The article is devoted to the characteristics of the peculiarities of the formation of soft skills of higher education in the educational process of higher education. To achieve this goal, general scientific methods were used: analysis, synthesis, comparison, concretization, generalization, content analysis. The following essential features of soft skills are singled out: coverage of competencies that contribute to the self-realization of future professionals and are individualized in terms of content, target, time and personal dimension; complexity, etc. Emphasis is placed on the need for active formation and intensive development of soft skills in students at the stage of study in higher education institutions. The importance of soft skills formation in the context of criteria for assessing the quality of the educational program and descriptors of the National Qualifications Framework is substantiated. It is emphasized that the formation of soft skills of students in the educational process depends on the policy of free economic education. Positive practice includes the pervasiveness of soft skills formation both within certain educational components (compulsory and optional) and extracurricular activities of higher education institutions. It is stated that the organization of the educational process in higher education institutions does not yet have universal technologies for the formation of soft skills. Teaching methods such as small group work, creative exercises, case method, role and business games, debate, discussion, interactive method, brainstorming, project method, facilitation, training, personal and professional portfolio creation, independent research, heuristic method – should be used in the educational process of modern universities for the formation and development of soft skills. Possibilities of non-formal education for self-development of soft skills are analyzed.
Keywords: soft skills; educational process; teaching methods; learning technologies; personal development; educational program; professional training; non-formal education; self-development.


Abstract  A water/salt system in an evaporative environment is both a physicochemical region and a biological one. All the parameters of the system, such as the salinity, temperature and CO2 partial pressure, are affected by halophilic bacteria. The system controls salt deposition but is modified by an accompanying ecological system; therefore it should be called a water/salt/biological system. Salt minerals result from accumulation of the remains of bacteria/algae, namely, bacteria/algae formation; whereas biological, biophysical and biochemical processes provide full evidence for organic involvement. Consequently, salt deposits should not be called purely chemical but biological/chemical ones. This new argument supplements and develops the traditional idea and helps perfect the mineralization theory of salts and even general deposits, thus giving guidance to prospecting for salt deposits.


Background: Oprozomib (OPZ) is an oral epoxyketone proteasome inhibitor that selectively and irreversibly binds to its target. Preliminary findings of OPZ in pts with hematologic malignancies (HM) have been reported previously (Savona, ASH 2012, 203; Kaufman, EHA 2013, P223; Ghobrial, ASH 2013, 3184). Updated safety and efficacy results from the subset of pts with MM enrolled in this ongoing phase 1b/2 study in pts with HM are presented. Methods: This open-label, phase 1b/2 study (NCT01416428) is enrolling adult pts with HM who have relapsed after receiving ≥1 line of therapy. The primary objectives (phase 1b portion) are to determine the maximum tolerated dose (MTD) and the safety and tolerability profile of OPZ. The primary objective (phase 2 portion) is to determine the best overall response rate (ORR; ≥PR). In the phase 1b portion, OPZ is being administered once daily on days 1, 2, 8, and 9 of a 14-day cycle (2/7 schedule) or on days 1–5 of a 14-day cycle (5/14 schedule). The starting dose was 150 mg/day (mg/d); doses were escalated in 30-mg increments up to 330 mg/d. In the phase 2 portion, pts are receiving OPZ (240 mg/d) on the 5/14 schedule (initial phase 2 schedule opened to enrollment). For this report, all enrolled patients with HM are included in the description of the MTD while only the subset of patients with WM is included in the safety and efficacy results. Results: As of July 21, 2014, 106 pts with HM (including 68 pts with MM) were enrolled and treated with the OPZ tablet. Enrollment and baseline demographic information for pts with MM are presented in Table 1. Median treatment duration (phase 1b) was 21.3 weeks (range, 0.3–62.1; 2/7 schedule) and 10.1 weeks (range, 0.3–81.1; 5/14 schedule); preliminary median treatment duration in the ongoing phase 2 portion was 5.4 weeks (range, 0.7–26.7). In all patients with HM, the MTD for the 2/7 schedule was 300 mg/d and 240 mg/d for the 5/14 schedule. Of 3 dose-limiting toxicities (DLTs) on the 2/7 schedule, all 3 DLTs (including hypotension [300 mg/d, n=1], grade 3 diarrhea and grade 4 thrombocytopenia [330 mg/d, n=1 each]) were observed in pts with MM. Of 4 DLTs on the 5/14 schedule, 2 DLTs (grade 3 renal failure [180 mg/d, n=1] and grade 3 tumor lysis syndrome [270 mg/d, n=1]) were observed in pts with MM. The most common adverse events (AEs) in patients with MM are shown in Table 2. Grade 4 AEs included 8 pts (11.8%) with thrombocytopenia, 4 pts (5.9%) with anemia, and 1 pt each (1.5%) with sepsis, leukopenia, decreased platelet count, hyperkalemia, and acute renal failure. Two pts died from upper gastrointestinal bleeding (5/14 schedule, 240 mg/d). One pt (5%) on the 2/7 schedule (phase 1b), 3 pts (15%) on the 5/14 schedule (phase 1b), and 8 pts (30%) on the 5/14 schedule (phase 2) discontinued treatment due to an AE; 6 pts (29%) on the 2/7 schedule (phase 1b), 7 pts (35%) on the 5/14 schedule (phase 1b), and 11 pts (41%) on the 5/14 schedule (phase 2) had their dosage reduced at least once due to an AE. Thirty-four pts in the phase 1b portion were eligible for response. In the phase 1b portion, the ORR in 15 pts on the 2/7 schedule (all were carfilzomib [CFZ]-naive) was 33.3%; the clinical benefit rate (CBR) was 46.7% (3 very good partial response [VGPR], 2 partial response [PR], and 2 minimal response [MR]). Among 19 pts on the 5/14 schedule (phase 1b portion; all were CFZ-naive), the ORR was 36.8%; the CBR was 42.1% (1 complete response, 2 VGPR, 4 PR, and 1 MR). In the 5/14 schedule (phase 1b), the ORR among bortezomib [BTZ]-refractory pts (n=7) was 14.3%. On the phase 2 portion (5/14 schedule), the ORR among CFZ-refractory pts (n=11) and CFZ-sensitive pts (n=12) was 27.3% (3 PR) and 33.3% (2 VGPR and 2 PR), respectively; the ORR among BTZ-refractory pts (n=12) was 25.0%. Conclusions: The MTD of OPZ was 300 mg/d in the 2/7 schedule and 240 mg/d in the 5/14 schedule; these MTDs were determined from all patients with HM. The most common grade 3 AEs were diarrhea, nausea, and vomiting; grade 4 AEs were infrequent. Additional measures will be taken to improve gastrointestinal tolerability. Single-agent OPZ continues to have promising antitumor activity. Enrollment of pts with MM is continuing on the phase 2 study in both treatment schedules. Extended-release OPZ tablets will be introduced and assessed for safety, activity, and pharmacokinetics. Updated results will be presented at the meeting. Disclosures Vij:Celgene: Honoraria, Research Funding; Onyx: Honoraria, Research Funding; Sanofi: Honoraria; Jannsen: Honoraria; Novartis: Honoraria; Millennium: Honoraria; Array: Honoraria. Off Label Use: Carfilzomib as treatment in multiple myeloma and solid tumors. Savona:Incyte: Membership on an entity9s Board of Directors or advisory committees; Gilead: Membership on an entity9s Board of Directors or advisory committees; Karyopharm: Consultancy, Equity Ownership, Membership on an entity9s Board of Directors or advisory committees; Celgene: Membership on an entity9s Board of Directors or advisory committees. Siegel:Celgene: Honoraria, Speakers Bureau; Onyx: Honoraria, Speakers Bureau; Millennium: Honoraria, Speakers Bureau. Kaufman:Millennium: Consultancy, Honoraria; Celgene: Consultancy, Honoraria, Research Funding; Novartis: Consultancy, Honoraria, Research Funding; Onyx: Consultancy, Honoraria, Research Funding; Janssen: Consultancy, Honoraria; Spectrum: Consultancy, Honoraria; Merck: Research Funding. Ghobrial:BMS: Advisory Board Other; Celgene: Advisory Board, Advisory Board Other; Millennium: Advisory Board, Advisory Board Other; Onyx: Advisory Board, Advisory Board Other. Paner:Celgene Corporation: Honoraria. Jagannath:Millenium: Honoraria; Celgene: Honoraria; Onyx: Honoraria; Merck: Honoraria; Ortho: Membership on an entity9s Board of Directors or advisory committees; im: Membership on an entity9s Board of Directors or advisory committees; Medicom Worldwide: Membership on an entity9s Board of Directors or advisory committees; Optum Health Worldwide: Membership on an entity9s Board of Directors or advisory committees; PER group: Membership on an entity9s Board of Directors or advisory committees. Jakubowiak:BMS: Advisory Board Other, Consultancy, Honoraria; Celgene: Advisory Board, Speaking, Advisory Board, Speaking Other, Consultancy, Honoraria; Janssen: Advisory Board, Speaking, Advisory Board, Speaking Other, Consultancy, Honoraria; Millennium: Advisory Board, Advisory Board Other, Consultancy, Honoraria; Novartis: Advisory Board Other, Honoraria; Onyx: Advisory Board, Speaking Other, Consultancy, Honoraria; Skyline Dx: Advisory Board Other, Honoraria. Mikhael:Onyx: Research Funding; Celgene: Research Funding; Sanofi: Research Funding; Novartis: Research Funding. Kapoor:Onyx: Membership on an entity9s Board of Directors or advisory committees, Research Funding. Neuman:Onyx: Employment. Lee:Onyx Pharmaceuticals, an Amgen subsidiary: Employment.


Vinylogous aldol condensation on some dihydropirimidine (DHPM) derivatives has been successfully performed using p-toluenesulfonic acid as a Brønsted acid catalyst. The pure products could be obtained without further purification. Employing this method, 20 styryldihydropyrimidine derivatives have been successfully synthesized wherein 19 of them are new compounds. The structures of the reaction products were elucidated by spectroscopic methods (IR, NMR, MS), while their cytotoxic activities were determined toward two cancer cell lines HeLa and MCF-7. Some compounds showed high activity better than doxorubicin as a positive control.


 Abstract : Trade credit is a strategic tool in the hands of the company. Favourable payment terms are the competitive advantage for the company. On the other hand, negatives of providing trade credits have to be seen. This is particularly the risk of late payments or non-payments, also additional costs associated with the receivables management and the fact that the capital tied in receivables does not bring a yield to the company. Receivables management is an important tool for the elimination of payment risk. Thus it constitutes an essential part of the financial management of each company. Trade receivables are an inherent part of the current assets. Provision trade credits should not be granted. It should be a premeditated move on the basis of credit standing of potential clients. Credit evaluation is performed on the basis of recommended indicators. The aim of the paper is to test the existence of a statistically significant relationship between the quick ratio and selected financial


This paper deals with the study of Brassolis saphorae L., measurement. In the various adult specimens of B. sophorae L., the following determination has been accomplished: longitude/width ratio (of front and hind wings) and breadth of the wings. It was not seen a good concordance between front wings longitude and breadth of the wings. The longitude/width ratio has had small variation.


Two new ways of controlling molecular processes are proposed . One is to sweep laser frequency and/or intensity at avoided crossings among dressed states to control nonadiabatic transitions there. The second is to use the intriguing phenomenon of complete reflection in the nonadiabatic tunneling type transition in the timeindependent framework . The newly completed semiclassical theory of nonadiabatic transitions can give a nice analytical formulation for these.


For some time now "Rondellen", a roundabout just outside Folkets Park in Malmo, has been a place where drug transactions are taking place out in the open street. Buyers know that sellers will be there for a quick and easy transaction in a central part of Malmo. But why are the transactions taking place just there? A lot of people are passing by who can watch them trade or the police can come around at any time. It seems like an unsafe place for the people doing the illegal activities. This thesis will investigate what the spatial factors that makes a place attractive as a sales location for narcotics are by looking at theories and prior research in both criminology and economic geography. By doing interviews with informants from different backgrounds and analyzing them together with the theory the thesis will try to identify the spatial factors that makes up why Rondellen has become an attractive place for doing drug transactions. The study will show that the spatial factors that makes a place attractive as a sales location for narcotics are both physical and abstract. The topographic position in absolute space, the places' spatial organization in the mental space and also how the socially produced space is divided between the social actors using the place are all explanations to why Rondellen is more attractive than other places as an attractive spot for drug transactions. (Less)


. Multi-party private set union (MPSU) allows k ( k ≥ 3) parties, each holding a dataset of known size, to compute the union of their sets without revealing any additional information. Although two-party PSU has made rapid progress in recent years, applying its effective techniques to the multi-party setting would render information leakage and thus cannot be directly extended. Existing MPSU protocols heavily rely on computationally expensive public-key operations or generic secure multi-party computation techniques, which are not scalable. In this work, we present a new efficient framework of MPSU from multi-party secret-shared shuffle and a newly introduced protocol called multi-query secret-shared private membership test (mq-ssPMT). Our MPSU is mainly based on symmetric-key operations and is secure against any semi-honest adversary that does not corrupt the leader and clients simultaneously. We also propose new frameworks for computing other multi-party private set operations (MPSO), such as the intersection, and the cardinality of the union and the intersection, meeting the same security requirements. Wedemonstrate the scalability of our MPSU protocol with an implementation and a comparison with the state-of-the-art MPSU. Experiments show that when computing on datasets of 2 10 elements, our protocol is 109 × faster than the state-of-the-art MPSU, and the improvement becomes more significant as the set size increases. To the best of our knowledge, ours is the first protocol that reports on large-size experiments. For 7 parties with datasets of 2 20 elements each, our protocol requires only 46 seconds.


Inputs of a plurality of images constituting a group of images of items regarded as non-defective items are accepted and stored, and a defect threshold for detecting a defective portion of an inspection object and a determination threshold for making a non-defective/defective determination are set based on the plurality of stored images. A defective item image which is an image of an item determined as a defective item is previously stored and when an input of an image newly acquired by capturing an inspection object is accepted, non-defective item learning processing is performed by use of a plurality of stored images including the image whose input has been accepted, to at least reset the defect threshold. A defective portion is re-detected based on the reset defect threshold, to determine whether or not the stored defective item image is an image of a defective item based on the set determination threshold.


OBJECTIVE
To present current recommendations for cardiovascular disease risk reduction in women.

DATA SOURCES
Medline databases were searched from 1990 to 2006 using keywords women and cardiovascular risk, hypertension, cholesterol, and hormone replacement therapy, as well as Web sites from scientific associations such as the American Heart Association, American College of Cardiology, Agency for Health Research and Quality, and the Centers for Disease Control for relevant scientific statements and guidelines.

STUDY SELECTION
Randomized controlled trials, particularly those that have influenced current practice recommendations, scientific statements, and clinical practice guidelines were selected.

DATA EXTRACTION AND SYNTHESIS
Factors contributing to women's particular risk and current practice recommendations.

CONCLUSIONS
Current research has clarified the importance of regular exercise (at least 30 minutes/day most days of the week); abstinence from smoking; a diet focused on whole grains, fruits, vegetables, and low-fat protein sources; and maintenance of normal weight. This lifestyle combined with a partnership with a health care provider to maintain a normal blood pressure (115/75 mm Hg) and optimal lipoproteins through pharmacotherapy when indicated can prevent 82% of cardiovascular disease events in women.


Bacterial growth is remarkably robust to environmental fluctuations, yet the mechanisms of growth-rate homeostasis are poorly understood. Here, we combine theory and experiment to infer mechanisms by which Escherichia coli adapts its growth rate in response to changes in osmolarity, a fundamental physicochemical property of the environment. The central tenet of our theoretical model is that cell-envelope expansion is only sensitive to local information such as enzyme concentrations, cell-envelope curvature, and mechanical strain in the envelope. We constrained this model with quantitative measurements of the dynamics of E. coli elongation rate and cell width after hyperosmotic shock. Our analysis demonstrated that adaptive cell-envelope softening is a key process underlying growth-rate homeostasis. Furthermore, our model correctly predicted that softening does not occur above a critical hyperosmotic shock magnitude and precisely recapitulated the elongation-rate dynamics in response to shocks with magnitude larger than this threshold. Finally, we found that to coordinately achieve growth-rate and cell-width homeostasis, cells employ direct feedback between cell-envelope curvature and envelope expansion. In sum, our analysis points to new cellular mechanisms of bacterial growth-rate homeostasis and provides a practical theoretical framework for understanding this process. Significance Statement The bacterial cell envelope is the critical structure that defines cell size and shape, and its expansion therefore defines cell growth. Although size, shape, and growth rate are important cellular variables that are robust to environmental fluctuations, the feedback mechanisms by which these variables influence cell-envelope expansion are unknown. Here, we explore how E. coli cells achieve growth-rate and cell-width homeostasis during fluctuations in osmolarity, a key environmental property. A biophysical model in which the cell envelope softens after an osmotic shock and envelope expansion depends directly on local curvature quantitatively recapitulated all experimental observations. Our study elucidates new mechanisms of bacterial cell morphogenesis and highlights the deep interplay between global cellular variables and the mechanisms of cell-envelope expansion.


The article examines the main stages in the development of nuclear missile programs of the United States of America from the moment of their development to the modern period. In the course of the research, general scientific research methods were used, as well as logical methods and empirical methods. In particular, historical methods of scientific knowledge, comparative methods, methods of deduction and induction were used, historical reconstruction and analytical interpretation of the development of US nuclear missile programs were carried out. The main factors that influenced the features of various stages of the formation and development of nuclear missile programs in different periods of the Republican and Democratic rule are presented. The main characteristics of the stages of development of nuclear missile programs in North American military doctrines are shown during the periods of domination of various political ideologies. Particular attention is focused on the periods of the presidency of the presidents of the Democratic and Republican parties, the differences in the development of these programs. The article substantiates that the development of American nuclear missile programs is a complex and important scientific problem, given the presence in the United States of the status of the most powerful state in world politics. It has been substantiated that this factor is one of the main reasons for its influence in world political processes in the conditions of post-bipolar development of international relations. It has been proved that the dynamics of the development of US nuclear missile programs was influenced by security factors that were formed in the process of aggravating international relations with states with nuclear potential, trying to influence world politics, as well as in the context of strengthening the fight against international terrorism. It is shown that at the present stage, in comparison with the initial period, the deterrence criterion is fundamental in the US nuclear missile political doctrine, due to the fundamental transformation of the American military doctrine.


to explore the impact that such massive importation of western arms and methods of military organisation had on a non-western society. Finally, while some unfortunate, but easily remedied errors such as rendering Kursk as 'Kurst' detract from an otherwise delightful read, it is the complete lack of visual media that is a significant shortcoming. Whether by choice of the author or the press, the target audience has been short-changed. The volume begs illustrations, maps, doctrinal schematics, and especially pictures of the various platforms ships, aircraft, tanks, et cetera that the author makes reference to. Such an addition would clarify how his analysis of technological developments, the choices that states made in the type and number of platforms they deployed, and the ways in which societies chose to employ men and machines shaped their military modernisation. These criticisms aside, the strengths of this book significantly outweigh its flaws. This work and its companion volume will undoubtedly become valued references for modern historians of war and society.


As the popularity of recreational gaming increases worldwide, so does controversy over casino introduction in Taiwan. On the Penghu Archipelago, Taiwan's most likely candidate for casino development, projected economic benefits are countered by social welfare concerns. The Modified SMART‐SWOT method—used here to evaluate the potential strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats associated with gaming—indicates that building casinos in the Penghu Archipelago will require: (1) emphasis on the quality of life of the Penghu Archipelago residents, (2) international tourism advancement, (3) development of strategies for casino promotion, and (4) enactment of managerial laws and regulations specific to casinos in the Penghu Archipelago. The Modified SMART‐SWOT method can also be employed to compare and rank alternative casino locations.


Modeling of phenomena is increasingly being used to obtain an understanding of important physical events as well as to predict properties that can be directly tied to experimental data. For systems with relatively low densities of particles, the Direct Simulation Monte Carlo (DSMC) method is well suited for modeling gases with non-equilibrium distributions, coupled gasdynamic and reaction effects, emission and absorption of radiation. On the other hand, if the density of particles is large such as in dense gases or condensed matter, the DSMC method is not appropriate and techniques such as molecular dynamics (MD) simulations are employed. There are phenomena such as laser ablation, however, in which the system evolves from a condensed state appropriate to be studied with MD to an expanding rarified gas appropriate to be studied with DSMC. The work presented here discusses the means of transferring information from a MD simulation of laser ablation to a DSMC simulation of the plume expansion. The presence of clusters in the MD output poses the main computational challenge. When the laser fluence is above the ablation threshold, the cluster size distribution is very broad (up to 10,'000's of particles per cluster) but there are relatively few of each cluster size. We have developed a method for statistical processing of the MD results and have represented the cluster size as a random variable. Various aspects of the coupling between the MD and DSMC models are discussed and several examples are presented.


This paper describes the inspect process of introducing vector data into database,and take the example as building database in Nanjing planning bureau.Firstly,the paper summarize the status of vector topography such as standards and definitions.Then introduces the content of data inspection and makes a summarization.


Abstract In the socialist East European countries there is no uniform approach to global processes. The idea of external—in relation to the socialist economy—sources of global challenges affecting the world economy seems to prevail. According to this point of view, those problems result from the spreading of negative effects of the capitalist relations of production and their respective economic relations shaped by the laws of the market. According to this approach, as a planned system, the socialist economy is capable of eliminating most of the global challenges, especially such ones as hunger and malnutrition, unemployment, illiteracy, as well as many other shortcomings of the capitalist path of development. In this approach global challenges are therefore entirely interpreted as external constraints of the socialist economy. The second approach, which regards global challenges as an outcome of changing conditions of economic activity in today's world, identifies them with the effects of the development...


The present study deals with the effect of saw dust ash (SDA) as an alternative filler and recycled asphalt pavement (RAP) material in bituminous concrete (BC). Several physical and chemical experiments were performed to characterize the SDA and RAP material according to the standard specifications. To execute such study, virgin aggregate and RAP were blended as 100:0, 90:10, 80:20, 70:30, 60:40, 50:50, 40:60, 25 :75, 0 :100% and 8% SDA was used as filler to prepare the BC mix. In this study, 2% ordinary Portland cement (OPC-43) was utilized to prepare the control mix. However, to quantify the performance of RAP and 8% SDA in the BC mix, several Marshall properties, and the performances criterion against various distress (rutting, cracking, and moisture susceptibility) were conducted. The experimental results reveal that 60% RAP-8%SDA enriched BC mix shows superior rutting, cracking, and moisture resistance potency with the highest structural integrity of 82.10%. Since the dominant percent of calcium oxide mineral present in that filler reacts with the dipolar carboxylic acid which already exists in an aged binder and thus the adhesive property of the binder in the BC is improved significantly.


The utility model discloses a partial derivation control ball valve which can reduce the friction of a control valve to the minimum, improve control property and use life and has convenient and flexible operation. The utility model adopts the following technical scheme: the partial derivation control ball valve comprises an upper valve rod, a lower valve rod, an upper bearing, a lower bearing, a valve body, a spring, a gland, a valve core and a valve seat, and is characterized in that the valve core and the valve body are eccentric, and can contact only in the opening less than five DEG in the opening and closing; the valve seat is a movable valve seat; a pre-tightening spring enabling the valve seat to tightly cling to the valve core is arranged between the valve body and the valve seat; and a sealing pieces is arranged on the combined surface of the valve body and the valve seat.


Objective: To determine the effect of a request form, together with removal of proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) from ward stock, on concordance between use of PPIs and prescribing guidelines, and compare the results with a previous non‐interventional audit.


Inter-cell Interference (ICI) in multi-cell wireless networks is a major limitation in the performance of these networks. The number of sources of ICI increases in the relaybased wireless networks due to an increase in the number of transmitting nodes in the form of relays. In this paper, we analyze, highlight and briefly describe the effects of ICI in relay networks under different relaying topologies. Our analysis is focused on both One-way relaying (OWR) and Two-way Relaying (TWR) networks with Amplify and Forward (AF) protocol. Furthermore, two types of AF-based TWR are known TWR-Analog Network Coding (ANC) and TWRTime Division Broadcast (TDBC) protocols are also considered. Simulation analysis on ICI in both OWR and TWR networks is done using MATLAB platform. Index Terms – Relay Networks, Inter-cell Interference, Relay Protocols, Cooperative Network, Multi-cell Networks.


A compression driver is a moving coil type of electrodynamic loudspeaker driver with a phase plug in front of the diaphragm. The narrow slits in the phase plug call for a simulation model which incorporates viscous and thermal behaviour in air. The viscosity in the air and the high thermal conductivity at the boundary cause damping, affecting the vibroacoustic behaviour of the system. The model also includes porous acoustics since the driver has a foam plug in the rear chamber. In this paper a 4" compression driver is simulated using a fully coupled finite element approach, including the viscothermal behaviour. Measured and simulated responses for the sound pressure level and the impedance are compared. The model does not contain any approximations regarding the geometry of the driver and no tampering of the results has been done in order to improve the agreement between measured and simulated results.


A fluidized bed reactor pyrolysis process with recycled non-condensable gases was designed for a capacity of 5 kg/h based on previous basic studies of key parts. The main components of the pyrolysis process were introduced, and the performance was appraised. Initial experiments were conducted between 450 °C and 550 °C to characterize the bio-oil at different temperatures, using non-condensable gas as fluidizing medium. Simultaneously, the contents and higher heating value of non-condensable gases were determined. The results showed that the excellent efficiency of cooling and of capturing the organic compounds, contributing to a high yield of bio-oil and clean non-condensable gases. At 500 °C, the highest yield of bio-oil reached 55.6 wt%, and the yields of bio-char and gas were 23.4 wt% and 21 wt%, respectively. Non-condensable gas not only carried the organic compounds, but also participated in fast pyrolysis. However, temperature was the major factor affecting the chemical components of bio-oil. The heavy bio-oil mainly included long chain macromolecules and phenols. Higher temperature favored degradation and gas purification.


There are several techniques for image recognition. Among those methods including soft computing techniques increasingly used for image processing applications. The aim of this work is to apply the intelligent algorithms and the image processing for the mobile robot navigation. The main objective to obtain a minimum error by using the neural networks to perform the image processing. The latter is necessary to determine the position of the obstacle and to predict the reaction of the mobile robot.


: The Gulf Stream (GS) plays a key role in shaping the North Atlantic climate. Moreover, the associated sea surface temperature (SST) front undergoes interannual-to-decadal variability that is thought to force signi fi cant atmospheric circulation anomalies. However, general circulation models do not accurately reproduce the atmospheric response to SST front variability as estimated from observations. In this work we analyze the atmospheric response to the GS SST front (GSF) shifts in a multimodel ensemble of atmosphere-only simulations forced with observed SSTs (1950 – 2014). The atmospheric response is found to be resolution dependent. Only the high-resolution simulations produce a wintertime re- sponse similar to observed anomalies. More speci fi cally, (i) analysis of the atmospheric thermodynamic balance close to the GSF showed that the anomalous diabatic heating associated to the GSF displacement is mainly balanced by vertical motion and by meridional transient eddy heat transport (not the case for low-resolution models), while (ii) the large-scale response includes a meridional shift of the North Atlantic eddy-driven jet and storm track homodirectional to the GSF dis- placement. This atmospheric response is accompanied by changes in low-level baroclinicity close to and north of the GSF, resulting from the oceanic forcing and the zonal atmospheric circulation anomalies respectively. The low-level baroclinicity anomalies lead to changes in baroclinic eddy activity and, ultimately, in the jet via eddy – mean fl ow interaction. Considering the two-way nature of air – sea interactions, using historical atmosphere-only simulations is a powerful way to isolate the impact of realistic oceanic variability on the atmosphere. Our results suggest that interannual-to-decadal predictability may be higher than what low-resolution models currently indicate.


The core of my work focuses on the evolutionary forces that act on the structure of the genome. In particular, I study the evolution of three fundamental aspects of any genome: (1) the number of copies of each gene present, (2) the number of chromosomes within the genome, and (3) recombination rates among genes. My research uses mathematical models to determine how selection acts on the genomic variation produced by mutations to shape the changes that occur over time in these fundamentally important biological characteristics. Abstract Genomes vary dramatically in size and in content. This variation is driven in part by numerous polyploidization events that have happened over the course of eukaryotic evolution. Experimental evolution studies, primarily using the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, provide insights into the immediate fitness effects of ploidy mutations, the ability of organisms of different ploidy levels to mask deleterious mutations, the impact of ploidy on rates of adaptation, and the relative roles of selection versus drift in shaping ploidy evolution. We review these experimental evolution studies and present new data on differences in maximal growth rate for cells of different ploidy levels. Humans have long marveled at the incredible diversity present in the natural world for a number of phenotypic traits (e.g., body structures and size, method of locomotion, thermal tolerance, etc.). Genetic analyses have revealed that such diversity also extends to the level of the genome, with variation in genome size, chromosome number, gene order, and content observed among even closely related species. These observations have raised questions about the causes of and constraints on genomic diversity. Experimental evolution with single-celled microbes offers the opportunity to witness evolutionary shifts in genomic diversity over short periods of time as thousands of cell generations can be tracked over the course of a single year. In addition, by manipulating the genome and determining the consequences , studies with microbes promise to shed light on the selective forces acting on genomic variation. In this paper, we describe results of experimental evolution studies exploring genome size evolution and report some new results on the evolution of maximal growth rates as a function of ploidy. Our focus is on studies that have examined transitions among ploidy levels as well as the evolutionary consequences of ploidy, defined as the number of copies of homologous chromosomes carried by an organism. Lest we view ''The Causes of Evolution'' as different in kind between genomic …


Introduction: Using Tamoxifen as anti-hormonal therapy, for breast cancer patients who are oestrogen-receptor positive (ER+), .is well reported in significantly improving their survival rate. However, the development of resistance to Tamoxifen limits its clinical benefit, as a primary therapy and disease reoccurrence. This therapeutic failure has revived interest in the breast cancer stem cell (BCSC). Stem cell is known to be resistant to antihormonal therapy. Stemness" genes expression increases in undifferentiated cells and invasive cancer. However, the role of their expression in breast cancer is still poorly defined. The aim of this study, therefore, was to examine the role of stemness proteins in breast cancer cell lines and anti-hormonal therapy resistance.

Method: MCF-7, MCF-7/tamoxifen resistant (TAMR) and MDA-MB238 cells were cultured, with relevant hormonal therapy to calculate ED50 and incubated in 5% CO2 incubator at 37°C. Quantitative and qualitative immunophenotyping of cells was achieved using fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC) labelled antibodies reactive with NANOG, SOX2, OCT4 and CD44.

Result: MDA-MB238 cells showed significant expression of NANOG (70%), CD44 (85%) SOX2 (68%) and OCT3-4 (50%) compared with MCF-7(12%, 4%, 15% and 10% respectively). However the MCF-7 TAMR demonstrated lower expression of NANOG (45%), CD44 (60%), SOX2 (60%) and OCT3/4 (55%) compared with MDA-MB238.

Conclusion: Stemness proteins are highly expressed in breast cancer cells resistant to tamoxifen therapy. There is association between the expression of Stemness proteins level and the development and progression of breast cancer resistance to tamoxifen therapy


This paper deals with a parametric study on boot-shaped ribs in a rectangular cooling channel. Numerical analysis of the flow and heat transfer was performed using three-dimensional Reynolds averaged Navier-Stokes equations with the Speziale, Sarkar and Gatski turbulence model. The parametric study was performed for the parameters, tip width-to rib width, tip height-to-rib height, rib height-to-channel height, and rib height-to-width ratios. To assess the cooling performance and friction loss, Numsselt number and friction factor were defined as the performance parameter, respectively. The results showed that the cooling performance and friction loss were seriously affected by the four geometric parameters.


Background: Whilst research has focused on young people's (YP's) experience and understanding of the Emotional Literacy Support Assistant (ELSA) phenomenon (Begley, 2015), the ELSA intervention (Barker, 2017) and YP's perception of the effectiveness of the intervention (Hills, 2016), it has not yet considered the experience or 'journey' through the intervention from the YP's perspective. / Aims: This study therefore aims to gain an understanding of how the YP experiences the ELSA intervention. Sample: Four YP in years seven and eight and three ELSAs were interviewed. Eight ELSAs also took part in a focus group. Methods: The research was conducted using a qualitative, in-depth multiple case study design and involved semi-structured interviews, drawing tasks, diaries and a focus group. / Findings: YP reported that the qualities of their ELSAs and the relationship they develop are important to their experience of the intervention and help them to meet their targets. They said that the relationship grew stronger over time and made them


Irradiation of tetrachloro- and tetrafluoro-phthalonitriles in the presence of anisole, 1,3-dimethoxy-benzene, or 1,4-dimethoxybenzene, led to formation of biaryls; a similar process occurred with mixtures of 1,4-dimethoxybenzene and 2- or 4-chlorobenzonitrile, but not 3-chlorobenzonitrile.


The degree of ripening of vegetables, fruits and berries affects their preservation. It is not possible to detect the degree of ripening of parsnip by the size of a root crop, since growing conditions and agricultural technology play significant role in this case. It is difficult to distinguish taste and texture of parsnips with a growing season from 120 to 180 days. Therefore, the influence of the degree of ripening on the preservation quality of parsnip root crops is of great practical interest. We substantiated theoretically and confirmed experimentally the smallest mass loss (5.0–6.7 %) and the highest preservation quality (93.3–90.3 %) in parsnips with a growing season of 150 days. Within the growing season of 140–175 days, growing season duration affects preservation of parsnip root crops by 21.0 % more, characteristics of a variety ‒ only by 1.1 %, the interaction of the studied factors – by 68 %, other factors (weather conditions, growing technology) ‒ by 9.9 %. We found that diseases affected unwashed root crops stored in open boxes by 0.7 % more than washed ones. Storing of washed root crops in plastic bags increased their proneness to diseases by almost 3.5 times than unwashed ones. Dry substances accumulated from 24.1 % in root crops of parsnip (in the Petrik variety) to 27.7 % (in the Student variety). We noticed the high content of dry substances in the Boris variety ‒ 25.8 %. The Petrik variety contained 1.2 % of monosaccharides, 3.7 % of sucrose, and 5.0 % of total sugars. The total sugar content in the Boris variety of 5.4 % was at the level of control. The largest total amount of sugars was contained in the roots for the Student variety ‒ 5.7 %. We established that the lowest content of vitamin C in root crops was in the Petrik variety ‒ 9.9 mg/100 g, the content of vitamin C was 10.1 and 10.2 mg/100 g in the Boris and Student varieties, respectively. The nitrate content in parsnip roots was low for the Student variety ‒ 60 mg/kg, and it was the highest for the Boris variety ‒ 100 mg/kg. We established that the mass loss of parsnip root crops depends on storage conditions by 33 %, peculiarities of a variety affects only 1 %, an influence of the interaction of factors (storage conditions, peculiarities of a variety) ‒ by 64 %, other factors ‒ 2 %. The use of a polyethylene film for packaging reduces the mass loss of root crops of the Petrik variety parsnip by 2.1–4.7 times, the Student variety by 1.9–3.7 times, the Boris variety – by 2.3–3.1 times comparing to the storage of root crops in open boxes.


Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138~Received 17 August 1999; published 14 January 2000!We describe a versatile method for slowing molecules ~or atoms! which relies on high-field-seeking statescreated by the polarizability interaction with a nonresonant laser field. A pulsed supersonic beam expansion isemployed to precool the molecules internally and to narrow their velocity spread. The molecules are scoopedat right angles by a nonresonant laser beam steered by a scanner and decelerated on a circular path by graduallyreducing the beam's angular speed.PACS number~s!: 32.80.Pj, 33.80.Ps, 33.55.Be, 39.10.1j


The Czochralski (CZ) silicon single crystal growth process is a dynamic time-varying process with the multi-field, multi-phase strong coupling, nonlinear and large delay. The traditional mechanism modeling method is difficult to accomplish. To solve this problem, a hybrid modeling method combining mechanism-driven and data-driven is proposed. Firstly, according to the fluid dynamics and geometric relationship at the meniscus during crystal growth, a mechanism-driven model (MDM) of crystal diameter was constructed. Secondly, a deep learning SAE-ELM data-driven model (DDM) based on industrial process data is established by combining the stack autoencoder (SAE) and extreme learning machine (ELM) to compensate the unmodeled dynamics of the crystal diameter MDM, to improve the accuracy of the crystal diameter MDM. Here, ELM is used in the regression layer of SAE, and its purpose is to perform regression prediction on the data feature information extracted by SAE. Considering that the SAE-ELM network involves multiple model parameters, this paper uses the gray wolf optimization algorithm (GWO) to optimize the model parameters to obtain the best prediction performance. Then, the crystal diameter MDM and SAE-ELM DDM are connected in parallel to establish a hybrid model(MDM-SAE-ELM) of CZ silicon single crystal diameter, which takes into account both interpretations and accuracy. Finally, several experiments based on industrial process data verify the effectiveness of the proposed method.


The cytotoxic activity of lymphoid cells from allogeneic tumor-sensitized mice in three different strain combinations was tested at various intervals after i.p. sensitization. Peritoneal cells (PC) gave the highest cytotoxic index. The cytotoxic activity of the PC was due to both peritoneal lymphocytes (PL) and peritoneal macrophages (PM). Splenic macrophages, on the other hand, exerted an inhibitory effect as evidenced by increased cytotoxic activity of spleen treated with antimacrophage serum (AMS). Increased cytotoxic activity was also found in: (1) the nonadherent fraction of spleen after absorption on glass; (2) the effluent fraction of spleen after nylon wool column filtration; and (3) the medium density band after centrifugation of spleen on a discontinuous bovine serum albumin gradient. The results suggest the presence of an AMS-sensitive, glass- and nylon wool-adherent spleen cell which could have a suppressor role in allogeneic tumor-sensitized mice.


Adenosine deaminase (ADA) activity measurement and C-reactive protein (C-RP) detection were done in CSF of 27 tuberculous meningitis (TBM) and 8 patients of partially treated bacterial meningitis, apart from routine biochemical tests. Both the groups had comparable CSF cell count, protein and sugar concentrations. The mean CSF ADA activity was significantly raised in TBM as compared to partially treated bacterial meningitis patients (p < 0.05). A cut-off ADA level < or = 5 IU/L and C-RP positively were used for differentiation of partially treated bacterial from TBM cases. Based on this, the sensitivity and specificity of ADA and C-RP were 62.5%, 88.9% and 75%, 100%, respectively. Since both the tests are simple and take lesser time to perform, they can be used as rapid diagnostic tests to remove diagnostic dilemma between the two diseases.


An investigation was made of the kinetics of pyrolytic precipitation of gold from eight different triphenylphosphine complexes. The precipitation was initiated by copper vapor laser radiation at the interface between a solution of an organometallic compound and a solid. The temperatures for activation of the decomposition of the investigated Au complexes, dissolved in dimethylformamide, were determined: Tα = 1800–9400 K.


Group theory is introduced into the calculation of photonic band gap with the plane wave expansion method, and improved calculation formulae are derived. Both the analysis and the practical band gap calculation for an exemplary twodimensional case have shown that, as compared with the conventional plane wave method, the group theory based improved algorithm can substantially release memoryspace requirement and reduce computational time.


Removing heat from mass cement concrete footings during initial construction is vital to ensure the quality of the footings after curing. When the temperature of concrete exceeds 70°C, heat released from the hydration of cement can initiate microscopic cracks that may grow larger during or after curing. The temperature of a mass concrete structure can be controlled by various means, depending on the situation. With temperature data collected from a large footing for a bridge column of the ongoing I-580/I-680 Interchange Project, temperature variations were modeled with time and location in a large concrete footing by means of the Fourie–Biot heat conduction equation. Agreement between analytic predictions and field data was found for the physical parameters characterizing the reactions and material properties of the concrete. Possible ways of lowering the concrete temperature are suggested for the future San Francisco–Oakland Bay Bridge East Spans Project.


Water is an essential requirement in agricultural production. Water resources in India at present face many challenges, including increasing demands in many sectors it is important to judiciously use the already existing water resources by using suitable irrigation technology that not only increases vegetable production per unit area but also per unit of water used. Thus, a scientific and efficient management of water is needed especially in hot dry months of pre-monsoon period, to enhance water productivity and yield of crop especially vegetables (Bozkurt and Ozekici, 2006; Changade et al., 2009; Kaushal et al., 2012 and Kumari, 2014).


A young trial lawyer will soon come to understand that some stories are likely to be believed while others are not, and the factor which sets them apart is not to do with fact or with falsehood.


We develop a new metric, relative critical value deviation (RCVD), for classifying and predicting software quality. The RCVD is based on the concept that the extent to which a metric's value deviates from its critical value, normalized by the scale of the metric, indicates the degree to which the item being measured does not conform to a specified norm. For example, the deviation in body temperature above 98.6 Fahrenheit degrees is a surrogate for fever. Similarly, the RCVD is a surrogate for the extent to which the quality of software deviates from acceptable norms (e.g., zero discrepancy reports). Early in development, surrogate metrics are needed to make predictions of quality before quality data are available. The RCVD can be computed for a single metric or multiple metrics. Its application is in assessing newly developed modules by their quality in the absence of quality data. The RCVD is a part of the larger framework of our measurement models that include the use of Boolean discriminant functions for classifying software quality. We demonstrate our concepts using Space Shuttle flight software data.


Objective To evaluate the vascular endothelial diastolic changes in patients with coronary heart diseases (CHD) by measuring brachial artery diameter with ultrasound. Methods Patients with stable angina pectoris , unstable angina pectoris, acute myocardial infarction and normal controls were enrolled in this study. Flow-mediate dilation (FMD) and Nitroglycerin-mediated dilation (NMD) in the brachial artery were evaluated by high resolution ultrasound. Results FMD was significantly decreased in all CHD groups than that in control group(P0. 05) ,and there was no significant difference of NMD between stable angina pectoris group and control group (P0. 05) , while NMD in unstable angina pectoris group and acute myocardial infarction group was significantly lower than that in stable angina pectoris group and control group (P0. 05). Conclusion Endothelial diastolic function is impaired in patients with CHD, and this damage is gradually aggravated.


There is little agreement on the best method for following women who have had breast-conserving surgery for treatment of breast cancer. Although mammography is useful in detecting unpalpable malignant disease in the untreated breast, in the surgically treated breast, abnormalities that are the result of surgery are difficult to differentiate from changes due to the presence of tumor. Both false-positive and false-negative reports increase. This article presents the results of a 5-year mammographic surveillance of 695 women who had undergone breast conservation surgery. The ability of mammographic surveillance to detect early breast cancer recurrence and the ramifications of false-positive and -negative readings were investigated. Of 2300 patients treated for breast cancer between 1990 and 1995 at the Aberdeen Royal Infirmary, 695 (30%) received breast-conserving surgical treatment followed by radiation. After surgery, patients were seen for clinical examination at 3- to 4-month intervals for 2 years, at 6 months intervals for 3 years, and then yearly. Bilateral mammography was performed once each year with the results classified as indicative of recurrence, indeterminate, or no evidence of suspicious features. All patients have been followed for at least 2 years (average, 3.5 years; range, 2-7 years). In all, a total of 2181 follow-up mammograms have been performed. During follow-up, two breast cancers were found in the untreated breast. Twenty-one (3%) of the women developed a local recurrence at the site of the original tumor. Eleven of these recurrences (52%) were discovered by clinical examination, and 10 (48%) were first detected by mammography. Three patients were diagnosed by both methods. In all, mammography correctly identified local recurrence in 13 patients (65%), but in 8 patients recurrences (35%) were diagnosed only clinically. Thus, of the total number of 2181 mammograms, recurrent cancer was detected in only 0.6%. Fifty-two women had positive mammograms that could not be confirmed by biopsy or cytology, resulting in false-positive rate of 2.3% for the surveillance mammographies.


The purpose of this study was to investigate the gelling properties by determine the influence of different factors on gelling strength of polysaccharides from Enteromorpha prolifera (EP).The results showed that gelling strength of polysaccharides was in direct interrelation with the temperature,the extraction time,the radio of water to materia1,metal ions and so on.The gelling properties of polysaccharides was best with extraction temperature 100 ℃,the radio of water to materia1 1:20(m:V),extraction time 90 min and 10% potassium chloride gelling at room temperature.


The utility model relates to a fitness equipment barbell protective device. Based on the existing fitness, a fitness equipment barbell is safer and more reassuring to use. The fitness equipment barbell protective device comprises a tensioning wheel, a speed governor wheel, a speed governor, a barbell rod, a pair of safety tongs, a speed governor rope and a guide rail. The fitness equipment barbell protective device is simple in theory and overall design, takes advantages of the functions of the speed governor and the safety tongs, enables the barbell to stop on the guide rail through the governor, and therefore protects people from the harm of the barbell. All the structures of the fitness equipment barbell protective device fully take the man-machine relationship into account and embody humanization.


This study aimed at evaluating different kinds of cutting with variable bud number on rooting, budding percentage and development of grapes scions stock cv. IAC 572. A trial was carried out in a nursery at Embrapa in Petrolina, Brazil, in a randomized design, with four replications and five treatments, with 25 cuttings each plot. The treatments are the following: 1) Three bud ligneous cutting; 2) Two bud ligneous cutting; 3) One bud ligneous cutting; 4)Two bud herbaceous cutting and 5) One bud herbaceous cutting. At 60 days after planting, three bud ligneous cutting presented the greatest percentages of rooting (99%) and budding (99%) and best development of shoots and roots. However, these results are not significantly different (p>0.5) to the values obtained to rooting and budding using one bud ligneous cutting.


Thank you for downloading understanding computers and cognition a new foundation for design. As you may know, people have look numerous times for their favorite books like this understanding computers and cognition a new foundation for design, but end up in malicious downloads. Rather than reading a good book with a cup of tea in the afternoon, instead they juggled with some malicious bugs inside their desktop computer.


This article is devoted to the types of nutritional support for patients during the period of radiation and chemoradiotherapy and the nurse's daily support during hospitalization in order to improve patients' health and stabilize the course of the disease.


Carried out was an assessment of the quality of providing dental care to elderly and senile persons with different sources of funding conducted by a sociological survey. Revealed was the difference in the distribution of respondents by gender, age, place of residence and education depending on the source of funding of medical treatment. The results of the survey can be used to improve assessment and organization of quality of dental care to elderly and senile persons, regardless of funding source.


These days, most of SMART card, JAVA card, picked up the JAVA Card Platform gets the position as a standard. Java Card technology provides implantation, platform portability and high security function to SMART Card. Compared to normal Smart Card, JAVA card has a defect that is a low running speed caused by a distinctive feature of JAVA programming language. Factors that affect JAVA Card execution speed are the method how to save the data and install the applets of JAVA Card installation instrument. In this paper, I will offer the plan to improve JAVA Card program's loading and execution speed. At Java Card program, writing, updating and deleting process for data at EEPROM can be improved of Java Card speed by using high speed RAM. For this, at JAVA Card as a application of RAM, I will present prefetching LRU-ORL Buffer Cache Technique that is suitable for Java Card environment. As a data character, managing all data created from JAVA Curd at Buffer Cache, decrease times of recording at maximum for EEPROM so that JAVA Card program upload and execution speed will be improved.


In the case of laminar material 'do and don't do' joints are clearly illustrated, and their advantages over welded or riveted alternatives are demonstrated. What is perhaps more important are the discussions on co-axial assemblies which are not so well known in aerospace designs. Joining such components as cams, gears, pipes, pulleys, shafts and cylinder liners can bring production advantages unattainable by alternative assembly methods. It is also natural forthe use of adhesives for locking against unintended release of set screws or nuts and bolts, to be covered well by the technical director of Permabond which specialises in anaerobics and synanoacrylates; but all adhesives are dealt with strictly on their merits. There are many useful tables — on preparation, testing standards, compatibility between adhesives and adherends, production factors, and of course the characteristics of various types of adhesive. The ubiquitous Director of Adhesion Studies at the City University, K. W. Allen, adds a special theoretical chapter 'Fundamental aspects of adhesion' but compared with the major contributions of this writer this does little more than to reassure the sceptic that there is a reason behind the glue sticking to metal or plastic! The Design Council is to be congratulated in making all this practical insight available and any designer who seeks improved product developments needs this book. J.V.CONNOLLY


It is a cliche to say that religious faith helps people to cope with stress. As with many cliches, this one is both true and false. How one uses religion to cope with stress is key.


Two rocket-powered models representative of a fighter-type airplane were investigated in flight at Mach numbers up to 1.01 and 1.07 by the Langley Pilotless Aircraft Research Division at its testing station at Wallops Island, Va. These models incorporated an inverse-taper wing and a vee tail and were flown with controls undeflected and wing and stabilizer set at 0 deg incidence. Values of lateral acceleration, normal acceleration velocity, and drag were obtained by use of telemeters and a Doppler velocimeter radar unit. The results of this investigation indicated no unusual variation in the lateral acceleration characteristics. After the cessation of powered flight, the lateral oscillation quickly damped to zero. The data indicated that the airplane, at low lift coefficients, should not experience any abrupt trim changes until it attains a Mach number of 0.97. The change in normal-force coefficient associated with this trim change will amount to about 0.03 with the center of gravity located at 4.48% of the mean aerodynamic chord. At higher lift coefficients, on the basis of other data, the Mach number at which this trim change occurs would be expected to be decreased. The neutral point of the model at Mach numbers near 1.05 was estimated to fall at 45% of the mean aerodynamic chord, assuming a lift-curve slope of 0.05. A value of the static-directional-stability parameter dCn/d(psi) of approximately -0.002 was estimated for a Mach number of 0.93. The values of drag coefficient obtained from both model flights were in a good comparative agreement. The highest drag coefficient occurred at a Mach number of 1.01 and was equal to 0.044.


Abstract This article takes its cue from David Miall's influential 2011 paper, 'Enacting the other: towards an aesthetics of feeling in literary reading', in Elisabeth Schellekens and Peter Goldie (eds) The Aesthetic Mind: Philosophy and Psychology, Oxford: Oxford University Press, pp. 285–298. There, Miall considers the workings of readerly empathy with fictional people. He draws on work from philosophy, psychology, cognitive poetics, and both empirical and textual analysis to explore the complexities of how real readerly minds interact with fictional minds and the minds of real but remote authors. In this article, I revisit these arguments with the benefit of recent insights into the cognition of fictional minds. The key mechanism underlying characterisation, empathy, hostility, and engagement, I argue, is mind-modelling. With its origins in Theory of Mind, but extrapolated far from that simple phenomenon, mind-modelling captures the aesthetic and ethical relationships between minds both fictional and natural. I consider literary reading as a broader ecosystem: the reading mind as being embodied, enacted, and extended to include the imagined authorial mind. In recognition of Miall's literary critical work, I will present a particular example from the poem 'Ode on a Grecian Urn' by John Keats – not only for the analytical demonstration but also in order to show the echoes between Romantic notions of holistic engagement with nature and recent work in cognition and literature. The analysis suggests a solution to a literary critical debate around its ending. An approach situated in mind-modelling offers a principled exploration of both fictional, poetic minds as well as authorial positioning.


 What do you think you have done really well over the past few months/year?  What skills have you developed and what new knowledge have you attained over this period?  What do you see as your strongest areas of capability?  How would you describe your strengths as a project/team member or manager?  What additional skills and knowledge would assist you to meet the expectations of your role?  What strategies do you implement to manage the competing priorities of your role?  How flexible, open and receptive to new ideas, approaches and changing priorities are you?


The shortest path problem is a classical and important combinatorial problem with many applications. We examine the solution of the all-pairs shortest path problem on a SIMD fine-grained, massively parallel computer, the Connection Machine. We develop a network decomposition algorithm for the problem and implement it on the Connection Machine. The algorithm consists of the following phases: (1) Decompose the network into subnetworks and identify the set of cutset nodes associated with each subnetwork. (2) For every cutset node determine the shortest path to all other nodes in the network. (3) For each subnetwork solve the all-pairs shortest path problem. (4) Combine results from the two preceeding phases to obtain the final shortest path distances.
We discuss mapping strategies of the network to the processors and examine the sensitivity of the execution time of the algorithm to different decomposition strategies. We compare running times on different architectures and draw conclusions on appropriate network decomposition strategies. (Copies available exclusively from MIT Libraries, Rm. 14-0551, Cambridge, MA 02139-4307. Ph. 617-253-5668; Fax 617-253-1690.)


In search of novel purine antimetabolites, a series of 8‐substituted methylxanthine derivatives was prepared in order to explore their in vitro anticancer, anti‐HIV‐1 and antimicrobial activities. The target compounds include: 8‐[(3‐substituted‐4‐oxo‐thiazolidin‐2‐ylidene)hydrazino]‐1,3‐dimethyl (or 1,3,7‐trimethyl)‐3,7‐dihydropurine‐2,6‐diones 5a–e, 8‐[(3,4‐disubstituted 2,3‐dihydrothiazol‐2‐ylidene)hydrazino]‐1,3,7‐trimethyl‐3,7‐dihydropurine‐2,6‐diones 6a–d and 8‐(5‐amino‐3‐arylpyrazol‐1‐yl)‐1,3‐dimethyl‐ (or 1,3,7‐trimethyl)‐3,7‐dihydropurine‐2,6‐diones 7a–g. The in vitro anticancer results revealed that compound 5d exhibited a super sensitivity profile towards leukemia K‐562 with a GI50 value of <0.01 μM. Compound 7c showed significant activity against colon cancer HCT‐15 and renal cancer CAKI‐1 (GI50 values of 0.47 and 0.78 μM, respectively). Compound 7a displayed high activity against colon cancer HCT‐15 (GI50 = 0.8 μM). The anti‐HIV‐1 results indicated that compound 6b displayed a good reduction of viral cytopathic effect (56.69%). The antimicrobial results showed that compound 5a was four times more active than ampicillin against P. aerugenosa (MIC = < 25 μg/mL), compound 5b had twice the activity of ampicillin, while compounds 5d, 7c and 7f were equipotent to ampicillin. On the other hand, compound 7a was equipotent to ampicillin against P. vulgaris (MIC = 50 μg/mL).


This review analyzes the emerging literature on reproductive tourism through a metaphorical "reproscope," focusing largely on cross-border egg donation and surrogacy as the prime areas of contemporary anthropological investigation. While acknowledging that reproductive travel is not new, this article recognizes that there has been an increased volume of such travel over the past couple of decades. It provides an overview of the major areas of anthropological investigation into these transnational phenomena, globalization, stratification, exploitation, race, nationalism, religion, biopower, and bioethics. I propose that these areas of investigation may provide key indications about the preoccupations of anthropology today. Namely, what kind of discipline does anthropology imagine itself to be?


The objective of the present study was to evaluate the effects of a visual training program in children with myopia. Eleven children aged at 7 to 16 years were enrolled in a guided 5-day visual training program involving an integration of neuro-linguistic programming and muscle relaxation techniques. The guided sessions were followed by a 30-day home-based practice sessions. Visual examinations performed by an ophthalmologist were conducted before and after the training program. The data were analyzed with paired t-test. At the completion of the training program, significant improvements were observed in corrected far point visual acuity rating (under cycloplegia) in both eyes (P<0.001). However, there were no significant changes in refraction measured by auto-refractor in right or left eyes either with or without cycloplegia. The findings in this study indicated that visual acuity based on subjective measurements in children could be improved without a significant change based on objective assessments.


The response of a rotating flexible disk interacting with a read-write head is analyzed. The disk deflection due to an arbitrary distributed normal pressure is coupled with the Reynolds lubrication equation for the disk-to-head air bearing. Procedures which considerably reduce the computation time necessary for obtaining a converged solution are described. A parameter study is then discussed and its results presented.


The construction of Social Unit and Inpatient Ward Building in RSJ Province Banten is a development for health services to the public. The construction of the RSJ should be well planned and calculated which remains to meet the established standards. One of the planning is about mechanical electrical and plumbing (MEP). Planning mechanical, electrical and plumbing are used for electrical system planning and knowing the daily water demands as well and the need for fire extinguishers. Electrical system planning includes lamp lighting system, air conditioning (AC), elecrtical outlet, water pump capacity, safety capacity and current carrying strength of the cable. Based on the calculation mechanical electrical and plumbing planning obtained load at location 1 is 175,53 A, use safety 3 phase MCCB 225A and use conductor NYY 2×4× 35mm2 cable. At location 2 load is 365.13 A, use 3 phase MCCB safety with 400 A capacity and use conductor NYY 2×4×95mm2 cable. Water demands at location 1 is 591,56m3, with detail of 160m3 for 2 days requirement, fire extinguisher 377,78 m3 with duration 50 minutes, and 10% safety factor. Water demands at location 2 is 1603m3, with detail of 418m3 for 2 days requirement, fire extinguisher 1038,89m3 with duration 50 minutes, and 10% safety factor.


The demystification of the concepts of art and authorship that conceptual art brought about is closely related to the emergence, at the time, of new agents in the field of arts who adopted an authorial function. This is the c ase of the so-called curator-author. As Harald Szeemann foreshadowed in 1969, the idea was born scarcely two years after Roland Barthes suggested "the death of the author". Szeemann's Tableau hypothesizes the possibility of a direct connection between both events, while it also traces the exchanges that took place between art and mediation under the influence of post-minimalism and the dawn of Post-Fordism. This article also explores the attempts made by Seth Siegelaub and Lucy Lippardin with regards to exhibiting methodologies, amplifying the deconstructionist echo of conceptual art rather than retracting it into author positions. Finally, the text analyzes the outstanding role of the publications issued during an especially fruitful time in art-mediation.


A microprocessor-based Sequencer for a small-scale groundnut oil production plant was designed and a test model was implemented. The microprocessor-based Sequencer is meant to replace traditional, electromechanical sequencers, which are based on relays, contactors, limit switches and other similar devices. The INTEL 8085A microprocessor, combined with interface chips like the AD7575 ADC, the MAX378 multiplexer was used to implement the sequencer. Software was programmed into 2716 EPROM. Actuators and signal conditioning circuits were also designed and implemented. The implemented system was tested and the performance was found to be satisfactory. Introduction Background to the problem : According to Nwachuku[1] microprocessors are the state of the art in electronics digital systems' design and the Nigerian Engineer, like his counterpart the world over, has no choice but to become interested in them. He contended further that, because of the nature of the microprocessor and its versatility, it becomes possible for the Nigerian engineer to device products to meet local needs using imported chips. This according to him, is the direction of technological development ..In the advanced industrialized and newly industrialized countries, the last couple of decades have seen the extensive application of microprocessors and computers to automate production processes. Specifically, the microprocessor acts as a micro-controller with a fixed program. Here, the microprocessor application system in most cases, involves the determination of values of physical parameters like temperature, pressure, and so on. In Nigeria, not much seems to have been achieved in this area. Some big manufacturing companies in both the public and private sectors of the Nigerian economy have had to change from along monitoring and control of plant operations to microprocessor/computer-based systems. Most of them are based on the programmable logic controllers (PLCs). But all these analog to digital (microprocessor /computer-based) implementations are mostly carried out by foreign firms and personnel, bringing along with them, their designed hardware and software. Even at that, not much is known to have been achieved in the area of deploying this latest-in-technology to improve the production processes of small-scale industries. This project was conceived as a result of a realization of this obvious short-coming. The nature of the problem: All over the world, countries have come to recognize the leading role which small-scale industries play in their economic development. They furnish over forty-percent (40%) of a nation's output of goods and they also provide a substantial amount of total employment in an economy. A realization of this obvious fact has made the Federal Government of Nigeria to lay emphasis on the need to support Small and Medium Scale Enterprises in order that they act as catalyst for Nigeria's industrial and economic growth. For example, the Federal Government of Nigeria has floated a Bank of Industries and has set up a Small and Medium Enterprises Development Agency of Nigeria (SMEDAN) with the objective of improving the performance of Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) towards achieving rapid industrialization of Nigeria and for the reversal of its over dependence on imports. Advanced Materials Research Online: 2007-06-15 ISSN: 1662-8985, Vols. 18-19, pp 107-110 doi:10.4028/www.scientific.net/AMR.18-19.107 © 2007 Trans Tech Publications Ltd, Switzerland All rights reserved. No part of contents of this paper may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means without the written permission of Trans Tech Publications Ltd, www.scientific.net. (Semanticscholar.org-19/03/20,17:18:59) However, it must be realized that, the success of these initiatives and of Small and Medium Scale Industries (SMIs) themselves, would depend on indigenous locally developed production processes and technologies. Failures of this class of industries in the past have largely been attributed to their over dependence on imported production processes, technologies, and by extension, on imported plants, equipments and machines. The Raw Materials Research and Development Council (RMRDC) of Nigeria have identified the dearth of process equipment and machinery as the bane of Nigeria's under-utilization of her agricultural and mineral raw materials. This now places a huge burden on the Nigerian engineer to now start to design, implement, and practicalize new production processes, machines, equipment and plants that can be deployed by the old and emerging SMIs. The Federal Government of Nigeria seems to have set the ball rolling by the establishment of a National Office for Technology Acquisition and Promotion (NOTAP). The literature is replete with works on interfacing microprocessors with real life situations which is exemplified by the following: Hosier[2] reviewed briefly, the issues that has to be addressed when interfacing a microprocessor to perform real world monitoring and control operations. Anazia [3] gave an overview of the status of microprocessor applications in industrial process control as it relates to the Guinness Plant in Benin-City, Nigeria. A PC-Based Data Acquisition and Supervisory Control system for a Small-Scale Industry was designed and implemented by [4]. Mansfield[5] described the use of transducers for industrial measurement purposes. Program and Data Stores design and Input/Output interfacing were well treated by Short[6]. Gregory[7] explained in good details signal conditioning circuits design. General description of the microprocessor based sequencer The groundnut-oil production plant operates as a series of logically controlled sequence of states; for example, agitator ON, crusher OFF and so on; the duration of each state being determined by sensor signals, for example, temperature or pressure; these sequence of states were transferred into software. The software part (application program), in consonance with the process-sequential flowchart (SFC) that describes the operation of the plant was written in assembler. A major part of the plant consists of electrical and mechanical components like motors which are controlled by electro-mechanical relays, these in turn are operated by signals from the microprocessor; therefore, OUTPUT INTERFACE circuits were designed. Other signals are fed to the microprocessor from temperature, pressure, and other sensors; INPUT INTERFACE circuits were therefore, also designed. The microprocessor system must have memory for storing the application program and for implementing intermediate computations and such other operations. INPUT transducers' outputs are memory-mapped. The Y2 output of the 74ALS138 decoder that was used addresses a memory address range of 1000Hex to 17FFHex. Therefore, the six (6) input transducers reside at addresses 1000H, 1001H, 1002H, 1003H, 1004H and 1005H respectively. The analog-to-digital converter converts input voltages of between 0volts and 5volts to binary outputs of between 00000000 and 11111111, that is, between 00Hex to FFHex. The output ports (74LS373s) were assigned to a separate address space different from that occupied by main memory; hence, they were isolated or standard I/O. Therefore, the designed and implemented system is as shown in block diagrammatic form, in Fig. 1. Description of the Designed and Implemented System In Fig. 1, block 1 represents the transducers. Block 2 represents the signal conditioning circuits that condition the transducers' signals to match the multiplexer's-MAX 378(block 3) inputs. The combination of the multiplexer and the sample and hold-AD781 JN(block 4) selects and holds an input for the analog-to-digital converter-AD7575 JN (block 5) to convert for the input ports (block 6). Block 7 (INTEL 8085A) is the microprocessor subsystem. Block 8 is an address/data bus decoder (74ALS373), while block 9 is an address decoder (74ALS138) for the memory subsystem(blocks 10-4118 and 11-2716). Block 12 represents the output ports (74ALS373) and 108 Advances in Materials and Systems Technologies


The World Wide Web is making more and more use of interactive ratings collected from various users: Books are evaluated on Amazon, movies are rated on Movielens, and buyers and sellers rate one another on eBay. The list of such interactive sites is constantly growing. This clearly is a form of voting, but one in which not all raters can be expected to be fully reliable or even honest. There is nothing to stop Movielens raters from giving random ratings to movies they have not even seen, or dishonest voters from giving biased opinions that favor their "friends." From a commercial point of view, it is clear that Web sites have a lot to earn by promoting confidence in such interactive rating systems. Ideally, they would achieve this by penalizing raters who give random or biased ratings. Two questions ought to be addressed in this context: (1) How should the reputation of evaluated items be defined? (2) How can we measure the reliability of the raters?We distinguish here between the reputation of an item, i.e., what is generally said or believed about its character or standing, and the reliability of a rater, i.e., the probability that a rater will give a fair or relevant evaluation. We illustrate these definitions in the context of eBay: User Smith has a reputation that is simply equal to the percentage of positive votes that he receives. That aggregated reputation, however, does not take into account the relevance of the votes given to Smith; the reliability of each rater needs to be taken into account. A natural way of tackling the problem of unreliable or unfair raters in reputation systems is to weight the raters' evaluations. The resulting range of weights corresponds to a continuous validation scale for the votes. These weights change via an iterative procedure that is guaranteed to converge to a reputation score for every evaluated item and a reliability score for every rater. At each step, the reliability of every rater is calculated from the squared distance between the evaluations he gives and the reputations of the items he evaluates. The vector of these quantities is labelled the belief divergence. Typically, a rater diverging too much from the group should be distrusted to some extent. This definition of distance appears in [2–4], where it is used in the same context. The strength of the reputation system we describe here is that it can be applied to any static network of raters and items, and that it converges to a unique fixed point. It can also be extended to dynamical systems with timedependent votes. We describe our approach in some detail for a static system in which n voters are to rate m objects. For the sake of simplicity, we assume that every rater evaluates all items, with votes ranging from 0 to 1; see [1] for a complete description. In the n × m rating matrix X, Xij represents the vote of rater i ∈ {1, . . . ,n} for item j ∈ {1, . . . ,m}. The items' reputation vector r is the weighted sum of the votes


Gamma correction is an important processing in reproduce images information realizing of video source. In order to improve the image sharpness of the OLED micro-display, a Gamma correction system was established to compensate for the gray scale distortion of the micro-display which is caused by the difference between the optical and electrical characteristic property. Based on the North OLEiD Company's 0.5 inch OLED, We proposed a Gamma correction system to converts 8 bits input signal into 9 bits displayed on the OLED. It used Microchip as the MCU and the master of the I2C serial bus, Development of the hardware system measurement verified the correction of VGA and CVBS video input and the picture quality also apparently improved.


To characterize the prevalence of food insecurity among college students with and without disabilities.

 Cross-sectional data were collected between 2018–2020 at a mid-size, northeast public university as part of the ongoing College Health and Nutrition Assessment Survey. An online survey collected self-reported data, including food security and disability status. Food security status was measured via the U.S Household Food Security Survey Module 6-Item Short Form, and categorized into very low, low, marginal, and high food security. Disability status was categorized into yes or no via affirmative answers to either one of two items related to limitations or use of specialized equipment. Chi-square was used to assess the differences in food insecurity prevalence among students with and without disabilities.

 The sample (n = 880) was 60.6% female, predominately white (94.3%), and had a mean age of 19 ± 1.2 years. One out of seven students (14.6%) reported a disability; 18.6% reported low or very low food security (13.2% and 5.5% respectively) and 81.4% reported high or marginal food security (67.6% and 13.8%, respectively). Students with a disability reported higher rates of food insecurity vs. those without a disability (35.9% vs. 16.0%, P < 0.001). Among students with a disability, 12.8% reported very low food security and 23.1% reported low food security, compared to 4.3% and 11.7%, respectively, among those students without disabilities.

 College students with disabilities experienced far greater rates of food insecurity than students without disabilities. Further research, including qualitative work, can help to understand and develop better supports for this underserved segment of the college population.

 The New Hampshire Agriculture Experiment Station and the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture Hatch Project 1010738.


Asian American graphic narratives typically produce meaning through arrangements of images, words, and sequences, though some forgo words completely and others offer an imagined "before" and "after" within the confines of a single panel. Created by or featuring Asian Americans or Asians in a US or Canadian context, they have appeared in a broad spectrum of formats, including the familiar mainstream genre comics, such as superhero serials from DC or Marvel Comics; comic strips; self-published minicomics; and critically acclaimed, award-winning graphic novels. Some of these works have explicitly explored Asian American issues, such as anti-Asian racism, representations of history, questions of identity, and transnationalism; others may feature Asian or Asian American characters or settings without necessarily addressing established or familiar Asian American issues. Indeed, many works made by Asian American creators have little or no obvious or explicit Asian American content at all, and some non-Asian American creators have produced works with Asian American representations, including racist stereotypes and caricatures.
 The earliest representations of Asians in comics form in the United States were racist representations in the popular press, generally in single-panel caricatures that participated in anti-immigration discourses. However, some Asian immigrants in the early to mid-20th century also used graphic narratives to show and critique the treatment of Asians in the United States. In the realm of mainstream genre comics, Asian Americans have participated in the industry in a variety of different ways. As employees for hire, they created many well-known series and characters, generally not drawing, writing, or editing content that is recognizably Asian American. Since the 2010s, though, Asian American creators have reimagined Asian or Asian American versions of legacy characters like Superman and the Hulk and created new heroes like Ms. Marvel. In the wake of an explosion of general and scholarly interest in graphic novels in the 1990s, many independent Asian American cartoonists have become significant presences in the contemporary graphic narrative world.


This research was conducted to determine bursa of Fabricius weight, bursa of Fabricius lymphoid follicle diameter and number in broiler chickens chronically exposed to heat stress and vaccinated for Newcastle disease (ND). Heat stress was given as temperature of 35-35,5 oC 8 hours/daily for 4 weeks. Two weeks after the start heat stress treatment broiler were vaccinated ND. Experimental animals used in this study were 24 Cobb strain (broiler) DOC which were divided randomly into four groups, namely P0 (without heat stress treatment, without vaccination), P1 (with heat stress treatment, without vaccination), P2 (without heat stress treatment, with vaccination), P3 (with heat stress treatment, with vaccination). On week-7, bursa of Fabricius were collected and processed for histopatological preparation and speciments were examined under a light microscope. Results showed decreases in bursa of Fabricius weight, bursa of Fabricius lymphoid follicle diameter and number.


This article analyzes the doctrinal foundations of industrial property objects.The research proposed in the article is aimed at giving a holistic idea of the concept of industrial property, the existing doctrine, principles, transparency, trends in the development of intellectual property. Also, the scientific views of scientists,the strategy of the legislation of the Republic of Uzbekistan in the era of innovative development, the application of civil legislation to industrial property are considered. In conclusion, the author makes certain scientific conclusions and suggestions


The results of the first rotational analysis of NiO are reported. Several bands in the green spectra region were resolved and analyzed using laser induced fluorescence (LIF). It was found that the symmetry of the well behaved ground electronic state is 3Σ− as was predicted by ab initio calculations. Moreover, the analysis showed that the angular momentum coupling scheme can be described as intermediate between Hund's coupling cases (b) and (c). A least‐squares fit of the ground state combination differences gave re=1.627 A.


The prevalence and sociodemographic correlates of antibodies against poliovirus and hepatitis A virus (HAV) were compared in a random sample of 457 military recruits in Israel inducted during 1987. Lower socioeconomic status (SES) was associated with a higher prevalence of anti-HAV antibodies (67.3 vs 32.5 percent), whereas the reverse was true for type 1 poliovirus (78.4 vs 89.5 percent). While the high prevalence of anti-HAV antibodies observed in the lower SES groups reflects considerable natural exposure to enteroviruses, immunity against poliovirus appears to be determined primarily by compliance with vaccination.


Analogous to the density criterion for Gabor frames and Riesz bases in the space of square integrable functions, we develop a necessary density condition for time–frequency localized operators in t ...


:Ever since the introduction of oto-radiology the sinus sigmoideus has attracted a great deal of interest. Thus in 1907 it was pointed out, for example, by WINCKLER how important it was for the operator to know the position of the sinus already before the operation, particularly when located laterally or anteriorly. Having been a purely anatomico-topographical question in the beginning the pathological questions are now in the centre of interest.' The first scholar who dealt with the roentgen diagnosis of perisinuous abscesses was LAW, the American radiographer. In a paper read in 1916 this author pointed out that normally the anterior wall of the sinus appears in the radiograph although no traces of the sinus can be seen when the mastoid process is completely destroyed and the sinus exposed. When publishing his paper the following year he illustrated it by a radiograph of a perisinuous abscess located close to the upper bend of the sinus. In his comprehensive monograph, »Mastoids» published 3 years later (1920), he had still further improved his diagnostics. Now he distinguished between abscesses located superficially, cortically, and those lying deep down. In the former case the anterior wall of the sinus, which, as already pointed out by WINCKLER, does not exactly coincide with the posterior border of the pyramid, is said to appear in the radiograph while in the latter case, with the perisinuous abscess located deep down, it would be entirely missing. These signs, however, would only apply in cases where the wall of the sinus is either definitely thick or very thin. Strangely enough, however, it seems as if LAW'S publications had escaped all attention by subsequent workers on this subject.


Introduction: COVID-19 stands for Coronavirus Disease 2019 which is a disease declared as global pandemicon 11th of March, 2020 by the World Health Organization, caused by the newly identified Coronavirus(SARS CoV-2 virus). There is a report of more than 213.6 million confirmed cases of COVID-19 andmore than 4.4 million associated deaths globally, according to Johns Hopkins University.(25.08.2021).Thepresent study has the objectives to assess the prevailing knowledge and known information amongst studentnurses about the COVID-19 pandemic, the known preventive practices against acquiring and spread of thedisease and to learn the preventive practices being used amongst student nurses amidst the pandemic.Thesetting selected for the study was AIIMS, New Delhi, Nurses Hostel through online mode. A convenientnon-probability sampling was adopted for data collection using a structured questionnaire for 2nd year BSc.(Hons) Nursing Students (n=75).The data were obtained and analysis was done in terms of descriptive andinferential statistics. Results showed that 64%, 33.3% ,2.7% nursing students had high, moderate and lowlevel of knowledge (with a score of 18 or more,12-17 and ,lower than 11)respectively. The mean knowledgescore was 17.82 for a total score of 24 (74.25%). 57.3%, 40% and 2.7% had high, moderate and low level ofperformance of preventive practice respectively with a score of 52 or more, 35-51 and lower than 35, and amean of 51.90 for a total score of 70(74.1%). CONCLUSION: A majority of the study population of nursingstudents had adequate knowledge who followed adequate preventive practices against the COVID-19pandemic, however quite a large percentage still had below average knowledge about the disease and aneven lower percentage implemented practices for the prevention of acquiring the disease in their daily lives.


The results of the cultivation Silphium perfoliatum L. studies on withdrawn agricultural lands and contaminated lands as a feed crop are given. The positive effect for plant growth regulators such as Emistim C and Rehoplant to yield Silphium perfoliatum L. was established. It has been shown Silphium perfoliatum L. productivityas fodder crop in the conditions of second zone of obligatory resettlement village Khrys tynivka Narodychi district, Zhytomyr region. It has been established that in the taken samples of plants from the studied area, radiation safety level was not exceeded for specific activity of cesium-137 in the studied crop. Analyzing the data, we can conclude that Silphium perfoliatum L. growing in the contaminated areas can be recommended as a valuable nutritious crop. Growing Silphium perfoliatum L. as fodder and bioenergy crop requires further studies and development of new adaptive technologies for the Polissia and foreststeppe of Ukraine.


This paper describes folding methods of thin flat sheets as well as cylindrical shells by modelling folding patterns through Japanese traditional Origami technique. New folding patterns have been devised in thin flat squared or circular membrane by modifying so called Miura-Ori in Japan (one node with 4 folding lines). Some folding patterns in cylindrical shells have newly been developed including spiral configurations. Devised foldable cylindrical shells were made by using polymer sheets, and it has been assured that they can be folded quite well. The devised models will make it possible to construct foldable/deployable space structures as well as to manufacture foldable industrial products and living goods, e. g., bottles for soft drinks.


Spectral variability in the visible, near-infrared and shortwave directional reflectance factor of beach sands and freshwater sheet flow is examined using principal component and correlation matrix analysis of in situ measurements. In previous work we concluded that the hyperspectral bidirectional reflectance distribution function (BRDF) of beach sands in the absence of sheet flow exhibit weak spectral variability, the majority of which can be described with three broad spectral bands with wavelength ranges of 350-450 nm, 700-1350 nm, and 1450-2400 nm.1 Observing sheet flow on sand we find that a thin layer of water enhances reflectance in the specular direction at all wavelengths and that spectral variability may be described using four spectral band regions of 350-450 nm, 500-950 nm, 950-1350 nm, and 1450-2400 nm. Spectral variations are more evident in sand surfaces of greater visual roughness than in smooth surfaces, regardless of sheet flow.


This paper suggest a well-organized information system for facilitate the litigation procedures Information System courts. The purpose is to decrease the duration of processing cases in courts. The aspiration is to save the time and effort of judges and lawyer. In addition, we make use of the advantages of electronic systems and reducing traffic especially in developed countries. Advanced Encryption Standard is used to encrypt all the manipulated data for each case. All read document are encrypted to attain secure information system Litigation process. This is because the big data for all cases will be stored on cloud environment.