A 33-year-old man presented to our department with a 4-month history of right quadrant abdominal pain. Physical examination was normal. A chest X-ray showed no remarkable findings. Ultrasonography demonstrated a hypoechoic mass measuring 6 cm in the head of the pancreas. Computed tomography confirmed a solid mass in the pancreas without Wirsung or bile duct dilatation. At laparotomy, excision a 6 cm egg-shaped and hypervascular mass in the head of the pancreas was performed. Histologically, the features were consistent with Castleman disease. Castleman's disease is a rare, usually benign lymphoid condition described by Castleman (1954) and characterized by giant lymph nodes. Surgical resection is diagnostic and curative.


The structure of liquid N-methylformamide (NMF) has been investigated using synchrotron radiation at 77 and 95 keV. The use of high energy photons has several advantages, in this case especially the large accessible momentum transfer range, the low absorption and the direct comparability with neutron diffraction. The range of momentum transfer covered is 0.6 \AA$^{-1} <$ Q $<$24.0 \AA$^{-1}$. Neutron diffraction data on the same sample in the same momentum transfer range have been published previously. In that study two differently isotope - substituted species were investigated. In order to compare neutron and photon diffraction data properly Reverse Monte Carlo (RMC-) simulations have been performed. Some modifications had to be added to the standard RMC- code introducing different constraints for inter- and intramolecular distances as these distances partly overlap in liquid NMF. RMC- simulations having only the neutron data as input were carried out in order to test the quality of the X-ray data. The photon structure factor calculated from the RMC- configurations is found to agree well with the present experimental data, while it deviates considerably from earlier X-ray work using low energy photons (17 keV). Finally we discuss whether the different interaction mechanisms of neutrons and photons can be used to directly access the electronic structure in the liquid. Evidence is presented that the elastic self scattering part of liquid NMF is changed with respect to the independent atom approximation. This modification can be accounted for by a simple charged atoms model.


In a previous paper from this laboratory it was suggested that when helium ions move under the influence of an electric field through helium gas, the positive charge carried by an ion does not remain long associated with a single atom, but is repeatedly passed on from ion to atom at collision by the process of electron capture. This process may be regarded as equivalent to an increase in the target area presented by the atoms to the positive helium ions and must therefore lead to a reduction in their mobility. When foreign ions move in a given gas the conditions of resonance necessary for electron capture would not normally occur. If therefore in the absence of electron capture the mobility of a foreign ion in a given gas is found to afford an unambiguous measure of its mass, we may expect the value of the mobility of the ions of the gas itself to be less than that predicted from their mass, owing to the operation of this process. From the study of a number of ions in various gases we now know that helium is not a satisfactory gas in which to demonstrate the effect. Even with simple ions like Rb+, Cs+, In+, Tl+ the size of the ion has a profound effect on its mobility, so that the fact the He+ ions in helium move more slowly than the much heavier sodium ions cannot be definitely attributed to an exchange process. The exchange hypothesis offers a very probable, but not a certain, explanation of the relatively low mobility of the helium ions.


Purpose To screen S-adenosylmethionine(SAM)-producing yeast strain and to improve its SAM production.MethodsYeast strains were isolated by a selective medium and SAM produced was assayed by HPLC.Strain improvement was carried out by UV and γ-ray mutagenesis.ResultsA baker′s yeast strain numbered Q95 wasisolated and consecutively improved by UV and γ-ray mutagenesis.After 5 cycles of UV mutagenesis and one cycle of γ-ray mutagenesis,Q6-13,a mutant with higher SAM production was selected.Its SAM yield reached 1 860 μg/mL after 27 h fermentation in shaking flasks,which is 86.9% higher than that of the original strain.The SAM yield of Q6-13 strain reached 2 540 μg/mL after 22 h fed-batchfermentation in an eternal loop airlift reactor.ConclusionA high SAM-producing yeast mutant was obtained by yeast screening and strain improving.The mutant may be useful for SAM-production on a large scale.


—Urban rivers provide a water environment that influ- ences residential living. River surface monitoring has become crucial for making decisions about where to prioritize cleaning and when to automatically start the cleaning treatment. We focus on the organic mud, or "scum", that accumulates on the river's surface and contributes to the river's odor and has external economic effects on the landscape. Because of its feature of a sparsely distributed and unstable pattern of organic shape, automating the monitoring process has proved difficult. We propose a patch-wise classification pipeline to detect scum features on the river surface using mixture image augmentation to increase the diversity between the scum floating on the river and the entangled background on the river surface reflected by nearby structures like buildings, bridges, poles, and barriers. Furthermore, we propose a scum-index cover on rivers to help monitor worse grade online, collect floating scum, and decide on chemical treatment policies. Finally, we demonstrate the application of our method on a time series dataset with frames every ten minutes recording river scum events over several days. We discuss the significance of our pipeline and its experimental findings.


A�performance evaluation of a full-scale selective catalytic reduction process designed for post combustion abatement of nitrogen oxides (NOx) emitted from stationary internal combustion engines was performed. The system was installed on a 1,850 horsepower, gas fueled, Worthington UTC 168, internal combustion engine located at the Tennessee Gas Pipeline Company, East Bernard, Texas natural gas compressor station. The SCR system used vapor phase ammonia as a \selective\" reducing agent for the nitrogen oxides in the presence of a base metal catalyst. This study was undertaken as part of the PRCI program to evaluate the applicability of commercially available nitrogen oxides flue gas treatment systems for use on internal combustion engines used by the natural gas pipeline industry. This study


The fatigue failure mechanism of roll shell was analysed,the stages of crack initiating and crack propagation were closely taken into consideration by using the theory of continuum damage mechanics.Under the given stress field,the damage field was analysed and the crack expansion life was estimated by using FEM,and the concrete analysis steps were given out.Finally the feasibility of the method was validated through practical example.The research method which change the status that crack generation and crack expansion were analysed respectively,and built an entire and unitive analysis procedure.The results show that the fatigue life of roll shell is directly related to thermal fatigue,heat conduction,thermal expansion coefficient and surface machining quality of material of roll shell,which provides important and valuable reference to improving service life of roll shell.


Three-phase bone scintigraphy is not routinely used to detect skeletal metastatic disease, because the findings in the immediate flow and blood pool images are often unimpressive and nonspecific. Sometimes, however, hypervascular bone metastases may exhibit such intense hyperemia that the abnormality is far more striking in the radionuclide angiographic and blood pool phases than on delayed osseous phase images.


We investigated the effect of the Ar+ ion beam irradiation on removing NiO and/or S on the {100} textured Ni tape surface, and the validity of the tin doped In2O3 (ITO) as a buffer layer which could be epitaxially grown at lower temperature. Excellent biaxial crystal orientations of the CeO2, YSZ and YBCO were achieved in the YBCO/YSZ/CeO2 prepared on the {100} textured Ni tape, by irradiating the surface of the Ni tape before starting the deposition. The Jc of the YBCO/YSZ/CeO2/Ni tape exceeded 2 MA/cm2 at 77 K. We also prepared the biaxially oriented YBCO on the In2O3 buffered Ni tape. We confirmed that ITO did not react with YBCO, and that ITO aligned biaxially on the {100} textured Ni tape.


The new Internet Protocol IPv6 has been regarded for quite a long time as the only option to ensure uninterrupted operation for the Internet service providers andend-users in the current Internet. The article presents important faets about the IPv6, including current statistics of the IPv4 usage, the IPv6 statistics for Poland comparing to the whole Internet. Moreover, this paper shows important aspeets of migration from IPv4 towards IPv6 using different dedicated tools: a universallPv4-IPv6 ip46nat Translator, the IPv6 Migration Guide - to help network administrators to facilitate IPv6 deployment and a migration tool which is able to check whether the process has been finished successfuily. As far as the next steps after migration are concerned, the paper covers the development of the IPv6 services and application like the Dibbler - a portable, open DHCPv6 implementation, the IPTVv6 and VoIPv6 services on the IMS platform and the pmacct-snmp for network management. Finaily, the article highlights the importance of virtualization and IPv6 for current cloud computing, and also presents the nationallPv6 testbed network in Poland named PL-LAB.


ENDOMETRIAL stromal sarcoma is a rare tumour, fewer than 150 cases being recorded in the English literature. T h e first case was described by Doran and Lockyer in 1908, and KOSS, Spiro, and Brunschwig (1965) found that i t represented 0.2 per cent of a series of uterine cancers treated at one hospital over a period of 20 years. Weisbrot and Janovski (1963) found 2 cases in 12 years during which 37 uterine


In this special issue of the Wisconsin Medical Journal, we celebrate 50 years of the Department of Population Health Sciences at the University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health (SMPH). This anniversary could not come at a more momentous time in the context of the transformation of the former UW Medical School into an integrated school of medicine and public health. In several past issues of the Journal, Robert Golden, MD, Dean of the SMPH, has described how fundamental and extensive this innovative transformation truly is for the school.1 This 50th anniversary also occurs alongside important and evolving worldwide shifts in public health and health care policy. Today, for example, the United States is confronting the challenge of a major overhaul of its health care system; obesity and type 2 diabetes are becoming global pandemics, occurring even in countries where people suffer from malnutrition; and as was all too clear this past spring, when almost no country proved immune to swine flu, emerging infections do not respect national boundaries. The international aspects of health and disease are becoming much more mainstream in the public discussion and decision-making. As reflected in the accompanying overview article,2 much has happened within the department and its parent institution in these past 5 decades. Founded in 1959 as the Department of Preventive Medicine, the department has evolved over the years to include significant academic programs in epidemiology, health services research, and health policy. This evolution culminated in 2001 with the department's name change to the Department of Population Health Sciences. Some have asked, "What was the problem with the previous name?" Of course, there is nothing wrong with preventive medicine. Quite the contrary. We recognize that preventive medicine is a key— albeit often neglected—aspect of health care and a paramount goal for public health. But the term did not accurately reflect the true scope of the faculty's research and educational activities. Preventive medicine usually refers to activities of health care professionals aimed at preventing diseases—or disease consequences—in individuals. Even if the department's research and educational activities often have a preventive flavor, our work is not restricted to prevention and certainly is not limited to clinical preventive approaches in individual patients. Let's look at the example of the patient who arrives in an emergency department with a heart attack. The medical model will put a cardiologist, a nurse intensivist, and other health care professionals in charge of that person's care to try to keep the patient alive and well. To improve the patient's chances of avoiding another heart attack, secondary prevention strategies such as lipid lowering therapy and an exercise program might be initiated. Ideally, however, primary prevention activities would have been implemented in order to keep that heart attack from occurring in the first place. That would be the job of preventive cardiologists, family physicians, and nurse practitioners advising individuals in their clinics to improve their diets and quit smoking to improve their cardiovascular fitness. But research and experience show that the reach and effectiveness of these clinical approaches to prevention is sometimes limited. They do not cover the uninsured, the less educated, or the less motivated individuals in our society; and even those who receive this care might have a hard time following through with the recommended lifestyle changes. Quitting smoking might be nearly impossible for a nicotine-addicted individual who does not live or work in a smokefree environment; a healthy diet might not be affordable for individuals of limited economic means or who live in areas with low-quality grocery stores; and increasing physical activity will be harder for Doctor Nieto is Chair of the Department of Population Health Sciences, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health.


Mobile network operators collect a humongous amount of network measurements. Among those, sector Key Performance Indicators (KPIs) are used to monitor the radio access, i.e., the "last mile" of mobile networks. Thresholding mechanisms and synthetic combinations of KPIs are used to assess the network health, and rank sectors to identify the underperforming ones. It follows that the available monitoring methodologies heavily rely on the fine grained tuning of thresholds and weights, currently established through domain knowledge of both vendors and operators. In this paper, we study how to bridge sector KPIs to reflect Quality of Experience (QoE) groundtruth measurements, namely throughput, latency and video streaming stall events. We leverage one month of data collected in the operational network of mobile network operator serving more than 10 million subscribers. We extensively investigate up to which extent adopted methodologies efficiently capture QoE. Moreover, we challenge the current state of the art by presenting data-driven approaches based on Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) metaheuristics and random forest regression algorithms, to better assess sector performance. Results show that the proposed methodologies outperforms state of the art solution improving the correlation with respect to the baseline by a factor of 3, and improving visibility on underperforming sectors. Our work opens new areas for research in monitoring solutions for enriching the quality and accuracy of the network performance indicators collected at the network edge.


When making a finite element model,if we model the structure connection of electronic cabinet in different ways, the accuracy of the whole electronic cabinet model and the accuracy of the calculation results would be affected.In this article, we compare and discuss different results obtained from different modeling methods of the joints in finite element model for a new kind of electronic cabinet. some meaningful conclusions for electronic cabinet design are obtained.


A number of theoretical works predicts high values of the electronic efficiency for sub-terahertz gyrotrons operating at cyclotron harmonics even at low operating voltages. However, the achievement of an acceptable output radiation power by such devices faces significant difficulties associated with mode competition, creation of an electron beam with a relatively large current, high ohmic losses in walls and manufacturing cavities with the necessary accuracy. To solve these problems, the variants of low-voltage gyrotrons with a conventional cavity and a recently proposed version of a sectioned cavity are analyzed in detail, and the calculation of the electron-optical system for them is given. It is shown that when the micron precision of manufacturing cavities is achieved, it is possible to obtain output efficiency values of up to 5% and power up to 100 W at frequencies of about 0.4 THz and higher at the second cyclotron harmonic with a low operating voltage of 5 kV.


We consider a single server system with N input flows. We assume that each flow has stationary increments and satisfies a sample path large deviation principle, and that the system is stable. We introduce the largest weighted delay first (LWDF) queueing discipline associated with any given weight vector α =� α1 �����α N� . We show that under the LWDF discipline the sequence of scaled stationary distributions of the delay ˆ wi of each flow satisfies a large deviation principle with the rate function given by a finitedimensional optimization problem. We also prove that the LWDF discipline is optimal in the sense that it maximizes the quantity


In March 2020, the 'Everyone In' initiative was introduced by the UK government as a public health response to COVID-19. This initiative sought to temporarily accommodate people experiencing rough sleeping in hotels in all local authority areas throughout England. In London, 'Everyone In' involved the procurement of vacant accommodation in over 100 hotels and temporarily re-housed approximately 2000 individuals. A rapid qualitative study was undertaken within two hotels to explore experiences of the initiative from the perspective of people accommodated in the hotels. This article describes how standard qualitative methods were adapted and implemented to complete the study whilst meeting COVID-19 social distancing guidelines. The research involved a longitudinal design of a two-stage qualitative interview that sought to capture residents' experience of 'Everyone In' at two points in time (while in the hotel and when residents had left the hotel). Adapted qualitative methods were employed by a team of 13 researchers. These adaptations included socially distanced leaflet dropping, telephone-based participant recruitment, a remote, multistage, longitudinal qualitative telephone interviewing and rapid framework analysis. 35 hotel residents were recruited into the study (two subsequently withdrew participation). A total of 299 (of a possible 330) short interviews were completed by 33 participants (26 male and 7 female) as part of the multi-stage, longitudinal design of the study. This study indicates that adapted qualitative research methods employed during a pandemic can be successfully applied to obtain insights and experiences (of individuals and groups) otherwise difficult to reach and/or complex to understand.


This paper provides an overview of four large collaborative projects, which are currently being undertaken by the Centre for Adaptive Systems at the University of Sunderland. The projects utilise adaptive system technology to solve condition monitoring problems, and are funded from a variety of sources including UK Government agencies and the European Union (EU). Each of the projects is very strongly problem and industry driven and aims to produce real results for the benefit of companies.


Inula conyzae was discovered in Vellinge, southwestern Skane in July 2007 Twenty-seven plants were found along a slope leading down to a small pond, and eight more individuals were discovered on a field nearby. The population seems to be several years old, and will hopefully expand. This is the first record of I. conyzae in Sweden since 1974. We discuss possible ways of immigration from neighbouring countries. All localities in Sweden, Denmark and northernmost Germany are marked on a map. The average distance from recent localities to the Vellinge site is 108 kilometres.


The electromechanical efficiency (EME) and distribution of point defects (DPD) are measured from LiNbO3 samples at room temperature. The EME is estimated by reading an electric potential (V) generated while applying a mechanical force to a local point. The DPD is measured by Photoluminescence (PL) taken from samples. PL is excited by 310-nm light and optical spectra are registered from 350 to 900 nm. The defects are identified by their characteristic peaks. The applied mechanical force and intensity of 310-nm light are kept constant while scanning V and PL along Z-axis or normal to Z. The F-center and Fe+ have been shown to be sensitive to local electrical polarization. Thus, they may influence EME in a local point of crystal. The experimental data from bulk and wafer samples show a nonuniform distribution of the F-center and Fe+ defects. For example, a 1.9-mm-thick Y-cut wafer demonstrates periodicity in defect concentration of 1 to 2 mm along the Z-axis. Similar periodicity is detected in the potential ...


We introduce a new method for studying the Cauchy problem for systems of conservation laws in one space dimension. This method is based on the equivalence of the Cauchy problems in Eulerian and Lagrangian coordinates, as regards the existence and uniqueness of entropy solutions. The main idea is to solve the problem in Lagrangian coordinates and determine the transformation linking the two coordinates. The main contributions are the uniqueness and explicit entropy solutions. Applications include the Keyfitz–Kranzer system, the Born–Infeld (BI) equations and linear Lagrangian systems which are linear in Lagrangian coordinates. For these examples, the existence and uniqueness of solutions in L∞ are obtained in explicit expressions. The linear Lagrangian system contains examples such as the equations of pressureless gas dynamics, all 2 × 2 linearly degenerate systems and the augmented BI equations. In particular, we deduce the existence and uniqueness of entropy solutions of the Cauchy problem for the BI equations. An explicit formula of its entropy solution is also provided.


By a series of structural changes, Frank, Nothmann, and Wagner (1) developed synthalin, the most powerful hypoglycemic synthetic product known today. The details of their researches are not available. The increased hypoglycemic activity of agmatine over guanidine offered the first clue as to the nature of the groups which were productive of hypoglycemic activity. It may be gathered from the recent patent literature (2) that the synthesis of synthalin was accidenlal, synthalin (diguanidinodecamethylene) forming when the preparation of the homologue of agmatine (monoguanyldiaminodecane) was attempted. The enthusiasm which greeted the announcement of synthalin as a "mouth insulin" was dispelled as soon as the nature of the physiological activity was brought to light. Blatherwick et al. (3) showed in this laboratory that by parenteral administration an acute nephritis is produced in rabbits, along with injury to the liver, as shown by a decreased ability to deaminize glycine. Clinicians observed the same effects in diabetic patients on a synthalin treatment. These results suggested that synthalin might cause hypoglycemia by preventing normal glyconeogenesis. Other profound differences in the action of synthalin and insulin were brought forth by Bodo and Marks (4). They showed that synthalin causes the liver to be depleted of glycogen and brings about a breakdown of muscle glycogen in addition to a disappearance of sugar. Simola (5) found that the inorganic phosphorus does not always decrease when synthalin produces hypoglycemia, a phenomenon so characteristic of insulin hypoglycemia.


A century of legalized racism, followed by decades of institutionalized racism, has resulted in the under representation of minorities, particularly African-Americans, in the legal profession. Circumstance has made it challenging for these individuals to succeed. And yet, some have done so against the odds. Recognition of the need to open the door, give a chance, and provide opportunities that can make a difference highlight the value of institutional efforts to "shape the tributary" or "build the pipeline."


PURPOSE
To evaluate the usefulness of thoracic computed tomography (CT) in the pre-lung transplantation examination of patients with cystic fibrosis (CF).

MATERIALS AND METHODS
Fifty-six patients (age range, 12-42 years) with CF were evaluated for possible lung transplantation from 1991 to 1997. Twenty-six of these patients underwent bilateral lung transplantation, 19 were awaiting transplantation at the time of the study, seven died before transplantation, and four were excluded for psychosocial concerns. Preoperative chest radiographic and CT findings were reviewed and correlated with clinical, operative, and pathology records.

RESULTS
In seven patients, discrete, 1-2-cm pulmonary nodules were detected at CT. Five of these patients underwent transplantation; the nodules were found to be mucous impactions. No malignancy was found in any of the patients who underwent transplantation. Pretransplantation sputum cultures grew Aspergillus fumigatus in seven patients, none of whom had radiologic findings suggestive of Aspergillus infection. Radiographic or CT findings were suggestive of mycetoma in five cases, but no such tumors were found at transplantation. The accuracies of chest radiography and CT for the detection of pleural disease in 48 hemithoraces were 81% (n = 39) and 69% (n = 33), respectively. The radiologic findings of pleural thickening did not influence the surgical approach in any patient.

CONCLUSION
Thoracic CT has little utility in the routine pre-lung transplantation examination of patients with CF.


BackgroundObesity has become a major health problem, as a growing proportion of the population worldwide is overweight. The coincidence of obesity, insulin resistance, hypertension, dyslipidemia, and hepatic steatosis is commonly referred to as the 'metabolic syndrome'. The investigation of the anti


Electronic steering system (10) for a motor vehicle, with wheels (12) and one with the wheels (12) mechanically connected to and laterally movable rack (20) to change the orientation of the wheels (12), comprising: - associated with a rack (20) electric motor (26) for the lateral displacement of the rack (20) - a wheel sensor (62) which provides a signal indicative for the reaction of the wheels (12) to a steering command; - a computer control unit (18); and - a driver interface subsystem (16), comprising: - a steering wheel (30) which is mounted on a steering column (32) and rotatable by a driver for inputting a steering command; - an electromechanical brake (50) for the steering column (32) which is selectively operable to prevent the rotation of the steering wheel (30), wherein the computer control unit (18) is connected firstly to the wheel sensor (62) to obtain a signal and to output, based on the signal, to determine when the wheel alignment has reached a limit, on the other hand with the electromechanical brake (50) is to press this in response thereto, characterized, in that - a driver interface subsystem (16) also connected to a with the steering column (32) reaction torque generator (36) for applying a resistance torque in response to the steering command comprises; and - the electro-mechanical brake (50) and the reaction torque generator (36) can be operated independently of each other, and the limitation of an inability of the wheels (12) to change its orientation in response to a steering command.


Two dimensional arrays of InGaAsIJnP based multiple quantum well surface modulators driven by standard high-speed CMOS have been demonstrated in experimental parallel optical interconnect and artificial neural processing systems. Transition times were fast enough for lOOMBit/s operation and the potential exists to increase array dimensions to include 100''s of devices and transmission rates to many GBit/s. Novel architectures employing computer generated holographic beam splitters and weight matrices outside the modulator and detector layers were employed.© (1991) COPYRIGHT SPIE--The International Society for Optical Engineering. Downloading of the abstract is permitted for personal use only.


: Accurate extraction of the therapeutic target region in the monitoring ultrasonic image is necessary for high intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) therapy. However, due to the interference of complex background and large amount of noise in the ultrasonic image, traditional image segmentation algorithms have limitations on the target region segmentation of ultrasonic image. In order to extract the target region in ultrasonic image, a semantic segmentation method combining improved DeepLabv3+ network and improved loss function is proposed. On the basis of DeepLabv3+ network, dense atrous spatial pyramid pooling (DenseASPP) en-hanced by attention mechanism through series connection of DenseASPP structure and channel attention mechanism is added into the DeepLabv3+ encoder, and the feature map weighting module is added into the DeepLabv3+ decoder to improve the network ability of feature extraction and the segmentation accuracy of the target region edge. In terms of the loss function, the improved loss obtained by combining the Huber loss


During the summer of 1940, the writer spent several months at the Rocky Mountain Field Station of the University of Michigan (Camp Davis), at the mouth of Hoback Callyon, some seventeen miles south of Jackson, Wyoming. During this period, collections and observations of the fungi of this region were made within a radius of somle forty or fifty miles. This area is very interesting from a mycological viewpoint. It includes the Jackson Hole area about the Snake River, the Teton National Park, with its rugged peaks, a number of other mountain ranges and a large area of high, dry, hilly sagebrush country. At first inspection this does not appear to be a region favorable for fungus growth. However, it is of special interest in several respects. The fleshy fungi, it is true, appear to be absent over a large part of the area and during most of the year, but even these do occur, and in abundance, after the very local, but often heavy showers of late summer. To collect these one must be on the right spot at the right time-a few days after such periodic showers. Only a few such opportunities were encountered, and no great attention was paid to fleshy forms. Parasitic fungi, such as leaf spots, rusts, etc., also abound. The region has a large and varied host flora which will yield an abundance of such parasites. Dr. Solheim's accounts and collections (11: pt. 1-4) have recorded many of these. A third flourishing fungous flora, and the one in which the writer was most interested, is that found on the stems of herbaceous and woody plants. The Pyrenomycetes and Fungi Imperfecti on dead stems grow luxuriantly, particularly at the higher elevations and in the mountain meadows. In these situations there is a heavy winter snow-


The third runway at Helsinki centers around a special lighting system. Describing the system shows how important illumination is to airport safety and operations. This runway took six years to complete, hampered by harsh weather and a challenging terrain, which made it one of Europe's most challenging civil engineering projects in years. A staged approach was used, with early master planning starting in 1996, followed by system planning, which lasted four years. Serving an international airport in the 10 million passenger class, the job was about 20 times bigger than the typical Finnish airport project. There are about 3,2000 components, including elevated and inset lights, but the single most costly component was the fitting of the ducts, channels and manholes. Among the challenges was making sure the light fixtures would not be harmed in the regular snow-removal operations. Two winters of testing were used to determine which components could stand up to conditions. The project was completed on time in November 2002 within its $16.3 million budget.


The invention is applicable to the technical field of personalization setting and provides a method and system for adjusting the personalization setting of a mobile terminal and the mobile terminal. The method comprises the following steps of obtaining an ID of a base station corresponding to the current position where the mobile terminal is located, looking up whether the ID of the base station corresponding to the current position where the mobile terminal is located exists in a preset corresponding table between base station IDs and personalization setting, reading the personalization setting corresponding to the ID of the base station if the ID of the base station corresponding to the position where the mobile terminal is located is found, and automatically switching the current personalization setting of the mobile terminal to the personalization setting corresponding to the ID of the base station. The method and the system for adjusting the personalization setting of the mobile terminal enables a user to use different personalization setting in different places, brings convenience to the user and improves user experience.


The therapeutic effectiveness of benzoyloxymethyl-thiamin in controlling post-operative pain in odontostomatological surgery has been examined. The double blind study used a placebo and concerned 100 patients subjected to avulsion of the third molar in dysodontiasis on an out-patient basis. The results point to the effectiveness of benzoyloxymethyl-thiamin in the symptomatic treatment of post-operative pain symptomatology both as regards its duration and intensity; the drug also proved to be very well tolerated and its administration was not accompanied by any unwanted side-effects.


The efficacy of dibenz (b,f)-1 ,4-oxazepine (CR), a potent sensory irritant and deltarnethrin a wellknown insecticide, in providing protection to the multi-element nylon tapes, used as aircraft arresters at airports have been evaluated. The results obtained indicate that 5 per cent CR-admixed UV resistant nylon tapes got adequate protection against attacks from wild type laboratory bred Rattus rattus for up to 160 days. CR treatment was found to be water wash resistant against 7, 30 and 60 days protection offered by 3, 4 and 5 per cent deltarnethrin, respectively.


In this article, we focus on a new scalar $\phi$ mediated scalar/vectorial WIMPs (weakly interacting massive particles) with $\phi$'s mass slightly below the WIMP mass. To explain the Galactic center 1 - 3 GeV gamma-ray excess, here we consider the case that a WIMP pair predominantly annihilates into an on-shell $\phi \phi$ pair with $\phi$ mainly decaying to $\tau \bar{\tau}$. The masses of WIMPs are in a range about 14 - 22 GeV, and the annihilations of WIMPs are phase space suppressed today. In this annihilation scheme, the couplings of the $\phi$ - standard model (SM) particles are almost arbitrary small, and the WIMP-nucleus spin-independent scattering can be tolerant by the present dark matter (DM) direct detections. A scalar mediator-Higgs field mixing is introduced, which is small and available. The lower limit on the couplings of the $\phi$-SM particles set by the thermal equilibrium in the early universe is derived, and this constraint is above the neutrino background for scalar DM in direct detections. The WIMPs may be detectable at the upgraded DM direct detection experiment in the next few years, and the exotic decay $h \rightarrow \phi \phi$, the production of $\phi$ may be observable at future high-luminosity $e^+ e^-$ collider.


Impaired mitochondrial function in the substantia nigra is one of the most likely cause of Parkinson's disease. In the present study, we investigated the protective effects of glucose against MPP+ toxicity. Results obtained indicate that MPP+ caused significant cell death in 2 mM glucose, while 10 mM glucose showed significant protection against MPP+ effects. Morphological observations revealed that MPP+ treated cells in 2 mM glucose significantly changed cell shape and size, while in 10 mM glucose; cells appeared similar to the control. MPP+ in 2 mM glucose decreased significant mitochondrial respiration, membrane potential and glutathione levels in a dose dependent manner while 10 mM glucose significantly restored them. Moreover, MPP+ in 2 mM glucose arrested the cells at G0/G1 and G2/M phases, demonstrating its dual inhibitory nature. However, in 10 mM glucose, MPP+ caused G0/G1 arrest only. The protective effects of glucose were not observed with cocaine, demonstrating that this protection is compound specific. In summary, the results obtained indicate that the loss of cell viability in 2 mM glucose group with MPP+ treatment was primarily related with significant decrease in mitochondrial respiration, membrane potential, total glutathione levels, and dual arrest of cell phases, while 10 mM glucose rescues glial cells from MPP+ induced toxicity by restoring these factors.(Supported by NIH grant RR 03020)


The organic anion‐transporting polypeptide 1B1 (OATP1B1) is an anion exchanger expressed at the hepatocyte sinusoidal membrane, which mediates the uptake of several endogenous metabolites and drugs. OATP1B1 expression level and activity are major sources of inter‐patient variability of pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of several drugs. Besides the genotype, factors that contribute to the inter‐individual variability in OATP1B1 expression level are practically unknown. The aim of this work was to uncover novel epigenetic mechanisms of OATP1B1 regulation.


One of the basic aims' of the Third United Nations Conference on the Law of the Sea was the drawing up of a Convention on deep seabed mining in the interests of mankind's common heritage.' It was hoped that such a Convention would permit immediate exploration and mining of deep sea mineral resources notably manganese nodules.' Although after initial hesitation' general agreement seemed to have been reached on principles,s voting on the Draft Convention which was flnally adopted on April 30, 1982, would seem to indicate a failure to achieve in practical terms the hoped-for consensus between industrial and third world countries.G Activity in this field, however, has not been limited to the international forum of UNCLOS. Following in the steps of the United States and Great Britain,' the French Parliament passed on November 24, 1981, the Deep Seabed Mineral Resources Exploration and Mining Act.'


A procedure to compute aeroelasticity by directly coupling the Euler equations for fluids and with plate finite element equations for structures is presented. The coupled equations are solved using a time integration method. The accuracy is maintained using moving grids that conform to aeroelastically deformed shape computed every time step. The aeordynamic forces are transferred to structures by using simple lumped load approach and also a more accurate virtual surface approach


Objective To evaluate the heights of the maxillary anterior alveolar bones with skeleton malocclusion by CBCT.Methods Sixty patients with skeleton malocclusion were divided into 3 groups,with 20 patients in each group: 20 cases with skeleton malocclusionⅠ(group 1),20 cases with skeleton malocclusionⅡ(group 2),20 cases with skeleton malocclusion Ⅲ(group 3).Collect craniofacial Dicom data by CBCT.The CT images were constructed into 3D models by using medical image processing software Dolphin Imaging 11.0.We surveyed the heights of the maxillary anterior alveolar bones.The measurements were analyzed statistically.Results The heights of the central incisive alveolar bones had no significant differences among the three groups.The heights of alveolar bones between maxillary central incisors and lateral incisors as well as those between maxillary lateral incisors and canine teeth had significant differences between group 1 and group 3,group 2 and group 3.Conclusions In patients with the three kinds of skeleton malocclusion,there is no statistical difference in heights of maxillary anterior alveolar bones in central incisive areas.The heights of the mesial and distal lateral incisive alveolar bones are not the same in patients with the three kinds of skeleton malocclusion.


: The inversion of Mesozoic extensional structures in the Northern Andes has controlled the location of syn-orogenic successions and the dispersal of detritus since latest Maastrichtian time. Our results are supported by detailed geological mapping, integrated provenance (petrogra- phy, heavyminerals, geochronology) analysis and chronostratigraphicalcorrelation(palynological and geochronology data) of 13 areas with Palaeogene strata across the central segment of the Eastern Cordillera. Spatial and temporal variation of sedimentation rates and provenance data indicate that mechanisms driving the location of marginal and intraplate uplifts and tectonic sub- sidence vary among syn-orogenic depocentres. In the late Maastrichtian–mid-Palaeocene time, crustal tilting of the Central Cordillera favoured reverse reactivation of the western border of the former extensional Cretaceous basin. The hanging wall of the reactivated fault separated two depocentres: a western depocentre (in the Magdalena Valley) and an eastern depocentre (pre- sently along the axial zone of the Eastern Cordillera, Llanos foothills and Llanos Basin). In late Palaeocene–early


Analysis of the responses of 562 Australian university students to the Biggs Study Process Questionnaire (SPQ) showed the scales to reflect only moderate internal consistency reliability and to lack uni dimensionality. However, factor analysis of the scales revealed a similar structure to that reported by Biggs (1978) and lent support to Biggs' proposed model of the study process complex.


BACKGROUND: The pandemic of respiratory illness (COVID-19) caused by a novel coronavirus has affected 8 million people and caused over 440, 000 deaths to date. COVID-19 prevalence and mortality rates have varied widely across nations. Psychosocial factors, such as common mental disorders, may influence the risk of disease spread and death during outbreaks, and these factors are in turn influenced by the prevailing environmental conditions. This study examined the correlation between the prepandemic prevalence of anxiety and depression and indices of the impact of COVID-19. METHODS: Data from 94 countries reporting at least 1000 cases of COVID-19 to date was included. The impact of COVID-19 was assessed using the prevalence and mortality rates per 1 million population and the case fatality rate. The prevalence rates of depression and anxiety were obtained from World Health Organization statistics. The correlations between these variables were examined after correcting for the confounding effects of population, median age and urbanization. RESULTS: The pre-COVID prevalence of depression and anxiety disorders were both positively correlated with COVID-19 prevalence (Spearman's ρ=0.433, P<0.001 for depression, ρ=0.387, P<0.001 for anxiety) and mortality rates (ρ=0.497, P<0.001 for depression, ρ=0.486, P<0.001 for anxiety). The association between anxiety disorder prevalence and COVID-19 mortality and case fatality rates remained significant after correcting for population, median age and degree of urbanization. CONCLUSIONS: These results provide preliminary evidence of a link between the pre-COVID prevalence of common mental disorders and COVID-19 prevalence and mortality rates. Alarge proportion of this relationship may be due to shared environmental vulnerability. However, in the case of anxiety disorders, more specific behavioral or biological mechanisms may also need to be considered.


Due to the complexity and variety of the motion characteristic and the constraint relation between the components,the mechanism becomes one of the difficulties of virtual maintenance prototyping.To alleviate this problem,this paper defines ten types of joints based on the study of the mechanism sorts and the relation between its components,classifies the mechanism according to the construction,and then simulates the kinematics of mechanism based on the connection mode between the components.The methods for adopting constraint relation and script controlling to build kinematics simulation of mechanism were studied in JACK system,their condition,range and the limitation also were analyzed.A method combining script controlling with constraint was presented.At last,they were verified though the shoot simulation of XX breech.


Our main objectives were to investigate the affinity properties of endothelial and muscular α1D‐adrenoceptors and to characterize the cross‐talk between endothelial α1D‐adrenoceptors and β2‐adrenoceptors in rat carotid.


A flux method was used to synthesize two spinel-type manganese oxides with different Li/Mn ratios.Li+ was extracted by dilute HCl and(NH4)2S2O8 aqueous solutions to investigate the ion extraction behavior.Data show that for lithium ions,these two solutions lead to similar Li+ extraction rates,and Li+ extraction proceeds via both ion-exchange and redox reactions.Manganese ions are dissolved in HCl by a large dissolution rate,whereas the two manganese oxides hardly dissolved in(NH4)2S2O8 solution.The spinel with lower mean oxidation state of Mn has more change from Mn3+ to Mn4+ when treated with oxidizing acid solution.


Survey research is increasingly turning to online research and as a consequence, sampling only, or disproportionately from, households with internet access. While the percentage of non-internet households has declined, it persists at about one in ten households. This raises the question of coverage error and bias, and whether there is an approach to reduce possible biases in internet-only samples. We processed nearly 5000 variables from over a dozen major public and private datasets to assess the extent of the bias. Finding substantive differences, we then applied a series of data-reducing techniques to arrive at 38 variables that independently skew across internet and non-internet populations. We then developed and fielded a survey of these metrics to assess which dozen or less could be used to construct an efficient propensity model to reduce bias in internet-only samples. Our analyses revealed that many variables noted in prior research are important predictors of non-internet use, but also identified others. Our final propensity model of 10 variables was highly effective, reducing bias significantly. Many variables tested had bias reduced fourfold. Contributions: Prior research has not investigated the digital divide from a wide array of public datasets, nor done enough to consider the bias inherent in internet users-only samples. Our novel random-forest approach and subsequent survey of key candidate variables controlled for correlations among the variables in identifying the most important variables across multiple datasets. Our coding of 542 significant predictors of internet use contributes to the sociological understanding of internet access.


This decade has witnessed the tremendous progress in miniaturizing optical imaging systems. Despite the advancements in 3D printing optical lenses at increasingly smaller dimensions, challenges remain in precisely manufacturing the dimensionally compatible optomechanical components and assembling them into a functional imaging system. To tackle this issue, the use of 3D printing to enable digitalized optomechanical component manufacturing, part‐count‐reduction design, and the inclusion of passive alignment features is reported here, all for the ease of system assembly. The key optomechanical components of a penny‐sized accommodating optical microscope are 3D printed in 50 min at a significantly reduced unit cost near $4. By actuating a built‐in voice‐coil motor, its accommodating capability is validated to focus on specimens located at different distances, and a focus‐stacking function is further utilized to greatly extend depth of field. The microscope can be readily customized and rapidly manufactured to respond to task‐specific needs in form factor and optical characteristics.


Antioxidants liposomal composition for inhalation in diseases of the lungs and upper respiratory tract, characterized in that it is an emulsion of natural and / or synthetic phospholipids in the form of liposomes with an average particle size of 0.2-0.4 microns, in which the membrane of the liposomes are the flavonoid dihydroquercetin and wheat germ oil incorporated, and wherein the aqueous phase of the emulsion of sodium chloride in the form of a 0.9% solution and the water-soluble antioxidants including ascorbic acid (vitamin C), N-acetyl-L-cysteine and sodium benzoate , at the following ratio of the components (wt .-%): phospholipids 2.25 to 2.75 dihydroquercetin 0.9-1.1 Wheat germ oil, containing the hydrophobic antioxidant tocopherols (TP) (vitamin E) and carotenoids 0.9-1.1 ascorbic acid 0.04-0.06 N-acetyl-L-cysteine 0.9-1.1 sodium benzoate 0.12 to 0.17 0.9% sodium chloride solution rest at pH = 6.4 ± 0.5.


The Live High-Train High (LHTH) model altitude training is required to sojourn over 2000m more than 3 weeks. In such altitudes response that may cause decreased living, sleeping and training quality. In these cases coaches may approach with suspicion to LHTH can be harmful for their training intensity edgewise training quality. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of 12 days 1850m training on some hematological parameters in the world-class woman fencers. Ten female fencers (age 21.50 ± 3.69, height 167.16 ± 3.88 cm, weight 59.11 ± 3.437 kg) voluntarily participated in this study. The athletes were investigated low altitude training camp at 1850m. The blood samples were taken before and after the moderate altitude training for analyzing erythropoietin (EPO), red blood cell (RBC), hemoglobin (HB) and hematocrit (HCT) concentration levels. The paired sample t-test was used for determine the differences pre and posttests results, significance levels p<0.05 Results shows that concentrations of EPO increased significantly after twelve days low altitude training. However RBC, HB, HCT concentrations were unaffected by the hypoxic stimulus. The results of this study have suggested that the 12 days LHTH training at 1850 m can be stimulated EPO. This means 1850 m altitude possibly induces hypoxic effect. Nevertheless, 12 days altitude training is not enough to enhance performance related blood markers.


To improve the reactor efficiency, this study investigated the influence of temperature on the biological hydrogen methanation (BHM) in trickle-bed reactors (TBR). Rising temperatures increase the metabolic activity of methanogenic microorganisms, thus leading to higher reactor specific methane formation rates (MFR). In order to quantify the potential for improved performance, experiments with four different operating temperatures ranging from 40 to 55 °C were carried out. Methane content increased from 88.29 ± 2.12 vol % at 40 °C to 94.99 ± 0.81 vol % at 55 °C with a stable biological process. Furthermore, a reactor specific methane formation rate (MFR) of up to 8.85 ± 0.45 m3 m−3 d−1 was achieved. It could be shown that the microorganisms were able to adapt to higher temperatures within hours. The tests showed that TBR performance with regard to BHM can be significantly increased by increasing the operating temperature.


The composition and synthetic process of alkyd resins were introducted and the domestic research progress in modification of alkyd resin including modification by ester,anhydride,epoxy resin,silicone and nano-materials were reviewed.


The X3Σg− , A′3Δu, A3Σu+ , 13Πg, and B3Σu− electronic states of oxygen molecule (O2) are calculated by the multi-configuration self-consisted filed (MRCI) + Q method with the scalar relativistic correction and core–valence correlation correction. The obtained spectroscopic constants of the low-lying bound states are in excellent agreement with measurements. Based on the accurately calculated structure parameters, the opacities of the oxygen molecule at the temperatures of 1000 K, 2000 K, 2500 K, and 5000 K under a pressure of 100 atm (1 atm = 1.01325 × 105 Pa) and the partition functions between 10 K and 104 K are obtained. It is found that with the increase of temperature, the opacities for transitions in a long wavelength range are enlarged because of the larger population on excited electronic states at the higher temperatures.


In this study, new spectrophotometric methods were developed for estimation of cefdinir (CFD); the research consists of two methods. The first method depends on the conversion of function group amine in cefdinir to diazonium salt and then combined with the 2, 5-Dimethylphenol (2, 5-DMP) reagent in the alkaline medium. The formed azo dye has a purple colour with absorption intensity at λmax 510 nm. Concentration range was obeyed Beer's law at (1-50 μg / ml), correlation coefficient was 0.9998, molar absorptivity was 1.54 × 104 L.mol-1.cm-1 and the detection limit was 0.04 μg.ml-1. The second method is including cloud point extraction (CPE) of a trace amount of the formed azo dye in the first method followed by measuring with a UV-visible spectrophotometer. Concentration range that obeyed the Beer's law was (0.2-6 μg / ml), correlation coefficient was 0.9998, molar absorptivity was1.48×105 L.mol-1.cm-1, detection limit was 0.004 μg.ml-1, Pre-concentration factor was 25 and Distribution coefficient was 125.The proposed methods were applied and proved their compatibility for estimating of ingredient compound in pure samples and pharmaceuticals by comparing them with previous studies.
Keyword: cefdinir, diazotization, cloud point extraction, 2, 5-Dimethylphenol.


Six new polyamides 8a–f containing p-phenylenediacryloyl moieties in the main chain were prepared by the direct polycondensation reaction of bis(p-amidobenzoic acid)-p-phenylene diacrylic acid 6 with 1,4-diphenylene diamine 7a, 1,3-diamino toluene 7b, 1,5-diamino naphthalene 7c, 4,4′-diamino diphenyl ether 7d, 4,4′-diamino diphenyl sulfone 7e, and 3,3′-diamino diphenylsulfone 7f by using thionyl chloride, N-methyl-2-pyrolidone, and pyridine as condensing agents. These new polymers 8a–f were obtained in high yield and inherent viscosity between 0.35–0.65 dL/g. The resulting polyamides were characterized by elemental analysis, viscosity measurements, thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA and DTG), solubility test, FTIR and UV–vis spectroscopy. Diacid acid 6 as a new monomer containing p-phenylenediacryloyl moiety was synthesized by using a three-step reaction. First, p-phenylenediacrylic acid 3 was prepared by reaction of terephthal aldehyde 1 with malonic acid 2 in the presence of pyridine, then diacid 3 was converted to p-phenylenediacryloyl chloride 4 by reaction with thionyl chloride. Finally, bis(p-amidobenzoic acid)-p-phenylene diacrylic acid 6 was prepared by the condensation reaction of phenylenediacryloyl chloride 4 with p-aminobenzoic acid 5. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2008


This study focuses on the applicability of current accelerator and laser technologies to the construction of compact, narrow bandwidth, gamma-ray sources for DHS missions in illicit materials detection. It also identifies research and development areas in which advancement will directly benefit these light sources. In particular, we review the physics of Compton scattering based light sources and emphasize the source properties most important to Nuclear Resonance Fluorescence (NRF) applications of interest. The influences of laser and electron beam properties on the light source are examined in order to evaluate the utility of different technologies for this application. Applicable bulk and fiber-based laser systems and laser recirculation technologies are discussed and Radio Frequency (RF) Linear Accelerator (linac) technologies are examined to determine the optimal frequency and pulse formats achievable.


This study is a study to build a virtual crane simulation system for technical research related to remote monitoring and preventive maintenance of marine crane system. In this study, we have studied the construction method of crane system for virtual simulation system. Remote monitoring of the crane system and construction of the actual system for the development of the preventive maintenance technology is necessary, but this system can be an alternative when the crane system can't be built or the system can't be built. The simulation system developed in this study has kinematic and kinematic modelling for CPS based simulation. In order to achieve the near realistic effect of each component according to the operation of the system by developing the closest to the actual crane system. These studies are expected to contribute to the research and application of digital twin systems in the marine sector.


Abstract The Suriname–Guyana and Ghana–Ivorian Basins exhibit strong geological similarities which are of interest from a petroleum exploration point of view. These include (1) a well-developed system of Late Cretaceous erosional canyons allowing coarse-grained shallow-water clastics to enter the deep marine basin to form attractive turbidite exploration targets; (2) a broad shelf with strong longshore currents which sort and transport coarse clastics into the canyon heads; (3) an organic-rich Cenomanian–Turonian hydrocarbon source rock which is thermally mature in the centre of the basin; and (4) a series of extensional fault-networks along the shelf margin that extend upwards from the Rift Sequence into the overlying Drift Sequence and which, along with the canyon geometries, enable migrating oil and gas to accumulate in combination structural and stratigraphic traps. In June 2007, Tullow and its partners made an important discovery in offshore Ghana, at Mahogany, which subsequently became the giant Jubilee field. Tullow is currently applying the same geoscientific technologies in offshore Suriname in the search for analogous subtle combination traps.


Most health communication campaigns, especially those that draw upon the diffusion of innovations tradition, are premised on the following tenets (Rogers, 2003; Singhal & Dearing, 2006; Singhal, 2010): that new health information or ideas come from the outside and are promoted by a change agency through expert change agents, who use persuasive communication strategies to educate their client audience. In this short essay, an alternative conceptualization of diffusing health innovations is broached whose premise is that innovative ideas are often lurking within the system, where the change agents' primary role is to facilitate a process whereby which the community can self-discover these ideas, and where dialogue and "social proof" result in an organic spread of the innovation, in contrast to passive adopters buying into a change agency's prescription. This alternative approach to diffusing health information or ideas is known as the positive deviance (PD) approach. PD is an approach that enables communities to discover the wisdom they already have, and finds a way to amplify it (Pascale & Sternin, 2005; Singhal & Dura, 2009). We illustrate the key tenets of the PD approach through an example of its application in dramatically reducing hospital-acquired infections in U.S. health care settings. Despite being 100% preventable, hospital-acquired infections (HAIs) kill 100,000 people each year in the United States, mainly because hygiene protocols are compromised. That is more deaths than breast cancer, HIV/AIDS, and road accidents combined. Adherence to hand hygiene protocols


Recently, Campbell and Viceira (2002) have introduced an intertemporal framework for asset allocation problem where the interest rate and the asset price dynamics are varying with the time. This paper follows up their work and try to explain the asset allocation puzzle of Canner, Mankiw and Weil(1997). We consider the bond prices systematically by integrating the no-arbitrage bond pricing models in the intertemporal framework. We employ the method of Dynamic Programming to solve the intertemporal consumption and portfolio decisions numerically because usually this intertemporal decision problems cannot be solved analytically. The numerical example considers the Vasicek bond price and the Markowitz stock price. Various properties of the consumption and portfolio decisions will be demonstrated in the numerical example. Our numerical results can explain the asset allocation puzzle. JEL Classification: G11(Portfolio Choice), C61(Optimization Techniques). Center of Empirical Macroeconomics(CEM) University Bielefeld, Germany School of Finance and Economics, University of Technology, Sydney, Australia Center of Empirical Macroeonomics(CEM), University Bielefeld and New School University, New York


The sustainability approach commits to conserving natural resources and biodiversity. In ports, many efforts that encourage improvement in sustainability exist, such as sustainable ports, eco-ports, or green ports. However, whether the current planning approaches for sustainable ports, eco-ports, and green ports can effectively achieve sustainability remains a question. This study aims to discuss this issue through a literature review. The main findings include (1) the current sustainable port planning following the ambitions of sustainable development and aiming to fulfill this generation's needs; (2) the eco-port planning approaches emphasizing environmental protection; (3) the planning approaches for green ports that have emerged within environmental management and give attention to the ecological issues; (4) all of the three approaches prioritizing environmental issues. We argue for the integration of eco-centric views for sustainability in port planning from a maritime supply chain perspective, and based on this, the concept of the green port is proposed. This study provides broad and mindful information regarding port sustainability education and can help foster innovation in order to face the challenges in sustainability.


This era is marked by our complete dependence on electronic gadgets that help make our life easier in many ways. One of the electronic gadgets is a laptop that most of the people use when they need to get their work done in less space and comfort or while traveling. The major industry that uses the laptop on a daily basis is the education industry as almost every student requires to complete an assignment, surf the internet and perform many other tasks. The most primary field that students choose to pursue their graduation in computer science as in this field we get exposure to work and deal with the best. The renowned microprocessor manufacturing giant Intel has managed to take over its rivals and be at the peak of the table. Intel has given the computer industry the best microprocessors to date. The processor that we will be discussing in this paper is: — Intel Broadwell i5-5200U and Intel Haswell i5-4310U. These two have been and will remain a popular processor in the industry because of their efficiency and performance. But in most of the cases, people who go to buy these machines often get confused as to which version of the processor they should go for that can fulfill their needs and demands. An individual can never identify the differences between these two versions of the microprocessor by just looking at them or by carrying out simple tasks. We can only spot the difference between them when both are rendered under high-performance tasks that can get the most out of the processors. This research paper includes the mathematical derivation using Fuzzy AHP approach as to which one is the best for educational purpose. This paper will also help eliminate the confusion in choosing between the two processors. The factors the decision will be based on are: — battery life, number of cores, threading, throughput.


ABSTRACT This review article focuses on the teaching of computer programming in primary school mathematics, as reported by 37 empirical studies. Our findings show that a variety of research methods are used, which often combine qualitative and quantitative approaches. Furthermore, we found the focus of attention to vary from emphasis on the teacher and the teacher's knowledge regarding computer programming, to how use of tools and devices can influence learning outcomes, and the actual teaching and learning in the classroom. We found the implications for teaching congregate in three categories: the relation between mathematics and computer programming, tools and devices, and didactical approaches. Based on the discussion of our findings, we suggest two new possibilities for research on the teaching of computer programming in primary school mathematics: focus on computer programming and specific mathematical topics, and focus on students' in-depth learning in a way that makes it possible to explore connections between computer programming and mathematics and use of computational thinking to solve mathematical problems.


Background: Few studies have reported the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) in Asian patients. We assessed the safety and efficacy of doxazosin, a selective α1‐adrenoceptor antagonist, in the treatment of Korean patients with symptomatic BPH.


Objective To evaluate the efficacy and safety of pyrithione zinc aerosol in treatment of seborrheic dermatitis.Methods Firty-eight patients with seborrheic dermatitis were randomly divided into two groups.The treatment group(30)was treated with pyrithione zinc aerosol;the control group(28)was treated with 2% ketoconazole lotion.The treatment duration of both two groups was eight weeks.Follow-up was done at four weeks and eight weeks.the clinical efficacy and adverse effect were evaluated at each visit.Results The effective rate of treatment group was 77.67% in four weeks and reached the 90.00% in eight weeks,the effective rate of the control group was 46.43% in four weeks and it reached the 60.71% in eight weeks.No adverse effect related to the drug was found in two groups.Conclusion It is effective and safety for pyrithione zinc aerosol in the treatment of seborrheic dermatitis.


The results of this ADAC test are sobering: Especially at night, most of the tested cars failed to detect pedestrians. In daylight even slow moving cyclists (less than 10 km/h) were not safely detected. Of course, OEMs do not claim that the tested vehicles are driving autonomously. The driver has full responsibility of their car all the time. The advanced driver assistant systems (ADAS) only support the conductor. Subaru and Audi have passed the tests much better than the others (for detailed results see the table). At night, most of the systems are "blind" – a few of them even switch-off without any warning.


Several microsatellite loci which were developed and reported for turbot Scophthalmus maximus were examined for Scophthalmus maeoticus. Only five of these microsatellite loci were successfully amplified with new developed PCR conditions and can be used for routine analysis of stock identification of S. maeoticus.


acy has grown dramatically in recent years (e.g., Bowren and Zintz, 1977; Cook, 1977; Cranney, 1983a; Hunter and Harman, 1979; Johnson, 1980). Although "success stories" about the development of reading skills in college students (e.g., Watson, 1982) as well as research on effective college/ adult reading strategies (e.g., Cranney, 1983b; Educational Gerontology, 1979; Mikulecky, 1982; Mikulecky and Diehl, 1980; Park, 1981) are encouraging, little has been written about adults who have learned to


The bio‐inspired sensory memory device functions as a multifunctional artificial perceptual learning system that can effectively analyze and retain multiple sensory signals. In this work, the multiscale hierarchical surface of reed leaves is templated to prepare CNTs/PDMS films, and a new type of electronic skin (E‐skin) is constructed. Due to its unique multi‐scale sensing layer surface, E‐skin exhibits a wide pressure detection range and ultrahigh sensitivity (235.95 kPa−1) and linearity (0.99 under 1.95–12.4 kPa). The memristor serving as artificial synapse is formed with HfO2 film as resistive switch layer, which has remarkable uniformity, large memory window of 102 and excellent plasticity. After integration of E‐skin with artificial synapse, the artificial synapse could be activated by the electrical information from the E‐skin to generate excitatory postsynaptic currents and the pressure information could be well retained by the memristor element. An artificial tactile perceptual neuron system with excellent retention performance, good stability and accurately recognition memory is realized, and meanwhile, the accurate decoding of Morse code by recognizing external pressure is realized. The present work transduces the concept of carbon‐based biology into a silicon‐based electronic device, which is of great significance to the development of hardware architecture in artificial intelligence.


The invention discloses a biosensor sensitive membrane and application in detection of clenbuterol hydrochloride. The sensitive membrane is prepared by the method of: 1) placing a gold membrane loaded on a glass substrate in an ethanol solution of n-Octadecyl mercaptan to perform soaking, and then conducting flushing and drying, thus obtaining a first self-assembled gold membrane; 2) putting the first self-assembled gold membrane in a coupling solution of amino-functionalized graphene or carboxyl-functionalized graphene oxide and goat anti-mouse IgG to perform soaking, then conducting flushing with a phosphate buffer solution and carrying out drying, thus obtaining a second self-assembled gold membrane; and 3) adding an antibody solution dropwise to the surface of the second self-assembled gold membrane to perform antibody assembling so as to make the antibody cover the surface of the second self-assembled gold membrane, conducting standing, then performing flushing with a phosphate buffer solution and carrying out drying. The biosensor sensitive membrane provided by the invention undergoes recognition combination with an antibody through a clenbuterol hydrochloride antigen and its conjugates, and can carry out rapid detection on clenbuterol hydrochloride.


The milling and baking quality of wheat is mainly determined by the genetic basis, but may also be influenced by management techniques. Series of winter wheat varieties were examined under identical agronomic conditions in the experimental years of 1996-2001. Weed control, the rate and application time of nitrogen top dressing, the use of insecticide and fungicide and the climate of the production year were evaluated as main factors. In the present study two major characteristics: the protein and gluten content of grain samples, were examined. The effect of nitrogen fertilization proved to have the strongest impact on both quality indexes. no significant quality differences were induced by the various means of weed control. Plant protection treatments had a rather diverse effect on the contents of the protein and gluten in certain years. The protein and gluten values were correlated in all the experimental treatments, but the level of the correlation showed considerable variation. The effect of crop year ...


Rating: Teen And Up Audiences Archive Warning: Graphic Depictions Of Violence Category: Gen Fandom: Powerpuff Girls Character: Blossom Utonium, Bubbles Utonium, Buttercup Utonium, Professor Utonium, Sarah Bellum, The Mayor of Townsville, Mojo Jojo, Amoeba Boys, Original Powerpuff Character(s), Original Characters, Sedusa (PPG), Princess Morbucks, Gangreen Gang, Ace Copular, Big Billy (PPG), Grubber (PPG), Snake (PPG), Lil' Arturo Additional Tags: Dark Fic Fest, Dark, Alternate Universe Dark, Alternate Reality, Realistic, POV Multiple, Documentation, Implied/Referenced Child Abuse, Implied/Referenced Suicide, Implied/Referenced Abuse, Hurt/Comfort, Science Fiction, Thriller, Politics, Alternate Universe Politics, Gritty, Family, Found Footage, Family Drama, Dysfunctional Family, Family Issues, Family Bonding, Family Dynamics, Family Secrets, Detective Noir, Self-Harm, Implied/Referenced Self-Harm, Torture, Psychological Torture, Implied/Referenced Torture, Complete Series: Part 1 of The Powerpuff Girls Declassified Universe Stats: Published: 2019-01-03 Completed: 2019-04-28 Chapters: 139/139 Words: 457777


The aim of this work is to give closer information about structure of Na-vermiculite/chlorhexidine diacetate antibacterial nanocomposite. Special attention has been paid to the orientation of the molecules of chlorhexidine in the vermiculite interlayer space. Molecular modeling using empirical force field in Accelrys Materials Studio modeling environment was performed in this study and obtained results were confronted with available experimental data of real samples. Molecular modeling revealed that increasing interlayer distance of vermiculite in dependence on increasing number of chlorhexidine cations in the vermiculite interlayer space is not caused by simply higher amount of chlorhexidine cations but by the different space arrangement. Molecular modeling results also led to the conclusion that it is the vermiculite surface which is primarily responsible for the modulation of antibacterial properties of vermiculite/chlorhexidine diacetate nanocomposite.


Mapping of data and information on the preparation of village development planning dikecamatan Tambang Kabupaten Kampar. The preparation of village development planning is very important to be carried out by the village head and its equipment. The objectives of the village planning arranged for the village development plan can be discussed in the village development consultation forum. In this Forum the village development plan is matured, so it becomes the Village Development Plan. The preparation of village development planning can not be carried out properly, without complete data and information either in the implementation of village government, organization and governance of village administration, village finance, village profile and other information related to governance and community empowerment. The three villages that were used as research mapping object in Kampar sub-district Tambang were Tarai build village, Rimbo Panjang village and Tambang village. Village development planning in the three sample villages appears to be underdeveloped by complete data and information, and this has a major impact on the Village Mid Term Development Plan (RPJMDesa) and the Government-Village Action Plan (RKP -Desa) which guides development implementation in the countryside


The conceptual and theoretical framework for a modular integrated Exposure and Dose Modeling and Analysis System (EDMAS) has been formulated, and its stepwise implementation and testing is currently in progress. This system aims to provide state-of-the-art tools for performing integrated assessments of exposure and dose for individuals and populations. The integration of modeling components with each other as well as with available environmental, exposure, and toxicological databases is being ac complished with the use of computational tools that include interactive simulation environments, Geographical Informa tion Systems, and various data retrieval, management, statistical analysis, and visualization methods. This paper overviews the structure and modular nature of this integrated modeling system and focuses specifically on two of its components:  (a) a hierarchy of physiologically based pharmacokinetic models (PBPKM), representing various levels of detail and sophistication, and (b) a family of microe...


An attempt is made to add conceptual strength to the conflict approach toward the study of family process. The concepts developed aim to provide analytical access to the nature of the family negotiating process. The focus thus is on the conceptions of bonding, aggression, appeasement, and threat. In addition the extramarital nature of familial and marital conflict management is discussed. Throughout the argument, findings from the field of ethology are used, heuristically, to aid in the attempts at problem formulation.


The lack of reliable methods for identifying descriptors---the sets of parameters capturing the underlying mechanisms of a material's property---is one of the key factors hindering efficient materials development. Here, we propose a systematic approach for discovering descriptors for materials' properties, within the framework of compressed-sensing-based dimensionality reduction. The sure independence screening and sparsifying operator (SISSO) tackles immense and correlated features spaces, and converges to the optimal solution from a combination of features relevant to the materials' property of interest. In addition, SISSO gives stable results also with small training sets. The methodology is benchmarked with the quantitative prediction of the ground-state enthalpies of octet binary materials (using ab initio data) and applied to the showcase example of predicting the metal/insulator classification of binaries (with experimental data). Accurate, predictive models are found in both cases. For the metal-insulator classification model, the predictive capability is tested beyond the training data: It rediscovers the available pressure-induced insulator-to-metal transitions and it allows for the prediction of yet unknown transition candidates, ripe for experimental validation. As a step forward with respect to previous model-identification methods, SISSO can become an effective tool for automatic materials development.


In view of the present situation of water pollution, such as serious water and soil losses, deterioration of ecological environment, serious area source pollution, and so on, and in consideration of difficulties in collection and control of pollutants and in application of advanced technology, some countermeasures for water pollution remediation are proposed, such as development of non harmful wastewater treatment technology, strengthening of ecological agriculture construction, reform of agricultural operation modes, and strengthening of research of artificial and natural biological treatment technology.


A novel converter topology suitable for on-line single-phase UPS systems is presented. The converter, based on an AC-DC/DC-DC boost converter combined with a half bridge inverter, uses only five active switches to realize very desirable features. These include sinusoidal input currents, a common neutral connection-eliminating the requirement of an isolation transformer, capability of voltage balancing control for DC bus capacitors, low voltage storage battery as well as its charge or discharge regulations. Further, voltage stresses on the switches in the boost converter are greatly reduced, compared with conventional half bridge converters. Detailed simulation results and experimental results are included in this paper.


Social networks are usually modeled by graphs, where the nodes represent actors, and edges indicate interactions amongst actors. In the real world, social networks are mostly multi-relational, i.e., actors are related through different relationship types, such as friendship, kinship and co-authorship. A multi-relational social network can be represented by multiple single-relational graphs, each reflecting one kind of relation. Acquiring information contained in a multi-relational social network, such as which actors interact frequently in which relationships, can help us to understand the network comprehensively and then offer better services. This paper develops a system (SQNR: A System for Querying Nodes and Relations) to query nodes that interact frequently in the specified relationships and to query relationships in which the specified community patterns (limitations of the community memberships of some actors, such as belong to the same community) can be satisfied. Twelve community patterns can be specified in this paper. The queried results provide new insights about relationships amongst actors.


Gate arrays with only one layer of metal have some advantages - notably that they are easier to make than arrays with two or three layers of metal and are correspondingly cheaper. These are countered by the increased difficulty of layout, particularly if this is to be achieved automatically by a design automation system. This paper presents an automatic layout system providing placement and routing for the C-series of uncommitted logic arrays from Ferranti; although the techniques and programs are applicable generally to gate arrays with one layer of metal.


This issue marks a moment of transition for theArchives. Some of the changes are important and substantive, others are cosmetic. Readers will have noticed that the cover of theArchiveshas changed colors (no one really seemed to like green). You may also notice that the layout and typeface of the articles have been modified to make them more "reader friendly." These subtle changes in style coincide with the major change of note with this issue—a new editor for the journal. This is an ideal moment to assess the state of theArchives. I am pleased to say that the new editor is receiving a journal that is in excellent health.Archives of Otolaryngology—Head and Neck Surgerycontinues to be the premier journal in the specialty by virtually all criteria. TheArchivesis ranked number one in every category of readership, according to independent syndicated research, and is


The treatment of the product of a thermal reaction of manganese(II) acetate tetrahydrate and trimethylacetic acid with triethylamine under reflux results in the unusual complex Mn3(μ,η2-OOCBut)4(μ-OOCBut)2[OC(But)OHNEt3]2, which, according to X-ray diffraction analysis, incorporates a linear Mn3 metal skeleton and four chelate-bridging trimethylacetate anions; a similar reaction at room temperature yields the Mn2(μ-OOCBut)4[OC(But)OHNEt3]2 complex, which has a 'Chinese lantern' structure with the Mn···Mn distance equal to 3.1087(8) A.


The modern world facilitates a luxurious life with more comfort using technology support. The latest developments not only support the human life, but it causes problems to the humans in many ways. The primary concern of Big Data is underway in Healthcare unit. Alerting before occurring of problem is evolved with the help of big data health care solutions.  Different types of sensors can be integrated with big data to produce a good solution. Our system provides a mechanism for health care systems using hidden Markov model. It acts as an intelligent system. It provides appropriate support and forwarding health related data to do real time analysis for analyzing and understanding health status.


This work presents the development in Unity of an interface for movement and interaction in Virtual Reality using Leap Motion to capture the gestures, this can be integrated with any Virtual Environment project that requires a way of movement. Given the growth of applications being developed for Virtual Environments where movement is often not used, it was thought about how to assist in development with the movement, besides being able to control other options if necessary. A common visual interface was developed for users and tested in a Virtual Reality environment, this interface brings a movement control and also a media execution control, none of these controls have a function linked to it, thus leaving it generic and any function can be applied to these controls. The interface has been easy to use and interpretation of its use, since it uses visual patterns known by the user and that the interaction with these controls is done by the hand movement of the users. The selection of gestures to control the same functions proved to be much more difficult than the idealized one at the beginning, for this reason the controls with interagible buttons were adopted.


Soil liquefaction during earthquakes causes major destruction. Liquefaction occurs when pore pressures increase to the point where the soil effective stress is very low, reducing soil strength to the point where existing loads cannot be supported. Reducing susceptibility to liquefaction has traditionally been done by grouting, drains or densification. A new method of reducing liquefaction susceptibility is presented: immobilizing pore water. A gel-like chemical is added to saturated soil. The resulting material is not conventional soil", and does not liquefy in the conventional sense. Excess pore pressures are still generated, but effective stress is not reduced according to the classical equation. The result is that the soil retains a considerable amount of strength. This paper gives preliminary results of cyclic triaxial tests on clean Ottawa density sand impregnated with gel. A procedure for preparing very loose triaxial specimens by freezing is reviewed. The results indicate liquefaction susceptibility is significantly reduced.


Our long-term goals are to develop new IR algorithms that utilize knowledge graphs and semantic annotations for composing comprehensive essays on complex questions. We participated both in the passage and entity retrieval task. Our passage retrieval runs are based on a class experiment from the course on data science for knowledge graphs and text, taught in Spring 2017. The best performing methods, BM25 and a special form of query expansion, were submitted. Our entity retrieval runs are based on a novel method to develop graph walk algorithms for knowledge graphs that can reason in every step which edges to follow to stay on topic.


The invention discloses a hot isostatic pressing preparation method of a high-density molybdenum-copper alloy and the hot isostatic pressing preparation method is used for solving the problems that material heat conductivity and device air tightness are influenced by defects such as relatively low relative density, non-uniform component distribution and relatively small sample sizes existing in a process of preparing a molybdenum-copper alloy by using an existing method. The hot isostatic pressing preparation method comprises the following steps: performing ball milling on weighed raw materials, firstly preparing a cold-pressed billet, and then removing a low-density oxide phase by virtue of hydrogen reduction. By adopting a high-vacuum hot isostatic pressing dense sintering method, the density problem of the molybdenum-copper alloy can be successfully solved, the sintering temperature can also be greatly reduced, interface structures of the materials can be effectively controlled, uniform distribution of components can be achieved, and the heat-conducting properties of the materials can be optimized. By adopting the hot isostatic pressing preparation method disclosed by the invention, the molybdenum-copper alloy with high density, high copper content and large size can be successfully prepared, requirements of electronic packaging and heat sink materials for the properties such as material strength and heat conductivity can be met, relatively good market application prospects can be achieved, and the molybdenum-copper alloy is worthy of being popularized and applied in large scale.


The present study was conducted to investigate the effect of salinity levels on seed germination and seedling growth of pearl millet (Pennisetum glaucum L.) and grain sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L.). Two laboratory experiments were conducted using one pearl millet variety called Dimbi and one sorghum variety called Barbarei. Fifty seeds of each of the crop variety were germinated in Petri dishes containing filter paper of 9cm diameter. Treatments comprised of control (distilled water), 0.5%, 1.0% and1.5% of sodium chloride (NaCl) designated as S1, S2, S3, and S4 respectively. Treatments were arranged in completely randomized design (CRD) with 4 replications. Data recorded for the both experiment were subjected to analysis of variance (ANOVA). Least Significant Differences (LSD) method was used to test differences between treatments means at 5% and 1% probability level (Gomez and Gomez, 1984). The 1.5% (S4) NaCl treatment caused significant reduction in seed ermination in both millet and sorghum varieties. Only 20.3-27.3% seed germination was recorded in millet variety over the germination period of 4 days in 1.5% salt concentration which much less compared to 40.3-46.3%, 32-43.8% and 40.3-46.3% at control, 1.0% and 0.5% NaCl treatment respectively. More or less similar trend of seed germination was noted in case of sorghum at different salt strength. Germinating percentage was reduced by 41.2% and 35.8% respectively for millet and sorghum in higher salt concentrations. In similar way plumule length, fresh and dry weights of plumule and radical of both millet and sorghum decreased significantly (p ≤ 0.01) as concentration of NaCl increased.


Background: The quality of sleep is frequently impacted in patients with epilepsy. Vagus Nerve Stimulation is a relatively common treatment used in patients with medically resistant epilepsy. Some studies show an improvement in quality of life, however, there is limited data on the impact on sleep quality. Methods: A database analysis was conducted on Medline, Embase, and Cochrane to find studies that examined the VNS's effect on quality of sleep in medically resistant epilepsy. These studies included randomized clinical trails, case studies or reports, cohort studies, and systematic reviews. Results: 75 papers were reviewed and 16 studies from eight countries were included in the analysis. A total of 93 patients with ages ranged from 10 – 49 were included. Analyzing the change in the quality of sleep after VNS was evaluated using Multiple Sleep Latency Test. The literature showed that at low stimulus intensities, VNS treatment improves daytime sleepiness in patients. However, VNS setting titration has a dose-dependent effect on obstructive sleep apnea where higher VNS frequencies are related to higher apnea events. Conclusions: Limited data is available on the impact of VNS on the quality of sleep. Further studies are required to evaluate the improvement of sleep in patients with VNS.


1. IntroductionIn recent years, areas such as pragmatics, intonation and non-verbal communication have not caught a strong attention in second Language (L2) learning. Hurly(1992,p.259) argues the importance of teaching these areas to L2 learners:"Learning skills in these areas[pragmatics, intonation and non- verbal communication] could enable L2 learners to communicate more effectively without having inappropriate gestures or conversational strategies. Communication is not merely an exchange of words. Linguistic elements, paralinguistic elements and non-verbal communication elements such as, co-speech gestures and non-speech sounds are part of the communication and all convey meaning (Lyons, 1995,p.97).Thus, It is essential for L2 learners to perceive and recognize intonational and pragmatic differences. Goodwin (1996)also believes that in L2 learning, pronunciation learning involves learning how to articulate sound segments, and also learning how to understand the situational relationship between sound and meaning.Balanced focus on meaning and prosodic features through planned tasks in L2 instructions can deepen students' awareness of such forms and make them understand the relationship between meanings, forms, and functions in a highly context- sensitive situation (Fraser & Perth, 1999; Murphy, 2003, Muranoi, 2007). Therefore, it is necessary to study not only the linguistic element of the conversation, but also to determine the context of the utterances.L2 learners should be able to perceive and recognize acoustic and pragmatic differences. The use of planned instructional activities increase the perceptual salience of commonly ignored L2 input or output features, and promotes their noticing the gaps within their own L2 knowledge.Acoustic parameters of speech and prosodic cues such as variation in pitch, intensity, speech rate, duration of vowel and rhythm may be manipulated -exaggerated, diminished, sped up and slow down- to convey illocutionary force and pragmatic attitudes. As Laver (1995) said: prosodic features are available to speaker and listener in order to encode and decode the speech. Prosodic cues can also provide paralinguistic information such as the speaker's view, and attitude toward the dialogue partner and the situation. Indeed, all the information contained in speech contributes to the interpretation of the message.In this paper prosodic variation conveying the commissive illocutionary force and attitude in samples of real speech will be explored. Commonly analyzed acoustic parameters for such a description of emotion in speech have been pitch range and duration in each prosodic contour. In this study detailed acoustic information on illocutionary force expressed in speech by 40 speakers (20 males and 20 females) gained. Acoustic estimations are used in order to investigate the realization of illocutionary forces by Iranian learners of English.In this research, we supplement the production aspect with the perception aspect, it is due to the fact that the complementarity of the production and the perception processes is the basis of the spoken communication process and firmly establishes the communicative importance of the parameters being studied.2.Literature review2.1 Theoretical BackgroundSearle (1975b) classified illocutionary acts based on a number of essentially pragmatic parameters. He maintains that the expressed psychological state of speech acts, the beliefs or other mental states that a speaker necessarily expressed by performing an act of that type. According to Searle, a language is performing speech acts such as making statements, giving commands, asking questions or making promises. He maintains that the expressed psychological state of speech acts, the beliefs or other mental states that a speaker necessarily expressed by performing an act of that type. His approach holds that SAs are only explained by special conventions that are neither semantic not pragmatic. …


The Dutch social rental sector often serves as an example for other countries as a result of its large share and good quality housing. However, many things have changed in the sector in recent years. After 2011, the central government has regained its control over the housing associations. This was needed after the unacceptable amount of scandals that characterized Dutch social housing after 2000. Unfortunately, some of the new housing policies direct the sector into the direction of a residualization (the sector becomes smaller and there is a larger concentration of lower income groups). This is undesirable because the challenges that housing associations have to face are bigger than ever. Housing shortages are increasing, housing affordability is under pressure and spatial segregation is growing.


Butia capitata (Mart.) Becc., commonly known as jelly palm, is a palm tree native to the Cerrado biome. It is considered an endangered species owing to intensive extractive exploitation of its fruits, with slow and uneven seminiferous propagation as an aggravating factor. Thereby, there are some bottlenecks related to jelly palm seedling production that needs to be optimized. Light quality and intensity is very important to seedling production, as it controls the metabolism of plants and consequently their growth and development. Thus, the aim of this work is to evaluate the effect of shade nets on the growth and physiological aspects of jelly palm seedlings. The experimental design was completely randomized, with five treatments, ten replicates and eight plants per replicate, totaling 400 plants. Experimental treatments consisted of the use of shade nets with 50% shading and different radiation intensity: white (985 µmol m -2 s -1 ), red (327 µmol m -2 s -1 ), black (433 µmol m -2 s -1 ), and silver (405 µmol m -2 s -1 ). Full sun (1000 µmol m -2 s -1 ) was used as the control treatment. Growth and physiological analyses of the plants were performed after six months of treatment. We concluded that the red shade net increases growth and biomass of Butia capitata plants. However, the use of shade nets had no effect on the tested physiological characteristics of this species. The red shade net is the most suitable for the production of Butia capitata seedlings in the southern region conditions of Minas Gerais State.


In 2015 the NAPZA case in Riau expected to increase sharply compared to 2014 due to its geographical location that surrounded by the ocean that it had a beach which was easy for a place for drug traffic. Individual factors that cause drug abuse were curiosity, desires to be accepted by the group, following tendencies, seeking pleasure, seeking attention and imitating famous people. Whereas environmental factors were from family relations who were not harmonious, poor interpersonal relationships, parents/family members were also drug users, the communities are less concerned, lack social control and group pressure. The purpose of this study is to identify the relationship between individual factors and the environment with drug abuse in class II A prisons in Pekanbaru. This research was conducted from March to August 2015 with a cross-sectional analytic design on 89 assisted residents. The results showed that all individual and environmental factors had a relationship with drug abuse behaviour except for the environmental sub-variables, namely parents/family members as well as users. The contribution of Individual factors in drug abuse indicated that of the six most prominent individual factors are the average curiosity of the inmates is 75.78 ± 15.987 (the lowest results are 25, and the highest is 100. The least was the common desire to seek attention in abusing NAPZA is 52.83 ± 18.018 (the lowest results are 8, and the highest is 100. The results of this study could use as material for coaching activities related to individual and environmental factors in prison.