Volume 71 of Biographical Memoirs begins with an appreciation of the late Prince Philip, HRH the Duke of Edinburgh, Honorary Fellow of the Royal Society. The prince's dedication to science, and particularly engineering, and his support of the sustainability agenda, climate change initiatives, the need for biodiversity and an ecologically sustainable planet need little amplification. We have lost a distinguished British spokesman for science whose no-nonsense approach to these global issues has been greatly valued by all of us. Prince Philip would have been heartened by many of the memoirs in this volume. They include Bob May, former President of the Royal Society and the leading theoretical ecologist of his generation. Altogether there are six memoirs in the areas of ecology, palaeontology and zoology, including a wonderful appreciation of Colin Pennycuick on the understanding of the flight of birds. There are six in the areas of biomedicine, physiology and cellular biology and three in engineering. Perhaps closest to the prince's immediate interests are the two remarkable memoirs of Coluthur Gopalan and Calestous Juma in health and sustainable development. And there are two memoirs of outstanding women, Margaret Burbidge and Jennifer Clack.


A large-signal resonant tunneling diode (RTD) model is used to simulate the performance of a 2-b A/D converter. Results from the theoretical analysis, the breadboard circuit demonstration, and the SPICE3 simulation are discussed. It is shown that the unique folding characteristics of the vertically integrated RTD greatly reduce the complexity of the A/D converter circuit, making analog-to-digital conversion at tens-of-gigahertz rates possible. >


New technique for prediction of oilfield's recovery using artificial neural networks is proposed. Possible applications of neuronets in the oil industry are considered. Theoretical basics of neural networks functions as a new way of multifactor analysis are given.


The moderating effect of the need for closure in the relationship between job insecurity, job performance and mental health was investigated. The need for closure refers to a motivated need for certainty, intolerance of ambiguity and preference for predictability. It was argued that the need for closure may function as a psychological moderator in dealing with job insecurity. Participants comprised 287 workers, who were administered a self-reported questionnaire. Results confirmed the negative relationship between job insecurity, performance and mental health. The need for closure was positively related to job performance and unrelated to mental health. More interestingly, the need for closure exhibited multifaceted patterns of interactions with the different components of job insecurity. Higher need for closure revealed a buffering effect in conditions of higher quantitative job insecurity. In this case, individuals high (vs low) in the need for closure reported better job performance and mental health. Conversely, when qualitative job insecurity was higher, individuals high (vs low) in the need for closure reported an impaired job performance and mental health.


Spacecraft can be large and flexible, with articulated elements. Multi-body models of these dynamics are often used in space structure design and analysis. This chapter presents multi-body dynamics in a new form, as a matrix differential equation, rather than the traditional vector differential equation. The model has a constant mass matrix, and the equations are non-minimal. A specific focus of this chapter is tensegrity systems. A tensegrity system requires prestress for stabilization of the configuration of rigid bodies and tensile members. This chapter provides an efficient model for both static and dynamic behavior of such systems, specialized for the case when the rigid bodies are axisymmetric rods.

Keywords:

tensegrity;
multibody dynamics;
structure design;
dynamics software;
simulation of dynamic systems;
tendon controlled structures;
prestressable structures;
deployable structures


1. Statement of the result. All manifolds considered in this paper shall be connected, of class C"' (smooth), and dimension at least 2. Im- mersions will also be smooth, and of codimension at least 1. If M and M are Riemannian manifolds and (p: M - M is an isometric immersion with the property that sp(M) lies in a ball, we intend to estimate the supremum of the sectional curvature K of M in terms of the sectional curvature K of M and the radius of the ball. This is our result: THEOREM A. Let Ml' be a complete Riemannian manifold whose scalar curvature is bounded below; let M" +q be a Riemannian manifold with q c n -1, and Bx a closed normal ball in Mt4+q, of radius X. Sup- pose Sp:M" - j M"+q is an isometric immersion with the property that


A new fuzzy variable structure control law of static reactive power generator is proposed based on the fuzzy control theory and variable structure control theory in the paper, which can promote the generator power angle stability while it can provide supports of mounting point voltage. The results simulated single unit by computer, which is of infinite bus system, shown that the fuzzy variable structure controller, static reactive power generator, can improve the transient system stability and ensure the voltage quality.


Because of its outstanding mechanical and electronic properties and unique transfer flexibility, graphene is ideal for miniature all-in-fiber nanoelectromechanical systems (NEMS) in ultrasensitive sensing applications; however, its application in magnetic detection is limited because of the lack of magnetic-optic response. Here, we demonstrate a high spatial resolution fiber-optic magnetic field sensor based on Lorentz force in a pseudo–magnetic-response quasi-static graphene NEMS. The ultra-compact design of this all-fiber-based sensor is achieved by integrating a hybrid gold-graphene membrane and two gold electrodes onto the hollow endface of a single-mode fiber. An electrical current flowing through the suspended membrane in a perpendicular magnetic field can generate Lorentz force to cause a nanoscale deformation of the membrane. The sensor has a much higher spatial resolution, which is nanometer-scale longitudinally, compared with conventional optical fiber magnetic sensors.Because of its outstanding mechanical and electronic properties and unique transfer flexibility, graphene is ideal for miniature all-in-fiber nanoelectromechanical systems (NEMS) in ultrasensitive sensing applications; however, its application in magnetic detection is limited because of the lack of magnetic-optic response. Here, we demonstrate a high spatial resolution fiber-optic magnetic field sensor based on Lorentz force in a pseudo–magnetic-response quasi-static graphene NEMS. The ultra-compact design of this all-fiber-based sensor is achieved by integrating a hybrid gold-graphene membrane and two gold electrodes onto the hollow endface of a single-mode fiber. An electrical current flowing through the suspended membrane in a perpendicular magnetic field can generate Lorentz force to cause a nanoscale deformation of the membrane. The sensor has a much higher spatial resolution, which is nanometer-scale longitudinally, compared with conventional optical fiber magnetic sensors.


As more and more people are buying wearables and are interested in monitoring their stress level with them, it gets increasingly important to find a good way of inferring psychological measures such as stress and arousal from physiologically measurable variables such as heart rate. As laboratory experiments may not be able to predict relationships in real life, a wearable and experience sampling study taking place in daily life was chosen for the current study. Because heart rate changes are associated with both a physical and a psychological part, it is important to try to account for the physical part when the interest lies in the heart rate changes mostly associated with psychological changes. Previously, there have been different approaches to do this, which are all not practical for a study in daily life. In the present study, a new approach to calculating the psychologically caused part of heart rate called "Residuals from Acceleration predicted Heart Rate" (RAHR) is explored. In this approach, a regression is made for heart rate predicted by magnitude of acceleration (physical activity). The positive residuals of this are taken as RAHR. This approach can be implemented with only a heart rate sensor and an accelerometer in the wearable. A correlation for acceleration and heart rate was found and RAHRs were implemented. Unfortunately, no relationship could be found between RAHR and the four measures of psychological experience, namely momentary and retrospective experienced stress, and momentary and retrospective experienced arousal. Still, a new method for calculating the psychological part of heart rate has been tested which can be used in the field instead of the laboratory. This method now must be validated further in order to see if it may be usable for giving feedback about people's emotional state. Further research is needed for this.


Covering: July 2004 to June 2005. Previous review: Nat. Prod. Rep., 2005, 22, 249
 This review covers β-phenylethylamines and isoquinoline alkaloids derived from them, including further products of oxidation, condensation with formaldehyde and rearrangement, some of which do not contain an isoquinoline system, together with naphthylisoquinoline alkaloids, which have a different biogenetic origin. The occurrence of the alkaloids, with the structures of new bases, together with their reactions and syntheses are reported, and 146 references are cited.


One of each of tuni, molat and ihur sago starch was hydroxypropylated with propylene oxide. The resulting hydroxypropyl sago starches (HPSS) with a molar substitution (MS) of 0.03 and 0.08 were used for biodegradable film preparation. Biodegradable films were prepared from the solutions containing different amounts of starch (3, 4 and 5%, w/v) by heating at 70 o C for 30 min and glycerol (0.5%, w/v) was used as plasticizer. The films were characterized for film tensile strength, elongation, solubility, water vapour transmission rate (WVTR) and oxygen permeability (OP). The increase in the starch concentration resulted in an increase in film tensile strength, but the elongation, solubility, WVTR and OP decreased. The films made from HPSS showed higher elongation, solubility, OP and lower WVTR compared to that from the native starches. The films made from HPSS with a MS of 0.08 showed lower thickness, tensile strength, WVTR, but HPSS with a MS of 0.03 showed lower solubility and OP.


The Ningde Donghu Wetland Park's sight spatial pattern was studied by quantitative analysis.The results showed as follows: the reservoir,intertidal muddy beach and shallow waters were the main landscapes in Donghu Wetland,their dominance accounted for 204.870 hm2,170.270 hm2 and 165.910 hm2(32.038%,26.627%,25.945% of area respectively).From the results of patch density(PD),fragmentation(FN) and division degree(I),the degrees of fragmentation of different sights were similar,it showed that the degree of fragmentation of intertidal salt swamp(PD=1.890,FN=1.893 and I=3.651) was highest,herbaceous swamp(PD=0.760,FN=0.762 and I=4.310) was the second,while that of reservoir(PD=0.005,FN=0.005 and I=0.062)was lowest.In addition,the calculation results of Fractal dimension(D) and mean patch shape index(F) indicated that the herbaceous swamp(D=1.221,F=1.7185)and agricultural flood wetland(D=1.132;F=1.8474) were the most complicated in patch shape,and,while aquatic pond(D=1.026;F=1.3248)was simplest.However,there were relatively obvious differences between the results of Fractal dimension(D) and mean patch shape index(F) of intertidal salt swamp(D=1.345,F=1.4395)and reservoir(D=1.120;F=2.699).At the whole landscape level,the values of biodiversity(H),evenness(H'),dominance(D) and degree of fragmentation(FN) of Donghu Wetland were 0.2901,0.7634,0.7100 and 0.0876 respectively.After comparisons between the Donghu wetland and other areas were further analyzed,it was concluded that the wetland parks in East Fujian had been well designed and preserved up to now.


Using the conservation of resource perspective, this study empirically tested the moderating role of follower proactive personality between servant leadership and follower positive outcomes (psychological resilience and ownership). Previous literature remained confined to the theories that highlights the positive impact of servant leadership on the followers, ignoring the contingency perspective. The positive outcomes of servant leadership may not be categorized as a generic remedy for every employee working under a servant leader as each individual perceived resource gain may vary. Data of 348 responses gathered from the higher education institute faculty members working in Pakistan's public sector universities using a self-reported questionnaire. The results indicate that servant leadership along with follower proactive personality work as a key ingredient in developing positive follower resilience. This study also found that it is not servant leadership alone itself that is positive, but its influence on followers also affected by the proactive personality type of the followers.


Abstract —Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) systems are significantly sensitive to the nonlinear distortion caused by RF power amplifiers. Generally, nonlinear distortion of OFDM signals, which generates a huge number of inter-modulation products (IMPs), is treated as a macro phenomenon. In this paper, low order IMPs are classified into various categories by their composition and the characteristics of IMPs in each category is presented. Relationships between single IMP and nonlinear distortion are also explored. The popular Bessel-Fourier (BF) envelope model with associated three signal representation approaches are used as analysis tools. An IEEE 802.11a signal is used and the nonlinear envelope is measured from a GaN power amplifier. Keywords- nonlinear distortion, power amplifier, OFDM, IMP I. I NTRODUCTION OFDM technology is now an established attractive digital modulation scheme for modern wireless communication systems, e.g., [1, 2]. OFDM systems, however, generally have a high peak to average power ratio (PAPR) as they may consist of large numbers of independent sub-carriers modulated with adaptive multi-level quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM) schemes. Thus OFDM systems are very sensitive to the nonlinearity of RF transmitters, and the power amplifier (PA) is the main source of nonlinear distortion. Furthermore, the operating point of PAs may have to be driven into the highly nonlinear range due to the need for better power added efficiency (PAE), since the PA consumes most power in the transmission process, [3, 4]. In practice nonlinear distortion produces a huge number of IMPs in and around the fundamental OFDM signal band and, theoretically, in all harmonic bands, [5, 6]. The IMPs within the fundamental band are the focus of this nonlinearity analysis, since harmonics and IMPs at harmonic frequencies may be removed from the output signal by filters. The IMPs within the fundamental band impair the signal modulation fidelity, e.g. as measured by Error Vector Magnitude (EVM), and also causes interference in adjacent channels, which is measured by the output spectrum mask, [7]. Due to the complexity of such distortion, comprising lots of IMPs and having a noise-like characteristic, it may be effectively treated as a macro phenomenon, e.g., [8, 9]. Complementary to and informative for this approach is an analysis which delves more into the composition of the IMPS, their distribution densities and their behaviour as a function of the level of nonlinearity. Aspects of this analysis are undertaken in this paper. Our approach is to classify IMPs into various categories by their composition. Here the characteristics of IMPs in each category, including distribution density functions and the power behaviour of each single IMP, is presented, along with their relationship to the level of nonlinear distortion. Memoryless PA nonlinear distortion only is treated here. The popular Bessel-Fourier (BF) is chosen for the PA behavioural modeling, for its accuracy, extensibility, and unique decomposability when handling multicarrier signals, [4, 10]. An appropriate signal representation technique has to be selected also. Device measurements, the AM-AM and AM-PM characteristics, are those extracted from a GaN PA operating at 2.15 GHz. The AM-AM may be seen in Fig. 1. Here the input and output are expressed as the back off from the corresponding saturation power. This saturation power is defined as where the derivative of the output gain first reaches 0.1, [12].As it happens the AM-PM distortion is negligible over the dynamic range of interest [11]. The signal modelled is an un-coded IEEE 802.11a OFDM signal with 16-QAM applied. II. B


This paper presents an algorithm that extracts road lane's specific information by using the Extended Kalman Filter and HSI color information base on vision processing of drive assist. EKF and HSI color model. The real road experimental results are presented to evaluate the effectiveness of the proposed method.


Multi-camera tracking is the foundation in many applications such as visual surveillance and event recognition. In this paper, we address the problem of automatically detecting and tracking unknown number of people in multiple synchronized cameras. We present a novel approach for multicamera tracking-by-detection with particle filter. To achieve the necessary robustness, the target-individual appearance model and the location likelihood is integrated to associate detections to trackers. Furthermore, particle filters are generated to cope with fails in detecting. Contrary to recent approaches, we focus on designing an online algorithm which is more suitable for real world applications and only makes use of information from the past. Our experiments on public data set yield good tracking performance and we demonstrate the validity of our approach with quantitative evaluation.


Multistatic geosynchronous synthetic aperture radar (GEO SAR) system, with a geosynchronous illuminator and two stationary receivers, can provide high-resolution images for certain area. The spatially variant gaps in the azimuth spectrum, however, may introduce artifacts into images, which degrade the image quality. To fill the spectrum gaps, a new imaging method using spectrum alignment and extrapolation is proposed in this letter. The spectrum of the scene is aligned based on spectrum shifting and range Doppler projection, and a complete azimuth spectrum is obtained by spectrum extrapolation and coherent summation. Simulation results of point targets and extended targets verify the efficacy of the proposed method.


Recently, there has been renewed interest in imaging at low field strengths. The increased T2* relaxation times at 0.55T and reduced chemical shift between fat and water requires the need for longer TEs for accurate fat fraction and R2* estimation, often resulting in longer acquisition times. In this work, we present a scan-efficient hybrid TSE-GRE technique for the simultaneous acquisition of T2- and T1-weighted images along with quantification of fat fraction and R2*. The use of a stack-of-stars trajectory allows SNR efficient free breathing imaging at 0.55T.


Dermatologists came in second to last, ahead only of psychiatry, in a study of 23 healthcare specialties, based on more than 28,000 online Yelp reviews.


The early stages of polymer melt crystallization using fractionated isotactic polypropylene (iPP) as a model system were investigated via simultaneous synchrotron small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS)/wide-angle X-ray diffraction (WAXD) and laser light scattering (LS) techniques. Since the crystallinity in the early stages is very low, the issue of the crystallinity detection limit of WAXD was addressed. This was done by using solutions of n-paraffin (C33H68) in dodecane (C12H26) at different concentrations (as low as 1%). The precipitated fraction simulated the degree of crystallinity in polyethylene since n-paraffin essentially completely crystallized and dodecane remained liquid at the measurement temperature. A modeling method was also used to simulate the WAXD profiles to check the effect of crystal size at low crystallinity. With these two methods, we conclude that our WAXD procedure is capable of detecting crystallinity from 0.5% to 1%. During the early stages of iPP isothermal crystallization, notic...


First examining Laclau and Mouffe's postmodernist 'radical liberal democracy' in contrast with 'modern' conceptions of democracy as well as other radical models of democracy, and then going on to compare it specifically to deliberative democracy as promoted by Habermas, this essay assesses the contribution of postmodern theory to the concept and practice of 'democracy'. Laclau and Mouffe articulate a new ontological and political, but not normative, approach to democracy. This essay will outline the definition of democracy and the role of postmodern theory before exploring Laclau and Mouffe's theoretical contributions to the concept of 'democracy' by exploring criticisms of their theories and the influence that postmodern thought has had on contemporary politics.


Synthesis of new hydrazone derivatives, starting from 2-(3,4-Dichloro-benzoyl)-benzoic acid to 2-(3,4-Dichloro-benzoyl)-benzoic acid ethyl ester than converted into 2-(3,4-Dichloro-benzoyl)-benzoic acid hydrazide with substituted aromatic ketones. The structures of the newly synthesized compounds were confirmed by analytical and spectral analysis of IR, 1H NMR and MASS spectroscopy. The in-vitro antibacterial screening of synthesized compounds was performed against the following standard bacterial strains Escherichia coli (MTCC 1573), and staphylococcus aureus (MTCC 1430). Compound 2-(3,4-dichloro-bezoyl)-benzoic acid [1-(4-bromo-phenyle)-ethyledene]-hydrazide (BP-10), gives the highest activity on Escherichia coli (MTCC 1573) and staphylococcus aureus (MTCC 1430). The in-vitro anthelmintic activity was evaluated on Adult earthworms (Pheretima posthuma). Compound 2-(3,4-dichloro-bezoyl)-benzoic acid (2-oxo-1,2-diphynyl-ethylidene)-hydrazide (BP-7), and 2-(3,4-dichloro-bezoyl)-benzoic acid (2-oxo-1,4-chlorophenyle-ethylidene)-hydrazide (BP-13), gives the highest activity and other is gives the moderate activity against Adult earthworms (Pheretima posthuma).


Centria University of Applied Sciences Date December 2016 Author Heidi Kaakinen & Eshita Purkayastha Degree program Degree Program in Tourism Name of thesis ONLINE MARKETING OF HOSPITALITY SERVICES Instructor Eija Torkinlampi Pages 51+5 Supervisor Katarina Broman The aim of this thesis was to study tourist satisfaction in online accommodation booking. Nowadays it is very common to conduct any kind of business online because of its practicality, accessibility and convenience. These days online is a community and it is a very effective way to build relation with the consumers. Hospitality firms like hostel and restaurants are using online community as a marketing tool to reach their customers. Studies have found four participation benefits as to participate in the online community marketing service. Internet is a communication tool which allows individuals and the organization to overcome geographical, time and age constraints. It also allows that the consumers and the companies around the world can connect at any time they want. The target group for the survey were the students in Jakobstad studying at Centria UAS. As the researchers were students themselves it was interesting to find out about other students' traveling experiences and where they particularly preferred to stay during their travels. Students usually cannot afford to expensive luxury accommodation so therefore it was truly intriguing to find out their habits on this matter. In the survey the main questions were asked like which booking systems and sites did they mostly use and if they were satisfied with the services they received. This thesis report was divided into two parts whereas the theoretical framework was first introduced and then followed the empirical framework with the research methodology part. The quantitative research method was used in the report. Based on the study results it appeared that both online marketing and online accommodation booking had mainly caused positive impacts on the respondents' travels and they found that online booking system was very helpful, accessible and convenient. There were a few respondents who on the contrary did not have much or at all experience in any kind of online booking hence they were not used to travel much.


In 1996, John Perry Barlow, the founder of the Electronic Frontier Foundation, published A Declaration of the Independence of Cyberspace, a response to the Telecommunications Act of 1996, that President Clinton, "that great invertebrate in the White House," had just signed into law. Barlow vehemently rejected the right of any national government to create laws for cyberspace: "You have no moral right to rule us nor do you possess any methods of enforcement we have true reason to fear. . . . [C]yberspace does not lie within your borders." It is a mark of the tremendous influence of libertarian ideology in cyberspace that a few years later President Clinton too en-


Objective To explore the value and indication of Quisi in the diagnosis of depression Methods The all night Quisi was recorded from 24 patients with depression and 21 normal controls, by using a Germany Quisi Instrument Results (1) No statistical differences on sleep parameters were found between the first and second nights′ recordings in depression group (2) Compared with that of normal controls, the Quisi of depressive group presented a shorter REM latency ( P 0 05~0 01) Conclusions The characteristics of Quisi of depression patient deserve further studying


The present invention provides a method of processing an aluminum alloy and a surface of a surface-treated aluminum alloy and resin composite material and its preparation method, wherein the surface treatment of aluminum, including aluminum alloys and the body surface of the anode oxide film layer, wherein , the anodized film layer by an outer skin portion and an inner part, an outer surface layer comprising etching hole portion, etching the aperture hole is 200nm-2000nm, the inner layer portion contains nanopores, the pore size of nanopores 10-100nm. We can have a good bond with the resin, and the process is simple and easy to mass-produced, non-polluting.


Presents preliminary results of complex paleomagnetic and paleontological investigations of the Upper Cretaceous deposits of wells Vankor 10 and Vostochno-Lodochnay 1p stripped in the North-East of Western Siberia (Krasnoyarsk region). The Upper Cretaceous magnetostratigraphic sections of the both wells (Dolgan and Doroschkovskaya Suites) are developed. Dolgan and Doroschkovskaya suites are characterized by normal polarity with low power horizons of reversal magnetization.


How do you tell if someone is not well? You take the person's temperature. If it is too warm, something is not quite right. We care about how the weather and climate are changing in Alaska's national parks, so we continuously take their temperatures. We have dozens of weather stations in remote locations in the northern Alaska parks that run continuously, powered by the sun. Over the past several years, we found that the air and ground temperatures have been warmer than normal. Plants, animals, and people get used to living in their environments. They thrive within an expected temperature range. Things get out of whack when the environment that organisms are accustomed to changes. In northern Alaska, warming of just a few degrees can cause ice to melt and formerly frozen ground to thaw. Once the ground thaws, the ice changes to water and the landscape changes.


The durability of the modification epoxy adhesive in salt water is studied with single lap shear strength,and analyzed by DMA,SEM and XPS.In salt water,on the one hand Cl-ions can accelerate the hydrolyzation of N-H in the adhesive,yet decrease the Tg and cohesive strength of the adhesive.On the other hand,a great of polar functional groups are produced,so single lap shear strength of the adhesive do not decrease.In order to increase the single lap shear strength and durability of the adhesive,adhesive should be modificated by the toughness with polar functional group,especially-C=O group be formula.


This paper includes a development of spectrophotometric method for the determination of metoclopramide.HCl. The method involves the diazotization of metoclopramide.HCl and coupling with pyridoxine. HCl, to form an intense orange colored, water-soluble and stable azo-dye which shows a maximum absorption at 470 nm. Beer's law is obeyed over the range 0.5-30 μg/ml metaclopramide. HCl with a molar absorptivity of 1.98*10 L.mol.cm, The average recovery is 99.27% and relative standard deviation of ± 0.124 to ± 0.778%. This method has been applied successfully to the determination of metoclopramide.HCl in pharmaceutical preparations.


In this thesis, control of future AC/DC systems for improved system dynamic performance is studied. The objective is to determine mechanisms for providing AC network services (e.g. frequency support, damping, etc.) through coordinated control of HVDC power converters and FACTS devices while considering increased levels of wind generation. In particular, this work addresses some of the concerns associated with the stability of the future Great Britain (GB) transmission network as it evolves to support low carbon generation scenarios and the use of DC grids to integrate offshore renewable resources and form a sub-sea interconnection across Europe. The contributions of this thesis are in two main areas: emergency control for power system stabilization and exchange of frequency support across a DC grid. Fast control of FACTS devices and HVDC links can be exercised as a post-fault corrective action to maintain system stability without the need of constraining pre-fault transfer levels. This work employs a model predictive control (MPC) scheme that relies on system wide-area measurements to preserve the system stability after critical contingencies. MPC can explicitly account for system constraints and changing operating conditions and is therefore suited for on-line applications and power electronic actuators with limited short-term overload capability. The effectiveness of the proposed approach is demonstrated using time domain simulations on representative equivalent models of the future GB transmission network. A detailed analysis of the dynamic behaviour and stability issues associated with the GB transmission grid have also been presented. In the DC grid context, this thesis investigates the provision of frequency services considering frequency droop loops in the control of the converters. The interaction between onshore AC systems and a DC grid is analyzed through an extended steady-state formulation. A methodology for providing frequency response from offshore wind farms connected through a DC grid is also proposed. The performance of this scheme is illustrated both analytically and also through simulation results.


We present a new method for the identification of linear time-invariant passive systems from noisy frequency response data. In particular, we propose to fit a parametrized port-Hamiltonian (pH) system, which is automatically passive, to supplied data with respect to a least-squares objective function. In a numerical study, we assess the accuracy of the resulting identified models by comparing our method to two other frequency domain system identification methods. One of the methods being compared is a recently published identification procedure that also computes pH systems and the other one is the well-known vector-fitting algorithm, which provides unstructured models. The numerical evaluation demonstrates a substantial increase in accuracy of our method compared to the other pH identification procedure and a slightly improved accuracy compared to vector-fitting. This underlines the suitability of our method for the estimation of passive or pH systems – in particular from noisy frequency response data.


Ergonomic evaluations for the working postures of beauty industry workers using three major checklist (OWAS, RULA, REBA) were conducted in this study. Basically, jobs (high risk jobs) belonged to risk levels 3 and 4 were identified. The main results in this study have been obtained as follows; 1) Drying(based on RULA results), shampooing(based on OWAS, RULA results), and colorin (based on RULA results), cutting(based on RULA results) were turned out to be the jobs in hair-cutting part belonged to the category of high risk jobs, 2) Leg(based on OWAS, RULA, REBA results), back(based on RULA results), abdomen(based on OWAS, RULA results), and arm(based on RULA results) were turned out to be the jobs in skin-care part belonged to the category of high risk jobs and face was not associated with high risk job based on any results of all three checklists, 3) Foot care(based on OWAS, RULA results) and hand care(based on RULA results) were turned out to be the jobs in nail-care part belonged to the category of high risk jobs and artificial nail was not associated with high risk job based on any results of all three checklists, 4) Face make-up for make-up part was not belonged to the category of high risk jobs. Specifically, MSDs risks for the jobs in skin-care part were turned out to be higher than those of other part. All the results obtained from this study could be used as baseline data for MSDs intervention of Beauty industry jobs.


In this work, we present novel Bayesian algorithms for acoustic echo cancellation and residual echo suppression in the presence of a memoryless loudspeaker nonlinearity. The system nonlinearity is modeled using a basis-generic nonlinear expansion. This allows us to express the microphone observation in the DFT domain in terms of the nonlinear-expansion coefficients and the acoustic echo path. We augment the observation model with first-order Markov models for the echo-path vector and the nonlinear-expansion coefficients to arrive at a composite state-space model. The echo path vector and each nonlinear-expansion coefficient are designated as the unknown random variables in our Bayesian model. The posterior estimators for the random variables and the learning rules for the a priori unknown model parameters are then derived via the maximization of the variational lower bound on the log likelihood. We further show that a Bayesian post-filter for residual echo suppression can be derived by optimizing a minimum-mean-square error (MMSE) cost function subject to marginalization with respect to the posteriors estimated in the echo cancellation stage. The effectiveness of the approach is supported by simulation results and an analysis using instrumental performance measures.


The devices and methods described involve driving a working tool in an axial direction such that linear movement is controlled and measurable and injury to structures surrounding a bone to be drilled can be avoided. A medical drilling device (200) comprises a housing (210) comprising a proximal end of the housing and a distal end, an axial drive shaft extending through a region of the housing between the proximal and distal ends and engaged with an axial drive motor (230), a rotational drive shaft extending through a region of the housing between the proximal and distal ends and engaged with a rotational drive motor (260) configured to rotate the rotational drive shaft around a longitudinal axis of the rotational drive shaft, a coupler (290) configured to rotate with the rotational drive shaft around the longitudinal axis of the rotational drive shaft and removably couple with a working tool (310), a drill guide assembly coupled to the axial drive shaft and comprising a drill guide (370) configured to receive the working tool (310) therethrough, a transducer interfaced to the axial drive shaft and an electronics package in electronic communication with the transducer. The electronics package is configured to control actuation of the axial drive motor to cause the axial drive shaft to drive the drill guide assembly in an axial direction towards the proximal end of the housing thereby revealing a portion of the working tool (310) beyond a distal end of the drill guide available to engage a target tissue. The axial drive shaft is axially aligned with the longitudinal axis of the rotational drive shaft.


Currently,the revision of provisions about Unit Crime should be centrally formulated in the form of amendment bill.The concept of unit crime should be clearly and definitely provided in criminal law.The subject of unit crime,though not applied to agency,should not be restricted to legal entity.It is suggest that negligent unit crime be increasingly instituted,strict bipartite punishment system be taken,and more punishment against qualifications be set up.


Explains the concept of quadriffizle - a four channel home entertainment system. Discusses its technology, special features, and communications capaibabilities.


Under the School Credit System, a new teaching mode of public P E courses is constructed , and all the courses are divided into the basic quality training courses and profession training courses; and some experiments and analysis on the structure of courses are carried out as well , which are proved workable and effective Meanwhile, some new problems also arise and the relevant solutions to them are suggested Here, the author suggests that a detailed and scientific consideration of the designing of the courses and the related study on the criteria of courses be performed in order to have the credit system carried out more significantly and the P E courses further reformed


SiC whisker reinforced aluminium alloy (SiCw/Al) composite is a kind of advanced material with high properties, and has been extensively studied since the 1980's. Many researches have shown that the high SiC-Al interface bond strength is the main reason for the high strength and modulus of the SiCw/Al composites. In the SiCw/Al composites made by powder metallurgy, there is no reaction in the SiC-Al interfaces, but there is element diffusion, so it is concluded that the diffusion bonding is the main reason for the high SiC-Al interface bond strength in the SiCw/Al composites. However, the study on


This paper contributes to the body of knowledge on search frictions in credit markets by demonstrating their ability to explain why the net interest margins of banks behave countercyclically. During periods of expansion, a fall in the net interest margin proceeds from two mechanisms: (i) lenders accept that they must finance entrepreneurs who have lower productivity; (ii) the liquidity of the credit market rises, which simplifies access to loans for entrepreneurs and thereby reinforces their threat point when bargaining the interest rate of the loan.


We propose a new (CQ) algorithm for strictly asymptotically pseudo-contractive mappings and obtain a strong convergence theorem for this class ofmappings in the framework of Hilbert spaces. DOI :  http://dx.doi.org/10.22342/jims.18.104.22.168-38


2D ZnIn2S4 nanosheets were synthesized via a trisodium citrate-assisted hydrothermal method and used for the oxidation of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural to 2,5-diformylfuran and 5-formyl-2-furan with atmospheric O2 under visible light irradiation.


Mg0.2Zn0.8O/metal nanoparticle systems have been fabricated and investigated. The photoluminescence results indicate that Al and Au nanoparticles could slightly enhance the near-band-edge (NBE) emission from Mg0.2Zn0.8O. In contrast, a giant and tunable NBE emission enhancement could be induced by Ag nanoparticles based on the coupling interaction between the hybridized quadrupole plasmon in Ag nanoparticle aggregation and the excitons of Mg0.2Zn0.8O. Interestingly, the intensity and position of the narrow quadrupole resonance could be controlled by tuning the interspace gap and size of Ag nanoparticles, which was clearly demonstrated both experimentally and theoretically. Our findings may pave the way for further development of high-efficiency UV light-emitting devices.


ABSTRACT This paper aims to establish a parallel between Meister Eckhart's statement that 'God is Nothing' and Martin Heidegger's claim that 'Being is Nothing.' By observing a pattern of negation in the thought of both thinkers I will ultimately suggest that in these statements, they have reached the same conclusion. To observe negation in Eckhart I will examine his principle of indistinct distinction, which ultimately negates negation itself; for Heidegger I will consider the ontological difference between Being and beings, which too must necessarily be negated to disclose the Nothing. One key distinction that I aim to demonstrate between the two thinkers is how each considers the pertinence of the Nothing in human experience. For Eckhart, our experience of the Nothing has a unifying role, whereas for Heidegger it remains wholly repellent, in the literal sense of 'driving back.' Moreover, beyond the particulars of Eckhart and Heidegger, I will aim to defend the legitimacy of the Nothing as a philosophical concept.


Designs for DNA origami have previously been limited by the size of the available single-stranded genomes for scaffolds. Here we present a straightforward method for the production of scaffold strands having various lengths, using polymerase chain reaction amplification followed by strand separation via streptavidin-coated magnetic beads. We have applied this approach in assembling several distinct DNA nanostructures that have thin ( approximately 10 nm) features and branching points, making them potentially useful templates for nanowires in complex electronic circuitry.


Sturge-Weber syndrome (SWS) is a progressive condition of mesodermal phakomatosis. This preliminary study is the first report of CYP1B1 mutation analysis in SWS with congenital glaucoma. PurposeMutations in CYP1B1 gene are the major cause of congenital glaucoma. CYP1B1 is involved in metabolism of melatonin, retinol, and other endogenous/exogenous substrates. Mutations in CYP1B1 adversely affect signal transduction pathways and thus impair development/differentiation of anterior segment structures. This results in impaired aqueous outflow. CYP1B1 has higher expression in fetal eyes and plays major role in morphogenesis of iris, ciliary body, and anterior chamber angle. Hence, we decided to evaluate SWS cases with buphthalmos for 6 most prevalent CYP1B1 mutations by polymerase chain reaction-restriction-fragment length polymorphism followed by sequencing. Trabecular meshwork was studied for morphological alterations by scanning electron microscopy. ResultsAll patients had normal 46, XY karyotype. Polymerase chain reaction-restriction-fragment length polymorphism showed CYP1B1 mutations in 2 of 5 SWS cases. Scanning electron microscopy findings were suggestive of trabecular dysgenesis. DiscussionNo CYP1B1 mutation has been reported in any SWS case till date because syndromic cases were not analyzed for mutations in earlier studies. Earlier studies have reported that onset of glaucoma in SWS shows a bimodal pattern. The results from this pilot study show that SWS cases with gyral calcification, buphthalmos, and early onset glaucoma should be analyzed for CYP1B1 mutations. The effect of vascular malformation-induced venous engorgement and raised intraocular pressure may only be additive and may result in a much more severe phenotype. ConclusionSWS with buphthalmos and gyral calcification should undergo CYP1B1 mutation analysis to identify an underlying genetic pathology for glaucoma. This will aid in determining the prognosis and management and will also help to provide comprehensive counseling in such cases.


-1 /T ANY motilers bring their young .Lv1 daughters to the pediatrician because tiley have noticed a discharge on the Chlilds underclothing. Most of such discharges are notiling more than desquamation of tile epithehial cells at perhaps a more rapid pace than usual. Such a discharge, commonly referred to as "whites," occurs normally ill the adult female. No pathologic is involved in either tile child or the woman and 110 treatment is indicated. On tile other hand, a discharge which is irnitatillg, malodorous, and provokes an inflammatory response, has a pathologic background. By far the greater number of such cases fall into one of the following


With the purpose of improving the flex- ibility of current regulatory detailed planning by shift- ing the regulation mode from passive control to active guidance, this paper demonstrates the regulation method of grading demand of proper land-use and land-use quantity balancing in one district. And in the process of improving the regulating index system, indices are introduced such as ratio of land property, concentrative green land ratio, limited lowest building height etc.


Recently, fuel cell is a good alternative for energy source. Separator is a important component for fuel cell. In this study, The surface of separator was modified for corrosion resistance and electric conductivity. Reduced graphene oxide (rGO) was made by Staudenmaier's method. Nickel, phosphorus and rGO were coated on 6061 aluminum alloy as a separator of proton exchange membrane fuel cell by composite electroless plating. Scanning electron microscope, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy were used to examine the morphology of Ni-P-rGO. Surface images were shown that the rGO was dispersed on the surface of Ni-P electroless plating, and nickel was combined with the un-reduced oxygen functional group of rGO.


Effective pest monitoring programmes are needed for providing reliable advice on when pest populations require active management. We studied whether suction‐trap catches of the grain aphid Sitobion avenae during the period 1989–2009 can be used to predict field infestations of this aphid in Swedish winter wheat fields. We found that suction‐trap catches of S. avenae until the time of crop heading (GS51) were significantly related to both number of aphids per tiller (R2 = 0.69 at GS 59 and R2 = 0.27 at GS 69) and proportion of fields with infestations above economic threshold (R2 = 0.49 at GS 59 and R2 = 0.40 at GS 69). This effect was consistent across Swedish regions and years. This information could be used by advisory services and farmers to decide whether field inspection to estimate the profitability of insecticide treatment at heading is needed. To improve the predictive ability further, suction‐trap catches could be combined with weather data and information about biological control potential in different landscapes.


2004-2006 T32-funded Post-Doctoral Fellow, Carolina Institute for Developmental Disabilities, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (PI: Joseph Piven, MD) 2004 Pre-doctoral Clinical Psychology Intern, Durham VA Medical Center, Durham, NC. 2004 Ph.D., Clinical Psychology, Vanderbilt University, Advisor: Andrew J. Tomarken, Ph.D. 1995 B.A., Psychology (Concentration in Neural and Behavioral Sciences), Haverford College. 2008-present Licensed Psychologist and Certified Health Service Provider, North Carolina (#3548).


Teaching ultrasound-guided percutaneous breast interventions to a trainee may be a challenge, given the often high-anxiety environment in the subspecialty of breast imaging. This article aims to teach an organized approach, including simulation practice with an emphasis on consistent feedback and role modeling, as well as practical and relevant physics, to help trainees accelerate acquisition of these important skills during their training.


The problems of architectural shaping of tourism objects integrated into the wetland landscape are considered. The principles of "green architecture" have been adopted as the main design method in the formation of tourist complexes in the wetlands of Southern Iraq. The characteristic types of "autonomies" of the wetlands that have historically developed on the territory of the Iraqi marshes have been identified, including: a) a cultural landscape with the remains of former Sumerian cities; b) the natural preserved natural landscape of the Huweiza swamp; c) the degraded landscape of the Eastern and Western Hammar swamps, the Central Marshes. For each type of wetland landscape, a set of optimal methods and approaches is proposed for the formation of a sustainable "green architecture" of tourism facilities aimed at its conservation, rehabilitation and development. Techniques for organizing possible planning models of accommodation and spatial solution of dwellings and objects for tourists, adapted to the conditions of southern Iraq, are presented. A theoretical model for the formation of a tourist cluster in the wetlands of Southern Iraq is proposed, including four levels of organization of "green architecture" objects: 1) the level of allocation of "autonomies" of the wetland landscape, taking into account its natural and cultural potential; 2) the level of definition of "structural units" of the wetland landscape; 3) the level of search for optimal forms of tourism for each autonomy; 4) the level of building models of "green architecture" objects for each form of tourism


When the 2008 Financial Crisis collapsed the global financial system, global financial regulators and participants turn their attention to the research of early warning system and preventive measurements of financial catastrophe. Researches show strong negative correlation between VIX index and the spot market index. The relation implies the potential value of volatility index in trading application. VIX index is now commonly used as trading reference indicator in financial market. There are some lately studies focusing on the difference between VIX and VXO volatility trading strategy applications. However, no comparison has been made regarding the effectiveness between volatility indexes and price data. Therefore, the research will apply implied volatility and spot market index to the technical analysis models to generate buying or selling signs, which can be applied to the formulation of future market trading strategies. The outcome will be assessed by the profit of trading. The result will provide evidences to compare the effectiveness between implied volatility and price data. An empirical study pointed out that implied volatility will be a better index than price data in trading strategies formulated by RSI、W%R、KD and Bollinger Band indexes. The effectiveness of implied volatility is noticeable especially in the Bollinger Band case. The research also indicates the effectiveness of applying implied volatility to formulate MACD、KD、RSI indexes will generate better profitability during 2008 Financial Crisis than the average period of the previous 39 months.


Objective: This paper aims to discuss the prevention and treatment strategies of gastrointestinal diseases in
college students. Methods: A sample of 60 college students suffering from gastrointestinal diseases, from August 2021 to August 2022, was used to discuss the symptoms, causes, prevention strategies, and treatment strategies of gastrointestinal diseases based on questionnaire survey. Results: The high-incidence types of gastrointestinal diseases in college students mainly included chronic gastritis, acute gastritis, duodenal ulcer, and dyspepsia, which were closely related to mental state, diet, and living habits. Conclusion: There are many causes of gastrointestinal diseases in college students. During the period of active symptomatic treatment, it is necessary to focus on the prevention of gastrointestinal diseases in colleges and universities, correct the unhealthy lifestyle of students, and reduce the risk of gastrointestinal diseases.


In this work we continue the investigation of concentration of measure of higher order for various finite spin systems. We show that under the presence of a logarithmic Sobolev inequality it is possible to estimate the growth of the $L^p$-norms of any function, which leads to concentration inequalities. Applications to several statistics in the exponential random graph models, the random coloring models, the hard-core model and the Erd\"os-Renyi model are given. We show the effect of better concentration results by centering not around the mean of the statistic (a zero order approximation), but around a stochastic term (a first order approximation) in the exponential random graph model. In the Erd\"os-Renyi model we prove a central limit theorem for various subgraph counts.


A one-dimensional view of capitalism inevitably leads to the conclusion that labour is in a state of deep crisis. However, if we examine globalization as a contradictory process, then it is possible to regard its relationship with labour as a transformative one. In this context, the decline of trade union density in developed countries and the rise of new forms of trade unionism in selected countries of the South, illustrate the contradictory relationship between labour and capital. In accordance with Marx, capitalist expansion not only does away with old forms of labour organizations, but has the tendency to create new forms of labour resistance. Similarly, Polanyi argues that attempts to disembed the economy (return to free market enterprise) from the rest of society will be resisted by societal forces. Introduction This paper argues that whether labour is in a state of crisis or whether it has the potential to move in the direction of creating a new international formation will depend on how we interpret the phenomenon of globalization. If we think that globalization is something new and a totally unprecedented phenomenon, then it is logical to conclude labour is doomed. However, if we should generalize on the grounds of certain empirical developments about the possibility of a new internationalism, then there is a possibility we could have succumbed to one-sided narrow empiricism. A one-dimensional view of globalization is not only a historical, but highly selective enterprise that might not do justice to the nature of contemporary capitalist development. By borrowing some of the ideas of Marx and Polanyi about the nature of labour resistance, this paper will argue that globalization understood as a feature of late capitalism is basically a contradictory process. Formerly with the National University of Malaysia 6 Labour-Capital Dialectic For Marx, labour power is not a commodity; it is merely a "fictitious commodity". Since labour is not a commodity, the capitalist finds out that if workers are exploited too much, they will develop the tendency to complain and resist. Capitalism is seen as producing both misery and growing proletarian power. The history of capitalist development is the history of the dialectic between workers' resistance to exploitation at the point of production and the efforts of capital to overcome the resistance by constantly revolutionizing production and social relations. An understanding of Marx's theory allows us to expect constant transformation of the working class and the forms of labourcapital conflict. Changes in the realm of production and social relations may disorganize and weaken some sections of the working class, but at the same time it allows for the rise of new agencies and new forms of demands and conflicts (Marx, 1959; Singer, 2003: 18). Polanyi's concept of "embeddedness" reveals that the economy is subordinated to politics, religion and social relations; in other words, market transactions depend upon trust, mutual understanding and legal enforcement of contracts. For Polanyi, the goal of a self-regulating market is a utopian project that could never be realized. The objective of turning human beings and the environment into pure commodities would lead to the destruction of society and the natural environment. He is of the view that a completely self-regulating economy cannot be achieved because people will resist such a tendency (Polanyi, 1944; Singer 2003; Block, 2001: 7-8). It is the distinction between real and fictitious commodities that determines Polanyi's argument. Labour, land and money are fictitious commodities because they cannot be disembedded from the larger society. Attempts to disembed the economy from society will ultimately fail due to the strong resistance from workers. The move to disembed the economy from society and the counter-movement to resist is termed "doublemovement". According to Polanyi, the movement towards a completely self-regulating market needs the counter-movement to create stability (Block, 2001: 12). Globalization is an ambiguous concept because of the many meanings attached to it. This paper will adopt the position that globalization is basically a feature of advanced capitalism. It will differ from the conventional market-centred perspective that


Paigeite from Kamaishi, Iwate Prefecture, with a composition near to the Fe end-member of ludwigite group, has been described. The mineral, a product of boron metasomatism related with a gianodioritic intrusion, is found as fibrous aggregates associated with magnetite, hedenbergite, andradite, phlogopite, pyr rhotite and chalcopyrite in the iron ores of the skarn type. Its X-ray diffraction pattern is very similar to those of minerals of the ludwigite group. Ore microscopic observations have been made. Chemical analysis gave the following percentages and formula :SiO2 1.16, Ti02 0.11, Fe203 29.84, FeO 48.72, MnO 0.62, MgO 1.51, CaO 1.60, Na20 0.29, B203 13.24, CO2 1.14, H20(+) 0.70, H20(-) 0.52, S 0.09, Total 99.54; (Fe", Mg, Mn") 2Fe"'B05. Introduction The minerals of the ludwigite-paigeite series occur usually in dolomite or limestone in granitic regions. They are considered to be the products of boron metasomatism that accompanies a granitic intrusion. Of them magnesium-rich.ludwigite is much more abund antly found than iron-rich paigeite, of which the account has been given heretofore only occasionally. Paigeite from Kamaishi, which has an outward likeness to ilvaite, had long been taken for it before we recognized recently as one of the minerals of the ludwigite group. Mode of occurrence Paigeite from Kamaishi, Iwate Prefecture, Japan, is found in the * Read at the joint meeting of the Society of Mining Geologists of Japan and the Mineralogical Society of Japan held in Sendai on October 4, 1953. T. WATANABE and J. ITO 85 contact zone of granodiorite which is intruded into the older por phyrite and Paleozoic fromation consisting mainly of slate and limestone. It is closely intermixed with massive magnetite which , being developed extensively , makes up the main ore body of the Shin yama ore deposit, Kamaishi iron mine. Other minerals associated are hedenbergite, andradite , pyrrhotite, chalcopyrite and calcite. Usually being fibrous aggregates , no outward form has been observed. Fine needles of paigeite are found disseminated in marble that borders the garnet-magnetite skarn mass . The marble is rather poor in magnesia as shown by the result of chemical analysis: Si02 9.84%, A1203 3.77%, Fe203+FeO 3.91%, MnO 0.14%, MgO 2.94%, CaO 45.14%, Na20 0.53%, K20 1.34%, Ig. loss 31.82%, Total 99.43%. It is to be noted that the analysed specimen con tained a small amount of garnet, phlogopite, apatite, paigeite and tourmaline. Physical properties The mineral is dark gray to steel black with silky luster. Opa que. Cleavage is not distinct. Streak is black. The mineral, when free from magnetite and other ingredients, is not magnetic. Specific gravity is 4.53 (measured by a pycnometer at the room tempera ture). Hardness is about 5. Microscopic observations Although usually opaque, the extremely fine needles embedded in marble show pleochroism under the microscope: Z'//elongation, brown; X' ?? elongation, deep green (Plate I, Fig. 1). Absorption Z'>X'. Extinction straight. Polished surfaces are usually smooth under the ore-microscope. Parting is observed rarely. Intermediate hardness. Colour varies from brownish gray to dark bluish gray in air as well as in oil. Internal reflexion is occasionally observed with the oil-immersion lens. Reflexion-pleochroism is very distinct: // elongation, grayish brown; L elongation, bluish gray. Between 86 Paigeite (Ferroludwigite) from the Kamaishi Iron Mine the crossed nicols anisotropism is very strong, too (Plate I, Fig. 2). Intensive manifold polarization-colour is observed: reddish brown to pale grayish blue. Four extinctions per revolution. Etch reactions after Short's method negative. Paigeite with these characteristics is very similar to ludwigite and has some in common with ilvaite. Chemical composition Fibrous aggregates apparently free from sulphides and other impurities were treated with warm concentrated HC1 for a short time and analyzed by the usual methods. The result given in Table 1, has revealed that the mineral has the composition, 4 (Fe, Table 1. Chemical analysis of paigeite from Kamaishi 1. Paigeite from Kamaishi. Analyst J. Ito. 2, 3, 4. Molecular ratios. 5. Theoretical composition of paigeite: Fe"2 Fey"' B05. Mg, Mn) O.Fe2O3.B2O3 or (Fe", Mg, Mn")2 Fe"'BO5 with the ratio Fe'': Mg :Mn"=0.94:0.05:0.01. The mineral, containing 94% Fe"2 Fe"'BO5 T. WATANABE and I. ITO 87 against 5% Mg2 Fe"'B05 molecules , is one of the nearest to the Fe rich end member of the ludwigite-paigeite series so far known .


Toiletries are the subgroup of cosmetics mainly used for cleansing and personal hygiene of the skin, the hair or the dentition. Some of these preparations may be considered also to have medicinal characteristics and are liable to be placed in a 'borderline'category which may have regulatory implications.


The skills of skull-base drilling and cerebral revascularization are now essential in open surgery for cerebral aneurysms. For this purpose, achieving a bloodless operative field, and identifying and preserving the normal anatomical structures are imperative. We propose the effectiveness of creating a bloodless operative field and operating under a high magnetic field by presenting four common approaches for aneurysm surgery: the transsylvian approach; interhemispheric approach; extradural anterior clinoidectomy; and lateral suboccipital approach. Here we show how we achieve our preferred operative field and present our operative figures. For safe, high-quality clipping of cerebral aneurysms, vascular surgeons should create a bloodless operative field, adjust to surgery under a high magnetic field and train hard for skull-base drilling by attending cadaver courses.


Prior research suggests that prejudice and structural disadvantage (e.g., cissexism, racism, sexism) put transgender and nonbinary (TNB) young adults at risk for adverse romantic relationship experiences, yet supportive romantic relationships may help TNB young adults cope with these stressors and promote their psychological wellbeing. Accordingly, there is a need to better understand how TNB young adults navigate romantic relationships in the context of prejudice and structural disadvantage. To address this topic, we analyzed in-depth interviews with TNB young adults (18–30 years; N = 30) using template-style thematic analysis, guided by intersectionality as an analytical framework. Our analysis resulted in three themes. Theme 1 describes how prejudice and structural disadvantage constrained the strategies that TNB young adults used to pursue fulfilling romantic relationships (e.g., leaving adverse relationships). Theme 2 addresses the tradeoffs that some participants faced in their romantic relationships, including tradeoffs between psychological needs related to their social identities (e.g., gender identity affirmation) and general psychological needs (e.g., intimacy). Theme 3 highlights individual and contextual factors (e.g., lessons from prior romantic relationships) that helped participants build fulfilling romantic relationship. These themes form the basis for the Identity Needs in Relationships Framework, a new conceptual framework addressing how TNB young adults navigate romantic relationships in the context of prejudice and structural disadvantage. The framework offers an explanation for why some TNB young adults maintain romantic relationships that seem to undermine their wellbeing, and it draws attention to strategies and resources that may help TNB young adults form fulfilling romantic relationships despite the prejudice and structural disadvantage they face.


In this paper, we establish the composition-diamond lemma for right-symmetric algebras. As an application, we give a Grobner-Shirshov basis for the universal enveloping right-symmetric algebra of a Lie algebra.


Throughefforts of more than 10years,drug classification systemhas been initially established in China,butat this stage there exist certainproblems in theimplementationofthis system,which is closely associated with theattitude of the retail pharmacies during the implementationofthis system.Incentive theory was used in this paper for theanalysis ofthe causes.To solve such problems,administrative guidance should be strengthened,and illegal cost of bad behavior should be increased.


Abstract A fast potentiometric determination method has been reported for pentazocine in human plasma without complicated pretreatments using a coated-wire potentiometric selective electrode. The sensing membrane was made by incorporating of ion-association complexes of pentazocine cation and sodium tetraphenyl borate (NaTPB) in a polyvinyl chloride. The sensor exhibited fast, stable, and linear Nernstian response over the range of 5 × 10−5 to 0.1 mol L−1 pentazocine with a slope of 57.8 mV per decade and with detection limit of 3.2 × 10−5 mol L−1. The proposed sensor has been used for determination of pentazocine in human plasma and urine.


The author investigates the history of development of criminal legislation on liability for offenses related to violation of traffic safety rules or operation of transport, from 1917 to 2014. The paper analyzes the decrees and resolutions of the Soviet period in the field of traffic safety, articles of the Criminal code of the RSFSR as amended in 1922 and 1926, acting on the territory of modern Kazakhstan until January 1, 1960, the norms of the Criminal Code of the Kazakh SSR in 1959, the Criminal Code of the Republic of Kazakhstan as amended in 1997 and 2014 on transport crimes. The analyzed period is characterized by the appearance of a special Chapter of the special part of the Criminal Code, a steady increase in the number of articles on liability for transport offenses, the specification of articles of a general nature by the allocation of special rules, tougher responsibility for violations of safety rules, which caused serious consequences, the transfer of certain transport administrative offenses to the criminal law, etc. This trend is explained by the rapid growth of the country's transport fleet, the increase in speed, intensity of traffic, the need to protect society from accidents and catastrophes and bringing the criminal law in line with the needs of practice.


The fast field program (FFP) is a fast, convenient method employing the fast Fourier transform to compute propagation loss as a function of range. The FFP integrates directly the exact integral solution of the wave equation derived from point harmonic sources in multilayered media. In the past, the bottom has been represented by a layered liquid, but here the FFP is used to investigate some effects at low frequencies of a layered solid bottom on propagation loss as a function of range. Computations of propagation loss are compared between bottoms with the same layer thicknesses, compressional‐wave velocity, and density but with and without rigidity. In deep water, the main effect in the band 8–30 Hz on propagation loss of a solid bottom is to alter the detailed fluctuations of loss with range in response to the multipath interference of the waves, but the smoothed loss with range commonly measured from explosive sources is not significantly different for the test cases over the range intervals up to 200 k...


Space as 'landscape' (rather than 'seascape'), rainforest in this case, has been fundamental for satisfying the resource needs of Borneo's foragers in East Malaysia. Due to deforestation in areas w...


Th e non-destructive assay of canisters of Pu-contaminated wastes and residues can be rendered impractical by traditional neutron multiplicity counting techniques when the random to spontaneous fission neutron ratio is high since accidental coincidences can then swamp the correlated signal. Provided a reliable isotopic vector for the principal heat-producing radio-nuclides can be obtained, with enough Pu present and sufficient measurement time, nuclear calorimetry offers a viable alternative approach in many such cases. Given the high precision and accuracy that can be typically obtained, calorimetry has long been an important tool for nuclear material accountability. More recently the technique has also been considered for bias-defect measurements as well as application to measuring minor actinides. Indeed the need for nuclear calorimetry to serve as the gold standard in the NDA of Pu (and certain other nuclear materials) has never been greater and yet expertise and commercial availability is declining. Here, we assess the performance of a commercial off the shelf (COTS) unit to gauge the current state of the practice. Specifically we report on the calibration of a COTS nuclear calorimeter of the twin cell design with an assay cavity of nominally 18-liter capacity. The cavity is approximately 222mm x 292mm in cross section with a height of 272mm, originally being designed to accept vitrified glass blocks, but as such has the advantage that it can accept a diverse range of item shapes and sizes. Our focus has been to establish a calibration using a Joule effect heater and to compare it with a calibration performed using certified Pu reference material. We observed a modest heater cable effect and noted an apparent container specific baseline. We examined the impact of varying the spatial heat load pattern and performed some trials with mock 3013 storage containers. The results are presented systematically and discussed in terms of measurement accuracy according to measurement scenario. We also give all numerical results for completeness.


ELIMINATING THE ON-SITE PARKING requirement is the clear best choice for every main street and downtown. Eliminating parking is not. Many American downtowns need to provide new parking as they grow, especially as ugly surface parking lots become building sites. The typical way to densify an unwalkable urban area into a walkable one is to turn surface parking lots into structured decks with a smaller footprint. How that parking is built and managed can be key to a place's success or failure.


The main of this paper is to develop a thermal model of an octagonal integrated inductor multilayer. A comprehensive study on the topology of inductor is presented to obtain a better quality factor. Temperature distribution is obtained using analytical calculation from finite difference method and finite element method in 2D. The results of this analytical method are compared with simulation results using Comsol software. The good agreement between the results of calculations and simulation is obtained.


As internet usage grew, social media sites proliferated, and consumers began to use them more frequently. On social media, people share their daily lives, but they also express what they want to symbolize. This sharing includes conspicuous buying or consumption, presenting both opportunities and challenges for organizations. Therefore, the aim of this research was to investigate how the intensity of Instagram's usage as a social media platform affects conspicuous consumption. The data was gathered through a questionnaire administered to Instagram users (
 N= 230). Partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) determined the effect of the intensity of Instagram's usage as a social media platform on conspicuous consumption. According to the findings, the intensity of Instagram usage influenced the dimensions of conspicuous consumption (status, social impact, and sociability). By emphasizing conspicuous consumption, companies have an opportunity to impress their customers.


Osteoarthritis (OA), also known as degenerative joint disease, is the most common form of arthritis and a leading cause of disability worldwide. The incidence of OA increases with age, and disproportionately affects women. [1] Osteoarthritis causes the cartilage in a joint to become stiff and lose its elasticity, making it more susceptible to damage. Over time, the cartilage may wear away in some areas, greatly decreasing its ability to act as a shock absorber. As the cartilage deteriorates, tendons and ligaments stretch, causing pain. If the condition worsens, the bones could rub against each other. The disease most commonly affects the middleaged and elderly, although younger people may be affected as a result of injury or overuse. Age is the strongest predictor of the disease and therefore increasing age and extended life expectancy will result in a greater occurrence of the disease. Patients affected by this disease suffer from pain and loss of function. [1] The various treatments available are not capable of regenerating the muscle tissue back and decreasing the intensity of the disease hence; a new method called PRP (Platelet-rich Plasma) is nowadays being implemented.


Introduction More than 200 pathogens have been reported attacking common bean, some of them causing considerable economic losses (Graham et al 1997, Singh 1999). Good sources of resistance have been found mainly in Phaseolus coccineus L. and P. polyanthus Greenm. (Baudoin et al, 1992). Some interspecific crosses have been attempted by Lecomte (1997) and Geerts (2001) between P. polyanthus (C) and P, vulgaris. Although fertilized ovules were obtained, up to 60% of globular embryos failed within three to five days to develop due to undefined incompatibility barriers between embryo and mother plant. The aim of this study is to elucidate causes of embryo abortion in reciprocal crosses between P, vulgaris and P. polyanthus.


This article sets out a women's human rights approach to the legal regulation of sex work developed through an analysis of feminist perspectives, international human rights standards—in particular, the approach of the Committee on the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women 1979 (CEDAW)—and the voices of female sex workers within India. It categorises sex work into four legal models, namely, prohibition which criminalises all aspects of the sex trade, partial decriminalisation which criminalises only those who force women into sex work and those who trade in under-age sex workers, social control legalisation which decriminalises but regulates the sex trade with the aim of containing through (often punitive) restrictions, and finally pro-work which approaches sex work as valid employment by extending the legal and human rights of other workers to sex workers. The article places India's current regulatory framework into the prohibition model and argues that the legal response to sex work that most closely accords with a women's human rights approach is partial decriminalisation coupled with a pro-work model. Although the introduction of this model in India poses considerable challenges, it has the greatest capacity to first, reduce the crime and corruption that surrounds the sex trade; second, to enhance, promote and protect public health and third, provide appropriate legal and human rights protection to sex workers as international obligations require.


The effects of air and exhaust gas dilution on the CAI combustion of a range of fuels including three gasoline compositions, four primary reference fuels, and two alcohols are experimentally investigated using a single cylinder research engine. Two of the three gasolines tested are manufactured from standard gasoline during engine operation by a novel fuel system, designed to improve the performance of both controlled autoignition and spark ignition engines. A series of experimental tests are performed to establish the satisfactory combined air and exhaust gas dilution regions for each fuel. Detailed in-cylinder pressure and exhaust gas speciation measurements are taken, and the fuels are compared and contrasted for their performance in terms of power output, fuel consumption, and harmful exhaust emissions. Results show that alcohol fuels are superior to hydrocarbon fuels for controlled autoignition combustion because their autoignition characteristics are less affected by the presence of exhaust gas species. Furthermore, the timing of autoignition is shown to be of minor importance for achieving efficient and stable controlled autoignition combustion, contrary to widely held beliefs. In addition, the novel fuel system is developed and commissioned for use on a single cylinder research engine operating with a spark ignition system. The two gasoline fuels produced by the system are evaluated individually for their knocking combustion characteristics over a range of compression ratios and spark advances. Results from these tests indicate that the fuel system used in conjunction with a specially modified production engine may allow the normal compression ratio of that engine to be increased by up to 1.0, increasing its efficiency.


ANALYSIS OF GLUCOSE PROFILES AND HBA IN THE DIABETES CONTROL AND COMPLICATIONS TRIAL Abstract OBJECTIVE— To de ne the relationship between HbA and plasma glucose (PG) levels in patients with type 1 diabetes using data from the Diabetes Control and Complications Trial (DCCT). RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS— The DCCT was a multicenter, randomized clinical trial designed to compare intensive and conventional therapies and their relative e ects on the development and progression of diabetic complications in patients with type 1 diabetes. Quarterly HbA and corresponding seven-point capillary blood glucose pro les (premeal, postmeal, and bedtime) obtained in the DCCT were analyzed to de ne the relationship between HbA and PG. Only data from complete pro les with corresponding HbA were used (n = 26,056). Of the 1,441 subjects who participated in the study, 2 were excluded due to missing data. Mean plasma glucose (MPG) was estimated by multiplying capillary blood glucose by 1.11. Linear regression analysis weighted by the number of observations per subject was used to correlate MPG and HbA . RESULTS— Linear regression analysis, using MPG and HbA summarized by patient (n = 1,439), produced a relationship of MPG (mmol/l) = (1.98 ○1 HbA ) 4.29 or MPG (mg/dl) = (35.6 ○1 HbA ) 77.3, r = 0.82). Among individual time points, afternoon and evening PG (postlunch, predinner, postdinner, and bedtime) showed higher correlations with HbA than 1c 1c


We provide a cost structure that can be used for decentralized control of a multi-echelon inventory system with a central warehouse and a number of retailers. This cost structure means that the warehouse, in addition to its local costs, pays a penalty cost for a delay at the warehouse to the retailer facing the delay. A basic assumption is that each installation starts with an initial policy concerning e.g., inventory control and transportation. The installations then play a Stackelberg game with the warehouse being the leader. By minimizing its local costs according to the suggested cost structure, an installation can reduce its costs. The total system costs are then reduced by the same amount. No installation needs to face higher costs due to policy changes at other installations, since the cost structure satisfies a rationality constraint. If an installation applies its initial policy the local costs are the same as in the initial state, even if the other installations change their policies. If the game is played repeatedly the system will approach a Nash equilibrium but not necessarily the centralized optimal solution. As an example we consider a system with one-for-one ordering retailers.


The main route of entry of metalloid arsenic into the human body is drinking of drinkable water. Long-term consumption of drinking water containing arsenic can cause of the urinary bladder, liver and kidney cancers and also skin lesions in humans. In this descriptive cross-sectional study, 100 samples of tap drinking water of Minab were collected from 10 constant points during the months of December and January of 2014. Then, concentration of arsenic was measured with hydride method and by graphite flame atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS8000 model). Chronic daily intake and carcinogenic risk of arsenic was calculated by equations of EPA. The mean concentration of arsenic in the areas of Azadegan, Ahmad Abbad, Valiasr, City center, Pakoh, Shaykh Abbad, 95 Dastgah, Almahdi town, Zohaki and Soleghan is ND, 6.1, 8.2, ND, ND, 5.6, 7.3, ND, ND and ND, respectively. The mean and rang concentration of arsenic is 7.18±0.83 μg/l and ND-9.3 μg/l, respectively. Chronic daily intake and carcinogenic risk of arsenic are 0.00021 mg/kg-d and 0.000314, respectively. The mean of arsenic concentration of Minab city is lower than WHO standard limit. Arsenic carcinogenic risk in population of Minab city is higher than WHO and EPA standard limits.


The research of artificial intelligence use the basic theory, method and technology of computer software and hardware to simulate human intelligence behavior. With the development of artificial intelligence technology, artificial intelligence plays an important role in more fields. Artificial intelligence emancipates the productive forces, while simplifies manual operation steps and improves work efficiency. Medical imaging measurement is a professional work, and traditional methods are restricted by operators, equipment and many other aspects. The introduction of artificial intelligence provides a new way for the development in this field. In this paper, the actual needs of fetal ultrasound image measurement are analyzed. the image intelligent measurement algorithms of different parts are introduced in detail. their advantages and disadvantages are analyzed, and the development direction of fetal ultrasound image measurement is prospected.


Warning control is one of the most important components in driver's cabin for achieving safe driving. The purpose of this study is to suggest ergonomically optimal location and type of passenger car's warning control. An experiment was conducted using driving simulator, in which nine locations and two types of warning controls -push button, rocker switch- were employed as experimental variables, and response time for warning signal and preference for locations and types of warning controls were measured as dependent variables. The results showed that response time for warning signal was the shortest when warning control was located at the middle left corner of the center fascia, and was the second at the middle center of the center fascia. Preference for warning signal was the highest at the middle left comer of the center fascia, and was the second between the steering wheel column and the center fascia. Although push button was not preferred to rocker switch, response time was shorter for push button than for rocker switch. It was suggested from these results that warning control with the type of push button should he located at among the middle left corner of the center fascia, the middle center of the center fascia, and between the steering wheel column and the center fascia.


Desmodus rotundus (Chiroptera: Phyllostomidae; Desmodontinae) is the most common vampire bat and has a broad distribution, ranging from southern Mexico to central Chile in the west, and Paraguay and northern Argentina in the east of South America (Koopman 1988). Because of its feeding habit, this bat is considered the main source of rabies transmission to cattle. Although this species has a large spectrum of morphological variability throughout its range, thus far no study has examined the distribution of genetic lineages over its geographic range. Four geographically circumscribed clades ofD. rotundus were described in the Brazilian territory on the basis of mitochondrial sequence analyses: southern Atlantic forest (SAF), northern Atlantic forest (NAF), Pantanal (PAN) and Amazon plus Cerrado (AMC) clade. The differentiation among these clades is strongly supported statistically, although the phylogenetic relationship between them remains uncertain. The extremely high levels of sequence divergence that were found between clades (ranging from 6% to 11%) are the highest ever described for a Neotropical bat species and cannot be explained by female philopatry alone. This indicates that D. rotundus comprises two or more distinct, possibly cryptic species. The biogeographic pattern described for this bat is similar to those described for other bats and terrestrial mammals, suggesting geographical congruence between historical vicariant processes, including likely vicariant events between north and south Atlantic Forest and between the Atlantic Forest and the Amazon.


Water reuse has become an integral part of comprehensive water planning to meet the increasing demands on limited water resources in the arid and semi-arid Southwest. While current wastewater reclamation technology is capable of producing finished water of any desirable quality, the amount of impurities (pollutants) in reclaimed wastewater after conventional treatment may accentuate the potential impact of its direct use for agricultural and landscape irrigation. Through the support of the Region 9 Water Program, the three southwestern states of Arizona, California, and Nevada have conducted research to investigate the impacts of water reuse on agricultural production, the environment, and human health and outreach activities to promote reclaimed wastewater reuse. Key activities include: 1) assessing the leaching potential of pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs) and endocrine disrupting compounds (EDCs) in fields receiving reclaimed wastewater for irrigation; 2) characterizing the presence and persistence of waterborne and water-based pathogens remaining in reclaimed water following disinfection as well as understanding potential microbial and chemical changes that may be occurring post disinfection within reclaimed wastewater distribution systems; 3) using computer models to assess the potential impact of salinity on crop growth; and 4) impacting public perception to promote safe application of reclaimed wastewater for irrigation. Accordingly, our group has carried out many forms of outreach such as co-organizing water reuse conferences, making presentations on safe application of reclaimed wastewater reuse, publishing technical bulletins and other educational materials, as well as participating in various community activities. Our research and outreach activities have not only increased stakeholder acceptance of water reuse practices but have also resulted in fund leverage to further expand our efforts. The ultimate goal of this project is to advance water sustainability through increasing water reuse to protect water supplies and the natural environment.


This research investigates employee termination decisions and the impact on restaurants' sustainability during the COVID-19 pandemic. Restaurants in Indonesia, Germany, and the Netherlands have been affected by the lockdown policy that led to job cuts and termination of restaurants' employees in those three counties. Therefore, the restaurant owners must cope with the lockdown situation in their country and find the best strategy to survive. This research is qualitative research that was conducted by using in depth semi-structured interviews to collect data from twelve interviewees who are working in three restaurants in Indonesia, and one restaurant each in Germany and the Netherlands. Due to the distance and the pandemic, most of the interviews were conducted online. All restaurants in this research are included in the casual restaurant category. This research found several factors of the termination process of the restaurant employees were included in the employee performance and employee enforcement factors. This research also discovered a relationship between the dismissal process and the sustainability of the restaurants during the COVID-19 pandemic that varied greatly among the three countries: Indonesia, Germany, and the Netherlands. The factors that influenced the restaurants' sustainability included restaurant profit, government regulations, and the ways the restaurants' owners or management navigated the pandemic effects. The results of this study will be useful to provide insight for businesses in the field of food and beverages, especially for restaurants during the COVID-19 pandemic.


The modeling of energy transport via radiative transfer is important to many practical high temperature engineering applications. Furthermore, the computation of solutions to the radiative transfer equation (RTE) plays a fundamental part in it. The quasi-random discrete ordinates method was developed as an alternative to mitigate the ray effect found in the classical discrete ordinates method solutions. The former method was originally developed for transport problems with isotropic scattering and it is here extended and tested to problems with linear anisotropic scattering. Its main idea is to approximate the integral term of the RTE by a quasi-Monte Carlo integration. The discrete system of differential equations arising from it can be solved by a variety of classical discretization methods, here computed with a SUPG finite element scheme. The novel developments are tested for selected manufactured solutions. The achieved good results indicate the potential of the novel method to be applied to the solution of radiative transfer problems with anisotropic scattering.


The prevalence of mobile platforms, especially the large market share of Android, has promoted the popularity of mobile applications (a.k.a. apps). In developing the apps, logging acts as a crucial tool to help developers debug their app before publishing. In this paper, we present an empirical study on how logging is used in current popular Android apps and reveal the security risks of deactivating the log call instead of removing the call and its associated instructions. To this end, we propose a static analysis scheme to remove the logging call as well as those associated instructions that construct the parameters for the call. We then implement the scheme as a tool called LogPruner and evaluate it with a set of 10 top apps collected from Google Play and Wandoujia. The results show that LogPruner can outperform the naive logging removal approach by 11.8% to 512.5% on pruned instructions in the collected apps.


Quasinormal modes for scalar field perturbations of a Schwarzschild\char21{}de Sitter (SdS) black hole are investigated. An analytical approximation is proposed for the problem. The quasinormal modes are evaluated for this approximate model in the limit when the black hole mass is much smaller than the radius of curvature of the spacetime. The model mirrors some striking features observed in numerical studies of time behavior of scalar perturbations of the SdS black hole. In particular, it shows the presence of two sets of modes relevant at two different time scales, proportional to the surface gravities of the black hole and cosmological horizons, respectively. These quasinormal modes are not complete\char22{}another feature observed in the numerical studies. Refinements of this model to yield more accurate quantitative agreement with numerical results are discussed. Further investigations of this model are outlined, which would provide valuable insight into time behavior of perturbations in the SdS spacetime.


A piece of research aimed to produce a computer code BASO is presented in this paper. This software incorporates the complete set of requirements included in the spanish code of practice for wide flange steel profiles. Therefore, nonlinear conditions related to web or flange buckling, as well of lateral buckling are a part of the optimization problem posed. BASO software has a graphical interface to provide a user friendly use. Two application examples are presented in this paper to make clear the capabilities of B.4SO code.


In this article, we go beyond the proverbial appreciation that context matters and provide a deep exploration of how and why it can help make sense of cost deviations in large-scale transport projects (>$500 million). Using abductive inference in combination with a multiple case study approach, the criteria of planning, funding, scope, contract, challenges/issues, and benefits are used to understand and interpret the context and meaning of project cost performance. By comparing two light rail transit systems and conducting an in-depth examination of a road project, this article examines the differences between procurement approaches and worldviews and how they can introduce bias into a project's cost performance outlook. The contributions of this research are threefold as it provides an avenue for a new line of inquiry to help better understand causal inferences, thus contributing to the development of a plausible theory of project cost performance; highlights the ambiguity associated with cost performance assessment and calls for the use of standardized definitions and terminologies so that evidence-based decision surrounding risk and uncertainty can be enacted; and suggests that by engaging in a collaborative benchmarking process of project completion data, the context and meaning of a project's performance can be documented.


Recent years have seen growing importance placed on research in entry mode. Firms seek to perform their function in foreign markets, they have to choose the best way to enter the targeted market; in order to get better advantage and performance, firms should depend on different markets using different entry modes, thus, we can obtain firms' "entry mode portfolio" by collecting these modes. However, prior studies have focused on a firm choose one specific mode enter a given foreign market and how the mode affects firm performance; while others have been interested in the mode combinations; there has thus far been relatively little research into the area of entry mode portfolio. This study analyzes Taiwan firms of Taiwan publicly traded companies from 1990 to 2011, and shows the results and implications.


Two-way Laser Time Transfer (TLTT) using the Ajisai satellite has been considered as a more accurate and stable time transfer technique than existing methods; TLTT requires the kHz laser pulses to decrease the systematic restrictions for TLTT realization. However, because of the low energy of the kHz laser pulses as well as the low cross section due to the small size of the Ajisai reflecting mirror, the link budget is an important issue to establish the TLTT link between two ground stations. In this study, the TLTT link budget is investigated to find the optimal laser pulse energy via analysis of geometric effects using 30 days of orbital data of the Ajisai satellite from 29 March 2021 within a ground network consisting of four stations located in three countries. The geometric configuration reduces the TLTT link budget by three orders of magnitude due to free space loss, atmospheric transmission, and effective cross section; then, the pulse energy is required to be much higher than laser ranging to the Ajisai satellite. It is shown from the simulation that a few tens of mJ level of pulse energy at the transmitting station is quite enough for TLTT realization.


Bibliometrics are used in the information sciences to measure the research impact of a particular research field, the impact of an individual or set of researchers, or the impact of a particular publication. The author discusses the journal impact factor, the h- index, including its calculation, advantages and disadvantages. (non- author abstract)


Automatically describing videos with natural language is a crucial challenge of video understanding. Compared to images, videos have specific spatial-temporal structure and various modality information. In this paper, we propose a Multirate Multimodal Approach for video captioning. Considering that the speed of motion in videos varies constantly, we utilize a Multirate GRU to capture temporal structure of videos. It encodes video frames with different intervals and has a strong ability to deal with motion speed variance. As videos contain different modality cues, we design a particular multimodal fusion method. By incorporating visual, motion, and topic information together, we construct a well-designed video representation. Then the video representation is fed into a RNN-based language model for generating natural language descriptions. We evaluate our approach for video captioning on "Microsoft Research - Video to Text" (MSR-VTT), a large-scale video benchmark for video understanding. And our approach gets great performance on the 2nd MSR Video to Language Challenge.