—Elderly people with Cognitive impairment have various possible impacts on their psychological, social life, and physical activities. The purpose of this study was to determine factors influencing the elderly people with cognitive impairment. This descriptive study used a cross-sectional approach conducted at the Village Integrated Service Unit of Community Health Center Gandrungmangu II (known as UPTD Puskesmas Gandrungmangu II) by involving108 respondents. Two questionnaires consisting of questionnaire A and B were distributed. Questionnaire A was related to the respondent's demographic characteristics, such as age, gender, education level, diabetes mellitus (DM) history, and hypertension history. Meanwhile, questionnaire B which was related to the Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE) assessed the respondents' cognitive functions. Univariate and Chi Square analysis were employed to analyze the data. There was a significant relationship between age (p-value = 0.003), gender (p-value = 0.002), education level (p-value = 0.00), diabetes mellitus (DM) history (p-value = 0.002), and hypertension history (p-value = 0.05). Nursing care was given to the elderly people with cognitive impairment by considering various factors. A comprehensive assessment was then conducted to reveal those known influencing the elderly people with the decreasing cognitive functions


There are several factors that need to be concern to increase BMT's (Baitul Mal Wat Tamwil) customer loyalty and satisfaction such emotional and rational factors. The emotional factors include the level of customer's religious adherence and product's attribute based on the Sharia principles. While the rational factors include performance's quality as indicated by the services, products varieties and networks support and BMT reputation. The purpose of this study is to identify and find empirical evidence of the emotional factor variables which covers customers religious devotion, Islamic attributes product, performance quality, reputation toward customers loyalty and satisfaction. It also to determine the effect of customers religious devotion, Islamic attribute products, performance quality, reputation on BMT's customer loyalty and satisfaction in the district of Pemalang. Results showed that based on test of coefficient track, which is shown by calculated value conclude that from the 11 tracks in model, 3 of them were proven insignificant namely direct influence of compliance, performance and reputation on customer loyalty. Meanwhile, the influence of adherence, products, and reputation on complacency, and the influence of products and satisfaction to loyalty all have a probability of under 0,10, which means that all variables have an influence on the independent variables.


Hue is one of the few ancient capital cities of the south East Asia that established of the Nguyen dynasty 1802-1945, UNESCO acknowledged the complex of Hue Monuments World Heritage 1993.This reconstruction study considers traditional lacquer painting techniques and methods for the Imperial palace of Hue. A purpose of this study is focus on lacquer paintings, materials, restoration and production system for main architectures through historiography reading and analyzing as following Han Nom documents in the Nguyen dynasty.As a result of reading historiography suggests that could clarify and categorized characteristic of the Nguyen Dynasty's painting techniques for main architectures. �


Abstract Satellites have become essential for routine use in meteorology and environmental monitoring. Fifteen years ago there were perhaps only a dozen or so user stations in the whole of Europe. Today there are nearly 1000 Metcosat stations alone. In addition there are many stations for the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's (NOAA) polar orbiting meteorological satellites and a number of extensive ground networks to distribute these data further. There arc also many specialized processing facilities to extract information from these data. Europe also provides and makes extensive use of satellite data collection facilities to obtain and use environmental data from many remote locations.


Increased type IV collagen expression is a feature in liver metastases of epithelial origin and related to invasiveness of CRC cells in a novel organotypic liver metastatic model


Words with lexical meaning do not express things, symbols, actions, but the concept of them. A concept is a general reflection of a thing-event, sign, action in the objective existence in the mind of a person. The concept summarizes the characteristics characteristic of one type of thing-phenomenon. For example, the concept of a tree, a mountain, a stone combines the common features of all mountains, stones and trees. In fact, there are many types of trees in existence, the amount of which is incalculable. The word "tree" does not refer to one of them, but expresses the general concept of this subject.


The development of new technologies and their application in new producta or processes are essential in today's competitive environment. Companies must make a Strategie decision concerning which new technologies they want to incorporate in their products/processes. Furthermore, they must decide how to acquire these new technologies. In-house research and development (RD Link et al. 1983; Pisano 1991)...


Extreme-UV lithography (EUVL) is the most promising candidate of next generation technology for hp20nm node device manufacturing and beyond, however there are many critical issues to solve in the light source, tools, mask and photo resist. Regarding the development of a photo resist, it is necessary for high volume manufacturing (HVM) to improve LWR, resolution limit and sensitivity. Additionally, concerning about deterioration of a patterning performance by Out-of-Band (OoB) light existing in the EUV light, and contamination problem of exposure tool due to the photo resist outgassing are the key issues which have to be resolved toward HVM by EUVL. Especially, the outgassing problem can become a significant issue for fine patterning under high dose exposure condition. This paper proposes the novel solution for these critical issues with the application of a top coat material which is named OBPL (Outgassing & out-of-Band Protection Layer) on photo resist. The key characteristics of OBPL material are to have a role in protection against the OoB adverse effect to keep up the photo resist performance, to suppress the outgassing from photo resist as a barrier layer and to enhance the lithographic performance such as photo resist profile and process window. In designing the OBPL material, the optical property needs having not only the high absorbance of DUV (Deep-UV) light in OoB range but also high transmittance for 13.5nm wavelength to prevent the sensitivity loss. Furthermore, it is found that the polymer backbone affects the outgassing barrier capability in previous evaluation. Based on these investigations, a state-of-the-art OBPL achieves quite a positive lithographic result with sufficient OoB absorption and outgassing suppression. Moreover, this material has applicability to all types of photo resist including NTD (Negative-Tone Development) process. This paper describes the result of the feasibility study for OBPL and the lithography performance with EUV full field scanner.


More than 10 years have now passed since the publication of directive 2000/60/EC establishing a framework for community action in the field of water policy – the water framework directive (WFD). However, its implementation is still far from complete. Interpretation is ongoing, interrelationships remain to be defined and many questions still have to be answered. This briefing article reviews some recent developments in WFD implementation in England and Wales and also considers ongoing activities at EU level.


The reduction of nitric oxide (NO) by natural gas in simulated conditions of the reburning zone is studied. A detailed chemical kinetic modeling of NO reduction was performed, including 40 species and 165 reversible reactions. The procedure of NO reduction by natural gas is described. Computationally the largest drops in NO occurred in a region where reburning zone stoichiometric ratio was between 0.7 and 0.75, and temperatures were 1500K and 1550K.


Aim:  The effect of activin A on tubulointerstitial fibrosis in diabetic nephropathy (DN) using streptozotocin (STZ)‐induced diabetic rats and high glucose‐cultured HK‐2 cells was investigated.


Raman spectroscopy has been largely used to quantify defects in graphene and other two-dimensional (2D) materials. Here we discuss how Raman spectroscopy can be used to disentangle the information from one-dimensional (1D) and zero dimensional (0D) defects in 2D materials (see Figure 1) [1]. The procedure has been parameterized for graphene using well-controlled reference materials with only 0D [2] or 1D defects [3]. We develop our analysis for the case of tip enhanced Raman spectroscopy (TERS), where we achieve characterization with nanometer resolution (see Figure 2). We compare a massive amount of data obtained with macro, micro and nanoRaman characterization for a comparative analysis.


The recurrence equation solver is used in many numerical applications and other general-purpose applications, but it is inherently a sequential algorithm, so it is difficult to implement the parallel program for it. Recently, GPGPU (General Purpose computing on Graphic Processing Unit) attracts a great deal of attention, which is used for generalpurpose computations like numerical calculations as well as graphic processing. In this paper, we implement a parallel and scalable algorithm for solving recurrence equations on GPUs by using CUDA (Compute Unified Device Architecture) and evaluate its effectiveness. The algorithm was originally implemented for MIMD parallel computers like a PC cluster and an SMP system by the authors and we modify the algorithm suitable for the GPGPU system by rearranging arrays configurations. Keywords-multithreading; tridiagonal solver; GPU; multicore; CUDA I. I NTRODUCTION Recently, the peak performance of GPU (Graphic Processing Unit) has increased very much and outperforms that of general-purpose processors. Since past GPUs consisted of special-purpose hardware, they were used only for graphic processing and image processing. However, recent GPUs like GeForce 8 type of NVIDIA are composed of generalpurpose unified shaders, so by using CUDA (Compute Unified Device Architecture) [1], they are used for generalpurpose processing like numerical calculations as well as graphic processing. Parallel applications having less data dependencies can be easily implemented on GPGPU systems, but complicated data dependencies prevent an optimal implementation of applications on GPGPU systems because we must carefully select which data should be kept in a small but fast memory. Linear first-order recurrence equations are expressed as wi = si × wi−1 + ti , but these cannot be parallelized straightforwardly by dividing domains because the value of wi is determined by using wi−1. The recurrence equations are used frequently on many applications like Gauss elimination, the tridiagonal matrix solver and DPCM (Differential PulseCode Modulation) codec, so it is very important to implement the recurrence equation solver on GPGPU systems in order to achieve a high performance [11], [12]. In this paper, we modify the parallel algorithm of recurrence equations "P-scheme" suitable for GPGPU system and we evaluate the performance comparison of our methods on GPU and CPU. Note that P-scheme has been developed for distributed memory computers by the authors [2]. The rest of this paper is organized as follows: Section 2 presents the P-scheme algorithm and Section 3 summarizes the prior arts related to our method. Section 4 presents the experimental method and discusses the results and Section 5 concludes this paper with a summary. II. RECURRENCE EQUATIONS A. Tridiagonal system of equations P-scheme is an algorithm that solves a recurrence equation in parallel. Our purpose is to parallelize a solver for the following tridiagonal system of equations of A×x= c where A is a tridiagonal matrix withN×N elements andx and c are vectors withN elements. The system is given by x0 = c0 (1) −bi ·xi−1 +ai ·xi −bi ·xi+1 = ci (1≤ i ≤ N−2) (2) xN−1 = cN−1 (3) where arraysa andb are elements of matrixA and arrayc is given in advance, array x is an unknown variable and N is the number of elements of the arrays. B. P-scheme It is known that the system given by Equations (1), (2) and (3) can be deterministically solved by Gaussian elimination, which utilizes two auxiliary arraysp andq. p0 = 0, q0 = c0 (4) pi = bi ai −bi · pi−1 , qi = ci +bi ·qi−1 ai −bi · pi−1 (5) xi = xi+1 · pi +qi (6) The above procedure consists of a forward substitution (Equation (5)) and a backward substitution (Equation (6)). However, on parallel computers, the procedure cannot be straightforwardly parallelized due to the data dependency 32 Copyright (c) IARIA, 2012. ISBN: 978-1-61208-217-2 FUTURE COMPUTING 2012 : The Fourth International Conference on Future Computational Technologies and Applications


PureB silicon photodiode technology is distinguished by enabling nm-shallow junction depths that bring the light-sensitive region right up to the Si surface. Robust light-entrance windows can be made from as little as a layer of 2-nm-thick pure boron while obtaining low dark currents. The understanding that these attractive properties are due to the creation of a layer of fixed negative charge when boron is deposited on silicon is supported by extensive experimental observations some of which will be reviewed in this paper. For example, PureB p+n-like diodes with equally attractive I-V characteristics can be fabricated with boron layers deposited in the temperature range from 700°C down to 400°C, at which temperature no doping of the bulk Si can be expected. A number of electrical test structures, specifically developed to study the behavior of as-deposited PureB junctions will be discussed along with experiments designed to investigate the influence of post-processing steps, in particular thermal/laser annealing steps. The experiments show that post-processing can degrade the interface and cause an increase in the otherwise ideal diode saturation current even in situations where the interface is replaced by ultrashallow p+-doped bulk Si regions.


Heritage interpretation, like heritage conservation, is a complex of theory, practice, skills, resources and people. Nonetheless, it is not uncommon among heritage people who are not involved in developing or delivering interpretation to think of it merely in terms of the end product: the signage, the multimedia theatrette, the guides. Archaeologists tremble at the possibility of interpretation installations damaging vulnerable fabric. Architects quiver if the integrity of a site could be threatened by intrusive information sources. Historians suspect that stories will be trivialised for public consumption. Managers may contemplate the cost of interpretation and conclude that it is a low priority in the recurrent budget. It is usually only at the sharp end of delivering interpretation - which means the perspective of the practising interpreter - that the professional apparatus of the heritage business begins to think about the visitors/audiences/participants/clients/consumers for whom interpretation is devised and offered. This paper is grounded in the belief that interpretation is the front-line between heritage resources and the public, and that visitors desire many and different things in their encounters with heritage. Effective interpretation must therefore put visitors at the centre of site or agency planning to secure strategic public support and realise the fundamental cultural objectives of heritage conservation.


A field experiment was conducted on sandy clay loam soil during kharif and rabi of 2008-09 and 2009-10. There were 3 wheat - based cropping systems (maize -wheat, groundnut - wheat and clusterbean –wheat) and 3 treatments (100 % NPK, 100 % NPKS and 100 % NPKSZn) applied to kharif crops, in the main plots and 3 fertilizer (75, 100 and 125 % NPK to wheat) in the sub-plots, was laid out in split plot design with 3 replications. Groundnut – wheat cropping system as well as 100 % NPKSZn to kharif crops significantly higher wheat- grain equivalent yield (7118 kg/ha) and (7019 kg/ha) and available N, P and K of soil. Successive increase in fertility levels up to 125 % NPK significantly increased wheat – grain equivalent yield (7063 kg/ha) and available N, P, K and Zn while available S decreased significantly with successive increase in fertility levels up to 125 % NPK. Balance sheet of nutrients indicated maximum deficit of nitrogen (-108.48 kg/ha) and sulphur (-37.06 kg/ha) in groundnut – wheat cropping system and potassium deficit (-164.33 kg/ha) in maize – wheat cropping system. Maximum deficits of N (-58.28 kg/ha) and K (-177.50 kg/ha) and positive zinc balance (+11.281 kg/ha) were recorded under 100 % NPKSZn. Application of 125 % NPK to wheat recorded maximum positive balance of N (+17.02 kg/ha) and P (+122.76 kg/ha) but maximum deficits of K (-153.23 kg/ha) and S (-32.63 kg/ha), Maximum zinc balance (+3.462 kg/ha) was observed under 75% NPK. Groundnut – wheat cropping system recorded maximum positive balances of available N (+30.08 kg/ha) and P (+4.08 kg/ha).


A detailed study on the synergistic effects of phosphate ionic liquids (ILs) and rust inhibitor (octadecylaminen‐oleoyl sarcosinate (T711)) in the complex lithium grease (G) at room temperature and 100°C is presented in this paper. The results indicate that the hybrid additives (T711‐ILs‐G) showed better friction‐reducing and antiwear properties than single additives (T711‐G and ILs‐G). In the case of T711‐ILs‐G, the presence of T711 can prevent rustiness of the worn surface so the ILs can easily react with the exposed substrate surface and form tribological films on the sliding surfaces.


Excess dietary sodium has been linked to the development of high blood pressure (BP) and other cardiovascular diseases (CVD) and recently shown to effect endothelial function independently of BP. However, it is unknown whether sodium consumption impacts endothelial function differently in males (M) and females (F). Given the varying habitual intake of sodium, we sought to fix sodium using a controlled diet study. Therefore, the aim of this study was to test the hypothesis that endothelial‐dependent dilation (EDD) would be lower in M as compared to F on a controlled sodium diet set at the recommended intake for Americans. 16 M (29±2 y; BMI 23.8±0.7 kg/m2) and 12 F (31±3 y; 24.3±0.7 kg/m2) completed the study. All subjects were apparently healthy and free of CVD. Subjects consumed a eucaloric diet providing 100 mmol/d of sodium for 7 days. On day 7 of the diet, 24‐hr mean arterial pressure (MAP) was recorded, and blood and urine were collected. EDD was assessed by brachial artery flow‐mediated dilation. Urinary sodium excretion was not different between M and F (81.4±7.7 vs. 93.9±22.8 mmol/24hr, p > 0.05) while 24‐hr MAP was higher in M (88±1 vs. 82±1.3; p<0.05). EDD was significantly lower in M than F (7.0±0.8% vs. 10.4±1.2%; p < 0.05). These data demonstrate that M have a lower EDD than F at the recommended intake of sodium. Future research should focus on exploring the mechanisms underlying this difference.


As Francis stresses, in religious terms images of childhood convey a sense of 'believing and belonging'. these aspects are of great importance in Christianity as a faith community. in the first two chapters the author reviews 'the image of the child' in the Graeco-roman world and in Judaism. here the interdisciplinary character of the work is apparent in its use of the studies of many classical historians, and particularly of research in the area of social aspects of life in antiquity. the subsequent chapters cover the major part of the New testament in a comparative way, looking for parallels and differences between the major figures and authors of the New testament and the non-Christian society in antiquity. Francis finds that the imagery of childhood is important in the life of the church for at least two reasons: first, it is constitutive for the idea of discipleship (and that of belonging to a faith community) irrespective of age; secondly, Jesus himself bound childhood and the Kingdom of God together. Jesus's teaching and person is given a prominent place in the discussion: chapter 3 deals with the theme 'Childhood and Jesus' and the final chapter (ch. 8) reviews texts concerning Jesus's own childhood. Chapters 4 to 7 cover major types of writings in the New testament: the four Gospels (ch. 4), paul (ch. 5), the Letter to the hebrews (ch. 6), and 1 peter (ch. 7). At the end a very useful 'Glossary of Child terminology' lists many biblical occurrences of the various Greek words related to the theme of 'children'.


This study aims to analyze the information seeking and information sharing behavior of child caretakers in Brgy. Timugan, Los Banos, Laguna, Philippines and how these affect their choice of health service providers on treatment of measles among their children. Data collected from questionnaires were described and analyzed using frequency counts, mean and percentages, and relationships of variables were tested using Cramer's V test. Findings showed that majority of the child caretakers were female, belonged to 20-40 years age bracket, married, high school or college graduate with monthly income ranging from Php 5,000 to Php 20,000. The family size was relatively small with at least 1-2 children. The child caretakers were found to be (1) knowledgeable on basic information about measles, such as its symptoms, complications, and danger signs; (2) aware of the importance of vaccination in preventing measles; and (3) sought basic information on prevention, complication, and treatment of measles from Brgy. Health Centers, and private hospital was their topmost health service provider. They sought information only if their child had been infected with measles and shared information sought to their family members through face-to-face communication. Information seeking behavior was related to their monthly income, civil status, and number of children. Keywords: Information seeking, information sharing, measles treatment, seeking and sharing behavior Cite as: Perez, J.J.E., & Torres, C.S. (2017). Information seeking and sharing behavior on treatment of measles among child caretakers in Timugan, Los banos, Laguna, Philippines. Journal of Nusantara Studies, 2 (1), 134-145.  http://dx.doi.org/10.24200/jonus.vol2iss1pp134-145


The invention discloses a straw type beef cattle complete pellet feed which is prepared from corn, bean pulp, cottonseed meal, corn distillers' grains, wheat bran, flour, brewer's grains, straws, apple pomace, sucrose, salt, calcium hydrophosphate, calcium powder, baking soda, magnesium oxide, a yeast culture, a sweetening agent, rumen-protected methionine, multivitamin, a microelement additive, a complex enzyme preparation and monensin. The straw type beef cattle complete pellet feed can feed beef cattle in a fattening period, has balanced dietary nutrition so as to completely meet the production demands of beef cattle, greatly increases the digestive utilization of fibrous raw materials such as straw, ensures the normal physiological function of rumen of the beef cattle, and meanwhile greatly reduces the feeding program of farmers and increases the production efficiency. Thus, the straw type beef cattle complete pellet feed has a large market demand and an economic benefit. Meanwhile, the straw is changed into wealth through reasonable nutritional match and a special preparation mode, so that the complete pellet feed has a relatively high social value.


In this paper, we propose a method to integrate the results of different cover song identification algorithms into one single measure which, on the average, gives better results than initial algorithms. The fusion of the different distance measures is made by projecting all the measures in a multi-dimensional space, where the dimensionality of this space is the number of the considered distances. In our experiments, we test two distance measures, namely the Dynamic Time Warping and the Qmax measure when applied in different combinations to two features, namely a Salience feature and a Harmonic Pitch Class Profile (HPCP). While the HPCP is meant to extract purely harmonic descriptions, in fact, the Salience allows to better discern melodic differences. It is shown that the combination of two or more distance measure improves the overall performance.


Preface 1. The British Economy 1870-1913: the Descent from Hegemony 2. The British Economy in the 1920s: Growth and Stagnation 3. The British Economy in the 1930s: Recovery on the Dole 4. The Second World War and Its Aftermath: the Bankrupt State 5. The British Economy since 1951: the Political Economy of Failure


Human being as human resource represent labour if only evaluated from its just physical. With all ability of his physical try to fulfill requirement of his life by taking benefit around its environment. Human resource in an organization represent top-drawer determinant to effectiveness of labour capacity and organization. The succes in work area in organization determined by interest storey, professionalism and his work which is Wiraraja. University of Wiraraja as organization is non profit need ability to accept and adapt to various friction and change of environment/climate, passing management of SDM capable to esteem human being standing and prestige. In approach of SDM mean all and every organization have to can create satisfaction and security in working (Quality of Work Life) brief of QWL, so that his environmental SDM become competitif. Research Type is used in this research is qualitative research. By using qualitative method, researcher involve direct and continue to have interaction with source of data so that operation of Human Resource data at Employees University of Wiraraja Structural Shares can know clearly. Result of research can be concluded that recruitment of officer candidate in University of Wiraraja at order officer of Year 2015 with conditions of public and conditions of administration which consist in officer order section 12 article 1 and 2. Training and development of officer have been budgeted by Foam Proffering of Budget (direct guarded DIPA) by Bureau Financial Administration ( BAKU) but training amount still minim and officer in evaluation by each head of satker, but follow-up result of evaluation still discipline, but position/occupation promotion even increase of officer salary still conducted at a time per annum non seeing from performance, dedication, its officer achievement and also loyalities . Keyword : Operation of Human Resource, Labour Capacity


The report presents a brief historical overview of the founding and development of the federal state budgetary institution V. Serbsky Federal Medical Research Center for Psychiatry and Narcology of the Ministry of Health of Russia. There is a description of its current status and outlines the prospects for development given in this article. It is shown how for 95 years the institution has evolved from a small specialized hospital to a major research center of an international level


Introduction of high rigid biphenyl structure can effectively improve the heat resistance of epoxy resin(wet),melt viscosity properties,epoxy value and melting range,Research works concerning the synthesis of epory resin were mature.Now the preparation of epoxy resin with biphenyl structure/clay nanocomposites has become the new hot spot.Our results showed that the mass fraction of clay affected the mechanical properties such as tensile strength,flexural modulus and impact strength significantly.When the mass fraction was less than 10%,a better performance and a higher glass transition temperature were observed.


This research aims to quantify human reactions to short impulsive noise bursts with a rattle element, to complement research at NASA Langley Research Center on evaluating human response inside buildings to low-level sonic booms. While previous research has demonstrated effects of noise bursts of varying amplitudes on assorted cognitive tasks, more information is needed to indicate at what level and to what degree such noise bursts may impact human performance and perception. It is also thought that the addition of rattle, produced from the noise burst exciting assorted elements inside the building, could prove more detrimental to human responses than noise bursts alone. Seventeen participants each completed twelve 30-min sessions during which they were subjected to controlled yet randomly occurring 250 ms broadband noise bursts, either with or without a rattle component, while completing an arithmetic task utilizing working memory. Four different levels of noise bursts, from 55 to 70 dBA, were tested; acc...


This article studies poverty among self-employed businesspeople in a rich country, Belgium. Existing research on self-employment income, compared with income of employees, has made clear that self-employed have a higher probability of falling in the lowest income groups and that there is a distinct self-employment effect. Our findings for Belgium show that approximately one quarter of those who are self-employed in their main occupation are living below the poverty line. We also confirm findings reported in the literature that income distribution among self-employed people is very unequal. It appears from our qualitative findings that poverty among self-employed businesspeople is something distinct from other forms of poverty. Several factors can cause self-employed businesspeople to end up in poverty. As a result, poverty is a multifaceted problem. Policy recommendations are formulated to prevent and combat poverty among self-employed businesspeople.


Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to study how job flexibility influences job satisfaction among Mexican professionals, and focus on the role of key socio-cultural moderators relevant to Mexican society.

Design/methodology/approach
The paper explore how this relationship may be more important for women, employees with dependents such as children and elder parents and younger generations of professionals (e.g. Millennials).

Findings
The authors find that job flexibility is positively related to job satisfaction. This relationship is stronger for employees without dependents, as well as for younger generations of professionals (e.g. Millennials). Surprisingly, the relationship between job flexibility and job satisfaction does not differ by gender. The findings explain why job flexibility is more conductive to job satisfaction for employees without dependents, who tend to belong to younger generations.

Originality/value
Overall, the findings present important implications for managing job flexibility in Mexico and other Latin American countries, particularly for younger professionals.


and fetal growth retardation (OR=2.77, 95% C.I: 1.78-4.30). Conclusion: High level serum Inhibin-A in the increases the odds of preeclampsia, preterm birth, retardation, and low birth weight; however, it does not effect on cesarean section.


Intrarenal arteriovenous (A-V) fistula associated with Wilms' tumor is extremely rare and is an unusual cause of congestive heart failure in infancy and childhood. In a recent review of 440 children with Wilms' tumor, Miller et al.1 did not find a single case of A-V fistula; nor did Gomes and Bernatz2 find any Wilms' tumors in 139 patients with various forms of A-V fistula. Results of angiographic studies in children with Wilms' tumor are at marked variance as to the occurrence of A-V fistula. Whereas Hidai et al.3 and others4-6 did not find a single patient in whom Wilms' tumor was associated with intrarenal A-V fistula, Cremin et al.7 and Meng and Elkin8 reported such an association in two of 13 and one of 6 children, respectively.


ABSTRACT With the advent of digital media and social media platforms, the speed of innovation and technology adoption in campaigns have increased tremendously. At the same time, the campaign environment and its rules are in constant flow, as platform logics, party operations, and voter alignments both reflect and create instability in many political systems. Additionally, disinformation, foreign interference in campaigns, hyper-partisan media ecologies, and hyperactive users have all created changes in opinion climates. In light of these developments, and building on the theoretical concept of increasingly disrupted and dissonant public spheres (developed by Barbara Pfetsch and Lance Bennett), this special issue seeks to expand research on campaigning beyond assumptions of well-functioning political systems, to better understand the erosion of institutional legitimacy and trust, and their effects on communication processes. The special issue is organized within two conceptual approaches. The first cluster of manuscripts observes how political candidates, organizations, and parties optimize their behaviour within the dissonant political environment. The second part examines responses, perceptions, and consequences of the disrupted environment on the public. Finally, four integrated forum essays look into how dissonant public spheres may disturb democratic processes, discuss the role of data-driven campaigning, and address how limited access to platform data affects our understanding of dissonant public spheres.


Simple Summary Triatoma infestans is the main vector of the Chagas disease transmission and has been for years one of the main sanitary problems in Bolivia, particularly for the movement between isolated population to the urban areas. In the following research, we analyze the pattern of biological adaptation of this vector species from two different areas in Bolivia (areas of the Bolivian Chaco with the inter-Andean valleys). Using advanced geometric morphometric tools, it was possible to unravel T. infestans morphological variation and understand the biological adaptation of this important insect species. Abstract Morphometrics has been used on Triatomines, a well-known phenotypically variable insect, to understand the process of morphological plasticity and infer the changes of this phenomenon. The following research was carried out in two regions of the inter-Andean valleys and two Chaco regions of Chuquisaca-Bolivia. Triatoma infestans adults were collected from the peridomestic (pens and chicken coops) along a geographic gradient in order to evaluate the morphological differentiation between groups and their pattern of sexual shape dimorphism. Geometric morphometric methods were applied on the wings and heads of T. infestans. The main findings include that we proved sexual dimorphism in heads and wings, determined the impact of environmental factors on size and shape and validated the impact of nutrition on head shape variation. These results show that geometric morphometric procedures can be used to provide key insight into the biological adaptation of T. infestans on different biotic (nutrition) and abiotic (environment) conditions, which could serve in understanding and evaluating infestation processes and further vector control programs.


In order to analyze the applicability of the spectral wave model used in the design wave parameters calculation,the calculation of design wave parameter on Yangtze River estuary was taken as an example in this paper.Firstly,chart data and the Yangtze Delta estuary terrain data were used to establish a numerical wave model(MIKE21-SW module),and the model was verified by the real-time field data process at ESP(East of South Passage) marine station during cold spell.Then wind data at weather station near the Yangtze Estuary was analyzed,and design wave velocity on chosen waters was selected.At last,on the basis of model feasibility,design wave parameters were calculated on specific waters.


Abstract Four popular spices black pepper (Piper nigrum L.), cumin (Cuminum cyminum L.), coriander (Coriandrum sativum L.) and cardamom (Elettaria cardamomum) were analyzed for their oil composition by GC-MS. Thirty compounds were identified in the black pepper oil and the main components were β-caryophyllene (20.225 %), sabinene (18.054 %), limonene (16.924 %), α-pinene (9.171 %) and α-phellandrene (5.968 %). Twenty five compounds were identified in the cumin oil – cuminaldehyde (30.834 %), 3-caren-10-al (17.223 %), β-pinene (14.837 %), γ–terpinene (11.928 %), 2-caren-10-al (8.228 %) and pcymene (6.429 %). Twenty nine compounds were identified in the coriander oil – β-linalool (58.141 %), α-pinene (8.731 %), γ-terpinene (6.347 %) and p-cymene (5.227 %). Twenty nine compounds were identified in the cardamom oil – α-terpinyl acetate (39.032 %), eucalyptol (31.534 %), β-linalool (4.829 %), sabinene (4.308 %) and α-terpineol (4.127 %). The antimicrobial activity of essential oils against pathogenic (Escherichia coli ATCC 25922, Escherichia coli ATCC 8739, Salmonella sp. (clinical isolate), Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 6538P, Proteus vulgaris G) microorganisms by disc-diffusion method was examined. Gram-positive bacteria were more sensitive to the oils (inhibition zones being between 8 and 12.5 mm) and the minimum inhibitory concentration was more than 600 ppm; Gram-negative bacteria were less sensitive. The obtained essential oils are suitable for use as biopreservative agents.


Cavity ring-down spectroscopy has proven to be a very sensitive gas-phase spectroscopic technique, suitable to record either very weak transitions of abundant gases or stronger transitions of trace gases. Here, an adaptation of the ring-down measurement principle to optical waveguides is presented. Fiber-loop ring-down spectroscopy (FLRDS) allows for the measurement of absorption spectra of minute quantities of liquid solutions. An optical fiber is wound into a loop using a fiber splice connector. A nanosecond laser light pulse (λ∼810 nm) is coupled into the loop and the light pulses are detected using a photomultiplier detector. It is found that once the light is coupled into the fiber it experiences very little loss and the light pulses do a large number of round trips before their intensity is below the detection threshold. The characteristic ring-down time is obtained by exponential fitting of the envelope of the wave form. This method is well suited to characterize low-loss processes in fiber optic t...


– This article aims to discuss the potential of robots to assist the disabled and the elderly and to highlight some of the associated ethical issues. , – Following an introduction, this considers robotic wheelchairs and exoskeletons, companion robots, assistive robots and household robots. This is followed by a short discussion of the ethical issues associated with their use. , – This shows that many types of robots are available or under development which seek to aid the disabled and the elderly. Various as yet unresolved ethical issues have been raised regarding their use, most notably the potential problems arising from a reduction in human interactions. , – In an era characterised by a growing elderly population, this article provides a timely review of robots aimed at assisting the elderly and disabled and gives some consideration of the ethical issues surrounding their use.


Almost all the organic nitrogen of the diet takes the form of amino acids (protein) which have three major fates in the body: a) to provide material for synthesis and maintenance of body proteins, b) to act as precursors of many nonprotein nitrogenous compounds (e. g., nucleic acids), and c) degradation of the excess. The regulation of protein metabolism achieves a balance between these processes which is disturbed by malnutrition and by injury. The regulation of the amount of protein in the body and its compartments is an important feature of protein metabolism. Factors controlling the protein content of the body and of individual tissues during growth and in the adult include amino acid supply, anabolic and catabolic hormones, and intracellular regulatory factors determining cell function at different periods of life. This short review will discuss the regulation of protein metabolism with special emphasis on man. For a general survey, see MUNRO & ALLISON ( 1964) and MUNRO ( 1969, 1970).


In this paper we study, at different levels of generality, certain systems of delay differential equations (DDE). One focus and motivation is a system with state-dependent delay (SD-DDE) that has been formulated to describe the maturation of stem cells. We refer to this system as the cell SD-DDE. In the cell SD-DDE, the delay is implicitly defined by a threshold condition. The latter is specified by the time at which the (also implicitly defined) solution of an external nonlinear ordinary differential equation (ODE), which is parametrised by a component of the SD-DDE, meets a given threshold value. We focus on the dynamical properties global asymptotic stability (GAS) of the zero equilibrium, persistence and dissipativity/ultimate boundedness.


Production of Parapsyche cardis Ross and Diplectrona modesta Banks was estimated in two first-order southern Appalachian streams. One stream drains a natural undisturbed hardwood watershed and the other a watershed subjected to several disturbances, including clearcutting. Since 1968 the latter has been allowed to undergo natural succession. Both hydropsychid species were univoltine in each stream. Production estimates were higher for both species in the stream draining the disturbed watershed. This was attributed to: (1) More suitable habitat in the disturbed watershed consisting primarily of rock face habitat with large amounts of moss; (2) Higher densities of prey species in the disturbed watershed; and, (3) Potentially enhanced food quality resulting from a 200 fold greater NO3-N concentration in the disturbed stream. The estimates of animal food consumption required to support the combined production of P. cardis and D. modesta were 11.59 and 3.33 g/m2/yr on the disturbed and undisturbed watersheds respectively. These two species use <0.019% and <0.0063% of the total organic seston passing over each m2/yr on the disturbed and undisturbed watersheds respectively. However, estimates of animal tissue consumption are several times higher than the invertebrate drift from each watershed. The latter suggests that the major impact of these net spinners is on the animal fraction of the seston.


In finite dimensional space form a bounded open domain,we study some open convex subsets and it's topology,then give a complete metric space.


Susceptivity of E.coli to 27 traditional Chinese herbal medicine was investigated with plate method. The results showed that 14 traditional Chinese herbal medicine have different inhibition effect on E.coli in vitro .The results also showed different process and combination make a difference and different Chinese medicines could be used in singles or combined to treat colibacillosis.traditional Chinese herbal medicine and medicines showed different sensitivity to E.coli.


Submicron CMOS VLSI wafer product yield problems were correlated with a high p+ contact resistance in an Al/TiN/Ti/TiSi2/Si structure. Electrical measurements of contact resistance kelvin (non-interface) versus (interface) contact test structures were used to isolate the high resistance path. Secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS) analysis showed good correlation between the Ti to TiSi2 formation and different anneal conditions. The analysis also showed a strong relationship between TiSi2 formation and p+ surface concentration and junction depth. Deeper boron penetration into the silicon will occur with incomplete silicide penetration. The analytical data showed the changes in processing necessary to eliminate the resistance problem and achieve high dopant surface concentration and the desired junction depth.


A method of adjusting penetrometer measurements so as to express soil porosity conditions is presented. The best simple function giving high correlations with macroporosity in the Decatur clay and the sandy clay subsoil of Greenville fine sandy loam was log (ϑH¹/²) where ϑ was field moisture percentage and H the hammer blows required to cut a soil core. The hardness function can be used to estimate macroporosity and compares favorably with the latter in relationship to depth of rooting, growth, and height of cotton plants.


562Background: Patients with muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC) that underwent neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) prior to radical cystectomy (RC) show improved overall survival. Those with a pathol...


In Chili there are recently attempts to respect the needs of the indigenous cultures in the public health sector. Several initiatives aim to bring western medicine and practices of the Mapuche people together, but a general recognition and appreciation of indigenous concepts of desease and healing methods seems to remain a future project. The following article reports on the daily experiences of the Mapuche (see box) with the chilean health system in contrast to their own cultural models and methods. There are examples given for the confrontation of the two, but also for ways to use the richness of both systems.


Purpose. The purpose of the research is to develop a cognitive model of the behaviour of the social and economic system, which explains the causal mechanism between the development of the financial and public sectors using the concept of trust.

Methodology of research. The research utilized general scientific methods, including dialectical analysis and synthesis, to determine the main variables of the model. The fuzzy Delphi method was employed to transform linguistic variables and determine the weight of each variable. FCM analysis facilitated the translation of the complex model's graphical representation into a mathematical form of the adjacency matrix, enabling algebraic calculations to identify various structural characteristics of the built model of multi-channel intersectoral transfer of behavioural attractors for macroeconomic stability of the country in the Mental Modeler software.

Findings. The study identified 21st concepts related to the functioning of the financial and public sectors of the economy, enabling the construction of a cognitive map illustrating the cause-and-effect relationships between financial and public sectors within the context of trust among social and economic and behavioural variables. The research found that government policies, central bank policies, and exchange rate stability have the greatest impact on macroeconomic stability. On the other hand, concepts such as financial literacy, positive previous experience, saving time spent on service provision, and service failure are easily manageable but do not have a significant impact on macroeconomic stability. Trust in the financial sector and the government were proven to be key variables in ensuring macroeconomic stability, but also extremely difficult to manage.

Originality. The study proposes a simulation model of the multi-channel intersectoral transfer of behavioural attractors for the macroeconomic stability of a country, considering the simultaneous influence of trust in the government and trust in the financial sector.
Practical value. Weighty concepts based on research results can be useful for domestic scenarios of ensuring financial and macroeconomic stability in the country. Also, the results are of scientific value for further research and exploration.
Key words: trust in the financial sector, trust in the government, macroeconomic stability, financial stability, simulation modelling, Delphi method, Mental Modeler


An experimental investigation was made of the properties of an unstable mirror resonator with field rotation using cw and pulsed CO2 lasers. It was found that the field density in a laser with a transverse relaxing active-medium flow can be equalized using an unstable resonator with field rotation (URFR). The first results of an experiment involving the bidding of a URFR with an output beam having a compact cross-sectional profile are reported.


Enhancing students' employability is increasingly being recognised as a priority for Higher Education Institutions. The aim was to develop an online resource to extend employability provision for taught postgraduate (PGT) students. I-SEE was piloted utilising the virtual learning environment in 41 PGT students within the Division of Applied Health Sciences. Students completed a self-assessment of employability skills. Automated responses provided tailored feedback identifying development areas and signposting to appropriate support. Students were required to record and reflect on their progress using an e-portfolio and identify their own skills and attributes to use within future employment applications. Selfrated skills did not seem to reflect scores achieved in assessments and engagement in reflection was poor. Students seemed divided in their opinions of impact and usefulness according to previous experiences. Practical problems were identified and ways to improve engagement were suggested. It is hoped to extend the resource to other postgraduate programmes.


A number of languages in northwest Mexico, for which we have little or no linguistic data, became extinct in the early colonial period. Most of the extant languages in this area are Uto-Aztecan, and thus it is often assumed that many or most of the extinct languages were also Uto-Aztecan: a reasonable assumption, but one which does not automatically make them Uto-Aztecan. The problem has received passing attention from a number of scholars, with a tendency for one scholar to utilize (with or without full citation) the results of an earlier one without careful checking. I reviewed the situation recently, while preparing a paper on Uto-Aztecan (Miller, forthcoming b). It became clear that one of the few (perhaps the only one) to evaluate the original sources carefully was Sauer (1934). It would do no harm to reexamine the original materials, but this would require a look at archival material in a number of places, a task for which I have neither the means nor taste. But a careful reexamination of Sauer's article proved rewarding. This note is based principally on that work, along with an occasional look at other material.


Multiple system atrophy (MSA) is a degenerative disease manifesting a combination of parkinsonism, cerebellar, pyramidal, and autonomic (including urinary, sexual, and anorectal) dysfunction. It is pathomorphologically defined, but lacks a definitive clinical diagnostic test. Sphincter electromyography (EMG), reflecting Onuf's nucleus degeneration, has been proposed as a helpful test; its value has been reevaluated by a critical review of the literature.


ABSTRACT International Joint Ventures (IJVs) have become an important means of market entry for many firms, particularly those seeking entry into Asia (Lin and Germain, 1999). As such, it is important to understand what causes some IJVs to fail and others to succeed. This study examines the relationship between partners' needs, commitment, control, and conflict between the IJV partners in a developing country of South East Asia. The findings revealed that IJV inter-party conflict was significantly influenced by all three variables, namely, partners' needs, commitment and control thereby providing support for previous research in a different national setting.


THIS PAPER IS not concerned with Chinese logic as a part of technical Chinese philosophy, but, rather, with the ways in which some elementary logical notions find expression in the Chinese language. Therefore, I shall not touch upon the numerous paradoxes found in the Canon of the Way and Virtue (Tao-td Ching) of Lao Tzii, or such questions as to whether the whiteness of a white horse is the same as the whiteness of white


Parametric synthesis of zoom-afocal optical systems for zooms. Development of an algorithm for overall calculation of three-component zoom-afocal systems taking into account their overall limitations, ensuring the required range of change in angular magnification and field of view of the zoom lens, admissible vignetting of extreme beams of rays when changing the field of view in the entire specified range. Synthesis of an afocal system for a fixed lens, the entrance pupil of which is behind the afocal system. Creation of a universal analytical and suitable for computer automation algorithm for calculating the optical and dimensional parameters of the components of zoom-afocal three-component zoom systems. The zoom-afocal system is represented by thin components. A system of equations is created in which the distances between the components are unknown. The values of these distances are determined from the equations, which provide the required values of the angular magnification and zero optical power of the afocal system. At the same time, the values of the optical powers of the components and their ratio should ensure positive values of the distances between them. Using the formulas for the angles and heights of zero rays on the components of the system and taking into account the permissible vignetting of the beam from the edge of the field of view, the required light diameters of the components are determined. The obtained analytical dependencies make it possible to determine the focal distances of its components and their relative location over the entire range of the desired change in angular magnification based on the initial data on the admissible longitudinal and transverse dimensions of the afocal system. It was established that the afocal system has a maximum axial length at an angular magnification of one. The first component needs the largest light diameter. The diameter of this component reaches its largest value when the angular increase approaches unity. The obtained results make it possible to analytically carry out a parametric synthesis of three-component zoom-afocal systems, taking into account the requirements for their dimensions, the range of changes in the angular magnification and the permissible vignetting of the beam beams from the edge of the field of view.


Data privacy/personal data has drawn a lot of attention from people in sectors of commerce, technology, real time data processing, information technology and the banking industry. With the adoption of the European Union General Data Protection Regulation (EU GDPR) data privacy policies must be modified to meet the new requirements. It is estimated that more than 50must modify business practices to meet the requirement (www.inc.com, 2018) The days of collecting data and selling it without easy-to-read user consent is no longer allowed under GDPR. Data portability allowing users to request a report of data stored about them in a readable format, becomes a key concern for companies such as Google, Yahoo, Microsoft, Amazon and others.


A simple cell, consisting of two insulated wire electrodes placed in a PTFE tube through which the test gaseous phase flows, has been applied to capacitively coupled contactless conductometric detection (C4D) and determination of water vapour in the air, to examine the possibilities of the use of C4D for analyses of gaseous samples. It has been found that the measurement is sufficiently sensitive and reliable for determinations of common concentrations of water in the air. The dynamic characteristics and the signal stability demonstrate that the cell will be suitable for long-term continuous monitoring of the air humidity. Qualitative tests indicate that vapours of organic solvents can also be monitored. To the authors knowledge, this is the first attempt to use C4D in gas analyses.


In this study we aimed to produce AZ63 magnesium alloys containing different amounts of CaO, to investigate the nanohardness behaviour of the resulting alloys. These alloys were produced by mechanical alloying under argon atmosphere. Magnesium based alloys with the initial CaO content of 0.1%, 0.3%, and 0.5% were produced by highenergy ball milling, followed by process that involved cold pressing and sintering. These alloys were characterized using scanning electron microscopy, scanning probe microscopy, X-ray diffraction, and nanoindentation methods. Unloading segments of nanoindentation curves were analyzed using Oliver-Pharr method. Experimental results show that measured nanohardness exhibits a peak load dependence. As a result, in these alloys the microstructure and nanohardness depend on the content of CaO.


This article gives a generalization of a theorem of Ryll and Wojtaszczyk on the existence of a sequence of homogeneous polynomials , , in variables with degree for which 0,$ SRC=http://ej.iop.org/images/0025-5734/54/2/A07/tex_sm_2977_img5.gif/>where is the sphere in -dimensional complex space.Bibliography: 11 titles.


Haemolytic uraemic syndrome (HUS) is characterized by microangiopathic haemolytic anaemia, thrombocytopenia and renal failure because of thrombotic microangiopathy (TMA). It may be caused by infection with Shiga toxin‐producing enteropathic bacteria (Stx‐associated HUS) or with genetic defects in complement alternative pathway (CAP) regulation (atypical HUS). We hypothesized that defective complement regulation could increase host susceptibility to Stx‐associated HUS. Hence, we studied the response of mice with heterozygous deficiency of the major CAP regulator, factor H, to purified Stx‐2. Stx‐2 was administered together with lipopolysaccharide to wild‐type and Cfh+/− C57BL/6 animals. Forty‐eight hours after administration of the first Stx‐2 injection all animals developed significant uraemia. Renal histology demonstrated significant tubular apoptosis in the cortical and medullary areas which did not differ between wild‐type or Cfh+/− Stx‐2‐treated mice. Uraemia and renal tubular apoptosis did not develop in wild‐type or Cfh+/− animals treated with lipopolysaccharide alone. No light microscopic evidence of TMA or abnormal glomerular C3 staining was demonstrable in the Stx‐2 treated animals. In summary, Stx‐2 administration did not result in TMA in either Cfh+/− or wild‐type C57BL/6 mice. Furthermore, haploinsufficiency of factor H did not alter the development of Stx‐2‐induced renal tubular injury.


This paper, eight years after that including Hamilton Naki, carries out new preciseness and considerations about his life, both depending on a recently published article analyzing him critically by denying as myths determined acts previously accepted and simultaneously praising his achievements in an unfavorable context. Besides, some appraisals and details are added on Naki's life documentary film Hidden Heart, taken into account in the abovementioned critic article for reinforcing some controversial features about it.


Temperature-programmed oxidation (TPO) of deposited carbon was performed after the reaction by heating the sample from 30 to 900°C at a rate of 20°C/min in flow of 2% oxygen in helium (40 ml/min). Pulse reactions were performed by injecting 22.31 µmoles of reactant into He carrier gas (40 ml/min) at 800°C and pressures of one and 10 bar. The reaction products were analyzed and quantified by a quadrupole mass spectrometer using internal and external


The concept of multifunctional reflection-mode gratings based on rod-type photonic crystals with C2 symmetry is introduced and examined. The specific modal properties lead to the vanishing dependence of the first-negative-order maximum on the angle of incidence within a wide range, and the nearly sinusoidal redistribution of the incident-wave energy between zero order (specular reflection) and first negative diffraction order (deflection) at frequency variation that are the key features enabling various functionalities in one structure and functionality merging. The elementary functionalities offered by the studied structures, of which multifunctional scenarios can be designed, include but are not restricted to multiband spatial filtering, multiband splitting, and demultiplexing. The proposed structures are shown to be capable in multifunctional operation in case of an obliquely incident polychromatic wave. The generalized demultiplexing is demonstrated for the case when several polychromatic wavesare incident at different angles. The same deflection properties yield multiband splitting, and merging demultiplexing and splitting functionalties in one functionality, which may contribute to various multifunctional scenarios. The proposed gratings arealso studied in transmissive configuration.


Objective To explore the safety,efficacy of myostatin in treatment of acute pancreatitis.Methods Eighty cases of acute pancreatitis patients admitted from January 2010 to March 2012,were randomLy divided into the treatment group and the control group,40 cases each.The control group were treated with conventional therapy,patients treated with conventional therapy plus 250 μg/h growth inhibin.Results After the results of the treatment group plus Myostatin,patients with symptoms duration of remission,the time of clinical treatment,and the time of serum amylase returned to normal were shorter in the control group(P 0.05),and the incidence of complications in patients,the mortality rate be less than the control group(P 0.05).Conclusion The safety of growth inhibin treatment of acute pancreatitis is reasonable,effective and worthy of in-depth promotion and application.


In this paper we propose a novel geometric method, based on singular perturbations, to approximate isochrones of relaxation oscillators and predict the qualitative shape of their (finite) phase response curve. This approach complements the infinitesimal phase response curve approach to relaxation oscillators and overcomes its limitations near the singular limit. We illustrate the power of the methodology by deriving semi-analytic formula for the (finite) phase response curve of generic planar relaxation oscillators to impulses and square pulses of finite duration and verify its goodness numerically on the FitzHugh-Nagumo model.


About one-half of the tea exported around the world comes from Asia with the most important producing countries being Sri Lanka, India, China, Vietnam, and Indonesia. Tea is an evergreen perennial kept in a juvenile state for nearly 80 years. The plants are hardpruned once in five years. Tea plants are pruned and trained so that all the young leaves are confined to the top of the bush. The young tea leaves are plucked once every ten days all year round. Leaf diseases are very important in tea production since the plants are grown for their young leaves. The major foliar disease of tea in Asia is blister blight which is caused by a fungus that can infect only young leaves. As the leaves mature, they become immune to infection. The disease occurs all year in almost all tea growing areas of Asia. The disease is not present in Africa or the Americas. Wind-borne spores germinate on the leaf in humid conditions and the leaf surface is penetrated. Further growth presses out and eventually bursts a blister on the underside of the leaf. Each blister is capable of producing up to 20 million spores. The pathogen is an obligate parasite without any alternative hosts and it completes its life cycle in 11-28 days and many disease cycles occur throughout the year. During the formation of blisters, a portion of the photosynthetic area of the leaf is consumed by the fungus which can lower yield [1]. The disease also affects quality and tea prepared from blistered leaves is


A method of operating a vector-controlled and energized sinusoidal, electronically commutated electric motor (2), wherein a desired value signal for the commutation position of the rotor of the electric motor (2) provided and the windings of the electric motor (2) are energized so that the rotor of the electric motor (2 ) is positioned at the predefined by the setpoint signal commutation, wherein detecting a measuring signal for the position of the rotor of the electric motor (2) and (in a first monitor 19a) includes a first error checking is performed by this measuring signal is compared with a predetermined measuring signal-to-peak value wherein a second error-checking is carried out in a second monitoring means (19b) by the set point signal is compared to the commutation with a predetermined desired value signal peak value, wherein an error is detected on exceeding this maximum value, wherein when crossing this it an error is detected maximum value, and wherein the energization of the windings of the electric motor (2) is interrupted if at least one of these errors is detected, and wherein the first and second monitoring means (19a, 19b) from each other, ...


The purpose of this paper is to try to examine the meaning of the term 'sport infomation' through a survey on the past and present of this subject in Japan.Sport information had its origin in Europe. In Europe and North America some sport bibliographies were published from the middle of the 1950's. Tremendous advances in computer science brought drastic change in those countries in the middle of the 60's. The earlier bibliographies have now been superseded by enormous computerised databases, from which bibliographical information can be retrieved with on-line terminals.In comparison with the progress of those countries, sport information in Japan is in its first stage of development. Until recently there was no organized sport information centre, although there were some attempts to establish one. But because of further efforts in recent years, a Documentation Centre for Sport and Physical Education was finally established in 1976. This organization offers current awareness publications concerning sport and physical education. The Japanese Amateur Sports Association also began its project, Development of Sports Data Bank, in 1977.The first chapter of this paper deals with types of bibliographical sport information, and the second chapter with those of sport data. In the last chapter discusses the point that sport information consists of just two things: sport bibliographies and sport data. But there is a primary source of raw information left untouched taking the field of sport as a whole, which should be included in 'sport information'. Therefore, in this paper we now reconsider and extend the definition of the term 'sport information'.


Herein we address, hyaline cartilage regeneration issue by engineering a synthetic biocompatible hydrogel scaffold capable to promote chondrogenic differentiation. In this study, the chemically crosslinked hydrogels consisting of synthetic peptides that have the collagen-like sequence Cys-Gly-(Pro-Lys-Gly)4 (Pro-Hyp-Gly)4 (Asp-Hyp-Gly)4- conjugated with RGD sequence (CLP-RGD) and crosslinked hydrogels of type I collagen (CA) were used. For cartilage formation, we used human skeletal muscle-derived stem/progenitor cells (hMDSPCs) set for differentiation towards a chondrogenic lineage by BMP-7 and TGF-ß3 growth factors.Initially 150, 100 and 75 ng of BMP-7and TGF-ß3 growth factors were inserted in each scaffold and amount of growth factors diffusing out of the scaffolds was observed by ELISA assays. In vitro experiments were performed by seeding hMDSPCs onto hydrogels loaded with growth factors (75ng/scaffold) and cultured for 28 days. Cartilage formation was monitored by ELISA and RT-PCR assays. All experiments were performed in triplicates or quadruplicates.Growth factors incorporation strategy allowed a sustained release of TGF-ß3 growth factor, 6.00.3% of the initially loaded amount diffused out after 4 h and 2.70.5% already at the second time point (24h) from CA and CLP-RGD substrates. For the BMP-7 growth factor, 13.12.3% and 15.751.6% of the initially loaded amount diffused out after 4 h, 1.70.2% and 2.450.3% at the second time point (24 h) from CA and CLP-RGD respectively. In vitro experiments shown that scaffolds with immobilized growth factors resulted in higher collagen type II accumulation when compared to the scaffolds alone. The gene expression on CLP-RGD hydrogels with growth factors has shown lower collagen type I expression and higher aggrecan expression compared to day 0. However, we also report increased collagen X gene expression on CA hydrogels (with growth factors).Our results support the potential of the strategy of combining hydrogels functionalized with differentiation factors toward improving cartilage repair.


This exegesis investigates geographical, historical, political and
psychological issues relating to island isolation. The principal focus of this
work is on the idea of periphery, which is imagined and experienced in
the space between the known and the unknown. The exegesis argues
that from the periphery it is possible to encounter both contradictory and
related psychological desires of belonging and displacement. During
Norfolk Island's history some of the residents have felt the pain of exile
while others, paradoxically, have sought and often found their own
paradise.
The history of settlement on Norfolk Island and the continuing struggle for
political independence are important issues discussed in relation to self,
identity and community.
By exploring physical and psychological issues relating to the nature of
isolation, the exegesis and installation simultaneously investigates the
concept of discovery, particularly in relation to the desire for freedom,
adventure and change.


Social Media is famous among teenagers and students. Social media changes the way we communicate to society and views in life. In this study, we explore and analyze the social media activities of students and their performance in school. Qualitative analysis was performed using topic modeling algorithm (Latent Dirichlet Allocation). The following narratives of students with good grades: {Trending Memes, Birthday Parties and Events, School Related, Election Related and Education / Learning Related}. The following narratives of students with low grades: {Trending Memes, Political Propaganda, Showbiz News}. The common narratives between the two corpora are Trending Memes and Politics. The coherence scores of the topic models show a positive result of 0.36 and 0.34 respectively. The narratives was discovered using open coding technique using the topic models as qualitative codes. Correlation analysis was conducted to analyze the relationship of the number of Facebook posts and the student grades. The result shows a negative correlation of 71.2%. The result can be interpreted as the number of social media activities increases, their math grades decreases. The Facebook posts presented in this study is not translated to English to avoid possible bias with the translation.


Let k be an algebraically closed field of characteristic zero. In joint work with J. Cuadra [arxiv.org/abs/1409.1644, arxiv.org/abs/1509.01165], we showed that a semisimple Hopf action on a Weyl algebra over a polynomial algebra k[z_1,...,z_s] factors through a group action, and this in fact holds for any finite dimensional Hopf action if s=0. We also generalized these results to finite dimensional Hopf actions on algebras of differential operators. In this work we establish similar results for Hopf actions on other algebraic quantizations of commutative domains. This includes universal enveloping algebras of finite dimensional Lie algebras, spherical symplectic reflection algebras, quantum Hamiltonian reductions of Weyl algebras (in particular, quantized quiver varieties), finite W-algebras and their central reductions, quantum polynomial algebras, twisted homogeneous coordinate rings of abelian varieties, and Sklyanin algebras. The generalization in the last three cases uses a result from algebraic number theory, due to A. Perucca.


The effects of the irradiation dose, the preservation time and the antioxidant on the lipid oxidation of the chilled meatwere studied. T(he results showed that the irradiation can promote the lipid oxidation of the chilled meat and the intensity of thelipid oxidation enhanced with the increase of the irradiation dose. During the beginning period of preservation, the lipid oxidationrates of chilled meat increased obviously with the elongation of the preservation time. The intensity of the lipid oxidation ofchilled meat can't measure only according to the peroxide value during the late period of preservation. The tea polyphenols, asan antioxidant, can inhibit the effects of the irradiation and the preservation time obviously on lipid oxidation of chilled meat.


In the article the influence of the level of prices of oil and oil products to the pricing system: metals, materials, products and, ultimately, on inflation.


Growing datasets of inorganic hydrochemical analyses together with large differences in the measured concentrations raise the demand for data compression while maintaining critical information. The data should subsequently be displayed in an orderly and understandable way. Here, a type of artificial neural network, Kohonen’s self-organizing map (SOM), is trained on inorganic hydrochemical data. Based on this network, clusters are built and associated to the salinity source distribution of the spatial variation at a former potash mining site. This combined two-step clustering approach managed to assign the groundwater analyses automatically to five different clusters, three geogenic and two anthropogenic, according to their inorganic chemical composition. The spatial distribution of the SOM clusters helps to understand the large scale hydrogeological context. This approach provides the hydrogeologist with a tool to quickly and automatically analyze large datasets and present them in a clear and comprehensible format.


Multiphase machines provide various significant benefits when compared to three-phase ones. In particular, their inherent fault tolerance is often considered their most attractive advantage. Among the possible types of faults, the case of an open converter leg is especially common. On the other hand, multiphase machines with symmetrical winding arrangement offer multiple possibilities for stator winding configurations (SWCs). It has been recently proved that, in five-phase machines under open converter leg, the pentagon SWC attains smaller copper loss (SCL) and larger maximum achievable torque (MAT) than the conventional star SWC. However, it is currently unknown if such conclusion also holds true regarding machines of greater phase numbers and other SWCs, and if so, to which extent. This paper compares for different SWCs and phase numbers the performance of multiphase machines under open converter leg in terms of MAT (derating factor) and SCL. It is shown that the most convenient SWC for all phase numbers is to connect each phase in series with the neighboring ones. In particular, with such SWC the enhancement in MAT with respect to star SWC increases drastically for phase numbers greater than five, becoming very close to the healthy MAT. Simulation results support the theoretical study.


Immunomodulating effect of Salicornia herbacea extract on the mouse splenocytes was investigated. Crude S. herbacea polysaccharide extract (CSP) and other kinds of fine S. herbacea polysaccharides (SPI and SPII) were prepared from S. herbacea by hot water extraction and further ultrafiltration and gel filtration chromatography. In vitro experiment, the mouse splenocytes and separated T cells were treated with CSP, SPI or SPII (0.5, 1, 2, 4 mg/ml). In vivo experiment, three different S. herbacea extracts were orally administrated everyday for one week. For the basic data, body weight and physiological parameters such as organ weight and spleen index were observed. The proliferation of the cells was used as an index for immunemodulating activity and the effect of proliferation was evaluated using MTS assay. The CSP, SPI and SPII directly induced the proliferation of splenocytes and separated T cells in a dose-dependent manner. In results, the proliferation was more increased in the SPI and SPII treated cells than in the CSP treated cells. The best proliferation was shown in the splenocytes cultured with SPI at the concentration of 4 mg/ml for 24 hr. The proliferation of splenocytes and separated T-cells was higher (3.2 and 3.5 times, respectively) than the control. Moreover, when the mouse splenocytes were treated with mitogen, the efficient proliferation was shown in the splenocytes cultured with SPI. In conclusion, polysaccharides from S. herbacea showed a substantial immunomodulating activity in the mouse immune cells.


Titanium phosphate thin films were deposited by a new plasma-enhanced atomic layer deposition process. The process consisted of sequential exposures to trimethyl phosphate (TMP, Me3PO4) plasma, O2 plasma and titanium isopropoxide (TTIP, Ti(OCH(CH3)2)4) vapor, and it was characterized by in situ spectroscopic ellipsometry and ex situ X-ray reflectometry. The growth linearity, growth per cycle (GPC), and density of the resulting thin films were investigated as a function of the pulse times and the substrate temperature. The conformality of the process was characterized by deposition on micropillars. At a substrate temperature of 300 °C and using saturated pulse times, linear growth with a GPC of 0.66 nm per cycle and without nucleation delay was achieved. The as-deposited films were amorphous, while crystalline TiP2O7 was formed upon annealing in air or helium atmospheres. In lithium-ion test cells, the as-deposited films showed insertion and extraction of Li+ around a potential of 2.7 V vs. Li/Li+. Charge/discharge measurements revealed a volumetric capacity of 330 mA h cm−3, together with a good rate capability and minimal capacity fading.


In this paper we introduced the topic of virtualization of Information System related to Architectural Heritage in the age of Information Technology. The case of PALLADIOLibrary and its interface Andrea Palladio - 3D geodatabase , a comprehensive Information System about the architect Andrea Palladio and his work is introduced. The new system, gathering the legacy of a systematic and clearly defined original system based on an evident and effective virtualization process, it allows to provide support to the problems faced, clarifying the limits, characters, potential and advantages.


Six typical autopsy cases of primary pulmonary hypertension are reported. The histopathological features were as follows: medial hypertrophy of the muscular pulmonary arteries, muscularization of arterioles, internal fibrosis and fibroelastosis of muscular pulmonary arteries with typical "onion-skin" configuration, fibrinoid necrosis of the media or necrotizing arteries of muscular pulmonary arteries, and formation of highly characteristic plexiform lesions and dilatation lesions. It is thought that the plexiform lesions seen in all six cases represent morphological changes resulting from pulmonary hypertension rather than congenital abnormalities or thromboembolism.


The Super-Kamiokande-Gd (SK-Gd) experiment has started after adding the gadolinium (Gd) into ultra-pure water in the SK detector. SK-Gd dramatically improves the sensitivity to supernova relic neutrino searches by tagging neutrons. Cosmic-ray muons penetrating into the SK detector induce hadronic showers. Such muon often break oxygen nuclei in water and produce unstable radioactive isotopes and neutrons, which are major background sources for supernova relic neutrino searches. On the other hand, the cosmogenic neutrons produced by muons can be used for the detector calibration source. Since cosmic-ray muons penetrate into the SK detector continuously with the rate of 2 event/s, the cosmogenic neutrons can be used to monitor the stability and uniformity of the Gd concentration in water. In this proceeding, we report the progress of cosmogenic neutron measurement in SK-Gd.


Abstract We test the presence of regime changes in the GARCH volatility dynamics of Bitcoin log–returns using Markov–switching GARCH (MSGARCH) models. We also compare MSGARCH to traditional single–regime GARCH specifications in predicting one–day ahead Value–at–Risk (VaR). The Bayesian approach is used to estimate the model parameters and to compute the VaR forecasts. We find strong evidence of regime changes in the GARCH process and show that MSGARCH models outperform single–regime specifications when predicting the VaR.


Artemisin-based combination therapy (ACT) were widely used in Indonesia for the treatment of Malaria Plasmodium falciparum. Previous study in East Indonesia, located in Irian showed no prevalence of resistance, suggesting the treatment still effective in the area. This study aimed to provide baseline data of antimalarial drug resistance markers on P. falciparum isolates in Lampung West Indonesia. Mutation on genes associated with ACT (PfRBP9) were assessed by PCR amplification. Mutation on the marker related with artemisin resistance were determined by DNA sequencing technique. Isolates of 14 samples revealed no mutation in the D56V codon which is usually confined. This study has demonstrated a low prevalence resistance allele in the study area. Continuous surveillance of antimalarial drug efficacy is recommended and the findings provide information for stakeholders ensuring proper policy controlling malaria.


Background: Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR)- y is a member of the nuclear receptor superfamily. PPAH- r plays an important role in numerous cellular processes including adipogenesis, insulin sensitivity, cell cycle progression, cell differentiation, inflammation, and extracellular matrix production. This study investigated the effect of a PPAR- { agonist on the progression of diabetic nephropathy in OLETF rats. Methods: 30 week-old male OLETF rats were treated for 10 weeks as follows: diabetic control (DM), no treatment: pioglitazone therapy (DM+Pio). LETO rats were used as non-diabetic control (contro]). Body weight, blood pressure, blood sugar, creatinine, total cholesterol, triglyceride, and urinary protein excretion were measured. Histological analysis was taken with light microscope. Glomerular protein and mRNA expression of transforming growth factor (TGF)- fJ 1 and fibronectin were estimated by Western blot and RT-PCR Kidney sections were stained for fibronectin by immunohistochemistry. Results: Serum glucose, triglyceride and urinary protein excretion were decreased in DM+Pio rats compared to DM rats (p


In June and early July 1991, the GSFC mobile lidar was deployed at JPL's Table Mountain Facility for the purpose of a series of engineering tasks. Since its last deployment at Cannon AFB in Clovis, NM, the lidar has been extensively rebuilt. The resulting system now has greater sensitivity and greater accuracy than before particularly above forty kilometers.


Multi-satellite measurements of altimeter-derived Sea Surface Height (SSH) have provided a wealth of information on the ocean. Yet, horizontal scales below 100km remain scarcely resolved. Especially, in the Mediterranean Sea, an important fraction of the mesoscale range, characterized by a small Rossby radius of deformation of 15-20 km, is not properly retrieved by altimeter-derived gridded products. Here, we investigate a novel retreatment of AVISO products with a view to resolving the horizontal scales sensed by current along-track altimeter data. The key feature of our framework is the use of linear convolutional operators to model the fine-scale Sea Surface Height (SSH) detail as a function of different sea surface fields, especially optimally-interpolated SSH and Sea Surface Temperature (SST). The proposed model embeds the Surface Quasi-Geostrophic SST-SSH synergy as a special case. Using an observing system simulation experiment with simulated SSH data from model outputs in the Western Mediterranean Sea, we show that the proposed approach has the potential for improving current optimal interpolations of L4 altimeter-derived SSH fields by more than 20% in terms of relative SSH and kinetic energy mean square error, as well as in terms of spectral signatures for horizontal scales ranging from 30km to 100km. Our results also suggest that SST-SSH relationship may only play a secondary role compared to the inter-scale SSH cascade. We further discuss the relevance of the proposed approach in the context of future altimetric satellite missions.


In this paper, a multi-objective non-linear neutrosophic optimization (NSO) approach for optimizing the design of plane truss structure with multiple objectives subject to a specified set of constraints has been developed. In this optimum design formulation, the objective functions are the weight of the truss and the deflection of loaded joint; the design variables are the cross-sections of the truss members; the constraints are the stresses in members. A classical truss optimization example is presented here in to demonstrate the efficiency of the neutrosophic optimization approach. The test problem includes a three-bar planar truss subjected to a single load condition. This multi-objective structural optimization model is solved by neutrosophic optimization approach with linear and non-linear membership function. Numerical example is given to illustrate our NSO approach..


Abstract : Five tests were conducted to determine the surface contamination of the Centaur vehicle and its payload resulting from the deposition of retro exhaust particles during separation from the spent S-4B stage. The test article consisted of a full-scale model, 120-deg segment of the S-4B interstage adapter- Centaur-Payload sections of the Saturn 1B-Centaur vehicle. An S4B retro motor was mounted in the adapter section at either a 0- or 11.5-deg angle upward from the model surface and was ignited at a pressure altitude of approximately 130, 000 ft. The contamination of the model surface was primarily a gray deposit of iron and aluminum oxides. Predominant sizes of the particles deposited on the contamination panels were 1 to 10 microns. However, many particles ranged from 20 to 60 microns, and a few particles were as large as 400 microns. Particle erosion of the paint on the model surface was 12 to 14 microns in depth and occurred in a 4- to 30-ft interval downstream of the nozzle exit. The test results dependent upon retro motor firing angles of 0 and 11.5 deg, respectively, varied as follows: (1) maximum surface heating rate, 14.1 to 9.0 Btu/sq ft-sec; (2) maximum surface pressure, 0.29 to 0.14 psia; (3) degradation of solar cell panel performance, 26.6 to 6.0%; (4) laser beam attenuation, 22 to 12%; and (5) nominal change in surface reflectance of the model utilizing a laser beam, 27 to 19%.


Background:Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a common chronic inflammatory skin disorder that induces several symptoms including pruritus and dryness, and is often associated with secondary cutaneous infections. AD is considered to be one of the most prevalent and studied skin diseases yet poorly understood, and its pathophysiology remains obscure. Even though other skin diseases (such as psoriasis) share the same pathologic factor -skin barrier defect - with atopic dermatitis, patients diagnosed with those diseases don't suffer infectious exacerbations like atopic patients do. Aim: Although many international researches have already discussed the relationship between staphylococcus aureus and AD, no studies about this subject in the Arabic region was documented. The aim of our study is to compare staphylococcus aureus colonization rates and densities between atopic dermatitis patients and non-atopic subjects, and to relate the colonization to the severity and duration of the disease. Materials and methods: This observational analytic study included 200 participants (99 diagnosed with atopic dermatitis and 101 control subjects without atopic dermatitis); nasal and skin swabs (lesional and non-lesional) were collected from patients, while nasal and only normal skin swabs were collected from controls. Positive swabs were assessed to determine the density of colonization. Results: 57.6% of patients had nasal colonization, 56.6% had lesional colonization and 30.3% had normal skin colonization. Nasal colonization rates and densities were higher in the patients group. We detected a correlation between colonization and severity of eczema, but no correlation between colonization and duration of the disease was detected. Conclusion: The high rates and densities of staphylococcus aureus colonization in lesional skin of atopic dermatitis patients point out the role of these organisms in the pathophysiology of the disease, put antibiotics on the treatment list of atopic dermatitis and explain infectious features in AD exacerbations.


different exchanges, for different stocks, and for different institutions. This study investigates the determinants of institutional commission rates, including variables not only studied by Ofer and Melnick [18] and Fabozzi [11], but also, characteristics of markets, stocks, and brokerage firms. Commissions may depend not only on the broker and exchange but also on the combination of broker and exchange. Consequently, the individual and interactive effects of various markets and investors should be studied without potential biases caused by omitted variables or variable interactions. This analysis includes three exchanges, eight broker types, buy and sell transactions, and four transactions characteristics. In the first section, the commission rate model is specified on the basis of previous research findings and the addition of determinants introduced by this study. In the second section, the commission data base development and statistical summary are presented. In the third section, results emphasizing intermarket differences, brokerage firm, and investor size differences for NYSE trades are presented. The final section contains interpretative and summary comments.


The present invention discloses a high-fat soybean food fiber, soy formula components of the food product (by weight): 20 to 85 parts okara, 70 to 100 parts of water, 15 to 80 parts of flour, 2-3 parts salt , non-nutritive sweetener 0.0088 to 0.02 parts, 1 to 3 parts by consumption of soda, 0 to 3 parts of garlic powder, 0 to 15 parts of honey, onion juice, 0 to 25 parts, 30 to 50 parts of eggs, 0 to 10 parts of vegetable oil , 0 to 10 parts butter, biscuits loose agent 0 to 20 0 parts to 3 parts, and flavoring agents. The present invention also discloses a process of the soybean food. The present invention is low-fat soy foods high in fiber, product beautiful color, high content of soybean residue, truly low-fat high-fiber, beneficial to human health.


A mathematical model for the primary chemical processes occurring in 1 J/pulse electrical discharges in water has been developed. The discharge channel is divided into two zones: the core and the recombination region. The core is a very narrow (ca 10 µm) part of the channel where high temperature initiation reactions take place and where the majority of molecular hydrogen and 47% of the molecular oxygen are formed. The recombination region is a 200 µm radius zone where additional reactions such as hydrogen peroxide formation take place. The temperature in the core ranged from 5000 K at the centre to 2000 K at the boundary and the pressure, the only adjustable parameter in the system, was found to be 14 atm. The model describes for the first time how molecular oxygen is formed in an underwater discharge and it is also able to describe the experimentally observed stoichiometry of H2, O2 and H2O2 formation. The concentration and temperature profiles inside the discharge channel as well as a general scheme for the water dissociation and molecular species formation are also reported.


The situation and trend of cutting fluid in the new century is introduced.It is discussed that additives are the key factor affecting the performance of cutting fluids.Some research subjects and strategies for protecting the environ ment are proposed.


This study empirically examined the moderating effects of corporate ethics value in the relationships between love of money and job performance and organizational commitment, based on the data from 318 employees in 27 firms in Korea. The results of this study are as followings; 1) love of money has positive relationships with job performance and organizational commitment, 2) subordinates' perception of corporate ethics value has positive relationships with organizational commitment, 3) subordinates' perception of corporate ethics value has a marginal moderating effect in the relationship between love of money and organizational commitment. However, the moderating effect in the relationship between love of money and job performance was not significant. Based on the results, the theoretical and practical implications are discussed, and recommendations for future research are provided.


Reinforcement learning is considered to be one of the main methods of general artificial intelligence, which can realize self-learning of machines through interaction with the environment. In this paper, a modified version of deep reinforcement learning algorithm based on the Actor-Critic framework is proposed. Unlike traditional updated methods, the algorithm proposed in this paper adopts a special on-policy method, which we called Accelerated Linear Approximation Method in Deep Actor-Critic Framework (ALA-AC). When the network is trained to a certain extent, the networks' parameters of some layers are frozen, and the remaining layers' parameters are trained for better strategy and faster training speed.


Enthused by the current development of satellite and remote sensing images have attracted extensive attention. Nowadays, large number of research areas are focusing on developing applications It is one of the most significant challenges in real-world applications. The remote sensor collects data by detecting the energy that reflected from the earth in various location information and its store, retrieve, manage, display, and analyze all types of spatial data even though the accuracy is not satisfactory. This paper considers the problem of object detection and recognition as the main problem, and it is motivated to provide a better solution by designing and implementing an Efficient Framework for Object Detection and Classification (EFODC) on remote sensing images. The efficiency is improved by applying various image processing stages such as Image Acquisition and preprocessing, Image Enhancement, Object Detection, Bag-of-Words creation, and Training Testing process. The bag-of-words method enables the user to maintain ground truth values for classifying the objects and improves the accuracy of classification. EFODC is experimented. The performance is evaluated by comparing with the state-of-the-art methods. Comparing with the existing approaches the proposed framework obtained 97.88% of precision and 97.47% of recall over 3000


The present work integrates a set of functions, properties and views to the CellVis framework developed by Martin Falk in order to lay the foundations for a statistical analysis and comparative analysis/visualization module. The CellVis framework employes a stochastic simulation to model and analyze cellular signal transduction. The cell is represented as sphere consisting of a nucleus, proteins, obstacles and cytoskeleton filaments. The particles can move inside the cell by diffusion or by direct transportation along the cytoskeleton filaments The statistical analysis is performed by estimating the first four statistical moments of the sample spatial distribution of the molecules involved in the analyzed simulation. These moments can be visualized in a tree-like view and also with help of a set of time series plots, that illustrate the evolution of these moments through the lifetime of the simulation. The spatial distribution of the concerned particles is separated on the three spatial dimensions. This is possible due to the fact that the motions of one particle on each axis is independent with respect to the other ones. A histogram is also calculated and graphically represented in a 2D plot in order to facilitate understanding the meaning of the estimated sample moments values. To justify the use of moments describing the spatial distribution, an external tool is used to estimate a probability density function that fits the simulated spatial distribution with respect to the estimated sample moments. The results are satisfactory with respect to the matching of the calculated histogram and the histogram of the fitted probability density function. So we could conclude that for typical types of distributions the use of moments can help in finding a suitable probability density function that can be used later on for predicting the spatial distribution for certain types of particles in other simulations. For a more particular type of analysis of the signal transduction process, the trajectory and reaction history of an individual particle are calculated and determined. To visualize them, 2D graphs are employed and integrated in the framework. The trajectory of a particle is plotted as the distance to the nucleus over time. The reactions and interactions are indicated with markers on the same graph. The comparative visualization is performed by employing difference plots and difference volume. For this, the framework is extended with the loading of a second data set. The difference graphs are used to show differences in the statistical sample moments, in the concentrations and in the histograms of the two loaded data sets. The difference volume is performed with respect to the differences of concentrations in the considered data sets. The view of the difference volume can be enabled by the user. However the option of viewing both data sets at the same time remains as a possibility of future work.


A welding system, apparatus, a process, aims to improve the quality of welding by such results in a smooth movement of the welding head apparatus on the guide track, furthermore, the welding head which aimed to reduce the manufacturing cost of the guide track to provide a device. A guide track includes a track gear, track gear is engaged by the traveling drive gear 310 of the tractor unit 300. Travel drive gear 310 and the track gear can have an optimum mesh structure so as to smoothly move along the tractor unit 300 to the guide track. Traveling drive gear engaging mechanism includes a clutch lever 320, the clutch lever 320, when operated, the traveling drive gear 310 engaged quickly engaged to track gear, is rapidly disengaged from the track gear. Clutch lever 320 includes an eccentric cam portion 320A. Eccentric cam portion 320A is operatively connected to the clutch arm 321 at a point on the cam portion 320A biased from the center of the elongated portion. .FIELD 3A


Braunwald clinical circumstance classi fi cation (A, B, C) is an inde-pendent risk factor for death, myocardial infarction and in-stent thrombosis in one year. adropin myocardial infarction