Grant Agreement (Kirehe Community-based Watershed Management Project) between the Republic of Rwanda and the International Fund for Agricultural Development (with annexes and General Conditions for Agricultural Development Financing dated 2 December 1998). Rome, 4 November 2008


Objective: to analyze the scientific evidences about educational interventions related to the prevention of cervical cancer. Method: an integrative review, with a view to answering the question << What is the evidence on educational interventions for the prevention of cervical cancer? >> For this, MEDLINE, CINAHL, LILACS, BDENF and the virtual library ScIELO of studies between 2007 to 2012 data were consulted. After the selection of the studies, we proceeded with the reading in full and then the data were extracted and organized for analysis. The final sample consisted of eighteen items. Results: there were highlighted the scarcity of Brazilian studies and the participation of nurses in the context of the authors. The predominant educational interventions were: educational media, discussion group and educational material. There were noted that the use of educational media, the combination of these interventions and the achievement in places with the highest concentration of women can be considered effective in the prevention strategy. Conclusion: the articles analyzed allowed providing effective educational interventions in promoting women's health, with emphasis on prevention of cervical cancer. Descriptors: Cervical Cancer; Health Education; Nursing. RESUMO Objetivo: analisar as evidências científicas acerca das intervenções educativas relacionadas à prevenção do câncer de colo do útero. Método: revisão integrativa, com vistas a responder à questão << Quais as evidências sobre as intervenções educativas realizadas para prevenção do câncer de colo do útero? >> Para isso, foram consultadas as bases de dados MEDLINE, CINAHL, LILACS, BDENF e a biblioteca virtual ScIELO, de estudos entre 2007 a 2012. Após a seleção dos estudos, procedeu-se com a leitura na íntegra e, em seguida, os dados foram extraídos e organizados para a análise. A amostra final foi composta por dezoito artigos. Resultados: destacaram-se a escassez de estudos brasileiros e a participação de enfermeiros no quadro de autores. As intervenções educativas predominantes foram: mídias educativas, grupo de discussão e material educativo. Percebeu-se que o uso da mídia educativa, a combinação de intervenções e a realização dessas em lugares de maior concentração de mulheres podem ser consideradas eficazes na estratégia de prevenção. Conclusão: os artigos analisados permitiram apresentar intervenções educativas eficazes na promoção da saúde da mulher, com ênfase na prevenção do câncer de colo do útero. Descritores: Câncer de Colo do Útero; Educação em Saúde; Enfermagem. RESUMEN Objetivo: Analizar la evidencia científica sobre las intervenciones educativas relacionadas con la prevención del cáncer cervical. Método: revisión integradora, con el fin de responder a la pregunta << ¿Cuál es la evidencia sobre intervenciones educativas para la prevención del cáncer de cuello uterino? >> Para eso se consultó MEDLINE, CINAHL, LILACS y BDENF y la biblioteca virtual ScIELO, de los estudios entre los años 2007 a 2012. Después de la selección de los estudios, se procedió a la lectura en su totalidad y luego los datos se extrajeron y se organizaran para su análisis. La muestra final estuvo compuesta por dieciocho artículos. Resultados: destacaron la escasez de los estudios brasileños y la participación de las enfermeras en el contexto de los autores. Las intervenciones educativas predominantes fueron: medios educativos, grupo de discusión y material didáctico. Se dio cuenta de que el uso de los medios educativos, la combinación de estas intervenciones y el logro de los lugares con mayor concentración de mujeres se puede considerar eficaz en la estrategia de prevención. Conclusión: los artículos analizados han permitido realizar intervenciones educativas eficaces en la promoción de la salud de las mujeres, con énfasis en la prevención del cáncer cervical. Descriptores: Cáncer de Cuello Uterino; Educación para la Salud; Enfermería. Nurse, Master Student, Postgraduate Diploma in Nursing, Federal University of Ceará/PPGENF/UFC. Fortaleza (CE), Brazil. Email: email@example.com; Nurse, PhD in Nursing, Postgraduate in Nursing, Federal University of Ceará/PPGENF/UFC. Fortaleza (CE), Brazil. Email: email@example.com; Nursing Student, Federal University of Ceará/UFC. Fortaleza (CE), Brazil. Email: email@example.com; Nursing Student, Federal University of Ceará/UFC. Fortaleza (CE), Brazil. Email: firstname.lastname@example.com; Nurse, PhD in Nursing, Postgraduate in Nursing, Federal University of Ceará/ PPGENF/UFC. Fortaleza (CE), Brazil. Email: email@example.com; Nurse, PhD, Coordinator of the Postgraduate Program in Nursing, Federal University of Ceará/PPGENF/UFC. Fortaleza (CE), Brazil. Email: email@example.com INTEGRATIVE REVIEW ARTICLE Paula PF de, Anjos SJSB dos, Lucena SV et al. Educational interventions in the prevention... English/Portuguese J Nurs UFPE on line., Recife, 7(spe):7133-40, Dec., 2013 7134 DOI: 10.5205/reuol.4767-42136-1-ED.0712esp201322 ISSN: 1981-8963 Cancer of the cervix (CCU) has become an obvious problem of global public health, characterized as the second most frequent type among women, behind the statistics for breast cancer. In Brazil, in 2012, there were expected 17.540 new cases of cervical cancer, with an estimated risk of 17 cases per 100 thousand women. 1 The CCU is developed from slow intraepithelial changes which in phase between the precursor and its development can completely take approximately 10 to 20 years. This slowness in the course of the disease confirms that among all types of cancer, cervical cancer has one of the highest potential of prevention and cure, reaching 99% of cases when it is detected in early stages. It is essential to guide the population about the pap smear, considering that its periodic holding reduces mortality from cervical cancer in the population at risk. Thus, we emphasize the importance of health education as a means of educating the public and achieve efficient outcomes in control UCC. Shares of health education are characterized as essential to therapeutic projects, providing autonomy to act as subjects, providing them with information, skills and tools that make them suitable for choices of behaviors, attitudes and interpersonal relationships producers of health. Health professionals should know the reality of the population so that they can provide guidance and conduct educational activities, seeking always suit the type of information conveyed, the language and the resources used by the level of knowledge of the population in order to achieve greater effectiveness of such activities. The playing field of nursing in preventing CCU became notorious, given the increasingly urgent need for interventions in this area in order to minimize mortality from this disease. In primary care, the nursing professional has been responsible for much of Pap tests, however, it has been found that a distancing professional educational interventions at the expense of the consultations. Studies were performed with the goal of developing educational interventions for the prevention of cervical cancer, and thus demonstrate the most effective types of interventions to increase knowledge and adherence of women across the Pap smear, which is paramount to survey these studies. In order to promote the improvement of nursing care to women's health in the fight against cervical cancer, the realization of this study aims to examine the evidence available in the literature on effective educational interventions related to the prevention of cervical cancer. Therefore, this study will be relevant as it seeks to encourage the use of research results by the professional nursing practice. An integrative literature review, which aims to gather and synthesize research findings on a particular topic, providing a deeper understanding of the topic investigated. For realization of this review, were covered by the recommended literature steps: defining the topic and formulating the research question; establishment of criteria for the selection of publications; definition of the information to be extracted from selected studies and classify these patients, assessment of studies included in review, interpretation of results and, finally, release of synthesized and evaluated knowledge. To develop this study, it was formulated the following question << What is the evidence on educational interventions for the prevention of cervical cancer? >> The databases consulted were: Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online (Medline), Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), Literature Latin American and Caribbean Health Sciences (LILACS), Database Nursing (BDENF) and the virtual library Scientific Electronic Library online (SciELO). The literature survey was conducted between MayJune 2012. For the selection of the sample was defined as inclusion criteria: articles in Portuguese, English or Spanish with abstracts available in the above data bases and virtual library, be full research article and be available electronically; contain information that addressed the core question and answer the research objective and be an article published in the last five years between 2007 and 2012. "Cervical cancer" and "health education": the descriptors were used. Exclusion criteria were defined: non-adherence to the proposed theme, not production for the last five years or be repeated articles in different databases. The search made possible to find 471 studies: 33 in LILACS, 357 from MEDLINE, 59 in CINAHL, 18 in BDENF and 4 in SciELO. After applying the inclusion criteria previously established, there were selected for this INTRODUCTION


There is considerable debate concerning the effects of the first humans on the environments of the Pacific Islands. Much disagreement has arisen because of the differing techniques used to fix the time when the first humans arrived on particular islands. There is also considerable discussion about how stable, at a variety of timescales, Pacific Island environments were in the absence (or presence) of humans. John Flenley has proposed that archaeological dates significantly underestimate the times of initial human arrival on many Pacific Islands, the most accurate estimates of which come from palynological analyses. This paper offers some support to this view, from consideration of reef-growth hiatuses in Fiji, yet doubts that initial human arrivals were coincident with ecological crises. There is considerable evidence that natural climate changes, particularly short-term ones, caused major ecological and environmental disruptions on Pacific Islands, during both their pre- and post-settlement histories, and that human arrival was marked in most cases by only marginal disruptions.


A carbon-like sorbent has been prepared from flax shive via sulphuric acid treatment. The ability of the prepared sorbent to remove Cr(VI) from aqueous solutions was investigated by following the influence of various parameters such as contact time, pH, metal ion concentration, temperature and sorbent status (wet and dry). Equilibrium data followed a second order rate expression at pH 4.5 while it followed a first order rate equation at pH 1.5. Sorption studies showed a maximum uptake in the pH range (2.6-2.4) on the wet sorbent and in the pH range (2.4-2.2) on the dry sorbent for 100 and 220 mg/l of Cr(VI) respectively. At lower pH values, complete reduction of Cr(VI) to Cr(III) was found with low sorption while at higher pH values sorption decreased. An increase in the solution pH was observed during the sorption reaction indicating proton involvement in the sorption/reduction process. Equilibrium data, at pH≥3, fit the Langmuir equation. Temperature studies showed a large increase in the Cr(VI) sorption capacity with temperature increase. These studies have shown that that carbon product can work as an efficient sorbent as well as a reducing agent for Cr(VI).


Factors that affect the phase-inversion temperature (PIT) based on nonionic surfactant fatty alcohol ethoxylates were investigated. Phase-inversion process was continuously monitored by determining changes in conductivity with temperature. The influences of oil-to-water ratio, emulsifier concentration, emulsifier mixing ratio, sodium chloride, and oil types on the PIT of emulsions were investigated. Results showed that the PIT of the emulsions declined with increased oil-to-water ratio. Emulsifier concentration significantly affected the PIT temperature. High sodium chloride content suppressed phase inversion. A lower Brij72-to-Brij721 ratio corresponded to higher PIT. Different oils required different HLB numbers in the phase-inversion process. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT


The goals of the low-temperature assessment project, performed by the Oregon Department of Geology and Mineral Industries (DOGAMI) is aimed primarily at updating the inventory of the nation's low and moderate temperature geothermal resources. The study has begun in Oregon, where the areas of Paisley, Lakeview, Burns/Hines, Lagrande, and Vale were identified over 40 sites as having potential for direct heat utilization. Specifics sites are outlined, detailing water temperature, flow, and current uses of the sites.


AbstractEmbedded systems are involved more and more into our daily lives thanks to the concept of the Internet of Things (IoT). An important step in this development is the communication between th ...


Against the background of the evidence presented by John Siegfried and Wendy Stock in this issue on labor market outcomes for new economics Ph.D. recipients, this paper discusses the links between the Ph.D. labor market and graduate education


An option for the structural design of the metamorphic InGaAs photovoltaic converter is presented. The peculiarity of the proposed device is the ability to operate efficiently with the high-power 1064 nm laser radiation at the elevated up to +125°C temperatures. The temperature dependencies of the output photovoltaic parameters for two types of InxGa1−xAs laser-power converters are presented in regard to In content: with x = 0.23 and x = 0.18 and with an efficiency of ~50% and ~40% (25 °C), respectively. For In0.18Ga0.82As device, an increase in efficiency of up to 50% is recorded upon transition to a temperature range of <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$50~\div ~60~^{\circ }\text{C}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> with maintaining efficiency at a level of more than 45% at elevated to 100 °C operating temperatures. In comparison, the "standard" In0.23Ga0.77As device performs a negative efficiency trend within a whole temperature range with absolute values below 45% in practically important operating modes of <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$+ 75\,\,\div \,\,100\,\,^{\circ }\text{C}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>.


Software development is a complex process with challenges and issues that arise during this process. This thesis explores critical issues and challenges during this process in a restructuring (rewriting) project. Additionally, it aims to help organizations overcome these challenges. A qualitative research method is used to observe the ideas emerging during the software development process. Data is collected through observations and documents. All the meetings are recorded. The data collection process provides helpful information for different perspectives on the issues and decision-making processes. The research presents challenges and issues in four categories feature development, strategy, quality, and software structure. The decisions made in the project are analyzed in the data evaluation. Additionally, the impact of the decisions is examined on the project's success.


Processing massive actual data from the electric power data acquisition system through the methods of data mining and the establishment of line loss rate prediction model are the development trend of line loss management in transformer district under the background of big data. A fast massive line loss data processing method based on PCA-ANN was proposed. This method can be described as follows: extracting the principal element through the PCA,eliminating the interference factors and then establishing prediction model for line loss prediction based on ANN. The effectiveness of this method is verified by actual example.


[Introduction] Immunocytochemical labeling of cryosections, especially immunofluorescence microscopy using semi-thin (0.5-μm) cryosections, has been a powerful technique for detection of cellular antigens in situ and has been widely employed in cell and molecular biology studies. In many cases, immunofluorescence provides sufficient resolution and sensitivity to answer the question being addressed. However, in certain cases the increased resolution of the electron microscope using ultrathin (90-nm) cryosections may be required to define more precisely the localization of specific molecules. Recently, a unique fluorescent ultrasmall immunogold probe, FluoroNanogold (FNG), has been developed for use as a secondary antibody in immunocytochemical applications. It consists of a Fab' fragment of an antibody to which a 1.4-nm gold particle and fluorochromes are conjugated. FNG permits correlative microscopic observation of a sample stained in a single labeling procedure by multiple optical imaging. Recently, we have shown FNG immunocytochemistry on ultrathin cryosections to be valuable for high-resolution correlation of immunofluorescence and immunoelectron microscopy. In the present study, we have examined the utility of FNG as a secondary antibody for immunolabeling of myeloperoxidase (a marker protein for the azurophillic granules) in ultrathin cryosectioned human neutrophils. [Materials and Methods] Purified human neutrophils were fixed with paraformaldehyde, embedded in gelatin, infiltrated with sucrose, cut as ultrathin cryosections, and then collected on formvar film-coated nickel EM grids as described previously. Grids containing ultrathin cryosections were incubated with antimyeloperoxidase and then incubated with FNG.


Growth curves are widely used in forecasting the market demand. When there are only a few data points available, the estimated model parameters have a low confidence. In this case, if some expert opinions are available, it would be better for predicting future demand to adjust the model parameters using these information. This paper proposes the methodology for re-estimation of model parameters in growth curves when adjusting market potential and/or time of maximum sales. We also provide the detailed procedures for five growth curves including Bass, Logistic, Gompertz, Weibull and Cumulative Lognormal models. Applications to real data are also included.


WE AMERICANS always seem to be busy clearing up misconceptions about China. In our attempt to get beyond one set of misunderstandings, however, we often create new ones to take their place. We substitute today's "truth" for yesterday's myth, only to discover that today's "reality" becomes tomorrow's illusion. This is why American attitudes towards China have undergone the regular cycles of romanticism and cynicism, of idealization and disdain, that were so well described twenty-five years ago in Harold Isaacs' classic, Scratches on Our Minds.' Over the past ten years, American attitudes towards China have experienced another swing of the perceptual pendulum. The idealistic rhetoric of the Cultural Revolution, together with the dramatic improvement in Sino-American relations, created a period of pronounced fascination with China that lasted through most of the 1970s. The Maoist vision of egalitarianism, populism, and selflessness seemed attractive to many Americans. After twenty years of hostility, the possibility of renewing a friendly relationship with a quarter of mankind appealed to still more. A


Osteonecrosis of the femoral head(ONFH) is a chronic intractable disease,clinical follow-up and evaluation have been paid much attention to ONFH.Through the short-duration of follow-up and long-term effect of statistics and analysis for the ONFH,and review the status quo of clinical evaluation.The current outcome indexes mainly include the Harris hip score,radiographic outcome measures and time-point analysis with revision to total hip arthroplasty.further observe the clinical outcome standards of humanity,to carry on the importance of long-term effect.


The database 'Volatile Compounds in Food' started in 1963. In the edition released in November 2007, a 'compare' function is offered as a new option. The database is used to evaluate the food pairing theory: if the major volatile molecules of two foods are the same, they might taste (and smell) nice when the foods are eaten together. With a sensory test it was proved whether the hypothesis of food pairing is valid. Seven different ingredients were mixed in all combinations. It was tested whether the score for the two combined ingredients was higher than the average score for the two separate ingredients. On basis of this experiment the food pairing theory can be rejected.


Requests for assistance can be made by contacting the City Recorder at 801-785-9668 at least 48 hours in advance of the meeting to be held.  The order of agenda items may change to accommodate the needs of the committee.  This meeting may be held electronically via telephone to permit one or more of the committee members to participate. CEDAR HILLS BEAUTIFICATION, RECREATION, PARKS AND TRAILS CITIZENS ADVISORY COMMITTEE Thursday, April 16, 2015 5:30 p.m. Community Recreation Center


Device-free Wi-Fi tracking has become essential for ubiquitous wireless sensing. However, current device-free Wi-Fi tracking systems suffer from two limitations: First, abnormal signals interfere with tracking performance when the user walks across the direct link of the transceivers and second, the tracking error based on the velocity integral accumulates over time. This article proposes CrossTrack, the first device-free cross-link tracking system with commodity Wi-Fi. Our inspiration is to regard the cross-link behavior as an opportunity to correct the trajectory instead of disturbing noise like previous work. Our approach involves three main steps. First, we devise a metric that is capable of detecting cross-link behavior. Second, we propose a new theoretical model that identifies the cross-link position as a landmark. Third, we develop a path revision technique that utilizes this landmark to optimize the trajectory. The technique innovation of this article is to reveal the theoretical approach to transform cross-link interference into optimization in device-free tracking for the first time. We implement CrossTrack based on commercial Wi-Fi devices and conduct comprehensive experiments. Our results show that CrossTrack can reduce tracking errors by 48.75%, and the median tracking error is 0.41 m.


Designing a feeding program for the ranch horse can be tricky, because of the variation in how often or how hard they are used from day to day. In addition, some horses are just "easy keepers" and are able to get by on less feed, while others lose body condition no matter how much extra grain you give them. This article will provide feeding guidelines and tips you can use to keep your ranch horses in good working condition.


In the electric-power industry, the safety of the high-voltage tower is of paramount importance, therefore, the bolts used to fix the tower must be applied with appropriate torque value. At present, most tools for fastening bolts use electric wrench with fixed torque. Although they can only tighten the bolts, they cannot recheck the tightening strength of the bolts. Aiming at this problem, a multi-function controller system is designed to realize bolt fastening and detection. Through the test platform for inspection, the experimental results show that the designed system can realize the function of bolt tightening and torque detection, and the error meets the industrial standard.


The level of the development of democracy is associated with the level of freedom, which despite some differences that depend on various objective and subjective circumstances is compared with the affiliated extent of the rights, freedoms and responsibilities with ensuring presence or absence of equality under the law. This axiom defines the development of the legal system of a democratic state, which is invariably associated with the establishment of an equitable social order in a particular state. It is legally embodied in the principle of equality under the law, which is one of the most important foundations of the rule of law the hallmarks of the legitimacy of the state and its authorities. Though the right to equality under the law and the protection of all persons against discrimination are fundamental norms of international human rights law, the recognition and enjoyment of equal rights still remain


The shock wave as the result of underwater blasting operations can have negative impacts on animals, primarily fish and sea mammals. Understanding the principles of underwater shock wave propagation and decay is important for the adjustment of blasting parameters to the specific conditions of each such operation. Measurements of shock wave pressure were obtained from underwater blasting projects where confined explosive was used. In this thesis the results of these pressure measurements are analyzed and compared to theoretical principles and guidelines for the use of such explosive charges.


Dirac's generalized Hamiltonian dynamics is given an accurate geometric formulation as an implicit differential equation and is compared with Tulczyjew's formulation of dynamics. From the comparison it follows that Dirac's equation—unlike Tulczyjew's—fails to give a complete picture of the real laws of classical and relativistic dynamics.


The invention discloses a method for completely peeling off the orange segments by using pectase. The method can entirely peel off the fruit cores and wrap angles that can not be entirely peeled off by enzyme method usually, which reduces subsequent manual cleaning-up procedures. Peeled orange segments are arrayed on the shelves according to the direction that the fruit cores are downward, and then the fruit cores are carried out enzymolysis for 2-6 hours by using the 0.5%-2% of pectase with pH 3.0-5.0 at the temperature of 20-50 DEG C; or the fruit cores are injected with 0.5-2mL and 0.5%-2% of pectase with pH 3.0-5.0 from the center at the top of the orange fruits and then peeling is performed after the enzymolysis for 2-12 hours at the temperature of 10-50 DEG C. After the pretreatment, the orange segments are put into the enzyme solution entirely for degradation so as to get the orange segments with complete peeling. The method is simple and practical, which solves the disadvantage of being difficult to peel off orange segments completely by the enzyme method.


This essay delves into some of the challenges of studying the coevolution of humans and domestic spaces. These constructed arenas center on food preparation, and as part of the heritable niche they can shift the opportunities for, and constraints on, social interaction and cooperation in evolutionary time. Domestic spaces are widely evidenced in the archeological record, but investigators have made little progress in demonstrating causal links between proposed feedback spirals and constructed spaces of any sort. Bridging fine‐scale and large‐scale processes in coevolutionary systems is a complex problem that must engage higher levels of generative evolutionary theory. Archaeology nonetheless stands to offer a great deal to larger research programs by documenting and analyzing the pathways of change based on site formation processes along with evidence from subsistence refuse and technology. Choice models remain valuable tools for investigating aspects of the fine‐scale feedback processes involved.


Objective To explore the efficacy of lithium carbonate combined with sodium valproate and lithium carbonate alone in the prevention of bipolar disorer.Methods A total of 82 patients in rehabilitation period of bipolar disorder were randomly assigned into two groups, Study group (44)treated with lithium carbonate combined with sodium valproate and the control group (38) with lithium carbonate alone for the treatment of two years.Results The improvement rate in the study group was 88.6% and 68.4% in the control group.There was significant difference between two groups.Conclusion Lithium carbonate combined with sodium valproate is effective in the prevention of bipolar disorder.


An impeller for a pump, especially a vortex pump, provided with one or more straight or curved vanes arranged radially. Vortex pumps are used e.g. for pumping sewage, for which purpose they are well adapted. However, a drawback with such pumps known so far has been a rather low efficiency and a low lift curve. In the vortex pump of the invention, this problem is eliminated by providing the edges of the vanes with flanges essentially perpendicular to the vane surface.


This positive and comprehensive book updates on previous work developed by Helen Sanderson and colleagues, providing an array of information about person-centred approaches. The book is divided into four clear sections with the aim of enabling the reader to understand and deliver evidence based person-centred approaches. Part one of the book looks at the current context for delivering personalisation, explaining current policy and details the background and principles of person-centred thinking and planning. It highlights that individual's are often their own experts in how to be supported. Part two describes the foundation of person-centred thinking and outlines a range of practical person-centred thinking tools. These tools are explained in action and a process for deciding which tools to use to support people is put forward. Part three explains the person-centred review process and how it is different from traditional reviews such as the care programme approach (CPA). Here the authors highlight CPA reviews often work towards the consultant or professional's agenda and do not always work in partnership with the individual. Part four looks at person-centred practice through adulthood, providing support to individual's at home, in residential care and at the end of life. A person-centred approach to risk is discussed in creative ways by using person-centred thinking tools. The book allows the reader to learn about person-centered thinking across the life-span, in different environments and across different types of conditions. A particular strength of the book is that it provides examples of delivering clear and effective evidence-based practice through the use of case studies, logs and handouts. The case studies are useful in helping the reader reflect on experiences, situations and events. There is an abundance of support planning tools which help assist the reader in completing support plans that can be adapted to suit an individual's needs. The emphasis throughout the book is to help the reader support individual's to have more positive control over their lives by understanding what is important to them, how best to support them, understanding how they communicate and how they make decisions. This book is almost manual-like in that it provides an array of very useful worked examples of how to implement personalised support strategies. These examples are the book's best feature and allow the reader to follow a practical step-by-step guide to enable them to carry them out. This book is simple and effective and would be recommended to all (regardless of role) who directly support individuals and wish to learn about evidence-based person-centred approaches that can be applied across services, conditions and life-span.


Eight microsatellite loci which in 2nd and 5th chromosome were selected according to the genetic map of male goat and related reports.The population including 250 pure Boer goats in this study.The results showed that,for the BMS1248,BMS1898,ILSTS034,LSCV22,LSCV37,OarFCB011,IDVGA64,INRA040,the number of effect alleles(Ne),heterozygosity(H) and polymorphism information content(PIC) in the Boer goats population were 10.057 6,0.900 6,0.892 0;6.831 5,0.853 6,0.839 6;8.101 8,0.876 6,0.864 0;7.067 5,0.858 5,0.841 7;7.730 7,0.870 6,0.857 3;5.912 5,0.830 9,0.810 1;6.134 7,0.837 2,0.817 2;5.957 8,0.832 2,0.812 2,respectively.The relating effects between markers and growth traits were analyzed in a generalized linear model,the results indicated that the 162/140 genotype of BMS1248 had positive significant effect on birth weight,birth length,birth height,birth chest;119/101 genotype of BMS1898 had positive significant effect on birth weight,birth length,birth height,111/111 genotype had positive significant effect on birth chest;193/167 genetype of ILSTS034 had positive significant effect on birth weight,while 193/167 and 199/167 had positive significant effect on birth chest;161/147 and 159/143 genotype of LSCV37 had negative significant effect on birth weight,while 161/147 genotype had negative significant effect on birth weight and birth length;281/243 genotype of IDVGA64 had negative significant effect on birth weight and birth length;246/216 genotype of INRA040 had positive significant effect on body weight and birth chest,while 246/216 and 238/238 had positive significant effect on birth height.


The Laser Interferometer Space Antenna (LISA) is a joint ESA NASA mission to be launched in 2018. It is an interferometric gravitational wave detector with a measurement band going from 0.1 mHz to 1 Hz. The conceptual interferometer design is unique and includes many challenging aspects that must be analysed in terms of their stability in advance to the mission. One of these new features is the so-called back-side fibre link, which connects the two optical benches on-board each spacecraft. In its optical fibre, two frequency shifted laser beams are counter-propagating. LISA will only reach its design sensitivity, if these two beams inside this fibre experience the same pathlength changes down to a level of approximately 1 pm/ in the mHz range. In this paper, we present the construction of a quasi-monolithic interferometer that represents a cutout of the LISA interferometry concerning the back-side fibre link. In order to ensure a high thermal and mechanical stability of the interferometer, the hydroxide-catalysis bonding technique was applied. For the construction of the interferometer, a number of new alignment techniques and solutions were developed that are suitable for LISA prototype experiments.


By using the nonsmooth(F,α,ρ,d)-convex functions,the duality problem of a class of nonsmooth multiobjective fractional programming is considered,and the appropriate theorems of weak duality,strong duality and strict converse duality are also derived in this paper.


The reconfigurable test platform (RTP) is designed to test high speed, high reliability and super precision indexes of wafer transmission robot, which can transfer and align wafers in the semiconductor manufacturing. This paper focuses on optimal configuration of the test platform. First, the problem is described considering three important yet conflicting factors: assembly, structural stiffness, and cost. Second, based on the combination sequence of function requirements and the connection relationship of modules, a multi-objective optimal decision-making model was formulated. And then, based on layered network and dependent degree methods, the multi-objective model is improved to be an only one objective optimization problem. Finally, the modified discrete particle swarm optimization (MDPSO) algorithm is proposed to solve the model and generate the best configuration scheme of RTP. Our computational results have shown that the MDPSO algorithm is efficient and robust. And the results demonstrate that the developed methods can be used to improve the test platform design efficiency and reduce the production cost


Flotation is a separation process, where valuable minerals and metals are separated from gangue minerals. The separation is based on the difference of the surface chemistry of minerals. Flotation has been used for beneficiation of minerals nearly 100 years, but still the mechanism of the process isn't well known. The aim of this project is to develop the beneficiation process for sulphide poor PGE ores and to increase the knowledge of the flotation process. The developed process will be modelled by using HSC-Sim software. In this report some examples of control applications are presented, simulators for mineral processing industry are mentioned and a developed HSC-model for flotation is introduced.


Impact analysis is a core activity of requirement change management (RCM). The pre-requisite of impact analysis activity is traceability information. There are various techniques present in literature used for storing, extracting and updating the traceability information for the purpose of performing impact analysis. We have identified the need to perform impact analysis from multiple perspectives. The three perspectives present in literature namely technical, organizational and personal perspective; help in identifying technical, organizational and personal impacts. This paper evaluates various traceability techniques with respect to their usefulness for Multiple Perspective Impact Analysis (MPIA).


Vulnerable Road Users, such as pedestrians and cyclists, are a significant proportion of all traffic participants but have limited capabilities to protect themselves in accidents. Hence, raising awareness of their presence among vehicles is vital. One key technology in this regard will be the Collective Perception Service (CPS), which is currently standardized by the ETSI. It enables vehicles to exchange information about locally perceived objects via Collective Perception Messages, improving situational awareness and allowing perception of obstructed traffic participants. However, the CPS distinguishes vehicles and person-type objects when generating messages because of their difference in movement patterns and dynamics. This paper analyzes the inclusion rules for person-type objects in a large-scale simulation study, showing that the CPS can significantly improve awareness of persons with little additional channel resource usage. Finally, alternative parameterizations for the CPS are analyzed, indicating how different tracking accuracies for persons can be achieved.


Modifications to the gamma interconnection network (GIN), which is composed of 3*3 basic building blocks, with interconnecting patterns between stages following the plus-minus-2/sup i/ functions, are discussed. The gamma network is modified by altering the interconnecting patterns between stages so as to create totally disjoint paths from any source (S) to any destination (D), ensuring high terminal reliability between every (S, D) pair. The network is called fault-tolerant GIN (FTGIN) since it can tolerate an arbitrary single fault. If several building blocks (i.e. 3*3 switches) are fabricated in one VLSI chip, the layout area and pin count are smaller for the FTGIN than for its GIN counterpart as a result of the change in the interconnection patterns, offering potential cost reduction. A lower bound on the terminal reliability of the FTGIN is derived, showing significant terminal reliability improvement over the conventional gamma network.<<ETX>>


Jin dynasty poetry in Zezhou shows the unique landscape of the North-South integration,works with the emotional nature of color,filled with the idea of integration of Confucianism and Buddhism,but also filled with strong local characteristics.


'Cyborg and bionic systems' relate to hybrid fusion of organic and mechatronics body parts by integration of technologies such as artificial components and biohybrids actuators and sensors. Biological characteristics such as self-organization, self-healing, energy conversion, sustainability, and integration have the potential to feed new ideas to support the improvement of conventional robotic designs and control. In cyborg and bionic systems, the ways to adapt to these characteristics are met by combining the scientific discipline of organismal and cellular neuromechanics with the technological discipline of bionic device design. One of the main goals is to repair or enhance organisms beyond their original biological properties. Cyborg and bionic systems are promising research directions to meet the requirements for better human life, such as regenerative medicine, neural control, and rescue. With the rapid development of bionics technology and nanotechnology, cyborg and bionic systems can help humans to overcome many limitations such as disease, speed, strength, and smartness. Keeping the above key attributes in mind, this special issue is focused to recent trends in biohybrid robots, bionic actuators, bionic sensors, supernumerary robotic limbs, and prostheses. In this special issue, there are five cutting-edge researches accepted for publication. The first paper by Yuya Morimoto et al. describes a fabrication method and driving property of a biohybrid device with an antagonistic pair of skeletal muscle tissues. This biohybrid device, composed of an antagonistic pair of skeletal muscle tissues and a flexible substrate, shows the fundamental morphology and function of skeletal muscle. The second paper by Kaoru Uesugi et al. shows a fabrication method of the insect-derived cell sheets using temperature-responsive culture surfaces as the driving component for bionic actuators. This work also shows that the cell sheet was successfully fabricated with a lowtemperature treatment by culturing insect-derived cells on the temperature-responsive copolymer grafted surfaces. The third paper by Masahiro Shimizu et al. focuses on the self-organization characteristics of living organisms, investigates the tactile perception characteristics of cells towards novel tactile sensors for biohybrid system. The fourth paper by Tadayoshi Aoyama et al. develops an intuitive control method for extra robotic limbs. This paper mainly focuses operational learning experiments for manipulating a robotic thumb using the posterior auricular muscle, a body part that is not used in everyday life. The last paper by Yanggang Feng et al. proposes a locomotion mode recognition system for active lower limb prostheses using convolutional neural network and the signal from one strain gauge. We would like to thank all authors who submitted original papers to this special issue.We also would like to show our appreciation to reviewers who brought insightful comments for improvement of submitted papers' quality. Finally, our thanks also go to Advanced Robotics, particularly Ms Noriko Watanabe, for the assistance in the preparation of this successful special issue.


A comparison is presented between experiment and quantum and classical simulations of the time-dependent dynamics of
the dissociation reaction of ICN via the A continuum. To illustrate the approach, second-order perturbation theory and
a classical model (Ber. Bunsen-Ges. Phys. Chem. 1988, 92, 373) are employed to calculate the real-time behavior of dissociating
[I⋅⋅⋅CN]^(••) species during the course of the reaction. In this way, the abilities of the two methods to describe accurately
the reaction dynamics as revealed experimentally are evaluated: it is found that both quantum dynamical and classical mechanical
treatments are capable of reproducing the essential temporal features probed by experiment and that, in this instance, classical
equations of motion offer an adequate description of the process of nuclear separation. The difference between the relevant
excited-state potential functions (over the long-range region) employed in the calculations is recovered from the simulated
data by means of an inversion procedure (J. Chem. Phys. 1989, 90, 829) that relates absorption of the probing laser pulse
to interfragment distance along the reaction coordinate. In addition, the variation in calculated transient behavior resulting
from changes in the parameters describing the functional forms of the two potentials governing the observed reaction dynamics
is examined in terms of their effect on characteristic reaction dissociation times, the lifetimes of transition-state configurations, and inversion to the difference between potential energy curves. Finally, comparison is made with analogous experimental and theoretical investigations of the fragmentation of the heavier Bi_2 molecule.


Toddler in the age category of six to twenty-four months should be ready to be given complementary food. In order to fulfill the nutritional needs for the toddler's growth, complementary foods must be sufficient for the kid according to their age while still paying attention to the continuity of breastfeeding. One thing that must be considered in choosing complementary foods is the Recommended Dietary Allowances (RDA) which is categorized by age, weight, and food texture, which is adjusted to the toddler age category. In terms of fulfilling all aspects of choosing complementary foods, this study proposes the design of a 4-star daily menu recommendation system for toddlers which refers to the intake of daily calorie needs for toddlers, namely carbohydrates, animal protein, vegetable protein, and vitamins/minerals using the FMADM method (Fuzzy Multiple Attribute Decision Making). The FMADM method used is the Electre method. In this study, the authors succeeded in building the desired recommendation system using the Electre method which produces a daily menu based on the number of mealtimes, based on the age and weight of toddlers by observing the user's tendency to the texture and composition of food and its nutritional content in the recommendation system that is built, so that can be accessed via mobile devices owned by the user.


A system of three square coils was studied with computational methods. Design data are given which allow one to optimize the field uniformity for both the radial and the axial components, within a given volume of the coil system. By use of these data, it is possible to get a field of a given uniformity in a volume much larger than in a two‐coil system.


Empowering employees is one of the recent administrative trends in human resource development, which is responsible for increasing productivity and improving quality and profitability in organizations. In order to permit the organization to achieve this, it needs to adopt an ethical leadership style that provides the appropriate climate to support the empowerment of workers. The study aimed to investigate the impact of ethical leadership on employees' empowerment at Al- Azhar University in Assuit. The research problem of the current study was represented in the following inquiry: Does ethical leadership affects employees' empowerment at Al- Azhar University in Assuit branch? The study relied on the descriptive-analytical approach. The researcher used Pearson correlation to measure the strength of association between the two variables of this study (ethical leadership and employees' empowerment) and their dimensions and direction of the association. The researcher used simple regression analysis to test the hypotheses and relationships of the independent and dependent variables. The study sample included (317) people from Al- Azhar University where data was collected using a survey list prepared for the purpose of the study and only 255 questionnaires were received, rates about 80%. And the study reached several results; the most important of which is that the degree of exercise for the two study variables came with an average degree for each of them, where the average value for ethical leadership reached (3.57) and for employee empowerment the average was (3.53). Furthermore, it was found that there was a significant effect of ethical leadership behaviors on employees' empowerment, as the value of (T) was (1.98), which is significant at the level of (0.01). The study recommended the need to support the values of ethical leadership and their basic dimensions through holding training courses and workshops to spread the tenet of ethical leadership in the organization and its values as well. Last but not least, we recommend the organizations to adopt an effective system that permit them to monitor the application of the concept of employees' empowerment.


The utility model relates to an old person's daily body -building field, the more specifically all -round massager of park old person that says so can carry out the omnidirectional massage, and massage effect is good, production low in manufacturing cost. Pole setting fixed connection is on the base, and top helmet suit is on the top of pole setting. Shank portion massager around rod fixed connection in the pole setting, shank portion massager suit at shank portion massager on the rod. Big shank massager around rod fixed connection in the pole setting, shank portion massager is orthogonal around the rod with big shank massager around the rod, big shank massager suit at big shank massager on the rod. The waist massager around rod fixed connection in the pole setting, waist massager suit at the waist massager around the rod on. Back massager mount pad sets up in the pole setting, and the back massager is installed on the massager mount pad of back. Handrail fixed connection in the pole setting, cervical vertebra portion massager around rod fixed connection in the pole setting, cervical vertebra portion massager installation cervical vertebra portion massager is on the rod.


We examine the interaction between partisan affect and elite polarization in a behavioral voting model. Voting is determined by affect rather than rational choice. Parties are office-motivated; they choose policies to win elections. We show that parties bias their policies toward their partisans if voters exhibit ingroup responsiveness, i.e., they respond more strongly to their own party's policy deviations than to policy deviations by the other party. Our results suggest that affective polarization is a driver of the growing elite polarization in American politics. Importantly, this observation does not assume any shifts in the voters' bliss points and is therefore orthogonal to the controversy over whether the American electorate has become more polarized in ideology.


Anorexia nervosa is a complex of physical, emotional, and behavioral changes occurring in individuals who starve themselves because of an aversion to weight gain. Bulimia involves episodic binge eating, combined with an awareness that the eating pattern is abnormal.

Theorists suggest that individuals with anorexia nervosa can be seen as rejecting the traditional female role, while individuals with bulimia can be seen as overidentifying with the traditional female role. The validated Sex Role Ideology Scale by Kalin and Tilby was used to determine if anorexics did in fact have a feminist perspective on women's role in society, and if bulimics had a traditional perspective.

Data from the two patient groups (anorexics and bulimics) were compared to those of a control group of university students, matched for sex and age. No significant differences were found on the Sex Role Ideology Scale.


Multiple introduction of phosphonate groups around the quinone oxygen greatly deforms the p-benzoquinone ring through the steric and electronic repulsion. The repulsion produces not a boat but a chair conformation with a bent angle as large as 17.8°.


Downregulation of the proapoptotic p53 target gene glioma pathogenesis-related protein 1 (GLIPR1) occurs frequently in prostate cancer, but the functional meaning of this event is obscure. Here, we report the discovery of functional relationship between GLIPR1 and c-Myc in prostate cancer where c-Myc is often upregulated. We found that the expression of GLIPR1 and c-Myc were inversely correlated in human prostate cancer. Restoration of GLIPR1 expression in prostate cancer cells downregulated c-myc levels, inhibiting cell-cycle progression. Downregulation was linked to a reduction in b-catenin/TCF4-mediated transcription of the c-myc gene, which was caused by GLIPR1-mediated redistribution of casein kinase 1a (CK1a) from the Golgi apparatus to the cytoplasm where CK1a could phosphorylate b-catenin and mediate its destruction. In parallel, GLIPR1 also promoted c-Mycprotein ubiquitination anddegradation by glycogen synthase kinase-3aand/or CK1a-mediated c-Myc phosphorylation. Notably, genetic ablation of the mouse homolog of Glipr1 cooperated with c-myc overexpression to induce prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia and prostate cancer. Together, our findings provide evidence for CK1a-mediated destruction of c-Myc and identify c-Myc S252 as a crucial CK1a phosphorylation site for c-Myc degradation. Furthermore, they reveal parallel mechanisms of c-myc downregulation by GLIPR1 that when ablated in the prostate are sufficient to drive c-Myc expression and malignant development. Cancer Res; 71(24); 7694–704. 2011 AACR.


Many applications value an assessment of distorted natural images according to their usefulness, or utility, rather than their perceptual quality. For the quality task, human observers evaluate an image based on its perceptual resemblance to a reference, whereas for the utility task, the usefulness of an image as a surrogate for a reference is under evaluation. This paper presents a novel technique for acquiring perceived utility scores derived from textual descriptions produced by observers viewing images. The technique uses an observer-centric approach, so observers dictate the relevant concepts that characterize image usefulness. This technique is used to collect perceived utility (PU) scores for 150 distorted images that simulate scenes captured by a surveillance system. The capability of both the natural image contour evaluation (NICE) utility estimator, which compares contours of the reference and test images, and popular quality estimators to estimate PU is reported. The conclusions drawn from the results augment previously reported results and establish that a multi-scale implementation of NICE (MS-NICE) is the most robust utility estimator among the estimators evaluated, since MS-NICE consistently performs as well as estimators producing the most accurate perceived utility estimates for various distortion types.


Introduction: There are no strong recommendations regarding the management of percutaneous cholecystostomy (PC). The aim of this study was to assess the safety of early PC removal in terms of complications and recurrent disease. Materials and Methods: Retrospective observational study of consecutive patients who underwent PC for acute cholecystitis from January 2012 to December 2017. We first evaluated PC-related complications and recurrent disease in patients whose drainage was removed as inpatients (IPR) or as outpatients (OPR). Patients were then divided into 2 groups according to the timing of PC removal: G1 with the PC removed within the first 7 days after its collocation and G2 with the PC removed after 7 days. Results: We included 151 patients. Patients in the OPR group had their catheters removed after 52 days (26 to 67 d) while the IPR group after 8 days (6 to 11 d); P<0.001. No difference was seen regarding complications, recurrent disease rate, or readmissions. G1 was comprised of 56 patients (37.1%), whereas G2 had 95 (62.9%). When G1 was compared with G2, no differences were seen in terms of complications. However, G1 presented a shorter duration of antibiotic treatment with 11 days (8 to 14 d) versus 15 days (12 to 23 d) in G2; P<0.001, but had a higher rate of recurrent disease 32.1% versus 14.7% in G2; P=0.014 and a higher rate of readmission 30.3% versus 13.6% in G2; P=0.019. Conclusions: Removal of the PC during the index admission was not associated with a higher risk of complications. However, the PC removal before 7 days could be related to an increase in recurrent disease and readmissions.


The Pierre Auger Observatory uses the atmosphere as a huge calorimeter. This calorimeter requires continuous monitoring, especially for the measurements made with the fluorescence telescopes. A monitoring program with several instruments has been developed. LIDARs at the sites of each of the fluorescence detectors are used to measure aerosols and clouds. Beams from calibrated laser sources located near the centre of the Observatory are used to measure the light attenuation due to aerosols, which is highly variable even on time scales of one hour. The Central Laser Facility (CLF) has been used to provide hourly aerosol characterisations over five years based on two independent but fully compatible procedures. The eXtreme Laser Facility (XLF), located in a symmetric position relative to the CLF and the four fluorescence detector sites, has just started operation. The level of cloud coverage is measured using cameras sensitive to the infrared and can also be detected with the sky background data.


Brain-Computer Interfaces have gained a large interest in several research fields in a relatively short time. This has led to different ways to describe and analyze systems making their comparison very difficult. Moreover, sharing data, methods and tools is difficult because standard file formats are still missing. Here some of the advantages coming from the definition of a standard model are reported together with the proposal of a roadmap aimed at achieving this goal with a minimal effort from the scientific community.


This work investigated the impact of Boko HaramTerrorism on the Socio-Economic Development of Nigeria within the time frame of 2007–2012. We hypothesized that Boko Haramterrorist escapades have weakened investor confidence and slowed down economic activities in Nigeria. Using qualitative method, we collected and evaluated secondary data to test and validated our hypothesis. Noting that Boko Haramterrorism emerged from the political and socio-economic environment of Nigeria, which has not enjoyed the true impact of governance, and that government has poorly responded to the menace, we made recommendations aimed at proffering a suitable solution chief among which are good governance and intelligence gathering. In the later regard, we highlighted the need for government to adopt a strategy of infiltrating the organization.


The sodium (Na) and moisture () gettering phenomena were measured and analyzed in PSG/ passivated Al-1%Si thin film interconnections. PSG/ passivation and Al-1%Si thin films were deposited by using APCVD (atmosphere pressure chemical vapor deposition) and DC magnetron sputter techniques, respectively. SIMS (secondary ion mass spectrometry) depth profiling analysis was used to determine the distribution of sodium and moisture throughout the PSG/ passivated Al-1%Si thin film interconnections. Both sodium and moisture peaks were observed strongly at the interfaces between layers rather than within the Al-1%Si thin film interconnections. Sodium peaks were observed at the interface between PSG and passivations, while moisture peaks were not observed.


In the computation of the complex refractive index data for the original published version of this article, and in the following article Jones (2012), there was an error in the calculation of the IR band intensities. This error results in small changes in the 3 μm region bands and an underestimation of the band strengths and continua at longer wavelengths for hydrogen-rich a-C:H materials (XH >∼ 0.23 ≡ Eg >∼ 1 eV). The conclusions of the paper are unchanged, except as indicated in the following, where an updated version of the relevant figure and, if necessary, the accompanying text is given. The section headings and figure numbers are the same as those used in the originally-published paper. The refractive index data that were originally made available through the CDS have now been replaced with corrected data.


MSME is a sector that is able to support economic growth in Indonesia. The existence of MSMEs helps the government in absorbing labor. Current technological advances encourage MSME actors to be able to adapt to technology. Technological developments in the payment system are known as Fintech. The use of technology is a choice based on several factors, so the purpose of this study is to determine the effect of business location, education level, and type of business on the turnover of MSMEs that have used Fintech products, namely E-wallet as a transaction tool. This research was conducted in Denpasar City by targeting medium category MSMEs with a sample of 89 respondents, the instruments used were questionnaires and observations. Analysis of the data used in this study is 2SLS. The results of this study indicate that the variables of type of business, education level, business location, and decisions on the use of E-wallet have an effect on MSME turnover. Partially the independent variables that affect the turnover of MSMEs are the type of business, education level, and the decision to use E-wallet.


The antifungal potential of essential oils of oregano (Origanum vulgare), thyme (Thymus vulgaris) and clove (Syzygium aromaticum) was determined. To establish this antifungal potential, two molds related to food spoilage, Aspergillus niger and Aspergillus flavus, were selected. The agar dilution method was employed for the determination of antifungal activities. The three essential oils analyzed presented inhibitory effects on both molds tested. Oregano essential oil showed the highest inhibition of mold growth, followed by clove and thyme. Aspergillus flavus was more sensitive to thyme essential oil than A. niger. Clove essential oil was a stronger inhibitor against A. niger than against A. flavus.


Enterprise Service Bus(ESB) is the message transportation architecture which supports SOA.It can integrate services effectively,decouple the relations between them and make the service composition more flexible.Not like the heavy-weighted products in market,this paper introduces a new ESB architecture with interceptors.In this architecture,all components of the ESB can act like plug-ins to construct the web service dynamically.They are independent of each other,and meet the demands of OCP principle(open for extension and close for modification).These features make ESB more flexible and more suitable for small and middle enterprises.


Objective To investigate the expression and correlation of DEC1 in pancreatic cancers,and analyze their relationships with the clinicalpathological parameters of pancreatic adenocarcinomas.Methods The expression patterns and levels of DEC1 and HIF-1α were examined using immunohistochemistry in 68 pancreatic adenocarcinoma tissue samples.Results The average positive rate of DEC1 was increased significantly in pancratic adenocarcinomas than those in normal pancreatic tissues.The nuclear expression of DEC1 was negatively correlated with the lymphatic metastasis (P=0.016),TNM stage (P=0.006) and HIF-1α expression (P=0.046).We found that loss of DEC1 was observed in patients with high TNM stage and correlated with poor prognosis (P0.001).Conclusions The nuclear expression of DEC1 was correlated with the lymphatic metastasis,TNM stage and poor prognosis.


The key techniques including scarification,weed,fertilization methods,transplanting and throw-planting seedlings in the no-tillage rice were researched.The results indicated that,the soil bulk density decreased and the cation exchange capacity increased after being treated with soil regulator;there was different effects of different type herbicides on the different type weeds,so reasonable herbicide or scientific mix herbicides should be chosen based on the type of the weeds;fertilization methods of applying many times with little quantity one time,increasing fertilization proportion at late growth stage of the rice and supplying fertilizer by spraying on leaf shoud be used;and transplanting techniques of seedling must be with soil or throw-planting.


Due to the dangerous alarm for many engineering applications such as energy generating systems and pipelines transporting oil, gas and its derivatives under high-pressure, a study of the effect of thermal and mechanical loading on the cracked materials and pipes at high-temperature environments is required. In this work, the influence of the thermal loadings on stresses analysis of pressurized and cracked pressurized pipes has been solved numerically where the mode I crack's type has been considered. The modeling process mainly aims to find the stress intensity factor, J-integral calculations and the stress distributions. The accuracy of the results has been compared with analytical solutions of a pressurized cylinder. The mesh around the crack have been modeled in a careful way to obtain accurate stress distributions. It was found that the surface's temperature has a significant effect on stress distributions, for example, the stresses increased by 50% with increasing the temperature differences between the inner and outer pipe's diameter. Additionally, the stress intensity factor and the J-integrals values were calculated for different crack length ratios and temperature differences. It is found at the crack length ratio of 0.6 the stress intensity factors increased up to 50% from 45 to 76 and J-integral increased by 77% from 250 kN/m to 430 kN/m. Also, the influence of fluid's temperature investigated, and the result showed that by increasing the fluid's temperature without cracks, the stresses decreased by 33%. Also, it was found that for different crack length ratios the J-integral and stress intensity reduces when the fluid's temperature increases.


Nigeria, the seventh most populous country in the world, is plagued by livelihood challenges such as poverty and food insecurity, which are more pervasive among farming households and rural communities. Organic farming is being promoted by some domestic non-governmental organizations as a means of addressing the problem of poverty and food insecurity among farming households and rural communities in the country. Promoters consider organic farming to be well-suited to smallholder farmers' socio-economic conditions in Nigeria, and that it can help improve their livelihood conditions through increased agricultural productivity and farm income. However, the adoption of the technology by smallholder farmers has been underwhelming, for reasons yet to be studied. Using a livelihood framework and through a case study of farmers in Ibadan, Oyo State, this study qualitatively explores and provides insights into the factors that influence, constrain, and gender the adoption of organic farming in Nigeria. Overall, it was found that a mix of factors, which include institutional considerations, farmers' livelihood assets and vulnerability contexts, their livelihood activities, and gender-related variables shaped adoption decision-making. The policy implications of the findings were outlined.


Disruptions in circadian stimuli resulting from their work schedule may put nurses under age 45 at higher risk for accelerated onset of menopause.


Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) are autonomous fliers, which can play different roles in modern day applications. In one of the important role, UAVs can act as aerial data forwarding nodes for communication range enhancement in remote areas. UAVs form a web of drones, which can be geo‐distributed across a large area to serve various applications. However, the two major contradicting challenges with respect to multi‐UAV networks are channel congestion and flight time enhancement. The use of effective data transmission techniques to handle congestion can lead to higher battery dissipation, which in turn end up in the reduction in flight time. However, it is utmost necessity to provide an effective framework, which can provide a viable solution for handling congestion in multi‐UAV networks while enhancing the flight time of UAVs. To handle these issues, software‐defined network (SDN)–enabled opportunistic offloading and charging scheme (SOOCS) in multi‐UAV ecosystem is designed in this paper. In this scheme, an opportunistic offloading scheme is proposed, which uses an SDN‐based control model to handle congestion issues. Apart from this, an opportunistic energy‐charging scheme is designed, wherein the UAVS can either replenish their batteries using solar plates or they can wirelessly charge energy from charging points deployed at various geo‐distributed locations. The proposed scheme is evaluated using a simulation‐based study over the realistic deployment of charging points in Chandigarh City, India. The results obtained show the superiority of SOOCS over other variants of its category in terms of end‐to‐end delay, throughput, and hand‐over latency.


Objective To investigate the results of extended services for the post-operative rehabilitation of patients with osteoporotic hip fracture.Methods A total of 80 patients with osteoporotic hip fracture were randomly divided into experimental group(n = 40) and control group(n = 40).All patients underwent integrated services,including unilateral total hip replacement, rehabilitation,anti-osteoporosis chemotherapy and nursing care.Patients in experimental group joined osteoporosis club and accepted standard extended services after operation.Functional recovery of the hip and bone density improvement were observed after 12 months.Results There was a significant improvement in functional recovery in experimental group than in control group(Harris score,P0.05).The bone mineral density was improved in both groups postoperatively(P0.05).The L_2-L_4 bone mineral density between the two groups was different significantly(P0.05).Conclusions Extended services for the post-operative rehabilitation of patients with osteoporotic hip fracture can promote the functional recovery of the hip and improve bone mineral density.


To date 1758 health workers in the US who may have been inadvertently exposed to the blood of patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) have been tested for antibodies to human T-lymphotropic virus type III (HTLV-III). 26 (1.5%) of these workers have been seropositive but 23 belonged to groups considered to be at increased risk for AIDS. This article presents case histories of 2 of the 3 health workers without identifiable risk factors who were seropositive. The 1st worker had sustained needlestick injuries while drawing blood from AIDS patients 12 and 8 months before her serum was tested in November 1984. She was in good health until June 1984 when she developed mild but persistent lymphadenopathy and intermittent diarrhea. Her longterm monogamous sex partner also denied intravenous drug abuse bisexuality or blood transfusions. He was seronegative for HTLV-III infection. Virus was recovered from his peripheral lymphocytes in April 1985 but not several months later. The 2nd case a male laboratory worker was discovered to be lymphopenic in April 1985 and had antibodies to HTLV-III. In December 1983 he sustained an accidental cut on the hand while processing blood from a leukemia patient. He also suffered a needlestick injury in August 1984 while processing a unit of pooled platelets. This health care worker is asymptomatic although he had transient cervical lymphadenopathy in early 1985. HTLV-III was recovered from his peripheral blood lymphocytes in September 1985. These 2 health care workers are considered to represent occupational transmission of HTLV-III due to parenteral exposure although pre-exposure serum samples were not available to date the onset of infection. Over 40% of accidental needlestick injuries are considered preventable if recommended precautions are followed.


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Ceramics are being increasingly used as biomaterials, particularly for bone defect filling. However, despite numerous studies in the field, there is still a poor understanding of the biological, chemical and physical aspects involved in ceramic bioresorption. To improve this situation, a comprehensive review of the topic is presented. Even though the main emphasis is set on calcium phosphates, other ceramics such as calcium carbonate and sulfate are also considered. The chapter is divided into eight sections. After a general introduction, the three main parameters involved in bioresorption, namely solubility, kinetics, and in vivo conversion, are discussed extensively. Examples, taken mostly from calcium phosphate materials, are provided to illustrate the presented concepts. These sections are followed by a section devoted to bioresorbable ceramics other than pure calcium phosphates. Then, bioresorption models are briefl y discussed. Finally, future trends are presented and a general conclusion is provided.


This paper will consider the valuable insights into social history which can be gleaned from the law reports. The facts of legal disputes and prosecutions evoke the habits, lifestyles and problems of previous times, while the reasoning and verdicts of judges provide a fascinating historical pathway to the outlook and worldview of our senior legal officers. The paper will advocate the consideration of these aspects of judgments in a consolidated and thematic way, rather than as distractions to the lawyer's task of distilling legal principles. The factual scenarios and judicial utterances present in case-law can be both evocative and entertaining in retrospect. Judicial observations of little relevance to the case at hand are sometimes bizarre and often revealing. Lord Denning, while pre-eminent in this field, is by no means the only contributor. References to literature, popular culture and the use of analogy and metaphor bring the essence of a time – or sometimes the essence of ossified judicial sentiment – to life. The greater democratisation of society, the decline in deference and the emergence of values based on equality and political correctness are placed in sharp relief by historical dicta on women, gays and other disadvantaged groups. The paper will thus argue that the law reports are an untapped source for the historian, a repository of valuable non-legal as well as legal material. Too often the focus of general history is on the extra-judicial, political comments of judges to the neglect of their judgments from the bench. Both the legal and non-legal communities must engage with the presence of seemingly irrelevant dicta in written judgments, taking into account the value such dicta may have for disciplines other than law.


In this paper, we propose a new approach for analyzing extreme values that are witnessed in financial markets. Our goal is to compute the predictive distribution of extreme events that are clustered in time and, as opposed to modeling just the maximum of a block of observations, we model the conditional tail for the underlying random process. We apply a stochastic parameterization of the generalized Pareto distribution to model the asymptotic behavior of this conditional tail, or excess distribution. We utilize a Rao-Blackwellized particle filter, which reduces the parameter space, and we derive a concise, recursive solution for the parameters of the distribution. Using the filter, the predictive distribution of the parameters, conditioned on the past data, is computed at each sample-time. We test our model on simulated data which show an improvement over the block-maximum and the maximum likelihood approaches both in parameter estimation and predictive performance.


This paper propose a stacked ceramic patch antenna that is composed with two ceramic patch antenna for Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) and Satellite Digital Audio Radio Service (SDARS). The proposed antenna stacks up GNSS antenna on SDARS antenna to reduce the antenna volume without degradation of antenna performances. The proposed antenna covers all of the required gain at the entire azimuth range. The overall volume of proposed antenna is 36×36×9 mm3. The antenna with high performance and minimized structure is a highly marketable product.


Waste beer yeast was used as raw materials to produce yeast slurry through the following procedures: cleaning, filtration, bitterness removal by bicarbontae and centrifugal separation. And the yeast slurry was blended into yeast liquid then extractives could be made by autolysis and it could be used as food additives.The experimental results indicated that the optimal pH value for yeast autolysis was 5.0, the best temperature was at 55 ℃ and the best time 32 hours, and addition of enzyme could greatly enhance the aminonitrogen contents in autolytic mediums which then caused more distinct compound enzyme effects.(Tran.by YUE Yang)


The challenges for further development of Li rechargeable batteries for electric vehicles are reviewed. Most important is safety, which requires development of a nonflammable electrolyte with either a larger window between its lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) and highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) or a constituent (or additive) that can develop rapidly a solid/ electrolyte-interface (SEI) layer to prevent plating of Li on a carbon anode during a fast charge of the battery. A high Li-ion conductivity (σ Li > 10 ―4 S/cm) in the electrolyte and across the electrode/ electrolyte interface is needed for a power battery. Important also is an increase in the density of the stored energy, which is the product of the voltage and capacity of reversible Li insertion/extraction into/from the electrodes. It will be difficult to design a better anode than carbon, but carbon requires formation of an SEI layer, which involves an irreversible capacity loss. The design of a cathode composed of environmentally benign, low-cost materials that has its electrochemical potential μ C well-matched to the HOMO of the electrolyte and allows access to two Li atoms per transition-metal cation would increase the energy density, but it is a daunting challenge. Two redox couples can be accessed where the cation redox couples are "pinned" at the top of the O 2p bands, but to take advantage of this possibility, it must be realized in a framework structure that can accept more than one Li atom per transition-metal cation. Moreover, such a situation represents an intrinsic voltage limit of the cathode, and matching this limit to the HOMO of the electrolyte requires the ability to tune the intrinsic voltage limit. Finally, the chemical compatibility in the battery must allow a long service life.


"Now" is an album of original music by Brisbane band Seahorse Divorce. The album was produced by Seahorse Divorce and Yanto Browning and engineered and mixed by Yanto Browning.


Developments in Information Technology, technology-based learning is increasingly important. As in all over the world, in Turkey, computer education has been requested to be used in the field and studies related to this are continuing. Computer use studies in education started with the establishment of "computer Education specialization commission in secondary education" in 1984,with Ministry of National Education (MEB) and other institutions in the 1990s (eg. The projects (Basic Education Project , 100% support to education, computer education support, Intel, etc.) carried out by the World Bank, Ministry of transport and continued with the work towards the establishment of Information Technology classrooms in schools. Support for rapidly developing information technology classes has been gradually reduced towards the end of the 2000s, and the Information Technology classes (e.g.,(Keser and Çetinkaya , 2013).


The quality of the received information influences the quality of the actions and decisions that it generates. Take precautions to ensure their quality is essential when information is provided and/or obtained without human mediator. Through an exploratory qualitative study, with measurable variables, it seeks to evaluate the applicability of ServQual instrument for use in the management of the quality of information in an environment of distance education. The instrument designed to evaluate the quality of services, since the information can be understood as a service, can be embedded in the PSP/IQ model of management of the quality of information. The ServQual was adapted to assess the quality of the information in a virtual environment and served for collection and production data with a survey. It was used the reliability and variability measures for checking the instrument. The results pointed out the characteristics reliability and tangibility as the most important by the participants, without distinction the role-played in the course when asked about their expectations. To improve the information quality, should make it easier to find, make available in the right time and enrich the chat. It is suggested new evaluation after a year, in the final phase of the course.


The duration of the reliability qualification test for a new software release at ASML is derived from the SEMI-E10 standard. A system level 'run production' test case is used for qualification, even if specific sub-system test cases could reach the target confidence faster. The confidence in the reliability of a sub-system can be increased faster by utilizing sub-system test cases, because sub-system test cases can stress a sub-system more in the same amount of time. The normal approach from the reliability engineering domain to utilize the sub-system test cases is difficult to set up and maintain. This paper presents a simple and intuitive reliability qualification method which benefits from sub-system test cases. The proposed method is compared with the SEMI-E10 standard. And, two case studies have been performed which show the applicability for software reliability qualification.


Big Data is not a new phenomenon. History is punctuated by regimes of data acceleration, characterized by feelings of information overload, social transformation and invention of new technologies. During these moments, private organizations, administrative powers and sometimes isolated individuals have produced important datasets organized following a - now often superseded but nevertheless - coherent logic. To be translated into relevant sources of information about our past, these document series need to be redocumented using contemporary paradigms. The intellectual, methodological and technological challenges linked with this translation process are the central subject of this article.


2.5D IC integrates heterogeneous chips by interposer with the technologies of through silicon via and re-distribution layer on it. It has the structure that chips are stacked on interposer then mounted on substrate with numerous micro-bumps and C4 bumps. For 2.5D IC package development, warpage control and interlayer dielectric interface stress minimization for potential delamination risk elimination are the crucial matter. A warpage contour and in-plane thermal strain well validated finite element model is crucial for design optimization and risk assessment. In this study, an equipment named advanced metrology analyzer based on three-dimensional digital image correlation technology, a non-contact optical deformation measurement scheme, was used to measure precise warpage and in-plane thermal strain for validation. Based on the well validated golden model, several parameters are studied to optimize package warpage and interposer interlayer dielectric stress.


The effects of predation risk on foraging behavior often result in a trade-off between obtaining food and seeking shelter and may alter the selectivity of herbivores for individual plant species. We experimentally measured forage selection by a small alpine herbivore, the collared pika (Ochotona collaris (Nelson, 1893)), using a cafeteria-style arrangement of six potential forage species at five levels of predation risk. Contrary to our prediction, haying pikas did not switch preferences for forage species of different nutritional quality as predation risk increased. However, the total amount of forage removed was inversely related to risk, and the addition of cover at treatments of greatest potential risk ameliorated the negative effects of higher predation risk. The reasons for increased preference for poorer quality forage species in 2002 relative to 2000 are currently unknown but may reflect changes in predator abundance, forage quality, or increased competition for limited forage resources.


Abstract— Current HDR display technology approaches the dynamic‐range capabilities of the fully adapted human visual system. As such, this technology has potential for performing as a surrogate for real‐world scenes in the perceptual evaluation of high‐dynamic‐range (HDR) image‐reproduction algorithms that aim to map HDR scenes to the limited dynamic ranges available in typical display and print technology. Compared with direct image assessment in comparison with real‐world scenes, it is clear that use of HDR display technology has the benefit of simplicity in experimental design while maintaining the HDR of the original scene. To evaluate this potential application of HDR display technology, seven published versions of well‐known HDR tone‐mapping algorithms were benchmarked for perceptual rendering accuracy against each of four real‐world scenes constructed in the laboratory and against corresponding images on an HDR display. The results illustrate that visual assessments obtained from the HDR display and those obtained from real‐world scenes are in good agreement, validating the potential for HDR display technology as an evaluation tool in this context.


The thrust in biofuel production has pushed researchers in finding more of environmentally friendly materials for use as catalyst in the biofuel production process. Commercially available catalyst materials are not sustainable, and they generally incur higher cost of operation. In the present study, locally available native woods species of Manipur, India namely, Yenthou (Arundo donax.L) and Uningthou (Phoebe hainesiana) were exposed at elevated temperature of 400°C and variable exposure time of 90 and 120 minutes for possible use as catalyst during biofuel production. Muffle furnace has been employed for production of catalyst and characterization techniques such as XRD, FT-IR and SEM with EDX are used. XRD analysis shows diffraction peak corresponding to (0 0 2), (1 0 0) and (1 0 1) of the face centered cubic phase at 28.61°, 28.54° and 30.02° respectively while Scherrer equation shows 29.737 nm as average grain size. FT-IR analysis also shows C=C formation from the samples. The SEM & EDX analysis shows good formation of carbon in the catalyst and the weight % of the components are obtained to be 89.18% and 10.82% for C and O respectively. Transesterification of waste cooking oil at 5% (wt%), 10:1, 75°C and 60 minutes for catalyst loading rate, alcohol-to-oil ratio, reaction temperature and reaction time respectively shows conversion rate of 87.4±1.3% with reusability of 3 times.


A and at least one nitrile rubber S1 and at least one nitrile rubber S2 and at least one base a blend consisting of reactive resin, at least one nitrile rubber S1 is at that time more than 25 wt% It has no acrylonitrile moiety and having an acrylic nitrile moiety at least one nitrile rubber S2 is not less than 30 wt%, the adhesive sheet having at least one heat-activatable adhesive.


e16523 Background: Between October, 2008 and May, 2011, We conducted a I/II trial of gemcitabine plus irinotecan in patients with ovarian cancer who had failed to respond to two prior platinum-base...


A triarchic organization of behavior, building on Skinner's description of respondents and operants, is proposed by introducing a third class of behavior called 'emergents.' Emergents are new responses, never specifically reinforced, that require operations more complex than association. Some of these operations occur naturally only in animals above a minimum level of brain complexity, and are developed in an interaction between treatment and organismic variables. (Here complexity is defined in terms of relative levels of hierarchical integration made possible both by the amount of brain, afforded both by brain-body allometric relationships and by encephalization, and, also, the elaboration of dendritic and synaptic connections within the cortex and connections between various parts/regions of the brain.) Examples of emergents are discussed to advance this triarchic view, of behavior. The prime example is language. This triarchic view reflects both the common goals and the cumulative nature of psychological science.


 Abstract—Corporate tax planning studies have been addressed for a number of years within the developed market context, whereas corporate tax planning research for companies in developing countries is largely non-existent. Studies also associate corporate tax planning with tax avoidance. Tax collection generates large amounts of revenue and is a vital source of income for government to promote overall economic stability and growth. Since Malaysia implemented self-assessment system for companies in 2001, it is important to ensure compliance by taxpayers. Companies engaging with foreign activities are able to utilize in international tax planning. This study is aimed to examine the influence of companies engaging in foreign activity on corporate tax planning. This study tests the relationship by using a cross-sectional-time series valuation using panel data analyses which is Tobit estimations. The findings indicate the link between companies engaging in foreign activity and corporate tax planning in an emerging market. less tax than otherwise required. An example of such a loophole enables the common practice of tax planning through transfer pricing, where profit or income is shifted between countries. With different tax rates or systems to avoid the total amount of tax payable, tax planning also includes income shifting, investing in loss companies, income splitting and gift schemes. Most research on corporate tax planning has been conducted in the US, the UK and Australia. This study investigates corporate tax planning in Malaysia, thus adding to the corporate tax planning literature by examining an emerging market. The Malaysian economy is dependent on foreign activity. As the operations of Malaysian companies become increasingly global in scope, an important issue is how their foreign activities impact on their tax planning. Companies engaging in foreign activity are fundamentally different from domestic only companies as they operate in different cultural, political, economic environments and different tax legislations and jurisdictions. The objective of this study is to examine whether or not the companies engaging in foreign activity in emerging country (Malaysia) would also engage in tax planning. The findings of this study are expected to provide new evidence on the effect of companies" foreign activities on corporate tax planning.


Contemporary modelling of growth based on shell-length to terminal age (SLTA) in long-lived clams is subject to inaccuracies as a consequence of low representation of early age classes in population samplings. To increase early age representation and improve growth modelling, we implemented an approach that used individual growth profile (IGP) data recorded in shells of the Pacific geoduck (Panopea generosa). We compared IGP against SLTA and a combination of both IGP + SLTA data through a multi-model approach for the southernmost known P. generosa population. The most parsimonious model for both IGP and IGP + SLTA data sets was the Schnute model, with L∞ = 127.9 and 122.5 mm, respectively, with the asymptotic phase attained at ∼15 years. For SLTA data alone, the most parsimonious was the Johnson model, with L∞ = 161.6 mm reaching the asymptotic phase at >25 years. In terms of performance, the IGP and IGP + SLTA data sets informed individual growth models with stronger relationships (r2 > 0.9) and higher modelling efficiency (ME > 0.9) than those fitted to SLTA alone (r2 = 0.51; ME = 0.51). The results demonstrate that IGP yields reliable information from relatively few organisms, improves the biological knowledge of the population, and increases the accuracy of parameter estimates for better fishery management.


In this paper we present the application of thermic effect on sonicity's theory into practice. The sonic actions permit the best combination of facilities offered by the procesing of electrical signals (reduces energy) with sonical actions of great power and efficiency, which give the possibility of eliminating the bigest parts of a clasical hidraulical system (hidraulic reservoir, valve of regulating the debit), resulting on action which combine the opportunities offered by the processing the signals of low energy and the compact sonic actions, with high efficiency, with reduces volume, so very economic. The paper proposes to determined the thermic energy (thermic effect) by action a system with alternative debits (sonic). 1. GENERAL NOTIONS ABOUT OF THE SONICITY THEORY The energy in the new system is transmission from one point to other point, at a distance which could be considered considerable, with the help of imparting some periodical variations of compression which produce longitudinal vibrations in solid, liquid or gaze columns. The energy with is transmitted through this periodical pressure and volume vibrations in longitudinal direction could be characterized as power transmission through sonic waves. The science which is based on the application of elastic proprieties of matter at energy transmission has the name of sonic science or sonicity. The sonicity is different by the hydraulic, in practical applications considered fluids as being practically incomprehensible. For the transmission of the power through mechanic waves, it is necessary to realize through which vibrations from the transmitting line could be received and converted for use. If we considered a mechanism of rod-crank which is rotating with a constant angle speed, piston (P) is moving alternative in pipe (c), figure 1, full with liquid. At each run of moving forward of piston is forming a high pressure zone, zones that are circulating along the tube, moving from piston (black zone); between two neighbouring zone of high pressure is a low pressure zone. So, in every point of pipe, the pressure will evolve harmonic. The uniform distance (along the pipe) where the values are repeating, is wave length λ of vibratory movement from liquid


Let P=&,..., S,,] be a partition of a set S (n 2 2). A partitioned incomplete Latin square, (or PILS), having partition P, is an IS( by ISI array L, indexed by S, satisfying the following properties: (0) a cell of L either contains an element of S or is empty, (1) the subarrays indexed by Si X Si are empty, for 1s i s n (we will refer to these subarrays as holes), (2) the elemen ps occurring in row (or column) s of b, are precisely those in S\Si, where s E Si. We will say that the type of L is the multiset (IS& . . . , IS,J}. We will use the notation tyl l 9 l tp to describe the type of a PILS, where there are precisely u, Sj's of cardinality tip for 1 <i ok. Suppose L and M are both PILS having partition P. We say that L and M are orthogonal if their superposition yields every ordered pair in S2 \ U r= 1 S:. Several PILS, each having partition P, are said to be orthogonal if each pair is. We abbreviate the term orthogonal PILS to OPILS. We give an example of two OPILS of type 24 in Fig. 1. (See Lemma 3.10.) Here the symbol set S = &, and the partition is formed by S1 = (0,4), S2 = (1,5}, S3 = (2,6}, and S4 = {3,7). Just as for ordinary Latin squares, one can investigate the largest set of OPILS of a specified type T. We will denote the size of such a set by N(T). In this paper we primarily investigate N(T) where T is of the form 2", n a positive integer. We show that N(2") 2 2 if and only if n 34, and that N(2q) a 6


We investigate the baryon asymmetry in the supersymmetry Dine-Fischler-SrednickiZhitnitsky axion model without R-parity. It turns out that the R-parity violating terms economically explain the atmospheric mass-squared difference of neutrinos and the appropriate amount of baryon asymmetry through the Affleck-Dine mechanism. In this model, the axion is a promising candidate for the dark matter and the axion isocurvature perturbation is suppressed due to the large field values of Peccei-Quinn fields. Remarkably, in some parameter regions explaining the baryon asymmetry and the axion dark matter abundance, the proton decay will be explored in future experiments. ∗E-mail address: firstname.lastname@example.com †E-mail address: email@example.com ar X iv :1 80 9. 04 36 1v 3 [ he pph ] 2 8 M ar 2 01 9


The problem of estimating the difference in arrival times of a noisy sinusoid received at two spatially separated sensors is considered. Given the sinusoidal frequency, a simple delay estimator using the phase difference of the discrete time Fourier transforms (DTFTs) of the received signals is devised. With the use of a periodogram, the algorithm is extended to estimate the delay when the frequency is unknown. The minimum achievable delay variances for the cases of known/unknown frequencies and constant/rectangular envelopes are also given. The effectiveness of the method is demonstrated by comparing with the performance bounds for different frequencies, envelopes and noise conditions.


ABSTRACT The article presents the results of research on business models of industrial heritage tourism sites. A critical review of the literature was made and research was conducted on the basis of tourist attractions associated with the European Route of Industrial Heritage. Based on the research, components of the models were analysed and an overall sustainable business model for industrial heritage tourism enterprises was developed. The Business Model Canvas concept was used to analyse the components and prepare the business model, the value proposition of which was extended by social value.


– In the present paper different approaches to the problem of Ethernet networks traffic modeling have been considered. The main focus is concentrated on the On/Off and ARFIMA models. A new method for estimating the average queue length in buffers of network devices that is necessary to serve traffic in accordance with the specified characteristics is offered. I. INTRODUCTION It is well known that traffic produced by multimedia applications possess self-similar nature [1]. One of such traffic nature manifestations results in packet bursts. This effect leads to an increase in required queue length in buffers of network devices serving fractal traffic. Block scheme of a network device is shown in Fig. 1. In what follows we will analyze dependency ¯ q(ρ) of the average queue length in the buffer on the utilization factor of the output channel ρ.