The abstract and misunderstanding has been a great handicap in the Circuit Theory teaching process,in particular,the part of Dynamic Circuit Response analysis.In this paper,the introduction of Multisim10 will be provided with teaching practice of the first-order,second-order Dynamic Circuit.The significant meaning of such practice lies in deepening students' comprehension,enhancing their practice skill,raising the student general analysis ability and innovation ability.


This paper introduces the principle, operation and topology family of the novel T-type Modular Dc Circuit Breaker (T-Breaker) system for future dc networks. The T-Breaker system has a modular structure, locally integrated energy storage, high tolerance to control signal mismatch during the fast network transients, and capability to assist power flow control, power quality improvement and stability enhancement. This is a paradigm shift from traditional solid-state circuit breakers (SSCBs) as the proposed T-Type Breaker not only protects against faults, but also can eventually function as an energy router with unparalleled ancillary functions for dc grids.


We report the discovery of a new double-image quasar resulting from our search for gravitational lenses in the southern sky. Radio source PMN J2004–1349 is composed of two flat-spectrum components of approximately equal brightness separated by 1. 13 in VLA, MERLIN and VLBA images. The I-band optical counterpart is also double, with roughly the same separation, position angle, and flux ratio as the radio double. Upon subtraction of the quasars from the I-band image, we identify a dim pattern of residuals as the lens galaxy. While the present observations are sufficient to establish that PMN J2004–1349 is a gravitational lens, additional information (such as the redshifts of the quasar and lens galaxy) will be needed before many interesting astrophysical quantities (such as the mass of the galaxy, or the predicted time delay between lensed images) can be inferred. Subject headings: gravitational lensing, quasars: individual (PMN J2004–1349), cosmology: distance scale


The origin and observability were studied of diffuse gamma ray line emission from the galaxy. It was found that such lines could be formed by nuclear excitation interactions of low energy cosmic rays with both interstellar gas and dust grains. The gamma ray emission lines from deexcitation of grain nuclei are sharp with Doppler widths of the order of 10 kev or less; the lines from gas nuclei are also relatively sharp with widths of the order of 100 kev for the most intense line; and the lines from cosmic ray nuclei are broad with widths of the order of several hundred kev. A detailed evaluation is presented of the production rate of the 4.44 Mev line for a variety of assumed cosmic ray spectra. Results are compared with reported galactic gamma ray line intensities and it is concluded that the measurements are consistent with a low energy cosmic ray density which increases toward the galactic center in proportion to the molecular gas density.


Research studies, including qualitative studies, form the basis for evidence-based practice among health professionals. However, many practicing health educators do not feel fully confident in their ability to critically appraise qualitative research studies. This publication presents an overview of qualitative research approaches, defines key terminology used in qualitative research, and provides guidelines for appraising the strengths and weaknesses of published qualitative research. On reading, health educators will be better equipped to evaluate the quality of the evidence through critical appraisals of qualitative research publications.


In support of the U.S. Space Exploration Policy, focused cryogenic fluid management technology efforts are underway within the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. Under the auspices of the Exploration Technology Development Program, cryogenic fluid management technology efforts are being conducted by the Cryogenic Fluid Management Project. Cryogenic Fluid Management Project objectives are to develop storage, transfer, and handling technologies for cryogens to support high performance demands of lunar, and ultimately, Mars missions in the application areas of propulsion, surface systems, and earth- based ground operations. The targeted use of cryogens and cryogenic technologies for these application areas is anticipated to significantly reduce propellant launch mass and required on-orbit margins, to reduce and even eliminate storage tank boil-off losses for long term missions, to economize ground pad storage and transfer operations, and to expand operational and architectural operations at destination. This paper organizes Cryogenic Fluid Management Project technology efforts according to Exploration Architecture target areas, and discusses the scope of trade studies, analytical modeling, and test efforts presently underway, as well as future plans, to address those target areas. The target areas are: liquid methane/ liquid oxygen for propelling the Altair Lander Ascent Stage, liquid hydrogen/ liquid oxygen for propelling the Altair Lander Descent Stage and Ares V Earth Departure Stage, liquefaction, zero boil-off, and propellant scavenging for Lunar Surface Systems, cold helium and zero boil-off technologies for Earth-Based Ground Operations, and architecture definition studies for long term storage and on-orbit transfer and pressurization of LH2, cryogenic Mars landing and ascent vehicles, and cryogenic production via in situ resource utilization on Mars.


WALKING It is undoubtedly a terrifying experience for the average patient to commence walking on a recently broken leg, and, as in all unpleasant physical ordeals, firmness on the part of his mentor is the quickest way to banish the fears of a nervous individual. Vhile fully realizing that we bear another's pain with more fortitude than we bear our own, experience in ambulatory treatment in fracture work convinces me that the pain in early walking is by no meansunbearable. All of us have an instinctive fear of leaning upon a visibly broken prop, in spite of reason telling us that the prop itself is adequately supported. It is just the proportion of calm reason to instinctive panic in any one individual that determines his response to early ambulatory treatment. Although the splint described here may seem rather brutal, a little reflection shows that any splint which separates the bone fragments, and keeps them apart, removes the one source of pain in a fractured limb -namely, repeated slight trauma to the sensitive periosteum at the line of fracture, produced by muscle spasm or misguided handling of the limb. It is generally agreed that skeletal traction is both efficient and painless for this very reason, and as the transfixion pin, with attached weight bearing on the bone, causes no pain in recumbency, it is illogical to suppose that the same principle applied in the upright posture can differ markedly in its sensory effects. I found no difference in this respect from cases treated in the " Delbet " plaster splint.


Myolaimus byersi n. sp., a phoretic associate of the crane fly, Limonia (Rhipidia) schwarzi (Diptera: Limoniidae), was recovered from moist and decaying tissue from the crown shaft of a living spindle palm, Hyophorbe verschaffeltii, in southern Florida and is described herein. Dauers were carried in the abdominal folds of male and female L. schwarzi. Examination of the highly mobile crane fly larvae and pupae confirmed that the dauers were externally associated with the cuticle. Dauers from crane flies were culturable to adults on 1/20 strength TSB agar. The association appears to be relatively host specific. SEM studies, early embryonic development, dauers, molecular data and TEM ultrastructural comparisons of the stoma, sensory structures and sperm are used to discuss the relative placement of Myolaimus within the Nematoda. The stoma resembles diplogastrids in being strongly anisomorphic with an enlarged dorsal sector of the stegostom, yet also resembles rhabditids in having three triangular flaps in the metastegostom and matches cephalobs and panagrolaims in having a pharyngeal collar with two sets of three interradial muscles followed by two sets of six adradial muscles. The ultrastructure of the cheilostom epidermis shows a high degree of conservation with several Rhabditida. The sperm of M. byersi n. sp. is nearly identical to that of Caenorhabditis elegans. In early cell division, M. byersi n. sp. is closest to Parascaris equorum followed by C. elegans. Myolaimus apparently represents a divergent lineage that has followed a non-coalescing trajectory for a long time, allowing it to retain some highly conserved characters while also developing some surprisingly unique features, such as a baggy cuticle and males that lack a gubernaculum or spicules.


Abstract This paper presents some preliminary results on robust stability analysis of positive systems. A general analysis framework with Integral Quadratic Constraints (IQC) is refined for nonnegative uncertain systems. Based on this framework, a new approach for robust control design is proposed. The new framework not only enables a stability analysis of a positive systems, but also suggests new robust control design strategy for systems which has nothing to do with the positive systems at first glance. An example is shown in which such a control design method provides a sharper result than the control design using existing IQC techniques.


The recent controversy surrounding the Brooklyn Museum of Art's Sensation! Show has further inflated the already burgeoning media profiles of British artists like Damien Hirst, Chris Ofili, Sarah Lucas, Jake and Dino Chapman, Rachel Whiteread and Tracey Emin. British art has reinvented itself and successfully courted wider attention than it has ever received before. On the face of it, much of their art has looked like simple bad behaviour - using chopped-up animals, pornography and sexually explicit mannequins as its material, or building up the features of a child murderer using tiny hand-prints. Yet their art has been both accessible and sophisticated, appealing to the mass media and to the elite art world alike. But has it done so at the price of dumbing art down, reducing it to the level of any other consumer enterprise, and losing what is distinctive about art? Other than as publicity-fodder how seriously does it take the new audience that is so effectively courted? In this accessible book, Julian Stallabrass has written a sustained analysis of the British art scene, exploring the reasons for its popularity, the altered structure of the art world, and examining in detail the work of the leading figures. He also explores the reasons for art criticism's so far limited purchase on this art. Previous books about this subject have been either collections of essays or fan books, which try to aid acolytes hoping to navigate the art world. High Art Lite is the first sustained analysis of British art in the 1990s, and Stallabrass shows that, whatever we might think of the art itself, it raises fascinating questions about the relation of art to mass culture, the role of art in consumer society, the character of a national art, and the end of postmodernism.


In order to investigate the design method of single tapping screw connections between steel plate and non-steel plate and the applicability of calculating the shear capacity of single tapping screw connections with sheet steel under 2mm according to Chinese code Technical code for design of cold-formed thin-wall steel structures(GB50018-2002),theoretical analysis was carried out on single tapping screw connections, which were distinguished by connection forms called steel plate-steel plate connections and steel plate-non-steel plate connections. The results show that: Chinese code GB50018-2002 is suited to calculate the shear capacity of single tapping screw connections with sheet steel under 2mm and the results are safe compared with test results. The design method of single tapping screw connections between steel plate and non-steel plate is given on the basis of test results.


In recent researches relating to robotic fingers, a novel power transmission mechanism had been designed, and developed as Twist-drive Actuators or Twisted String Actuator systems (TSA). These actuation structures, state of the art, include compact designs, light-weight mechanical structures, inherent compliance, and variable gearing, resulting in the fabrication of anthropomorphic robotic hands. However, those studies mentioned position control of the joint, and focused on the control performance of the pulling forces of a twisted string. This paper, therefore, introduces a novel joint mechanism composed of an Antagonistically-twisted Round-belt Actuator (ARA), which is able to make rotating motion by means of contraction forces induced by twisting small-diameter elastic round-belts. A noteworthy point in this paper is that the ARA robot is extremely well-suited for contact force control, which is exerted on the tip of the single joint robot. First, we demonstrate the existence of hysteresis characteristics of static contraction forces induced by the round-belt twisting, in which three belts are simultaneously twisted at constant low-speed. In addition, there exists a stress relaxation phenomenon when strongly twisting the elastic round-belts. We reveal that such sorts of discontinuous and nonlinear properties do not influence control performance in either the contraction force on the belts or contact force on the tip of the robot. Finally, this paper clearly shows stable and accurate tracking performance of the contact force of the ARA robot. In these experiments, we newly develop a twin/triple-twisted round-belt structure for the agonist side actuator, thus enhancing the contact forces effectively.


The research investigates teachers' beliefs about teaching, classroom management and school climate, in relation with beliefs about students' learning, motivation and moral and social behaviour. In order to survey teachers' beliefs on the areas mentioned above, four instruments were developed: the Classroom Educational Management Beliefs Inventory (CEMBI), that measures the beliefs on classroom management; the Learning and Motivation Beliefs Inventory (LeMBI), that assesses the beliefs on students' motivation and learning; the Classroom Moral Behaviour Inventory (CMBI), that pertains to beliefs on students' moral behaviour; and the School Climate Inventory – lower Secondary School (SCI-lss), that concerns beliefs on school climate. The research involved 157 teachers from 8 lower secondary schools covering all the different school subjects.
Many factorial structures emerged from the four instruments analyses. To understand in depth the factorial structure of questionnaires, a confirmatory factor analysis was conducted; moreover, to analyse the relationships among the obtained models, the method Structural Equations Models (SEM) was applied. The results suggest causal relationships between teachers' beliefs on school climate and beliefs on classroom management strategies, school learning motivation and moral and social behaviour of students. Moreover, the results show an influence of classroom management beliefs on motivational beliefs. The implications with regard to issues related to teacher education are discussed.


Murabaha financing is one of the financing programs for the community. The existence of murabaha financing provides financial support for people in need. The purpose of this research is to study the financial system related to the financial management of the Murabahah contract financing products offered by BPRS Syarikat Madani, Batam City. This research is a type of qualitative research or also known as case study research. Data collection tool is done through observation, interviews and documentation. The data analysis technique used is a qualitative data analysis technique. The results of the study show that the Syarikat Madani Islamic People's Financing Bank (BPRS) in Batam City uses a Murabahah contract as one of its main financing products. The management of Murabahah contract financing products is carried out in accordance with sharia principles. The Bank provides clear information to customers regarding the selling price, markup, tenor and terms of financing using the principles of transparency, fairness and sustainability.


Effective proof of delivery(POD)management can help improve enterprise operation efficiency and speed up capital turnover. Currently,slow and/or incomplete collection of POD are a pressing issue for a lot of enterprises.In view of such,the paper designs the quick-response code based e-receipt process for the smart phone platform,an improvement on the existing 2D barcode technology,and conducts its cost analysis and risk evaluation.


Monitoring the quality of complicated and dynamic curriculums like those found in most health science schools is a timeconsuming and arduous task. It would be helpful to have a mechanism to monitor various aspects of the curriculum. This article describes a procedure derivedfrom classical test theory for analyzing course grades and reports the results of its use to assess third year clerkships at a large Midwestern medical school. Comparisons of the results from these three classes of students with those obtained by a thorough review of the third-year courses by the medical curriculum committee, found the experimentalprocedure to be sensitive to a large range of characteristics and changes in the courses. It was concluded that, with proper care exercised, the procedure showedpromise as asupplement to student course evaluations as a means of identifying courses in need of assistance and/or evaluating the effects of curriculum change.


Objectives : A well performed vesico-urethral anastomosis (VUA) allows an early catheter removal and cystography is mandatory to exclude urinary extravasation. Aim of the study is to investigate whether transrectal ultrasonography (TRUS) is as reliable as cystography in detecting anastomotic leakage after radical retropubic prostatectomy (RRP) in order to avoid the use of X-rays. Methods : 50 patients (pts) underwent RRP. VUA integrity was assessed 7 days after surgery by cystography and subsequently by TRUS to assess the patency of VUA. Patients who showed extravasation at the cystogram underwent ultrasonography in order to evaluate the leakage shown with cystography. Results : Catheter was removed after 7 days in all patiens except 2 pts (4%) showed extravasation at the cystography that was exactly detected at the TRUS investigation, therefore the catheter was maintained for another week. TRUS investigation, performed after cystography, also revealed the presence of a lymphocele and a retropubic hematoma, in two different patients, both completely asymptomatic and misdiagnosed at the cystography. Conclusions: Urinary leakage in the first days after RRP can be frequent and cystography is mandatory to assess VUA integrity, when early catheter removal is planned. TRUS as an alternative investigation technique to cystography, showed a high sensitivity and specificity in detecting extravasation and was also able to diagnose complications related to RRP that cystography didn't show.


Discoloration of teeth, especially the anteriors, can result in considerably cosmetic impairment in person. Treatment options for discolored non-vital teeth are bleaching, crowns or veneers. However, this restorative crown or veneer approach has a significant drawback of being an invasive technique. This paper reports the inside/outside bleaching technique, and proposes it as an efficient and acceptable method for use in patients with an unaesthetic non- vital tooth.


Abstract Patients with neuromuscular disease risk developing chest infections due to the inability to cough effectively and to maintain adequate lung volume. This systematic review aimed to evaluate the comparative effectiveness of techniques used in the respiratory management of these patients. Articles evaluating peak cough flow measurements and maintenance of lung volumes only were selected to retain a specific focus for comparison. A database search was performed using the Cochrane controlled register, AMED, Cinahl, Medline and PEDro. Various techniques improved cough efficacy in neuromuscular disease by increasing peak cough flow values and maintaining lung volume. Mechanical insufflation–exsufflation is a technique used to augment cough strength, producing the greatest increase in peak cough flow compared with other techniques. These findings highlight the treatment options for the patient with neuromuscular disease in order to maintain respiratory muscle length, prevent infection and augment peak cough flow.


I acted as Coordinator of the Courses of T.I. in a Private University that was implanting the Inverted Class model based on the AVA system Virtual Learning Environment. As I was familiar with this new method, I was invited to give in-house training to teachers who were having difficulty in appropriating the principles and techniques of the model. Participating in this training gave me the opportunity to get to know my work colleagues better and to get closer to their professional experiences and reflect on their difficulties with the inverted classroom model. The present work arises in this context and aims to develop a blog that allows debates and reflections on the methodology of the inverted class based on the authors, Pierre Lévy, Bergmann and Sams. For the development of the blog, it was necessary to retake the discussion about the Inverted Class Model, to hold focal groups with teachers that use this model and to analyze the narratives produced, based on the authors, Furlanetto, Schutze and Morgan. The teachers' narratives point to some issues that merit deepening: the difficulties in using the AVA System, especially with regard to practical classes, not involving students who need to be trained in this new methodology, the lack of a work structure for teachers who do not have time to prepare their classes and the teacher's need to review their way of working, which demands study and research. The blog seeks, in addition to providing technical information, create space for these and other issues that may arise, are debated.


Fought in June 197 bce, the Battle of Kynoskephalai was the decisive military encounter of the Second Macedonian War.

Keywords:

ancient Greece;
Greek history;
war


It has recently been calculated that there are still in the region of 6400 children in care in England and Wales who, according to their social workers, could be placed in permanent foster or adoptive homes (Hapgood, 1984). Most of them are older children and this course of action may not be at all straightforward. However, there should be no doubt that where permanent substitute families can be found, these placements have a high probability of positive outcome. Several follow-up studies have produced evidence to confirm that the older child, even when manifesting considerable behavioural and emotional problems associated with earlier abuse, neglect or frequent changes of environment, can be successfully placed in permanent substitute families. This capacity for recovery has been shown to operate even in children who have suffered extreme deprivation in early childhood (Skuse, 1984). Such children when rescued from appalling circumstances made remarkable and rapid gains in intellectual functioning although there were some persisting social adjustment problems. This issue of developmental recovery following adversity in childhood is the subject of a research project currently in progress. With advice on the design and supervision of the study from David Quinton of the Department of Child Psychiatry at the Institute of Psychiatry, we have been investigating a series of late placements. Late


A UV/IR dual-wavelength photodetector based on a ZnO/PMMA/PbSe nanocomposite [PMMA = poly(methyl methacrylate)] for simultaneous detection of 365 nm UV and 4 μm IR radiation is presented. For UV detection spherical nanoparticles of boron-doped ZnO were synthesized and stabilized using hexamethylenetetramine. The absorption intensity in the UV-vis range is increased upon B doping and discrete Fourier transform calculations confirm the results. Responsivity of the fabricated UV detector is <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX"> ${\text{7.8}}\,{\text{AW}}^{- 1}$</tex-math></inline-formula> and the detector gain is 26.49 at a 365 nm input wavelength. For the synthesis of IR detecting PbSe a new method was worked out, including the stabilization of the particles with thioacetamide. The performance of the PbSe based IR detector turns out to be superior to previously reported PbSe based detectors synthesized by established methods. The responsivity and gain of the detector is <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">${\text{8 AW}}^{- 1}$</tex-math></inline-formula> and 3.31, respectively for 4 μm incident wavelength. The sensitivity is 30 for IR detection and overall this sensitivity is excellent for sensing in the mid-IR range. All three "chemical factors," the B-doping, the synthesis conditions for nanoparticles, and the surface modification have contributed to the excellent optoelectronic performance of these new photodetector devices, while the polymethyl methacrylate layer turned out to be very effectively reducing the noise for IR detection.


━━ Background. Epidermal growth factor receptor-tyrosine kinase inhibitors (EGFR-TKIs) are key drugs for patients with EGFR mutations. However, the therapeutic management of EGFR-TKI-induced eruptions is sometimes challenging. Case 1. A 47-year-old man was diagnosed with advanced lung adenocarcinoma (cT4N3M1b, stage IV) harboring an exon 19 deletion of EGFR. Erlotinib was administered as a second-line chemotherapy, and the patient was subsequently started on therapy with topical adapalene (0.1%) gel applied nightly for acneiform eruptions on the chest that persisted after the completion of treatment with topical steroids. One month later, the eruptions had moderately reduced. Case 2. A 70-year-old man with advanced lung adenocarcinoma (cT1aN1M1b, stage IV) harboring an L858R point mutation of EGFR was treated with gefitinib as a secondline chemotherapy. Eruptions resistant to topical steroids appeared on his back and legs and were remarkably improved with the application of topical adapalene (0.1%) 17 days later. Conclusions. Adapalene may alleviate EGFRTKI-induced acneiform eruptions resistant to topical steroids. Investigations are needed to determine the optimal use of adapalene. (JJLC. 2014;54:978-982) KEY WORDS━━Adapalene, Epidermal growth factor receptor-tyrosine kinase inhibitor (EGFR-TKI), Acneiform eruption, Lung cancer Reprints: Motoko Tachihara, Division of Respiratory Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, 7-5-1 Kusunokicho, Chuo-ku, Kobe-shi, Hyogo 650-0017, Japan (e-mail: email@example.com). Received August 8, 2014; accepted November 25, 2014. 要旨━━背景.上皮成長因子受容体チロシンキナーゼ 阻害薬(EGFR-TKI)は,EGFR遺伝子変異陽性肺癌に対 する key drug であるが,高率に皮疹を生じ,そのマネー ジメントに苦慮する場合がある.症例.症例 1.47 歳, 男性.肺腺癌(cT4N3M1b, stage IV, EGFR exon 19 deletion 陽性)に対し,二次治療としてエルロチニブを開始し た.前胸部のざ瘡様皮疹に対し,ステロイド外用剤を使 用したが増悪したため,アダパレン(0.1%)の塗布を開 始した.1か月後には皮疹の改善がみられた.症例 2.70 歳,男性.肺腺癌(cT1aN1M1b, stage IV, EGFR L858R 陽性)に対し,二次治療でゲフィチニブを開始した.背 部にざ瘡様皮疹が出現し,ステロイド外用剤で一度改善 したがその後増悪したため,アダパレン(0.1%)を塗布 した.塗布 17 日目には皮疹の著明な改善を認めた.結 論.ステロイド外用剤で改善しないEGFR-TKI による 皮疹に対し,アダパレンが有用である可能性が示唆され た.アダパレンの適応と投与法について今後検討が必要 である. 索引用語━━アダパレン,EGFRチロシンキナーゼ阻害 薬(EGFR-TKI),ざ瘡様皮疹,肺癌 1神戸大学大学院医学研究科内科学講座呼吸器内科分野. 別刷請求先:立原素子,神戸大学大学院医学研究科内科学講座 呼吸器内科分野,〒650-0017 兵庫県神戸市中央区楠町 7丁目 5 番 1号(e-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com). 受付日:2014 年 8 月 8 日,採択日:2014 年 11 月 25 日. (肺癌.2014;54:978-982) 2014 The Japan Lung Cancer Society Successful Treatment with Adapalene for EGFR-TKI-induced Eruptions―Tachihara et al Japanese Journal of Lung Cancer―Vol 54, No 7, Dec 20, 2014―www.haigan.gr.jp 979 Figure 1. Clinical course in case 1. はじめに 上皮成長因子受容体チロシンキナーゼ阻害薬(epidermal growth factor receptor-tyrosine kinase inhibitor, EGFR-TKI)は,EGFR遺伝子変異陽性肺癌の key drug である.しかし,EGFR-TKI は 60~80%に皮膚障害をひ きおこし,患者のQOLを低下させるだけでなく,投薬の 減量・中止の原因となることもある.アダパレンは 2008 年に国内承認された尋常性ざ瘡の治療薬であるが, EGFR阻害薬によるざ瘡様皮膚に対してもその有効性が 期待される.今回,ステロイド外用剤で改善しない EGFR-TKI によるざ瘡様皮疹に対し,アダパレンが有用


From the Publisher:
Targeted at the beginning and intermediate user of the Office suite of applications, this updated book includes additional applications such as FrontPage, Publisher, PhotoDraw, and Explorer 5.0. The CD-ROM contains the book in electronic format and all of the keystroke exercises.


A teaching practicum module is normally the learning activity that obligates student–teachers to be sent to different schools and localities, to experience teaching, or be trained in the real-world environment. Because of geographical boundaries, often times peer-to-peer and student–instructor communications are complicated and hard to manage. This has been a perennial problem for all teacher training schools, be it in local teacher training colleges or teacher education programs at the universities in Malaysia. One solution employed by the teacher education programme at Universiti Malaysia Sarawak (UNIMAS) is by using a Web-based learning environment. Student–teachers are now able to meet and discuss issues and challenges that they faced, thus overcoming geographical limits. As they are able to act and solve problems at Internet speed, many thrive on ideas and suggestions provided by the online community. This paper reports the numerous advantages obtained by the employment of a Web-based learning environment as a tool in overcoming communication problems faced in the traditional setting of a practical teaching programme. An unexpected outcome was also noted amongst the non-contributors to the discussion online whom the author called the silent participant. Nevertheless, for many of us involved in teacher education, the possibility of a web-based 'communication site' during a practical teaching course is a dream come true.


Poultry, must have access to an open-air run whenever the weather conditions permit and, whenever possible, must have such access for at least one third of their life. These open-air runs must be mainly covered with vegetation be provided with protective facilities, and permit animals to have easy access to adequate numbers of drinking and feeding troughs.(Annex I B, 8.4.5. )
Minimal surface to be provided per animal are defined in Annex VIII of the Regulation.


Objective To explore significance of the T lymphacyte subgroup in cases with multiple sclerosis(MS).Methods Indirect immunofluorescence assay and flow cytometry were used to evaluate the presence of CD_4~+,CD_8~+ and T lymphocyte in the sera and CSF in patients with MS treated with glucocorticoid in the active stage.Results The CD_4~+,CD_8~+ and T lymphocyte in the peripheral blood of the patients in comparison with those of the control group decreased whereas their CD_4~+/CD_8~+ increased(P0.01).Their CD_4~+/CD_8~+ in CSF were significantly higher than those in controls.On the other hand,their CD_4~+ increased(P0.01) and the T lymphocyte subgroup in CSF were higher than in the peripheral blood(P0.01).Moreover,the CD_4~+/CD_8~+ in the peripheral blood and the CD_4~+ in the CSF were obviously lower and CD_8~+ in the CSF were markedly higher in the remission stage than in the active stage.The CD_8~+ in their peripheral blood and CSF,however,were lower than those in controls.Conclusion The results suggest that,in the MS,the assist immunological function of the T lymphocyte is considerably reinforced while the immunosuppressive function was weakened.Glucocorticoid is effective in the remission stage.T lymphocytes in some of the MS patients are somewhat ameliorated with the further remission of the condition in some of the MS cases,but in some cases,the CD_4~+,CD_8~+ and the ration of CD_4~+/CD_8~+ in the peripheral blood and CSF do not change much and tended to recur.


I n one of her many efforts to think about the modern, Hannah Arendt turned to a parable of Franz Kafka ' s. It begins, " He has two antagonists: the fi rst presses him from behind, from the origin. The second blocks the road ahead. He gives battle to both. To be sure, the fi rst supports him in his fi ght with the second, for he wants to push him forward, and in the same way, the second supports him in his fi ght with the fi rst, since he drives him back. But it is only theoretically so. " 1 She presents this as " the only exact description " of an essentially modern predicament: fi nding oneself in a world with " no willed continuity in time and hence, humanly speaking, neither past nor future, only sempiternal change. " 2 In Kafka ' s parable the protagonist is literally caught between past and future. Such a world, as Arendt said elsewhere, requires " thinking without a banister. " 3 This thinking without a banister, without a sense of where one is going or where one has come from, is not reserved for political theorists or philosophers. It concerns all of us who have happened to live through or in the wake of countlessrevolutions and upheavals since at leastthe eighteenth century — from the social and political to the scienti fi c and technological. Like Arendt, Isaac Reed puzzles over the hazards and hopes that attend such dys-phoria. These aren ' t mere abstractions but rather genuine crises that we experience in our often ordinary, sometimes extraordinary lives. It is perhaps, then, no coincidence that Power in Modernity , Reed ' s vertiginously thoughtful project to reformulate the modern, begins with not one but two parables from Kafka. 4 The fi rst, " Before


Programmable metasurfaces have great potential for the implementation of low-complexity and low-cost phased arrays. Due to the di ffi culty of multiple-bit phase control, conventional programmable metasurfaces su ff er a relatively high sidelobe level (SLL). In this manuscript, a time modulation strategy is introduced in the 1-bit transmissive programmable metasurface for reducing the SLLs of the generated patterns. After the periodic time modulation, harmonics are generated in each recon fi gurable unit and the phase of the fi rst-order harmonic can be dynamically controlled by applying di ff erent modulation sequences onto the corresponding unit. Through the high-speed modulation of the real-time periodic coding sequences on the metasurface by the programmable bias circuit, the equivalent phase shift accuracy to each metasurface unit can be improved to 6-bit and thus the SLLs of the metasurface could be reduced remarkably. The proposed time-modulated strategy is veri fi ed both numerically and experimentally with a transmissive programmable metasurface, which obtains an aperture e ffi ciency over 34% and reduced SLLs of about − 20dB. The proposed design could o ff er a novel approach of a programmable metasurface framework for radar detection and secure communication applications.


This paper uses the Stochastic Frontier Analysis(SFA) and Translog Production Function to access the time-trend and regional difference of the scale efficiency of factors of production in China.It also analysis the influence of micro-factors based on the non-efficiency function.Speaking in general,the efficiency which estimated with influencing factor is more precise.The efficiency showed a general upward trend during 1986-2005,although it appeared some fluctuations under the drastic change of economic environment.The efficiency of the eastern and western have the same trend,but the efficiency average growth rate of the eastern is significantly faster than the central and western after the 90s.The efficiency gap between eastern and western was gradually expanding.On the other hand,the internal differences in the eastern and western were showing a trend of convergence.Urbanization,industrialization,specialization and other micro influencing factor factors reflect different effects on the efficiency in the different regions and developing period.Therefore,regional policy and development patterns must make specific changes for different development characteristics and regional characteristics.


Three- to seven-year-old children judged a story-character's satisfaction. Their comprehension of the relationship between motives and outcomes of action was tested by presenting them with matching and with mismatching outcomes. For example, one character's motive, depicted in a 'thinks' bubble, was to throw a ball to one of two children. In a matching outcome, the intended child caught the ball, whereas in a mismatching outcome, the other child caught it. Even the youngest children judged the character more pleased when the outcome matched his motive than when it did not. This suggests that children from three years old can integrate motive and outcome information. Children under seven years failed to judge satisfaction appropriately when motives and outcomes were bad. Comparisons of children's satisfaction judgements with their moral judgements of the story-characters suggested possible reasons for this failure. The implications of the results for social cognition and information integration are discussed.


The reduction in the mean diameter of polystyrene and styrene-divinylbenzene copolymer granules, brought about by suspension polymerization, has been investigated. For this purpose, emulsifiers containing hydrophilic polyethylene glycol fragments were added to a stabilizer [starch, poly(vinyl alcohol) or polymethacrylic acid with 10 mol% methylmethacrylate units]. The emulsifiers investigated such as 'Stearox' (20s-oxyethylated stearic acid), 'Phenoxol' (15s-oxyethylated phenol) and 'APhO' (10s-oxyethylated alkylphenol) were found to reduce the mean diameters of granules by a factor of 10 or more. The same tendency was observed when benzoyl peroxide was replaced by the surface-active oligomeric peroxide of sebacinic acid whose surface activity is due to the polymeric chain ends.


The Early Palaeolithic of Japan may be defined as comprised of any assemblage which occurs before 30,000 years BP, i.e., prior to the formation of Tachikawa loam formation of the Kanto region (Serizawa, 1970, Ikawa Smith, 1978, 247-86). It has been the subject of controversy since the Palaeolithic period was recognized in Japan following discoveries at Iwajuku in 1949 (Sugihara, 1956). Early in the history of subsequent research, debate arose as to the date of man's arrival in the archipelago. This debate is of importance to a wider audience for a number of reasons. First, Japan is located in a region which has traditionally been associated as a source area for the peopling of the New World—early dates claimed for occupation in America should then, perhaps, be relatable to similar finds and dates in Japan. Secondly, there is now increasing evidence for relative early dates of occupation in Siberia. (Boriskovskij, 1978, 27; Yi and Clark, 1983; Okladnikov and Pospelova, 1982). These may find supportive evidence from neighbouring lands. Thirdly, it is interesting from the point of view of hominid evolution to know how far populations of Homo erectus and archaic Homo sapiens had spread in East Asia and what form their adaptations took. Additionally, Japan is a relatively well-explored and published source of data in a poorly known region of the World and may be useful as a source for deriving analogies and ideas in interpreting lithic material, particularly in countries such as Korea where palaeolithic research is still in its infancy (Hwang, 1979; Kim, 1983).


This paper introduces the main expression forms and features of the poor psychological bearing ability of university students,analyzes on the present situation of increasing the psychological bearing ability of university students,and puts forward some measures for increasing the psychological bearing ability of university students.


The design of low-energy transfer trajectory using the manifold near the triangular libration points is a hotspot in today's aircraft-dynamics research.Generally numerical methods are used to design the trajectory as the three-body model has no precise analytical solution.However it cost much time and resources.A new method was put forward to solve this problem.Based on the two-body model and the three-body model,the matching speed of the two trajectories in the phase space was improved.Finally a low-energy trajectory from the moon's parking orbit to earth-moon system L1 point was designed here.The simulation result showed that this method was efficient and reliable.


The flow and heat transfer characteristics of radiative magnetohydrodynamic
convection boundary layer flow of nanofluids over a nonlinear stretching/shrinking
sheet in the presence of viscous dissipation, thermal radiation and Ohmic heating is
investigated numerically.The similarity transformation reduces the time-independent
boundary layer equations for continuity, momentum and energy into a set of coupled
ordinary differential equations. The obtained governing equations have been solved
numerically by using similarity transformation method with shooting technique and
the analysis for the problem are evaluated by using MAPLE 2016. The influence
on the velocity and temperature are presented both in tabular and graphical forms
for various parameter such as magnetic field parameter (M), thermal radiation
parameter (N), nonlinear parameter (m), Richardson number (RI), heat source
parameter (�), heat sink parameter (


In this study, zero tail inverse Lifting wavelet transform spread fast Walsh Hadamard transformed OFDM (ZT-ILWTs FWHT OFDM) is recommended as an alternative to the OFDM waveform for the new generation of wireless transmission systems. The recommended waveform is composed of a combination of inverse Lifting wavelet transform (ILWT) and fast Walsh Hadamard transform (FWHT) with OFDM waveform. The proposed waveform is tested with computer simulation studies for bit error rate (BER), peak to average power ratio (PAPR) and out of band emission (OOBE) performance criteria. From the attained results, it is observed that the recommended waveform is better than classical OFDM and zero-tail discrete Fourier transform spread OFDM (ZT-DFT-S OFDM) waveforms for all three performance criteria.


Disclosed is a sleeping support having a recessed headrest and being mounted on a chair back. The support comprises: a head backing plate which is a board provided with a soft material (5) allowing the head to be comfortable. The centre thereof has a distinct recess used to accommodate the head, comprising a hole (3), a pit or a recess (41, 42) with several openings and with or without a base. These components are indirectly or directly connected to a chair back (1). The sleeping support means that a user does not need to carry a support when travelling in a vehicle and the head of a user can rest very comfortably thereon.


Plant stress due to NaCl compound will have an impact on the reduction of plant growth and yield.  Tolerant varieties are required  to increase plant production in coastal areas since these areas are closely related to salinity.  This study aimed to (1) determine the appropriate NaCl concentration for saline tolerance in maize stress selection, (2) determine the response of maize plant to salinity stress in nutrient culture, and (3) determine the response of new hybrid maize having adaptibility in coastal area.  Two experiments were run from November 2017 until May 2018. The first experiment was conducted in a greenhouse at the Laboratory of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture University of Bengkulu  to determine the tolerance response of 25 new hybrid maize to salinity in nutrient culture.  The second experiment was conducted on the coastal areas in Beringin Raya Village, Muarabangkahulu District, Bengkulu City to determine the response of new hybrid maize having adaptibility in a coastal areas.  The concentration of  NaCl at which level the LC 50 was determined was found to be in 150 mM. This concentration was then used to test the tolerance of 25 new hybrid maize to NaCl stress.  The hybrids of CT18, CT19, CT22, CT25, CT31, CT33, CT34, CT40, CT47, and  CT50 showed good responses to the concentration treatment  of 150 mM NaCl based on plant fresh weight and shoot dry weight. The hybrids of CT17,CT19, and CT20 showed good adaptibility on coastal area based on the length of cob, diameter of cob, seed weight per cob, and cob weight per plant.  Among those three hybrids, CT17 and CT20 resulted low fresh weight and low shoot dry weight.  The factors other than NaCl in coastal area maybe affect better response. However, CT19 proved as a hybrid which was consistently in a good response to salinity stress both in nutrient culture and in coastal growing area.


Objective: To study the effect of"Kang Shen Yi Hao"on immune function in senile maintaining hemodialysis patients. Methods: Reverse-transcript polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR) was applied to measure IL-1β, IL-2 and IL-6 mRNA levels of peripheral blood mononuclear cells(PBMC) in fifteen senile maintaining hemodialysis patients. Cytokine levels were compared before and after three-month therapy. Results: Levels of IL-2 mRNA increased while levels of IL-1β and IL-6 mRNA decreased after treatment. Conclusion: "Kang Shen Yi Hao"increases level of IL-2 and decreased levels of IL-1β and IL-6, suggesting its regulatory effect on immune function in senile maintaining hemodialysis patients.


This study aimed to estimate the genetic divergence between Urochloa brizantha ecotypes based on quantitative, qualitative descriptors and their joint analysis to select the promising to release as cultivars of this species. Eight ecotypes (B1, B2, B3, B4, B5, B6, B8) and cultivar 'Marandu' of U. brizantha were implanted into pickets with 1000m2 each, with two repetitions. Five quantitative descriptors were evaluated [leaf area (ALF), length and width of leaf blades (CLF and LLF, respectively), dry mass (MS), mass of dry matter (MMS) and proportion of leaf blade in MS (PLF)] in two forage samples, being a representative of rainfall, in February 2000, and another in the dry period, in August 2000. It was measured the qualitative descriptors: shear strength (RC), volume of accumulated gas in fast and slow fraction (A and B, respectively), crude protein (CP), neutral detergent fiber (NDF), acid detergent fiber (ADF ), cellulose (CEL), lignin in sulfuric acid (LIG), silica (SIL) and in vitro digestibility of organic matter (IVOMD). There was considerable genetic divergence in U. brizantha ecotypes, especially regarding to quantitative descriptors. Based on the groupings of quantitative, qualitative descriptors and their joint analysis, the grouping containing of B1, B3 and B5 with 'Marandu' can result in promising U. brizantha ecotypes


This study aimed at stabilizing and decreasing the fishing boat's nonlinear roll motion using a fin-roll stabilizer. To do so, numerical and analytical modeling have been introduced. In addition, a numerical method and empirical formulas for calculating the coefficients of the model are used. A Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) method is employed to analyze both the fluid flow and its effect on the fin performance. Constrained linear quadratic regulator (LQR) controller is designed and used to control the roll motion in the presence of operational constraints of the fin's actuator. To boost the validity of results, the performance of this controller is compared with a conventional proportional-integral-derivative (PID) controller. Simulation results demonstrate the significant amount of reduction in roll amplitude.

 Roll motion is one of the most important motions of a ship at sea. The accelerations due to wave-induced roll motions negatively influence a fishing boat's performance by limiting the comfort, workability, and safety (Perez & Blanke 2012).
 The roll stabilization systems have widely been studied for more than three decades (Perez & Blanke 2012), and various types of antirolling devices have been introduced to reduce the undesirable roll motion (Lloyd 1989). The use of an active fin stabilizer has been considered as the most effective antirolling technique for ships normally operating at some forward speeds (Sellars & Martin 1992). This reduces the roll motion by controlling the mechanical angle of the fin according to the ship roll angle and roll rate (Stallard 1961).
 There are two main constraints of fin stabilizers including saturation of the mechanical fin angle and dynamic stall (Ghaemi et al. 2009). These two constraints cause a performance degradation in the fishing boats. Dynamic stall is a nonlinear phenomenon caused by unsteady hydrodynamic effects leading to roll moment loss when the angle of attack exceeds a certain threshold (Perez & Goodwin 2008). Also, it depends on the lift coefficient which can be changed in line with the effective angle of attack between the flow and the fin. Therefore, to analyze the behavior of fin and calculate the lift coefficient, the experimental results (Lee et al. 2000), the computational fluid dynamics (CFD) method, (Surendran et al. 2007) and the empirical formulas are used (Whicker & Fehlner 1958). Taylan (1996, 1999, 2000) studied the nonlinear roll motion model. In those studies, the nonlinear restoring terms were considered as a third order polynomial. Likewise, the nonlinear damping term was regarded as a second order polynomial. In the study by Surendran and Venkata Ramana Reddy (2002), a comprehensive research was conducted regarding the roll dynamics of a Ro-Ro ship, taking into account the many types of combinations of loads in linear and nonlinear forms. In the study by Alarçin (2014), the nonlinear mathematical model of roll was introduced for a fishing boat in the presence of wave disturbance.


The main objective of the Medieval Latin subject is to provide elementary mechanisms for the reading and understanding of medieval Latin texts, as well as a general perspective of the textual production and its relevance to understand the long chronological stage of the medieval world. The training objectives, which are intended, are the following: 1) Acquire a cultural baggage that allows to distinguish the concept of medieval Latin in relation to classical Latin. 2) Value the new typology of texts offered by the medieval world and its transmission. 3) Read and comment on the selected texts that offer relevant examples of the historical and cultural event of the medieval space. 4) Know bibliographic, lexical, databases and digital resources.


OBJECTIVE To prepare antisense oligodeoxynucleotides-loaded polybutylcyanoa-crylate nanoparticles. METHODS The cationic polybutylcyanoacrylate nanoparticles were prepared by an emulsion polymerization process with the presence of DEAE-Dex-tran.Antisense oligodeoxynucleotides were loaded on the particles by adsorption.The morphology was inve-stigated by atomic force microscopy. The size and surface charge of the nanoparticles were determined by laser particle analyter. The entrapment efficiency and loading were determined by HPLC. The ability of protecting oligodeoxynucleotides from enzyme attack was investigated on a agarose gel. RESULTS The resulting nanoparticles had regular spherical surface. A narrow particle size distribution with a mean diameter of 90.2 nm, a high Zeta potentials of + 40.1 mV and a high-oligodeoxynucleotides-loading of 84.3 μg· mg-1 were obtained. Most of the antisense oligodeoxynucleotides was loaded. The oligodeoxynucleotides bound to these nanoparticles were found to be protected from DNase attack. CONCLUSION The cationic polybutylcyanoacrylate nanoparticles appear to be a promising vehicle for antisense oligodeoxynucleotides.


Recently, there is a huge volume of polluted wastewater released from the industries, which adversely affects the environment and human health. As a result, finding a simple, inexpensive, and efficient strategy for water purification is one of the major concerns of researchers. In this study, based on the scope of heavy metals removal from the polluted water, the polymer inclusion membrane has been employed for Co(II) removal. In this way, the main separation parameters in the membrane structure and aqueous phases including carrier percentage, percentage of plasticizer, pH of source phase, and receiving phase acid concentration have been considered at the room temperature and atmospheric pressure, simultaneously, by applying the response surface methodology. The range of considered parameters varied between 5 and 35%wt (total weight of the reference membrane), 40–70%wt (total weight of the reference membrane), 2.5–6.5, and 0.5–2.5 mol L–1 for the carrier percentage, percentage of plasticizer, pH of the source phase, and receiving phase acid concentration, respectively. The statistical analysis of experimental tests showed an admissible agreement between these values and model outputs by developing acceptable results for Adj-R2 (0.9978) and p-value (p < 0.0001). Also, the ion removal has been optimized by maximizing the removal factor at a constant time of 24 h (%RFmax = 73.25%) to achieve the optimum quantities of considered parameters. A test in the optimal operational conditions with the removal factor of 73.99% verified the reliability and accuracy of the proposed model. Finally, the interaction coefficients between the considered variables are completely analyzed to have a better grasp about the polymer inclusion membranes.


Consider a mixture G(.) = ∫ S F θ (.) dH(θ). In this paper we derive some bounds on the uniform (Kolmogorov) distance Δ(F θ 0 , G) ≡ sup x ‖F θ 0 (x) - G (x)‖ for some convenient choices of θ 0 . In particular, we identify an optimal θ 0 . We illustrate the results by some examples, and show that these new bounds can often be computed easily, and that they improve some known bounds in many instances. Some applications in reliability theory are also described.


Mangroves are one of the largest coastal ecosystems in Indonesia that provide ecosystem functions and services for terrestrial biota, sea, seagrass ecosystems - coral reefs, and surrounding areas. Indonesia has the largest mangrove area in the world with an area of 22.6%, so that Indonesian mangroves contribute significantly to the absorption of carbon dioxide (CO2), one of the greenhouse gases. So that Indonesia's mangroves play an important role in regulating global climate change. The area of mangrove forests in Indonesia has declined sharply over the past two decades. The main drivers of mangrove degradation are use for settlement and cultivation. Currently, sustainable management is needed to maintain and improve the area and quality of mangroves.
Mangrove forests are very important ecosystems for the conservation of fish resources. Mangroves are the habitat of fish, shrimp, crabs, and others. The ecological or biological function of mangrove ecosystems includes spawning grounds, foraging and breeding grounds for animals, especially fish, crabs and shrimp which are excellent commodities that benefit fishermen. Physically, mangrove forests prevent coastal abrasion, resist seawater intrusion and windbreaks, and reduce greenhouse gas emissions such as CO, CO2, SOx and NOx in the air and pollutants in coastal waters (Noor et al., 2006). The main factors of mangrove destruction are (1) pollution, (2) conversion of mangrove forests without considering environmental factors, and (3) excessive deforestation.


We address the problem of the stability of the computations of resultants and subresultants of polynomials defined over complete discrete valuation rings (e.g. Zp or k[[t]] where k is a field). We prove that Euclide-like algorithms are highly unstable on average and we explain, in many cases, how one can stabilize them without sacrifying the complexity. On the way, we completely determine the distribution of the valuation of the principal subresultants of two random monic p-adic polynomials having the same degree.


The present invention relates to an arrangement (1) for supplying an internal combustion engine (2) with oil (3) having an oil channel (4), arranged one in the oil duct (4) conveying means (6), arranged one in the oil passage (4) filter means ( 8), a cooler (9) for cooling the oil (3) and a pressure reducer (7) to compensate for pressure peaks in the oil (3). Essential to the invention here is that the pressure reducer (7) in the oil duct (4) and a pressure reducer housing (17) which limits the volume flowed through a by oil (3) (18) of the pressure reducer (7), the volume ( 18) forms a flow cross-sectional enlargement (19) of the arrangement (1) for equalizing pressure peaks. This makes it possible to simplify the arrangement (1) and / or space-saving manner and / or form with a reduced wear. The invention further relates to a pump module (12), a filter module and a crankcase module (24) of such an arrangement (1).


The rapidly increasing capabilities of networks enable the construction of wide-area integrated environments for collaboration and sharing of instruments, data, and computational and storage resources. We will briefly present some current Grid infrastructure developments, some of the associated challenges, and some of our own research in regards to standards based non-intrusive Grid accounting, and techniques for design and implementation of scientific software libraries achieving portability across platforms with preservation of efficiency to the extent possible.


With the development of the global information and digital DSP-based software radio technology as a high-end flexible communications system structure,giving users a convenient and high-quality performance.In this paper,through the study DSP theory and software radio technology,and both clever combination of advantages,and then study the radio radar applications tech nology,also describes its application prospect and research significance.


PURPOSE
The purpose of this preliminary study was to evaluate the flexural properties of poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) reinforced with oil palm empty fruit bunch (OPEFB) fiber.

MATERIALS AND METHODS
The flexural strength and flexural modulus of three OPEFB fiber-reinforced PMMA were compared with a conventional and a commercially available reinforced PMMA. The three test groups included OPEFB fibers of 0.5 mm thickness, 2.0 mm thickness, and OPEFB cellulose.

RESULTS
All test group specimens demonstrated improved flexural strength and flexural modulus over conventional PMMA. Reinforcement with OPEFB cellulose showed the highest mean flexural strength and flexural modulus, which were statistically significant when compared to the conventional and commercially reinforced PMMA used in this study. OPEFB fiber in the form of cellulose and 0.5 mm thickness fiber significantly improved flexural strength and flexural modulus of conventional PMMA resin. Further investigation on the properties of PMMA reinforced with OPEFB cellulose is warranted.

CONCLUSIONS
Natural OPEFB fibers, especially OPEFB in cellulose form, can be considered a viable alternative to existing commercially available synthetic fiber reinforced PMMA resin.


gators have independently confirmed our findings; that is, in the presence of perfluorochemical emulsion (PFC) in a blood sample, all the displayed numbers on the CO-Oximeter are in error except for the values for 02 content. We agree with them that there is an interdependence of the four values (oxy-, deoxy-, carboxy-, and methemoglobin) as determined by the instrument (1, 2). It could therefore affect all of the displayed numbers. We have made the empirical observation that in the presence of PFC the displayed 02 content number is accurate (±10%) and suitable for our specific needs (3). Tremper eta!., in their Letter, have independently made the same observation. We have more recently used two additional CO-Oximeters in the course of our clinical trial with Fluosol-DA 20% and found the 02 content numbers to be valid, while the other numbers were in error. Finally, we have obtained the same results with significantly higher concentrations of PFC (Fluosol-DA 35%) (4). In summary, the finding that several IL282 CO-Oximeters provide an accurate value for erythrocyte 02 content, while the other numbers are in error, is an empirical one. We would therefore recommend that this observation be confirmed first for any CO-Oximeter before it is used with blood samples containing PFC.


This review is devoted to three new editions of the "Acta Martyrum" published in 2017—2018 years, i. e. the two editions by Oxford University Press and the first Russian edition of all the "Acta Martyrum" up to mid-3rd century published in Saint Petersburg. The first edition is an attempt to abstain from using the criteria of philological criticism in order to separate authentic texts from later ones. In the second one the fictional Passions composed in the 5th — 7th centuries are published. The third edition is a first-ever book containing the Russian translation of the ten "Acta Martyrum" believed to be the oldest.


To determine whether the temperature of 2% lignocaine hydrochloride gel affects the initial discomfort during instillation into the male urethra.


The early afterdepolarization (EAP) behavior is introduced into the Greeberg-Hasting model of discrete excitable medium through considering that some of the refractory states can be excited. The effect of the EAP on spiral wave is studied. The numerical results show that the EAP has significant influences on spiral waves when the related parameters are suitably chosen. These influences include that the EAP causes spiral wave drifting and meandering,and spiral breakup. The pattern of spiral wave is distorted. The spiral wave varies alternately between those with thick and thin arms. The period of spiral wave alters alternately between two values. The EAP induces the transition from stable spiral wave to breathing spiral wave or antispiral wave. When the excitation threshold of refractory states is very high,the EAP has no affect on the spiral wave. The EAP induced phenomena are briefly discussed.


While most economists are in agreement that China's currency is undervalued, economists are less certain as to the effect of the undervaluation. Despite the equivocal data, critics of China's regime claim that the undervaluation leads to cheaper, and therefore increased exported goods, while at the same time raising the price of imported goods. For this reason, U.S. lawmakers perpetually raise the issue and periodically initiate legislation, which would deem China a "currency manipulator" and thus trigger retaliatory measures. Lawyers are less certain whether there can be a multilateral solution to the perceived problem.With the existing legal literature consisting mostly of industry-funded research, the time is ripe to undertake a large-scale legal analysis of China's exchange regime under the existing international legal framework. This article undertakes such an analysis and in particular, evaluates the legitimacy of China's exchange regime under applicable international law, that being the Articles of Agreement of the International Monetary Fund (IMF) and both the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade and the Agreement on Subsidies and Countervailing Measures of the World Trade Organization (WTO). We conclude that while China clearly manipulates its currency, its measures are not inconsistent with the IMF Articles or the applicable WTO agreements. The article concludes by noting that modification of either the IMF Articles or applicable WTO agreements is the only multilateral option available to those determined to more strongly sanction "currency manipulation".


Abstract Contrary to the various studies on militant Islam in Europe seeking to explain the mobilization and socialization techniques European Muslims' religious organizations employ, this article aims to understand a poorly researched phenomenon: the militancy crisis within Islamic movements. Although European Islamist movements have encountered some success, the difficulties they face cannot be ignored. Indeed, the Muslim Brotherhood (MB), one of the most important organizations, faces a wave of internal disputes, which has led to numerous defections. This article seeks to explain the different variables driving this exit process. The various semi-structured interviews which were conducted with former executives and militants of the organization in France, Belgium, Switzerland and Italy highlight two factors that led to defection. The first is ideological. These militants are no longer convinced that the MB ideology is capable of solving the problems Muslims face. In addition to ideological disillusion, militants claim that their departure is due to the internal workings of an organization characterized by a totalitarian streak, which fails to satisfy the aspirations of its members, despite their commitment.


Personalized linguistic summaries are developed with the use of protoforms in the sense of Yager and Kacprzyk. We discuss the construction and usefulness of such patientdependent and disease-state-dependent linguistic summaries that may be exampli ed as Most outgoing calls in mania state (disease period) are short compared to the calls recorded in the euthymia state (healthy period). Such linguistic summaries may become important features in the smartphonebased monitoring of the bipolar disorder patients and inform about the detected change in patient's state. The main advantage of the personalized linguistic summaries is their human-centricity. The performance of the proposed approach is illustrated with examples based on the real-life data collected within the observational study.


The lack of highly tumor-specific antigens limits the development of engineered T cell therapeutics because of life-threatening "on-target/off-tumor" toxicities. Here we identify ALPPL2 as a tumor-specific antigen expressed in a spectrum of solid tumors, including mesothelioma. ALPPL2 can act as a sole target for chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) therapy or be combined with tumor-associated antigens such as MCAM or mesothelin in synthetic Notch (synNotch) CAR combinatorial antigen circuits. SynNotch CAR T cells display superior tumor control when compared to CAR T cells to the same antigens by prevention of CAR-mediated tonic signaling allowing T cells to maintain a long-lived memory and non-exhausted phenotype. Collectively, we establish ALPPL2 as a clinically viable target for multiple solid tumors and demonstrate the multi-faceted therapeutic benefits of synNotch CAR T cells. ONE SENTENCE SUMMARY SynNotch CAR circuits targeting novel solid tumor antigens enhance specificity and improve therapeutic efficacy by regulating T cell exhaustion.


Taking into account the needs of modern school, the question about the quality of pedagogical activity, recognition of status of the young teacher, able to replace the experienced educators, to be adequate to the new educational situation and new complicated conditions of professional activity, becomes topical. In the article the author aims to discover the essence of the notion "the young teacher" and outline the problems of its status recognition in Ukraine. It is determined, that the category "the young teacher" is connected with age period "the youth", is used related to the profession but not age, and means social group with big labor potential. It was established, that the negative tendencies as to the young teacher status recognition are conditioned by insufficient readiness of the youth to pedagogical activity, large number of working teachers of pre-pension and pension age, low lovel of prestisiousness of pedagogical specialty. As a result of the study of genesis of definition of the young teacher status it was discovered, that this term is accordant to the category "the young specialist", which official use is a base for guaranteeing of social support for young people. The author proves that the recognition of young teacher status in Ukraine is worthy of the state support that will favor the inflow of young teachers, able to be adequate to the new educational situation and new complicated conditions of professional activity


Foreword by Johnny Cash Foreword by Johnny Western Preface Acknowledgments Sessions Releases Singles Extended-play Albums Long-play Albums Compact Discs Billboard Chart Listings Singles Albums Appendix: Alphabetical "Billboard" Chart Entries Bibliography Sessions Index Releases Index


Through this study we made a summary of the characteristics of negotiation strategies and tactics used in international transactions. In this approach we used data from the literature, the emphasis being on the psychological aspect that implementation strategies have on partners in the negotiation process. Also, for each of the strategies and tactics of negotiation recommendations were established to act accordingly.


Line work uses stylized lines to show form and composition.Light and shade are discarded in representing the structure of the object but subjective mood is incorporated.Lines form the general composition of the picture as well as the outlines of the object.Lines are stylized in terms of different objects and of different characters of the artists.


I Have found it necessary to deal speculatively rather than historically with the subject assigned to me. The assembly and the organization of facts presuppose principles of organization and criteria of relevancy. As yet these have not been formulated. Until this lack is repaired, therefore, speculation is bound to swamp history.


The purpose of this thesis has been to examine of the utilisation of hybrid energy
 systems for villages in remote areas of Namibia. In this project the hybrid energy
 system is considered to contain PV panels, batteries, power converter and diesel
 generators. To fulfil the purpose four sub-purposes has been defined; identification of
 general guidelines to the implementation process, modelling and design of a hybrid
 energy system, determination of criteria for implementation of hybrid energy systems
 and discussion of barriers towards dissemination of hybrid energy systems in Namibia.
 With basis of empirical data from Gobabeb Research and Training Centre a case study
 of an implementation process of a hybrid energy technology has been conducted. The
 theoretical framework of the analysis consisted of domestication theory, actor network
 theory and de-scription theory. The socio-technical analysis has revealed that the
 technology in different ways was not utilised as intended. This analysis did lead to an
 identification of some general guidelines for the implementation process. Concepts as
 communication with, involvement of and capacity development of end-users and
 professional users were among other included in the general guidelines.
 The modelling consisted of a model which determine the system performance and an
 economy model which predicts the economy of the hybrid energy system. The
 performance model has been made in the modelling tool Hybrid2 and was primarily
 based on measured data from the hybrid energy system installed at Gobabeb
 Research and Training Centre. The economic model was based on a spreadsheet and
 it used the outputs from the Hybrid2 model.
 With the basis from the modelling of the system at Gobabeb a model of a hybrid energy
 system to be implemented in a remote village has been made. The modelling has been
 used to both propose an economically optimal design of a hybrid energy system for the
 village as well as the economic feasibility of the system has been assessed. Some
 general conclusions could be drawn from the result of the assessment: it is with the
 present conditions not economical feasible to implement a loan financed hybrid energy
 system. In return if the capital cost of the system is externally funded of e.g.
 development aid it is a better economical solution than an energy system only based
 on diesel generators. Moreover a hybrid energy system will be less dependent on
 varying diesel fuel prices.
 By discussing hybrid energy systems in Namibia the implementation guidelines and the
 modelling has been put into perspective. A discussion of the criteria in order to
 implement a hybrid energy system in a village is related to the local society. Evaluation
 of barriers towards the dissemination of hybrid energy systems is closely linked to the
 national society.


Summary The cytoplasmic constituents of the unfertilized eggs of Ciona intestinalis were separated by centrifugation and studied at the electron microscope, with the following results. Lipid droplets collect at the centripetal pole; they are boundered by a thin membrane. The yolk granules are homogeneous in appearance; a few have a granular structure. Mitochondria contain numerous cristae; they accumulate in two different layers centripetally and centrifugally to the yolk granules layer respectively. Basophilic material collects at both poles of the egg in two hyaline caps: a centripetal one constituted by small Vesicles and a centrifugal represented by dense clumps. The latter, as well as the small vesicles of the centripetal pole, contain numerous granules of about 200 A in diameter.


Objective: Neuropharmacological effects of various extracts made from Naringi crenulata (Roxb.) Nicolson Leaves is the main objective of this stdy Materials and methods: The leaves used to authenticate Naringi crenulata (Roxb.) were sourced from Wayanad in Kerala. Throughout the extraction procedure, higher polarity solvents such petroleum ether, chloroform, and methanol were utilised. The methanol extract was also separated with ethylacetate in order to produce ethyl acetate fractions. To ascertain the makeup of the phytoconstituents, all of the extracts and the fraction underwent a phytochemicals screening. Different quantities (5-640 g/mL) of chloroform, methanol, and ethylacetate fractions were utilised for various in-vitro antioxidant assay methods, such as the DPPH scavenging assay, hydroxyl radical scavenging assay, nitric oxide radical scavenging assay, and others. Ascorbic acid (AA) served as the standard.Neuropharmacological screening methods, such as sedative and hypnotic activity, anti-convulsant activity, were conducted on higher and lower dosages of NC. Catalase, SOD, GPx, and other enzymes. The in-vivo antioxidant studies on isolated liver used non-enzymatic antioxidants (GSH) as well. The concentrations of the brain neurotransmitters DA and GABA were also measured in MENC


The oil shale formation may be treated by using an in situ thermal process.Hydrocarbons within an oil shale formation may be converted in situ within the formation to yield a mixture of hydrocarbon products,hydrogen,and/or other products.Heat sources may be used to heat a portion of the oil shale formation to temperatures that allow pyrolysis of the hydrocarbons.Hydrocarbons,hydrogen,and other formation fluids may be removed from the formation through production wells.It has more advantages than retorting.It is very important in using in situ thermal process to confirm the theory and principle of the pyrolysis of the kerogen within an oil shale formation.


In Sweden, about 50% of the production of drinking water comes from groundwater. A groundwater aquifer can be contaminated by pollutants leaking into the aquifers drainage basin and by groundwater flow.

One way of securing the quality of drinking water is by the constitution of zones of protection. Such a zone means to protect the groundwater from pollutants and is the sole most important instrument for securing the quality of drinking water. In spite of laws and regulation, the protection of groundwater in Sweden is weak and the need for more, and better zones of protection is great.

This study aims to make a screening of the quality of zones of protection around groundwater resources. The way two parameters, groundwater flow and the drainage basin are presented in the documents describing the zone of protection has been studied and graded. The analysis of the documents shows that the two parameters seems to be taken into consideration when the demarcation of the zone is established, but the way in which they are presented vary depending on the geological material and outtake from the aquifer.

As of today, an official way of making sure that the quality of the zone of protection is up to standard is lacking. It is therefore suggested that such a method is established in order to ensure that the quality of drinking water protection is secured. In such a method, the parameters and grading which has been used in this study would function well to give insight to how well the demarcation of the zone is decided. In order to even better evaluate the demarcation of the zone, the executed investigations, on which the parameters are based, should be studied.


The mechanical properties of high-pressure die-casted parts are directly influenced by their microstructure. This article aims to evaluate the effect of the fast-shot speed on the structural component and overall microstructure for two geometrically different castings. The material used during experimental works is commonly known as the AlSi9Cu3(Fe) alloy. For experimental purposes, numerical simulations, microstructural and EDS analysis, the DAS index, length of eutectic Si plates and more were implemented. The simulations have shown the possibility of air entrapment in the filling chamber. Oxides, and consequently microporosity, were localized, which led to the selection of critical points of the casts for further observation and evaluation. With the use of the optical/scanning microscope and microhardness evaluation, the fast-shot speed value of 3.6 m.s−1 was selected as the most advantageous.


The elusive nature of dreams has intrigued philosophers and scientists since the birth of human kind. Compared to waking consciousness, dreaming defies many concepts of our ordinary reality, which has prompted many scholars to formulate several theories about its origin, meaning and functions. Despite the existence of a thorough analysis of dream content from western and non-western civilizations and several attempts concerning its interpretation and links with our waking life, it has remained impossible to identify the physical origin of dreams to date. Recent years have seen considerable progress in the development of sophisticated neuroimaging methods (high-density EEG, fMRI) allowing a stringent characterization of the brain mechanisms of a conscious state. Combining such techniques with reliable phenomenological methods such as serial awakenings during sleep, we have been able to describe the neural correlates of the dreaming experience and of specific dream content in healthy individuals and in patients with nightmares. These studies demonstrated that similar cortical networks are implicated for the same conscious content (e.g. perceptions, thoughts, emotions) across sleep and wakefulness in both healthy subjects and patients. We assume that the origins of a dream are located in subcortical regions of the brain and are related to the offline processing of motivational and emotional memory content during sleep. Combining EEG/MRI with serial awakenings represents a promising avenue for future developments in the science of dreaming, with the potential for decoding mental content from ongoing cortical and subcortical brain activity. Further studies showed that dreaming serves an emotion regulation function by exposing the individual to specific emotional stimuli, which would result in adapted responses to real-life events during wakefulness. By extrapolating this finding to clinical applications, we can propose new sleep therapies, which will aim to potentiate the emotional function of sleep and dreaming in order to treat several psychiatric disorders.


ABSTRAK Indonesia is a country that consists of thousands of islands, and so we need a means of transportation to connect between the islands. In transport, the carrier shall organize transport safely and be responsible for the risk of adverse effects experienced by passengers and shippers. Based on this problem under study are: 1) How is the implementation of the agreement the transport of goods and / or passengers by sea at Pier Port Bungus Teluk Kabung Padang? 2) How is the responsibility of PT ASDP (Persero) in the transport of goods and / or passenger transport organizer angkutran as rivers, lakes and crossing the event of a default? 3) How is the implementation of the claim for damages on the PT ASDP (Persero). This study using sociological juridical approach, and data sources in the form of primary and secondary data. Data were obtained by interview and document study. Data were analyzed qualitatively. From the study it can be concluded that 1) the implementation of the transport agreement made when passengers or shippers buy tickets at the counter that has been provided and ends when the passenger or goods have arrived and unloaded at the dock destination. 2) The carrier is responsible for passengers and goods, began when the ship left the dock of departure to the destination dock. 3) filing a claim for damages in PT ASDP (Persero) is done by filling out an accident report form by attaching a ticket or mail transportation. Keywords: Responsibility, replied, Goods, Passengers


Instituto de Fisiologi´a Celular, UNAM, PO Box 70-253, Me´xico City, DF 04510, Me´xicoAbstract—It is demonstrated that not all voltage-gated calcium channel types expressed in neostriatal projection neurons (L, N, P,Q and R) contribute equally to the activation of calcium-dependent potassium currents. Previous work made clear that differentcalcium channel types contribute with a similar amount of current to whole-cell calcium current in neostriatal neurons. It has alsobeen shown that spiny neurons posses both "big" and "small" types of calcium-dependent potassium currents and that activation ofsuch currents relies on calcium entry through voltage-gated calcium channels. In the present work it was investigated whether allcalcium channel types equally activate calcium-dependent potassium currents. Thus, the action of organic calcium channelantagonists was investigated on the calcium-activated outward current. Transient potassium currents were reduced by 4-aminopyr-idine and sodium currents were blocked by tetrodotoxin. It was found that neither 30 nM v-Agatoxin-TK, a blocker of P-typechannels, nor 200 nM calciseptine or 5 mM nitrendipine, blockers of L-type channels, were able to significantly reduce the outwardcurrent. In contrast, 400 nM v-Agatoxin-TK, which at this concentration is able to block Q-type channels, and 1mM v-ConotoxinGVIA, a blocker of N-type channels, both reduced outward current by about 50%. These antagonists given together, or 500 nMv-Conotoxin MVIIC, a blocker of N- and P/Q-type channels, reduced outward current by 70%. In addition, the N- and P/Q-typechannel blockers preferentially reduce the afterhyperpolarization recorded intracellularly.The results show that calcium-dependent potassium channels in neostriatal neurons are preferentially activated by calcium entrythrough N- and Q-type channels in these conditions.q1999 IBRO. Published by Elsevier Science Ltd.Key words: calcium currents, basal ganglia, calcium-activated potassium currents, neostriatum, afterhyperpolarization, firing pattern.


The Library of the University of East Anglia has been organized on the basis of subject specialization, a system which the author believes to be applicable to small and medium-sized universities. A comparison of university structure and university library structure shows bow the system can bring about organizational strains and conflict situations in respect of career patterns of senior staff members. The need to recognize academic considerations for library promotions is stressed and a case made out for the fullest involvement of all senior library staff in policy-making. A revised version of a talk originally given to a meeting of the Standing Conference of National and University Libraries at Cambridge in September 1972.


Simple Summary The common bed bug (Cimex lectularius L.) experienced a worldwide resurgence during the last two decades. Chemical control is one of the popular strategies to control bed bug infestations. Bed bugs developed resistance to insecticides, but the prevalence and levels of insecticide resistance among local bed bug populations and whether the commonly used insecticide products are effective on these populations, is unclear. This study tested 13 field populations of bed bugs collected in the United States and determined their insecticidal resistance levels. We found that seven populations developed very high level resistance to deltamethrin. Only one population exhibited high level resistance to neonicotinoids. The performance of three neonicotinoid-pyrethroid mixture sprays and an inorganic insecticide dust were evaluated using three field populations that exhibited high levels of resistance to deltamethrin. All three tested populations required much higher concentrations (55–2017 times higher) than the laboratory strain to induce 90% mortality. Exposure to silica gel dust caused >95% mortality after 72 h. These findings indicate most resistant bed bugs may not be effectively controlled by pyrethroids, neonicotinoid, or pyrethroid-neonicotinoid insecticide sprays. Insecticide dusts containing silica gel are an effective material for control of bed bug infestations. Abstract Insecticide resistance is one of the factors contributing to the resurgence of the common bed bug, Cimex lectularius L. This study aimed to profile the resistance levels of field-collected C. lectularius populations to two neonicotinoids and one pyrethroid insecticide and the performance of selected insecticide sprays and an inorganic dust. The susceptibility of 13 field-collected C. lectularius populations from the United States to acetamiprid, imidacloprid, and deltamethrin was assessed by topical application using a discriminating dose (10 × LD90 of the respective chemical against a laboratory strain). The RR50 based on KT50 values for acetamiprid and imidacloprid ranged from 1.0–4.7 except for the Linden 2019 population which had RR50 of ≥ 76.9. Seven populations had RR50 values of > 160 for deltamethrin. The performance of three insecticide mixture sprays and an inorganic dust were evaluated against three C. lectularius field populations. The performance ratio of Transport GHP (acetamiprid + bifenthrin), Temprid SC (imidacloprid + β-cyfluthrin), and Tandem (thiamethoxam + λ-cyhalothrin) based on LC90 were 900–2017, 55–129, and 100–196, respectively. Five minute exposure to CimeXa (92.1% amorphous silica) caused > 95% mortality to all populations at 72 h post-treatment.


UNLABELLED
Pediculosis is an ectoparasitosis infestation that has not received much attention in northern Chile despite it is a common reoccurring condition among school-age children. The objective of this study is to determine the prevalence of Pediculus humanus capitis infestation in elementary schools of Arica.

PATIENTS AND METHOD
A group of 665 elementary school students from the Province of Arica were screened between August and November 2010; 467 children who met the inclusion criteria were selected. After parents and students signed an informed consent, the diagnosis was carried out through examination of the head with naked eye in each participating school, recording the presence of Pediculus humanus capitis, infestation level and parasite stage.

RESULTS
40.3% (188) of the children presented Pediculosis; the six schools studied were affected. Pediculosis infestation in girls reached 55.2% (138/250) and 23% (50/217) in boys.

CONCLUSION
The school population of Arica is significantly affected by Pediculosis and its prevalence is similar to other regions.


ABSTRACT. The sport of wrestling lays claim to being the world's oldest sport, with artifacts from Sumeria depicting wrestling from over 5,000 years ago, and was widely practiced in many ancient cultures (Petrov, 1993). Widespread female involvement in the sport is relatively new compared to male formal amateur competition. For example, while male wrestling has been a part of the program of the modern Olympic Games since 1896, female wrestling debuted at the 2004 Athens Olympic Games. Consequently, the research on elite female wrestlers is limited. Research that has been published exploring issues related to female wrestling has typically been done so at the national level, and primarily examining gender issues (Khan & Ali, 2011; Macro, Viveiros & Cipriano, 2009; Miller, 2010; Stuart & Whaley, 2005).


Mathematics is the backbone of all scientific disciplines, and journals promote the exchange of ideas and discussions among all scientists. Intended as a handbook for mathematicians and scientists who use mathematics, as well as for academic librarians, this guide provides an overview of English-language publications-including those printed in English but from non-English speaking nations-in the field of mathematics. It will give the interested scholar information about publication and available reading material, as well as assisting librarians in selecting and evaluating the collections in their individual institutions. In addition to mathematical publications, statistical and related computer science journals are covered.


The wetland resources such as biological resources, land resources, water resources and tourism resources et al.in Zhalong natural reserve and Xianghai natural reserve are discussed; and the main common problems such as degradation of wetland, aggravation of pollution and disintegration of habits et al.,which the wetland resources in both of the natural reserves are confronted with are analyzed; on the basis of them, the countermeasures for their sustainable development of Zhalong and Xianghai national natural reserves are put forward.


Since 1949, Kinmen's status and influence in Cross Strait relations changed with the situation of interaction between Taiwan and Mainland. Kinmen island and sea area, Kinmen acted as the frontiers. Along with the relaxation of Cross Strait relations, Taiwan authorities and Kinmen authorities and Kinmen people triggered some arguments on Kinmen's future status and influence. Since the "little three direct links", Kinmen played important role in Cross Strait interations, but still restricted by Taiwan authorities. Along with the realization of three direct links, Kinmen's development and prosperity lies on the closer relations with Xiamen city, Fujian province and the whole Chinese Mainland.


In we argued that the chiral central charge — a topologically protected quantity characterizing the edge theory of a gapped (2+1)-dimensional system — can be extracted from the bulk by using an order parameter called the modular commutator. In this paper, we reveal general properties of the modular commutator and strengthen its relationship with the chiral central charge. First, we identify connections between the modular commutator and conditional mutual information, time reversal, and modular flow. Second, we prove, within the framework of the entanglement bootstrap program, that two topologically ordered media connected by a gapped domain wall must have the same modular commutator in their respective bulk. Third, we numerically calculate the value of the modular commutator for a bosonic lattice Laughlin state for finite sizes and extrapolate to the infinite-volume limit. The result of this extrapolation is consistent with the proposed formula up to an error of about 0 . 7%.


Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Point (HACCP) is a system that identifies hazards to materials, processes, products and prevention ways by controlling the hazard. The D'rent Bakery & Cake was moving in the field of MSME, therefor must be a system that can guarantee and support food safety and quality assurance in the food industry, especially in MSME, namely by implementing the HACCP system. The purpose of this research is to identify the hazards and potential that may arise at every stage of the bread production process in D'rent Bakery & Cake in accordance of the HACCP system, analyzing the implementation of quality control and determining the CCP in the production process Bread at D'rent Bakery & Cake. This research was conducted at MSME the D'rent Bakery & Cake Ponorogo. Data collection i.e. primary data was obtained by observation and interviews. The data analysis technique was dane by using 7 HACCP principles and 12 steps in the implementation of HACCP. This research identifies results in the process of making banana bread from raw materials to become products have same dangers reviewed, including the physical, chemical and biological. In the stage of the production process of banana bread there are 3 processes which are CPP namely the process of mixing bread dough there is a chemical hazard caused by materials contaminated with rust, the process of receiving eggs there is a biological hazard in the form of Salmonella bacteria and the cooling process there is a physical hazard in the form of dust and dirt. The advice from the researchers, were the implementation of HACCP in MSME the D'rent Bakery & Cake can help in fulfilling the quality requirements, increase the consumer confidence and give the vigilance of occurrence of contamination, therefore, they should be carried out internall audit and documented to fulfill the requirements of implementation of HACCP by related management.


We describe here the design, main parameters, and characteristics of a forevacuum-pressure plasma-cathode electron source based on a hollow-cathode discharge. The source generates a continuous focused electron beam with energy up to 30 keV and current up to 300 mA at a pressure of 10–50 Pa. The focused electron beam reaches a maximum power density of 106 W/cm2. The source utility has been demonstrated by its application for processing and cutting of ceramic.


PCR-RFLP was applied to analyze the polymorphism of CSN1S2 gene in 170 goats that comprised of five goat breeds, namely Xinong Saanen dairy goat, Guanzhong dairy goat, Shaannan white goat, Angora goat and Boer goat. A 310 bp -long PCR product was digested with Alw26Ⅰ and demonstrated polymorphism in five goat populations that were all at Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (P0.05). For Xinong Saanen dairy goat, Guanzhong dairy goat, Shaannan white goat, Angora goat and Boer goat, gene heterozygosity/effective allele gene number/Shaanon information entropy/polymorphism information content were 0.1589/1.1889/0.2955/0.1463, 0.4114/1.6981/0.6017/0.5171, 0.1653/1.1980/0.3046/0.1516, 0.0646/1.0691/0.1463/ 0.0625, 0.0541/1.0572/0.1270/ 0.0526, respectively. According to the genetic diversity indexes described above of the five goat breeds, Guanzhong dairy goat had the most abundant genetic diversity and showed high polymorphism, and Xinong Saanen dairy goat and Shaannan white goat were inferior, while Angora goat and Boer goat had the lowest genetic variability.


Buffer traps in GaN RF heterostructure field-effect transistors (HFETs) provide a high dc output resistance on one hand but induce the current collapse effect on the other hand. Here, we show that traps do not merely confine the carriers into the channel, but serve to pin the Fermi level. Only by pinning the Fermi level a high saturated dc output resistance can be obtained in short channel devices. If carriers are confined into the channel by a back-barrier, and no traps are present, then short channel effects still severely reduce the saturated dc output resistance. In addition, we show that the buffer-related current collapse, which manifests as an output conductance under RF or pulse conditions, can straightforwardly be explained by a simple capacitive coupling model between the drain and the channel under the gate. The trapped charge under the gate results in a pulse voltage step-dependent shift in threshold voltage. Based on this picture, current collapse at pulsed condition can be approximately evaluated from dc simulations or from capacitance measurements.


This paper focuses on conditions leading to instability of digitally controlled double three-phase permanent magnet synchronous motors with standard PI controller based voltage source inverters. A first simplified motor model is derived to apprehend the problem. The model is then detailed further to get accurate stability limits. A validation of the analysis is done experimentally on a double star winding permanent magnet synchronous motor. To achieve stability and to fasten the system's dynamic, a new control scheme is proposed, using classical PI controllers with two interconnected inverters.


The increasing number of objectives poses a great challenge upon many-objective optimization algorithms (MaOOAs) when solving many-objective optimization problems (MaOOPs), since it is rather difficult to obtain well-distributed solutions with tight convergence. To efficiently improve the ability of solving MaOOPs, this paper proposes a hierarchical clustering-based cooperative multi-population many-objective optimization algorithm (C2MP-MaOOA). Specifically, a hierarchical clustering-based population division strategy is proposed in C2MP-MaOOA, which is able to effectively optimize different regions of the Pareto front (PF) regardless of its shape, so as to maintain population diversity and accelerate convergence. Any single-objective optimizer can be applied in C2MP-MaOOA to optimize a subpopulation. To comprehensively evaluate the performance of C2MP-MaOOA, it was compared with eight state-of-the-art existing algorithms and two variants of C2MP-MaOOA on 63 MaOOPs selected from DTLZ, MaF, and WFG benchmark suites. The results indicate that C2MP-MaOOA has the best overall performance for each benchmark suite, which demonstrates that C2MP-MaOOA is quite competitive in solving MaOOPs.