This paper describes a software library intended to be used for tracking audio algorithm optimization in terms of resource requirements. The developed library makes possible creating a resource requirement snapshot at given development stage, and allows dimensioning the target platform capabilities according to the existing algorithm requirements. This approach has been successfully applied during optimization of complex speech enhancement algorithm for hands-free communication.


The article examines the fact of Japan's victory in the Russo-Japanese War as the starting point of Japan's historical development in the XX century, which determined the vector of further changes in Japanese foreign policy and played a significant role in the fate of Asian nations. In modern Russia, the 1904-1905 war is often perceived as a problem exclusively of Russo-Japanese relations and a factor clouding the prospects of good neighborliness. The author of the article aimed to determine the historical significance of Japan's victory in this conflict as an important moral factor for Japanese society, which had a strong international influence in the future. For this purpose author studied materials about the Russo-Japanese War, events preceding the Russo-Japanese war, its prerequisites, directly on the Russo-Japanese War and its results. Based on the data obtained, the author suggests that the results of the Russo-Japanese War had a decisive influence on Japan's transforming into an imperialist state in the first half of the XX century, in what the main role belongs to the acquired from the war victory conviction about the right and ability of Asian nations to resist European colonialism. It is the point from where the further Japanese militaristic policy of the 1930s and 1940s proceeds, which was of great importance in the history of Asian nations, as well as Russia. The article is intended for a wide range of readers interested in Russian and world history, especially for those who want to learn more about the Russo-Japanese war and the non-obvious consequences of Russia's failure in the conflict with Japan.


China has been a member of WTO, Which demands the persons engaged in international trade should be more professional. According to realtiy and speciality of our college,we should train the students specialized in international trade to be useful persons with sterling moral quality,excellent professional quality,high cultrual quality and outstanding pschological quality.


(54) DUAL STATOR WINDING INDUCTION OTHER PUBLICATIONS MACHINE DRIVE N P.L. Alger, et al., "Double Windings for Turbine Alterna (75) Inventors: Thomas A. Lipo, Middleton; Alfredo tors," AIEE Transactions, vol. 49, Jan. 1930, pp. 226-244. Rodolfo Muñoz-Garcia, Madison, both P.W. Franklin, "A Theoretical Study of the Three Phase of WI (US) Salient Pole Type Generator with Simultaneous AC and Bridge Rectified DC Output," IEEE Transactions on Power (73) Assignee: Wisconsin Alumni Research App. and Systems, vol. PAS-92, No. 2, Mar/Apr. 1973, pp. Foundation, Madison, WI (US) 543-557. J.R. Fu, et al., "Disturbance-Free Operation of a Multiphase (*) Notice: Subject to any disclaimer, the term of this Current-Regulated Motor Drive with an Opened Phase," patent is extended or adjusted under 35 IEEE Transactions on Industry Applictions, vol. 30, No. 5, U.S.C. 154(b) by 0 days. Sep./Oct. 1994, pp. 1267-1274.


Drug eruptions are common problems in hospital inpatients and outpatients. Cutaneous drug reactions range from mild to severe and from those localized only to skin to those associated with systemic disease. Cutaneous drug reactions are also a challenging diagnostic problem since they can mimic a large variety of skin diseases, including viral exanthem, collagen vascular disease, neoplasia, bacterial infection, psoriasis, and autoimmune blistering disease, among others. Furthermore, determining a particular medication which caused an eruption is often difficult when the patient is taking multiple drugs. In this review, clinical manifestations of adverse cutaneous drug reactions are described. A morphologic approach to drug eruption includes those that are classified as exanthematous eruption, urticaria, pustular eruption, bullous eruption, fixed drug eruption, photosensitive eruption, skin necrosis, lichenoid eruption, cutaneous pseudolymphoma, lupus erythematosus, and hand-foot syndrome. And also, recently reported cutaneous adverse reactions associated with newly developed drugs, such as epidermal growth factor receptor inhibitors, low molecular weight tyrosine kinase inhibitors, tumor necrosis factor-alpha antagonists, sirolimus and granulocyte colony-stimulating factor, are discussed. (Ewha Med J 2012;35(2):76-82)


Poland is regarded as a country relatively free from Islamic terrorist threat. According to official statements, the four-level terrorism threat scale assessed the terrorism threat in Poland as low ('zero'). The Islamic minority living in Poland is small and very specific, connected with the historical background of the country and well integrated. For years, relations with most of the Islamic
countries were good, or even very good, until the beginning of the XX century when Poland got involved in operations in Iraq and Afghanistan and became a member of the anti-ISIS coalition. That might have attracted the attention of Al-Qaeda and ISIS to the country and its citizens as possible targets of attacks. Surprisingly, 20 to 40 Polish citizens went to Iraq or Syria to fight as foreign fighters (FTFs). More than 10 per cent of Polish criminals wanted by the Interpol is charged with participation in the terrorist organization (ISIS). The article aims to present the relations between this Central European country and the jihadist terrorist organization and to reverse the common belief that Poland has no links to ISIS and no reasons to regard the organization as its serious problem.


In this research, the (2 + 1)-dimensional (D) variable-coefficient (VC) Caudrey–Dodd–Gibbon–Kotera–Sawada model used in soliton hypothesis and implemented by operating the Hirota bilinear scheme is studied. A few modern exact analytical outcomes containing interaction between a lump-two kink soliton, interaction between two-lump, the interaction between two-lump soliton, lump-periodic, and lump-three kink outcomes for the (2 + 1)-D VC Caudrey–Dodd–Gibbon–Kotera–Sawada equation by Maple Symbolic packages are obtained. By employing Hirota's bilinear technique, the extended soliton solutions according to bilinear frame equation are received. For this model, the contemplated model can be got by multi-D binary Bell polynomials (bBPs). In addition, the analytical analysis of the high-order soliton outcomes to present the discipline of outcomes. The effect of the free parameters on the behavior of acquired figures of a few obtained solutions for the nonlinear rational exact cases was also discussed. The above technique could also be employed to get exact solutions for other nonlinear models in physics, applied mathematics, and engineering.


A kind of intelligent application mode, viz. remote agronomic intelligent diagnosis and decision making support system (RAIDDSS), is proposed. This kind of application system overcomes the limitation of space and time, thus extremely extends the service and service region. Base on the key factors analysis of remote intelligent diagnosis and decision making support system, this paper details the realization of knowledge base, analysis model and database (called three bases) design and the integration of the three bases. The integrated system constructs the platform of RAIDDSS. As for the universal system interface within RAIDDSS and RAIDDSS with other systems, a standard XML is used to realize the information exchange and to open a potential base for group server distributed in various places.


The lab-on-a-chip (LOC) technology was expected to influence our every day live in a similarly fundamental way as integrated circuits have. Unfortunately, this demand has not been met yet. The cause therefore lies in the complexity of microelectromechanical systems (MEMS), which form the base of the current LOC technology. We present a new concept of LOC which are based on fluidic microchemomechanical systems (μCMS). During the fabrication process, these μCMS are preprogrammed by monolithic integration of special active components. These active components are holding chemical energy that can be transformed at least once into mechanical energy and thus provide a timed and quantitative exactly defined fluidic function. With our simple and inexpensive fabrication method combined with the above mentioned advantages of the invented μCMS, new and better LOC technology can be developed.


SUMMARYAfter open pollination a P. atrisanguinea plant with 2 n = 84 (12 x) produced offspring with 2 n = 56 and 2 n = 74. Controlled crosses between P. atrisanguinea and P. ambigens (2 n = 82) yielded hybrids with 2 n = 70 and 2 n = 72. All these plants were vigorous. Meiotic observations on P. ambigens and P. atrisanguinea showed that both had an irregular meiosis with variable numbers of bivalents, univalents and multivalents.


ABSTRACT My paper examines moral claims made by two international legal scholars, Margaret deGuzman and William Schabas, that support the view that the crime of using child soldiers is closer to a malum prohibitum than a malum in se crime. After critically examining deGuzman's legitimacy-based view, I then show that Schabas' fundamental values view, which considers child soldiering less serious than other international crimes because it does not threaten fundamental human values like the right to life, is problematic. I argue that child soldiering by its nature attacks the moral dignity of the child, which is a fundamental human value. I anchor this in a quasi-Aristotelian argument, which draws on African ethics, to highlight the recursive nature and relational harm of child soldiering.


Summary form only given. A dc electric field oriented in the growth direction of a quantum well (QW) changes the optical absorption and thus enables electrically driven optical modulators. Though the electroabsorption change is intrinsically very fast mechanism (since it does not involve change in carrier density), the device operation speed is ultimately limited by its electronic components. To increase the operation speed, the modulation by a terahertz (THz) electric field, such as provided by a free-electron laser or table-top sources, can be used. Such a THz field tuned at resonance with the intersubband transitions can induce large changes in the interband optical absorption. Moreover, the modulation by a THz field gives rise to optical emission at frequencies that differ from the frequency of the incident optical field by an integer number of the THz frequencies. This nonlinear optical/THz photon mixing has potential application in frequency shifting devices.Recently, we studied the optical properties of a THz driven QW resolving several subbands, both in the conduction and valence bands, using the polarization semiconductor Bloch equations in the low density limit.


A novel one-pot synthetic approach to N1-(2-carboxyaryl)-N2-(aryl or H)oxalamides from 3-(2-nitroaryl)oxirane-2-carboxamides via the classical Meinwald rearrangement and a new rearrangement sequence has been developed. The methodology is applicable to the synthesis of N-(2-carboxyphenyl)aryloxalmonoamides from (3-(2-nitrophenyl)oxiran-2-yl)(aryl)methanones. The method is operationally simple and high yielding, thus providing a new useful formula for both anthranilic acid derivatives and oxalamides.


Modern people have a great interest in health, but most people are less interested in their sperm health than other body conditions. In this paper, we propose a method to measure the average number of sperms through a sperm image sequence captured by a Smartphone with a small microscope lens so that the image acquisition could be easily performed. In order to distinguish between noise and sperm in the photographed sperm image, sperms are searched by using difference image based on the assumption that sperms are always moving. In addition, the number of detected sperms is measured and tested based on the WHO criteria. Experimental results show the effectiveness of the proposed method.


A new extended soft X-ray source H 2326-79 has been detected with the low energy detectors of the HEAO1 A-2 experiment. The source is found to have a size of approximately 2.5 arcsec and is centered at RA(1950)=23 h 26 m, Decl.(1950)= -79 deg 24 min. The observed energy flux, seen mainly in the 0.18-0.4 keV band, corrected for finite source size, is found to be about 2.6 x 10 to the -11th erg/sq cm-sec. It is determined that the source spectrum fits well with either an exponential model (gaunt factor included) or with a Raymond Smith plasma model. The observed characteristics of the source are studied for two physical models: a very old low surface brightness supernova remnant undetected in the radio and optical regions, and an enhanced X-ray emission region surrounding an H I cloud embedded in the hot cavity of Loop I. The observed source is also interpreted as a group of two or more unresolved stellar X-ray sources.


We theoretically investigate how the presence of a reservoir of incoherent excitations affects the superfluidity properties of resonantly driven polariton fluids. While in the absence of reservoir the two cases of a defect moving in a fluid at rest and of a fluid flowing against a static defect are linked by a formal Galilean transformation, here the reservoir defines a privileged reference frame attached to the semiconductor structure and causes markedly different features between the two settings. The consequences on the critical velocity for superfluidity are highlighted and compared to experiments in resonantly driven excitons polaritons.


Interest in user involvement in research has increased and user involvement is increasingly seen as a prerequisite. Still, challenges in the collaboration process have been documented from both researchers' and users' perspective.


This research in FY80 is composed of six primary tasks. These tasks include data collection and analysis, wind flow studies around an operational wind turbine generator (WTG), kite anemometer calibration, wind flow analysis and prediction, the Klickitat County small wind energy conversion system (SWECS) program, and network wind power analysis. The data collection and analysis task consists of four sections, three of which deal with wind flow site surveys and the fourth with collecting and analyzing wind data from existing data stations.


Gastric atrophy is one of the important pathological states that cause gastric cancer. As atrophic gastritis is related to the risk of gastric cancer, it is important to diagnose atrophic gastritis. In the present study, we tried to establish endoscopic criteria for atrophic gastritis.


Ribulose 1,5-bisphosphate (RuBP) carboxylase (EC 126.96.36.199) from the purple sulfur bacterium Chromatium vinosum is a large complex protein ( M r 550000) composed of 8 large (M r 55 000) and 8 small ( M r 13 000) subunits [1] like the enzyme from higher plants. Although the catalytic function or potential has been shown to reside on the large subunit [2], no functional role has yet been assigned to the small subunit. The Chromatium RuBP carboxylase is of particular interest in studies of the role of small subunits because it can be reversibly dissociated into component subunits under mild conditions [3-5]. The enzyme from Chromat ium has been purified by several laborious or time-consuming methods [2,6,7] and we have been attempting to speed the purification by utilizing a new method in which samples are sedimented into a reoriented density gradient in a vertical rotor [8]. In this paper, a rapid purification of RuBP carboxylase from C. vinosum is described that results in gel-electrophoretically homogeneous and highly active enzyme.


In some inertial navigation systems of a carousel type, laser gyros operate in regime of uniform rotation. For development of such systems and computer simulation of their work, one needs to have the "exact" (in wide range of angular velocities  ) analytical expression for counterpropagating waves beat frequency


Exactly how corporate boards influence their firms' performance remains a puzzle. We construct a mediational model to observe the paths that board capitals affect firm's key strategies (as R&D and leverage). Furthermore, we can estimate the direct and mediational influent level of board capitals on financial performance. For confirming those hypotheses in our study, the financial data of listed companies in Taiwan and Mainland China are collected. This study confirms that the education level and seniority of firm's directors significantly influence the R&D intensity and financial leverage of corporates, furthermore affect firm performance. This mediational effects from R&D intensity and debt ratio are estimated about 22.31%~35.65% in Taiwan, and 25.46%~39.47% in Mainland China. We also find that the higher education level and the less seniority of the Boards lead to the more R&D intensity and the less debt ratio, then the better financial performance.


Preface PART ONE: INTRODUCTORY STUDIES: ONG ON CONSCIOUSNESS, COMMUNICATION, AND CULTURE Introduction The Rhetorical Studies Tradition and Walter J Ong - Bruce E Gronbeck Oral-Literacy Theories of Mediation, Culture, and Consciousness An Overview of Walter Ong's Work - Thomas J Farrell PART TWO: RHETORICAL STUDIES Introduction Ramism, Ong, and Modern Rhetoric - Anthony J Palmeri Francis Bacon's New Science - David Heckel Print and the Transformation of Rhetoric Voice as Frame - William J Kennedy Longinus, Kant, Ong, and Deconstruction in Literary Studies Romanticism, Realism and the Presence of the Word - Noel M Valis PART THREE: MEDIA STUDIES Introduction Walter J Ong and the Archaeology of Orality and Literacy - Richard Leo Enos and John M Ackerman A Theoretical Model for Historical Rhetoric Ong, Ramism, and Spain - Dennis P Seniff The Case of Pedro de Navarra's Dialogues on the Differences between Speaking and Writing Media Integration in the Third World - Annabelle Sreberny-Mohammadi An Ongian Look at Iran Television, Rhetoric, and the Return of the Unconscious in Secondary Oral Culture - Roger Silverstone Post-Medieval Information Processing and Contemporary Computer Science - Philip Leith PART FOUR: STUDIES OF CONSCIOUSNESS Introduction The Body's Place - Ruth El Saffar Language, Identity, Consciousness Secondary Orality and Consciousness Today - Thomas J Farrell Discourse, Difference and Gender - C Jan Swearingen Walter Ong's Contributions to Feminist Language Studies Characterology, Media, and Rhetoric - David Payne


The laws of salts' influence on the spectral reflectance of the soils of serozem zone are considered in this work. The forms of regression equilibriums and correlation coefficients' values depend on the season, the type of the soil, the level of salinization, the chemical composition and the properties of salts. To determine the degree of salinization of arable soils under the cotton crops, the values of the total spectral brightness of the system 'soil + plants' obtained from aerophotography and scanner survey, should be used. This method allows to distinguish non-saline and slightly saline soils from solonchaks with confidence level of 0.95 and 0.70, respectively.


As the routing is the basic cause of networking, so the concept of networking is interdependent with methodology of routing. In reactive routing protocols one the AODV plays the active role in obtaining the routes when needed. In related to the Ad-hoc networks like MANET's, it is considered as the very most prioritized protocol. In this paper a slight advantageous attachment to the AODV routing protocol makes luxurious in connecting nodes. The new protocol was Aodv+Shrinking formed as ALIX (Aodv Link Extension). It evaluates the shortcuts in the route and avoids the two major problems encountering previously. 1 sub optimal 2 connection breaks. ALIX ensures these two problems will be overcome by initiating the continuous route optimization over the cases of node mobility, as well as it defines the path lengths are topologically efficient. ALIX uses one more control packet to avoid unnecessary hop's travelling.


This paper deals with a set of computer tools developed for reconstructing a genealogy from a collection of marriage records. The tools were successfully applied in constructing genealogies of inhabitants of the Indian villages of Sacaca and Acasio in present-day Bolivia, for the one hundred and twenty year period extending from 1690 to 1810. As source we used the 11,750 marriage records from the period. The process comprised six stages, all of them supported by an automatic computer-based method or by a manual method, aided by computer tools for handling and visualizing the data. The six stages involved were:


CUTANEOUS AND CONJUNCTIVAL MANIFESTATIONS OF SULPHATHIAZOLE INTOXICATION. I. F. VoLiNr, R. 0. LEVITT and H. B. O'NEIL. (1941) J. Arner. med. Ass., 116, 938. WHEN sulphathiazole was first made available here, the manufacturers stated that, although it was less toxic than sulphapyridine, eruptions resembhng erythema nodosum were among its more common toxic manifestations. This warning is borne out in this paper. Reference is made to other figures published by Long and his associates who saw cutaneous rashes in over 12"8% of 78 cases. Flippin anrl his associates saw four oases of toxic rash out of 100 patients on sulphathiazole. In the present report, seven patients are described with rashes out of a group of 180 patients treated with this drug, the average total dosage having been 26 g. The average dose in the patients in whom rashes developed was 34 g., though two patients showed eruptions after they had received only 6 g. Three patients with rashes died, but it is believed that pneumonia was in each case the cause of death. The variety of rashes encountered in the series was : 1 urticarial, 3 maculo-papiilar, and 3 nodular (with an added purpuric element in one case). The nodules appeared first on the extremities, and were bilateral but not svmmetrical. They showed a tendency to spread and become confiuent. In some of the cases there was also an associated conjunctivitis. R. K.


Two types of gradient index liquid crystal micro lens array (LC MLA) are reported for the light-field camera application. The LC MLAs enabled us to capture both of compound-eye images to be refocused on the various positions with its depth information and clear 2D images without reconstruction.


A refurbished 2.2kW 3-phase squirrel-cage induction motor was subjected to a steady-state performance analysis. It was earlier refurbished to reflect a prevailing local maximum 3-phase voltage level of 380Vac, as against the manufacturer's name-plate nominal voltage of 415Vac. The aim was to obtain from the motor at 380Vac satisfactory values of the operational quantities as obtainable at the original voltage level of 415Vac. To this end the method of open-circuit/short-circuit laboratory tests was adopted, the d.c. resistance test notwithstanding. The experimental calculations from these led to the determination of the machine equivalent circuit parameters by means of which the motor operational quantities and the performance curves for analytical purposes were obtained. MATLAB was used to generate the performance curves via the appropriate mathematical models. The analysis showed the motor as exhibiting satisfactory full-load values of torque, speed, output power, slip and power factor, although at the expense of full-load efficiency and starting properties.


We use high-frequency data to study the dynamic relationship between volatility and equity returns. We provide evidence on two alternative mechanisms of interaction between returns and volatilities: the leverage effect and the volatility feedback effect. The leverage hypothesis asserts that return shocks lead to changes in conditional volatility, while the volatility feedback effect theory assumes that return shocks can be caused by changes in conditional volatility through a time-varying risk premium. On observing that a central difference between these alternative explanations lies in the direction of causality, we consider vector autoregressive models of returns and realized volatility and we measure these effects along with the time lags involved through short-run and long-run causality measures proposed in Dufour and Taamouti (2008), as opposed to simple correlations. We analyze 5-minute observations on S&P 500 Index futures contracts, the associated realized volatilities (before and after filtering jumps through the bispectrum) and implied volatilities. Using only returns and realized volatility, we find a weak dynamic leverage effect for the first four hours at the hourly frequency and a strong dynamic leverage effect for the first three days at the daily frequency. The volatility feedback effect appears to be negligible at all horizons. By contrast, when implied volatility is considered, a volatility feedback becomes apparent, whereas the leverage effect is almost the same. We interpret these results as evidence that implied volatility contains important information on future volatility, through its nonlinear relation with option prices which are themselves forwardlooking. In addition, we study the dynamic impact of news on returns and volatility, again through causality measures. First, to detect possible dynamic asymmetry, we separate good from bad return news and find a much stronger impact of bad return news (as opposed to good return news) on volatility. Second, we introduce a concept of news based on the difference between implied and realized volatilities (the variance risk premium) and we find that a positive variance risk premium (an anticipated increase in variance) has more impact on returns than a negative variance risk premium.


In general, the zero-forcing (ZF) precoding suffers from a severe receive signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) degradation in the high interference regime. However, recent evidences from realistic measurements demonstrated that millimeter wave (mmWave) systems are mainly noise-limited as high gain antennas behave as spatial filters to the interference signal. This makes ZF precoding equally attractive as that of other linear precoding counterparts. Considering ZF precoding, this paper aims to derive a lower bound on the sum-rate achieved by a decremental beam selection (BS) algorithm in a beamspace MIMO (B-MIMO) system operating at mmWave frequencies. This bound relates Frobenious norms of precoding matrices of full and reduced dimensional (i.e. after BS) B-MIMO systems through a deterministic square-hyperbolic function. Note that, both ZF precoding and decremental BS are not new concepts. However, the derived sum-rate bound provides a new insight to the topic. Given a particular full dimensional B-MIMO channel, the presented bound can be used to understand limits of BS algorithms.


Managed temperate grasslands occupy 25% of the world, which is 70% of global agricultural land. These lands are an important source of food for the global population. This review paper examines the impacts of climate change on managed temperate grasslands and grassland-based livestock and effectiveness of adaptation and mitigation options and their interactions. The paper clarifies that moderately elevated atmospheric CO2 (eCO2) enhances photosynthesis, however it may be restiricted by variations in rainfall and temperature, shifts in plant's growing seasons, and nutrient availability. Different responses of plant functional types and their photosynthetic pathways to the combined effects of climatic change may result in compositional changes in plant communities, while more research is required to clarify the specific responses. We have also considered how other interacting factors, such as a progressive nitrogen limitation (PNL) of soils under eCO2, may affect interactions of the animal and the environment and the associated production. In addition to observed and modelled declines in grasslands productivity, changes in forage quality are expected. The health and productivity of grassland-based livestock are expected to decline through direct and indirect effects from climate change. Livestock enterprises are also significant cause of increased global greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions (about 14.5%), so climate risk-management is partly to develop and apply effective mitigation measures. Overall, our finding indicates complex impact that will vary by region, with more negative than positive impacts. This means that both wins and losses for grassland managers can be expected in different circumstances, thus the analysis of climate change impact required with potential adaptations and mitigation strategies to be developed at local and regional levels.


We describe here the growth of vertically oriented TiO2 nanotube arrays on Ti meshes by electrochemical anodization and their application as flexible electrodes for dye-sensitized solar cells (DSC). The dependence of physical features (i.e., diameter, wall thickness, and length) of TiO2 nanotube arrays on the anodization duration is systematically studied. Our results indicate that this type of flexible electrodes features transparency and high bend ability when subjected to external force. Varying the length of nanotube arrays has been demonstrated to critically influence the solar-to-electric conversion efficiency of DSCs. In combination with a low-volatility organic electrolyte and a rigid platinized conductive glass counter electrode, TiO2 nanotube arrays with an optimized length of 40 μm on a 50-mesh substrate achieve a conversion efficiency of 1.47% (calculated from the geometric area of Ti mesh) at 97.4 mW/cm2 AM 1.5 simulated full light. A lightweight flexible DSC is also fabricated using the same...


base at position 2524879 (FM209186) of the LES 9F gene locus. This small study demonstrates that LES PS21 and LES 9F are highly conserved in the wild-type CF P. aeruginosa isolates examined, even in the presence of several mutations in the pyoverdine gene locus. BLAST analysis of these sequences demonstrates the uniqueness of these sequences in nature, whereby only one match was obtained (GenBank accession number: FM209186). At this stage, the significance of this is unclear, but it is important to be able to note variation within these amplicons and possible variations in clinical disease states. Further analysis is now required of isolates from around the world, in order to examine potential geographical diversity. 5


The invention provides a path calculation method and device. The method comprises steps that a path calculation request sent by a path calculation client PCC is received, and the path calculation request is used for requesting for calculating a path having a bit index explicit replication BIER-traffic engineering TE; the path is calculated according to the path calculation request. Through the method, a problem that the BIER-TE path satisfying business demands can not be rapidly acquired through calculation in the prior art is solved, and the effect of rapidly calculating the BIER-TE path satisfying business demands can be realized.


The invention relates to a multielement zinc-aluminum alloy capable of improving comprehensive mechanical property, belonging to the technical field of zinc-aluminum alloy preparation. The multielement zinc-aluminum alloy is characterized in that the multielement zinc-aluminum alloy is prepared from the following raw materials: industrial aluminum ingot NO.A00, zinc ingot NO.0, electrolytic copper, composite modifier and pure magnesium, wherein the composite modifier contains 20-30% of Ni, 15-25% of Ti, 5-15% of Mn, 5-15% of Cr, 5-10% of Si, 5-10% of Ce, 5-10% of La, 1-6% of Y, 1-6% of Nb, 1-6% of V and the balance of aluminum; the multielement zinc-aluminum alloy is smelted in a medium-frequency induction melting furnace after weighing 27-29% of Al, 2-2.5% of Cu (added in the form of aluminum-copper intermediamidstfrequencye alloy containing 50% of copper ), 0-1.2% of composite modifier, 0.01-0.02% of Mg and the balance of Zn based on percentage by weight. A round-rod-shaped blank iscasted by a common metal type and metal type vibrational casting method, and then processed to a national standard test rod to be subjected to mechanical property testing.


Through analysis of Metamorphose written by Franz Kafka,Austrian writer,this article reveals that the causes which make human beings inhuman beings and again make people "dissimilated" lie in the inner irreconcible contradictions of capitalism in-western society,namely,contradictions between capitalist private ownership and large-scale socialized production.Most of people in western society can not control their own life and lots in extreme indifferent deformed social relation,which,in a final analysis attribute to the capital possessed by a few whereas the lots of the others-overnumbered people are controlled by the capital they have not held.It is in accordance with logic that deformed society turns out "dissimilation".


Contents: 1. Editor's note 2. Research announcements 2.1. Pseudocompact group topologies with no infinite compact subsets 2.2. Selective coideals on (FIN[1]k) 2.3. Entire functions mapping uncountable dense sets of reals onto each other monotonically 2.4. Effective refining of Borel coverings 2.5. Symmetry and colorings: Some results and open problems 2.6. Many partition relations below density 2.7. Lindelof indestructibility, topological games and selection principles 2.8. Locally precompact groups: (Local) realcompactness and connectedness 2.9. The group Aut is Roelcke precompact 2.10. An infinite combinatorial statement with a poset parameter 2.11. The Schur `1 Theorem for fifilters 2.12. On uniform asymptotic upper density in locally compact abelian groups 2.13. A c0-saturated Banach space with no long unconditional basic sequences 2.14. Zero subspaces of polynomials on `1(2.15. MAD Families and SANE Player 2.16. On the consistency of d_k > cov_k(M) 2.17. o-Boundedness of free topological groups 2.18. Combinatorial and model-theoretical principles related to regularity of ultrafilters and compactness of topological spaces. V 2.19. Menger subsets of the Sorgenfrey line 2.20. Combinatorial and model-theoretical principles related to regularity of ultrafilters and compactness of topological spaces. VI 3. Unsolved problems from earlier issues


Objective: Non-functioning kidney (NFK) can be responsible in whole or in part for hypertension. Patients with a lateralized renin secretion can be treated either medically or surgically. Objective: assess the benefice of nephrectomy over medical treatment in the management of lateralized NFK in hypertensive patients diagnosed after renal vein sampling (RVS). The profit is based on the blood pressure (BP) control, the number of BP lowering drugs or the daily-defined dose (ddd). Design and method: We conducted an observational retrospective study at the Hypertension Unit at Georges-Pompidou European Hospital in France, between January 2004 and January 2021, that analyzes RVS in hypertensive patients. We studied the data (N = 68) at the time of diagnosis and at two follow up visits: the first after RVS or nephrectomy (V1) and the last visit (V2). Results: At V1, in patients with a lateralized NFK: - 18 underwent nephrectomy: 11 vascular disease, 4 urologic disease, 2 trauma and 1 another cause.- 5 were treated medically: all had a vascular disease In patients who underwent nephrectomy, between the diagnosis, V1 and V2 (N = 12) respectively:a) systolic BP dropped from 156 to 134,50 to 113,92 mmHgb) number of molecules went from 3,1 to 2,4 to 3c) ddd went from 65,56 to 94,9 to 127,8d) at V1: 2 had cured HTN and 6 had a controlled HTN - at V2: 2 had a controlled HTN. In patients with medical treatment, between the diagnosis, V1 and V2 (N = 4) respectively: a) systolic BP dropped from 189 to 170,33 to 133,33 mmHgb) number of molecules increased from 3 to 4,8 at V1 and V2c) ddd increased from 63,35 to 118,3 to 267d) at V1 and V2: 1 had a controlled HTN Conclusions: In patients with lateralized NFK, nephrectomy helps in the control of the BP and reduces systolic BP, number of drugs and ddd. The effect on the BP control seems not to be maintained on the long term. Further studies, with a bigger sample, are needed to define subgroups that can benefit the most from nephrectomy.


The cardiovascular effects of lead (Pb) are not only limited to increased blood pressure and hypertension, but they are also associated with an increased incidence of coronary heart disease, stroke, and peripheral arterial disease. The present study evaluates the effects of Pb poisoning in 90 Albino rats and its amelioration using different concentrations of mushroom/growers mash feed mixture. The results of the present work showed that mushrooms (Pleurotus tuberregium) were able to ameliorate the effect of lead toxicity by reducing total cholesterol, Low Density Lipoprotein/High Density Lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL/HDL-ch) and Coronary Risk Index (CRI) (except in the group of rats fed with 90% feed+ 10% P. tuberregium) and to increase HDL-ch in the experimental rats (except in the group of rats fed with 90% feed+ 10% P. tuberregium) when compared to the control.


Recently Das, Mathur and Okub01) have obtained a zero energy sum rule for the form factor of structure dependent axialvector photon emissions (SDA) from the TC~lvr decays. Since the form factor of structure dependent vector part (SDV) can be related to the matrix element of the decay TCo~2r by means of the CVC hypothesis, DMO have succeeded in giving a reasonable value of the ratio of the SDA and SDV form factors at zero energy. Here we will show an analogous zerq energy theorem for-the corresponding SDA form factor a(v), v~kq in the K-(k)~ l-(P1)+V(P2)+r(q) decays.2) Making use of soft-K technique and chiral SUa X SUa current algebra together with references to the conservation of electromagnetic current and the generalized PCAC relation for strangeness carrying axial-vector currents we are led to a(O) = (V2FK) -1) dm2m4 p(m2)


Recent measurements by the positron-annihilation technique showed that the vacancy-formation volume vf in metallic indium is 6.1+or-0.2 cm3 mol-1. Self-diffusion under pressure showed that its vacancy activation volume vact is 8.1+or-0.4 cm3 mol-1. The application of a recent macroscopic model shows that vf lies between 5.5 and 7 cm3 mol-1 whereas vact is calculated to be between 9.9 and 8.3 cm3 mol-1. For tin the calculated value for the activation volume is 4.73 cm3 mol-1 whereas the experimental value is 5.3+or-0.5 cm3 mol-1.


The procedure can arbitrarily start with P =ab cdef or P =df abce. The second choice would have led to a solution with 47 diodes, but in such a situation one would normally try both cases. The number of nodes at the different levels of a hierarchic tree are 1,d,d(d-1),d(d-1)2, *, d(d-1)U, where u= [k/2-1]. By countREFERENCES ing each level d times except for the lowest level, which is counted [11 J. Hartmanis, "On the state assignment problem for sequential machines. I," only once, we easily find that the number of nodes in the full (d, k) IRE Trans. on Electronic Computers, vol. EC-10, pp. 157-165, June 1961. [2] "Maximal autonomous clocks of sequential machines," IRE Trans. on graph is (for d>2) Electronic Computers (Correspondence), vol. EC-ll, pp. 83-86, February 1962. [3] R. E. Stearns and J. Hartmanis, "On the state assignment problem for se2d quential machines. II," IRE Trans. on Electronic Computers, vol. EC-10, pp. N ((d 1)lklil 1). 593-603, December 1961. [4] H. Allen Curtis, "Multiple reduction of variable dependency of sequential d 2 machines," J. Assoc. for Computing Machinery, vol. 9, pp. 324-344, July 1962. [5] D. B. Armstrong, "A programmed algorithm for assigning internal codes to sequential machines," IRE Trans. on Electronic Computers, vol. EC-ll, pp. This expression is not particularly useful when d is small (com466-472, August 1962. [6] IE'"On the efficient assignment of internal codes to sequential machines,' pare with Table I in Elspas [1]). However, when d is sufficiently IRE Trans. on Electronic Computers, vol. EC-ll, pp. 611-622, October 1962. [7] T. A. Dolotta and E. J. McCluskey, "The coding of internal states of sequential large, N can be used as a general lower bound on n(d, k). It is incircuits," IEEE Trans. on Electronic Computers, vol. EC-13, pp. 549-562, teresting, also, to compare the expression for N with the Moore graph October 1964. upper-bound expression [1]


Phytoplankton are a major concern in the introduction of marine invasive species by ships. The current ballast water performance standard (Regulation D2) under the Ballast Water Convention prescribes the number of viable organisms allowed in discharged ballast water. For organisms ≥10 μm and ≤50 μm in minimum dimension, the D2 allows <10 viable organisms per ml, a size category including mostly phytoplankton. However, many phytoplankton are narrower than 10 μm but much longer than 10 μm. This discrepancy causes two major problems: firstly, ballast water management systems will not be examined for their performance at removing organisms larger than regulated by D2. Secondly, this will require higher concentrations of plankton in the challenge water to meet the required test water condition of >103 ml−1 for organisms of sizes as stipulated in the guidelines. Examination of the seasonal distribution of local Korean fresh and sea water shows that phytoplankton communities are frequently dominated by cells <10 μm in width but >10 μm in length. In addition, review of over 600 freshwater diatoms of elongated shapes reveals that more than 300 are >10 μm long, but <10 μm wide. We suggest consideration of these phytoplankton in land-based or shipboard treatment procedures and to report their treatment efficacy, in addition to reporting the performance of ballast water management systems in accordance with the D2 regulation.


Abstract Japanese brome (Bromus japonicus Thunb. ex Murr.) is an introduced, annual cool-season grass adapted to the central and northern Great Plains. Japanese brome has negatively impacted perennial grasses and decreased seasonal animal gains. Prescribed spring burning and defoliation have been effective in reducing brome density or cover, but little information directly compares the two common strategies. The objectives of this study were to 1) compare annual spring burning and grazing to reduce Japanese brome populations; and 2) evaluate trends of vegetative composition and biomass in burned, grazed, and unburned rangelands infested with Japanese brome. Paddocks with Japanese brome were assigned to one of four treatments: 1) annual prescribed spring burning, 2) spring grazing, 3) a combination of annual spring burning and grazing, and 4) an idle control. Treatments were applied annually from 2000 to 2004. Japanese brome density was greatest in the idle control in all years, even when low winter and spring precipitation limited Japanese brome recruitment. Late spring Japanese brome density was similar in all treatments with grazing or burning in four of the five seasons. Spring burning resulted in less than 65% litter cover the last 3 years, whereas the idle control and spring grazing had over 80% litter cover the last 4 years. Western wheatgrass (Pascopyrum smithii [Rydb.] A. Löve) decreased with spring grazing in burned and unburned paddocks. Buffalograss (Bouteloua dactyloides [Nutt] J. T. Columbus) composition decreased in the idle control treatment. Blue grama (Bouteloua gracilis [Willd. ex Kunth] Lag. ex Griffiths) and sideoats grama (Bouteloua curtipendula [Michx.] Torr.) composition varied by year. Even though annual burning and spring grazing were equally effective in limiting Japanese brome density and biomass compared to the idle control, Japanese brome was still present after 5 years, which indicates the difficulty of eradicating Japanese brome from ecosystems where it has become naturalized.


Carbonic anhydrase histochemistry of kidney and cornea in different species : with a critical study of the specificity of the method


The author recently became aware that Corollary 2.3 in [2] was already proved by T. Suzuki in [3]. In addition it follows from the proof of Theorem 3 in [3] that for any metric space (X, d) and any asymptotic contraction in the sense of Kirk f : X → X, any Picard iteration sequence is Cauchy. However, other results in [2] remain new, namely the explicit and fully uniform rate of convergence in Proposition 2.6. Suzuki also approaches the problem of removing the assumption of a bounded iteration sequence by modifying Kirk's definition of an asymptotic contraction, proving that the new definition covers the old, and by then proving the relevant theorems for the new class of mappings. However, the modified definition introduced by Suzuki is not very similar to the definitions in [2] and [1]. In the very interesting paper [4] Suzuki introduces the concept of an asymptotic contraction of the final type (ACF) and proves a fixed point theorem for these. Suzuki also shows that the definition of an ACF covers the new definition appearing in [3], and also that the ACFs on a metric space (X, d) are exactly the mappings f : X → X s.t. for all x, y ∈ X we have that limn→∞ d(fn(x), fn(y)) = 0 and that (fn(x)) is Cauchy. The concept of an ACF is thus strictly more general than that of a generalized asymptotic contraction in the sense of [2] and [1], since the ACFs on nonempty, complete, bounded metric spaces (X, d) then are the mappings f : X → X s.t. there


Anatomical Differences " (i) Obviously the principal anatomical difference is in size. This difference is not only relative, but actual, for the lumen of the infantile larynx and trachea is smaller in proportion to the body as a whole than is the case with the adult, particularly with the male adult. The larynx may be regarded as an isthmus in the respiratory tract, and it is relatively narrower in the child than in the adult. The greater " choke ", which is most marked in the sub-glottic region, will oBviously predispose to the occurrence of stridor. Gabriel Tucker (1932), who devised a special forceps for taking laryngeal measurements during life, states that while a sub-glottic diameter of 6 mm. is normal, 5 mm. is reduced, and 4 mm. represents a definite stenosis. It must be remembered that before a


Magnetoquasistatic position tracking has been shown to be an excellent technique to measure distances between an emitting and receiving loop for distances up to 50 m along a direction perpendicular to the surface normal of the loops [1]. For short distances from the emitting loop (i.e., less than about ten loop radii) there is an error in the estimated distance. In this paper, we examine the cause of this error and show that a significant portion is due to the simplification of the emitting loop as a simple magnetic dipole. By including a more accurate expression of the source field, errors can be significantly reduced. We show that the first correction term results in a reduction in rms and peak distance estimation error of 12.51 cm (54.44 %) and 11.27 cm (44.72 %), respectively, for distances less than 1.5δ, where δ is the skin depth.


The new species Decaspermum struckoilicum N. Snow & Guymer is described from Queensland. It is distinguished from Decaspermum humile (G. Don) A. J. Scott in Australia by its narrower and more acute leaves, shorter petioles, and unlobed mature fruits. The new species lacks the "vertical false septum" that has been reported to occur in the middle of each locule between seeds in Decaspermum, and which has been used in part to diagnose Decaspermum from related genera. Instead, the three seeds that typically occur per locule in the mature fruit are completely surrounded by an encapsulating membrane. Typically, seeds within the membrane are weakly fused and lack any intervening tissue between them. A key is provided to separate the new species from Decaspermum humile.


Morrison (this issue) criticized the analytical and statistical methods that Escudero and Boersma (2004) used for assessing the participants' cue weightings in their listening experiments. He proposed that logistic regression constitutes a better method for measuring perceptual cue weighting than Escudero and Boersma's "edge difference ratio." The present paper starts by summarizing and illustrating Escudero and Boersma's experiment and analysis method and then addresses five of Morrison's objections—namely the alleged ceiling effect, the alleged superiority of logistic regression, the problem of discarding data, the (dis)confirmation of two-category assimilation, and Escudero and Boersma's grouping of the data. We will argue that although logistic regression is a very good method for measuring cue weighting, there was nothing wrong with Escudero and Boersma's methodology in these five respects.


OF DOCTORAL DISSERTATION HELSINKI UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLO GY P. O. BOX 1000, FI-02015 TKK http://www.tkk.fi Author Jarmo Lundén Name of the dissertation Manuscript submitted July 9, 2009 Manuscript revised Octob er 9, 2009 Date of the defence November 13, 2009 Article dissertation (summary + original articles) Monograph Faculty Department Field of research Opponent(s) Supervisor Instructor


Modeling and stability was studied for a class of networked control systems with multi-packet transmission only between sensors and controllers,and with time delay,data packet dropout and disorder.The disorder problem could be solved by assuming that each datum has a state identifier,introducing a memorizer in the front of controller to store data,and setting a buffer in the memorizer.By applying Lyapunov method,a sufficient condition of asymptotic stability for closed-loop systems was obtained.The simulation result in a numerical example showed that the approach was feasible.


Objective:To establish a bio-aerosol test and estimate technical system to evaluate the efficiency of surgical mask.Methods:Proper bacterial organisms were chosen for the test during which their aerosols were generated,sampled and cultured.According to the bacterial filtration efficiency,the protective efficiency and security of the surgicail mask were determined.Results and Conclusion:The biological test system for testing protective property of surgical masks was established.According to the Technical Requirements for Surgical Masks YY0469-2004,products from different manufacturers were tested.The results showed that the quality of the products varied greatly and the eligible rate of the products was low.This test system unified the standard for evaluating protective performance of surgical masks;and can be used for evaluation of the protection and security performance of surgical masks.


With a view to optimising the placement of warning signal generators (WSG) on tracklaying machinery, a vector calculation of the sound radiation was performed. The WSG are positioned on a calibrating line (H =1,2 m above top of rail) such that the maximum overall sound pressure level is attained there. Practical project planning is performed using an Excel program. The sound pressure level of the background noise and the WSG needs to be known. Individual WSG are placed step by step in freely selectable mounting locations. For the mounting, the respective optimum angles are automatically calculated or a fiducial point on the calibrating line indicated for each WSG. The results are presented both in tables and in graphics.


Let G be an undirected graph on n vertices and let S(G) be the set of all real symmetric n × n matrices whose nonzero off-diagonal entries occur in exactly the positions corresponding to the edges of G. The inverse inertia problem for G asks which inertias can be attained by a matrix in S(G). We give a complete answer to this question for trees in terms of a new family of graph parameters, the maximal disconnection numbers of a graph. We also give a formula for the inertia set of a graph with a cut vertex in terms of inertia sets of proper subgraphs. Finally, we give an example of a graph that is not inertia-balanced, and investigate restrictions on the inertia set of any graph.


Childhood is a unique period of a human life and has an essencial influence on further development of a person. It is a phase of personal growth, when the person is dependent and very vulnerable. A child requires a special approach which corresponds with their age. The aim of this diploma work is to introduce the childhood of the nineteenth century on the basis various writers´ memoirs. The work also deals with the critics of the memoirs as a historical source for history childhood.


Literary theory puts memoirs on the intersection between literary and semi-literary genres, which makes them specific by definition. But when we talk about memoirs of diplomats, they are even more specific, as they are often the only source describing events that took place in diplomatic intercourse. This article analyses the significance of writing memoirs as seen by diplomats through interviews with ten Slovenian diplomats. The interviewees agree that memoirs need to be written, not only to shed light on events that took place in diplomacy, but also because they can be important literary works and contribute to the spread of diplomatic terminology.


This study aimed to evaluate the chemical composition of wood particles (control and treated), and the effects of thermal modification and adhesive levels on the wettability and biological resistance of particleboards made of sugarcane residue and bamboo (Dendrocalamus asper). Therefore, 75% bamboo particles and 25% sugarcane residue (bagasse) were used for producing the particleboards. The particles were treated at 220 °C for 3h35min. Urea formaldehyde (UF) adhesive was used in three solid contents (10%, 12% and 14%) based on the dry mass of the particles. The mat was cold pre-consolidated (pressure of 0,5 MPa for 5 min) and after hot consolidated (3,45 MPa, 180 oC, 10 min). Water and ethylene glycol and two measurement times were used to measure the contact angle. Gloeophyllum trabeum and Rhodonia placenta (brown rot) and Trametes versicolor (white rot) fungi were used for the biological resistance test. There was a change in the chemical composition of the treated particles such as a reduction in the levels of lignin (bagasse and bamboo), total extracts and holocellulose (bagasse). The thermal treatment increased the final contact angles obtained with water. The particleboard surfaces were classified as non-wettable and partially wettable to the tested solvents. The thermal treatment provided biological resistance improvements in the particleboards to the tested fungi, being classified as very resistant to Rhodonia placenta, resistant to very resistant to Gloeophyllum trabeum, and moderate to resistant to Trametes versicolor.


Present density functional calculations of warm dense matter often use the Mermin-Kohn-Sham (MKS) scheme at finite temperature, but employ ground-state approximations to the exchange-correlation (XC) free energy. In the simplest solvable non-trivial model, an asymmetric Hubbard dimer, we calculate the exact many-body energies, the exact Mermin-Kohn-Sham functionals for this system, and extract the exact XC free energy. For moderate temperatures and weak correlation, we show this approximation is excellent, but fails for stronger correlations. We plot various free energy correlation components and the adiabatic connection formula.


This article tested the effect of porosity on thermal behavior of clay-cork composite. Chemical and mineralogical analyses of used clays were done via X-Ray Diffraction and Fluorescence. Thermal characterization was made by Asymmetrical Hot Plate method. An analysis of thermal transmission, thermal resistance and energy-saving of an external wall of new material and another of classic clay brick were made. New material is lightweight and more insulator than full clay-cork composite.


Emerging evidence suggests that a high‐fat diet (HFD) can influence endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and gut microbiota. Crataegi Fructus is a traditional Chinese herb widely used in formulas for dyspepsia, with Dashanzha Pill composed of raw Crataegi Fructus (DR) being a representative drug. Processing products of Crataegi Fructus, however, have a stronger pro‐digestive effect, and we hypothesized that Dashanzha Pill composed of charred Crataegi Fructus (DC) is more effective. We found that the contents of glucose 1‐phosphate and luteolin in DR and DC were substantially different via ultra‐high performance liquid chromatography‐hybrid quadrupole‐Orbitrap high‐resolution mass spectrometry. DC outperformed DR in improving histopathological changes, increasing gastrin and motilin, and decreasing vasoactive intestinal peptides in rats with HFD induced dyspepsia. Fecal microbiota analysis revealed that DC could restore the disturbed intestinal microbiota composition, including that of Bacteroides, Akkermansia, and Intestinimonas to normal levels. Furthermore, DC significantly reduced the mRNA and protein levels of glucose‐regulated protein 78, protein kinase R‐like ER kinase, and eukaryotic initiation factor 2α. Taken together, DC outperformed DR in relieving dyspepsia by regulating gut microbiota and alleviating ER stress.


The invention provides a large frozen soil model test system with a moisturizing function and a frost heaving test function. A moisturizing system and a refrigeration system of the model test system are arranged in a model tank box body; a loading system capable of vertically moving is arranged at the top of the model tank box body; a temperature field test device is arranged at the periphery of the refrigeration system; a frost heaving three-dimensional stress-strain test device is arranged on the inner side wall in the model tank box body; and a frost heaving and thaw collapse observation device is fixedly arranged at the top of the model tank box body. The large frozen soil model test system has the beneficial effects that a platform for scientific research is provided for researching the physical and mechanical properties of artificially frozen soil and optimizing an artificial freezing method; the large frozen soil model test system can be widely applied to freezing method construction model tests in the fields of geotechnical engineering, underground construction, traffic engineering and the like, for example, simulation tests are carried out on underground construction such as shield tunnel inlet and outlet freezing reinforcement, contact passage freezing method construction, and deep foundation pit freezing support; in addition, the natural frozen soil can also be simulated by adjusting control parameters of refrigerating machines; and large frozen soil model test system is applied to research on damages and effects on buildings and structures caused by seasonally frozen ground and frozen soil in permafrost regions.


Implementation of a sustainable security architecture has been quite a challenging task with several technology deployed to achieve the feat. Automatic IDentification (Auto-ID) procedures exist to provide information about people, animals, goods and products in transit and found several applications in purchasing and distribution logistics, industries, manufacturing companies and material flow systems. This work focuses on the development and implementation of an access control system using Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) technology to enhance a sustainable security architecture. The system controls access into a restricted area by granting access only to authorized persons, which incorporates the RFID hardware (RFID tags and readers and their antennas) and the software. The antenna are to be configured for a read range of about 1.5 m and TMBE kit reader module was used to test the RFID tags. The encoding and decoding process for the reading and writing to the tag as well as interfacing of the hardware and software was achieved through the use of a FissaiD RFID Reader Writer. The software that controls the whole system was designed using in Java Language. The database required for saving the necessary information, staff/guest was designed using appropriate DataBase Management System (DBMS). The system designed and implemented provide records of all accesses (check-in and check-out) made into the restricted area with time records. Other than this system, Model based modeling through the MATLAB/Simulink, Arduino platform, etc. can be used for similar implementation.


The goal of this work is to design and implement a new system that allows the user to apply his/her every day motor skills to simulate games. This system adds to the known gaming techniques the physical benefits as well as the real interaction between user and machine. Moreover, the gamers around the world can benefit from this project as well as the people who need physical rehabilitation .The latter can use it to walk and jump without being forced to leave his/her place; a fact which can help them speed up their recovery. The system mainly consists of a Zorb ball that allows the movement of the user in all directions. The Zorb ball is enclosed in a mount to keep it stationary, where it floats on a certain level of water contained within the mount. Video glasses are also used to provide a realistic graphical interface for the user. In addition, an electronic gun is used for aiming and shooting.


are highlighted in the writer's comment : 'The validity of the construct depends on the criteria employed. But scholars themselves are divided about the real value of some of the criteria for discerning the historical Jesus. It is also a construct based on limited evidence and tends to produce a minimalist view that all academics can agree on. At the very most it can only give us a fraction of the detail and colouring of the actual Jesus, i.e. Jesus as he actually was in his lifetime'. This is a very helpful book for students of theology both as an introduction to New Testament scholarship and also as a primer of biblical Christology. Putting solid scholarship in simple language it is also a very readable and informative book for the general reader. But it is a book also that should help scholars to find a firm footing in well-rooted faith and sensible scholarship at a time when skepticism and subjectivism are in the ascendent.


Analyses of the threshold dose of P 32 to control 201 chronic lymphocytic leukemia patients and 100 chronic granulocytic leukemia patients and of the P 32 dose to maintain 133 chronic lymphocytic leukemia patients for a mean period of 50.2 months and 49 chronic granulocytic leukemia patients for a mean period of 33.6 months are analyzed. These threshold doses fit the logarithmic probability distributions given in the tables and figures. See PDF for Figure See PDF for Figure When the dose in mc. to control was plotted against the leukocyte count, a straight line was obtained on log log paper. The equation for this curve for the median dose to control chronic granulocytic leukemia is: log mc. P 32 per 12 weeks = 0.33 log L - 0.633, where L is the leukocyte count on the day the first P 32 was given. The equation for the log log curve relating median dose to control chronic lymphocytic leukemia to initial counts above 15,000 is: log mc. P 32 per 12 weeks = 0.47 log L - 1.420. But the 40 aleukemic or subleukemic cases with leukocyte counts below 15,000 had a median P 32 requirement and standard deviation that did not differ significantly from that for the entire group, suggesting that this subleukemic group includes patients resembling the entire spectrum of cases with elevated initial leukocyte counts. See PDF for Figure See PDF for Figure The median dose of P 32 per year to maintain chronic granulocytic leukemia cases fits the equation: log P 32 per year = 0.546 log L - 1.506, and the corresponding equation for chronic leukemic lymphocytic leukemia is: log mc. P 32 per year = 0.45 log L - 1.22. The group of lymphocytic leukemias with initial counts below 15,000 again showed a median and distribution similar to that for the entire leukemic group. The remarkable fact that the dose requirement years later is related to the initial leukocyte count is discussed. Revised recommendations on dosage schedule for titrated, regularly spaced P 32 therapy of the chronic leukemias are presented. For each individual patient with chronic leukemia, there is a threshold dose of intravenously administered P 32 below which no effect is observed. The dose and interval which will maintain a uniform leukocyte count of about 15,000 may remain unchanged for years or may show abrupt changes at any time to either a lower or higher requirement.


Full descriptions of four Galianthe species, complemented by new data on fruits and seed characters are presented. These species occur at 500–3000 m elevations: G. gertii and G. reitzii in southeastern Brazil; G. guaranitica in eastern Paraguay and central-western Brazil; and G. boliviana in the sub-Andean region of northern Bolivia and southern Peru. Conservation status, with comments on distribution, is provided for three of them and is reassessed for one. The lectotypification of G. guaranitica is discussed.


BackgroundRocuronium is a new nondepolarizing neuromuscular blocking agent with a rapid onset but with intermediate duration of action. Mivacurium, on the other hand, is a new short-acting nondepolarizing neuromuscular relaxant, but of slower onset of action. The current study was undertaken to characterize the interaction between rocuronium and mivacurium. MethodsIn the first study, the dose-response relations of rocuronium, mivacurium, and their combination were studied in ASA physical status 1 or 2 patients during thiopental-fentanyl-N2O anesthesia. One hundred ten patients, randomly assigned to 1 of 11 groups of 10 patients each, received miv-acurium 30, 50, or 70 μg · kg−1; rocuronium 100, 200, 250, or 300 μg · kg−1; or an equieffective combination of both drugs (1 ED50 rocuronium + 1 ED50 mivacurium; 1/2 ED50 rocuronium + 1/2 ED50 mivacurium; 1/4 ED50 rocuronium + 1/4 ED50 mivacurium; or 1/8 ED50 rocuronium + 1/8 ED50 mivacurium, where ED50 is the dose producing 50% depression of the first twitch height). In the second study, 50 patients, ASA physical status 1 or 2, anesthetized with thiopental-fentanyl-N2O, were randomly allocated to 5 groups of 10 patients each to receive one of the following neuromuscular blocking drugs or drug combination: rocuronium 600 μg · kg−1 (group 1), mivacurium 150 μg · kg−1 (group 2) rocuronium 150 μg · kg−1 + mivacurium 37.5 μg · kg−1 (group 3), rocuronium 300 μg · kg−1 + mivacurium 75 μg · kg−1 ((group 4), or rocuronium 600 μg · kg−1 + mivacurium 150 μg · kg−1 (group 5). ResultsThe calculated ED50 values and their 95% confidence intervals were 125 (122–129) and 37 (36–38) μg · kg−1 for the rocuronium and mivacurium groups, respectively. The interaction between rocuronium and mivacurium was found to be synergistic. The measured ED50 of the mixture was only 62% of the predicted value assuming a purely additive interaction. In the second study, rocuronium 600 μg · kg−1 group and group 3 had similar onset times (99 [74–123] and 114 [100–128] s, respectively), which were significantly shorter than that observed in the mivacurium 150 μg · kg−1 group (178 [149–206] s). Onset times in groups 4 and 5 were significantly shorter than that in each of the other study groups (69 [63–76] and 73 [65–80] s, respectively). Clinical duration of action (recovery of T1 to 25% of baseline twitch height) was significantly greater in group 5 (55 [51–60] min) than with all other doses and agents, and briefest (P < 0.01) with mivacurium 150 μg · kg−1 (14.5 [12.6–16.5] min) and group 3 (14.7 [13.4–16] min). ConclnsionsThe interaction between rocuronium and mivacurium was found to be synergistic.


The objective was to determine the proportion of patients presenting to the Emergency Department (ED) in atrialfibrillation (AF) who are at high risk of thromboembolic stroke as defined by the American Heart Association andwho might benefit from anticoagulation therapy.We enrolled all patients identified as having AF between 28th June 1999 and 26th March 2000. Data collectedincluded demographic information, presenting complaint, discharge diagnosis, risk factors for thromboembolic stroke,contraindications to anticoagulation (as defined by the Stroke Prevention in AF Investigators), admission anddischarge medications, and cardiac rhythm on presentation and at discharge.193 patients were identified within the study period. Two patient histories were not available for review. 121 patientshad a prior history of AF. Of these, 65 patients were at high risk for thromboembolic stroke and had no contra-indicationto anticoagulation therapy. 43 (66%) were on Warfarin at presentation but 14 (22%) were on Aspirinand 8 (12%) were on neither.34% of patients with chronic atrial fibrillation presenting to the ED, at high risk of thromboembolic stroke andwithout contra-indication to anticoagulation, were not anticoagulated on presentation. ED attendance provides anopportunity for intervention for the prevention of stroke in this group.


BACKGROUND
 Massive open online courses (MOOCs) are a form of free online distance learning. This research was based on xMOOCs that have more classical form.

 OBJECTIVE
 To determine the usefulness of an extended MOOC (xMOOC) in improving the academic performance of occupational therapy and physical therapy students, to determine whether an xMOOC increases empathy, and to test a hypothetical model through the structural equation analysis.

 METHODS
 This research was carried out using a descriptive and quasi-experimental design. It was conducted in a sample of 381 participants: 176 used an xMOOC and 205 did not.

 RESULTS
 The Student's t-test showed statistically significant differences in academic performance between the groups in favor of those students who had completed the xMOOC. Statistically significant differences in empathy were also obtained between the pre (X= 62.06; SD= 4.41) and post (X=73.77; SD= 9.93) tests. The hypothetical model tested via structural equation modeling was supported by the results. Motivation for the xMOOC explained 50% of the variance of the xMOOC. The xMOOC (participation and realization) explained 58% of academic performance, 35% of cognitive empathy and 48% of affective empathy.

 CONCLUSIONS
 The results suggest an association between higher participation in and completion of the x-MOOC and higher levels of academic performance, and cognitive and affective empathy.


The paper attempts to critically analyse the representation of cultural versatility about tradition, rituals, family, class and identities through the lens of Amit Chaudhuri's novel A New World. By shedding light on culturally significant locations like Kolkata's streets and markets as well as cultural components like cuisine and music in Bengali society, he hopes to study and re-examine the city's past while portraying its present. The Indian immigrant Jayojit Chatterjee and his son Bonny's hybridised sense of identity, dislocation, and alienation would be further discussed in Genealogy and Cultural Versatility. A New World does not substantively explore the struggle to conquer life in his new world. Instead, the novel is a celebration of the old world Jayojit has left behind.


The adsorption of phenol by de-oiled cake of Jatropha has been studied to determine its potential usage as an adsorbent in the treatment of aqueous phenolic solution. In the current research, the influence of several process parameters (namely, pH, initial phenol concentration, and amount of adsorbent) has been explored to maximize the phenol–sorption potential of Jatropha de-oiled cake. The optimum phenol uptake was estimated for initial concentration (100 mg/L), solution pH (6.0), adsorbent dosage (6 g/L), and contact time (6.5 h). The suitability of isotherms amongst various bi-parametric isotherm models is, found to be in the following order: Langmuir and modified Langmuir-1 > Temkin > Freundlich > D–R. The equilibrium adsorption capacity (mg/g) was found to be 12.5 and 14.3 mg/g (for second-order model) and the rate of the adsorption process was found to be better described using the pseudo-second-order kinetic model. The adsorption process was found to be essentially chemisorption.


This study explores opinions and attitudes of heterosexuals on the right of homosexual couplesto marry and raise children. The study reflects the benefits of children, brought up by gay parents. The study also provides a concise probe into the empirical research problems. The research sample consisted of participants who identified themselves as heterosexual. Most respondents stated that they supported STUDIE Heteronormalita vo vzťahu k socializácii a adopcii detí . . . the right of homosexual couples to marry, however, recognition of the right to adopt children by homosexual couples was met with a rather unfavorable opinion. Disapprovement to the equal parental rights for homosexual couples based mainly on concerns about the children growing up and being raised by homosexual parents.


Over the past decade, researchers and practitioners alike have increasingly considered the feedback environment, or the social context in which feedback exchanges occur. Along with this, researcher...


【Objective】 To study of the curative effect of treatment in retinal detachment after vitrectomy combined with injection of silicone oil and perfluoropropane(C3F8) gas.【Method】 68 cases(68 eyes) were divided into two groups(A and B).In Group A,38 cases were injected with C3F8 gas after vitrectomy.In Group B,30 cases were filled with silicone oil.The reattachment rate,corrected vision and postoperative complications of the 2 groups were recorded 3~6 months later.【Results】 31 cases in Group A had a complete reattachment(81.6%) of the retina,and 27 cases had a corrected vision more than 0.1(71.1%).In 25 cases of Group B,the retina was completely reattached(83.3%) and in 14 cases,the corrected vision was above 0.1(46.7%).The reattachment rate in both groups had no statistic difference(P 0.05).While the correct vision in Group A after operation was obviously better than that in Group A(P 0.05).Also,Group B had more complications after operation.【Conclusions】 C3F8 group,compared with the silicone oil group has a close reattachment rate,a rather higher recovery of the vision and less complications as well,and it should be the first choice as the vitreous replacement material in vitrectomy for retinal detachment.


The color of cultivated surface samples from Chernozemic and Gray Wooded soils were measured by visual and spectroreflectance methods. Variations in visual color measurements among different observers were of sufficient magnitude to represent serious errors in the application of the soil color criteria outlined in the Canadian soil classification system.Spectroreflectance measurements facilitated the accurate measurement and characterization of the Munsell renotations of Chernozemic and Gray Wooded soils sampled within their respective soil zones. The ratio of renotation value: renotation chroma of the Chernozemic samples (air-dry) were distinctly lower than those of the Gray Wooded samples. The presence of moisture caused a greater decrease in the renotation value of the Gray Wooded samples than it did in the Chernozemic samples. The renotation hue of most of the measured samples occurred midway between the 10YR and 2.5Y hue charts currently available in the Munsell soil color chart series.Color measurem...


Network intrusion detection is critical component of network management for security, quality of service and other purposes. These systems allow early detection of network intrusion and malicious activities; based on this detection, appropriate actions can be applied to manage these attacks. Several network intrusion detection systems are proposed and evaluated and many of them are currently in use to provide better security. Currently, computer networks are generating high volume of data traffic which cannot be analyzed by most network intrusion detection systems. This situation requires new techniques that can handle huge volume of real time data traffic and it must maintain the high throughput. We have proposed to network intrusion system based on support vector machine in this work. We also propose to use Apache Storm framework; which is a real-time distributed stream processing framework. This network intrusion system is tested for KDD 99 network intrusion dataset.


Endosperm starch isolated from an amylose-free waxy mutant hull-less barley line, Shikoku Hadaka 97, had an amylose content of 0.3% and higher swelling power than ordinary waxy barley cultivars/lines with amylose contents of 2.2-6.5%. A highly significant correlation was observed between amylose content and swelling power among waxy barley starches. No clear differences were detected in the chain-length distribution profiles or thermal properties between the amylose-free starch and ordinary waxy starch. The chain-length distribution profile of waxy barley starch was slightly different from that of normal barley starch. Gelatinization temperatures and gelatinization enthalpy of waxy barley starch were higher than those of normal barley starch. Significant correlations were observed between amylose content and thermal properties of starch samples analyzed. Waxy barley starch stained with a concentrated iodine-potassium iodide solution showed a ghost-like appearance.


This article describes how cloud computing and the convergence toward "Everything as a service" have encouraged the proliferation of services ready for use. These facilities have increased the requests of the companies for the development of the applications. In this context, where the reusability is needed, cloud service composition techniques are widely used. However, traditional centralized service composition techniques are not sufficient to address the needs of applications in highly dynamic and open environments. Early attempts for service composition models in decentralized environments have been proposed, but they are limited by their ability to adapt when deploying in highly dynamic and open environments. In this paper, the authors use Stigmergic-based self-organization mechanisms inspired from nature to model the decentralized service interactions and handle service composition in highly dynamic and open environments.


Manual work is taken over the robot technology and many of the related robot appliances are being used extensively also. Here represents the technology that proposed the working of robot for Floor cleaning. This floor cleaner robot can work in any of two modes i.e. "Automatic and Manual". All hardware and software operations are controlled by AT89S52 microcontroller. This robot can perform sweeping and mopping task. RF modules have been used for wireless communication between remote (manual mode) and robot and having range 50m. This robot is incorporated with IR sensor for obstacle detection and automatic water sprayer pump. Four motors are used, two for cleaning, one for water pump and one for wheels. Dual relay circuit used to drive the motors one for water pump and another for cleaner. In previous work, there was no automatic water sprayer used and works only in automatic mode. In the automatic mode robot control all the operations itself and change the lane in case of hurdle detection and moves back. In the manual mode, the keypad is used to perform the expected task and to operate robot. In manual mode, RF module has been used to transmit and receive the information between remote and robot and display the information related to the hurdle detection on LCD. The whole circuitry is connected with 12V battery.


. It is proved consistent with ZFC + GCH that for every Whitehead group A of infinite rank, there is a Whitehead group H A such that Ext( H A ,A ) (cid:54) = 0. This is a strong generalization of the con- sistency of the existence of non-free Whitehead groups. A consequence is that it is undecidable in ZFC + GCH whether every Z -module has a ⊥ { Z } -precover. Moreover, for a large class of Z -modules N , it is proved consistent that a known sufficient condition for the existence of ⊥ { N } precovers is not satisfied.


A design methodology is presented which addresses three main issues in the control of Large Space Structures: improving the disturbance attenuation of the system. implementing the design as a low order output feedback controller and ensuring that the controller is robust to modeling uncertainty. The method developed to solve this problem makes use of projective controls. A new frequency domain characterization of the disturbance attenuation properties of projective controllers is developed in order to use design freedoms in the controllers to achieve robust disturbance attenuation. A 20 mode LSS example demonstrates the use of this methodology.


Up to now, advantages and disadvantages in the treatment of hypertensive middle_ and large_amount cerebral hemorrhage (HMLCH) by western medicine or traditional Chinese medicine,or by medical treatment or surgical treatment still exist. Mortality and disablement rate remain high. Western medicine combined with Chinese herbal medicine shows better effect in treating HMLCH, but the related research is preliminary. Therefore, thoughts of establishing comprehensive therapeutic protocols for HMLCH are presented as follows. Western medicine combined with Chinese herbal medicine is the fundamental therapeutic principle. Proper surgical operation should be employed promptly to clear away hemotoma and relieve the symptoms first according to the situation of the patient, hospital and the surgeon. Clearing heat and calming the liver, removing blood stasis and phlegm, relaxing the bowels and restoring consciousness are the fundamental therapeutic methods for HMLCH with yang_excess syndrome, and reinforcing Qi and activating blood circulation, removing phlegm and dredging channels, relaxing the bowels and restoring consciousness for yin_excess syndrome. Routine treatment and symptomatic treatment also should be taken into account.


In large and complicated stellar systems like galaxies, it is difficult to predict the number and characteristics of a black hole (BH) population. Such populations may be modeled as an aggregation of homogeneous (i.e., having uniform star formation history and the same initial chemical composition) stellar populations. Using realistic evolutionary models, we predict the abundances and properties of BHs formed from binaries in these environments. We show that the BH population will be dominated by single BHs originating from binary disruptions and stellar mergers. Furthermore, we discuss how BH populations are influenced by such factors as initial parameters, metallicity, initial mass function, and natal kick models. As an example application of our results, we estimate that about 26 microlensing events happen every year in the direction of the Galactic Bulge due to BHs in a survey like OGLE-IV. Our results may be used to perform in-depth studies related to realistic BH populations, such as observational predictions for space survey missions like Gaia or Einstein Probe. We prepared a publicly available database with the raw data from our simulations to be used for more in-depth studies.


The polarization and gravimetric investigations of the anodic behavior of brass in phosphate-butanol solutions have been carried out. It was shown that the addition of butyl alcohol to the phosphate electrolyte conditions the origination of the effect of electrochemical polishing. The polarization dependencies of the brass anode in the electrolytes containing butanol are peculiar for the metals prone to the passive state transition. The sections of polarization dependences correspond to active dissolution domain, the active-passive state domain, passive brass state domain and the domain of a joint progress of the process of alloy dissolution and oxygen release. The obtained experimental data show the reasonability of the addition of butanol to the phosphate electrolyte to obtain a high quality brilliant metal surface.


This review aims to consider polymorphisms of the genes coding the main Toll-like receptors, in a context of their influence on an organism resistance to various infectious diseases of the bacterial and virus nature. In the present work, along with the generalized data on the congenital immunity and, in particular, on Toll-like receptors, we have analyzed both available data on the SNPs leading to the disturbance of recognizing infectious agents and, thus, to decreasing in an organism susceptibility to infectious agents.


Background The aim and objective of our investigations were to explore the prognostic value of various clinical and pathological factors of bone malignant vascular tumors and establish a nomogram for their outcome predictions. Material/Methods All data of primary bone malignant vascular tumors (MVTs) patients were randomly selected from the Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results (SEER) database. However, selected patients were clinically diagnosed with various cancers during 1988–2015. The potential prognostic factors were analyzed using SPSS (Windows, version 22.0). All prognostic factors were combined to formulate a nomogram to predict the overall survival (OS). Results A total of 266 selected patients were included in our study. In the univariate model, age (P<0.001), sex (p=0.0255), primary site (P<0.001), surgery (P<0.001), histologic type (P<0.001), metastasis (p=0.000), and pathological grade (P<0.001) were statistically significant for patient survival. The results of Cox analysis revealed that age (≥64) HR: 3.636, 95% CI [1.955–6.762], p=0.000, the primary site in skull HR: 2.6, 95% CI [1.584–4.268], p<0.001], without surgery HR: 1.473 95% CI [1.239–1.751], p<0.001, metastasis HR: 3.076 95% CI [1.983–4.771] p=0.000, man HR 1.802, 95% CI [1.032–3.004], p=0.045, and high malignant grade HR: 3.029, 95% CI [2.101–4.366], p=0.003 were independent unfavorable prognostic factors. Angiosarcoma had highest mortality rate among all vascular malignancies. The nomogram predicting overall survival achieved a C-index of 0.694 (95% CI 0.631, 0.745) in the SEER cohort. Conclusions Surgery can significantly increase OS survival time for bone MVTs, and low-grade malignancy is a significant factor for OS. However, advanced age, tumor metastasis, primary site in skull, AS, and male sex are predictors of poor prognosis.


Structure-activity relationships of fungicidal Δ3−1,2,4-thiadiazolines were investigated by using molecular orbital (MO) calculations. Semiempirical MO calculations by MNDO-PM3 method suggested that the reactivity of HOMO at the sulfur atom in the thiadiazoline ring is important to inhibit SH-enzymes. In order to quantify the reactivity of the thiadiazolines, we defined an index, R(1), which is the electron density of HOMO at the sulfur divided by the orbital energy of HOMO. The fungicidal activity against cucumber downy mildew highly correlated with the R(1) index and hydrophobicity of molecule. The significance of R(1) and its square term in the QSAR equations suggested that a suitable range of reactivity is required to control the plant disease through the inhibition of SH-enzymes.


Monitoring warfarin with Fiix‐prothrombin time (Fiix‐PT), which is only affected by coagulation factors II and X, stabilizes anticoagulation and reduces thromboembolism compared to PT/INR monitoring. We compared outcome in nonvalvular atrial fibrillation (NVAF) patients treated with Fiix‐warfarin, direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs), or PT‐warfarin.


We constrain the role of different SN Ia channels in the chemical enrichment of the Galaxy by studying the abundances of nickel in Galactic stars. We investigate four different SN Ia sub-classes, including the classical single-degenerate near-Chandrasekhar mass SN Ia, the fainter SN Iax systems associated with He accretion from the companion, as well as two sub-Ch mass SN Ia channels. The latter include the double-detonation of a white dwarf accreting helium-rich matter and violent white dwarf mergers. NLTE models of Fe and Ni are used in the abundance analysis. In the GCE models, we include new delay time distributions arising from the different SN Ia channels, as well as recent yields for core-collapse supernovae and AGB stars. The data-model comparison is performed using a Markov chain Monte Carlo framework that allows us to explore the entire parameter space allowed by the diversity of explosion mechanisms and the Galactic SN Ia rate, taking into account the uncertainties of the observed data. We show that NLTE effects have a non-negligible impact on the observed [Ni/Fe] ratios in the Galactic stars. The NLTE corrections to Ni abundances are not large, but strictly positive, lifting the [Ni/Fe] ratios by ~+0.15 dex at [Fe/H] =-2. We find that that the distributions of [Ni/Fe] in LTE and in NLTE are very tight, with a scatter of<0.1 dex at all metallicities, supporting earlier work. In LTE, most stars have scaled-solar Ni abundances, [Ni/Fe] = 0, with a slight tendency for sub-solar [Ni/Fe] ratios at lower [Fe/H]. In NLTE, however, we find a mild anti-correlation between [Ni/Fe] and metallicity, and a slightly elevated [Ni/Fe] ratios at [Fe/H]<-1.0. The NLTE data can be explained by the GCE models calculated with a substantial, ~ 75%, fraction of sub-Ch SN Ia.


Power-line communication (PLC) has been the main enabler for modernizing the aging electrical power grid. As such, PLC systems have been the subject of intensive research in the community. One of the major aspects of PLC is the link interface, for which orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM) has been widely adopted. In this paper, we propose the application of orthogonal poly-phase-based multicarrier code division multiple access (OPP-MC-CDMA) due to its inherent better flexibility and signal-envelope properties which can be utilized to further enhance the reliability of PLC signals. The proposed OPP-MC-CDMA system is implemented with a minimum mean square error equalizer and nonlinear preprocessing to overcome the effects of bursty noise and multipath frequency-selective fading commonly experienced in PLC channels. We study the performance of this system in terms of the output signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and symbol error rate with various constellation sizes of OPP codes under different noise scenarios and nonlinear processor's thresholds. For comparison-sake, the performance of the OFDM scheme is included. The results reveal that the proposed approach always provides superior performance over the OFDM one with a maximum output SNR gain of up to 5.25 dB. It is also shown that the performance of the OPP-MC-CDMA technique improves when increasing the constellation size of the OPP codes, which consequently enhances the reliability of PLC.


The larger quantities of stones gained since 1975 from agricultural improvements has given rise to a study to find a useful purpose for them. A study commissioned by the main highway authorities analyses the politic-economical relationships of utilizing these reserves for roads with little traffic. Out of 6.3 million ha useful agricultural areas of the German Democratic Republic about 2.0 million ha are mixed with stones. Because of their higher strength stones occurring in the northern areas are removed and utilized first. Information is given on removal capacities, quality, particle distribution and the utilization of field stones as a road construction material, which are processed into aggregate or chippings or used unprocessed. The location of use of this material is dependent on haulage distances. A prerequisite for efficient utilization is the availability of a mobile crusher plant with a capacity of about 50 t/h. These machines are only available at the moment through imports from the USSR. Stones gathered from fields as a construction material can satisfy about 15-30% of thedemand for farm road construction work. (TRRL)


The Hyperscore graphical computer-assisted composition system for users with limited or no musical training takes freehand drawing as input, letting users literally sketch their pieces. Designing an intelligent, intuitive system that enables novices-particularly children-to compose music is a difficult task. We can view the problem as a spectrum of tasks that range from the development of musical algorithms for automating the compositional process to designing an appropriate interface for humans to interact with the machine. The Hyperscore software tool attempts to address both of these issues.


Ecological explanations for the prevalence of resource specialists are abundant, whereas phylogenetic evidence on their origins is scarce. In this paper, we provide a molecular phylogenetic study of the 19 specialist or generalist species in the bark beetle genus Dendroctonus, which collectively attack species in four different genera in the conifer family Pinaceae. Given substantial variation in diet breadth, we asked two general questions concerning the evolution of resource use in this group. How conservative is the evolution of host use in these insects? Does specialization tend to be derived (i.e., a "dead end")?


This paper reports on analytical and experimental atudiea of the rate of flow of gas into a timber floored test hut at the Building Research Establishment. The analytical results give insight into the nature of the flow through bare soil and will prove useful in verifying computational models. The experimental work took place at the BRE radon pit. The flow rates through the sand produced by different pressures in the under floor space were measured. The analytical solution gives good agreement with the measured flow rate and will in future be compared with the measured pressure field. The results will be useful in underatding the effectiveness of remedial measures for this t floored I ype of floor structure.


The invention concerns a method and a device for shooting spherical pictures to produce a succession of digitised images about an object (6), in order to subsequently enable a three-dimensional observation of said object by computer means. The invention is in particular useful for producing digitised films representing an object rotating about its centre of rotation.


Nerve compression by a ganglion is rare in children. Compression of the peroneal nerve by a ganglionic cyst causing foot drop is reported in an adolescent male. CASE REPORT A 14 year-old male tennis player presented with a gradually progressive left foot drop. Three weeks prior, he found a knot behind his left knee that resolved. Sagital MRI T2weighted images of the left knee demonstrated a lobulated, cystic mass, antero-lateral to the fibular head. Upon excision, a ganglion cyst was found to be compressing the common peroneal nerve. The child recovered at three months. CONCLUSION