Children who engage in active school transportation (AST) have higher levels of physical activity (PA). Climate and weather were shown to influence adults' daily travel behaviours, but their influence on children's AST and PA has been less examined. This study examined the influence of weather conditions on children's active school transportation (AST) and overall physical activity (PA). Children in grades 4 to 6 (N=1,699; 10.2 ± 1.0 years old) were recruited in schools located in urban, suburban and rural areas, stratified by area-level socioeconomic status (SES), in three different regions of Canada (Trois-Rivières, Québec; Ottawa, Ontario; Vancouver, British Columbia). Mode of school travel was self-reported and physical activity was measured using a pedometer. We used publicly available data on total precipitation and early morning temperature. AST increased with temperature only among girls. Daily precipitation was negatively associated with boys' and girls' PA while warmer temperature was associated with increased PA on weekend days. We also observed that season and region moderated the relationship between weather conditions and children's physical activity behaviors. Our results suggest that daily weather variations influence children's AST and PA to a greater extent than seasonal variations. Interventions designed to help children and families adapt to weather-related barriers to AST and PA are needed. Novelty bullets • In Canada, weather conditions may influence children's active behaviors daily. • Associations between weather conditions, choice of travel mode and physical activity vary by gender, season, and region. • Weather affects children's PA differently during the week than on weekends.


This research aims at: I ) Explaining the direct injluence of organizational culture and leadership to learning organization; 2) Analyzing and clarijjting the straight influnce of organizational culture and leadershi$ to organizational performance; 3) Investigating and defining the undeviating influence of learning to organizational performance; 4) Stu4ing andjusti$ing the indirect influence of organizational culture and ieadership to organizational performance through learning organization. The sample of this were 167 officiers in Directorate IV/Drug Crime and ~ r ~ a n i z e d ~ r i m e BARES&MPOLRI. The method of data anahisis applied was path analysis. The results of the reasearch show: 1) Organizational culture takes a srgnificmt role in learning organization, 2) Leadership obvious injluence to learning organization; 3) Organization cultural take no role in organizational performance; 4) Leadership does not have any influnce to organizational performance; 5) Learning organization takes an important part in organizational performatlce; 6) Learning organization takes a role as medium of the injlunce of organization culture and org~nizational performance; 7) Learning organization fitnctions as the medium for leadership and organizational performance.


Objective To investigate a better method for repairing the defect after the facial malignant tumor resection.Methods Repairing the facial defect after the malignant tumor resection with local facial rotation flap for 53 patients.Results The local facial rotation flaps of 53 patients were all live,incisions were all one stage healing,the facial organs were not shifting.Follow up after operation,the tumors were no recurrence,the color and texture of flaps were same with the skin of surrounding,the scars of the incision were not very obvious.Conclusion The design of facial local rotation flaps is simple,the operative procedure is convenience,the living rate is best,and the perioperative period is less,the facial local rotation flap can be the first select method of repairing the defect after the facial malignant tumor resection.


Scientific paper explains about how to obtain an information necessary for readers to choose schools that are in the area of East Jakarta, which according to the desires and achievements of readers. Number of schools that are spread in the area of East Jakarta, leaving the reader is difficult to determine which schools the right to enroll immediately, so that readers get a good education and decent. In this application the author presents data and information from the school and the environment and the facilities provided by the school if support for teaching and learning activities or not. With this application, which made the author of course the reader will find information more easily before deciding where readers will continue his education.


Inflation persistence has close relationship with the effect of monetary policies.The monthly CIP data from 1983 to 2008 and the auto regression model are used to make rolling sample evaluation on China's inflation persistence index in order to investigate the dynamic characteristic of inflation persistence.The results show that China's inflation has strong persistence no matter during inflation or deflation.The adaptability of backward-looking pricing behavior of enterprises,non-rational expectation model,and economic subjects are three reasons which probably lead to the long-term high level of the inflation persistence of China.


The invention relates to an antibacterial nanocomposite film material of graphene oxide and lysozyme, a preparation method and application of the antibacterial nanocomposite film material as an antibacterial material. In the preparation method of the antibacterial nanocomposite film material of graphene oxide and lysozyme, with a mixed solution of the lysozyme and the graphene oxide as a raw material, the antibacterial nanocomposite film material of graphene oxide and lysozyme is prepared by using a solution casting method, wherein a mass ratio of the lysozyme to the graphene oxide in the mixed solution of the lysozyme and the graphene oxide is (2-15):1. By using the preparation method, the antibacterial nanocomposite film material of graphene oxide and lysozyme can be obtained. The antibacterial nanocomposite film material of graphene oxide and lysozyme is applied as the antibacterial material. The composite film can be spread on surfaces of other solids to have an antibacterial protection effect. In the invention, a novel functional nanocomposite film material on the basis of a graphene oxide nano-plate and a lysozyme protein, which has a highly ordered structure, a controlled-release character and an antibacterial function, is designed and prepared.


We have measured the electrical resistivity and specific heat to 0.3 K on a Czochralski-grown single crystal of UCo. The electrical resistivity shows superconductivity below T c ∼1.9 K but with a small associated specific heat anomaly, as earlier reported for polycrystalline material. We determined that the superconductivity in our crystal arises from inclusion of impurity U 6 Co, and that UCo is a non-superconducting paramagnet down to 0.3 K with an electronic specific heat coefficient γ of 4.5 mJ/K 2 ·mol.


Airborne resistivity and magnetic geophysical surveys were conducted between July 1 and July 11, 1977 in the Dansville-Geneseo area of western New York. The test site consisted of an area about 91 sq km (35 sq mi) and was restricted to the glacial filled valley and flood plain of Canaseraga Creek and Genesee River. Analysis of the data indicated four areas that are believed to have sand and gravel potential. Sands will probably predominate, with gravel being a minor constituent of the deposits. Of the four sites, all but one have calculated volumes exceeding to the sixth power cubic meters. Field tests are needed to confirm these estimates. /FHWA/


Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic, multisystem and auto immune disorder. It is an unpredictable disease, which is also episodic in nature. The serious complication of SLE is Lupus Nephritis (LN) that is an inflammation of kidney. A study was conducted from a single center in Bhagdad to determine the epidemiological profile, clinical features, and short term outcomes in patients that suffer with lupus nephritis.


While engaged in the examination of the superficial deposits of the Maltese Islands, I have often met with rounded pebbles and angular fragments of a black, crystalline limestone, either lying on the rock surfaces, or embedded in the Quaternary formations. The late Professor Leith Adams drew attention to the same fact as long ago as 1867, and in a paper which was published in the Quart. Journ. Geol. Soc. he expressed an opinion that the fragments which he had seen lying on the surfaces of the sides and summits of the Gozitan Hills, belonged to a formation that was of a much later age than any of the rocks that are now to be found in situ in the islands. Dr. John Murray, too, notes in his brochure on the Maltese Islands the occurrence of similar fragments in the neighbourhood of Marsa Scirocco, and he further adds that no evidences of the rock having been found in situ in the islands had hitherto been recorded. The remarks of these gentlemen led me to consider the matter attentively, and I have, during the last year, been carrying on investigations with the object of discovering the origin of the black marble, the result of which has been to show that it is but a variety of the Lower Coralline Limestone, the basement bed of the Maltese series, and that it occurs extensively in situ in that formation.


The reification and strengthening of intellectual property rights (IPRs) has led to an emergent and interesting counter-movement. Central research questions: (1) how IPRs manifest hegemony in a neo-Gramscian framework, (2) creating a conceptual framework to study counter-hegemonic potential of new social movements or organizations, and finally (3) using the conceptual criterion created to study the Pirate Party (PP) of Sweden. Incorporating new social movement theory with a neo-Gramscian framework explains movement of organic intellectuals from political parties to new social movements. Further, it explains the emergence of a counter-movement to IPRs. Combining the neo-Gramscian theories of Cox and Gill with new social movement theory, allows for a pertinent analysis of hegemony and the movement of IPRs towards core hegemony and their subsequent reification during the last few decades. We find that IPRs manifest hegemony. The conceptual framework created contains five central criteria for analysing a movement: (1) Aims of the movement, (2) Participation, (3) Resources and Financing, (4) Intellectual base of the movement, and (5) Compatibility with a global progressive political party. The case study of the PP shows it has (1) counter-hegemonic aims, through the linkage of IPRs to hegemony. The party has successfully politicized and reopened the contestation of IPRs within Sweden.(2) Participation within previously apathetic social groups has increased. The party is now the second largest party in Sweden by membership. (4) The intellectual base of the Piracy movement is evident, both inside and outside the party. However, no evidence of alliance building was found. (3) Resources and financing are precarious, the party is financed through contributions and personal loans of key personnel and there have been internal strife related to finances. Core activists of the party are unlikely to defect, rather without success, a return to apathy is likely. (5) No signs of alignment with a progressive global movement are evident within the PP. Therefore, this study is inconclusive, the party does not expressly aim for counter-hegemony but realization of its main goals would lead to a weakening of hegemony. The party has had modest success, gaining two seats in the EU Parliament. The parliamentary elections in Sweden 2010 may give a clearer indication of the long-term potential of the party. The hegemony of knowledge goods is evident today, thus a counter-movement has emerged to contest it.


The objective of the study was to develop a making a corporate plan which was sustainable and profitable. This involved study of what industry would be best which not only will be a good business opportunity but also support and preserve the environment in the process. Through the findings and study on various industries the report included a study of those companies which could be converted in producing less carbon or no carbon at all.


Data sharing with additional devices across wireless networks is made simple and advantageous by the Internet of Things (IoT), an emerging technology. However, IoT systems are more susceptible to cyberattacks because of their continued growth and technological advances, which could lead to powerful assaults. An intrusion detection system is one of the key defense mechanisms for information and communications technology. The primary shortcomings that plague current IoT security frameworks are their inability to detect intrusions properly, their substantial latency, and their prolonged processing time and delay. Therefore, this work develops a clever and innovative security architecture called Vectorization-Based Boost Quantized Network (VBQ-Net) for protecting IoT networks. Here, a Vector Space Bag of Words (VSBW) methodology is used to reduce the dimensionality of features and identify a key characteristic from the featured data. In addition, a brand-new classification technique, called Boosted Variance Quantization Neural Networks (BVQNNs), is used to classify the different types of intrusions using a weighted feature matrix. A Multi-Hunting Reptile Search Optimization (MH-RSO) algorithm is employed during categorization to calculate the probability value for selecting the right choices while anticipating intrusions. In this study, the most well-known and current datasets, such as IoTID-20, IoT-23, and CIDDS-001, are used to validate and evaluate the effectiveness of the proposed methodology. By evaluating the proposed approach on standard IoT datasets, the study seeks to address the limitations of current IoT security frameworks and provide a more effective defense mechanism against cyberattacks on IoT systems.


Background:Adolescence is a period of transition from child to be adult. The alteration in reproductive organs of adolescents are specifically characterized by the first menstruation (menarche). The biggest problem at this time is the lack of information in preparing themselves for menarche on adolescents, which has an impact on the low knowledge of adolescents in dealing with menarche and problems. Reproductive health counseling is the one of method that can be used to increase the knowledge of young women in preparing themselves for facing menarche to avoid the possibility of reproductive infectious diseases in the future. This study aims to determine the effect of reproductive health counseling on the level of knowledge of young women in dealing with menarche in Cimahi City Elementary School in 2017.
Methode:The research method used was quasi-experimental with pre & post test design without control. Samples were 33 young women in Cipageran Mandiri 2 Elementary School in Cimahi City, with purposive sampling technique. Data analysis consisted of univariate analysis with (mean and standard deviation) and bivariate analysis using the dependent t test.
Result :The research results showed that there was increase in the average level of knowledge of adolescents before counseling 67.70 to be 97.48 after counseling. The results of statistical tests showed that there is an effect of reproductive health counseling on the knowledge of young women in facing up of menarche (p value = 0,000). Knowledge of adolescents knowing reproductive health always needs to be improved, this will have an impact on the maturity of young people's readiness to face menarche.
Conclusion :Health counseling about menstruation can affect the level of knowledge of young women in dealing with menarche. Furthermore, it needs to be analyzed more deeply about the factors that influence the knowledge of young women in dealing with menarche.


The core problem of executive pay is neither shareholder votes on pay as discussed in the US and Switzerland, nor a multi-year assessment period as made mandatory in Germany by law. The core problem is non-indexed performance measurement which causes in-reversibly spiraling executive bonuses.


The exact evaluation of the condition of large power transformers is an important research subject in electrical engineering field,and the key task is to assess the operation condition of power transformers based on state parameters.However,the exact assessment result has not been acquired until now according to traditional assessment methods.A new assessment method based on the Analytic Hierarchy Process was proposed in order to overcome the disadvantages of traditional condition assessments based on "acceptance" or "overproof".Firstly,the equipment state and its evaluation hierarchy model were analyzed.The health value was employed to quantitatively describe the running state degree of power transformers,and the weight vectors of all evaluation hierarchies were discussed by using the analytic hierarchy process methodology with the experiences of experts.The valuation model for power transformer's health state based on the analytic hierarchy process methodology was built.The practical operational results have shown that the proposed assessment model and method are correct and effective.


The aim of my bachelor thesis is to describe the possibilities of waste glycerol reprocessing. The thesis is purely theoretical and the information were obtained from various literary sources. Introduction of the study deals with the technological aspects of production of biodiesel by esterification of vegetable oils with methanol. Futhermore, there is described the amount of biodiesel produced in various countries around the world. In the theoretical part of the study are mentioned physical and chemical properties of glycerol and its traditional uses include the manufacture of nitroglycerin, the pharmaceutical use, etc. There are presented different technological methods for processing large quantities of glycerol too, such as steam reforming, which generates syngas which can be used for production of liquid fuels via Fischer-Tropsch synthesis. There is also desribed reduction of glycerol to propylene glycol with hydrogen. Other methods are dehydroxylation of glycerol to 1,3 - propanediol, halogenation of glycerol to produce epichlorohydrin, the catalytic dehydration of glycerol to acrolein and 3-hydroxy-propionic aldehyde, oxydehydration to polyacrylic acid, glycerol butylation over the Amberlyst catalyst and the formation of glycerol-tert-butyl ethers used as additives for fuels , polymerization of glycerol to polyglycerols, glycerol hydrothermal conversion to lactic acid catalyzed by alkali, esterification of carboxylic acids and glycerol to form glycerol esters, selective oxidation of glycerol to glyceric acid, tartronic acid and dihydroxyacetone, and glycerol as an additive for cement.


Objective To investigate the prevalence of penicillin and other antibiotics nonsusceptibility (including intermediate and resistant) among Pneumococci and to assess the correlation of pbp2b amplicon profiles to penicillin resistance in pneumococcal isolates by PCR and RFLP analysis. Method Susceptibility to antibiotics was determined by broth microdilution, E-test, and K-B disk. Primers pF and pR were used to amplify the pbp2b gene and its amplicon was subjected to HaeⅢ digestion. Results The percentage of nonsusceptilibity of S.pneumoniae to penicillin G raised from 9.9% in 1997 to 14.6% in 2000; pbp2b amplicon of 97.5% (39/40) pneumococcal isolates for which MICs of penicillin were ≤0.094μg/ml had one of three different susceptible restriction profiles, and 86.7% (26/30) isolates for which MICs were ≥ 0.12μg/ml had one of six. Low-concentration penicillin resistance (MICs=0.12μg/ml to 0.5μg/ml) was associated with sensitive HaeⅢ profiles (s1) in 4 isolates. Conclusion Penicillin and beta-lactams retained their activity against S.pneumoniae in Beijing. Restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis of pneumococcal pbp2b-specific amplicons is feasible for penicillin resistance screening. [


Lewontin and Levins's contributions are viewed from four angles: a more vigorous culture of science criticism; a visible college of Marxist scientists in the USA; inquiries into the diverse social influences shaping science; and motivating readers who want to pursue their science as a political project. Indirect contributions—influences on and appropriations by other actors in the wider realm of biology as politics—are discussed as well as the more direct effects.


Based on the conventional triaxial compression tests of the Three Gorges granite,the complete stress-strain curves under different confining pressures have been attained. The test results show that the peak and residual strengths increase,and plastic deformation of the Three Gorges granite can be improved with increasing the confining pressure. Based on the stress-strain curves of triaxial experiments,the softening law of physical property parameters is studied,and a post-peak softening numerical model is established by analyzing the relationship between the strength parameters of granite and parameters of post-peak strain softening with elasto-plastic theory and curve-fitting. Conclusion is drawn that cohesion decreases gradually and ? keeps almost unchangeable with the increasing of strain softening parameter in the strain-softening process of the Three Gorges granite. The post-peak softening model of granite is used in software FLAC3D to simulate the compression tests,and the numerical simulation based on the model approximately matches the triaxial experiments.


SUBTITLE: THE CONSERVATIVES ARE CONSIDERING PLANS TO PRIVATISE ROADS: STEPHEN JOSEPH ASKS WHETHER THIS WILL HELP OR HINDER SUSTAINABLE TRANSPORT POLICIES.


To explore possible contribution of speech rhythm to foreign accent, this study conducted statistical analysis and realized automatic detection of rhythmic patterns on Mandarin Chinese, Japanese and Japanese second language learners (L2) of Chinese using interval-based and amplitude-based measures. Classification models of Support Vector Machine (SVM) and Multilayer Perceptron (MLP) were trained and perceptual experiment was conducted to examine the effectiveness of the proposed method. Results showed: 1) Japanese L2 Chinese (JL2C) are different in rhythmic pattern from both Native Chinese (NC) and Native Japanese (NJ); 2) Correction rates of classification model SVM and MLP are 97.38% and 97.10%, respectively; 3) Average detection rate of five human experts is 89.9%. The high consistency between the statistical models and human experts indicates that measures we used are effective in characterizing rhythm difference between NC, NJ and JL2C and the framework we proposed is promising in exploring the possible contribution of speech rhythm to foreign accent.


Being born in the late Qing Dynasty and active in the 1920s-30s,Shu Xin-cheng started his academ- ic life with conflicts between the old and new experiences in education.With a bittersweet longing for traditional educational methods,he was deeply attracted by Doltan Plan at first sight.It is the language of Dalton Plan that made him find an academic expression for his feelings with modernity. Shu conducted his research on Dalton Plan in the tensions between the traditional and the modern, between the sense and sensibility,and,between China and the West.Therefore,his thoughts can- not be simply attributed to the act of Westernization,even though many new educational experiments including Dalton Plan before and after the May Fourth Movement were superficially of the forms of Westernization to the most degree.


What is at stake in contemporary human relationships cannot be considered without applying an anthropological framework to the new information and communication technologies (ICTs). In this paper, the role and the function of the digital screen are considered in its universal and specific aspects: as the totem reveals itself to be the essence of whole institutions, the digital screen today is central to a process of establishment. Digital technology revolutionizes being-together and being-in-the-world: when social practices are invested by some social imaginary significances, and the different components of our social identities acquire substance through the expression of our fears, desires, and aspirations, in relevance structures for which the screen is the main medium.


Allelic expression was examined by single‐strand conformation polymorphism analysis in murinc fibrosarcomas from inter‐subspecific F1 mice between C57BL/6 and MSM. Ten genes encoding p53, mdni2, E‐cadherin, 72 kD metalloproteinase and its inhibitor (Timp2), thymidine kinasc and four glucose transporters (Gluts) were examined. These genes were chosen because of their probable association with tumor development and progression. In some of the tumors and cell lines, p53, E‐cadherin and Glut3 genes showed remarkable differences in allelic expression, one allele being poorly expressed. The allele‐specificity persisted in nine cell lines obtained by repeated transplantations from one tumor. These results suggest that expression of some genes is allele‐specific in tumor cells and the pattern of specificity is stable. Such a decrease or a loss of expression in one of the alleles may be functionally equivalent to the loss of heterozygosity of the gene, and therefore this may confer malignant properties on tumor cells. It is also suggested that differential expression of two alleles is a common event in tumor cells.


In the1990s, a number of prevalence studies measuring adverse incidents were carried out in the USA and Australia. The studies gave a snapshot of the prevalence of adverse incidents, which was estimated to be 4% and 17% respectively. Since then, prevalence studies have been carried out in a number of European countries as well, generally finding prevalence rates around 10% (de Vries et al., 2008). The differences in findings reflect differences in the methodological approach used in the studies. This type of study can provide a snapshot of safety of care, typically based on knowledge from review of patients' charts a highly laborious task, which is generally only performed once. Continuous, systematic monitoring of the frequency and nature of safety of care incidents is hardly ever performed. Patient safety initiatives have been launched in a number of countries, mostly focusing on problem identification, learning and improveABSTRACT


Fabry disease (FD) is a rare lysosomal storage disease causing progressive kidney, nervous system and heart disorders. Specific therapy may stop or mitigate disease progression, but is very expensive and results depend significantly on early initiation of treatment. Thus, clear criteria for treatment options are necessary.
 Kidney biopsy in FD has important diagnostic, prognostic and therapeutically implications. Some countries already decided to include as a criterion for reimbursement of FD-specific therapy in presence of renal biopsy evidence related to FD. National criteria for starting FD specific therapy according to renal involvement include eGFR <80 mL/min/1.73 m2 and/or proteinuria >300 mg/day.

 The aim of our retrospective study is to evaluate clinical and histological aspects of renal involvement in untreated female patients diagnosed with FD by genetic test between 2015 and 2021 in our center.
 Biological renal manifestations using serum creatinine, albumin creatinine ratio and proteinuria. Also, presence of neurological involvement was assessed by clinical exam, electroneurographic exam and brain magnetic resonance, and heart manifestations were assessed by echocardiography, electrocardiogram (ECG), ECG Holter and cardiac magnetic resonance. Kidney biopsy specimens were analyzed by light and electron microscopy. Specific renal FD lesions, as well as general lesions of progression, were evaluated according to the International Study Group of Fabry Nephropathy Score Sheet.

 From a total of 25 female patients, we enrolled 11 female patients in which kidney biopsy was performed. The mean age at diagnosis was 47.7 ± 12 years (range 30–65 years), although mean age of symptoms onset was 36.1 years. The mean eGFR was 72.7 ± 19.8 mL/min/1.72 m2 while mean proteinuria was 0.72 ± 1.3 mg/day. Average Mainz score was 16.6 ± 11.5. Heart involvement was found in five patients (45.5%), and neurological manifestations were present in five patients. Co-morbidities were as follows: arterial hypertension in six patients, diabetes mellitus in one patient and obesity in two patients.
 All kidney biopsies showed lysosomal accumulation in the podocytes, in the parietal cells of the Bowman capsule and in the tubules, while vascular inclusions were found in nine cases. Also, we observed segmental glomerular sclerosis in four cases and global glomerular sclerosis in three cases, interstitial fibrosis in six cases, tubular atrophy in five cases, arteriosclerosis in four cases and arteriolar hyalinosis in five cases.
 Considering national criteria for initiation of FD therapy, five patients (54.6%) fulfilled the renal criteria, three patients (27.3%) presented criteria for other organs involvement, while three patients (mean age 37.7 years) did not fulfill any criteria. We emphasize that, even in our six patients without renal criteria for FD therapy, kidney biopsy showed FD-specific lesions (lysosomal accumulation) in all cases, associated with segmental glomerular sclerosis in one case, interstitial fibrosis in four cases, tubular atrophy in three cases, arteriosclerosis in one case and arteriolar hyalinosis in three cases. Thus, in our three patients without clinical, biological and imaging criteria for FD therapy, evidence of specific FD lesions in kidney biopsy supported our recommendation to initiate FD treatment.

 The data from our small cohort of females with Fabry disease underline the importance of kidney biopsy for detection of early kidney involvement and provide additional support to the consideration of early initiation of FD-specific therapy, potentially improving long-term outcome. Thus, proof of specific FD renal lesions as revealed by kidney biopsy could become a distinct criterion for initiation of FD therapy, in the absence of other criteria according to current guidelines. Future studies are necessary in order to specify the role of renal histology in the establishment of the proper timing to start the FD treatment, especially in young patients.


The scientific publication procedures as well as the whole field of information processing have changed dramatically within the last decade and will undergo further changes in the next decade. Adapting to these past and future changes and to the reader's increasing information needs, we made several steps towards the modernization of the Archiv der Pharmazie – Chemistry in Life Sciences. With this edition, the journal will completely move to online publishing, skipping the printed version. This will allow all authors to include colored graphics and numerous other file types, e.g. animated files, in their manuscripts without any additional charges. The authors will provide InChI codes for their new structures, in combination with the structures' pharmacological properties, thus enhancing the searchoptions and hence increasing the citation rates of their papers.


Dear Editor, Somatic cells can be reprogrammed into totipotent or pluripotent state by nuclear transfer (NT) or the 'Yamanaka method'. White adipose tissue (WAT) is a source of readily accessible donor cells that provide virtually unlimited cells for reprogramming. Recently, freshly isolated white adipose tissue-derived cells (ADCs) from humans or mice have been successfully reprogrammed into induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) by 'Yamanaka factors' (Sun et al., 2009; Sugii et al., 2010). In contrast, cultured mouse ADCs were not feasible donors for NT, most likely due to chromosome instability that might occur during in vitro culture (Qin et al., 2009). Therefore, it remains unknown whether genomic stability sustains in freshly isolated mouse ADCs that can be used as donors for NT. Here, we report that cloned mice can be produced from ADCs and cloning efficiency can be dramatically improved by replacing the trophoblast cells in the cloned blastocysts with cells from tetraploid embryos. Moreover, the cloning efficiencies are consistently higher for Lin cells than for CD45+ cells. Our results indicate that ADCs are an easily obtainable cell source that can be used as donors for studying somatic reprogramming induced by oocytes. WAT is composed of heterogeneous cell populations, including multipotent progenitor cells and differentiated cells. According to cell lineage markers, ADCs can be separated into two groups: a lineage-positive (Lin+) population for endothelial cells (CD31), erythrocytes (Ter119), and haematopoietic cells (CD45), and a lineage-negative (Lin) population for the remaining cells primarily composed of progenitor cells including preadipocytes, prevascular cells, and mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) (Rodeheffer et al., 2008). To test the reprogramming ability of Lin and Lin+ cells, adult male B6D2F1 mice were used for the isolation of different ADCs by fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS) as described previously (Figure 1A) (Rodeheffer et al., 2008). Briefly, the stromal vascular fraction (SVF) was isolated by digestion and centrifugation, and was incubated with conjugated antibodies against the cell-surface markers expressed by Lin+ cells, including CD31, CD45, and Ter119 (Supplementary Figure S1A, P1 zone). First, CD31 and Ter119 doublenegative cells (Supplementary Figure S1A, P2 zone) or CD45 and Ter119 doublenegative cells (Supplementary Figure S1A, P5 zone) were enriched in the SVF by removing CD31+ and Ter119+ cells or CD45+ and Ter119+ cells, respectively. Lin cells (Supplementary Figure S1A, P3 or P6 zone) were further enriched by removing CD45+ cells from CD31 and Ter119 doublenegative cells (Supplementary Figure S1A, P2 zone) or by removing CD31+ cells from CD45 and Ter119 double-negative cells (Supplementary Figure S1A, P5 zone). Haematopoietic (CD45+) (Supplementary Figure S1A, P4 zone) and endothelial (CD31+) (Supplementary Figure S1A, P7 zone) cells were collected for further analyses. To test the purity of FACS-enriched Lin, CD31+, and CD45+ cells, RT–PCR (Supplementary Table S1) was performed to analyse the expression of marker genes in these cells. As expected, surface markers CD31 and CD45 expressed only in CD31+ and CD45+ cells, respectively. By contrast, Lin cells expressed neither CD31 nor CD45 (Supplementary Figure S1B). Furthermore, flow analysis showed that Lin cells highly expressed CD140A, CD140B, CD105, CD13, and Sca-1, putative markers for prevascular cells and MSCs, and CD34, a marker for preadipocytes (Supplementary Figure S1C). To test the multipotency of Lin cells, we performed in vitro differentiation assays according to a previous report (Qin et al., 2009) and found that Lin cells could differentiate into chondrogenic, osteogenic, and adipogenic cells (Supplementary Figure S1D). Taken together, these data support the hypothesis that different cell populations, including multipotent cells (Lin cells) and differentiated cells (CD45+ and CD31+ cells), can be isolated from adipose tissue and sorted using cell-surface markers. To compare the reprogramming efficiency of multipotent and differentiated cells from adipose tissue by NT, freshly isolated Lin cells and CD45+ cells were respectively used for NT. We chose CD45+ cells to represent the differentiated cell type because the number of CD45+ cells in SVF was much higher than that of CD31+ cells (Supplementary Figure S1A). Mature oocytes were collected from superovulated wild-type mice (B6D2F1). After enucleation of oocytes, donor nuclei from Lin or CD45+ cells were transferred by piezo-actuated microinjection. The reconstructed oocytes were then cultured in vitro in standard embryo culture medium (KSOM) until the blastocyst stage. The rate of in vitro development of reconstructed oocytes into blastocysts was significantly higher for Lin cells (termed Lin embryos) (Figure 1B) than for CD45+ cells (CD45+ embryos) (55.3% vs. 23.3%; P , 0.01) (Supplementary Table S1). Similarly, in vivo development was higher for Lin cells than for CD45+ cells (2.3% vs. 0% per transferred blastocyst). The cellcycle stage is a critical factor that affects cloning efficiency (Wilmut et al., 1997). Flow analysis indicated that both freshly isolated Lin cells and CD45+ cells were at the G0/G1 stage, which has been demonstrated to be the optimal cell-cycle stage for NT. A total of four liveborn cloned mice were produced from freshly isolated Lin cells in this study (Figure 1C and Supplementary Table S1). The cloned pups had a normal weight at birth, but their placentas weighed 2to 3-fold more than normal placentas, 348 | Journal of Molecular Cell Biology (2013), 5, 348–350 doi:10.1093/jmcb/mjt019 Published online June 10, 2013


Oral hygiene campaigns cost much in time and money, but even so there have been relatively few attempts to assess their efficiency. Those that have been assessed have often shown a poor return on the effort put into them, although some investigators have reported significant improvements (J. W. WILLIFORD, J. C. MUHLER, and G. K. STOOKEY, JADA 75:896902, 1967). One of the problems of assessing any improvement in oral hygiene during a dentifrice trial or a dental hygiene campaign is the difficulty of handling the findings in a meaningful statistical way. If indexes such as the simplified oral hygiene index or the periodontal index are used, parametric methods such as the t test are not really adequate because of the way in which the indexes are constructed. To avoid this difficulty it may be better to use simpler methods, whereby it is merely recorded that there was either an improvement in a child's oral hygiene status, whether it remained the same or got worse. If the original ratings were in the form of good, fair, and poor the final results could then be expressed as improved


Based on empirical research,this papers analyzes college student's evaluation on "Outline of Modern Chinese His-tory"(the"Outline").The results reflect that college student's evaluation on"Outline"is in the general level,and the evaluation on teacher closes to the satisfaction.More boys than girls are interested in learning the "Outline",and more urban students than rural students are interested in learning the "outline".At the same time,the student has certain material gain attitude on "outline",and their attitude on "Outline"is connected with their employment consideration.The research result indicates that the course's con-struction needs targeting.


The relative neighbourhood graph (RNG) of a set of n points on the plane is defined. The ability of the RNG to extract a perceptually meaningful structure from the set of points is briefly discussed and compared to that of two other graph structures: the minimal spanning tree (MST) and the Delaunay (Voronoi) triangulation (DT). It is shown that the RNG is a superset of the MST and a subset of the DT. Two algorithms for obtaining the RNG of n points on the plane are presented. One algorithm runs in 0(n 2) time and the other runs in 0(n 3) time but works also for the d-dimensional case. Finally, several open problems concerning the RNG in several areas such as geometric complexity, computational perception, and geometric probability, are outlined. Relative neighbourhood graph Minimal spanning tree Triangulations Delaunay triangulation Dot patterns Computational perception Pattern recognition Algorithms Geometric complexity Geometric probability


To create an integrative solution in a bargaining problem, negotiators need to have information about the each other's preferences. Empirical negotiation research therefore requires methods to measure the extent to which information about preferences is available during a negotiation. We propose such a method based on the domain criterion, which was originally developed for sensitivity analysis in decision making. Our method provides indices for the amount of preference information that can be inferred both in negotiations achieving a compromise and in failed negotiations. To test the external validity of our proposed measures, we conduct an empirical study which shows that the proposed measures exhibit the positive relationships to the success of negotiations as well as the efficiencies of outcomes that would be expected according to negotiation theory. http://interneg.org/


The purpose of this study was to relate the effect of intelligent development and personality development in communication oral skill. This article is based on the author's reflections and interpretations on extended literature reviews. The author had a particular interest in relating both intelligent development and personality development through student's co-curricular activity of debate. The debate orator's cultures gives positive impacts on the development areas focused by the author.


This study intends to be a contribution to the problem of integral protection of children and adolescents, treating the subject from the question regards access to justice, doing research for such an instrument of realization of their human rights mechanism. The question is of interest face the shortage of legal contributions on the subject. The methodology used was based on the analysis of legislation and documents provided by agencies dedicated to the protection of minors , as well as reputable legal works are essential in analyzing the problem. Longs to conclude that the system of access to justice, as outlined by the national legal system, actually furthers the rights of children and adolescents, contributing to their achievement and acting as able to guarantee such persons entitled instrument


Space exploration is limited without a sustainable fuel source and the ability to store that fuel over extended periods of time. Liquid hydrogen is widely considered to be the chemical propellant that will be used for long duration missions due to its high specific impulse. Liquid hydrogen and the required oxidizer, liquid oxygen, must be maintained at cryogenic temperatures due to their boiling temperatures. These low boiling points of the cryogenic liquids as well as the surrounding thermal environment result in self-pressurization of the storage tanks. Numerous active and passive systems have been proposed to reduce cryogenic propellant tank self-pressurization. Active systems, such as cryocoolers and thermodynamic venting systems, use some of the cryogenic liquid to reduce the pressure in the tank effectively discarding some of the propellant in the process. Even with the use of passive systems such as multilayer insulation ("MLI"), the use of metal tanks to store these liquid fuels results in large amounts of heat transfer into the tanks creating higher rates of selfpressurization. This study analyzes the low temperature performance of a pressure vessel constructed using the polymer RTV-655 during self-pressurization when filled with liquid nitrogen. The parameters of this performance include stress tolerance at low temperature and the tank pressurization rate. Experimental testing parameters, procedures, and limitations are discussed and performance results for the RTV-655 tank test are presented.


Continuous-wave near-infrared spectroscopy (CW-NIRS) and diffuse correlation spectroscopy (DCS) are two diffuse optics modalities for functional brain imaging. For both technologies, the measurements of cerebral hemodynamic processes are impeded by extracerebral contamination. Here, we quantify the sensitivity of each modality to brain hemodynamics, through Monte Carlo simulations and in vivo recordings in adults during hypercapnia. We show that, due to a different physiological contrast and to a different contrast mechanism, DCS is more sensitive to brain hemodynamics, and presents less contamination by extracerebral vasculature.


Objective To study the clinicpathological and immunohistochemical characteristics of small cell carcinoma(SCC) of esophagus.Methods The clinicpathological data of 48 patients were analyzed.The expressions of NSE、Syn、CgA、CK and LcA were detected by immunochemistry.Results According to the cancer cell type,these cases were classified into small cell type,middle cell type and mixed cell type.Immunohistochemically,45(93.7%),46(95.8%),38(79.2%) cases showed positive for NSE,Syn and CgA respectively.Conclusion Small cell carcinoma of the esophagus is a highly malignant neuroendocrine tumor.These results suggested NSE,CgA and Syn are useful and sensitive markers.


The present work shows a method to integrate the manufacturing signature and the operating conditions into a model for 3D tolerance analysis of rigid parts. The paper presents an easy way to manage the actual surfaces due to a manufacturing process and the operating conditions, such as gravity and friction, inside the variational model for a 3D tolerance analysis. The used 3D case study is deliberately simple in order to develop a conceptual demonstration. The obtained results have been compared with those due to a geometrical model that reproduces what happens during assembly. It has been considered as reference case. © 2016 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. Peer-review under responsibility of the organizing committee of the 14th CIRP Conference on Computer Aided Tolerancing.


Objective To observe the clinical efficacy of therapy with statins in treatment of chronic kidney disease,and to explore the non-statin lipid-lowering effect on prevention and treatment of chronic kidney disease.Methods 100 cases of patients with chronic kidney disease as the research object,were divided into the observation group and the control group,50cases in the control group,while 50 cases in the observation group.Above conventional treatment,the observation group with simvastatin treatment.The two groups were respectively observed lipids(triglyceri de,cholesterol),renal function(blood urea nitrogen,serum creatinine,endogenous creatinine clearance rate) and 24 hour urinary protein quantitative before and after one and ten months treatment,then compared them between the two groups.Results After 1 months of treatment,the index of 24 hours urinary protein between the two groups were decreased significantly(P 0.05),while the other indexes had no obvious change.While after 10 months of treatment,in the observation group,the index of triglyceride,cholesterol,24 hour urinary protein quantity,blood urea nitrogen,serum creatinine were significantly lower than that before treatment and the control group(P 0.05),and CCr was significantly higher than that in control group and before treatment(P 0.05). Conclusion The the clinical efficacy for kidney protection in observation group treatment was significantly better than the control group,and the results had shown that statins protect the function of kidney,this protective effect for non lipid-lowering dependent.


In this paper we seek to clarify and examine empirically two related perspectives on poverty processes that have emerged in recent years - those of cumulative disadvantage and of individualisation . The cumulative disadvantage perspective defines the key cleavage as between a comfortable majority and a multiply disadvantaged minority excluded from the mainstream. The individualisation perspective on the other hand views poverty as a relatively transient phenomenon, which is largely independent of traditional stratification factors. Our analyses support neither the over-determination of poverty risk through cumulative disadvantage, nor the under-determination through individualisation. Instead we argue that traditional risk factors are important, but combine in complicated ways to put a larger proportion of the population at risk of poverty rather than impacting solely on a multiply disadvantaged minority. A crucial implication of this paper is that highly targeted policies aimed at multiply deprived groups will be less successful at combating poverty than more generalised responses directed at groups who are not necessarily currently poor, but whose vulnerability to such exposure means that a range of factors may precipitate such an outcome.


Numerical experiments using a distinct element code (PFC3D) were carried out for the analysis of grout-material transfer in soil layers and also for the analysis of increase in mechanical strength after permeation grouting. For rapid analysis, up-scaling analysis in length scale was adopted, and the following observations were made from the numerical experiments. Firstly, the relative size of grout material with respect to the in situ soil particles controlled the transfer distance of the grout particles. When the size of grout particle was 0.2 to 0.25 times of the in situ soil particles, clogging of pore spaces among the in situ soil particles occurred, resulting in restricted propagation of grout particles. It was also found that there was a threshold value in the size of grout particle. Below the threshold value, the transfer distance of the grout particle did not increase with the decrease of particle size of the grout material. Secondly, the increase in cohesion and internal friction angle was observed in the numerical specimen with grouting treatment, but not with the untreated specimen.


The Kirchhoff index of a graph G is defined as Kf( G) = ∑ni = 1∑nj = 1rij/2 where rijis the resistance distance between viand vj. In this paper,a relation between the Kirchhoff index of a graph and that of its double graph was obtained,then using this relation the double trees with the first three maximum and minimum values of Kirchhoff index respectively were determined.


The technique of retaining roots and utilizing an over denture in patients with worn and non-restorable teeth is not a new approach [1,2]. When teeth are extracted, the residual alveolar bone resorbs and continues to resorb over time [3]. The alveolar resorption is greatest in the first months following extraction of teeth, depending upon biological and mechanical factors. However, the rate of resorption on the mandible is faster compared with the maxilla [4]. In addition, greater bone loss was found in the anterior part of the jaws, especially in the mandible [4]. Resorption of the maxilla is apically and poster apically while the mandible is apically and anteroapically. Consequently, if teeth or roots could be maintained in the anterior region of the mandible, it would be a significant benefit to the patient though bones preservation. Prostheses supported by stud type attachments over roots provide a retentive over denture, which is more stable.


The utility model discloses a slide slope shallow drainage system. A drainage ditch (4) is arranged on a bottom platform of a slide slope (6), a plurality of rows and lines of drainage boreholes (1) are densely arranged on the slide slope (6), the distance among the drainage boreholes (1) ranges from 2m to 3m, the depth of each drainage borehole (1) ranges from 3m to 4m, and the elevation angle of each drainage borehole (1) ranges from 0 degree to 10 degrees. A water drainage pipe is arranged in each drainage borehole (1), a mini-sized longitudinal water collecting ditch (2) and/or a mini-sized transverse water collecting ditch (3) which are in butt joint with an outlet of each drainage pipe are arranged on the slope surface of the side slope (6), and the mini-sized longitudinal water collecting ditches (2) and/or the mini-sized transverse water collecting ditches (3) are communicated with the drainage ditch (4). The slide slope shallow drainage system is capable of rapidly and efficiently discharging underground water in side slope shallow soil caused by rainfall infiltration.


Present invention relates to a rock mass structure surface shearing strength size effect size effect fractal pattern. It includes following steps, calibrating test direction on selected structural surface, respectively selecting 10cmi‡10cm structural surface test samples according to selected test direction, proceeding structural surface test sample direct shear test, said direct shear test direction being concordance with calibrated test direction on structural surface test sample, obtaining five 10 cmi‡10 cm structural surface direct shear test shearing strength, calculating structural surface shear resistance statistics value to get rock mass structure surface shearing strength size effect size effect fractal pattern. Said invention can establish rock mass structure shearing strength size effect size effect rule with shearing strength size effect size effect according to direct shear test result.


Scientists are aiming to develop a non-intrusive man-machine-interface with vision systems which has led to the emergence of the field of automatic face recognition and extraction of required features for various applications which involves human computer interface. Human computer interface would be very helpful for aiding the disabled as well as for rehabilitation. This project helps the disabled, use the computer with ease. It aims to replace the most common hardware needed for operating a computer The mouse. An image acquisition and processing framework is designed to track the human eye for mouse control. Eye tracking can be followed by obtaining the image of the eye. The glint in the eye acts as the Region of Interest and can be located in the real time acquisition of the eye. The human face and its features are extracted from a video stream. The coordinates of the glint is extracted, which is the input to the cursor to change the position in response to the movement of the eye. This depicts how efficiently the software can replace the actual hardware and help the disabled work with the computer just as normal people. A computationally efficient and cost effective application for controlling the mouse cursor using the eye by real time tracking is developed


The invention discloses a method for predicting expedited forwarding (EF) service end-to-end delay. The method obtains an EF data stream end-to-end delay upper bound expression, which is more accurate than that obtained in any prior research results, by using deterministic network calculus theory and is an important reference for the quality of service (QoS) control of an actual multimedia network. On this basis, the invention, from the statistical characteristic of the EF data stream, discovers that the birth-death model can be used for modeling EF data stream at network nodes, and finally creatively obtains a probability distribution expression of the EF data stream end-to-end delay upper boundary which can describe the delay upper boundary under different network conditions, while the prior expression can only describe the end-to-end delay under the poorest network conditions. In contrast, the probability distribution of the delay upper boundary can more accurately describe the delay upper boundary, so as to provide creditable reference for multimedia network protocol design, control of multimedia network traffic control, and so on, as well as to scientifically guide the architecture of the multimedia network.


This article is devoted to theoretical and methodological aspects of legal argumentation in constitutional proceedings and its peculiarities in particular procedural documents: constitutional petitions and appeals, decisions and opinions, aw well as the requirements and rules of argumentation.


The design and implementation of a simple gatepulse generating circuit for single-phase controlled rectifier under variable input voltage and variable frequency conditions is presented in this paper. The control scheme is consisting of voltage sensor, uncontrolled rectifier, comparator, differentiator, monostable multivibrator, amplifier and pulse transformer. The triggering pulses for the thyristors are generated by comparing the voltage sensor output with the reference dc voltage derived from the uncontrolled rectifier. It is found that the firing angle can be controlled satisfactorily from 0° to 90° by changing the reference voltage. The firing angle, once adjusted, remains constant irrespective of the changes in ac supply voltage and


Facile methods for direct ethoxycarbonylation and carbamoylation reactions of ketones are described and discussed. Our approach is based on application of ultrasonic solid-liquid phase-transfer-catalysis (S-L PTC) for enolate generation under environment friendly conditions and also a support for cleaner industrial production.


1. General introduction, Birkhoff's Ergodic Theorem vs. Ratner's Theorems on unipotent flows; measure classification implies classification of orbit closures; uniform convergence and the theorem of Dani-Margulis; the statement of the Oppenheim Conjecture. 2. The case of SL(2, R) (the mixing argument). We will be loosely following Ratner's paper [18]. 3. The classification of invariant measures for the action of a unipo-tent subgroup of SL(2, R) R 2 (modulo non-divergence). 4. Quantitative non-divergence of unipotent flows and quasi-polynomial maps: the case of SL(2, R). 5. Quantitative non-divergence in higher rank. 6. Oppenheim and Quantitative Oppenheim (lower bounds). The work of Dani-Margulis [2]. 7. Quantitative Oppenheim (upper bounds) [4]. Systems of inequalities. 8. The work of Mozes-Shah [17] (limits of ergodic measures are ergodic). 9. Equidistribution of translates and applications to Diophantine equations. We will follow parts of [6] and [7]. 10. Equidistribution of translates and applications to improvement of Dirichlet's Theorem [12, 14]. 11-12. Applications of non-divergence to metric Diophantine approximation: Baker-Sprindžuk Conjectures and their generalizations , Diophantine exponents of affine subspaces [9, 10, 11]. 13. Counting problems with billiards (slightly off-topic). 14. The work of Margulis-Goetze on quadratic forms. 15. If time allows: an overflow lecture. Possibly Oppenheim in signature (2, 2) and applications to quantum chaos. Prerequisites and suggested reading Basic notions in ergodic theory and some basics on Lie groups (see the prerequisites for the Einsiedler-Lindenstrauss course). Recommended


In open settings, the participants in virtual organization are autonomous and there is no central authority to ensure the felicity of their interactions. When agents interact in such settings, each relies upon being able to model the trustworthiness of the agents with whom it interacts. Fundamentally, such models must consider the past behavior of the other parties in order to predict their future behavior. Further, it is sensible for the agents to share information via referrals to trustworthy agents. In this article, trust is a bet on the future contingent actions of others" and enumerates six major factors supporting it: (1) reputation, (2) performance, (3) appearance, (4) accountability, (5) precommitment, and (6) contextual facilitation. Keywords—Trustworthy, trust, virtual organization.


Objective To assess the value of histeroscopy and B ultrasonography in the diagnosis of abnormal endometrical bleeding in the women of child-bearing age. Methods 632 women of child-bearing age with abnormal endometrical bleeding were examined by using B ultrasonograph. Results The rate of uterine abnormality by using ultrasonography and hysteroscopy was 83.0% , and the coincidence rate of B ultrasonography at initial diagnosis and pathology was 85.92%. The coincidence rate diagnosed by B ultrasonography and the pathological results for the size of endometrical polyps 1.00cm and submucosal endometrical myoma 0.50cm was 95.83~96.87%. Conclusion Hystgeroscopical and B ultrasonography examinations are useful for diagnosis of abnormal endometrical bleeding, inflammatory endometrical changes and complications due to uterine contraceptives in women of child-bearing age in addition to that the biopsy of local lesion could be directed for enhancement of accurate diagnosis.


This paper proposes a novel hybrid approach for islanding detection of inverter-based distributed generations (DG) based on combination of the Slip mode frequency-shift (SMS) as an active and rate of change of frequency (ROCOF) relay and over/under frequency relay as passive methods. This approach is utilized to force the DG to lose its stable operation and drift the frequency out of the allowed range of the frequency threshold. Performance of the proposed approach is evaluated under the IEEE 1547, UL 1741 and multiple-DG operation. The simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach for detection of islanding, especially for loads with high quality factor. It operates accurately under the condition of load switching and does not interfere with the power system operation during normal condition. In other words, not only it holds the benefits of both SMS and ROCOF, but also it removes their drawbacks by having less non-detection zone and faster response.


Teachers must know their disciplines thoroughly and be able to employ their knowledgeto draw upon it or act upon it as neededin planning work with, or activities for, their students. The following paragraphs deal first with the knowledge teachers need. But these paragraphs focus most of their attention on what the teacherdrawing upon that knowledgemust be able to do, and on the attitudes needed by a teacher in order to work effectively with the varied groups of students in today's schools.


New forms of 'simulated' justice and policing are emerging at the convergence of telemetric regulation with two linked trends: the monetization of justice and the development of risk-based technologies of governance. A definitive example is the traffic fine, where, increasingly, the offence is electronically monitored, calibrated, monetized into a fine, the fine issued and expiated in simulated space—that point at which the real and the virtual converge. While all of this is very 'real' (real money is primarily electronic and digitized), binary codes rather than liberal individuals are focal. Key forms of simulated justice operate beyond the reach of 'individual rights' as liberal individuals are fragmented into simulated 'dividuals' and commodified privileges rather than rights become critical to everyday life.


A pointlike static (or quasistatically moving) electric charge q is considered in the spacetime which is a wormhole connecting two otherwise Minkowskian spaces. The electrostatic force acting on the charge is found to be a sum of two terms. One of them is uniquely determined by the value of q and the geometry of the wormhole. The other has the Coulomb form and is proportional to a freely specifiable parameter (the 'charge of the wormhole'). These terms are interpreted, respectively, as the self-force and the force exerted on the charge by the wormhole. The self-force is found explicitly in the limit of vanishing throat length. The result differs from that obtained recently by Khusnutdinov and Bakhmatov.


The relationship between iron status & HIV infection is complex & poorly understood. While anemia is a major complication of HIV infection, higher iron stores may be associated with disease progression. It is uncertain if increased iron stores are a cause of disease progression or a consequence. There is limited & conflicting data available from Africa, & none that examine this relationship prospectively. We examined the association between post‐partum iron status & viral load (VL), progression (maternal death by 12 months), & MTCT of HIV in 643 HIV+ Zimbabwean women. In non‐anemic women a log10 increase in SF was associated with a 2.3‐fold increase in VL (p=0.02); this association was absent in anemic women. At the same time, Hb was negatively associated with VL (p<0.01). In prospective analyses, a log10 increase in SF was associated with a 3.5‐fold increase in the risk of death by 12 months (p=0.01), but there was no association with MTCT. Controlling for AGP, a marker of inflammation, attenuated the association between SF & VL or progression, but these remained significant. These results are consistent with the hypothesis that high iron stores have adverse consequences in HIV infection, however AGP may not fully control for the effect of HIV on SF (reverse causality). If adverse consequences are real, our data suggest that they occur at SF levels > 45 ug/L, and do not include MTCT.


A critical analysis of the decision of the Court of Appeal in Veakins v Kier Islington Ltd [2009] EWCA 1288. In this case the court had to decide whether the treatment that the claimant had received from her manager amounted to actionable harassment and, if so, whether her employers should be liable for the wrongdoing of their manager.


Depositing materials selectively on small domains like on top of 100 nm Si lines or in 100nm Si trenches is our purpose. Such a technique is not only scientifically important but also it may open up new interesting fields in science and engineering. We fabricated 100nm-wide Si-line/space patterns with the 4th harmonic of Nd:YAG laser (266nm) or with polarized ArF excimer lasers (193nm): first polyimide ripple structures, followed by series of reactive ion etchings. We have successfully deposited amorphous diamond- like-carbon only on top of 100nm-wide Si-lines by photoablation of polymers. We were also successful in depositing pure crystalline diamond over 100nm- wide Si lines. We are successful in fabricating 100nm line/space patterns on silicon using polymer exposures either by Nd:YAG laser at 266nm or polarized ArF excimer laser beam at 193nm, and by subsequent image transfer to silicon substrates by reactive ion etchings. We selectively deposited diamond-like-carbon on top surfaces of 100nm-wide Si lines. We also deposited crystalline diamond on such Si structures. Acknowledgements: The authors like to thank Hong Kong Government Research Grant RGC HKUST 627/94P and HKUST research grant RIG92.93.SC06.


Failure analysis is important method for identification of engineering failure.And scanning electron microscope(SEM) is instrument of failure analysis.Both two are effecting widely across engineering field especially application of fracture analysis.Failure mode and root cause can be identified;meanwhile countermeasure can be made through SEM.This article will explain application of failure analysis by SEM through an actual engineering failure case.In this case,root cause is identified and countermeasure is made through aid of SEM.


Using the method of heat approximation, we will establish partial
regularity results for bounded weak solutions to certain strongly
coupled degenerate parabolic systems.


Background: Learning analytics (LA) is the measurement, collection, analysis, and reporting of data about learners and their contexts to understand and optimize learning and the environments in which it occurs. Most teaching and learning (T & L) data was obtained from learning management systems (LMS), such as Moodle platform. However, this data is not utilized for teaching purposes, for example, learning how students' activities can influence the final exam marks. Methods: Therefore, this study aims to find a correlation and develop a prediction model between students' activities, independent variables known as LMS factors, against dependence variables, which are students' final results. Besides, four non-LMS factors (race, sponsorship, admission requirements and final coursework marks) were also included in the research to obtain the best model. The regression analysis, models are used to predict the outcomes by evaluating the accuracies of testing data. Results: The findings reveal that the best model utilizes Simple Linear Regression (SLR) with coursework as an independent variable, resulting in an average error difference (AED) of only 1.8. The remaining experiments produced AED results ranging from 2.74 to 7.58 using Multilinear Regression (MR). Conclusions: in summary, this study provides a significant finding that demonstrates the potential of utilizing LMS activities to predict final marks, enabling lecturers to enhance their students' results.


Do motion picture incentives nudge productions to film in an adopting state, increase budgets, or hire more cast and filmmakers? Or do they simply subsidize productions that would have occurred regardless? Using California's Film and Television Tax Credit Program, the author exploits incentives given out by lottery to answer these questions. The author finds that 19% of films would have filmed in California even without a tax incentive, but that the offering of an incentive increased the probability of a film being made in California by 16 percentage points. Both production budgets and the number of cast and filmmakers increased in response to the offering of a tax incentive, and, in California specifically, they increased budget spent by 267% and the number of cast and filmmakers hired by 123%. The program also had differential impacts based on film type, with only nonindependents increasing budgets and the number of cast and filmmakers in California.


In this paper, the information content of the volatility observed on portfolio flows is tried to be econometrically examined for the Turkish economy. Our findings employing EGARCH estimation methodology reveal that the volatility shocks on the portfolio flows seem to be of a quite persistent form and that the news impact extracted from the model is asymmetric such that the conditional variance of the net portfolio flows reacts more to past negative shocks than to positive innovations of the equal size. Such a result has been attributed to that inside the period under investigation an unanticipated decrease in net portfolio flows would lead to a higher level of uncertainty when compared with the uncertainty resulted from an unanticipated increase and that policy makers ought to be prudent against the increasing uncertainties in the economy especially if large portfolio outflows are to be experienced.


The region of the west in China has unique geographical features and rich resources,but for lack of appeal to funds,talented people and other scarce elements,which leads to the western region's economic and social development level significantly behind in the eastern coastal developed areas.Therefore,in recent years,in term of theory or in practice,the western region based on regional resources,underlying economic development with characteristics,developing competitive industries and expanding space for development.In many fields,those studies have made certain achievements,but there are exist some problems.This paper analyzed the development of competitive industries and industries with local characteristics in western China,provided a foundition for further study.


The aim of this article is to show the importance of the narration of the female body in women contemporary Syrian novel. As an example, I will use the novel Ḥurrās al-hawā' (The guardians of the air), written by the young Syrian writer, Rūzā Yāsīn Ḥasan, published in 2009. This novel is notably interesting in order to describe this new trend. In fact, although it is presented as a critical work against the autocratic regime in Syria, we discover that also the erotic component is a pivotal element. Finally, I remark that the body is the centre of the plot and affects all the characters' world. We may conclude that the author uses the social and political criticism as a means to express and represent the dimensions of the body which in the text are many: sex, pregnancy, illness, death, physiological functions and torture.


! Life-threatening complications are extremely rare in ophthalmic surgery. If they occur, then mostly because of a pre-existing severe cardiovascular condition of the patient


We propose a unified approach to $q$-special functions, which are degenerations of basic hypergeometric functions ${}_2\phi_1(a,b;c;q,x)$. We obtain a list of seven different class of $q$-special functions: ${}_2\phi_1, {}_1\phi_1$, two different types of the $q$-Bessel functions, the $q$-Hermite-Weber functions, two different types of the $q$-Airy functions. We show that there exist a relation between two types of the $q$-Airy functions.


Voltammetric and impedance measurements were used to study the transfer of protonated forms of local anesthetics (procaine, tetracaine, cocaine, prilocaine, bupivacaine, lidocaine, dibucaine) between water (W) and o -nitrophenyl octyl ether ( o -NPOE). The ion structure was shown to have little effect on the ion transport properties in the bulk aqueous phase, as characterized by the diffusion coefficient, D ^w=(7 - 10) × 10^-6 cm^2 s^-1, as well as in the bulk o -NPOE phase, as characterized by the diffusion coefficient D ^0=(5 - 6) × 10^-7 cm^2 s^-1, and at the W | o -NPOE interface, as characterized by the apparent standard rate constant, k _0^s=0.013 cm s^-1. While ion transport in the bulk of a phase is influenced mainly by the ion size and medium viscosity (Stokes law), the rate of interfacial ion transfer comprises the contributions of the ion distribution in the electrical double layer and of the activated transfer step, which compensate largely for each other. The pharmacological activity of local anesthetics correlates with the standard potential differences of their protonated forms at the W| o -NPOE interface. This activity can be related to the ion partition between the body fluid and the membrane, or to the rate of membrane ion transfer at a constant potential difference.


This article aims to investigate the structure–property relationship of organoclay filled natural rubber (NR) nanocomposites. The nanostructure has been investigated by X-ray diffraction, atomic force microscopy and transmission electron microscopy. The effect of organoclay on the diffusion behavior and mechanical properties of natural rubber has been investigated. The solvent transport properties and the swelling characteristics of the nanocomposites have been studied using toluene and hexane as solvents. It is observed that the nanocomposites exhibit an anomalous trend of transport behavior. The diffusion coefficient and permeability coefficient values are found to be lower for hexane than for toluene. The nanocomposites exhibit improved mechanical properties (tensile strength, tear strength, and modulus) and hardness compared to the unfilled rubber. It is concluded that the dispersion of organoclay has a significant effect on the diffusion and mechanical properties of the nanocomposites. POLYM. COMPOS., 2017. © 2017 Society of Plastics Engineers


The development of cracks in reinforced bridge decks is a critical problem, not only in Ohio state, but the whole of United States. Many bridge decks constructed within the last 10 years in Ohio have already shown varying levels and patterns of cracking. Bridge deck cracking is a serious issue because cracks allow harmful and corrosive chemicals to penetrate the concrete and deteriorate the reinforcing steel embedded in it, regardless of the bridge design type, length of spans, deck thickness and concrete mixture designs. Proper precautions need to be taken to avoid rapid deterioration of the bridges which can lead to increased maintenance costs and the need for possible replacement. The Ohio Department of Transportation's current procedure for bridge inspection requires periodic surveying of the whole bridge. However, this inspection procedure offers only a qualitative assessment of the bridges inspected. In this study, a quantitative measurement strategy was adopted by measuring the crack densities of twelve bridges in District 3. Two types of bridges were inspected: three structural slab bridge decks and nine stringer supported bridge decks. Crack densities were determined based on crack maps corresponding to the surveys for each bridge deck. The crack densities determined for the twelve bridge decks indicated that structural slab bridge decks have slightly higher shrinkage crack densities compared to the bridge decks constructed with stringer supports. However, the "structural" cracks seem to be wider for structural slabs (greater than 0.007 inch). Particularly on bridge ASD-42-0656, which is a continuous slab bridge, there were several large "structural" cracks that were parallel to the intermediate supports. These cracks were very wide (much greater than 0.007 inch). The shrinkage crack densities of the twelve bridge decks determined in this study were considerably lower than the crack densities of similar bridge decks located in other states, demonstrating that Ohio bridge decks in general have lower crack density than those in other states. The shrinkage crack densities of the bridges constructed with Quality Control/Quality Assurance (QC/QA) type of concrete have lower values than the bridges made with other types of concrete.


Brief cognitive screens lack the sensitivity to detect mild cognitive impairment (MCI) or support differential diagnoses. The objective of this study was to validate the 10‐minute, tablet‐based University of California, San Francisco (UCSF) Brain Health Assessment (BHA) to overcome these limitations.


A nonsingular analytical solution for the transfer equation in a pure absorber is obtained in central symmetry and in a monochromatic radiation field. The native regular singularity of the equation is removed by applying a linear transformation to the frame of reference. Two different approaches are used to carry out the solution. In the first approach the angular derivative is interpreted in an original way that made it possible to discard this derivative from the equation for all black body media without upsetting the conservation of energy. In this approach the analytic solution is expressible in terms of exponential integrals without approximations but for practical considerations the solution is presented in the form of Gauss-Legendre quadrature for quantitative evaluation of the solutions. In the second approach the angular derivative is approximated by a new set of discrete ordinates that guarantees the closure of the set of equations and the conservation of energy. The solutions from the two approaches are numerically identical in homogeneous and non-homogeneous cold media as well as in local thermodynamic equilibrium and for all optical depths that can be managed with 16 significant digits arithmetics without numerical instabilities. The solution in either approach is made possible by splitting the original transfer equation into two equations, one for the centripetal energy flow and another one for the centrifugal energy flow. The end-points form of the solution proved to be very effective in numerical computations without spatial truncation errors.


There are limited literature on statistical methods to deal with Risk based monitoring (RBM) in clinical trial. Recently, it is becoming one of the emerging areas where a party has limited resources for completion of new approaches to trial oversight. This paper is dedicated to provide the application of neural network-ing as a choice to maintain the RBM in clinical research. It is expected that pharmaceutical industries will adopt this procedure in near future for continuous assessment of RBM in their routine clinical trial.


Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is one of the most common diseases of this organ. Persons with type 2 diabetes, overweight and obesity, metabolic syndrome, as well as at age > 50 years are particularly vulnerable to the development of NAFLD. The disease, especially in its more advanced form – NASH (non-alcoholic steatohepatitis), is one of the most common causes of the increase of liver enzymes. Pathogenesis is associated with insulin resistance and abnormal lipid metabolism. Initial diagnosis is based on imaging techniques, especially easily accessible ultrasonography and laboratory studies. The final diagnosis is based on pathomorphological assessment of liver specimens; however, it is necessary only in some cases. NAFLD is the risk factor of liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. The treatment consists of proper diet, physical exercise, loss of weight, and pharmacotherapy. The medicines improving the laboratory results and particularly also pathomorphological scores are ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA), vitamin E in big dose and glitazons. Two exemplary cases are presented in this article. The first one is the woman at the middle age with the minor ailments in the abdominal cavity, obesity, insulin-independent diabetes and arterial hypertension. On the base of anamnesis and physical examination, Opis przypAdkU


The need for a rapidly acting nondepolarizing muscle relaxant has always been felt in anaesthetic practice. The patient's tracheobronchial tree is unprotected after the induction of sleep and before endotracheal intubation has been carried out. This interval can be a problem during emergency anaesthesia and aspiration of vomitus or regurgitated material is one of the common accidents at that time.' It is not possible to intubate for a t least 120 sec' with the traditionally used nondepolarizing muscle relaxants; the dangers of this are only too obvious. Suxamethonium is used in such situations, but regurgitation is possible when this drug is used as the intragastric pressure is raised during the phase of muscle fasciculation. AH 81 65D, a n azobis-arylimidazo-( 1,2-z)-pyridinium derivative, is a new, rapidly acting nondepolarizing muscle relaxant, the clinical use of which has been described in an article by Simpson et a/ .3 This paper will present initial clinical experience obtained when this muscle relaxant was used under routine clinical conditions in thoracic and abdominal operation with particular reference to its onset and duration of action, intubating conditions, ease of reversal and its side effects. A dose of 0.5 mg/kg was used in six patients but this proved to be inadequate and the dosage was increased to 0.75 mgikg in two more cases and this report is based on twenty-six administrations of 1 mg/kg of A H 8165D.


Modification of monolithic semiconductor injection laser capable of one-dimensional electronic beam steering enables deflection of beam in second direction. Such laser chip provides beam pointing or raster scanning for applications in optical communications, data processing, image scanning, and optical ranging.


A comparative study is presented on the development of various science specialties in first class Chinese and American universities on the basis of their research output.Results indicate that the dominant disciplines in first class Chinese universities are physical sciences while those in first class American universities are life sciences.The scale of science programs in China has increased quickly but their quality is still lower than their American counterparts.Programs in different disciplines in Chinese universities are in different stages of development: Mathematics programs are mostly well balanced in quantity and quality;physics and chemistry programs have experienced the greatest development;environmental science and earth science are in a stage of steady development;and space science is still in its initial growth.


East Sea Fisheries Research Institute, NFRDI, Gangneung 210-861, KoreaWe determined the seasonal gonad maturation in Strongylocentrotus nudus sea urchins inhabiting an artificially enhanced seaweed forest along the Samchuk Coast of Korea from April 2006 to March 2007. A total of 30 sea urchins per month were collected from the study area, and gonadosomatic index (GSI), gonad index (GI), egg diameter, and RNA/DNA variation were measured for each specimen. GSI values of female and male urchins achieved maximums of 17.6 and 17.0, respectively, in June. Based on histological studies, maximum GI values occurred in July (4.6 for females and 4.8 for males). A mean ovarian egg diameter of 73.7±14.2 μm was measured in August; during the main spawning period in September, mean egg diameter reached a maximum of 74.2±17.8 μm. The RNA/DNA ratio and RNA content for both males and females showed a distinct peak during the ripe stage in July, but another peak occurred in the spring season from March to April, when urchins deposit protein into the nutritive phagocytes of immature gonads prior to gametogenesis. The reproductive cycle of S. nudus is divided into five stages: early active (December-May), late active (March-July), ripe (July-September), spent and degenerative (August-November), and inactive (October-February). Our continuous removal of sea urchins from the study area did not influence the reproductive cycle, as populations quickly recovered, and achieved normal gonad development cycle in the site. Key words: Sea urchin, Strongylocentrotus nudus, Gonad maturation, RNA/DNA, GSI, GI


This essay is about authorship and translation by means of a genetic approach to a peculiar case study: Dmitri Nabokov's double translation (from Russian into English and then into Italian) of Vladimir Nabokov's Volshebnik (1939; The Enchanter, 1986; L'incantatore, 1986, 2011). Thanks to the material in the archives of the Berg Collection (NYPL), I could follow the history of the posthumous publication of this novella in English and Italian. But something was missing: there were no traces of the first drafts of the translations.In the second part of this article I question precisely what is missing, focusing on the genesis of L'incantatore, Dmitri Nabokov's Italian translation of The Enchanter. Here, as with his English translations done in collaboration with his father, under his father's "responsibility", Dmitri Nabokov's own authority and authorship are at stake. The son of the great writer, who did not master Italian as well as he mastered English, went on translating in collaboration with other, trustworthy translators. This practice, although rather common, raises an ethical question: what does a signature in a translation mean? And what does it mean when the (last) name happens to be the same as the author's?


The chemical composition,mechanical properties and welding properties of novel alkaline 850 MPa class high strength steel wire were studied.The results show that the basic weld wire has the advantages of beauty,stable arc,less spatter and deposition efficiency.The tensile strength of deposited metal is up to 830 ~ 970 MPa,the yield strength is greater than 745 MPa,the elongation rate is more than 14%,the low temperature impact toughness at-50 ℃ is more than 27 J,which can fit E830T5-K4M standard of GB/T17493-2008,and can be used for the appropriate intensity level steel welding requirements.


Intelligent network function (NF) placement can minimize optical/electrical/optical (O/E/O) conversions for NF chaining in packet/optical data centers hosting NF virtualization (NFV). We design an efficient algorithm for NF placement, and show it can achieve near-minimum O/E/O conversions.


Background : Bronchial asthma is one of the most common chronic pediatric diseases. It is a heterogeneous disease with multiple overlapping phenotypes. Biomarkers have been investigated for better phenotype characterization and to identify the response to targeted therapies. Purpose : The study aimed to assess serum periostin level and mean platelet volume in children with asthma flare-ups compared to age and sex-matched healthy controls. Methods : This case-control study included one hundred asthmatic children and fifty healthy children as controls. Both groups were aged 6-12 years. Bronchial asthma was diagnosed according to the Global Initiative for Asthma (1). Blood mean platelet volume and serum periostin levels were assessed for both groups. Results : The mean platelet volume was significantly lower in the patients group (9±1 fL) than in the controls (11±1 fL) (P < 0.001). Serum periostin was significantly higher in the patients group (78.85±26.33 ng/ml) than in the controls (42.72±3.4 ng/ml) (P <0.001). ROC analysis revealed a significant-excellent AUC of 0.930 with a 95% confidence interval of 0.885–0.974. Serum periostin showed a significant positive correlation with the degree of severity of asthma flare-ups (r = 0.477, P <0.001). Conclusion : Serum periostin and mean platelet volume help detect bronchial asthma flare-ups. Serum periostin is useful in severity assessment of asthma exacerbations.


Suppose that $X = \Spec R$ is an $F$-finite normal variety in characteristic $p > 0$. In this paper we show that the big test ideal $\tau_b(R) = \tld \tau(R)$ is equal to $\sum_{\Delta} \tau(R; \Delta)$ where the sum is over $\Delta$ such that $K_X + \Delta$ is $\bQ$-Cartier. This affirmatively answers a question asked by various people, including Blickle, Lazarsfeld, K. Lee and K. Smith. Furthermore, we have a version of this result in the case that $R$ is not even necessarily normal.


Through capillary column,methylene chloride concentration,phase conversion and electron capture detector,we measured 9 kinds of trace nitrobenzene in water.The whole process is about 14 minutes.The detection limit of each component is 0.003~0.010μg/L; the recovery of in low concentrations in water samples in each group is during in 93.2%to 107%,the relative standard deviation is during 4.09%to 6.05%,which conforms to testing requirements of 9 kinds of trace nitrobenzene in surface water quality standards(GB3838- 2003).


While use of curvilinear coordinates such as bond lengths and bond angles is common in accurate spectroscopic and/or scattering calculations for triatomic and other small molecules, their use for large molecules is uncommon and restricted. For large molecules, normal-mode analysis is feasible but gives sensible results only if the dynamical or spectroscopic process being considered involves changes in angular coordinates, including ring deformations, which are so small that the motion can be approximated by its tangential component. We describe an approximate method by which curvilinear normal-mode-projected displacements and hence Franck–Condon factors, reorganization energies, and vibronic coupling constants, as well as Duschinsky (Dushinsky, Duschinskii) rotation matrices, can be evaluated for large systems. Three illustrative examples are provided: (i) to understand the nature of the first excited state of water, illustrating properties of large-amplitude bending motions; (ii) to understand the nature...


We establish the conception of rsb-distance with property C on a Menger Probabilistic sb-metric space. Moreover, we have proved a few fixed point theorems in a Complete Menger Probabilistic sb-metric space. Also we display the Weakly Commuting maps in same space.


We introduce two extensions of a Tychonoff space that generalize the notions of the Hewitt extension and the "generalized Hewitt extension" introduced by Bachman, Beckenstein, Narici and Warner. The extensions are determined by sets of continuous functions. In particular, we study the extensions determined by all continuous functions and the extension determined by all continuous bounded functions and show that these can be regarded as epireflective functors. Finally we discuss the possibility of using these extensions to describe the characters of function algebras.


An exposure drawing device is provided, contraposition symbols necessary for drawing circuit patterns are formed on two faces of a substrate. The exposure drawing device (10) comprises: a substrate putting part (20) which puts the substrate (CB) formed with a photosensitive layer at a substrate correction position; a correction part (30) which corrects the substrate put at the substrate correction position to a stated position; a symbol forming part (40) which forms a first and a second contraposition symbols for a first and a second faces of the substrate corrected by the correction part; and a drawing part (60) which draws the circuit patterns to the first and the second faces of the substrate on the basis of the first and the second contraposition symbols.


INTRODUCTION Interpretation of a near-vertical Apollo-Soyuz color photograph of northern Egypt revealed a dark-colored and finely textured zone partially overlapped by the present Nile Delta. Extrapolation of the identified zone beyond the ApolloSoyuz photographic coverage, using a false-color Landsat mosaic, indicated that this zone forms a part of a deltalike pattern. Review of the literature on the geology of the area indicated that its outcropping and subsurface rocks are of terrigenous types. In addition, all its deposits belong to fluvial, deltaic, prodeltaic, estuarine, and fluvio-marine facies. Examination of the size, form, and extension of the identified pattern revealed that it is most probably the late Eocene to early Miocene ancestral delta of the Nile River. This supports the theory that the Nile originated in late Eocene time. From the southern borders of Egypt to the city of AsyClt, the river followed a course similar to that of the present-day Nile. At the end of the early Miocene time, a sudden lengthening of its course occurred, and the river ceased depositing its sediments in the ancestral delta northwest of AsyOt. Probably guided by faults, the river flowed northward to its present-day position. This change in the course of the Nile was probably associated with a regional uplift that affected Egypt during middle Miocene time. aAin Shams University, Cairo, Egypt. b ~ a t i o n a l Air and Space Museum, Srnithsonian


A 15-year old boy was diagnosed with type II achalasia cardia at our hospital and peroral endoscopic myotomy (POEM) was performed by the posterior route (5 o'clock). The standard steps of the POEM procedure included: mucosal incision, submucosal tunneling, myotomy, and closure of the incision with endoclips [1]. We incorporated an important modification in our myotomy technique in order to preserve the oblique muscle fibers close to the gastroesophageal junction. In this technique, we identified two penetrating vessels at the gastric end of submucosal tunnel (▶Fig. 1 a, b). These vessels have been described as a marker of the junction between the circular and oblique muscle fibers [2]. The second penetrating vessel was not coagulated and served as a guide for later identification of the oblique muscle fibers. Myotomy was performed in the usual fashion until the gastroesophageal junction was reached. Subsequently, the direction of the myotomy was re-adjusted in such a fashion that it was possible to selectively avoid severing the oblique muscle fibers (▶Fig. 1 c). A lax gastroesophageal junction could be appreciated after the POEM procedure (▶Fig. 2). Finally, the mucosal incision was closed with the standard technique using multiple endoclips (▶Video 1). POEM has emerged as a safe and efficacious treatment modality for achalasia cardia, with encouraging results in the pediatric population as well [3]; however, gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is a major concern after POEM [4]. The oblique fibers form an important component of the anti-reflux barrier and are usually severed during posterior POEM. In this video, we demonstrate a novel technique for POEM in which the oblique fibers are preserved to prevent GERD.


The use of infrared radiation as a home security system is one of the technology improvisations that utilize physics phenomena. This research focuses on the designing of simple control systems based on Arduino Uno and GP2Y0A21YK0F infrared sensors along with other components.  The working principle of this system starts when the IR sensor detects moving objects in the vicinity of the house in which infrared radiation is reflected and this gives outputs in the form of distance value from the display as well as movement and sound from servo to inform the occupants of the object's whereabouts. Data obtained from the display system showed an approximation of the real distance value. Therefore, occupants can know the distance of the moving object.


This work have the purpose to approach at development of professional´s competences from the research and work training, analyzing someone characteristics typify this process by the career Labor Informatics Education, and pedagogical collective and teaching establishment unit roll to concern at this achievement, to start from interdisciplinary character to treatment of the learning and teaching components, and the integrate character of the formative and educative  influence between the formative organism and employer organism, as well as, to conceive qualitative and integrate evaluative system of the learning, to be based on action mode to professional's performance of the students during the labor practice.


RT-PCR was used to abtain the SCI-SB gene from silkworm. The gene was cloned to the expressing vector pGEX4T-1, then a chymotrypsin inhibitor recombinant expression bacteria was constructed. With the pGEX fusion expression system, we expressed the GST-fusion protein in "E. coli" BL21, which accounted for approximately 15% of germ proteins. By GSTTrapFF affinity chromatography, GST-fusion protein was obtained. This fusion protein showed certain chymotrypsin inhibitor activity, Immunization of rabbits with fusion protein generated high titer antibodies, measured by ELISA. All this made a good ground for the further study of SCI-SB.


A study has been made of the diffusion of zinc ions into alkaline solutions of sodium cellulose xanthate (viscose) when these are extruded into acidified salt solutions (spin-bath). Under these conditions, which exist during the manufacture of regenerated cellulose industrial yarns, the zinc ions are diffusing into a continuously coagulating gel structure from which water is exuded as the structure is developed. It has been shown that the presence of certain additives (modifiers) in the viscose can slow down the diffusion of both zinc and hydrogen ions, thus retarding the coagulation and neutralization of the viscose. In the initial stages of coagulation, before the neutralization point is reached, the modifiers reduce the rapid filament shrinkage and pressure rise within the filament which would otherwise be caused by the presence of zinc ions in the spinbath. The mode of action of the modifiers is discussed in the light of current theories. A hypothesis is put forward that the modifiers act by preventing the initial rapid shrinking action of the outer cuticle of the filament. This permits the production of the desired fine structure inside the filament during a slower steady shrinkage which leads to a round cross-sectioned filament of good mechanical properties.