Aims: This study focuses on farmers' knowledge, practices and health problems associated with pesticide use in west Tripoli, Libya.
Study Design: This study concentrated on the farmer being above 18 years, a permanent resident in the study area and the respondent's willingness obliged to the study protocols and complete the study.
Place and Duration of Study: The study is a cross-sectional one among 300 farmers in the West Tripoli district of the Libya which concentrated on the adult population conducted in 2017.
Methodology: The associations between pesticide-handling practices, knowledge and attitude and factors potentially influencing them were explored by means of t-test, ANOVA and descriptive statistics using the statistical software SPSS 20.0. The reliability of the construct was examined using Cronbach's alpha which was not below 0.700 indicating excellent internal consistency.
Results: Farmers re-spray the crops with surplus pesticide mixture. They throw away surplus pesticide mixture on uncultivated land wash and reuse emptied pesticide containers to store water. Knowledge associated with pesticide use and practices associated with it was also not statistically significant related to attitudes towards educational level. Awareness of pesticide use and handling and therefore showed that there was no statistically significant difference between a male and female farmers' awareness of pesticide use and handling. There is no significant relationship between farmer's monthly income and knowledge regarding pesticide use and there was linear relationship practices with respect to pesticides used and symptoms experienced after exposure to pesticides. Level of education affect farmer's knowledge and practices associated with pesticide use and the ANOVA, F = 1.489 and p =.000 (> 0.05) suggests that the test was not statistically significant, on how gender affect the awareness of pesticide use and handling the result showed that there was no statistically significant difference (t (298) = -.460, p = .664 > 0.05) between male and female farmers' awareness of pesticide use and handling. Therefore, male and female gender do not affect the awareness of pesticide use and handling.
Conclusion: The results of farmers practices regarding the use of protective measures and hygiene practices with the potential for exposure to pesticides indicates that farmers use gloves, face mask, respirator and boots. Moreover, the farmers keep their working clothe at home and the spraying methods used are knapsack, hand- held can, and tractor and can be concluded that the danger of exposure increase when farmers disregard safety directives on the correct utilization of pesticides, PPE utilization and using sanitary practices.


The genus Aneriophora Stuardo & Cortés 1952, previously considered endemic to Chile, is recorded for the first time from Argentina.  Specimens of Aneriophora aureorufa (Philippi, 1865) were collected in Neuquén Province and deposited in the entomological collection of the Instituto Argentino de Zonas Áridas, Mendoza, Argentina. A diagnosis, distribution map, and photographs of A. aureorufa are provided.


A high-performing flexible chitosan-based gel electrolyte with poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) additive was prepared and swelled in varying concentrations of potassium hydroxide (KOH) solutions. A highes...


To secure a future with the development of solar and wind energy, weather-safe roads and cities around the world, we must be able to produce metals in a safe, climate-neutral and responsible way. Obviously, we must prolong the lifespan of our materials, increase the efficiency of current processes, reuse and recycle what is already available, but that may not be enough. If we are to reach the global development goals, the world will most likely need new materials, including metals. There are many possible technologies that can help cut greenhouse gas emissions from the metallurgical industry, such as biocarbon and hydrogen as reducing agents but also electrolytic and metallothermic reduction routes and combinations of these solutions. Within each of these different themes, there are many technological possibilities. The current article gives an overview of the different alternatives to carbothermic reduction, i.e., describes the solutions which could potentially remove the need for carbon entirely. The discussion focuses on the possibilities, challenges, and the current technological barriers for these technologies to be applied to ferroalloy production.


Introduction: The quantification of MR relaxation times has always been of interest. Indeed, there have been recent efforts to obtain – within a single scan – multiple relaxation parameters (1, 2). This abstract describes the development of a novel 3D acquisition method for "simultaneous" T1 and T2 quantitation; all the data required for T1 and T2 relaxometry are acquired in a single scan. T1 and T2 values obtained using this new scheme were compared to known values in both phantom and in-vivo. Methods: A 3D FSE stack of spiral sequence was modified to obtain images for both T1 and T2 quantitation. As shown in Figure 1, this new sequence consists of 3 distinct modules: magnetization reset, T1 quantitation, and T2 quantitation. Spiral readouts were kept at the same resolution for both acquisition modules. The imaging parameters were kept constant for both modules: effective spatial resolution=1.8x1.8x4mm, FOV=2224cm, number of locs=24-28, nex = 1. The number of locations was adjusted to get maximum coverage of the brain while keeping the scan times reasonable. The modules were repeated for each z phase encoding and spiral interleaf. The total scan time for this prescription was ~9 min. T1 quantitation module: A 3D saturation recovery LookLocker sequence (3) was implemented for T1 quantitation. A magnetization reset pulse train, similar to CHESS pulse described in (4) was played out to saturate the magnetization. To minimize signal saturation effects, subsequent T1 recovery was then sampled using low flip angle excitation pulses (10). Six equidistant samples were obtained during saturation recovery T2 quantitation module: The T2 quantitation module is played out immediately after the T1 quantitation module. The T2 quantitation module consisted of a 90 tip down pulse followed by a train of equally spaced 180 pulses. The spacing between the 180 pulses was adjusted to sample the T2 decay curve effectively. Six time points were collected during T2 decay. Processing: Using a custom software tool, ROI's were placed on each phantom of interest or, in the case of in vivo experiments, each tissue of interest. A mono-exponential fit of the sampled points was then calculated for each ROI. The custom software was also used to generate T1 and T2 maps for the regions of interest. Phantom experiments: Phantom experiments, using a Eurospin test object (Diagnostic Sonar, Scotland) with known T1s and T2s (The T1 values ranged from 400-1200ms and T2 values from 50-250ms). Figure 2 shows the MR image of the test object with 10 different phantoms. Experiments were done to verify the feasibility of the new sequence and accuracy of calculated T1 and T2 values. The spacing between the echoes for both T1 and T2 quantitation was adjusted independently to sample the longest T1 and T2 available in these phantoms. All scans were done on a 1.5T GE Signa HDx scanner (Waukesha, WI). In-vivo experiments: Following informed consent, volunteer head scans were performed with this sequence on a 1.5T GE Signa HDx scanner (Waukesha, WI). The T1 and T2 values of Gray Matter (GM), White Matter (WM) were measured and compared to values in the literature. ROIs were also placed on different slices to assure that obtained values were consistent across the volume. Results: Phantom: Calculated vs known T1 and T2 values of certain phantoms marked in Fig 2 are given in Table 1. Overall, a difference of ± 10% was noted between the measured and known values of T1 and T2. In vivo: Figure 3 shows the T2 (3a) and T1 (3b) maps for a slice from in-vivo experiments. Figure 3c shows the ROI drawn on GM and WM areas to measure their respective T1 and T2 values. The T1 and T2 values for GM was 902 ms and 101ms respectively. For WM T1 and T2 values were 647 and 78ms respectively. The measured values were off by ~5% from values reported in the literature. Finally, a variation of <1% was seen in the T1 and T2 values of GM and WM across the slices. Discussion and Conclusion: We have successfully developed a 3D scan that enables T1 and T2 quantitation from images acquired during a single scan. In-vivo and phantom experiments demonstrated the accuracy of our proposed approach. Numerous improvements are proposed to increase this sequences scan-time efficiency: make use of spiral-in spiral-out readouts (5), leverage parallel imaging. Future studies will also include other areas of the body (e.g. MSK) where quantitative methods are critical for diagnosis and therapy monitoring. References: (1) Warntjes JB et al. MRM 60(2):320-329, 2008, (2) Warntjes JB et al. MRM 57(3):528-37, 2007, (3) Look DC et al. The review of scientific instruments, 41, 2, 1970, (4) Haase A et al. Phys Med Biol 30(4):341. (5) Glover GH et al. MRM 35(3):299-308. 1996. Known value (1.5T) Measured value T1 T2 T1 T2 Phantom 1 442 154 401 146 Phantom 2 1149 214 1043 201 Phantom 3 959 223 860 214 Phantom 4 199 52 181 48 Magreset module T1 quantitation module T2 quantitation module


The theory of a method is developed by means of which size distributions in heterodisperse systems of colloidal and small microscopic spheres can be determined from spectra of the scattering ratio or depolarization. The method is applicable whenever the distribution is unimodal, positively skewed, and of the type most commonly found in emulsions. It makes use of the Mie‐scattering functions and encompasses α values up to 25.2 (diameters up to 3.3 μ if the vacuum wavelength is 5460.73 A) and the relative refractive indices m=1.05 (0.05) 1.30. The method yields the mean number or weight average diameter, modal diameter, half‐width, and ``half‐spread'' of a distribution and, in addition, the diameter of the smallest particles present in consequential numbers. For those instances where the assumed type of distribution does not apply, an extension of the theory is provided which is based upon a linear combination of two distribution functions of the same type. It allows one, in principle, to consider also nega...


OF real moment to scholars, museum curators, students and collectors of near eastern art, as well as to the layman interested in the subject is A Handbook of Mohammadan Decorative Arts by Dr. Maurice Dimand, associate curator of decorative arts and head of the near eastern collections at the Metropolitan Museum.


Although a polytetrahydrofuran (PTHF) blend with added glycerin as a crosslinking modifier is an effective binder for improving the performance of a propellant, a burning catalyst is required for the combustion of the ammonium nitrate (AN)/PTHF/glycerin propellant. MnO2 and Fe2O3 are useful burning catalysts for AN-based propellants. The thermal decomposition behaviors of the AN/PTHF/glycerin propellant supplemented with MnO2 and Fe2O3 catalysts, and the catalytic effect of these catalysts on the burning characteristics was investigated in this study. The thermal decomposition behaviors of these propellants depended on the kind of catalyst used. The propellants containing MnO2 burned above 4 MPa, while those containing Fe2O3 burned above 0.5 MPa. The burning rate increased in the order, (AN/PTHF/Fe2O3)<(AN/PTHF/MnO2)<(AN/PTHF/MnO2/Fe2O3). The improvement in the ignitability and burning rate was dependent on the kind of catalyst used. The burning characteristics of the AN/PTHF/glycerin propellants were improved by the combined effect of multiple catalysts with differing catalytic mechanisms, as compared to the propellant supplemented with any single catalyst.


The paper attempts to undertake an in-depth analysis of stressors and their management in Life Insurance Corporation, Jammu. The broad objectives of the study are: to estimate stress at different levels of authority, in organization; to study the causes of stress; to study and suggest various mechanisms for regulating stress in the organization for better organizational performance. The study revealed that Stress Management at individual level contributes more towards overall management of stress. Though employees do understand the value of exercise, games, walking in contributing significantly towards managing stress at the individual level, the finding report that exercise is not taken seriously by the respondents. However, it is heartening to note that employees at their individual level have been able to comparatively manage the stress in better manner as compared to the organizational efforts and interventions.


Soil Organic Carbon (SOC) plays a crucial role in agricultural ecosystems. However, its abundance is spatially variable at different scales. In recent years, machine learning (ML) algorithms have become an important tool in the spatial prediction of SOC at regional to continental scales. Particularly in agricultural landscapes, the prediction of SOC is a challenging task.

In this study, our aim is to evaluate the capability of two ML algorithms (Random Forest and Boosted Regression Trees) for topsoil (0 to 30 cm) SOC prediction in soils under agricultural use at national scale for Germany. In order to build the models, 50 environmental covariates representing topography, climate factors, land use as well as soil properties were selected. The SOC data we used was from the German Agricultural Soil inventory (2947 sampling points). A nested 5-fold cross-validation was used for model tuning and evaluation. Hyperparameter tuning for both ML algorithms was done by differential evolution optimization.

This approach allows exploring an extensive set of field data in combination with state of the art pedometric tools. With a strict validation scheme, the geospatial-model performance was assessed. Current results indicate that the spatial SOC variation is to a minor extent predictable with the considered covariate data (<30% explained variance). This may partly be explained by a non-steady state of SOC content in agricultural soils with environmental drivers. We discuss the challenges of geo-spatial modelling and the value of ML algorithms in pedometrics.


Promise modal is a form which illustrates an psychological attitude of speaker for certain situation. A basic form of in Korean is mostly modal expresstion, such as '-마, -ㄹ께, -ㅁ세, -리다, -ㄹ께요, 오리다' For Mongolian, one-to-one correspondence with four basic forms of Korean which are modal ending such as '-마, -ㄹ께, -ㄹ께요' is virtually impossible. However, preceding modifier which indicates a meaning of promise sentence such as '-ja/-je/-jo', '-sugai/-sugei', and '-mz' modal particle which is added to the back of a final ending are verified to be used as one-to-multi correspondence.
Promise modal expression in Korean is able to be divided into two forms. First one is an adverb of manner and second one is a modal expresstion which is composed of a grammatical collocation. However supposition modal expression in Mongolian is able to be divided into two forms. First one is a post modifier that is indicates a meaning of promise in the back of a sentence, and second one is an assistant verb that can be used with parallel auxiliary verbs connective suffix.
This study attempts to compare and analyze the two languages in terms of syntactical and semantic feature in promise modal expression. The purpose of the study is to investigate the commonalities and differences between two languages specifically by reviewing syntactical feature and semantic feature with comparing and analyzing syntactic functional difference.
A study by Munkh-Amgalan Yu.(2014) defined modal expression of promise as preceding modifier and post modifier separately.
Based on the researches which have conducted on promise modal expression, this study reviews what kind of preceding component can be seen with promise modal expression in syntactic perspective. This study also compares and analyzes how promise modal expression is different each other in terms of semantic perspective, apart from common meaning. With this analysis, the study compares and analyzes modal expression in Mongolian in response to promise modal expression in Korean. As a result, the study can draw a conclusion as follows.
Therefore, we can verify that it is not possible for one-to-one correspondence, but possible for one-to-multi correspondence between Mongolian and Korean in the way of realizing promise modal expression.


We have quantitatively examined the development of synapses in the ventral part of the lumbar spinal cord of the chick from embryonic day 4 until adulthood. The first synapses occur on day 4 and are of the axo‐dendritic type; they are invariably located adjacent to the border between the intermediate and marginal zones. Initially there are more synapses in the presumptive white matter than in the motoneuron neuropil, but this trend is later reversed; however, we found numerous axo‐dendritic synapses throughout much of the ventrolateral white matter even in the adult stage. The first axo‐dendritic synapses always contain spherical synaptic vesicles and have symmetric membrane specializations. By day 7 a few of these synapses were found to have mixed populations of spherical and flattened vesicles and asymmetric membrane specializations. After hatching there are still considerably more axo‐dendritic synapses with symmetric membrane specializations.


A dibenzenesodium sandwich and an ether «plug» are the salient features of the structure of the title compound. MNDO calculations also offer an explanation for the observed coordination of the sodium ion: the sum of the charges on the two complexing benzene rings is greater than that of an allyl anion center


Abstract A so far overlooked sound change in the historical phonology of the Guaranian branch of the Tupi-Guarani language family is discussed in the present paper. The sound change in question, which accounts for certain synchronic morphological irregularities, consists of the insertion of the glottal fricative h in word-initial position any time the next (right-adjacent) syllable has a glottal stop ʔ as its onset consonant. Allomorphy resulting from this change is shown to affect verbal, nominal, and postpositional prefixes, as well as monomorphemic lexemes, thus unifying the treatment of synchronic patterns which are often addressed as an exclusive trait of certain verb forms. The paper ends by discussing the issue of internal classification, pointing a few limitations in past attempts to ground the subgrouping of Tupi-Guarani languages on phonological grounds, and highlighting the status of glottal prothesis as the first known phonological isogloss exclusively shared by the Guaranian varieties.


Abstract The objective of this article is to review current evidence suggesting that both short and long sleep duration are linked with lipid risk factors for cardiovascular disease. Findings from several epidemiologic studies from different countries suggest a U-shaped relationship between sleep duration and mortality. The biological mechanisms mediating the association between sleep and biomarkers of cardiovascular-related conditions are under explored, but both long and short sleep duration have been associated with obesity, metabolic syndrome, diabetes mellitus and hypertension, which are common predisposing factors for cardiovascular disease. Evidence suggests that both short and long sleep durations are associated with a high serum triglyceride level or low HDL-cholesterol. The available data are suggestive but limited; therefore, further evidence, using more objective measures of sleep from well-characterized prospective cohorts, is required.


One of the most relevant issues of planning in the most landscape valuable locations, especially along the coastal ones, is to define the assessment support to be performed in order to balance the preservation of the main landscape aspects, and the local economic development. By referring to the case of the water front of Syracuse (Italy), this contribution aims at defining a semiotic pattern of accounting and assessment concerning the main topics of the Sustainable Development Plan currently in force. The assessment process takes into account the connection of the multiple thematic layers grouping the different functional/symbolic land units that are characterised by a semantic link, within an assessment pattern working as a syntactic field, by highlighting the inner interactions between them. In fact, the main concern of the pattern, is to outline the axiological layout of this landscape unit by making the "facts of nature" and the "narrations of culture" worth together.


Galinsoga (Galinsoga quadriradiata) is an erect (upright), herbaceous, short-lived warm-season annual weed in Florida landscapes, container nurseries, and other agricultural production systems. In nurseries and landscapes, galinsoga can be a troublesome weed, but it has been utilized by some cultures for food or medicinal purposes. This new 5-page article is written for green-industry professionals and others to aid in the identification and management of galinsoga in and around ornamental plants. Written by Thomas Smith, Chris Marble, Shawn Steed, and Nathan Boyd, and published by the UF/IFAS Environmental Horticulture Department. https://edis.ifas.ufl.edu/ep593


The modeling of bistatic sonar shallow sea short-range reverberation was studied mainly based on unit scattering theory.The sea and bottom scattering unit was divided according to the scattering coefficient correlation radius.Through simulating the formation physical process of the sea and bottom reverberation,models of single receiver and multiple receivers were established.Sonar equipment parameters and environmental factors were considered in the model.The programs for shallow sea short-range single receiving and multiple receiving reverberation signal model were designed and the GUI interface support was provided.Modeling and simulation of the reverberation signal statistical analysis shows that the establishment of bistatic sonar shallow sea short–range reverberation model is correct.


New solutions of equation utt - Δu + Au/(r2 - t2) = 0, in the series of hypergeometric functions (HGF), are constructed. A sharpened estimate on hypergeometric functions is derived to prove the convergence of the series.


Plants vary greatly in their ability to survive freezing temperatures. At one extreme are plants from tropical regions that have virtually no capacity to survive even the slightest freeze. In contrast, herbaceous plants from temperate regions generally survive freezing temperatures ranging from −5


The present invention relates to a process for the preparation of waste water containing sodium chloride. The method acidification step, the extraction step, and obtaining a saline solution by a specific sequence of alkaline step, and stripping steps. Then, sodium chloride solution chlorine - can be used directly in the alkaline electrolyte.


Maintainability is considered as one of the fundamental quality aspect that promotes efficient software systems development. By using soft computing techniques maintainability can be easily estimated and provide effective result. This paper describes some key factors that influence the maintainability of software as presented by different researchers. In the software maintainability estimation these factors play a fundamental role. Proper study and inclusion of these factors may make the maintainability estimation clearer and easier. The maintainability models may be used to find enhanced quality of the software so that maintenance can be performed effectively and efficiently.


Based on the accounting equation(asset = liability + the proprietor's rights and interests),the paper explores the accounting construction of customer equity,then gives the accounting definition of the customer equity by analyzing its form,essence,trait,accounting objects and accounting attributes.


A vital and necessary component in the content of communicative-reflexive competence of future managers is the reflexive-evaluation component, where the analysis of the own professional activity. Reflective evaluation component is characterized by the steady motivation, self-awareness, selfdevelopment and self-improvement in communicative activities; willingness to take responsibility for work; ability to independently and effectively address the problems in the field of professional activity.


In the past few years, a new trend has been evolving in the sourcing of IT activities: IT multisourcing. By contracting several service providers, outsourcing companies can efficiently select the "best-of-breed" in the market, reducing service provider dependency and with that increasing their flexibility. IT multisourcing offers many potential benefits, including better use of core competencies, less-lock-in and spread of risks. However, multisourcing also brings along several challenges. One of the most important challenges is ensuring that the multisourced services are effectively integrated with each other, as to ensure proper end-service delivery. In this paper, a research has been performed on the service integration requirements for outsourced services in a multisourced environment. It is pointed out that, to ensure service integration, the services' interfaces will have to be standardized on three areas: Enterprise architecture, Multisourcing governance and Service management processes. As a result, a list of 44 service integration requirements has been drawn up, indicating that, despite its potential benefits, IT multisourcing will need a considerable amount of preparation and effort to deliver success.


The external shocks emphasised by the standard Optimum Currency Area approach (i.e. shocks to exports) have surprisingly little influence on employment and unemployment in most member countries of the European Union (EU) whether or not exchange rates are fixed. Short-run exchange-rate variability (but not the level of the exchange rate) seems to have a negative impact on employment. It is often claimed that a high degree of international labour mobility is a condition for a monetary union. However, what matters for the Optimum Currency Area approach is the difference between inter-regional and inter-national labour mobil ity and not the level of the latter. Recent data show that international labour mobility in Europe is of the same order of magnitude as inter-regional labour mobility within member countries and that, the latter seems to be influenced by the housing market. EMU is thus unlikely to significantly worsen the problems that arise through the low mobility of labour in Europe.


Precise knowledge of dielectric properties of materials is required to implement the material in devices and circuits. At microwave frequencies complex permittivity (dielectric constant and loss tangent) are the two mandatory parameters prior to any design. We have identified Lithium Fluoride as a potential candidate, which can be used in conjunction with superconducting and non-superconducting parts of several microwave communication devices. Even though dielectric constant of LiF is known at room temperature
there is no data presented at cryogenic temperatures. In this paper we have reported the dielectric constant and loss tangent of LiF as a function of temperature (19-295K) and at a frequency of 8 GHz.


An asymptomatic 68-year-old man who had been pointed out cholecystolithiasis at the age of 65 was admitted to the hospital for close examination of the gallbladder. Abdominal ultrasonography (US) revealed multiple stones of the gallbladder and a left adrenal tumor lesion, measuring 27mm in diameter. This tumor had no enhanced effect at CT scan. MRI revealed a high signal tumor at both T1 and T2 weight imagings. With the diagnosis of cholelithiasis and the left adrenal tumor, a cholecystectomy and a left adrenalectomy were carried out. The section of the excised tumor was mainly dark reddish in color with a yellowish part within it. Histologically, the tumor was composed of bone marrow elements and mature fat cells other than adrenal components. Pathological diagnosis of the tumor was adrenal myelolipoma. A review of the literature on the adrenal myelolipoma, a rare non-functioning benign tumor, is also presented.


Objective To explore the rehabilitation effects of acupuncture therapy used for spastic hemiplegia induced by stroke. Methods 120 cases of patients with spastic hemiplegia induced by stroke wererandomly divided into observational group and control group. Two groups were given routine rehabilitation therapy; the acupuncture therapy was added to observational group. Results After therapy,the each rehabilitation index in observational group was significantly better than that in control group (all P 0.01). Conclusion On base of routine rehabilitation therapy, according to cause and character of spastic hemiplegia induced by stroke, adding to acupuncture therapy that combined with the parts and the whole, can reach up to better rehabilitation effects, so it deserved in clinical work.


es of the successful implementation ofU.S. lobbied south- and west-bound pipe-line projects in Central Asia. Third, advancement of Western demo-cratic ideals and values is an importantU.S. priority in Central Asia, as, inciden-tally, in other parts of the world. It is anopen secret that the U.S.'s apparentlydemocratic slogans oftentimes serve as acover for rather pragmatic goals, specif-ically, increasing other countries' loyal-ty to U.S. foreign policy that often doesnot conform to the rules of internationallaw and looks openly aggressive. This in-terest is usually secured by financing var-ious nongovernmental organizations andmedia outlets on the part of Americanprivate and state foundations. Consider:On 1 March, 2006, a House subcommit-tee endorsed a Central Asian Democra-cy Act, under which $188 million wasearmarked for support of democracy inall five Central Asian states in 2006 andfollowing years.


Scholarship of Teaching and Learning This tab includes websites from organizations that promote the Scholarship of Teaching and Learning, as well as campuses that offer faculty centers.


A brief overview of the probability-algebraic modeling and of algorithm exception as methods of investigation of complex systems is presented. It contains description of the calculation and inter-pretation of reliability indices for systems with more than two selected incompatible states of compo-nents. The article describes an example of evaluation of the changes in network reliability by using the program of the probability-algebraic simulation PALS.


We present a method to enhance the optical Kerr nonlinearity by introducing a gain-loss balanced feedback control structure. Our gain-loss balanced system consists of two indirectly coupled whispering-gallery-mode resonators in which one is a loss resonator and the other is a gain resonator. We found that the Kerr nonlinearity in the loss resonator can be greatly enhanced in the vicinity of the so-called exceptional point. Our results have various possible applications in on-chip optical devices, such as the construction of on-chip isolators and circulators.


SCIENCE FOR PEACENEW DELHI-- Pakistan has pulled the plug on a high-profile conference next week that would have brought together scientists from India and Pakistan in a session designed to set aside hostilities and forge a research plan for the high Himalayas. ([Read more][1].)

 [1]: http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/full/312/5777/1117a


To understand the importance of authorship and authorship position, and gauge perceptions of inappropriate authorship assignment, among authors publishing paediatric research conducted in low‐ and middle‐income countries (LMICs).


Bimanual co-ordination is a field that has generated much research interest. It is clear that when hands move simultaneously there is a tendency for such movements to be synchronized. This phenomenon has also been observed in individuals with congenital brain damage, such as cerebral palsy. This paper provides an overview of past and current work in the area of bimanual co-ordination looking at the nature of the coupling and the underlying control of such movements. Work on 'non-disabled' individuals and unimanual reaching and grasping is included, but the main emphasis is bimanual co-ordination in children with hemiparetic cerebral palsy. The direction for future research is discussed and consideration given to the therapeutic implications of such work.


Atherosclerosis is associated with increased trans-sialidase activity, which can be detected in atherosclerosis patients' blood plasma. The likely involvement in the disease pathogenesis made this activity an interesting research subject, and the enzyme that may performs such activity had been isolated and characterized in terms of substrate specificity and enzymatic properties. It was found that the enzyme had distinct optimum pH values, and its activity was enhanced by the presence of Ca2+ ions. Most importantly, the enzyme was able to cause atherogenic modification of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) particles in vitro. However, the identity of the discovered enzyme remained to be defined. Currently, sialyltransferases, mainly ST6Gal I, are regarded as major contributors to sialic acid metabolism in human blood. In this mini review, we discuss the possibility that atherosclerosis-associated trans-sialidase does in fact belong to the sialyltransferases family.


Based on 3D finite element technique,static stress and dry-modal of No.1 spillway gate of Shuhe hydropower station are conducted using the software ANSY.The stress distribution regularity and low-order frequencies are obtained.The results of site test and finite element analysis are compared.The application effect of beam and slab model in gate calculation is discussed.The purpose to acknowledge the stress distribution regularity and safety status is achieved through analysis and calculation.


This study aimed at determining the extent (distribution, density and structure) of Acacia mearnsii invasion as well as assessing its influence on the performance of Pinus patula by comparing, stem density, basal area and standing volume between invaded and non- invaded areas in Sao Hill Forest Plantation (SHFP). A systematic random samplings technique was used to select sample plantation blocks and plots allocation. The results showed that there was a significant difference between the mean population density per hectare of A. mearnsii in the margins and inside plantation blocks (F-value = 61.4, df=278, p = 0.0000), with greater mean population density being in the margin than inside the plantation blocks. Also, a significant difference between the size class group (seedlings, saplings, poles and adults) was found in the mean population density of A. mernsii (F-value = 26.28, df = 278, p = 0.0000), with the greater mean population density being in seedlings followed by a sapling, sub-adults, and adults. Moreover, there was a significant difference between invaded and non-invaded areas across different age classes of P. patula in all variables measured with greater density, basal area and volume being in non-invaded than invaded areas. The study found that, an invasive tree A. mearnsii has a negative impact (reduction) on the survival and growth of P. patula in all age classes sampled. This study suggests that forest management strategies should incorporate invasive plant control given that the performance of desirable tree species can be influenced by plant invasions. This may include clearing of the A. mearnsii stands before they mature to flowering and thus, limiting seed production.


Halal logistics is part of halal supply chain and it covers warehousing, transportation and terminal operations. Thus, this study aims to examine the scope of halal logistics and its applicability for Muslim and non-Muslim countries. Apart from that, an established Shari'ah principle, namely the maslahah concept, will be appraised with a special focus on contamination in halal-logistics. The prominent Muslim scholars' views on maslahah and its application in this industry are also analysed. This is a qualitative study using descriptive and explanatory approaches. It employs content analysis to review systematically the facts derived from various literature and documents. This study shows maslahah plays a significant role in the operations of halal-logistics to protect public interest. It suggests that in handling the contamination issue in the halal-logistics system, the maslahah approach is a best practice that should be widely adopted. Moreover, it is believed that the maslahah approach could serve as a benchmark with the existing halal standard and constitute a sufficient measure for implementation of effective halal-logistics.


A demyelinating plaque in the dorsal columns of the cervical spinal cord compromises proprioception and can cause a profound loss of useful function in one, or sometimes both hands, despite preservation of motor pathways and other sensory modalities. This classic, if rare, presentation of multiple sclerosis was first described by Hermann Oppenheim in 1911. Apart from its diagnostic value, it illustrates the importance of sensory pathways and proprioceptive feedback in fine motor control (Pract Neurol doi:10.1136/practneurol-2016-001494).


The performance of the soil water balance module (SWBM) in the models of DSSAT v3.5 was evaluated against soil moisture data measured in bare soil and dry bean plots, in Parana, southern Brazil. Under bare soil, the SWBM showed a low performance to simulate soil moisture profiles due to inadequacies of the method used to calculate unsaturated soil water flux. Improved estimates were achieved by modifying the SWBM with the use of Darcy's equation to simulate soil water flux as a function of soil water potential gradient between consecutive soil layers. When used to simulate water balance for the bean crop, the modified SWBM improved soil moisture estimation but underpredicted crop yield. Root water uptake data indicated that assumptions on the original method limited plant water extraction for the soil in the study area. This was corrected by replacing empirical coefficients with measured values of soil hydraulic conductivity at different depths.


Financing bottleneck in indigenous innovation process of technology growth enterprises is discussed.Firstly,the problem is analyzed by evolutionary game theory.The results show that the tremendous risk in the indigenous innovation process restricts the participant enthusiasm of traditional financial institutions.Furthermore,the stable evolutionary game balance created by the technology growth enterprises and financial institutions is difficult to break.After the theoretic analysis,the corresponding solutions based on three parties of government,financial institutions and technology growth enterprises is presented,which provides a theoretical basis of constructing a well financial ecosystem for indigenous innovation.


The main reason for concentration of ownership structure is to obtain control rights for private interest.Big shareholders are privileged to possess control rights in the corporation,which enable them to possess control rights for private interests.The relationship of commission agent between large shareholders and minor shareholders entitle large shareholders to control rights for private interests.To restrict large shareholder's vote right by improving corporate vote system can reduce private benefit of large shareholder's control rights.


Kinetic isotope effects (KIEs) in the electronic process of the H-atom abstraction from substrate ethane by a compound I model of cytochrome P450 are discussed at the B3LYP level of density functional theory. Our calculations demonstrate that the transition state for the H-atom abstraction involves a linear (Fe)O···H···C array and that a resultant radical species with a spin density of nearly one is bound to an iron−hydroxo complex, followed by recombination and release of product ethanol. Although the reacting system involves this carbon radical species in the course of the hydroxylation, in view of the energy profile of the reaction pathway it cannot be viewed as a stable reaction intermediate with a finite lifetime. The KIEs calculated with transition state theory are significantly dependent on temperature and substituents, falling in a range of 7−13 at 300 K.


ISSN: 0002-2470 (Print) (Online) Journal homepage: https://www.tandfonline.com/loi/uawm16 a critical review of Regulations for the Control Of Odors Gregory Leonardos To cite this article: Gregory Leonardos (1974) a critical review of Regulations for the Control Of Odors, Journal of the Air Pollution Control Association, 24:5, 456-468, DOI: 10.1080/00022470.1974.10469933 To link to this article: https://doi.org/10.1080/00022470.1974.10469933


A total of 83 taxa of Musci are enumerated from the prairies of Alberta, Saskatchewan, and Manitoba. These are composed of 36 soil-dwelling species, 21 that occur on rotting vegetation, 8 aquatics, 6 rupestral, and 3 corticolous. A large number of new provincial records are reported as well as the species Mnium arizonicum, new to Canada. None of the species are endemic to the prairies and most attain greater abundance in neighboring wooded regions. The ecology of the region and early collections are discussed.


The performance improvement of using grain-oriented electrical steels (GOES) in the stator of PM fractional-slot modular machines is analysed in this study. Several models using a finite element tool are examined and it is concluded the techniques used in the actual software are not accurate for simulating anisotropic behaviour. Consequently, a simplified yet accurate modelling technique is proposed to simulate the performance of this type of electrical machines equipped with GOES. The advantages as well as the drawbacks of using GOES on the electromagnetic performance are investigated for different pole/slot combinations. It is concluded that the use of GOES is beneficial from an electromagnetic point of view mainly due to an increase on the radial component of the airgap flux density.


What were the function and location of the prophets in early Christianity? What were the nature and authority of their prophesying? What were the forms and content of their prophecy? In this book, Princeton theologian Thomas Gillespie provides an important contribution to the scholarly investigation of the nature and function of early Christian prophecy.


This study presents a summary of application of non-linear filters in signal processing, based on robust estimation theory. Non-linear filters are used in many applications including speech and image processing, mainly because of their ability to suppress noise and preserve signal features such as edges. This is a property that linear filters do not have. In the past several years, many types of non-linear filters have been propsed. However, each of these filters shows optimal smoothing efficiency only for a specific type of noise or a specific type of image. In order to further apply these filters in speech and image processing properly, it is important to conduct a review and analysis of all these filters and give an objective evaluation of their performance. Based upon the point estimation theory, three classes of estimations can be distinguished, namely L-estimators, which are based on linear combination of order statistics; R-estimators, which are derived from rank tests; and M-estimators - maximum likelyhood estimators. The first part of the work carried out in this study is classification of various approaches of non-linear filters in these three types of estimators according to the behavior of the filter itself. The second part is the computer implementation of all the filters discussed. Finally the summary of experimental results are presented.


In this paper, a new method for content-based video copy detection is presented. This method includes fingerprint extracting and matching phases. In the fingerprint extracting phase, a video is represented by a set of Speeded Up Robust Features (SURF), which outperforms other local features. In the fingerprint matching phase, the Locality Sensitive Hashing (LSH) is applied to efficiently detect video copy. The experimental results show that the proposed method has excellent performance in accuracy and speed.


All children exhibit differences from one another in terms of their physical attributes (e.g., some are shorter, some are stronger) and learning abilities ( e.g. , some learn quickly and able to remember and use what they have learned in new situations; others need repeated practice and have difficulty maintaining and generating new knowledge and skills) . The differences among most children are relatively small, enabling these children to benefit from the general education program. The physical attributes and/or learning abilities of some children , however-those called Exceptional Children-differ from norm( either below or above) to such an extent that they require an individualized program of special education and related services to fully benefit from education. This paper is going to focus on causes and problems of exceptional children and role of teachers


In this paper, we generalize Mauduit and Rivat's theorem on the Rudin-Shapiro sequence. Weakening the hypothesis needed in their theorem, we prove a prime number theorem for a large class of functions defined on the digits. Our result covers the case of generalized Rudin-Shapiro sequences as well as bloc-additive sequences on finite and infinite expansions. We also give a partial answer to a question posed by Kalai.


The objectives of the paper are to provide a picture with the main characteristics and the dynamics of the cereals' market from Romania in the last decades, before and after Romanian EU accession. This image and the personal comments are presented in the direct connection with the actual context of high level of competitiveness at regional level, EU level and international level. Generally, the cereals' market has had a dynamic evolution at international level, also regional level. Romania is part of the Black Sea Region, also EU member, two important cereals players in the world. Romania has the major Eastern port of the EU on the Black Sea coast, Constanta, which is the main door for EU cereal trade to East. This is the reasons why we analyse the evolution of the cereals' market from Romania before and after EU accession and we want to emphasize the transformations of the Romanian market during this period. The applied methodology contains a statistical analysis based on areas, yields and production indicators, also the trade flows. It is analysed long series of data provided by the Romanian National Institute of Statistics, Romanian Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development, also FAO and Eurostat where they were useful. Besides these, we use results of qualitative analysis based on interviews and opinion of experts in the field, information, declarations and comments published in press, by officials from administration or business. The results of the analysis emphasis the present state of the Romanian market, the evolution in the last decades, also the main constraints for a better evolution of the cereals' market in Romania, the improvements and the main challenges for the future.


ABSTRACT One new sand lance, Ammodytoides idai Randall & Earle, n. sp., is described from 10 specimens, 67.2–121.3 mm standard length, collected on sand substratum in the depth range of 8–25 m from the D'Entrecasteaux Islands, Papua New Guinea. It is characterized by 44–46 dorsal rays, 21–22 anal rays, 14–16 pectoral rays, 103–107 pored lateral-line scales, two or three small scales dorsally on the opercle, 5–6 + 21–23 gill rakers, 55–58 vertebrae; a series of black spots distally in the dorsal fin, and a blackish posterior border on the caudal fin (at least on adult males), broadening toward lobe tips. A second similar species, A. praematura Randall & Earle, n. sp., is described from a single 61 mm specimen from the Chagos Archipelago, differing in having 48 dorsal rays, 24 anal rays, black dots in the dorsal and anal fins, no submarginal black spots in the dorsal fin, and a curved blackish bar across each lobe of the caudal fin. A key is provided for the eight known species of Ammodytoides.


The efficiency of the securities market depends on the degree of the completeness of information. The efficiency is affected by the supply as well as the demand of the information. But there are few studies on the risk information demand of investors, and much fewer studies on the equilibrium of the IPO risk information supply and demand. Because of the frequent occurrences of information fraud behavior in the IPO market of China, Chinese investors pay a lot of attention to the risk information disclosure. This paper discussed the development of the Chinese IPO system and the current situation of the risk information disclosure. And then according to the problems, this paper gave a theoretical analysis of the equilibrium and disequilibrium conditions of the risk information supply and demand in the IPO market by examining the dynamic process between information supply and demand. Through the analysis, this paper found that there exist many information supply and demand deficiencies in the Chinese IPO market. The "make-up" phenomenon in IPO information disclosure has been very serious. The investors' demand for valuable risk information disclosure is largely ignored. More attention needs urgently to be paid to the information demands of Chinese IPO investors.


In diabetes mellitus the higher morbidity and mortality from atherosclerosis is related to abnormalities in serum lipids, in particular the persistence of elevated triglyceride-rich lipoproteins (TRL) in the postprandial state. Paraoxonase1 (PON1) located on high-density lipoprotein (HDL) have been reported to possess antioxidant properties and may exhibit antiatherosclerotic capacities as well. In this review we summarize the existing literatures linking PON1 activity and TRL to the atherosclerotic process in diabetes.


Too few papers study the development of wind power generation among countries that start to develop this new energy technology. To enrich the literature, this paper focuses on the innovation and diffusion wind power generation among Taiwanese plants during 2000 to 2009. Empirical results from ordinary least squares models indicate that government supports are important for innovation and diffusion of a country whose new energy technologies are in the initial stage. Region variables have significant but adverse impacts on innovation and diffusion. Lower costs stimulate diffusion. A learning-by-doing effect is evident. Small economies of scale are exhibited. However, a suggested endogenous relation between innovation and diffusion is not shown.


A new non-generated two photon absorption (TPA) spectrum measurement was demonstrated. A white light super continuum beam (WLSC) with spectrum range from 500 nm to 720 nm was used for the measurement. With 800 nm fundamental beam, a wide TPA spectrum of Rhodamine 6G was acquired in a single-step procedure.


A case is reported of a 66‐year‐old female with an extraskeletal myxoid chondrosarcoma which had originated in the lateral region of the right knee. The tumour tissue of the primary, recurrent, and metastatic deposits in the lungs was examined by electron microscopy and immunohistochemistry. Almost all the sarcoma cells in every tumour specimen harboured immunoreactivity to both a‐ and β‐subunits of S‐100 protein. A large population of cells in the subcutaneous tumour at autopsy had numerous parallel arrays of microtubules within the rough endoplasmic reticulum in addition to the well‐described ultrastructural features indicative of chondroblastic origin. These structures were present in round to polygonal, but not in fibroblastic, tumour cells. Tubulin immunoreactivity in the tumour cells showed the same tendency, being frequently positive in the large cells of the subcutaneous tumour but weakly positive in the fibroblastic and medium‐sized cells of the recurrent and metastatic tumours. The parallel arrays of intracisternal microtubules therefore may be composed of tubulin protein, as in ordinary cytoplasmic microtubules.


In many countries, cash is fast disappearing. Credit cards, online banking apps, and digital services such as ApplePay, PayPal, or Venmo are now used by a large part of the population as their main means of payment. The common narrative of digital payments presents them as the solution to a number of problems, from tax evasion to financial exclusion. Yet, this paper demonstrates that the disappearance of cash gives rise to a situation of forced economic exclusion to a portion of society which uses cash as its only means of payment. The groups include, unbanked individuals, persons with mental health and physical disabilities, or people with poor digital literacy. Most of the population at risk of exclusion live in conditions of poverty and social marginalization. For them, not being able to pay with banknotes means total social and economic exclusion. I define this phenomenon as "monetary exclusion."

The goal of this Article is to analyze what monetary exclusion means from a regulatory perspective, what its origins are, and how to overcome it. In doing so, I discuss the evolution of retail payments design in the U.S. and UK, from the "old" banknote system to the new cashless payments, and the role played by Central Banks, commercial banks, and payment service providers. This Article argues that monetary exclusion in a cashless economy is due to a flawed regulatory design in which private operators are de facto put in control of a fundamental social good. In the past, the State, through the issuance of banknotes, played a fundamental role in safeguarding monetary inclusion for its citizens. The nature of cash indeed guarantees universal access to a basic means of payment for everyone. However, the disappearance of cash and the rising importance of bank deposits as the main source of money has progressively transferred control over the access to the payment system to private banks. The rise of digital payment start-ups over the last decade is dangerously shifting the control of monetary access even further away from the public sphere.

This Article will demonstrate that digital payments present fundamental accessibility problems, which inevitably lead to the marginalization of the poor and minority groups. To overcome the limits of cashless payments, it is necessary to redesign a cashless payment system in which universal access is mandatory.


Such factors as extraction solvent pH value, the ratio of material to extraction solvent,microwave radiation power and time are studied in the extraction of lecithin from Quail's egg yolk with microwave. Using Quail's egg yolk as material and 95% absolute ethyl alcohol as extraction solvent, the orthogonal experiment was made on the basis of signal factor experiments to optimize the lecithin extraction technology from Quail's egg yolk with microwave. The result showed that the optimum technology was: extraction solvent pH value 8.5, the ratio of material to extraction solvent 1:4, radiating 40s at 650W.


Abstract A 12‐year‐old castrated male Shih‐Tzu dog was referred for uncontrolled glaucoma and uveitis with highly pigmented sclera, in both eyes (OU). On ophthalmic examination, the menace response, dazzle reflex and pupillary light reflex were negative OU. The intraocular pressure was 27 mmHg in the right eye (OD) and 70 mmHg in the left eye (OS) despite the administration of antiglaucoma eyedrops. Ultrasound biomicroscopy revealed a closed ciliary cleft OU. Ocular ultrasonography revealed hyperechoic materials in the vitreous OU and retinal detachment OS. When presented for recheck, an extensive malacic corneal ulcer was observed OS. To relieve pain in the blind eyes, enucleation OS and pharmacologic ciliary body ablation (CBA) OD were performed. Histologically, ocular melanosis, which is an inherited disease in the Cairn Terrier breed, was identified in the enucleated eye. The uvea was heavily pigmented. The iris and ciliary body were mildly distorted by a single population of large, round, nonneoplastic cells with pigmented cytoplasm. There was no evidence of an intraocular mass or metastasis before and after intravitreal CBA. This is the first report of bilateral ocular melanosis in a Shih‐Tzu dog. Ocular melanosis is a possible differential diagnosis for globe presenting scleral pigmentation with glaucoma in even non‐Cairn Terrier breeds and pharmacologic CBA could be considered as a treatment for ocular melanosis with end‐stage glaucoma.


Are citizens more satisfied with e-government ranked higher in league tables? In this article, we empirically examine the relationship between objective e-government performance on the supply side and the perceptions of citizens on the demand side. A multilevel analysis of over 28,000 respondents across 32 European countries reveals that highly ranked e-government is warmly welcomed by citizens, suggesting that the supply and demand sides of e-government are, in part, consistent. Specifically, the e-government performance–satisfaction correlations in e-service and e-participation are more prominent than that of e-information. The results also show that citizens' perceived e-government benefits are mainly from using online services. While e-government rankings are reasonably predictive of citizen satisfaction, they should be referred to with caveats in e-government policies. Points for practitioners The empirical findings reveal that objective e-government performance is partially congruent with citizens' satisfaction and perceived benefits. While e-government rankings may not be good predictors of citizen use, they do coincide, in part, with citizen satisfaction. Ubiquitous e-government benchmarks can be referred to as reliable gauges of citizen satisfaction, though their susceptibility varies across the purposes of e-government use. The various benefits that citizens perceived from e-government are primarily derived through online services instead of electronic information or participation, and the government should pay more attention to e-service development in order to bring more benefits to its users.


100 chickens were divided into four groups at random and fed with house fly larve hemolymph in different dose. All checkens of each group were weighed at 21,35 and 50 days of age respectively. Chicken' blood was handed out from the neck vein and dissected. Erythrocyte rosettes test, DN-HI test and the comparation of the weights of the body, spleen and bursa were conducted to evaluate the effect of the fly larve on cell immunity, humour immunity and immune organ. The results indicated that there were no significant differences among the chickens of different days for the effects of the hemolymph on the weight of dody, spleen, bursa. But the difference was significant in erythrocyte rosettes rate at the 21 and 35 days of age, and was not significant in ND-HI test. There were very significant differences among the chickens of 50 days in age. The results showed that house fly larve hemolymph can significantly strengthen chicken's cell immunity and humour imunity.


Aiming at the networked control systems(NCSs) with network-induced delay,data packet drop-out and nonlinear perturbation,a new general model of NCSs is developed taking account of such disturbance as quantized error and nonlinear perturbation.Based on principle of Lyapunov stability and method of linear matrix inequality,the sufficient condition is given to make the NCSs asymptotically stable with the design method of a quantized feedback controller proposed.Maximum allowable delay bounds of NCSs with nonlinear perturbation is obtained by solving a convex optimization problem.A numerical example is given to illustrate the effectiveness of the new method proposed.


1. Introduction: Situating Visual Research Section 1: Visual Fieldwork Methods 2. Video and Ethnographic Knowledge: Skilled Vision in the Practice of Breeding 3. Photography in the Field: Word and Image in Ethnographic Research 4. Picture Perfect: Community and Commemoration in Photographs 5. New Graphics for Old Stories Representation of Local Memories Through Drawings 6. Imagework in Ethnographic Research Section 2: Representing Visual Knowledge 7. Putting Film to Work: Observational Cinema as Practical Ethnography 8. Revealing the Hidden: Making Anthropological Documentaries 9. Drawing the Lines: The Limitations of Intercultural Ekphrasis 10. In the Net: Ethnographic Photography 11. Conversing with Anthropology: Words, Images and Hypermedia Text 12. The Representation of Cultures in Digital Media Epilogue 13. Working Images


In this paper, we present a periodic averaging (PA) method for impulsive stochastic age‐structured population model (ISASPM) in a polluted environment. By using Young's inequality and Gronwall's lemma and under the stochastic Lipschitz condition, we reveal that both the standard ISASPM and the averaged ISASPM have a unique solution. We also study the mean‐square convergence criteria of the numerical solutions produced by the PA method. Finally, asimulation example is given to demonstrate that the PA method is efficient for our results.


Inspired by Laudato Si', we outline an application of the Ignatian Pedagogy for Sustainability for our course, Sustainable Practice: The Examined Life. We describe the development of the course in the context of a new undergraduate program in the College of Arts and Sciences at Creighton University. In the course, we draw from the notion of ascetical practice, an approach for students as they strive for incorporating more sustainable practices into their daily living. We concentrate on four domains of asceticism: attention, sustenance, materials, and energy. Additionally, we argue that mindfulness through meditation is a necessary activity for students pursuing sustainable practices and an examined life.


Abstract Implantomics is the science of the implantome. The implantome is a blend of the two terms implant and proteome. The proteome is defined as the protein complement of the genome. The term proteome also implies the mass screening of proteins for the determination of all proteins - and indirectly of all genes - involved in a certain tissue or organ response. In this sense the term proteome is employed here in a new way to specify the totality of proteins associated with a foreign body inserted into the human body. It will be addressed, why the determination of the implanttome is important and which role the implantome may play in the bone-implant interface.


This study investigated 64 UPM student teachers' academic performance and their perception of their ability to teach commerce and entrepreneurship topics in the living skills syllabus. The findings show that (1) there is a significant difference between academic programmes and academic performance of the respondents, (2) entry qualifications influence academic performance of the respondents, and (3) high academic performance results in high ability to teach accounting components. This study suggests that proper selection of vocational teacher trainees should be made to ensure better living skills teachers. Selection should be based on experience in teaching living skills and satisfactory academic achievement. To produce professional teachers, teachers' subject matter knowledge should be increased by enrolling in several related courses.


B-type vanadium dioxide (defined as VO2(B)) nanobelts were synthesized through using commercial ammonium metavanadate, oxalic acid via one-step hydrothermal technique. The structure of VO2(B) was characterized using different instruments. N2 adsorption-desorption isotherms revealed that the VO2(B) nanobelts were porous structures where BET surface area was 10.4 m2·g−1, the pore volume was 0.0687 cm3/g, and the average pore size was 42.7 nm. Furthermore, the VO2(B) nanobelts as supercapacitors electrode exhibited a large voltage window (−0.8~1.0 V). The measured capacitance was based on the pseudocapacitance. When the discharge current density is 0.5, 1, and 10 A·g−1, the VO2(B) shows the specific capacitance of 287, 246, and 222 F·g−1, respectively.


Scapania undulata was recorded on the bank of the Hegebeek in the southeasternmost part of Twente, near the German border. It was first collected there in 1977. Curiously enough, this hepatic was discovered in the Netherlands only as late as 1956, although it is not likely to be a recent immigrant. Sofar records had only been published referring to rivulets on the Veluwe (prov. of Gelderland) and near Hilvarenbeek (S. of Tilburg, prov. of Noord-Brabant). It thrives on woody or stony substrata about the spring water level. Along the Hegebeek, it was found exclusively on Alnus glutinosa-roots uncovered by the stream.


Abstract In this paper, the relation between the notion of a discrete functor (see [4]) and the notion of a fine functor (see [1]) is examined. As a generalization of the notion of a F-fine object (see [1]), discrete functors T: A → X are used to define K-fine objects, where K is a class of A-objects. It is shown that if T is in addition semi-topological, then (as for F-fine objects in a topological category, see [1]) the class of K-fine objects determines a bicoreflective subcategory of A. Moreover, it is shown that in co-complete, co-(well-powered) categories, the existence of bicoreflective subcategories is equivalent to the existence of functors that are both discrete and semi-topological.


In this paper, we characterize the maximum convex sets of any connected graph having extreme vertices and give its forcing convexity number. Also, we characterize the forcing subsets in the corona of two connected graphs and then determine the corresponding forcing convexity numbers of these graph. Mathematics Subject Classification: 05C99


At this time the freedom to express opinions in oral and written forms about everything is very easy. This activity can be used to make decisions by some business people. Especially by service providers, such as hotels. This will be very useful in the development of the hotel business itself. But the review data must be processed using the right algorithm. So this study was conducted to find out which algorithms are more feasible to use to get the highest accuracy. The methods used are Naïve Bayes (NB), Support Vector Machine (SVM), and k-Nearest Neighbor (k-NN). From the process that has been done, the results of Naïve Bayes accuracy are 71.50% with the AUC value is 0.500, Support Vector Machine is 72.50% with the AUC value is 0.936 and the accuracy results if using the k-Nearest Neighbor algorithm is 75.00% with the AUC value is 0.500. The use of the k-Nearest Neighbor algorithm can help in making more appropriate decisions for hotel reviews at this time.


As an important spaceborne electronic device, the static random access memory (SRAM) device is inevitably affected by the radiation of high-energy particles in space during its space mission. To reveal the single event effect (SEE) mechanism of 28 nm technology SRAM caused by high-energy particles, the sensitive area positioning of single event upsets (SEUs) and the distribution characteristics of multi-cell upsets (MCUs) were studied based on the pinhole heavy ion micro-beam facility. The results show that the actual range of SEUs caused by micro-beam irradiation is 4.8 μm × 7.8 μm. By moving the device platform in small steps (1 μm each step), a one-dimensional positioning method for locating the sensitive area of SEUs was established, which can reduce the dependence of localization accuracy on beam spot size, and the positioning accuracy can be improved to 1 μm. The MCU test indicates that the upset pattern is closely related to the spacing of sensitive areas within adjacent SRAM cells, and the probability of MCUs is reduced by well contacts and bit interleaving.


Energy is one of the important aspects of our lives. In many daily activities, we consume a lot of energy, such as powering our houses, heating and cooling the buildings, cooking, preserving foods, transportation, and so forth. Because most of the energy we use today still comes from fossil fuels, a huge amount of emissions are being released into the environment which can eventually cause global warming, acid rain, and climate change. In this regard, switching from fossil fuels to renewable and sustainable energies should be one of our priorities. Today, sustainable and renewable energies are proving themselves as viable solutions for addressing problems of excessive GHG emissions and increasing energy demand. Although renewable energy systems are not currently cost-competitive in many jurisdictions, they are crucial for sustainable development plans for the future. Since sustainable energy systems deal with a lot of interactions with the thermodynamics, environment, and economy, their design, analysis, and optimization should be taken into account. With an increase in the use of artificial intelligence in our daily lives, their applications in sustainable energy systems are of great importance. In this regard, there has been a need to establish an informative platform to exchange ideas, share information, and initiate collaboration among various researchers, engineers, and industry sectors to provide their research results and thoughts about the application of artificial intelligence in sustainable energy systems. This special issue titled "Artificial Intelligence in Sustainable Energy Systems and Applications" covers these promising and dynamic areas of research and development and will allow us to get more ideas on the role of artificial intelligence in sustainable energy systems. In this special issue, papers were received from all relevant disciplines and their focus areas, ranging from current problems, projections, and new concepts to simulations and related practical applications. The selected papers related to solar energy, hydrogen technologies, fuel cells, material selection for sustainable energy systems, optimization, and implementation studies were considered for this special issue. After a rigorous reviewing process and making the required modifications, the revised manuscripts were asked to be submitted to this special issue in the International Journal of Energy Research. In closing, we would like to express our gratitude to the Wiley publishing staff, who have helped during the preparation and processing of the papers. We would also like to register our sincere appreciation to Prof. Ibrahim Dincer for his valuable help and coordination during all the steps of preparation and finalizing this special issue. We hope that this special issue will increase the knowledge of sustainable energy systems and technologies.


The quadrupole moments of the 311 keV (3/2/sup -/) and 415 keV (5/2/sup - /) states of /sup 109/Ag have been measured by the method of comparison of Coulomb excitation probabilities with two bombarding ions. The quadrupole moments of both states are negative, and at least that of the 311 keV state is large. (auth)


Cancer is one of the most deadly diseases around the world. Oncolytic virus (OV) therapy is an anti-cancer approach based on using viruses to selectively target and kill cancerous cells and also their ability to stimulate antitumor immune responses. Vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) has been investigated as a great platform for an oncolytic agent. Many modifications have been made to VSV to improve its oncolytic effects. One of such modifications by our lab is inserting Smac gene in the genome of VSV to generate armed VSV-S and VSV-Δ55S. The hypothesis is based on the fact that VSV infection triggers apoptosis through the intrinsic mitochondrial pathway, so overexpression of Smac via infection by armed VSV will reinforce apoptosis and increase the rate of cell killing. We conducted several experiments to examine effects of the inserted gene in viral replication and the enhancement in killing cancer cells compared to wild type VSV. INDEX WORDS: Oncolytic virotherapy, Vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV), Modification of VSV, Smac gene, Apoptosis, Autophagy IMPROVEMENT OF VESICULAR STOMATITIS VIRUS IN ORDER TO ENHANCE ITS ONCOLYTIC EFFECTS


We report here the fluorescence excitations spectrum of the Si–Ar van der Waals complex in the region of the (3p4s)3 P–(3p 2)3 P atomic transition. Long progressions are observed, which have been assigned to a Π–Σ transition. The potential curves derived from the analysis of these progressions are discussed in terms of effects of spin–orbit coupling on van der Waals interactions.


There is an increasing interest by Departments of Transportation in the development and implementation of durable structural systems for accelerated bridge construction. The main objective is to minimize construction costs, and the impact of the economic and social costs associated with rehabilitation or replacement of a significant portion of the US bridge inventory. This paper reports on the development of an innovative glass fiber reinforced polymer (GFRP) reinforcement for the rapid construction of concrete bridge deck and parapet systems. The deck reinforcement comprises prefabricated modular stay-in-place (SIP) panels (gridforms), consisting of two-layer, three-dimensional grating made of off-the-shelf pultruded shapes, with an epoxy-bonded bottom formwork plate. Pre-assembled GFRP rebar cages are utilized as reinforcement for the open-post concrete parapet. Detailing and construction procedures have been addressed to improve safety and constructibility. Laboratory testing demonstrated the structural adequacy of gridform reinforced slabs under design service loads, and of a first post/deck connection configuration. The system will be implemented in the construction of the new Bridge 14802301 in Greene County, MO, scheduled for completion in November 2005.


Author makes the attempt to research the expression of particulations lexical semantic some names of water objects in poetic language of Pushkin and Tyutchev, and to establish outlines the resemblances or differences in creation of both poets.


A plethora of research investigated the roles of humor in the workplace and it was found that humor is commonly used as a discourse strategy to perform various functions. According to Politeness Theory proposed by Brown and Levinson, humor can be viewed as both a positive and negative politeness strategy. This paper provides insights into the roles of humor through analyzing authentic data from a television company in Hong Kong. It investigates the ways humor promotes collegiality and "does power". Furthermore, instances of failed humor and their implications will also be explored.


Automatic detection, extraction and recognition of vehicle number plate region in traffic control systems is one of the prominent application in Computer vision. The drastic increase in number of vehicles in the current generation greatly increases the complexity in tracking the vehicles through the human visual system, manual procedure of controlling traffic and enforcement of various laws and rules is not sufficient for smooth control of traffic. This urges the need for development of technology that can automate this process. This paper mainly focuses on the development of an automatic number plate extraction and recognition algorithm by incorporating constructs like edge detection, horizontal and vertical edge processing using fixed threshold technique. The extracted number plate region is again processed using template matching algorithm for the recognition of the characters embossed on the number plate with respect to every individual piece of number plate. The algorithm developed has achieved an accuracy of around 100% and works for both front and rear images of the car.


The Makah Formation of the Twin River Group crops out in a northwest-trending linear belt in the northwesternmost part of the Olympic Peninsula, Wash. This marine sequence consists of 2,800 meters of predominantly thin-bedded siltstone and sandstone that encloses six distinctive members. The named members include four packets of thick-bedded amalgamated turbidite sandstone, an olistostromal shallow-water marine sandstone and conglomerate member, and a thinbedded water-laid tuff member. A local unconformity of submarine origin occurs within the lower part of the Makah Formation except in the central part of the study area, where it forms the contact between the older Hoko River Formation and the Makah. Foraminiferal faunas indicate that the Makah Formation ranges in age from late Eocene (late Narizian Stage) to late Oligocene (Zemorrian Stage) and was deposited in a predominantly lower to middle bathyal environment. The Makah strata are part of a deep marginal basin facies that crops out in the western part of the Olympic Peninsula, in southwesternmost


The Late Cambrian Al Bashair Formation of Haima Supergroup is distributed over north-central Oman subsurface. The extension of this formation is exposed at surface in a relatively small area named Qarn Mahatta Humaid, in the north of Huqf region. This formation was previously considered a seal for the underlying reservoirs of Haima Supergroup. However, recent explorations show successful and commercial production from the sandstone intervals of this formation in blocks 3 and 4 of Oman. This project aims to investigate reservoir potentiality and quality distribution of the Lower Al Bashair in the blocks 3 and 4. This study is based on (i) a detail description of two conventional cores for lithofacies determination and depositional environment interpretation, (ii) textural and compositional analysis on thirty-three thin-sections collected from various lithofacies for diagenetic alterations distribution and their subsequent impact on reservoir quality evolution, (iii) the analysis of thirteen wells using Petrel and Techlog Schlumnerger's software were used to identify lithology, detailed petrophysical interpretation, clarify the lateral and vertical continuity via correlation and calculation of thickness map of reservoir units. It has been found that this formation is comprised of packages of very fine sandstone, coarse siltstone interbedding with claystone and infrequently oolitic grainstone. The presence of hummocky cross stratification and wave ripples indicate that Al Bashair was deposited in storm dominated shallow marine system. Preliminary investigation of thin sections under optical microscope has shown that mechanical and chemical compaction together with various types of cementation played major roles in porosity deterioration. Carbonate cement e.g. dolomite cement and anhydrate cement are significantly resulted in porosity reduction. The porosity enhancement is attributed mainly to partial dissolution of dolomite cement and thus intergranular development of secondary porosity. Correlation of well log data revealed that the reservoir units of formation are laterally continuous over the three studied fields. Petrophysical analysis of those reservoir units demonstrated that the average calculated porosity is between 7 and 10%, permeability 20 mD and oil saturation between 40 and 70%. The integration of well logs and core data increased our understanding of Al Bashair depositional environment and diagenesis, reservoir quality, distribution and continuity.


The author analyzes the development of legislation aimed to combat raiding, in particular, that establishes crimi-nal liability for crimes covered by the concept of "raiding", namely: Art. 205-1, 206, 206-2 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine. Investigated normative use of the term "raiding" in the legislation of Ukraine. Analyzed signs of crimes, which consist in illegal seizure of business entities. The history of the phenomenon of raiding in Ukraine is stud-ied and the stages of its spread are singled out. The comparison of the Criminal Code of Ukraine of 1960 and the Criminal Code of Ukraine of 2001 in the context of "anti-raider" articles is made. Each legislative change of Art. 205-1, 206, 206-2 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine. Additionally, the innovations of the laws aimed at counteracting raiding were analyzed, namely such laws as: "On Amendments to the Law of Ukraine "On State Registration of Legal Entities and Individual Entrepreneurs" to prevent amendments to the Unified State Register of Legal Entities and Individual Entrepreneurs according to forged documents" № 815-VIII of 24.11.2015, "On Amendments to the Law of Ukraine "On State Registration of Legal Entities and Individual Entrepreneurs" and some other legislative acts of Ukraine on decentralization of powers for state registration of legal entities, individuals - entrepreneurs and public formations" № 835-VIII from 26.11.2015, "On limited and additional liability companies" from 06.02.2018 № 2275-VIII, "On amendments to some legislative acts of Ukraine to combat raiding" from 05.12.2019 № 340-IX.


This paper introduced the application of PH2083 which use to drive the step- motor. It provide the interface circuit diagram of ph2083 and 89c51 and give the program.


Workers Participation is returning topical in Italy. The reason is linked to the growing weakness of woking class in decision making at plant level. This article analyzes the failures of contractual experiences of the past, and what may some tools to revive the italian way to industrial democracy.


The reduced transition probability B(E2)↑ of the first excited 2 + state in the nucleus 104 Sn was measured via Coulomb excitation in inverse kinematics at intermediate energies. A value of 0.173(28) e 2 b 2 was extracted from the absolute cross section on a Pb target. Feeding contributions in 104 Sn from higher lying states were estimated by a reference measurement of the stable 112 Sn. Corresponding only to a moderate decrease of excitation strength relative to the almost constant values observed in the proton-rich, even-A 106−114 Sn isotopes, present state-of-the-art shell-model predictions, which include proton and neutron excitations across the N = Z = 50 shell closures as well as standard polarization charges, underestimate the experimental findings.


This paper describes design issues related to high linearity SiGe BiCMOS active mixers, which are primarily targeted for WCDMA base-station applications. The effect of different mixer components to overall mixer dynamic range is described, and the measurement results from four different implementations are given to support this discussion. The different mixers are implemented using the same process as part of a complete receiver and thus the interface to baseband filter has been taken into account in the performance analysis. Since one of the goals in the mixer design has been to maximize the mixer bandwidth, the frequency limitations of different alternatives are discussed throughout the paper.


The aim of this work is to investigate the possibility of the introduction of content management system for the purpose of operating the Regional Information Centre Fire and Rescue Service of the Zlin Region. The selection of CMS is made under certain criteria and also a survey at other regional operation centres is carried out in order to find out whether they use or do not use a similar system . In the practical part the chosen content management system is installed and its ability to work and manipulate information is tested. In conclusion an assessment and opinion on its future use are expressed.


The ever-growing presence of technology is changing not only the way we communicate, work, and entertain ourselves but also the attention span given to individual tasks. Due to the rapid integration of technology, even those who grew up without a cell phone now find themselves "multi-screening". This is particularly concerning for the digital-native students who are now in college and have different needs in the classroom than previous generations. Known as, Generation Z or Gen-Z, students born between 1996 and 2010 are the majority of engineering students today. As they disrupt traditional college lecturing practices, educators are researching new pedagogies to best fit these students. One of these methods is "flipped" classrooms. This instructional method moves learning to video lectures for at-home, self-paced learning, whereas class time is reserved for activities or practice of the material. The content of a software-based undergraduate simulation course was converted to a flipped classroom environment for half of the course material. The main objective of this research pilot project is to investigate the impact of video length and video activities on the retention and understanding of Gen-Z engineering students for a software-based simulation course. Results show that students are more likely to watch medium-length videos than short-length videos, but those who do watch short-length videos have better learning outcomes.


A crystal of 2-chlorophenol was grown from the liquid at ambient pressure by laser-assisted zone refinement; 4-fluorophenol was crystallized from ethanol. Different polymorphs were obtained at high pressure by compression of the liquids in a Merrill-Bassett diamond-anvil cell (crystallization pressures 0.12 and 0.28 GPa, respectively). The structures of all phases are characterized by OH---OH hydrogen-bond formation. In the ambient-pressure polymorph of 2-chlorophenol, a hydrogen-bonded chain is formed about a 32 screw-axis; the ambient-pressure phase of 4-fluorophenol contains hexameric rings located on 3 sites. In crystallizing in high-symmetry space groups, these two compounds conform to typical behavior for bulky monoalcohols. By contrast, at high-pressure both compounds form zigzag chains disposed about 21 screw-axes, behavior more characteristic of small monoalcohols. The halophenol moiety thus behaves as a bulky group at ambient pressure but a small group at high pressure. We show that Crystal Structure Prediction methodologies reproduce all four phases, even though the potentials used were developed using ambient-pressure data. This is especially encouraging as the ambient-pressure phase of 2-chlorophenol contains three molecules in the asymmetric unit, while the high-pressure phase of 4-fluorophenol is disordered.


Experiments are described of ion acceleration in diode with insulated anode mounted on two E-beam generators that deliver 2kJ and 1 kJ of energy in 1 MeV; 50 ns and 0.35 MeV, 80 ns pulses accoraingly. The maximum yield of protons 1014±3.1013 with energy in (1.9 + 2.7) MeV range were measured with accompanying electron beam current 18 kA and electron energy 0.8 MeV on 2 kJ maching. The suppression of charging prepulse by inserting a dielectric piece in cathode terminal on it resulted in increased ion energy up to 5 MeV and total yield of protons with energy in the (2.7 + 5) MeV region up to 1013±3.12 By application of several (from 1 to 3) post anode electrodes on 1 kJ machine the. energy of ions were increased up to 4.2 MeV, which corresponds to (Ei/Ee)max = 14.Reproducibility and effectiveness of acceleration processes were investigated.


Background: To date there are yet no available approved therapies for Geographic Atrophy (GA) secondary to age-related macular degeneration (AMD). Methods: Single site, non-randomized safety and efficacy study presenting the preliminary results in a cohort of five late stage AMD (GA) patients successfully implanted with the Argus II Retinal Prosthesis System (Second Sight Medical Products Inc., Sylmar, CA, USA). Extensive fundus imaging including retinal photographs from which the GA area was measured. A combination of custom and traditional tests designed for very low vision subjects assessed visual function in study subjects. A Functional Low-Vision Observer Rated Assessment was carried out to evaluate the impact of the system on the subject's daily life. In addition, a study to evaluate structural characteristics of the visual cortex of the brain was performed in one subject using magnetic resonance imaging. Results: Seven device-related adverse events were reported, four of which were classed as serious adverse events. Retinal detachment was reported in three patients and was successfully treated within 12 months of onset. Testing showed an improvement in visual function in three of five patients with the system turned on. Magnetic resonance imaging assessed in one patient after implantation indicates a selective increase in cortical myelin and thickness in visual brain regions 1 year post implantation. Conclusions: Epiretinal prostheses can successfully be implanted in those affected by GA secondary to late-stage AMD and can elicit visual percepts by electrical stimulation of residual neuroretinal elements and improve basic visual function in those affected.


It is most important to bear in mind the fact that benign essential hypertension is a condition compatible with many years of useful life. If a moderate rise in blood pressure is accidentally discovered at the age of 35, for instance, it is quite possible that the patient may be over 60 before he begins to develop symptoms of cardiac strain, and the greatest disservice will have been done to him if, because of a foolish doctor, he spends those 25 or 30 years in a state of anxiety about his health. Burgess (1948) has shown that even severe degrees of hypertension-for example, a diastolic pressure of 120-especially in women, may be compatible with a normal life span. Patients have been known to live for more than 15 years after a blood pressure of this severity has been discovered. Nevertheless, the prognosis depends to a considerable extent upon the height of the diastolic pressure. Although statistically the chances of living to a good old age are reduced if the diastolic pressure in middle life is 100 or more, the hypertensive patient is not usually in any danger until his diastolic pressure reaches 120 or over. Even then the greatest care must be taken to ensure that the patient is not nervous or excited at the time of the examination, and is not showing tachycardia. In many persons who show an initial diastolic blood-pressure reading of 120 the resting level is far less and the prognosis relatively good. The age and sex of the patient will, of course, be considered, for every observer has noted that women withstand all types of hypertension better than men. Further assessment of the severity of the case is made by a consideration of the heart, the brain, the retina, and the kidney. This is done partly by an inquiry into symptoms and partly by examination of the patient. Examination of the cardiovascular system may reveal pulsus alternans or gallop rhythm, and there may be a history of anginal pain or dyspnoea on exertion. Minor cerebral disturbances such as transient aphasia, paraesthesia, or monoplegia may precede a stroke. It is not necessary to make accurate tests of renal function if the case is clearly one of benign hypertension and there is no albuminuria. Because of the likelihood of a renal cause of hypertension in younger subjects, the discovery of a severe hypertension in a person under 45 should lead to a more thorough investigation, preferably in hospital.


The article considers psychologically meaningful components of crime detection officers' work, moral and intelligence attributes necessary for the officers, methods and means of acquiring these attributes and their development. The author outlines approaches to the problem as applied to certain groups of Criminal Police officers and their operational staff.


One method presently used to repair broken jaws consists of the use of an adapted metal clamp. This clamp must be big enough to replace the bone structure in the transmission of stresses, but as small as possible to minimize the perturbations caused to the patient by its implantation. Therefore, it is necessary to know, with precision, the behavior of the jaw when submitted to a force, to characterize the lines of force and to study their dynamic behavior. It is then possible to determine the resistance of the bone through holography.


In studies of Si MOSFET's about 100 nm wide we discovered a magnetic-field induced transition to a different state of the electron gas, with conductance G about 10 times higher than that in zero field. Above the threshold field G rises in a series of steps as a function of gate voltage. Each of the risers moves to higher gate voltage approximately linearly in magnetic field, suggesting that they occur at fixed filling factor, the ratio of carrier density to flux quantum density. Each plateau disappears at a different temperature revealing a family of phase transitions, one for each plateau. There is no model that predicts in detail the phenomena we have observed. However, it has been suggested that confinement of the two-dimensional electron gas in one additional dimension might lead to a charge or spin density wave instability when the width is comparable to but somewhat larger than the magnetic length, the radius of the Landau orbit. Such instabilities would lead to dissipationless current flow and plateaus in the conductance analogous to those in the two-probe quantum Hall effect. The absence of the usual spin and valley splittings is evidence that the many-body effects are different in the quasi-one-dimensional electron gas than in the usual two-dimensional electron gas.


Korean courts have taken the position that misappropriation of corporate funds by a corporate de facto manager of a Korean corporation (the "Misappropriation") results in outflows of income, none of which are expected to return to the corporation in the future. Under Korean tax law, such Misappropriation is not treated as a deductible expense although it effectively decreases the corporation`s assets from a financial reporting standpoint. With respect to any taxable income arising from such difference between book and tax treatment, so-called "disposition of income" process (the "Process") would determine the appropriate income category thereof (which mainly depends on whether paid to the shareholders as dividends or re-invested in the corporation) for Korean corporate income tax purposes. In the past, the Korean Constitutional Court had ruled that the Process is unconstitutional, and it was followed by a judicial precedent allowing the imposition of Korean corporate income tax on the Misappropriation without such Process. It should be noted however that this precedent should be viewed as a transitional measure inevitably reflecting the Constitutional Court`s ruling of unconstitutionality. Moreover, the current Korean tax system has been significantly changed after a series of amendments to the relevant corporate tax laws and regulations on such issue, and thus should not conflict with the precedent as the Process is currently deemed constitutional. Meanwhile, in the case when a de facto manager (i.e., a Korean resident) of a foreign corporation misappropriates only Korean-source income, thereby subject to the Process, it is possible under Korea tax law that he may not be able to recognize such income as earned income because the income is not actually attributable to his performance. By contrast, he may be allowed to recognize earned income if only non-Korean source income is misappropriated. Overall, it would be unreasonable to determine the appropriate income category of the misappropriated fund solely based on the source of income. Moreover, there may be an issue as to whether the place of effective management exists in Korea for Korean tax purposes, making it more difficult to distinguish between foreign and domestic entities. In conclusion, regardless of whether it is a domestic or foreign corporation, the Misappropriation should be subject to Korean corporate income tax except to the extent that the Process applies.


Digital holography is proposed as a non-contact method for the inspection and characterization of MEMS. The method can be useful for assessing the fabrication process and the functionality as well as the reliability of micromachined structures.


Introduction : the correct rehabilitation of the patient with loss of face structures or areas attached to it makes possible their physical and psychological recovery and their normal reintegration into social life. Realistic-looking buccomaxillofacial prostheses are an excellent alternative when plastic reconstruction is not possible; however, their use implies the possibility of eviction of the device due to its size, high weight and frequent location in areas of facial mobility. Objective : to determine the behavior of some clinical and epidemiological variables related to bucomaxillofacial defects and their rehabilitation in Ciego de Avila municipality from January 2015 to January 2016. Method : a cross-sectional descriptive study was carried out in patients with buccomaxillofacial defects. The universe of study covered the entire population of the municipality, from which a sample of 59 patients who met the inclusion criteria were selected. A questionnaire was prepared for the data collection and the results were reflected in tables. Results : the prevalence of total or partial loss of buccomaxillofacial structures was 0,043 %; the majority of the cases were male patients, aged between 35 and 59 years, white skin and with ocular lesions. The main causes of structures loss were trauma and oncological lesions. Most of the patients were rehabilitated. Conclusions : although the prevalence of these defects is numerically low, its psychosocial impact on those affected is high, hence the importance of multidisciplinary care for rehabilitation.


Abstract : A new speech discrimination test was formulated by extracting selected words from recordings of the Harvard PB-50 lists. Fifty words were chosen which had been found to be significantly more difficult for patients with sensorineural hearing losses to recognize than for those with normal hearing. Three groups of subjects were tested with the dichotomizing speech discrimination test. (Author)