A sputtering target having a topcoat of one piece of a length of at least 80 cm comprising a mixed oxide of zinc, tin and optionally gallium, wherein the mixed oxide comprises oxide zinc stannate and the proportion of tin in said mixture of oxides to the total amount of gallium, zinc and tin is 15 to 55% by at.


In this paper, we study a new class of 3‐point boundary value problems of nonlinear fractional difference equations. Our problems contain difference and fractional sum boundary conditions. Existence and uniqueness of solutions are proved by using the Banach fixed‐point theorem, and existence of the positive solutions is proved by using the Krasnoselskii's fixed‐point theorem. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.


The invention provides a preparation method of intercalated germanium-silicon device. The method comprises the following steps: etching a groove in a source/drain region of a semiconductor substrate; and processing a first germanium-silicon layer with high temperature oxidation after epitaxially depositing the first germanium-silicon layer on lateral side of the groove, so as to oxidize the silicon inside the first germanium-silicon layer, whereas the germanium moves into the semiconductor substrate around the first germanium-silicon layer in order to form a new germanium-silicon layer, therefore the processed first germanium-silicon layer is closer to a trench, thereby having a greater trench zone effective stress and increasing the performance of the intercalated germanium-silicon device.


Layered lead halides offer potential for light-emitting and photovoltaic devices. Here, we report the synthesis of two-dimensional (2D) lead iodide with single-octahedra slabs separated by the smal...


Julia Segal has worked as a specialist counsellor for people with MS since 1985 in both self-help charity and NHS settings. She also works privately as a counsellor and visiting lecturer in several universities. She trains professionals working with people with neurological conditions, chronic illnesses and other disabilities. She has written extensively about working with people with chronic illnesses and disabilities and about the experiences of their families and of health professionals working for them. Her first book was Phantasy in Everyday Life, (Penguin Books, Karnac Books and Aronson) in which she used the ideas of Melanie Klein and other psychoanalysts to explore new ways of looking at relationships. With John Simkins, she also wrote Helping Children with Ill or Disabled Parents (Jessica Kingsley), for parents and professionals.


This study was undertaken to investigate the protective ef pancreatic β-cells against diabetes mellitus and oxidative stress e treatment in Wistar rats. Fifty male and female Wistar rats (2 experimental groups (i. e., control, STZ-treated, and STZ + Querce diabetic groups (B and C) of animals, by a single intraperitoneal inj in the 'control' group received equal volume of citrate buffer (pH quercetin (QCT, 25 mg/kg/day i. p.) was injected daily for 3 days p continued until the end of the study period (30 days). Diabetes melli Elite and compatible blood glucose test strips. The rats were sacr (after 30 days). The pancreases of the sacrificed rats were excised a and biochemical assays for antioxidant enzymes [such as glutathio (SOD), catalase (CAT), malondialdehyde (MDA) and serum nitric cells of STZ-treated group B rats histologically demonstrated vesiculation in the central β-cells, nuclear shrinkage, and lysis morphology of QCT-treated rats' pancreases showed viable cellu significantly decreased (p<0.05) GSHPx, SOD, CAT and pancre increased blood glucose concentrations, MDA and serum NO. significant decrease (p<0.05) in elevated blood glucose, MDA and increased (p<0.05) antioxidant enzymes' activities, as well as treatment protected and preserved pancreatic β-cell architecture a present experimental animal study indicate that QCT treatment has to STZ-induced oxidative stress by directly quenching lipid per endogenous antioxidants.


In order to help data curators, data scientists, and other users in the domain of Linked Data to identify potentially new data sources, it is important to understand the corresponding data schema. The schema can help to determine the domain of the data (e.g. bibliographic data, geospatial data, etc.), its structure and more. We analyzed several strategies and systems which extract schemas in an online approach. Established systems using SPARQL endpoints for online schema extraction are limited when knowledge bases are very large or complex. Due to the growth of Linked Data, the knowledge bases has become larger and their structure more complex. Therefore, this paper will discuss some limitations of current strategies.


Experience of running an MSc short course in RF Engineering currently in its seventh year is reported. The course has been consistently successful in attracting attendees from UK and European industry, in fact of the ten courses on offer it has been the most popular. The course is also an option for students enrolled for an MSc in Telecommunications and Information Systems at Essex.


This short paper encourages critical thinking and debate around the importance of temporal contexts within qualitative research. It highlights the implicit use of time-related issues within interview-based research. As such it illustrates the advantages and disadvantages of choosing either one-off, or multiple, interviews as means of collecting data with individual participants. Moreover, the paper also describes how thinking through the staging of distinct phases of data collection and data analysis may bring both added value yet also added work load to any given research project.


Despite their obvious differences in style, setting, and literary background, Richard Wright's novel Black Boy and Knut Hamsun's Sult share a marked similarity in their contemplation of hunger as both a social and existential issue. This matter is one that is bound up with the creation and understanding of self-fashioning and identity, as related through the subjective perceptions and experiences of the narrator.


Abstract The present study was an attempt to understand sport volunteers' commitment to an organization from a developmental perspective and propose a hierarchical model of volunteer commitment based on Kohlberg's moral development model. The proposed model includes five stages of attitudinal commitment which are developmental and distinct in nature with the following hierarchical sequence: primitive commitment, continuance commitment, external commitment, normative commitment, and affective commitment. By comparing Kohlberg's moral development model with the three components of Allen and Meyer's organizational commitment, we contend that the external commitment and the primitive commitment need to be included to view sport volunteers' commitment from the developmental perspective. Along with these two new commitment concepts, the characteristics and theoretical reasoning related to each stage of sport volunteers' organizational commitment were addressed.


DNA interaction with disulfophthalocyanine of cobalt (CodSPC) was studied by UVVIS spectrophotometry and low gradient viscometry. The thermal denaturation of DNA in complexes with CodSPC was compared with free DNA denaturation. The small increase in melting temperature indicates that the secondary structure of DNA in complexes is stable. As a results of experimental research the external binding of CodSPC to DNA was determined. The only one type of binding is accompanied by stacking of heterocycles at high concentrations of CodSPC. An increase in viscosity of DNA solutions with the growth of CodSPC concentration can be explained by intermolecular DNA contacts via CodSPC.


We now summarize our results. Whenever /5 is within some e neighborhood of 90° (e -> 0), a and y are obtained from Eqs. (6a) and (6b) or Eqs. (9), and ft is obtained from Eq. (2b) or Eq. (8), where in the latter equation the ± signs must be distinguished according to whether ft has been increasing or decreasing in its passage through 90°. Outside of this e neighborhood afiy are always given by Eqs. (2).


Submitted for the MAR08 Meeting of The American Physical Society Tunable Liquid Micromirror Based on Self-Assembly of "Janus" Particles TOM KRUPENKIN, University of Wisconsin Madison, MIKE BUCARO, PAUL KOLODNER, Bell Labs, Alcatel Lucent, J. ASHLEY TAYLOR, University of Wisconsin Madison — In optofluidics, control over light propagation is primarily achieved by using the optical properties of liquid-gas and liquidliquid interfaces. Currently, the vast majority of existing optofluidic systems are refractive optical devices. However, reflective optofluidic devices potentially have a number of important advantages over their refractive counterparts, since they are not constrained by the relatively low refractive index contrast commonly found in liquid-liquid and liquid-gas interfaces. In this work, we propose and experimentally demonstrate a novel approach that makes it possible to create tunable reflective liquid surfaces by combining the flexibility and tunability of liquid-liquid interfaces with the excellent reflective properties of solid metal surfaces. We employ self-assembly of reflective solid "Janus" particles at the interfaces between polar and non-polar liquids to create highly flexible, continuous, reflective "carpets" capable of acting as spherical micromirrors. We have successfully demonstrated electrowetting-based dynamic tuning of these micromirrors, including electrical control over mirror shape and focal distance. The mirror self-assembly process was studied as a function of the particle functionalization and of the chemical properties of the liquids involved. Potential applications of the proposed mirrors are also discussed. Tom Krupenkin University of Wisconsin Madison Date submitted: 27 Nov 2007 Electronic form version 1.4


A kind of strength optimal design of a cylindrical shell with axisymmetrical variable thickness and under lateral pressure is considered.The object is to find optimal thickness to minimize the maximum reduced stress.By use of the stepped reduction method,the equilibrium equations of the cylindrical shell under arbitrarily axisymmetrically distributed load are solved and its explicit solutions are obtained in the form of transition matrix. Based on a proper failure hypothesis, the optimal problem with the constraint of constant volume is reduced to a nonlinear programming problem.This procedure converges quickly and numerical results show the effectiveness of the method. Finally,the analytical considerations are presented and some appropriate shell test cases are expected.


The electronic spectra of iodine diluted in three kinds of mixed solvents, ethanol–heptane, 1,4-dioxane–cyclohexane, and tetrahydrofuran–cyclohexane have been measured as a function of molar composition in mixed solvents and a factor analysis technique has been applied to interpret the results. The number of different iodine-solvent complexes in ethanol solutions is smaller than that in ether solutions.


BACKGROUND
Transradial approach PCI reduces vascular complications compared with a transfemoral approach (TFA). TRA-PCI failure has been reported in 5-10% of cases. Reported studies showed that age > 75 years, previous CABG, short stature, female sex, and cardiogenic shock were independent predictors of TRA-PCI failure. However, related risk factors and causes of TRA-PCI failure are not well characterized, especially among Asians.

OBJECTIVES
To explore the risk factors and causes of transfemoral approach (TRA)-PCI failure in Chaoshan area.

METHODS
We retrospectively analyzed our databases for all patients who underwent TRA-PCI from January 2011 to June 2014 in the First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to determine independent risk factors of TRA-PCI failure and the causes of TRA-PCI failure.

RESULTS
A total of 1,276 patients underwent TRA-PCI. From univariate analyses, patients in the TRA-PCI failure group were significantly in women, and more likely to be age > 75 years compared with TRA-PCI success group. Besides, patients in the TRA-PCI failure group were significantly more likely to suffer from left main coronary disease, more heparin dose, longer fluoroscopy time, and more PCI procedural failure compared with the TRA-PCI successful group. From multivariate analysis, female and age > 75 years were independent predictors of TRA-PCI failure. The causes of TRA-PCI failure included unsuccessful radial artery puncture in 34, vascular anomaly in 54, and the problems of guide catheter and guide wire in 26 patients.

CONCLUSIONS
Being female and age > 75 years were independent risk factors of TRA-PCI failure. TRA-PCI failures indicated more possibility to suffer from left main coronary disease. The causes of TRA-PCI failure were complicated, among of those vascular abnormalities was an important factor.


Introduction. Nowadays, there is a trend to use by-products to develop functional ingredients, such as antioxidants, polyphenols and carotenoids. Objective. Evaluate the content of carotenoids in waste materials from the agricultural transformation of tropical fruits. materials and methods. Five samples of orange, papaya, guava and pineapple waste materials were used as study samples. Each one had its pH, acidity and dry matter evaluated according to the AOAC, 2005, methodology. The CIELab color parameters and the total content of carotenoids were also evaluated, by the use of the spectrophotometric method, using an extraction solution of 2:1:1 hexane/acetone/ethanol. Results. The papaya waste had the highest carotenoid content -5,881±0,35 mg β-carotene/100gfollowed by the guava -4,20±2,33 μg β-carotene/100g-. Conclusion. Papaya and guava wastes are promising sources of carotenoid pigments that can be used in pharmaceutical and food industries.


Abstract: "Culture and social cohesion" is not (yet) an important policy or media issue in Spain. This article analyzes the reasons for this, emphasizing the importance of the full sociohistorical context (such as the late development of the "welfare" state, the importance of families in producing cohesion, and the territorial aspects of cultural diversity). New social developments, including the rise of economic globalization, the growth of individualism, and the increase of immigrants from poor countries, all converge around the question of "culture and social cohesion." A broader vision is needed of the possible actors, activities, and systems to help manage these issues, together with a greater emphasis on the role of local partnerships in the production of social capital and in building a more active general cultural participation. Resume: « Culture et cohesion sociale » ne sont pas (encore) des questions politiques ou mediatiques importantes en Espagne. Cette etude analyse les raisons de cette situation, mettant l'accent sur l'importance du contexte socio-historique complet (tel que le developpement tardif de l'Etat providence, l'importance des familles pour la cohesion, et les aspects territoriaux de la diversite culturelle). Des developpements sociaux, y compris la montee de la mondialisation economique, de l'individualisme, et de l'emigration de pays pauvres, convergent autour de la question de « culture et cohesion sociale ». Il devient necessaire d'acquerir une vision plus large des acteurs, activites et systemes pouvant aider a gerer ces questions. Il devient necessaire aussi d'insister plus fort sur le role d'associations locales dans la production de capital social et sur une participation generale plus active dans la culture.


This work presents a broadband asymmetrical continuous-mode class J Doherty power amplifier (PA) using complex combining load. The DPA functions as a class J PA when operating in the low power region. The proposed Doherty PA (DPA) achieves continuous mode class J characteristics by varying the reactive part of the complex load. This variable complex combing load has been realized by a novel post-matching network (PMN). A detailed theoretical analysis is presented that shows the impedance transformation procedure from the asymmetrical DPA impedance trajectory to a class J. To validate the proposed technique, a prototype PA has been designed with Cree GaN devices for 9 dB output power back-off (OBO) operating from 1.8 GHz to 2.6 GHz. In the aforementioned frequency band, the PA achieves 61%–76% efficiency at saturation and 43%–60% efficiency at OBO. The PA maintains 10 dB gain and an average of 43 dBm power over the entire frequency range.


Murray, AU·Senior Pre.ident, Anticipate. Bir Affair Thi. Morninr the Daily Iowan, both editorial eral arts building, where senior and and business, will be succeeded by class badges, alumni luncheon tickets the staffs that have been elected commencement play tickets, and comfor the coming summer session. men cement exercises tickets may be Publication of the Daily Iowan secured. Visitors and seniors will DANCE BEGINS AT 10 :30


Implementation of strategies is one of the most challenging task County Governments are facing in Kenya today including Embu County. Due to challenges of implementing formulated strategies Embu County Government has been experiencing declining performance. Therefore, it is on this background that this study sought to establish the effect of employee on the performance of Embu County Government. The specific objective of the study was to determine the effect of employee training on performance of Embu County Government. The study was informed by resource based view and holistic strategy implementation theories. The study adopted a descriptive research design and census sampling approach where the respondents of the study comprised top level management of Embu County Government. Primary data was obtained by use of questionnaires containing semi structured questions with secondary data being obtained from strategic plans and sessional papers on development of Counties in Kenya. Validity of the instrument was determined by using experts in strategic management in the school of Business, Kenyatta University while reliability of the instrument was determined by using Cronbach Alpha coefficients of 0.7. Qualitative data and quantitative data was analyzed using content analysis, correlation and regression analysis respectively.95% confidence level, regression analysis was used to test for statistical significance between variables. The study established that there exist a positive significant relationship between employee training and performance of Embu County Government. Since employee training had a positive effect on performance of Embu County Government the study recommends that more funds be allocated for training to enhancing employee capability to implement formulated strategies hence improving the overall county performance.


Introduction Of the many study designs used in nutrition science, the randomized clinical trial (RCT) is largely held in highest regard for its clinical relevance and ability to address cause and effect relationships. Researchers utilize RCTs to provide scientific evidence addressing controversial topics about what to eat or avoid. However, RCTs have their own challenges, particularly when it comes to comparing 2 diet types or patterns – e.g. Diet A vs. Diet B. A better understanding and appreciation of these challenges and limitations can help show how seemingly conflicting, confusing and controversial findings are often more aligned and consistent than it may seem.


The main objective of seismic rehabilitation in the foundations is decreasing the range of horizontal and vertical vibrations and omitting high frequencies contents under the seismic loading. In this regard, the advantages of micropiles network is utilized. Reduction in vibration range of foundation can be achieved by using high dynamic rigidness module such as deep foundations. In addition, natural frequency of pile and soil system increases in regard to rising of system rigidness. Accordingly, the main strategy is decreasing of horizontal and vertical seismic vibrations of the structure. In this case, considering the impact of foundation, pile and improved soil foundation is a primary concern. Therefore, in this paper, effective factors are studied on the seismic rehabilitation of foundations applying network micropiles in sandy soils with nonlinear reaction. Keywords—Micropile network, rehabilitation, vibration, seismic load.


Low vegetation and linear features, such as terraces, paths, hedges and fences can contribute to estimation of management factor in soil erosion models, while recognition, allocation, and identification of olive mills waste tanks can support selection indicators and setup of criteria for pollution risk assessment. In this work, the olive oil production area of Kolymvari in the island of Crete, Greece was selected in order to indicate the aforementioned features. An image of very high spatial resolution, namely a QuickBird image was used and visual photo-interpretation as well as object-oriented analysis was applied. Use of a DEM, the cooperation with local experts, and a field survey assisted the interpretation of the image. Eleven out of 15 waste tanks recognised in the image were validated. Linear features and low vegetation were successfully identified after support by object-oriented analysis.


Introduction
Recurrent tuberculosis (TB) occurring >2 years after completing treatment for a prior TB episode is most often due to reinfection with a new strain of M. tuberculosis.

Objectives
We determined the prevalence and outcome of late recurrent TB among hospitalized patients in Kampala, Uganda.

Methods
We conducted a retrospective analysis of patients admitted to Mulago Hospital who had cough of >2 weeks' duration and completed TB treatment >2 years prior to admission. All patients had mycobacterial culture performed on two sputum specimens and vital status ascertained 2-months post-enrollment. We performed modeling to identify predictors of recurrent TB and of survival.

Results
Among 234 patients, 84 (36%) had recurrent TB. Independent predictors included younger age (aOR=0.64, 95% CI=0.42-0.97, p=0.04), chest pain >2 weeks (aOR=3.32, 95% CI=1.38-8.02, p=0.007), severe weight loss ≥5 kilograms (aOR=4.88, 95% CI=1.66-14.29, p=0.004) and presence of ≥1 WHO danger sign of severe illness (aOR=3.55, 95% CI=1.36-9.29, p=0.01). Two-month mortality was 17.8% (95% CI=10.5-29.2%), and was higher among patients not initiated on TB treatment (aHR=16.67, 95% CI=1.18-200, p=0.04), not on ART if HIV-positive (aHR=16.99, 95% CI=1.17-246.47, p=0.04) and with a history of smoking (aHR=1.20, 95% CI=1.03-1.40, p=0.02).

Conclusion
The high prevalence of late recurrent TB likely reflects high levels of TB transmission in Kampala. Increased use of empiric TB treatment and early ART treatment initiation if HIV-positive should be considered in patients with a prior history of TB, particularly if young, with weight loss ≥5kgs, chest pain >2 weeks or ≥1 WHO danger sign of severe illness.


Comorbidity is a topic that our stakeholders––patients, family members, health care professionals, and others–– frequently ask about. It is also a topic about which we have insufficient information, so it remains a research priority for NIDA. This Research Report provides information on the state of the science in this area. Although a variety of diseases commonly co-occur with drug abuse and addiction (e.g., HIV, hepatitis C, cancer, cardiovascular disease), this report focuses only on the comorbidity of drug use disorders and other mental illnesses.* To help explain this comorbidity, we need to first recognize that drug addiction is a mental illness. It is a complex brain disease characterized by compulsive, at times uncontrollable drug craving, seeking, and use despite devastating consequences— behaviors that stem from drug-induced changes in brain structure and function. These changes occur in some of the same brain areas that are disrupted in other mental disorders, such as depression, anxiety, or schizophrenia. It is therefore not surprising that population surveys show a high rate of co-occurrence, or comorbidity, between drug addiction and other mental illnesses. While we cannot always prove a connection or causality, we do know that certain mental disorders are established risk factors for subsequent drug abuse— and vice versa. It is often difficult to disentangle the overlapping symptoms of drug addiction and other mental illnesses, making diagnosis and treatment complex. Correct diagnosis is critical to ensuring appropriate and effective treatment. Ignorance of or failure to treat a comorbid disorder can jeopardize a patient's chance of recovery. We hope that our enhanced understanding of the common genetic, environmental, and neural bases of these disorders—and the dissemination of this information—will lead to improved treatments for comorbidity and will diminish the social stigma that makes patients reluctant to seek the treatment they need. Is there a relationship between childhood ADHD and later drug abuse? See page 2. W hen two disorders or illnesses occur in the same person, simultaneously or sequentially, they are described as comorbid. Comorbidity also implies interactions between the illnesses that affect the course and prognosis of both. *Since the focus of this report is on comorbid drug use disorders and other mental illnesses, the terms " mental illness " and " mental disorders " will refer here to disorders other than substance use disorders, such as depression, schizophrenia, anxiety, and mania. The terms " dual diagnosis, " " mentally ill chemical abuser, " …


To come under colonial occupation is to live in a state of constant displacement. Under siege from the economic, military, and cultural forces of the metropole, a colonized people finds itself constrained to exist on the expanding borders of imperial designs. Differentially positioned within the structures of the colonial regime, it must perforce negotiate with and around the regime's agents and institutions, now rejecting, now acceding to the Other's claims on land, labor, and loyalties. As such, this people continually recasts, even as it appropriates, identities and languages: those of its real or imagined ancestors, as well as those imposed on it by the colonial state or imputed to it by other ethnic groups. With these efforts, it seeks a place in the social hierarchy, even as it struggles to project alternative conditions for future empowerment.


The purposes of this research were to develop model of total quality management for security services business and used the model to develop and find the curriculum efficiency of total quality management for security services business in services industry. The research and development were divided into 6 steps as follows; 1) the development of total quality management model for security services business in services industry. 2) the development of training curriculum 3) the curriculum trial 4) the management curriculum training 5) the operation curriculum training 6) after training monitoring.  The samples of this study were 8 experts who provided the information in the in-deep interviewing process, 9 experts in the focus group, 8 trainees in the curriculum trial, 28 trainees from top management, middle management and lower management who attended the management curriculum training and 40 trainees from operation level who attended the operation curriculum training.  The research tools for data collection were in-deep interview form, model assessment form, topic assessment form, appropriate curriculum assessment form, theoretical and practical test form, monitoring assessment form.  The statistics in this study were mean, percentage and standard deviation. The research results from development of quality management model for security services business in services industry revealed that it was appropriate at the highest level. The quality management model for security services business or Guards Model were developed the curriculum on total quality management for security services business in services industry. The appropriate and consistent assessment results evaluated by specialists showed that the training curriculum had two levels which were management and operation level. The curriculum training implementation for management level with the sample of total 28 trainees, it was found that the post test and performance test were 86.60 percent and the assessment results from supervisors and subordinators found that the trainees who passed the training in the management level were meet criteria from high to the highest level. Whereas the curriculum training implementation for operation level with the sample of total 40 trainees, it was found that the post test and performance test were 87.90 percent and the assessment results from supervisors and subordinators found that the trainees who passed the training in the operation level were meet criteria from high to the highest level.


Rosi Braidotti suggests that 'The human has been subsumed in global relations of intimacy, complicity and proximity with forces of the inhuman and post-human kind: scientific, industrial and military complexes, global communication networks, processes of commodification and exchange on a global scale.' She argues further that it is the task of critical theory to track the 'fluctuations' of this new disorder (264). In this paper, I ask what tracking these fluctuations 'in global relations of intimacy, complicity and proximity' involves for the poet Dionne Brand, who sets herself this task in her long poem, Inventory, and for the critic who reads her work fully attentive to the historical legacies of humanism and their entanglements with the humanities and the humanitarian. 1 Beyond merely tracking such changes, however, I subscribe to Simon Gikandi's belief that 'the role of the critic,' at least in part, 'is to make literature the medium of problematization.' Literature itself, he suggests, 'problematizes experiences which might appear to us to be easily accessible and consumable' (4). But, as he goes on to observe, these attempts at problematizing literature risk co-option when translated into the institutional contexts provided by disciplines, the media, and the university. The call for papers for this special issue asked two related questions that I want to pursue here: 'What good is the study of literature?' and 'How does the turn to ethics position literary criticism in relation to politics?' While it is not possible to answer these questions definitively, I follow Brand's lead into registering the visceral force of the kinds of global intimacies enumerated by Braidotti to ask what these practices imply for the political projects of citizenship and community in contemporary times. I argue that to fully grasp the implications of how Brand's poetry engages and is engaged in these emerging global complicities, critics need to attend to the experiential dimensions of its affect as well as its explicit meaning. 2


Excerpt Many reports of agranulocytosis caused by drug therapy continue to appear in recent medical literature. That aminopyrine can cause this condition has been proved experimentally.1Many of the...


Some of the main problems of Spanish archives are linked to the accumulation of historical documents in the administrative archives and to the lack of a developed regulation about the valuation, selection, elimination and transfers of documents from the above mentioned administrative archives to the historical ones. Records management, recently introduced in Spain, tries to contribute to the good functioning of the system, though the techniques already mentioned. In this piece of work a detailed reference to their applications is made, especially a reference to identification and valuation, considered at the different levels of the Spanish Administration.


The electrochemical technology is demonstrated as a useful procedure to fabrication of micro or nanostructures of metals and alloys, approaching to the Nanoscience and Nanotechnology field. In our laboratory, we develop different electrochemical strategies for the synthesis of nanoparticles, from a few nanometers to tens of nanometers, core@shell nanoparticles, nanowires with modulated aspect-ratio, nanotubes or nanometric films. Herein we describe the fabrication of CoPt nanoparticles with two different structures: CoPt alloy nanoparticles over glassy carbon or carbon cloth, and core@shell Co@Pt nanoparticles over glassy carbon (GC) substrate. These structures can be useful as electrocatalyzers for methanol oxidation in acidic or basic medium.


A 40-year-old thalassemia major (genotype b0 cod39/b1 IVSI-110) patient, regularly transfused with three units of packed red cells every three weeks with an average pre-transfusion hemoglobin level of 100 g/L, presented in 2002 with a right abdominal mass measuring 7.5 cm of maximum width found incidentally during the annual ultrasound (US) examination of the abdomen. A subsequent MRI showed radiological features suggestive for extramedullary hematopoiesis (EMH) thus the mass was periodically monitored. In 2009, because of the progressive increase in mass volume, hydroxyurea therapy was started at increasing dosage up to 15 mg/kg per day. In 2014 and 2015, a US evaluation showed a rapidly increasing volume of the abdominal mass. A computed tomography (CT) scan of the abdomen and pelvis with intravenous iodine contrast (Image 1) showed a huge well circumscribed retroperitoneal poly-lobed mass in the right abdomen measuring 19 3 15 3 25 cm, originating from the right adrenal gland and displacing the liver medially and the right kidney caudally and anteriorly; moreover, it compressed the inferior vena cava and displaced the mesenteric vessels. The mass was poorly vascularized with low contrast enhancement and marked heterogeneity, primarily due to the presence of fat tissue. At this time the radiological features were more suggestive of either an angiomyolipoma or a myelolipoma rather than EMH. Laparotomy was performed and a 3.5 kg encapsulated tumor (Image 1) attached to the right adrenal gland was removed. Gross examination showed a soft yellow to red cut surface with focal areas of hemorrhage. Extensive sampling was performed given the size of the mass and microscopic examination showed typical features of myelolipomas, with varying proportions of mature adipose tissue admixed with trilineage hematopoiesis (Image 1). A thin rim of residual adrenal tissue was present at the edge of the mass. Myelolipoma is a rare tumor that accounts for approximately the 4% of adrenal tumors. Some cases are associated with chronic hemolytic anemias or ineffective erythropoiesis, including both transfusion dependent and transfusion independent thalassemia [1–4], sickle cell anemia [5,6], and hereditary spherocytosis [7,8]. In a few cases the diagnosis of myelolipoma allowed the retrospective diagnosis of the underlying congenital anemia [5,8]. These associations suggest that the tumor is under the control of hematopoietic stimuli. It has been demonstrated that the first hematopoietic activity, known as primitive hematopoiesis, appears in the blood islands of the yolk sac. However, the first hematopoietic stem cells (HSC), defined by their capacity for long-term and multi-lineage engraftment in adult recipients, appear in the mammal embryo in the (AGM) region, and then home to the fetal liver [9,10]. We demonstrated by flow cytometry that the mass of our patient contained erythroid precursors (Image 1). Hence, residual HSC in organs derived from the AGM region in patients with ineffective erythropoiesis might be the source of the tumor mass. In our cohort of 190 patients affected by transfusion dependent thalassemia, we observed four cases of myelolipoma, three originating from the adrenal glands and one from the pelvic region. Further investigations involving a greater number of patients are needed to establish the prevalence of a tumor that might be underestimated in patients affected by diseases with chronic anemia and ineffective erythropoiesis.


Systemic sclerosis, also known as Systemic Scleroderma is a multisystem disorder characterized by fibrosis of the dermis and vascular abnormalities. It is rare disorder, with an incidence of about 2-8 per 1,000,000 populations, and is even more unusual during childhood. It belongs under the spectrum of Scleroderma, a group of disorders that present with indurated patches or plaques on the skin. We are presenting a case of a 6-year-old male with diffuse indurated hidebound skin, Raynaud's phenomenon, flexion deformity of the digits, microstomia and a beak like nose with onset at 3 years of age. Biopsy revealed prominent sclerosis of the papillary and deep reticular dermis and few to absent adnexal structures in the dermis. Clinical and histological findings of the case were compatible with a diagnosis of Scleroderma. However, testing of autoantibodies such as anti-nuclear antibodies (ANA) and anti-Scl-70 yielded negative results. Additionally, systemic manifestations like pulmonary or renal involvement, which are often encountered in patients with Systemic Sclerosis, were notably absent in our case. Despite heterogeneity of its presentation, careful medical history, thorough dermatological evaluation and histopathological correlation still remains the cornerstone of diagnosis of Systemic Sclerosis. Finally, a multidisciplinary approach to management cannot be overemphasized in these patients.


Key areas to be assessed by the panelists are the merits of non-volatile memory techniques, tradeoffs between them and forecasts of trends in the next decade. Additionally, user and manufacturer panelists will probe the future of EPROMs, flash E2PROMs and E2PROMs.


A 44 year old man presented with a bullous eruption associated with gross eosinophilia. Before effective treatment was instituted he developed abdominal pain and subsequently extensive bowel necrosis. The criteria for hypereosinophilic syndrome were met by persistent eosinophilia without an established cause, in association with multiple organ system involvement.


Intelligent completions typically include permanent downhole gauges (PDG's) for continuous, real-time pressure and temperature monitoring. If adequately applied, such new technologies should allow anticipation of oil production and increase of final recovery with respect to traditional completions. In fact, pressure data collected from PDG's represent an essential information for understanding the dynamic behavior of the field and for reservoir surveillance. The potential drawback is that the number of data collected by PDG's can grow enormously, making it very difficult, if not impossible, to handle the entire pressure history as it was recorded. As a consequence it might often be necessary to reduce the pressure measurements to a manageable size, though without losing any potential information contained in the recorded data. As extensively reported in the literature, long-term data might be subject to different kinds of errors and noise, and not be representative of the real system response. Before the data can be used for interpretation purposes, especially if pressure derivatives are to be calculated (for instance, in well test analysis), an adequate filtering process should be applied. Multi-step procedures based on the wavelet analysis were presented in the literature for processing and interpreting long-term pressure data from PDG's. In this paper an improved approach largely based on the wavelet algorithms is proposed and discussed for the treatment of pressure data. All the steps of the procedure, namely outliers removal, denoising, transient identification, and data reduction were applied both to synthetic and to real pressure recordings. Results indicated that the application of the proposed approach allows identification of the actual reservoir response and subsequent interpretation of pressure data for an effective characterization of the reservoir behavior even from very disturbed signals


Tobacco is one of important crops in our country, and brings the significant irreplaceable effect into playing in countrywide economic growth. So the monitoring and scientific management of tobacco fields show especially important to us. To monitor growing crops in a large scale is a complicated problem and a satisfied method to know what the way a crop is growing has been sought by the scientists in the field. At present, the study of tobacco remote sensing monitoring is less both at home and abroad. In this paper, we try to obtain tobacco field and area by remote sensing with Yunan Province Honghe State Tobacco County as example. We adopt rejecting interfering tobacco field information classification method of supervision while monitoring and get an ideal result. Simultaneity, we also offered the suggestion of further improving classification precision.


Chironomids play an important role in the detritus cycle and as a component in brackish-and freshwater benthic and terrestrial food webs. If TBT is present in their environment, then they may accumulate tributyltin (TBT) during their juvenile period, which negatively affects many of their life history characteristics. The aim of this experiment is to test the effects of three TBT sediment concentrations (nominal 30, 90, and 180 μg/kg) on life history traits (development time, survival, fecundity, and weight) and immune response (number of hemocytes and phenoloxidase activity) of the nonbiting midge, Chironomus riparius. These responses were recorded immediately after one generation of TBT exposure, and in the long run during five consecutive generations. We also assessed recovery from pollution after four generations of TBT exposure. In a single generation, TBT affected all measured parameters, except phenoloxidase activity, when compared to the control. Long-term-effects of TBT lead to extinction of all treatments after the fifth generation. Again, all measured variables significantly differ from the control, although TBT had varying effects on the measured variables. Most of the effects of TBT on population viability were not evident during recovery, once TBT was removed from the sediment. The effect of previous TBT contamination was observed only in delayed larval development, suggesting that TBT has only limited maternal/epigenetic effects on individual condition. However, altered schedules in the life-cycle can have unexpected ecological impacts. TBT decreases the viability of Chironomus riparius and the effect will become stronger if exposure to TBT continues for many generations. Yet, the harmful effect of TBT disappears quickly as the TBT is removed from the environment. 1. INTRODUCTION Human-introduced organic tin compounds, such as tributyltin (TBT) and triphenyltin (TPT) in marine and freshwater ecosystems, have long been of interest in environmental toxicology due to their detrimental effects on nontarget organisms. 1,2 Organic tin compounds have been utilized extensively in industry for the last 60 years as heat and light stabilizers for polyvinyl chloride (PVC) products, pesticides, fungicides, and marine antifouling paints. 3 Although organic tin compounds are rapidly decomposed in aerated water columns, they appear to be quite stable, present for up to tens of years in anaerobic sediments. 4 As a consequence, concentrations in sediments from harbors can be high even at present, although organic tin compounds have been completely banned in IMO member states since 2008.


The response of an eddy-permitting ocean model to changes imposed by the use of different mean dynamic topographies (MDT) is analyzed in a multivariate assimilation context, allowing the evaluation of this impact, not only on the surface circulation, but also on the interior ocean representation. The assimilation scheme is a reduced-order sequential Kalman filter (SEEK). In a first set of experiments, high resolution sea surface temperature, along-track sea surface height and sea surface salinity from climatology are assimilated into a 1/3° resolution North and Tropical Atlantic version of the HYCOM model. In a second experiment, in situ profile data are assimilated in addition to the surface measurements. The first set of experiments illustrates that important differences in the representation of the horizontal model circulation pattern are related to differences in the MDT used. The objective of assimilation is to improve the representation of the 3D ocean state. However, the imperfect representation of the mean dynamic topography appears to be an important limiting factor with regard to the degree of realism obtained in the simulated flow. Vertical temperature and salinity profiles are key observations to drive a general circulation ocean model toward a more realistic state. The second set of experiments shows that assimilating them in addition to sea surface measurements is a far from trivial exercise. A specific difficulty is due to inconsistencies between the dynamic topography diagnosed from in situ observations and that diagnosed from sea surface height. These two fields obtained from different data sources do not contain exactly the same information. In order to overcome this difficulty, a strategy is proposed and validated.


A total of 237 Malay children (119 girls and 118 boys) were tested with serial dilutions of phenyl‐thio‐urea for their taste threshold. The method used is similar to the first stage of the method described by Harris & Kalmus (1949).


Seven silver objects from antique Georgia, e. g. a raven and a goddess Diana sculpture, have been archaeometallurgically investigated. Six are dated into the 1st century AD and have been found in a burnt down palace at "Dedoplis Gora". They are all strongly affected by  a fire which was caused by an earthquake in 80 AD. Another object of study is a fragmented silver box of the 3rd century AD, excavated  at Mtskheta, the old capital of the Kingdom of Kartli. All objects come from a time of great political influence from Rome. The  provenance investigation by lead isotope analysis points not only to three different sources in the Roman Empire, the Central Balkans, the Cévennes (Massif Central) in France and the Pangeon Mountains in northern Greece, but also to lead-silver mines in Iran.


Leucine, an essential branched amino acid, has anti-obesity effects on glucose tolerance, lipid metabolism, and insulin sensitivity. The catabolism of Leucine is a conserved regulator of physiological aging, participating in diverse physiological and pathological processes. This topic review offers an up-to-date report on the decomposition and metabolites of leucine in mammals, as α-ketoisocaproate (KIC) and β-hydroxy-β-methylbutyrate (HMB).


This paper presents the ongoing research related to the development of IoT platforms for the detection of damage in steel railway bridges. The development encompasses several fields from sensors, to damage detection, to data transmission, and to the infrastructure management system. The paper introduces the concept of regular availability of up-to-date data sets through an Internet-of-Things (IoT) approach that integrates information in cloud-based BIM platforms. Initial case studies have been developed in routinely performed load tests. Furthermore, laboratory experiences aimed at calibrating numerical methods under a controlled environment are being developed. Subsequently, complete systems encompassing different parts will be implemented in the form of real-case studies. The steps that have been performed so far include i) measurement of key characterizing data from these structures using different platforms ii) data transmission using different ranges and platforms iii) damage detection using advanced FE-models and iv) understanding the data management platforms and the corresponding interoperability. The ongoing research project includes experiences in a joint effort between academia and industrial partners. The assessed structures include (but are not limited to) either new or existing steel railway bridges.


1Voivodeship Rescue Service in Katowice, Poland 2Department of Emergency Medicine and Disasters, Medical University of Bialystok, Voivodeship Rescue Service in Katowice, Poland 3College of Strategic Planning in Dabrowa Gornicza, Poland 43rd Department of Cardiology, School of Medicine with The Division of Dentistry in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland 5Department of Nutrition-Related Disease Prevention, School of Public Health in Bytom, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Poland


Bones are vital and strong, but not invincible—they can be broken. Normally, bones can repair themselves. However, sometimes broken bones must be supported using what is called an implant. An implant is a man-made device used to replace or support a missing part of the human body. In the case of a bone, an implant aims at helping the bone regain its natural function. However, inserting a foreign object into the body has several possible complications. In particular, bone-repair implants are often associated with difficult-to-fight bacterial infections. Many approaches and materials are being studied to improve bone implants. Our team based our bone implants on the bacteria-killing structures present on certain insects. Our results provide evidence that these natural structures could help us develop materials to improve bone repair, while helping to prevent bacterial infections.


The work proposes a conceptual model called MASBLOCK for scheduling and control of production and logistics operations, the study incorporates multi-agent robotic systems and blockchain technologies applied to industry. The problem identified in the research is the lack of coordination between fixed and mobile robots to develop activities and fulfill tasks in work areas, coupled with the lack or non-existence of secure data management. For this purpose, 22 scientific articles related to the subject have been considered considering three criteria (L), (Q) and (L-Q). A methodology proposed in a traditional model has been analyzed, which has served as a basis to define 5 steps for the creation of the new model, multi-agent system technologies have been incorporated for the coordination of robots and blockchain to perform secure data recording, decentralization and verifiable pose. Thus, the MASBLOCK model has been proposed, which shows an industrial environment where inputs, technologies, fixed and mobile robots interact; which perform multiple tasks, until reaching a validation point that allows to continue with the flow of activities until ending with an output, benefiting the interaction, self-programming and self-regulation of robots and all agents involved in productive and logistic operations, and data security in information management.
Keywords: Conceptual model, multi-agent robotic systems, blockchain, industry.


The externally used plaster is prepared with 36 kinds of Chinese medicinal materials including rhubarb, kansui root, Rehmannia glutinosa, Sichuan aconite root, wild aconite root, etc. and through soaking in sesame oil, decoction, adding minium, frankincense and myrrh and other steps. Through transdermal absorption and stimulation to acupoints, the plaster can promote blood circulation to disperseblood clots, eliminate inflammations, relieve pain, soften dry feces and dissipate mass.


Lipoma is soft tissue benign neoplasm and mainly composed of fat cells. They are commonly found in subcutaneous tissue but they rarely seen in intramuscular or intermuscular tissue. This case report presented an unusual case of frontalis associated lipoma in 58 year old male patient.


Methods for calculation of ship motions in waves are reviewed. An evaluation is made on advantages offered by those methods respectively.


This paper aims to evaluate the indirect economic damages to anglers of the marine recreational charter caused by marine pollution associated with the Herbei Spirit vessel, which spilled 12,547 kl of crude oil in Taean coastal areas in December 2007. In order to evaluate the indirect cost to anglers of the charter fishing, consumer surplus for charter fishing is estimated using a Poisson model (PM), a negative binomial model (NBM), a truncated Poisson model (TPM), and a truncated negative binomial model (TNBM), which account for the characteristics of count data (non-negative discrete data), for individual travel cost method (ITCM). Because of over-dispersion problem in PM and TPM, NBM and TNBM are considered to be more appropriate statistically. All parameters such as income, fishing careers, travel cost and catch that are estimated are statistically significant and theoretically valid. Based on TNBM results, consumer surplus per trip and per person was estimated to be 277 thousand won, total consumer surplus per person and per year about 2.3 million won, and the marginal effect of consumer surplus on % changes in catch rate is about 33 thousand won. The consumer surplus was converted into total indirect economic damages for aggregation which are evaluated to be 125 billion won, reflecting the number of anglers and damage rate.


This article presents the institutional implications and ideologies in the organisation of a Sports Movement for the disabled, whether a physical or sensory handicap, and focusing particular attention on its development in France, linked with international structures. The emergence and development in France of sports organisations for the disabled is based on a different model from that introduced in England by Guttmann through the Stoke Mandeville Games. From the 1960s, both trends, one supported by physicians and the other by individuals concerned with disabilities, structured the International Movement as a contest of negotiations and competition. The objective of rehabilitating paraplegics put in place at Stoke Mandeville gradually gave way to a sport rational and the integration of all types of disability within the Movement. The desire to unite in a single organisation was the driving force of the Movement in its search for dual recognition, on the one hand, as the representative of all physical and sensory deficiencies and, on the other, by the able-bodied sports councils and, in particular, the International Olympic Committee. However, this raised a number of issues inherent to any deficiency when taking into account its specific peculiarities.


The present invention relates to a suspension, solution or gas phase method at a temperature of 20 ~ 200 ℃ and a pressure of 0.5 to 50 bar, in the presence of a catalyst, the polymerization of the general formula R 4 CH = CH 2 1-alkenes for producing poly-1-olefins, wherein R 4 is hydrogen or alkyl having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, the catalyst comprising a magnesium alkoxide the reaction product of the transition metal compound (= component a) and organometallic compound (= component b) and component a has been prepared by the method of the following characteristics: first by dry grinding in the mill under inert conditions , to the d 50 represents the average particle size of 100 ~ 1000μm alkoxy magnesium oxide powder to the processing d 50 represents a magnesium alkoxide powder having an average particle size of less than 15μm, and no further reaction occurred immediately pretreatment with the transition metal compound of titanium, zirconium, vanadium, chromium, or the like in which the suspension of insoluble magnesium alkoxide in an inert hydrocarbon.


THE LOW American national saving rate has long been a serious concern to economic policymakers. Increasing national saving and investment was a principal objective of the Economic Recovery Tax Act of 1981 and of the supply-side economic policies that accompanied it. Yet the national saving rate, at least as measured in the National Income and Product Accounts, has declined sharply during the 1980s. Over the past five years, national saving has averaged only 2.3 percent of full-employment GNP, compared with 7.4 percent during 1960-80. In 1986, American net national saving was below 2 percent of GNP, less than half the rate in Britain, less than 30 percent of the rate in France and Germany, and only 10 percent of the rate in Japan. The unprecedented U.S. government budget deficits of recent years are often singled out for blame. Government dissaving as a share of fullemployment GNP indeed increased by 2.5 percentage points between 1960-81 and 1982-86. Still, rising deficits can account for only about half of the decline in the national saving rate between the two periods. The remainder is attributable to a roughly equal decline in the private saving rate. Much of that decline is in turn traceable to a fall in the personal saving rate. Low personal and private saving rates are especially striking given the widespread hope that the tax incentives enacted in 1981 would increase personal and private saving. The economic effects of the low U. S. saving rate depend on the ability of the United States to sustain large capital inflows from abroad. Over the past several years, more than half of net domestic investment has


1 Lovatt TJ, Lear JT, Bastrilles J et al. Associations between ultraviolet radiation, basal cell carcinoma site and histology, host characteristics, and rate of development of further tumors. J Am Acad Dermatol 2005; 52:468–73. 2 Telfer NR, Colver GB, Bowers PW. Guidelines for the management of basal cell carcinoma. Br J Dermatol 1999; 141:415–23. 3 Peng Q, Warloe T, Berg K et al. 5-Aminolevulinic acid-based photodynamic therapy. Clinical research and future challenges. Cancer 1997; 79:2282–308. 4 Kalka K, Merk H, Mukhtar H. Photodynamic therapy in dermatology. J Am Acad Dermatol 2000; 42:389–413. 5 Calzavara-Pinton PG. Repetitive photodynamic therapy with topical delta-aminolaevulinic acid as an appropriate approach to the routine treatment of superficial non-melanoma skin tumours. J Photochem Photobiol B 1995; 29:53–7. 6 Fijan S, Honigsmann H, Ortel B. Photodynamic therapy of epithelial skin tumours using delta-aminolaevulinic acid and desferrioxamine. Br J Dermatol 1995; 133:282–8. 7 Wolf P, Rieger E, Kerl H. Topical photodynamic therapy with endogenous porphyrins after application of 5-aminolevulinic acid. J Am Acad Dermatol 1993; 28:17–21. 8 Rhodes LE, De Rie M, Enstrom Y et al. PDT using topical methylaminolevulinate versus surgery for nodular BCC: results of a multicentre randomised propective trial. Arch Dermatol 2004; 140:17–23. 9 Thissen MRTM, Schroeter CA, Neumann HAM. Photodynamic therapy with delta-aminolaevulinic acid for nodular basal cell carcinomas using a prior debulking technique. Br J Dermatol 2000; 142:338–9.


Due to increasing regulations regarding new diesel vehicles particulate matteremissions the new Scania truck, Scania Euro 6, has been equipped with a particulatefilter. This component effectively s ...


Were analyzed and compared with each other existing theoretical models of water. In detail the features of the structure of molecules and composition of water for the development of effective methods for the separation of water-soluble gases.


Today at the 93rd General Session and Exhibition of the International Association for Dental Research, researcher M.J. Al-Musawi, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK, will present a study titled "In Vitro Effects of Topical Neuromodulatory Medication on Orofacial Tissue." The IADR General Session is being held in conjunction with the 44th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Dental Research and the 39th Annual Meeting of the Canadian Association for Dental Research.


The College of Arts and Sciences is the largeat academic unit at the University of Washington. With over 1200 faculty and over 30,000 students, it is made up of 50 departments in the Arts, Humanities, Social Sciences and Natural Sciences. It has a strong teaching emphasis most of the undergraduate courses are taught in the College and it awards over half the degrees. But there is also a strong and well funded research component our College brought in over $60,000,000 in research funds last year, most of it from national research agencies.


THE nature of political thinking in India today has attracted a good deal of attention from numerous scholars as well as others with varying degrees of interest in Indian affairs. The one over-all premise in these writings appears to be that the current political thinking in India is "Western-oriented." In other words, with the arrival of the British, Indian political thinking secured a "Western" base and the subsequent intellectual productivity was the result of European institutions and ideas.1 The following is an attempt to demonstrate that political thinking in India, past as well as present, is deeply and overwhelmingly rooted in the native thought of that country. Confrontation with Western ideas undoubtedly presented a serious challenge to the "Indian way of life and thinking," but Indian political values have always shown a great degree of persistence and have met external challenges with articulate responses of their own. It is said that democracy as a concept was introduced to India by the British. We shall endeavor to demonstrate that political thinking in India has always been based upon the theory that power is ultimately vested in the people collectively (essentials of democracy). It is, however, a trust to be fulfilled and implemented by the sovereign in accordance with those doctrines of the continuity of existence and the stability of supreme law, which are the foundations of all Indian thought both sacred and secular. The political heritage of India is very rich indeed. It contains "every known theory of government and temporal power."2 From the early times to the period of Muslim invasion and their subsequent domination, Hindu literature and political speculation showed creativity and originality. During the Muslim period, however, this intellectual ferment was less in evidence on any widespread scale. There were, however, several short-lived periods of revival, the most notable being under Maratha King Shivaji in Western India. This does not mean that the foundations of the older habits of thinking and action were in any way destroyed. Their resurgence will be discussed in greater length in the pages to follow. The most serious challenge to the Hindu political thought was presented by the Occidental ideas and the modes of life. Even this, the most articulate challenge, failed on the bedrock of classical Hindu thought, and the persistence of the Old India in the writings of the contemporary leaders proves the validity of this statement. Thus it is not with a sense of moral superiority or moral mission when modern Indian leaders, including Prime Minister Jawaharlal Nehru, provide typically "Indian" justifications of their political decisions, which to a Western mind appear to be either naive or unrealistically moralistic. For example, when Mr. Nehru pleaded for coexistence, it may be safely assumed that the obvious hard facts of the present-day world did enter into his consideration, but his emphasis was primarily laid on the old Indian tradition of "live and let live," and he was merely extending the age-old Indian tradition of coexistence between different, and often opposing, sections and communities. From earliest times in Indian history, different communities have not only existed side by side, but have actively co-operated with each other to make India pluralistic; that it is today. In the pages to follow we shall examine the salient features of Indian political thought through the ages to evaluate the challenge, response, and persistence cycle of its history.


Worldwide, the growing digitalization process and increase in smartphone usage have contributed to promoting mobile health (mHealth) services. This study provides an overview of the research targeting the effectiveness of mHealth interventions among children and adolescents in the school environment. A systematic literature review was performed following Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) in the PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus databases. The results show that physical activity and nutrition are the main intervention topics. Health literacy, mental health, productive health, vaccination rates, and social interaction were also considered in mHealth interventions. Of the 13 studies that remained for analysis, 12 described positive outcomes in at least one health variable after using an mHealth tool. Overall, interventions ranged between four and 24 weeks. Only seven studies managed to have at least 80% of the participants from the baseline until completion. Adding personal information, user interaction, and self-reference comparisons of performance seems crucial for designing successful health digital tools for school-aged children and adolescents.


Technology is a strong ally the transformation and adaptation of new knowledge, through the use of technology environments as virtual learning environments and virtual reality environments can be made more dynamic learning. This work is part of the training of teachers who work in vocational courses so that they can work with people with disabilities and insert them into the labor market, adapting their job according to your needs. For this we used technological resources that assist in training and make this more dynamic training, adapting to Massive Open Online Course (MOOCs). The technological environment developed as well as the selected learning objects were made available to participants. Questionnaires regarding usability and functionality were performed, allowing to generate an overview of the training provided to these teachers.


Background: As reported by Iranian governments, the first cases of coronavirus (COVID-19) infections confirmed in Qom, Iran on February 19, 2020 (30 Bahman 1398). The number of identified cases afterward increased rapidly and the novel coronavirus spread to all provinces of the country. This study aimed to fit an epidemic model to the reported cases data to estimate the basic reproduction number (R_0) of COVID-19 in Iran. Methods: We used data from February 21, 2020, to April 21, 2020, on the number of cases reported by Iranian governments and we employed the SIR (Susceptible-Infectious-Removed) epidemic spreading model to fit the transmission model to the reported cases data by tuning the parameters in order to estimate the basic reproduction number of COVID-19 in Iran. Results: The value of reproduction number was estimated 4.86 in the first week and 4.5 in the second week. it decreased from 4.29 to 2.37 in the next four weeks. At the seventh week of the outbreak the reproduction number was reduced below 1. Conclusions: The results indicate that the basic reproduction number of COVID-19 was significantly larger than one in the early stages of the outbreak. However, implementing social distancing and preventing travelling on Nowruz (Persian New Year) effectively reduced the reproduction number. Although the results indicate that reproduction number is below one, it is necessary to continue social distancing and control travelling to prevent causing a second wave of outbreak.


ABSTRACT Plant-available phosphorus (P) and P adsorption capacities are important for crop growth in acidic soils. Olsen P test, which is based on extraction with bicarbonate for predicting the amount of soil P available to plants, was used in this work. Soil P-adsorption capacities were determined by Langmuir line equation. The purpose of this work was to examine the suitability of Olsen P for predicting phytoavailable P and P sorption parameters in acid soil. To this end, we (i) assessed the phytoavailable P by successively pot-cropping rice and (ii) P adsorption characteristics of soil and their relation with Olsen P. Plant-available P, estimated by Olsen P in tested soil, was correlated to labile P. Qm (phosphorus sorption maximum) was negatively correlated with K (P sorption strength). P buffering capacity of soils was P3 (the highest P rate) >P2 (the second highest P rate) >P1 (the lowest P rate) >P0 (no P adding) after 75 day's rice growth, which indicated P replenishment capacity was different among P treatments. This also suggested that P of plant uptake may decrease soil buffering capacity, especially for soils that contained relatively lower amounts of P. Qm and K were not significantly correlated to Olsen P. Degree of P saturation and Olsen P shared the similar trend with the change of P application rates and sampling dates. We concluded P status in soil can be characterized by degree of P saturation and Olsen P in tested soil. They were able to explain P status from both agronomic and environmental aspects. Abbreviations: Qm, P sorption maximum; K, P sorption strength; P3, highest P rate in soil; P2, second highest P rate in soil; P1, lowest P rate in soil; P0, P adding in soil.


Summary Canada's population is expected to age more rapidly in the coming years and a major concern about old age is a decline in health,especially if this means a loss of self-sufficiency and independence. Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) intake is associated withlower risk of cardiac infarct and cognitive decline. However, we have outlined from our studies that omega-3 PUFA stays transiently longerin the blood of the elderly compared to young adults. We think that the alterations in the metabolism of omega-3 PUFA occurring duringaging could contribute significantly to alter physiological functions, especially in more vulnerable population to dietary deficiencies such asthe elderly. In turn, we speculate that these alterations could contribute to higher risk for diseases such as cardiovascular diseases andcognitive decline. Introduction Canada's population is expected to age more rapidly in the com-ing years. In every projection scenario, senior citizens wouldbecome more numerous than children somewhere around2015. A major concern about old age, both the individual andsociety, is a decline in health, especially if this means a loss ofself-sufficiency and independence. Increasing research for pro-moting healthy aging is currently ongoing but one of the majorhurdles is to define the biology of aging. Ageing in humansrefers to a multidimensional process of physical, psychological,and social changes. One potential physiological change occur-ring during aging is a modified metabolism in omega-3 polyun-saturated fatty acids (PUFA). These PUFA are mostly provided bydietary intake of fish and seafood products where the two mainomega-3 PUFA are eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA; 20:5 omega-3)and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA; 22:6 omega-3). Usually, higherfish or higher EPA and DHA intake normally correlates posi-tively with higher plasma EPA and DHA levels [1], but recent evi-dence suggest that the positive relationship between intake andplasma levels of EPA and DHA is less clear in the elderly [2].Hence,thisreviewfocusesonthecurrentevidencesthatsupporttheoccurrenceofalterationsinEPAandDHAmetabolismintheelderlycomparedwithyoungadults.


The paper analyzes methods of building the ideology of violence and precedents of using the works of modern youth subculture and mass culture as its vehicle with targeted consideration of the motivational-value model and psychological type of consumers (author and documentary films and video streams, music videos, computer shooter-games) as well as ways of effective counteraction to the specified process in the field of youth and cultural policy. Purpose. To describe the images and motives of violence in modern mass and youth culture in terms of their possible impact on behavioral patterns and destructiveness (among adolescents and youth). Methodology. Includes a typological analysis of the video content (video streams, music videos, auteur and documentary films, shooter-games), a typological analysis of the state of adolescents and youth with socialization issues from dysfunctional in terms of age and clinical psychology, an analysis of diagnostic, rehabilitative, supporting psychological-pedagogical methods of work from the perspective of forming socialization and anticipating growth of the level of aggression and destructiveness among young people. Results. The study identified typological methods and means of transmitting ideology of violence through artistic creation addressing relevant examples, as well as some of the most important methods for shaping destructive ideology in computer games and documentary video content. Practical implications. Results obtained may be used in the work of pedagogical, medical (psychological and psychiatric help) and law enforcement agencies, as well as cultural authorities.


A Century ago, about 92% of our ancestors were entrepreneurs. Now the number is between 12 and 22%. As we lost our entrepreneurial skills, a new paradigm emerged globally. The world has shifted from centralized authority, through downsizing, companies' splits etc, and the realization that being an employee is riskier than being an employer of labor fueled the incredible home-based business revolution in the 1990's. In recent years, entrepreneurship has achieved significance as a driver of economic growth and poverty alleviation in Nigeria. This paper focuses on various entities that promote capacity building and entrepreneurship development through vocational education among women in Nigeria, paying special attention to ways in which these entities can better coordinate their efforts by examining two case studies. Reviews of literature on vocational training, entrepreneurship empowerment, poverty eradication followed by a conceptual framework modeling efforts of the Nigerian government, the private sector, and the citizens' sector in promoting entrepreneurship empowerment is documented and appropriate research statistical tools were adopted to measure these efforts. The paper's conclusions emphasize that neither markets nor governments are enough to eradicate poverty, especially in the Nigerian context. Instead, a trisectoral approach recognizing the complementarities between the government, private, and citizens' sector may be the solution to successful capacity building among Nigerian Women


Peter Möller, T-2 About 100 elements exist in nature. Each element is defined by its proton number, but can exist as different isotopes depending on neutron number. Only a few different, stable isotopes of each element exist, but about 100 different isotopes of many elements can exist in environments such as stars. To understand and model processes in stars and in nuclear reactors we need to know nuclear properties such as masses and decay half-lives. Because of the instability of many of these isotopes, their properties have not been experimentally measured; instead we model them. Our previous "edition" of calculated masses and decay half-lives, giving these properties for about 9,000 nuclides, is from 1992 and has been extensively used (cited about 2,000 times) in many simulation areas. By use of improved computers and enhanced physics modeling we have now developed a new and better database of nuclear masses and decay half-lives, FRDM(2012).


Texture and color enhancement imaging (TXI) and red dichromatic imaging (RDI) modes are new image-enhancement options available on the EVIS X1 system (Olympus Corporation, Tokyo, Japan). TXI emphasizes slight differences in color tone and structural changes on the mucosal surface under normal light [1], whereas RDI may improve the visibility of deep blood vessels [2]. We previously reported the use of TXIand RDI-mode cholangioscopy (CHF-B290, Olympus Corporation) in cholangiocarcinoma [3]. Here, we describe this technique in a patient with IgG4-related sclerosing cholangitis (IgG4-SC) and autoimmune pancreatitis (AIP). An 87-year-old woman presented with elevated liver enzymes and diffuse pancreatic enlargement (▶Fig. 1, ▶Fig. 2). Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) revealed segmental stenosis of the distal bile duct, preventing passage of the cholangioscope. A biliary stent was placed. Histopathology revealed no malignant findings; high IgG and IgG4 levels led to the diagnosis of AIP + IgG4-SC. Due to the patient's age, stent replacement and stenosis reassessment were performed 2 months later without medication. The second ERCP showed slight improvement in stenosis, allowing passage of the cholangioscope. Cholangioscopy revealed partially dilated and slightly tortuous vessels without encasement or fusion [4] at the hilar bile duct. Dilated vessels were more clearly observed, and the fine surface structures of the thickened mucosa were more pronounced in TXI mode 1 than with whitelight imaging. In RDI mode 3, the color of the bile disappeared and the dilated vessels were more strongly accentuated than with TXI. The mucosal surface was smooth, and no tumor vessels were observed at the stenosis (▶Video 1). The addition of TXI and RDI to cholangioscopy may therefore aid the diagnosis of IgG4SC. A third ERCP 4 months later showed E-Videos


Abstract In this study, the effect of lime content (L %) on the plastic properties such as water-cement ratio (w/c), setting times, flowability, compressive, flexural and bond strengths of cement mortar were investigated. Based on the information in the literature the amount of lime varied between 0 to 45% (by weight of cement). The experimental results were compared with the data collected from different research studies and quantified using two different models. The plastic and hardened properties of the cement mortar modified with different percentage of lime were conducted according to the ASTM and BS standards. Based on the literature data the water to cement ratio (w/c) ranged between 0.3-0.74 percent, the w/c of 0.5 was selected in this study. The compressive and flexural strengths of cement mortar modified with lime up to 28 days of curing were ranged between 3 MPa to 65 MPa and 2 MPa to 12 MPa respectively. The compressive, flexural and bond strengths of the cement mortar decreased with increasing lime content. Vipulanandan correlation model was used to correlate the relationship between lime with consistency, setting times, flowability and compressive strength of cement mortar. Compressive and flexural strengths of cement mortar modified with lime were quantified very well as a function of w/c, lime content and curing time using nonlinear relationship.


This invention relates to a hydraulic damper (1) with adaptable compensation comprising a body (4) substantially cylindrical and closed at one end, a shank (2), a piston (3), integral with one end of said rod, slides along the inner surface of said body and separates the inside of said body into two chambers (12, 13), closure means (5) of said body allowing the cross shaft (2) towards the outside of body in a sealed manner, opening means selective between said two chambers located in the piston and a compensation chamber (7), connected to the compression chamber (12) formed between said piston and the bottom of the body, serves reserve of hydraulic elements to compensate for the difference in volume of said rod. According to the invention, said shock absorber further comprises a suitable compensating device (6) controlled from the pressure in the expansion chamber (13) formed between said piston and said closing means for using the same device compensation (6) regardless of the damper or damping law of said damper. The invention is particularly applicable in the field of motor vehicles.


The Tertiary deformation in east Oscar I1 Land, Spitsbergen, is compressional and thin-skinned. and includes thrusts with ramp-fiat geometry and associated fault-bend and fault-propagation folds. The thrust front in the Mediumfjellct-Lappdalen area consists of intensely deformed Paleozoic and Mesozoic rocks thrust on top of subhorizontal Mesozoic rocks to the east. The thrust front represents a complex frontal ramp duplex in which most of the eastward displacement is transferred from sole thrusts in the Permian and probably Carboniferous strata to roof thrusts in the Triassic sequence. The internal gcomctrics in the thrust front suggcst a complex kinematic development involving not only simple 'piggy-back'. in-sequence thrusting, but also overstep as well as out-of-sequence thrusting. The position of thc thrust front and across-strike variation in structural character in east Oscar I1 Land is interpreted to be controlled by lithological (facies) variations and/or prc-existing structures, at depth. possibly extensional faults associated with the Carboniferous graben system.


Fiber-reinforced plastic composite materials are increasingly used in many industrial applications, leading to an increase in the amount of waste that must be treated to avoid environmental problems. Currently, the scientific literature classifies existing recycling technologies into three macro-categories: mechanical, thermal, and chemical; however, none are identified as superior to the others. Therefore, scholars and companies struggle to understand where to focus their efforts. Patent analysis, by relying on quantitative data as a precursor to new technological developments, can contribute to fully grasping current applications of each recycling technology and provide insights about their future development perspectives. Based on these premises, this paper performs a patent technology roadmap to enhance knowledge about prior, current, and future use of the main recycling technologies. The results show that recycling macro-categories have different technology maturity levels and growth potentials. Specifically, mechanical recycling is the most mature, with the lowest growth potential, while thermal and chemical recycling are in their growth stage and present remarkable future opportunities. Moreover, the analysis depicts several perspectives for future development on recycling technologies applications within different industries and underline inter- and intra-category dependencies, thus providing valuable information for practitioners and both academic and non-academic backgrounds researchers interested in the topic.


Objective: To study the characteristics of protein phosphorylation of p65,IκBα and IκBe in lymphocytes of rats in the progress of aging and the the interventional effect of Epimedium flavonoids(EF).Method: We chose the lymphocytes derived from SD rat spleen.We divided the SD rats into five groups i.e.4 months(4 m),27 months(27 m),the 27 m EF teeated group(27 m+EF),and we also observed the whole interventional effect of PDTC(a NF-κB inhibitor) on old rat groups(27 m PDTC,27 m PDTC+EF) when IκBe,IκBα were detected.Through the western-blotting analyses,we studied the entire characteristics and distinctions of phosphorylation expression in molecules related to NF-κB signal transduction pathway p65, IκBe and IκBα in lymphocytes across the age spectrum of rats in aging.We also observed the whole interventional effect of EF on lymphocytes of old rats. Result: With the increasing of age,the mean level of phosphorylation expressions of p65,IκBα and IκBe in rat spleen lymphocytes decreased obviously,When inhibited NF-κB by PDTC,there was decreased evidently,while PDTC+EF can active NF-κB family and the above molecules were increased to a certain extent.Conclusion: The phosphorylation expressions of p65,IκBα and IκBe in rat spleen lymphocytes were not enouphe,EF have a strong effect to upregulated the expression of them during aging.


Objective Discussion about clinical features of acute myocardial infarction(AMI) from the elderly. Methods We collected clinical data from patients of AMI during 15th Jan in 2005 and 12th Nov in 2006. Those patients were divided into two groups as the elderly(elder than 59 years old) and not the elderly (younger than 60 years old) to compare the difference from several aspect including sex. Results There has similar incidence of AMI in the group of the elderly,but hasn't in the not elderly,male has visibly higher incidence than female.It has statistical significance(P0.05).In the elderly group,48(30.2%) patients felt chest pain,but 111(69.8%) patients didn't when AMI came on,and in the not elderly group,87(71.9%) patients felt,but 34 (28.1%) patients didn't.There has statistical significance between them(P0.05).Two groups have similar(P0.05) myocardial infarction place that mostly happened in abroad frontal wall and inferior wall.20 patients in the elderly group and 60 patients in the not elderly group received percutaneous coronary intervention(PCI) treatment. Conclusion The elderly have similar Incidence of AMI between male and female,have no typical symptom,have no accurate clinical statement,and have several kinds of complication. All of them could lead misdiagnosis easily,delay early thrombosis is,and emergency PTCA.


The theory of active observers was initially described by Cortesao et al. (2000). This paper introduces properties of the Kalman gains used in the active observer (AOB) design. An important result of the state-space design is demonstrated, which allows stiffness adaptation without changing the control structure. Experiments with a human-robot skill transfer system to perform the peg-in-hole compliant motion task are described, showing the importance of the AOB.


In the following pages we explain that the New Atlantis of Bacon presents the social program of modern science and is not a work of a purely literary or fictional nature. We believe that this work by Bacon is a knowledge-mastery program of nature that shows the social and practical direction of science in the new routes of knowledge.


Fluctuating sales of a product, especially transportation products such as motorbikes, can be caused by low consumer purchasing decisions for these products. Many things can be indicative of the low level of consumer purchasing decisions on motorcycle products including Yamaha matic motorbike products on CV. Regina Motor Sumedang, one of which is because the brand from Yamaha itself is less embedded and remembers the minds of consumers, especially the image or brand image of this Yamaha product, so that sales are unstable or fluctuating. So the purpose of this study is to examine whether there is an effect of brand image on Yamaha matic motorbike purchasing decisions on CV. Regina Motor Sumedang. The research data was collected from 97 respondents who used Yamaha motorbikes. Respondents were obtained by using nonprobability sampling techniques with sampling techniques, namely incidental sampling. The statement is given using a questionnaire. Respondents' responses to the items in the questionnaire were then analyzed quantitatively. Quantitative analysis carried out includes validity test, reliability test, normality test, linearity test, simple regression analysis, product moment correlation analysis, coefficient of determination and hypothesis testing. The results of this study indicate that the brand image variable has a positive effect on Yamaha motorbike purchasing decisions on CV. Regina Motor Sumedang with rcount of 0.217> rtable of 0.200, but this effect is relatively low with a large percentage of influence of 4.7% which if rounded up to be 5%. In addition, according to the hypothesis test, the brand image variable influences purchasing decisions with tcount> ttable or 2.164> 1.988, which means that H1 is accepted and the hypothesis of this study is accepted, namely "There is an influence between Brand Image of Yamaha Matic Motorbike Purchase Decision on CV. Regina Motor Sumedang ".


In this paper,the present situation of food packing material and new environmental material are summarized including development direction of food packing domain.The environmental package which possess the functions of keeping freshness,unsealing easyly and less pollution is the trend in the future.


SummaryA number of experiments were performed to obtain somatic embryos and embryogenie cell lines from several species and cultivars of citrus by in vitro ovule culture. The source of ovules (pre-anthesis and post-anthesis), incubation conditions (light and darkness) and several modifications of the culture medium were evaluated. All the species and cultivars assayed produced somatic embryos and "pseudobulbi", but production of friable embryogenie callus was species dependent. The small proliferation of callus and globular bodies recovered from the primary cultures were suitable for recovering embryogenie callus lines by periodical subculturing into fresh medium. After several monthly subcultures discarding embryos and "pseudobulbi", cell lines virtually devoid of organized structures were obtained from three cultivars of sweet orange, sour orange and Cleopatra mandarin. In all these species, embryogenesis was restored spontaneously and/or by substitution of sucrose by maltose or lactose in the culture m...


Submitted for the MAR13 Meeting of The American Physical Society Thermophoretic Regulation of Molecular Flux through a Nanopore1 MAXIM BELKIN, ALEKSEI AKSIMENTIEV, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign — Transport of ions, nucleic acids and other molecular species through pores in thin membranes is a process of fundamental importance to the biological function of a cell and practical applications in the field of molecular separation, filtering, and, recently, DNA sequencing. Various approaches to control the transport have been examined, including the effects of the geometry, charge and chemical functionalization of the nanopore surface. Thermophoresis in liquids, i.e. movement of molecules along a temperature gradient, was discovered more than a century ago and has already been employed in various applications, typically involving macroscopic systems. In this work, we explore the use of thermal gradients for regulation of nanoscale fluxes. Specifically, we use all-atom molecular dynamics simulations to examine the effect of thermal gradients on transport of ions, small organic solutes and long DNA molecules through solid-state nanopores. In our typical simulation, multiple thermostats are applied to different parts of the same simulation system, allowing steady-state temperature gradients to be established and the effective forces associated with the thermal gradients to be determined. The results of our simulations suggest that nanopore fluxes of molecular species can be regulated by means of thermal gradients. We expect our results to find applications in molecular separation and filtering technologies, nanofluidic electronics and nanopore sequencing of DNA. 1This work was supported through NSF DMR-0955959 Aleksei Aksimentiev University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Date submitted: 09 Nov 2012 Electronic form version 1.4


Abstract In this paper, we demonstrate that, like frequency, morphosyntactic persistence can have a conserving effect on language change. To substantiate this claim, we analyze the alternation between the Spanish past subjunctive forms ending in –ra and –se (as in comiera and comiese 'had eaten'). Due to the ongoing replacement of –se by –ra, persistence and frequency are the best predictors of the alternation in our data. First, the persistence effect of a prior –se is significantly greater than the persistence effect of a prior –ra. Second, although –se is basically restricted to third person singular morphology in contexts without persistence, when primed by –se this restriction is drastically reduced. Our results also shed light on the relationship between frequency and persistence in language change. Although both result in conservation, the conserving effect of frequency causes irregularity such as the paradigmatic atrophy of Spanish –se forms. In contrast, persistence can temporarily re-establish paradigmatic regularity and consequently strengthen the cognitive representation of obsolescing constructions. However, this resuscitating effect of persistence appears to be restricted to low-frequency –se forms; because they are generally more entrenched, the activation of high-frequency –se forms relies less on persistence effects.


Infidelity violates a western norm that a range of interpersonal behaviours should remain exclusive in committed romantic relationships. Once exposed, the aftermath can be detrimental to all concerned. However, despite a cultural majority endorsing this belief and apprised of the potential consequences of its violations, infidelity or extradyadic relationships are widespread. Furthermore, individual differences in beliefs about what constitutes infidelity blur the boundaries of acceptable behaviour, making the concept of unfaithfulness difficult to fully describe. This variation in attitudes and behaviour, along with the consistent media attention infidelity attracts affirms the enigmatic nature of the behaviour. In response, an aim of the study was to clarify the construct of infidelity among a contemporary Australian sample. This was achieved in two ways. Firstly, the study examined beliefs and behaviours associated with unfaithfulness using qualitative (focus group) and largely quantitative (survey) data. Secondly, the study involved investigation of the association between infidelity and several individual, relationship and environmental variables. Differences in relationships and environmental conditions can be conceptualised within the theoretical framework of the investment model, while adult attachment theory and a lovestyles typology offer theoretical underpinnings to the study of individual differences. Specifically, the aim of this stage of the study was to examine how adult attachment styles (anxious, avoidant), lovestyles (eros, ludus, storge, mania, pragma, agape), relationship variables (satisfaction, investment, commitment), and an environmental variable (perceived alternatives) predicted infidelity. The sample comprised 243 women and 69 men between the ages of 18 and 60 years (M = 31.3 years, SD = 11.9) who were currently in a romantic relationship of at least one year or who had recently been in such a relationship. Participants completed measures pertaining to attachment, lovestyles and various aspects of relationship quality in addition to several measures of extradyadic behaviour. The study found that infidelity, as defined by respondents, was engaged in by 20% of individuals in their current relationships and by 42% of individuals in their previous relationships. Regarding the nature of infidelity, the current findings indicated that various sexual and emotional behaviours carried out with someone other than one's primary partner were considered unfaithful by the vast majority, while fantasy and flirting behaviours were generally seen as acceptable. It was noteworthy, however, that a substantial minority


Personal informatics refers to a class of software and hardware systems that help individuals collect personal information to improve self-understanding. Improving self-understanding can foster self-insight and promote positive behaviors: healthy living, energy conservation, etc. The development of personal informatics applications poses new challenges for human-computer interaction and creates opportunities for applications in various domains related to quality of life, such as fitness, nutrition, wellness, mental health, and sustainability. This workshop will continue the conversations from the CHI 2010 and CHI 2011 workshops on personal informatics [6][7]. The focal themes for this workshop are: (1) practical lessons from previous research and development experiences that can guide interface design for systems that allow users to collect and reflect on personal data; (2) requirements for building robust personal informatics applications; and (3) design and development of infrastructures that make personal informatics applications easier to create and evaluate.


This study aims to track the essential orientation and conceptual change of 'Heunghak' through related articles contained in the journal of the Deahan Empire period and examine in detail the modern discourse system reflected in the changed concept of 'Heunghak'.
When looking at the journals of the Deahan Empire period, Heunghak was emphasized as the basis for the Deahan Empire's revival of 'production' and entry into the 'rich country'. This originated from the equation 'Heunghak' = 'Modern education of Western powers'. Therefore, at this point, it can be seen that the term 'heunghak' was focused on promoting modern education. On the other hand, such academic promotion and modern education are focused on 'practical use' in the premise of 'rich country' and 'self-reliance' as specific practical virtues. In this situation, 'science' is linked to practical use, but in this process, a logical leap is found in which the concept of essential 'science' is omitted and only practical use is emphasized.
The problem is that the educational system of the Deahan Empire at that time could not sufficiently support the activities of Heunghak. In a situation where phased and universal development through modern education is impossible, the concept of Heunghak gradually decreased to practical use. If so, can the modern state that Heunghak dreamed of at this time be achieved only by practical use? Unlike the ideal that Heunghak hoped for, Heunghak, which has been decreased to practical use, cannot reach the enlightenment of the people and prosperity through technological development. In the end, the appearance of the modern state, which intellectuals urgently dreamed of during the Deahan Empire, remains only an ideal that cannot be reached with limited heunghak.


A varactor based frequency tripler with suppressed first, second and fourth harmonics of the input signal is presented. Harmonic balance simulations show that the designed tripler delivers an output power of 13.6dBm for an input power of 26dBm at 42 GHz while the first and second harmonics are suppressed by more than 50 dB and the fourth harmonic by 17.5 dB with respect to the output signal at 42 GHz. A 75 pm quartz substrate and GaAs Schottkyvaractor diodes from Rutherford Appleton Laboratory have been used for the circuit design. A metal enclosure has been considered around the microstrip line circuit and the output signal is coupled to a rectangular waveguide using an E-plane probe transition from microstrip line.


Combined with the real construction of Qitaihe coal industry bureau website,the overall planning,system environment,system development,system maintenance and system management of design website were proposed in this paper, and some problems during designing are put forward.It showed in practice that the design website achieved a good result.Which takes reference to the related project.