Now-a-days the world is having immense threat of global warming due to bad impact of CFC emission in the earth. It is a well know fact that air conditioner plays a crucial role in this development. Fortunately, there is a growing trend of corporate-social responsibility to mitigate this problem by designing more environmentally sustainable product. In this paper, we provide the theoretical analysis of making an environment friendly brick by the use of natural fibre, jute, which is as strong as normal brick and a possible competitor to the air conditioner. Our proposed product, jute based brick can help in the movement of reduced CFC emission, which is also very cost effective.


The conventional channel estimation algorithm currently used in the TD-SCDMA system doesnpsilat work well when strong intra-frequency interfering neighbour cell users exist. Parallel interference cancellation (PIC) channel estimation algorithm by simultaneously eliminating the interference of adjacent cells was proposed in this paper to improve the accuracy of channel estimation. The proposed algorithm reconstructed the strong interference signal of each cell based on the knowledge of initial estimated channel impulse response (CIR) results of each cell. Then the interference of all the other cells was cancelled in-parallel to get a more clean signal for a more precise channel estimation of the target user. Simulations showed that a lower estimation error can be achieved by eliminating effectively the interference from strong interfering users in adjacent cells and then the performance of TD-SCDMA system was improved.


Two approaches for solving the long-standing problem of deep laser cooling of neutral magnesium atoms are proposed. The first one uses optical molasses with orthogonal linear polarizations of light waves. The second approach involves a 'nonstandard' magneto-optical trap (NMOT) composed of light waves with elliptical polarizations (in general). Both the widely used semiclassical approach based on the Fokker–Planck equation and quantum treatment fully taking into account the recoil effect are employed for theoretical analysis. The results show the possibility of obtaining temperatures lower than 100 µK simultaneously with a large number of cold atoms ~106 ÷ 107. A new velocity-selective cooling technique allowing one to reach the microkelvin temperature range is also proposed. This technique may have some advantages over, for instance, the shallow-dipole-trap technique utilized by other authors. In the case of magnesium atoms this new technique may be used for obtaining a large number of ultracold atoms (T ~ 1 µK, N  >  105). Such a large number of ultracold atoms is crucial issue for metrological and many other applications of cold atoms.


Oxidative stress is involved in the pathogenesis of pulmonary fibrosis, therefore antioxidants may be of therapeutic value. Clinical work indicates that N‐acetylcysteine (NAC) may be beneficial in this disease. The activity of this antioxidant was examined on bleomycin-induced lung damage, mucus secretory cells hyperplasia and mucin Muc5ac gene expression in rats. NAC (3 mmol·kg−1·day−1) or saline was given orally to Sprague-Dawley rats for 1 week prior to a single intratracheal instillation of bleomycin (2.5 U·kg−1) and for 14 days postinstillation. NAC decreased collagen deposition in bleomycin-exposed rats (hydroxyproline content was 4,257±323 and 3,200±192 µg·lung−1 in vehicle- and NAC‐treated rats, respectively) and lessened the fibrotic area assessed by morphometric analysis. The bleomycin-induced increases in lung tumour necrosis factor‐α and myeloperoxidase activity were reduced by NAC treatment. The numbers of mucus secretory cells in airway epithelium, and the Muc5ac messenger ribonucleic acid and protein expression, were markedly augmented in rats exposed to bleomycin. These changes were significantly reduced in NAC‐treated rats. These results indicate that bleomycin increases the number of airway secretory cells and their mucin production, and that oral N‐acetylcysteine improved pulmonary lesions and reduced the mucus hypersecretion in the bleomycin rat model.


Vinpocetine is an eburnamenine derivative reported to protect the brain from ischemia, both in experimental animals and in man. Its effects have been directly compared to those of vincamine, phenytoin, and cinnarizine in the Fisher rat following bilateral carotid artery occlusion (BCAO). Upon acute b.i.d. administration (25–100 mg/kg i.p.), both vinpocetine and vincamine significantly increased latency to ischemic convulsion in a dose‐related manner, but neither drug significatly affected survival time. Neither phenytoin nor cinnarizine (25–100 mg/kg, b.i.d.) significantly altered latency to convulsions or survival time. After daily dosing for 5 days, vinpocetine, but none of the other drugs, caused a dose‐related increase in the latency to ischemic convulsion. Vinpocetine's effects occurred at lower doses (25 and 50 mg/kg/day) after subchronic administration than after acute administration. Vinpocetine (25 mg/kg/day) and cinnarizine (100 mg/kg/day) also increased survival time. These results are consistent with other experimental and clinical studies demonstrating a protective effect of vinpocetine against cerebral ischemia and further show that vinpocetine's activity is maintained during repeated administration.


The present invention discloses a method for preparing a photovoltaic material CdSxSey . (1) to the 5mL? 0.04 ~ 0.05mol / L? Na2SeO3 solution was added 0.1079 ~ 0.1349g? KBH4, water bath 30 ~ 40 ℃, to obtain A stirred solution. (2) to 5mL0.04 ~ 0.05mol / L? Cd (NO3) was added 0.0394 ~ 0.0789g citrate formulated in solution B 2 solution. (3) A mixed solution of solution B was added 0.0152 ~ 0.0229g? CH4N2S dissolved to obtain a solution C. (4) C solution was reacted at 120 ~ 160 ℃ incubator for 8 to 10 hours to give CdSxSey colloid, where x = 0.43 ~ 0.48, y = 0.52 ~ 0.57; (5) the CdSxSey colloid as cooled at 0 ℃ ice-water bath gel, ITO conductive glass heat-treated at 90 ℃ 20 minutes as the thermal mass, cold, hot applied alternately applied in the method CdSxSey ITO conductive surface, smear time of 1 minute; ~ 2 was repeated 5 times. The present invention is low in cost, processing time is short, the process is simple, non-polluting, the resulting material has good photoelectric CdSxSey optoelectronic properties.


The application of converted-wave seismic method in hydrocarbon exploration has increased significantly. Since the conventional seismic ceases to provide an adequate result in complex geology area and it provides an ambiguous brightspot response. The main principle is that an incident P-wave produces reflected and converted P and SV wave when the downgoing P-wave impinges on an interface. Converted-wave seismic uses the multicomponent receiver that records both of vertical component and horizontal component. The vertical component is assumed to correspond to the compressional PP wave and the horizontal correspond to the PS converted-wave. In this research, a synthetic model with the shallow gas and the salt dome below are constructed. The purpose of this study is to analyze the brightspot due to the presence of shallow gas and its effect to the quality of PP and PS wave reflection below the gas zone. To achieve the goal, both vertical and horizontal seismic data processing are performed. In horizontal data processing, the best gamma function (Vp/Vs) value is estimated to produce the better and reliable image. The result shows that the brightspot response in conventional data doesn't exist in converted-wave data and the imaging below the gas zone in converted-wave data is better than the conventional due to the attenuation and diffraction effect that caused by gas column. Processing is followed by AVO analysis to compare the AVO response of PP and PS data in characterizing gas reservoir. Both PP and PS AVO curve shows the consistency with synthetic AVO from well data. Gas reservoir is a class 1 AVO anomaly with positive intercept and negative gradient on PP data. However, PS AVO curve does not refer any anomaly. It is because S-wave is not sensitive to the existence of rock saturant.


Diagnostics of hereditary diseases is one of the important tasks of the perinatal center (PC) team. Functioning conditions of PC pediatric departments allow to verify the diagnosis early, so doctors and parents of a child can receive complete information about the state of his health and development prognosis as early as possible. Over the past year, researchers observed two newborns with Joubert syndrome (JS). The difficulty in JS diagnosing is the incomplete implementation of clinical symptoms or even their absence during the neonatal period. In newborns, this diagnosis can only be made with brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and consulting a geneticist. Symptoms in this pathology differ in their severity when examining older children. Apnea, oculomotor disorders, muscle hypotonia, hearing disorders are more common, and sometimes there may be delayed intellectual development. JS is diagnosed on the basis of neurological examination, brain MRI, molecular genetic studies. In the literature, there were no description of JS in newborns. Diagnostic criteria for JS can be defined as oculomotor disorders, muscle hypotension, and respiratory failure. The opportunity to consult specialists – a neurologist, geneticist, ophthalmologist, ultrasound examinations as quickly as possible, determination of tactics of further examination and management of the child will increase the detection of genetic diseases, including JS, at the earliest stage of observation.


The Sniffin' Sticks 12‐identification test (SIT‐12) is the most commonly applied Danish olfaction screening tool; however, it has never been validated in a Danish population. The screening score depends on familiarity with descriptors, which is strongly influenced by linguistic and cultural factors, why validation is mandatory. This study aimed to validate the SIT‐12 in a Danish population.


The present article deals with a comparative study of Spanish and Polish phraseological units which contain a human body word. A classification proposal in the frame of Conceptual Metaphor Theory is offered from five human body words: mouth, face, hand, eye and foot as part of idioms. The aims are to contribute to clarifying the motivation and idiomacity of some phraseological units as well as point to further applications in translation.


Objective To explore the effect of comprehensive healthy educational mode on the improving hypertensive patients' safety awareness of using thiazide diuretics.Methods Totals of 232 patients with hypertension were randomly divided into control group (n =123 ) and experiment goup (n =109 ) by odd even number of admission.All patients taken indapamide 2.5 mg/d and received the routine hypertensive nursing,while experiment group received the comprehensive healthy educational mode included extra health education,daily health,surroundings environment,mental health education,master of nutrition and dietetics,especially on safety using thiazide diuretics.Biochemical indexes and incidence of adverse events were observed before and after intervention six months.Results After intervention six months,among control group,the blood pressure [(129.63 ±10.06) vs (140.17 ±11.67)mm Hg,(77.71 ±7.01) vs (87.12 ±9.08)mm Hg)],serum uric acid [ (425.21 ±61.77) vs (331.37 ±71.26)umoi/L] and potassium [ (3.73 ±0.28) vs (4.23 ±0.41) mmol/L] were significantly different than that of before intervention (t =2.83,3.17,3.84,3.12,respectively; P< 0.05 ),and no significant difference was found in others indexes (P > 0.05 ).Among experiment group,after intervention six months,systolic blood pressure [ ( 130.42 ± 10.14) vs ( 142.46 ±12.77)mm Hg]and diastolic blood pressure [ (78.43 ±8.14) vs (88.21±9.04)mm Hg] compared with that before intervention,and the difference was statistically significant ( t =3.21,2.91,respectively; P < 0.05 ),and no significant difference was found in others indexes ( P > 0.05 ).There were 13 cases ( 10.57% ) had hypokalemia in control group and that of one case ( 0.9% ) in experiment goup,and the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05 ).Conclusions Comprehensive healthy education can effectively improve the awareness of safety using thiazide diuretics and self management of patients and reduce the incidence of side effects,which has much practical value in clinic application.

Key words:
Hypertensive ;  Thiazide(diuretics) ;  Educational mode


DVD is a high tech product having stepped into the new millennium.Huge capacity and high quality are its most outstanding technical characters.It is arousing a revolution among information storage mediums and will become a new medium for library collections.


The invention provides an RDMA and HTM based distributed concurrency control method. The method comprises: step 1: selecting an executive server according to data required to be accessed by a program; step 2: obtaining remote data required to be accessed by the program through the selected server and protecting the remote data; and step 3: reading all remote data, caching the remote data to the executive server, and executing the program in HTM. According to the invention, a mixed concurrency control method and the protection of the program on local and distributed data access is realized by utilizing characteristics of HTM and RDMA. For transactional support of an existing database system, the overhead of concurrency control can be reduced, the throughput of the database system can be increased, and the delay of database transaction execution can be shortened. The resource utilization rate of the database system is increased and the performance of store application services is improved, so that considerable social benefits and economic benefits can be achieved.


Direct democracy and representative democracy are definitely in the extreme ends of the political spectrum, when talking to the imagination about political institutions. Due to the complexities and amounts of public affair, representative democracy becomes the most popular political institution. However, when representative democracy is over-developed, the ignorance of public actions is not only retarded the self-development of citizens, but also harmful to the stability of the political institutions. Among the critics of representative democracy, Jean-Jacques Rousseau is the most outstanding one. His direct democracy greatly influence latter scholars and politicians. So I try to observe the political theories of G. D. H. Cole, Carole Pateman and Benjamin Barber, to see how and to what degree they are influenced by Rousseau. Hoping these forms of participatory democracy: workplace democracy, Guild Socialism and Strong Democracy, can inspire modern people to think about a kind of different political institution which can allow citizens to care more, participate more.


In the Late Qing,China experienced detective fiction translation upsurge.However,this translation phenomenon is undervalued in translation studies.The Late Qing translators are often accused of being unfaithful to the original and ignorant of western culture.The research on the translation of Late Qing's detective fiction should take the influence of social and cultural environment on translators into consideration.


Objective To assess the effectiveness of ultrasonographic guided transvaginal ovarian interstitial laser treatment in anovulatory patients with polycystic ovary syndrome(PCOS).Methods Twenty-three PCOS women with clomiphene citrate-resistant who suffered from ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome in previous ovulation induction with gonadotrophin underwent transvaginal ovarian interstitial laser treatment.By means of 17 G/35 cm needle,a fibre-optical of 400 μm in diameter was carried and 3-4 points of coagulation were done in each ovary.The monitoring items included serum LH/FSH ratio,the testosterone (T) level,the number of subcapsular follicles,spontaneous ovulation rate and pregnancy rate.Results Spontaneous ovulation and menstruation occurred regularly in 19 out of 22 patients ( 86.4% ) during six postoperative months(1 case failure to follow up).The mean serum LH and T monitored duing postoperative 2nd,4th and 6th month were ( 4.62 ± 1.47 ) IU/L and ( 2.46 ± 1.63 ) nmol/L respectively,significantly lower than those of preoperative ( 13.89 ± 3.62 ) IU/L and ( 5.37 ± 3.09 ) nmol/L,P 0.001 ; The mean LH/FSH ratio of 0.87 ± 0.19 was significantly (P 0.001 ) lower than that of preoperative 2.78 ± 1.21 .The number of subcapsular follicles in unilateral ovary was 15.85 ± 3.97 ,greatly less than that of preoperative ( 25.35 ± 5.76 ,P 0.001 ).With 36.3% (8/22) of pregnancy rate,the singleton pregnancy occurred in 8 women.Conclusions Ultrasound-guided transvaginal ovarian interstitial laser treatment appears effective in improving hormonal paramet and inducing ovulation and successful pregnancy in women with clomiphene-resistant PCOS.


Digital printing technology (DPT) represents a core innovation that is currently revolutionizing the global decorated apparel market by automating printing process, facilitating customization, and reducing energy and production lead time. However, the fundamental understanding of the emerging DPT market remains unexplored due to its novelty. This study aims to identify DPT diffusion patterns over the past decade in the U.S. market and establish a predictive user profile using social media based data analytics along with data mining and traditional statistical modeling. The visualized DPT diffusion pattern depicts an s-shaped curve, which highlight the propensity that as new technology evolves over time. Additionally, the outcome profile suggests that likely DPT adopters reside in locations that reflect higher levels of education (bachelor's degrees or higher), relatively young populations (i.e., between 19-34 years of age), proportionately higher incomes generated from art and design occupations, but lower levels of household incomes.


Significance mAbs directed to inhibitory immune receptors represent a very promising class of immunotherapeutics. This study suggests a potential mechanism of action of ipilimumab (a fully human anti–cytotoxic T lymphocyte–associated antigen 4), by which FcγRIIIA (CD16)-expressing nonclassical monocytes kill regulatory T cells ex vivo via antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity. Notably, at baseline, responder patients display significantly higher peripheral frequencies of nonclassical monocytes and a selective enrichment in tumor-infiltrating CD68+CD16+ macrophages compared with nonresponder patients. If further confirmed, these findings may contribute to the generation of predictive biomarker panels, antibody design, and the development of rational combination therapies to promote antitumor immunity. Enhancing immune responses with immune-modulatory monoclonal antibodies directed to inhibitory immune receptors is a promising modality in cancer therapy. Clinical efficacy has been demonstrated with antibodies blocking inhibitory immune checkpoints such as cytotoxic T lymphocyte–associated antigen 4 (CTLA-4) or PD-1/PD-L1. Treatment with ipilimumab, a fully human CTLA-4–specific mAb, showed durable clinical efficacy in metastatic melanoma; its mechanism of action is, however, only partially understood. This is a study of 29 patients with advanced cutaneous melanoma treated with ipilimumab. We analyzed peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and matched melanoma metastases from 15 patients responding and 14 not responding to ipilimumab by multicolor flow cytometry, antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC) assay, and immunohistochemistry. PBMCs and matched tumor biopsies were collected 24 h before (i.e., baseline) and up to 4 wk after ipilimumab. Our findings show, to our knowledge for the first time, that ipilimumab can engage ex vivo FcγRIIIA (CD16)-expressing, nonclassical monocytes resulting in ADCC-mediated lysis of regulatory T cells (Tregs). In contrast, classical CD14++CD16− monocytes are unable to do so. Moreover, we show that patients responding to ipilimumab display significantly higher baseline peripheral frequencies of nonclassical monocytes compared with nonresponder patients. In the tumor microenvironment, responders have higher CD68+/CD163+ macrophage ratios at baseline and show decreased Treg infiltration after treatment. Together, our results suggest that anti–CTLA-4 therapy may target Tregs in vivo. Larger translational studies are, however, warranted to substantiate this mechanism of action of ipilimumab in patients.


Crizanlizumab Prevents Sickle Cell Pain Crises In a randomized trial of patients with sickle cell disease recently published in New England Journal of Medicine, the P-selectin inhibitor crizanlizumab resulted in a significantly lower rate of disease-related pain crises than placebo. Hydroxyurea is currently the only drug that modifies the natural history of the disease, but it doesn't prevent pain crises. The phase 2 trial assigned 198 patients with sickle cell disease in a 1:1:1 ratio to receive low-dose crizanlizumab (2.5 mg/kg of body weight), high-dose crizanlizumab (5.0 mg/kg), or placebo administered intravenously 14 times over 52 weeks. Approximately 40% of patients in each group were receiving concomitant hydroxyurea. In the intention-to-treat analysis, patients in the high-dose crizanlizumab group had a 45.3% lower rate of pain crises annually relative to placebo (median 1.63 vs 2.98) and the low-dose crizanlizumab group had a 32.6% lower rate of pain crises compared with placebo. The median time to the first crisis was significantly longer with highdose crizanlizumab than with placebo (4.07 vs 1.38 months), as was the median time to the second crisis (10.32 vs 5.09 months). Patients receiving high-dose crizanlizumab who were not taking concomitant hydroxyurea had a 50.0% lower annual crisis rate than did those taking placebo. The group that received high-dose crizanlizumab and hydroxyurea had a 32.1% lower crisis rate than the placebo group. The annual crisis rate was lower with high-dose crizanlizumab relative to placebo regardless of sickle cell genotype. Adverse events (arthalgia, diarrhea, pruritus, vomiting, and chest pain) occurred in 10% or more of the patients in the activetreatment group and at a frequency that was higher than in the placebo group.


Herein, we report an emission wavelength control technique for self-assembled InAs quantum dots (QDs) grown via molecular beam epitaxy using an As2 source (As2-QDs). The As2-QDs exhibited photoluminescence with a shorter center wavelength and larger bandwidth than those of the QDs grown using an As4 source. In addition, the emission center wavelength could be controlled by adjusting the time between the growth and capping of the As2-QDs. We utilized the multilayer stack of emission-wavelength-controlled As2-QDs to fabricate an electrically-driven light source and demonstrated its broadband (approximately 130 nm) emission in the 1–1.3 μm wavelength range.


Today nucleate boiling is widely used in numerous industria l applications such as cooling processes because of the high achieved heat transfer rat es for low temperature differences. It remains a possible cooling solution for the next generation of central processing units (CPU), which dissipate heat fluxes exceedi ng the capabilities of today's conventional forced air cooling. However, nucleate b oiling is a very complex and elusive process involving many mechanisms which are not ful ly understood yet and a comprehensive model is still missing. For this study a new experimental setup was designed, constr ucted and commissioned to investigate bubble nucleation, growth, departure and in teraction during nucleate pool boiling from a silicon device fully immersed in fluorinert FC -72. The location of bubble nucleation is controlled by artificial cavities etched i nto the silicon substrate. Boiling is initiated with a heater integrated on the back and micr o-sensors indicate the wall temperature at the bubble nucleation site. During this work th ee different silicon test section designs were fabricated and boiling experiments on these substrates successfully conducted. Bubble growth, bubble departure frequencies and bubble dep arture diameters for different dimensioned artificial cavities, varied pressure an d increasing wall temperature were measured from high-speed imaging sequences. Bubble in teractions like vertical and horizontal coalescence were visualised and their impac t on the boiling heat transfer investigated. The influence of spacing between two neigh bouring artificial cavities on bubble nucleation and departure frequencies, vertical c oalescence frequencies and departure diameters was analysed. The acquired data are used as input for a numerical code devel oped by our collaborators (Brunel University, UK and Los Alamos National Laborat ries, USA) and are a first step to validate the code. The code studies the interact ions between bubble nucleation sites on solid surfaces as a network. The simulatio ns will help design boiling substrates utilised for chip cooling applications with opt imal artificial cavity distribution to maximise the cooling heat transfer.


Delicately referencing a family's past while offering a setting for contemporary living, this spiralling home is a creative response to a challenging site.


Recent research in other disciplines suggests that range (i.e., a broad base of experience in more than one domain) may lead to higher performance under certain conditions. We apply this idea in the context of auditing, examining how audit partner range impacts audit outcomes and how industry overlap might moderate those effects in the setting of public company and nonprofit organization audits. Specifically, we consider audit partners straddling these two economic sectors, i.e. auditing clients in both sectors, as they are subject to a variety of auditing standards and regulatory regimes. Approximately six (ten) percent of individual partners conducting public company (nonprofit organization) audits are "straddlers." Analyzing audit outcomes from 2015 to 2018, we find that overall, straddling has a negative impact on audit outcomes as measured by restatements for public company clients, material weakness reporting for nonprofit clients, and audit report lag for all clients. However, for public companies, we find that straddling clients within the same industry improves restatement likelihood and going concern reporting while moderating the negative effect of straddling on audit report lag. In nonprofit audits, the negative effects of straddling are exacerbated in going concern reporting with industry overlap but moderated in internal control reporting and audit report lag. These findings extend our understanding of the role of audit partner experience across economic sectors and auditing standards.


Which intensity of physical activity (PA) is associated with type 2 diabetes (T2D) prevention remains unclear. Isotemporal substitution models assess the relationship of replacing the amount of time spent in one activity for another. We aimed to assess T2D incidence associated with light-to-moderate physical activity (LMPA) and vigorous physical activity (VPA) using isotemporal substitution models of one hour (1 h) sitting by 1 h of LMPA or VPA. Furthermore, we evaluated the effect on T2D of an isotemporal substitution of 1 h sitting by 1 h of slow (light physical activity) or brisk–very brisk walking (moderate physical activity). In total, 20,060 participants (both sexes) of the SUN cohort (Spain) initially free of T2D followed-up during a median of 12 years were included. Cox regression models were fitted to assess the association between the substitution of 1 h LMPA, VPA, slow and brisk–very brisk pace by 1 h sitting and T2D. The replacement of 1 h sitting time by 1 h of VPA was associated with an adjusted HR of 0.52 (95% CI: 0.34–0.80), not observed for the substitution by 1 h of LMPA (HR 0.93; 95% CI: 0.73–1.20). An apparent inverse association was observed for the replacement of 1 h sitting time by 1 h of brisk/very brisk walking (HR: 0.69; 95% CI: 0.46–1.04), not observed by 1 h of slow pace. From equal conditions of duration and frequency of PA, the higher the intensity of PA, the greater the T2D prevention.


This paper investigates the efficiency case for fixed-price, demand-side contracts in a Fischer-Gray type of macro model with information costs. A simple market-clearing macro model with market-clearing costs in both labour and goods markets is presented first, then predetermined-wage contracts into the labour market are introduced. Contracts involving a demand-side rule are compared with the market- clearing system as well as alternative contracts based upon either supply-side or predetermined-quantity rules. Finally, the case where the wage rate and the price level are both predetermined while output is determined by aggregated demand is considered. Salaires et prix contractuels dans un modele macro-e'conomique quand des couts d'information existent. Ce memoire examine l'efficacite de contrats a prix fixe dans un modele macro-economique A la Fischer-Gray quand des cofits d'information existent. La preniiere section du memoire presente un modele simple qui tient compte explicitement des cofits de l'operation du marche tant dans le marche des biens que dans celui du travail. La seconde section introduit des salaires contractuels predetermines dans le marche du travail. Les auteurs comparent les resultats d'un tel arrangement dans le cas oii le niveau d'emploi est determine par la demande de travail, par l'offre de travail, ou est simplement pre-determine. La troisieme section examine le cas oiu le taux de salaire et le niveau des prix sont definis contractuellement alors que le niveau de production est determine par la demande agregee. In order to explain movements of employment and output over the business cycle, much of short-run macro-economic analysis has been based on the assumption of sticky or predetermined money prices. Models incorporating sticky prices have also tended to assume demand side quantity rules. That is, if the wage rate is predetermined, employment is assumed to be determined by


Objective To analyze coronary angiographic findings in patients with coronary heart disease(CHD) and abnormal glucose metabolism and to evaluate the influence of abnormal glucose metabolism on PCI and in-hospital outcomes.Methods One hundred and eighty-four patients with abnormal glucose metabolism and 147 patients with normal glucose metabolism were analyzed retrospectively.Baseline demographics and coronary angiographic findings in both groups were analyzed.Rates of angiographic success,procedural success and clinical success were analyzed and Logistic regression was performed to model the association between abnormal glucose metabolism status and clinical outcomes. Results Multi-vessel diseases were more prevalent in patients with abnormal glucose metabolism than in patients with normal glucose metabolism.Vessel lesions in patients with abnormal glucose metabolism were more diffuse,severe and complex and more small vessels involved than those in patients with normal glucose metabolism(P0.05).The angiography success rate,procedural success rate and clinical success rate showed no significant difference between the two groups(91.8% vs.93.9%,88.0% vs.91.8% and 85.3% vs.90.5% respectively,all P0.05).Logistic regression analysis showed that abnormal glucose metabolism was not an independent predictor of in-hospital events for patients having received PCI(OR=0.999,95%IC: 0.242~9.172,P0.05). Conclusions Coronary artery lesions in patients with abnormal glucose metabolism are more severe and complicated than those in patients with normal glucose metabolism.Abnormal glucose metabolism is not an independent predictor of adverse in-hospital outcomes in patients who underwent PCI.


An automated irrigation system was developed to optimize water usage for agricultural crops. The system has a distributed wireless network of soil moisture, humidity and temperature sensors placed in the root zone of plants. A central control unit handles sensor information, triggers actuators and transmit data on the internet so the user can monitor the field in real time from any remote location. An algorithm was developed depending on the threshold values of the soil moisture, humidity and temperature and is programmed into the central control unit to control the quantity of water fed to the field for irrigation. The whole system is powered by solar energy. Sensing unit and central control unit are connected with each other via a wireless link. Because of low energy consumption, low cost, and energy autonomy, the system have potential to be useful in water-limited geographically isolated areas.


EY has announced an agreement with Society Consulting, an analytics and big data consulting firm, in order to enhance digital experiences for clients.


A rotation, scale and translation invariant pattern recognition technique is proposed.It is based on Fourier- Mellin Descriptors (FMD). Each FMD is taken as an independent feature of the object, and a set of those features forms a signature. FMDs are naturally rotation invariant. Translation invariance is achieved through pre- processing. A proper normalization of the FMDs gives the scale invariance property. This approach offers the double advantage of providing invariant signatures of the objects, and a dramatic reduction of the amount of data to process. The compressed invariant feature signature is next presented to a multi-layered perceptron neural network. This final step provides some robustness to the classification of the signatures, enabling good recognition behavior under anamorphically scaled distortion. We also present an original feature extraction technique, adapted to optical calculation of the FMDs. A prototype optical set-up was built, and experimental results are presented.


Taking advantage of the concurrent stretching and bending property of corrugated flexure hinges, a sinusoidal corrugated flexure linkage was proposed and applied for the construction of a corrugated dual-axial mechanism with structural symmetry and decoupled planar motion guidance. Castigliano's second theorem was employed to derive the complete compliance for a basic sinusoidal corrugated flexure unit, and matrix-based compliance modeling was then applied to find the stiffness of the sinusoidal corrugated flexure linkage and the corrugated dual-axial mechanism. Using established analytical models, the influence of structural parameters on the stiffness of both the corrugated flexure linkage and the dual-axial mechanism were investigated, with further verification by finite element analysis, with errors less than 20% compared to the analytical results for all cases. In addition, the stiffness of the corrugated flexure mechanism was practically tested, and its deviation between practical and analytical was around 7.4%. Further, the feasibility of the mechanism was demonstrated by successfully applying it for a magnetic planar nanopositioning stage, for which both open-loop and closed-loop performances were systematically examined. The stage has a stroke around 130 μm for the two axes and a maximum cross-talk less than 2.5%, and the natural frequency is around 590 Hz.


A new class of nonparametric nonconforming quadrilateral finite elements is introduced which has the midpoint continuity and the mean value continuity at the interfaces of elements simul- taneously as the rectangular DSSY element (J. Douglas, Jr., J.E. Santos, D. Sheen and X. Ye, ESAIM: M2AN 33 (1999) 747-770.) The parametric DSSY element for general quadrilaterals requires five de- grees of freedom to have an optimal order of convergence (Z. Cai, J. Douglas, Jr., J.E. Santos, D. Sheen and X. Ye, Calcolo 37 (2000) 253-254.), while the new nonparametric DSSY elements require only four degrees of freedom. The design of new elements is based on the decomposition of a bilinear transform into a simple bilinear map followed by a suitable affine map. Numerical results are presented to compare the new elements with the parametric DSSY element. Mathematics Subject Classification. 65N30.


Within the disabled community, there are many that enjoy the sport of sailing. To a disabled person, the experience of sailing on the open water can feel liberating, while providing meaningful and entertaining recreation. However, certain disabilities restrict one's capacity to function as a member of a sailing crew.Copyright © 2013 by ASME


The purpose of this research were: (1) To knew the effect of higher octane number on gasoline type to torque and engine power on Suzuki Shogun FL 125 SP 2007 motorcycle. (2) To knew the effect 10.2:1 high compression ratio on compression ratio variation to torque and engine power on Suzuki Shogun FL 125 SP 2007 motorcycle. (3) To knew the effect higher octane number on gasoline type and 10.2:1 high compression ratio on compression ratio variation to torque and engine power on Suzuki Shogun FL 125 SP 2007 motorcycle. This research used experimental method and the techniques of data analysis used descriptive data analysis. Based on this research can be concluded: (1) The higher octane number on gasoline type influenced of  torque and engine power on Suzuki Shogun FL 125 SP 2007 motorcycle. (2) 10.2:1 high compression ratio on compression ratio variation type influenced of  torque and engine power on Suzuki Shogun FL 125 SP 2007 motorcycle. Torque and engine power was decreased on 9.1:1  low compression ratio (2 gaskets) and 8.7:1  compression ratio (3 gaskets). (3) The higher octane number on gasoline type and 10.2:1 high compression ratio on compression ratio variation  influenced of  torque and engine power on Suzuki Shogun FL 125 SP 2007 motorcycle. (4) With used pertamax plus on 10.2:1 compression ratio can producted optimum torque 10.24 N.m at 5000 rpm and optimum engine power 9.8 HP at 7646 rpm on Suzuki Shogun FL 125 SP 2007 motorcycle.


We study rare events in networks with both internal and external noise, and develop a general formalism for analyzing rare events that combines pair-quenched techniques and large-deviation theory. The probability distribution, shape, and time scale of rare events are considered in detail for extinction in the Susceptible-Infected-Susceptible model as an illustration. We find that when both types of noise are present, there is a crossover region as the network size is increased, where the probability exponent for large deviations no longer increases linearly with the network size. We demonstrate that the form of the crossover depends on whether the endemic state is localized near the epidemic threshold or not.


SUGGESTED CITATION: Frederick, P., C. Green. 2019. GoMAMN Strategic Bird Monitoring Guidelines: Wading Birds. Pages 203-228 in R. R. Wilson, A. M. V. Fournier, J. S. Gleason, J. E. Lyons, and M. S. Woodrey (Editors), Strategic Bird Monitoring Guidelines for the Northern Gulf of Mexico. Mississippi Agricultural and Forestry Experiment Station Research Bulletin 1228, Mississippi State University. 324 pp. Roseate Spoonbill (Platalea ajaja). Photo credit: Keenan Adams Strategic Bird Monitoring Guidelines for the Northern Gulf of Mexico


Addressing issues of political tribalism in Kuwait, the study reported here examined the political role of tribes in Kuwait, particularly to determine why badū tribespeople in Kuwait have shifted from being the regime's political ally to its political opponent. To that end, a survey questionnaire was created and distributed to 696 badū individuals living in Kuwait. The results suggest that most badū in Kuwait agree with the political opposition's agenda and feel excluded, marginalised, powerless, deprived of equal social justice, and deliberately targeted by certain local media networks. Furthermore, most badū sampled agreed that parliamentary elections are an effective way to exercise their political influence and that their tribes provide them with social protection as well as political power.


Objective:To compare ocular dimensions measured with CT in vivo and with vernier caliper for enucleated eyes, and the significance of ocular dimension measurement with CT was assessed. Methods:The ocular dimensions of 15 eyes were measured with CT before eye enucleating, and the enucleated eyes were measured with vernier caliper.The comparison of measurement was evaluated.Results:The anteroposterior dimension and horizontal dimension was 25.37±1.38mm and 25.26±1.70mm respectively with CT measurement,24.95±1.27mm and 24.93±1.63mm respectively with vernier caliper.There was no significant differences(P0.05).Conclusion:Formation of ocular image with CT examination could be two-dimensional simultaneously. It was audio-visual, clear and comparatively accurate. The CT measurement for ocular dimensions was an effective method. [FK(WB80011。5]


The vortical motion of fluid in various scales is one of the most important elements in capturing the vivid realism of turbulent water. However, it is still challenging to resolve mul- ti-level vorticity effectively. This paper presents a novel hybrid method that combines a smoothed particle hydrodynamics (SPH) system with multiple Eulerian grids to reproduce the multi-level vorticity. In our hybrid method, the SPH system is responsible for resolving flow velocity while the multiple grids support the SPH system in efficiently detecting and computing the multi-level vor- ticity field.


A new approximate solution has been proposed for di ff usional growth and dissolution of cylindrical precipitates, for which practical exact solutions and useful approximate solutions are not available. The present approximation uses the solutions of the invariant fi eld (steady state) approximation and the mass conservation conditions. The present approximation is compared with the numerical simulations based on the fi nite di ff erence equation considering the moving boundary. It is shown that the agreement between the present approximation and the numerical simulation results is good for growth and dissolution of cylindrical precipitates. [doi:10.2320 / matertrans.MT-M2021178]


JUST like the rest of his classmates, Clement Ooi enjoys going to class. Clement, who is autistic, attends specially tailored IT classes three times a week and once he finishes in February next year, he w i l l obtain a Malaysian Skills Certificate (SKM). His mother Annie Kam said Clement likes working with computers. "Previously, his knowledge of computers was more on searching for his interests on YouTube but now that he has learnt how to use Microsoft Office tools to make PowerPoint presentations and develop websites, I can see him practising his new skills at home," she said. Like Clement, Janet Lee said her son, Tay Kuan Ting who is a slow learner and dyslexic, loves to attend the classes which are being held at Sunway University. "He travels here by himself or he w i l l ask Annie who lives near us, for a ride. " I can see the improvement in his character and how he enjoys using Microsoft Word to type out the song lyrics he likes," she said. Both Kam and Lee hope that the programme initiated under the Performance Management and Delivery Unit (Pemandu) can continue. "Perhaps Pemandu can look into providing employment too. They are able to handle data processing with supervision as they are hardworking and don't complain," said Kam. Lee said she is thankful to Pemandu and Sunway for ensuring that youth with special needs are given opportunities to learn and gain employment.


In this paper, we mainly derive monotonicity formula of generalized map using conservation law, including $\phi$-$F$ harmonic map coupled with $\phi$-$F$ symphonic map with $m$ form and potential from metric measure space, $ p $ harmonic map with potential , $ V $ harmonic map with potential. As an corollary, we can derive Liouville theorem for these maps under some finite energy conditons. We also get Liouville type theorem for $\phi$-$F$ harmonic map coupled with $\phi$-$F$ symphonic map under asymptotic conditon on metric measure space. We also get Liouville theorem for $\phi$-$F$-$V$-harmonic maps in terms of the upper bound of Ricci curvature and the bound about sectional curvature on metric measure space. We also get Liouville theorem for $\phi$-$ F $-harmonic map without using monotonicity formula on metric measure space.


the method of extruding the molten metal into a cooling medium(2). However, a difficulty is that the molten metals and alloys tend to evaporate or disintegrate, b fore solidification takes place during the process of spinning. This method has been limited for metals having a low melting point and the tensile strength of the filaments by this method has been reported at 11.2kg/mm2 for aluminum, 38kg/mm2 for copper and 1.9kg/mm2 for lead(3). To overcome this difficulty, a method in which the molten metal is glass-coated during the spinning(4) isintroduced and the automatic technique for this has been developed by Ulitovskiy(5). He obtained the filaments having a tensile strength of 295kg/mm2 for iron and 246kg/mm2 for manganin. The filament of such a high strength is of interest from the standpoint of the physics of strength of materials as well as for practical use. The authors studied the glass coated melt spinning of copper (6), iron (7) and other metals(8). In this paper, the strength of the filaments of copper and iron will be reported.


To the extent that many people seek and maintain a suntan because they believe it makes them more attractive, people who are particularly motivated to make good impressions on others or to be seen as physically attractive are at increased risk for skin cancer. This study examined cognitive, motivational, and attitudinal predictors of two factors that are associated with increased risk for skin cancer: engaging in behaviors that increase one's exposure to UV radiation and inadequate use of sunscreen. Self-presentational motives involving a concern for one's personal appearance and the belief that being tan enhances one's attractiveness were the strongest predictors of the degree to which respondents exposed themselves to natural and artificial sources of UV radiation. Sunscreen use was best predicted by knowing someone with skin cancer. Implications for attempts to promote safe-sun practices are discussed.


Motivated by an epidemic spur in developing sustainable polymers, we report here a series of biobased random rubbery copolymers from β-myrcene and dibutyl itaconate, which have the potential to substitute commercial rubbers. These were prepared by an environmentally benign emulsion polymerization method. The copolymers had predominately 1,4 -cis and -trans-polymyrcene in their microstructure and molecular weight in the range of 13, 330–64, 700 Da. The copolymers displayed a subambient glass transition temperature between −60.3 to −33.5 °C depending on the weight percent of β-myrcene. Morphological studies unveil random placement of the two phases in the copolymer. The copolymers also showed reasonably good thermal stability over the individual homopolymers and pseudoplastic flow behavior. Monitoring of the polymerization reaction at different times and temperatures revealed a first order reaction pathway. A plausible mechanistic insight into the emulsion copolymerization was provided. The reactivity ratio...


Changes in concentrations of ammonium, nitrite, nitrate, and oxygen suggested the occurrence of significant nitrification throughout the water column of mesotrophic Lake St. George, Ontario, during the winter months from 1976 to 1984. The existence of nitrapyrin- and acetylene-sensitive 14C-bicarbonate incorporation confirmed that bacterial nitrification occurred. During late January to early March (water temperature 2–3 °C), nitrification occurred at an average rate of about 13 μg N∙L−1∙d−1 for the years studied. Numbers of detectable nitrifying bacteria appeared too low (by 2 to 4 orders of magnitude) to account for the observed activity. The nitrification activity observed would result in average oxygen consumption amounting to 71% of the observed oxygen depletion. This shows that winter nitrification can be an important factor in promoting oxygen depletion and possibly winter-kill of fish.


This study develops a reliability-based fragility method to predict the roof damage for contemporary houses in non-cyclonic regions of Australia. The overloading of roof connections is considered as the limit state, and deemed to cause the roof sheeting loss and roof truss failures. A finite element method is employed to evaluate the wind uplift forces in roof connections. The finite element model consists of metal roof sheets and battens, timber roof trusses, wall top plates, and the cladding-tobatten, batten-to-rafter/truss and rafter/truss-to-wall connections. The finite element method is able to capture the load sharing and redistribution of the roof system. A Monte Carlo simulation in conjunction with the finite element method are employed to conduct the wind fragility assessment, which enables the probabilistic characterization of wind demands, uplift capacities and structural response for roof connections. The proposed fragility method is illustrated on a representative contemporary house built in suburbs of Brisbane and Melbourne. At a 500-year gust wind speed, considerable damage to roof cladding and trusses is predicted for the representative contemporary house in Brisbane with windward wall dominant openings.


Precision spectroscopy of atoms and molecules allows one to search for and to put stringent limits on the variation of fundamental constants. These experiments are typically interpreted in terms of variations of the fine structure constant α and the electron‐to‐proton mass ratio μ=me/mp . Atomic spectroscopy is usually less sensitive to other fundamental constants, unless the hyperfine structure of atomic levels is studied. However, the number of possible dimensionless constants increases when allowed for fast variations of the constants, where "fast" is determined by the time scale of the response of the studied species or experimental apparatus used. In this case, the relevant dimensionless quantity is, for example, the ratio me/⟨me⟩ and ⟨me⟩ is the time average. In this sense, one may say that the experimental signal depends on the variation of dimensionful constants ( me in this example).


Chassis system components such as dampers have a significant impact on vehicle stability, driving safety, and driving comfort. Therefore, monitoring and diagnosing the defects of these components is necessary. Currently, this task is based on the driver's perception of component defects in series production vehicles, even though model-based approaches in the literature exist. As we observe an increased availability of data in modern vehicles and advances in the field of deep learning, this paper deals with the analysis of the performance of Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN) for the diagnosis of automotive damper defects. To ensure a broad applicability of the generated diagnosis system, only signals of a classic Electronic Stability Control (ESC) system, such as wheel speeds, longitudinal and lateral vehicle acceleration, and yaw rate, were used. A structured analysis of data pre-processing and CNN configuration parameters were investigated in terms of the defect detection result. The results show that simple Fast Fourier Transformation (FFT) pre-processing and configuration parameters resulting in small networks are sufficient for a high defect detection rate.


The aim of this study was to evaluate the difference in the rate of recovery of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) from routinely cultured sputum and long‐term stored sputum specimens (at −80°C) using Löwenstein–Jensen (LJ) media, Mycobacterium Growth Indicator Tube (BBL MGITTM), and Middlebrook 7H11 (MB 7H11) agar.


We report an efficient entry into substituted 3-(ω-aminoalkyl)-benzo[b]thiophenes that allows rapid generation of structural diversity. Alkylation of α,ω-dihaloketones with thiophenols followed by acid-catalysed cyclisation led to an efficient synthesis of 3-(ω-aminoalkyl)benzo[b]thiophenes. 2-Carboethoxy derivatives were prepared using a directed ortho-metallation approach. These derivatives were readily converted into the corresponding amines.


....................................................................................................... viii ABSTRAK ............................................................................................................ ix TABLE OF CONTENTS ....................................................................................... x LIST OF TABLES ............................................................................................. xiii LIST OF FIGURES ........................................................................................... xiv LIST OF APPENDICES ..................................................................................... xv CHAPTER


Green hotel is a new type of hospitality industry development model based on the concept of circular economy and sustainable development. This paper makes an analysis and evaluation of the elements of green hotel core competence, on this basis, constructs the Green Hotel core competitive evaluation index system. The construction of the system is conducive to understand the green hotel's own competitive advantage objectively, and explore ways to enhance its core competitiveness, providing objective basis for sustainable development of China's Hotel industry.


Abstract 3690 Fetal/neonatal alloimmune thrombocytopenia (F/NAIT) is the most common cause of severe thrombocytopenia in the fetus and the newborn in maternity wards. To counter the bleeding consequences of severe fetal thrombocytopenia, antenatal therapies have been implemented for subsequent pregnancies with incompatible fetuses. Predictive parameters for fetal severe thrombocytopenia are important for the development of non-invasive strategy and tailored intervention. We report here data concerning 67 HPA-1bb women with 81 managed pregnancies with IVIG. In 51% of the cases, the diagnosis of F/NAIT was made during the first gestation, following an intracranial haemorrhage (ICH) in 8 cases (12%). Severe thrombocytopenia was recorded for 88% of the newborn. Analysis of the index cases did not show any correlation between the severity of the disease and the maternal genetic background (ABO group and HLA-DRB3 allele). Subsequent pregnancies were managed and therapy effectiveness was evaluated. The highest mean newborn plt count was observed for a combination of intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) and corticoids (135.10 9 /L; 54 newborn), in comparison with IVIG alone (89.10 9 /L; 27 newborn). No ICH was recorded in these 2 groups. The maternal anti HPA-1a antibody concentration measured before any treatment and before 28 weeks of gestation was predictive of the fetal status: a high antibody concentration (≥28 International Units/mL) was correlated with a severe thrombocytopenia of the fetus ( p =0.0016). Follow-up of the antibody concentrations during 34 pregnancies with antenatal management allowed demonstrating for the first time that the areas under curves (AUC) weighted by the weeks of gestation were a predictive parameter of therapy failure. The weighted AUC was significantly higher for women who delivered severely thrombocytopenic newborn than newborn with platelet count above 50.10 9 /L ( p =0.0107). To conclude, this large retrospective survey gives new insights on maternal predictive parameters for fetal status and therapy effectiveness allowing non-invasive strategies. Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.


The focus of this paper is to establish the unique role of the language of newspaper headlines as a vehicle of conveying meaning, expressing human thoughts and actions and maintaining human social solidarity. A sample of fourteen (14) headline reports on anti-corruption is purposively isolated from The Nation and The Punch newspapers of 2016. The headlines are analyzed based on M.A.K. Halliday's Systemic Functional Grammar (SFG). Though the functional components of ideational, interpersonal and textual levels of the model were identified, only the ideational strand of the model was adopted in the analysis of data.  The research reveals that national representations, role allocation to participants by activation/ passivation, overlapping of process categories and verbalization of processes are some of the ways writers represent their ideology of a given situation and events. The research also shows data categorization into material, verbalization and mental processes. The dominant process type, material processes, therefore, is an important tool that writers use in communicating their messages and ideologies through words and texts to the masses.


Overview Gas trading at Europe's gas wholesale markets or virtual trading points (VTPs) has made significant progress over the last decade. This is particularly the case in North West Europe, a region which represents more than 55% of the EU gas consumption. It is argued that market coupling is achieved in North West Europe since gas prices at the various VTPs converge. Evidence shows not only convergence of gas prices but also highly correlated price responsiveness and patterns. This achievement is largely the result of solving bottlenecks in the availability of cross-border transmission capacity and improving flexibility of transmission services. In addition, transmission charges set as capacity fees (paid whether or not gas is shipped) rather than commodity fees (paid according to shipped gas) helps to converge to zero marginal transaction costs. Once traders are able to easily arbitrage between markets and get access to liquid markets what does not mean that each Member State needs necessarily its own highly liquid VTP the gains from a merge of markets seem less obvious and therefore may raise questions.


Sedimentary rocks may be classified as to color by their reflectivity, which is the percentage of light that they reflect. Compilation of measurements of about 3,000 samples shows that light-colored sediments have a low organic content and dark-colored sediments a high organic content. Since the organic content of sediments can not be measured directly, the reduction number and the nitrogen content, which are measures of the organic content, were used in the compilations. The data show that the relation of reflectivity to reduction number and reflectivity to nitrogen content vary with respect to the ratio of nitrogen to reduction number; sediments of the same color which have low reduction numbers being relatively poor in nitrogen. The reflectivity of sediments is not onl affected by the quantity of organic matter present, but also by the texture and the content of mineral pigments. A regional classification of the samples indicates that the average organic content of sediments of the same color is not the same for all areas. Despite the influence of several factors upon the color of sediments, measurements might be used advantageously to supplement descriptions of well samples and also as an aid to correlation.


Little is known about the costs of managing rare diseases, and comprehensive healthcare costs have not been reported for myasthenia gravis (MG). We evaluated the direct costs and healthcare resource utilization in insured MG patients.


Gymnodinium helveticum f. achroum in Blelham Tarn was occasionally noted to exhibit phagotrophy. Various algae were observed inside Gymnodinium cells. The seeding of an experimental enclosure with dead Lycopodium spores resulted in some of the Gymnodinium cells containing a spore. From the results, it is suggested that this dinoflagellate exhibits non-selective and non-predatory phagotrophy.


Ks[IMo6024]. 5H20, P i , a = 10.084 (1), b = 17.593(2), c = 7.692(1) A, a = 95.07(1), fl = 91.38 (1), y = 82.45 (1) °, U = 1347-5 (2) A 3, FW = 1372.10, Z = 2, D m = 3.37, D x = 3.42 Mg m -3, a = 4.375 mm -1 (for Mo Ka). The [IMo6024] 5anion has been found to be a typical Anderson-type heteropolyanion and has approximate 3m symmetry. The meta l oxygen bond lengths in this anion and in [TeMo6024] 6show the difference between the 17+-O and Te6+-O bond strengths. 0567-7408/80/030661-04501.00 Introduction. Many Keggin-type heteropolyanions have been studied; there is also another group of heteropolyanions called the Anderson type (Anderson, 1937). The latter type of polyanion consists of seven octahedra sharing edges with one another. Six Mo octahedra are arranged hexagonally around the octahedron containing the heteroatom. A number of examples of the preparations of Anderson-type polyanions have been reported (Gmelins Handbuch der Anorganischen Chemic, © 1980 International Union of Crystallography 662 THE HEXAMOLYBDOPERIODATE ANION IN ITS POTASSIUM SALT 1935), but fewer structural studies have been carried out (Evans, 1974; Perloff, 1970). The present structure was originally proposed by Anderson (1937) for this [IMo6024] 5anion. This paper reports its structure determination and the structure is compared with that of [TeMotO24 ]6-. Preparations of the periodatomolybdates have been described by Blomstrand (1892). The intensities of the reflections were measured with a Rigaku automatic four-circle diffractometer (graphite monochromator, Mo Ka radiation, w--20 scan technique) up to 20 = 65 ° . The intensities of 6627 observed independent reflections, with IFol > 3tr(IFol), were used for the structure determination. The dimensions of the crystal were 0.3 × 0-1 x 0.05 mm. The structure was solved by the heavy-atom method, except for the H atoms, and refined by the block-diagonal least-squares method. Calculations were performed with a local version of UNICS (Sakurai, 1967) on a HITAC 8800/8700 computer at the Computer Centre of the University of Tokyo. Anisotropic temperature factors were used for all the non-hydrogen atoms. Atomic scattering factors and corrections for anomalous scattering were taken from International Tables for X-ray Crystallography (1974). No absorption correction was made. The function minimized was ~ w(IFol IFcl) 2, where w = l/(a + IFol + clFo 12) with a = 43.03 and c = 0.00469 estimated experimentally according to Cruickshank (1970), for IFol > 21.0, and w = 0.122 for others. The final R values are Rw(F) = 0.050 and R(F) = 0.047, where R w ( F ) --~ wilFol -IFcll/~ WlFol and R ( F ) --X IIFolIF


American String Teacher Vol. 68, No. 3, August 2018, pp. 26 –30 DOI: 10.1177/0003131318777466 Copyright © 2018, American String Teachers Association String teachers know from experience how beneficial it can be to play chamber music. With the right environment and the right group of people, chamber music provides a powerful opportunity to isolate some of the most important musical skills that we strive to teach in orchestra classes, like listening, leading, following, and building musical interpretations. It also goes beyond these important abilities by developing smallgroup skills like communication, time management, empathy, and awareness. Furthermore, as chamber groups are much easier to form than orchestras, chamber music study provides skills and repertoire that students can easily transfer to their musical lives after high school, regardless of career path. While chamber music can certainly be worked into an orchestra class, it rarely gets the attention it deserves. Teachers who try to incorporate chamber music often struggle to provide feedback to chamber groups while keeping up with orchestra rehearsal needs for the next concert, and there is rarely time to talk about effective chamber rehearsing, repertoire, or score study. The unique benefits of chamber music study along with the large body of chamber music repertoire should justify a separate class at the high school or middle school level. School administrators will likely want to hear more than just these musical justifications for starting a chamber music class. Such a class could also help showcase the school to the district and broader community through small performances at local events. For administrators who like the data that solo and ensemble festivals provide, they may welcome the idea of sending more groups and stronger groups to the festival through this class. In addition, students often face schedule conflicts that prevent them from taking orchestra, and a chamber music class could be the only way for them to keep playing their instruments.


In 1951, H. Hopf proved that the only surfaces, homeomorphic to the sphere, with constant mean curvature in the Euclidean space are the round (geometrical) spheres. In this paper we survey some contributions of Renato Tribuzy to generalize Hopf's result as well as some recent results of the authors using these techniques for shrinking solitons of curvature flows and for surfaces in three-dimensional warped product manifolds, specially the de Sitter-Schwarzschild and Reissner-Nordstrom manifolds.


Computer-generated holograms (CGHs) are commonly used in optical interferometry for producing reference wavefronts with desired shapes. Uncertainties from the computer generated hologram (CGH) manufacturing processes produce errors in the finished hologram and the generated reference wavefront. CGH errors compromise the accuracy of the interferometric measurements. Although errors in the CGHs may be introduced during either the design or the fabrication process, fabrication uncertainties are mostly responsible for the degradation of the quality of CGHs. To specify and verify detection accuracy of aspheric surface testing system, alignment errors and fabrication errors of the CGHs will be analyzed. Methods are discussed for measuring the fabrication errors in the CGH substrate, duty cycle, etching depth, and effect of surface roughness. An example analysis of the wavefront errors from fabrication nonuniformities for a phase CGH is given.


This paper examines how disposable personal income is related to investor psychology as well as stock market values. Since personal income is a main source of investment for market investors, this study explores its time-series characteristics with stock market values and investor sentiment and attempts to explain them based on psychological effects. It is found that personal income is co-integrated with investor sentiment and there exists bidirectional causality between personal income and investor sentiment. The results provide a new insight in terms of behavioral and psychological research in business.


Fatigue is not only common in clinical patients but is also prevalent in the healthy population. A lot of studies have been done to detect mental fatigue. Most of the current fatigue detection systems are based on individual questionnaire and computer vision. In this paper, we proposed a deep temporal model named Deep Convolutional Autoencoding Memory network to detect mental fatigue in real time based on biometrics (e.g., GSR, HR, R-R intervals and skin temperature) collected with smart band. The model can be regarded as a One-Class classifier consisted of two sub-networks: Characterization Network and Memory Network that can be co-optimized to extract features from raw data automatically and generate baseline model which can describe the sequential patterns of non-fatigue data. The major contributions of this paper are as follows: First, we solved the class imbalance problem between normal data and fatigue data through performing One-Class classification; Second, Characterization Network can extract features from the heterogeneous biometrics automatically; Third, Memory Network can generate a temporal model which accurately describes the normal pattern of sequential data; Last, our model uses a novel decision criterion to make the detection decision. Performance of the proposed method is validated on a realistic environmental dataset containing the biometrics of 6 participants collected in 6 weeks. Experimental results show that the accuracy of fatigue detection attains 82.9%, which is superior to the representative off-the-shelf methods.


Widespread demand has recently arisen for measures to be taken to provide students in higher education with the opportunity to acquire entrepreneurial skills. Echoes of this demand are to be found in recent work produced by the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) and in the desire expressed in 2010 by the French government to set up 'Student Entrepreneurship Clusters' in the country's universities. In this paper a description of the objectives defined for these clusters is followed by an examination of the feasibility of a new offer targeting, in a given region, students in different academic years studying for different qualifications. The manner in which entrepreneurial skills are acquired is analysed with a view to developing a systematic picture of the process. Finally, the issue of assessing students' acquisition of entrepreneurial skills is also addressed.


This is an open-access publication that is an online-only component of the Contemporary Theatre Review 28.1 (2018) special issue on Samuel Beckett.


206 patients with various forms of intestinal obstruction have been treated in our clinic during the last 5 years. In 78 (37,9%) patients intestinal obstruction causes were adhesions, in 46 (22,3%) - pinch hernia, in 40 (19,4%) - obturation, in 15 (7,3%) - volvulus, in 7 (3,4%) - spastic ileus, in 3 (1,5%) - paralytic ileus, in 3 (1,5%) - intussusception, in 14 (6,8%) - other causes. Out of 206 patients 39 died. Overall lethality in intestinal obstruction was 18.9%.


Summary This paper tests the hypothesis that the inverse relationship between population density and migration distances in pre-industrial Europe results from variation in the social class composition of communities. Data from two pyrenean valleys in Navarre, spain, provide support for the hypothsis. Further effect on mugration distances may result from vatiation in the settlement pattern of communities. Seasonal movement associated with certain occupations seems to be unimportant.


The influence of reclamation on benthic animals in Hakata Bay, Fukuoka, Japan, was reviewed. In Hakata Bay, large-scale reclamation has been ongoing since the 1970s. The east side of Hakata Bay has been almost closed from the sea by the construction of two huge reclaimed lands, Kashii Park Port (126 ha) and Island City (artificial island, 401 ha). Temporal changes in species composition and the density of benthic animals including polychaetes, molluscs, crustaceans, were researched at Wajiro Flat and Kashii Beach. The density greatly decreased at both Wajiro (2,819 ind./m2 in 1982 to 1,582ind./m2 in 1993) and Kashii (3,524 ind./m2 in 1982 to 1,326 ind./m2 in 1998). The decrease in polychaetes was conspicuous at both Wajiro (1,600 ind./m2 in 1982 to 341 id/m2 in 1993) and Kashii (2,081 ind./m2 in 1982 to 457 id/m2 in 1998). The changes may be due to the stagnation of seawater due to coastal reclamation and to increased sewage discharge.


Currently, microelectromechanical system (MEMS) spatial light modulators (SLMs) with numerous tiny mirrors that are controllable as a binary state are available. Such MEMS spatial light modulators are useful as holographic displays, optical tweezers, optical memories, reconfigurable lenses, etc. Although nonfault devices are always used for such applications, this paper clarifies that even if a part of a MEMS-SLM is faulty, the MEMS-SLM is useful for almost all commercial products related to the applications described above. Moreover, it is useful even as research equipment with a high degree of precision. This paper therefore presents the fault-tolerance analysis results of light intensity, contrast ratio, and spot size of interference pattern generated from a MEMS-SLM to clarify the allowable deteriorations of faulty MEMS-SLMs. Moreover, we propose a recovery method that a faulty MEMS-SLM can be used as a nonfaulty MEMS-SLM by exploiting excess laser power.


In this issue, the use and characteristics of the symptom checklist SCL-90-R in chronic pain patients was evaluated with respect to its con struct validity by Hardt et al. (pp 137–148). It was concluded that the use of SCL-90-R as a screening instrument for specific diagnoses was at least questionable in chronic pain patients. This may raise the question of whether it is nec essary to re-evaluate other widely used assess ment instruments for screening and diagnostic purposes in disorders commonly associated with chronic pain states, such as major dep ression. Further, the concept of major depres sion diagnosis according to the operational criteria in the DSM-IV in pain patients will be discussed.


Background The shoulder is the second most frequently injured joint after the knee in rugby players and labral tears appear to be common. There is limited data available in the literature regarding the mechanisms of posterior labral injury in rugby players and the management of these injuries. Objective The aim of this study is to report the clinical presentation, arthroscopic findings, surgical technique for repair, and the functional outcome in elite English rugby players with isolated posterior labral injuries. Study Design Case series (level IV evidence) Materials and Methods Over a 5-year period we surgically treated 142 elite rugby players, of whom 11 (7.8%) had isolated posterior labral injuries. All these 11 patients had significant contact injury. Only three (24%) patients had a true posterior shoulder dislocation. Pre- and postoperative assessment included Constant score, Oxford shoulder score, and Oxford instability score. We also assessed the time taken to return to preinjury level of fitness and the complications of surgery. Results Average follow-up was for 32 months (range 17–54 months). The mean Constant score improved from 66 to 99. The Oxford score indicated improvement, decreasing from 33 to 18; similarly, the Oxford instability score also decreased from 52.2 to 12.3. Return to playing rugby at peak level was at a mean of 4.3 months after arthroscopic repair. Conclusion Successful clinical results and rapid return to play can be achieved by appropriate early arthroscopic repair and supervised accelerated rehabilitation for posterior labral tears in elite rugby players.


The unified and seemingly effortless collaboration of rider and horse embodied an ideal first expressed almost half a millennium ago by the Neapolitan riding master, Federico Grisone. Grisone was also the first author to record the names of manege movements and the first to construct a diagram illustrating how to ride the two principle foundations of the discipline - the volta and the repolone. The biographical details of Grisone's life or the precise date of composition of the Ordini. The publication of the translation of the Ordini will allow both riders and scholars to re-assess, appreciate and draw their own conclusions about the contribution of Federico Grisone to the development of dressage and horsemanship. Keywords:Federico Grisone; horse; horsemanship; ordini; rider


In response to wounding, potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) tubers generate hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ) in association with suberization, a critical phase of the wound-healing process. In the present study, the effect of aminotriazole (AT), a catalase (CAT, EC 188.8.131.52) inhibitor, on cut tubers was investigated using fresh weight (FW) loss and pathogen attack symptoms as indicators of wound-healing efficiency. Seven days after treatment, AT-treated tuber halves lost more FW and developed infection signs compared with the controls. Thiourea, another CAT inhibitor, as well as exogenous H 2 O 2 treatments induced the same effects as AT suggesting that the alteration of the wound healing may be caused by CAT inhibition and the resulting accumulation of H 2 O 2 . Using transgenic tubers, FW losses 1 week after wounding were either higher (CAT repression) or lower (CAToverexpression) than those of the wild-type. When tuber halves were allowed to wound heal for different periods before treatment, AT had no effect on the progress of their wound healing if wound-healed for at least 3 days. This implies that AT may affect early wound-healing-related events, especially those occurring before or during suberization. A time-course analysis of the effects of AT treatment on wounded tuber tissues revealed that AT prevented the deposition of the polyphenolic domain of suberin in association with CAT inhibition and H 2 O 2 accumulation. These data are important in identifying factors that may be required to regulate suberization and contribute to a better understanding of this critical process to hasten its rate and limit wound-related losses in stored potato tubers.


Pathologist with more than 35 year-experience in research, teaching, extension services, and training on post harvest diseases including introduction of new techniques for crops and food conservation under local conditions. Adaptive research on post harvest technologies and preparation and implementation of extension programs and guide lines for trainers, extension officers, producers, and exporters on conservation methods from harvesting to marketing. Working on post harvest programs aimed at minimizing food losses in traditional post harvest practices at the farm and village levels including processing, packing, and storage in different parts of Egypt. Developed training for rural women participation in post harvest food losses - prevention programs.


When closely temporally separated two optical pulses of identical wavelength are transmitted in optical fiber, the pulse separation could be changed due to nonlinear effect. We evaluate the pulse-to-pulse interaction in dense dispersion management by simulation and experiment. First, we evaluate the influence of third order dispersion on the pulse-to-pulse interaction by numerical simulation of transmission. The interaction can be effectively reduced when dispersion shifted fiber for dispersion slope tuning is placed at input of EDFA repeaters. Then we performed a recirculating loop transmission experiment of 3.5-ps optical RZ pulses with 12.5-ps initial separation in dispersion flattened dispersion-managed fiber. The interaction can be greatly reduced by employing dense dispersion managed fiber, which is favorable for ultra-high speed OTDM transmission systems.


Risk Factors for Congenital Cardiac Malformations: Back to the Future Introduction to the Clinical Examination Syndromes in Congenital Heart Disease The Paediatric Electrocardiogram Paediatric Echocardiography Congenital Heart Defects Acyanotic and Cyanotic Cardiac Catheterization in Congenital Heart Disease: Diagnostic and Therapeutic Procedures Surgical Treatment of Congenital Heart Disease Acquired Heart Diseases Paediatric Arrhythmias Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation in Infants and Children Prevention of Coronary Artery Diseases Appendix: A Schematic Approach to Diagnosis


Presents some valuation methods and some aspects of cost benefit analysis and policy making in environmental economics. Addressed mainly to students, researchers and public officials concerned with environmental problems, it provides guidance on the valuation of the environment and how to develop instruments and frameworks of policy to obtain insights into the costs and benefits of specific environmental projects or policies


For mitigating global warming, the energy consumption and CO2 emission of heating, refrigerating, and air-conditioning systems has to be minimized. Therefore, the COP (coefficient of performance) of heat pumps has to be at a maximum during operation. With the fault diagnosis methods developed, a degradation of the performance is detected early, and the exact reasons for the degradation are diagnosed. Two diagnosis systems are developed for operational monitoring of heat pump systems. They allow a conditionoriented maintenance, which also reduces service costs. The fault diagnosis systems are tested with data from different heat pump applications, such as measured data from a residential building, data from a heat pump simulation model, and data from two test benches. Since the additional hardware costs should be minimal, the first fault diagnosis system is designed to require only a small number of sensors. During operation, the parameters of a dynamic gray-box model are sequentially reidentified. The faults are then classified from these parameters, using statistical techniques as well as techniques from fuzzy logic and neural network theory. Before operation, the diagnosis system is trained on the basis of experimental data for known fault cases. During the training phase, clusters are built in the parameter space for each fault case. With a small number of sensors, a large number of fault cases is classified with a high classification quality. The second diagnosis system is designed for a fast commercial realization because of its simple structure and the very small training effort. During operation, the parameters of a steady-state physical model are sequentially reidentified. The faults then are interpreted by the service technician or by the user, which is straightforward because of the physical meaning of the parameters. Before operation, the diagnosis system is initialized by nominal (fault-free) data. For testing the diagnosis systems, a detailed physical heat pump simulation model is developed, which covers all operating modes. Various fault cases are simulated by changing the corresponding model parameters. In addition, a new test bench was built, which contains a modified commercial heat pump. With the test bench, data is generated for several fault cases. With the fault diagnosis systems developed, the energetic efficiencies of heat pumps as well as larger heating, refrigerating, or air-conditioning systems can be significantly improved.


Background: Despite increases in healthcare cost for back pain (BP), there is little improvement in patient outcomes. Although BP is most commonly linked with lumbar disc disease (LDD), diagnosis remains unclear, making cost-effective care difficult. However, BP patients reporting centralization of symptoms (CS) have demonstrated improved outcomes; these patients may also have LDD. This pilot's purpose was, referencing LDD-linked genetic markers (MMP2-1306, VDR-352T, IL6-597A_G) and MRI (Modic changes), to describe LDD characteristics in patients with CS. Methods: Genetic marker, MRI and clinical (CS, historical, laboratory) data from 12 patients with BP were compared with 10 previously-studied controls. Results: All subjects were similar in age, height and activity levels. 9 of 12 patients and all controls showed negligible pathology on MRI. Patients showed greatest prevalence of MMP2-1306C= 1.00 (1.00, 1.00); VDR-352T= 0.67 (0.35, 0.98); and IL6-597A_G= 0.58 (0.26, 0.91) genetic variants; all controls showed an absence of IL6-597A variant, but similar prevalence of the MMP21306C and VDR-352T variants to patients. Patients had greater BMI (p= 0.018) and number offalls/accidents (p= 0.015). 10 patient's reporting CS also had zero-to-negligible pathological bone (CTx) or cartilage (COMP) degradation, inflammation (Hs-CRP) or bone production (BAP) compared to patients without CS or controls. Conclusions: Expanded study is warranted to employ the described MRI/ genetic reference criteria proposed for LDD in patients with CS, obesity, and biomechanical trauma.


Mothers of children with autism spectrum disorder are more likely to have features of the broad autism phenotype and adverse mental health outcomes. The broad autism phenotype can contribute to poorer mental health; however, the mechanism behind this relationship remains uncertain. This study investigated both the predictors of mental health and the relationship between the broad autism phenotype and mental health symptoms in mothers of children with autism spectrum disorder. This cross-sectional survey recruited 232 Australian mothers (⩾18 years) of children with autism spectrum disorder (0–10 years) and assessed maternal broad autism phenotype, mental health, adult attachment style, degree of social support and parenting experience. Hierarchical multiple regressions, t-tests, correlations and mediation analyses were conducted. Psychological inflexibility was the greatest unique predictor of anxious, depressive and stress symptomatology. Challenging parenting experiences predicted depressive, anxious and stress symptomatology while the broad autism phenotype also uniquely predicted anxious symptoms. Both psychological inflexibility and challenging parenting experiences were significant mediators of the relationships between the broad autism phenotype and depressive symptoms and between the broad autism phenotype and anxiety. Psychological inflexibility alone mediated the relationship between the broad autism phenotype and stress. Targeting psychological inflexibility and supporting parenting are promising avenues for future interventions to support the mental health of mothers of young children with autism spectrum disorder. Lay abstract Mothers of children with autism tend to have poorer mental health outcomes compared to most mothers. Lack of social support, parenting challenges and relationship difficulties are more common for mothers of children with autism and can all affect maternal mental health. Mothers of children with autism are also more likely to have some autistic features, called the broad autism phenotype, that can contribute to poorer mental health; however, how these factors relate to one another are unclear. This study found that mothers who were less flexible in their thinking and behaviour and had more difficult parenting experiences tended to have poorer mental health. Mothers with more autistic features were less flexible in their thinking and behaviour, which, in turn, was linked to greater symptoms of depression, anxiety and stress. Mothers with greater autistic features also reported more difficult parenting experiences, which was in turn linked with greater symptoms of anxiety and depression. This study suggests that supporting mothers of young children with autism to manage parenting challenges and become more flexible with their thinking and behaviour could help to improve their mental health.


Purpose: The prime objective of this study is to re-investigate the tourism-led growth hypothesis by accommodating structural breaks over the annual period 1988-2014 for Pakistan. This study used two measure of tourism development -tourist arrivals and tourism expenditure per capita to explore the relationship between tourism and economic growth. Methodology: The unit root problem is tested by applying Ng-Perron unit root test. However, Perron, (1997) single structural break and Clemente et al. (1998) double structural breaks unit root tests also employed. To examine the long relationship between tourism and economic growth, we applied newly invented Bayer-Hanck, (2013) combine cointegration approach in the presence of structural breaks. The robustness of combine cointegration approach is tested by Johansen cointegration technique. Further, VECM Granger causality is used to understand the direction of causality during structural shocks. Findings: We found all data series stationary at first difference. The empirics confirm the existence of long run relationship between underlying variables in the presence of structural breaks. The results of VECM Granger causality predicted unidirectional causality running from tourism development (tourist arrives) to economic growth in long run as well as short run when. But, bidirectional relationship between tourism development (tourism expenditure) and economic growth has found. This validates the tourism-led growth for Pakistan. Recommendations: Policy makers should focus on development of tourism industry to enhance economic growth for Pakistan.


In this paper, a high-temperature, high-frequency, wire-bond-based multichip phase-leg module was designed, fabricated, and fully tested. Using paralleled Silicon Carbide (SiC) MOSFETs, the module was rated at 1200 V and 60 A, and was designed for a 25-kW three-phase inverter operating at a switching frequency of 70 kHz, and in a harsh environment up to 200 °C, for aircraft applications. To this end, the temperature-dependent characteristics of the SiC MOSFET were first evaluated. The results demonstrated the superiority of the SiC MOSFET in both static and switching performances compared to Si devices, but meanwhile did reveal the design tradeoff in terms of the device's gate oxide stability. Various high-temperature packaging materials were then extensively surveyed and carefully selected for the module to sustain the harsh environment. The electrical layout of the module was also optimized using a modeling and simulation approach, in order to minimize the device parasitic ringing during high-speed switching. Finally, the static and switching performances of the fabricated module were tested, and the 200 °C continuous operation of the SiC MOSFETs was verified.


Aiming at the issues of three-phase current unbalance and harmonics of low voltage distribution networks,which resulted in three-phase voltage unbalance,increasing line losses and transformer loss,voltage deviation of neutral point,a comprehensive treatment method is proposed based on Thyristor switched capacitor(TSC) and active power filter(APF).And then a topological structure of low-capacity comprehensive treatment device and its control method is given,which applies TSC to compensate large reactive power and applies APF to compensate small reactive power.Finally,the "change P method" and "limit the reactive power method" is adopted to protect APF.The simulation result verifies the correctness of this method.


Activated hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) play important roles in hepatic fibrosis. Studies on HSCs activation in vitro have shown that this process is regulated by a wide variety of growth factors and cytokines.1 Recent data indicate that AngⅡ is responsible for the mechanisms of myocardial fibrosis and kidney fibrosis; but there are only few reports on hepatic fibrosis.2-8


The article discusses the main viewpoints of the Russian historian and philologist Anton S. Budilovich on the Polish question in Russia. Budilovich was a dynamic personality and, at the same time, a prominent philologist, historian, publicist, and above all, an excellent administrator of science and education. The name Budilovich was widely known in the educated circles of contemporary society. He spent his entire life working in educational institutions in St. Petersburg, Nezhin, Warsaw, and Yuryev. Budilovich acquired work in the Russifi cation of Warsaw and Yuryev universities. The scholar's views are considered against the background of the position generally inherent in Russian historiography. The topics studied by Budilovich were closely connected with the history of the Orthodox lands of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth and the Western Russian (Belarusian and Ukrainian) issue. The scientific and socio-political views of Budilovich were infl uenced by both the nature of his education and the socio-political environment of what was then Western Russia. In general, Budilovich's historical polonistics fully corresponded to the fundamental ideas of Russian historical polonistics of the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries: conservative and Slavophile in nature, and mostly anti-Western. The most important attribute of Slavic unity for Budilovich was the religious community of the Slavs and their common language. Orthodoxy seemed to him the foundation on which the Slavs exclusively could preserve their own identity. He explained Russia's mission in Poland to be motivated by its desire to save the Poles from the Germanization that threatened them and to "bring to life" Polish moral and intellectual forces. The scholar was one of the last adherents of the Slavophile approach to history and a supporter of pan-Slavic ideas.


Heart failure involves many organs and systems. Because of heart failure is one of the most common admission diagnosis in a Medical Ward, we seeked their abdominal ultrasound features in addition of the cardiac ones.


In this paper we evaluate the resistance of the block cipher RC5 against linear cryptanalysis. We describe a known plaintext attack that can break RC5-32 (blocksize 64) with 10 rounds and RC5-64 (blocksize 128) with 15 rounds. In order to do this we use techniques related to the use of multiple linear approximations. Furthermore the success of the attack is largely based on the linear hull-effect. To our knowledge, at this moment these are the best known plaintext attacks on RC5, which have negligible storage requirements and do not make any assumption on the plaintext distribution. Furthermore we discuss the impact of our attacking method on the AES-candidate RC6, whose design was based on RC5.


The complex behaviour of layered oxide cathode materials at high voltages currently limits the energy densities which can be achieved by sodium-ion batteries.


This thesis illustrated the feature of educational practice on sports social science;outlined the content of educational practice on sports social science;explored the regulation of educational practice on sports social science and made a whole study on educational practice on sports social science through the research method of theoretical analysis and logic analysis.All these above are aimed at enriching the education system of sports and social science education;exerting the practical function of sports and social science education and serving the overall development for human being ultimately.


Purpose – This paper aims to address a critical aspect of post‐event recovery, namely the rebuilding of the housing stock following a devastating natural disaster. Using hurricanes as an example, challenges and opportunities are systematically discussed in hopes of sparking some further discussion and new economic models (including incentive‐based) that can help move communities toward greater resiliency and sustainability.Design/methodology/approach – As a viewpoint paper, this paper relies on the author's experience in post‐hurricane damage investigation, structural retrofit, and design to minimize loss.Findings – In evaluating how best to rebuild following a natural disaster, there are clear opportunities (and needs) in the areas of structural damage/loss mitigation, codes and standards, building material and system selection, and risk communication. Specific suggestions are made in each of these areas and the importance of risk‐based decision is stressed in each area.Originality/value – This paper con...


A project called Enhancing Developmentally Oriented Primary Care (EDOPC), with the goal of increasing the financing and delivery of preventive developmental services for children birth to age 3 years in the state of Illinois, provided training and technical assistance to primary care providers throughout the state of Illinois. Primary care providers have opportunities to screen and observe infants and toddlers and their care givers more than any other professional, because they see them up to 13 times in the first 3 years of life for well-child visits. The project used a 1-hour, on-site training for primary care providers and their entire office staff as the method of increasing knowledge. Training focused on intent to change practice and implement validated routine early childhood developmental screening, and early referrals to early intervention or other community resources. Although many primary care providers routinely use only developmental surveillance in their practices, clinical practice guidelines recommend routine use of standardized developmental screening, using validated developmental screening tools. This presentation will share lessons learned and recommendations based on clinical practice guidelines and experiences of the team members during implementation of the EDOPC project and others. Primary care providers are critical to this process because children with developmental disorders have the best long-term outcomes and opportunities for improved family functioning with early detection, diagnosis, and treatment.


The antral hormone gastrin has but a small depressant effect on the blood pressure of experimental animals, and it falls outside the group of powerful hypotensive agents with which this volume is mainly concerned. It is therefore hoped that our results with gastrin will be of interest despite their slight connection with the main theme of the symposium. The principal physiological action of gastrin is of course the stimulation of gastric acid secretion. Various other actions on alimentary tract structures can be observed under appropri ate experimental conditions. These include the inhibition of gas tric acid secretion, the stimulation of pepsin and pancreatic secretion, and the effects on gastric and intestinal musculature. Which of this latter group may be regarded as true physiologi cal properties of gastrin is as yet unknown, for the normal con centration of gastrin circulating in the blood stream after indi gestion of food has not so far been determined. Our chemical investigations followed the successful isola tion of pure gastrin by our colleagues Professor Gregory and Dr. Tracy in the Physiological Laboratory of Liverpool Univer sity (Gregory and Tracy, 1964). Two hormones (G.I and G.II) were in fact isolated from hog antral mucosa, and these proved to be indistinguishable in physiological properties and isomeric in amino acid composition. Initially we chose to work with the more abundant gastrin II, and structural studies led eventually to the amino acid sequence (I) for the hormone (Gregory et aI.,


This paper analyzes on how to prevent tacit collusion which may happen in the process of China electricity reform. By summarizing 3 sorts of factors on tacit collusion, and combining the theoretical frame with characters of electricity industry, the author concludes that there is a field facilitating bidders' tacit collusion in Chinese electricity generation, and market de-concentration, regulatory constraint, threat of entry and bilateral market are four basic measures for Chinese regulator to control market power, while the bilateral market is the most important measure to be considered.