An alternative approach to the Hurwitz (H) transformation reducing Euclidean space E8 to Euclidean space E5 is developed. It is shown how refusal of the bilinearity condition leads to the replacement of the H‐transformation by its modified nonbilinear (left and right) version: HL‐ and HR‐transformations. The HL(HR)‐transformation of the specific type eight‐dimensional hyperspherical coordinates is investigated. The radial coordinate u and the polar angle θ/2, in this approach, transform into u2 and θ, respectively, like in the H‐case. Action of these transformations on the remaining hyperspherical coordinates, unlike in the H‐case, is equivalent to the invariance (shutting) of one angular triplet and the shutting (invariance) of another triplet. The connection of HL and HR with H is established and the structure of the H‐transformation itself is revealed on this basis.


Abstract In an effort to help increase the reader's understanding of the deaf and hard-of-hearing community, the author of this paper will attempt to describe and define this population. Specific mental health concerns of this population reviewed in the literature will be noted, and mental health needs of the population will be identified. Ethical and legal considerations found in the literature will be reviewed. Characteristics of specialized training programs for counselors working with the deaf and hard-of-hearing will be discussed, and recommendations for the establishment of more effective, comprehensive, and specialized training programs for counselors working with deaf and hard-of-hearing clients will be provided.


printing supported by . Visit Chiesi at Stand B2.10 TUESDAY, SEPTEMBER 4TH 2012 of advice on measurement of immunoglobulins in current Interstitial Lung Disease guidelines. While CVID is uncommon, awareness, early diagnosis and effective treatment can reduce morbidity, mortality and complications and improve quality of life. P3675 Electrocardiographic characteristics in patients with sarcoidosis Elias Gialafos1, Vasileios Kouranos2, Alfonso Jurado Roman3, Maria Gallego3, Juan Jimenez3, Anastasios Kallianos4, Ourania Anagnostopoulou2, John Arapis2, Aggeliki Rapti4, George Tzelepis5. 11st Cardiology Unit, University of Athens, Greece; 28th Pulmonary Clinic, General Hospital of Chest Diseases "Sotiria", Athens, Greece; 3Cardiology Clinic, Heart Hospital UCL, London, United Kingdom; 42nd Pulmonary Clinic, General Hospital of Chest Diseases "Sotiria", Athens, Greece; 5Department of Therapeutics, University of Athens, Greece Background: Several studies have emphasized on the importance of early identification of cardiac sarcoidosis. Aim of our study is the evaluation of electrocardiographic (ECG) characteristics in a cohort of sarcoidosis patients indicating myocardial involvement. Methods: Consecutive patients with biopsy proven sarcoidosis (n=315) were examined from October 2002 through October 2011. Exclusion criteria were presence of pacemaker and/or implantable cardioverter defribrillator. Heart rate (HR), PQ, QRS, QT and QT corrected intervals, P,QRS and T wave axis were collected. Also, complete and incomplete right (RBBB) and left (LBBB) bundle branch block, right (RVH) and left (LVH) ventricular hypertrophy, repolarization and intraventricular abnormalities were noted. Results: Only 59 out of 315 patients had a normal ECG. Mean HR was 75±13.5 beats/min, QT=390±33ms, QTc=417.58±21.2ms while axis of P, QRS and T wave was: 42.65±19.86°, 20.79±34.06° and 34.74±25.92°, respectively. Six patients were found at atrial fibrillation while the rest were at sinus rhythm. PQ interval was 156.89±24.91 ms and the QRS interval was 97.34±17.56 msec. RBBB was detected in 55 (11 complete and 44 incomplete) and LBBB in 9 patients (8 complete and 1 incomplete). Sixty patients were found with ventricular hypertrophy (56 LVH/4 RVH). At least at one lead repolarisation abnormality was found in 177 patients including inferior lead abnormalities at 28, anterior leads abnormalities at 23 and lateral leads abnormalities at 23 patients. Conclusion: Although ECG is a widely available tool used in the diagnosis of cardiac sarcoidosis various abnormalities were described implying necessity of extensive investigation in order to detect cardiac involvement. P3676 Survival predictors in a cohort of patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis biopsy-proven Mauricio Salinas1,2 , Matias Florenzano1, Gabriel Cavada1, Alvaro Undurraga1. 1Medicina, Instituto Nacional del Tórax, Santiago, Region Metropolitana, Chile; 2Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Region Metropolitana, Chile Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis (IPF) is a bad prognosis disease with heterogeneous progression. Only few studies, including relative small sample size, have searched for bad prognosis factors. The aim of this study was to analyze survival predictors in a retrospective cohort. The study was conducted at the National Thorax Institute in Santiago, Chile. Registers of patients in the period between 1991 and 2008 with clinical, radiological Table 1. Results of pulmonary function tests at baseline


In this paper, the effect of channeling on viscous fingering instability of miscible displacement in porous media is studied. In fact, channeling is introduced as a solution to stabilize the viscous fingering instability. In this solution, narrow channels were placed next to the walls, and by considering an exponential function to model the channeling effect, a heterogeneous media is assumed. In linear stability analysis, the governing equations are transferred to Fourier space, and by introducing a novel numerical method, the transferred equations are analyzed. The growth rate based on the wave number diagram has been drawn up in three sections of the medium. It is found that the flow becomes more stable at the center and unstable along the walls when the permeability ratio is increased. Also when the permeability ratio is approximately equal to one, the channeling has no significant effect. In nonlinear simulations, by using stream function and vortices, new equations have been rewritten and it is shown...


"Why Racial Categories Make No Sense --and Why the Census Bureau is Right not to Care" Andrew Sabl UCLA Department of Policy Studies 3250 Public Policy Bldg. Los Angeles, CA 90095-1656 email@example.com Prepared for the Comparative Social Analysis Workshop of the UCLA Department of Sociology, 13 November 2003. Draft version: Please do not cite without permission. Comments are welcome.


PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To facilitate working and to shorten a working time by holding solid interposing matter in an air gap between an outer cylinder and an inner cylinder, applying spinning work to the outer cylinder and simultaneously changing cross sections of the inner cylinder and the outer cylinder. SOLUTION: An outer cylinder 4B is concentrically arranged in the outside of an inner cylinder 4A, and solid interposing matter 4D is filled in the inside of an air gap 4c between both. A base stock 4 is held with a clamping device of a spinning machine and a mandrel 51 is inserted into the base stock. A spinning roller 28 is brought into press-contact with the cylinder stock 4 to apply spinning work. A diameter of tapered part 4b is contracted from a cylinder stock part 4a. The base stock 4 is removed from the clamping device 12, inverted and clamped, and spinning work is executed using the mandrel 51 and the spinning roller 28. The inner and outer cylinders 4A, 4B are cut at a D part and a waste allowance 4f is removed. After being formed in such a manner, a formed work piece is removed from the clamping device 12, solid interposing matter 4D is left remained or the solid interposing matter 4D is removed, the air gap 4c is formed and a final product is manufactured.


The article is devoted to the actual problem of the influence of natural conditions on the development of landslide processes, that for each geological and genetic complex of rocks of a certain engineering and geological area, certain types of landslide processes are characteristic.


In this paper, we introduce an efficient method based on Haar wavelet to approximate a solution for the two-dimensional linear stochastic Fredholm integral equation. We also give an example to demonstrate the accuracy of the method.


Although it was not known at the time, the chemokine field started with the identification of a protein by Heparin Sepharose affinity chromatography, platelet factor 4 (PF4) (1) now called CXCL4 in the systemic nomenclature introduced in 2000. As with many pathways in scientific research, our entry into the field of chemokines and glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) was a series of fortuitous co-incidences. Christine Power, working on the chemokine project in the Glaxo Institute of Molecular Biology (GIMB) under the leadership of Tim Wells, had hired a postdoctoral scientist, Arlene Hoogewerf to clone murine CCR4, and to generate the KO mouse. Arlene had previously studied the role of proteoglycans in regulating the function of other molecules and had also previously published a paper on the enzymatic activity of CTAP-III, and NAP-2, truncated forms of platelet basic protein/CXCL7, to degrade heparin. Since our group was currently working on these chemokines derived from the β-thromboglobulin precursor, and moreover we were all biochemists, our interest was piqued by the relationship between chemokines and GAGs. This interest was of course inspired by the paper recently published by Antal Rot demonstrating the evidence for haptotaxis as opposed to chemotaxis (2), earning him the title of Godfather of Chemokine–GAG biology. Arlene then followed a dual Post-doc pathway, partially hijacked by Tim to collaborate with him and his Ph.D. student, Gaby Kuschert (now Gaby Campanella) to lay much of the biochemical groundwork of chemokine–GAG interactions, and also fulfilling her goal of creating the CCR4−/− mouse. They were able to show that chemokines demonstrated selectivity in their interaction with GAGs, beyond the obvious electrostatic interactions between basic and acidic molecules, and importantly made the observation that this interaction could trigger oligomerization of chemokines (3, 4). In addition, they were able to define the pharmacophore responsible for GAG binding of the chemokine IL-8/CXCL8 (5).


Therapy with alloantigen-specific CD4+CD25+ T regulatory cells (Treg) for induction of transplant tolerance is desirable, as naïve thymic Treg (tTreg) are not alloantigen-specific and are weak suppressor cells. Naïve tTreg from DA rats cultured with fully allogeneic PVG stimulator cells in the presence of rIL-2 express IFN-gamma receptor (IFNGR) and IL-12 receptor beta2 (IL-12Rβ2) and are more potent alloantigen-specific regulators that we call Ts1 cells. This study examined additional markers that could identify the activated alloantigen-specific Treg as a subpopulation within the CD4+CD25+Foxp3+Treg. After culture of naïve DA CD4+CD8−CD25+T cells with rIL-2 and PVG alloantigen, or rIL-2 without alloantigen, CD8α was expressed on 10–20% and CD8β on <5% of these cells. These cells expressed ifngr and Il12rb2. CD8α+ cells had increased Ifngr that characterizes Ts1 cells as well was Irf4, a transcription factor induced by TCR activation. Proliferation induced by re-culture with rIL-12 and alloantigen was greater with CD4+CD8α+CD25+Treg consistent with the CD8α+ cells expressing IL-12R. In MLC, the CD8α+ fraction suppressed responses against allogeneic stimulators more than the mixed Ts1 population, whereas the CD4+CD8−CD25+T cells were less potent. In an adoptive transfer assay, rIL-2 and alloantigen activated Treg suppress rejection at a ratio of 1:10 with naïve effector cells, whereas alloantigen and rIL-2 activated tTreg depleted of the CD8α+ cells were much less effective. This study demonstrated that expression of CD8α by rIL-2 and alloantigen activation of CD4+CD8−CD25+Foxp3+T cells was a marker of activated and potent Treg that included alloantigen-specific Treg.


The basic law of basketball discriminates it from other sports events and affects the direction for its development.The only way of understanding the essence of basketball is to consider it from perspective of dialectical materialism and to master its law and philosophical thoughts.


The realistic problems facing Xinjiang in its striding progress cover economic growth in disproportion with its strategic status,livelihood to be improved as expected by people,talents in short supply in limelight,infrastructure far from need,superior resources not in advantageous position and eco-environment construction urgently to be enhanced.In ensuring the smooth implementation of striding development strategy,we need to get command of scientific progress as a base,accelerate development,improve people's livelihood,increase constantly the solid power of promoting striding progress,set focus on long-term stability,adhere to modern culture as a guide,do work well in contradiction detection and salvation,social management and stability maintenance,upgrade and secure the soft power of striding progress,further intensify leadership of the Party,construct an adequate number of high-quality cadres and professionals equipped with both virtue and talent,raise the governing power responsible for striding progress and enhance comprehensive power of revitalizing Xinjiang while stabilizing it and making the locals rich while fortifying frontier.


Leukemia is very common and serious cancer starts in blood tissue such as the bone marrow. It causes large numbers of abnormal blood cells to be produced and enter the blood. Emphasis on diagnostic techniques and best treatments would be able to decrease the mortality rate from leukemia. This paper presents an automatic diagnosis system for classifying leukemia based on cooperative Game. In this study, cooperative game is used for classification according to different weights and power assigned to the markers. The modeling system described is versatile as there are no restrictions to what the input or output represent. This means that it can be used to model any situation and classify a population according to their contributions. In the other words, it applies equally to other groups of data. The results show that the highest classification accuracy (98.44%) is obtained for the proposed model that contains 17 features and compared to Neural Network (Feed Forward Back propagation) with (92.19%) accuracy. This research demonstrated that cooperative game is very promising to use directly for classification.


An interactive whiteboard is an incredibly attractive educational tool as it is provided with functions that other means do not have (even a computer in terfaced to a multimedia projector), for example, downloading notes from the whiteboard into the computer memory, playing movies with the possibility of note taking directly on individual frames, working with computer applications on the whiteboard surface. Using the above mentioned facilities, this modern teaching aid facilitates combining a traditional lecture w ith a presentation of multimedia materials which a teacher has. However, new educational tools require using new methods. This article is an attempt to answer a question about the place and role of an interactive whiteboard in the modern school is it really an effective educational tool and how often is it used in the classroom.


Author(s): Jackson, Joshua Conrad | Abstract: A Review of "Cultural Evolution in the Digital Age" by Alberto Acerbi (Oxford University Press, 2019)


As an illustration of the efficiency of the Micrometer
described in my former paper, I give the following series of
measures, in their order, extending from 26th May to 21st
November, 1888 for Alpha Centauri.
I also give for comparison, measures taken with the Filar
Micrometer, from 19th March to 26th May, 1888; and from
19th September to 21st November, 1888.


While earlier chatbots relied on lists of pre-set queries and responses that governed their behaviour strictly, modern AI natural language models (such as 'ChatGPT'), are instead designed to accept unstructured inputs, and to provide human-like responses without the need to pre-specify the response content. These models draw upon large corpora of human generated text, and hence provide responses that are statistically likely to match the query.


The invention relates to a method of producing a workpiece by means of a powder bed based additive manufacturing process. The workpiece (11) is produced in the powder bed (12) by the powder bed is smoothed to a desired level (14) by means of a slider (13). If obstacles (17) (for example, splashes) prevent the smoothing of the powder bed by the slider, this avoids in a deflected position, said powder residue (30) according to the invention are removed by a tracked brush (23). The bristles fit advantageously exactly to the contour of the obstacle (17), whereby removal of the powder remains possible. The invention relates to a plant for additively producing workpieces, in which a slider and a brush are used simultaneously to smooth the powder bed used.


India is emerging as an attractive market for consumer durables. But the vibrant environmental factors and fierce competition are making it imperative to understand the dynamics of consumer profiles. The aim of this study is to analyze the influence of consumer demographics in rural markets on brand management of consumer durables. A self-designed questionnaire containing 14 statements related to the brand/product features was administered face to face to 224 prospective buyers of consumer durables, randomly selected during the months of May and June 2011, while they were approaching retail outlets in Warangal district. The responses were analyzed through chi-square test and reliability analysis with the help of SPSS-19. The findings indicate that out of the five demographic factors tested, occupation and income emerged as the strongest determinants, followed by age and education, whereas gender did not yield a strong significance. Since this research has established empirical evidences in determining the attitude towards brands, consumer goods marketers may formulate their strategies accordingly.


This paper covers chemical raw material storage,handling and batching system,focusing on the description of automatic control,condition monitoring and fault diagnosing,real-time dynamic weighing/batching,material level checking,automatic positioning reversible batching equipment,discharging equipment,material clean-up technologies.This storage,handling and batching system has the same technological level of international similar systems and has been used in Daqing project successfully.


e21213Background: There is no effective treatment strategy for patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) who experienced progression with one or two lines of chemotherapy. Apatinib,...


Ever since the Wang Word Processing link to IBM for review on TSO and/or printing by 3800 TILT came to be, people have been clamoring for more. They can see that with just a few minor changes, the two week average time for a master copy to go through Print Services can be cut down to about 20 minutes of 3800 printing time. Let's make those changes.


In this thesis we describe different approaches aiding in the utilization of the exponentially growing amount of information available in the life sciences. Briefly, we address two issues in molecular biology, on sequence analysis, and on text mining. The former issue addresses the problem how to determine remote sequence homology especially when the sequence similarity is very low. For this a visualisation tool is introduced that combines sequence alignment, domain prediction and phylogeny. The second topic on text mining centres on the question how to unambiguously formulate queries for efficient information retrieval. It tackles the problem of gene nomenclature — one in two gene symbols being ambiguous - by introducing a new text-clustering- and taxonomy-based disambiguation methodology.


Since the 1990s, the intellectual landscape of urban studies has been transformed through debates on global cities, which are widely viewed as basing points for an increasingly globalized configuration of capitalism. This chapter develops a scale-attuned, state-theoretical reinterpretation of global city formation as a major expression of recent rescalings of capitalist urbanization. Such rescalings have been powerfully mediated through national state institutions, which, in so doing, have themselves been undergoing major spatial and scalar transformations. New urban spaces are thus produced through the rescaling of state space—and vice versa. In addition to exploring the role of multiscalar state spatial strategies in the process of global city formation, this chapter also aims to destabilize the entrenched assumption that cities represent the default unit of analysis for urban studies. The scalar units of urbanization are themselves produced and rewoven through the creatively destructive forward motion of capital and the intricate mediations of the latter through state spatial strategies and sociopolitical mobilization.


Historically, new and existing racetracks and raceways encounter conflict between owners, racecar drivers, and the surrounding community. Racecar drivers enjoy the thrill of a raceway, but neighboring residents often complain about the noise negatively impacting the quiet enjoyment of their homes. This is true even when the homes are near a major highway or road. Raceways and neighboring communities are attempting to find workable solutions without compromise to the safety and enjoyment of the raceway. The presentation discusses objective information used to assist communities or town boards, nearby neighbors, and track owners to engage in productive dialogue of the outcome of the possible solution sets. Multiple solution sets are discussed which are typically acceptable to all parties, including various barriers and other innovative noise mitigation plans. The mathematical modeling and analysis of the topography around the track is presented to show how the local terrain can be used to help to achieve the required level of track noise reduction. The information will be presented through the lenses of three case studies. Two studies demonstrate solutions for specific raceways. The other case study is used to further emphasize the importance of incorporating the local terrain into the solution set.


Non-thermal plasma (NTP) technology has a good application prospect in diesel after-treatment field, but few studies on the effects of NTP on PAHs emissions had been carried out. In this paper, the concentrations of PAHs at different loads before and after the treatment of DNTP were studied, combined the GC/MS analysis with external standard method. The results indicate that total concentrations of PAHs were 149.46, 102.44, 107.34 and139.69μg/m-3 at 25% , 50%, 75%, 100% load, 2000r/min respectively before the treatment of DNTP and reduced to 88.96, 77.31, 88.51 and 138.22μg/m-3 after the treatment of DNTP, with the largest decline up to 40.48%. The main components of PAHs were naphthalene, anthracene, phenanthrene, fluoranthene, and pyrene, etc. Before the treatment of DNTP, the concentrations of PAHs decreased firstly and then increased with the increase of load. The average concentrations of PAHs with different rings after the treatment of DNTP were decreased by 21.2%, 22.4%, 20.5% and 6.9%.


A detailed comparison of four types of electrode structures for HF laser action was made. The HF was produced by transverse discharges through SF 6 /RH mixtures. The pulse energy, pulse duration, and spectroscopic output were measured as a function of the type of hydrogen donor, its partial pressure as well as the total pressure when He was added. The hydrogen donors used were H 2 , CH 4 , C 2 H 6 , C 3 H 8 , and commercial gasoline.


The time evolution of firehose-unstable Alfvén waves is calculated within the usual weak-turbulence scheme. In § 2 the amplitude equations are established using a third-order solution of Vlasov's equation. From these a spectrum equation is obtained by discarding four-wave correlations; in addition, we derive an equation which characterizes the truncation error ( §3). Both these equations are integrated numerically, together with the velocity-moment equations (§ 4), forward in time. The results as presented in § 5 correspond to a rapid relaxation of the plasma to equilibrium. For large wave-vectors the relaxation time, as well as the equilibrium wave energy, are in good agreement with the quasilinear treatment, and the truncation error is small. But for low wave-numbers the relaxation is much faster, and the wave energy grows higher as predicted by quasilinear theory. This is because the nonlinear particle current leads to a high effective growth rate, especially at small wave-numbers. In this region the truncation error grows appreciably, and may sometimes reach the order of magnitude of the spectrum. But the overall picture as given by quasilinear theory has been confirmed. In § 6 comparison is made with a macroscopic model of Berezin & Sagdeev (1969), where the plasma noise was simulated by 'computer noise'. For low amplitudes both methods agree qualitatively.


The aspects of generation of variants of subsystems are examined for  the hydrometeorological system. Principles of generation of variants are rotined on the basis of morphological synthesis, statements of genetic algorithm


Images could display visual information more than those of text data. However, when transmitted and acquired through communication channels, those images are always spoiled with noises that will reduce the quality of the image. Noisy image could not provide good quality image for further image processing due to poor quality. In image processing, standard genetic algorithm steps could be used to enhance image quality. The purpose of this research is to deploy uniform crossover of genetic algorithm to reduce noise in order to produce better offsprings. In every noise type, the obtained value of Mean Square Error (MSE) and Peak Signal-to-Noise Ratio (PSNR) resulted in image noise reduction were calculated and analyzed to see how both values of MSE and PSNR in average will change. For this purpose, we conducted tests with Pc values of 0.2, 0.4, 0.6, and 0.8, each with 100, 200, 300, 400, 500, and 1000 maximum number of generations, respectively. Result shows that uniform crossover obtained the best performance in reducing erlang noise and the worst performance in reducing localvar noise on three categories of images.


The factors influencing dam safety are complex and their impact on dam safety is fuzzy and uncertain. With the introduction of the Dempster-Shafer theory, BP neural network and Jousselme distance function into dam safety monitoring, a new method for dam safety evaluation is explored. Firstly, the basic probability assignment of the factors influencing dam safety is determined by BP neural network; then the weight of each factor's evidence is obtained based on Jousselme distance function; at last, the total probability assignment is got by fusing the basic probability assignments based on Dempster-Shafer theory. Accordingly the dam safety level can be determined. Application example shows that the above safety assessment method is feasible, and could supply a reasonable and accurate judgment of the dam safety level.


The invention relates to a control method when washing clothes and relative washer, wherein it comprises: (1) when the washer is started, the temperature sensor sends the temperature data to the controller; the humidity sensor sends the humidity data to the controller; (2) when the washer feeds water, the water temperature sensor measures the water temperature, and the controller, based on water temperature decides to add water or not to improve the dissolution rate of detergent, to obtain best washing effect; (3) when the washing and poaching are completed, based on around humidity data, thecontroller automatically controls the rotation speed and time of dewater process. And said control method comprises a drying process, that after completing washing, poaching, and dewatering, to be automatically set by the controller. The invention can consider different temperatures and humidity to obtain best washing effect.


Over the last two decades, there have been reports of the use of water extracts made from composts for control of foliar diseases. Extracts are prepared by mixing compost and water and incubating the resulting slurry with or with out agitation for several days. Compost teas can be either non aerated or aerated. Both methods intentionally ferment well decomposed compost in water for a defined period of time. The key factors influencing the effectiveness of the compost tea were the age of the compost and nature of its source ingredients and components.The primary benefit of the compost teas will be a supply of soluble nutrients, which can be used as liquid fertilizer. In addition to the nutrition they can be used potentially for plant disease suppression.  Compost tea has been used to suppress various fruit and vegetable diseases. Compost teas can be sprayed on crop to coat leaf surfaces, and so that they provide resistance to infection from pathogens.Compost teas are very beneficial in plant disease management and they can be included in the integrated disease management strategies of field and horticultural crops.  Even the addition of this organic extracts to growing media encourage the growth of benign organisms, which suppress the plant diseases. Compost teas show multiple modes of activity in suppressing plant diseases like, induced resistance, antibiosis and competition.  Regardless of the mode of action, preventive application before pathogen infection appears necessary for optimal control through all known mode of actions.


Range Migration plays a most critical role in focusing an image and its correction is the most important procedure in synthetic aperture radar(SAR) image formation.Classic range cell migration correction(RCMC) is realized by Sinc interpolation and it is important to calculate the instantaneous slant range distance between the central phase and the scattering phase in Range-Doppler Algorithm (RDA). The advantages and principle of Sinc interpolation and the basic processing of RCMC will be introduced.


The accuracy prediction of the strip's upper pressure and lower pressure is very important to the accuracy control of air flotation oven, therefore the aluminum can get high surface quality and improving the product quality. And the pressure prediction is very important factor in air flotation oven. In this paper, pso-lssvm pressure prediction model was established. The experiment was carried out in an experimental air flotation oven and pressure data was collected, then the pso-lssvm model was trained based on the training data. The pso-lssvm pressure model' result was compared with the experimental value. The experimental result shows that the pso-lssvm model can get higher accuracy and is suited to predict pressure distribution.


Web users while collaborating over social networks and micro-blogging services also contribute to news coverage worldwide. News feeds come from mainstream media as well as from social networks. Often feeds from social networks are more up-to-date and, for user's view, more credible than those that come from mainstream media. But the overwhelming amount of information requires to personally filter through it until one gets what is really needed. In this paper, we describe our idea of a personalized news network built on current Web technologies and our research projects by filtering Twitter and Facebook messages using both trend mining and reputation approaches. Based on the example of Egyptian revolution, we explain the main idea of personalized news.


The oxidation of Cr-Fe alloys (Cr content of 5, 10, 15, 20, and 25 wt.%) in a water vapor-argon atmosphere was studied at 700, 900, and llOO/sup o/C. A mechanism for the oxidation process is suggested in the form of wustite decomposition at the outer-inner scale layer boundary, giving rise to Fe/sup 2+/ diffusion to the outer layer and O/sup 2/diffusion to the alloy-oxide interface. (C.J.G.)


An acoustic and aerodynamic study was made of a 26%-scale unpowered Boeing 777 aircraft semispan model in the NASA Ames 40- by 80-Foot Wind Tunnel for the purpose of identifying and attenuating airframe noise sources. Simulated approach and landing configurations were evaluated at Mach numbers between 0.12 and 0.24. Cruise configurations were evaluated at Mach numbers between 0.24 and 0.33. The research team used two Ames phased-microphone arrays, a large fixed array and a small traversing array, mounted under the wing to locate and compare various noise sources in the wing high-lift system and landing gear. Numerous model modifications and noise alleviation devices were evaluated. Simultaneous with acoustic measurements, aerodynamic forces were recorded to document aircraft conditions and any performance changes caused by the geometric modifications. Numerous airframe noise sources were identified that might be important factors in the approach and landing noise of the full-scale aircraft. Several noise-control devices were applied to each noise source. The devices were chosen to manipulate and control, if possible, the flow around the various tips and through the various gaps of the high-lift system so as to minimize the noise generation. Fences, fairings, tip extensions, cove fillers, vortex generators, hole coverings, and boundary-layer trips were tested. In many cases, the noise-control devices eliminated noise from some sources at specific frequencies. When scaled to full-scale third-octave bands, typical noise reductions ranged from 1 to 10 dB without significant aerodynamic performance loss.


In March 2020, the WHO declared a global pandemic due to the novel coronavirus SARS‐CoV‐2 and several governments planned a national quarantine in order to control the virus spread. Acute psychological effects of quarantine in frail elderly subjects with special needs, such as patients with dementia, have been poorly investigated. The aim of this study was to assess modifications of nutritional status during quarantine in patients with Alzheimer's Disease (AD).


A three dimensional flow field simulation of combined channel of a new screw element NI-MPE with other screw elements in co-rotating twin screw extruder has been carried out by the ANSYS FEM package.A comparison between combined channel with NI-MPE element and combined channel with non-intermeshing normal screw element has been made.


The results produced during fluid flow modeling of friction stir welding are described.The viscosity of material in the fully plasticized region is determined using plunge testing,where the forces that acting on a rotating steel pin as it penetrates the aluminum alloy base material are measured and converted into effective viscosities and temperature output.3 D modeling results show the formation of a chaotic flow zone about 1.5 mm below the tool shoulder.It is suggested that chaotic mixing produces the intermingled lamellae formed in dissimilar FSW welds.Also,transient tool slipp age produced by local liquid formation results in hysteresis in the viscosity/shear stress plane at a critical temperature Tcrit.


Two frogs fell into a big pail of milk. They were unable to jump out of the pail. Both started paddling in order to remain afloat. But one of them despaired after some time, felt he could not continue and got drowned in the milk. The other frog thought that the only way to survive was to carry on paddling and so went on for a couple of hours. Suddenly, he felt something solid under his feet. It was a lump of freshly churned butter that had been produced as a result of his paddling. Not only did this frog survive, he also got some butter in the bargain.


The final instars of some Campopleginae, Cryptinae, and Pimplinae are figured and discussed. Knowledge of their larval characters is integrated with keys in a recent memoir.


This report is submitted to satisfy the requirement of YMP Activity ID No. WP20AM4, Review/Finalize EMCR Update Draft for VA.


The utility model relates to an ultrasonic wave cleaner which comprises a housing, a container, an upper cover, an ultrasonic wave generator, an ultrasonic wave transducer, a control panel and a circuit board, wherein the ultrasonic wave generator and the circuit board are arranged on the bottom of the housing; the ultrasonic wave generator is connected with the ultrasonic wave transducer which is attached on the bottom of the container; a heater is arranged below the container in the housing. By using the heater, the ultrasonic wave cleaner with the structure enables cleansing medium in the container to shock so as to generate a plurality of micro bubbles which are heated to generate larger air pressure, and meanwhile, high-pressure gases are instantly exploded to generate high temperature to form high-temperature and high-pressure cleaning. The utility model has stronger solubility.


High disclosure quality can be achieved through an effective investor-relations program and results in firm benefits such as enhanced market exposure, increased analyst coverage and institutional following. We examine the association between disclosure quality and information asymmetry where a checklist was used to evaluate a firm's Internet-based investor-relations practices. Firms with higher disclosure quality through their investor-relations activities have higher analyst following, more institutional shareholders, more active trading, and are larger in terms of market capitalisation. Bid-ask spread decreased with increased disclosure quality, although the effect of investor relations was weaker in the presence of other factors.


Based upon analysis of the engineering cost and investment situations of four types works the characteristics of finance investment are introduced as well as project risks of people who contract works or undertake contract projects.The rebate questions of advanced payment are discussed,at the same time suggestions are proposed for payment of construction in order to realize rational rebate of advanced payment.


Dryland has the potential to increase agricultural production, by increasing the cropping index. The main problem of dryland is the availability of water which depends on rainfall. Groundwater can be an alternative option to meet the availability of water in the dryland. This study aimed to determine the cropping pattern and increase of cropping index supported by groundwater irrigation in the dryland. The research was conducted in the dryland of Playen, Gunungkidul, Special Region of Yogyakarta, supported by groundwater irrigation. This research used a combination of survey, interview and plot demonstration methods. Surveys and interviews were conducted to determine the condition of cultivation and profit in the first and third growing seasons. The plot demonstration, to increase the rice cropping index from 1 to 2, was applied in the second growing season. The results showed that rice productivity in the first growing season was 5.215 ton ha-1, with a profit of 12,288,000 IDR ha-1 and B/C of 1.28. In the second growing season, Sidenuk productivity was 8.025 ton ha-1, with the dry straw of 8.049 ton ha-1, grain carbon of 3.471 ton ha-1 and straw carbon of 3.723 ton ha-1, higher than those of Situbagendit, but comparable those of Inpari-42, with a profit of 20,700,000 IDR ha-1 and B/C of 1.54. Rice contributed to higher biomass, carbon and profit than groundnut. In the third growing season, groundnut productivity was 2.026 ton ha-1, with a profit of 15,572,000 IDR ha-1 and B/C of 1.78. Groundwater irrigation can support the increase in the cropping index on dryland and intensify agricultural production as well.


PURPOSE: It has been speculated that herbicide drift from treated sites can negatively impact desirable floating vegetation and there are many scenarios where targeted submersed weeds and nontarget floating plants grow in close proximity. This study was conducted to determine the effects of submersed applications of 2,4-D ester and triclopyr amine, used to control Eurasian watermilfoil (Myriophyllum spicatum L.), on waterlily (Nymphaea odorata Ait.) and spatterdock (Nuphar lutea (L.) Sm.). BACKGROUND: Waterlily and spatterdock are two ecologically important shoreline plants in Midwestern lakes, providing valuable habitat for invertebrates, amphibians, fish, waterbirds, and aquatic mammals. The seeds are a food source for waterfowl and the rhizomes are eaten by muskrats, beaver, and porcupines (Borman et. al. 1997). Many Midwestern lakes, however, have been heavily infested with the non-native submersed plant Eurasian watermilfoil. Submersed applications of 2,4-D (ester and amine formulations) and triclopyr (amine formulation) are typically used to control Eurasian watermilfoil, and there is concern that off-site drift from these applications may cause un-intended damage to non-target, floating-leaved plant stands.


This article analyzes the crisis in Labor Law originated by technological rise and globalization, emerging the figure of invisible workers, bringing the COVID-19 pandemic as a backdrop. The article defends the search for legal protection for this class of workers, through the effectiveness of the 2030 Agenda (UN, 2015) and the search for the implementation of the Global Employment Pact (ILO 2009), as well as the exercise of concerted democracy. The methodology used starts from the deductive and inductive methods, performing the bibliography review, seeking to visit the doctrine, jurisprudence and legislation on the topic presented.


Objectives: The use of hip arthroscopy has increased over recent years to treat various forms of hip pathologies including femoroacetabular impingement. While a capsulotomy facilitates adequate visualization and access for diagnostic and interventional purposes, the current literature remains divided over the use of routine capsular closure to address the iatrogenic instability that may be induced by an excessive or unclosed capsulotomy. The purpose of this biomechanical study was to determine if hip capsulotomy creates significant alterations in rotational range of motion and stability measures. Additionally, does a capsular repair return these variables to normal? Methods: Eight fresh-frozen cadaveric hip specimens consisting of the hemipelvis, femur, and overlying soft tissues were used for this study. All specimens were screened by computed tomography (CT) to assess for the absence of significant bony pathology. Each hip was then tested under torsional loads of 6 N·m applied via a pulley system in conjunction with a vertical force exerted by a servohydraulic frame. Conditions tested were as follows: 1) neutral flexion with the capsule intact 2) neutral flexion with a 4 cm inter-portal capsulotomy 3) neutral flexion with a 6 cm inter-portal capsulotomy 4) neutral flexion with capsulotomy repair. Soft tissue was retained during all interventions. Range of motion (from external to internal rotation), hysteresis area, and neutral zones were the outcome measures for stability obtained in each condition. Results: While the data demonstrated a positive and statistically significant correlation between the sizes of the capsulotomy and measures of joint instability (range of motion (ROM), hysteresis area, and neutral zone), no significant differences were seen between the intact and repaired hips with regards to such measures (Table). Larger size capsulotomies were accompanied by significant increases in all three measures of joint instability while the repair effectively restored the capsule to conditions similar to its intact state. Conclusion: To the best of the authors' knowledge, this study is the first to demonstrate the biomechanical consequences of sequentially increasing capsulotomy incisions and their repair on a hip joint that still contains its surrounding soft tissue. The results of this study not only confirm the notion of introducing iatrogenic joint instability with larger sized capsulotomies, but also propose the complete capsular closure as an appropriate solution.


In this paper a systems biology framework for generalized fault diagnosis in the caspase signaling network of biomolecules is studied. This novel method is capable of identifying critical molecules whose dysfunction can affect the network function detrimentally. The generalized vulnerabilities defined and computed in the paper quantify the role of molecules in a complex network. Impact of network input activities and multiple faults are studied as well. The results and methods are useful for quantitative analysis of functional impacts of individual or a group of molecules on the overall performance of molecular signaling networks.


This dissertation aims to contribute to the cyclic cohomology theory of Hopf algebras as defined by Connes and Moscovici. To date, the most important Hopf algebras whose periodic cyclic cohomology group is computed are the members of the family of Connes-Moscovici Hopf algebras of transverse geometry. We will focus our attention to H (1), the first member of this family of Hopf algebras. While the periodic theory of H (1) is well understood and can be obtained from the Gelfand-Fuks cohomology of Lie algebras of vector fields, the non-periodic theory turns out to be much more complicated. One of the main results of this dissertation is the computation of the first cyclic cohomology group of H (1). The dissertation also contains calculations pertaining to the second cyclic cohomology group of H (1), but these are only partial results.
The next main result is the computation of the periodic cyclic cohomology group of some Hopf algebras appearing as (continuous) duals to some infinite dimensional pronilpotent Lie algebras. Among these Hopf algebras is Hd , the maximal commutative sub-algebra of H (1).
The Connes-Moscovici cyclic theory of Hopf algebras leaves room for incorporating coefficients as discussed by Khalkhali and his collaborators. Chapter 5 of the present dissertation explains the connection of this theory and the theory of bicovariant bimodules.
The final chapter deals with the Connes-Kreimer Hopf algebra of rooted trees discovered in the framework of renormalization of quantum field theories. Our investigation concerns the periodic cyclic cohomology group of the Connes-Kreimer Hopf algebra and the cohomology group of the related (extended) Lie algebra.


Logistics companies are currently differently using IT tools to assist the planning of their operational activity. The functionalities of tools are also different. The paper presents the results of a research on the use of automated solutions to obtain the data necessary for logistics processes planning. It also presents a review of IT solutions used by TSL (transport, shipping, logistics) companies and the functionality of these tools. This allowed for the assessment of the potential of the EPLOS system to be used in TSL companies, as well as the benefits of implementing this system. In the paper, the selected results of a survey made in companies about the crucial data needed for efficient operating were presented. The summary indicates the main features that software should have in the era of the Industry 4.0 revolution.


AbstractLow-temperature tensile tests on plain specimens of an iron–0·02% carbon alloy containing carbide particles of different size and distribution have indicated that microcrack formation resulting from ferrite cleavage is easier when large second-phase particles are present. Scanning electron-microscope observations have shown that the excellent fracture-resistance of material in the quench-aged condition is due to the difficulty of cracking small intra granular carbide particles and also of extending cracks in small particles into the ferrite matrix.


The study of electromagnetic sensitivity of electronic modules is crucial for the selection of a component-level pulse current injection (PCI) waveform, which will determine whether a component-level PCI test is equivalent to a system-level pulse illumination test of the system to which the electronic module belongs. For electromagnetic sensitivity analysis, the equivalence between the injection waveform and a typical high-altitude electromagnetic pulse (HEMP) conducted disturbance waveform in a component-level PCI test is studied. Based on an RF low noise amplifier (LNA) test board, component-level PCI tests were performed using 20 ns/500 ns double exponential wave and square-wave pulse with multiple pulse-widths. The damage threshold was analyzed and determined by using vector norm and its internal damage was observed and validated by optical microscopic analysis. The conclusions are demonstrated as follows: first, during square-wave PCI tests of RF LNA, the electromagnetic sensitive parameter action is divided into three regions by pulse-width range, called ∞-norm, 2-norm and competitive failure-dominating regions; second, the electromagnetic damage effect of the RF LNA is mainly caused by the burning of its two cascaded transistors, forming a pulse energy transmission channel with short-circuit impedance from the input port to the ground; third, the 100 ns-width square waveform can be determined as the equivalent injection waveform of a HEMP conducted waveform, and the pulse peak value of injected current is determined as the electromagnetic sensitive parameter for square-wave PCI tests of the RF LNA. The conclusions verified the feasibility of establishing the equivalence between different pulse waveforms according to the electromagnetic sensitivity analysis based on the vector norm theory and effect mechanism analysis.


Background Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a common clinical syndrome carrying high morbidity and mortality. Body mass index (BMI) is a common health indicator, and a high BMI value-obesity has been shown to be associated with the outcomes of several diseases. However, the relationship between different BMI categories and mortality in all critically ill patients with AKI is unclear and needs further investigation. Therefore, we evaluated the ability of BMI to predict the severity and all-cause mortality of AKI in critically ill patients. Methods We extracted clinical data from the MIMIC-III v1.4 database. All adult patients with AKI were initially screened. The baseline data extracted within 24 hours after ICU admission were presented according to WHO BMI categories. Logistic regression models and the Cox proportional hazards models were, respectively, constructed to assess the relationship between BMI and the severity and all-cause mortality of AKI. The generalized additive model (GAM) was used to identify nonlinear relationships as BMI was a continuous variable. The subgroup analyses were performed to further analyze the stability of the association between BMI category and 365-day all-cause mortality of AKI. Result A total of 15,174 patients were extracted and were divided into four groups according to BMI. Obese patients were more likely to be young and male. In the fully adjusted logistic regression model, we found that overweight and obesity were significant predictors of AKI stage III (OR, 95 CI: 1.17, 1.05–1.30; 1.32, 1.18–1.47). In the fully adjusted Cox proportional hazards model, overweight and obesity were associated with significantly lower 30-day, 90-day, and 365-day all-cause mortality. The corresponding adjusted HRs (95 CIs) for overweight patients were 0.87 (0.77, 0.99), 0.84 (0.76, 0.93), and 0.80 (0.74, 0.88), and for obese patients, they were 0.87 (0.77, 0.98), 0.79 (0.71, 0.88), and 0.73 (0.66, 0.80), respectively. The subgroup analyses further presented a stable relationship between BMI category and 365-day all-cause mortality. Conclusions BMI was independently associated with the severity and all-cause mortality of AKI in critical illness. Overweight and obesity were associated with increased risk of AKI stage III; however, they were predictive of a relatively lower mortality risk in these patients.


Low-frequency wave propagations and instabilities are studied taking into account the finite electrical resistivity and viscosity of the neutrino-coupled plasma. It is assumed that the plasma is permeated by magnetic field. The formulation and analysis of the system including the Fermi weak force due to neutrino plasma coupling is done by neutrino magneto hydrodynamics model. The general dispersion relation is derived from the set of perturbed equations to signify the role of dissipative effects on the growth rate and condition of both neutrino instability and self-gravitational instability. To discuss the influence of resistivity and viscosity on the dynamics of the system, the general dispersion relation is reduced for both perpendicular and parallel mode of propagations. The self-gravitating modes are modified by the presence of neutrinos, viscosity, and resistivity in both perpendicular and parallel modes of propagation, while the gravitational instability criterion is modified only by neutrinos. It is also observed that the number density of neutrinos works against the gravitational instability, while the neutrino beam-free energy supports the self-gravitational instability. In the case of perpendicular propagation, the neutrino beam instability criterion and growth rate are affected by dissipative effects.


Erythroleukemias are acute leukemias characterized by erythroid hyperplasia with an excess of myeloblasts and/or proerythroblasts. The criteria suggested by the French American British (FAB) revised proposal in19851 to diagnose Acute Erythroleukemia are erythroid hyperplasia, exclusion of proerythroblasts from the blast count and enumeration of myeloid blast as percentage of the Non Erythroid Cells (NEC) marrow component. The FAB classification de facto made impossible the diagnosis of erythroleukemia in those cases in which the neoplastic proliferation involves exclusively the erythroid lineage, the Pure Erythroid leukemia. Presently those two subtypes are respectively identified as M6a and M6b. The new WHO classification of hematological malignancies2 includes erythroleukemia and its two subtypes among the group named Acute myeloid leukemia not otherwise categorized, It mantains the diagnostic FAB criteria except for the blast percentage required for the diagnosis, which has been reduced to at least 20% in the marrow or in the peripheral blood. Looking at the erythroid/myeloid erytroleukemia, the M6a subtype, the WHO document indicates among the morphological differential diagnosis, the RAEB and the AML with maturation with increased erythroid precursors. Differentiation is based on the NEC blast percentage. Finally differential diagnosis from the Acute myeloid leukemia with multilineage dysplasia should be performed on the presence of dysplasia involving ≥50% of myeloid or megakaryocytelineage cells. With the aim of assessing agreements and/or discrepancies among these two leukemic classifications, we have reclassified according to the WHO proposal, 13 cases of Acute Myeloid Leukemia previously classified as FAB-M6 from 1996 to 2002 in our hematological department. All patients were adult and had an aggressive clinical course, which is usually associated with erythromyeloid leukemia. Morphological study has been carried out separately by two different hematologists, the authors, on at least two smears of bone marrow aspirates stained with MayGrünwald-Giemsa. Samples were assessed for lineage representation, blast percentage and presence or absence of dysplasia involving one or both lineages out of the erythroid one. Each lineage dysplasia was defined by ≥50% of dysplastic lineage cells. Marrow differential has been performed by the two observers on 500 cell count, while blast percentage has been detected on the NEC marrow component, because all patients had erythroid hyperplasia. For all the 13 cases both observers reached full agreement in the final diagnosis. According the WHO classification all cases have been classified as Acute myeloid leukemia with multilineage dysplasia. In addition to erythroid dysplasia, 9 patients showed megakaryocitic dysplasia, while 4 patients had a trilineage dysplasia. This study suggests that the most cases of FAB-M6 leukemia, a rare leukemia of adult with a poor prognosis and usually associated to complex caryotypes with multiple structural abnormalities, are currently definitevely included among the WHO group of Acute myeloid leukemia with multilineage dysplasia. The introduction of the 1985 FAB criteria had determinated an increase of M6a diagnosi.3 The WHO classification will probably cause its disappearance as a separate group.


Persyarikatan Muhammadiyah as the largest Islamic community organization in Indonesia, which has business charities in the fields of education, health, social, economy and culture, develops its program through the Muhammadiyah Legal Aid Service Program under the coordination of the Muhammadiyah Central Leadership and Human Rights Council. LBHMU was established to help the poor who are facing legal problems. LBHMU's role is to provide free legal consultation and case assistance services to members of the community who are economically weak and have access to justice. This type of research is a type of empirical legal research, using primary, secondary and tertiary legal materials. Methods of collecting data through field studies, namely observation, surveys and interviews. The conclusion of this research is the development of Muhammadiyah Legal Aid Services with strategies including: strengthening LBHMU's vision to help the poor, maximizing funding sources from the Ministry of Law and Human Rights, as well as Lazismu, and conducting National Coordination Meetings.


In music, acoustics is the physical underlying phenomenon and vehicle of music production, performance and composition. Performance musicians around the world (and specifically in the UK) complete their extensive musical training without basic understanding of the fundamental acoustics concepts behind their practice, making their instruction arguably incomplete. Through quantitative and qualitative methods this novel and extensive study explored and evaluated the perceived value, suitability and attitudes towards the initiative of introducing basic acoustic ed- ucation in performance music training in the higher education in the UK. It was conclusively shown that the vast majority of the performance music education community, believe that such introduction would be highly beneficial and they would agree with an actual implementation. However less clear accord was found at this early stage on the proposed duration, methods, in- tegration and implementation routes. Prospective benefits, drawbacks and barriers were identi- fied by the large sample of participants if the introduction were to be implemented. The con- vincing findings of this study will serve to bring the identified knowledge gap to the attention of the relevant education field, influence curriculum change, and to serve as the foundation to the design and development of the next phases of this education initiative


This page describes the plants included in the seed ball mix for the plant society/seed library collaboration this past summer. For plants in the seed ball mixes available to the public please see https://libguides.maricopa.edu/c.php?g=1044808&p=8026055


In this fresh survey of foreign relations in the early years of the American republic, William Earl Weeks argues that the construction of the new nation went hand in hand with the building of the American empire. Mr. Weeks traces the origins of this initiative to the 1750s, when the Founding Fathers began to perceive the advantages of colonial union and the possibility of creating an empire within the British Empire that would provide security and the potential for commercial and territorial expansion. After the adoption of the Constitution-and a far stronger central government than had been popularly imagined-the need to expand combined with a messianic American nationalism. The result was aggressive diplomacy by successive presidential administrations. From the acquisition of Louisiana and Florida to the Mexican War, from the Monroe Doctrine to the annexation of Texas, Mr. Weeks describes the ideology and scope of American expansion in what has become known as the age of Manifest Destiny. Relations with Great Britain, France, and Spain; the role of missionaries, technology, and the federal government; and the issue of slavery are key elements in this succinct and thoughtful view of the making of the continental nation.


This paper proposes a novel and robust Sliding Mode Control (SMC) technique for hysteresis linearization of a stack actuated piezoelectric micro/nano positioner. This work documents a classical second order Dahl model to capture the effects of rate dependent hysteresis. An advantage of this model is its easier implementation and better depiction of asymmetric hysteresis loops than a same order Bouc-Wen model. In existing works on SMC with piezoelectric actuators, Dahl model has received scant attention. In contrast, this work explores second order Dahl model as a candidate for SMC implementation. The proposed approach is unique in the sense that it does not need a separate hysteresis observer. The stability of the controller is verified by Lyapunov stability analysis and zero steady state error is theoretically proved. SMC strategy accounts for the uncertain hysteresis as well as unanticipated fluctuations in the input. Simulation results establish the trajectory tracking robustness and effectiveness of the proposed control technique.


This article welcomes the end of suspensions for hospital doctors under the old disciplinary procedures and examines the new disciplinary framework.


This thesis deals with iterative methods for solving the Poisson equation, which is a representative of partial diferential equations. The research considers different
techniques and strategies in over-relaxation theory. The over-relaxation methods are easy to implement on a computer and exible in management of the rate of convergence. Recent research in this area is related to different variations and applications of Successive Over-Relaxation (SOR) and Accelerated Over-Relaxation (AOR) methods.
Three types of fnite-diference schemes are in the base of the full-sweep (FS),half-sweep (HS), and quarter-sweep (QS) approaches, considered in this research. Among them, the QS approach is shown to be the fastest and the most eco-nomical, achieving satisfactory result with less number of operations. Another approach to speed up the convergence is grouping of iteration points into a single iteration unit. Implemented with the fnite-diference schemes mentioned above,this approach produces Explicit Group (EG), Explicit Decoupled Group (EDG),and Modifed Explicit Group (MEG) methods. While all the above mentioned methods were implemented with SOR, among them, the QS point and MEG
methods have never been implemented with AOR before. The main objective of the thesis is to develop new sequential and parallel iterative methods that will be faster and more e�cient as compared to the existing meth-ods. Eventually, new AOR QS and AOR MEG iterative methods are proposed.
The experimental results and numerical complexity analysis have shown the new methods to be much faster than the existing counterparts. With respect to the AOR EDG method, which is the fastest counterpart, the total improvement in
terms of execution time is about 74%.Parallel implementations of these methods are very important, since high perfor-mance computing has become main supportive technology of scientific research.
Newly developed parallel AOR QS and AOR MEG methods for distributed mem-ory parallel machine are shown to be eficient for large sparse matrices, which occur in large sizes of problem. The parallel strategies used in the new algorithms are based on the message latency minimization and processor-independent iterations.


The plane mixing layer between two streams of different densities and velocities is studied using a complete, phenomenological model of turbulence. The model is an extension of that described by Saffman (1974). The properties of similarity solutions are computed, and compared with experimental data. The qualitative dependence on velocity ratio, density ratio, compressibility and adverse pressure gradient is predicted correctly. The quantitative agreement is satisfactory.


i i The differing body composition of man and woman can be traced back to an evolutionary, biological process of development in which the female anatomy is determined by the demands of reproduction. Top competitive sport, however, makes demands that at first glance appear to be ofa quite different order: namely, the optimalisation of endurance, strength, speed, flexibility and coordination. In women, the consequence ofthis is an approximation of her physical build to that typical of the male, and in young girls the retardation of development. The Aut hör examines the various aspects ofthis problem; a much debated issue in women 's athletics. • •


Observations of precipitation amounts at specified times may fail to indicate the maximum amounts for a given interval because the period of precipitation may extend over more than one observational interval. Because the time of precipitation is a chance phenomenon, the amount of such overlap or straddle can be evaluated on the basis of probability. It is shown that a model based on simple assumptions yields values for the adjustment factors that are near those presently used, which are based on empirical averages. The empirical factors have been determined at stations equipped with recording gages as the ratio of average maximum amounts for true intervals and average maximum amounts recorded for the observational interval. For a single interval, the factor is approximately 114%.


This paper introduces a recursive systematic approach for design of event-and data-flow control structures in mechatronic systems. The key idea, illustrated in this paper, is to widen the idea of well known state space description of time-driven systems to the field of event-driven systems, which results in a unified recursive modeling approach for both kinds of processes. The interaction between the time-driven and event-driven processes is introduced by converting continuous values into the logical conditions on one side, and by converting discrete logic states into the appropriate continuous reference values on the other side. Proposed approach is illustrated by simulation and experimental results for the lab-scale single axis drive position homing sequence procedure.


As with any finite resource, it is often necessary to apply policies to the shared usage of network resources. Existing solutions typically implement this by employing traffic management in edge routers. However, users of smaller networks regularly find themselves in need of nothing more than ad-hoc rate limiting. Such networks are typically unmanaged, with no network administrator(s) to manage complicated traffic management schemes. Trickle bridges this gap by providing a simple and portable solution to rate limit the TCP connections of a given process or group of processes.

Trickle takes advantage of the Unix dynamic loader's preloading functionality to interposition itself in front of the BSD socket API provided by the system's libc. Running entirely in user space, shapes network traffic by delaying and truncating socket I/Os without requiring administrator privileges. Instances of Trickle can cooperate, even across networks allowing for the specification of global rate limiting policies. Due to the prevalence of BSD sockets and dynamic loaders, Trickle enjoys the benefit of portability accross a multitude of Unix-like platforms.


[Objective] The aim was to study the seed sprouting of Acanthopanax senticosus and improve the emergence rate in next year.This could solve the difficulties in breeding and irregular emergence of seedling.[Method] The temperature-accelerated stratification and seed soaking with 4 different concentrations Gibberellin were taken in the experiment.[Result] The best embryo rate with 100 mg/mL Gibberellin was the best(91.4%).And the 100 mg/mL Gibberellin could accelerate the transformation of soluble sugar,protein and decrease the content of starch.[Conclusion] The embryo must undergo two different stages of morphological after-ripening and physiological after-ripening and break the inhibition substance.With these measures,seed collecting and seedling in next spring could be reached.


The cross-pollination of deep learning and causal discovery has catalyzed a burgeoning field of research seeking to elucidate causal relationships within non-statistical data forms like images, videos, and text. Such data, often being named `indefinite data', exhibit unique challenges-inconsistency between causal structure and representation, which are not common in conventional data forms. To tackle this issue, we theoretically develop intervention strategies suitable for indefinite data and derive causal consistency condition (CCC). Moreover, we design a self-supervised learning (SSL) framework that considers interventions as `views' and CCC as a `philosophy' with two implement examples on Supervised Specialized Models (SSMs) and Large Language Models (LLMs), respectively. To evaluate pure inconsistency manifestations, we have prepared the first high-quality causal dialogue dataset-Causalogue. Evaluations are also performed on three other downstream tasks. Extensive experimentation has substantiated the efficacy of our methodology, illuminating how CCC could potentially play an influential role in various fields.


This paper presents the first round of the task on Cross-lingual Textual Entailment for Content Synchronization, organized within SemEval-2012. The task was designed to promote research on semantic inference over texts written in different languages, targeting at the same time a real application scenario. Participants were presented with datasets for different language pairs, where multi-directional entailment relations ("forward", "backward", "bidirectional", "no_entailment") had to be identified. We report on the training and test data used for evaluation, the process of their creation, the participating systems (10 teams, 92 runs), the approaches adopted and the results achieved.


PURPOSE: To use an air conditioner for an electric vehicle in both summer and winter without changing the conditioner. CONSTITUTION: The air conditioner has an evaporator 15 and a condenser 12 arranged in a refrigerant fluid circuit 10. The evaporator 15 and the condenser 12 are used respectively, in summer for cooling and in winter for heating, the air which is delivered into the cabin of the vehicle. For this purpose, the evaporator 15 and the condenser 12 are disposed respectively in a first branch 17 and a second branch 18 of the air circuit, with a valve 4 being provided for bridging each of these branches selectively into communication with a cabin air inlet 21 and an evacuation duct 20 for evacuating air to the outside of the vehicle.


Purpose – The aim of this research is to attempt to reveal the difference between what fresh graduates expect and their actual experiences pertaining to the working environment.Design/methodology/approach – Using a set of self‐administered questionnaires, data were collected from 128 graduates. They were asked to indicate their preferences on organizational culture, leadership, communication, decision making, team working, motivation, and development. Using the same dimensions, the respondents then reported their actual experiences, thus enabling gaps to be determined.Findings – The results from paired‐sample t‐tests suggest that significant expectation gaps exist in all the areas surveyed. While communication, decision making and motivation are found to be significantly related to job satisfaction, none of the seven variables is found to be significantly correlated to organizational commitment.Research limitations/implications – The study focuses only on a rather limited sample size of Malaysian graduate...


Wheel profile wear, or bogie suspension failure will result in hunting instability of the vehicle system which will lead to dramatic changes in the lateral motion of the wheelset. The occurrence of hunting instability will worsen the ride performance of the vehicle or even cause the danger of wheelset derailment. Thus, the in-time and effective detection of wheelset lateral motion is very important for the vehicle hunting stability evaluation. By installing a certain amount of displacement sensors on the rail side along the track and detecting the distance between the wheel and rail when the wheelset passing by, the lateral displacements of the wheelset in measuring points can be obtained. The detection method of wheelset lateral motion by the wayside is studied, which includes the measuring principle, structure design, sensor installation, data acquisition and data analysis, and the application of the method to on-site detection for typical instability cases are demonstrated. At the same time, innovate on the existing on-board hunting instability monitoring method, proposed an evaluation method of hunting instability for wayside lateral movement monitoring system. The results show that: installing 20 eddy current sensors on both sides of the straight track to measure the lateral displacement of the wheelset can meet the requirement of detecting the vehicle hunting instability. At the same time, analyzing the measurement data and fitting the maximum value of the signal collected by each sensor can obtain the lateral trajectory of the wheelset. The wheelset lateral displacement can be used to monitor the occurrence of vehicle hunting instability if periodic motion is detected. The amplitude of the motion can determine the hunting instability level, and the frequency can be used to describe the wheel wear level and calculate the wheel/rail contact equivalent conicity. This method is able to provide a reliable data support for the vehicle operation safety. The proposed monitoring method and monitoring index are also of reference value to the development of other wayside hunting instability monitoring systems.


A comprehensive experimental program on pullout behavior of polypropylene fibers from cementitious matrices is described. The parameters investigated include the effect of embedded length on the pullout characteristics, the development of the interfacial bond with age of curing of matrix and the effect of exposure to degrading environments like seawater and salt water on the interfacial bond between the fibers and cementitious matrix. The aim of these experiments was to understand the properties of fiber/matrix interface, which are of primary significance for the overall behavior of fiber reinforced cement based composites. Polypropylene fibers have a weak bond with cementitious matrix because of the smooth surface of the fibers, which does not allow for sufficient friction to develop between the two. In this study a new method to improve the frictional bond by means of mechanical indentations of the fibers was also proposed. The bonding performance was characterized by means of pullout tests of the plain and modified fibers from a cementitious matrix. An optimum level of fiber modification for maximization of bond efficiency was determined experimentally. Also, recognizing the fact that fibers become most effective only in the post cracking phase of the matrix, a test method called Wedge splitting test was chosen for testing fracture characteristics. This test method allows stable crack propagation, providing valuable information about the post cracking behavior of concrete. Special molds were prepared for making the samples and appropriate fixtures for the experimental setup were fabricated. An experimental scheme to understand the effect of degrading environments on cracked concrete structures was initiated. Wedge splitting tests were used to initiate cracks in concrete samples in a controlled manner. The samples were exposed to salt water to simulate seawater environment. Testing of the control samples has been carried out. The samples exposed to salt water will be tested after one-year exposure.


A complete understanding of the development of tropical cyclones (TC) remains elusive and forecasting TC intensification remains challenging. This motivates further research into the physical processes that govern TC development. One process that has, until recently, been under-investigated is the role of radiation. Here, the importance of radiative feedbacks in TC development and the mechanisms underlying their influence is investigated in a set of idealized convection-permitting simulations. A TC is allowed to form after initialization from a mesoscale warm, saturated bubble on an f-plane, in an otherwise quiescent and moist neutral environment. Tropical storm formation is delayed by a factor of two or three when radiative feedbacks are removed by prescribing a fixed cooling profile or spatially homogenizing the model-calculated cooling profiles. The TC's intensification rate is also greater when longwave radiative feedbacks are stronger. Radiative feedbacks in the context of a TC arise from interactions between spatially and temporally varying radiative heating and cooling (driven by the dependence of radiative heating and cooling rate on clouds and water vapor) and the developing TC (the circulation of which shapes the structure of clouds and water vapor). Further analysis and additional mechanism denial experiments pinpoint the longwave radiative feedback contributed by ice clouds as the strongest influence. Improving the representation of cloud-radiative feedbacks in forecast models therefore has the potential to yield critical advancements in TC prediction.


Moraines of the type variously known as annual moraines, small end moraines or De Geer moraines are common in parts of south-central Sweden where deglaciation took place in a subaquatic environment. In discussions concerning the origin of such ridges their geochronological value has played an important role in Sweden (cf. Hoppe, 1957, p. 1). The assumption that the ridges, or some of them, were formed one each year has limited investigators to interpretations that postulate an annual rhythm of the retreating ice front and the formation of such ridges at (in front of) the ice edge. Neither the rhythm of recession nor the formation of ridges in front of the ice edge, however, have been satisfactorily proved-good evidence for such assumptions should of course be present if the annual nature of the ridges is to be convincingly demonstrated. In a few cases careful mapping of the moraines was combined with special geochronological investigations, but the results have not been in agreement. (1 st) After a detailed investigation in the Stockholm region De Geer (1912, p. 250) at first considered that each little end moraine corresponded to the proximal limit of a specific annual varve in the glacial clay. Later it was shown that in addition to the "annual", so-called winter moraines, in places short parallel ridges appeared forming twin moraines. These probably formed during the same winter as the adjacent main ridges. In the higher parts of the terrain smaller so-called interannual moraines are present -those in lower areas are presumably buried beneath clay-and they are believed to have formed in connection with calving during the summer (De Geer, 1932, pp. 14-15; 1940, p. 129). (2nd) Anrick's (1915) geochronological study in an end moraine area near Odensala, Uppland, resulted in the conclusion that the moraines, in places only about 80 m apart on an average,


This paper examines some of the issues of integrating pre-existing software components. The primary focus is maintaining consistency between the data stored by each component application. An approach is proposed which supports a unified view of the data stored by the individual component applications.<<ETX>>


This paper shows how safety and liveness properties are not necessarily preserved by different kinds of copies of computational artefacts and proposes procedures to preserve them, which are consistent with ethical analyses on software property rights infringement. Safety and liveness are second-order properties that are crucial in the definition of the formal ontology of computational artefacts. Software copies are analysed at the level of their formal models as exact, inexact and approximate copies, according to the taxonomy in [3]. First, it is explained how exact copies are the only kind of copies that preserve safety and liveness properties, and how inexact and approximate copies do not necessarily preserve them. Secondly, two model checking algorithms are proposed to verify whether inexact and approximate copies actually preserve safety and liveness properties. Essential properties of termination, correctness and complexity are proved for these algorithms. Finally, contraction and expansion algorithmic operations are defined, allowing for the automatic design of safety- and liveness-preserving approximate copies. As a conclusion, the relevance of the present logical analysis for the ongoing debates in miscomputation and computer ethics is highlighted.


FIELD: medicine, pharmaceutical technology. SUBSTANCE: invention relates to a method for preparing medicinal suspension aerosol compositions based on hydrofluoroalkanes comprising parmitic and stearic acid calcium, magnesium and zinc salts additionally as solid agents improving stability of suspension, mechanical effect of a dosing valve, dosing precision and chemical stability of active substance. EFFECT: improved and valuable properties of compositions. 8 cl, 6 ex


With a world-wide estimate of 60 million people, the Chinese Diaspora is the world's largest, encompassing international students, Chinese citizens living and working abroad and ethnic Chinese who are long-established citizens of other countries. Waves of emigration, predominantly by Cantonese and Hokkien speaking southerners, in the 19 and 20 centuries saw ethnic Chinese communities established worldwide. Spread far and wide, these groups lacked a lingua franca and a strong common 'Chinese' identity, largely taking up citizenship in their host countries. In recent years, China's drive for economic development has seen millions of citizens go overseas to live, study and work. Beijing has realised the economic and political importance of embracing this huge Diaspora of both citizens and non-citizens. This paper will examine the engagement between China and these communities.


The effect of some green leafy vegetable diets on haematological parameters of streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats was investigated. 16% vegetable inclusion (Occimum gratissimum,Pterocarpus soyauxii,Corchorus olitorius and Vernonia amygdalina) in the basal diets of streptocotozin-induced diabetic rats for 21 days resulted in modulation of haematological parameters. The results showed that there was a significant decrease (p<0.05) in the levels of Packed cell volume(PCV), Haemoglobin (Hb),white blood cell(WBC), red blood cell(RBC), platelets and neutrophils counts of the diabetic rats without vegetable-formulated diets when compared to the control. However, a significant increase of these hematological indices was observed in the groups fed with vegetable-diet. Lymphocytes, eosinophils, monocytes and basophils also showed significant difference(p<0.05) with increase in lymphocyte count. Among these vegetables, Pterocarpus soyauxii seems to be most promising. These results therefore suggest that green leafy vegetables are capable of normalising the hematological abnormalities associated with pathophysiology of diabetes mellitus.


Nineteen cases of primary non-Hodgkin's gastrointestinal lymphomas stages IE or IIE in a general hospital (Hospital México, San José, Costa Rica) in a 23 year period (September 1969-August 1992) were reviewed. Eleven patients were male and 8 female, for a male/female ratio of 1.4:1. Age ranged from 1778 years, with a mean of 5l.4 and a median of 57. Most patients (73%) were>40 years of age. The stomach was the main site of involvement (63%), followed by small intestine (26%) and colon (10%). Symptomatology presented by these cases was similar to epithelial gastrointestinal tumor. Gastroscopy in the gastric lymphoma cases was the most contributory exam; gastroduodenal X-rays study was diagnostic in 58% of the cases. Endoscopic biopsy was diagnostically unrewarding. Only 37% of the cases were considered to be Ann Arbor stage I. Resective surgery was undertaken in all cases: 12 gastrectomies and 7 intestinal resections, with adjuvant radio and/or chemotherapy in 13/19 patients. In 63% of cases the tumor was unifocal. Diffuse large celI lymphoma was the most frequent histologic subtype. Five cases presented pre-surgical perforation, with high morbimortality. Actuarial overall 5-yearsurvival rate according to the Kaplan-Meir life-table method was 50%, with a median survival time of 58 months. Most deaths (70%) occurred within the first year after diagnosis. Gastric lymphoma cases fared better than intestinal lymphomas (58 vs 28.6% at 5 years, median survival time of 129 vs. 54 months); the same is true for lower AA stage (64% 5-year survival for stage I vs. 41% for stage II); nevertheless, these differences were not statistically significant.


A theory for entangled two-photon imaging (EPI) that holds for arbitrary gain and also encompasses the case in which a macroscopic number of photons are detected in each pulse is formulated.


Discloses a switching converter and a control method and a control circuit, the switching converter comprising a switching circuit having at least one switching tube. The control circuit includes an error amplifying circuit, a logic circuit, a ramp signal generating circuit and the pulse skip circuit. Feedback signal with a reference signal representative of the error amplifying circuit switching circuit output voltage is compared to generate an error amplified signal. Logic circuit generates a control signal based on the error amplified signal to control the switch circuit in the at least one switch turned on and off, wherein the control signal comprises a periodic switching pulses. Ramp signal generating circuit provides a ramp signal. Skip skip pulse circuit generates a pulse signal based on the error amplified signal, the ramp signal and the threshold value, and supplies it to the logic circuit. Wherein the logic circuit causes a control signal to skip one or more switching pulses according to the pulse skip signal.


Introduction: basal cell carcinoma is a malignant tumor of cutaneous location and is the most frequent in humans, especially in the white race. When it appears in the periocular region it is considered to be of high risk due to the possibility of invasion into adjacent and underlying structures. Case presentation: male patient, skin phototype II, who came to the clinic because of the presence of a tumor lesion of 5X2.5cm in diameter, located in the left temple, involving the external angle of the eye. Clinical and histological diagnosis was made and treatment with HeberFeron was decided due to the location and size of the lesion. A first cycle of treatment was performed and a partial response was obtained with a reduction of the lesion to 2x2cm, and then a second cycle of treatment was decided. It was maintained as a stable disease, so treatment with superficial radiotherapy was indicated; it presented complete disease response, clinical and dermatoscopic. Conclusion: HeberFeron therapy was effective in reducing the lesion and, combined with superficial radiotherapy, achieved a complete clinical response and excellent aesthetic results.


We have fabricated 1-, 2- and 3-D photonic crystalline structures in polymer dispersed nematic and isotropic phase liquid crystals. It is observed that a particular mixture of isotropic liquid crystals and the photo-polymer will also polymerize and phase separate, forming high quality optical gratings, just as typical nematic liquid crystals. Liquid crystal droplet sizes obtained could be as small as a few 10's of nm, i.e., nano-droplets. The resultant structure exhibits excellent optical qualities, and high efficiency Bragg diffraction properties.


This article discusses the main aspects and features of the modern world energy market in Latin America. Energy diplomacy is analyzed as the main instrument of regional integration. The activities Of the Commission for regional economic integration (CELAC) are studied through the prism of ensuring the interests of all the main participants in this integration Association.


The modelling experiment described by Saco et al. is one of many in which regular or irregular vegetation patterns are shown to be reproduced by a relatively simple set of feedback mechanisms. Many of these modelling studies have focused on the formation of vegetation patterns that are characteristic of arid and semiarid environments. As stated by Saco et al.'s their experiment differs from much of the previous work by coupling a vegetation growth model with a landform evolution model and running the two at relatively small time steps over geologic timescales. This is an interesting modelling exercise from which new insight may be expected. The paper is generally well-written but lacks a clear set of research questions to be tackled with the coupled models. This


This paper presents an overview of research findings, legislation, policy and programme responses to prevent and respond to sexual abuse and exploitation of boys in South Asia. It represents a contribution to UNICEF IRCs research on the implementation of international standards and supplements previous IRC research on child trafficking in South Asia.


Cyber Security plays a very important role in the field of information technology. Securing the information has become one of the biggest challenges in the contemporary society. Whenever we think about the cyber security, the first thing that comes to our mind is 'cyber crimes' which are increasing tremendously day by day. Various government authorities and private organizations are taking many measures to prevent these cybercrimes. Besides various measures cyber security is still a very big concern to all of us. This paper mainly focuses on challenges faced by cyber security on the latest technologies. It also focuses on latest cyber security techniques, ethics and the trends changing the face of cyber security.


Martingale concentration inequalities constitute a powerful mathematical tool in the analysis of problems in a wide variety of fields ranging from probability and statistics to information theory and machine learning. Here, we apply techniques borrowed from this field to quantum hypothesis testing, which is the problem of discriminating quantum states belonging to two different sequences, <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\{\rho _{n}\}_{n}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> and <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\{\sigma _{n}\}_{n}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>. We obtain achievability bounds on the finite blocklength type II Stein- and Hoeffding errors which, for i.i.d. states, are in general tighter than the corresponding bounds obtained by Audenaert, Mosonyi, and Verstraete. We also derive finite blocklength bounds and moderate deviation results for pairs of sequences of correlated states satisfying a (non-homogeneous) factorization property. Examples of such sequences include Gibbs states of spin chains with translation-invariant finite range interaction, as well as finitely correlated quantum states. We apply our results to find bounds on the capacity of a certain class of classical-quantum channels with memory, which satisfy a so-called <italic>channel factorization property</italic>—both in the finite blocklength and moderate deviation regimes.


Incretin-based therapies are an alternative for the treatment of type 2 diabetes and weight reduction. In this respect, functional foods such as palm oil and glutamine are dietary strategies for the stimulation of intestinal peptides. Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate whether the palm oil capsules of ileal release (LI) and of glutamine (LI) result in increased secretion of glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and Peptide tyrosine tyrosine (PYY). Method: Nineteen obese patients follow-up of the Ambulatory Health Services , received nutritional guidance and supplementation with ileal release capsules containing palm oil and glutamine. Result: Prospective analysis showed an increase in median GLP-1 levels between T0 (before treatment) and T2 (after 2 months of treatment) from 21.9 pmol/liter (2-93) to 25.7 pmol/liter (3-92.5) (p= 0.564). The baseline of peptide YY increased between T0 68.5 pg / mL (46.5 to 150) to 71 pg / mL (46-181) in T2 (p= 0.909). The significant level established for all analyses was 5% (p <0.05). Conclusion: The daily intake of palm oil capsules (LI) and of glutamine (LI) by a period of 2 months did not influence the secretion of GLP-1 and PYY in obese patients. However, weight maintenance was observed during the evaluated period. Further studies are needed for inferences in this population, to determine if functional foods such as palm oil and glutamine are associated with other specific health benefits. The final sample consisted of 19 obese subjects who ingested palm oil and glutamine LI capsules for 2 months. The criteria for inclusion were obesity defined as a body mass index (BMI) of 30-35 kg/m 2 . Exclusion criteria were metabolic surgery, history of pancreatic diseases, and age younger than 18 and older than 60 years. The participants were advised to ingest 1 palm oil LI capsule and 1 glutamine LI capsule three times per day before the main meals, totaling 6 capsules/day, for 2 months. The participants received written information about the study and signed the free informed consent form. The study was approved by the Ethics Committee of UFTM, Uberaba, Minas Gerais, Brazil (Protocol CEP/UFTM: 2341). The protocol was carried out following the recommendations of Resolution No. 196/96, which approves the regulatory norms for research involving human subjects. of and their as in The variables in this prospective study PYY, glucose and fructosamine. The palm oil and glutamine designed to release their content within about 1 hour after to a pH of 6.8, corresponding to the ileal pH. The recommendation was to ingest the 1 hour before meals in order to promote satiety and to induce the subject to consume less food. This therapeutic approach was based on studies investigating the consumption of functional foods as a strategy for weight reduction.


This thesis describes a way to visualize hierarchical structures on PDAs using Treemaps. A new ordered layout algorithm for treemaps, called Split Layout, is presented. Traditionally, treemap algorithms have exhibited a trade off between good aspect ratio and ordered layout. The new Split Layout is compared to five published treemap algorithms. Properties such as avarage aspect ratio, stability, run time and readability are measured, and it is shown that the new Split Layout performs better than any known ordered layout. The average aspect ratio is about 23% better and the stability increased between 28% and 40%. A user study was performed to measure the quality of the ordering of the new algorithm. 30 users gave a total of 360 measured response times, and it was found that the median time to locate a specific rectangle in the treemap only took 0.14 seconds (5%) longer for the Split Layout than for the Pivot by Split Size algorithm. The technique was implemented on a PDA and used for visualizing threaded discussion forums. User studies confirm that the concept of using treemaps on PDAs looks promising. The contents of the forum were easily grasped, even though the number of articles exceeded one hundred.


This article attempts to study the series of problems appearing with the development of the higher professional technical education. In the author's opinion, the main task to develop the higher professional technical education is to arrange a correct posidon for it. Holding the view that going into the society, serving for the economy and the connection of producing, studying and researching are the thought pattern for us to follow and also they are the necessary way for the higher professional technical educadon to go. Holding the view that the higher professional technical educadon should have its own characteristics. Those mentioned above are the key points for the higher professional technical education to exist and to develop.


Gait as a biometric with the unique capability to recognize people at a distance is subject to increasing interest.A gait sequence contains static and dynamic components from the walking way.It is pivotal to integrate them to improve the performance of gait recognition.Initiated from the idea of integration,a moment invariants-based scheme for gait recognition is proposed in the paper,taking the magnitudes of the Fourier series coefficients representing moment invariants of gaits as features for identification.The moment invariants describe the static components during the walk,whereas dynamic components are contained in the coefficients extracted according to the whole gait sequence.So firstly,the moment invariants of each frame are computed.Secondly,the moment invariants of human's silhouettes are represented with Fourier series,the Fourier coefficients of which are obtained using a genetic algorithm.Thirdly,the magnitudes of the coefficients are generated as vectors to classify the subjects,which are identified by the kNN classifier.The recognition results of four kinds of gaits in the CMU gait database show that the proposed scheme has a correct recognition rate of more than 80% using a single moment and beyond 90% using jointed moments.Moreover,the scheme is also robust to partial occlusion.The experimental results and performance analysis indicate that the scheme is effective as it integrates static and dynamic components for identification.