Packages for modern mixed signal systems in package (SiP) require split planes and power islands to isolate multiple power supplies. To reduce design iterations due to signal integrity issues, the frequency response of the package needs to be obtained accurately at an early stage of the design. Full-wave EM solvers are generally the most accurate tools available. However, the high time and memory required by such tools relegates their use to final verification, at which stage design iterations are expensive. The finite difference method has been shown to be efficient in simulating single plane-pair structures with slots as long as one plane is completely solid. Also, the multilayer finite difference method (M-FDM) can accurately model multilayer structures with apertures, so long as there are no power islands. In this paper, a formulation for efficient simulation of multilayer structures with split planes has been investigated. Further, a method by which transmission lines can be integrated with a power distribution network containing apertures and split planes has been discussed. The formulation has been validated by comparing results with full-wave EM simulations.


A circuit at the register transfer level is denoted as an RTL circuit. The paper describes a method for extracting the RTL circuit structure from the circuit formal description, using the I-path concept. The way of representing the RTL circuit structure by a labelled directed graph where nodes represent components and arcs represent connections between them, is presented. Labels identifying the component type are attached to the nodes, and other labels are attached to arcs to identify attributes of connections. It is shown, how the graph theory algorithms can be used to derive the information about the accessibility of circuit components, i.e., the existence of I-paths between them, and the sequences of control and clock signals which must be generated to transfer the information along the existing I-paths.<<ETX>>


The article presents the results of study of pesticide residues in meat of guppy fish in experimental conditions. The study determined the content of pesticide residues in meat of studied fish, which yielded the following results: there were significantly higher content of pesticides in meat of fish in experimental groups compared to controls. In the experimental group, the concentration of chlorpyrifos ranged from 0.0071 to 0.0099 in the first group, from 0.0048 to 0.0054 in the second group, from 0.0012 to 0.0009 in the third experimental group. Research data suggests that pesticides can be accumulated in meat in fairly large quantities.


Probability density estimation on a high dimensional observation space can be performed in a variety of ways. The framework that is developed is to construct a tessellation of the d-dimensional support for a probability density using some or all of the available d-dimensional observations as vertices of the tessellation. The elements of the tessellation are d-dimensional Delaunay minimum tiles.
A class of probability density estimators is then developed on the d-dimensional tessellation. This class of estimators is shown to be consistent, provided the support for the probability density is convex and all elements of the tessellation have a positive probability estimate, given a set of observations.
An algorithm is then presented that constructs a d-dimensional tessellation of Delaunay minimum tiles in an efficient manner. An algorithm is then presented for computing a probability density estimate given a d-dimensional tessellation.
The framework for probability density estimation that is developed is less data intensive than binning methods. It is also more computationally tractable than the kernel density estimation framework on high dimensional observation spaces.


Different Cucurbits were inoculated with single egg mass population of Meloidogyne incognita in order to determine the extent of morphometric and allometric variation caused by rearing on different hosts. Smaller females were produced On Momordica charanita, a relatively tolerant plant to nematode attack whereas large females were produced on highly susceptiple cucurbits like Benincasa hispida and Cucurbita moschata thereby indicating that size of females is somewhat correlated with the degree of susceptibility of the host plant.


Anodization of zircaloy-4 in 0.1M ammonium oxalate has been carried out. Kinetics of anodic oxidation of zircaloy-4 has been studied at a constant current density of 8mA.cm-2 and at room temperature. Thickness estimates were made from capacitance data. The plots of formation voltage vs. time, reciprocal capacitance vs. time, reciprocal capacitance vs. formation voltage and thickness vs. formation voltage were drawn. From these plots rate of formation; current efficiency and differential field were calculated. The addition of solvent (methanol) showed better kinetics results. For 25%, 50% and 75% aquo-methanolic media, the dielectric constant values are low leading to a marked improvement in the kinetics. In 80% methanol, though the dielectric constant value of solution is less, the kinetics was slow which may be attributed to the fact that the electrolyte becomes highly non-polar.


Disentangling the different stages of the star formation process, in particular in the high-mass regime, is a challenge in astrophysics. Chemical clocks could help alleviate this problem, but their evolution strongly depends on many parameters, leading to degeneracy in the interpretation of the observational data. One of these uncertainties is the degree of CO depletion. We present here the first self-consistent magneto-hydrodynamic simulations of high-mass, star-forming regions at different scales, fully coupled with a nonequilibrium chemical network, which includes C–N–O bearing molecules. Depletion and desorption processes are treated time dependently. The results show that full CO depletion (i.e., all gas-phase CO frozen-out on the surface of dust grains) can be reached very quickly, in one-third or even smaller fractions of the freefall time, whether the collapse proceeds on slow or fast timescales. This leads to a high level of deuteration in a short time, both for typical tracers like N2H+, as well as for the main ion H 3 + , the latter being in general larger and more extended. N2 depletion is slightly less efficient, and no direct effects on N-bearing molecules and deuterium fractionation are observed. We show that CO depletion is not the only driver of deuteration, and that there is a strong impact on Dfrac when changing the grain size. We finally apply a two-dimensional Gaussian point-spread function to our results to mimic observations with single-dish and interferometers. Our findings suggest that the low-values observed in high-mass star-forming clumps are in reality masking a full-depletion stage in the inner 0.1 pc region.


The diagonal elements of the time correlation matrix are used to probe closed quantum systems that are measured at random times. This enables us to extract two distinct parts of the quantum evolution, a recurrent part and an exponentially decaying part. This separation is strongly affected when spectral degeneracies occur, for instance, in the presence of spontaneous symmetry breaking. Moreover, the slowest decay rate is determined by the smallest energy level spacing, and this decay rate diverges at the spectral degeneracies. Probing the quantum evolution with the diagonal elements of the time correlation matrix is discussed as a general concept and tested in the case of a bosonic Josephson junction. It reveals for the latter characteristic properties at the transition to Hilbert-space localization.


This paper concerns the design of a speech/data discriminator with the speed and accuracy required for statistical multiplexing of speech and high-speed baseband data on a single telephone line. The structure proposed for the discriminator combines the information from two parallel processes. The first process, even though slow, accurately recognizes the speech/data nature of the signal. This nature is determined by statistical pattern classification applied to simple zero-crossing-type parameters extracted from the signal filtered in a PCM representation. The second process has temporal accuracy in detecting transition events, from speech to data and vice versa. This detection is provided by special parameters which supply tentative transition markers. This paper applies these processes to the case of 9600 bit/s modems and describes a complete discrimination algorithm which is fit for microprocessor technology. The simulation results provided indicate a very low error rate and demonstrate that transitions are detected exactly or within one or two sampling intervals.


CD‐ROM Review. DIALOG Ondisc ERIC corresponds to two printed indexes: Resources in Education (RIE) which covers significant educational documents, and Current Index to Journals in Education (CIJE), an index of more than 700 periodicals on educational topics.


Objective
To evaluate the feasibility, safety and effectiveness of integrated treatment with comprehensively interventional techniques for acute deep venous thrombosis (DVT) of lower extremity.

Methods
During the period from June 2016 to June 2017, a total of 23 patients with acute DVT of unilateral lower extremity were admitted to authors' hospital to receive integrated treatment. AngioJet thrombectomy, balloon angioplasty and iliac vein stent implantation were performed in the same setting. Angiography was performed immediately after the procedure. If the thrombus clearance rate was grade Ⅲ and there were no large free clots (>5mm) in the lower extremity vein and inferior vena cava, the inferior vena cava filters would be retrieved through their sheath, otherwise, the inferior vena cava filters would be released. All patients received continuous transcatheter infusion of urokinase until the thrombosis was confirmed to be completely dissolved. The patients were followed up at outpatient clinic at 1, 3, 6 and 12 months after the treatment, and reexamination of color ultrasound and/or lower limb venography was used to assess the blood flow in the deep veins and in the stents.

Results
Angiography postoperatively showed thrombus clearance rate of grade Ⅲ was obtained in 20 patients (87%) who were successfully accomplished integrated treatment. The inferior vena cava filters had been retrieved after thrombolysis in 3 patients (13%) with thrombus clearance rate of grade Ⅱ. Twenty-one stents were implanted directly after thrombectomy in 21 patients with iliac vein stenosis. There were no serious complications such as pulmonary embolism, severe hemorrhage, etc. Venous patency was confirmed by color ultrasound or lower limb venography.

Conclusion
Integrated treatment with comprehensively interventional techniques is feasible, safe, and effective for acute DVT of lower extremity.

Key words:
Venous thrombosis; Lower extremity; Embolism and thrombosis; Thrombolytic therapy; Comprehensive interventional treatment


Coupled‐cluster calculations with large basis sets have been used to calculate the electron affinities of Cn (n=1–5). Accurate geometries have been calculated, and correlation and basis set effects have been analyzed. The most complete calculations yield results in excellent agreement with experiment, and are a significant improvement over previous calculations. The results suggest the assignment of the photodetachment data to adiabatic electron affinities, rather than vertical electron detachment energies.


CuO-doped(K0.5Na0.5)Nb0.9Ta0.1O3 lead-free piezoelectric ceramics have been prepared by conventional sintering technique and the effects of CuO on the phase structure and piezoelectric properties of the ceramics have been studied.The results show that a small amount of CuO can improve the densification of the ceramics,consequently,the electric properties are improved.Good piezoelectric and dielectric properties of d33=125 pC/N,Kp=0.38,er=700,Qm= 248,and Tc=370°C were obtained for the K0.5Na0.5Nb0.9Ta 0.1O3 ceramics doped with 0.5mol% CuO sintered at 1000℃ for 2h.更多还原


Often overlooked in scriptural text, hand and arm gestures are often used to convey meanings that complement the verbal lessons being taught. This article discusses the meaning and significance of four specific gestures referred to in the Book of Mormon: stretching forth one's hand(s), stretching forth the hand to exert divine power, extending the arm(s) in mercy, and clapping the hands to express joys. Beyond the fascinating meanings of these gestures in the Book of Mormon are the correlations that can be seen in the biblical text and in other Near Eastern cultures. Also insightful, specifically in reference to Moses's hand movements at the Red Sea, is the way in which the Bible, the Book of Mormon, and other extracanonical writings build on each other to give a fuller interpretive picture. Title


In this paper, an air battery is studied, discussed, implemented and deployed; the potential applications of air batteries in general are also discussed in detail. An electrochemical battery runs out when all the chemicals inside have finished the current-releasing chemical reactions. In this work, an air battery system is designed and studied using Sodium Chloride (NaCl) and Caustic Potash (KOH) electrolytic solution. The battery life of the designed air battery system is studied in terms of voltage capacity for a period of 4 weeks and 4 days (750 hours) for two air batteries connected in series. As the electrolytic chemicals are being used up when the battery is in operation, it was observed that voltage rating degraded over time even when the battery system is not connected to a load. From the results, an air battery with KOHelectrolytic solution produced a higher voltage compared with NaCl electrolytic solution


Fetal alcohol spectrum disorders (FASDs) cause a huge public health burden through economic, societal, educational, family, health and medical home impact.

Both alcohol consumption and binge drinking during pregnancy continue to occur, despite federally mandated alcohol product warning labels,


A simple fabrication method for preparing lipophilic gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) suitable for use as substrates in surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) applications of lipids was developed. The AuNPs were shown to be dispersible within lipid phases, where they greatly increased the SERS signals of lipids.


Monitoring of cabbage young plants root rot diseases has been carried out. It was also estimated biological preparates Gamair and Gliocladin and fungicide Ridomil influence on the energy of seeds growth and morphological characteristics of young plants.


Testing-time when a characteristic of a software failure-occurrence or fault-detection phenomenon is notably changed is ordinarily called change-point. The effect of the change-point on software reliability growth process influences on accuracy of the software reliability assessment based on SRGMs which are mostly developed under the assumption that the stochastic characteristic of the software failure-occurrence or the fault-detection phenomenon does not change throughout the testing. In this paper, we discuss a framework for software reliability growth modeling with change-point as one of the solutions to incorporate the effect of the change-point into software reliability assessment, and also discuss its application to an optimal software release problem with change-point. That is one of the interesting issues for project management of software development. Finally, we show numerical examples of our model and derived software release policy by using actual data.


Many medical terms have been replaced by descriptive names taken from everyday vocabulary, ancient mythology, etc. due to the lack of an appropriate term re ecting a body organ or a disease in ancient times. Knowing the etymology of the medical terms contributes to their deeper and better understanding, memorizing and practical use by highly quali ed future physicians. All of these issues prompted us to write the article. Latin was the international language of medicine until the 18th century. Greek terms were created at the times of Hippocrates, Galen and their precursors. Aul Cornelius Celsus established the basis of Latin medical terminology as well as Latin terms were created in the Middle Ages. Most of the Greek terms were Latinized. Modern European languages vocabulary gradually penetrated into medical terminology only in the 19th century. Much of the medical vocabulary consists of the names due to metaphorization phenomenon of common names, and the names of household items. Such names can be subdivided into three groups according to a theory of nomination. The rst group includes lexemes according to the association in appearance, e.g., membrana arachnoidea (derives from Geek αραχνη (arachne, es f–a "spider")) has English equivalent the "arachnoid membrane" of the brain. The second group covers terms due to functional similarity, e.g., incus, ūdis f denoting an "anvil" or "incus" (one of the auditory ossicles contained in the tympanic cavity) resembling the anvil used in black smithing. Both terms according to the association in appearance and functional similarity belong to the third group, e.g., pelvis, is f denotes a "basin" or "container" in colloquial language and it means a "pelvis" in anatomy, e.g, pelvis minor – the "lesser or true pelvis", pelvis maior – the "greater pelvis". The prospects of further research are in the study of mythonyms and eponyms according to the great importance of developing future physicians' terminological competence and clinical thinking.


Endometriosis is a common gynecological disease that affects women of childbearing age,and infertility is one of its major manifestations.The mechanism of endometriosis-associated infertility is still unclear.The latest study suggested that endometriosis may be an epigenetic disease.Abnormal DNA methylation and dysfunctional imprinting are major forms of epigenetic abnormality.Abnormal methylation,which presents in endometriosis,may be related to the endometriosis-associated infertility.Imprinted genes are particularly important for fetal and placental developments.Endometriosis related dysfunctional imprinting might influence embryonic implantation and development.In this review,we summarized progress in research on relationship of DNA methylation and gene imprinting with endometriosis-associated infertility,so as to provide a theoretical basis for searching for a new treatment for endometriosis-associated infertility.


Polarisation insensitive injection locking of two-section Fabry-Perot laser diodes is demonstrated, allowing to achieve error free transmission through 50 km over 20 nm at 2.5 Gb/s.


Preeclampsia is a pregnancy complication with serious consequences for mother and infant. The disorder is diagnosed by hypertension and proteinuria. Several hypotheses invoke oxidative stress as a cellular process contributing to pathologic changes in preeclampsia. Literature data showed that activation and/or dysfunction of the maternal and fetal vascular endothelium may be the consequence of increased oxidative stress. Increased vasoconstriction lead to maternal hypertension and reduced uteroplacental blood flow. Increased vasoconstriction of umbilical artery can be demonstrated using Doppler velocimetry as increased resistance. Our study involved 22 healthy (control) and 20 pregnant women with mild preeclampsia (study group). The aim of this study was to investigate relationship between resistance index of the fetal umbilical artery and concentration of GSH and GSSG (indicators of oxidative stress) in maternal circulation.


A dual layer polarization and incident angle insensitive frequency selective surface (FSS) with wideband feature for electromagnetic shielding is presented in this paper. A single layer FR4 dielectric substrate is attached both sides with periodic copper pattern. The front layer comprises of combined square and circle loop and the background layer comprises of combined circle loops and strips. The proposed FSS exhibits a 11.2 GHz ultra-wide stop band response from 4.3 to 15.5 GHz. Because of the symmetry of the structure, the FSS is polarization insensitive. Numerical computation validates the incident angles stability up to 60° in TE modes.


This article proposes an alternative perspective for examining export processing zones (EPZs) by modifying the life-cycle approach. It highlights the two crucial aspects of a successful EPZ development, namely the nature of backward linkages and gradual integration into the rest of the host economy. It argues that successful EPZs can be a catalyst for structural transformation of the wider economy and discusses what policy measures are needed to achieve such outcome. The article concludes by identifying venues for future research.


This letter describes a photocathode of tungsten driven by a frequency‐doubled Nd:YAG laser. In this case, photoelectrons emerged by two‐photon photoelectric process. The current density quadratically depended on the incident laser intensity, and the quantum yield then increased linearly with the laser intensity. Furthermore, by heating the cathode, we could improve the quantum yield. At a temperature around 1600 °C, the peak current was measured to be 5.8 A with an irradiation of 3.2 MW, and then the quantum yield was to be 2.4×10−6.


The advances in Machine Learning (ML) require software organizations to evolve their development processes in order to improve the quality of ML systems. Within the software development process, the testing stage of an ML system is more critical, considering that it is necessary to add data validation, trained model quality evaluation, and model validation to traditional unit, integration tests and system tests. In this paper, we focus on reporting the lessons learned of using model testing and exploratory testing within the context of the agile development process of an ML system that predicts lawsuits proneness in energy supply companies. Through the development of the project, the SCRUM agile methodology was applied and activities related to the development of the ML model and the development of the end-user application were defined. After the testing process of the ML model, we managed to achieve 93.89 accuracy; 95.58 specificity; 88.84 sensitivity; and 87.09 precision. Furthermore, we focused on the quality of use of the application embedding the ML model, by carrying out exploratory testing. As a result, through several iterations, different types of defects were identified and corrected. Our lessons learned support software engineers willing to develop ML systems that consider both the ML model and the end-user application.


Superinvar with mass contents of 31 % Ni and 5 % Co can show first traces of the γ-α transformation as far as 10 K above the Ms-temperature that is established by continuous cooling dilatometry. By thermal cycling to a desired operation temperature in this temperature region, after three cycles the material is stable and does not expand any more unless the temperature is decreased further. The CTE of Superinvar increases by about 0.3.10 -6 K -1 if the M S -temperature is reached. Heavy hot work slightly expands the temperature range for the use of Superinvar, even in the soft annealed condition. Normal Invar does not show any unexpected effects in the temperature regime examined.


The small scale grower sector in Mpumalanga is declining rapidly. Yields continue to fall, resulting in 34% of small scale growers being reliant on industry grants to generate a remuneration surplus. As there is little return to management effort, growers are exiting the sector. This has a detrimental impact on rural livelihoods, and declining cane supply places additional pressure on a very capital intensive milling sector. The sector faces these challenges despite South African sugarcane farmers being the custodians of one of the largest reservoirs of short cycle renewable biomass. An opportunity exists to arrest the decline in this critical rural development catalyst by developing markets for biomass. This study succeeded in matching the existing reservoir of biomass in the Nkomazi District of Mpumalanga Province with appropriate thermochemical technology to create a new market for growers. Detailed feedstock studies indicate a sustainable source of biomass, while logistics studies optimise the efficiencies associated with biomass. The technological and market studies suggest that slow pyrolysis offers the simplest technology and that charcoal offers the most direct route to market. The establishment of one pyrolysis plant in the Nkomazi District is likely to create 29 direct employment opportunities. By offering small scale growers a cash payment for their biomass collected infield, the proposed enterprise generates an internal rate of return which exceeds the estimated weighted average cost of capital. This study indicates that the pyrolysis process makes it possible to improve grower revenue by creating a market for biomass. This market may also offer growers an opportunity to mitigate their monopsonistic position in the sugar and molasses markets by owning the value addition as well as the raw material.


In recent years use of electronics devices such as electronic communication device and wireless sensor network are increasing rapidly since they consume low power, Furthermore increase in energy consumption has led researcher to focus on environmental energy utilization as it possesses several advantage in comparison with electrochemical battery. Moreover harvesting of environmental energy includes from raindrops, water current, and wind flow, thermal and solar has been few research area which is focused widely. In past several researcher focused on energy harvesting however these method has two main disadvantage either their material volume is large to adopt for real time or they obtain very low output power. Hence In this paper we focus on energy harvesting based on acoustic; further to achieve the optimal energy harvesting we propose a mechanism named MM-PEH(Multilayered multiple Piezoelectric Harvester ) we use lead zircon ate titnate as a piezoelectric generator; this cantilever type is used for harvesting sound energy from various loudspeaker with fair distance. Here we have employed multiple Piezoelectric Harvester in parallel for achieving high output power. Further evaluation is carried out in two stage; at first we plot graph, later further evaluation is carried out with several existing methodology and it is observed that our model achieves massive output power.


Are the decreasing student enrollments after 1990 a problem or an opportunity for planning in higher education? At present we have the highest admission figures our university system has ever seen, and the number of students is expected to increase even more. Therefore, no one today can really imagine what will happen when the figures for first enrollments fall to below 50 percent of the current figure.


B factories measure the CP violation parameter of B 0 ¯ B 0 mixing and decay. Hadron colliders measure the dimuon charge asymmetry of an admixture of B hadrons. In this note we discuss a subtle point on how the CP violation parameter of B 0 s ¯ B 0 s mixing and decay can be extracted from these measurements.


The present paper aims to deliberate the geometric composition of a perfect fluid spacetime with torse-forming vector field ξ in connection with conformal Ricci–Yamabe metric and conformal η-Ricci–Yamabe metric. We delineate the conditions for conformal Ricci–Yamabe soliton to be expanding, steady or shrinking. We also discuss conformal Ricci–Yamabe soliton on some special types of perfect fluid spacetime such as dust fluid, dark fluid and radiation era. Furthermore, we design conformal η-Ricci–Yamabe soliton to find its characteristics in a perfect fluid spacetime and lastly acquired Laplace equation from conformal η-Ricci–Yamabe soliton equation when the potential vector field ξ of the soliton is of gradient type. Overall, the main novelty of the paper is to study the geometrical phenomena and characteristics of our newly introduced conformal Ricci–Yamabe and conformal η-Ricci–Yamabe solitons to apply their existence in a perfect fluid spacetime.


A high energy piping (HEP) asset integrity management program is important for the safety of plant personnel and reliability of the generating unit. HEP weldment failures have resulted in serious injuries, fatalities, extensive damage of components, and significant lost generation. The main steam (MS) piping system is one of the most critical HEP systems. Creep damage assessment in MS piping systems should include the evaluation of multiaxial stresses associated with field conditions and significant anomalies, such as malfunctioning supports and significant displacement interferences.This paper presents empirical data illustrating that lead-the-fleet girth welds of MS piping systems have creep failures which can be successfully ranked by a multiaxial stress parameter, such as maximum principal stress. Both the as-found elastic (initial) stress and inelastic (redistributed) stress at the piping outside diameter surface are evaluated for the base metal of three MS piping systems. Frequency distribution curves are then developed for the initial and redistributed piping stresses. The frequency distribution curves are subsequently included on a Larson Miller Parameter (LMP) plot for the applicable material, revealing the few critical (lead-the-fleet) girth welds selected for nondestructive examination (NDE).By including an evaluation of significant field anomalies, multiaxial operating stress on the outside surface, and weldment performance, it is shown that there is a good correlation of calculated creep stress versus the operating time of observed creep damage. This process also reveals the large number of MS piping girth welds that have insufficient applied stress to have substantial creep damage within the expected unit life time (assuming no major fabrication defects).API 579 recommends an effective stress to compute the creep rupture life using the LMP. This constitutive stress equation includes a combination of the maximum principal, von Mises, and hydrostatic stresses. Considering the stresses in these three MS piping systems, this paper reveals that when the axial and hoop stresses are nearly the same values, the API 579 effective stress may be 10% greater than the maximum principal stress. However, the maximum principal stresses are greater than the API 579 effective stresses at the maximum stress locations in the three MS piping systems, because the axial stresses are significantly greater than the hoop stresses.This study also provides a comparison of the results of a conventional American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME) B31.1 Code as-designed sustained stress analysis versus the redistributed maximum principal stresses for a complete set of MS piping system nodes. A comparison of Code-sustained load versus redistributed maximum principal stress results are illustrated on frequency distribution curves.Copyright © 2014 by ASME


In article the problem of the social status of clerks in class structure of Russian society first third XVI hundred anniversaries is considered. The social origin and brachno-family connections of clerks are analysed. It is revealed that during the considered period a ste-stub the majority of clerks were natives of provincial surnames of an average hand of noble family.


Objective To conclude clinical experience of laparoscopic operation of radical resection of rectal cancer.Methods The clinical data of 19 cases that underwent laparoscope operation of radical resection of rectal cancer between August 2007 to July 2010 were analyzed retrospectively.Results All the operations were successful with no patient undergoing traditional operation.The operation time were between 160 min to 260 min,Average(200±15) min.Operative blood loss were between 60 mL to 200 mL, average(120±15) mL.There was no ureteral injury and anastomotic stoma leakage.Average duration in hospital after operation was(12±1) days.Conclusion Laparoscopic operation of radical resection of rectal cancer is safe,feasible and less invasive with the advantages of more operative spaces,less complication,early recovery and less duration hospital stay.


Existing models of facial personality trait judgments control a large number of likely sources of variance for real-world trait judgments. ! Our data set includes reliable trait ratings on images with these sources of variance included. ! It is possible to train a computer vision algorithm on trait-rated real-world images that approximates human trait judgments. ! This points to future avenues for empirically studying underexplored factors that contribute to personality judgments. Conclusions Question and Approach


The objective of this review was to assess whether dual kidney transplantation (DKT) is better than single KT (SKT) for optimizing the use of expanded criteria donor kidneys. We did a systematic literature search and meta‐analyses when possible, pooling data for calculating relative risks (RR) of major outcomes. Twenty‐five studies met the inclusion criteria. One‐year serum creatinine was better after DKT vs. SKT (mean difference −0.27 [−0.37, −0.17], P < 0.001), with less incidence of acute rejection (RR 0.66 [0.52, 0.85], P < 0.001) and without differences at five years. Less DGF was seen in DKT (RR 0.88 [0.76, 1.02], P = 0.09). Mortality at 1 and 3 years was similar after dual or SKT, but mortality at five years was lower after DKT (RR 0.71 [0.53, 0.94], P = 0.02). One‐year graft loss was similar between dual (n = 4158) and SKT (n = 51 800) (RR 0.97 [0.87, 1.09], P = 0.62). Three‐ and five‐year graft loss was not considered because of high heterogeneity between studies. In conclusion, short‐term graft function and long‐term patient survival are better in recipients receiving DKT vs. SKT. However, these differences are based on few retrospective reports with a relatively low number of cases. Good quality randomized controlled trials are needed to assess whether the investment of two kidneys in one recipient is justified in face of the current organ shortage.


This report looks at the effect of journal feedback and the possible transfer of skills from journal writing to in-class compositions. Although no statistically significant justification for belief in a positive transfer-of-skills effect was found, only the meaning-focused feedback group was found to have made a steady increase in the number of error-free clauses over time, in both their journal entries and in their in-class writing samples. 本稿は英語日記に対するのフィードバックの効果、ならびに英語で日記をつけることで 得たスキルが、授業の中でのライテイングへ転化されるかどうかを検証する。スキルの 有効な転化がある、という見解を裏付ける統計的に有意な確証は得られなかったが、意味 に中心をおいたフィードバックを受けたグループについては、誤りのない文節の数の着実 な増加が、日記への書き込みにも、授業の中でのライテイングのサンプルにもみとめられ た。


DEFINITIONS The Restoration Paradigm: Definitions. Ecosystem Research and Restoration. Human Impacts on Aquatic Systems. The Paradox of Actual Risks and Public Concerns. Factors for Successful Restoration. NORTH FLORIDA AS A MICROCOSM OF THE RESTORATION PARADIGM CULTURAL EUTROPHICATION OF NORTH FLORIDA LAKES Background of Solution (Sinkhole) Lakes: Urban Runoff and Solution Lakes. Lake Ecology Program. Urban Runoff and Lake Jackson - Background, Long-Term Cycles of Rainfall and Storm Water Runoff, Water Quality Changes, Sediment Changes. Submerged Aquatic Vegetation. Blue-Green Algae Blooms. Biological Response to Bloom-- Infaunal Macroinvertebrates, Fishes (Diseases, Distribution, Trophic Response to Algal Blooms, Long-Term Trends of Largemouth Bass Size). Lake Jackson Restoration Efforts. Urban Runoff and North Florida Lakes --Lake Hall, Lake Lafayette Basin, Lake Munson. Holding Pond Ecology. Press Coverage and Public Response. The Failure of Restoration. Industrial Pollution -- Pulp Mills: Study Area. River Flows, Nutrient Loading, and Water Quality Changes. Biological Responses in Freshwater Receiving Areas. Mill Effects on Freshwater Biota: Fenholloway River (Periphyton, Hester-Dendy Macroinvertebrates, Suction Dredge Macroinvertebrates, Fishes, Phytoplankton). Pulp Mill Effluents and Apalachee Bay: Study Area. Impact Analyses. Water Quality -- Rainfall and River Flow, Temperature and Salinity, Dissolved Oxygen, Watercolor and Light Transmission. Sediment Quality -- Toxic Agents, Nutrients. Nutrients: Loading, Limitation, and Concentration . Phytoplankton and Zooplankton --Introduction, Chlorophyll a Trends, Phytoplankton Distribution (1992-'93), Color Removal and Bloom Generation, Comparison of Perdido Bay and Apalachee Bay, Zooplankton Distribution. Submerged Aquatic Vegetation -- SAV Distribution in Space and Time. Invertebrates. Fishes. Summary of Findings -- Water Quality, Chlorophyll a, Phytoplankton, Submerged Aquatic Vegetation , Invertebrates , Fishes. Press Coverage, Public Response, and Failure of the Restoration Process. Nutrient Loading and the Perdido System: Phytoplankton Blooms in Coastal Systems. Research in the Perdido River-Bay System. History of Results -- River Flow Trends, Nutrient Loading, Nutrient Concentrations and Ratios, Phytoplankton Trends: Bloom Distribution, Response to Nutrient Restoration Program, Bay Impacts, Non-point Nutrient Sources: Agricultural and Urban Runoff, Statistical Analyses of the Long-Term Data. The Press and the Perdido System -- The Dioxin Issue, Cumulative Impacts of Development on Perdido, The News Media and Perdido Bay. The Pensacola Bay System: Background. Purpose of Study. Summary of Results. Contamination of the Pensacola System -- Upper Escambia Bay, Lower Escambia Bay. The Press and the Pensacola Bay System. Sulfite Pulp Mill Restoration: Introduction. Study Area . Methods and Materials. Results -- Water Quality Data, Light Transmission, Phytoplankton and Zooplankton, Multivariate Statistical Analyses (Laboratory Microcosms and Field Mesocosms). Discussion and Conclusions. Restoration Program -- Physical-Chemical Conditions, Light Trends, Phytoplankton Analyses, Zooplankton Analyses, Multivariate Statistical Analyses. Discussion of the Amelia Program. Research, News Reports, and Restoration Success MAJOR RESTORATION PROGRAMS The Chesapeake Bay System: A Declining Resource. Research Results -- Hypoxia, Phytoplankton,Toxic Substances and Over-fishing. The Chesapeake Restoration Program. Reality Sets In: The Rainfall of 2003. Kissimmee-Okeechobee-Florida Everglades-Florida Bay-Coral Reef System: The System. Background -- Kissimmee River-Lake Okeechobee, Florida Everglades, Florida Bay, Florida Keys, Coral Reefs. Water Quality in the Florida Everglades System -- Mercury, Nutrients, Relationships of Nutrient Loading and Water Quality. Recent Evaluations of the Everglades Ecosystem. Management and Restoration. The News Media and Public Involvement. RESTORATION OF TOXIC WASTE SITES Mercury and Dioxin in Aquatic Systems: Mercury in the Aquatic Environment. Penobscot River-Bay System in Maine -- Background, Mercury in the Penobscot River-Bay System, The Wetlands Hypothesis, Proposed Restoration of the Penobscot System, Legal Solution to the Penobscot Mercury Problem. Mercury in the South River-South Fork Shenandoah River -- Background, Mercury in the South River-South Fork System, Ongoing Studies, Resolution. Dioxin in the Aquatic Environment -- Background of Dioxin in the Newark Bay Complex, Dioxin in Fish and Invertebrate Tissues, Newark Bay Ecology: Fate, Effects, and Restoration, Legal Action and Regulatory Response. Regulatory Requirements and the Restoration Process. Press Response to Toxic Substances. ALTERNATIVES: PLANNING AND MANAGEMENT The Apalachicola System: Background. Apalachicola River Flows -- Apalachicola Floodplain. Linkage between the Apalachicola River and the Bay. Freshwater Flows and Bay Productivity. Planning and Management of the Apalachicola Bay System -- Wetlands Purchases, Local, State, and Federal Cooperation. Water Use in the ACF System. The Apalachicola Model: Management, not Restoration. Conclusions: Introduction. Scientific Research. Regulation and Enforcement. Public Education. Legal Action. News Media. The Ecology of Restoration. Economic/Political Considerations. APPENDICES Field/laboratory Research Outlines and Methods. Perdido System. Comparison of Econfina and Fenholloway Systems: Gulf Coast. Analysis Pensacola River-Bay System: 1997. Statistical Analyses Used in the Long-Term Studies of Aquatic Systems. References Index


A one-pot tandem strategy for the synthesis of asymmetric star polymers was developed. Two wavelengths of light were used to provide spatial and temporal control for the reactions. A series of stars were synthesised using this procedure giving well-defined structures.


We review some recent studies on the properties of quantum wells and superlattices in a non-traditional geometry, cylindrical geometry. We discuss the potential applications of the structures in the fast electronics and lasers.


Development of stresses due to thermal effect with different type of restraints conditions is a major problem for mass concrete structures. This report presents two methods, which can be used for thermal stress analysis with known temperature distribution. For most thick sections, the temperature distribution across the section is parabolic. A literature survey was carried out to get general knowledge about mass concrete behavior, reasons for development of tensile strain in concrete and factors affecting the cracking of concrete due to temperature rise in concrete. It is learnt that tensile stresses that developed in two to three days after casting may be greater than tensile strain capacity of the concrete at that age and lead to crack. Usually, top surface of the concrete is in tension while middle part is in compression. There is a chance to develop tensile forces in bottom part of concrete, but this may not be critical due to low thermal conductivity of the sub grading material. Also it was confirmed by this analysis that concrete will crack ,:"hen the limiting temperature difference is between 20°C -23°C for granite aggregate Concrete used in Sri Lanka.


Electronic piano keyboards were integrated into the music instruction in Kindergarten and first grade classrooms to investigate their influence on several affective and cognitive measures. A quasi-experimental design was employed which resulted in a keyboard group (n = 94) and a non keyboard group (n = 80). The music instruction was the same for the two groups except for the introduction of the keyboard. Music classes met for approximately 30 minutes each week over the school year. Short term memory and sentiment toward music were assessed near the beginning and at the end of the year. No cognitive differences between the two groups were found at the end of the year. The keyboard group responded more favorably than did the non-keyboard group on each of the music senti ment subscales. Results are discussed in the context of intrinsic motiva tion and the valuing of school.


This paper compares the 10% advanced sample tabulation of the 1982 census of Shangai with the aggregate data from the 1982 census. The sample's major population indicators have errors no greater than 5%, reliability is therefore above 95%. These indicators include urban population, population with a primary education and higher, employed population, married population, live births to women aged 15-64, population aged 0-14, population aged 15-64, and population aged 65 and over. The samle tabulation is generally reliable because the sample size is large and the random sampling method is reasonable. The sampling inferences of a few indicators are not reliable. The sex ratio in the sample shows an opposite trend from the sex ratio in the aggregate data, but this may be due to the uneven distribution of the collective households in the sample. Too large a proportion of collective households was sampled. The random sampling was not successful so far as the classifications of collective and domestic households is concerned. It may be a better idea to conduct separate samplings for collective and domestic households.


With the arrival of 2015, United Nations prepares for the elaboration of the new Post-2015 Development Agenda that will guide global development for the next 15 years. Within this framework, this thesis analyzes how the relationship of a global agenda with a cosmopolitan discourse may hinder its acceptance and implementation in the local context of UN member countries. The concepts of cosmopolitanism and communitarianism are built based on different authors to then determine how these schools of thought are present in the discourses that have shaped the negotiations of what exist until now of the new agenda which is still in process of elaboration. Cosmopolitan thought is mainly present in official UN documents while the communitarian response is evident in reservations made by some States claiming cultural and religious incompatibility with certain universal principles of the agenda. The implications that this rejection represents for the applicability of the agenda are discussed at the end of this paper.


Past research consistently reveals that selfefficacy, referring to one's perceived ability to obtain a desired outcome, in academic courses is linked to academic achievement and motivation in those courses (Coutinho & Neuman, 2008; Elias & MacDonald, 2007; Hoffman & Schraw, 2009; Klomegah, 2007; Lynch, 2008). In particular, high self-efficacy in courses is associated with high academic performance, and low self-efficacy in courses is associated with low academic performance. Yet, the relationship is confounded by the fact that some students report lower effort levels in difficult courses (Lynch). In these situations, students may adopt performance-avoidance goals, whereby they try to hide their feared lack of ability and intentionally sabotage themselves by not putting forth much effort to learn and succeed in these courses, with the idea that failing due to lack of effort is more personally acceptable than failing due to intellectual inadequacies (Hsieh, Sullivan, & Guerra, 2007). For students who rise above their fears and devote greater effort to learning, their efforts lead to greater self-efficacy and academic performance (Hoffman & Schraw; Shell & Husman, 2008). Regarding benefits of Greek-letter organization membership in these domains, several researchers (Saville & Johnson, 2007; Wilder, Hoyt, Surbeck, Wilder, & Carney, 1986) found that students in sororities and fraternities (referred to as Greek students in this article) do have greater self-efficacy than students who are not members of any sorority or fraternity (referred to as non-Greek students in this article), but the findings have been mixed with respect to academics. Some researchers found that Greek students' academic performance was slightly higher than non-Greek students' (Gardner, 1991; Pike, 2003; Strange, 1986); whereas others found either that Greek students performed nearly identically to nonGreek students in learning and academics (Marji, 1994), or that non-Greek students academically outperformed Greek students (DeBard, Lake, & Binder, 2006; Pascarella, Flowers, & Whitt, 2009). As indicated above, greater self-efficacy is associated with better academic performance (Coutinho & Neuman, 2008; Elias & MacDonald, 2007; Hoffman & Schraw, 2009; Klomegah, 2007; Lynch, 2008), and Greek students tend to have greater self-efficacy than non-Greek students (Saville & Johnson, 2007; Wilder et al., 1986). Combined, these findings suggest that Greek students would benefit academically from greater self-efficacy; but past research investigating this relationship leaves more questions than answers. We explored the questions of whether Greek affiliation helps students academically and whether self-efficacy plays a role in their academic performance. We expected that Greek students would score higher on a self-efficacy scale than non-Greek students, and that these scores would positively correlate with academic effort and performance. Accordingly, we expected that Greek students would exert more effort and outperform nonGreek students academically.


Optical fibres play a very crucial role in today's technologies. Academic courses in optical fibres start at the undergraduate level. Nevertheless, student's curiosity towards optical fibres starts from the school level. In this paper, some fun experiments have been designed for both school and college students, which have some concrete implications at the research level also.


The purpose of this study is to assess whether bullying behaviors were impacted by the character education curriculum Character Counts! in fourth and seventh grade students. More specifically, over time are the perceptions that the students had of bullying behaviors impacted and is there a difference between the perceptions that boys and girls had of these behaviors. A survey was given to fourth and seventh grade students in a school district in a northern suburb of Chicago for three consecutive years, 2004, 2005 and 2006. The goal of the survey was to see if Character Counts! was having an impact. By using the results from this survey, questions that were directly related to bullying and bullying behaviors were analyzed. A total of nine questions were analyzed. An ex-post facto design was used for the study. Approximately 3,600 students participated in the survey over three years. The students had been exposed to the Character Counts! curriculum since 2000. The students surveyed were predominantly Caucasian and Hispanic attending public schools. Character Counts! might have had an impact on the amount of bullying that was occurring. The impact measured in this study was not enough to really know for certain if there was a change in bullying behaviors. Character Counts! does some things well. It provides a common vocabulary for students, teachers, families, and communities to discuss values as these impact students functioning in a social environment. However, the ambiguity in some of the data related specifically to bullying leads this researcher to believe that there would be a need to do this survey or other surveys again.


Pyridoxal 5′-phosphate-α-amino acid–Zn(II) complexes and their salicylaldehyde analogues showed photochromic behavior in borate buffer at pH 9.5. A detailed comparison of UV spectral changes during the thermal back reaction with those for the complex formation indicates that the photoexcitation of the complexes induces the hydrolysis of the Schiff base ligands and that the back reaction corresponds to regeneration of the complexes.


In the context of exoplanet direct detection and characterization , where high-contrast imaging is mandatory, we present fully optimized two-dimensional pupil apodizations for which no specific geometric constraints are put on the pupil plane apodization, apart from the shape of the aperture itself. Masks for circular and segmented apertures are displayed, with and without a central obstruction and spiders. We can now optimize apodizers for any aperture shape, and examples of optimal masks are shown for the Subaru telescope, the Space Infrared telescope for Cosmology and Astrophysics (SPICA) and the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST). Several high-contrast regions are considered with different sizes, positions, shapes and contrasts. It is interesting to note that all the masks that result from these optimizations tend to have a binary transmission profile. Total coronagraphic extinction of rectangular apertures using linear pro-late apodizations, " A & A 389, 334–344 (2002). 6. R. Soummer, " Apodized pupil Lyot coronagraphs for arbitrary telescope apertures " , Astrophys. analysis, and testing of a microdot apodizer for the apodized pupil Lyot coronagraph, " Spiderweb masks for high-contrast imaging, " Astrophys.mask coronagraphs for high-contrast imaging , " Astrophys. A modeling language for mathematical programming, " Manage. and 32 coauthors, " The SPICA coronagraphic instrument (SCI) for the study of exoplanets, " Adv. Phase-induced amplitude apodization on centrally obscured pupils: design and first laboratory demonstration for the Subaru telescope pupil, Multi-stage four-quadrant phase mask: achromatic coronagraph for space-based and ground-based telescopes, " A & A 530, id.A43 (2011). Improved high-contrast imaging with on-axis telescopes using a multistage vortex coronagraph, " Opt.color coronagraph experiment in a vacuum testbed with a binary shaped pupil mask, " PASJ.


Kallio T, Alanen A, Bondestam S, Kormano M. Echoicity of ultrasonic contrast media in solutions of variable concentration. Invest Radiol 1994;29:S137–S138.


Analytical approach is presented to evaluate the effect of weak atmospheric turbulence on the bit error rate (BER) performance of an optical code division multiple access (OCDMA) free space optical (FSO) link using optical domain encoder and Sequence Inverse Keying (SIK) balanced photodetector receiver. The analysis is carried out to find the expression of the signal current and multi access interference (MAI) current at the output of the SIK receiver considering the effect of atmospheric turbulence of the channel. The conditional BER conditioned on a given atmospheric turbulence is evaluated and the average BER is obtained by averaging the conditional BER over the probability density function (pdf) of atmospheric turbulence. The results are evaluated for different code length, number of simultaneous users, turbulence variances and other system parameters. The performance of an OCDMA link is found to be highly degraded due to atmospheric scintillation and the power penalty due to turbulence effect is of the order of 2 to 10 dB depending on the turbulence variance. For example, power penalty is 3 dB to 10 dB at a BER of 10-9 for 12 numbers of users at 1 Gbps corresponding to turbulence variance 0.01 to 0.3 respectively. However, the penalty can be reduced significantly by increasing the processing gain.


The invention discloses a biological treatment method and device. The method comprises the following steps: carrying out environment sampling on a monitoring area through a monitoring device, and obtaining current environment image information of the monitoring area; carrying out identification on the current environment image information and determining current biological information included in the current environment image information; and according to the current biological information, determining a current treatment strategy for treating bionts in the monitoring area. According to the technical scheme, remote image monitoring can be carried out on a plant region, and a treatment strategy for treating bionts in the plant region is determined according to bioinformation in the monitored image information, thereby realizing intelligent biological monitoring and treatment.


A nationalist coalition with middle-class leadership seized control of the Bolivian state in 1952. Uprisings immediately broke out in the countryside, and peasants seized lands previously held in large estates. In response to pressure from below, the new government in 1953 initiated an agrarian reform that destroyed the economic base of the landed oligarchy. It also reorganized old agrarian institutions and created new ones to serve the rural poor. Yet government policies a short while after the revolution ceased to favor the peasantry.


Some researchers think that the shortage of migrate workers in recent years means the end of demographic dividend and the coming of China's Lewis turning point.This paper attempts to analyze the problem of "migrate worker shortage" from a sociological perspective,and concludes that as China is now at its economic transition stage,abstract economic models are not enough to explain the reasons for this phenomenon.The argument about "limited surplus" of labor force does not correspond to the actual situation in China.The author thinks that the present shortage of labor force is associated with policy changes and reconstructions of family economic structure,and is of a temporary,seasonal and mobile characteristic.Unable to quickly promote industrial structure,cities have difficulties supporting a larger population and thus migrate workers don't have the opportunity to realize reproduction of labor with grace.Therefore,transfer of surplus labor gradually goes on a decrease and the shortage of migrate workers is just a temporary phenomenon.


Background. The goal of the article is to study and analyze the parameters of the acid-base balance of blood in the second and third trimester of pregnancy without complications. Materials and methods. The authors investigated arterial and venous blood of 80 patients with uncomplicated pregnancies and 32 non-pregnant women to determine the parameters of acid-base balance of blood by the «ABL5» gas analyzer of the Radiometer company (Denmark). Results. It was found that the blood of women with physiological pregnancy accumulates acidic products of metabolism, reducing blood alkaline reserves carbonate and protein buffers. The most significant oscillationsof the acid-base balance of blood were observed in the III trimester of pregnancy. But all of the observed changes were compensated due to the lack of the blood pH shift.


Some of organizations can be examined as social system which is important concept to investigate a social organization in a wholistic perspective. To some extend, we can understand the Alevism and its role within the organization of Alevi community. In this respect, Alevism is a social system of values. In this respect, Alevism is a social system of values. The debate on the concept has been going on. Answers to some questions such as "Is Alevism a system of belief" or " Is it within Islam or not?" are still discussed. It is needed to make arrangements in the social system based on the answers to such questions. Alevism is a social system that is still existing and had existed for many years in our country. There are a lot of investigation on the emergence of Alevism, structure of their belief, and its effects on social life of Turkish communities. However, there is a lack of research that considers Alevilik as a system with its sub-components and their roles that benefit the society in terms of moral values. Therefore, the system of Alevism which helps people to live in peace need to be investigated. Alevism is value system. These values are the mutual result of Turkish-Islam synthesis. In this system, also there are universal values. To teach concepts which are important in Turkish Education System is needs significant attention. In this study, relationship between Alevism and values are shortly indicated. In this study, related literature was reviewed and examined in terms of social systems. Suggestions were also indicated as a result of this study.


We present a gauge mediation principle for beyond standard model theories where exact UV scale invariance is broken in a hidden sector. The relevant configurations are those in which the standard model and a hidden sector emanate from a scale invariant pair of UV theories that communicate only via gauge interactions. We compute the radiatively induced Higgs potential which contains logarithmic mass-squared terms that lead to unusual Higgs self-couplings. Its other couplings are unchanged.


Ethylene oxide (EtO) is a colorless, flammable gas at room temperature produced by the catalytic oxidation of ethylene. EtO is widely used by medical sterilization facilities to clean medical supplies and equipment. Recent epidemiological studies showed that EtO is a more potent carcinogen than previously documented, leading the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) to update, in December 2016, the inhalation unit risk estimate for EtO. This resulted in the identification of EtO as a potential health concern in several areas across the US, including the state of Utah. The geography surrounding Salt Lake Valley creates a bowl, which is ideal for collecting air pollution emissions. The region often experiences inversion episodes which inhibit vertical mixing and cause an accumulation of air pollutants, leading to unhealthy pollution levels. Using the EPA's dispersion modeling software, AERMOD, this study estimated EtO concentrations through facility stack and fugitive emissions modeling results. These values were compared with those of canister-based concentrations from ambient air samples taken near a medical device sterilization facility in Salt Lake Valley. Stainless steel whole-air passivated canisters were used to collect 24 h ambient concentration samples of EtO. Eight locations surrounding a Salt Lake Valley medical device sterilization facility and four background sites were chosen to measure the ambient concentrations. Accounting for potential atmospheric impacts on EtO, measurements were sampled in winter 2022 (January–March) and summer 2022 (July–September). The modeled EtO concentrations were adjusted to account for background values associated with the winter or summer data. Then, the two methodologies were compared using a Wilcoxon signed-ranked paired test. The statistical analysis resulted in six of the eight sample locations surrounding the sterilization facility being significantly different when comparing the canister-based measurements of ambient EtO to modeled estimates. Canister-based measurements taken at sites one, three, and four were statistically greater than the modeled estimates, while sites two, five, and seven were statistically less than the modeled estimates. Also, the summer background value calculated was almost 2.5 times greater than the winter one. The results do not suggest whether one method is more or less conservative than the other. In conclusion, the five of the closest sites and site seven were statistically different when comparing measured and modeled ambient concentrations of EtO. The comparison results do not clearly indicate if a correction factor could be derived for future human exposure to cancer risk assessment modeling. However, it is reasonable that the closer to the sterilization facility, the more total EtO exposure will be realized.


This paper describes the results of statistical analysis of data collected from many vessels to discuss the problems which may occur during the data collection onboard, and the role of the nowcast data for technical performance evaluation. The research is focused on the quality of measurements of wind and speed through the water. The main goal of the research is to reveal the benefits of using nowcast data and its effect on the quality of statistical models which can be used for performance evaluation purposes. The results of the statistical analysis show that the nowcast data can be successfully used for validation of the on-board measurements and, in some cases, can substitute the onboard data without lack of analysis quality.


The realisation of an efficient algorithm for a real-time smart antenna testbed based on DECT technology is considered. The testbed is based on a multistage constant modulus array, a blind adaptive beamformer and an adaptive signal canceller that removes the captured signal from the input signals. Based on the Wiener model of convergence, a reduced form of the CM array has been developed that takes advantage of the reduced rank of the input correlation matrix for additional stages. Computer simulations confirm the functionality of this algorithm, and convergence and sensitivity to fading are also discussed.


Supriya Sule, MP from Baramati and a senior leader of the Nationalist Congress Party (NCP), hails from Maharashtra's most prominent political families. Her father Sharad Pawar, the NCP president, is one of the most senior national politicians in India. Supriya, raised by a Christian mother and a Hindu father, celebrates Christmas and Diwali at home with equal fervour. These shared religious traditions probably inform her secular ideology—she is comfortable with pluralism in faith. She is always on the move— travelling to her constituency and addressing voter's concerns. Supriya has a confident outlook, a legacy of her modern, urban Mumbaikar identity.


Abstract The cardinal Bessarion was a foremost figure of the Italian Renaissance and late Byzantium. However, some of the details of his life are not yet securely established, especially his date of birth. Over the last century, scholars have proposed dates ranging from 1400 to 1408. In this study, I critically interrogate the two most commonly accepted dates (1400 and 1408). In the past, scholars have relied on the age requirements of canon law or the testimony of Italian observers to determine Bessarion's age. By critically examining the validity of these two assumptions, I reprioritize the evidence, approximating the cardinal's year of birth as 1403.


An effective vaccine for RSV is an unrealized public health goal. Recently, a single dose of the prefusion-stabilized fusion (F) glycoprotein subunit vaccine (DS-Cav1) was shown to substantially increase serum neutralizing activity in healthy adults. To understand the induced B-cell repertoire at the single-cell level, we evaluated RSV F-specific B-cell responses before and after vaccination in six participants and identified 555 clonal lineages. DS-Cav1-induced lineages recognized the prefusion conformation of F (pre-F) and were genetically diverse. Expressed antibodies recognized all six previously defined antigenic sites on the pre-F trimer. Among the six vaccinees, we identified 34 public clonotypes. Structural analysis of two antibodies from a predominant clonotype revealed a common mode of recognition. Collectively, these findings demonstrate that vaccination with DS-Cav1 generates a diverse polyclonal response targeting all known antigenic sites present on pre-F.


Raymond Kurzweil proposed seven stages in the "life cycle of a technology." Libraries can use the technology life cycle concept to determine when to invest in newer technologies. Kurzweil gave no criteria for determining what stage a technology had achieved in the life cycle. This article will present a set of criteria to evaluate new technologies within the framework of the life cycle, demonstrating their applicability using Kurzweil's example of audio technology and then applying the criteria to current e-book technology. Technology is one of the foundations of today's library. Our catalogs have become databases while the venerable cards are shipped to the recycler or used as scratch paper. We process and deliver interlibrary loans via the Web along with an increasing number of journals and indexes. This transition forces libraries to make decisions about a plethora of new technologies on a daily basis. As an electronic engineer until 1993, I am especially interested in the relationship of technology to my new profession. A model of the life cycle of a technology was proposed by Raymond Kurzweil in 1992. This model can help libraries determine whether a technology is appropriate to adopt. In this article, I will amplify Kurzweil's technology life cycle model and apply this improved model to determine the current state of e-books within Kurzweil's framework. Background Raymond Kurzweil, noted inventor and futurist, wrote "The Futurecast" column for Library Journal in the early 1990s. A three-part series in this column titled "The Future of Libraries" appeared from January through March of 1992. The first part of this series, "The Technology of the Book," listed seven stages in the life cycle of a technology: 1. Precursor 2. Invention 3. Development 4. Maturity 5. False Pretenders 6. Obsolescence 7. Antiquity In the precursor stage, ideas about a new technology exist, but have not been implemented (e.g., DaVinci's helicopter). Invention gives the ideas concrete form. Development hones the technology into a practical form (e.g., automobile technology at the turn of the last century). Finally the technology reaches maturity and is practical and useful. Maturity can last for years, decades, or centuries depending on how well the technology meets the need for which it was invented. As the mature technology ages, newer technologies arise to challenge it. If the newer technologies have some superior features but are not yet comparable in all facets, they may become false pretenders. Kurzweil defined this stage: "Here an upstart threatens to eclipse the older technology. Its enthusiasts prematurely predict victory. While providing some distinct benefits, the newer technology is found on reflection to be missing some key element of functionality or quality" (1992a). The false pretenders may coexist with the mature technology, but they will not supplant the mature technology. A newer technology can supplant the mature technology only when most or all of its features are comparable, and it has some improved feature to compensate the user for the trouble and expense of switching technologies. When a newer technology supplants a mature technology; the older mature technology enters obsolescence, in which it coexists with the newer technology for approximately 5 percent to 10 percent of its mature lifespan. Finally a supplanted technology reaches antiquity and ceases to be produced or used. Kurzweil's stages provide a useful framework for evaluating current and proposed technology. Investment in the precursor, invention, and development stages of a technology is not worthwhile because of their instability and lack of features. A false pretender, on the other hand, may have a long lifespan and be worth some investment. For example, audio cassette technology is a false pretender that has remained popular for thirty years. …


In industry, large software projects require a cooperative work environment. The computer science curriculum has only recently fostered an environment of cooperative work to prepare the students for industry, but most data structures courses continue to rely solely on individual work for instruction and assessing student achievement. This paper studies a series of group laboratories progressing from several versions of programming in pairs to programming in groups of four students to encourage collaborative learning and to introduce students to cooperative work. Student assessment of the laboratories illuminates that the partnership in pair programming naturally organizes itself and is effective at peer instruction. Group laboratories with more than two students provide an environment of cooperative work, and require more laboratory time and structure for the groups to organize.


Addition device, fluid catalytic cracking (FCC) system having an addition apparatus, and a method for adding material to an FCC unit. In one embodiment, the addition system for an FCC unit includes a container, a first eductor and a sensor. Eductor is connected to the outlet of the container. The sensor is configured to detect a metric of material dispensed through the eductor from the container. The valve is provided for controlling flow through the eductor. Controller provides a control signal to adjust the operating state of the valve. In another embodiment, a FCC system having addition system. In yet another embodiment, a method for adding material to an FCC unit. .The


The articles introduces the research results of water saving irrigation experiment for dry farming rice in Erfeng experiment station and the application of the results to dry farming rice cultivation with plastic film mulch


Electromagnetic suspension (EMS) has been widely used in many industrial fields because of various advantages in practical use. The U-type magnets are often used to generate the levitation force in the EMS system. This conventional electromagnet, however, can only control one degree-offreedom. It cannot construct a levitation system solely by itself. A 4-pole type yoke hybrid electromagnet is proposed instead of the usual U-type magnet and its magnetic levitation control is studied in this paper. The basic structure and characteristics of the proposed magnet are described, and the control systems are designed. The semi-zero-power controller, with a disturbance observer, is proposed to improve the performance of the control system. Furthermore, the combination with the linear motor is discussed.


The antiwear properties of hydraulic oils containing zinc dialkyl dithiophosphates are discussed. The tested additives are added to hydraulic oil at different concentrations. Tests were carried out to investigate the friction and wear of steel lubricated by these additives using pin on disc wear tester. The experiments of the present work reveals that friction coefficient significantly increased as the applied load increased. Addition of the additive into hydraulic oil decreased friction coefficient, where the lowest friction values were observed at 1.0 wt. % of the additive content. The same trend was observed when the test specimens were lubricated by relatively high viscosity hydraulic oil. Besides, wear decreased with increasing additive content. The lowest values were measured for the 1.0 wt. % additive content. The viscosity improver decreased the values of wear. The decrease of friction and wear can be attributed to the decomposition products of the additive that work as solid lubricants. While increasing the viscosity enabled the oil to form relatively thicker oil film between the sliding surfaces.


Training machine learning algorithms for land cover classification is labour intensive. Applying active learning strategies tries to alleviate this, but can lead to unexpected results. We demonstrate what can go wrong when uncertainty sampling with an SVM is applied to real world remote sensing data. Possible causes and solutions are suggested.


Testing quality using image processing techniques and artificial intelligence are widely applied in various industries, such as textiles, vehicle assembly, food, beverage, electronics assembly, and the others. The test model is often referred to as Automated Visual Inspection System (AVIS). This study refers to the inspection system model, in which the test object is a piece of Printed Circuit Board (PCB). Much research on PCB testing that has been done, but there are still many have not give optimum results, disadvantages such as access times are slow, the accuracy of the data is still low, and the error rate is still high. The results obtained from this study can provide quality pieces of PCB test results are more accurate than a kind of research that has been done. Based on the results of research and testing that has been done, very decent ANFIS models serve as a model inference in artificial intelligence-based automated inspection system specifically test quality of the PCB, as shown ANFIS models with trapezoidal mf hybrid models have a very small error rate is 4.0186e-007 and for the data accuracy at 99%. Keyword : Automated Visual Inspection System (AVIS), Image Processing, ANFIS, PCB, Fuzzy Logic.


Breast cancer is the most common type of cancer in the United States [1], and in 15-20% of these cases, these breast cancer patients receive neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) to improve survival. This project was designed around improving methods for predicting survivability in breast cancer NAC patients using characteristics observed at the time of diagnosis. After NAC treatment, breast cancer patients are typically reported as free of cancer if they have a complete response or a partial/no response, otherwise. This paper attempts to correlate survival with patient responses using the Kaplan-Meier Survival Analysis Curve and explores prediction models based on a patient's response to NAC. The Jupyter Notebook that was used for this project can be viewed here:


Clustering algorithms help identify homogeneous subgroups from data. In some cases, additional information about the relationship among some subsets of the data exists. When using a semi-supervised clustering algorithm, an expert may provide additional information to constrain the solution based on that knowledge and guide the algorithm to a more useful and meaningful solution. For instance, he may specify that two points cannot be part of the same cluster (i.e., cannot-link constraint) or two points must be part of the same clusters (i.e., must-link constraint). A key challenge for users of semi-supervised learning algorithms, however, is that the addition of inaccurate or conflicting constraints can decrease accuracy and little is known about how to detect whether expert-imposed constraints are likely wrong. In the present work, we propose a method to score each must-link and cannot-link pairwise constraint and help users identify which constraints should be amended or removed. Using synthetic experimental examples and real data, we show that the scoring method can successfully identify constraints that should be removed.


Abstract Objective: This study aims to determinate the relationship between social support perceived by women, fatigue levels and maternal attachment in postpartum period. Methods: The sample of this descriptive study consists of 181 women who gave birth in the study period. The data was collected by the socio-demographic characteristics forms; "Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support" (MSPSS); "Multidimensional Assessment of Fatigue Scale" (MAFS) and "Maternal Attachment Scale" (MAS) on the postpartum first days and 30–40th days. Results: MSPSS scores of women who had university or higher education, employed, had their first pregnancy, have 12 months or less between two pregnancies, were found to be significantly higher than others. MAS scores of women at the end of the postpartum first month were significantly increased. MAFS scores of women at the end of the postpartum first month were significantly decreased. The correlation between the fatigue levels and maternal attachment levels at the end of the postpartum first month was found to be negative and significant. Conclusion: In the postpartum period, the care of the mother should include social support, maternal attachment and fatigue assessment. Mothers should be encouraged to use social support resources. The continuity of social support systems should be provided.


The article tells about the holding of the anniversary XIII International scientific and practical conference «Peda- gogical education: challenges of the XXI century», dedicated to the academician of the Russian Academy of Educa- tion, professor, great scientist – teacher V.A. Slastenin.


Objective: In individuals with type 2 diabetes, weight gain during treatment with insulin and other agents prevents the attainment of glycemic targets and probably limits the success of treatment. Studies have attempted to elucidate the mechanisms behind the apparent paradox of insulin improving glycemic control and cardiovascular risks, while causing weight gain. The aim of this study is to clarify the influence of insulin therapy on body weight and differential fat distribution (visceral or peripheral) in newly insulin treated type 2 diabetic male patients. Patients and Methods: The study was conducted on 26 type 2 diabetic male patients evaluated at baseline and 12 months after instituting insulin therapy. Body mass index (BMI), absolute waist circumference (AWC), systolic and diastolic blood pressure, HbA1c% were estimated. Abdominal Computed tomography was applied to evaluate areas of subcutaneous fat (SF) and visceral fat (VF) before and after insulin therapy. Results: There is significant reduction in HbA1c (9.03±0.72 vs. 7.50±0.58, p<0.001) and significant increase body mass index (BMI =28.92±1.39 vs. 29.81±1.27, p=0.02) .However there was non significant changes in the AWC 103.27±3.87 Vs 105.14±3.25, P=0.065, VF 121.01±5.84 Vs 123.01±5.55, p=0.213, SF 206.54±9.93 Vs 212.12±11.62, P = 0.069and V/S ratio 0.59±0.03 vs. 0.58±0.03, P=0.365. Conclusion: Weight gain in the newly insulin treated type 2 diabetic patients during 12 months duration is equally distributed in both peripheral and visceral fat. So, insulin therapy does not appear to increase the visceral fat in type 2 diabetic patients which is strongly liked to atherosclerosis. Longer-term follow up and bigger sample size are necessary to address the issue of the kinetics of weight gain and to establish the possible correlation with other cardiovascular risk markers.


The structure elucidation and 1H and 13C assignments of iresin (1) and three new drimenes, 3β,14‐dihydroxy‐Δ7, 8‐drimen‐11,12‐acetonide (2), 3β,7β,14‐trihidroxy‐Δ8, 9‐drimen‐11,12‐olide (3) and 3β,7α,14‐trihydroxy‐Δ8, 9‐drimen‐11,12‐olide (4), isolated from the aerial parts of the medicinal plant Iresine diffusa Humb. & Bonpl. ex Willd. are reported. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.


As international property investors increasingly understand and appreciate the benefits of diversification and look to achieve higher returns, cross-border real estate investment has increased. In this context, the issue of the country risk premium is crucial as these types of investments present a wide range of risk and return opportunities that need to be understood and, ideally, quantified. Naturally, the decision of whether or not to invest begins with an assessment of how much additional return is required to compensate for the additional risk associated with a particular country. Establishing these risk premiums is particularly difficult since cross-border investors often lack local market knowledge and encounter transparency issues when trying to gain an understanding of the market. These questions matter particularly to institutional investors looking to make allocation decisions across geographically diversified holdings. Given the problem of appropriate pricing in emerging markets, this study will attempt to forecast capitalization rates for these markets using widely available macroeconomic data and property-related market ratings. This cross-sectional study will employ univariate and multivariate regressions. We will initially identify various factors with a significant relationship to cap rates in markets where real estate pricing data is available. Office cap rate data from Real Capital Analytics (RCA), Jones Lang LaSalleLaSalle Investment Management and Investment Property Databank (IPD) for sets of 23 to 25 overlapping countries will be used as dependent variables in the analysis.


Considering differences between domestic and foreign counter fire systems,the paper comes up with the concept of fire groups oriented to C-RAM systems based on Ad hoc network.In face of the special demands of China,the development of self-organized fire groups based on wireless network focuses on information and intelligence techniques applied to existing equipments,and it includs wireless Ad hoc network and multi-agent method for fire control.


We propose a novel method of finding the classical limit of the matrix geometry. We define coherent states for a general matrix geometry described by a large-$N$ sequence of $D$ Hermitian matrices ${X}_{\ensuremath{\mu}}(\ensuremath{\mu}=1,2,\dots{},D)$ and construct a corresponding classical space as a set of all coherent states. When the classical space forms a smooth manifold, we also express various geometric objects on the classical space such as the metric, Levi-Civita connection, curvature and Poisson tensor, in terms of the matrix elements. This method provides a new class of observables in matrix models, which characterize geometric properties of matrix configurations.


Objective: To observe the clinical efficacy of solifenacin combined with tamsulosin in benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) with overactive bladder (OAB). Methods: One hundred and six patients with BPH and OAB were enrolled in Department of Urology Surgery, Ruian City People's Hospital. The patients were divided into control group and study group (53 cases for each group). In the control group, tamsulosin was used alone for 12 weeks. In the study group, solifenacin was added on the basis of the control group method for 12 weeks. International prostate symptom score (IPSS), overactive bladder symptom scores (OABSS), urine storage period symptom score (USPSS), voiding symptom score (VSS), maximum urinary flow rate (Qmax), residual urine volume (RUV), total effective rate, quality of life index (QOL), urinary nerve growth factor, and adverse reactions were analyzed and compared. Results: The general data of the two groups were statistically insignificant and comparable (P > 0.05). After treatment, the patients in the study group were superior to those in the control group in IPSS, OABSS, USPSS, VSS, and Qmax indicators. And the results of two groups were statistically different (P < 0.05). There was no significant difference in the residual urine volume between the two groups (P > 0.05). In terms of total efficiency, the study group was superior to the control group with statistical differences (P < 0.05). In terms of quality of life scores, the two groups were significantly improved after treatment (P < 0.05), and the quality of life scores in the study group after treatment were significantly better than those in the control group (P < 0.05). In terms of urine nerve growth factor, the two groups of patients significantly improved after treatment (P < 0.05), and the study group was statistically superior to the control group (P < 0.05). There was no statistical difference in the incidence of adverse reactions between the two groups (P > 0.05). Conclusion: The clinical efficacy of solifenacin combined with tamsulosin on benign prostatic hyperplasia combined with overactive bladder patients is better than that of tamsulosin alone and does not increase the incidence of side effects. It is worthy of clinical application.


On account of the transparency of ophthalmic tissues, light scattering is an ideal tool for detecting the early stages of some of their pathological conditions. For example, the opacity of the mammalian lens due to age or other external causes is called cataract. Cataract cannot be detected clinically at early stages and as a result serious vision problems appear. The fact that, light has the ability to detect molecular changes that are related to the mechanism of cataract formation draws attention to the importance of early diagnosis in ophthalmic disorders. The lens can be considered as a dense colloidal protein dispersion (crystallins, ~ 40% wt) in water where the opacity that leads to cataract formation how its basis to the aggregation of proteins.
This dissertation is aimed at studying the molecular changes that take place upon cataract development. Particular emphasis is paid to the development of a non-invasive methodology for early diagnosis of ocular diseases with the aid of dynamic light scattering. By means of this technique, suitably modified for the study of ophthalmic tissues, the dynamic properties of the proteins of porcine lenses (e.g. diffusion coefficients and their temperature dependence at various parts inside the lens, etc.) were studied by using the experimental model of 'cold' cataract. In cold cataract the controlled cooling of the lens at temperatures below the physiological one induces gradual cataractogenesis. In particular, we focused on four kinds of experiments. (a) Detailed study on the cold cataract onset in the lens nucleus. (b) Study on the effect of the laser light wavelength in the onset and the extent development of cold cataract. (c) Study of the cold cataract effect along an equatorial diameter of the lens, considering the gradual concentration of the lens proteins (high protein concentration in the nucleus and low concentration in the cortex). (d) Study on the effect of thermal history, i.e. by warming up the lens at temperatures higher than the physiological one on the cold cataract effect.
The basic conclusions of the present dissertation are summarized as follows: There are clear correlations between the spectral characteristics (autocorrelation functions) and the hierarchical stages of the onset of cataract. Qualitative and quantitative changes in the temperature dependence of several parameters, which are related with the diffusive motions of proteins at the early stages of cataract, appear already at 17 oC while the nucleus is still clear and highly transparent. The use of laser radiation close to the ultraviolet part of the spectrum seems to enhance the formation of cold cataract in the lens nucleus. Cold cataract does not develop at the cortex of the lens, in view of the low protein concentration. The lens pre-heating at a certain temperature for various time periods affects significantly cold cataract formation in the lens nucleus but not in lens cortex. The above mentioned make clear that dynamic light scattering can indeed provide useful parameters that can be successfully used as sensitive and reliable indicators for the early, non-invasive diagnosis of cataract in mammalian lenses and in vivo.


In an empowered Internet with end-to-end Quality of Service (QoS) facilities, it is essential for content servers to minimize reserved network resources to achieve a reduction in transmission cost for the use of QoS. Resource reservation usage charging forces customers to efficiently use network resources. In this paper, we analyze a model that optimizes the total cost when semi-elastic traffic flows are delivered in a client-server scenario. The client uses the proposed analytical model to easily control its buffer occupancy and to determine at any time if it is needed to utilize resource reservation or best-effort transmission mode.


The County Sanitation Districts of Los Angeles County, California (Districts) utilize computers and computerized information for a wide range of applications related to their solid waste management activities. An overview of these applications is presented along with several detailed examples of how computers are used to meet regulatory requirements.


The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of total abdominal hysterectomy on ovarian blood supply using transvaginal color Doppler ultrasonography in women of reproductive age.


The objective of the study was to investigate the utility of texture analysis based on intravoxel incoherent motion diffusion-weighted imaging (IVIM-DWI) for stratifying the clinical stages of nasopharyngeal cancer (NPC). Ninety NPC patients were stratified into low and high clinical stage groups based on the American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) and TNM staging system. Texture features of the primary NPC lesion were extracted from IVIMDWI parametric maps. The Fisher coefficient (Fisher), probability of classification error and average correlation (POE+ACC), mutual information coefficients (MI), and the combination of the above three methods (FPM) were applied to select texture features. Subsequently, each texture feature subset was analyzed via raw data analysis (RDA), principal component analysis (PCA), linear discriminant analysis (LDA) and nonlinear discriminant analysis (NDA), and the misclassification probability in stratifying the NPC clinical stages was calculated correspondingly. The best discrimination of the AJCC stage of NPC was obtained with the f map and the FPM method combined with NDA classifier, which had the lowest misclassification probability of 1.25%. The best discrimination of T stage was obtained with the FPM method combined with NDA classifier of the ADC or f map, which had equal lowest misclassification probabilities of 9.03%. The best separation of the N stage was also obtained with the FPM method combined with the NDA classifier of the ADC map, which had the lowest misclassification probability of 1.25%. Significant differences were observed in the lowest misclassification probability with the four classification methods, but not with the four IVIM-DWI parametric maps in predicting the AJCC, T and N stages. Texture analysis based on IVIM-DWI may be valuable in the pretreatment stratification of NPC clinical stages, and the FPM feature selection method combined with NDA classifier may provide the best discrimination performance.


In this paper, a dense wavelength division multiplexing passive optical network (DWDM-PON) using cross seeding system is designed and evaluated. This system utilizes 16 channels with low channel spacing of 12.5 GHz. Upstream (US) capacity is enhanced to 2.5 Gb/s over 25 km single mode fiber (SMF) transmission. This optical network has a downstream (DS) capacity of 10 Gb/s. A noteworthy average bit error rate (BER) of 10-13 is achieved during system evaluation process. A successful mitigation for Rayleigh backscattering (RB) is achieved comparing to conventional bidirectional wavelength division multiplexing passive optical network (WDM-PON).


The present work deals with the study of the rheological properties of polypropylene/calcium carbonate composites treated with a titanate coupling agent. The study focused on the examination of the flow behavior of the material under different conditions of shear rate and temperature. A more pronounced pseudoplastic behavior was observed for the filled material than for neat polypropylene. It was also found that the power law index increases slightly with increasing temperature and increased concentration of the coupling agent; but decreases with the amount of filler and shear rate. On the other hand, the viscosity increased with increased amount of the filler, especially at low shear rates, but showed a substantial reduction with increased temperature and concentration of the coupling agent. The activation energy, too, was found to decrease with shear rate and concentration of the titanate agent, confirming, hence, the lubricating action of this coupling agent. Finally, through the shift factor that was calculated for both the viscosity and the shear stress functions, the flow master curves superposed for all the materials that were studied.


Objective: Research indicates that women are at higher risk for developing Alzheimer's disease (AD) than men and perform less well on cognitive examinations. In a novel assessment, this study examined sex differences in pathological severity of AD in post-mortem brain tissues of Tg6799 mice and humans. In mice, deposition of Amyloid-β Background: (Aβ), autophagy, and neuroinflammation were examined by immunostaining and immunohistochemistry. Results indicate that, compared to males, female Tg6799 mouse hippocampi have greater Aβ deposition, demonstrated by increased Aβ (p Design/Methods (Aβ), autophagy, and neuroinflammation were examined by immunostaining and immunohistochemistry. Results indicate that, compared to males, female Tg6799 mouse hippocampi have greater Aβ deposition, demonstrated by increased Aβ (p Results: In humans, deposition of Aβ was examined by immunostaining for β-pleated sheets. Human female brain tissue had more β-pleated sheet deposition than males in both the CA4 region of the hippocampus (p Conclusions: This research determined that there are pathological differences in AD manifestation between males and females, thus further investigations on the relationship between sex and AD may lead to the development of novel sex-specific AD treatments. Additionally, findings from this study indicate that AD research must consider sex differences in model design as between males and females, AD pathology is varied. Disclosure: Sarah Hoffman has nothing to disclose.


In allusion to the lack of a large number of fault data samples in machinery fault diagnosis, the thesis put forward a new method of machinery fault diagnosis based on support vector machine. And the principle and algorithm of the method has been introduced. Then the multi-fault classifier has been built using simulative fault data. This diagnostic method only need a small amount of time-domain fault data samples to train the fault classification, and don't need to extract the feature amount. In addition, we verify the correctness of this fault classifier through the application of fault classification in steam turbine generator set. The diagnostic method is simple and has strong ability of fault classification.


SYNOPSIS A computer simulation of a solar air-conditioning system of the open-cycle. liquid-desiccant type under different climatic conditions is presented. The system makes use of a sprayed coil dehumidifier and regenerating collectors and operates with triethylene glycol as desiccant. Mathematical models of the regenerating collector and dehumidifier were developed, based on correlations obtained from earlier experiments. The computer simulation subprograms for the various system components, as well as the complete system simulation program, were validated by tests of an experimental system with 52 m2 of collectors. With the aid of the system simulation program, the performance of an optimized system serving a hypothetical building located in five different industrial centres of South Africa, was investigated. The system, sized to deliver 90% of the peak cooling load of the building, required 3.32 m2 of collectors in Johannesburg and 4.45 m2 in Durban per kW of peak cooling capacity. The daily coefficie...


Auto transplantation can be considered a valid and predictable treatment option for rehabilitating patients with permanent teeth loss when a suitable donor tooth is present. Once thought to have unfavourable prognosis, auto transplantation has achieved high success rates and is an outstanding option for tooth replacement. This case report illustrates autotransplantation of a fully developed third molar in the place of a first molar with the guidance of CBCT (Cone Beam Computed Tomography). The added advantages of CBCT helps to make the process of autotransplantation more predictable, easier and less time consuming which will encourage many dental surgeons to add this treatment to their armamentarium.