Emergency response planning is a complex task due to multiple organizations involved, different planning considerations, etc. Using artificial intelligence collaborative planning helps in the automatic planning for complex situations. Analyzing all impacting factors along with plans that are executable can facilitate the decision making in Emergency Operations Centers for an agile emergency response. A main component of a planner is a knowledge base. Although many systems are developed to support decision making in emergency response or recovery, they either focus on specific or small organizations, or rely on simulations. To the best of our knowledge, there is a gap that there is no common knowledge base for provincial level mass emergencies for automatic planners. The multiplicity of the emergency response documents and their structure makes the knowledge acquisition complex. In this paper, we explain the process of extracting knowledge based on hierarchical task networks and how it speeds up the reactivity to a disaster.


Since the initial experiments nearly a decade ago, remarkable progress has been made in the field of vascular gene transfer, and trials with human subjects already are under way. The potential of vascular wall gene transfer as therapy for various vascular diseases is considerable.1 2 The purpose of this review is 2-fold: (1) to delineate the methods and principles underlying vascular gene transfer and (2) to discuss how gene transfer might be used in the treatment of vascular diseases.

An overview of the basic principles of vascular gene transfer provides a perspective of its potential for vascular wall gene therapy. In this section, methods of gene transfer to the vascular wall, shortcomings of the available vectors, and techniques of vector delivery to the vascular bed are discussed.

### Methods of Gene Transfer to the Vasculature

As a target organ for gene transfer, the vasculature has several unique features (Table 1⇓). The principal methods of introducing genetic material into the vasculature include a cell-based approach, ex vivo gene transfer to vessel segments, and in vivo gene transfer to the vascular wall.

View this table:

 Table 1.
Unique Features of Vasculature as Target Organ for Gene Transfer

#### Cell-Based Gene Transfer

Cell-based gene transfer requires harvesting vascular wall cells, in vitro transduction, followed by seeding the vessel wall with transduced cells. Although this strategy has several potential applications, it is technically difficult (Table 2⇓). Both of the major vascular wall cell types, the smooth muscle cell (SMC) and the endothelial cell (EC), can be modified genetically for vascular gene transfer.

View this table:

 Table 2.
Cell-Based Vascular Gene Transfer

##### SMCs

In culture conditions, vascular SMCs are robust, do not have stringent growth requirements, and are transduced relatively easily. Hence, these cells are ideal for cell-based vascular gene transfer. Potential applications include modulating local vascular phenomena and obtaining systemic gene delivery.3 Feasibility of cell-based vascular gene transfer was demonstrated first by Plautz …


We need every tool we can get our hands on in the fight against global warming; a truly low‐carbon liquid fuel is clearly a tool we cannot give up lightly and arguably a tool we cannot do without. Unfortunately, our current policies do not require or reward broadly sustainably and truly low‐carbon biomass. What's more, the small policy steps forward are under atttack and the comprehensive policy solutions are not even being debated. As a result, any supply estimate that does not start by identifying the policies that would guide the market to choose sustainably managed feedstocks in sustainable quantities can be nothing more than a proof of concept, technical assessment. These estimates are misleadingly high in the current policy climate. Nevertheless to stop global warming we must try to get the right policies in place and with an aggressive package of policies, they might actually turn out to be low. A modest proposal for a billion gallon challenge with rich incentives and rigorous environmental requirements (perhaps building of voluntary sustainability certification standards such as the Roundtable on Sustainable Biofuels) is offered as a way to launch the advanced biofuels industry on the right track in a way will build public support.


Rice (Oryza sativa L.) production systems have a greater global warming potential than upland row crops due to methane (CH4) emissions resulting from anaerobic conditions associated with flood-irrigated soils. Based on recent research indicating the potential for hybrid cultivars to mitigate CH4 emissions from rice, the objective of this study was to determine the influence of several commonly grown hybrid rice cultivars on CH4 fluxes and emissions from a silt-loam soil. Four cultivars were evaluated: the three hybrids CLXL729, CLXL745, and XL753 and the pure-line cultivar Roy J. Methane fluxes were determined by measuring changes in headspace CH4 concentrations over a period of 1 hour using 30-cm-inner-diameter polyvinyl chloride chambers. Only minor differences in CH4 fluxes occurred among the three hybrid cultivars, while the pure-line cultivar (Roy J) generally had greater (P < 0.05) fluxes. Peak CH4 fluxes occurred just after heading and were greater (P < 0.05) from Roy J (7.9 mg CH4-C m-2 h-1) than from the three hybrid cultivars, which did not differ and averaged 5.1 mg CH4-C m-2 h-1. Seasonal CH4 emissions were greater (P < 0.05) from Roy J (74.8 kg CH4-C ha-1 season-1) than from CLXL729, XL753, and CLXL745, which did not differ, and averaged 55.3, 53.0, and 48.9 kg CH4-C ha-1 season-1, respectively. Results of this study indicate the use of common hybrid cultivars may have potential for mitigation of CH4 emissions from rice production on silt-loam soils in the mid-southern United States.


The coal resource in Xuzhou was rich.When the coal exploitation and utilization brought enormous economic and social benefits to the local people,it caused severe ground subsidence as well,affected the farmland,and damaged the buildings and roads.The radar image of differential interferometry technology(InSAR) could be able to detect the crustal deformation at centimeter scale or even more accurate.It had the advantages of all weather and wide area in monitoring settlement of subsidence of mine.Based on the monitoring of ground subsidence in Xuzhou mine,the authors introduced the application of InSAR technology in ground subsidence.


Glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) are a class of natural products extracted from animal organs (intestine, lungs, liver, etc) that have many biologic activities. 1 ' 2 Molecu lar mass, charge density


A purified water device with an absorbency detection function adopts the structure that ultraviolet spectrometry detectors are connected in parallel with the two ends of a detecting system of a water purification machine through three-way valves; the front ends of the water inlets of the ultraviolet spectrometry detectors are connected in series with a limiting valve. The purified water device is directly provided with the absorbency detecting system, so that the absorbency of purified water can be detected in real time, troubles caused by additionally arranging an ultraviolet spectrophotometer outside the purified water device and relative operations can be eliminated, and people can complete the detection of absorbency on the water purification machine with other detecting systems. The purified water device provided by the utility model can be one or more water purifiers of first level water, second level water and third level water, which can meet manufacture standards of GB6682-2008 Specification of water for analytical laboratory use and test methods.


List of Figures List of Tables Series Editor?s Introduction Preface 1. Introduction to Multiple Time Series Models 1.1 Simultaneous Equation Approach 1.2 ARIMA Approach 1.3 Error Correction or LSE Approach 1.4 Vector Autoregression Approach 1.5 Comparison and Summary 2. Basic Vector Autoregression Models 2.1 Dynamic Structural Equation Models 2.2 Reduced Form Vector Autoregressions 2.3 Relationship of a Dynamic Structural Equation Model to a Vector Autoregression Model 2.4 Working With This Model 2.5 Specification and Analysis of VAR Models 2.6 Other Specification Issues 2.7 Unit Roots and Error Correction in VARs 2.8 Criticisms of VAR 3. Examples of VAR Analyses 3.1 Public Mood and Macropartisanship 3.2 Effective Corporate Tax Rates 3.3 Conclusion Appendix: Software for Multiple Time Series Models Notes References Index About the Authors


The nurse-patient relationship and cross-cultural nursing are subjects with a broad theoretical-disciplinary approach; however, they have been conceived independently. Therefore, it is necessary to analyze the nuances, strengths, as well as the barriers and limitations of this relationship in intercultural contexts. In this sense, was proposed the development of the present study with the objective of analyzing the nurse-patient relationship in the presence of cultural diversity in situations of care for indigenous patients. For this, we realized a qualitative study with ethnographic approach, which allowed the recognition of the different elements to understand that relationship. Nursing and indigenous representations, communication, cultural mediation, as well as care strategies are factors that showing the situation of the indigenous nurse-patient relationship; a relationship that demonstrates the difficulties for communication, empathy and rapport with patients from a different culture. Likewise, they become references to achieve an adequate indigenous nurse-patient relationship. Finally, they constitute elements to improve the quality of nursing care in intercultural contexts.


Salivary hypofunction is a common side effect of radiation therapy for head and neck cancer. The authors are conducting a Phase I clinical gene therapy trial, using an E1-deleted first generation serotype 5 adenoviral vector for transferring the human aquaporin-1 gene (AdhAQP1) into the parotid gland. Here, Zheng et al. report that following administration of AdhAQP1 to an enrolled, generally healthy patient, E1-containing adenovirus was detected in parotid saliva. On day 7, low levels of the Ad5 E1 gene as well as significant levels of AdhAQP1 were detected in parotid saliva. Neither virus nor vector was detected in serum at any time. Detailed PCR analyses of DNA extracted from the day 7 parotid saliva sample suggested the absence of a recombination event. Thus, the patient likely had a latent Ad5 infection in the targeted parotid gland that was activated following gene transfer and was without clinical consequence.


Background: In structure of children diseases, respiratory pathologies occupy the first place (80 – 90 % of acute affections in children until the age of 5 years) special at the expense of recurrent ill children. By WHO in structure of death because of viral infections, Herpes simplex virus (HSV) is on the second place (16%) in world, right after the Flu. Domination of CMV infections (50 – 64 %) is 2 rates higher than herpetic infection at recurrent ill children.


The exposure of the eye directly to the environment renders it vulnerable to a number of uncommon infectious diseases caused by parasites. Once anatomical barriers are breached, host defences are often insufficient to prevent the infection from spreading localy. A fast identification and treatment of the involved microorganisms are necessary. Contact lens wear is associated with keratitis caused Acanthamoebae. Parasitic infections may also arise following bloodborne carriage of the microorganism to the eye or adjacent structures.


The fundamental law represents, in an organization based on democracy and respect for principles, a normative act enjoying a higher degree of stability under a temporal aspect. A constitution produces legal effects and remains in force for a period of many years, and the revisions made through specific procedures are also rarely registered. The Romanian supreme law as well, although adopted a quarter of a century ago, has been subject only just one time to the revision procedure. However, through its initial provisions, the Constitution of Romania cannot be subject to legislative revisions if these aim any of the regulations that cannot be subject to revision. Consequently, four of the characteristics of the Romanian state, added certain other fundamental values: republican form of government, independence of justice, integrity of the territory, official Romanian language and political pluralism, as well as some conditionings connected with the contexts, according to which any alterations of the fundamental law concerning individual freedoms cannot be operated, all these cannot form the object of a constitutional law, altering or revising the present fundamental law. KEY-WORDS: constitution, democracy, rights, effects, initiative, legislative procedures, referendum, republic, revision. JEL Code: K10 The fundamental law of a state creates the stability of the entire legislative system and, in the same time, sets guarantees, through its provisions, regarding compliance with the principles that stand as foundations of state organization. Although, in principle, supreme laws produce effects for a long period of time they can be subject to interventions upon its texts through the legislative levers that allow the alteration even of a state constitution. Hence, the present Constitution of Romania included, after entering into force at the end * Lect. univ. dr – Universitatea din Petroşani, ROMANIA.


The present invention, in order to recruit mesenchymal progenitor and / or stem cells in vivo or in vitro, relates to the use of nucleic acid encoding a chemokine and / or chemokine. The present invention further comprises these substances, preferably pharmaceutical preparations aimed at recruiting mesenchymal precursor and / or stem cells for tissue synthesis.


Worldwide ICT education (information communication technology) is facing a major challenge of declining student enrollments; battling to keep its curriculum relevant and up-to-date while trying to meet the high demand of ICT skilled workers in domain, such as resources, health, government and commerce. This paper, documenting research in progress, discusses these issues and challenges in ICT education and proposes a solution in the form of a digital ecosystem in ICT education involving three main stakeholders: academics, students and the IT industry, and how they could come together to tackle the problems faced.


If we are to recover the original text, the need to recognize and accept «latent» variants in the handling of the two codices PO is demonstrated. In order to compare the ecdotic efforts of the three editores —Canas, Marcos Marin and Nelson— the author makes a detailed analysis of fifty strophes contained in the description of Hell and the treatise on the Deadly Sins (2334-2383). He uses eight objective and pratical criteria to discriminate variants accurately: orthography, prefixation, scansion, lexical selectivity, cultural traditions, scribal proclivities, asynchronism, and contextual meaning. The article concludes with an example of the unified text produced by the proposed procedure, which guaranties greater intratextual coherence.


Introduction and Aims: Distraction osteogenesis can be used to stimulate healing in hypertrophic non-unions (HNU). We evaluated the use of closed (without opening the non-union) Ilizarov distraction for HNU with associated angulation, malrotation, and shortening. Method: Sixty-seven consecutive patients (mean age, 38.3 years) with 71 HNU were treated (1988–2001) using Ilizarov distraction. Patients had undergone an average of five previous operations. HNU classified as stiff ( Results: Non-unions included: 59 tibiae, six femora, two radii, and five ankle arthrodeses. Mean limb length discrepancy, 3.5cm; mean deformity, 16°; history of osteomyelitis, six cases. Closed distraction alone was successful in achieving union in 61 cases (86%) (mean follow-up, six years; mean time to union, eight months). Union rate was 91.6% (55 of 60 cases) for stiff HNU and only 54% (six of 11 cases) for partially mobile HNU. Distraction treatment alone failed to achieve union in 10 cases. In seven, union was achieved after bone grafting. Two required resection of infected non-union with bone transport to achieve union. One had persistent non-union. There were numerous superficial pin infections and three deep infections. Two cases had deformity at proximal tibial lengthening osteotomy site. Conclusion: Closed distraction is safe and reliable for stimulating union in stiff HNU. It is especially effective in a scarred limb that has undergone previous operations. It allows for simultaneous correction of deformity and length. Main disadvantage is lengthy time spent in external fixator.


A highly efficient conformation from facile benzoylhydrazines was developed under electrochemical condition.A variety of oxadiazoles were obtained with good yields by virtue of this new method.


Previous studies have reported that genome‐wide DNA methylation and differentially expressed genes and proteins are closely associated with drug resistance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M. tuberculosis). However, no reports have explored such associations in para‐aminosalicylic acid (PAS)‐resistant M. tuberculosis H37Rv. Here, we investigated genome‐wide methylation and transcriptome and proteome changes to explore the associations between specific genes and PAS resistance in M. tuberculosis H37Rv. The results revealed that 1,388 differentially methylated (1,161 hypermethylated and 227 hypomethylated) genes, 214 significantly differentially expressed (103 up‐ and 111 down‐regulated) genes and 137 differentially expressed (48 up‐ and 89 down‐regulated) proteins were regulated by PAS in M. tuberculosis H37Rv. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis revealed that metabolic pathways and ABC transporters were closely associated with differentially methylated and expressed genes, respectively. In addition, correlation analysis revealed that differentially methylated genes were negatively correlated with their transcriptional levels in PAS‐resistant M. tuberculosis H37Rv. Furthermore, the existence of five hypermethylated candidate genes (esxC, fabG3, fbpB, papA1 and pks2) in PAS‐resistant M. tuberculosis H37Rv was verified using protein–protein interaction analysis in the STRING database. The integrated DNA methylation and transcriptome and proteome analysis could provide valuable resources for epigenetics studies in PAS‐resistant M. tuberculosis H37Rv.


This paper describes a system of resources and procedures coordinated to improve a classified document inventorying process. The Bar Code Document Accountability System (BARDAS) was developed to demonstrate the feasibility of improving the management and reporting timeliness of secret document inventories by the accountable custodians. The paper discusses the reasons for the development method, the extensive error-checking, the degree of user-friendliness, and the use of bar code technology in accomplishing these goals. Finally, the reactions of users to the system and future plans for enhancement are discussed.


Throughout the last 40 years of the development of Malaysian nationhood, the needs of people marginalized by attitudes towards mental illnesses have been inadequately addressed. This article explores the concept of citizenship in relation to social rights and social inclusion within the context of the 'caring society'.


Designer scaffolds reveal the minimal requirements of engineered MAPK scaffolds. Designer scaffolds for kinase cascades The MAPK cascade has three sequentially acting kinases that are recruited to proteins that function as scaffolds. Ryu and Park designed synthetic scaffolds, which contained multiple copies of a PDZ domain, and kinases or phosphatases tagged with a peptide that bound the PDZ domain, to engineer a mating response circuit in yeast. Unexpectedly, when expressed with the three peptide-tagged kinases in the cascade, a scaffold with just two PDZ domains produced mating responses. The intensity or duration of the output of the synthetic circuit could be altered by expressing a phosphatase tagged with the PDZ-binding peptide that was recruited to the scaffold or by altering the affinity of the PDZ-binding peptide on a kinase. A synthetic PDZ-based MAPK circuit also functioned in mammalian cells. Thus, this synthetic biology approach of designer scaffolds revealed the minimal requirements of engineered MAPK scaffolds and provided evidence for the ability to engineer adjustable synthetic circuits in eukaryotic cells. As hubs for eukaryotic cell signaling, scaffold proteins are attractive targets for engineering and manipulating signaling circuits. We designed synthetic scaffolds with a repeated PDZ domain that interacted with engineered kinases of the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) cascade involved in yeast mating to investigate how modular interactions mediate kinase cascades. The synthetic scaffolds functioned as logic gates of signaling circuits. We replaced the endogenous yeast scaffold Ste5 with designer scaffolds with a variable numbers of a PDZ domain that bound kinases or phosphatases engineered with a PDZ-binding motif. Although association with the membrane was necessary for pathway activity, surprisingly, mating responses occurred when the circuit contained a scaffold with only two PDZ domains, which could only bind two of the three kinases simultaneously. Additionally, the three tiers of the MAPK pathway exhibited decreasing positional plasticity from the top [MAPK kinase kinase (MAPKKK)] to the bottom (MAPK) tier such that binding of a MAPKKK, but not a MAPK, from the osmoregulatory pathway or protein kinase C pathway to the synthetic scaffold activated a reporter of the mating response. We also showed that the output duration and intensity could be altered by recruiting phosphatases or varying the affinity of the recruited proteins for the scaffold and that a designer MAPK scaffold functioned in mammalian cells. Thus, this synthetic approach with designer scaffolds should enable the rational manipulation or engineering of signaling pathways and provide insight into the functional roles of scaffold proteins.


A TIME SERIES is data collected from a system or a process over time, and one characteristic of this data is that is often demonstrates serial dependence. As such, that characteristic violates an assumption found in elementary statistics courses where the data is assumed to be independent over time. The motivation for the book comes from the authors experiences in working with practitioners who have found "time series analysis techniques and their applications complicated and subsequently were left frustrated." The authors feel that time series analysis is best learned by application. That was the focus of their series of columns called 'Quality Quandaries' published in Quality Engineering which eventually became this book.


Understanding migration and abundance of Chinook salmon stocks during critical early marine periods is important because declining returns in some regions of Alaska have eff ectuated commercial fi shery disaster declarations since 2012. Annual ocean catch data of juvenile and immature Chinook salmon pre-recruits were examined from research surface trawling in Icy Strait, Southeast Alaska (SEAK), from 1997 to 2014 to examine how ocean survival depends on critical early periods. In total, 1,108 Chinook salmon were sampled in 1,037 trawl hauls from May to September. Data on the release location and timing for 50 fi sh recovered with coded-wire tags (CWTs) indicated most to be of SEAK origin (48), and either immature (ocean age-1) or juvenile (ocean age-0). Based on monthly CWT Chinook salmon recoveries and catch, juvenile fi sh occurred in increasing abundance from June to September, whereas immature fi sh occurred in decreasing abundance from May to September. There was strong coherence in the ocean survival rates of wild and hatchery SEAK stocks of Chinook salmon, and average regional survival was signifi cantly (p < 0.05) correlated to the abundance of ocean age-1 fi sh, but not ocean age-0 fi sh. This study indicates SEAK Chinook salmon stocks have initial localized marine distributions as juveniles, and they are present as immature fi sh in the ensuing spring and summer. Research catch rates of pre-recruits have the potential to be useful as a leading ecosystem indicator stock assessment tool for managers.


As the summary of the"Eight Chapters of Perfection",the author takes the nine-gradation"Ceng City"on the Kunlun Mountain as its core,and the idea of"three types of distance"in landscape arrangement,also the four elements"mountain, water,woods,building"in Chinese garden making as the clues,the chapter"Endless Gradation"attempts to raise the question of time in context with space of a"winding path leads to deep and serene place".That is,shall we chase the endless time by achieving the infinite space in the idea of"deepness and serenity within a small area"in the arrangement of the"space close to mountain and woods"?In addition, the chapter also tries to clarify the complicated connotation of the word"gradation"in landscape arrangement,which is regarded as the equivalent to the word"space"in nowadays.


We analyze rare-earth 3{ital d}-core x-ray-absorption spectra (3{ital d} XAS) in PrO{sub 2}, as well as in CeO{sub 2}, using the impurity Anderson model. It is shown that the interplay between the atomic multiplet coupling and the solid-state hybridization between rare-earth 4{ital f} and oxygen 2{ital p} states is essential in determining the spectral shape. The calculated spectra are in fair agreement with experimental data which supports the theory that there is a strong mixing between 4{ital f}{sup 1} and 4{ital f}{sup 2}{ital v} in the ground state of PrO{sub 2}, where {ital v} denotes a hole in the oxygen 2{ital p} valence band. A theoretical prediction of Pr 4{ital d} XAS of PrO{sub 2} is also given. Because it contains much structure, experimental determination of this spectrum would be very valuable for the study of mixed-valence compounds.


Project is a temporary endeavor to create a unique product, service, or result. E-business major courses teaching are focused on the projects that are in the e-business field. The application of project management knowledge and methods to e-business major courses teaching can not only strengthen the students' consciousness of team cooperation and the ability of planning, communication and organizing, but also can enhance the ability of solving the practical problems. This article introduced the successful application and practice in Beijing Union University. It will be valued to improve the level of e-business major courses teaching.


In Northern Ireland, as in the rest of the United Kingdom, the war years were those in which the state began to subsidize the arts, The Entertainment Nation al Service Association, first established in World War I to entertain the troops, was revived. Given the presence of British and Allied troops in the state this group also operated in Northern Ireland; there was, however, still "no compara ble service for the civilian population at home."1 That changed in 1943 when, with the help of the Pilgrim Trust?a beneficence set up by Edward Harkness in 1930?the Council for the Encouragement of Musk and the Arts was estab lished in Northern Ireland,2 Later, CEMA Northern Ireland would also benefit from the largesse of the Carnegie United Kingdom Trust, CEMA, as it became known, was composed of the Council and three suhcommittees? dealing with art, drama, and music, respectively?3 By 1945, CEMA Northern Ireland had thirty-one local committees, although sometimes a committee amounted to a one-person campaign, and it was always a voluntary undertaking.1 CEMA*s slogan in the United Kingdom became "the best for the most,** and this was also adopted in Northern Ireland, However* by 1953* CEMA had been forced into a divisive pol icy which alienated significant numbers of their supporters: the playing of the British national anthem, "God Save the-KingTat all events that they sponsored. As in the United Kingdom, agitation for state support for the arts in Northern Ireland came from outside of government circles. In 1940, Queen's


The interaction parameters and performance properties such as solubilizing capacity and foaming behaviour of the aqueous Alkyl poly (glucoside) (APG)-sodium dodecylsulfate (SDS) mixed surfactant system have been investigated. The critical micellar concentrations (cmcs) obtained by surface tension measurements revealed that there is a synergism between these two surfactants. Performance properties such as solubilizing capacity have been investigated by measuring the absorbance and the viscosity of solubilized polar oily materials like octanol, decanol, dodecanol. The solubilizing phenomenon exhibited by mixed surfactant systems showed better results than that of the individual surfactant system. The foaming capacity of Alkyl poly (glucoside) with Sodium dodecylsulfate showed highly stabilized foaming behaviour in both distilled water as well as in hard water (324 ppm).


Population ageing means there are, and will be, far more older voters within the electorate. This may exacerbate the apparent marginalisation of young people within the democratic process, and more importantly, undermine the demographic context within which representative democracy has developed, that is, a pyramid-shaped age distribution. This paper details the 'open secret' of the impact of ageing on the age balance within the electorate, and uses voter turnout and registration data to document the extent of young peoples under-representation. It also discusses the traditional status of young people, and the nature of age as a psephological characteristic, within the democratic process, arguing that population ageing may be undermining an 'unwritten rule' of representative democracy by eliminating the over-representation at the ballot box of the voters most likely to be impacted by the outcomes of the democratic process for longest.


The absolute configuration of the title compound, C24H23NO2, has been confirmed as 3R,4R. The hydroxymethyl group and phenyl ring at the asymmetric C atoms exhibit α and β orientations, respectively, and the non-planar heterocyclic ring of the tetrahydroisoquinoline system adopts an envelope conformation. The crystal structure is stabilized through hydrogen bonds.


In the framework of the present study was carried out monitoring of reinforced concrete structures subjected to reinforcement. As reinforcement elements, steel channels were used, rigidly connected to a reinforced concrete beam to be reinforced. Object of research: systems of quasi-continuous observations of the parameters of the construction object carried out on the basis of the monitoring system. Subject of research: identification of the possibility of using various systems, in particular, geodetic and strain gauge monitoring, to monitor the bending of reinforced concrete elements and, in particular, reinforced concrete beams. Aim: Comparative analysis of strain gauge and geodetic monitoring in the process of fixed changes in static loads on structural elements. Materials and methods: the initial materials for this study were the results of geodesic and strain gauge monitoring during statistical step-by-step loading of reinforced concrete beam by steel channels. Results: on the basis of the obtained dependences of the deflection of elements of reinforced and reinforcing structures in time during their step-by-step statistical loading the possibility of using geodetic control is shown. Conclusions: The possibility of using geodesic and strain gauge methods for monitoring reinforced concrete structures is proved.


[Extract:] Welcome readers to the Emerging Perspectives Special Issue on the International Doctoral
Seminar. The International Doctoral Seminar (IDS) is a collaborative project involving three
universities, one each in Australia (Queensland University of Technology—QUT), Canada
(University of Calgary—UC), and China (Beijing Normal University—BNU). This Special Issue
idea began serendipitously on a beautiful evening in Brisbane after a meal of delicious Vietnamese
and Chinese food, shared amongst the doctoral seminar participants during the 2017 cycle, at
which I was a student participant. We were standing outside the restaurant chatting and saying
goodnight when one of the faculty mentors and one of the student participants approached me.
They told me that they had been discussing publishing opportunities for international graduate
students. The faculty mentor knew I was one of the editors of EPIGREP and exclaimed, "wouldn't
it be neat to publish a Special Issue of our IDS 2017 experience?" We continued to talk about the
possibility and let it sit. The next day, we headed to a market and beach. While we were loading
the bus, the faculty mentor asked me to pick up the microphone and introduce EPIGREP to
everyone, where I asked if they would be interested in collaborating for a Special Issue. Thinking
back, the ride was bumpy, and I had to think organically to represent our journal positively. There
were some questions and excitement in the air, despite it being a long and somewhat tiring day
already.


Abstract : This report examines residual glow in head-up displays. The contrast threshold work of Blackwell is used to estimate the detrimental effects of this glow on operator (pilot) performance. It is shown that even small amounts of glow can have serious detrimental effects on performance. The amount of detriment is a function of the level of glow, the operator's state of luminance adaptation, and the perceived contrast ratio between the target and the surround. The methods used in this report can be used to examine cases other than the ones presented in the report as required. (Author)


The movie recommender system is a technology designed to make it easier for users to provide recommendations quickly and among the many pieces of information. Because the number of movies is huge, it causes a person to be confused in determining the choice of the movie to watch. Many movie recommending systems have been developed, but users cannot interact intensively. Based on these problems, we developed a chatbot-based conversational recommender system, which can interact intensively with the system. The developed chatbot uses normal language handling to permit the framework to comprehend what the user enters as natural language. POS Tagging is used to find tags in the form of movie titles with patterns in the POS Tagging model. However, the algorithm of those used on POS Tagging does not pay attention to the sentence entity, so the predicted title must correspond to the provisions of POS Tagging. Multinomial Naive Bayes looks for similarities of user input to datasets on intents. The dataset with the highest probability value or almost equal to the sentence entered by the user can be used as a response to user input. The test results of the chatbot application showed that the match rate between response and user input was 89.1%. Thus, the developed chatbot can be used well to provide practical and interactive movie recommendations.


Long Term Evolution (LTE) and its revision, Long Term Evolution-Advanced (LTE-A), were designed for high performance communications between devices operated by human users. However, when these networks are used for Machineto- Machine (M2M) traffic, i.e., communications between smart electronic devices that do not need human supervision, performance is far from satisfactory. This is mostly due to the overload condition created when a large number of M2M devices attempts random access using the fourstep handshake prescribed by the LTE standard. In this article, we describe an overlay network that allows M2M devices to access the network without going through the full handshake. We show that the overlay provides much improved performance for M2M traffic, especially when the transmission power of M2M devices is slightly increased to combat the overload condition, and is capable of supporting M2M traffic in device-todevice (D2D) communication mode.


studies in China. Part two offers an overview on the changing regional and inter-provincial disparities, and industrial development after the economic reforms in provincial perspective. There are four chapters in part three with emphasis on individual regions. Two are on the Zhujiang Delta, with urbanization from a planned economy to a world market economy and a micro-level study on a rural economy transformation in Zengbu. The other two are on Shanghai and the north-east. The Shanghai chapter discusses the process of suburbanization while the north-east chapter explains why growth has decreased in the important heavy industry area in China. Part four has six chapters on special issues, including a proto-type research on the pseudo-contractual relationship between a local government and a foreign co-operation in the Zhujiang Delta; an evaluation of housing policy in urban China; the effect of foreign investment on urban development in China; the spatial characteristics of air pollution in Chinese industry; rural-urban relations under the system of city-administered county; and an inter-provincial analysis on the relationship between rural enterprises and economic adjustment from 1988 to 1991.


BACKGROUND Malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors (MPNSTs) are rare soft-tissue tumors. Intracranial metastasis from MPNSTs is quite rare. OBSERVATIONS The authors report on a 73-year-old male whose MPNST metastasized to the brain and a 32-year-old male with leptomeningeal metastasis from MPNST and review 41 cases of MPNST that developed intracranial metastasis, as reported in the literature. LESSONS Brain metastasis and leptomeningeal metastasis of MPNSTs show different clinical courses and require pathology-specific treatment.


Increasing frequency of infections caused by antibiotic resistant Escherichia coli strains producing extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) needs to be addressed by continuous surveillance and accurate detection of specific ESBLs genes for more effective treatment. A total of 71 β-lactam drug resistant isolates (26 phenotypically ESBL-producing and 45 non-ESBLproducing) were observed to carry approximately 23 kb plasmids. These isolates were subjected to β-lactamase gene-targeted PCR to detect plasmid-encoded blaTEM, blaSHV, blaCTX-M group1 and blaCTX-M group9 genes. BLAST analysis of amplicons revealed that plasmid-encoded blaTEM is most prevalent in both ESBL and non-ESBL-producing E. coli isolates. Plasmid-encoded blaSHV gene was only detected in 8 non-ESBL-producing isolates and explanation of such observation awaits additional studies to detect the possibility that the gene could be in the chromosomal DNA or to test the prevalence of the plasmid-encoded gene with more isolates. Twelve isolates of the ESBLtype blaCTX-M were identified from phenotypically identified ESBLs, comparable with 13 isolates detected with blaTEM. This observation suggests that the relatively newly emerging ESBL-type CTX-M is continuously increasing as one of the new β-lactamase derivatives among ESBLproducing E. coli in the clinical setting. This study reveals that there is discrepancy between the results of the phenotypic observation and genotypic analysis showing that the presence of ESBL-associated β-lactamase genes may be undetected when using the conventional phenotypic approach. Mutation in these unexpressed genes may result to ESBL antibiotic resistance, suggesting that the unexpressed and undetected genes may serve as reservoir for ESBL genes.


We give a uniform treatment of the logical properties of al- ternating weak automata on innite strings, extending and rening work of Muller, Saoudi, and Schupp (1984) and Kupferman and Vardi (1997). Two ideas are essential in the present set-up: There is no acyclicity re- quirement on the transition structure of weak alternating automata, and acceptance is dened only in terms of reachability of states; moreover, the run trees of the standard framework are replaced by run dags of boun- ded width. As applications, one obtains a new normal form for monadic second order logic, a simple complementation proof for weak alternating automata, and elegant connections to temporal logic.


In this paper, a novel fast support vector machine (SVM) method combining with the deep quasi-linear kernel (DQLK) learning is proposed for large scale image classification. This method can train large-scale dataset with SVM fast using less memory space and less training time. Since SVM classifiers are constructed by support vectors (SVs) that lie close to the separation boundary, removing the other samples that are not relevant to SVs has no effect on building the separation boundary. In other word, we need to reserve the boundary samples that are likely to be SVs. The proposed method uses an approximate separation classifier obtained by training a small subset selected from training data randomly as a reference to detect and remove non-relevant samples whose normalized algebraic distance to the reference classification boundary is larger than a threshold. The proposed method is implemented in the feature space. Therefore, by means of a good kernel method the proposed method can train high dimension data and image data. The DQLK method is used to extract and construct kernel matrix for the proposed method. Experimental results on different datasets and expended very large scale datasets show that the proposed method obtains outstanding ability to deal with very large scale image classification.


This paper examines the influence of future boundary conditions for boosting systems. It employs engine process simulation to select different intake valve timings on a four-cylinder 1.4-l spark-ignition engine with a view to illustrating the extent to which a single-stage boosting system is capable of providing the level of boost pressure that is demanded. Single-stage boosting systems show a number of benefits over two-stage systems in terms of cost, package and catalyst light-off. This was the reason for examining how far adapting or advancing a single-stage boosting system can meet the rising demands on boost pressure. Variabilities on the compressor and turbine side were used to increase boosting system spread. Comprising VTG, wastegate and VTC, the most promising configuration makes it possible to attain the basic full-load curve using Miller timings (ΔIVC = 40°). This reduces consumption in the region of 3 to 6%. Despite demanding a higher level of boost pressure, the supercharging system provides even further potential for increasing mean effective pressure by 10% at same low end torque speed. Measurements on a single-cylinder engine were able to confirm the fuel-saving trends identified in simulation.


To study the air flowing regularities of natural ventilation and predict the distribution of airflow inside a building,a new 2D lattice Boltzmann method for natural ventilation in building was constructed on condition that the air is incompressible and the velocity of flow field is low.The total flow field of building was divided into indoor and outdoor regions;a 2D Boltzmann model based D2G9 and LBM-LES model of natural ventilation in building was proposed for the low and high Reynolds number region respectively;The bounce-back scheme and the Bouzidi curved boundary scheme were adopted to deal with the straight wall and curved wall separately;Finally,the airflow distribution of natural ventilation in building was carried out at Re=500 and Re=5000.It was found that the simulating result agreed well with that of the software Fluent 6.1,which proves that the model is feasible for simulating natural ventilation in building.


In this paper, a generalized and improved modeling of the unified power flow controller (UPFC) for Newton-Raphson power flow studies has been presented. Sparse techniques are applied in the formulation and calculation of Jacobian matrix. While numerous studies concerning the utilization of these flexible AC transmission system (FACTS) devices including UPFC have been carried out so far but they are not free from complex mathematical modeling and are not generalized for any FACTS devices. The proposed model can be easily extended to any FACTS devices with minor modification in the Jacobian matrix of the power flow algorithm. The performance of the proposed model has been tested for IEEE-30 bus systems. It has also been observed that the proposed model can be applied to larger systems and do not suffer with computational and mathematical difficulties.


Background: P.aeruginosa has many virulence factors which are the main reason for
infection and the emergence of antibiotic resistance leading to an increase of morbidity
and mortality. Currently, multidrug resistance is the hardest problem, which made it
imperative to search for alternative treatment strategies. Objective: detection of some
phenotypic virulence factors of P.aeruginosa isolated from ICU patients and the
possibility of any antibiotic resistance related to certain virulence factors released by P.
aeruginosa. Methodology: Our study was carried out on patients admitted to ICU
Department in Benha University Hospital and infected with P.aeruginosa, the isolates
subjected to phenotypic detection of the virulence factors: phospholipase, alkaline
protease, lipase, gelatinase, esculin hydrolysis, biofilm formation, hemolysin and DNase
production using specific media for each and evaluation of the antibiotic susceptability
pattern using Kirby Bauer disk diffusion assay. Results: P.aeruginosa virulence factors
were recorded as follow: hemolysin (70%) followed by alkaline protease (68%),
phospholipase (62%), gelatinase & biofilm formation (60%) for each, lipase & bile
esculin hydrolysis (54%) for each and DNase (2%).High antibiotic resistance was
detected to mostly all of the used antibiotic discs. Also, presence of invasive device,
prolonged hospital stay, ICU stay and higher number of virulence factors were
associated with poor outcome. Conclusions: Production of different phenotypic
virulence factors in high amount reflects their important role in spread of infection and
pathogenicity with increased antibiotic resistance. Therefore finding anti-virulence
factors as adjuvant therapy has an important role in treatment of P. aeruginosa
especially MDR isolates.


Simultaneously measured thermospheric N2 densities and solar EUV fluxes obtained by the AE-E satellite are compared with ground-based solar 10.7-cm fluxes and calcium plage measurements. Short-wavelength (coronal) EUV emissions correlate better with thermospheric density than the 10.7-cm flux, although the reduction in density residuals is small. Correlation of density with a calcium plage index was somewhat worse than with 10.7. Although the overall correlation of 10.7-cm flux with EUV fluxes is high, the best fit slopes are different for short- and long-term variations, and there are instances where the short-term behavior of various EUV emissions and that of the 10.7-cm flux are distinctly different. For both density and EUV, a two-factor formula based on daily 10.7-cm flux and a running mean of the 10.7-cm flux provides a better fit than using the daily 10.7-cm flux alone.


Marshall, Tex., April 25, 1904. To the Editor: —It would appear to one of your southern subscribers and a son of one of those "rebels" "who did not generally fire on those wearing the ambulance badges," that the article in The Journal, April 23, entitled "The First Use of Ether as an Anesthetic at the Battle of the Wilderness in the Civil War" is more of a laudatory article on the exceptional valor of the pension drawers than one of interest to medical men. What is said of ether would not occupy ten lines in the article, which is made up of heroic federal and vanquished rebel. Believing The Journal to be non-partisan as much for the conquered rebel as for the victorious federal, I was surprised and grieved to find any such article in its pages.


Despite the obvious business value of visualizing similarities between ele- ments of evolving information spaces and mapping these similarities e.g. onto geospa- tial reference systems, analysts are often more interested in how the semantic orien- tation (sentiment) towards an organization, a product or a particular technology is changing over time. Unfortunately, popular methods that process unstructured tex- tual material to detect semantic orientation automatically based on tagged dictionar- ies (Scharl et al. 2003) are not capable of fulfilling this task, even when coupled with part-of-speech tagging, a standard component of most text processing toolkits that distinguishes grammatical categories such as article (AT), noun (NN), verb (VB), and adverb (RB). Small corpus size, ambiguity and subtle incremental change of tonal expressions between different versions of a document complicate the detection of se- mantic orientation and often prevent promising algorithms from being incorporated into commercial applications. Parsing grammatical structures, by contrast, outper- forms dictionary-based approaches in terms of reliability, but usually suffers from poor scalability due to their computational complexity. This paper addresses this predica- ment by presenting an alternative approach based on automatically building Tagged Linguistic Unit (TLU) databases to overcome the restrictions of dictionaries with a limited set of tagged tokens.


Objective Multiple cortical areas including the primary somatosensory cortex are known to be involved in nociception. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) that modulates the cortical excitability painlessly and noninvasively, over somatosensory cortex on acute pain perception induced with a Tm:YAG laser. Methods Subjective pain rating scores and amplitude changes of the N1, N2, and P2 components of laser-evoked potentials of 10 healthy participants were analyzed before and after anodal, cathodal, and sham tDCS. Results Our results demonstrate that cathodal tDCS significantly diminished pain perception and the amplitude of the N2 component when the contralateral hand to the side of tDCS was laser-stimulated, whereas anodal and sham stimulation conditions had no significant effect. Discussion Our study highlights the antinociceptive effect of this technique and may contribute to the understanding of the mechanisms underlying pain relief. The pharmacologic prolongation of the excitability-diminishing after-effects would render the method applicable to different patient populations with chronic pain.


Abstract The calcium (Ca), sodium (Na), and potassium (K) contents of blue gum, maritime pine, and cork increased after these lignocellulosics were stirred with the filtrate of a cement suspension or a solution of calcium hydroxide. The adsorbed cations could be released easily by treatment with an acidic solution. It is suggested that those raw materials, and lignocellulosics in general, act as cation exchange substrates when they are mixed with cement and water to make wood–cement composites. The implications that such phenomena may have on cement hardening reactions, and how they could hinder them are discussed. The possibility that the phenomenon is related to well‐known compatibility problems that many woods present when manufacturing wood–cement composites is discussed.


Over the last few years, social networking has established itself to be a significant trend on the Internet. Together with the existence of social networking, Web 2.0 tools have gained much popularity. Internet users around the world are catching the social networking and Web 2.0 bug. According to a study in the UK, 20 percent of online users were regularly logging onto social networking websites like Facebook, MySpace, Orkut, and Friendster. With the growth in the popularity of social networking and Web 2.0 tools, it is only a matter of time before people and businesses become receptive to the commercial possibilities offered by them. We look at one of the popular social networking website, Facebook, and see how these Web 2.0 tools can actually aid in the advertising and promotion aspects through Word-of-Mouth effects.


Die Begutachtung der Fahreignung alkoholauffaelliger Kraftfahrer stellt ein Mosaik aus medizinischen und psychologischen Untersuchungsmethoden dar. Physiologische Grundlagen, Moeglichkeiten und Beschraenkungen der hierbei zum Einsatz kommenden biologischen Alkoholmarker GGT, MCV, CDT, Ethylglucuronid und weiterer Marker werden im Hinblick auf die spezielle Fragestellung diskutiert. Beruecksichtigt werden dabei unter anderem auch die Moeglichkeit einer kuenstlichen Erhoehung des CDT durch inadaequate Lagerung der Blutprobe und die Frage des geeigneten Referenzbereiches von CDT fuer forensische Fragestellungen. Schliesslich wird auf die Problematik der Kombination mehrerer Alkoholmarker und ihre Folgen fuer Spezifitaet und Sensitivitaet eingegangen. (A) ABSTRACT IN ENGLISH: Appraisals for regranting of licenses of DWI offenders resemble a mosaic, consisting of different medical and psychological examination methods. In order to detect an ongoing alcohol misuse or to verify an alleged teetotalism, the medical examination routinely comprises the measurement of the alcohol markers GGT and MCV, sometimes supplemented by CDT. Due to the low positive predictive value and specificity of GGT, the quantification of the differentiation markers AST and ALT is inevitable to ascertain an alcohol misuse. Additionally, AST/ALT and GGT/AST ratios over 2 suggest a hepatopathy caused by ethanol. The diagnostic specificity for an ethanol misuse of MCV is a little higher than of GGT. Nevertheless, a complete blood count is necessary to exclude a macrocytic anemia or other hematological diseases that may come along with macrocytosis. The time frame of MCV complies with the lifespan of erythrocytes and averages out 120 days. Therefore, short-term changes of drinking behavior are not recorded by this marker. Carbohydrate Deficient Transferrin (CDT) possesses a high specificity for alcohol misuse, but needs a special drinking pattern with a daily consume of 50 to 80 gram ethanol. For forensic purposes, an upper reference value of 3.3 percent is suggested at use of the new percent CDT immunoassay of Axis-Shield (Oslo, Norway). The appraiser has to ensure that an artificial elevation of the CDT value (for example by storage of the blood sample at room temperature during the transport to the laboratory) can be excluded. Due to the low negative predictive value of CDT, CDT concentrations under 3.3 per mil are not qualified to reinforce an alleged teetotalism. This, however, can be achieved by ethyl glucuronide, a direct ethanol metabolite with a specificity for recent alcohol consumption of 100 percent, which one can still find several hours after the end of alcohol consumption in blood and up to 80 hours in urine, depending on the initial concentration. As the expert has to bargain for drinking pauses on the occasion of the appraisal, he has to take notice of the time spans that different markers need for normalization. The question and the circumstances of the individual case specify the selection of the markers and their interpretation. The combination of two or more alcohol markers may lead to an extensive reduction of specificity, if the exceeding of the reference value by just one marker is considered to be sufficient to diagnose an alcohol misuse. A substantial reduction of sensitivity was the result, however, if the appraiser would claim that all markers have to exceed their reference spans to enable him to diagnose an alcohol misuse. (A)


Qian Zhongshu's Fortress Besieged reflects his artistic philosophy,which is the example of his view of value and aesthetics.From Fortress Besieged,we can see his artistic philosophy in Limited Views:Essays on Ideas and Letters and On Ancient Literature.Fortress Besieged reflects his idea on writing style "vulgar as elegance;old as new",and the marriage view in the story accords with his value and aesthetic ideal.


High frequency surface wave radar (HFSWR) is traditionally unable to detect target altitude information. To simultaneously estimate the target altitude and radar cross-sections (RCS) with bistatic HFSWR, a novel estimation model is proposed with the variation of the propagation attenuation, and the target echoes are utilized to construct the measurement equation. The presented model is completely observable to the target state, which can contribute to preferable estimation results. In order to improve the estimation accuracy, a centralized fusion model is adopted to fuse four measurement vectors. Simulations and practical examples demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed estimation model.


Seven young patients with newly diagnosed severe hypertension were studied for one week. The mean age was 34.9 years (range 28–44). The mean initial values ± s.d. for systolic and diastolic pressures were 223 ± 27 and 141 ± 8 mmHg, respectively. Secondary hypertension was excluded by conventional methods and serum creatinine was normal. A pronounced but quite variably elevated albumin excretion 440 ± 448 μg/min (mean ± s.d.) and a moderately increased β2-microglobulin excretion 3.06 ± 3.29 μg/min was noted before treatment. The abnormal albumin excretion with ensuing fall in blood pressure was rapidly and almost completely reversible in all but one patient during conventional treatment and the increased β2-microglobulin excretion was totally reversible in all but one patient. Both albumin and β2-microglobulin excretion rate were positively correlated to arterial pressures in all patients. Thus glomerular and to some extent tubular protein handling were both affected in untreated patients, but rapidly reversible during initial antihypertensive treatment. The data indicate that the β2-microglobulin hyperexcretion is secondary to enhanced filtration of plasma protein saturating the tubular reabsorption capacity, while the hyperexcretion of albumin is mainly due to the increased filtration pressure per se, though other factors may be partly responsible.


This action research study utilizes a critical literacy framework to bring issues of privilege and power into critical dialogue with elementary students. The study is based on the idea that disadvantaged groups can eventually agitate for societal change if they are prompted to begin to critically question systemic inequalities from a young age. Thus, instead of allowing dominant culture to dictate unfair norms and practices by simply abiding to the status quo, this study suggests that elementary teachers should aim to be the vehicle for transformational change by implementing pedagogy that encourages students to think deeply and critically. Over time, the hope is that students will become active civic agents who question issues of power and privilege and become proponents of change. The results in this study support the premise that a critical literacy can prompt low-income and working-class students to become more aware of the implications of unequal access to power and privilege. In addition, critical literacy practice can enable students to be more aware of the power of their own voice, words, and actions.


ONE of the principal problems after prostatectomy is the maintenance of a sufficient flow of fluid over the prostatic bed to reduce or prevent clot formation and to wash out small clots from the bladder. Until recently, two methods have been available to overcome this problem. First, intermittent bladder wash-outs through a single-lumen urethral catheter and, secondly, continuous bladder irrigation by means of a suprapubic or Foley-Owen catheter (or a combination of both methods). A third method was advanced by McKelvie in 1962, namely, the production of postoperative diuresis sufficient to obviate the use of the above mechanical methods. Of course, any attempt to achieve postoperative diuresis by water-loading, i.e., the administration of water by mouth or isotonic solutions intravenously, is doomed to failure, the result being water-intoxication, but no increase in urine output (Green and Prentice, 1924; Le Quesne and Lewis, 1953; Winn and Robb, 1954). After operation a reduction in urine output occurs, due to an increased secretion of antidiuretic hormone, but this antidiuresis can be overcome by the use of an osmotic diuretic (Hayes and Coller, 1952; Dudley, Boling, Le Quesne, and Moore, 1954; Schlegel, EldrupJorgensen, and Stone, 1957). The properties of urea and mannitol as osmotic diuretics have been studied both clinically and experimentally by a number of workers (Crawford and and McIntosh, 1925; Seldin and Tarail, 1949; McDowell, Wolf, and Steer, 1955; Barry and Malloy, 1962; Rabelo, Litwin, Brady, and Moore, 1962; Seitzman, Masse, Schwartz, and Barry, 1963 ; Buckell, 1964; McQueen and Jeanes, 1964). Both substances have been found to be effective diuretics with few complications in clinical use, but mannitol, although more powerful and rapid in action, is prone to produce both water and electrolyte imbalance unless its administration is carefully controlled. However, because of its rapid action and known usefulness in the prophylaxis and treatment of acute renal failure, mannitol may have a place in the initiation of diuresis at the time of operation. To our knowledge, the use of an osmotic diuretic in prostatic surgery has been fully reported only by McKelvie in 1962, who obtained excellent results using intravenous urea. However, he made no comparison with other methods, and this study has been undertaken to test his method and make comparisons.


PurposeThe article aimed to identify and analyze the income differences across the income distribution between homosexuals and heterosexuals by occupational groups in Brazil.Design/methodology/approachPNAD-C microdata was used in two periods (2013–2015 and 2016 to 2019), highlighting the different economic, social and political contexts in Brazil. Recentered influence function and quantile income decomposition were estimated to verify the difference and income discrimination according to the guideline the worker's sexuality.FindingsFor some cases homosexual workers earn more and in others, homosexuals earn less than heterosexuals. The differences in remuneration according to sexual orientation were smaller in positions that demand low qualification and competence. The quantile income decomposition between 2013 and 2015 revealed the positive effect of discrimination was the generator of income disparities between homosexuals and heterosexuals, with greater impact for the 10th and 90th quantiles and on groups that require small levels of complexity and education. Between 2016 and 2019, there was the presence of both effects, but the explained effect was the promoter of wage disparities in most occupational groups.Research limitations/implicationsGiven the dataset, it was only possible to work with proxies of homosexual couples.Originality/valueThere has been little research linking the themes of discrimination based on sexual orientation and occupational groups, and so far, it does not exist similar in Latin America. This study found that sexual orientation influences remuneration according to the occupational group that the worker belongs to, affecting income and, consequently, occupational choice. This connection of issues will contribute to new insights into discrimination based on sexual orientation, as well as more effective public policies aimed at reducing discrimination against homosexuals.


Abstract:Gabriele Petricek was the invited guest author at the 2015 Women in German Conference. She is an Austrian writer who has published Zimmerfluchten (2005), Von den Himmeln, Triptychon (2009), and Joyce's Choice oder: Ein Hund kam in die Küche (2011) as well as more than thirty short stories and poems for which she has received numerous prices and awards. Presently, she is working on her fourth book project, a collection of seven novellas. Her texts are known for the skillfully crafted language into sound and color, form and measure, and the many delicate details that can gauge the mood of a situation. The motif of the wanderer as traveler, pilgrim, or flaneur is central to her narratives. Her protagonists exhibit Petricek's feminist consciousness of self-respect, self-determinacy, and self-reliance, which has less to do with gender issues and more with her inclusive, democratic worldview and her perspectival approach to identity and alterity.


Due Diligence is a key part of overseas mining mergers and acquisition process and the basis of a scientific investment decision-making.Due diligence should be performed professionally,comprehensively by inner experts from the buyer and outer specialist from the consultants.Database study should is the most important part in the process,and management report and site visit should be done in distinguished ways to improve the effect of the due diligence.


To provide a pressure relief device and a manufacturing method thereof. The pressure relief device includes an overpressure releasing region in which a plurality of recesses spaced collinear are arranged. Gap portion, to define an opening line having the desired performance characteristics during the opening of the excess pressure release region, interspersed between wells. .FIELD 1


Given an n-vertex graph G with maximum degree Δ, the mixed graph is constructed from G by orienting some of its edges, where G is called the underlying graph of . Let be the H-rank of and let be the independence number of G. In this paper, we firstly determine the maximum nullity of n-vertex mixed graphs with maximum degree Δ. The corresponding extremal graphs are identified. We secondly establish upper and lower bounds on , respectively. Finally, we characterize the relationship between the Hermitian energy and the H-rank of a mixed graph.


In this paper theoretical aspects of multidimensional linear distinguishing attacks are investigated. Using known examples of highly nonlinear Boolean functions we demonstrate how multidimensional linear approximations offer significant reduction in data complexity in distinguishing attacks. We also get concrete examples where one-dimensional linear approximations are never statistically independent.


This paper proposes a novel deployment for multi-cell cooperative cellular networks based on the two-dimensional (2D) nested co-array, and analyzes its sum-rate capacity and spectrum efficiency. The system model is based on the traditional hexagonal cellular array, in which each hexagon represents a marcocell. We take advantage of the invariance in the difference co-array so that the 2D nested array is able to calculate all elements in the covariance matrix of channel fading coefficients. Based on this premise, we demonstrate that the derivation procedure of average sum-rate capacity for the cooperative cellular networks is still valid for the nested distributed base stations (BSs) in the non-fading and Rayleigh fading channels. In numeric simulations, the derived formulas are consistent with the results from previous references. More importantly, given the same number of BSs, the proposed distribution significantly increases the sum-rate capacity of the system.


ABSTRACT Scientific research is part of the tripod that sustains the university, through it
discoveries, their results magnify the research centers,
as well as, all gain from the work of the researchers. However, many
students are unaware of the world of research and the tools necessary to
ing and continuity in this environment. Thinking about this theme is that the project
student researcher who intended through the following modules: Curriculum Lattes;
Research project; Citation and Reference; Scientific article; Statistic;
Oratory / Presentation of Works in Scientific Events, train university students
of UFMA and other IES of Sao Luis-MA for the research challenges. The gift
report presents the results of Researcher Researcher Project at UFMA
and other HEIs in Sao Luis-MA, and show that the area of social sciences was more
sought by a total of 11 courses, followed by health sciences with 9 courses,
of the humanities with 8 courses and, lastly, the exact sciences for 4 courses, but
the most representative number of students was in the area of human sciences with 102
students with less representation in the exact sciences with 45 students. Concludes
that the need for projects that lead students to research should be
continuity, since in HEIs this demand is repeated with each entry of new
students.


The combination of evolving deregulation of the US and EU energy markets together with recent advances in data analytics and so called 'Big Data' technologies now offers an unprecedented opportunity for optimal real-time energy pricing for buyers and sellers alike. The main challenge to date for optimal pricing has been optimal real-time bidding and variety of traditional data analysis tools have been applied to this challenge. Yet inefficiencies remain due to the volatile nature of the real-time market. Energy data science is the best solution to protect consumers against the electricity market's inefficiencies. This field is the meeting point between computer programming, machine learning, big data, quantitative analysis and economics. Energy data science is used to help the consumer predict what price they should offer to buy at each hour and closes gaps in the electric markets.


The default response of the intestinal immune system to most antigens is the induction of immunological tolerance, which is difficult to reconcile with the constant exposure to ligands for TLR and other pattern recognition receptors. We showed previously that dendritic cells (DC) from the lamina propria of normal mouse intestine may be inherently tolerogenic and here we have explored how this might relate to the expression and function of Toll‐like receptors (TLR). Lamina propria (LP) DC showed higher levels of TLR 2, 3, 4 and 9 protein expression than spleen and MLN DC, with most TLR‐expressing DC in the gut being CD11clo, class II MHClo, CD103–, CD11b– and F4/80–. TLR expression by lamina propria DC was low in the upper small intestine and higher in distal small intestine and colon. Freshly isolated lamina propria DC expressed some CD40, CD80, CD86 and functional CCR7. These were up‐regulated on CD11clo, but not on CD11chi LP DC by stimulation via TLR. However, there was little induction of IL‐12 by either subset in response to TLR ligation. This was associated with constitutive IL‐10 production and was reversed by blocking IL‐10 function. Thus, IL‐10 may maintain LP DC in a partially unresponsive state to TLR ligation, allowing them to have a critical role in immune homeostasis in the gut.


The information carriers in the process of Wushu internationalization communications include International Wushu Federation,Chinese Wushu Association,folk Wushu teachers and "opinion leaders".Different information carriers play different roles in the Wushu communications.The International Wushu Federation should attempt to push forward the development of Wushu in the member countries.The development of Wushu in China should be promoted to be the national treasure.The folk Wushu teachers should be liscenced.The opinion leaders of Wushu are to be cultivated in the Wushu international communications.


Evogliptin (DA‐1229), a novel dipeptidyl peptidase (DPP)‐4 inhibitor with high potency and selectivity, was approved in Korea for the treatment of type 2 diabetes. Preclinical studies suggest that it is metabolized by cytochrome (CYP) P450 isozymes. Based on these findings, a clinical study was designed to investigate the pharmacokinetic (PK) interaction of evogliptin with a CYP inhibitor, clarithromycin.


A steady-state, analytical model of energetic particle acceleration in radio-jet shear flows due to cosmic-ray viscosity is explored, including particle scattering both into and out of the shear flow acceleration region. This involves solving a mixed Dirichlet–Von Neumann boundary value problem at the edge of the jet. The spectrum of the accelerated particles is harder than the free-escape case from the edge of the jet. The flow velocity u = u(r) ez is along the axis of jet (the z-axis). u is independent of distance z along the jet axis, and u(r) is a monotonically decreasing function of cylindrical radius r from the jet axis. The scattering time where p is the particle momentum in the fluid frame in the shear flow region 0 < r < r2, and outside the jet (r > r2). Green's functions are obtained for monoenergetic injection of particles with momentum p = p0 at radius r = r1 (0 < r1 < r2). The Green's function and Green's formula are used to determine solutions for a general spectrum of particles at . Solutions are obtained corresponding to a monoenergetic spectrum at infinity. We discuss the implications of these results for the acceleration of ultra-high-energy cosmic-rays in active galactic nucleus jet sources. Leaky box models of particle acceleration in shear flows, including synchrotron losses and particle escape, are used to describe the momentum spectrum of accelerated particles. The use of the relativistic telegrapher transport equation model is discussed.


The influence of Co(II), Co(II)+Mn(II), Co(II)+Ni(II) co-doping on the structure and crystalline perfection of tris(thiourea)zinc(II) sulphate single crystals grown from an aqueous solution at room temperature by slow evaporation solution growth technique has been investigated. The incorporation of foreign metal into the crystalline lattice was well confirmed by chemical formula determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis. The intensity variations observed in powder X-ray diffraction patterns and slight shifts in vibrational frequencies in Fourier transform IR indicate the lattice stress. Thermal studies reveal the purity of the material and no decomposition is observed up to the melting point. High-resolution X-ray diffraction studies reveal that Co(II)-doped specimen has no clustering of defects while the Co(II)+Mn(II), Co(II)+Ni(II) co-doped crystals show the presence of structural grain boundaries as a result of crystal stress and strain. The as-grown crystals are further characterized by Kurtz powder technique and dielectric studies. Good transparency in the visible region is observed for all the specimens. Interestingly, in co-doping the host crystal selectively accommodates only one foreign metal ion as revealed by single-crystal XRD analysis.


A 43-year-old man presented with a month's history of progressive dyspnea, orthopnea, and abdominal distension several months after having been diagnosed with relapsed acute monocytic leukemia after allogeneic bone marrow transplantation. His heart rate was 110 bpm, and blood pressure was 120/50 mm Hg with peripheral edema. Heart sounds were normal. Chest x-ray showed a small right pleural effusion with clear lung fields and normal cardiac size. His renal function deteriorated rapidly, with a rise of creatinine from 2.8 to 4.3 mg/dL within 1 day after admission. Echocardiogram revealed an ejection fraction of 55% to 60%, …


External-publicity translation differs greatly from the traditional word-for-word translation of Chinese news.This article is to show that the former stresses,for its success,firstly on the communication effect,secondly on its clarity of communication effect directly subjected to the quality of English translation of Chinese news in the cross-cultural communication.Based on a great many ready-made examples frequently appeared on the newspapers and journals,the paper illustrates the view that interpretative translation plays an inevitable role in external-publicity translation and there are three basic categories in it.In addition,more importance should be given to the degree which you are supposed to grasp in using background explanation.


【In recent years, silicon carbide has emerged as an important material for MEMS application. In order to fabricate an SiC film based MEMS structure by using chemical etching method, high operating temperature is required due to high chemical stability Therefore, dry etching using plasma is the best solution. SiC film was deposited by thermal CVD at the temperature of 100 $0^{\circ}C$ and pressure of 10 torr. SiC was dry etched with a reactive ion etching (RIE) system, using SF $_{6}$ /O $_2$ and CF $_4$ /O $_2$ gas mixture. Etch rate has been investigated as a function of oxygen concentration in the gas mixture, rf power, working pressure and gas flow rate. Etch rate was measured by surface profiler and FE-SEM. SF $_{6}$ /O $_2$ gas mixture showed higher etch rate than CF $_4$ /O $_2$ gas mixture. Maximum etch rate appeared at RF Power of 450W. $O_2$ dilute mixtures resulted in an increasing of etch rate up to 40%, and the superior anisotropic cross section was observeerve】


Nonlinear effects in ground motion during large earthquakes have long been a controversial issue between seismologists and geotechnical engineers. Laboratory tests made by using resonant columns consistently show the reduction in shear modulus (G) and increase in damping ratio (D) with increasing shear strain (γ), i.e., G = G(γ), respectively, D = D(γ), therefore nonlinear viscoelastic constitutive laws are required.Aki (1) wrote: "Nonlinear amplification at sediments sites appears to be more pervasive than seismologists used to think…Any attempt at seismic zonation must take into account the local site condition and this nonlinear amplification". In other words, the seismological detection of the nonlinear site effects requires a simultaneous understanding of the effects of earthquake source, propagation path and local geological site conditions. The difficulty for seismologists in demonstrating the nonlinear site effects has been due to the effect being overshadowed by the overall patterns of shock generation and propagation. The authors, in order to make evidence of nonlinear effects, introduced the spectral amplification factor (SAF) as ratio between maximum spectral absolute acceleration (Sa), relative velocity (Sv), relative displacement (Sd) and peak values of acceleration (amax), velocity (vmax) and displacement (dmax), respectively, from processed strong motion record. The evidence for nonlinearity at least for thick Romanian Plain Quaternary sediments is a systematic decrease in the variability of peak ground acceleration with the increasing earthquake magnitude.


This thesis studies a new technique for achieving co-ordination and consistency in distributed computer control systems making use of a global physical time reference (real-time) in the form of a set of physical clocks synchronized to within a known tolerance of one another. The systems considered consist of a number of processing elements which communicate with one another by exchanging messages via a high-speed local area communication system. The system processors are assumed to be nearly autonomous and are not tightly synchronized. The main design goals reliability and maintainability.
An interprocess synchronization model requiring a commitment by each process sending a message not to alter its state until a specified future point in time forms the kernel of the proposed co-ordination technique. This is extended into a simple interaction mechanism and a contingent interaction mechanism providing for the programming of a wide class of application protocols. The maximum lifetime of a message should be equated to the commit-time specified by the sender of the message.
In distributed computer control systems, a fundamental problem related to interprocess synchronization is that of establishing a valid and consistent real-time representation of the state of the plant. This problem is analysed in detail within the framework of the interprocess synchronization model and a definition of consistency in this context is proposed. A distributed real-time algorithm for providing global consistency and a second algorithm for providing local consistency are developed. They have the advantage of automatically handling the case where redundant sources of messages carrying state values are present in the system.
An initial discussion of a distributed computer system architecture and the relevant design principles provides the framework for the theoretical development in the thesis. The underlying assumption of a set of synchronized physical clocks is examined and implementation of such a time reference is shown to be technically feasible.
The role of real-time in distributed computer control systems emerges as fundamental and pervasive. Real-time is an active element in the solution of problems in such systems and not merely as a performance constraint.


The work in this thesis is directed towards the development of a model for gravity flow prediction that can assist in the design of a drawpoint layout and draw schedule that maximizes recovery of ore from block and panel caving mines. Experience suggests that maximum recovery and minimum dilution are achieved most easily if one is able to achieve relatively uniform downward movement of all fragmented rock over the area under draw. A critical review of existing experimental and simulation data demonstrated that this is encouraged through overlap of the movement zones (IMZs) associated with each individual drawpoint and that the far-field shape, eccentricity and internal velocity profile of an IMZ are functions of the mean fragment size and friction angle of the caved rock. A series of DEM and continuum modelling studies were used to isolate shear banding as the mechanism controlling these behaviours. Incremental equations were developed to embody these mechanisms at the scale of a disk-shaped volume, representing a horizontal slice through an IMZ, and embedded within a cave-scale simulator (REBOP). It is shown that the resulting model provides predictions of far-field material movements (including free surface rilling) and extraction zone shapes that are consistent with observations from scaled physical models. It is also shown that the model is capable of providing reasonable predictions of drawpoint grade-tonnage trends when applied at the mine scale. This thesis also aimed to isolate the mechanisms controlling flow under interactive draw conditions, in which stress-driven yielding and flow of stagnant material between IMZs can result in uniform drawdown prior to overlap. A series of DEM and continuum modelling studies demonstrate that the stress distribution around a single IMZ is characterized by a plastic zone whose thickness is a function of IMZ radius, caved rock friction angle and overburden height. It was also demonstrated that when a group of IMZs are spaced such that their plastic zones overlap, vertical stresses above the yield limit of the rock in the overlapping region are capable of arching into surrounding stagnant material, thereby inhibiting interactive draw mechanisms. These findings suggest that the relation between stress and strength in the stagnant zone exerts more fundamental control over interactive draw than the ratio between IMZ diameter and drawpoint spacing, as has been suggested previously by other researchers. Logic was developed for the prediction of stresses and yielding inside the volume under draw that accounts for arching effects and can be used to infer where interactive draw conditions may exist. Comparison with the results of numerical and physical experiments suggests that the predictions are reasonable but would benefit from further testing and validation. A series of drawpoint-scale simulations were conducted using DEM to explore the mechanisms controlling fines migration in a caving environment. It was demonstrated that fines migration can occur inside the IMZ and that it is induced by the shearing that accompanies movement toward the drawpoint. It was also found that lateral movement of finer particles is restricted during percolation and that this can lead to stagnation and accumulation of fines near the base of an IMZ. A series of shear box tests were simulated via DEM to quantify percolation rates for caved rock materials. When embedded within REBOP, these were shown to reproduce the percolation rates observed in scaled physical models of draw. Secondary fragmentation within caving is commonly attributed to a combination of splitting (bulk fracture or crushing) and rounding (abrasion). A critical review of available data suggested that splitting occurs via compression in stagnant zones and via shearing inside the IMZ at high stress:strength ratios. Rounding is most likely to occur via shearing inside the IMZs at low stress:strength ratios. The factors controlling these mechanisms were isolated, including shear strain, stress, fragment shape, size distribution, intact strength and initial porosity. An existing empirical model for shearing-induced fragmentation of manufactured materials was adapted for embedment within REBOP and tested via comparison with changes in drawpoint fragmentation observed at an operating mine. The comparison suggests that the logic may overpredict the degree of secondary fragmentation due to the assumption of an initially uniform fragment size in the empirical model. New DEM techniques were developed for the study of secondary fragmentation and were shown to offer promise as a means to extend and improve existing empirical models for both shearing and compression-induced fragmentation. Ore grades and fragmentation measured in drawpoints of the 7700 Level panel cave at Henderson Mine were used to test the newly developed model on a full-scale problem. Good matches were obtained between predicted and measured drawpoint grades where accurate measures of initial fragment size were available. In other areas, poor matches between measured and expected grades could be accounted for in the new model via differences in fragmentation and by the tendency for materials to rill long distances horizontally beneath uncaved ground. Fines migration and secondary fragmentation mechanisms were predicted to have a measurable, but secondary influence on recovery and dilution.


The study aims to investigate the effects of Isot pepper on the capillary blood oxygen saturation and some respiratory, circulatory and metabolic parameters of the smoking and non-smoker workers, who work in the production, drying, processing and packaging stages of domestic Isot pepper. The research was carried out in 90 individuals aged between 20-45 years old, and divided into three group: 30 of them had not been exposed to any substance and belonged to control group, 30 of them were workers working in the production process of Isot pepper and they had only been exposed to Isot powder, and 30 of them were smoking workers, who had also been exposed to Isot pepper powder. Circulatory parameters such as body temperature, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, pulse, respiratory parameters such as FVC, FEV1, FVC/FEV1% and VC, and body composition parameters such as body fat, body water ratio, muscle mass and bone mass and capillary oxygen saturation were measured. As a result of our study, Isot pepper was found to have adverse effects on the respiratory functions of workers working in the production process.


Concentration of 17 volatile components in canned, frozen, and fresh green bean pods was determined by gas-liquid chromatography. Only l-octen-3-ol differed quantitatively with cultivar. Almost all volatile components detected in frozen pods were greatly reduced or lost as compared to those in fresh pods. In canned pods most of the "higher boiling" compounds were found to decrease while some "lower boiling" compounds increased considerably, l-octen-3-ol, a significant component of bean flavor, increased with time after thawing of the frozen samples, while very little change was observed in the concentration of other compounds. In fresh green beans the concentration of l-octen-3-ol was highest early in pod growth and decreased rapidly through the 21st day after anthesis and attainment of maximum marketable pod size.


Periodical arrays of long, parallel cylinders have been shown in the published literature to exhibit acoustical properties which are analogous to the electronic properties of certain crystalline solids. Thus there are frequency bands for which no acoustic propagation through the array is allowed, with those band gaps being directionally dependent. The properties of such arrays in wave guides are examined in this work. Particular emphasis is put in investigating the properties of those arrays in wave guides that are idealized models of shallow water oceanic wave guides. The effects of those arrays on the propagation of normal modes is investigated in detail. The possibility of using such arrays in the construction of large scale underwater devices such as filters and lenses is also discussed. [Work supported by ONR.]


Efficacy of protection of potato plants and tubers protection depending on dose rate of insecto-fungicide potato seed treatment Prestige from Bayer CropScience is evaluated. It was concluded that on the fields with relatively high wireworm (Elateridae) population density (more than 4-5 individuals per sq. m) it is recommended to apply Prestige seed treatment at the dose rate of 1 l/t.


Designing a system to simulate multidimensional movement of complex spatial mechanisms under microgravity condition is the focus of experimental research on ground simulation of manipulator in microgravity environment. A "multidimensional intelligent air-bearing" is designed, which consist of a vertical lifting system, a PID controller, a servo motor and an air-bearing. It breaks the limitation that traditional air-bearing can only realize zero-gravity simulation of the planar movement and realizes microgravity simulation of vertical lifting movement. Experiments are carried out, and results show that during the multidimensional movement of spatial mechanisms, the designed system can provide a support to counteract the gravity real timely and realize the simulation of spatial microgravity environment accurately.


McElroy (1952) reported a positive relation of dream recall and neuroticism (N) ; however, negative results were obtained by Tart ( 1962). Singer and Schonbar (1961) found extraversion ( E ) directly related to recall of dreams, though Tart ( 1962) was unsuccessful. None of these studies, however, utilized Eysenck's measures of E and N. Eysenck's (1959) Maudsley Personality Inventory was administered to 59 male and 39 female introductory psychology students. Three weeks later Ss estimated their recall of dreams on a 7-point scale. Product-moment correlations were computed. Results indicate the relation of E and dream recall was nonsignificant (.r = .147), though N correlated more highly ( r = .240, p < .05) . Separate correlations by sex yielded marked sex differences. The value for E-dream recall of .013 was nonsignificant for males but significant for females ( r = .334, p < .05) . r for N-dream recall was nonsignificant for females ( r = -.006) but significant for males ( r = 391, p < .Ol ) . Despite differences in assessing dream recall it is suggested that Singer and Schonbar's (1961) significant r for E-dream recall was due to their having tested women, and Tart's (1962) nonsignificant r to his having tested males. Possibly Tart's (1962) small though positive r for males is related to his measure of N. The sex distribution of McElroy's (1952) sample is unknown. Clearly, future research correlating personality measures with recall of dreams should permir analysis of sex differences.


The spatial characteristics of land cover are useful for understanding the various impacts of human activity on the overall ecological conditions of the urban environment. The multi-temporal Landsat images (TM) between the years of 1990 and 2003 were used together with the Geographic Information System (GIS) techniques to evaluate the environmental changes in the area around Gabal El Hamza and the surrounding urban expansion in the new urban cities at the northeast side of the Greater Cairo by using the post classification change detection technique and field investigation. Five major units were determined including: urban, cultivated land, Holocene sand dunes, Oligocene basalt and Miocene–Pleistocene sediments. The cultivated cover changed from 89.6 to 150.4 km2 for the years of 1990 and 2003 respectively. The urban area increased from 49.5 to 120.9 km2 with a great value of change reached 71.3 km2 . The basaltic exposures changed from 3 to 3.75 km2 . The sandy cover decreased from 68.9 to 60.1 km2 and the exposures of the rock units changed from 904.8 to 780.8 km2 with removing 124 km2 in 13 years. The total accuracy of the Landsat-derived land cover data was 95 and 92% for the years 1990 and 2003 respectively. Landsat TM thermal infrared data indicated that the surface temperature was strongly affected by the land cover changes.


Hybrid electronic modules are always preferred over discrete versions due to smaller size, less weight, better performance and high reliability for Space applications. DC-DC Converter modules realized using Thick Film Technology are universally known as Hybrid converters being hybridized in order to realize miniaturized power supplies allowing ultimate power density & superior electrical & thermal performance. DC-DC Converters have multiple DC outputs for an intended input voltage range for Power distribution systems. This article details the newly developed Innovative Thick Film Process technology involving fabrication of special subassemblies & their attachment techniques for the realization of the miniature 15W DC-DC converter Hybrids. In addition to this, process qualification details for high reliability requirements for Space applications are presented. The major challenges faced during the development of 15W HMC DC-DC Converter, Thermal analysis for critical components, unique layout design in view of the best feasible production approach for miniaturization, overall Electrical Performance and EMI/EMC compatibility for Space applications are detailed in the article.


This paper discusses the fundamental assumptions of the Humean political thought. It analyzes how, according to the Scottish philosopher, we reason in terms of justices and why it is necessary to create institutions that strategically coordinate the interests of a community. Finally, it studies the Humean critic against the contractualism of his times.


We report the observation of Raman scattering from a vibration mode with frequency of 320 cm−1 and its higher‐order harmonics in silicate glasses doped with selenide semiconductor nanocrystals such as CdSe and ZnSe. Comparison with Raman spectra of glasses and alkali halides doped with Se suggests that these modes are caused by the presence of selenium molecules in the glasses. When excited in the blue and green by an Ar+ laser, glasses containing Se only are found to emit strong near‐infrared luminescence whose peak and line shape are very similar to the so‐called ''deep emission'' observed frequently from selenide‐doped glasses. Possible effects of Se molecules on the linear and nonlinear optical properties of glasses containing selenide nanocrystals are discussed.


Abstack  Decision making is the most important thing in managing a company. Errors in decision making can result in losses, which in turn the company will suffer losses. Loss prevention is to conduct an analysis of financial statements in accordance with accounting principles. By analyzing the financial statements, management is expected to be able to assess the company's financial condition, so that it is easy to understand, so that the financial decisions made can be in accordance with the company's financial weaknesses and strengths. In microeconomics, one of the goals of a company is maximizing corporate profits. The use of Zahir Accounting Program version 5.1 can help the management of the Salsabila Mart Bekasi trading company in analyzing financial statements as a benchmark for decision making. The liquidity analysis obtained from the Zahir Accounting application calculation shows that Salsabila Mart Bekasi in June 2019 was able to settle short-term debt from current assets owned by the company. From all aspects of calculated liquidity, this shows that Salsabila Mart Bekasi is a highly liquid company, with an average liquidity yield Current Ratio: 36,639.41%; Qucik Ratio: 23,351.44% and Cash Ratio: 22,551.44%. Current assets are still far more than current liabilities that must be fulfilled during June. In this research the Zahir Accounting Version 5.1 application can help the company's internal and external parties obtain financial reports and analysis of financial statements as information used in making managerial decisions. Keywords: Liquidity Analysis, Financial Statements, Zahir Accounting


MALAKIAN, PEDRAM. The Impact of Generational Experiences on Anti-immigration Sentiments, Department of Economics. June, 2019. ADVISOR: Lewis Davis Immigration is one of the most important issues in our increasingly globalized world. Every year, millions of people relocate to Europe and United States in an effort to improve the quality of life for themselves and their family. With this increase in immigration, there has been an emergence of anti-immigration sentiments which have in turn allowed far right political parties to gain more power, evident in the British referendum to leave the European Union and Donald Trump's election as President of the United States. While most works of literature look at the current work status, education level and income of an individual in explaining how anti-immigration sentiments occur, I want to look in more detail at the generational factors that cause individuals to think this way. Within The Moral Consequences of Economic Growth, Benjamin Friedman offers a theory that people constitute their happiness on comparing it to "benchmark of their own prior experiences or their parents". Thus when they believe that their own lives are better, they feel less need to get ahead and they develop a more open view towards immigrants. Building off of Friedman's argument, I ran regressions using GSS data together with several control variable, to see if Friedman's argument that anti-immigration sentiments rise as a product of generational experiences rather than based on current socio-economic status, explains the rise that we have seen in anti-immigration sentiments. Our results supported some of Friedman's theory that