CONTEXT
Crosstalk through receptor ligand interactions at the maternal-fetal interface is impacted by fetal sex. This affects placentation in the first trimester and differences in outcomes. Sexually dimorphic signaling at early stages of placentation are not defined.

OBJECTIVE
Investigate the impact of fetal sex on maternal-fetal crosstalk.

DESIGN
Receptors/ligands at the maternal-fetal surface were identified from sexually dimorphic genes between fetal sexes in the first trimester placenta and defined in each cell type using single cell RNA-Sequencing (scRNA-Seq).

SETTING
Academic institution.

SAMPLES
Late first trimester (11~13 weeks) placenta (fetal) and decidua (maternal) from uncomplicated ongoing pregnancies.

MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES
Transcriptomic profiling at tissue and single cell level; immunohistochemistry of select proteins.

RESULTS
We identified 91 sexually dimorphic receptor-ligand pairs across the maternal-fetal interface. We examined fetal sex differences in 5 major cell types (trophoblasts, stromal cells, hofbauer cells, antigen presenting cells and endothelial cells). Ligands from the CCL family were most highly representative in females, with their receptors present on the maternal surface. Sexually dimorphic trophoblast transcripts, Mucin-15 (MUC15) and Notum, Palmitoleoyl-Protein Carboxylesterase (NOTUM) were also most highly expressed in syncytiotrophoblasts and extra-villous trophoblasts respectively. Gene Ontology (GO) analysis using sexually dimorphic genes in individual cell types identified cytokine mediated signaling pathways to be most representative in female trophoblasts. Upstream analysis demonstrated TGFB1 and estradiol to affect all cell types, but dihydrotestosterone, produced by the male fetus, was an upstream regulator most significant for the trophoblast population.

CONCLUSIONS
Maternal-fetal crosstalk exhibits sexual dimorphism during placentation early in gestation.


In contrast to experimental investigations, the numerical simulation of heat-treatment processes makes it possible to observe and analyze, respectively, the development of temperatures, phase transformations, deformations and stresses. To simulate immersion cooling it is necessary to describe the heat-transfer conditions realistically. The influence of bath temperature on the cooling behaviour is experimentally investigated for water immersion quenched SAE 4140 cylinders. Calculated heat-transfer coefficients are evaluated by comparing results of finite-element-calculations and experiments, respectively. Immersion cooling of SAE 4140 cylinders in water is simulated considering the local dependence of heat transfer. The simulation is compared with experimental observations and calculations without local dependent heat-transfer coefficients.


This article reflects on how globalization affects and transforms the issues of writing relevant to feminist journals. Taking its point of departure in a recent international women's studies journals workshop, the article examines the issues of feminist journal writing and publishing from two perspectives: the global perspective of networking, and the local, Nordic perspective of feminist politics and writing belonging to the author. Using Julia Kristeva's idea of feminist generations as signifying spaces for the understanding of "woman," the article argues that the regenerative power of Women's Studies and feminist writing will arise from the diversity and inclusiveness of the women's movement itself. In the global context of feminist networking the generational differences in terms of e.g., the struggle for political rights or for academic recognition will be negotiated and brought to coexist. In this process journal writing can play a central part if it opens up to the diversity of creative, activist and academic writing.


Background: Knowledge of blood-feeding patterns of mosquitoes is crucial for elimination of filarial vectors. However, little information is available on the host preferences of culicine mosquitoes in Chhattisgarh state. Therefore, the objective of the present study was to determine the hematophagic tendencies of the Culex quinquefasciatus inhabiting a filaria-endemic area of Manendragarh city, Chhattisgarh state, India. Methods: Adult culicine mosquitoes were collected using light traps (LTs) and human bait (HB) from a filaria-endemic areas during the peak months of mosquito's population (August-September). Agar gel diffusion method for the identification of mosquito's blood meal was used. The blood meal of each mosquito was tested against antisera specific to human, cow, buffalo, goat, fowl, dog, rat, rabbit, guinea pig, cat and pig. Results: Out of 119 specimens positive from human dwellings 108 were positive for human blood with an Anthropophilic Index of 90.75%. Of the 104 specimens positive from cattle sheds, 65 were positive for human blood, 35 for bovine while 4 specimens were positive for both human and bovine blood. Out of the 90 specimens from mixed dwellings 63 reacted against antihuman, 17 against bovine, 2 against dog antisera. 5 specimens reacted mixed with both human and bovine antisera. Conclusions: The observed high anthropophilic nature of Culex quinquefasciatus revealed these species to be important filarial vectors in slum areas of Raipur city.


Unnormalized Kullback–Leibler (UKL) divergence and KL Importance Estimation Procedure (KLIEP). The KL importance estimation procedure (KLIEP) is derived from the unnormalized Kullback–Leibler (UKL) divergence objective (Sugiyama et al., 2008; Nguyen et al., 2010; Tsuboi et al., 2009; Yamada & Sugiyama, 2009; Yamada et al., 2010), which uses f(t) = t log(t)− t. Ignoring the terms which are irrelevant for the optimization, we obtain the unnormalized Kullback–Leibler (UKL) divergence objective (Nguyen et al., 2010; Sugiyama et al., 2012) as


The utility model provides a spacer of a blast hole. The spacer comprises a base (1), a partition plate (2) and a supporting column (3). The upper end of the supporting column (3) is hinged to the partition plate (2), the lower end of the supporting column (3) is fixedly connected with the base (1), and rib arms (4) are symmetrically arranged on the lower surface of the partition plate (2). The spacer further comprises a flexible air bag (5), the flexible air bag (5) uses the supporting column (3) as the center and is filled between the base (1) and the partition plate (2), and one end of an air inlet pipe (6) penetrates through the partition plate (2) to be connected with the flexible air bag (5). The flexible air bag is arranged between the base and the partition plate, and sealing performance between the partition plate and a hole is improved. After the flexible air bag is inflated, the whole hole is filled by the flexible air bag, and the sealing performance is improved.


This project is the result of the analysis on the recycling sector in Bogota and identified opportunities for the creation of new business from existing needs. Where awareness becomes important and the optimization of production processes promoting the classification from the source to achieve maximum utilization and recovery of waste produced by medium and large enterprises, achieving environmental improvement by reducing the volume that is sent to landfills municipal and contribute to a sustainable and profitable solution from reuse of waste in business processes.Based on the art of project management, this business plan presents the economic viability for a company of integrated solid waste management. Based on key milestones for its development were established four phases, identified the characteristics required of the company, defined the physical, human and economic, also sets out the services to be provided, is made the investment plan of the new company where it includes the composition of the initial investment and the economic and financial evaluation of the project.The conclusion is that the new company ECOSAR Eco-Environmental Recycling Solutions, is suitable for investors because it presents higher initial capital profits with a gross profit on cost of 6.05% and 5.92% of sales.


The first part of this thesis is based on iron(II) N-heterocyclic carbene complexes which are evaluated for their catalytic performances in the homogeneous olefination of aldehydes. The second part of this work focuses on the synthesis and characterization of hydrophilic gold(I) complexes bearing hydroxylated and sulfonated NHC ligands, respectively, as potential anticancer drugs. For both parts of the thesis, detailed mechanistic studies are performed in order to understand the mode of catalytic and biological action, respectively.


............................................................................................................................ vi LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS .................................................................................................. ix CHAPTER ONE: HOW NEW IS MULTIMODALITY? ........................................................ 1 The Era of New ............................................................................................................. 1 Multimodal and "New" ................................................................................................. 3 Historicizing Multimodality........................................................................................ 14 A Peek Ahead... ......................................................................................................... 16 CHAPTER TWO: MULITMODALWRITING PEDAGOGY: 1865–1897 .......................... 18 History through Textbooks ......................................................................................... 18 Textbook Criticism ..................................................................................................... 22 Finding Multimodality through Textbooks: 1865–1897............................................. 24 Summary of Findings .................................................................................................. 34 Multimodal Pedagogy Is Embedded in the History of Composition .......................... 38 CHAPTER THREE: PEDAGOGY FOR MULTIMODAL COMPOSING ........................... 40 Assignment #1: Multimodally Representing a Word ................................................. 43 Assignment #2: Transducting and Circulation ........................................................... 45 Assignment #3: Multimodal Observations ................................................................. 46


Exploratory drilling in Pennsylvania in 1967 resulted in the discovery of one new Oriskany gas pool, one new Upper Devonian gas field, and an extension of an Upper Devonian gas pool. There were 697 new wells drilled and 22 wells deepened during 1967. Of the 719 new and deepened wells, 661 were in proven fields, and 58 were exploratory tests. Of the 661 proven field wells, 600 were drilled for primary recovery, 57 for secondary recovery projects, 3 for stratigraphic tests, and 1 as a miscellaneous test. Of the 600 primary development wells, 258 were oil wells, 297 were gas wells, and 45 were dry holes. Of the 58 exploratory tests drilled, 21 were successful and 37 were dry, for a success ratio of 1 in 1.8. Crude oil production during 1967 amounted to 4,387,000 bbl. Proved oil reserves as of Dec. 31, 1967, were estimated at 63,289,000 bbl. Natural gas produced totaled 89,966,000 Mcf. Gas reserves were estimated at 1,392,170,000 Mcf at the end of the year. Gas stored in Pennsylvania's reservoirs on Dec. 31, 1967, was 490,387,000 Mcf. Natural gas liquids produced in 1967 amounted to 73,000 bbl. (24 refs.)


Motivated by the recent discovery of superconductivity in Nb2C MXene, we perform theoretical studies on both pristine and functionalized Nb2C using density functionals theory. First, the possible absorbing sites and structures for various functionalized groups are determined by calculating the binding energy. Second, electronic structures of Nb2C as well as all the functionalized systems are obtained which indicate that they are metallic. The band structures of both Nb2C and Nb2CS2 exhibit Dirac points near the Fermi level. Last but most importantly, the lattice dynamics and electron phonon coupling (EPC) are studied for pristine and functionalized Nb2C. Though the EPC in Nb2C is weak, the functional-groups significantly enhance the EPC and thus obtain much high superconducting transition temperature (Tc). Considering the fact that MXenes easily absorb the oxygen atoms in experiments, we suggest that the estimated Tc∼ 12 K for Nb2CO2 may explain the experimentally observed Tc∼ 12.5 K for Nb2C.


One novel approach to polymer folding is the use of macroscopic physical models. A previous experiment used a metal chain in water to imitate the polymer folding process [1,2]. A simulation of this experiment is run in an attempt to recreate similar results. Written in Interactive Data Language, this simulation is based on a square lattice model [3-7], where every particle has an integer position on a two dimensional grid. The simulation is run through a series of steps in which one of many possible moves is selected, with a probability based on the potential energy change in which that move results. Many parameters of the simulation are varied, including the chain length, the potential it experiences, and the restrictions on how it can move. The resulting data has many similarities to that of the physical chain experiment, and shows relationships also observed in polymer folding [7].


This study explores how students' readiness at two private campuses in East Java in facing changes in the learning system from being used to face-to-face to a fully online system. This study uses Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA) to examine how students experience their learning activities with the new system. The research also used the purposive sampling method in selecting the sample. The respondents of this study were four male students from the Department of Information Systems, Dinamika University - Surabaya, and four female students majoring in Management, Institute of Technology and Business Asia Malang. In collecting primary data, the researcher conducted semi-structured interviews. This study indicates that students are unprepared to fully accept online learning, especially certain subjects requiring much practice. Hence, the hybrid learning system is still the best solution for now.


In this paper we consider the differential equation by Shredinger: (1) We research this equation for V (x)=Sin e x. In first paragraphs we deal with the integral equations, according to (1) and obtain the estimations for solutions of (1) with boundary conditions by x=0 and x=?. Also we investigate this solutions when e=1/2 (for S-waves) and obtain some lemmas.


One thing is common to all educational programs in developing countries, whether formal or nonformal. Each bases a concept of education on a set of development assumptions. Consciously or unconsciously, these assumptions determine such important characteristics of the educational program as its goals, strategies, curriculum, and evaluation. Because many of the major concepts of social change are incompatible,' assessments and value judgments of the outcomes of educational programs based on one set of assumptions are conceptually impossible using methodologies and instrumentalities of a competing set of assumptions. One of the most critical issues which has been confused by the variation in currents of developmental education theory concerns education which employs group dialogue to make the poorest individuals in a society aware of their reality and reflect upon it, criticize it, and, finally, act to transform it. The purpose of this essay is to demonstrate how greater clarity about potentials and outcomes of this "consciousness-raising" education can be achieved by understanding the natures of two contrasting sets of developmental assumptions, the equilibrium and conflict concepts of educational change.


The open type online learning management system is being applied to public computer labs in order to realize the dynamic tracing on the learning behavior of online learners. Moreover, the system can complete such functions as collecting information, doing the analysis and carrying out the evaluation. To build up intelligent data collection module, as well as data analysis module and the management module for the quantification of online learning behavior is of great significance for the effective development of network resources, the effective evaluation of learning resources and online learners, as well as for the improvement of management level on network hardware environment.


INTRODUCTION The Indo-Gangetic Plains (IGP) consists of the Indus and Ganges River systems covering parts of India, Pakistan, Nepal and Bangladesh. The climate of the IGP consists of a wet monsoon summer and a dry, cool winter. This allows short-duration rice and wheat cultivars to be grown in a double cropping pattern in one calendar year: rice in the summer and wheat in the winter. The rice-wheat rotation is primarily irrigated and occupies about 13.5 million hectares on the IGP. The rice-wheat systems produce more than 30% of the rice and 40% of the wheat in the four countries.


Aims. Motivated by the recent detection of single and binary He-core white dwarfs in metal-rich clusters, we present a full set of evolutionary calculations and colors appropriate to the study of these white dwarfs. The paper is also aimed at investigating whether stable hydrogen burning may constitute a major source of energy for massive He-core white dwarfs resulting from high-metallicity progenitors. Methods. White dwarf sequences are derived by considering the evolutionary history of progenitor stars with supersolar metallicities. We also incorporate a self-consistent, time-dependent treatment of gravitational settling and chemical diffusion, as well as of the residual nuclear burning. Results. We find that the influence of residual nuclear burning during the late stages of white dwarf evolution is strongly dependent on the chemical diffusion at the base of the hydrogen-rich envelope. When no diffusion is considered, residual hydrogen burning strongly influences the advanced stages of white dwarf cooling, introducing evolutionary delays of several Gyr. By contrast, when diffusion is taken into account, the role of residual nuclear burning is strongly mitigated, and the evolution is only dictated by the thermal content stored in the ions. In addition, for all of our sequences, we provide accurate color and magnitudes on the basis of new and improved non-gray model atmospheres that explicitly include Lyα quasi-molecular opacity.


Diffractive and micro optics have had fast growth in the last 20 years since microlithography technology began to be used for fabrication of optical elements. Nowadays, micro and diffractive optical element ~DOE! fabrication has reached a certain maturity. A wide range of applications has been developed. New applications and new integrated diffractive optical systems continue to emerge. The 22 papers from 16 countries published in this special section on diffractive optics reflect the recent trends and progress in DOE applications, fabrications, optical system design and implementations, and subwavelength structures. Both of us have witnessed and contributed to the progress of diffractive optics technology and have been co-chairing SPIE conferences on diffractive optics at Photonics Asia and the SPIE Annual Meeting, respectively. It is a real pleasure for us to jointly edit the first special section on diffractive optics inOptical Engineering. The recent advances in nanoscale lithography and holography techniques provide a huge potential to create new subwavelength structures that efficiently manipulate light through diffraction and propagation. We believe that the new nanofabrication technologies will once again push diffractive optics and its natural extensions, including subwavelength structures, photonic crystals, near-field optics and surface plasmon polariton optics, etc., to a new fast advance path. The impact will be even more important than what has happened in the last 20 years by the application of microlithography to fabrication of DOEs. In this special section on diffractive optics, new DOE applications include surface plasmon resonance sensors, ultrashort-pulse processing, solar energy systems, interferometric testing, high-power laser beam shaping, dynamic lenses, fiber Bragg grating fabrication, 3-D chipscale optical interconnections, and Talbot array illumination. Pedersen et al. design and imprint near-field surface relief diffractive gratings for beam deflection and focusing in an injection-moulded polymer chip for the new integrated surface plasmon resonance sensor, which is lowcost, compact, and robust with high performance. Lohokare et al. develop a novel conductive polymer-based flip-chip integration process for packaging arrayed VCSELs and microlenses, and demonstrate a 3-D chip-scale optical interconnection system. Grunwald et al. present the spatiotemporal processing of an ultrashort-pulse laser beam by exploiting specific advantages of thin-film micro-optical arrays. Gombert et al. address the design and the whole experimental process for the fabrication of surface-relief microstructures on large areas that are useful in solar energy systems for antireflective surfaces, displays, light trapping in polymer solar cells, and facade protection from sun radiation. Pruss et al. apply computer-generated holograms, which are able to generate several aspheric wave fronts, in interferometer metrology. The system is used for absolute testing of aspheric surfaces and diffractive transmission spheres. For highpower laser beam shaping applications, Liu et al. develop a modified iterative Fourier transform design algorithm. They design the beam shaping DOE and the DOE that combines beam conditioning and fan-out functions for coupling the beam into multimode optical fibers. Ripoll t al. present a review and compare some useful iterative Fourier transform algorithms for the design of continuous and multiphase-level DOEs for beam shaping. In the next three papers, Fresnel near-field diffraction is studied for new applications. Onural discusses mathematical properties of the sampled quadratic phase function ~chirp!, mainly that the Fourier transform of a sampled chirp function is also a sampled chirp function. The results are used in computer simulation of digital Special Section Guest Editorial


In this article, we provide a computational simulation model which offers alternative explanations on viral marketing campaign effectiveness compared to standard aggregate diffusion models by (1) combining individual preference information and heterogeneity among individuals as well as (2) simulating differing degrees of interconnectedness among individuals within social networks. Our model provides novel evidence when and how particular seeding and targeting strategies in viral marketing campaigns may foster and when they impede rapid diffusion within networks. Implications for practical marketing campaigns as well as modeling of different market characteristics are discussed.


Because the legislative organ not reelected in an all-round way yet, lack the will of the public opinion and essence function of the democratic parliament, just ' the rubber-stamp ', it is generally acknowledged, the parliament of Taiwan Province at that time was the democratic palace. It is that the provincial organ had not legalized at that time to strange and changeful, but province Congressman's status was higher than a legislative committee member. This situation makes the author feel curious, to Congressman's influence to parliament's politics and change of this group of Tang-Wai provinces combined with democratic movement. This period for research takes off and sets up beginning with the name Tang-Wai of 1973, stop mobilizing the period of suppressing a rebellion to 1991, and establish and is divided into three periods the watershed with beautiful island incident and Democratic Progressive Party. The political topic that on one hand reviews the Tang-Wai Congressmen of provinces inquires the content, it is discussed how they express democracy to demand; Look over authoritative system function and restriction of going to parliament of Taiwan Province on the other hand. It is a sample that this research chooses the political topic in the analysis of quantity, count the number of times and percentage inquired. It is summed up and put in order and proved that the analysis of the quality quotes Congressman's content of inquiring. And then analysis with democratization that comes to check and inquires the democracy expressed to demand the relation with democratization of Taiwan in indicator. Though the continuity and overlay of inquiring the topic content are quite high, based on democratization indicator, in order to with in ask by the angles different one not analysing but can't having discussion of different levels at period not different by topic. The democratization analysis result of this research, is clear that finds out Congressman's goal and adoption tactics striven for while promoting the democratization of Taiwan of other provinces. This research verifies Robert A. Dall think that objects to the goal that the force changes mainly, including such goals as the government's personnel, the government's structure of specific policy and political system, etc., fully express it in the Tang-Wai Congressman's inquiry content of other provinces. And can find out the democratization indicator in the course of developing in democracy of Taiwan completely, appear from nonexistence to existence, from weak to strong.


In this article, a distributed switched control system is proposed, which aims at frequency regulation and total generation cost minimization within a droop-based microgrid considering generator and line power constraints. The minimization is solved with the Lagrange method and is achieved by realizing the equal incremental cost criterion via a consensus algorithm. An online network reconfiguration is also proposed, which bypasses a distributed generator when it violates the generation limits or gets disconnected, or when its corresponding line power flow exceeds its upper limit. It is mathematically probed that the proposed reconfiguration is a distributed online Kron reduction, which leads to a new reduced data network; it preserves the existing spanning trees from cutting when a distributed generator is bypassed. Equilibrium analyses are conducted to show that the proposed switched system converges to the desired steady state. The stability of the system based on common quadratic Lyapunov function is discussed. The effectiveness of the proposed controller for different case studies is verified by adapting it to a test microgrid system.


The responses of Arabidopsis to low-phosphate conditions are different from previously described when phosphate is supplied through solid-phase buffered delivery that approximates soil chemistry.


The purpose of this study is to investigate the difficulties of using and understanding the central modal auxiliary verbs experienced by Sudanese learners of English language at university level . The results show that students face serious problems in using central modal auxiliary verbs . The samples used in the research are students of Sudan University of Science and Technology, College of Languages, Department of English Language , they are forty in number. The research is quantitative and the tool used is a test . The researcher recommends the students to work hard in order to get rid of the confusion happens in using the central modal auxiliary verbs , also students should read about grammar to better their knowledge about the modal verbs .


Carbon(C)mineralization and decomposition of litters is a critical process to maintain ecosystem nutrients cycling,and drives the large flux of terrestrial C to atmosphere.Therefore,the factors that control the litter decomposition in terrestrial ecosystem are focused on all the time.Horqin Sandy Land is one of the regions that suffering severe land desertification in north China.As a result,soils in this region were coarsened and impoverished.Litter input and subsequent C mineralizing and decomposing would improve soil texture and nutrients in this region.In this study,C mineralization and decomposition of litters from27 plant species were investigated by adding litter into soil and incubating it in laboratory.Subsequently,we analyzed the correlations of total CO 2 release and dry mass loss with C concentration,N concentration,lignin concentration,C/N,lignin/N,labile Pool I and II,and recalcitrant Pool in litter.The results showed that there were big differences in litter quality among 27 plant species,and correspondingly total CO 2 release and dry mass loss also differed greatly and varied from9.0 mg C·g -1 dry soil to 12.7 mg C·g -1 dry soil and from14.7%to 40.4%,respectively,among 27 plant species.Total CO 2 releases after adding litter were significantly larger than the control(non-addition of litter),suggesting that litter input would accelerated C mineralization.Correlation analysis showed that total CO 2 release and dry mass loss were significantly correlated with N concentration,C/N,lignin/N,labile pool I and II,and recalcitrant pool in litter of 27 plant species.Stepwise regression,however,suggested that C mineralization and mass loss of litter were mainly controlled by labile pool I and lignin/N in 27 plant species.


6 While SARS-CoV-2 is causing modern human history's most serious health crisis 7 and upending our way of life, clinical and basic research on the virus is advancing 8 rapidly, leading to fascinating discoveries. Two studies have revealed how the viral 9 virulence factor, nonstructural protein 1 (Nsp1), binds human ribosomes to inhibit 10 host cell translation. Here, we examine the main conclusions on the molecular 11 activity of Nsp1 and its role in suppressing innate immune responses. We discuss 12 different scenarios potentially explaining how the viral RNA can bypass its own 13 translation blockage and speculate on the suitability of Nsp1 as a therapeutic 14 target. 15


The size of modern technological systems has grown significantly and the need for fast, online optimization-based control is a necessity. The complexity of these systems along with the need for increased accuracy in the computed outcome dictate the usage of optimization methods for the computation of the solution. Besides this, new data arrive in real time and in fast rates, that have to be incorporated efficiently in the control policy under design. Exploiting the state-of-the-art, multicore, computing architectures, we can achieve fast online solutions of optimal control problems by splitting a large problem into several smaller ones that can be solved in parallel. In this thesis, we apply an operator splitting technique to a generic convex optimal control problem. The resulting algorithm alternates between a quadratic regulator iteration, and a step in which single-period optimization problems are solved in parallel. Depending on the constraints and non-quadratic objective terms, these single-period problems can be solved extremely quickly, or even analytically in many cases. In the time-invariant case, pre-computing the gain matrices in the quadratic regulator problem gives another speed-up, as well as an algorithm that requires no division, and is therefore suitable for implementation with fixed-point processor. The method is demonstrated on several examples arising in different application areas. Furthermore, we develop an extension to this algorithm so that it can handle more generic optimal control problems and propose a different decomposition approach that achieves an even higher level of parallelization.


Photocatalysis has been emerged as a potential solution for the degradation of organic compounds present in wastewater. Zinc oxide {ZnO) possess broad band gap (3.2 eV) absorbing more light quanta to be effective for degradation of organic pollutants. In present work, pure ZnO nanoparticles were synthesized by precipitation method involving dropwise addition and instant addition of zinc acetate dihydrate solution in sodium bicarbonate at different temperature. Alkaline ~arth metal magnesium (Mg) and transition metal manganese {Mn) were doped with pure ZnO nanoparticles to enhance We photocatalytic degradation rate. The characterizaUon of synthesized nanocatalyst was carried out using XRD, FE·SEM and FTIR. The degradatiOn performance of methyl orange (MO) in the presence of pure ZoO. Mg-ZnO and Mn·ZnO nanocatalyst were carried out In batch reactor by UV irradiation. Degradation efficiency of 90.2% and 85.8% were observed for Mg-ZnO and Mn-ZnO nanocatalyst at neutral pH, 150 mg of catalyst loading and 1000 ppm MO concentration, respectively.


Cross-Layer Resource Allocation and scheduling approach allows optimisation of network resources and will enhance network utilization and increases the throughput. In this paper, we give a general idea of cross-layer design method, called opportunistic scheduling, which exploits the time varying nature of the environment and increases the overall system performance under certain fairness requirements of the users. Opportunistic scheduling advantages and costs are also discussed to identify possible research directions in the future. Various opportunistic scheduling schemes are also summarized, which exploits the time-varying nature of the environment to improve the efficiency of the spectrum while maintaining a certain level of user satisfaction.


Transnistrian is a frozen geopolitical conflict extends back to the dissolution of the Soviet Union and the formation of an independent Moldovan state. However, there has been little real movement toward a long-term conflict resolution until recently. The aim of this study is to find out why, despite the efforts of the European Union, the Transnistrian conflict remains inactive and there is no clear prospect for resolving it. To answer this question, the integrated theory of regional security by Buzan and Weaver has been used. The results of this study show that Transnistria is part of a regional security complex under Russian influence, and its intersection with the security complex designed in the Eastern Partnership plan does not allow the EU to resolve the conflict. The difference in the power structures in the two complexes has an effect on the failure of this process. The matrix of regional security complexes in this area is centralized with sub-branches of superior power and superior institutions, and this has added to the complexity of conflict resolution.


Turkey and the central Asian nations of Azerbaijan, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, and Uzbekistan all have linguistic and cultural ties that could blossom into some form of economic bloc that could also attract a number of Middle Eastern states as well as China, Mongolia, and South Korea into more closer coordination of economic and regional policies.This study analyzes the likely economic and socio-political benefits of a cooperative bloc of the Turkic nations. It also elaborates on the possible domestic as well as regional and international antagonism against the formation and operation of such a bloc. This paper was presented May 23, 2008, at the 18th International Conference of the International Trade and Finance Association at Universidade Nova de Lisboa in Lisbon, Portugal.


This book is more suitable for undergraduate and postgraduate students who are interested in research. This illustrates how waste plastic materials such as polyethylene, polypropylene, polystyrene and polyethylene terephthalate could be converted into low-emissive and low-cost hydrocarbon fuel by two process namely vacuum and catalytic cracking (activated carbon, activated carbon with granulated charcoal and activated carbon with calcium oxide). Hydrocarbon molecules from the materials are split under the impact of catalyst inside the reactor in 70–240 degree Celsius. The various analyses done for the oil are also discussed and concluded that it can be used as a viable and alternative motor fuel. The properties of the oil is very similar to the properties of diesel. Hence it can be used as low-cost and alternative fuel for compression ignition engines.


Searches for charmed particle production using bubble chambers with hadronic beams are summarized. These searches depend on the detection of neutral strange particles. Upper limits are given for long‐lived particles (tc≳10−11 sec), for short‐lived particles showing up in mass distributions and for semi‐leptonic decays involving μ's plus V's.


Two new C15-bromoallenes, deoxyokamurallene and isookamurallene, have been isolated from the title alga, and their structures were determined on the basis of their spectroscopic evidence.


The US District Court for New York has upheld a tribunal decision deporting an HIV-positive Dominican national. The court held that the tribunal did not err in finding that Rogelio Reyes-Sanchez had failed to show that he would more likely than not be subject to torture if deported. The court agreed that evidence suggesting that people living with HIV/AIDS may receive substandard medical treatment from public and private hospitals in the Dominican Republic di not constitute evidence of torture.


Purpose
This paper focuses on the wine tourist market in the central region of Portugal, and it aims to analyze the wine tourist's demographic and travel behavior and preferences profile, based on their level of wine involvement.

Design/methodology/approach
This paper presents results from an exploratory study with a quantitative design, including a total of 1,029 survey responses from visitors of three wine routes. A K-mean cluster analysis was carried out, and the emerging groups of wine tourists were statistically compared (ANOVA or Chi-squared test).

Findings
Participants present a demographic profile of the wine route visitor similar to that found in other studies, with an average involvement with wine. There were three clusters of wine tourists, with different levels of involvement with wine: less wine-involved; medium wine-involved; and highly wine-involved. Significant differences between the three mentioned categories are visible for gender, age and attractions visited and expenses, suggesting the possibility of a differentiated market approach. Additionally, most respondents report high interest in a variety of attractions that are not exclusively wine-related. This finding supports the conceptualization of (particularly rural) wine tourism as "terroir tourism."

Research limitations/implications
The pandemic context in which data collection was undertaken led to a smaller sample than expected, which was also more domestic than would have been in "non-COVID" times.

Practical implications
This study provides relevant insights about visitors of wine routes in Central Portugal, which may resonate in other wine tourism destinations. Implications for both theory and practice are also discussed.

Originality/value
This paper fulfills an identified need to study the wine tourism market in the Central Region of Portugal and expands our understanding about wine tourists' profiles, behavior and interests, adding with empirical findings to the debate on heterogeneity in the wine tourist market, the role of wine involvement and of terroir.


: Supported cobalt amorphous catalysts Co-B/ γ -Al 2 O 3 were prepared using an impregnation-chemical reduction method for liquid phase hydrogenation of ethyl lactate to 1,2-propanediol (1,2-PDO). The Co-B/ γ -Al 2 O 3 catalysts were characterized using inductively coupled plasma (ICP) optical emission spectrometry, X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The effects of the catalyst preparation conditions on the hydrogenation of ethyl lactate were investigated. All the fresh catalysts showed an amorphous structure and Co-B particles were dispersed uniformly on the γ -Al 2 O 3 support. The thermal stability of the amorphous catalyst and the Co/B atomic ratio of surface composition increased with increasing the Co content. The Co-B/ γ -Al 2 O 3 amorphous catalyst showed the highest catalytic activity when the theoretical loading of metal Co was 30% (mass fraction, w ). The ethyl lactate turnover frequency (TOF), conversion, and selectivity to 1,2-PDO reached 1.41 h -1 , 93.63%, and 96.10%, respectively at a reaction temperature of 160 °C and hydrogen pressure of 6.0 MPa for 9 h. The higher catalytic performance of the 30%( w ) Co-B/ γ -Al 2 O 3 supported amorphous catalyst is attributed to its highly dispersing Co-B particles, higher Co/B atomic ratio of surface composition, and electron transfer effect between Co and B.


Introduction: Chronic neck pain is associated with significant health costs and loss of productivity at work. Objective: to assess pain and disability in individuals with chronic neck pain. Methods: 31 volunteers with chronic neck pain, mean age 29, 65 years, were assessed using the McGill Pain Questionnaire in Brazilian version (Br-MPQ) and Neck Disability Index (NDI). The Br-MPQ analysis was performed based on the numerical values associated with the words selected to describe the experience of pain (Pain Rating Index - PRI), and present pain intensity (PPI). NDI was used to evaluate the influence of neck pain in performance of everyday tasks. Finally, we investigated the association between PPI and NDI. Results: PRI revealed that the most significant dimension was the sensory pain (70%), and the number of chosen words was 10 (2,62) out of 20 words. Mean PPI value was 1,23 (0,76) in five points; 40% of participants described pain intensity as moderate. NDI score was 9,77 (3,34), indicating mild disability. There was a positive association between disability and pain intensity (r = 0,36; p =0,046). Pain intensity and duration of pain were not associated. Conclusions: Findings of this study identified important information related to neck pain experienced by patients when suffering from chronic neck pain, moreover, the association between disability and pain intensity reinforces the importance of complementary investigation of these aspects to optimize function in them.


CASE tools to support the cleanroom software development process are being developed for the OS/2 and Presentation Manager environment following the SAA and CUA standards. The paper presents a brief description of the tools, and reports the metrics from design, functional verification and statistical certification testing of the first seven increments of the project.<<ETX>>


Several antimicrobial resistant bacteria are spreading throughout the world. It is difficult to treat a patient infected with an immunity to antibiotics and to develope a novel antimicrobial agent. Antimicrobial resistant bacteria have typically been isolated from hospitals (inpatients, environments and medical staff). In 1969, moreover, "the Swann Report" drew attention to the potential for antibiotic-resistant bacteria to spread from treated animals to humans through consumption. Nevertheless, there was little response to this finding until the detection of vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE), a related glycopeptide avoparcin, in animals fed the enhanced feed 1). Recently, antimicrobial resistant bacteria such as extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) producing Enterobacteriaceae and community acquired methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (CA-MRSA) have been pervaded in healthy humans 2). It has been increasingly considered that ESBL producing strains are spreading to healthy humans through the consumption of livestock, processed with the use of a broiler like in the case of VRE 3). Although Enterobacteriaceae normally exists in the intestinal tracts of humans, it is also frequently caused not only various intestinal diseases but also extraintestinal diseases such as urinary tract infection, bacteremia, and pneumonia. Broad-spectrum oxyminocephalosporins, such as cefotaxime, ceftazidime and ceftriaxone, have potent activity against Enterobacteriaceae, which is one of clinical isolates possessing resistance to narrow-spectrum β-lactam agents. On the other hand, ESBL is produced by Enterobacteriaceae effectively hydrolyses the third generation cephalosporins but not cephamycins (cefmetazole, cefoxitin) or carbapenems (imipenem, meropenem) 4). Most ESBLs can be classified into three main groups: TEM, SHV, and CTX-M families. The number of natural variants found within these families has increased; 170, 130, and 100 types respectively had been identified by 2010, respectively 5). The CTX-M types of ESBL that can efficiently hydrolyze cefotaxime and ceftriaxone are spreading in Japan 6). Moreover, international attention is brought to the fact that a 〈医用工学部研究論文〉


In this paper, explicit expressions for the single and product moments based on generalized order statistics from Rayleigh distribution have been obtained. Then, we deduce the moments of ordinary order statistics and record values as special cases. Next, we compute the means, variances and covariances of the order statistics and record values and compare with them.


The liver is highly susceptible to iron overload‐evoked oxidative injury. Ergothioneine is a thio‐histidine amino acid that has exhibited strong antioxidant and metal chelating activities. This study aimed at exploring the potential modulating effects of ergothioneine on iron‐triggered liver injury. The results showed that ergothioneine inhibited iron‐evoked inflammation and apoptosis as demonstrated by a significant reduction in tumor necrosis factor‐α and interleukin‐6 levels and in caspase‐3 activity. Ergothioneine significantly improved liver cell survival as indicated by modulating phosphatidylinositol 3‑kinase/protein kinase B signaling. Consistent with reduced necrotic cell death, ergothioneine diminished the iron‐evoked histopathological changes and decreased serum activity of the liver enzymes. Mechanistically, ergothioneine reduced nuclear translocation of nuclear factor kappa B p65 and modulated p38 mitogen‐activated protein kinase/c‐Fos signaling. In addition, it enhanced the liver tissue antioxidant potential and curbed hepatic iron load. Together, these results point out the modulatory effects of ergothioneine on iron‐evoked liver cell injury that are possibly mediated via anti‐inflammatory, antioxidant, and possible iron chelation capabilities.


Objective To explore the clinical and pathological features and responses to therapy of autoimmune hepatitis and primary biliary cirrhosis overlap syndrome. Methods We included 16 cases with AIH-PBC overlap syndrome, 26 with type I AIH and 25 with PBC (Scheuer stage Ⅰand Ⅱ) , and the emphasis was laid upon the clinical manifestations , pathological features and responses to therapy. Results No significant differences in sex , age and course of diseases were found among the 3 groups. In AIH-PBC group , the serum levels of alkaline phosphatase,γ-glutamyltranspeptidase, IgM and the frequency of positive antimitochondrial antibodies and AMA-M2 were significantly higher than in the AIH type one group ( P 0.05); and the levels of alanine transaminase, aspartic transaminase,γ-globulin and IgG and the presence of positive antinuclear antibody or antismooth muscle antibody were markedly higher than those in PBC group ( P0.05) . The liver biopsy specimens in the AIH-PBC group were characterized by interface hepatitis , piecemeal necrosis and bile duct lesion. UDCA treatment can improve liver function tests in AIH-PBC patients. Conclusion A combined features of both AIH and PBC exists in overlap syndrome. The administration of UDCA may get benefit.


The utility model discloses a rapid fault detection apparatus of Wireless Telecom Equipment, comprising a main control module, a frequency synthesis module, a data and voice module, a modem module, a transmitter module and a receiver module, wherein the frequency synthesis module, the data and voice module, the modem module, the transmitter module and the receiver module are in series connection with the main control module simultaneously. The utility model provides the beneficial effects as follows: (1) the prior equipment & hardware resource is fully utilized, a self-loop mode is employed to achieve fault detection to whole communication equipment, single boards and components, a single board detection mode is not employed, and much hardware cost is saved; (2) the prior function and performance index of Wireless Telecom Equipment is not influenced, and the application requirement of low-cost rapid fault detection is satisfied; and (3) reliability, security and maintainability of Wireless Telecom Equipment is enhanced.


A gene engineering experiment finished by some students and teacher togethers would be introduced in this paper.The transgenic tobacco plants were obtained by regenerating leaf blades with the anthocyanin regulatory gene Lc from maize.Polymerase chain reaction and PCR-Southern blot analyses demonstrated that transgenic tobacco plants contained transfer DNA(T-DNA) with the Lc gene;The result of RT-PCR analysis indicated Lc gene could express in transgenic tobacco plants;There were distinct differences in the color of the flower tube,limb and filament between the transgenic lines and untransformed control.That transgenic researches with distinctly visual changes in phenotype were introduced into the experimental teaching of gene engineering could help students easily understand and master the characteristics of gene engineering,and improve their interest in doing experiments.


Abstract We deal with an unsolved problem in group theory (question 19.35 of Kourovka Notebook). It asks whether, given a finite group G and a factorization one can always find subsets such that and The case k = 2 is of special interest. We prove that the answer is positive for all finite supersolvable (and so abelian) groups. However, G. Bergman has recently given a counterexample to the question for the case k = 3. Regarding the special case k = 2, at first, we prove that the statement is true for all finite solvable groups, and groups such that for every divisor d of their order, there is a subgroup of order or index d. Thereafter, by proving an extension theorem we show that the answer is positive if it is true for all simple groups with no subgroup of prime index. Also, we give some other theorems and criteria, for checking the property and state a question about some candidates for probable counterexamples. We end by noting some related connections, questions and problems about the topic.


Orange-fleshed sweet potatoes are one of the most important root crops for their high -carotene content, which protects against vitamin A deficiency. But in the most rural areas of the country, there is a serious health problem related to vitamin A deficiency. The associated causes of inadequate intake and production of this crop are lower adoption, weak extension support, and inaccessibility of improved varieties. For that, demonstration of a recent variety of sweet potato is a necessary action. Hence, it improves the adoption rate, creates awareness, and contributes to food and nutritional security. Accordingly, two farmer training centers and ten farmers were purposely selected to conduct the demonstration. The variety "Kulfo" was used for the experiment by using a 10m x 20m plot size for each variety. Evaluations were conducted during the mid-maturity stage, through the field day, and field visits with concerned stakeholders, beneficiaries, and surrounding farmers. Based on the result, the yield of the new variety and the standard check are 22.5 tons/ha and 10.5 tons/ha, respectively. The result shows that the yield of the improved variety has a 114.3 percent yield advantage compared to the standard check. In addition, the result of cost-benefit analysis reveals that the new variety has 65250.1 Ethiopian Birr more return than the standard check and is ranked by farmers by its disease resistance, taste, and productivity. Therefore, the new variety is recommended for further scale up in the Halaba zone and other similar agro-ecologies, and agricultural extension personnel will be encouraged to facilitate communication among farmers-researchers and vein multiple cooperatives.


Because of the absence of notion,There commonly exits some problems of cost management in Chinese enterprises,such as neglecting technical advantage,innovation of management,analysis of enterprise's benefits and prevents the development of enterprise.So it is necessary to take some actions on technical innovation,building the idea of cost benefits,analyse systematic cost,and strengthen internal control of enterprise to solve the problems of cost management sincerely.


The goal of this research was to gain insight into the Resource Public Key Infrastructure (RPKI) protection state of DNS resolvers. RIPE Atlas Probes were used to send DNS queries to an authoritativeDNS server. This server contained Resource Records in both an RPKI valid and invalid prefix. The RIPE Atlas probes were instructed to send their queries to the valid prefix through their configured DNS resolvers, which in turn were answered by a CNAME referencing to the invalid prefix. This enabled us to determine whether a probe's DNS resolver was RPKI protected or not. Our results show that on January 23rd 2020, 7% of the probes configured DNS resolvers were protected, this increased to 15% on February 3rd. Of these probes 11.5% was fully protected, due to having multiple DNS resolvers configured.


The static and dilatational properties of mixed emulsifiers are of interest due to their importance in relation to dispersion formation and stability. In this work, we have used different and complementary interfacial techniques (surface film balance, Brewster angle microscopy, and interfacial dilatational rheology), to analyze the static (structure, morphology, reflectivity, and miscibility) and dynamic (surface dilatational properties) characteristics of whey protein isolate (WPI) and monoglyceride (monopalmitin or monoolein) mixed films spread on the air−water interface. The static and dynamic characteristics of the mixed films depend on monolayer composition and the surface pressure. At higher surface pressures, collapsed WPI residues may be displaced from the interface by monoglyceride molecules with important repercussions on the interfacial characteristics of the mixed films. A close relationship between interfacial dilatational rheology and changes in molecular structure, interactions, miscibility...


patients, with the exception of patients with infectious diarrhea. Alterations of the intestinal microflora probably reflect the physiological state of the patient, and fermentative reactions due to microorganisms present in the gut may possibly induce diarrhea. Since 1970, bacteriological techniques for cultivating strictly obligate anaerobes have been vigorously developed and many studies on the intestinal microflora of patients with clinical problems have been reported in


Vitamin D plays vital role for the health, and its deficiency has been implicated in the diverse pathological conditions such as hypomagnesemia and abnormal immune system. Here, we present a case of severe electrolytes disorders (hypokalemia and hypomagnesemia etc.) and kidney damages associated with vitamin D deficiency.


treatment of acute and chronic leukemia [published erratum appears in survival after bone marrow transplantation from HLA-identical siblings as Influence of acute and chronic graft-versus-host disease on relapse and


Objective: Hospitalization for conditions including cardiovascular diseases, infections, orthopedic diseases, and cerebrovascular diseases is responsible for the decline in activities of daily living (ADLs) in patients on dialysis. Rehabilitation during hospitalization helps these patients recover their physical function, resume ADL, and ultimately resume regular outpatient dialysis. However, the actual physical condition of patients on dialysis who are prescribed and require physical therapy has not been reported. Hence, we elucidated the actual physical condition of outpatients and inpatients on dialysis who were prescribed physical


Demolition waste is waste debris from destruction of a building. The debris varies from insulation, electrical wiring, rebar, wood, concrete and brick. India has established itself as one of the world's fastest growing economies and this growth has brought with it a significant boost in construction activities. With the rapid growth in construction activities, it is important to assess the amount of demolition construction waste being generated and analyse the practices needed to handle waste in order to propose a sustainable construction approach. The paper provides a forecasting, overview and management of waste generated from demolition of residential building. The project gives an overview of the current status as well as the future potential for waste minimization, explores how waste management practices can be effectively implemented.


The objective of this study is to report seven decapod crustacean species for the first time from Sergipe state, northeastern Brazil. The specimens were sampled from January 2012 to June 2015, on continental shelf and estuaries. Alpheus buckupi, Synalpheus ul , Lysmata bahia , L. cf. intermedia , Paguristes tortugae , Macrocoeloma laevigatum and Pilumnoides coelhoi are reported. This study records fill gaps in the geographical distribution of these decapods that have previous records for adjacent areas.


Abstract We have synthesized 5-(diethylamino)-2-[(E)-2-(methoxy-1, 3-benzo thiazole)-1-diazenyl] phenol (DMBTA) azo and DMBTA complexed with Ni, Cu, and Zn for DVD-R fabrication. The structures of the products were characterized by 1H-NMR and FT-IR. The properties of the compounds required for DVD-R fabrication were elucidated by UV-VIS and TGA. From the UV-VIS data, Zn-DMBTA exhibited the best response with 635 nm generally used in a DVD player. Based on the analysis of TGA data, it showed high thermal stability. Accordingly, Zn-DMBTA is the best compound as a recording material for DVD-R fabrication.


Social and emotional factors play an undeniable role in the daily experience, behaviour and personal success of students in our classrooms. In a qualitative narrative study, three certified Ontario teachers at different stages of their careers were interviewed about their interpretation of the term and integration of social and emotional learning (SEL). While their daily practices differ, there is an overwhelming adherence to fostering core SEL compentencies in students.  These themes are grounded in research and definitions from the Collaborative for Academic, Social and Emotional Learning (CASEL, 2005).  This presentation will focus on the teachers' identification of skills that provide young people with guidance and direction in their personal and academic lives, as well as their efforts to support this in their classrooms.


This paper proposes a built-in self-test/self-diagnosis procedure at start-up of an on-chip network (NoC) for bisynchronous communication channels. Concurrent BIST operations are carried out after reset at each switch, thus resulting in scalable test application time with network size. The key principle consists of exploiting the inherent structural redundancy of the NoC architecture in a cooperative way for the effective diagnosis and error detection. At-speed testing of stuck-at faults can be performed in less than 4000 cycles regardless of their size, with an hardware overhead of less than 30%.


Soybean was used as soil conditioner with different treatments,and the influence of different treatments on soil basic properties,corn biomass,and the effects of bioconcentration and migration on 238U,226Ra,232Th and 40K were analyzed.Pot experiment results showed that adding soybean dregs could significantly decrease the pH value of soil.The changes of soil pH value,organic matter content and cation exchange capacity with the corn biomass had significant influences on the bioavailability,bioconcentration factor(BCF) and transfer factor(TF) of40K,but had insignificant influences on 238U,226Ra and 232Th.Except for238U,there was extremely significant linear correlation between the BCF and TF to the aboveground parts of corn for the other three nuclides.


Masonry vaults represent one of the typical structural typologies in historical masonry buildings. The study of the ultimate behavior of masonry vaults, together with the need to design adequate retrofitting techniques, is of high relevance in the optics of the preservation of the cultural heritage. In this paper, a new approach for the limit analysis of masonry construction is applied to FRP reinforced masonry vaults. This approach relies on the representation of geometry through NURBS surfaces, upper bound formulation of limit analysis, idealization of the structure as an assembly of rigid bodies with dissipation allowed only along interfaces, and optimization by means of a mesh adaptation scheme. The presence of FRP strips can be taken into account in easy way, because they can be included simply by adding NURBS surfaces and assigning them an adequate delamination stress value. The efficient mesh adaptation is performed by means of a Prey Predator Algorithm, which has been proven to be very suited for these problems. The strength of the proposed method lies in an accurate estimation of load-bearing capacity and collapse mechanism obtained with a model which requires a very low computational effort.


Attempting to minimize these drawbacks, three new, simple, accurate, environmental friendly, cost effective, safe, sensitive spectrophotometric methods have been developed for simultaneous estimation of Simultaneous equation method, Absorbance ratio method.in tablet dosage form using 5.0M Urea aqueous solutions, as a hydrotropic agent. Results of analysis were tested and validated for various parameters according to ICH guidelines, hence can be adopted for the routine analysis of Alfuzosin Hydrochloride in tablet dosage form. Aqueous solubility of these model drugs were enhanced to a great extent 81 fold for Alfuzosin hydrochloride.


The utility model discloses a feeding-bottle capable of being used rapidly. The feeding-bottle comprises a feeding-bottle body and a bottle cap which is installed at the bottle opening by screw treads, wherein the feeding-bottle cap is provided with a nipple; the feeding-bottle is characterized in that a milk container hung at the opening of the feeding-bottle body is positioned inside the feeding-bottle body; the milk container can be separated from the main body of the feeding-bottle when the feeding-bottle is shaken; the milk container comprises a supporting structure which is supported at the opening of the feeding-bottle body and pressed by the feeding-bottle cap, a milk powder supporting structure which is mounted below the supporting structure, and a milk powder protective cylinder which is installed on the milk powder supporting structure and capable of shaking; a proper amount of milk powder can be accumulated on the milk powder supporting structure when the milk powder protective cylinder is straightened; the milk powder can fall into water when the feeding-bottle is shaken. The feeding-bottle capable of being used rapidly, disclosed by the utility model, has the beneficial effects of being simple in structure, convenient to use, sanitary, safe and capable of preventing the mixed milk powder from going bad in warm environment, convenient and rapid to mix the milk powder with water, can satisfy the use requirements by being shaken directly, and has the advantages of effectively reducing the time for mixing the milk powder and being obvious in effect and suitable for wide promotion and application.


Daiyu and Baochai,one was an eminent hermit in the high mountain,the other was a fairy maiden in the heaven.One always took to heart and was given to using bitter sarcasm on the surface,in fact she was kind,no thinking;The other had an easy manner on the surface,and acted in consonance with the requirements of the occasion.The positive connection between personage's behavior and personality was analyzed,and the inevitable destine trend of different personalities in specific environment was announced.


Global flows and the inequalities they generate affect how fiction is published, marketed, read, and taught in universities; therefore, they embody important portraits of globalization's effects on social life. A novel like Shani Mootoo's When Cereus Blooms at Night illuminates how colonial notions of space have been carried over into the world under globalization, and how those notions organize experiences in racial, gendered, and sexual terms. The major themes in Cereus Blooms at Night are of spatiality, but space also plays an important part of the novel's revelations and it is this stylistic element that most obviously mirrors colonial notions of space. The development of the novel depends on the subversion of the rules governing how space can be thought of and used that are a legacy of colonial paternalism. Colonialism and globalization are not to be conflated, and globalization continues to rely on colonial logics of space. Keywords: Colonialism;colonial logics; globalization; globalization literature; Shani Mootoo; spatiality


To normal regulations water hammer calculation, because head lose is much smaller than water hammer press, so it usually is neglected. This paper points out er head lose has different influence on different case, and if it is not handled properly, we would sometimes get the absurd result. In the end of the text, several suggestions are appeared.


A B S T R A C T Synthetic ovine corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) was administered to normal male volunteer subjects as an intravenous bolus or 30-s infusion. Doses of CRF ranging from 0.001 to 30 sg/kg body wt were administered, and plasma immunoreactive (IR)-ACTH and IR-cortisol concentrations were measured. The threshold dose appeared to be 0.01-0.03 ag/kg, the half-maximal dose 0.3-1 sg/kg, and the maximally effective dose 3-10 ug/kg. Basal concentrations of IR-ACTH and IR-cortisol were 14±7.6 pg/ ml (mean±SD) and 5.6±2.2 gg/dl, respectively. IRACTH rose as early as 2 min after CRF injection, reached peak levels in 10-15 min, and declined slowly thereafter. IR-cortisol rose at 10 min or later and reached peak levels in 30-60 min. At a dose of 30 jig/ kg, neither IR-ACTH nor IR-cortisol fell from peak levels of 82±21 pg/ml (mean±SE) and 23±1.4 ,g/dl, respectively, during the 2-h course of the experiment, indicating that CRF has a sustained effect on ACTH


This article reports the results of a national survey of school counselors that gathered information about the extent of school children's psychiatric diagnoses and usage of psychotropic medication, school policy issues arising from these practices, and counselors' perceived need for further training. Results support the assertion that psychotropic medication is widely prescribed to school-aged children creating school policy concerns and that school counselors desire further training regarding children and psychotropic medication. Note: A copy of the survey instrument is available upon request from the authors. ********** The discussion surrounding the proper role and duties of the school counselor began when the role was first implemented and continues today. School counseling textbooks written in the 1960s (Boy & Pine, 1968), 80s (Cole, 1988), and 90s (Schmidt, 1999) as well as recent articles (Baker, 2001; Gysbers, 2001; Whiston, 2002) all grapple with a definitive description of proper duties of the school counselor. A problem associated with the ambiguity of the role occurs when counselors are assigned quasi-administrative functions that compete for time with more proper counseling activities. Paisley and McMahon (2001) suggested that it was possible to look at the fluidity of the role as a strength rather than a detriment. Simply put, as the world changes, the needs of students change, and school counselors respond to those changing needs. As the divorce rate went up in our society, school counselors responded by leading divorce support groups. With the current emphasis in the school community on testing and academic accountability, school counselors focus more on academic intervention and support. The schools that were sites of mass violence such as Columbine High School or the Westside Middle School in Jonesboro, Arkansas, have required support to heal from the attendant trauma. In any case, it is the fluidity of the school counselor's role that makes it possible for school counselors to respond to the needs of the environment in which they are placed. Given that, it makes sense to suppose that a change in the way society as a whole and the medical profession in particular treat children will affect the parameters of the service offered by school counselors. This article focuses on how the increased prescription of psychotropic medications to school-aged children is affecting schools and school counselors. The latest large-scale study confirming this increase is Zito et al. (2003). These researchers found that despite a lack of evidence of efficacy, prescriptions for psychotropic medication for school-aged children continue to increase annually. The history of this trend began with the pediatric use of stimulants. The use of stimulants to treat what was initially labeled as Minimal Brain Dysfunction (MBD), now referred to as Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), began in the 1960s. Since then, there has been a steady increase in the number of children taking stimulant medication (Werry, 1999). In a summary of several studies from 1971 to 1997, Gadow (1999) concluded that drug treatment for ADHD had doubled every 4 to 7 years. During that period of time, in the process of fulfilling their role as consultant, school counselors had to deal with a variety of scenarios resulting from the increased number of children diagnosed with ADHD. Physicians, teachers, parents, and students vary in the degree to which they support the diagnosis of ADHD and subsequent treatment with psychotropic medication, and school counselors are sometimes called upon to mediate when parties disagree. School counselors have supported the educational process of those students diagnosed with ADHD by consulting with teachers and parents and offering individual and group counseling services tailored to these students (Thompson & Rudolph, 2000). In order to offer these supportive services, school counselors have sought out information about the treatment of ADHD in texts, professional journals, and in-services or workshops (Schwiebert, Sealander, & Tollerud, 1995). …


Hidram pump is one of the water pumps are energy efficient and environmentally friendly. Pump hidram an effective technology in the field of energy pumping by using the momentum of the water (water hammer) to raise the water, so the pump hidram one water pump that does not use fuel and electricity. Effectiveness hidram pump performance is affected by several parameters such as the diameter of the pipe, reservoir height, exhaust valve, the air tube on hidram pump, inlet pipe length. This study aimed to observe and analyze the effect on the length of the inlet pipe to the pump hidram high discharge pumps and pumping. This research method through the design of the pump installation hidram and observation influence the inlet pipe length (6 m, 8 m, 10 m), and the observation of the effect of the length of the exhaust valve spring (7 cm, 8 cm, 10 cm) to the pressure value (H) and the value of discharge (Q) to the pump performance hidram. The test is performed in Production Process Laboratory August 17, 1945 University of Surabaya. The longer the pipe, the flow in the pump inlet hidram (Q) generated will be even greater. So in the above study also directly proportional to the value of head (H) and discharge rate (Q) on the pump performance hidram. So the value of the existing pressure in the pump hidram with maximum value is generated head with value - average (H) 1.41 bar and the discharge of water produced with - average (Q) 21 liters / min. This is because the moment of greatest impact on the water valve. Keywords: Pump Hidram


Wavelet-based bispectral analysis is addressed for condition monitoring of induction machines. This advanced signal processing technique combining wavelet analysis and bispectral techniques allows the detection and characterization of non-Gaussian and non-stationary signals with time resolution and the discrimination linear processes from nonlinear ones. In the present investigation, application of this new technique to detect and identify an induction machine's rotor faults by measuring vibration data and analyzing the nonlinearity of the machine, due to the fact that damaged or faulty machines often generate highly nonlinear signals. The usefulness and statistical robustness of this approach are confirmed in the experiment. The results and analysis indicate that this novel signal processing technique can be effectively applied to motor rotor fault detection.


According to color theory and city color design rule,author researched 20 residential districts of three areas in zhuzhou,to obtain the color regular pattern of residential district part,and to bring up environment color of residential district is the important component of city color,then must strengthen its plan and design.


The complicated temporal coupling constraints greatly restrict the solving of large-scale short-term hydro scheduling problems. A mutative scale optimization method was developed to efficiently treat these constraints. The method enlarged the time step of the original problem for weakening even eliminating the temporal coupling constraints. Its final purpose was to enhance the convergence speed of solution algorithm and improve the poor solutions of the problem. During the solution process, a series of optimization problems with same operational horizon, objective and demands but different longer time steps were first generated according to the original problem, and then solved in descending order of time step. The initial solution for each problem depended on the optimized power generation of last problem with longer time step. The whole process will not terminate until the original problem with the shortest time step was addressed. The optimization of hydropower system operation in Yunnan Power Grid was used to test the mutative scale method. The simulation operation results show that the proposed method is capable of producing better solutions and cost less time than conventional single-scale optimization method.


Antifoams and/or deaerators based on oil-in-water disper sions, whose oil phase contains at least one compound from the group consisting of the alcohols of at least 12 carbon atoms, alkoxylated fatty alcohols, mono-, diand triglycer ides of fatty acids, fatty acid esters of carboxylic acids of at least 12 carbon atoms and monohydric to tetrahydric alco hols of 1 to 24 carbon atoms, hydrocarbons having a boiling point above 200° C., fatty acids of 12 to 26 carbon atoms, 3-thiaalkan-1-ols, 3-thiaoxoalkan-1-ols, 3-thiadioxoalkanols and esters of thiaalkane compounds in combination with


A seismic risk model on a building block scale is presented for the earthquake prone city of Aigion (W. Corinth Gulf) by combining deterministic seismic hazard with Risk-UE LM1 structural vulnerability, assessed per building, taking into account site conditions approximated by Horizontal-to-Vertical-Spectral-Ratios (HVSR) from ambient noise. The stochastic finite-fault method has been applied to simulate strong ground motion from two close earthquake scenarios, capable of occurring within the seismotectonic frame of the area: (a) a repetition of the 1995, June 15 (Mw=6.4) devastating earthquake and (b) a repetition of the 1861, December 26 earthquake of Mw=6.7 on the East Heliki Fault (EHF). The applied methodology provided comparable pattern with the real damage distribution of the 1995 earthquake, highlighting outlooks toward earthquake preparedness and risk mitigation purposes.


Ground-based synthetic aperture radar (GB-SAR) has become an important technique for remote sensing deformation monitoring. However, most of the existing GB-SAR systems realize synthetic aperture by exploiting two closely spaced horn antennas to move along a linear rail. In order to obtain higher data acquisition efficiency and a wider view angle, we introduce arc antenna array technology into the GB-SAR system, which realizes a novel kind of system: ground-based arc array SAR (GB-AA-SAR). In this paper, we analyze arc observation geometry and derive analytic expressions of sampling criteria. Then, we propose a novel wavenumber domain imaging algorithm for GB-AA-SAR, which can achieve high image reconstruction precision through numerical solutions in the wavenumber domain. The proposed algorithm can be applied in wide azimuth view angle scenarios, and the problem of azimuth mismatch caused by distance approximation in arc geometric efficient omega-k imaging can be solved successfully. Finally, we analyze the two-dimensional (2D) spatial resolution of GB-AA-SAR, and verify the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm through numerical simulation experiments.


Free products of a collection of bicyclic monoids are investigated, both in the category of monoids and the category of inverse monoids. The structure of these free products is indicated through the use of Green's relations.


The characteristics of the Chinese traditional sport of minorities in the Sanxia reservoir area were completely investigated by literature consultation, statistics and integrated analysis. It was shown that the Chinese traditional sport of minorities in the Sanxia reservoir area has the characteristics of strong religion color, characters of season, entertainment, region and body building. In allusion to the above characters useful suggestions were made for the healthy development of the traditional sports of minorities in the Sanxia reservoir area.


Data newly obtained by the authors together with already published evidence allow for a new analysis of the Triassic stratigraphy in the Strandzha Mountains. The Triassic in the Strandzha Mountains is referred with certainty to the Tethyan type of evolution. Its zonal stratigraphy is being detailized on the basis of conodont fauna, and the section is reconstructed and correlated with the other sections in Bulgaria. The numerous lithostratigraphic units already introduced have been created mainly due to secondary features as different degree of metamorphism and of tectonic reworking. They are now generalized into four formal units (Formations), and namely (from bottom to top): the basal Stravnitsa Formation built up of metagravelites, metapsammites and interbedded fine-pebble conglomerates; the Zaberska Formation (with two members, Gramatikovo and Kaziyskidol Members, respectively), built up of flyschoid alternation of shales, phyllites, metasiltstones, metapsammites, and marmorized limestones as well as of basic volcanics and ore bodies, within the age range from upper parts of the Spathian to lowermost parts of the Aegean Substage of the Anisian Stage; Kondolovo Formation built up of limestones and marmorized limestones, with Anisian (Pelsonian and Illyrian Substages) and Ladinian (Fassanian and lower and middle parts of the Longobardian Substage) age; and (at the top) the Lipacka Formation built up of flyschoid interbedding of limestones, slates and sandstones within the range upper parts of the Ladinian (Upper Longobardian Substage) – Norian (Lacian and parts of the Alaunian Substage).


EnglishThe stakes of the legal provisions to fight against deficits in the United-States are, not only financial, but also constitutional and political. Limiting deficits inevitably means touching the balance of powers with, at the end, winners and losers. The powers of Congress, almost unlimited in budgetary matters, are curtailed. Members of Congress can no longer increase or change the budget as much as they want. In practice, these legal provisions have aroused hopes but also led to disillusionment. This doesn't mean they aren't useful. In practice, they led to a reversal. Before their adoption, Congress was content to play the beautiful role of spending more and more each year. Afterwards, in agreement with the president, Congress is also there to try to spend less. francaisLes enjeux des dispositifs juridiques de lutte contre les deficits aux EtatsUnis sont non seulement financiers, mais aussi constitutionnels et politiques. Limiter les deficits, c'est immanquablement toucher a l'equilibre entre les pouvoirs avec des gagnants et des perdants. Les pouvoirs du Congres, quasi illimites en matiere budgetaire, sont brides. Les parlementaires ne peuvent plus augmenter ou modifier a leur guise le budget. Dans la pratique, ces dispositifs, ont suscite espoirs, mais aussi desillusions. Cela ne veut pas dire qu'ils ne sont pas utiles. Ils ont en effet aboutit a un renversement. Avant leur adoption, le Congres se contentait d'avoir le beau role : depenser toujours plus chaque annee. Apres, en accord avec le president, le Congres est aussi la pour essayer de depenser moins.


Opto-digital computing makes it possible to obtain 3-D atomic imaging display of crystallized molecular structures without manual model building. The method makes use of the principles of holography and of optical computing.


The authors have proposed a driving method of a piezoelectric actuator by a series of current pulses for the high resolution and the hysteresis reduction. It was compared with the voltage pulse and current linear drives by simulations with Martin's piezoelectric model. In the case of driving at a high pulse rate, no difference was observed among them. The low output impedance of the voltage source causes the ripple of the terminal voltage of the piezoelectric actuator so that the vibration of the actuator sometimes remains. In contrast, no ripple due to the low pulse density was observed in the current pulse drive. Therefore, the current pulse drive is good for the precision positioning.


Glutathione-S-transpherases play a considerable role in activation of many cytostatics including cisplatin. Polymorphism of glutathione-S-transpherase encoding genes may have effect on chemotherapy efficacy and toxicity. We studied polymorphism of GSTP1 (Ile105Val, Ala114Val), GSTA1 (-69C/T), GSTM1 and GSTT1 (deletions) in 80 women with ovarian cancer receiving cisplatin and cyclophosphamide. GSTP1 Ile105Val polymorphism was associated with a shorter time to disease progression: patients with Ile/Ile had a significantly longer progression-free survival as compared to those with Ile/Val or Val/Val genotypes. Median overall survival was not reached in either group though there was a trend in favor of Ile/Ile carriers. Patients with GSTM1 deletion had a lower risk of clinically significant anemia.


The long-term usefulness of vocabularies—whether of metadata terms or of terms in authorities for people, places, or topic categories—depends on the reliability, stability, and persistence of their documentation and identifiers.  Small organizations or projects may not be in a position to make long-term commitments on their own.  Third-party redirection services, such as purl.org, facilitate the migration of documentation and identifiers to future owners, though the unavailability of the purl.org service over the past year, recently resolved with its migration to Internet Archive, reminds us of the inherent fragility of persistence architectures built around single points of failure.  Arrangements for DNS inheritance such as the DCMI-FOAF agreement could be generalized to larger consortia of stakeholders, but how could we bootstrap such a development?


Introduction: Portulaca oleracea, or purslane, is a medicinal plant used in traditional medicine, according to its various medical properties, as well as its potential antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. Objectives: The present study aimed to investigate the efficacy of P. oleracea powder on 24-hour urine indices in patients with nephrolithiasis and normal kidney function. Patients and Methods: In this randomized clinical trial, eligible patients with nephrolithiasis were randomly assigned to receive P. oleracea or placebo capsules once daily for eight weeks. Twenty-four-hour urine indices, along with serum electrolytes, inflammatory and lipid components were measured, then compared between the two groups at baseline and the end of the trial. Results: A total of 54 patients, including 28 in P. oleracea and 26 in the control groups, were assigned. Their mean age was 42.2±9.8 years; there was no statistically significant difference between the mean age of the P. oleracea and placebo groups (42.1years versus 42.2 years, respectively; P>0.05). After eight weeks, the mean urine citrate level in the Portulaca oleracea subjects (674.82±94.56 mg/24 h) was significantly higher than placebo group subjects (579.19±85.06 mg/24 h; P<0.01). In addition, the mean urine calcium level in the P. oleracea group (176.32±27.40 mg/24 h) was significantly lower compared to the control group (194.26±25.17 mg/24 h; P=0.016). Within the groups, analysis revealed that in subjects in P. oleracea and control groups, mean serum triglyceride (TG) decreased after intervention (P=0.01 and P=0.02, respectively), as well as mean urine citrate level (P<0.01, P=0.01, respectively). Conclusion: The findings show that P. oleracea may be proposed as a medicinal plant that has a preventive effect on kidney stone formation by increasing urine citrate and decreasing urine calcium level. Trial Registration: The trial protocol was approved by the Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials (identifier: IRCT20170725035305N4; https://en.irct.ir/trial/42388, ethical code; IR.SBMU.MSP. REC.1398.538).


The fate of 0,0-dipropyl S-[2-(2'-methyl-1 /-piperidinyl)-2-oxo-ethyl] phosphorodithioate (C 19 490, piperophos), an active ingradient of herbicides Rilof ® and Avirosan® , was investigated in rats using 2-methyl [14C]-labelled material. After single oral doses (0.5 to 30 mg/kg body weight) the radioactivity was rapidly excreted, mainly through urine. Nine days after receiving a dose of 5.4 mg/kg the residues in liver, fat, kidney, muscle, blood and brain were below 0.03 ppm C 19 490 equivalents. Thirteen urine metabolites, representing 55% of the dose applied, were isolated and their structures elucidated by spectroscopic methods. The degradation of C 19 490 in the rat proceeds via hydrolysis of the thiolo phosphate followed by methylation of the sulfhydryl group. The methylthio derivative is either oxidized at the sulfur or hydroxylated at the piperidme moiety. Hydroxylation at the a-C leads via ring opening to carboxylic acids. The hydroxypiperidine derivatives are conjugated with glucuronic acid. Nounchanged C 19 490 was excreted with the urine and the amount of 14CO2 expired was below 0.5% of the dose.


This study aims to shed light on the news selection process by examining the news values currently operational in British newspapers. The study takes as its starting point Galtung and Ruge's widely cited taxonomy of news values established in their 1965 study and puts these criteria to the test in an empirical analysis of news published in three national daily UK newspapers. A review of Galtung and Ruge's original study as well as a wider review of related literature is provided. The findings of the news content analysis are used to evaluate critically Galtung and Ruge's original criteria and to propose a contemporary set of news values.


From the perspective of formation,development and connotation of Wu-Yue cultures cultural characteristics of Wu-Yue architecture were systematically summarized as integrated architectural layout and water,proper combination of architecture,religion and culture,unified architectural language,elegant colors,plain building materials and exquisite craft;spiritual peculiarity of Wu-Yue Culture was concluded as inclusive and tolerant,simple but clever;practical and truthful,pioneering and self-transcending.Orientations for architectural style of Meizhu Town were proposed as orderly and rhythmic layouts,abandoning redundancy and pursuing concision,elegant and comfortable,natural and harmonious,proper innovations.


cutaneous distribution of SSN is present in approximately 15% of the population, and even in them, the cutaneous branch can arise from the main stem before the transverse scapular ligament. It is to be noted that the external rotation of the arm used for SSN testing can be achieved not only by supraspinatus and infraspinatus muscles but also by the teres minor supplied by the posterior branch of the AXN, which might have been spared with our technique of AXN block. This may have led the blinded assessor to mark the blocks as incomplete owing to the presence of sensation or motor power and does not represent failed blocks. A more posterior approach to the AXN may have circumvented this problem in testing motor and sensory block. At the start of the study design, we were aware of the limitation in sensory motor testing for SSN and AXN territories, as they contribute very little and overlapping sensory innervation to the skin; and the motor testing may be coinfluenced by the action of other muscles not blocked by SSN-AXN. We were not aware of any better testing method for both these nerves, and hence wechoseadualultrasound+neurostimulation guidance for the performance of the blocks to ensure the accuracy of the injections. A more proximal approach for SSN + AXN blocks may achieve a better cover of sensorymotor distribution around the shoulder joint and may affect analgesic efficacy of these nerve blocks. Regarding the second concern raised by the authors, the central tendency of distribution can be interpreted as mean or median depending on the distribution of the samples. A statistician whowas not part of the study performed Shapiro-Wilk test for the normality of distribution of the primary variable before performing the relevant statistics. Although we agree that median values may have a better buffer against extreme values than means, the normal distribution of variables prompted us to represent the central tendency as mean values in our study. We must point out that by providing 95% confidence intervals for the continuous variables, the dispersion of the values and an idea as to where the population mean may lie is provided. The equivalence between the groups was calculated based on the confidence interval of difference in mean values, which is an accepted method to look for equivalence. We agreewith the last comment by the authors regarding the use of the presence of a placebo group. However, our study was not designed as a placebo-controlled trial. Our hypothesis was to compare the analgesic efficacy of the 2 blocks in the early postoperative period and not test for rebound hyperalgesia.


Theology, Philosophy, and Sufism are the main rational domainsof Muslim thought."MuslimMysticism" is pattern of life.An important aim of the "Muslim Mysticism" is how to be a perfect being.Jalal al-Din Rumi, the great Persian Sufi master and poet had the main important points of Sufism in his poetry. Drawing upon Rumi's writings of the thirteenth century, it can be understood that there is something beyond religion, and a hopeful domain of spirituality is clear in his poetry. We should climb a ladder of Sufism for understanding Rumi. This article attempts to discuss Sufism, origin of Sufism, and the message of Sufism which is hidden in Rumi's poetry.


mine environment for visualization was studied used OpenGL and Visual C++.Put forward a bold application of particle system to simulate mine airflow direction.The research for mine operation of the engineering and technical personnel to provide convenient conditions,without the master professional knowledge can be applied to the technical ease of mine system changes of various operations.At the same can achieve the controllability and visualization of mine,and in the design process must advantage and improve the deficiencies,as the mine daily production provides assistant decision function.


The increasing sophistication of well-traveled customers and the burgeoning young demographic known as Generation Y constitute major environmental forces that are beyond the lodging industry's immediate control. Generation Y will form the bulk of new hires who, by the nature of their drastic differences in work values and lifestyles, will not be attracted to hotels as they are currently operated. The purpose of the authors in this article is to examine these environmental forces and propose a conceptual framework for an organizational structure at the unit level in the hotel industry that will create an attractive work environment for Generation Y.


Recent cosmic ray muon tomography applications use detectors that measure position and direction of the individual muons before and after traversing the imaged object. However, muon reconstruction techniques are limited in resolution due to low muon flux and the effects of a single Coulomb scattering assumption. In the present work, the use of a Bayesian framework and a Gaussian approximation of multiple Coulomb scattering (MCS) is explored for maximum-a-posteriori estimation of the most likely path of a cosmic ray muon traversing a uniform and non uniform medium and undergoing MCS. Results were generated using a validated Geant4 workspace. The algorithm is expected to be able to predict muon tracks with improved accuracy and to increase the useful muon flux by 30% over a traditional point-of-closest-approach (PoCA) method. The effect of energy loss due to ionization is investigated, and an energy loss relation is derived and validated.


We set up a linear statistical model, which is just a set of equations for the observed values of the response variable — the statistical model is a mathematical abstraction that provides a conceptual framework for our analysis. Let Yij represent the value of the response variable for the j-th reading taken under Treatment i, i = 1, . . . , a; j = 1, . . . , ni. The model expresses each Yij as the sum of a systematic component μ + τi and a random component εij:


Lift-drag ratio, lift and drag coefficients and angle of attack effects on Gemini and Apollo reentry vehicles measured in shock tunnel under free flight conditions


Thesis Submitted in Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Award of the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy (Tourism Management) in the school of Hospitality and Tourism of Kenyatta University, October 2015


In this paper, we address the problem of how to bootstrap a cognitive architecture to opportunistically start learning skills in domains where multiple skills can be learned at the same time. To this end, taking inspiration from a series of computational models of the use of motivations in infants, we propose an approach that leverages two types of cognitive motivations: exploratory and proficiency based, the latter modulated by the concept of interestingness as an implementation of attentional mechanisms. This approach is tested in an illustrative experiment with a real robot.


We construct the three-body permutation symmetric hyperspherical harmonics based on the subgroup chain S3 ⊗ SO (3)rot ⊂ O(2) ⊗ SO (3)rot ⊂ O(6) (and the subalgebra chain u(1) ⊗ so(3)rot ⊂ u(3) ⊂ so(6)). These hyperspherical harmonics represent a natural basis for solving non-relativistic three-body Schrodinger equation in three spatial dimensions. In particular, we apply the calculated three-particle harmonics to the three-quark bound state problem. We consider confining Δ- and Y-string three-quark effective potentials, and then calculate the spectrum of low-lying (K < 4) bound states.


Lava channels are features seen throughout the inner Solar System, including on Earth, the Moon, and Mars. Flow emplacement is therefore a crucial process in the shaping of planetary surfaces. Many studies, including some completed by members of this team at the December 1974 lava flow, have investigated the dynamics of lava flow emplacement, both on Earth and on the Moon and how pre-flow terrain can impact final channel morphology, but far fewer have focused on how the compositional characteristics of the substrate over which a flow was em-placed influenced its final flow morphology. Within the length of one flow, it is common for flows to change in morphology, a quality linked to rheology (a function of multiple factors including viscosi-ty, temperature, composition, etc.). The relationship between rheology and temperature has been well-studied but less is known about the relationship between an older flow's chemistry and how the interaction between this flow and the new flow might affect lava rheology and therefore emplacement dynamics. Lava erosion. Through visual observations of active terrestrial flows, mechanical erosion by flowing lava has been well-documented. Lava erosion by which flow composition is altered as the active lava melts and assimilates the pre-flow terrain over which it moves is also hypothesized to affect channel formation. However, there is only one previous field study that geochemically documents the process in recent basaltic flow systems.


Based on the traditional rational consumption model and consuming value model,this paper constructs a relationship model of green information,consumers' perception of green food attributes and their green purchasing behavior.The result shows that the traditional consumer behavior model embedded in the green conception can still explain the green purchasing behavior.Moreover,the green information not only has direct impact on consumers' buying process,but also has significant disturbance effects in the relationship between consumers' perception of green food attributes and their green purchasing behavior.