decreased the impact of MI/R Exo upon ER function genes. Additional studies demonstrated EDEM3 and PPARγ (two critical molecules maintaining ER function and adipocyte endocrine function) to be direct targets of mi-R27a. One of the most significant endocrine molecules of adipocyte origin, adiponectin is regulated by PPARγ at the transcriptional level and by DsBA-L at the post-translational level. We next determined whether MI/R Exo may affect adiponectin expression/assembly. Incubation of 3T3L cells with MI/R Exo significantly inhibited total and high molecular weight adiponectin expression, an effect blocked by miR27a mimic. Finally, in vivo administration of GW4869 (Exo biogenesis inhibitor) or miR27a inhibitor attenuated adipocyte ER dysfunction and restored plasma adiponectin level in MI/R animals. We demonstrate for the first time that MI/R causes significant adipocyte ER and endocrine dysfunction by Exo mediated cardiomyocyte/adipocyte communication via miR-23a/27a/24-2.


1. The cosmic history is open toward the future and follows the laws of chaos. (Chaos means: A small improvement can start a process, which in function of time, produces profound alternations. This alternations can change the whole future of the system) 2. Human history follows the same mechanisms of the theory of chaos. 3. Human history is open and not determinated in the direction of the future: - History is subject to "chance"; - History is subject to the laws of chaos. 4. The future of the cosmos can be understood within the nonlinear dynamics of an open and selforganizational system, subject to the laws of chaos. 5. By the emergence of new structures in the cosmos, can be observed a certain structural matrix. 6. This same matrix can also be applied to the Christian view of future, called the Kingdom of God. 7. Kingdom of God is a process! - The process of its construction already has begun; - It does not follow the deterministic laws of the mechanistic model; - It can be understood within the non-linear dynamic of an open and self-organizational system, subject to the laws of chaos; 8. The concept of hope for the universe and humanity has its basis in the history of cross and resurrection of Jesus Christ.Renold Blank


This paper examines if there are value and momentum effects in the New Zealand housing market across different regions. It is found that the short-term momentum effect exists with the winner regions in the past year outperforming the loser regions in the following year by 2.06%, mainly from capital gains, after adjusting for the market risk. The house returns exhibit long-term reversal with the winner regions in the last six years underperforming the loser regions in each of the next eight years due to lower capital gains. A value effect is present with regions with high rent-price ratios outperforming those with low rent-price ratios in each of the next seven years due to persistent higher rental yields. However, both the reversal effect and value effect can be explained by the market risk.


In order to effectively analyze or evaluate the performance of Wireless Local Area Networks (WLANs), it is important to identify what types of network settings can cause bad performance in the network when analyzing poor network performance, there is an important factor which is responsible for poor performance is when a number of users may obtain a much larger share of the available bandwidth in access point in a limited boundary as provided in the concept of cell breathing technique. In this paper, we proposed a new concept in which we can set bandwidth limitation so that no user can access data more than the specified limit for a particular access point. In this way the different users will get an efficient access over the network.


Special issues with regional topics and articles Acoustics is a broad subject matter, as you know, that currently employs hundreds of us across the country in fields as different as teaching, research, consulting and others. To reflect such diversity and to -maybe- help each of us discover a new professional in the neighborhood, the Canadian Acoustics journal is currently inviting submissions for a series of special "regional" journal issues from individuals, groups and companies located within the greater-areas of major cities in Canada. After the successful Special issues that the Canadian Acoustics journal has published in June 2015, with several contributions from Montreal, the next special issue is tentatively programmed for June 2016, and will mainly include contributions from the Greater Toronto Area.


Chapter 1: Introduction On the nature of viruses Virus physiology and nomenclature Baculoviridae The host and viral immunity Baculovirus occlusion derived virus (ODV) Receptor binding and fusion Thesis organization References Chapter 2: ODV-E56 is PIF-8 and is non-essential to binding and fusion ABSTRACT BACKGROUND MATERIALS AND METHODS RESULTS DISCUSSION AUTHOR CONTRIBUTIONS ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS REFERENCES TABLES AND FIGURESBACKGROUND MATERIALS AND METHODS RESULTS DISCUSSION AUTHOR CONTRIBUTIONS ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS REFERENCES TABLES AND FIGURES Chapter 3: A peptide that binds the gut epithelium of Heliothis virescens has similarity to the baculovirus envelope protein ODV-E66 and impedes infection with wild type baculovirus SUMMARY INTRODUCTION RESULTS DISCUSSION MATERIALS AND METHODS ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS REFERENCES TABLES AND FIGURES Chapter 4: Discussion and Conclusions REFERENCES


The current algorithm of choice for performing atom probe reconstructions is the point projection method. This algorithm makes a number of geometric assumptions regarding the apex shape and field evaporated ion trajectories: assuming ions follow a mathematical projection off a hemispherical cap onto a plane representing the detector [1]. These simplistic assumptions are particularly problematic when considering heterogeneous materials systems, such as semiconductors, where they fail to capture the changes in sample geometry due to microstructure with differing evaporation fields, dielectric behavior, laser anisotropy, and underlying crystallography. These properties influence the trajectories of evaporated ions and introduce distortions into point projection reconstructions [2].


We examine the problem of determining whether a set of locked transactions, accessing a distributed database, is guaranteed to produce only serializable schedules. For a pair of transactions we prove that this concurrency control problem (which is polynomially solvable for centralized databases) is in general coNP-complete. We employ a new graph-theoretic technique and provide an efficient test for the special case of databases distributed between two sites only.


High ambient temperatures cause susceptibility to heat stress in broiler chickens, generating metabolic changes. This paper seeks to determine the changes in blood biochemistry and plasma corticosterone concentration, as well as in glucose, total protein, albumin, globulin, sodium, chlorine, potassium, magnesium, phosphorus, and calcium in broiler chickens under chronic heat stress and at ambient temperature conditions at the Colombian Amazonian piedmont. 21-days-old male chickens of two lines were studied, distributed in an unrestricted random design, in a two-factor scheme, with four treatments. Five repetitions per treatment were performed, and 25 animals per experimental unit examined. Broilers were fed a basic diet of corn and soybean meal with 3,100 kcal ME and 19.5% protein until they reached 42 days of age. The line factor had no effect on the evaluated variables (p ≥ 0.05). However, there was statistically significant difference (p ≤ 0.05) in all variables when concentrations of metabolites in broilers under chronic heat stress were compared to those of chickens exposed to ambient temperatures at the Colombian Amazon piedmont. In conclusion, blood biochemistry suffered significant changes under both experimental temperatures, with more physiological detriment in broilers under chronic heat stress. Concentration of corticosterone became the most sensitive and consistent indicator of the physiological condition of chronic heat stress.