Planetary boundaries are exceeded in many ways and major transformations are needed in economic systems and lifestyles in particular in the industrialized world. Can organic farming principles be applied more widely and help to make agricultural systems more resilient? How relevant are they to the challenges the agricultural sector faces today? If relevant and effective, why are they not more widely applied? In this paper contemporary challenges of agriculture are related to organic farming principles and practices. In the concluding section reference is made to those factors that seem to limit the application of the particular principles and practices. Reference is made to policy and market failure, information deficits and the widespread misconceptions around 'modernization', innovation and efficiency. Introduction: conventional agriculture in crisis The declining resources of critical input factors and exceeding of the buffer capacity of natural systems will in particular affect contemporary industrialized, high-input-high-output agriculture. Key references are OECD's (2012) Environmental Outlook 2050, the assessments published by the European Environmental Agency (EEA 2010), IPCC (2007) and the Millennium Ecosystems Assessment (2005). The SCAR (2012) and IAASTD (2009) reports emphasize that there are also massive economic and social problems affecting the agricultural sector. All in all, it is clear that business as usual and improvements in resource use efficiency alone won't be sufficient. Can organic farming principles be applied more widely and help to make agricultural systems more resilient? How relevant are they to the challenges the agricultural sector faces today? If relevant and effective, why are they not more widely applied? In the related discussions there has always been a tension between longerterm perspectives and continuity on the one hand, and the need to adapt on the other. The balancing of the two leads us directly to the resilience concept which means adaptive capacity, adaptation and continuity at the same time. And of course there always is also a tension between fundamental principles and individual management skills, knowledge, experience and context-dependence that determines place-based practice. Again it is the balancing of the two that matters. In this paper I will first have a very brief look at the origins and principles of organic farming. This will be followed by a clarification of the terms sustainability and resilience and a brief discussion of contemporary challenges against the background of organic farming principles and practices. In the concluding section reference is made to those factors that seem to limit a wide application of the particular principles and practices. Reference is made to policy and market failure, information deficits and the widespread misconceptions around modernization and efficiency that cause many contemporary problems. The same failures and deficits also affect the further development of organic farming which is why they need to be discussed much more explicitly. Organic farming: pioneers and principles Present organic agriculture practice has been evolving over far more than a century. Soil biologists developed first theories on how advancements in science could be used in agriculture as early as the late 1800s. Rudolf Steiner's Lectures on Agriculture were published in 1925, and Sir Albert Howard was the first to apply scientific principles to traditional and more natural methods in the 1940s. At about the same time J. I. Rodale started an organic farm for trials and experimentation in the US while Lady Eve Balfour was experimenting with organic practices in the UK. The overarching goal of organic farming is today defined by IFOAM as "a production system that sustains the health of soils, ecosystems and people. It relies on ecological processes, biodiversity and cycles adapted to local conditions." It is embodied in the following four principles (based on IFOAM; shortened): 1 Independent Analyst and Consultant, Frankfurt/M., Germany, http://sd-innovation.blogspot.com/, eMail: email@example.com KNICKEL K. From organic principles to wider application and a resilient agriculture: a reflections paper 408 (1) The principle of health: Agriculture should "sustain and enhance the health of soil, plant, animal, human and planet as one and indivisible". This principle points out that healthy soils produce healthy crops that foster the health of animals and people. Immunity, resilience and regeneration are key characteristics of health. Farming practice is to sustain and enhance the health of ecosystems and organisms. In view of this it should avoid the use of fertilizers, pesticides, animal drugs and food additives that may have adverse health effects. (2) The principle of ecology: Agriculture should "be based on living ecological systems and cycles, work with them, emulate them and help sustain them". This principle roots agriculture within living ecological systems: nourishment and well-being are achieved through the ecology of the specific production environment. Management must be adapted to local conditions, ecology, culture and scale. Inputs should be reduced by reuse, recycling and efficient management of materials and energy in order to conserve resources. Ecological balance should be attained through the design of farming systems and maintenance of genetic and agricultural diversity. Production, processing, trade and consumption are to benefit landscapes, climate, habitats, biodiversity, air and water. (3) The principle of fairness: Agriculture should "build on relationships that ensure fairness with regard to the common environment and life opportunities." Fairness is characterized by "equity, respect, justice and stewardship of the shared world, both among people and in their relations to other living beings". Agriculture should provide farmers, workers, processors, distributors, traders and consumers with a good quality of life, and contribute to food sovereignty and reduction of poverty. Animals should be provided with the conditions that accord with their well-being. Natural resources should be managed in a way that is socially and ecologically just and should be held in trust for future generations. Systems of production, distribution and trade are to be open and equitable and account for real environmental and social costs. (4) The principle of care: Agriculture should "be managed in a precautionary and responsible manner to protect the health and well-being of current and future generations and the environment." The enhancement of efficiency and of productivity should not be at the risk of jeopardizing health and well-being. Given the incomplete understanding of ecosystems, care must be taken. Precaution and responsibility are key concerns in management and technology choices. Scientific knowledge alone is not sufficient. Practical experience, accumulated wisdom and traditional and indigenous knowledge offer valid solutions. Decisions in particular regarding technologies and risks should reflect the values and needs of all who might be affected, through transparent and participatory processes. All four principles can be seen as equally important. They complement and reinforce each other and they are described by IFOAM (2013) as "the roots from which organic agriculture grows and develops". They "concern the way people interact with living landscapes, relate to one another and shape the legacy of future generations." From principles to wider application and agricultural resilience The resilience concept emphasizes the capacity of a socio-ecological system to respond to disturbance, resist damage and recover quickly. The importance of resilience as a conceptual framework is rapidly increasing with the more complex challenges and increasing uncertainty, in particular the rapidly changing climatic conditions. Resilience goes beyond sustainability defined by the Brundtland Commission (1987) in terms of the needs of present and future generations. Sustainability is a description of goals that comprise environmental, social equity and economic dimensions, the three pillars of sustainability. Both concepts are complementary but for the discussion in this paper, system resilience is the more meaningful concept. Table 1 relates the problems faced in contemporary agriculture to the relevant organic farming principles and practices. In the last column it is tried to identify those factors that limit a wider application of the particular principles. The information given in the table is seen as exploratory and a discussion starter, it is not meant to be complete. RAHMANN G & AKSOY U (Eds.) (2014) Proceedings of the 4 ISOFAR Scientific Conference. 'Building Organic Bridges', at the Organic World Congress 2014, 13-15 Oct., Istanbul, Turkey (eprint ID 23866) 409 Table 1: Problems, relevant practice(s) and factor(s) limiting a wider application Problems faced in contemporary agriculture Related practice(s) Factor(s) limiting a wider application Pollution (pesticides, nutrients), GHG emissions • soil building, nutrient cycling, nitrogen fixation • locally adapted, resistant plant & animal species • limitation of pesticide, fertilizer & antibiotics use • carbon sequestration through soil building Market failure Policy failure Insufficient information Intense use of nonrenewable resources and fossil fuels, unbalanced sharing of global level resources • efficient use of on-site resources • improved soil structure & fertility • efficient use of on-site resources • lower use of non-renewable resources Market failure Policy failure Insufficient information Biodiversity loss, monotone production landscapes • wider crop rotations & genetic diversity • soil biology and maintenance of landscape elements and natural habitats Policy failure Insufficient information Animal welfare and health deficits • husbandry practices that meet the specific behavio


p H – metry have been used most widely for the simultaneous equilibrium of transition metals with different amino acids like Histidine, Glutanic acid, Proline and L-aspartic acid using aqua-organic solvents. The ionic strength was maintained and complex formation was observed.


Morphometric studies of uteri, ovary weights, and follicle diameters were carried out to investigate possible methodological applications. Size and anatomical appearance of the uterus varied with age and phase in the estrous cycle, both in parous and nulliparous females. The uterus thus may provide valuable information on reproductive status for known-aged animals. Weight of ovaries increased in young, but declined in old females, showing significant covariance with body weight in young and prime ages. Ovary weights increased from low levels shortly after parturition to a maximum towards the end of the gestation period. Ovaries containing a corpus luteum were heavier than those without. Compared to ovary weights, mean diameter of largest ovarian follicle varied in an opposite pattern during the yearly cycle. Maximum follicle diameter was largest in non-ovulated females. Weight of ovaries and follicle size appear to be of limited value as criteria in analysis of reproductive status and performance.


—Basic measurements of global navigation satellite system receivers are obtained after the correlation of the incoming signal with locally generated replicas. Usually, correlation intervals are chosen synchronously with the data-bits sent with each satellite signal to avoid bit transitions. As a consequence, the ensuing code and carrier phase estimation signal processing operates at its own time and the navigation task must extrapolate loop measurements to a common instant. We have proposed an alternative receiver architecture using a common correlation interval for all satellite signals. Under this scheme, the correlations made for each satellite in-view have a common interval, chosen in synchronism with the navigation process rather than with the data bits. Naturally, now the bit transitions within a correlation interval require special treatment. The advantages of avoiding measurement extrapolation are shown with a scalar phase lock loop structure intended for high dynamics real-time receivers. The operation of this loop in a common correlation interval receiver needs a carrier phase discriminator structure able to produce outputs for the correlation with bit transitions inside the interval. Three possible carrier discriminator schemes are analyzed in this work. It is shown that the loops operating data-bit asynchronously with any of these schemes have similar tracking threshold and phase estimation quality than those working bit-synchronously. The proposed architecture naturally generates a vector of simultaneous measurements and then it is particularly suited for the implementation of real-time vector tracking loops.


The transmitting and receiving responses of an acoustical transducer in a fluid are characterized using the angular spectrum of plane waves representation. Nearfield and farfield calibration procedures for determining the parameters of the representation are described. Some of these procedures have been implemented, and results are shown. A simplified description is developed for the case of a circularly symmetric transducer which permits a significant reduction in computation. Forward and backward propagation of the radiated acoustical field can be performed using Fourier transform methods. This characterization is very effective for analysis of scattering problems, particularly when they are expressed in the T‐matrix formalism. An example is shown for normal incidence backscattering from a layered viscoelastic half‐space.


This publication reports on the implementation, and presents the first series of data obtained from an in-service insulator performance test tower, as installed on a 220 kV electrical power line close to the Walmund substation in Namibia. The data obtained forms part of the Insulator Pollution Program for Namibia.


Social gender theory appearing in 1970s is important achievement in modern women movement and women theories,which obtains new perspectives for traditional women studies.Gender perspective in women studies is a methodology and it affects scientific and prospectiveness of theoretical system,so it is of guiding and leading function to women issue study and women policy making;meanwhile,for women in modern society,it is more likely to be a direction and hope,and has functions of instruction,role location and power motivation.Therefore,in this diversified and changeable society,we have to identify,analyze and master features of society from the view of social gender to ensure the authenticity of social gender.


Noise mapping gives factual information on outdoor noise level propagation by describing real situations. This approach helps to assess the noise levels to which people are exposed and monitor the impact of noise. This paper focuses on campus noise mapping, where there are various noise sources such as electrical diesel generators, parking lots, industrial buildings, road traffic and students gathering in small gardens and squares, which generate high noise levels with adverse effects on students' concentration, communications, mental activities, and learning ability, causing annoyance and hearing impairments. Noise maps drawn by the SoundPlan software involve determining and inserting all noise source requirements followed by comparison with real measurements by using a SVAN957 Type 1 sound and vibration meter with analyzer. Based on two noise mappings, one with generators turned off and another with generators turned on, the dominant noise levels on the campus exceed the permissible limit of 55 dB(A) by WHO. The danger is located in and around areas in which students gather (small gardens and squares) where they take breaks near the generators and other noise sources without awareness of the noise levels to which they are exposed. Keywords: equivalent continuous A-weighted sound pressure level, noise mapping, noise sources, SoundPlan software.


: This paper attempts to explore the phenomenon of code-switching in different teaching contents and teachers' classroom instruction in high school English classrooms, the data are collected through questionnaire surveys from 220 students and 16 teachers, and the results show that teachers and students hold the same view that classroom code-switching has a positive effect on English learning. This survey also found that the frequency of language code-switching when teachers teach different content is different and cannot fully meet the current needs of students'. In that light this paper puts forward targeted suggestions for more scientific and flexible strategies for the usage of language code-switching of classroom situation in the future, in the end of this paper it states the limitations of this study.


A pathologic finding about one or more characteristics of mucosal melanoma of the head and neck, following the rules of the TNM AJCC v8 classification system as they pertain to staging of regional lymph nodes.


Underwater Optical Communication (UWOC) systems are attractive to researchers due to their ability of low power consumption, less complexity, high data rates, and covert communication. Various half-duplex (HD) UWOC systems has been proposed in this regard, but due to half-duplex characteristics, these systems have failed to improve the high throughput gain, high power efficiency and high data rates etc. Hence, we provided a review of different Full-Duplex UWOC systems using different light sources, with respect to transmission range, operational power, data rate, wavelength, and different underwater communication mediums. We observed that these FD systems have improved the communication range as well as data transfer rates, while implementing different light sources (i.e. lasers, avalanche photo diodes (APD), green and blue LEDs and lasers) in their transceivers. However, we pointed out that power inefficiency is a major issue faced by FD-UWOC systems. We also presented BER comparison of different FD-UWOC systems, implementing different modulations schemes, and pointed out that FD UWOC systems implementing un-coded 8PPM and BPSK outperformed. Finally, we concluded the paper and also highlighted some future directions for the FD-UWOC systems, and hope that our review can provide a platform for future research in the targeted area.


These cores were chosen for our initial effort because they typified normal open ocean conditions (see Fig 9; Tables 10, 11).


The identification of pollen-pistil compatibility relationships among almond cultivars and genotypes is very important for breeders and growers. In the present study, PCR based technique was used to identify S-alleles in 10 late blooming almond genotypes. In total, 19 alleles were amplified by five primer pairs in the studied genotypes. The size of bands ranged between 480 - 2000 bp. Seven S-alleles were amplified using AS1II/AMYC5R primer pair, whereas each of the Alsc11/AMYC5R, Pru-C2/Pru-C4R, PruC2/Pru-C5R and Pru-C2/Pru-C6R primer pairs amplified nine different S-alleles. Based on S-allele patterns, all of the studied genotypes were identified as self-incompatible. However, some of the genotypes had only one similar S-allele, all of the genotypes could be used in establishment of commercial orchards based on their blooming times.


This paper describes the machining method of complex surface face gear used CNC machine tools and hob cutter, Based on surface characteristics and gear hob principle. A coordinate transformation process is explained in detail in the five axes CNC machining of complex parts. A CNC hob method is proposed about surface orthogonal gear. An experiment is done for validating the method.


We are interested in practical proof procedures for theorems with significant number-theoretic content, and the integration of such procedures with modern Satisfiability Modulo Theories (S.M.T.) algorithms and Instance Based Methods (I.B.M.). Of particular interest is automation for proving theorems requiring non-linear arithmetic reasoning , a timely, important problem of current interest to many leaders in the field (see Paulson's ongoing EPSRC grant [26], Hunt et al. [17], and Avigad-Friedman [1]). We propose a jointly theoretical and practical focus with the following high-level goals: (1) the investigation of logical and computational aspects of decidability for fragments of arithmetic, including meta-theoretic methods for combining decision procedures for both disjoint and intersecting theories, and (2) the development of useful heuristics and semi-decision procedures for undecidable or computationally intractable fragments. For practical theorem proving, we find the recent progress of S.M.T. and I.B.M. algorithms wonderful. We believe they warrant substantial study, and we will endeavor to deliver efficient implementations of our procedural findings within state-of-the-art S.M.T. and I.B.M. systems. ∗2000 Mathematics Subject Classification: [General Logic] 03B25 Decidability of theories and sets of sentences, 03B35 Mechanization of proofs and logical operations; [Connections with Logic] 12L05 – Decidability; [Theory of Computing] 68Q25 Analysis of algorithms and problem complexity; [Algorithms] 68W30 Symbolic computation and algebraic computation. Non-linear arithmetic is a rather open-ended term, with an ambiguous denotation (i.e., do we mean inequalities between arbitrary Diophantine equations in Z[x], inequations between arbitrary polynomials in the theory of realclosed fields, inequalities and inequations between mixed formulae containing both real and integral variables, or what exactly?). Nevertheless, the term sticks, and is effective in so much as it contrasts with linear arithmetic, the theory of linear polynomial inequalities which is decidable and already well-supported by automatic procedures [19].


We offer a formulation of linear ordinary differential equations midway between what one encounters in a first undergraduate ODE course and what one encounters in a graduate Differential Geometry course (in the latter instance under the heading of "connections"). Analogies with elementary linear algebra are emphasized; no familiarity with Differential Geometry is assumed.


In this paper, a novel approach for robust and autonomous dc bus voltage control in a dc microgrid has been proposed. A nonlinear disturbance observer (NDO) only with local information is designed firstly to track power disturbances caused by load changing or the volatility of the renewable sources in the dc microgrid. With the observer, voltage droop method has been adopted in achieving power sharing and autonomous operation of a dc microgrid. Furthermore, an improved current feedforward is developed to suppress wide fluctuations of the dc bus voltage during transients. In addition, a notch filter has been used to effectively eliminate the second harmonic ripple components in the inductor currents of the droop control units to improve the power quality. The effectiveness of the proposed control scheme is verified on a laboratory prototype including two bidirectional dc-dc converters supplied by two programmable dc power supply systems, a dc load with a resistor connected to the dc bus via a buck type dc-dc converter and a three-phase unbalanced ac load.


The objective of this study is to analyze the abnormal sexual behaviors and how do they shape by the media. Even though, definition to the abnormal sexual behavior is also controversial, in this study, my conception is that so called sexual behaviors have been shaped over last years' by the malpractice of media in the forms of pornography, advertising, cinematic expressions, unethical media programmes, pseudo reporting based on high marketing, narration of unethical human relationships. This is a qualitative inquiry , conducted based on the observation and interviewing methods covering five provinces serially Western, Central, North-Western, North-Central and Southern in Sri Lanka. Technical Terms; Abnormal sexual behaviors, pornorgraphy, advertising, cinematic expressions


Presently, the high-speed electric machines with increased specific power are in the mainstream of research and are being developed worldwide. The high-temperature superconductor (HTS) machines allow improving the specific power even more significantly. The inductor generators are one of the perspective types of such machines. A new type of high-speed HTS electric machines is proposed in this paper. The proposed machine combines properties of generator with permanent magnets and inductor generator. In the rotor of this machine, permanent magnets are replaced by the stacks of HTS plates. In this case the HTS generator can be operated as an inductor iron-free HTS generator with combined excitation. This paper is devoted to the experiments and simulation of the proposed HTS generator. The experiment and simulation results prove the implementation of such design at three regimes: inductor, trapped-field, and combined excitation. The future development of the proposed HTS generators and perspectives of their application is discussed.


A protic ionic liquid containing the FSI anion has been synthesized for the first time and used as an electrolyte in an electrochemical storage device. This PIL-based electrolyte outperforms commonly used aprotic ionic liquids, maintaining the advantages and safety of ionic liquid-based electrolytes.


Off–great circle HF propagation effects are a common feature of the northerly ionosphere (i.e., the subauroral trough region, the auroral zone, and the polar cap). In addition to their importance in radiolocation applications where deviations from the great circle path may result in significant triangulation errors, they are also important in two other respects: (1) In systems employing directional antennas pointed along the great circle path, the signal quality may be degraded at times when propagation is via off–great circle propagation modes; and (2) the off–great circle propagation mechanisms may result in propagation at times when the signal frequency exceeds the maximum usable frequency along the great circle path. A ray‐tracing model covering the northerly ionosphere is described in this paper. The results obtained using the model are very reminiscent of the directional characteristics observed in various experimental measurement programs, and consequently, it is believed that the model may be employed to enable the nature of off–great circle propagation effects to be estimated for paths which were not subject to experimental investigation. Although it is not possible to predict individual off–great circle propagation events, it is possible to predict the periods during which large deviations are likely to occur and their magnitudes and directions.


Objective: To assess the quality of life (QOL) of the health team that works in a surgical center in a general hospital in the northwestern region of Rio Grande do Sul, and relate it to demographic variables. Methods: It is a cross-sectional, descriptive and quantitative study. Data collected by questionnaire and the WHOQOL – BREF. Results: 21 professionals, 52.4% specialists, 57.1% are female, 85.7% married, with children, 57.1% with 30 to 50 years old incomplete, 42.9% were 50 years or more; 66,6% work 15 or more years in the profession, 57.1% opted for the surgery center, 71.4% non-exclusivity. In the four domains of WHOQOL-BREF, the average gained 77.21 Physical, the Psychic 72.03, 71.43 Social Relations and Environment, 65.3. Conclusion: researched assess quality of life as "good" or "very good" and "satisfied" with their health, regardless of age and sex.


This report provides an overview of federally-funded employment services and supports that can be accessed by veterans with disabilities, including those designed to meet the needs of the disabled veteran population specifically, the veteran population in general, and the disability population in general. The report presents a comprehensive cataloging and review of all employment resources that veterans with disabilities can access in pursuit of wage and self-employment.


People comply with governmental restrictions for different motives, notably because they are concerned about the issue at hand or because they trust their government to enact appropriate regulations. The present study focuses on the role of concern and political trust in people's willingness to comply with governmental restrictions during the Covid-19 pandemic. We conducted a survey amongst Italian and French participants (N = 372) in March 2020 while both countries had imposed full lockdown. Moreover, a subsample of participants reported on their actual levels of compliance one week later (N = 130). We hypothesised that either concern or trust should be sufficient to sustain participants' willingness to comply and actual behaviour, but that the absence of both (distrustful complacency) would reduce compliance significantly. Results supported this hypothesis. We discuss implications of the interaction between concern and trust for public behaviour strategies as the pandemic progresses.


This study aims to determine the mental models of gifted middle school students about an earthquake. The study employed the phenomenological design. In this context, the study was conducted on 41 students having gained the status of gifted students are results of the exams conducted by Science and Art Centres (BİLSEM) in three different provinces of Turkey. In these centres, gifted students, are diagnosed and can recognize their areas of special talent and get education to develop these areas in addition to the formal education they receive in their schools. In the current study, the "Earthquake Mental Model Test" was developed by the researchers in order to determine the mental models of the gifted students about the concept of an earthquake. According to finding mental models of the 41 gifted students are gathered under the mental models of natural disaster-energy-destruction (f=1), natural disaster-earth's crust movement-destruction (f=6), natural disaster-destruction (f=2), energy-protection (f=1), quake (f=4), quake-destruction (f=16), earth's crust movement (f=2), earth's crust movement-protection (f=1) and earth's crust movement-destruction (f=8). According to the findings obtained, the mental models of the students regarding the earthquake are gathered under the themes of Natural disaster-energy-destruction model. Natural disaster-energy-destruction model: Natural disaster-earth's crust movement-destruction model, Natural disaster-destruction model, Energy-protection model, Quake model, Quake-destruction model, Earth's crust movement model, Earth's crust movement-protection model and Earth's crust movement-destruction model.


Eight crystalline pigments have been isolated from the fungus Suillus grevillei. 3′,4′,4-Trihydroxypulvinone, a novel pyrandione, and a novel furanone are described, and thelephoric acid is identified as the cap skin pigment of Suillus grevillei var. badius


BACKGROUND
A prospective, randomised study was conducted among 1009 cardiac surgery patients in order to compare the prophylactic efficacy of a second generation cephalosporin (cefuroxime) given as single shot, versus a broad spectrum double regimen (amoxycillin-netilmicin).

METHODS
Cefuroxime received 501 patients (Group A), while a 4-day combination of amoxycillin-netilimicin 508 patients (Group B).

RESULTS
There were found no statistically significant differences either in infection rate or the kind of infection between the two groups. Single shot cefuroxime prophylaxis was just as effective, as a 4-day combination of amoxycillin and netilmicin. Total infection rate was 5.6% (n=28) in Group A and 5.7% (n=29) in Group B. Respiratory tract infection was the most frequently registered in both groups; 2.6% in Group A and 2.9% in Group B. Sternal wound and catheter-related infection rates were 0.6% and 1% in both groups, respectively. There were no side effects due to the given antibiotics.

CONCLUSIONS
A single shot of cefuroxime prophylaxis is equally effective and safe as a 4-day regimen with amoxycillin and netilmicin.


Author Biography: Jennifer Watling Neal, Ph.D. is an associate professor of Community Psychology at Michigan State University. Her research and practice has focused on applying social network theories and methods to explore the dissemination of complex school-based interventions and to understand the contextual influences of schools and classrooms on children's social behaviors. She has published theoretical work focused on applying social networks to advance empowerment frameworks and the ecological systems framework. She is also interested in the advancement of social network data collection and analytic methodologies in the field of community psychology. Jennifer received the 2016 Society for Community Research and Action Early Career Award in recognition of this work.


Holdup measurement, needed for material balance, depend intensively on standards and on interpretation of the calibration procedure. More than other measurements, the calibration procedure using the standard becomes part of the standard. Standards practical for field use and calibration techniques have been developed. While accuracy in holdup measurements is comparatively poor, avoidance of bias is a necessary goal.


In view of the current characteristics of live operation of transmission lines and the problems of the use of series of special appliances without stipulations, etc. In this paper, the operation flow of live operation of transmission line using a series of special tools is presented.This article elaborates the operation process from seven aspects: scope of application, operation method, labor combination, operation process, safety measures, dangerous points, control measures and necessary tools.It solves a series of problems in carrying out live operation of transmission lines with a series of special tools.


New tricrystalline triblock terpolymers, polyethylene‐block‐poly(e‐caprolactone)‐block‐poly(L‐lactide) (PE‐b‐PCL‐b‐PLLA), were synthesized by ROP of e‐caprolactone (CL) and L‐lactide (LLA) from linear ω‐hydroxyl polyethylene (PE‐OH) macroinitiators. The linear PE‐OH macroinitiators were prepared by C1 polymerization of methylsulfoxonium methylide (polyhomologation). Tin(II) 2‐ethylhexanoate was used as the catalyst for the sequential ROP of CL and LLA in one‐pot polymerization at 85 °C in toluene (PE‐OH macroinitiators are soluble in toluene at 80 °C). ¹H NMR spectra confirmed the formation of PE‐b‐PCL‐b‐PLLA triblock terpolymers through the appearance of the characteristic proton peaks of each block. GPC traces showed the increase in the number average molecular weight from PE‐OH macroinitiator to PE‐b‐PCL, and PE‐b‐PCL‐b‐PLLA corroborating the successful synthesis. The existence of three crystalline blocks was proved by DSC and XRD spectroscopy. © 2019 The Authors. Journal of Polymer Science Part A: Polymer Chemistry published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part A: Polym. Chem. 2019, 57, 2450–2456


PIRES RF. Comparison between prone and supine position, associated to high frequency oscillatory ventilation in an experimental acute lung injury model. 2013. Thesis (Master) – Botucatu Medical School, Sao Paulo State University-UNESP, Botucatu, 2013. Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) has been associated to high mortality rate despite better understanding of its pathophysiology and advances in treatment. High-frequency oscillatory ventilation (HFOV) is a protective ventilatory method because of using low tidal volume (VT). There are also many adjunctive therapies, of which prone position is known to allow homogenization of VT distribution and to promote alveolar recruitment. The objective was to investigate the prone position and HFOV association effects on oxygenation, inflammation, oxidative damage and lung histology, comparing to the supine position in this same ventilation mode, in experimental acute lung injury (ALI) induced in rabbits. Thirty rabbits were instrumented with tracheotomy and vascular catheters and ventilated. ALI was induced by tracheal infusion of warm saline (30mL/Kg, 38°C). Rabbits were submitted to HFOV and divided in two groups (n=15), one ventilated in supine position (SG), and the other in prone position (PG). HFOV was initiated with mean airway pressure of 16 cmH2O, which was decreased each 30 minutes until 10-11 cmH2O. In the last 30 minutes, all rabbits were repositioned to supine position. Ventilatory and hemodynamic parameters were recorded every 30 minutes for 150 minutes. The outcomes were: oxygenation, measured by PaO2/FiO2 ratio and oxygenation index (OI); lung inflammation, assessed by the percentage of polymorphonuclear cells (PMN) in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BAL) and by the level of TNFalpha measured in BAL and in lung tissue, in ventral and dorsal areas; lung tissue oxidative stress, determined by the method of lipid peroxidation (malondialdehyde); and lung tissue damage, as determined by a histological score of injury, in each lung area. A significance level of 5% was evaluated. After induction, groups have shown the same behavior, decreasing PaO2/FiO2 ratio compared to the moment before the lung injury [SG before: 447.6 (364.2-492.8) > SG after: 72.1 (52.1-86.2); and PG before: 481.7 (428.4-493.9) > PG after: 6.5 (48.3-81.9); p<0.05] and increased the OI [SG before: 1.5 (1.4-2.1) < SG after: 13.7 (11.2-21.2); and PG before: 1.4 (1.4-1.7) < PG after: 14.7 (11.8-21.3) cmH2O/mmHg; p<0.05]. After HFOV initiated, PG showed faster recovered of OI to values similar to before the injury (at 90 minutes) than SG (at 120 minutes). PMN percentage recovered in the BAL was not different between the two groups (p>0,05). TNF-alpha levels were lower in PG BAL than in SG (PG: 0.32±0.25 < SG: 0.95±0.89 ng/ml; p<0.05) and, in the lung tissue, showed this same change to the dorsal area [PG: 14.1 (5.5-30.3) < SG: 36.6 (22.0-51.7) ng/ml, p<0.05)]. However, no statistical difference was seen between ventral areas [SG: 8.4 (5.1-11.5) = PG: 8.3 (3.915.2) ng/ml, p>0.05]. The histological damage score was higher to the SG than the PG (p<0.05), but no statistically difference between ventral and dorsal areas of each groups was showed. No difference was seen regarding lipid peroxidation. The conclusion was that prone position reduces inflammatory and histopathologic injury in lung tissue in experimental warm saline induced ALI model in rabbits submitted to HFOV.


The winner is he who gives himself to his work, body and soul. No one ever had a more inspiring life than Dr. Meltzer so far as life was concerned in scientific endeavor and efforts on behalf of other investigators. For this poor Russian emigrant accomplished the impossible.


An apparatus and a method for controlling an on-die terminator in a semiconductor device are provided to reduce transition area with unknown ODT(On Die Termination) delay time after escaping from a power down mode of the semiconductor device. A control part(60) outputs a termination resistance control signal on the basis of an ODT(On Die Termination) signal asynchronous with a clock signal until an ODT signal synchronized with the clock signal is outputted. A termination resistance generation part generates termination resistance on the basis of the termination resistance control signal. The control part comprises a demultiplexer(320), a delay circuit and a termination resistance control signal generation part(360). The demultiplexer outputs the ODT signal asynchronous with the clock signal inputted to an input port in response to a power down mode escape signal indicating the power down mode escape time through a first output port, or outputs the ODT signal synchronized with the clock signal through a second output port. The delay circuit is connected to the second output port of the demultiplexer, and delays a signal outputted from the second output port. The termination resistance control signal generation part outputs a signal outputted from the first output port of the demultiplexer as the termination resistance control signal during ODT latency in response to a detection signal generated on the basis of the ODT signal and the power down mode escape signal, or outputs a signal outputted from the delay circuit as the termination resistance control signal.


Adsorption isotherms of organic contaminants between soil and nitrogen were determined by frontal analysis chromatography. The organic contaminants of interest were methylene chloride, carbon tetrachloride, tetrachloroethylene, chlorobenzene, n-hexane, and toluene. All the isotherms exhibit a BET type II behavior. The adsorption capacity on soil at saturation was determined for each contaminant and compared to the adsorption capacity corresponding to unimolecular layer adsorption. It was observed that the monolayer adsorption covers the whole surface uniformly rather than taking place on selective sites.


Cross-infection has the potential to occur in the Dental and Oral Hospital due to cross-transmission of pathogenic microbes through dental chair surfaces that are contaminated with microbes. This  study aims to compare the effectiveness of three types of disinfectant Septalcan, Terralin, and 70% alcohol on the inhibition of pathogenic microbes originating from the oral cavity of patients who contaminate the surface of dental chairs in aerosol and non-aerosol clinics. Sampling of microorganisms was carried out using the technique of wiping/swab the surface of dental chairs in aerosol and non-aerosol clinics before and after the disinfection process with three types of disinfectants. The decrease in the number of germs before and after the disinfectant process is used as a parameter for the effectiveness of the disinfectant. The results of the one-way ANOVA statistical test shows that there is no significant difference in the effectiveness of the three types of Septalcan, Terralin, and 70% alcohol in reducing the number of germs on the surface of dental chairs. The three types of disinfectants are able to minimize the risk of cross-infection due to pathogenic microbial contamination on the surface of the dental chair.


ABSTRACT A color vision test (OSCAR), based on the "silent substitution" technique, was designed and a portable and easy‐to‐use instrument was built to carry out the test. For evaluation, a cross‐validation study was conducted on a group of 118 young men screened as possible color defectives by the Ishihara test. A battery of tests was administered including color plates, a lantern test, and the Nagel anomaloscope. The results show that OSCAR can easily screen red/green anomalous and dichromatic subjects from normals and that a protan/ deutan diagnosis can be made with a reliability comparable to that of the Nagel anomaloscope but in a much shorter time. In a test carried out on a group of 150 elementary school children the OSCAR results were comparable to the Ishihara plates and the test also proved more convenient and efficient.


Abstract This article investigates whether increased concern to 'bring Europe closer to the citizen' and the more inclusive European Convention format enhanced the influence of member state territorial actors in EU treaty-making. To this end, four questions are explored in a case study of Spanish territorial actors' experience of the Convention process: What did regions and minority nationalists hope to gain from the Convention? Who represented them there? What domestic pressures could they apply on Convention members? To what extent did individual Convention members defend or articulate regional and minority nationalist preferences? It is concluded that while the Convention method facilitated participation of actors formally representing certain Spanish territorial actors for the first time, overall the Convention method did not greatly improve their involvement in debate. This was largely due to the partisan and representative mandates of the Spanish Convention delegation, limited domestic collaboration between territorial actors, limited pressure territorial actors could apply on Convention members via domestic institutions, and the tendency of Convention members to articulate government or purely partisan positions.


Thus, hiding their attitudes from the external world these lords of religion portrays a fake of self which looks like hullabaloo for the other world. Such, blasphemous attitudes of patriarchal as well as religious lords are prominent all around world for which the subaltern had to face lots of traumas which got expressed several books like Beloved, The slave, The god of small things, Smaskara etc. therefore to project the atrocities and traumas of subaltern is the central goal of the paper.


Arguments have been given recently for providing the functionality of prototypes in object-oriented languages. Prototypes allow more flexible sharing of code and data by delegating messages to parent objects without the rigid structure of a class hierarchy. Prototypes can implement classes, and delegation can be used to model both single and multiple inheritance. However, one drawback with delegation is the difficulty in enforcing the semantics that delegation is used to model. This paper proposes a novel mechanism to control the delegation of messages with rules. In this system, the delegation of messages is governed by a set of rules possessed by each object. Rules can be used to implement classical single inheritance and can implement various solutions to multiple inheritance. In addition, rules can be created dynamically to model application-specific semantics. This paper describes how rule-based delegation works and illustrates various rules for rule-based delegation that have been implemented.


In the paper, an analysis of bistatic tracking accuracy in passive radar is presented. The influence of parameters such as integration time, probability of false alarm, signal-to-noise ratio and spectral density of process noise is investigated. Simulations are performed for three popular types of illuminators of opportunity: FM, DAB and DVB-T.


The invention relates to an emergency lighting device for a logistics warehouse, which comprises a lamp shade, a lamp holder, a bulb and an emergency control box body, wherein the emergency control box body is internally provided with a storage battery, a control circuit, a ballast and corresponding connecting leads; and the control circuit is connected with the storage battery and the ballast respectively through leads. The emergency lighting device for a logistics warehouse better solves the problems of insufficient lighting brightness and short lighting time of ordinary emergency lighting, and normal working lighting and the emergency lighting share a path of power lines, which achieves the purpose of providing normal working lighting only with mains power input; and when the mains power input is not provided, the lighting device is instantaneously transited to an emergency mode, which meets the requirements for lighting brightness and lighting time of the emergency lighting in logistics warehouse operations.


Hip fractures are more frecuent in the elderly, with serious consequences in mortality and functionality. There are multiple risk factors to develop it and in some of them it is possible to perform an early intervention to avoid this complication, however, most data are obtained from de Anglo-Saxon or European population.
A descriptive observational study was conducted between January 1st and December 31st, 2017 in patients included in the orthogeriatric protocol of the Hospital Universitario San Ignacio. Telephone follow-up was performed one year after de hip fracture. Fifty-five patients older than 65 years with non-pathological hip fracture and who received surgical treatment were selected, with an average age of 81.03 years, 72.8% were women and the most frecuent type of fracture was intertrocanteric with 63.64%. Mortality, functionality and institutionalization was performed a year after the hip fracture, with a mortality of 12.73%. Malnutrition, delirium, development of intrahospital complications, anemia and acute kidney injury were associated with increased mortality. Patients who survived had impaired functionality on the Barthel scale (83.2 to 65.6, p=0.00) and higher risk of institutionalization (6 to 9, p=0.00).
Conclusion: Hip fracture in elderly increases mortality one year after the event, as well increases the risk of institutionalization and functional impairment.


A 160 km DWDM link with 320 Gbit/s (32/spl times/10 Gbit/s) capacity and 50 GHz channel spacing is demonstrated using four in-line semiconductor optical amplifiers. The link performance with and without a saturating reservoir channel does not vary significantly.


Kaegi-Braun and colleagues1 have presented a retrospective analysis of the outcomes of nutritional support on hospitalized patients who are malnourished. This study found that nutritional support is associated with small but statistically significant decrease in patient mortality (7.2% vs 8.8%; incidence rate ratio, 0.79 [95% CI, 0.75-0.84]; P < .001) and reduced hospital readmission. There are a number of important strengths to this study, principally the very large number and heterogeneity of patients examined and the investigators' attempt to control for a number of variables that may influence the analysis, including scaling or ranking the severity of malnutrition. The potential influence of nutritional support on outcomes, particularly in patients who are very ill, is powerful. The study by Kaegi-Braun et al1 provides additional, valuable evidence of its importance. Although there are many attempts at consensus definitions for diagnosis, determining the nutritional status of hospitalized patients remains difficult. The authors used International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems, Tenth Revision (ICD-10) and Swiss Classification of Operations (CHOP) codes to determine degrees of nutritional status. However, these codes are nonspecific and the instruments used for diagnosis rely on weight loss and food intake, both difficult to measure accurately in a hospital setting. The use of these codes to assess nutritional status are designed to result in some type of unspecified nutritional support and the ranking of nutritional risk (not malnutrition) is based on the rate of weight loss (>5% over 1, 2, or 3 months), an extremely difficult value to determine in hospitalized patients with multiple comorbid diseases. In the present study by Kaegi-Braun et al,1 it is not possible to make any conclusions related to the degree of malnutrition of the patients. The evaluation of nutritional risk should be objective; however, the term malnutrition has subjective connotations, and almost certainly some of the application of specific ICD-10 codes related to nutritional status were not based on objective criteria. The evidence that ignoring the nutritional status or not treating hospitalized patients who are malnourished results in poor outcomes is strong. However, evidence that nutrition support can improve these outcomes is mixed, particularly from prospective randomized trials.2 Treatment of undernutrition and malnutrition presents a number of challenging issues in patients who are hospitalized. The first is diagnosis of a specific treatable nutritional deficiency. Malnutrition has been defined in many ways, but the clinical presentation is weight loss. Diagnostic criteria3 are complex and involve assessments that are not readily available in many clinical settings. This is particularly true for assessments of body composition. In some cases, the loss of body weight results from decreased total energy intake. A reduction in food intake may result from loss of appetite and simply providing a supplement or more food may not result in any change in energy or protein intake without considering or treating the cause of loss of appetite. In hospitalized, bed rested patients, weight loss may result from not only negative energy balance, but also from a rapid decrease in muscle mass. In older people, bed rest can cause a substantial decrease in the rate of muscle protein synthesis, nitrogen balance, and loss of lean mass.4 This immobilization-induced decrease in muscle protein synthesis is highly responsive to a nutritional intervention, while accelerated muscle protein breakdown due to inflammation may not be.5 It is possible to provide adequate energy to hospitalized patients who are undernourished via enteral or parenteral feeding, with no effects on correcting the loss of muscles. Even in patients who are obese and have cancer, the loss of muscle is an independent risk for mortality.6 Accurate measurements of body weight in hospitalized patients are of great value, but changes in body weight without knowledge of components of changes in body composition do not provide sufficient information for targeted + Related article


Terahertz waves are located in the energy level range of hydrogen bonding and van der Waals forces, and can directly couple with proteins to excite the nonlinear resonance effect of proteins. Therefore, terahertz can affect the conformation of proteins, the structure and function of neurons. Primary cerebral cortex neurons of SD rats were cultured in vitro. Neurons were radiated 3 days by THz with frequency of 0.3-3THz and a power of 100μW; record the growth and development indicators of neurons (Cell body area, total length of process). At the end of a radiation programme, Western blotting was used to detect the protein expressions of GluA1, GluN1, postsynaptic density protein-95(PSD-95) and synaptophysin 38(SYP-38). After the first day of terahertz radiation, the increase in cell area increased by 144.9% (P<0.05); On the second and third days of terahertz radiation, the growth value of the total length of neuronal neurites increased by 65.1% (P<0.05) and 109.4% (P<0.05), respectively; Three days after terahertz irradiation, the protein expressions of GluA1 and SY-38 were increased by 38.1% (P<0.05) and 19.2% (P<0.05), respectively. The results show that (1)The use of Low intensity of broadband terahertz in this study will not cause the death of cortical neurons, and will not affect their growth regularity;(2)Low intensity of broadband terahertz radiation. can promote the growth of cortical neuron cell bodies and processes, but the effects on cortical neuron cell bodies and processes are different. This may be related to the developmental cycle of cultured cortical neurons in vitro, and there is a cumulative effect on the promotion of neuronal processes by low intensity of broadband terahertz;(3) The promotion of neuronal growth and development by low intensity of broadband terahertz radiation may be related to the proportion of AMPA receptor subtypes and the expression of presynaptic specific protein SY-38. These results herald specific frequencies and energies of terahertz radiation as a novel neuromodulation technology for the treatment or intervention of diseases such as neurodevelopmental disorders.


As most of the known diseases exhibit dysfunctional aspects in the signal transduction networks, there has been a great deal of enthusiasm to identify novel drug targets based on the knowledge of key signal transduction components and their links to diseases. In the present study, a computational framework was recruited for the reconstruction of protein-protein interaction networks of specific signaling mechanisms in Baker's yeast. The objective was to analyze the interconnection between these signaling networks in order to identify the possible crosstalks between sphingolipid signaling and other signaling mechanisms. These networks are composed of the candidate proteins belonging to sphingolipid signaling, target of rapamycin (TOR) signaling, high osmolarity glycerol (HOG) signaling, pheromone response and calcium (Ca) mediated signaling in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. A detailed map including physical and functional connections that link the relevant signal transduction components to each other and to adjacent networks is developed. The proposed framework can effectively be used as a tool to give insight into the important and complicated network of signaling in higher eukaryotes.


With the development of information technology and its application in education, education will undergo fundamental changes in terms of content, form, method and organization. Combining with various disciplines has brought a qualitative leap to education. The physics experiment in the physics course is an important part of students' physics learning. However, in reality teaching, many middle schools have poor teaching conditions due to limited experimental conditions, and cannot meet the learning needs of each student. As a technology with a wide imagination space, VR can construct and produce physical phenomena that are difficult to observe in reality. This article attempts to apply VR to physics experiments, and intends to use virtual experiment to improve the teaching effect, explore the value of VR in physics experiment teaching.


Family-of-origin interventions, particularly the wo rk of Murray Bowen, are well-established in family therapy. Bowen believed that current psyc hological adjustment and adult relationship patterns were strongly influenced by t he family in which one was raised. Bowen theory is one of a relatively few family therapy mo dels that has generated empirically developed measurement tools. The Family-of-Origin S cale (FOS) was developed for adults to retrospectively assess family climate. Early FOS r esearch suggested that the scale was reliable, demonstrated discriminant validity and wa s correlated with other established instruments assessing family functioning and indivi dual adjustment. The current study extended previous psychometric research through an exploratory examination of the association of the FOS with established scales of b oth post-formal thought (The Social Paradigm Belief Inventory) and motivation (Academic Motivation Scale) in a sample of 108 predominantly young adults. Results indicated modes t as ociations between the FOS and several theoretically congruent motivational dimens io of the Academic Motivation Scale but did not demonstrate an association with The Soc ial Paradigm Belief Inventory.


This study aimed to develop a regulation system for off-label drug use to secure the safe use of marketed drugs. We searched governmental documents for national and global regulating systems of off-label drug uses and a body of academic literature to explore current regulating trends. We included European Union, United Kingdom, United States of America, Australia and Japan, and critically reviewed the regulation of off-label drug use in four issues, which were a reg- ulatory structure, safety control before and after off-label use, and information management. The findings of the present investigation called for several measures in off-label drug uses: enhancing prescribers' self-regulation, providing up-to-date information to prescribers for evidence-based practice and to patients for their informed consent, making evidence with sci- entific rigor, building an official registering process for off-label use in good quality and extending the role of pharmaceutical industry in pharmacovigilance. At last, we proposed a new system so as to regulate and evaluate off-label drug uses both at national and institutional level. In the new system, we suggested a clear-cut definition for clinical evidence that applicants would submit. We newly introduced an official 'Off-Label Drug Use Report' to evaluate the safety and clinical efficacy of a given off-label drug use. In addition, we developed an algorism of the regulation of off-label drug use within an institution to help set up the culture of evidence-based practices in off-label drug uses.


In this brief note the authors respond to L. Spaventa's criticism of the methodology used to determine the level of protected pay, in their book Inflazione e Salari. In a recent article L. S. has raised some criticisms of the methodology by which we solve the problem of identifying the protected level of pay, is instantaneous, both in cumulative terms, in the book Inflation and Wages. The fundamental criticism concerns the taking over of 100 the value of the price index at time t = 0, from which derives, according to Intimidate, an underestimation of the salary protected. Obviously, any estimate of remuneration protected can not refer to some initial value of the price index, on the other hand how many times the same Scare highlights. The authors explain why the choice made by them is justified. JEL: E24, E31, J30


Literary fortune, as eternal and immutable as it might seem in some cases, is always the result of a complex process of mediation, made of refusals, negotiations, misunderstandings, even feelings of repulsion and devotion. In other words, literary fame is rather a destination than a destiny. If Shakespeare acceptance in Europe was an exceptionally tortuous journey, him crossing the Alps proved even more problematic. All through the eighteenthcentury Shakespeare's presence in Italy was virtually non-existent, while the first translation of his complete works only appeared in 1831. The first performance of a Shakespeare play to ever be attempted in Italy was staged around 1843, proving a remarkable fiasco. Two more decades will have to pass before a play meets the audience's applause, namely Ernesto Rossi's staging of Othello in 1856. From that point, also thanks to the influence of melodrama, Shakespeare's slow process of canonization was on its way to completion. The Italian case proves useful to understand how the processes literary canonization work. This paper analyzes what reasons may have led the Italian literary system to be so exceptionally resistant to Shakespeare, exploring how matters of ethnocentrism and chronocentrism are often at work when analyzing


&NA; Contact lens flexure and the associated residual astigmatism were measured, with hard (PMMA) corneal lenses of various diameters and powers, on corneas of various toricities. Varying contact lens diameter did not alter lens flexure or residual astigmatism on any of the corneas. Varying the contact lens power did not alter lens flexure or residual astigmatism on spherical corneas. However, on toric corneas, contact lenses with higher minus power caused significantly less flexure and residual astigmatism than did contact lenses with lower minus power.


This is a report of 2 cases of incidentally diagnosed endometriosis found on the rectus abdominus muscles in women who had no previous history of endometriosis or surgical procedure. In both cases, the women sought medical attention for palpable abdominal masses; only 1 of the women experienced cyclic abdominal pain. There was slight pain with palpation of the masses. Abdominal ultrasound demonstrated a heterogeneous hypoechoic mass in the rectus abdominus muscle in both cases. The surgical diagnosis was endometriosis in both cases. This study underscored the importance of considering endometriosis in women having a symptomatic mass in the abdominal wall either with or without a surgical history. The importance of this finding in the etiology of the different causes of endometriosis diffusion is discussed.


Polyhedral compilation has been successful in the design and implementation of complex loop nest optimizers and parallelizing compilers. The algorithmic complexity and scalability limitations remain one important weakness. We address it using sub-polyhedral under-aproximations of the systems of constraints resulting from affine scheduling problems. We propose a sub-polyhedral scheduling technique using (Unit-)Two-Variable-Per-Inequality or (U)TVPI Polyhedra. This technique relies on simple polynomial time algorithms to under-approximate a general polyhedron into (U)TVPI polyhedra. We modify the state-of-the-art PLuTo compiler using our scheduling technique, and show that for a majority of the Polybench (2.0) kernels, the above under-approximations yield polyhedra that are non-empty. Solving the under-approximated system leads to asymptotic gains in complexity, and shows practically significant improvements when compared to a traditional LP solver. We also verify that code generated by our sub-polyhedral parallelization prototype matches the performance of PLuTo-optimized code when the under-approximation preserves feasibility.


administered glycoside. The corresponding aglycone, arising from microfloral degradation of the glycoside, was voided in the faeces after oral administration. Neither the glycoside nor the aglycone was detected in the urine of rats receiving 3',4',7-tri-O(,B-hydroxyethyl)rutoside orally. When 3',4',5,7-tetra-O-(,-hydroxyethyl)rutoside was administered either orally or intravenously the glycoside was detected in both bile and urine for at least 30h. The corresponding aglycone was voided in the faeces after oral dosage. A quantitative procedure, utilizing band I of the u.v. spectra of these glycosides (Courbat, Uhlmann & Guerne, 1966), was employed to determine the amount of glycoside plus related metabolites voided in the bile and urine. After intravenous administration it was found that over a 24h period 50-60% of the 3',4'-7-tri-O-(#hydroxyethyl)rutoside was voided in the bile, with 6-30% in the urine; and that 12-30% and 24-54% of the 3',4',5,7-tetra-O-(,-hydroxyethyl)rutoside were voided in the bile and urine respectively. The amounts voided over 24h in the bile and urine after oral inistration of either glycoside were less than 10% of the dose. Administration of naringin, phlorrhizin and (+)catechin orally and intraperitoneally resulted in the excretion of flavonoid conjugates in both bile and urine. Unchanged naringin and (+)-catechin were also detected in the bile after dosage by either route, but phlorrhizin was only detected in the bile after intraperitoneal administration. Unchanged rutin was not detected in the bile or urine after oral or intraperitoneal administration. This may be attributable to the low solubility of rutin, resulting in retention of the compound at the site of injection or within the alimentary tract (Clark & Mackay, 1950). The findings indieste that biliary excretion, with subsequent elimination in the faeces, may be of major importance in the excretion of certain flavonoids.


The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved the first eye implant for the treatment of cytomegalovirus (CMV) retinitis in AIDS patients. The Vitrasert Implant releases ganciclovir for 6 months, warding off disease progression. CMV retinitis affects as many as one of out three AIDS patients.


The level and structure of the morbidity rate with temporary disability of the employees at the medical institution of higher education as well as the factors influencing it are presented.


This paper describes a multi-media based Internet course for electronic packaging education at Michigan State University (MSU). The course will use RealVideo and PowerPoint to deliver the lecture material for the course. The Sync-O-Matic 3000 software will be used to quickly produce the Web-delivered lectures. Sync-O-Matic 3000 was developed at MSU and is already in use producing several Web-based video courses within the College of Engineering. We describe the Web technologies used in the production of the course and the electronic packaging materials for the course.


Schottky barriers have been made by evaporation of indium at a pressure of 1 × 10−6 torr onto chemically prepared n-GaAs. Ohmic contacts to the samples have been made by alloying In-Au composition (90:10 by wt) at a temperature of 550°C for 30 sec. Barrier height has been determined by using (i) C-V method, (ii) photoelectric method, and (iii) forward I-V characteristics. Barrier heights obtained by all the methods are in reasonably good agreement. Photoelectric method has also been used to determine the image force dielectric constant. But agreement in theory and experiment is not satisfactory. I-V characteristics showed that the barriers are true Schottky barriers with values of n very close to unity. n is found to vary with temperature as well as with diode area.


Taking the chance of the construction of Chengdu as an urban-rural integration reform and experimental area, this paper summarizes the practices of Chengdu in urban-rural integrated development for years and the experiences of post-earthquake re-con-struction of small towns. Based on the local situations and development direction of small towns in Chengdu, it makes technical guidelines for small town planning by referring to related standards and codes, in order to normalize the procedure, emphasis, standard and out- comes of towns planning, encourage towns to strengthen local industries and form local characters. It will be useful in locally transforming surplus rural labor force and constructing the "new urban-rural form".


Television distribution by wire networks, mainly for densely populated urban areas, is described. The subject is treated by considering the various types of network and transmitting and receiving systems. Attention is mainly focused on screened quad cable and coaxial cable. Transmitting and receiving systems are considered under two main subdivisions?those distributing unmodified waveform and those distributing modified waveform. System layouts illustrated by simple calculations on subscribers' feeders are included.


Becker muscular dystrophy (BMD) and Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) are progressive neuromuscular disorders resulting from mutations in the dystrophin gene. BMD presents similarly to DMD, but generally has a milder clinical course. Clinical features include progressive weakness beginning in the proximal leg and pelvic musculature with eventual involvement of the upper limb, shoulder, and neck muscles. Muscular degeneration in these areas is often associated with orthopedic complications such as scoliosis requiring surgical intervention. The presence of dystrophin in cardiac, smooth, and skeletal muscle as well as in the brain produces complex multisystem involvement that increases the risk of morbidity and mortality during anesthetic care. Common perioperative concerns include the potential for difficult airway management, comorbid cardiac disease with alterations in conduction and contractility, reduced pulmonary capacity, rhabdomyolysis, and an increased sensitivity to various anesthetic agents. We present a 19-year-old male with BMD who required anesthetic care for posterior spinal fusion. Previous reports of anesthetic care for these patients are reviewed, the end-organ involvement discussed, and options for anesthetic care presented.


In this work, we study the problem of allocating two types of memory, which have different access speeds, to a set of routers in a single content-centric network. Total network delay is adopted as the performance metric. We first formulate the allocation problem and show that it is NP-hard. Then we prove that this problem is monotone submodular with a matroid constraint. Hence, we are able to derive a guaranteed (1-1/e)- approximation solution when the network is originally stable. We consider tree-structured networks with variable hierarchies under the widely used En-route caching assumption. Simulation results show that the developed algorithm performs well compared to the optimal solution, and only a limited fraction of nodes becomes hybrid regardless of the network size. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first theoretical work on quantitative analysis and algorithm development for hybrid memory allocation for content- centric networking (CCN).


The problem faced by sick human are not only physical problems but also psychological and spiritual patients will experience imbalances. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of psychospiritual interventions on the spiritual level of patients. This was a one-group pre-test post-test study conducted in May 2018 at the Aisyiyah Islamic Hospital in Malang. Samples of 15 inpatients were taken by purposive sampling technique. A socio-demographic questionnaire, the DSES (Daily Spiritual Experiences Scale) was utilized for data collection. This intervention was carried out 4 days (4 meetings) for 30-60 minutes each. The data were analyzed using Wilcoxon test in SPSS. The majority of the spiritual level of patients at pre was 13 people (86.7%) and low 2 (13.3%), after intervention 14 people (93.3%) had a high level and 1 (6.67 %) medium. pvalue (0.001) <α (0.05), which means there is a spiritual level difference before and after intervention. The psychospiritual interventions is very effective in improving the spiritual quality of care patients. Thus, have a positive impact on patient health. Therefore, it is recommended that nurses not only focus on physical aspects but provide holistic care in all aspects, especially spiritual.


Introduction: Parental passive smoking has been associated with adverse respiratory outcomes in children. Evidence remains inconclusive as to whether smoking is a risk factor for allergic disorders in children. The aim of the study was to evaluate the association between paternal smoking and symptoms of asthma and allergies in Chinese schoolchildren. Body: We studied 10824 Chinese schoolchildren from Shijiazhuang city in Hebei province in China. We used an ISAAC questionnaire and we added questions related to paternal smoking. The prevalence of paternal and maternal smoking in China is 56.52% and 1.34%, respectively. The prevalence rates of all symptoms of asthma, rhinitis and eczema were significantly higher in children exposed to paternal passive smoking compared with children not exposed to paternal smoking (wheeze ever 6.5% vs 4.6%, P


BACKGROUND
The study aimed to assess the effectiveness of an educational intervention promoting adherence to healthy diet and physical activity.

STUDY DESIGN
Before-after interventional study.

METHODS
Participants were healthy volunteers, 18-70 y old, from Bologna. They followed a training course consisting of seven meetings and signed a contract to comply with the promoted habits, verified through questionnaires at the engagement phase (T0), three months later (T1) and one year later (T2).

RESULT
One hundred, fifty-three subjects were involved, 75.8% were evaluated at T1 and 41.2% at T2. More than 80% of the subjects involved at T1 achieved an improvement of planned goals. Moreover, 77% of T1 compliants retained healthy eating and physical activity at T2.

CONCLUSION
The proposed pathway of empowerment positively affected nutrition and promotion of physical activity at 3 months after the intervention (T1) and were maintained even after a year. The results appear to be promising for primary prevention across the spectrum of a healthy lifestyle educational approach.


Summary A. R. Ferreira made extensive collections in the Amazon valley and northern Planalto of Brazil during 1783-1792. The Paris duplicates of these collections have been studied by many monographers, but are usually not attributed to Ferreira. The Ferreira Melastomataceae have generally been cited as collected by Bonpland, resulting in misleading phytogeography. The melastome types now known from this early expedition are listed, with some notes on the species synonymy.


In A Thousand Acres by Jane Smiley, woman and animal are both dominated and oppressed by patriarchy, which shows the cognate relation between sexism and speciesism. The animality of woman, pet raising and animal farm are related to animal ethics. The major characters' behaviors fully explain the main ideas of emotion-oriented feminist animal ethics to bring enlightment to animal protection and confusion as well.


Dye-sensitized solar cells(DSSC) is a very promising clearness solar energy equipment.Photo-anode is the working electrode of DSSC,which is used to adsorb dye molecules,collect and transport the electrons.The structure(aperture,porosity,rough factor) and composition of the anode play a great part in improving photovoltaic catalysis and conversion efficiency of the cell.In this paper,processing and modification methods of the current DSSCs' anode and effects of additives on the performance of it are reviewed in detail.


Article 20 of the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) gave consumers in the European Union the right to port their personal data between digital service providers. We critically assess the economic implications of this new right in the light of the extant economic literature and with a focus on competition and innovation in the digital platform economy. In particular, we conclude that observed user behaviour data should clearly fall under the scope of data portability and that, above and beyond the regulations set out under GDPR, a right to port personal data continuously and in real-time would be necessary to truly empower consumers in the context of the digital platform economy. We also discuss the economics of Personal Information Management Systems (PIMSs), which many policymakers see as an essential tool for consumers in an economy where data portability becomes more widespread. However, we are sceptical that PIMS will be self-sustainable and instead advocate to facilitate the development of open-source projects, which have made little progress so far due to a lack of interfaces (which would come about with a right to continuous data portability) and due to a lack of common standards.


The ground and ligand field excited states of CrF3−6 have been studied, using different Gaussian basis sets of atomic natural orbitals. Each state was first optimized separately in a complete active space self‐consistent field (CASSCF) calculation, including three active electrons in the 2t2g and 4eg shells. Further correlation was then added by using either a singles and doubles configuration interaction approach (SDCI) or by the average coupled pair functional method (ACPF) with the CASSCF configuration space as the reference space. Thereby the number of correlated electrons was raised up to 15. It is shown that the quartet–quartet transitions, corresponding to a 2t2g→4eg excitation, are described already very accurately at the CASSCF level. Further improvement of the 4A2g→4T2g transition was obtained by extending the CI treatment so as to include the F 2p electrons from the 1t2g,3eg, and finally also from the 6a1g shell. For the intraconfigurational t32g quartet–doublet transitions on the other hand, t...


The important analytical control designs which are based on the state-space model of the linear time-invariant system yield a controller whose order is almost the same as that of the plant model. If a plant is described by a high-order model, the resulting controller cannot be implemented without reducing its order to a practically acceptable value. This is achieved using weighted model order reduction wherein the weights represent a specific closed-loop performance criterion. In this paper, we present a weighted model order reduction algorithm, which is computationally efficient and ensures less weighted error. The algorithm tends to achieve the weighted-H2 error optimality and guarantee the stability of the reduced-order model, unlike the existing weighted interpolation algorithms. The proposed algorithm is an effective design tool to obtain a lower order controller for large-scale plants in a computationally efficient way. The application of the proposed technique in achieving this objective is also demonstrated on benchmark problems.


Sorting apparatus, a component carrier that is configured to convey the component along a transport path, the first sort bin, and a second sort bin, first from the component carrier in a first transport position along the transport path of the first transport station configured to convey the components to bins, from the component carrier at a second transfer position along the transport path a second configured to transport the component to the second sort bin It may include a transfer station. In this embodiment, the distance from the first conveying position to a second transfer position can be shorter than the first sort bin and at least one of the width of the second sort bin.


Aim To explore the role of ERK1/2 MAPK signaling transduction pathway in the inhibition of human cervical cancer HeLa cells by aspisol.Methods The effects of aspisol at 1,5,10 mmol·L-1 on cell proliferation,colony formation,early apoptosis rate of HeLa cell were detected by MTT assay,Standard Colony-forming assay,flow cytometry respectively.The ERK1/2,P-ERK1/2,COX-2 protein expressions were detected by western blot.Results The growth of HeLa cells was inhibited;clony numbers were decreased;early apoptotic rates were deduced and expressions of P-ERK1/2 protein and COX-2 protein in HeLa cells were down-regulated by aspisol at 1,5,10 mmol·L-1(P 0.01) and its inhibition effect was related with time and dose of drug,but it did not affect total ERK1/2 expression(P 0.05).Conclusion Aspisol can inhibit cervical cancer HeLa cells proliferation and induce apoptosis.Its mechanisms may be involved in inhibiting ERK1/2 activation and down-regulating the expression of COX-2 protein.


The interaction between large internal motion of DNA surrounded by bio-fluid is investigated. The phenomenon is modelled using the relativistic Navier-Stokes lagrangian describing the bio-fluid coupled to the standard Klein-Gordon lagrangian describing the DNA. It is shown that the equation of motion at non-relativistic limit, |~v| ≪ c, reproduces the well-known SineGordon equation. The effect of the interaction in a single soliton solution is also given and discussed. PACS : 87.10.+e, 87.14.Gg ∗Email : firstname.lastname@example.com http://www.bppt.go.id From physical point of view, DNA is considered as a system consisting of many interacting molecules in a particular configuration of space-time. It has been shown that under particular external conditions the molecules form a double helix [1]. The helix has a dynamic and flexible structure. The motion (transverse, longitudinal and torsional) of DNA can be divided in two main regions : the small and large amplitude of internal motions. The small amplitude of motion can be described by the hamiltonian of harmonic oscillator. On the other hand, the large amplitude is described by a non-harmonic one [2, 3]. Recently, many works have discussed and arrived at the conclusion that the large amplitude of internal motion can be considered as a nonlinear dynamical system where solitary conformational waves can be excited [1]. Nonlinear interaction between molecules in DNA gives rise to a very stable excitation, the so-called soliton [2]. Soliton is a pulse-like nonlinear wave which forms a collision with similar pulse having static shape and speed [4]. As mentioned above, DNA is not motionless. It is in a constantly wringgling dynamics state in a medium of bio-organic fluid in the nucleus cell. However, the motion of DNA surrounded by fluid is rarely studied. Previous studies are usually done by solving the Navier-Stokes equation and its wave equation simultaneously using appropriate boundary conditions. On the other hand, in the Hamiltonian formulation the viscous force is considered to be comparable with other forces arising from Hamiltonian [5]. The solution is then obtained by expansion and performing order-by-order calculation. In these approaches, anyway the picture of interaction between DNA and its surrounding fluid is not clear. Now, in the present paper a new approach to investigate the interaction between DNA and bio-fluid is discussed using the lagrangian method. Rather putting it by hand, the interaction is described in more natural way from the first principle, i.e. by introducing some symmetries in the lagrangian under consideration. This kind of Navier-Stokes lagrangian has successfully been developed for both relativistic and non-relativistics cases [6, 7, 8]. Imposing an appropriate (gauge) symmetry to the bosonic lagrangian with boson field Φ, one can construct a gauge invariant lagrangian. The lagrangian induces gauge bosons Aμ as follows [8], lNS = (∂μΦ) † (∂Φ) + V (Φ) + lA , (1) where, lA = − 1 4 F a μνF aμν + gJ μA aμ + i 2 fg ( ΦT Φ ) AbμA cμ , (2) the strength tensor is F a μν ≡ ∂μA a ν − ∂νA a μ − gf AμA c ν , while the 4-vector current is, J μ = [(∂μΦ) T Φ − ΦT (∂μΦ)] , (3) and satisfies the current conservation ∂J μ = 0 respectively. The additional terms in lA are required to keep invariances of the bosonic lagrangian under local (nonAbelian) gauge transformation U ≡ exp[−iT θ(x)] [9], where Ta's are generators belong to a particular Lie group and satisfy certain commutation relation [T , T ] = ifT c with f is the anti-symmetric structure constant. It has further been shown


1. The supernatant solutions obtained after aggregation or sonication of washed human platelets were superfused over preparations of human isolated digital arteries using a small volume bioassay method. The agents released from the platelets caused strong contractions of the artery strips.


The article presents a review of modern literature data on the role of various etiological factors in the development of chronic recurrent pancreatitis. Much attention is paid to infectious agents (viruses of epidemic parotiditis, hepatitis B and C, enteroviruses, adenoviruses, mycoplasmas, salmonellae) in the formation of the inflammatory process in the pancreatic tissue. The features of the pathogenesis of chronic pancreatitis associated with viral infection B and C are considered; it has been shown that the lesion of the pancreas is caused by the replication of viruses directly in the cells of this organ, immunopathological changes in the liver, and concomitant immunological disorders. The probability of developing diabetes mellitus, as one of the clinical manifestations of viral replication in pancreatic endocrine cells, is underlined. The clinical manifestations of exocrine and endocrine insufficiency of the pancreas during infection with various viruses, including Coxsackie B and enteroviruses, are described in detail; the features of the course of diabetes caused by infection of these pathogens are listed. The peculiarities of chronic pancreatitis in HIV-infected and AIDS patients, in patients with parasitic pathology (opisthorchiasis, clonorchosis, ascariasis, giardiasis) are considered; the role of helicobacteria in the development of a chronic inflammatory process in pancreatic tissue is characterized. It has been suggested that a given organ may be simultaneously affected by several infectious factors; the importance of identifying pathogens of infectious diseases for the timely formulation of the correct diagnosis and the selection of adequate therapy is emphasized.


the fitorremediacao is characterized by the use of plant and microbial or to extract and reduce the toxicity of metals in soil, has been described as an effective technology, indestructive, economically and socially acceptable to remedy polluted soil. Today through some studies, you can see that the Cerrado offers native plants that make the process of fitorremediacao, alterna433 e st u d o s, G oi ân ia , v . 3 7, n . 3 /4 , p . 4 19 -4 37 , m ar ./a br . 2 01 0. tive low cost and with the use of green technology not back environmental impacts.


To identify proteins that regulate the transcriptional activity of c-Jun, we have used the yeast two-hybrid screen to detect mammalian polypeptides that might interact functionally with the N-terminal segment of c-Jun, a known regulatory region. Among the proteins identified is a short form of Stat3 (designated Stat313). Stat3t3 is missing the 55 C-terminal amino acid residues of the long form (Stat3a) and has 7 additional amino acid residues at its C terminus. In the absence of added cytokines, expression of Stat3g3 (but not Stat3a) in transfected cells activated a promoter containing the interleukin 6 responsive element of the rat a2-macroglobulin gene; coexpression of Stat3j8 and c-Jun led to enhanced cooperative activation of the promoter. Nuclear extracts of cells transfected with a Stat3jf expression plasmid formed a complex with an oligonucleotide containing a Stat3 binding site, whereas extracts of cells transfected with a Stat3a plasmid did not. We conclude that there is a short form of Stat3 (Stat3j), that Stat3j3 is transcriptionally active under conditions where Stat3ca is not, and that Stat3.8 and c-Jun are capable of cooperative activation of certain promoters. Cellular responses to signaling agents are mediated in part by gene activation cascades that are initiated by the modification of preexisting transcription factors present in the cytoplasm (1). Among such signaling transcription factors are the Stat proteins (Statl-6) that are phosphorylated by tyrosine kinases in response to the binding of extracellular cytokine or growth factor ligands (2, 3). The phosphorylated Stats then rapidly migrate to the nucleus and activate specific genes (4). The first Stat proteins identified were Statla, StatlJ3 (a short form of Statl), and Stat2, which are components of the ISGF3 transcription factor complex responsible for the activation of interferon-a responsive genes (5). Stat3 was identified by the low-stringency hybridization of its cDNA to a Statl probe derived from a region conserved between Statl and Stat2 (6, 7) and as a protein from mouse liver that bound to an interleukin 6 (IL-6) responsive element of the a2-macroglobulin acute-phase response gene (8). Hence Stat3 has been referred to as acute-phase response factor (APRF) (8). Stat3 is also activated by epidermal growth factor (7). In general, Stat proteins are phosphorylated on a single tyrosine residue (4), an event shown to be required (for Statl) for dimerization, presumably via SH2 domains, and subsequent nuclear translocation and gene activation (4). For Stat3, serine phosphorylation also appears important for the formation of stable DNA-binding complexes (9). Among the genes that are rapidly activated in response to certain growth factors and cytokines are those encoding a disparate group of transcription factors that can then activate other genes in the transcriptional cascade (10). These immediate-early transcription factors include members of the Jun and Fos families of basic-leucine zipper proteins (10-12). The Jun proteins (c-Jun, JunB, and JunD) can dimerize among themselves or heterodimerize with Fos family members or certain other basic-leucine zipper proteins to form DNAbinding transcriptional activators (12). Despite the number of distinct pairs of homoand heterodimers possible within the Jun and Fos families, because of the similarity of their DNAbinding domains they all bind to the same or very similar DNA sequences (13), suggesting that binding to distinct sequences in or near gene promoters alone is not sufficient to account for the differences in their transcriptional activities. Jun proteins differ in regions outside the conserved dimerization/DNA-binding domain, including their N termini (14). For c-Jun, a number of interactions or modifications of the N-terminal region influence the transcriptional potential or stability of the protein. For example, c-Jun is phosphorylated on Ser-63 and Ser-73 by protein kinases (15, 16) in response to extracellular stimuli, increasing its transcriptional activity. A cell-type-specific repressor is believed to interact with c-Jun through the S domain, a region near the N terminus deleted in the oncogenic form of c-Jun (17). In addition, the 8 domain appears to influence the rate of c-Jun degradation by modulating the level of ubiquitination (18). Several regions of c-Jun known to be important for transcriptional activation reside near the N-terminal end of the protein (19-21). Thus interactions of the N-terminal segment of c-Jun with other proteins, mostly undefined, play a vital role in modulating its stability and transcriptional activity. We have been interested in identifying proteins that differentially regulate the activities of members of the Jun family. For the reasons noted above, we initially concentrated on a search for proteins that interact with the N terminus of c-Jun. For this purpose the yeast two-hybrid system (22, 23) was used to isolate mammalian cDNAs encoding proteins that interact with an N-terminal segment of c-Jun and affect the transcriptional activity ofJun when coexpressed in cultured cells. In this report we describe the identification of a short form of Stat3* discovered in the two-hybrid screen that interacts with an N-terminal segment of c-Jun and acts synergistically with c-Jun in activating a promoter containing the IL-6 responsive element of the a2-macroglobulin gene. The short form of Stat3, unlike the longer form, can activate the promoter in the absence of added extracellular ligand. MATERIALS AND METHODS Construction of Plasmids. A yeast plasmid encoding a fused GAL4-c-Jun N-terminal segment (aa 1-104) was constructed by inserting an amplified c-Jun segment into a Sal I-linearized Abbreviations: IL-6, interleukin 6; APRF, acute-phase response factor; CAT, chloramphenicol acetyltransferase; hSIE, sis-inducible element; TK, thymidine kinase. *The sequence reported in this paper has been deposited in the GenBank data base (accession no. U30709). 9097 The publication costs of this article were defrayed in part by page charge payment. This article must therefore be hereby marked "advertisement" in accordance with 18 U.S.C. §1734 solely to indicate this fact. 9098 Biochemistry: Schaefer et al. yeast plasmid, pPC62 (23). A cDNA encoding the entire Stat3,3 coding region was reconstructed as follows: a Sal I-Sca I fragment prepared from the original yeast isolate and a Sca I-BamHI fragment amplified from a liver cDNA library (Stratagene) were ligated to Sal I-BamHI-linearized pGEM-7Zf (Promega). After sequence verification, the Stat3(3 coding sequence was transferred to the expression plasmid pcDEBA:neo, a neomycin derivative of pcDEBA (24) containing the SRa promoter (25). A Stat3a cDNA was isolated from a liver cDNA library (Stratagene) by using a fragment of Stat3p3 cDNA as probe. Its cbding sequence corresponded to the reported APRF sequence (8). A Stat3a expression plasmid was generated by transferring a Sac I-HindIII fragment containing the Stat3a coding sequence to pcDEBA:neo. Chloramphenicol acetyltransferase (CAT) reporter plasmids were constructed by annealing complimentary oligonucleotides corresponding to the region of the rat a2-macroglobulin promoter (26) containing both an IL-6 responsive element and a predicted AP-1 site (ACTGGGAAAGTCCTTAATCCTTCTGGGAATTCTCGGCTAACGGGTCAGGAATTAACCTTGGCGGTAATTAGGCCATCAGTiACT [TTCAGAG, these sites are underlined) and inserting them proximal to the minimal thymidine kinase (TK) promoter of the plasmid pBLCAT20 [a modified form of pBLCAT2 (27)]. Promoters containing triple point mutations in the AP-1 site, the IL-6 site, or both sites were constructed in a similar fashion. Expression plasmids encoding c-Jun, JunB, JunD, and c-Fos, all cloned into pcDEBA:neo or pcDEB/, and the reporter plasmid pBLCAT20 were provided by Y. Nakabeppu (Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan). Yeast Two-Hybrid Screen. DNA encoding the Saccharomyces cerevisiae GAL4 DNA-binding domain fused to c-Jun-(1104) was integrated at the leu2 locus of S. cerevisiae PCY2 (23). This strain was transformed with a yeast plasmid library encoding BALB/c 3T3 cDNAs fused to the activation domain


For detecting and quantifying pathologies statistical analysis of motion patterns of body joints is very useful. However, building a statistical motion model across different parts of body remains a challenging task, especially for a complex joint like the wrist. This method presents a novel framework for simultaneous registration and segmentation of multiple 3-D volumes of different joints at various articulated positions. The framework starts with a pose model generated from 3-D volumes captured at different articulated positions of a single part. This initial pose model is used to register the template volume to image volumes from new subjects. A novel framework for estimating the 3D poses and shapes of the carpal bones from single view fluoroscopic sequences is presented. A hybrid statistical model representing both the pose and shape variation of the carpal bones is built, based on a number of 3D CT data sets obtained from different subjects at different poses. Given a sequence data from database, the wrist pose, carpal bone pose and bone shapes are estimated iteratively. This method on both simulated data and real fluoroscopic sequences and demonstrated that the relative poses of carpal bones can be accurately


Objective To observe the effect of Esomeprazole on peptic ulcer in the aged(PUA) with H.pylori-positive.Methods Fifty-five aged patients with peptic ulcer,all were H.pylori-positive,were allocated into 2 groups.Group 1:patients with duodenal ulcer(DU),Group2: patients with gastric ulcer(GU).Esomeprazole,20 mg bid,amoxycillin 1 000 mg bid and furazolidone 100 mg bid were given to all patients for 7 days.Results of H.pylori eradication,the status of ulcer healing,clinical symptoms and side effects were observed and recorded.Results In all patients,the symptoms have been significantly improved in 1 to 3 days.The H.pylori eradication rates in Group 1 and Group 2 were 91% and 94% respectively.The healing rate of ulcer in Group 1 and Group 2 were 95%,91%.No significant side effects were observed.Conclusion Esomeprazole is an effective and safe medicine in the treatment of PUA.


The present invention provides a method for controlling an electronic device types and electronic equipment, in order to achieve self-deformation of electronic equipment to improve the degree of intelligent electronic devices to provide a good user experience. The method applied to an electronic apparatus, the electronic apparatus comprises a main body, a controller and a deformable structure, said controller is disposed within the body, the deformable structure is disposed on the main body, and the controller the deformation structure can be connected to a controller capable of controlling the deformation of the deformable structure, the method comprising: when said deformable structure is in the first aspect, it is determined whether the electronic device satisfies a predetermined condition; when the electronic when the device satisfies the predetermined conditions, a first control instruction, to control the deformation structure from the first aspect can be deformed to a second aspect, the drive body at least partially deformable, and before receiving the second control instruction, the control deformation structure can remain in the second configuration.