cines and the template described in An-derson and Hanson [2]. Blower falsely claims (e.g., see [3], p. 118) that her 1993 and 1994 articles included , to quote, " the first transmission model of HIV vaccines to assess the potential epidemic-level impact of imperfect vaccines. " This is incorrect—the 1991 Nature article by Anderson et al. was the first. To the Editor—Zygomycosis is an inva-sive fungal infection caused by various members of the class Mucorales and usually occurs in patients with ketoacidotic diabetes or hematological disorders. It most commonly occurs in patients with acute leukemia or lymphoma who develop neutropenia as a result of malignan-cy or chemotherapy and in transplant recipients receiving immunosuppressive treatment [1]. Recently, some reports have suggested an increase in the incidence of zygo-mycosis in association with prophylactic voriconazole (VRC) use in immunosup-pressed patients [2–5]. In a recent article , Kontoyiannis et al. reported the results of an observational matched case-control study comparing consecutive patients with zygomycosis and 2 control groups, patients without an invasive mold infection and patients with invasive aspergillosis [6]. The authors identified 27 patients with zygomycosis; 13 (48%) of them had received previous VRC pro-phylaxis. In a multivariate analysis comparing the patients with zygomycosis and the patients without an invasive mold infection , VRC prophylaxis, diabetes, and malnutrition were found to be independent risk factors for zygomycosis. When the patients with zygomycosis and the patients with invasive aspergillosis were compared, VRC prophylaxis was found to be the most relevant factor favoring the onset of zygomycosis. Kontoyiannis et al. suggest that the increased incidence of zygomycosis might reflect the increasing and prolonged use of oral VRC versus parenteral agents with activity against Zygomycetes. However, it is important to determine whether the increased incidence of zygomycosis is due solely to an increase in oral VRC use or can also be attributed to improvement of the tools of diagnosis and to increased attention to this infection by physicians. Certainly, an increase in breakthrough infections by opportunistic pathogens is a concern with any antimicrobial agent— VRC is no exception—and it is true that the increased incidence of zygomycosis stands in contrast to the previous breakthrough infections seen when fluconazole or itraconazole were used for prophylaxis [7, 8]. However, an increase in the incidence of zygomycosis over the past 20 years has already been described [9]. In a multicenter retrospective survey conducted over a 15-year period (1987– 2001) …


Classical LLE(Locally Linear Embedding) finds manifold with low dimension embedded in high dimensional space.But just like Isomap and Laplacian Eigenmaps,class labels are not used during manifold learning. Using class label information will help find a more meaningful mapping from image space to lower manifold space.And this mapping can handle pose variance during face recognition procedure.Finally,explicit mapping is learned via a linear approximation.High recognition rate is reached on FERET database during pose change from-60 to +60 degree.


FIELD: chemistry. SUBSTANCE: polysaccharide or a polysaccharide derivative is adsorbed on fibres of a suspension cellulose material for at least 1 minute in the presence of monovalent or polyvalent cations, such as aluminium, calcium and/or sodium salts. The obtained fibrous suspension is subjected to mechanical disintegration with obtaining nanofilbrillated cellulose, modified with polysaccharide or the polysaccharide derivative. EFFECT: invention makes it possible to reduce an amount of energy, spent on defibration, as well as to obtain paper with improved qualities. 23 cl, 6 tbl, 6 dwg, 2 ex


The mortality rate when abortion is accompanied by sterilization is 6 times greater than when abortion is performed alone. The figures for different regional health authorities of residence show that in some areas abortion is 3 times more likely to be accompanied by sterilization. Comparison of National Health Service (NHS) and non-NHS (private and charitable) sectors show that women are 7 times more likely to be sterilized or aborted when receiving NHS treatment regardless of marital status. Differences in the rates of hysterectomy and hysterotomy analyzed in the same way support the idea that the attitude of the gynecologist is the major factor in the observed variation. It is suggested that in view of the higher incidence of regret in women sterilized at the time of abortion as well as the increased morbidity and mortality the operations should not be combined. Information about sterilization should include the disadvantages of the operation as well as the advantages. Doctors should work together to establish a properly organized sterilization service within the NHS throughout the country. (Authors)


Haze is an atmospheric property where mist, dust, fog and smoke plays a major role in concealing the contrast of the images. In this survey, various haze removal techniques are studied and compared. Many efficient haze removal algorithms are so far proposed. The fog removal algorithms fall under two categories namely, multiple images and single image techniques. The dark channel prior and color attenuation prior techniques of the single image haze removal have provided quite better results among the available techniques. The objective of this survey paper is to overcome the disadvantages of the earlier techniques of image processing applications. Keywords— Haze removal, dehazing, Dark channel prior, Color Attenuation Prior, Fog removal, Dehazing Multiple images, Single image dehazing .


The influence of oil structures on the content of heavy hydrocarbon gases in the component composition of free gases in the rocks of the overlying silvinite formations is considered. There is an assumption about the influence of reef formations on the overlying sedimentary deposits and the development of sub-vertical cracks, through which heavy hydrocarbon gases can penetrate into the overlying potash layers. The aim of the study is to study the relationship between the nature of the distribution of heavy hydrocarbon gases and geological disturbances and the subsequent prediction of the gas-dynamic situation during the development of potash reservoirs. The method consists of drilling holes into the roof of the mine, sealing the hole with a sealer, and then taking gas from the sealed part to the sampler and analyzing it on a gas chromatograph. The highest values of heavy hydrocarbon gases were determined for the Bc, AБ and KpII formations at the BPPU-4 mine field of PJSC Uralkali.


This article presents an adaptive control framework for dynamically reconfigurable battery (DRB) systems based on the deep reinforcement learning method. The proposed adaptive control framework relies on deep Q-network to learn the DRB system operations. By utilizing its model-free nature, the proposed framework can significantly reduce the complexity of building experiences or expert models for DRB systems as well as improve battery operating time by ensuring cell balancing. Extensive simulation and experimental study has been carried out with data gathered from a real-world DRB testbed, and the results show the effectiveness and efficiency of the proposed control framework.


The results of investigation into the erosion-abrasion resistance according to CRD-C 63-80 test method and abrasion resistance according to Bohme test method of steel fibre reinforced concrete specimens are discussed in the paper. Nine mix proportions were used. The w/c ratios were varied from 0.30 to 0.65. The volumetric percentage of hooked steel fibres were varied from 0.25 to 2.0 vol. percent at the w/c of 0.30 and at the others the quantity of fibres was constant. In addition, mixes without fibres were made at each w/c. Results show that adding steel fibres into the concrete improves the resistances as measured by both test methods. The erosion-abrasion resistance is improved by an increase of compressive strength and by an increase in fibre content. It can be correlated to improvements of abrasion resistance from the Bohme test method but only at constant w/c and different content of fibres.


This paper presents a comprehensive empirical study on the correlations between users' interest similarity and various social features across three interest domains (i.e., movie, music and TV). This study relies on a large dataset, containing 479, 048 users and 5, 263, 351 user-generated interests, captured from Facebook. We identify the social features from three types of the users' information - demographic information (e.g., age, gender, location), social relations (i.e., friendship), and users' interests. The results reveal that the interest similarity follows the homophily principle. Particularly, the results show that two users are more likely to be alike in their interests 1) if they exhibit more similarity in their demographic characteristics (e.g., similar age, same gender, or close to each other geographically), or 2) if they are more intimate in their friendship, or 3) if they present a higher average interest individuality (i.e., a measurement for estimating the personalized characteristics of a user's interests). The empirical observations could be exploited to infer how two users are alike in their interests according to the social features, which could be further harnessed by various practical applications and services, such as recommendation system and advertisement service.


e16001 Background: Majority of patients with head and neck cancer present with locally advanced disease. Most of the patients are treated with concurrent chemoradiotherapy. However, the toxicities are substantial and can be associated with severe local and systemic toxicities. Alternate schedules of cisplatin have been tried to overcome these toxicities. No formal comparison, however, has been reported between alternate schedules and reference regimen in literature. The primary aim is to report a retrospective study comparing alternate schedule of cisplatin with standard three weekly bolus cisplatin in terms of effectiveness and related toxicities.

METHODS
Patients with head and neck cancers who were treated with concurrent chemoradiotherapy in our center between periods of 2007-2009 were retrospectively analyzed. Basic demographics and clinical characteristics' of the patients were collected. Parameters such as overall survival rate, locoregional or systemic relapse rates, and time to local/systemic relapse, which show treatment effectiveness and also main toxicity, parameters were recorded.

RESULTS
Fifty five eligible patients were analyzed retrospectively. No significant difference was observed between the two groups of the study as compared to the median overall survival time. One, two, and three-year probability of survival for patients in groups A and B were 75% to 65% in one year, 63% to 56% in two year, and 63% to 52% in three year, respectively. Locoregional relapse and systemic relapse were similar in both groups. Although time to local and systemic relapse was higher in group B as compared to group A, a statistical analysis was failed to show any significant difference. Furthermore, there was no significant difference between groups with respect to major toxicities. Only development of grade III-IV mucositis during treatment showed significant effect on OS in univariate analysis.

CONCLUSIONS
In patients with head and neck cancer, concurrent chemoradiotherapy with weekly cisplatin can be accepted as effective as concurrent chemoradiotherapy with three weekly high dose bolus cisplatin.


Gegenstand der Arbeit ist die Synthese des Natriumsilikathydrates (NaSH) Magadiit im ternaren System Na2O · SiO2 · H2O. Die Kinetik der Kristallisation wird verfolgt und durch physikalische und chemische Methoden charakterisiert. Auf Basis dieser Ergebnisse wird eine Modellvorstellung fur die Kristallisation des Magadiits entwickelt und angegeben.

The Hydrothermal Magadiite Crystallisation. 1. The Kinetic of the Crystallisation - Possibilities of their Description

The topic of this paper is the synthesis of the sodium-silicate hydrate (NaSH) magadiite within reaction mixtures of the ternary system Na2O · SiO2 · H2O. The crystallisation kinetics are studied and characterized by means of physical and chemical methods. As a result of this investigations a schematic model representation of the magadiit crystallisation is given.


This research consisted of the bibliometric analysis of Gastronomy articles published in two Tourism journals classified in Qualis Capes. The incidence, the origin and the types of references used in the scientific production in Gastronomy in Brazil were observed. The search resulted in 34 articles within the theme, published between the years 2000 and 2016. 2013 was the most productive year. The journal that contributed most was Rosa dos Ventos – Turismo e Hospitalidade. Most of the works were developed by doubles, distributed in more than 48 educational institutions and composed predominantly by Ph.D. The most contribution comes from Univali University authors. The most frequent themes refer to the typology, celebrations and training in gastronomy, and to tourism typologies. The sources that founded the articles were Brazilian books and journals older than five years.


A two-dimensional computer model of an oxygen sensor-based micro immunosensor was developed based on the finite element method. The results showed the feasibility of the model immunosensor. The working range of the model sensor was about 3 decades, which agrees well with the experimental data reported in the literature. Significantly different performance was also found between a sensor in a stop-flow setup and a sensor in a flow cell.<<ETX>>


The topic in the title consists of two parts. On the one hand there is literarization of oral folklore, in which the aesthetic standard was set for a long time by Fran Milcinski's Pravljice (Fairy Tales) of 1911. On the other hand there are book-lenght fairy tales which touch upon oral folklore only in certain elements, but are, particulary with respect to their subject matter, autonomous works by individual authors. Their pinnacle is Misko Kranjec' Povest o dobrih ljudeh (A Tale about Good People) of 1940. The present study is centered around the latter, while the former is presented more less in passing.


We read with great interest the article by Francis et al. ( 1 ) in which they showed that incorporating docetaxel into anthracyclinebased therapy resulted in an improvement in disease-free survival (DFS) in adjuvant treatment of patients with lymph node – positive breast cancer. They also noted that sequential but not concurrent administration of docetaxel appeared to produce better DFS than anthracycline-based chemotherapy. However, patients in the concurrent docetaxel arm received more cyles (nine cyles vs seven cyles) and more athracyclines (cumulative doses of 225 vs 200 mg/m 2 ) than patients in the sequential docetaxel arm. In this study, information about the HER2 status of tumors was also not described. However, a meta-analysis of eight published clinical trials ( 2 ) showed that, among women with HER2-positive breast cancer in the adjuvant setting, anthracycline-based regimens were superior to non – anthracyclinebased regimens in DFS and overall survival. Thus, the HER2 status as well as the administration schedule may contribute to higher DFS observed in the sequential docetaxel arm than in the concurrent docetaxel arm in the Breast International Group 02-98 trial.


The method of learning philosophy is an important key in understanding the tree of knowledge of Indian philosophy. This method has been explored by sages and writers since classical times as an integral part of the discussion of darśana. However, this method does not seem to have been adopted in learning Hindu philosophy in Indonesia. This research is a text study that discusses the Hindu philosophy learning method described by Hindu philosophers and thinkers as a learning tool. Data obtained through literature study by examining several classical Indian philosophical texts, data analysis using Content Analysis. An important finding of this research is that the methodology of learning Hindu philosophy must begin by studying the three starting-points known as praṣṭana-trayā namely the upaniṣads, Bhagavad-gitā and the sūtra texts. Starting from the three starting-points of Vedānta (three starting-points of Vedānta) as praṣṭana-trayā namely upaniṣad, Bhagavad-gitā and Brahmā-Sūtra. In Vedanta it is called the triple cannon of Vedānta. Without following this procedure, failure will overshadow the students of philosophy. Therefore, learning praṣṭana-trayā is the starting point in an effort to understand the scientific tree of Hindu philosophy. These three starting points for learning philosophy should be adopted properly in order to improve thinking skills, reasoning skills, including improving writing, debate, argumentation and discussion skills.


We study the generation of optical frequency combs from microresonators and show that a truncated dynamical model can capture the essential nonlinear dynamics of both stable and chaotic patterns. We also present an analytical approach for obtaining linear and nonlinear design parameters of planar microring resonators. Closed form approximations for the eigenmode/eigenfrequency problem are derived for resonators possessing a large radius to width ratio and examples are presented for silicon microrings.


This bachelor work compares and refers level of a web based presentations of microregions in the district of Pardubice. Work is concentrated on apprising touristic information and deals with topicality, amount, quality, accessibility and lucidity of touristic information. Bachelor work pounced on imperfection of this information and points out order of their improvement.


The Italic I is a practice-based collaboration between writer-artist Emma Cocker and interdisciplinary artist Clare Thornton that explores the different states of potential made possible through purposefully surrendering to the event of a repeated fall. Parallel to capturing the event of a repeated fall through performance and its documents, our collaborative activity has involved the production of a textual lexicon for reflecting on the different episodes within falling, generated through the 'free-fall' of conversational exchange. Central to our enquiry has been the production of an artists' publication (of the same title as the project), through which an attempt is made to capture and communicate the event of falling visually and linguistically. This article presents a reworked version of The Italic I, as a central point of leverage and departure against which to elaborate upon the conceptualisation, construction and potential application of this publication as a propositional training or exercise device. Less a step-by-step manual for instructing another on how to fall, the publication The Italic I is proposed as a training spur or prompt for developing the capacity to operate against expectation, for cultivating a wilfully non-corrective tendency in thought, speech and action.


The paper presents a new approach to multiview video coding using Screen Content Coding. It is assumed that for a time instant the frames corresponding to all views are packed into a single frame, i.e. the frame-compatible approach to multiview coding is applied. For such coding scenario, the paper demonstrates that Screen Content Coding can be efficiently used for multiview video coding. Two approaches are considered: the first using standard HEVC Screen Content Coding, and the second using Advanced Screen Content Coding. The latter is the original proposal of the authors that exploits quarter-pel motion vectors and other nonstandard extensions of HEVC Screen Content Coding. The experimental results demonstrate that multiview video coding even using standard HEVC Screen Content Coding is much more efficient than simulcast HEVC coding. The proposed Advanced Screen Content Coding provides virtually the same coding efficiency as MV-HEVC, which is the state-of-the-art multiview video compression technique. The authors suggest that Advanced Screen Content Coding can be efficiently used within the new Versatile Video Coding (VVC) technology. Nevertheless a reference multiview extension of VVC does not exist yet, therefore, for VVC-based coding, the experimental comparisons are left for future work.


The present invention discloses an information providing can be performed only when the position calculation means calculates the position only, thereby reducing the system load positioning information providing apparatus, and the like. The positioning system includes positioning terminal and an information providing apparatus, wherein the positioning terminal comprising: requesting the information providing apparatus transmits the positioning auxiliary information through a communication network location assistance information transmission request means; positioning assistance information receiving means for receiving location assistance information; Obtain positioning basic information based on the information acquiring means; calculates the position of the positioning terminal, a terminal side position calculating means; positioning basic information transmitting means; positioning success or failure information generation means; and a positioning success or failure information transmitting apparatus, the information providing apparatus comprising: a positioning auxiliary information acquiring means location assistance information transmitting apparatus, the positioning basic information receiving means, the positioning success or failure information receiving apparatus, the information providing side position calculating means and the positioning means executability determination means.


The article proposes a method for assessing photorealistic image quality based on a comparison of the detail coefficients in the original and distorted images. An algorithm for identifying fine structures of the original image uses operations of active pixels segmentation, which include point objects, thin lines and texture fragments. The number of active pixels is estimated by the value of a fine detail factor (FDF), which is determined by the ratio of active pixels to the total number of image pixels. The same algorithm is used to calculate the FDF of the distorted image and, further, the image quality deterioration is estimated by comparing the obtained values. Special features of the method include the fact that the identification of small structures and the segmentation of active pixels are performed in the normalized system N-CIELAB. The algorithm also takes into account the influence of false microstructures on the results of the restored image estimating. Features of the construction of neural networks SRCNN in the tasks of a qualitative increase in the image resolution with the restoration of fine structures are considered. Results of the analysis of the quality of enlarged images by the traditional metrics PSNR and SSIM, as well as by the proposed method are also presented.


Steel industry comprehensive sewage treatment(Coagulation-Settling-Filtration-Disinfection)could be in good working order in general circumstances,but in special cases,owing to the limitation of the process,the system couldn't be in good working order,or causes the index of the out-water unusual and the reused out-water will have a great influence to the system,or the out-water couldn't be reused,the drained away water will pollute the enviorment seriously.The article not only analyses the reasons and the results of these problems,but also raises the relevant solutions.


Directly modulated multimode-fiber (MMF) based radio-over-fiber links are demonstrated which support RF carrier frequencies up to 20GHz. This is believed to be the highest frequency yet reported for RF signal transmission using a directly modulated laser. The DFB laser diode introduces less than 1% excess EVM up to 16GHz, while both high-and low-bandwidth MMF links introduce very little penalty at carrier frequencies in excess of 20GHz for distances of 1000m and 575m, respectively.


Realistic modeling of electromagnetic wave propagation in the radar frequency band requires a full solution of Maxwell's equations as well as a complete description of the material properties. We present a twodimensional (2-D) finite-difference scheme for solving Maxwell's equations which enables modeling of generally frequency-dependent dielectric attenuation and dispersion. In close analogy with the viscoacoustic case, the governing equations are obtained by assuming a dielectric relaxation function. Absorbing boundary conditions are implemented by incorporating a frame of high conductivity around the model. This "diffusive boundary condition" was found to be superior to commonly employed paraxial approximation absorbing boundary conditions, even for very thin conducting frames two dominant wavelengths). The algorithm is applied to a realistic problem illustrating the respective damping effects of conductivity and frequency-dependent dielectricity.


Tongue diagnosis is convenient and non-invasive method to examine the body's functional condition, and it has been frequently used in traditional Korean Medicine (KM). The aim of this study was to investigate the difference of the tongue color assessed by computerized tongue image analysis system (CTIS) between the common cold (CC) patients and healthy subjects. A total of 85 participants, including 45 CC patients without organic diseases and 40 healthy subjects, were asked to complete the CC symptom questionnaire. A tongue image was acquired by using CTIS. Color differences in Commission Internationale de l'Eclairage (CIE) L*, a* and b* between the CC patient group and the control group were analyzes by using paired t-test analysis. The variable CIE b* of the tongue body was significantly lower in CC than that in controls (P=0.019). The variable CIE L* of the tongue coating was significantly higher in CC than that in controls (P=0.032). In CC, the color of the tongue body seems to be changed to intense red color. The color of the tongue coating seems to be changed to thick fur. The present study demonstrated that the CTIS can be used as a diagnostic and monitoring tool for the objective and standardized evaluation of common cold in clinics.


When a v i r h and a living cell are brought close together, there is no discernible reaction between them in the great majority of instances. However, if the virus and the host cell possess those complementary properties which permit designation of the virus as infectious and the host cell as susceptible, then a series of reactions may occur which leads to an increase in the amount of virus. The reactions which follow infection of a susceptible host cell with a virus have many aspects (Woodruff and Goodpasture, 1930). One of these is the stepwise process which results in the development of new viral particles (Burnet, 1929; Ellis and Delbriick, 1939; Delbriick, 1940a and 1910b; Henle, et al. 1947; Ginsberg and Horsfall, 1949a and 1951a). This process is termed viral multiplication or proliferation and is affected in various ways by a large number of factors (Horsfall, 1949). Some of the more prominent factors are: (1) the genetic features of the host cell and the virus; (2) the metabolic state of the host cell; (3) the presence of another virus; and (4) the composition of the extracellular environment. The most evident ways in which such factors act are the augmentation or inhibition of viral proliferation so that either more or less virus develops (Horsfall, 195 1). Before proceeding to a more detailed consideration of factors which, a t the cellular level, have an effect upon the multiplication of viruses, another aspect of animal virus infections deserces emphasis. Viruses which induce infections in animal species do not usually come into contact with host cells susceptible to infection immediately after gaining en& to the body. In most instances, the infectious agent is transported from the portal of entry to the tissue that contains suceptible cells. In no case is it known that all types of cells are equally susceptible to infection. In many instances, susceptibility is restricted to cells of a single type; in some, to cells present only in a single tissue. During the period of transport to susceptible cells, the naked viral particle is in a highly vulnerable condition and can be prevented readily from reaching cells it can infect. The most specific and probably the most effective substances which can act at this stage are antibodies directed against the agent. Specific antiviral antibodies develop as a result of contact with the agent. Usually, though not always, they are a reflection of immunity and are found not only in the blood, but also in the tissue fluids, as well as in the secretions of the mucous membranes (Francis, et al. 1943). Much evidence indicates that the interaction between antibody and viral particle prevents adsorption of the virus by susceptible cells and thus the process of multiplication does not begin (Delbriick, 1945a; Volkert and Horsfall, 1947). In contrast to the striking effectiveness of antibodies in preventing infection of the cell is their marked lack of effect upon viral proliferation once the virus has pene-


The complex of lipoid smooth-muscle stimulants initially called "the menstrual stimulant" was divided into 3 active components AB and C by earlier researchers. The A component was mainly PGF2alpha (prostaglandin F2alpha). Component B preparations consisting of at least 2 less polar acid substances and unsturated long-chain fatty acids have been reexamined through chromatography. Laboratory procedures were able to identify an eicosatrienoic and an eicosatetraenoic acid in the B component both PG precursors. It is possible that the activity of the B component may be due to PG formed by these precursor acids.


The single breath CO diffusing capacity has proved valuable for screening, particularly in situations in which altered mechanics of breathing do not reflect the degree of pulmonary impairment Although simple in concept, the method has proved technically difficult both for patients and operators. Also, results are modified by the volumes of breathholding, of wash-out and of sampling and by the manner and timing of breathholding. A device is described that eliminates these variables. It is virtually error-proof, simple to operate, inexpensive and easy to construct, has less deadspace, and can be attached to any box-balloon spirometer. Because all switching and sampling is controlled electrically, it is well suited for computer-controlled testing and analysis. Routine use of the instrument for the past two years in our laboratory and during two industrial surveys has greatly reduced the time required for testing and for operator instruction, and the coefficient of variation for test and retest has been reduced from ±8.3 percent to ±2.4 percent.


The objective of this research was to determine the Social Skills and Depression of the students of the Second Baccalaureate of the "Leontiev Vigotsky" Educational Unit, Riobamba, October 2018 - March 2019. The beneficiaries are the 30 students of the Second Baccalaureate, between men and women. Methodologically the research project had a mixed approach and a non-experimental design, the type of research is field and cross-sectional and the level is descriptive and correlation, the population is all the students of the Educational Unit "Leontiev Vygotsky" and the sample is not intentional probabilistic establishing 30 students between males and females, The data collection instruments were the Social Skills Scale (EHS) of Elena Gismero for the independent variable and the Hamilton Depression Scale for the dependent variable. Where it is being determined that there is a relationship in social skills and depression, it is important to point out that if the student has low social skills he has difficulties communicating with the people around him, this can cause them to present some dimension of depression and this affects at a psychological level, emotional, social and academic. The study is important since it will be of great help for the members of the educational community for the resolution of conflicts in case of depression or low percentages in the dimension of social skills.


South African employers must act fast to prepare their payroll systems and processes for the new tax brackets and calculations announced in Finance Minister Nhlanhla Nene's maiden Budget speech.


Objective: To establish the protocol for the treatment of H22 liver cancer by syndrome differentiation combined surgery and chemotherapy and to evaluate the therapeutic effect.Methods: Mice with H22 liver cancer were selected and standardization and measurement of syndrome differentiation were adopted.The comprehensive effect of survival time,tumor inhibiting rates and syndrome were observed by individualized differentiation combined surgery and chemotherapy.Results: The protocol for the treatment of H22 liver cancer by syndrome differentiation combined surgery and chemotherapy was established.This protocol can inhibit the tumor,prolong the survival time,and improve immunodeficiency and immune recession.Conclusion: Imitate clinical condition in the laboratory and establish the protocol of Chinese medicine individualized diagnosis combined surgery and chemotherapy,which provides the methodology for exploration,optimization and improvement for the comprehensive protocol.


With its desirable properties of high yield,wide adaptability,high dry matter and starch contents,as well as good cooking and eating quality,Guangshu 87 was certified and released for commercial production in Fujian in 2009.It has been since then widely used in commercial production.Based on the yield factors(i.e.,planting density and fertilization rate),cultivation of Guangshu 87 was studied and optimized by using the rotational regression analysis.The results showed that the cultivation measures affecting the yield included and ranked in the order of planting density(X1) k fertilization(X4) N fertilization(X2) P fertilization(X3).Optimization by computer showed that the model that gave the highest yield of 47 864.03 kg.hm-2 could be achieved by planting at a density ranging from 55 100-57 300 plants·hm-2 and applying urea at 264.34-283.58 kg·hm-2,calcium superphosphate at 423.45-476.55 kg·hm-2 and potassium sulfate at 414.15-458.25 kg·hm-2.


The study determined the effects of teacher constructivist model and interest on students academic achievement in fabrication and welding in technical colleges in Lagos state. The study is a pre-test, post-test involving students in two groups:namely Experimental and control groups. Two research questions and two hypotheses guided the study and tested at 0.05 level of significance. The population and sample of the study consists of all the 80 National Technical Certificate (NTC) 11 students offering fabrication and welding in the four technical colleges selected. The instruments used for data collection were the Fabrication and Welding Achievement Test (FWAT) and Fabrication and Welding Interest Inventory (FWII). The reliability co-efficient using Cronbach alpha for interest and Kuder-Richardson for achievement yields 0.76 and 0.74 respectively. Mean and Standard deviation were used to answer the research questions, while Z-score was used to test the hypotheses. Based on the findings, students thought with teacher constructivist model performed better than those taught with conventional teaching method, and also have higher interest in fabrication and welding. Recommendation were made pertaining to the findings of the study.


Keloid scars are benign fibroproliferative growths that respond poorly to treatment. This study sought to determine the efficacy of three different glucocorticoids (triamcinolone, methylprednisolone and dexamethasone) in altering human keloid scar tissue implanted in athymic mice. Keloid tissue obtained from three patients (one man and two women) who sought cosmetic removal of their scars was implanted into athymic mice for a duration of 15 or 30 days. The keloid tissue was examined histopathologically and evaluated by a dermatopathologist who was blinded to sample identity and who was using predetermined qualitative scoring criteria. The appearance of central calcification, granulation tissue, foreign body granulomatous reaction and acute inflammatory reaction complicated the comparison of the keloid tissue samples. However, on the basis of observations reported in the present paper, it appears that triamcinolone should remain the treatment of choice for keloid scars. The athymic mouse model that is used for studying keloid scars is the best available approach to in vivo studies; however, limitations identified in this study confound the interpretation of experimental data. Ideally, promising and novel therapies should be investigated clinically.


Seminal research into geomorphic shaping of landscapes by emerging groundwater suggest that the relationships governing channel form and incision rate are distinct from other fluvial systems (Howard, 1995; Dunne, 1980, 1990). While some recent work has connected these models to natural settings (Abrams et al., 2009; Petroff et al., 2011), other studies have shown that seepage erosion may be erroneously invoked in landscapes shaped by flooding and overland flow (Lamb et al., 2006, 2007). We investigate the impact of seepage erosion on the geomorphology of a tropical mountain watershed, the Rio Blanco in the Luquillo Mountains of northern Puerto Rico. We focus on a population of amphitheater‐shaped channels that incise into deeply weathered saprolite profiles in the upland reaches of the watershed, where the river is disconnected from regional base‐level lowering (Brocard et al., 2015, 2016). We measured high rates of baseflow from springs feeding these catchments, despite their small drainage areas. We constructed an empirical model relating baseflow discharge to catchment area within the watershed. We quantified long‐term (103‐104 yrs) catchment erosion from 10Be in sediment and measured the short‐term volumetric flux of bedload transport at baseflow. Rates of transport and erosion in this group of channels scale linearly with the feeding drainage area and baseflow discharge. This finding supports a stream incision model proposed for groundwater‐driven channels (Howard, 1995). We propose that deepening saprolite and coincident entrenchment of the subsurface water‐routing system initiated seepage erosion and are actively expanding the headwaters in the Rio Blanco.


This paper suggests what the goals of functional linguistics should be, and argues that
although at present Functional Discourse Grammar (FDG) does not achieve some of these
goals (and is indeed not intended to do so), this situation could be remedied by the expansion
and modification of proposals already available within the theory. The paper discusses
criteria of descriptive and explanatory adequacy in functional linguistics. The architecture
of FDG is described briefly, and the various criteria of adequacy are discussed in relation
to the theory, with suggestions for how the existing architecture could be developed, in
particular expanding the role and scope of the Conceptual and Contextual Components,
in order to answer the fundamental question of how the natural language user works


Gold and composite Au@Ag layered nanoparticles, in which Raman molecules (RMs) are embedded in a nanometer-sized gap between metal layers, have great potential in biomedical applications as highly efficient imaging SERS probes. Compared to common tags with outer RMs exciting by plasmonic near field, the embedded RMs of new probes are protected from environmental conditions and subjected to a strongly enhanced internal field in the gap. Another type of efficient SERS tags are the tip functionalized Au(core)@Ag(shell) nanorods (NRs) operating in off-resonance mode. In this talk, we summarize our recent efforts in fabrication, electromagnetic simulation, and bioimaging application of gold based Au@RM@Au and hybrid AuNR@RM@Ag SERS tags.


The objective of this study is to investigate and evaluate the thermal desorption process to treat soil contaminated with high concentration of oil by applying microwave and high temperature heating element. It was found that TPH (Total Petroleum Hydrocarbon) was achieved below 2,000 mgkg-1 of Korea criterion at 8kW of microwave powder and 700°C of processing temperature for 20 minutes. In addition, the rate of thermal desorption was also the highest value to be 0.09711 at 8kW of microwave powder and 700°C of processing temperature. Compared to other cases, the thermal desorption process applied by microwave had faster desorption rate of oil than conventional heat treatment process indicating that it would shorten processing time to treat oil-contaminated soil.


Introduction Beginning in 1998, the editors of Technology and Children (TC the remaining columns were produced via a process of manuscript solicitation and editing. More than half of "Books to Briefs" authors (53%; n = 38) were undergraduate education majors at the time their articles appeared.


The City of Casa Grande and its partners -ADEQ, Keep Casa Grande Beautiful, Cartridge World and Westech Recyclers -anticipate collecting tons of unwanted televisions, computer equipment, monitors, batteries, chargers, cell phones, VCRs, CD and DVD players, printers, small appliances, fax machines, stereos, cables and cords during the event. More than 51,400 pounds of e-waste have been collected during Casa Grande's previous E-Cycle events.


Studies were made on the use of electron-beam welding in the fabrication of plutonium bearing fuel elements. It was concluded that electron-beam welding is applicable to particulate ceramic type elements and offers all the advantages attached to that process. However, the difficulty of manipulation inside glove boxes tends to limits its application. It can, however, be of a great help on account of its versatility, for instance in correcting or repairing welds performed by rougher methods and found to be defective. (P.C.H.)


Layout dependent effects on high frequency performance parameters like f<inf>T</inf>, f<inf>MAX</inf>, and RF noise in sub-40nm multi-finger MOSFETs is investigated in this paper. Narrow-OD MOSFET with smaller finger width and larger finger number can achieve lower R<inf>g</inf> and higher f<inf>MAX</inf>. However, these narrow-OD devices suffer f<inf>T</inf> degradation and higher noise figure, even with the advantage of lower R<inf>g</inf>. The mechanisms responsible for the trade-off between different parameters will be presented to provide an important guideline of device layout for RF circuits design using nanoscale CMOS technology.


https://e-kcj.org In Korea, the rapid changes to an aging society (as of 2019, the average life expectancy of Korean was 83.3 years, the second highest in the OECD after Japan, whose was 84.4 years), and the changes in medical policy with insurance coverage for transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR), aortic valve disease is increasing and many patients are referred to a heart team for valve replacement.1)2) At this point, reconsideration of the very old controversy in field of surgical aortic valve replacement (SAVR)pericardial versus porcine valveis timely.


In May 1977, eddy flux measurements of momentum were made with a three-component ultrasonic current meter in the oceanic boundary layer under a first-year floe of fast sea ice in Barrow Strait, N.W.T. By using eddy correlation methods, values of horizontal Reynolds' stress were computed from each of 20 data runs of about 1-hour duration during which the mean current was reasonably steady. A least squares analysis in which water stress was assumed proportional to the square of the mean current yielded a value for the 1-m water drag coefficient of 1.32×10−3 with a standard deviation of 0.06×10−3. The diameter of the floe was greater than 1 km and its mean thickness was 128 cm, with a standard deviation of 4 cm and a maximum deviation of 7 cm.


We experimentally demonstrate that radiation pressure based optomechanical interaction in high-Q cavities can be exploited for high sensitivity acousto-optical transduction and direct signal down-conversion in underwater ultrasonic communication links and sensor networks.


Pulsed-driven dielectric barrier discharges were recorded in a single filament arrangement with a 1-mm gap in a N2-O2 gas mixture at atmospheric pressure with a fast ICCD camera. The comparison of spectrally-integrated and spectrally-resolved emissions for the second positive system (SPS) and the first negative system (FNS) of N2 reveals different structures in the volume and on the dielectric surfaces. A propagation of surface discharges with approximately the same velocity is visible on both electrodes, but with a higher intensity of the FNS on the cathode and of the SPS on the anode. This indicates a higher electric field strength in the discharges on the cathode surface.


In order to investigate astrophysical jets from accretion disks, we solve 1.5-dimensional steady MHD equations for a wide range of parameters, assuming the shape of poloidal magnetic field lines. We include a thermal effect to obtain the relation between the mass flux of the jet and the magnetic energy at the disk, although the jet is mainly accelerated by the magnetic force. It is found that the mass flux of the jets (Ṁ) is dependent on the magnetic energy at the disk surface, i.e., Ṁ ~ (ρAa|Bp/B|)slow ~ (ρAa|Bp/Bϕ|)slow ∝ Emgα [where ρ is the density, a is the sound velocity, A is the cross section of the magnetic flux, B = (Bp2 + Bϕ2)1/2, Bp and Bϕ are the poloidal and toroidal magnetic field strength, respectively, Emg is the magnetic energy in unit of the gravitational energy at the disk surface, and the suffix "slow" denotes the value at a slow point], when the magnetic energy is not too large. The parameter α increases from 0 to 0.5 with decreasing magnetic energy. Since the scaling law of Michel's minimum energy solution nearly holds in the magnetically driven flows, the dependence of the terminal velocity on the magnetic energy becomes weaker than had been expected, i.e., v∞ ∝ Emg(1 − α)/3. It is shown that the terminal velocity of the jet is an order of Keplerian velocity at the footpoint of the jets for a wide range of values of Emg expected for accretion disks in star-forming regions and active galactic nuclei. We argue that the mass-loss rates observed in the star-forming regions would constrain the magnetic energies at the disk surfaces.


Irrigation guarantee capacity is the critical factor in evaluating the development level of irrigated agriculture and is also a future development trend. It is necessary to carry out scientific planning and reasonable allocation of irrigation water resources to ensure the sustainable development of irrigated agriculture and improve the efficiency and effectiveness of water resource utilization. This study is based on remote sensing meteorological data and the principles of the Miami model and water balance. We calculated the annual irrigation water requirement and effective irrigation water, and used the ratio between the effective irrigation water and irrigation water requirement as the basis for evaluating an irrigation guarantee capability index. By using irrigation guarantee capability evaluation indicators from multiple years, we evaluated and assessed the irrigation guarantee capability in the arid region of northwest China. In addition, we analyzed three indicators (i.e., irrigation water requirement IWR, effective irrigation water EIW, and irrigation guarantee capacity index IGCI) to explore the rational allocation of water resources in the northwest arid area. IWR, EIW, and ICGI in northwest China from 2001 to 2020 were analyzed, and the average values were 379.32 mm, 171.29 mm, and 0.50, respectively. Simultaneously, an analysis was conducted on the temporal and spatial distribution of IWR, EIW, and IGCI in the northwest region of China from 2001 to 2020. The results indicated that the rainfall in the southwestern edge of the Yellow River Basin and the eastern part of the Qaidam Basin could meet the irrigation water demand. The northwest edge of the Yellow River Basin, the central Hexi Inland River Basin, most of Northeast Xinjiang, central and southeastern Xinjiang, and other regions mainly rely on irrigation to meet agricultural water requirements. The rest of the region needs to rely on irrigation for supplementary irrigation to increase crop yield. All districts in the 'Three Water Lines' area of northwest China should vigorously develop sprinkler irrigation, micro-irrigation, pipe irrigation, and other irrigation water-saving technologies and support engineering construction. Under the premise of ensuring national food security, they should reduce the planting area of rice, corn, and orchards, and increase the planting area of economic crops such as beans and tubers in the 'Three Water Lines' area. That is conducive to further reducing the agricultural irrigation quota and improving the matching degree of irrigation water resources. It provides a scientific reference for optimizing water resource allocation and improving irrigation water-use efficiency in northwest arid areas.


Parallel recursive computations incorporating the unavoidable and significant parallel computing overheads, encompassing a wide variety of applications, can be modeled as T(n) = left{ {mathop {min }limits_{0 le r le n}^{t_{(),} } } right.left{ {max left{ {T(n - r),T(r) + k(r)} right} + mathop {mathop {lambda (n,r)}limits_{otherwise} }limits^{forn le n_{(),} } } right} where k(r) and X(n,r) represent the partition and recombination overheads respectively. The optimal partition size (solution to r of the above minmax recurrence relation) is nontrivial and is very different from the n/2 value conventionally used. Using the optimal partitions at every stage of the recursion enhances the performance greatly. In this paper we solve a challenging case of our parallel recursive model where the overhead functions are problem-dependent.


Purpose: To evaluate the effi cacy and safety of percutaneous cholecystostomy in acute cholecystitis cases with high surgical risk that were treated conservatively and developed perforation.


Pine wood has been subjected to kraft cooking in a flow-through reactor. From the continuous outflow of black liquor a total of six fractions of dissolved lignin were collected. The amounts of non-condensed 0-aryl ether and enol ether structures in each lignin sample were analysed by means of acid hydrolysis (acidolysis) followed by gas chromatography of the resulting low molecular mass compounds. The results obtained demonstrate that, in addition to cleavage of 0-aryl ether bonds, a certain portion of the 0aryl ether structures in lignin is converted into (alkali stable) enol ether structures during the course of a kraft cook. The formation of such structures may counteract the degradation and solubilization of the lignin macromolecules in kraft cooking liquors. The formation of enol ether structures also indicates that there is a certain shortage of hydrogen sulfide ions during part of the cook.


For paper coatings with organic nanoparticles of poly(styrene‐co‐maleimide), dispersive Raman spectroscopy and confocal Raman microscopy are applied for qualitative and quantitative analyses of the lateral distribution of chemical moieties as a function of different coating grades (degree of imidization) and thermal curing temperatures (120–250 °C). Raman mapping with band intensity ratios, single band intensities, and average spectral intensities illustrates that surface locations with imide moieties are sensitive to the thermal curing temperature due to the reactivity of an amount of ammonolyzed (nonimidized) maleic anhydride, whereas the styrene moieties are not sensitive to the thermal curing. A maximum in imide functionalities at the surface occurs after curing at 135–150 °C depending on the coating grade. The surface coverage of the coating moieties is complementary to the cellulose components, but local variations in specific Raman bands for the latter suggest interactions due to hydrogen bonding. Principal component analysis with two parameters allows for a good quantification of the imide content and surface coverage.


Objective Variations of conductive fluid content in brain tissue (e.g. cerebral edema) change tissue impedance and can potentially be measured by Electrical Impedance Tomography (EIT), an emerging medical imaging technique. The objective of this work is to establish the feasibility of using EIT as an imaging tool for monitoring brain fluid content. Design a prospective study. Setting In this study EIT was used, for the first time, to monitor variations in cerebral fluid content in a clinical model with patients undergoing clinical dehydration treatment. The EIT system was developed in house and its imaging sensitivity and spatial resolution were evaluated on a saline-filled tank. Patients 23 patients with brain edema. Interventions The patients were continuously imaged by EIT for two hours after initiation of dehydration treatment using 0.5 g/kg intravenous infusion of mannitol for 20 minutes. Measurement and Main Results Overall impedance across the brain increased significantly before and after mannitol dehydration treatment (p = 0.0027). Of the all 23 patients, 14 showed high-level impedance increase and maintained this around 4 hours after the dehydration treatment whereas the other 9 also showed great impedance gain during the treatment but it gradually decreased after the treatment. Further analysis of the regions of interest in the EIT images revealed that diseased regions, identified on corresponding CT images, showed significantly less impedance changes than normal regions during the monitoring period, indicating variations in different patients' responses to such treatment. Conclusions EIT shows potential promise as an imaging tool for real-time and non-invasive monitoring of brain edema patients.


The study aimed at evaluating liver antioxidant status in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic male Wistar rats following treatment with aqueous Taraxacum officinale leaf extract. The rats were divided into six groups of 6 rats each: Normal control, Diabetic control, Non-diabetic rats + 100 mg/kgbw extract, Non-diabetic rats + 200 mg/kgbw extract, Diabetic rats + 100 mg/kgbw extract and Diabetic rats + 200 mg/kg-bw extract. After the treatment period, the animals were sacrificed and the liver was collected, homogenized for biochemical analyses. Biochemical assays such as the levels of nitrite, lipid peroxidation product (LPO), reduced glutathione (GSH) and activities of antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase, SOD and glutathione peroxidase, GPx) as well as Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power (FRAP) were determined using established techniques. Lipid peroxidation and nitrite level decreased significantly (p < 0.05) in diabetic rats treated with 100 mg/kgbw and 200 mg/kgbw Taraxacum officinale extracts as compared to the untreated diabetic control. There was no significant difference in FRAP value in diabetic groups treated with 100mg/kgbw and 200mg/kgbw when compared with the diabetic control. Reduced GSH concentration as well as SOD activity increased significantly in diabetic groups treated with 100 mg/kgbw and 200 mg/kgbw Taraxacum officinale extracts as compared to the untreated diabetic control while GPx activity decreased significantly in the treated diabetic rats. The results indicate that Taraxacum officinale leaf extract could enhance liver anitioxidant status, hence, suggest its usefulness in ameliorating diabetic-induced liver injury.


Power electronics-dominated grid (PEDG) has low inertia owing to the fast switching and the reduced penetration of rotating masses, which makes such grids vulnerable to disturbances. This paper proposes a predictive control scheme that emulates virtual inertia to achieve resilient and stable operation of the PEDG in response to load and generation disturbances. The conventional primary control layer for power electronics-based generation commonly utilizes cascaded PI controllers to regulate active/reactive power. This paper eliminates the need for cascaded linear control and employs a model predictive control (MPC) that enables virtual inertia emulation. Leveraging the inherent bandwidth of MPC enables tracking the desired rate of change of frequency (ROCOF) for various disturbances superior than the PI-based controllers. The MPC's penalty function replaces the cascaded linear control while eliminating significant tuning efforts. The investigated virtual inertia topologies for gird-following (GFL) and grid-forming (GFM) inverters are capable of regulating the ROCOF under frequency events. Several case studies are presented to demonstrate the inertia emulation effect considering the interaction between GFL and GFM inverters in PEDG.


This article will examine in depth the concept of public sector innovation, the process of creating public sector innovation and whether it is based on the public value. As a study material the author specializes in innovations created by the Surabaya City Education Office because there are seventeen innovations produced. Most innovations in the public sector are created as a reaction to a crisis when new leaders want to show that they are capable. Consequently the public sector innovation is not able to increase organizational capacity so that innovation tends to be unsustainable. Innovation will stop when the initiator is gone, so visionary leadership and innovation are needed to have compatibility with the system outside of itself and in harmony with relevant regulations and institutions. Innovation will remain sustainable without being influenced by the change of public leadership if it is sourced from public value because public innovations that are created from public values will remain strong to defend and the tendency is increased due to community support.


It is pointed out that the lack of agreement between theoretical and experimental magnetization curves found for single crystals in low fields is probably caused, not by residual internal strains, but by neglect of the domain structure of the crystal in the theoretical calculations. Using Neel's model for the domain structure of a single crystal of iron in the form of a strip parallel to the [110] direction, magnetization curves have been calculated taking the domain structure into proper account. It is found that the (I, H) curves depend explicitly on the width of the crystal. Comparison is made between the calculated curves and the experimental results of Williams. The agreement between the two is good.


Based on the national advocacy and requirements for strengthening the innovation and entrepreneurship work of ordinary colleges and universities, this paper summarizes the innovation and entrepreneurship education model for English majors of several private colleges and universities including the Hubei Institute of Commerce, through literature review, verbal interviews, and experience summarization, analyses the innovations of these models, and on this basis, proposes a new approach to the cultivation of applied talents for English majors in private colleges under the background of "Innovation and Entrepreneurship".


We consider a 2D problem of a circular cylinder that is infinitely long and whose external surface is free from outside effects and acted upon by an asymmetrical temperature distribution that is harmonic in time. The problem is within the context of the theory of thermoelasticity without energy dissipation. The exact solution is obtained by a direct approach. The results are represented graphically and discussed.


With the ever increasing number of subscribers and their seemingly "greedy" demands for high-data-rate services, the next generation networks will have to provide global connectivity to ensure success. So the combination of multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) signal processing with orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) is regarded as a promising solution for enhancing the data rates of next-generation wireless communication systems operating in frequency-selective fading environments. Therefore hybrid architecture between terrestrial and satellite networks based on MIMO-OFDM with frequency reuse is employed here. However, this frequency reuse introduces severe co-channel interference (CCI) at the satellite end. To mitigate CCI, we propose an OFDM based adaptive beamformer implemented on-board the satellite with pilot reallocation at the transmitter side. The system performance is simulated by using the software MATLAB, the experimental result shows that the MIMO-OFDM communication system has better performance when compared.


With around 3 billion people at risk, dengue virus is endemic to many parts of the world. In the Brazilian city of Rio de Janeiro, surveillance measures require notification of new dengue virus cases, and are supplemented by serum collection from patients and sequencing of viral RNA. Phylogenetic analyses have been performed for all serotypes circulating in the country to identify viral genotypes, potentially identify new introductions, and compare viruses presently circulating in the country with those in the past, and of other countries. As a separate type of analysis, a number of mathematical models have been developed to describe dengue virus transmission – particularly qualitative incidence or prevalence patterns – although few have been tested. In this chapter, I show how different mathematical formulations could represent transmission of dengue virus by mosquitoes to humans, how the different model structures entail assumptions about the process, and how these affect outputs qualitatively. Inference from simulated data is used as proof of principle that the kind of data available could be used to accurately estimate all model parameters; however, it is shown that stochasticity may severely hamper efforts to test the models quantitatively. I further implement inference from sequence data for the different models, and compare the performance to that of time series. The methods are applied to the data available for the city of Rio de Janeiro.


Endometrial carcinoma is the most common among gynaecological cancers. The most frequent symptom of this disease is postmenopausal bleeding. The diagnosis of endometrial cancer has to be histologically confirmed and there are several methods for endometrial sampling with which we obtain the cells or the endometrial tissue. The reliability of these methods differs. With histologically confirmed diagnosis we determine histological subtype and tumour grade. Those are the two key features that have the most important impact on the probability of disease spread and recurrence, but the most important fact is that they help us to determine the optimal extent of surgical treatment. The reliability of the preoperative determination of tumour grade weakly correlates with the final histological diagnosis, especially with preoperatively diagnosed G1-G2 endometrioid adenocarcinomas, while with G3 carcinomas, which are high-risk histologies, the concordance of the preoperative and postoperative interpretation of the histological findings is


The invention provides a method for controlling transmitting power and a mobile terminal. The method comprises the steps of judging whether working frequency information of a first radio frequency transceiver module satisfies a preset interference condition according to the acquired working frequency information of the first radio frequency transceiver module; and if the working frequency of the first radio frequency transceiver module satifies the preset interference condition, performing attenuation treatment on transmitting power of a second radio frequency transceiver module. Therefore, signal interference that when two communication modes coexist in the mobile terminal can be reduced.


We exhibit that the Bateman's wave function is a particular case of the wave functions deduced by Synge via complexification of the real coordinates.


A new on-line internet tachograph analysis service provided by Siemens is described. The service has been designed for use in the UK and requires a compact chart reader connected to a personal computer running Internet Explorer 5.0 and Windows 95 or higher. The data is then analysed virtually instantaneously, and infringements notified. Letters from management to drivers regarding driver's hours or other infringements can be provided. The management benefits of the service are outlined.


The wireless channel of High-Speed Railway communication system is rapidly time-varying. The orthogonal frequency division multiplexing transmitting over this channel will be exposed to the intercarrier interference caused by large Doppler spread. The sectorised antenna can be employed for Doppler mitigation and obtaining Doppler diversity gain. In this paper the performance of this directional antenna is analyzed. The preferable partition scheme for the omnidirectional antenna and the optimal Doppler compensation frequency are addressed firstly. The uncorrelated property of the signal received from the different sectorised antennas is demonstrated originally which can be utilized for Doppler diversity gain. Finally, it is proved by the simulation results that this architecture will allows us to achieve remarkable performance under high-mobility conditions.


The present invention discloses a novel one kind of probe used in pelvic floor muscle rehabilitation device, the apparatus comprising: a support, an electrically insulating material injection cylinder, the cross section perpendicular to the axis of the ellipse, rounded end, fits in the body cavity; two elliptical-shaped conductive film, at both ends of the major axis of the elliptical cross section the carrier, soft and relaxed, the edges of the seamless connection to the carrier; two elastic members located within the carrier, even in the middle film; two pressure sensors located within the carrier, attached to the elastic member; a pair of wires connected to the tail of the film, the incoming and outgoing electrical stimulation EMG; and a pair of wires connected to the pressure sensor, the pressure signal to the body. The present invention enables the treatment instrument for rehabilitation of pelvic floor muscles by electrical stimulation of the conductive foil and the outgoing collected EMG, and with the contraction of the pelvic floor muscles, the muscles will have a further pressure by the elastic member of the elastic film member deformed by the pressure sensor signals can be transmitted in vitro.


This research started from some problems, first, how are the supervision
mechanisms of the Sharia Supervisory Board toward BPRS Ikhsanul Amal
Gombong dan BPRS Bumi Artha Sampang, Cilcap, and second, how are the the
activities of the Sharia Supervisory Board in connection with the implementastion
of their supervision function, particularly toward BPRS Ikhsanul Amal Gombong
and BPRS Bumi Artha Sampang, Cialcap.
This research is a field. These data was collected by interview, observation
and study of literature or documents. The collected data are then analyzed
The results of this research to the writing of this thesis suggest that the
Supervision mechanism of the Sharia Supervisory Board is conducted through the
operational analysis of the BPRS Ikhsanul Amal Gombong and BPRS Bumi Artha
Sampang, Cilacap and by assessing the bank's activiteis and products. The Sharia
Supervisory Board reports the results of its supervision at least six month to the
board of directors, commissioners, the Nasional Sharia Board and to Bank
Indonesia.
Keywords
: Monitoring Mechanism, Monitoring Activity and DPS


PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To allow printing condition setting values to be created freely readily relative to printing machines of different specifications by converting the printing condition setting values of a specific product by a specified printing machine into the printing condition setting values by another printing machine in reference to the conversion table of mechanically setting item storing means. SOLUTION: The administrative part 1 is constituted of an ordinary personal computer or a work station, and provided with a calculation control device 10 and a storing device 15 such as a hard disc for storing data of printing condition setting value or the like. The storing device 15 of the administrative part 1 includes a master file 17 for storing printing condition setting values per product unit in a plurality of printing machines, a standard value file 16 for storing experience values of the printing machine operator as an initial value of the printing condition setting value, printing condition setting items 18 commonly adapted to a plurality of kinds of printing machines, and an individual machine setting item file 19 for storing the conversion table with the printing condition setting item of the individual printing machine corresponding thereto. The calculation control device 10 is furnished with master file retrieval means 11, standard value file retrieval means 12, printing condition setting value conversion means 13, and master film registering means 14.


By sandwiching a single GaAs/AlGaAs QWIP into the subwavelength metal/dielectric/metal plasmonic cavity, the cut-off wavelength of the QWIP has been extended by about 8.35% whilst the dark current is kept unchanged. The reason is attributed to the localized surface plasmon cavity mode enhancement to the photo-responsivity at the wavelength of the cut-off tails.


Let $\mathcal{K}(n, V)$ be the set of $n$-dimensional compact Kahler-Einstein manifolds $(X, g)$ satisfying $Ric(g)= - g$ with volume bounded above by $V$. We prove that after passing to a subsequence, any sequence $\{ (X_j, g_j)\}_{j=1}^\infty$ in $\mathcal{K}(n, V)$ converges, in the pointed Gromov-Hausdorff topology, to a finite union of complete Kahler-Einstein metric spaces without loss of volume. The convergence is smooth off a closed singular set of Hausdorff dimension no greater than $2n-4$, and the limiting metric space is biholomorphic to an $n$-dimensional semi-log canonical model with its non log terminal locus of complex dimension no greater than $n-1$ removed. We also show that the Weil-Petersson metric extends uniquely to a Kahler current with bounded local potentials on the KSBA compactification of the moduli space of canonically polarized manifolds. In particular, the coarse KSBA moduli space has finite volume with respect to the Weil-Petersson metric. Our results are a high dimensional generalization of the well known compactness results for hyperbolic metrics on compact Riemann surfaces of fixed genus greater than one.


This paper presents an enhanced type-2 fuzzy logic based agent that can be embedded in multi-occupant Ambient Intelligent Environments (AIEs). The agent utilizes the power of type-2 fuzzy logic in modeling various types of uncertainties (especially inter-user uncertainties) and the agent non-intrusively learns the collective behavior of the occupants from their individual type-1 profiles. Knowledge about the users' behavior and preferences is encoded in the form of type-2 rules and membership functions. The agent then uses the captured behavior to control the environment on behalf of the users and adapt in the short term as well as to long term changes in the environment or the users' habits. Multiple real world experiments were carried out in the Intelligent Classroom (iClass) (which is based in the Ambient Intelligence Centre "AMIC" at the German University in Cairo (GUC)), to evaluate the performance of the agent.


The Israel Arabs,being in the Palestine-Israel conflict,have a distinctive relationship with Palestine liberation movement,which appears in the following aspects: Israel Arabs' national consciousness was aroused and gradually developed in the Palestine national liberation movement;seeking a fair solution to Palestine problem and the founding of Palestine State were taken as their two objectives of the political struggle by the Israel Arabs who coordinated each other with activities against Israel for the occupied territory.However,the Israel Arabs is always at the periphery of Palestine national liberation movement,which is determined by the different identities,positions and prospect arrangement of the Israel Arabs and Palestinians in the occupied territory.


The present invention relates to a method for an internal combustion engine (208) with at least one cylinder (501-504). In the method, a first ion current (301-303) for the cylinder (501-504) is detected while the internal combustion engine (208) is operated at a first air-fuel mixture, and a second ion current (301-303) for the cylinder ( 501-504) detected while the internal combustion engine (208) is operated at a second air-fuel mixture. The first air-fuel mixture and the second air-fuel mixture are different. From the first and second ion current (301-303) of the cylinder (501-504) is determined, an ion current difference for the cylinder (501-504).


Gas consumption exist great regional difference, price and income are the main factors affecting consumption .Global gas consumption has slow growth, but the price in 2008 there was a twist. We analyze the global natural gas consumption and price points using the data from the BP. The level of economic development and natural gas reserves determine the differences in the levels of consumption. In order to eliminate the impact per unit, the regression model uses the data in the log. This paper studied the influence factors of natural gas consumption in North America using of consumer income elasticity and price elasticity. The results show that the gas consumption have a low income elasticity and price elasticity is higher .Law of "S" shape can explain the income elasticity is low, the reason is that the stage of economic development. Price elasticity is higher lies in the different between Canada and the United States, the United States is a net importer of natural gas, and Canada is a net exporter. Keywords: Consumption Flexibility; Natural Gas Demand; income; price


SUMMARY A typical commercial/institutional building is modeled using a computer program developed by ASHRAE as research project number RP-590. The RP-590 program output was used as input in a separate program written to calculate the CO2 concentration levels in the various zones of this typical building on an hourly basis for a one year cycle. This data allow one to see how VAV A/C systems affect the CO2 levels in each zone as the VAV boxes modulate in response to the thermal load. The CO2 concentration has been suggested to be a good indicator of indoor air quality (IAQ) in typical commercial and institutional settings. IAQ is a hot legal liability issue in the building industry. The results show that a VAV A/C system, that is adequate in all other respects, can adversely affect the indoor air quality of the building. Factors responsible for this are discussed and recommendations and limitations are given for the utilization of this work.


A hybrid approach to predict the far-field noise generated by an airplane nose landing gear is presented in this paper. The approach consists of a Lattice-Boltzmann Method (LBM) for the calculation of the flow-field around the fully detailed geometry of the landing gear which provides the input for a Ffowcs Williams – Hawkings (FW-H) solver to calculate the far-field noise. Both parts have been validated independently. The method is applied to the nose landing gear of a Gulfstream G550 business jet, for comparison with experimental results obtained in the University of Florida UFAFF wind tunnel. The near-field flow simulation using the LBM method showed good correlation with the PIV measurements of the flow field as well as surface microphone measurements, up to frequencies of about 4kHz. The comparison to experimental far-field results shows good agreement in the midfrequency range of 1-3kHz. At both low and high frequencies the simulations underpredict the measured results more strongly than the near field and surface measurements would suggest, which may be due to experimental limitations. A comparison between the solid and porous formulation of the FW-H solver shows that both method provide nearly equivalent results. However, inclusion of additional surfaces such as part of the fuselage is critical to achieving good results with the solid formulation. The effects of resolution of the near-field simulations are also investigated and show the expected lower cut-off frequency for lower resolutions for both the near-field and the far-field. No differences between the cases with different resolutions are observed up to 1 kHz in the near-field and up 2-3kHz in the farfield.


The impact of the family on the individual is very powerful and life-long. The family differs from other factors because the individual spends the most time in the family environment. In his family the child makes his first steps, utters the first words, starts gaining knowledge, learns his first value, forms attitudes and forms the foundation for the later development as a complete personality. Parents are the first and most responsible educators of their child, and upbringing is the most important and probably the hardest task of every parent. The period of adolescence is very important in every person's life, especially because of the process of separation and individuation. This is a transitional period from childhood to maturity with the greatest dynamics in the development of the individual. In this period adolescents change and mature. They are able to make independent decisions. Relationships with their parents play an important role in shaping their behavior. The paper observes the family through family interaction, which consists of the following dimensions: satisfaction with their own families, acceptance and rejection by the mother and father. The aim of this study was to examine whether dimensions of parental behavior and satisfaction with their own families, perceived by adolescents, are associated with adolescents' attitudes to some aspects of family life. The study was conducted on 862 students of the final year of high school, of whom 385 were male and 477 female. The results showed a statistically significant correlation between the assessed family interaction dimensions and adolescents' attitudes to family life, with the exception of the attitude to work. The results obtained can be used in organizing programs focusing on preparation of young people for parental and marital roles and strengthening the skills required later in their family lives for constructive solving of the problems they will encounter.


Libraries in general and parliamentary libraries in particular must transform themselves structurally and philosophically to face and actively work the profound cultural change that new information and communication technologies mean by adding value, proposing their method to facilitate the recovery and optimization of incommensurable content of the network, as eclectic as of varied value. At the same time, they must take these technologies for themselves and their users by reinventing their services, developing new ones, repositioning themselves in the management of information as referents of the search and the democratization of access, appropriating these means to improve their function in society.


Persistent mullerian duct syndrome (PMDS) is a rare variant of the disorder of sex development (DSD) 46,XY characterized by the presence of Mullerian duct derivatives in 46,XY males. Since cryptorchidism is the only external manifestation of PMDS, until recently, PMDS was not diagnosed in patients and detection of Mullerian duct derivatives during the surgical treatment of cryptorchidism in patients with 46,XY karyotype was regarded as a variant of gonadal dysgenesis, leading to an erroneous choice of treatment strategy in these patients. Only the development of the molecular diagnostics methods, in particular, new generation sequencing, which enable simultaneous investigation of several candidate genes, provided accurate differential diagnosis of the PMDS. This article reports a clinical case of late diagnosis of the familial form of PMDS caused by mutation in the AMH gene . Detected persistent Mullerian derivatives in combination with agenesis of the testicle in the proband at an early age led to the diagnosis gonadal dysgenesis. Given the proven high risk of malignization of the gonads located outside the scrotum in patients with gonadal dysgenesis, the patient underwent removal of the only gonad located in the inguinal canal. The correct diagnosis was established after a comprehensive molecular genetic study using a new generation sequencing with the «disorders of sex development» panel. This study detected a homozygous mutation in the AMH gene.


Author(s): Graus, Andrew Steven | Advisor(s): Bullock, James S | Abstract: One of the goals of theoretical galaxy formation is to use simulations combined with observations in order to constrain the fundamental physics that govern the formation of galaxies. Of particular interest are physical processes that can impact the formation of small-scale structures. Among the things we can potentially constrain with a combination of observations and simulations of small-scale structures are stellar feedback, reionization, and dark matter particle physics. We investigate several promising avenues to constrain fundamental physics with simulations of galaxy formation. First, we use the star formation histories (SFH) for Local Group dwarf galaxies in order to constrain high-redshift stellar mass functions (SMFs). Second, we look at the destruction of substructure around large galaxies, and how it may impact the detection of substructure via subhalo lensing. Finally, we use full hydrodynamics simulations of Local Volume dwarf galaxies in order to investigate the impact of stellar feedback on the age distributions of stars within these galaxies.


To construct the regional educational supermarket is a strategic objective to promote the integral educational development.To implement the educational livelihood project is the starting point of constructing the regional educational supermarket and provides the admission tickets for various "customers" to be accessible to the supermarket.To share educational resources within the region is not only the basis of the construction of the regional educational supermarket,but also the essential way to promote the integral educational development.To evaluate mutual performances of the schools in the region and share responsibilities in a certain scope is the destination and of the essence of the regional educational supermarket.


Moving Target Defense (MTD) is a defensive mechanism based on dynamic system reconfiguration to prevent or thwart cyberattacks. In the last years, considerable progress has been made regarding MTD approaches for virtualized environments, and Virtual Machine (VM) migration is the core of most of these approaches. However, VM migration produces system downtime, meaning that each MTD reconfiguration affects system availability. Therefore, a method for a combined evaluation of availability and security is of utmost importance for VM migration-based MTD design. In this paper, we propose a Stochastic Reward Net (SRN) for the probability of attack success and availability evaluation of an MTD based on VM migration scheduling. We study the MTD system under different conditions regarding 1) VM migration scheduling, 2) VM migration failure probability, and 3) attack success rate. Our results highlight the tradeoff between availability and security when applying MTD based on VM migration. The approach and results may provide inputs for designing and evaluating MTD policies based on VM migration.


GANs structure. However, those methods based on GANs did not get a better effect, their results usually have obvious quality problems such as serious distortion and visual artifacts. In this paper, we propose a novel portrait sketch synthesis approach based on the mish-gated U-net (MGUnet) and GANs to address the above problems. The MGUnet is an improvement on the classical U-net, which utilizes mish activation function to build a new gating module, and embeds the module in U-net to enhance the synthesis performance of the neural network. The proposed method can effectively eliminate artifacts and enhance the effect of synthesized images. The results of our experiments demonstrate that our method can convert satisfactory portrait sketches for portrait sketch synthesis.


Patients who undergo total knee arthroplasty (TKA) experience what is arguably the most quadriceps strength loss of any cohort of people who have had a knee injury or surgery. Much of the research surrounding TKA has focused on topics such as pain relief, knee range of motion, and prosthesis longevity. Investigating quadriceps central activation deficits (CAD) and quantifying patients' functional performance after surgery is a relatively new, but burgeoning, field of study. Given the important relationship between muscle strength and function in patients who have TKA, the comprehensive and directed review by Drs. Thomas and Stevens-Lapsley (11) in this issue of Exercise and Sport Sciences Reviews is a timely and useful summary of the sparse existing literature. Their plea for further research related to the etiology of quadriceps CAD after TKA is an appropriate point of emphasis in their review. For instance, the usual suspects of pain and knee effusion appear to play an unexpectedly limited role in influencing quadriceps CAD after TKA. At 1 month after TKA, when quadriceps CAD are substantial, the relationship between knee pain and activation failure is small (6,7,10). There does appear to be some relationship between knee pain during contraction and the degree of CAD, but nearly half of the patients with TKA did not report experiencing knee pain during strength assessments (7). Thus, the absence of knee pain with quadriceps contraction does not equate to an absence of activation failure. As the review aptly states, acute and pain-free knee effusions consistently induce quadriceps CAD in healthy volunteers, but the influence of chronic effusion and CAD is not as clearly established (4). The potential impact the iatrogenic damage to the joint capsule during surgery could have on intraarticular fluid pressure is unknown. The few reports that attempt to quantify knee swelling use volumetric or circumferential girth measures. These clinical measures do not discern the change of intracapsular versus extracapsular fluid. Currently, there is one published report that found a moderate relationship with acute increases in knee girth and quadriceps strength loss as patients were discharged from the hospital (3). Although causal data for quadriceps CAD are limited, the study of how interventions can influence CAD is especially rare (8). In fact, the findings from a 2003 National Institutes of Health consensus conference on TKA stated that ''there is no evidence supporting the generalized use of any specific preoperative or postoperative rehabilitation intervention'' (8). Drs. Thomas and Stevens-Lapsley (11) present excellent cases for the utilization of high-intensity neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES) and early progressive strengthening exercise as both appear to positively impact muscle strength and CAD in a way that enhances patients' functional mobility. I believe that their work will help shape the standard of practice for postoperative care. As TKA surgery can have a considerable negative impact on quadriceps muscle strength, it is appropriate to discuss the potential impact of less invasive surgical approaches. The review provides a high-quality summary of some of the risks versus gains of a minimally invasive TKA surgery technique. Another important consideration when discussing the potential impact of surgery on the soft tissues around the knee is the timing of when to use TKA for people with advanced knee osteoarthritis. There is evidence to suggest that patients often wait too late in the disease process to maximize the gains made with knee replacement (2). The best solution against difficulties in quadriceps muscle function and limited patient mobility may be to undergo surgical intervention before the precipitous declines observed in the late phases of osteoarthritis. It is worth noting that even with the considerable gains made with progressive strengthening and high-intensity NMES cited in the review by Thomas and Stevens-Lapsley (11), quadriceps CAD were not completely resolved back to normal levels (i.e., central activation close to Q95%). Patients also exhibit a relatively small quadriceps cross-sectional area in long-term testing. Other options to consider when mitigating CAD are the use of biofeedback tools to increase muscle force output or enhancing volitional recruitment during exercise (1). Cryotherapy is another potential adjunct that has had some success in addressing experimentally induced quadriceps CAD (9). Also, the use of eccentric exercises that


The relationship between tourism and the way of life of local communities motivated the production of this article, mainly in relation to artisanal fishing and the development of tourist activity. The aim of this research was to analyze the relationship between tourism and artisanal fishing on the Rio Camurupim, in the district of Barra Grande, in the municipality of Cajueiro da Praia, on the Piaui coast. The methodology used was field research with a qualitative approach, carried out with the application of semi-structured questionnaires, subsidized by direct observation and bibliographic reviews of monographs, articles and books. It was concluded that the relationship between artisanal fishing and tourist activity is not harmonious in Barra Grande.


Log While Drilling (LWD) Density-Neutron allow to calculate, in real/near real time, a continuous porosity and shale volume curves. Sometimes log acquisitions from different tool types are available. In these cases, attention should be paid to the reading characteristics of the individual tools, to calibrate the petrophysical interpretation in a consistent way.
 Generally, the LWD interpretation can be considered more critical than Wire Line Log WLL because the operation timing strongly limits an accurate QC of the data.
 Different Nuclear tools involve different measurement system for density and different energy source as well as different neutron energy range for neutron. During the field development phase, the petrophysiscal analysis can deal with various type of Density and Neutron log, even in distinct phases of the same well, making the lithology recognition, the shale volume and the effective porosity evaluation more difficult and even misleading during the formation evaluation step.
 The aim of this paper is to show through different case histories, how the various tool types can affect the formation evaluation model and a possible approach to mitigate the problem. The case study includes logs from different WLL and LWD tools, different well diameters, deviations and lithologies.
 After a careful QC, the data sets have been processed in order to identify homogeneous intervals (from the lithology and the porosity point of view) in order to make the response comparison based only on the characteristic of the different tool types.
 Once the conditions for a correct comparison have been fixed, the statistical distribution within the homogeneous intervals was quantitatively described using histograms and cross-plots.
 The results of the analysis have proven the influence of lithology: silty-shale sequences show the most significant discrepancy between the tool responses, while the clean lithologies show less or negligible discrepancy.
 If not properly considered, the different Density-Neutron (DN) tool responses inside a homogeneous interval can strongly affect the output of the petrophysical interpretation, mostly on shale volume and effective porosity with a dangerous fallout also in the reservoir modelling. In the presented case study, the observed discrepancy from different LWD Density tool can vary between 0-0.02 gr/cc while for Neutron tools between 0-5 p.u.
 To quantify the impact of the mentioned discrepancies on the petrophysical interpretation, a deterministic interpretation model (calibrated against cores data) was used for shale volume and effective porosity calculation.
 The comparison between DN shale volume derived from different tools and Gamma Ray (GR) has been defined as simple but strategic approach to understand the meaning of the DN response and therefore to define the proper shale point in the DN cross-plot for the petrophysical interpretation.
 If DN logs are acquired with various tool types properly calibrated, the discrepancy between the log readings is only due to the tool characteristics, and may mislead the interpretation if the lithological parameters are not properly calibrated.
 Comparison with other lithological logs (e.g. GR) and calibration with core data is mandatory for a correct and consistent petrophysical interpretation when different acquisitions are available.


This paper is a literature review of language teaching and research in the virtual environments, including five parts. The first part briefly reviews the three main stages of CALL. The second part is a summary of relevant theories, focusing on some key learning theories such as Constructivist Learning Theory, Situativity Theory and Engagement Theory. The third part introduces some commonly used network technologies and their applications in language teaching. The fourth part expands on the role of language teachers as the motive power in the implementation of network based language teaching, and in the development of online courses. The authors also anticipate the prospects of Network Based Language Teaching in China


Background: Violence is among the leading cause of death worldwide widely for people aged 15-49 years. Domestic violence is a common global problem, which is usually hidden from the public view that affects every individual. World widely, 40-70% of females are murdered by their intimate partner. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study design was used and eighty married women were selected using probability systematic sampling technique from Kawasoti-13, Nawalparasi. Data was collected by using a structured interview schedule to find out the awareness regarding domestic violence. Data entry was done by IBM SPSS version 20. Results: The overall finding of the study revealed that the mean age of the respondent was 37.64±8.973 years, 97.5% of respondents followed Hinduism, 76.3% were literate. Among literate 31.14% had completed basic education, 58.8% respondents were involved in agriculture and 60 % respondents belong to nuclear families. Only 31.3 % participated in the awareness program. About 47.5% had previously experienced domestic violence. Women's knowledge was higher on meaning higher knowledge on causes, types, and management of domestic violence whereas lower knowledge on laws of domestic violence. More than half 57.5% had adequate awareness regarding domestic violence. Conclusion: Based on the finding it can be concluded that nearly half of the married women had inadequate awareness regarding domestic violence. Therefore domestic viole


A survey of 3 sample urban populations of adolescent males and females was conducted in New Zealand to ascertain whether difficulties in obtaining contraceptives was a major factor contributing toward the high rate of unprotected intercourse among young people. The samples included 246 high school students, 80 university students, and 70 individuals from the general population. There was a 47% refusal rate so the interviewed subjects could not be considered representative of the total populations. Subjects were asked to indicate the degree of embarrassment they would experience in obtaining contraceptives from a variety of sources including some sources which were currently not available. Males felt somewhat more embarrassed in obtaining contraceptives than females. About 1/3 of the males said that they felt embarrassed when obtaining contraceptives at a chemist's shop, especially if they were served by a female shop assistant. Males preferred obtaining contraceptives from sources which provided them with a high degree of privacy and anonymity. Males favored obtaining contraceptives from mail order houses, from vending machines, and from male chemists who made contraceptives available in a special display area. Many males said that they would use the services of a male family planning clinic if such services were made available. Most female methods were available through doctors and females reported less embarrassment in obtaining contraceptives than males. About 1/3 of the females preferred getting contraceptive advice and methods from female doctors, and 1/2 of the females felt it was important to know how the physician felt about contraception before seeking his advice. Current methods of distribution are inadequate and new sources associated with less embarrassment are needed.


The sarcomere is the basic contractile unit within cardiomyocytes. The proper assembly of sarcomeres during development and their maintenance during homeostasis are critical for the contraction of ...