This text analyzes the Majarni diplomatic visit to China in terms of information transmission.It is held that the impedimenta to the incident came from the deficiency,inaccuracy and misconception in information transmission on both sides.As far as the Chinese side was concerned,it had something to do with the political psychology of the empire bureaucrats who,by design or default,had changed the message under the notions of loyalty and keeping out of trouble. These changes were both historical facts and decisive factors.


A consideration of the role and function of imagination in education poses more questions than can be answered. It is a wide-ranging theme that is complex and open to varied interpretations. This essay reviews a small selection of material from a large body of knowledge. The review will explore the conceptual basis of imagination and probe the complexity of the concept and its importance in the process of teaching and learning, with specific reference to the story-form as a pedagogical tool.


Georgia 4-H has been partnering with public schools for over 100 years to provide youth development programming for elementary, middle, and high schools. In 2013, a new state accountability system required the addition of career exploration lessons in elementary schools. Georgia 4-H staff and faculty developed a career curriculum taught by county Extension agents in public school classrooms. This curriculum allowed Georgia 4-H to continue its historic partnership with Georgia public schools and assisted elementary schools in meeting new educational requirements. Evaluation data show that youth participants increased knowledge in respective career areas. State-standards-based 4-H career education delivered in classrooms and elsewhere can meet varied needs and yield valuable outcomes.


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The friction spinning system with low spinning tension is suitable for the production of yarn at high speeds up to 500 metres per minute. This system produces multicomponent yarns from a wide range of different fibres for technical applications. This chapter describes the fundamental principles of the friction spinning process, and reviews the research findings of the effect of the raw materials, machine and process parameters on the spinning performance, yarn structure and properties. Consideration is given to the various fibre types that can be spun by this method and the wide range of applications for friction spun yarns.


The american white moth belongs to international quarantine pest, its character is such as omnivorous habit, large fecundity, strong adaptability, broadly infectious approach and serious damage. Garden greening personnel of xianhe community in shengli oil field investigated the time and quantity of net by the habits of the american white moth that the young larvae can spin a web and damage together, it can make prediction for the occurrence of insect state and insect situation of american white moth in time, so can take some pertinent control measures and make better effects.


Our work studies the fair allocation of indivisible items to a set of agents, and falls within the scope of establishing improved approximation guarantees. It is well known by now that the classic solution concepts in fair division, such as envy-freeness and proportionality, fail to exist in the presence of indivisible items. Unfortunately, the lack of existence remains unresolved even for some relaxations of envy-freeness, and most notably for the notion of EFX, which has attracted significant attention in the relevant literature. This in turn has motivated the quest for approximation algorithms, resulting in the currently best known $(\phi-1)$-approximation guarantee by Amanatidis et al (2020), where $\phi$ equals the golden ratio. So far, it has been notoriously hard to obtain any further advancements beyond this factor. Our main contribution is that we achieve better approximations, for certain special cases, where the agents agree on their perception of some items in terms of their worth. In particular, we first provide an algorithm with a $2/3$-approximation, when the agents agree on what are the top $n$ items (but not necessarily on their exact ranking), with $n$ being the number of agents. To do so, we also study a general framework that can be of independent interest for obtaining further guarantees.


MODELS AND NUMBERICAL ANALYSIS WERE USED TO ANALYZE THE BEHAVIOR OF MUCK--MUCK BEING DEFINED AS A DEPOSIT OF SOFT CLAY OR ORGANIC SOIL. GUIDELINES WERE ESTABLISHED FOR PROTOTYPE STUDIES AND FOR DESIGN OF EMBANKMENTS AND LEEVEES, ETC. SEVERAL METHODS AND MATERIALS WERE STUDIED AS POSSIBLE MODELS REPRESENTING MUCK. IT WAS FOUND THAT GELATIN WAS THE MOST SUITABLE REPRESENTATIVE MATERIAL. A TECHNIQUE WAS DEVELOPED FOR THE CONSTRUCTION OF THE MODEL MUCK AND MODEL EMBANKMENTS. ALL DIMENSIONS WERE CHOSEN TO REPRESENT GEOMETRIC AND PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF PROTOTYPE MUCK AND ACTUAL EMBANKMENTS. EMBANKMENTS WITH AND WITHOUT BERMS WERE CONSTRUCTED IN TRENCHED AND UNTRENCHED SECTIONS. THE CONSTRUCTION SEQUENCES OF EMBANKMENTS (LOADING PATTERNS) WERE STUDIED AND VARIOUS TYPES OF EMBANKMENT MATERIAL (COHESIVE AND NON-COHESIVE) WERE USED TO DUPLICATE PROTOTYPE CONSTRUCTION AND MATERIAL CHARACTERISTICS. DISPLACEMENTS AND STRESSES DEVELOPED AND THE RESULTS WERE COMPARED WITH THE CLASSICAL BOUSSINESQ APPROACH. ALSO THE FEASIBILITY OF PRODUCING A NUMERICAL ANALYSIS APPROACH TO THE PROBLEM OF LARGE DISPLACEMENTS WAS STUDIED. A TECHNIQUE FOR ANALYZING THESE DEFLECTIONS WAS FOUND USING THE FINITE-ELEMENT METHOD. /AUTHOR/


Abstract A new deprotection procedure of methylthiomethyl (MTM) ether, a protective group for the hydroxy group, was developed. MTM was oxidized with MCPBA or Oxone, and the resulting sulfoxide was treated under conditions of the Pummerer rearrangement, to give acetoxy sulfide and/or acetoxy acetal. Alkaline hydrolysis of the products provided the unprotected alcohols in good yields. Details of the reactions using several different substrates are described.


In this study we introduce a pair of idealized tracers to quantify how changes in physical advection and mixing under climate change affect the nutrient supply, new production, and particulate expo...


The present disclosure, using an alcohol selected from those having a boiling point lower than the boiling point of the absorbing medium and / or adsorption medium is stripped such as acidic gases such as carbon dioxide from the absorbing medium and / or adsorption medium a method for.


The method for the inductance measurement applying the LC circuit concept, which means circuit with inductance and capacitor effect, for analysis of switched reluctance (SR) motors in operation status is proposed in this paper. The inductance profile is an important parameter bearing on the performance of a SR motor. The main strategy of the presented methodology is to combine the standard circuit topology analysis results and machine's equivalent model to find a dynamic measurement method for the inductance related magnetization characteristics. The capacitors in series or parallel connection to the SR machine phase inductance are the key components to construct the applicable LC circuit analysis model. Besides, this method owns the capability that being easy to be extended to estimate the incremental inductance for further performance prediction. The measurement results of two SR motors taken into verification both demonstrate the effectiveness of this method under dynamic operation condition while comparing to the conventionally off-line static measurement.


Zollinger–Ellison syndrome is characterised by refractory peptic ulcer disease, diarrhoea and gastric acid hypersecretion associated with a gastrin-secreting tumour. The incidence is unknown, but, in the US, the frequency is 0.1 – 3.0 million people. Zollinger–Ellison syndrome is associated with multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 in 25 – 35% of the cases. The diagnosis of Zollinger–Ellison syndrome is suggested when plasma gastrin is > 1000 pg/ml and the basal acid output is > 15 mEq/h or when associated with a pH < 2. The treatment is focused on controlling gastric acid hypersecretion and localisation of the tumour and its metastases. Proton pump inhibitors are the most effective antisecretory drugs and can be administered at high dosages. This review focuses on the role of the proton pump inhibitors in the management of gastric acid hypersecretion in Zollinger–Ellison syndrome.


A method for rendering a substrate hydrophobic while maintaining its biodegradability includes treating the substrate with a reactive silane such that the reactive silane forms a resin in the interstitial spaces of the substrate. The method parameters are controlled such that the resulting hydrophobic cellulosic substrate is compostable.


A novel non-contact micro- and nanomanipulation method is proposed. This method, Dipole Field Manipulation (DFM), exploits the distortion of a uniform magnetic field induced around ferromagnetic cores. While this distortion can generate strong magnetic gradients to induce pulling forces on a manipulated object, the direction of the field can be used to induce magnetic torques. This paper presents a first insight on DFM capabilities and control possibilities. We show that by varying the orientation and strength of the uniform field, DFM has the potential to achieve effective manipulation in up to six degrees of freedom. Using conventional electromagnetic coils as the uniform field source and a mobile core, gradients can reach 1-2 T/m or more in the whole manipulation workspace. Such coils provide fast directional force and torque variation capabilities, and allow an easy access to the workspace for feedback visualization and core positioning. A first concept for a 6-DOF DFM system is proposed. Results of a preliminary experiment where a particle was moved around a 0.5×1 mm rectangular path demonstrate the feasibility of the method to induce sufficient forces in any direction.


THE DETERMINATION OF COST PRICE OF FUSO TUB ORDER
Agung Kurniawan, 2015 (XV + 80pages)
E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com

The final repot aims to find out the determination of the calculation of order cost prince at karoseri CV. Trisakti Utama, Hasan and Indra Jaya Palembang workshops. The author collects data by interview, according to the interview, reached raw material usage data, employee, asset list, and estimation of cost prince of Fuso tub production size 8m 30cm year 2014. From the data, the writer found some problems to the third of karoseri. Namely CV. Trisakti Utama, Hasan and Indra Jaya workshops where hadn't done classification yet between direct raw material cost with auxiliary raw material, the cost of building depreciation and machinery production are not charged into factory overhead cost, electicity usage cost and unaccaunted hire detail in producing of Fuso tub. The writer suggested better the third of karoseri CV. Trisakti Utama, Hasan and Indra Jaya workshops do classification the elements of production cost price accurately mainly to the raw material with the auxiliary raw material cost. Should also include the cost of building depreciation and machinery production, electricity usage cost and rent to the production cost price in order to set the selling price of products coreectly in order to obtain maximal profit.


In this paper, we study the inverse source problem for the biharmonic wave equation. Mathematically, we characterize the radiating sources and non-radiating sources at a fixed wavenumber. We show that a general source can be decomposed into a radiating source and a non-radiating source. The radiating source can be uniquely determined by Dirichlet boundary measurements at a fixed wavenumber. Moreover, we derive a Lipschitz stability estimate for determining the radiating source. On the other hand, the non-radiating source does not produce any scattered fields outside the support of the source function. Numerically, we propose a novel source reconstruction method based on Fourier series expansion by multi-wavenumber boundary measurements. Numerical experiments are presented to verify the accuracy and efficiency of the proposed method.


High degree of polymer backbone planarity is achieved by incorporating intramolecular noncovalent sulfur···oxygen interaction, which also affords good solubility by attaching alkoxy chains at the 3,3′-positions of bithiophene. However, the applications of the resulting polymers are plagued by their high-lying HOMOs due to the strong electron-donating alkoxy chains, resulting in small open-circuit voltages (Vocs) in polymer solar cells. Herein, a novel head-to-head linkage containing 3,3′-dialkoxy-4,4′-dicyano-2,2′-bithiophene (BTCNOR) is invented. Single-crystal X-ray diffraction shows direct evidence of noncovalent sulfur···oxygen interaction and coplanar backbone of BTCNOR. Very low-lying HOMOs (−5.5 to −5.6 eV) of the corresponding polymers with high degree of backbone planarity and good solubility are achieved by introducing strong electron-withdrawing cyano group onto the dialkoxybithiophene. The cyano offsets the effect of the electron-donating alkoxy chain, rendering the new BTCNOR as a weak donor ...


National minimum wage legislation covering all industries has been a long-standing objective of organized labor in Great Britain. In recent years, however, attempts to move toward this goal have attracted little general support from the delegates to the Trades Union Congress, and in some industries unions have worked toward the elimination of statutory wage setting bodies. A number of employers, on the other hand, have resisted abandonment of minimum wage coverage, even though the general policy of employers is hostile to state intervention in the labor market. This author believes that the explanation of these paradoxes is to be found in the recent changes in the interindustry wage structure, with wages increasing less rapidly in the industries subject to minimum wage regulation than in the uncovered industries. (Author's abstract courtesy EBSCO.)


BACKGROUND
Reported iatrogenic injury to the proximal femoral vascular structures is rare after retrograde femoral nailing. Previous cadaveric dissections have recommended placement of proximal interlocking screws above the level of the lesser trochanter.

METHODS
This study is designed to define the arterial vascular anatomy anterior to the proximal medullary canal of the femur, which could be damaged with the placement of anteroposterior (AP) proximal interlocking screws.

RESULTS
Computed tomography angiograms of the structures anterior to the proximal femur demonstrate the presence of arterial branches >2 mm diameter in 100% of study patients at or above the level of the lesser trochanter.

CONCLUSIONS
No true safe zone corridor exists anteriorly for placement of AP interlocking screws in this region. Surgical technique modifications are suggested to minimize the potential risks of iatrogenic arterial injury during retrograde femoral nail AP proximal interlocking.


A clinical trial was carried out with 98 volunteers using a low-dose combination of 30 mug ethinyl and 150 mug D-norgestrel. Because this represents a low level of both active substances, there was doubt as to the efficacy of the new combination and whether a satisfactory bleeding pattern could be maintained. Age distribution, previous pregnancy history, and parity of the subjects are tabulated. A total of 1216 cycles were observed in the 98 women. No pregnancies have been reported in the 2 years in which the study has been running. Bleeding patterns for most of the women were considered satisfactory, with almost 97% of the cycles lasting 28 + or - 3 days and the mean duration of bleeding being 4.3 days. Hypertension was observed in 6.1% and a weight change, either up or down, in a substantial but not statistically significant number of subjects. Other reported side effects are tabulated. Bleeding irregularities accounted for the greatest drop-out rate. Results of the study lead to a conclusion that this combination drug is effective and relatively trouble-free.


Here is a brief summary of the 1951 study of teacher supply and demand, an investigation conducted annually under the sponsorship of the National Commis sion on Teacher Education and Profes sional Standards. It provides a background against which trends may be seen, com parisons may be made, progress meas ured, and a sharper view of unsolved problems obtained. Not only professional workers in all aspects of teacher educa tion, but teachers throughout the nation, students in the various stages of prepara tion, and those yet to choose teaching as an occupation need information of the kind revealed by this type of inquiry. Mr. Maul, the director, serves as Research As sociate of the National Commission. He is on leave of absence from his adminis trative duties at State Teachers College, Emporia, Kansas, for full-time service at the National Education Association head- quarters. Copies of the complete 36-page report containing state-by-state figures on supply, demand, preparation of elementary-school teachers, and live births may be obtained froan the office of the Commission, 1201 Sixteenth Street, Northwest, Washington 6, D. C., for $1.00 each.


It is argued that alongside the mentalistic and the behaviouristic forms, there is a third kind of gaze understanding. Gaze may be understood to be subjective in the sense that there can be diversity across self and other in terms of what is seen, without it being understood to be representational. This form of gaze understanding is more consistent with the evidence on toddlers' understanding of gaze and may well represent a developmentally intermediate form between the behaviouristic and mentalistic forms discussed in the target article. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.


Applying ArcGIS Online application to geological fieldwork provides an alternative way to teach students. This brief report describes an educational innovation for geological fieldwork with the ArcGIS Online application to examine students' learning experiences. In comparison to traditional classrooms, this teaching method enables students to more easily comprehend how geological structures and features connect through the mapping area. This observation indicates that students can think about the structure and deformation events as spatial continuity during acquisition data gathering in the field. Results from independent t-tests between treated and untreated student groups show that the average post-test scores of the treated students were significantly higher than pre-test scores, at a p = 0.05 level, after using ArcGIS Online in fieldwork designed in this study. Therefore, the ArcGIS Online application plays an important role in changing and developing the geological fieldwork in Thailand at the university scale for students. This teaching method could potentially benefit any science teaching and have applications in other disciplines requiring similar skills as well.


A Feng Shui village landscape features Fukugi (Garcinia subelliptica) tree lines surrounding every house and orderly laid out roads. Such a green landscape, which is assumed to be planned or reformed during the modern Ryukyuan period around 300 years ago, is well preserved in Okinawa Island, Japan, and its nearby isolated islands. But it is still a mystery to the historians when and how these Fukugi trees were planted. In order to clarify the development process of the house-embracing Fukugi trees, all Fukugi trees that were assumed to be older than 100 years in Bise, Tonaki, Imadomari, and Aguni Island were measured. It was found that huge Fukugi trees older than 200 years, cluster around the core area kami-asagi or haisyo inside the village. Both the kami-asagi and haisyo are sacred places where guardian gods were summoned in order to hold ceremonies and rituals. The oldest trees were approximately 300, 268, 294, 296, and 281 years in Bise, Tonaki, Imadomari, Yae (East & West), and Hama in Aguni Island, respectively. These old trees might have been planted prior to the period from 1737 to 1750, when Sai On was a member of the Sanshikan, during which Fukugi trees were planned and recommended. While Fukugi trees might have been planted as windbreaks around the houses prior to the Sai On period, however, the current house-embracing Fukugi tree landscape came into being during the Sai On period based on Feng Shui concepts.


This paper proposes, Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) models and algorithms to reduce inputs and increase outputs for an inefficient Decision Making Unit (DMU) in a network DEA. Inputs and outputs considered for change are under constant sum constraint. In a network, DMU composed of multiple divisions, it is possible that changes in inputs and outputs of one division may affect the efficiency of other divisions. At the same time, it is also possible to change the efficiency of a division without changing the efficiency of the entire network. Models to reallocate inputs/outputs under constant sum constraint need to take these possibilities into account. The reallocation of inputs or outputs is done without reducing the network DEA efficiency of the other DMUs. Models and algorithms have been developed to transfer intermediate products from one DMU to another under constant sum constraint. These models and algorithms will help the decision maker to allocate resources more effectively among various divisions in order to improve the efficiency of the system consisting of these interrelated divisions. Theoretical results have been illustrated with the help of a numerical example.


To suppress the impulse noise in the image of the welded joint effectively, the improved switching median (ISM) filter is proposed. In the algorithm, the local statistics based noise detector is adopted to classify the pixels in the image into uncorrupted pixels and noise pixels. The noise-free pixels are left unprocessed. The number of noise pixels is counted to estimate the noise density in the image, based on which the suitable filtering means is adopted to remove the impulse noise. Experimental results show that the ISM filter can suppress noise effectively while preserving fine details very well. The ISM filter gains the obvious advantage over the switching median (SM) filter, filter based on extremum and median value (EM) and progressive switching median(PSM) filter ,especially when the density noise in the image is relatively high.


Fengman dam is a witness of Japanese militarism invading China.It's a product produced in a specific historical condi-tion.By concluding the defects left from the construction of Fengman dam,the author gained a good deal of enlightenments for cur-rent hydropower construction


The reasons of vibration of drainage tubes in heat supply network of two 300MW heat supply units in a power plant were analyzed.Based on this,an improving scheme was put forward,according to which the steam inlet gate of the heat supply network heater had been replaced by adjustable valve,and the drainage electrically operated gate had been replaced by drainage adjustable valve;and the vibration of drainage tubes of heat supply network heater was eliminated.


In this article,the professor WANG Li-zhong's experiences was described,which use the Lipi method to treat the cold,cough,dazzling dizziness,insomnia,stomach pain.Professor WANG Li-zhong Consider that the normal spleen and stomach's ying and wei are harmonious,and there is no phlegm producted.When the functions of five zang viscera are coordinate,the vital qi is sufficiently and the pathogenic qi can't injury to the body.Lipi method incarnates the professor WANG Li-zhong's views to the dieases,its unique to treatment in clinic,and the academic thoughts of treating preventable diseases in Chinese medcine.


We pilot tested a walking intervention designed to leverage available social support among older adult couples to promote increased physical activity. Based on self-determination theory, the purpose of this study was to examine whether greater autonomy support and less persuasion and pressure from one's spouse promoted greater increases in physical activity in an 8-week collaborative versus individual goal-setting intervention. 32 couples age 50 and older were randomized together into a concurrent individual (each person set and evaluated their own goals) or a collaborative (couples set and evaluated cumulative goals together) goal-setting condition. Physical activity was measured using accelerometers. Autonomy support, persuasion, and pressure from one's partner were assessed via questionnaire. While this pilot study was not powered to detect interactions, the condition by persuasion interaction (p = .11) and the condition by pressure interaction (p = .08) displayed meaningful trends. Persuasion and pressure were not associated with change in MVPA in the individual condition, but more use of persuasion and pressure by one's spouse was associated with declines in MVPA in the collaborative condition. There was no meaningful interaction between autonomy support and condition (p = .75).
Larger studies are needed to determine whether these effects are significant and robust. But results suggest that future research examining physical activity interventions that involve social support among couples should consider the quality of supportive interactions, and address minimizing pressure and persuasive tactics.Acknowledgments: The authors would like to acknowledge support from the Clifford Kinley Trust, and a Purdue University Department of Human Development and Family Studies Pilot Grant


The simulation of sintering of a ceramic powder in a monomode microwave cavity has been carried out with COMSOL finite element software. At a given time, a stationary calculation provides the electromagnetic field in both the cavity and the compact when we assume an incident power, and when we suppose that dielectric permittivity and thermal parameters depend on relative density and temperature. From the electric field in the compact, the value of the generated heat is deduced, and a transient thermal calculation is then run with this value as a heat source and with radiating losses at the boundaries of the compact. The density of the compact is updated through a prescribed densification law, and finally, temperature and density kinetics are obtained. The developed tool is used to analyze the influence of the insulation device on heating. The effect of introducing a susceptor in the cavity for the purpose of hybrid heating is also investigated.


Recently multicarrier communications (MC), eg, OFDM systems, have received a lot of interest. Multicarrier schemes increase the efficiency and capacity of wireless networks, but are very sensitive to carrier frequency synchronization errors. We explore a framework to exploit temporal and spatial diversities to improve the performance of such schemes in the downlink or uplink by enhancing synchronization. The estimator developed here does not depend on the presence of repeated known symbols or pilot tones. Diversity modes are accessed via a common notation and this allows us to conveniently generalize to temporal or spatial diversity reception schemes. The acquisition limit of the proposed algorithm is not limited to half a subcarrier spacing as is the case with many other blind algorithms. Performance of the algorithm is carried out with simulation studies and a summary of our findings for temporal and spatial diversity are reported.


Artifical graphite materials from different sources were used as anode materials for lithium ion batteries.Their electrochemical performance and physicochemical properties were compared.As the raw material,one kind of artifical graphites was treated by shaping,carbon coating and surface oxidation modification,with different equipments and processes.The effects of these above treatments on the distribution of particle size,tap density,specific surface area and electrochemical performance of graphite were investigated.The results show that the shaping process and equipments,carbon coating and surface oxidation modification are important for improving the performance of anode materials.


A microencapsulation procedure in which water-soluble nonionic polymers (especially, polyethylene oxide or polyethylene glycol) were added to gelatin-base coacervation systems is described. The advantages of this method are: (a) The addition of a small amount of polyethylene glycol (PEG) or polyethylene oxide (PEO) to a complex coacervation system (e.g., gelatin-acacia) allows microencapsulation to occur over an expanded pH region (pH 2-9 in gelatin-acacia). (b) These polymers induce phase separation in an aqueous solution of gelatin alone and enable the preparation of gelatin-coated microcapsules not only in the vicinity of the isoelectric point (pH 9.0), but over a wide pH range (pH 5.5-9.5). (c) Spherical single-seeded microcapsules can be obtained.


Roses are the most important commercial ornamental plants grown for flowers, perfumery and nutraceutical compounds. Commercially cultivated roses (Rosa × hybrida L.) are complex interspecific hybrids probably derived from 8-10 wild species among the large diversity of 130-200 species in genus Rosa. Wild germplasm is a primary source of variability and plays a major role in improving existing varieties by broadening their genetic base. In the present investigation, we have utilized the previously identified SSR primers for studying the diversity among 148 selected rose genotypes, including wild species and cultivated varieties of Indian and exotic origin. A total of 88 alleles was scored using 30 polymorphic loci; they produced average 2.9±1 alleles per locus. Polymorphism information content (PIC) values for different SSR loci ranged from 0.08 to 0.8 with a mean value of 0.5±0.2. The neighbor-joining tree generated based on Nei's (1978) genetic distance values grouped the population into three major clusters. Cluster-I and II consists of all modern rose cultivars (Rosa × hybrida L.) originated from India and cluster-III consists of all exotic cultivars, wild species and a few cultivars from India. STRUCTURE analysis based on microsatellite allelic data, partitioned the total rose genotypes into four different sub-populations with some individual genotypes having genomic admixture. Population subdivision estimates, FST between different subpopulations ranged from 0.01-0.15 indicates low to moderate level of divergence existing among the rose cultivars and germplasm. Population differentiation in rose cultivars and wild species corresponds to their geographical origin and lineages. Analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) results revealed that 83.12 % of the variance was accounted for by within sub-groups followed by significant levels of variation among the populations (10.42%) and least variance (6.46%) was noticed among individuals within groups.


Two methods for preventing the deterioration of the accuracy of iterative region-of-interest (ROI) reconstruction are proposed. Both methods apply filters; the first one applies them to the whole region the outside the region of interest (outside ROI) without distinguishing objects ("method 1", hereafter); and the second one applies them to only the air and patient-table regions while masking other objects outside the ROI ("method 2"). The effectiveness of both methods was evaluated in terms of simulated CT values by using two different phantoms. Method 1 reduced the artifact intensity level by 86% (at most) compared with that obtained with the conventional method. In the case of an object with high attenuation coefficient, method 2 decreases the level more than method 1. In other words, method 2 improves reconstruction accuracy without causing deterioration by the filters. By selecting either method 1 or 2 in accordance with the attenuation coefficient in regions of objects to be imaged, it is possible to reduce the error level compared with the conventional method.


At this time, a way to improve insight in a field can be by reading books, watching television, attending exhibitions, visiting museums. Another way that is currently often used to add insight is to attend a seminar, both seminars with national and international scales. With the rapid development of technology and now almost advanced technology systems putting forward online as one of the ways of accessibility in meeting every need, Persada Indonesia University YAI makes an innovative idea of creating a web system to register national scale seminar registration with various technology topics which can be followed by anyone. In the web there will also be various kinds of competitions that can be followed by various teams and visits to large industries that certainly add to the insight.


This diploma thesis is focused on methods, by which is possible to remove biological contaminations from the water. The tested methods were photocatalysis, photolysis, the using of hypochlorites and hydrogen peroxide. The tested organisms were Parachlorella kessleri, Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Escherichia coli. On the basis this experiments were determinated the effects of individual methods.


Miscommunication has always intrigued researchers in and outside linguistics. This book takes a different perspective from what has been proposed so far and postulates a case for intercultural miscommunication as a linguistically-based phenomenon in various intercultural milieus. The contributions address cases of intercultural miscommunication in potentially confrontational contexts, like professional communities of practice, intercultural differences in various English-speaking countries, political discourse, classroom discourse, or the discourse of the past. The frameworks employed include cultural scripts, critical discourse analysis, lexicographic analysis, glosses of untranslatable terms, and diachronic pragmatics. The book shows the omnipresence of miscommunication, ranging from everyday exchanges through classroom discourse, professional encounters, to literary contexts and political debates, past and present.


On account of the present 110kV unattended substations and the problems in the practical work,in this paper,a suit of practical measures are proposed to shorten the 110kV lines outage time.The application of these measures has effectively improved the 110kV power grid reliability and safe operation level.


The IEEE 802.16 standard specifies the air interface of broadband wireless access (BWA) systems supporting multimedia services. The applications are varied in their nature and demand different performance levels in order to maintain the appropriate quality of service (QoS). The network should guarantee the pre-defined QoS requirements through an adequate resource allocation and admission control schemes. In this paper we propose a connection admission control method that takes into consideration specific QoS parameters of the ongoing connections and the new requests. The method is based on an optimization approach where the maximum allowed mean delay and the mean data queue lengths corresponding to the connections are used as decision criteria for accepting the new requests for service. The solution of the defined optimization problem also gives the optimal resource allocation. Since solving the optimization problem for a large number of connections can be time consuming, we propose a simple and practical algorithm for obtaining the optimal solution.


We show that the hierarchically small μ term in supersymmetric theories is a consequence of two identical pairs of Higgs doublets taking a democratic form for their mass matrix. We briefly discuss the discrete symmetry S(2)×S(2) toward the democratic mass matrix. Then, we show that there results an approximate Peccei-Quinn symmetry and hence the value μ is related to the axion decay constant.


Summer Reading Lists With summer in full swing, there are a number of summer reading lists available to help find great books for your kids. The Canadian Children's Book Centre (CCBC) list includes a great number of titles arranged by topic matter, reading level and age level. The CCBC has also recently launched of a new online edition of Best Books for Kids & Teens , an online version of the CCBC's semi-annual selection guide to the best Canadian books for children and young adults. Other reading lists worth noting include the  Association for Library Service to Children (ALSC) list for 2016 , Bookology Magazine's Quirky Book Lists and via the CBC 15 Pride reads for youth and 15 Canadian Indigenous Reads . Best wishes for a great summer of reading! Remembering Larry Loyie It is with great sadness that we heard of the passing of Cree author Larry Loyie on April 18th, 2016 . Loyie was born in Slave Lake Alberta and wrote a number of young adult and children's books. Goodbye Buffallo Bay and As Long as the Rivers Flow told of his own experiences in a residential school when he was young. In The Moon Speaks Cree: A Winter Adventure a young boy learns about Cree culture and his award-winning Gathering Tree confronted issues of HIV with a younger audience. These books, along with many other works for adult audiences, will serve as a legacy to what was a powerful voice in first nations and Canadian children's literature. Larry passed away at home in Edmonton. Festivals and Events Most book festivals across Canada have already passed for the summer but if you are looking towards the fall you can look into the Taleblazers Literary Arts Festival for Children put on by the Young Alberta Book Society from October 3-November 4, 2016. I am pleased to be writing my first News, Awards and Announcements for the Deakin Review. I have served as a reviewer and editor in past years and I look forward to sharing news on children's and young adult literature in Canada and beyond. I am always looking for suggestions, so if you have news you would like me to include in future issues please send me an email at firstname.lastname@example.com . Best wishes for a great summer of reading! Hanne Hanne Pearce has worked at the University of Alberta Libraries since 2004. Aside from being an avid reader, she has continuing interests in writing, photography, graphic design and knitting.


The zwitterionic (ammoniomethyl)tetrafluorosilicates F4SiCH2NH2(CH2)nMe (n = 5−11; compounds 4−10) were synthesized by reaction of the corresponding (aminomethyl)triethoxysilanes (EtO)3SiCH2NH(CH2)nMe (n = 5−11; compounds 13−19) with HF. The silanes 13−19 were obtained by reaction of (EtO)3SiCH2Cl with the corresponding n-alkylamines H2N(CH2)nMe (n = 5−11). The zwitterionic (ammoniomethyl)tetrafluorosilicate F4SiCH2NMe2(CH2)5Me (11), the N,N-dimethyl derivative of 4, was synthesized by reaction of (MeO)3SiCH2NMe2 with n-C6H13Br, followed by reaction of the resulting quaternary ammonium salt [(MeO)3SiCH2NMe2(CH2)5Me]Br with HF. Compounds 4−11 are characterized by the presence of a pentacoordinate (formally negatively charged) silicon atom and a tetracoordinate (formally positively charged) nitrogen atom. F4SiCH2NH2(CH2)9Me (8) was structurally characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. The coordination polyhedron around the silicon atom of 8 in the crystal is a slightly distorted trigonal bipyramid...


A multi-objective design framework is presented based on Pareto theory for complicated multiple variables, multiple objectives and multiple constraints in wind turbine optimization. The basic features of the integrated optimization design are discussed through a 1.5 MW large-scale wind turbine blade design as an example. Key issues in both the wind turbine aerodynamic calculation methods and the unsteady aerodynamic modeling are then introduced with a summary of the complexity of wind turbine aerodynamics, followed by a brief review on progress and challenges in the aerodynamic calculations and models one by one.


Road Safety Audit Software is designed for supporting safety audit work.The Audit software,designed by integrating road safety evaluation method and evaluation index system,can finally get the safety audit evaluation results and special reports.This article describes two foreign road safety audit tools.On the basis of analyzing road safety audit object and procedures,software design ideas are explained in many ways,such as design concept,demand analysis,content modules design and analysis methods.


Invasion, metastasis and therapy resistance are the major cause of cancer‐associated deaths, and the EMT‐inducing transcription factor ZEB1 is a crucial stimulator of these processes. While work on ZEB1 has mainly focused on its role as a transcriptional repressor, it can also act as a transcriptional activator. To further understand these two modes of action, we performed a genome‐wide ZEB1 binding study in triple‐negative breast cancer cells. We identified ZEB1 as a novel interactor of the AP‐1 factors FOSL1 and JUN and show that, together with the Hippo pathway effector YAP, they form a transactivation complex, predominantly activating tumour‐promoting genes, thereby synergising with its function as a repressor of epithelial genes. High expression of ZEB1, YAP, FOSL1 and JUN marks the aggressive claudin‐low subtype of breast cancer, indicating the translational relevance of our findings. Thus, our results link critical tumour‐promoting transcription factors: ZEB1, AP‐1 and Hippo pathway factors. Disturbing their molecular interaction may provide a promising treatment option for aggressive cancer types.


Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to explore the intersection of gender, sexuality and occupation and to analyse how male cabin crew utilize space in managing gender identity. Design/methodology/approach – The paper draws on a project where interviews were conducted with 17 male cabin crew, all aged < 35 years, from 5 different airlines in airports in the South East of England. The crew worked in a mixture of short-haul, low-cost and long-haul global carriers. Findings – The paper shows how men in a feminized service role negotiate masculine subjectivities within and through space and how gendered meanings attached to space can impress on and both challenge and be challenged by the performances and subjectivities of individuals within them. Research limitations/implications – The findings on which the paper is based surface the diverse challenges facing men in non-traditional roles – an area that would profit from further research in different contexts. Further, the findings have implications for wor...


Let ΦA,ω 6= d(β). In [33], it is shown that |K| 6= e. We show that Is,ι 3 2. Recent developments in differential topology [33] have raised the question of whether 1 ∞ 6= sup ω→1 λ̃ ( 1 π ) . Recent developments in elliptic Lie theory [27, 17] have raised the question of whether Huygens's conjecture is false in the context of categories.


2 Abstract: The objective of this work was to examine the toxicological effects of two major heavy metal pollutants sodium arsenite (NaAsO ) and mercuric chloride (HgCl ), in fresh water climbing perch, Anabas 22 testudineus (Bloch). Static bioassays were conducted in the laboratory for 96 hours to determine the median lethal concentrations (LC ) of NaAsO and HgCl to A. testudineus. Two preliminary trials were conducted to 50 2 2 figure out the suitable ranges to be used in the final trials of lethality test. In final trials, mortality of fish was recorded at 6, 12, 24, 48, 72 and 96 hours of exposure. The LC values and their 95% confidence limits for 50 2 0.606 ppm (95% confidence limit, 0.228 to 1.293), respectively.


This article examines the effect of relative technological capabilities on Japanese direct investment into the United States by looking simultaneously at industry conditions in the two markets. A negative binomial regression model is specified to estimate the effects of R & D capability and industry structure on a count measure of Japanese entries across 297 industries. The results indicate that Japanese direct investment in the United States is drawn to industries intensive in R & D expenditures summed across both countries; voluntary restraints on Japanese exports encourage direct investment. When the entries are disaggregated by mode (e.g., new plant or acquisition), there is a significant indication that joint ventures are used for the sourcing and sharing of U.S. technological capabilities. Copyright 1991 by MIT Press.


A time‐series composed of 156 ASTER derived Digital Elevation Models (DEMs) and a radar‐penetration‐bias corrected version of the Shuttle Radar Topography Mission (SRTM) DEM is used to derive ice surface height and volume changes at the Southern Patagonian Ice Field (SPI) in southern South America. The observations, made between February 2000 and March 2012, indicate that the ice field is rapidly losing volume at many of the largest outlet glaciers, and in most cases thinning extends to the highest elevations of the ice field. Mass loss is occurring at a rate of −20.0 ± 1.2 Gt a−1, which, when summed with mass‐loss at the adjacent Northern Patagonian Ice Field results in a combined rate of −24.4 ± 1.4 Gt a−1, equivalent to +0.067 ± 0.004 mm a−1of sea level rise. Our decade‐long mass loss rates are substantially higher than those derived during the last three decades of the 20th century, but are in good agreement with recent GRACE observations. Our volume loss estimate is sensitive to constraints applied to the amount of thickening in the accumulation zone. New field measurements and a continued DEM time‐series will be required to refine our estimates.


Currently, there is a mismatch between the potential and the reality of capturing value from the Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT). Furthermore, the lack of empirical guidance on appropriate IIoT business models isn't helping to address this mismatch. Based on a content analysis of IIoT projects from entrepreneurial firms and incumbents, which we collected from 1,043 publications in industry trade magazines and newspapers over a six-year period (2011-2017), this article identifies IIoT-specific business model elements and archetypes. Our study provides two main contributions. First, our analysis enables a broad understanding of IIoT business models in practice by taking into account different perspectives. Our findings reveal different business model archetypes in the context of IIoT, namely: IIoT digical, IIoT service-centered, IIoT data-driven, and IIoT platform. Second, we derive specific management implications for capturing value from IIoT business models based on our exploration of IIoT business model elements.


Coaxial helicity injection is used to form and sustain low aspect ratio tokamaks at currents of up to 250 kA in the Helicity Injected Tokamak experiment. Plasma currents can be sustained at an average of 225 kA for 2 ms, with on axis electron thermal energies up to 80 eV, or for longer times, 140 kA average for 7 ms, many resistive diffusion times. Spectroscopic measurements of the higher current discharges suggest burn-through of oxygen impurities. These plasmas have a rotating n = 1 distortion, appearing only on the outer, bad-curvature region. Equilibria reconstruction , fitting to experimental data, shows tokamak q profiles achieved with hollow plasma current profiles. 11 refs., 4 figs., 1 tab.


SUMMARY The Evaluation of Knowledge and Practice About Insulin Injection Method of  Diabetic Patients: This study has been performed in a descriptive manner with the purpose of providing a direction for teaching and applications of nurses and patients/families, as well as of preparing training materials upon assessment of insulin injection procedure of diabetics >yho perform sel{injection of insulin. This study was based on 250 diabetics with an age of 16 and over, who attended polyclinics of Department of Diabetes and Metabolism of Istanbul University Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, as well as polyclinics of Turkish Diabetes Society Hospital, between September 05,2000 and February 09,2001. An interview form was used to collect the data, and the said data has been evaluated by means of appropriate statistical methods.  It has been determined upon evaluation of the findings within scope of such survey that 60_,8_ % _used insuljn pen, and the remaining 39,2% used insulin. i1~jector a~ the method of mJect1011, and t9)lt those subjects, who used pen and had a trammg on d1abe. tes, were better equipped as to their acknowledgement regarding insulin .injection procedure.  In conclusion, it has been considered that data regarding the porcedure for insulin injection of diabetic individuals insufficient/inadequate, and that parallel to such finding, training materials should be developed and the same made available to nurses and patients as well as families thereof by means of periodic training programs. Key Words: Diabetes mellitus, Insulin injection method.


We present a technology of a growing of pure and doped sillenite crystals and the results of a study of two-beam mixing in these crystals at wavelength (lambda) equals 633 nm. We have employed the single-carrier model of the photorefractive effect with shallow and deep traps to the explanation of the experimental results.


This paper considers the problem of weak signal detection in the presence of navigation data bits for Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) receivers. Typically, a set of partial coherent integration outputs are non-coherently accumulated to combat the effects of model uncertainties such as the presence of navigation data-bits and/or frequency uncertainty, resulting in a sub-optimal test statistic. In this work, the test-statistic for weak signal detection is derived in the presence of navigation data-bits from the likelihood ratio. It is highlighted that averaging the likelihood ratio based test-statistic over the prior distributions of the unknown data bits and the carrier phase uncertainty leads to the conventional Post Detection Integration (PDI) technique for detection. To improve the performance in the presence of model uncertainties, a novel cyclostationarity based sub-optimal PDI technique is proposed. The test statistic is analytically characterized, and shown to be robust to the presence of navigation data-bits, frequency, phase and noise uncertainties. Monte- Carlo simulation results illustrate the validity of the theoretical results and the superior performance offered by the proposed detector in the presence of model uncertainties.


Loop regions in proteins have traditionally been described as 'random coil', although they are known to adopt well‐defined conformations in most globular proteins. In this contribution we summarize the results of detailed analysis of the structures and sequences of these loop regions in proteins of known three‐dimensional structure. We also describe how these results can be used as an aid to protein design, modification and modelling.


It is often necessary to grow large quantities of lambda‐derived vectors, so that DNA can be made from them. This unit describes a procedure for making a phage stock by plate lysis, and an gives details on how to make a liquid lysate. Storage of phage lysates is described in a .


The invention discloses an electronic whiteboard positioning method, which comprises the following steps of: 1, selecting four point coordinates in an electronic whiteboard coordinate system as whiteboard reference point coordinates, selecting four point coordinates in a computer screen coordinate system as computer screen reference point coordinates, and building a mapping relationship between two reference point coordinates; 2, substituting the coordinates into a whiteboard coordinate and computer screen mapping relationship to solve parameter values; 3, building a mapping relationship between electronic whiteboard measuring coordinates and computer screen points according to the parameter values obtained through calculation; and 4, performing any position positioning in a located region of an electronic whiteboard according to the mapping relationship. The electronic whiteboard positioning method has the advantages that an accurate mapping relationship between the electronic whiteboard measuring coordinates and the computer screen point coordinates is built; the errors of an electronic whiteboard plane due to ideal easel plane rotation are eliminated; the positioning method is simple; and the positioning effect is precise.


On the Neilgherry Mountains in South India are now growing nearly three millions of trees of cinchona of various species. The greater part of these are on plantations belonging to Government, and are the result of the introduction from South America and successful naturalization of these valuable febrifuge-yielding plants by the Government of India, under circumstances which have long since been made public. The chemical investigations which during the last three years have been made, for the purpose of settling the various economic questions connected with the production of the febrifuge constituents of the bark, have led to some conclusions of scientific interest. I have the honour in the subsequent pages of communicating to the Royal Society the most important of these, and the experimental grounds on which they depend. These inquiries have been made under circumstances of great advantage, for the living plants have never before been under the control of the experimenter. The ability to study the changes occurring in the growing tissues cannot fail to throw light on the formation and physiological functions of the chemical constituents whose production is the object of the undertaking.


The adsorption of the alanine dipeptide onto a gold surface in aqueous conditions was explored by using molecular dynamics simulations. In particular, using Metadynamics, we reconstructed a three-dimensional free energy landscape to investigate the effect of the metal surface on such landscape. The results show that the adsorption process is able to strongly modify the internal free energy surface of the molecule, even changing its qualitative appearance. The new free energy global minimum corresponds to elongated conformations of the biomolecule, arranged in preferred orientations with respect to the surface. Therefore, the surface-induced changes in the relative stability of the local free energy minima and in the free-energy barriers between them show that the entire conformational ensemble and the interconformer dynamics are also affected by the presence of the surface. The alanine dipeptide is the simplest molecule that exhibits the main features shown by larger peptides. Therefore, these findings pr...


Introduction to a technology which use the Delphi 6 to simulate and emulate MCS-51 singlechip MPU in Windows OS,which concentrated on IDE software development for users.It described how to create a kind of Soft-core of MCS-51 using Pascal Language with the characters of 51series singlechip,and built a type of simulate software for the assemble language based on the Soft-core.At the same time,analysed the process about the assemble language based in the Soft-core and the process about the establishment of this kind of simulation and debugging environment.Have searched the EDA technology,and then integrated it into our applications directly.It is proved feasible in reality after synthesizing the process of development and test.It provided a idea for the development of homemade EDA sofeware.At last introduced the technology's application prospect.


As a female writer in Taiwan,Zhu Tianwen,in her novels,puts more emphasis on the relationship between the two genders in the social transformation.By depicting the real life of common people,she presents their inner world under the interaction of traditional and foreign cultures.By picturing the fate of marginalized Taiwan women,Zhu Tianwen demonstrates decadence and helplessness at the end of the last century,which overthrows and deconstructs the mainstream culture.


Prognostication of peanut allergy (PNA) is relevant for early interventions. We aimed to determine baseline parameters associated with the development of PNA in 3‐ to 15‐month‐olds with likely egg and/or milk allergy, and/or moderate to severe atopic dermatitis (AD) and a positive egg/milk skin prick test (SPT), but no known PNA.


The invention discloses a device for drying lignite by microwave fluidization. The device comprises a microwave heating chamber and a fluidized bed, wherein the fluidized bed is arranged at the bottom of the microwave heating chamber and communicated with the microwave heating chamber; the microwave heating chamber comprises a metal furnace shell capable of shielding microwaves, a material inlet and a smoke gas exhaust port are arranged at the top of the furnace shell, at least one microwave generation device is arranged on the side surface of the furnace shell, a cylindrical ceramic furnace tube through which microwaves can penetrate is further arranged in the furnace shell, a plurality of layers of annular metal baffle plates are arranged along the inner wall of the ceramic furnace tubefrom top to bottom, a rotating shaft is arranged at the center of the ceramic furnace tube, a plurality of rake-shaped structural members which correspond to the metal baffle plates respectively are fixedly arranged on the rotating shaft along the axial direction, and a tapered material guide disc is fixedly arranged on each rake-shaped structural member; and the fluidized bed is in vertical structure, an air chamber of the fluidized bed is connected with a hot air furnace through a first hot air inlet pipe and an overflow pipe connected with a finished product warehouse is arranged at the upper part of the fluidized bed. By adopting the device, the large-scale, fast, low-energy-consumption and deep-drying production of the lignite can be realized.


Facile synthesis of water-soluble polymer bound Pd(0) phosphine catalyst is described. This recyclable polymeric catalyst is soluble in aqueous or aqueous/organic media and has high activity in nuelephilic allylic substitution. Heck reaction and hydrogenation.


Obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) is a risk factor for stroke, but little is known about the effect of OSA and continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) on the incidence of long-term, nonfatal cardiovascular events (CVE) in stroke patients. A prospective observational study was made in 223 patients consecutively admitted for stroke. A sleep study was performed on 166 of them. 31 had an apnoea/hypopnoea index (AHI) <10 events·h−1; 39 had an AHI between 10 and 19 events·h−1 and 96 had an AHI ≥20 events·h−1. CPAP treatment was offered when AHI was ≥20 events·h−1. Patients were followed up for 7 yrs and incident CVE data were recorded. The mean±sd age of the subjects was 73.3±11 yrs; mean AHI was 26±16.7 events·h−1. Patients with moderate-to-severe OSA who could not tolerate CPAP (AHI ≥20 events·h−1; n=68) showed an increased adjusted incidence of nonfatal CVE, especially new ischaemic strokes (hazard ratio 2.87, 95% CI 1.11–7.71; p=0.03), compared with patients with moderate-to-severe OSA who tolerated CPAP (n=28), patients with mild disease (AHI 10–19 events·h−1; n=36) and patients without OSA (AHI <10 events·h−1; n=31). Our results suggest that the presence of moderate-to-severe OSA is associated with an increased long-term incidence of nonfatal CVE in stroke patients and that CPAP reduces the excess of incidence seen in these patients.


Abstract. Spectral Indices derived from Remote Sensing (RS) data are widely used for characterizing Earth System dynamics. The increasing amount of spectral indices led to the creation of spectral indices catalogues, such as the Awesome Spectral Indices (ASI) ecosystem. Google Earth Engine (GEE) is a cloud-based geospatial processing service with an Application Programming Interface (API) that is accessible through JavaScript (Code Editor) and Python. Tools for computing indices, including raster operations, normalized differences, and expression evaluation methods have been developed in the API. However, users still have to hard-code spectral indices for the JavaScript library since there are no implementations that link catalogues of spectral indices to the Code Editor. Here we present spectral, a module that links the Awesome Spectral Indices (ASI) catalogue to GEE for querying and computing spectral indices inside the Code Editor. The module allows accessing and computing spectral indices from the catalogue for multiple remote sensing products in GEE. All indices can be queried by using a key-value model and computed by using a single method. The module demonstrates that spectral indices can be easily computed inside the Code Editor. Image and Image Collection objects can be used for the calculation of all spectral indices in the catalogue if the specific dataset counts with the required bands. We anticipate that spectral will be used by most GEE users for Earth System research. Analyses conducted by the community will be sped up by avoiding hard-coding and RS investigations will be boosted.


Simple and fast high efficiency transformation of Sphingomonas and Sphingopyxis was achieved using non-frozen and frozen cell suspensions. The transformation frequencies for Sphingomonas paucimobilis and Sphingopyxis sp. were 1.7x10 8 and 7.2x10 6 transformants /µg plasmids, respectively, and even in case of competent cells stored in -80°C, they were 8.3x10 7 and 3.8x10 6 transformants /µg plasmids, respectively. These efficiencies were very high, and thus this methods would be usable for direct cloning.


The aim of this article is to analyze the outflow of resources deriving from the European Union funds under the Operational Programme Development of Eastern Poland (OP DEP) 2007–2013 concerning the territory of five voivodships which are the part of the Eastern Poland Macroregion: Lubelskie, Podkarpackie, Podlaskie, Świętokrzyskie and WarmińskoMazurskie. The authors of this analysis made an attempt to study the idea of implementation of projects related to investments in transport infrastructures under the Priority Axis III: Voivodship Growth Centres, especially with an indication of the development of urban transport. The major objective to initiate The Operational Programme Development of Eastern Poland as an instrument for implementing European Union cohesion policy was to equal development opportunities and improve the competitiveness in the poorest voivodships in Poland. Due to the fact that intensification of integration processes in Europe promotes the existence of evident regional disparities as well as disproportions between the particular Member States, it seemed to be essential to support the less economically developed regions, paying special attention to citizens having the lowest standard of living. Report of the implementation of projects under the OP DEP 2007–2013 provides the basis for assessing the current outflow of resources, their effectiveness as well as creating recommendations for future under the ongoing Financial Framework 2014–2020. JEL Classification Codes: R11, R53.


The primary objective of smart heating systems is to maintain a comfortable temperature in the rooms. The aim of o ur paper is to propose a method for increasing electric efficiency of older houses heating systems by making simple changes in heating pumps. It has been demonstrated that appropriate start-stop control of the pump may result in significant reduction of the overall pump operation time. The boiler is assumed to be an ideal one, the temperatures of which are always constant and equal (60oC) at the zones of connection of the supply and return pipes. In this model the temperature of the heated space (HS) is assumed to be uniform throughout its volume. The temperature of the HS is influenced by the heat exchange processes through its outer surface, as well as, through the surface of the heater in contact with HS. The heat conductivity and surface convection coefficients of the heater are assessed by assuming it as an equivalent pipe. The transient heat transfer problem is solved under assumption that the heating fluid flow rate is a known time function. The aim of the analysis is to find the time law of the fluid flow rate, which ensures minimum power consumption by the pump. Steady temperature of HS within given tolerances must be maintained. The relationships of the steady temperatures in the heated space against the time part during the period at different temperatures of the boiler are presented in diagram. The curves demonstrate that the decrease of temperatures of the HS due to the decrease of the average flow rate is almost independent on the temperature of the boiler, until the time part during the pulse time period is not less than 1/4. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5755/j01.mech.22.1.12244


In matters of family protection as society's fundamental core, the Colombian State has subscribed and ratified commitments, so woman and children are granted special protection. The purpose of the study is to collect all the information about the protection agreements that the Colombian State has subscribed and ratified with international organizations in charge of safeguarding human rights -at the international level-, expressed in the Political Constitution of 1991, and included as constitutional block. Based on a bibliographic and archive review, the aim is to demonstrate that, even with such normativity, there is no capability in our country to avoid that each day women and children are mistreated and murdered, which results in the rupture of peace and harmony within the family in Colombia.


In this correspondence paper, we analytically characterize the benefit of digital processing in uplink massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) with a sub-connected hybrid architecture. By assuming that the number of radio frequency chains is equal to that of users, we characterize achievable rates of both pure analog detection and hybrid detection under the independent identically distributed Rayleigh fading channel model. From the derived expressions, we discover that the analog processing can outperform the hybrid processing using the maximal ratio combining or zero-forcing criterion in cases under some engineering assumptions. Performance comparison of the schemes are presented under tests with various number of users and number of antennas at the base station.


A series of highly efficient and thermally stable electro-optic (EO) polymers have been developed by poling and crosslinking in situ the blend of high glass-transition temperature (Tg) anthracene-containing polymers and acrylate-functionalized dendritic nonlinear optical (NLO) chromophores. By molecular engineering of the shape, nonlinearity, Tg, and crosslinking moieties of the chromophores and polymers, the resultant materials showed significantly enhanced EO activities (r33 values as high as 126 pm V−1 at 1310 nm) and alignment stability (up to 200 °C). Poling efficiency of these EO polymers could be improved by 35–50% by using simplified lattice hardening and poling protocols. The combined good processability, large EO activities, and high temperature stability endow these materials as promising candidates for device exploration in the CMOS-based photonics.


Herein, a new supramolecular photocatalyst RuRe3 containing three Re(dmb)CO3Cl (dmb=4,4'‐dimethyl‐2,2'‐bipyridine) (Re) building blocks connected through an ethylene bridge to one [Ru(dmb)3]2+‐unit (Ru) is presented. We investigated the photophysical properties of this novel tetranuclear complex and compared these to compounds with one (RuRe) and two (RuRe2) catalytic units. Under irradiation, all three photocatalysts exhibit high activity and photostability for the reduction of CO2 to CO, with RuRe3 achieving the highest turnover number (11800) reported to date for a Re(I)/Ru(II)‐containing homogeneous catalyst. This tetranuclear complex is especially superior at small catalyst concentrations, which is attributed to an efficient second electron transfer via an intramolecular mechanism. Intermolecular electron transfer from small and mobile Re to RuRe motifs are found to also increase the catalytic performance of the system to a similar level (turnover number=12100). These synergistic effects are attributed to an improved catalytic cycle, stabilizing the bi‐ and tetrametallic complexes by providing the electrons quickly and effectively. Since the second electron provision is not finally clarified for molecular systems until today, our photocatalytic studies present important insights into this crucial step. Further, these investigations should be considered for the design and synthesis of new and efficient supramolecular CO2‐reducing photocatalysts.


This Paper is related to the production of artificial turbulence in the test set up. I in this test set up the impact of turbulence intensity on the flicker initiated in the wind turbine output can be studied. In this test set up the blower fans are fitted on all sides of the test set up. The speed of each fan can be controlled with help of a speed regulator. The wind turbine model is kept in the test set up. The desired blower fans are started. The speed of the wind turbine is measured with help of the anemometer provided. The direction of the wind can be observed with help of the smoke gun provided. The output voltage waveform can be observed on the digital storage oscilloscope. The impact of turbulence on the flicker initiated in the turbine output voltage can be observed. Swiveling wheels are provided to the test set up. So the test set up is mobile and can be moves easily in the laboratory.


al, in the sense that it focuses on the issue of allegory, its origins, nature and varieties, while P. spends rather more time on the Homeric Problems itself, its date, style, structure, and possible sources. The broader perspective of R.-K. means that their introduction is in effect a brief but very useful survey and analysis of ancient allegorical criticism, which contains several important observations. Particularly enlightening is K.'s refinement of the modern view of allegory (as opposed to metonymy) as requiring not only the use of a transferred or hidden meaning of a term, but also that 'allegory should involve, at a minimum, two such terms, and in addition some relation ... that obtains between them, and which is also understood symbolically' (R.-K. xvi-xvii). On this definition, claiming that a particular god stands for something else (e.g. Dionysus for wine) is not fully fledged allegory – that only comes about when (e.g.) Dionysus' relationships with other individuals are interpreted metaphorically as representing something else (such as Dionysus fleeing in terror from Lycurgus as referring to a wine-harvest, Heraclit. 35.1-8). Important too is K.'s claim (R.-K. xxiv-xxvii) that in some ways allegorical interpretation anticipates modern literary criticism much more than the 'functional' ancient rhetorical criticism we are used to associating with the term 'ancient literary criticism', and represented by Aristotle, Longinus, etc. Such rhetorical criticism is directed at the acquisition of skills on the part of the reader or audience, while allegorical criticism focuses rather on the meaning of the text, as does modern literary criticism (though the kinds of meaning they find are, of course, very different). P.'s introduction also considers allegory in ancient criticism and its relationship to modern literary theory, but focuses principally on the allegorical method of Heraclitus himself, and (e.g.) its differences from the approach of Cornutus. P. also has a rather fuller section on the layout of the Homeric Problems itself (P. 17-19), as well as a particularly useful section on the style of the treatise (P. 10ff.), where P. brings out the vigorous nature of Heraclitus' defence of Homer, as exemplified in my opening quotation (taken from R.-K.'s translation), and illustrates such features as the prominent (and unHomeric) first person of the Homeric Problems. P. also devotes a significant part of his introduction to the treatise's genre and 'sources', topics which R.-K.'s introduction largely (and regrettably) avoids. Where R.K. think that it is 'guesswork' (R.-K. xxix) to speculate about the audience or genre of the Homeric Problems beyond the observation that it is both sophisticated and rhetorical, P., who compares (e.g.) the lost Defence of Homer against Plato of Dio Chrysostom attested in the Suda (d 1240), sees it as a 'halbphilosophische Schrift' in the context of a wider debate about Plato and Homer (both P. and R.-K. tentatively date Heraclitus to around AD 100, though on different grounds). I missed, however, in both introductions some examination of Heraclitus' engagement with the details of Homer's epics at a level below his allegorical interpretation, such as his argument that the Iliad must have taken place in the summer (Heraclit. 9), which might be profitably compared and contrasted with the approaches we find in the Homeric scholia (as might Heraclitus' assumption that the Greeks are superior to the 'barbarians' in intelligence, Heraclit. 9.9). The notes to the translation in the two books also reveal the differences between them: R.-K's are generally brief and explain references in the text (e.g. to passages of various poets), offer parallels, etc., while P.'s notes are much fuller and provide much more information on the background of the Homeric Problems, its quotation of Homer and other poets, and its allegorical interpretations. Partly because of their greater length, one supposes, P.'s notes are in a separate section after the translation, rather than at the foot of the page as in R.-K. (which makes the latter easier to use). The usefulness of P.'s notes is also badly affected by the lack of an index (happily R.-K. include both an index of names and subjects and an index locorum). The translations in both are excellent, and capture the lively force of much of Heraclitus' argument. Both books are generally well produced (though P. is more sturdy than R.-K.), with only the occasional error, and both will surely contribute to the growth in the study of Heraclitus and ancient allegory. A.D. MORRISON University of Manchester email@example.com


In response to Tracey Skyrme's letter about her son's diagnosis with type I diabetes (letters March 9), my parents experienced the same feelings of guilt, loss and change on my diagnosis at age nine. I urge her not to think of diabetes as 'a reduction in life and career choices' or cause of stigma.


The rheological properties of xanthan gum (XG) and hydrotalcite-like compounds (HTlc for short)/XG mixed suspension, such as fluid type and thixotropy, have been investigated. Especially, we focus on the effect of concentration of XG and mass ratio of HTlc to XG. Herschel-Bulkley fluid model was used to analysis the obtained data. When XG concentration was in the range of 0.05~0.20 wt%, the systems changed from pseudoplastic fluid to plastic one, and no thixotropy. 1.5 wt% pure HTlc suspension belongs to Newtonian fluid type, still no thixotropy. When changing mass ratio of mHTlc/mXG from 29.0 to 6.5 (the solid content of mixed HTlc/XG systems fixed as 1.50%), the mixed suspension, all behaved as pseudoplas- tic fluid type and show positive thixotropic property, except system at mass ratio of 29.0.


Hub location problem is further used in transportation and telecommunication networks (airlines, post delivery services, etc.) so origin-destination pairs, receive or send commodities via special facilities called Hub. Hub median problem with multiple allocation is an NP-hard problem which includes both locating hub facilities and allocating non-hub nodes to hubs as minimizes total transportation and location costs. In this paper, the hub median problem is considered in an environment which network flow varies during the time periods and the capacities of hubs and arcs are unlimited. Also opening and closing hubs in different periods of planning horizon are permitted. The model and the proposed algorithm for this problem were considered to Iran airlines network using real passenger flows data. Computational results state that the dynamic network compared with static model has lower cost and whatever the number of time periods in dynamic case increases, the cost will be reduced as well.


Variable accretion in young stellar objects reveals itself photometrically and spectroscopically over a continuum of timescales and amplitudes. Most dramatic are the large outbursts (e.g., FU Ori, V1647 Ori, and EX Lup type events), but more frequent are the less coherent, smaller burst-like variations in accretion rate. Improving our understanding of time-variable accretion directly addresses the fundamental question of how stars gain their masses. We review variability phenomena, as characterized from observations across the wavelength spectrum, and how those observations probe underlying physical conditions. The diversity of observed lightcurves and spectra at optical and infrared wavelengths defies a simple classification of outbursts and bursts into well-defined categories. Mid-infrared and sub-millimeter wavelengths are sensitive to lower-temperature phenomena, and it is currently unclear if observed flux variations probe similar or distinct physics relative to the shorter wavelengths. We highlight unresolved issues and emphasize the value of spectroscopy, multiwavelength studies, and ultimately patience in using variable accretion to understand stellar mass assembly.


Introduction: Hyaluronan (HA) accumulation is associated with tumorigenesis and aggressive tumor behavior. Aims: We investigated the biomarker potential of HA in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Methods: HA levels were scored using affinity histochemistry in 137 NSCLC samples stratified by HA score ≤10, 11–20, 21–30, and >30 with HA-high defined as ≥25% expression in the extracellular matrix (ECM) of the tumor surface area. Overall survival (OS) and time to progression from initiation of taxane therapy (TTP) were compared using log-rank tests based on HA score. Results: Of 122 patients with recurrent/metastatic NSCLC, 93 had mean HA scores that were not significantly different across clinicopathologic variables. Frequency of HA-high tumors did not differ by histology (34/68 adenocarcinomas vs. 12/25 squamous tumors, Fisher's p = 1.0000). Median OS for recurrent/metastatic adenocarcinoma was 35.5 months (95%, 23.6–50.3) vs. 17.9 months for squamous (95%, 12.7–37.0, log-rank test, p = 0.0165). OS was not significantly different by HA quartiles, high or low (<25) HA score and tumor histology, and HA biopsy site (all p > 0.05). Median TTP (n = 98) significantly differed by HA quartile (2.8 months for HA score ≤10; 5.0 months for 11–20; 7.9 months for 21–30; 3.9 months for >30, p = 0.0265). Improved TTP trended in HA-high over HA-low tumors (n = 98, p = 0.0911). Conclusion: In this NSCLC cohort, tumor HA level represents a potential biomarker for TTP, which remains a cornerstone of NSCLC therapy. Further validation is warranted to identify the HA accumulation threshold associated with clinical benefit.


Background: Thyroid disorders are the most common endocrinopathies encountered during pregnancy in India. Thyroid gland and its functions are immensely influenced by pregnancy. This study was designed to evaluate the prevalence of subclinical hypothyroidism in pregnancy and its foeto-maternal outcome amongst the pregnant mothers having such disorder. Methods: In this hospital based, observational, comparative study, which was carried out on 200 pregnant women attending secondary care hospital of subhimalayan region for the duration of 1 year (2017 to 2018).Morning blood samples of study participants were analyzed for free T4, TSH in their first trimester, and they were followed up till the time of confinement for foeto-maternal outcome. Results: prevalence of thyroid disorder was 16% which was high as compare to other regions of India. Subclinical hypothyroidism was highly prevalent (13.5%) and masked, associated with adverse maternal outcomes like anaemia (p=0.001), abortion (p=0.012), postpartum haemorrhage (p=0.012), puerperal sepsis (p=0.008) and adverse foetal outcome like foetal growth restriction (p=0.034) as compared to euthyroidism. Conclusion: In a developing country like India where undiagnosed thyroid disorders especially subclinical hypothyroidism is highly prevalent and associated with adverse foeto-maternal outcomes, our study recommends universal screening of pregnant women for such disorders.


The estimation of forest vertical structure by means of SAR, especially when addressed in terms of a space-borne mission implementation, is a challenge. While conventional SAR tomography has demonstrated the potential to "image" vertical structure by means of multiple acquisitions, the lack of multiple space-borne SAR configurations able to perform these acquisitions, combined with (temporal) scene decorrelation that limits the temporal baseline of the acquisitions, reduce the number of suitable (i.e. coherent) acquisitions in a realistic space-borne scenario drastically. Therefore, the application of conventional tomographic imaging becomes rather limited at least in terms of the actual state-of-art in space-borne SAR missions.


The title for this issue emerged from common themes expressed in the set of individually volunteered articles that comprise this issue. All of the articles coalesce around something to do with instability or impermanence, with the kinds of replacements and displacements that typify contemporary cultural fluidity and fragmentation in response to transglobal neoliberal socioeconomics. All but one offer reflective commentary on applied anthropological research in the United States; the one exception offers a meta-commentary on anthropological responsibility toward the impact of global warming on both Homo sapiens and the biosphere.


35 and high yield. Bacteriophage RM16 was assigned to the phiKMVvirus genus of Podoviridae family on the base of its genome organisation, gene synteny and similarity of protein sequences. Inside phiKMVvirus genus bacteriophage RM16 clusters with VP93, LIMElight, Petty, phiKDA1 phages and KP34-like bacteriophages. According to electron microscopy data bacteriophage, RM16 attaches to the surface of P. mirabilis bacteria, not to flagella. While propagating on the P. mirabilis cells bacteriophage RM16 has a low frequency of occurrence of phageresistant mutants. Phage-resistant derivatives of P. mirabilis obtained by infecting the cells of the host bacteria by the phage RM16 at a high multiplicity of infecting had the nonswarming phenotype. Electron microscopic study of phage resistant mutants showed that they differed from the original strain in the size and shape of cells, lacked of flagella. The changes in the structure of the outer cell membrane and reduced periplasmic space were observed. Presumably the resistance of non-swarming cells to the phage infection is due to the changes in the macromolecular composition of the membrane, associated with the absence of flagella and the non-swarming phenotype.


Abstract This paper focuses on the period of the political separation of the Netherlands and Belgium (1830–1839). Both countries were in a state of war for almost a decade, which resulted in massive troop deployments along their borders and the militarisation of the landscape. The principal objects of study are the Dutch army camps at Rijen and Oirschot near the Belgian border, which to date have barely received any scholarly attention. Both camps were almost 2 km across and offered accommodation to up to 12,000 infantry soldiers. They will be studied from an archaeological-historical perspective, focusing on the spatial and social dimensions of the camps and their place in the wider landscape. The camps are representative of the final stage of pre-industrial warfare in Europe, which is characterised by a continuation of many eighteenth century and Napoleonic traditions.


This work reports on the development, calibration, and application of a radiation-hardened diamond photoconducting detector (PCD) for active ionizing dose measurements in research reactors. Results are reported for gamma irradiations between 10 and 10/sup 12/ rad(C)/s.


The Aegis Combat System is an advanced integrated combat system engineered specifically for Ticonderoga class cruisers. An essential component of this system is the Aegis Display System (ADS), which displays real-time ownship and fleet tactical information. Integral to the ADS is the display of coastline map data to provide geographic perspective to the tactical picture. The purpose of this paper is to describe the design and implementation of the map data base into the ADS.

The original ADS equipment limited the number of coastline points which could be displayed at one time, thus leading to the development of several data thinning techniques. The requirements for real-time maps also motivated the introduction of some novel features into the data base architecture.

The data base was required to support nine range scales and yet maintain the same approximate density of points throughout the entire world. To accomplish this, the data were partitioned into "windows," with a uniform size based on distance rather than an angular measurement. This resulted in windows approximately the same size in area, but with a longitudinal width which increases as polar latitudes are approached. The number of data points was then reduced by applying several thinning algorithms so that the desired point densities were reached. The windows were organized into four separate data subbases, each with a different window size but a similar point density. This scheme allows coverage of an entire display area with at most four windows at any range scale.

The display speed was optimized by exploiting the Aegis Combat System's use of orthographic projection from the earth's surface to the display plane. This type of projection permits integer arithmetic in the transformation projection equations when the data points are stored as X,Y,Z earth-centered coordinates instead of as latitude and longitude. This results in substantially faster map processing and display times, thereby allowing the ADS to generate accurate coastline maps within the constraints imposed.

Several enhancements are in progress or under consideration. Already underway is the reformatting of coastline data into closed polygons to support color filling of land areas. Political boundaries, commercial airways, and terrain and bathy-metric data are candidates for incorporation in the future.


Submitted for the DAMOP19 Meeting of The American Physical Society Sayma: Agile RF for Coherent Quantum Control Using ARTIQ JOSEPH W. BRITTON, Army Research Lab, University of Maryland, DAVID T. C. ALLCOCK, NIST, University of Colorado, University of Oregon, CHRIS BALLANCE, TOM P. HARTY, University of Oxford, ROBERT JORDENS, M-Labs Ltd, QuARTIQ GmbH, GREG KASPROWICZ, PAWEL KULIK, Warsaw University of Technology, DANIEL H. SLICHTER, NIST, WEIDA ZHANG, University of Oxford, SEBASTIEN BOURDEAUDUCQ, M-Labs Ltd, QuARTIQ GmbH — The Advanced Real-Time Infrastructure for Quantum physics (ARTIQ) [1] is a control system for quantum information experiments. It features a high-level programming language called ARTIQ Python, in which complex experiments can be expressed. Experiment code is compiled and executed on dedicated FPGA hardware with nanosecond timing resolution and microsecond branching latency. The system was designed to meet the requirements of complex, feedback-based algorithms including quantum error correction and networking. Sinara [2] is an open source suite of high performance FPGA-based hardware designed for trapped ion qubit systems using ARTIQ. This poster discusses the Sayma high performance DAC system, a Sinara component with high channel density, low phase noise, and phase-synchronous operation. The DACs provide a 16-bit output at data rates up to 1 GSPS, with digital interpolation enabling output clock rates up to 2.4 GHz. Output waveforms are defined parametrically, easing waveform storage requirements and enabling lowlatency feedback for waveform frequencies and amplitudes. Clock synchronization follows a scheme similar to CERN's White Rabbit. [1] github.com/m-labs/artiq [2] sinara-hw.github.io Joseph W. Britton Army Research Lab, University of Maryland Date submitted: 01 Feb 2019 Electronic form version 1.4


The real events in our lives have no beginnings, no endings, sometimes not much in the middle. We make a nickel's worth of sense of our pasts by stringing memories like Cheerios. We remember color. We remember insults taken, but not those given. We remember being cold. We remember mistakes. Cars. Being in trouble, fobs. Or put another way, there are certain events (or time-spans pretending to be events) that come to the party that is our consciousness, then won't go home. Even after the incidental erosion of memory which has come with time and the river, there are probably ten or twelve of these globettes of personal history swimming around in my own bucket. Sometimes they seem like stories, good stories, just like I remember them. Sometimes they seem more like the leftovers from dreams. But gas or grist, I wanted to write as accurately as I could. I have tried to be a conscientious reporter, giving life to fact and figure, finding romance in the exactitude of detail, revealing the beauty in bone-hard truth. But sometimes it doesn't work. Even the objective eye-witness must look one way or he must look the other. I avoid the lie as if I were plugged into an electroshock lie detector, surrounded by angry detectives. I tell the truth and the truth about the truth. ... And it still comes out fiction.


The effects of temperature, acid concentration, and reactant concentration on the rate of formation of difurfuryldiamines from the reactions of furfurylamine with formaldehyde and acetaldehyde were experimentally investigated. On the basis of the data from these experiments, a semimechanistic reaction model network was proposed and a mathematical model which describes the observed kinetic behavior was derived. Rate constants for the model reactions were found to depend exponentially both on the reciprocal of the absolute temperature and on the acid concentration. The mathematical model predicts concentration versus time profiles for reactants, intermediate, and product for the reaction of furfurylamine and acetaldehyde under the following conditions:  20 °C < temperature < 50 °C, 3 M < nominal acid concentration < 6 M, 1.17 M < [furfurylamine] < 1.2 M, and 0.303 M < [acetaldehyde] < 1.17 M. For the reaction of furfurylamine with formaldehyde the model is applicable for 30 °C < temperature < 50 °C, 3 M < n...


Solar photovoltaic technology has become eminent in the world because of its clean and abundant nature and can be effectively used for water pumping applications. A maximum power point tracking method is indispensable to achieve the best benefit from photovoltaic systems. Conventional maximum power tracking methods become successful only under uniform irradiance conditions and fail to track the maximum power under partial shading conditions (PSC). Hence, nature-inspired metaheuristic algorithms were proposed to track the optimum power under varying environmental conditions. This study proposes a method for improving the performance of the nature-inspired maximum power point tracking algorithms by using a nonlinear control technique called one cycle control. Based on the duty cycle obtained from the tracking algorithm the one cycle control technique generates pulses for the DC–DC converter, which is connected to a brushless DC motor pump system through a voltage source inverter. The performance of the proposed system under various PSCs is validated using the Cuckoo search, particle swarm optimization, and grey wolf algorithms. Simulation results for various shading patterns prove the supremacy of the system with respect to convergence speed, tracking efficiency, robustness, steady-state oscillations at maximum power point, and initial exploration oscillations in comparison with systems without one cycle control. In addition, the introduction of a KY converter as a DC–DC converter reduces the output voltage ripple in the system. Thus, the proposed system with one cycle control overcomes the disadvantages of the existing methods and can be effectively utilized for water pumping applications.


David Hipgrave and colleagues argue that we must find more effective, equitable, feasible and affordable ways to engage the public in health priority setting in developing countries. Please see later in the article for the Editors' Summary


Postulating the intrinsic relation that binds the analytical and the reflexive dimensions of anthropological knowledge,
this article critically recuperates the discursive conditions which articulate the ethnographical datum and social theory
in two important works: the classic "The Gift", by Marcel Mauss, and Les Mots, la Mort, le Sorts (Deadly Words),
by Jeanne Favret-Saada. Based on a comparative approximation of the meta-theoretical circle of hermeneutics
and the theoretical circles of the gift and sorcery, the text attempts to produce an epistemological reflection on
the articulation between anthropological knowledge and native knowledge. By crossing information originated in those three circles, it builds an argument which starts from the "gift's theory" in the direction of an epistemology of the gift, or "the gift of the theory".


Class management is the foundation and assurance of administrative management in colleges and universities, but also an important guarantee of students' study life. With the development of higher education, the class management in colleges and universities is facing the new challenges, and the contradiction of human and organization turns worse.The core of the system organization theory is to study the relationship between human and organization, emphasize on the cooperation and coordination development between human and organization.The article introducing the system organization theory into the university management practices, regarding the human and organization interaction asthestartingpoint, and seekingtothefeasiblepath ofthepresentclassmanagement.


This article considers communication systems through visible light, VLC (Visible Light Communication). The optical sources used are light emitting diodes (LEDs). The objective of this work was to develop software for simulating the mathematical model of the channel based on recursive algorithms already proposed in the literature.. Keywords— VLC systems, channel impulse response.


According to the vortex theory of matter, atoms consist of vortex rings in an infinite perfect liquid, the aether. These rings may be either hollow or filled with otating liquid. The cross section of the hollow or rotating core is in the simplest ase small and the ring is circular. Such vortices have been investigated. It has been hown that they can exist, and that they are stable for certain types of deformation, in this paper the stability of the hollow vortex ring is investigated further, with a view to proving that it is stable for all small deformations of its surface. An attempt also made to make the vortex theory of matter agree with the kinetic theory of ases as regards the relation between the velocity and the energy of an atom. On he latter theory the energy of an atom varies as the square of its velocity, while on he former theory the energy decreases as the velocity increases. As the two theories liffer on a fundamental point, while the consequences of the kinetic theory agree over wide range with experiment, those of the vortex theory are likely to be in discrepancy therewith. However, no account has been taken of the electric change which an atom must hold if electrolysis is to be explained. This electrification will evidently alter the relation between the energy and the velocity. The nature of the change thus produced is here discussed for the case of a hollow vortex, the surface of which behaves as a conductor of electricity, a representation which is dynamically realised by the theory of a rotationally-elastic fluid aether developed in Mr. Larmor's paper, "A Dynamical Theory of the Electric and Luminiferous Medium." The small oscillations also are worked out with a view to the discussion of the stability of an electrified vortex. 2. The velocity of translation of the vortex in its steady motion is constant and perpendicular to its plane. By impressing on the whole liquid a velocity equal and opposite to this, the hollow is reduced to rest. Since the cross section of the hollow is small, any small length of it may be regarded as cylindrical. A cylindrical vortex must, by reason of symmetry, have its cross section a circle, so that the cross section of the hollow of the annular vortex is approximately circular, and the hollow itself approximately a tore.


In January 2014, the Council of Europe�s Parliamentary Assembly adopted a resolution on the revision of the European Convention on Transfrontier Television (Resolution 1978 (2014)). The resolution noted that the Convention had been �the first international legal instrument ensuring unimpeded transmission of programmes regardless of frontiers�, but also noted that while the EU�s Audiovisual Media Services Directive had been amended in 2007, the Convention had not been revised since 2002 (see IRIS 1998-9/4).


Based on competence-based Views,this paper proposes a theoretical model of the relationship among marketing capabilities,market strategy and business performance and uses empirical data collecting from 215 private enterprises in Chengdu-Chongqing region to examine the model.Research findings argue that: firm's marketing capabilities have positive impact on the choice of market strategy;different market strategies exert different influence on business performance(market performance and financial performance);the environmental turbulence moderates these relationships in varying degrees.Finally,this paper discusses the theoretical value and managerial implication of the research findings.


A new maximum a posteriori (MAP)-equivalent soft-input soft-output (SISO) algorithm is derived together with its simplified versions. The proposed SISO algorithms provide a good compromise between complexity and performance. Our simplest SISO algorithm has lower complexity than the log-MAP, the max-log-MAP, and the soft-output Viterbi (1998) algorithm SISO algorithms, and it is an equivalent max-log-MAP algorithm. When this algorithm is used, turbo codes with block length as short as 150 bits will outperform convolutional codes when compared on the basis of equal decoder complexity.