Atherosclerosis is a significant cause of mortality from cardiovascular disease. The role of Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection in atherogenesis is debatable. The current study aimed to assess the association between H. pylori infection and some risk factors of atherosclerosis in older people. 180 males and females, apparently healthy, over 60 years old, were examined by Fecal Helicobacter Pylori-Antigen ELISA test for H. pylori infection. Blood pressure, high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-cholesterol), low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-cholesterol), triglyceride (TG), fasting blood glucose, and body mass index (BMI) were measured for all participants.
The faecal H. pylori antigen-positive group had a lower HDL-cholesterol level and higher levels of LDL-cholesterol, triglyceride, fasting blood glucose, and BMI than the faecal H. pylori antigen-negative group with a statistical difference (P < 0.05). The faecal H. pylori antigen-positive group had 2.4, 2.2, 2.6, 2.5 fold more likely to have increasing in the LDL-cholesterol, triglyceride, BMI, and decreasing in HDL-cholesterol, respectively. This risk became more considerable after adjustment for gender, age, blood pressure, and fasting blood glucose (adjusted odds ratio (AOR)= 3.1, 3.0, 3.3, 3.3), respectively.
The infection by H. pylori in older adults is an independent factor for increasing lipid profile and BMI, which are the key modifying factors for the progress of atherosclerosis.


As early as 1894, J. J. Hoppe commented on what, for want of better words, might be called the intermittent aspecc of movement afcereffects. In the typical spiral aftereffect situation, for example, this is characterized by a report from an observer that the afcereffect appears to stop and, after a brief interval, reappear. Hoppe's finding was later endorsed by Borschke and Hescheles ( 1 9 0 2 ) , and more recently by McKenzie and Hartman (1961) who claimed that they had ". . . observed two distinct phases" in the duration of the spiral aftereffecc, the first of which they called the "Alpha phase" and the second the "Beta phase." In spite of chese observations, chere is no experimental study known to the author which has probed this aspect of the spiral afcereffect. This, of course, may only mean that those who are aware of it regard it as an inherent feature of the phenomenon unworthy of furcher examination. However, it appears thac such a view may be iinwarranted and that this intermittency represents a characteristic of individual observers and not of the phenomenon as such. It is well established, for instance, that visual fixation of a point on the test stimiiliis is a necessary condition for the occurrence of the spiral aftereffect. Thus, che pattern of events underlying an observer's report thac the aftereffect is experienced in phases may be as follows. S, incent on fixating the cencer of che stacionary spiral, eicher unwittingly or iinavoidably allows his attention to stray from this point. H e ultimately reaches a stage where he realizes that his attention has wandered. It is then that he quickly brings the original fixation point again into focus. Now it is while these gross eye movements are occurring that the aftereffect can surely not obtain, for visual fixation is one of the conditions necessary in order to experience the spiral aftereffect. Thus, in terms of a n observer's report, the end result of such eye movements might be the reported occurrence of the spiral afcereffect in phases.


This piece of work is aimed at studying the rewards to job mobility and whether it is a proper tool to experience wage growth and escaping situations of low-paid jobs. The data-base used will be the European Community Household Panel Survey, from which a sample of young people (under 30 in 1994) from thirteen different countries has been drawn. The selected technique will be a fixed-effects model where job mobility endogenous nature is taken into account and where the marginal wage increase for movers is approached. Results show that, on average, young workers who move across employers (being initially worse paid than the stable ones) achieve a positive increase in their wages vis-a-vis those who remain with the same employer. However, this advantage in the wage dynamics is positive but at a decreasing rate, with too much mobility resulting in lower outcomes. Although a causal relation between job mobility is found, including control for endogeneity often wipes the explanatory power of mobility away, particularly when accumulated mobility is looked at. NON-TECHNICAL SUMMARY The aim of the paper is to discern whether job mobility helps to significantly improve wages at the beginning of the working career, as well as being able to disentangle potential eroding or scarring effects of intensive mobility. The data-base used is the European Community Household Panel Survey, from which a sample of young people (under 30 in 1994) from thirteen different countries has been drawn. Results show that some of the positive rewards to voluntary mobility and negative outcomes of involuntary moves are wiped away when unobserved heterogeneity and endogeneity are taken into account. Bit we still find causal links between job mobility and recent wage mobility in a large number of countries. Despite our initial hypothesis of which countries would register higher returns or scars from job mobility, we have found that "formally highly regulated" labour markets tend to register important rewards and scars to recent moves and that, when the observation window is widened, there is no clear pattern of rewards to mobility that we can relate to institutional aspects. Job mobility pays in the mid term, even for involuntary movers, although at a decreasing rate, which means that there comes a point in which wages do not grow any more with more and more mobility, all the contrary.


The fuzzy c-means (FCM) algorithm is one of the most widely used method for data clustering, the standard FCM is not effective by itself to segment the image, as it fails to deal with the significant property of images, such as noise and intensity inhomogeneity. In this paper, we propose a novel fuzzy c-means image segmentation algorithm. Its effectiveness is due to two mechanisms. The first mechanism is the replacement of the Euclidean distance traditionally used to measure similarity of the image pixels by a novel similarity measure which is considered spatial neighborhoods using Gaussian kernel, and thus our method becomes less sensitive to the noise of the image. The second mechanism is not requirement of any similarity penalty term in FCM's objective function as some FCM's variants to reduce the influence of noise on the result of image segmentation, in addition, our method needs no requirement of setting parameter according to the image, and thus our method is more general and robust for image segmentation. We present the experimental results not only in the application of synthetic image segmentation, but also in the difficult application of synthetic aperture radar (SAR) image segmentation; it is shown that we propose a novel method to obtain the cluster for image segmentation.


Aim: The aim was to determine the Candida albicans counts, forms of existence, and acidogenic potential in children with early childhood caries (ECC), severe early-childhood caries (SECC) and caries free. Materials and Methods: A total of 30 healthy children below 4 years of age was divided into caries free, ECC, and SECC based on American Academy of pediatric Dentistry; Early Childhood Caries Definition (2000). Non-stimulated whole saliva samples were micro-biologically evaluated. Results: A 63.3% prevalence of C. albicans (63.3%) was found; it was most in SECC group. Yeast was the predominant (68.4%) morphological form exhibited. The acidic potential of yeast was found to be more than the other pathological forms. Conclusion: The study findings suggest that the yeast of C. albicans was almost highly prevalent and acidogenic in SECC group. for its survival by transformation into its hyphal form could be an etiological causative factor to be considered for the rapidity and severity of ECC. Due to small and narrow dfs sample in our study and due our localized geographical sample collection; the results may favor C. albicans . Further studies are needed to confirm the pathogenicity of Candida in ECC. Furthermore, future clinical trial on antifungal agents as a preventive therapy for controlling ECC.


RAPD technique was applied to study intraspecific genetic polymorphism and differentiation of Suaeda acuminata populations in oasis-desert transitional zone in Fukang, Xinjiang. By analysis of RAPD data, higher genetic variability was found in the populations of S. acuminata, with a percentage of polymorphic loci of 98.9%. Both estimations by Shannon diversity index and by Nei's gene diversity index from RAPD data, it was found identically that about 72% of molecular variation existed within the subpopulations, while about 28% of which existed among subpopulations. Analysis of genetic identity, genetic distance and cluster analysis showed that genetic differentiation has taken place in the populations of Suaeda acuminata in oasis-desert transitional zone in Fukang, Xinjiang, China. The correlation analytical result between the soil factures and the genetic diversity indicted that there was a significant positive relation between genetic diversity and concentrations of Mg++, conductivity (CO) and absorbed water(W) in soil, while there was no significant relation between genetic distance among subpopulations and geographical distance. Analysis of genetic identity, genetic distance and cluster analysis between the five subpopulations showed that genetic differentiation has taken place in the population of Suaeda acuminata in oasis-desert transitional zone in Fukang, Xinjiang. No correlation existed between genetic distance among subpopulations and their locations in oasis-desert transitional zone. Adaptation to its habitats and restricted gene flow among subpopulations may be a cause of genetic differentiation of Suaeda acuminata population in oasis-desert transitional zone in Fukang, Xinjiang.


Recent experiments have shown that the superconducting energy gap in some cuprates is spatially inhomogeneous. Motivated by these experiments, and using exact diagonalization of a model $d$-wave Hamiltonian, combined with Monte Carlo simulations of a Ginzburg-Landau free energy functional, we have calculated the single-particle local density of states LDOS $(\ensuremath{\omega},r)$ of a model high-${\mathrm{T}}_{c}$ superconductor as a function of temperature. Our calculations include both quenched disorder in the pairing potential and thermal fluctuations in both phase and amplitude of the superconducting gap. Most of our calculations assume two types of superconducting regions: $\ensuremath{\alpha}$ with a small gap and large superfluid density, and $\ensuremath{\beta}$ with the opposite. If the $\ensuremath{\beta}$ regions are randomly embedded in an $\ensuremath{\alpha}$ host, the LDOS on the $\ensuremath{\alpha}$ sites still has a sharp coherence peak at $T=0$, but the $\ensuremath{\beta}$ component does not, in agreement with experiment. An ordered arrangement of $\ensuremath{\beta}$ regions leads to oscillations in the LDOS as a function of energy. The model leads to a superconducting transition temperature ${T}_{c}$ well below the pseudogap temperature ${T}_{c0}$ and has a spatially varying gap at very low $T$, both consistent with experiments in underdoped Bi2212. Our calculated LDOS $(\ensuremath{\omega},r)$ shows coherence peaks for $Tl{T}_{c}$, which disappear for $Tg{T}_{c}$, in agreement with previous work considering phase but not amplitude fluctuations in a homogeneous superconductor. Well above ${T}_{c}$, the gap in the LDOS disappears.


Pyohaerok(漂海錄), written in 1488 by Choi Boo(崔溥), a official who served the Joseon dynasty, gives a detailed expression of his five-year experience in China after the ship, on his way from Jejudo to the mainland, was cast away in the shore of China. With other forty-two entourages, his experience period is from January 1st to June 4th, 1488 in the reign of Seongjong. In fact, Choi Boo's landing on China was a kind of unexpected situation, far from a formal visit. Understandably, his company, not ready for making any conversation in Chinese, should encounter many Chinese. They tried to communicate with the natives, using various methods, such as their gestures and conversation by writing in Chinese characters. His Pyohaerok, therefore, has been seen as a important text enabling one to explore the communication between the people of Joseon and Chinese when they needed to take proper measures except for speaking skill. This paper is an attempt to examine the conversation between both sides, and to extract the socio-cultural aspects of the mode of conversation by writing.


This study was conducted to assess: a) the effects of different levels of the use of Kombucha tea on the function of the immune system, b) changes in blood factors, c) and feed intake level in small intestine of a population of Japanese quails. Different levels of Kombucha tea were used in the drinking water of quail chicks during a 42-day period: 10%, 15%, 20%, and plain water. All chicks received the same nutrition rations during the breeding period. A total of 320 one-day old Japanese quail chicks were grown within 4 treatments, 4 replications in each treatment, and 20 chicks were grown in each replication. Sheep red blood cells (SRBC) were injected into the chicks within two steps in order to monitor the productivity of their immune system: the amount of antibody production of serum and blood factors were measured. The production efficiency was measured based on several factors: the weight of the chicks, food intake, and the food conversion factor through the last two weeks. Two chicks were selected at random to take intestine tissue samples at the end of each treatment. The samples were from duodenum and jejunum. The morphological examination was based on the following factors: villous height and width, diameter of sub-mucosa layer and the muscular layer. In conclusion: the use of Kombucha at the level of 20% caused an increase in the length of villous in duodenum and jejunum, while it did not have any effects on daily weight gain, feed intake and food conversion factor of the examined groups. The 10% and 15% levels of Kombucha caused an increase in the number of white blood cells, while they did not leave a significant impact on the antibody production levels of different groups.


After the French revolution of students in 1968, there had been a great upsurge of collaborative theatre productions in which actors took centre stage and many of successful companies associated with theatre of movement and gesture were founded As performers and audiences began to take more interest in the creativity of the actor, the need was felt to explore different training methods. Theoretical developments in theatre scholarship were favourable to this enterprise. Their emphasis was on process rather than product, on the need to understand creative method as much as to assess the outcome. They began to redefine the notion of a ``text`` in the theatre, showing that the old binary opposition between the writer`s text and actor`s performance was untenable, and that the performer also generated a ``text`` which would be rich, combining words, action., movement, gesture, dance and music. Because of the new approach, theatre scholars and critics were able to appreciate the originality of Lecoq`s approach to theatre of movement and gesture. In his practice and his pedagogy, he refuses to allow an academic distinction to be made between text and performance, insisting that the actor ``writes with his body`` in space. He began as an athlete, not as an actor, and so his first interest was always in the capacities of the human physique and in the way that every action, every movement that we make, carries meaning, whether we intend it or not. Lecoq believed that all human beings share a ``universal poetic sense`` and the ability to respond creatively or poetically, depended on the laying down of a series of sediments through the universally shared experiences of being born, nurtured, developing movement and speech, and discovering a world of movement, objects, sounds, colours and other human beings outside ourselves. For an actor to enter into the necessary state of creative openness, he had to be able to relate afresh to these basic discoveries. His exploration of the laws of movement was always practical and could only be experienced in and through the body. But neither was it divorced from the realm of the emotions on the basis of physical experimentation, he was always searching for ways of introducing the imaginative and poetic dimensions. Although the training pioneered at the Lecoq School initially begins in silent improvisation and neutral mask work, it quickly moves on to integrate speech. This paper examines the neutral mask which has become a central part of curriculum of Lecoq School on the purpose of preparing the creative actor. Lecoq developed his research and teaching on the neutral mask from Jacques Copeau and together their work represents the most significant investigation into this teaching tool within the twentieth century. Wearing the neutral mask encourages students to find a pure economy of movement which is uncluttered by social patterns or habits, and which invites them to explore a sensual and physical relationship with the world and its matter. Although the neutral mask is not a mask for performing, any observer of these exercises will have their attention directed towards the whole body of the wearer, now that the overly expressive qualities of the face are erased and rendered ``neutral``. Later, when the neutral mask is discarded in actual performance, the supposition is that this total body awareness will serve the actor well when tackling different forms of characterisation. The landscape of neutrality contains a number of noteworthy features and assumptions that take us to the root of Lecoq`s pedagogy. Therefore, Lecoq`s acting method with the neutral mask contributes the value and the function of creative actor in the future, beyond the existent acting theories on psychological motivation and emotional identification.


Many techniques for bearing fault detection have been proposed. Two of the most effective approaches are using envelope analysis and the empirical mode decomposition method (EMD), also known as Hilbert-Huang transform (HHT), for vibration signals. Both approaches can detect the bearing fault when the vibration data are not strongly disturbed by noise. In the approach using EMD method, the EMD algorithm is used to decompose the vibration data into components with a well-defined instantaneous frequency called intrinsic mode functions (IMFs). Then a spectral analysis is used for selected IMFs to indicate the appearance of nominal bearing defect frequencies (nominal frequencies), which are caused by bearing faults. However, when the data are strongly disturbed by noise and other sources, the approach can be failed. The EMD algorithm generates IMFs itself; hence, the IMFs will also contain both a fault signal part and other components. It becomes more severe when the other components are dominant and have significant amplitudes near the same frequencies as the fault signal part. Moreover, in the IMF extracting process, the EMD methods keeps removing the low-frequency components until the residual is an IMF; therefore, until the IMF is found, some of the fault signal parts can be removed and will appear in the next IMFs. Therefore, it must be emphasized that the energy of the fault signal part can spread in some IMFs that will lead the detecting faulty features in any of those IMFs to be weak. In this paper, we address the weakness of the EMD method for bearing fault detection by introducing an adaptive EMD (AEMD). The AEMD algorithm is intended to generate IMFs so that one of them contains most of the energy of the fault signal part; thus, it assists our model to detect the bearing fault better. Moreover, the bearing fault detection model using the AEMD method with simulation data is compared with those of using envelope analysis and the latest version of the EMD, called an ensemble EMD algorithm. An application study of bearing fault detection with AEMD method is also carried out.


The Malaysian poet Salleh ben Joned occupies a unique place in the literary imagination of the nation. Not only is he one of the very few Malay writers who refused (and still refuses) compliance with the state's move to elevate the status of bahasa Malaysia (or the Malay language) as the national language and medium for national literature during the late 1970s and early 1980s, he is also infamous for his explicit use of graphic sexuality, profanity and blasphemy in his poems and essays. As a member of the dominant racial group in Malaysia, which grants him bumiputera (literally "son" or "prince of the soil") status and establishes his Muslim identity, Salleh's deliberate transgression of religious, political and cultural boundaries in his poetry would, understandably, discomfit many Malay-Muslim readers and critics. In fact, Muhammad Haji Salleh, who was National Laureate when Salleh's debut collection, the bilingual Sajak Sajak Salleh/Poems Sacred and Profane (2002), was published, declared it as "the most traumatic experience for the Malay literary scene." 1 But Salleh's notoriety is not only confined to his writings. In 1974, he publicly urinated at the inauguration of an art exhibition, which he claimed in an open letter to the press was meant as an act of criticism against the exhibition's affectation, and to affirm the power of art to disturb and destabilize the status quo. 2 Unsurprisingly then, despite his importance in the canon of anglophone Malaysian literature, there has been almost no scholarship devoted to his work. To my knowledge, only Adibah Amin


The results of 14 cases of Wilms tumor, treated according to the SIOP, nephroblastoma trial and study protocols, are presented. Later, an up to date review of the state of knowledge on the problem is done, mainly in relation to histology, treatment and prognosis.


The topic of polymer nanocomposites remains an active area of research in terms of its potential applications in dielectric and electrical insulation applications. Although more than a decade has passed since Lewis first considered these systems as dielectric materials, the precise effects of incorporating nanofillers into different polymers are yet to be confirmed. While this strategy is generally regarded as a promising means for tailoring insulation performance, the consequences of adding a nanofiller to an insulating matrix are not always positive; for example, where dispersion is poor the breakdown strength can be adversely affected. This paper reports on an investigation into a nanofilled polyethylene system prepared via a solution blending route. Specifically, in this study, the effect of processing and nanofiller dispersion on the structure and physical properties of the nanocomposites that forms was considered. The crystallization behaviour and morphology of the differently processed materials have been evaluated by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and polarised optical microscopy (POM). The influence of nanofiller dispersion on breakdown behaviour is also described.


This chapter discusses the post-sinking history of the shipwreck: first as an unmarked wreck impacted by fishing activities, then its rediscovery by wreck divers, the development ashore of nearby Atlantic City, and the factors leading to the identification of the wreck, as well as the work done to identify it.


In this study, the use of vinification by-products in broiler diets, as a sustainable and promising way of exploiting them, was examined. In particular, the potential use of ground grape pomace (GGP), wine lees extract (WYC) and grape stem extract (PE) in broiler diets was examined. Growth performance parameters, the weight of selected internal organs, meat quality traits, fatty acid profiles of breast meat and selected haematological parameters were determined. Two hundred and forty one-day-old broilers were assigned to four treatments with four replicate pens of fifteen broilers. There was one control treatment (CON), fed a basal diet, and the GGP, WYC and PE treatments, fed a basal diet supplemented with 25 g/kg GGP, 2 g/kg WYC and 1 g starch including 100 mg pure stem extract/kg PE, respectively. The duration of the experiment was 42 days. The average body weight gain during the starter, grower and finisher stages did not differ among treatments. Similarly, the feed intake, FCR and carcass yield did not show a significant difference. The weight of the internal organs was also similar among treatments. Some positive differences were observed in colour traits of meat and in haematological parameters. In the GGP group, saturated (SFAs) and unsaturated fatty acids (USFAs) were lower and higher, respectively, compared to the CON, WYC and PE groups. Vinification by-products seem to be a promising feed additive in broiler diets providing a sustainable approach to grape waste management without affecting broiler performance.


When a monocomponent signal with slowly oscillating instantaneous frequency is embedded in a noise, its instantaneous frequency is usually added by many high peaks and low troughs. But real instantaneous frequency is a trend in estimated instantaneous frequency if signal has a small SNR. Though Maximum Likelihood Estimator can smooth some higher crests and lower troughs, real instantaneous frequency is still not very obvious. A new nonparametric instantaneous frequency estimation method is established based on Empirical Mode Decomposition (EMD). Firstly, smoothed version of the Phase Difference Estimator-Maximum Likelihood Estimator is adopted to estimate the instantaneous frequency. Then more accurate instantaneous frequency can be shifted as a trend by EMD. A simulation is used to test this new method. The result shows the method described is proved to be more accurate and less computation.


Management of teacher performance coaching in improving vocational subject learning is motivated by the lack of optimal teacher performance, low student achievement, and unemployment of SMK graduates. The research aims to get an overview: the implementation of coaching performance of certified educator teachers; factors that influence teacher performance; efforts and strategic steps to streamline coaching. Using qualitative methods. Research results: Fostering teacher performance in three Vocational Schools has been carried out by the school supervisor together with the principal but has not been optimally effective due to several reasons: the ratio of schools with supervisors 1: 35 (ideal: 7-10);  Coaching is done together for all subject teachers;  there are non-linear teachers with educational backgrounds and originating from multiple expertise certification; Not all vocational subject teachers have competency certificates; Facilities for practical infrastructure for students are still too large in ratio compared to the number of students; The results of the guidance and supervision activities that have not been optimal are followed up by educated certified vocational subject teachers. Factors that influence teacher performance come from the intrinsic and extrinsic factors of the teacher itself. Efforts made to improve learning:Aligning programs and teaching materials with industry parties; Fulfillment of infrastructure facilities; Apprenticeship of teachers to industry; the use of learning models that encourage students to be more active; increasing the role of the MGMP; competency certification for vocational subject teachers.


In an earlier article on the subject of zoning Indian reservations,1 this author began with quotes from a recent issue of Time magazine that indicated two possibly overlapping problems: the legally unique status of Indian reservations, sometimes largely independent of ex ternal political control, and the need for land-use planning at the state, regional, and national levels. That those problems remain is illustrated by statements in a recent National Geographic. In one article, an American Indian speaks of problems of his people, and in particular about the Navajos of the Four Corners area: 'In recent years an extensive coal-mining operation has mutilated some of their most sacred land. A large power plant in that same region spews contamination into the sky that is visible for many miles."2 Else where in the same issue, another writer speaks of trends as to land use controls and predicts, "I believe that by the year 2000 the states will have a significant voice in land-use policy?and they should. The states will take back significant parts of the power they granted to municipalities half a century ago."3 In the earlier article, I suggested that the states were also moving into the area of imposing land-use controls on Indian reservations, although I urged participation of, and consultation with, Indian tribal governments in any such state activities. Since that was writ ten, my view has been challenged;4 additional writing has appeared on this subject; and several cases have been decided that relate either directly or indirectly to zoning on reservations. This article will con sider these recent developments. The basic legal and political status of Indian reservations has, of course, not changed in the past few years. It remains true that the reservations vary considerably in historical background, present form of government, and relation to other governments.5 Early United States legal authority treated the Indian tribes as independent sov ereign entities, relying on the federal government for external pro tection but retaining their right of self-government.6 The tribes thus had the unusual distinction of being sovereigns within a sovereign.7


Abstract The School-to-Prison Pipeline is an alarming trend of funneling children of color out of schools and into incarceration. Yet the focus on the Pipeline neglects the ways society is imbued with a commitment to criminalizing unwanted bodies. In this empirical article I foreground a spatial analysis, making connections to the socio-spatial dialectic, exploring the nature of the Pipeline within a carceral state, and establishing who is vulnerable to state violence. Next I frame the work through Disability Critical Race Theory and the methodological tool of Education Journey Mapping, investigating both the social and spatial processes through the dimensions of mapping. Finally I document findings, making visible the socio-spatial education trajectories of incarcerated young women of color. The purpose of this article then, is to explore the social and spatial mechanisms that funneled girls of color with disabilities into the carceral state, and ways the girls resisted the state violence.


With the explosion of population and with overall aim of enhancing the rate of economic and commercial development, the service system has to be such that it meets he requirements of customers in reducing the waiting time in ad- dition to providing them efficient and quick service. Also, in a competitive market the customers are found to display the influence of upward and downward trend in business of a business house through their input /output to/from a service facility. In such a case, the input to the system may be found to take place in groups of random sizes and arrivals/departures of customers at a point time may be influenced by those at the preceding points of time. This necessitates the study of a model with a number of parallel service channels having non-Markovian arrivals /departures mechanism. Keeping such a situation in view, this paper deals with k-parallel service channels having bulk arrivals and non-Markovian departures. Laplace transforms of the probability generating function for queue length distributions are obtained and steady state results are derived therefrom. Lastly sorne particular cases of the model are iscussed


To understand behaviour of longitudinally stiffened plated girders subjected to high bending moments and shear forces, four tests on large scale test specimens were performed. The results of these tests were used to verify the numerical model, which was employed for further parametric studies. With a verified simplified numerical model a parametric nonlinear analysis was systematically carried out to determine the resistance of longitudinally stiffened plated girders. Based on 630 numerical simulations a new equation for interaction at high bending moments and shear forces is proposed, as is the section, where the check should be performed. An extensive reliability analysis of five different design models was made, i.e., the EN 1993-1-5 interaction model, the proposed new model, the gross cross-section bending resistance model and two models, which are a combination of the first three.


Currently, the use of rich spectral and spatial information of hyperspectral images (HSIs) to classify ground objects is a research hotspot. However, the classification ability of existing models is significantly affected by its high data dimensionality and massive information redundancy. Therefore, we focus on the elimination of redundant information and the mining of promising features and propose a novel Bole convolution (BC) neural network with a tandem three-direction attention (TDA) mechanism (BTA-Net) for the classification of HSI. A new BC is proposed for the first time in this algorithm, whose core idea is to enhance effective features and eliminate redundant features through feature punishment and reward strategies. Considering that traditional attention mechanisms often assign weights in a one-direction manner, leading to a loss of the relationship between the spectra, a novel three-direction (horizontal, vertical, and spatial directions) attention mechanism is proposed, and an addition strategy and a maximization strategy are used to jointly assign weights to improve the context sensitivity of spatial–spectral features. In addition, we also designed a tandem TDA mechanism module and combined it with a multiscale BC output to improve classification accuracy and stability even when training samples are small and unbalanced. We conducted scene classification experiments on four commonly used hyperspectral datasets to demonstrate the superiority of the proposed model. The proposed algorithm achieves competitive performance on small samples and unbalanced data, according to the results of comparison and ablation experiments. The source code for BTA-Net can be found at https://github.com/vivitsai/BTA-Net.


Autonomic Computing Self-Configuration /Organization can simplify the complexity of software deployment, management and utilization in pervasive environments such as smart spaces. Software management complexity in pervasive environments is a serious problem, which leads to high management costs and slow down the broad utilization of the pervasive technologies. This paper presents our work on a self-organization middleware that reduce user manipulations and reasoning during software deployment and organization in smart spaces. Our approach is based on Fuzzy Logic and semantic description in order to support the self-organization reasoning on the environment context.


Phrynopus peruanus, the type species of the genus, was described by Peters in 1874 based on three specimens from "Maraynioc in Peru". In 1975, Lynch redescribed the species based on two preserved females, but skin texture, male characters, coloration in life, and precise information on the type locality and natural history remained unknown or uncertain. In December 2005, four specimens of P. peruanus were found at the Puna of Maraynioc at 3825 m a.s.l. in the Vitoc Valley (Departamento de Junin). Males were calling from inside the bunched Peruvian Feather Grass (Stipa icchu). Coloration in life and morphology of males and females are described along with observations on their habitat and ecology.


This paper proves that the homotopy type of a pointed, simply-connected, 2-reduced simplicial set is determined by the chain-complex augmented by functorial diagonal and higher diagonal maps (a simple generalization of the ones used to define Steenrod operations). The treatment of this problem is completely self-contained, and includes material that simplifies, extends, and corrects material from the authors AMS Memoir, "Iterating the cobar construction".


There are two algorithms to solve the retarded time equation in the acoustic analogy. One is the classic retarded time method, and the other is the source time domain algorithm or the advanced time approach. The latter is more effective and simple than the former. However, difficulties may arise in the reconstruction of the acoustic signal in the observer time domain. The signal interpolation in every observer time step and a completeness check at the end are necessary for the reconstruction. In addition, two error regions which cannot to be ignored in frequency domain are generated by the latter. They are called the incomplete reception error. It is the main purpose of present work to analyze the formation process and characteristics of the incomplete reception error. Then the analysis is tested with a simplified model and the numerical results show that there are some spurious numerical oscillations in frequency domain if the incomplete reception regions are not removed. Finally, the difference between the method of directly removing the incomplete reception regions and the standard acoustic signal post-processing method is compared. The comparison results show that the method of removing incomplete reception regions directly is better.


Background: Although presence of pulmonary metastasis is indicative of disease progression and its untreatable nature, in recent decades, numerous efforts have been made for treatment of these patients by surgical resection of metastatic lesions. The efficacy of this procedure has been variable in various reports and different diseases. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of metastatectomy in survival rate of patients with pulmonary metastases who underwent metastatectomy in Masih Daneshvari hospital. Materials and Methods: This was a retrospective study and we evaluated medical records of 99 patients suffering pulmonary metastasis who had been referred to our center during 1995-2007; out of which 48 patients who were qualified for metastatectomy underwent this operation. The required qualifications for surgery included: feasibility of resecting all metastatic lesions, tolerance of surgery by the patient, absence of metastatic lesions in organs other than the lungs, and control of primary disease. Information regarding the site of primary lesion and its pathology, time interval between the diagnosis of primary disease and metastasis, surgical morbidity and mortality, form of surgical procedure, type of incision, number of pulmonary metastases and survival rate of patients was collected. Patients were followed up via clinical visits. In case of insufficient clinical visits, we contacted the patient or his/her family and collected the rewired data. Obtained data were analyzed using SPSS software. To assess the patients' survival rate after the operation, Kaplan-Meier test was used. Results: Sixty-seven pulmonary metastatectomies were conducted on 48 patients (31 males and 17 females) in the age range of 16-86 years (mean 40 yrs). Twenty-five patients had unilateral and 23 had bilateral metastases. Among patients with bilateral metastases, 7 underwent single-phase metastatectomy while 16 underwent two or multi-phase metastatectomy. Surgical incisions were done through the following approaches: in 60 cases through postero-lateral thoracotomy, in 4 cases through mid-sternotomy and in 3 cases through bilateral anterior-transverse thoracotomy along with sternotomy (clamshell). In 61 cases pulmonary metastatic lesion was removed by wedge resection, in 14 cases by lobectomy and in one case by pneumonectomy. Mean number of resected lesions was 6.7 (range 1 to 59). Post- operative complications occurred in 10 patients (15%) including pneumothorax in 9 cases and chylothorax in one. No morbidity, mortality or life-threatening complications occurred in any of the patients. The mean survival of patients following metastatectomy was 22 months (range 1 to 128 months) and their 5-year survival was 24.5% Five patients had 5 years (60 months) or more survival. Conclusion: Although the under-study population was not homogenous pathologically, it seems that metastatectomy with acceptable morbidity, increases the survival of patients and in some cases results in their complete recovery. (Tanaffos 2008; 7(1): 47-51)


Volume 22, Issue 7 April 2007 1 During the peak of cough and cold season millions, of Americans find themselves searching through the cold medicine section of the neighborhood store in an attempt to relieve nasal stuffiness and sinus pressure. Until recently, the choice included with the ingredient pseudoephedrine found in over 700 cough and cold remedies. Pseudoephedrine (Sudafed ® ) , phenylpropanolamine , and phenylephrine were three of the oral decongestants deemed safe and effective by the US Food and Drug Administration in 1976 for the relief of nasal congestion caused by the common cold, allergic rhinitis, and sinusitis. After a large, multi-centered trial in 2000 confirming the link between phenylpropanolamine use and hemorrhagic stroke in women, all pharmaceutical manufacturers voluntarily removed it from their products. The FDA estimates that phenylpropanolamine caused between 200 and 500 strokes a year among 18 to 49 year-old users. More recently, after passing the USA Patriot Act (HR 3889, Title VII) in September of 2006, all stores are required to keep pseudoephedrine containing products behind the counter requiring purchasers to show photo identification and sign a log book prior to purchase. These changes are part of a nation-wide effort to reduce home-based "meth labs" that create methamphetamine, a highly addictive street drug derived from pseudoephedrine. Fearing customers would shy away from pharmacists to ask for these products, Pfizer introduced a replacement product containing 10 mg phenylephrine (SudafedPE) that cannot be converted to methamphetamine and has no restrictions. This conversion has left the consumer with a package that looks indistinguishable from the previous product, but with unproven efficacy.


Abstract Ten new quaternary pyridinium salts with urea or carbamate group were prepared and the acidity constants determined. On addition of base to the salts ot pyridyl-urea, stable inner salts could be isolated.


Objectives: In our study, adult patients who underwent abdominal trauma in the emergency department and received abdominal tomography; We aimed to examine demographic features, clinical and laboratory findings of abdominal trauma, severity of trauma, mortality rates, intra-abdominal solid organ injury rates, and degree of injury to organs and contribute to the literature. Methods: This study was carried out as a result of retrospective examination of 335 patients over the age of 18 who underwent tomography, considering abdominal injury from multiple trauma patients admitted to the emergency department. Age, gender, mechanism of injury, accompanying system injuries, vital signs, physical examination findings, laboratory values, solid organ injury degree, injury severity scores, treatments, and final status of the cases were recorded. The data obtained were analyzed statistically. Results: 76.2% of the cases were male and the mean age of the patients was 41±18.4 years. Blunt injury was detected in 92.8% and penetrating injury in 7.2% of patients with suspected abdominal injury. The mortality rate of all patients was 1.2%. 12.8% of the patients had solid organ injuries. 95.3% of patients with solid organ injuries were blunt injuries. Liver injury was detected in 55.8%, spleen injury in 41.9% and kidney injury in 18.6% of cases with solid organ injury. While 79.1% of patients with solid organ injuries were treated conservatively, 20.9% were treated surgically. Injury severity scores and transaminase values of patients with solid organ injuries were significantly higher (p <0.05).


ABSTRACT A mathematical model (ALaRM) for predicting the reacidification profile of calcium carbonate treated lakes has been calibrated and confirmed using data from two Lake Acidification Mitigation Project (LAMP) lakes. This manuscript focused on the use of ALaRM to evaluate the relative impact of bottom sediment processes on the reacidification rate of the LAMP lakes. Prior to liming the lakes exhibited annual average sediment-to-water ANC fluxes of 194 and 240 meq/m2-yr for Woods Lake and Cranberry Pond, respectively. Following liming there was a period of net water-to-sediment ANC flux due to a reversal of the gradients of ANC-determining chemical species, indicating a buffering effect of bottom sediments on water column acid-base chemistry. A sensitivity analysis indicated that calcite treatment of sediments as well as the water column could mitigate the sediment reacidification-accelerating effect.


The aim of this study is to develop a new methodology based on optical sensors able to recognize and characterize microplastics collected in the marine environment. In recent years, this pollution represents an environmental emergency with serious effects on human health and marine organisms. The study was carried out on microplastics collected in different geographical areas. Through the hyperspectral imaging (HSI) based approach, performed in the SWIR range (1000-2500 nm), a classification model based on chemometric techniques was implemented in order to identify in a rapid, non invasive and non-destructive way the polymers in the investigated samples.


Organic semiconductor technology has advanced rapidly in the last 15 years. Organics are more environmentally-friendly than silicon. This paper reviews the history of organic semiconductors, then discusses the author's research into circuits made with squid ink and with other edible common materials.


Objective: To explore the effect of combined spinal-epidural anesthesia on immune function of HIV -infected cases undergoing cesarean section. Methods: 30 HIV infected pregnant women of term pregnancy were selected as observation group ( group A) , 30 normal pregnant women adopting selective cesarean section were selected as control group ( group B) ; venous blood samples were obtained before anesthesia,2 hours after anesthesia,1,3,7 days after cesarean section,the amounts of CD3 + ,CD4 + ,CD8 + and NK cells were detected by flow cytometry. Results: There was no significant difference in amounts of CD4 + ,CD8 + ,NK cells and ratio of CD4 + /CD8 + among different time points in the two groups ( P 0. 05) . There was significant difference in amounts of CD4 + ,CD8 + ,NK cells and ratio of CD4 + /CD8 + of different time points between the two groups ( P 0. 01) . Conclusion: Combined spinal epidural anesthesia can inhibit the cellular immune function of HIV infected pregnant women mildly and briefly,but there is no significant difference.


We illustrate how dynamical transitions in nonlinear semiclassical models can be recognized as phase transitions in the corresponding--inherently linear--quantum model, where, in a statistical-mechanics framework, the thermodynamic limit is realized by letting the particle population go to infinity at fixed size. We focus on lattice bosons described by the Bose-Hubbard (BH) model and discrete self-trapping (DST) equations at the quantum and semiclassical levels, respectively. After showing that the Gaussianity of the quantum ground states is broken at the phase transition, we evaluate finite-population effects by introducing a suitable scaling hypothesis; we work out the exact value of the critical exponents and provide numerical evidence confirming our hypothesis. Our analytical results rely on a general scheme obtained from a large-population expansion of the eigenvalue equation of the BH model. In this approach the DST equations resurface as solutions of the zeroth-order problem.


In this paper we present the results of dielectric measurements of liquid crystal (LC) 5*CB arranged in porous matrices with a pore diameter of 100 and 20 nm. We analyse the e ect of the surface interactions on the dynamics of the molecules. The results are compared with the results for bulk 5*CB. The most important observation is the blocking of the phase transition of 5*CB into the solid phase in the matrix with pore diameter of 20 nm.


The standard protocol for teleportation of a quantum state requires an entangled pair of particles and the use of two classical bits of information. Here, we present two protocols for teleportation that require only one classical bit. In the first protocol, chained XOR operations are performed on the particles before one of them is removed to the remote location where the state is being teleported. In the second protocol, three entangled particles are used and there is no need to transmit any particle to the remote location.


Manufacturing of advanced ICs with ultra-thin gate oxides is critically dependent upon the surface and subsurface properties of the silicon wafer. However, a majority of the electrical characterization techniques measure bulk properties or, if measuring surface properties, cause damage to the silicon surface. This surface damage results in measurements that no longer reflect the initial properties of the semiconductor-oxide system. In this paper, the basic electrical characterization techniques are compared considering the properties and requirements for in-line electrical monitoring of advanced ICs: non-destructiveness and the capability to perform surface characterization. The focus of the paper is on C-V equivalent techniques and lifetime measurement methodologies. A novel Surface Charge Profiler (SCP) method is introduced for in-line monitoring of advanced IC manufacturing as an alternative to conventional techniques. The SCP measurements provide effective separation of the surface related-effects from the bulk and back surface related-effects. The capabilities of SCP are illustrated with monitoring of surface contamination as well as low temperature oxidation and deposition of thin films of high-k dielectrics such as Ta 2 O 5 .


Kirkley, J. E., Walden, J., and Fare, R. 2011. A general equilibrium model for Atlantic herring (Clupea harengus) with ecosystem considerations. – ICES Journal of Marine Science, 68: 860–866.A framework is presented for assessing the economic ramifications of ecosystem-based management decisions, with attention focused on Atlantic herring (Clupea harengus) in New England. The Atlantic herring has often been referred to as the most important fish in the northeastern United States because it is a filter-feeder, is believed to improve water quality, and is very important to the health, growth, and abundance of major gamefish, marine mammals, seabirds, and several species of fish. Although many approaches for examining the potential economic ramifications of ecosystem-based management are possible, attention is focused on one method that can be used given existing data. A static, deterministic input/output (I/O) optimization (IOLP, input/output linear programming) model is developed that breaks out the impact of different decisions on herring allocation on the 2006 New England regional economy of Maine, New Hampshire, Massachusetts, and Rhode Island. The IOLP model is a promising approach for informing policy-makers of the economic implications of various allocation choices. The framework is also flexible enough to allow further disaggregation of the small model presented to include additional fishing and non-fishing sectors.


[Objective]To understand the status of heavy metal contamination in some foods in Miyun County of Beijing.[Methods]The detection was conducted according to GB/T 5009,and the evaluation was performed according to GB 2762-2005and GB 2760-2011.[Results]350 samples of 11 types of food,which included pig kidney,preserved duck egg,salted eggs,pork liver,fresh mushroom,dried mushroom,corn products,rice,vegetables,wheat and freshwater crayfish,were collected to detect the contents of lead,cadmium and total mercury. There were 5 unqualified samples with the unqualified rate of 1. 43%,and 345samples were qualified with the qualified rate of 98. 57%. All of 5 unqualified samples were dried mushroom,and the unqualified index was cadmium content. [Conclusion]The detection results show that the heavy metal contamination is not serious in some foods in Miyun County.


An organizations' ability to make the right decision at the right time is critical to its success (Wernz & Deshmukh, 2010; Roberto, 2013). Given the importance of effective decision-making to organizations, it is not surprising there is significant research on this topic. However, most analysis and research focuses on the role leaders play in organizational decision-making. I believe a holistic approach to decision-making needs to take into account employees' contributions to decision-making processes and outcomes. The purpose of my study is to add to the body of literature on organizational decision-making, and provide both leaders and employees with information on which employee behaviors support effective decision-making processes and outcomes. To answer these questions I used a mixed methods approach conducted in two phases. I first used leader interviews to identify which employee behaviors are perceived as most effective in supporting their decision-making. Then, by using those responses to develop a questionnaire, I surveyed both leaders and employees to determine if the presence of these behaviors in an organization predicts a high level of decision-making effectiveness as reported by survey respondents. The results of my research indicate a strong correlation between the presence of certain employee behaviors and decision-making effectiveness. In addition, I was able to theorize which of these behaviors have the greatest impact on decision-making effectiveness. These results have important implications for organizations, leaders and employees looking for ways to improve decision-making processes and outcomes.


Use of water resources and wastewater treatment on a global scale. For various areas of use, appropriate water quality and purification is required. But in connection with the ecological situation in various countries of the world and the economic situation, which is developing in 2023 and beyond, it is worth noting that it leads to a global emergency. Instability of wastewater treatment parameters in various regional and global basins. The obsolescence of water purification processes and mechanisms prompts humanity to search for new methods of purification and disposal of accumulated pollution.
The financial sector is experiencing a significant downturn and is pushing global stock exchanges into economic depression and the possible collapse of currency charters in the system of central banks. The change in the reserve currency and the value of currencies in the world financial sphere is already setting a new trend in the distribution and redistribution of economic markets. The further development of technology and science in general requires the search for new funding sectors, platforms for the use of financial niches and a globally accessible calculation and earning sector for scientists.
Heat recovery and wastewater treatment is becoming a key issue in the field of water resources. Among the local sources of purification, which are gaining great popularity and special need in our country. Biological processes of water purification are quite dependent on temperature changes. It has been observed that when there is a rapid drop in temperature over a period of several hours, the hydraulic retention of the CB acts as a buffer for the temperature in the tanks, resulting in the stabilization of the biological process.
In the research, the search for a project with a quick payback period and low cost with provision of hot water supply appears. Implementation of technologies for utilization of heat from the environment and income for the benefit of communities and condominiums. The further calculation of the project should have a tendency, regarding the universality and practicality of its implementation, to be economically competitive and to bring improvements to the public sector.
One of the first steps in the development of networks is the need for data. Work with data can be carried out in two ways: visualization and arrangement of data based on tabular forms in combination with existing maps, as well as with the development of a spatial display of objects, in combination with attributive data, for other operations and system interaction. Based on the data, it is possible to determine the location of boiler houses, CTP and ITP, as well as the distance of consumers from them. The distance between houses can serve as the main characteristic for dividing consumers into zones, which, in turn, will reflect the situation with high-quality provision of domestic hot water.
After analyzing the data, it was found that some houses contain several connections of DHW networks. HVP networks are a network of interconnected linear objects, with the help of which it is possible to determine the distance of objects, as well as to display the distribution of the load between consumers.
Keywords: heat pump, cost-effectiveness of projects, water heating, geospatial search, alternative sources, waste water, urban infrastructure, secondary heat.


Graphical passwords are used in the world. Several kinds of topological graphic passwords (Topsnut-GPWs) are designed by using disconnected topology graphs in this paper. Our methods for the construction of Topsnut-GPWs can be transformed into efficient algorithms, and the spaces of Topsnut-GPWs are large and complex for withstanding attacks. We show that the mathematical modulus (Hanzi-graphs) of Chinese characters for making new Topsnut-GPWs that may be easily accepted by Chinese people.


One of the most debatable issues in Economics is the relationship between economic growth and the environment. From the policy point of view, what is important is the formulation of the best-suited policies for both growth and the environment. But the implementation of regional and environmental policies requires the existence of methods for evaluating the economic and environmental situation in each country. This paper offers such a method and applies it in the case of EU member-states by positioning them in a Environmental Quality-Income map. Our findings suggest that the notion of sustainable development is best suited for countries characterized by below average Environmental Quality and Income. The old notion of "growth versus environment" has given way to a new view in which economic development and environmentally sustainable practices go hand in hand.


As the team who operate BA Fashion Design Womenswear at LCF, London, we have observed considerable student interest in the area of gender and gender identity- however there appears to be considerable confusion over a number of related terms. Students seem to be lacking contemporary awareness in this area and for the most part they tend toward a theoretical approach. We run a second year project called "MUSE" which asks students to design for a real client, with whom they meet, develop a dialogue, hold fittings and eventually present their collection to. MUSE is a project which focuses on the importance of personal contact and touch, for understanding fashion and how these understandings can develop teaching and learning. By definition the muses are individual and diverse and students are required to engage with thoughts about sizing, body type, age and gender as well as personality, taste and the context in which the clothing will be worn and seen


1. With the advent of higher voltage irradiation there is an increased danger of damage to the deeper tissues in the irritated area.

2. Bone, as well as the soft parts, is subject to injury by the roentgen ray.

3. If radiation osteonecrosis involves the femoral neck, spontaneous fracture may possibly occur.

4. When there is pain about the hip joint following irradiation for gynecological cancer, skeletal metastases should not be assumed without definite roentgenographic evidence.

5. In no way is the deep roentgen-ray therapy condemned, nor is its efficacy in pelvic malignancies questioned. We should continue its use and at the same time be alert to its unavoidable complications.


The present invention is a kind of wasteland waste oil bleaching clay Solvent Extraction of oil as the main raw material, component and water through a series of reactions to form a highly efficient dispersion, flocculation, no secondary pollution for high special treatment agent concentration wastewater. Belonging to the technical field of environmental pollution control, to a wet paint spray booth, paint production lines circulating water treatment Efficient treatment agent, while the present invention also relates to a method for preparation and application of the treatment agent, while reducing the cost of raw materials, other terms of resources to achieve the purpose of recycling, and promote the development of circular economy.


With the concept of Smart Grid (SG) proposing, safe operations and supply rates are heating-points of SG research. The emphasis construction of SG is the construction of Smart Distribution Grid (SDG). The core functions of SDG contain how to improve the supply reliability of Distribution Grid (DG), how to plan and design the structure of SG reasonably and how to locate, isolate and restore faults quickly and accurately. This paper analyses the structure of SDG, and proposes a fast positioning algorithm of small current grounding fault in SDG and proposes a good method of how to recover the non-fault lines rapidly.


According to the power generation mechanism and power generation characteristics of an electroactive acrylic elastomer (E-ACE), a new idea of vibration energy harvesting with the use of E-ACE was proposed, which is based on the analysis of vibration energy harvesting technology research status and development trend. The prototype of the vibration energy generator was constructed by using the E-ACE material, and its mechanism characteristic of vibration energy harvesting was analyzed and studied in the experiments. Experimental results show that the generated voltage of the E-ACE material increases with the increasing vibration amplitude and vibration frequency. The generated voltage of the E-ACE material exhibited nonlinearity with the increase in the strain area, and there existed an inflection point. It is not true that the bigger the prestretching, the better it is. There is a suitable prestretching condition. The results provide the basis for further research in the field of vibration energy harvestin...


Application of polycarboxylic series HP-400 in concrete engineering of Chaotianmen Bridge was introduced.The engineering practice proves that there are some advantages of polycarboxylic series HP-400 including few mixing amount,low water reducing ratio and low slump loss,as well as good work performance of concrete mixing process and good concrete appearance quality,which can ensure engineering construction.


Introduction: Low vitamin D and vitamin K status are both associated with cardiovascular risk. New evidence from experimental studies on bone health suggest an interaction between vitamin D and K, however a joint association with vascular health outcomes is largely unknown. Hypothesis: We assessed the hypothesis that the combination of low vitamin D and low vitamin K status is associated with higher systolic and diastolic blood pressure in 402 participants and with incident hypertension in 231 participants free of hypertension at baseline. Methods: We used data from a subsample of the Longitudinal Aging Study Amsterdam (LASA), a population-based cohort of Dutch participants 55-65 years. Vitamin D and K status were assessed by measuring 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] and dephosphorylated uncarboxylated matrix gla protein (dp-ucMGP). High dp-ucMGP is indicative of a low vitamin K status. Generalized estimating equation and Cox proportional hazard models were used for the association of vitamin D and vitamin K status with blood pressure and incident hypertension (systolic blood pressure ≥140 or diastolic blood pressure ≥90 mmHg or using anti-hypertensive medication). Results: During a median follow-up of 6.4 years, 62% of the participants (n=143) developed hypertension. Vitamin D and vitamin K status were categorized in groups: 25(OH)D Conclusions: The combination of low vitamin D and K status was associated with increased blood pressure and might play a role in the development of hypertension.


In order to improve medical care of patients with sleep disorders this review presents modern conceptions about It and briefly describes Its most frequent disorders, namely: excessive daytime somnolence, insomnia, parasomnias and disorders of sleep-wake pattern; emphasis Is made on the need to thoroughly work-up patients suffering from these disorders and to avoid unjustified hypnotic medication in cases of insomnia.


Objective To delineate the changes in pattern and time course of semantic and phonological processing during Chinese language cognition study in patients with mild Alzheimer's disease (AD) and mild cognitive impairment (MCI). Methods Patients with mild AD(n=32)and MCI (n=39) as well as normal controls (NC, n=40) matched with age, gender, level of education were enrolled in the study. Subjects completed Chinese compound word decision task applying both short and long stimulus onset asynchrony (SOA). Semantic, homophonic, semihomophonic and unrelated primes preceded the real words as well as nonwords targets. Subjects were asked to judge whether the targets were real words or nonwords. The reaction time and accuracy were recorded for each response. Semantic and phonological priming effects were analyzed by comparing the related primes versus unrelated primes. Analyses of variance (ANOVA) and t-test were conducted for reaction time and accuracy respectively. Results The mean reaction times of mild AD and MCI groups were prolonged (411 ms and 234 ms) for all types of priming in contrast with NC(P0.01). Responses of the NC were faster during the long SOA as comparing to short SOA (53 ms,P=0.002), whereas reaction times of mild AD and MCI group (95 ms and 74 ms) were longer for long SOA than for short SOA (P=0.005, P=0.011). The semantic and phonological priming effects appeared in all groups. The accuracy of nonwords judgment in mild AD and MCI group (20.0% and 14.4%) was significantly lower than NC (9.0%,P0.01). Conclusion The results indicate that the speed of Chinese language cognitive processing should be decreased in both mild AD and MCI patients. The semantic encoding might be impaired in mild AD and MCI patients. The phonological processing in mild AD patients might be impaired,whereas which in MCI patients might be preserved.


Major postoperative complications are devastating to surgical patients. Some of these complications are potentially preventable via early predictions based on intraoperative data. However, intraoperative data comprise long and fine-grained multivariate time series, prohibiting the effective learning of accurate models. The large gaps associated with clinical events and protocols are usually ignored. Moreover, deep models generally lack transparency. Nevertheless, the interpretability is crucial to assist clinicians in planning for and delivering postoperative care and timely interventions. Towards this end, we propose a hierarchical model combining the strength of both attention and recurrent models for intraoperative time series. We further develop an explanation module for the hierarchical model to interpret the predictions by providing contributions of intraoperative data in a fine-grained manner. Experiments on a large dataset of 111,888 surgeries with multiple outcomes and an external high-resolution ICU dataset show that our model can achieve strong predictive performance (i.e., high accuracy) and offer robust interpretations (i.e., high transparency) for predicted outcomes based on intraoperative time series.


It has been suggested that hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection could be associated with B‐cell clonal expansion. The aim of this study was to analyze the relationship between lymphoproliferative disorders and HCV infection in liver transplant recipients. We studied 157 patients receiving a liver transplant between January 1989 and May 1997 with a follow‐up longer than 3 months. The incidence of posttransplant lymphoproliferative disorders (PTLDs) was analyzed with reference to the indication for liver transplantation, the induction and maintenance immunosuppression, the incidence of acute rejection episodes, and Epstein‐Barr virus (EBV) infection. Six PTLDs occurred after a median posttransplant follow‐up of 7 months (3.8%). Four of the 6 PTLDs occurred among the 38 patients transplanted for HCV‐related cirrhosis, and 2 PTLDs occurred in the 119 patients receiving a liver transplant for non‐HCV liver diseases (10.5% vs. 1.7%, respectively; P = .03).The 4‐year probability of PTLD was significantly higher in patients receiving a liver transplant for HCV‐related cirrhosis than non‐HCV liver diseases (12.3% vs. 2.2%, respectively;P= .015). Patients receiving a liver transplant for HCV‐related cirrhosis were more likely to receive antithymocyte globulins (ATG). However, in patients treated with ATG, the 4‐year probability of PTLD was higher among those patients receiving a liver transplant for HCV‐related cirrhosis than for non‐HCV liver diseases (27.1% vs. 6.4%, respectively;P= .08). EBV gene products were detected in tumor tissues in 3 of 4 patients with HCV‐associated PTLD. Our data suggest that, in addition to EBV infection, 2 mutually nonexclusive factors, i.e., the use of ATG and HCV infection, could play a role in the occurrence of PTLD after a liver transplant for HCV‐related cirrhosis.


The best interest of the child is not a defined term but a concept that allows for cultural, political and social interpretations. The Swedish government is obliged to protect every child's interests and take the judicial decision-making into account in all aspects of a child's situation. Subsequent to an event in early autumn, 2011, when two children in the care of the LVU, were deported from Sweden along with their parents, the Immigration Services and the Social Services were called to a meeting by the Swedish Children's Ombudsman to discuss how these Services should conduct such matters. It became clear how there is missing knowledge about children's situations. In light of this, I intend to examine the immigration office methodology used to assess, interpret and determine a child's best interests. The study was conducted with a qualitative approach and interviews, and I am analyzing data from the constitutional welfare model. Central to my analysis and conclusions is how the principle of the child's best interest, in Swedish law and in the Convention on the Rights of the Child (CRC), is formed in such a way that it does not conform with traditional legal rules. Currently, the manuals, guidelines and instruments are conducive to a mechanical approach to judicial decisions rather than free individual assessment. Such assessments expect the decision makers to have knowledge and competence in many various disciplines. The principle of the child's best interest should be seen as an open concept where freer assessments are based on holistic solutions. In asylum matters, Immigration Service officials shall act after making a so-called child impact assessment, in which the principle of the child's best interest is one of the aspects to be considered.


"Do Health Consciousness and Health Behavior Affect Egg Consumption? The Case of the Edmonton Consumer." Neall, Amanda, University of Alberta, second-place paper. "The Changing Face of Agriculture: Characteristics and Perceptions of Arkansas Women in Agriculture." Albright, Carmen, University of Arkansas, third-place paper.


warded part of the specimen to Dr. R, -M. Buchanan, city pathologist, who independently diagnosed it a sarcoma. The patient remained in hospital for two weeks after operation, and during that time his appetite remained good; he had no nausea or vomiting, and little discomfort save for spasmodic attacks of abdominal pain. His anaemia rapidly became worse till the haemoglobin percentage had fallen to 30, with about 2,000,000 red ccls; the anaemia remainied of a simnple secondary type. He died three weeks after going home. Apart from the rarity of the tumouir the case is interesting beeause of the enitire absence of digestive (listurbances, which may be explained by the fact that the neoplasm, originatinig, as such tumnouri-s are said to do, in the subm1111Cosa, spread outwards in the midldlo (oat and (lid niot apparently cause ulceration of the mu-cosa. The otlher two patielnts mientioned lbad definite digesti-e symptoms, but ulceration was presenit. ALEXANDER SMITH, M.B., Chs.B. Robrof ston Hospital, Glasgow.


Explicit instruction for writing is not common within higher education. Student struggles in developing high-quality academic written work occur within the cognitive process and in using scholarly resources. The qualitative study examined existing practices used in supporting student writing in higher education with the purpose of identifying new instructional practices to bridge the gap between thinking and writing. The theoretical framework included the cognitive load theory to examine student needs in terms of short term and long-term cognitive loads. Data was collected from faculty staff and administration of higher education institutions. The significance of the research in higher education includes the development of collective strategies to support the academic writing needs of students and recognition of the role of cognition in student writing challenges. Research to further address thinking and writing and the gap in literature is needed.


China aster (Callistephus chinensis L.) is one of the most popular annual flowering plant grown through-out the world. Phyllody disease of China aster is a phytoplasma associated disease that induces severe economic losses. Phytoplasmal disease in China aster was assessed for phytoplasma by direct polymerase chain reaction primed by using phytoplasma universal primer pairs PI/P7. A 1.8 Kb DNA fragments encoding the portion of phyto-plasma 16SrDNA amplified by PCR was cloned and sequenced. Sequencing of the PCR product and BLAST analy-sis indicated that China aster phyllody phytoplasma strain shared maximum sequence identity (99%) with strains of Peanut Witches' broom (16SrII) phytoplasma group. Phylogenetic relationship of 16SrDNA sequence of China aster phyllody phytoplasma strain in the present study confirmed association of Peanut Witches' broom (16SrII) group of phytoplasmas with China aster phyllody disease in India.


In this thesis, we first provide a survey on the isolation challenge and on the cache- based side-channel attacks in cloud computing infrastructures. We then present different approaches to detect/mitigate cross-VM/cross-containers cache-based side-channel attacks. Regarding the detection of cache-based side-channel attacks, we achieve that by leveraging Hardware performance Counters (HPCs) and Intel Cache Monitoring Technology (CMT) with anomaly detection approaches to identify a malicious virtual machine or a Linux container. Our experimental results show a high detection rate.We then leverage an approach based on Moving Target Defense (MTD) theory to interrupt a cache-based side-channel attack between two Linux containers. MTD allows us to make the configuration of system more dynamic and consequently more harder to attack by an adversary, by using shuffling at different level of system and cloud. Our approach does not need to carrying modification neither into the guest OS or the hypervisor. Ex- perimental results show that our approach imposes very low performance overhead.


PM10, whose aerodynamic diameter is 10 microns or less, is one of the primary pollutants in the atmosphere. These particles, along with PM2.5 with an aerodynamic diameter of no more than 2.5 microns, do great harm to both the ambient environment and human health. Coal-fired power plants and industrial processes are important sources of PM10. Although devices such as wet scrubbers have achieved efficiencies higher than 95% on the basis of particle mass, their efficiency in PM10 capture is still not high enough. Acoustic agglomeration, in which a sound wave is used to promote particle agglomeration, is recognized as one of the main preconditioning techniques to separate the fine particles from the flue gas stream. Fine submicron particles are enlarged to big micron-sized ones, thus the particles can be removed by the existing dust removal devices. A new dynamical model of a single PM10 with a diameter of 0.1∼10 μm in an acoustic field is presented. The forces acting upon the PM10, as well as the velocities and displacements of the PM10, are obtained.


The genera Cyclosalpa de Blainville, 1827 and Helicosalpa Todaro, 1902 are revised on the basis of material from all three oceans. Two new species, Cyclosalpa foxtoni and Cyclosalpa ihlei are described, and four taxa, formerly described as varieties or subspecies, are raised to specific rank. The existence of morphological groups of species within the genus Cyclosalpa is discussed.


Serum Copper & Zinc concentrations were estimated in 95 patients suffering from rheumatoid arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis, tubercular arthritis and osteoarthritis. It was observed that estimation of serum copper and zinc do not provide clue to the diagnosis of any type of arthritis, however they are an indicator of the severity of the underlying inflammatory process. The role of zinc supplementation in addition to specific anti-arthritic therapy has also been emphasized.


Literature does not encourage gender inequalities. Inequalities among the poets generally decide the language of the literature. Generally, women are considered to be different types of the concept of men. These types of irrational thoughts still exist. Still men feel that it is inappropriate to talk about women's issues. If a woman declares her thoughts and feelings by herself, it's called as feminine. Men cannot withstand some of the pains which can be endured only by women. These pains should be revealed by woman in the writing form. Feminism can be classified into three types namely, 1) write against men, 2) woman should reveal her pain through the writing skills of men, and 3) to establish an own writing method with heart. Of all the three types, only third type can be effectively used by woman to ascertain her needs. There are only four literatures have taken for this article. The main objective of this article is to reveal the men's ideology about portraying women only on the basis of colour, shape and not to think beyond these two.


For decades, it has been a per se violation of U.S. antitrust law for manufacturers or distributors to specify retail selling prices. In the spirit of atomistic, unrestrained competition, retailers were free to set prices without undue interference from upstream channel participants. Attempts by manufacturers or other channel participants to restrict retail price setting initiatives were viewed by regulators as an unwarranted and illegal interference with the market mechanism. Restrictions on price setting initiatives would, it was argued, lessen competition and ultimately raise prices above competitive levels to the detriment of consumers. Recently, under the leadership of newly appointed Chief Justice Roberts, a more "business friendly" Supreme Court has reversed this policy; vertical price fixing is no longer a per se violation of U.S. antitrust law. By a five‐to‐four margin, the Court held in Leegin Creative Leather Products that manufacturers could, under certain circumstances, establish binding retail selling prices. Henceforth, retail price setting restrictions will be subject to a rule of reason evaluation whereby price restrictions will be assessed on a case‐by‐case basis. Proponents of the now‐legal restrictions argue that this will ensure that merchandise sold through retail outlets will receive needed support, free riding will be reduced or eliminated, and new brand introduction will be facilitated. Critics argue that the Court's decision marks a return to the days of fair trading; marginal firms will be protected, so‐called "inframarginal consumers" will be forced to pay for services they do not want or need, and prices for many branded products will rise, all to the detriment of consumer welfare.


ABSTRACT Background Even mild paravalvular leak (PVL) is associated with worse quality of life and increased mortality. The Ultra transcatheter heart valve (THV) is intentionally designed to reduce PVL. However, there are limited data comparing the degree of PVL between S3 and Ultra THVs. We compared the degree of PVL between the SAPIEN S3 Ultra (Ultra) and SAPIEN S3 (S3) THV. Methods Transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) patients who received an S3 or Ultra THV from September 1, 2017 to August 15, 2019 were identified. The THV oversizing percentage, the LVOT calcification and annular calcific nodularity were measured on a blinded re-review of pre-TAVR CTs. The degree of PVL was assessed on a blinded re-review of post-implantation echocardiograms. The demographics, pre-TAVR anatomic characteristics, and degree of PVL were compared between the S3 and Ultra groups using standard statistical methods. Results Thirty-two cases met the inclusion criteria for each group. There were no significant differences in baseline anatomic characteristics or in post-implant mean pressure gradient. There was a trend toward increased balloon post-dilations in the S3 group. There was no moderate or severe PVL in any case. There was significantly less mild PVL in the Ultra group compared to the S3 group (22% vs. 0%, P = 0.006). Conclusion The new generation Edwards SAPIEN S3 Ultra valve is associated with significantly less PVL with similar post-implant hemodynamics in comparison to the previous generation THV. Abbreviations TAVR: Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement; THV: Transcatheter Heart Valve; PVL: Paravalvular Leak; S3: Edwards SAPIEN S3 Transcatheter Heart Valve; Ultra: Edwards SAPIEN S3 Ultra Transcatheter Heart Valve; SHIRB: Sutter Health Institutional Review Board; CT: Computed Tomography; TTE: Transthoracic Echocardiogram; LVOT: Left Ventricular Outflow Tract; MPG: Mean Transaortic Pressure Gradient; Vmax: MaximumTransaortic Velocity; PET: Polyethylene Terephthalate


We undertook this study (1) to determine mean growth and relative growth rate of several different body parts of nestlings, including feathers, (2) to develop a method of determining their ages with a reasonable degree of accuracy, and (3) to find if any differences exist between the growth of nestling redwings raised in a marsh and those in upland habitat. Redwing eggs hatch asynchronously, with as much as 48 hours between hatching of the first and last eggs in a clutch. Consequently we also wanted to learn whether the growth rate of the nestlings depends on the hatching sequence, on the number of birds in the nest, or whether it is independent of these factors. Mean growth in weight of Red-winged Blackbird nestlings in marshes has been reported by Williams (1940) and Brenner (1964). Williams gave mean tarsal growth; both he and Nero (1961) showed methods of sexing redwing nestlings of known age. No one has given methods of determining age of nestling redwings.


In 2020 in our country, a new pandemic with high social impact is added to the growing incidence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2): COVID-19. In this context, it is necessary to obtain evidence as to whether the isolation measures to stop the spread of the virus brought about changes in the lifestyle and in the clinical-metabolic parameters of patients with DM2 treated at the Italian Hospital of the Autonomous City of Buenos Aires. Changes in lifestyle were evaluated using a questionnaire designed ad hoc. The clinical-metabolic parameters were obtained from the clinical history of each patient. Descriptive statistics were used for data analysis using IBM SPSS software. The sample consisted of 83 patients, with an average age of 64 ± 8 years and a prevalence of the male gender (69%). 52% perceived that the months of confinement did not affect their diet, indicating that they had continued with the same consumption of fruits, vegetables and snacks, fried or processed (53%, 54% and 45%, respectively). The majority (74%) mentioned doing less physical activity and 65% had presented at least one negative emotion. Body Mass Index (BMI), body weight, and HbA1c were significantly (p<0.05) higher after isolation. In the population studied, ASPO was associated with reduced physical activity, negative emotions, and increased BMI, body weight, and HbA1c.


Endometriosis is a common women's condition exhibiting a manifold visual appearance in various body-internal locations. Having such properties makes its identification very difficult and error-prone, at least for laymen and non-specialized medical practitioners. In an attempt to provide assistance to gynecologic physicians treating endometriosis, this demo paper describes a system that is trained to segment one frequently occurring visual appearance of endometriosis, namely dark endometrial implants. The system is capable of analyzing laparoscopic surgery videos, annotating identified implant regions with multi-colored overlays and displaying a detection summary for improved video browsing.


Abstract:Penelope Aubin's mixed-up representation of Japan and the Pacific in The Noble Slaves (1722) has long been considered as an indication of the author's insufficient geographical knowledge. In this essay, I reassess the East Asian setting of The Noble Slaves in the context of eighteenth-century geographical discourses. By examining Herman Moll's maps as possible source materials, I argue that Aubin's imaginative geography reflects not her personal ignorance but the limitations and uncertainties of contemporary cartographical knowledge about the North Pacific. Aubin uses the speculative nature of early Enlightenment geographical discourses for a narrative experiment and reimagining of East Asia. Aubin's unique representation of East Asian cultures, such as Japanese Christian "Indians" and the ancient pagan temple, hinges on the emotions of wonder and curiosity, which can be read as a criticism of Robinson Crusoe's hostile attitude toward the Far East in Daniel Defoe's The Farther Adventures of Robinson Crusoe (1719). This essay ultimately situates Aubin as a significant participant in early eighteenth-century knowledge production about the world.


Rumor is a kind of complex social phenomenon. With the help of the Internet, rumors spread faster and have a wider range of influence. However, the definition of rumor varies, and it is only suitable for specific social environment and practical application, which is not accepted by academic circles. To meet the needs of academic research, it is urgent to define the connotation of rumors and give a standardized and unified definition. Firstly, this paper collects and sorts out some concepts of rumor and definition of Internet rumors, analyzes and sorts out the key elements among them, and constructs a rumor keyword database. Secondly, it summarizes the overall characteristics of rumors and puts forward an adaptive definition of rumors, which lays a foundation for the academic research of rumors.


Abstract The scapegoat is the focus of projections. It may be an individual or a group, an obvious misfit or a concealed one, a temporary phenomenon or a permanent lifestyle (adopted willingly or unwillingly). The scapegoat makes it possible for man to live at peace with God, himself or his society by acting as symbolic recipient of qualities which man is unwilling to recognise in himself. The scapegoater by his treatment tries to reduce the scapegoat into something not human; for this reason a scapegoat which shows only small divergences from the norm evokes particular hostility. The individual scapegoat in a small group may accept his role fairly happily, but group scapegoats find few compensations. A variety of defence mechanisms will be adopted in these circumstances, but generally mature adjustment is impossible. The scientific and artistic achievements of scapegoats in the past have helped to liberalise society and extend the range of our compassion. So perhaps a society without scapegoats would los...


7189 Background: Symptomatic bone metastases (mets) from bronchogenic cancer occur in >1/3 of late-stage NSCLC patients, and 2% present first with bone mets. They cause pain, hypercalcemia, nerve compression syndromes, and are associated with poor prognosis. Bisphosphonates reduce symptomatic bone met progression, and prevent/slow asymptomatic bone met growth, suggesting prophylactic use in earlier stages. Therefore, early detection of bone mets is vital to target patients who may benefit.

AIM
To review positron emission tomography (PET) and radionuclide bone scan data for detecting aymptomatic bone mets from lung cancer.

METHODS
Literature review of PET and bone scan studies.

RESULTS
7-study meta-analysis (Toloza, Chest 2003) comparing clinical assessment to bone scans (n= 633, varied-stage NSCLC and SCLC, 20% with bone mets). Pooled sensitivity for clinical assessment, 0.87 (95% CI, .79-.93). 13% of pts with positive scans were asymptomatic (2.6% of total n). Histologic confirmation not always achieved; false-positive scans common. False-negative scans also occur (ie, 6% of initially negative scans developed bone mets by 1 yr). PET vs bone scan: Study 1 (Bury, Eur J Nucl Med 1998): n=110 NSCLC (43 stage IV). Mets confirmed by biopsy or radiography (n=21; stage IV, 49%). PET/ bone scan sensitivity, .9 ea; specificity, .98/.61; accuracy, 96/66%. Study 2 (Hsia, Neoplasia 2002): n=48 stage IV NSCLC. PET/ bone scan sensitivity, 93.4/93.5%; accuracy, 92.5/72.5%. Study 3 (Gayed, Mol Imaging Biol 2003): retrospective n= 85. PET/ bone scan sensitivity, .73/.81; specificity, .88/.78. Study 4 (MacManus, Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2001): n=167, stage I/II/III, 39/28/100. PET detected new bone mets in 6% of pre-PET stage III (but no stageI/II). Thorax/upper abdomen PET imaging was used, so asymptomatic bone met (commonly, spine, pelvis, sternum, ribs, skull) incidence may be underestimated.

CONCLUSIONS
Bone mets are common in lung cancer. PET is the most accurate means for detecting asymptomatic bone mets. Bone scans are sensitive but have poor specificity. PET detected bone mets in 6% with pre-PET stage III NSCLC. [Table: see text].


SUMMARY The development of cellular infiltration in skin allografts was studied in mice by isolating the cells enzymatically. Lymphocytes, macrophage-like cells, neutrophils, reticular cells, "basophilic cells," and mast cells were found. The absolute numbers of various cell types infiltrating a standard skin graft were counted 4, 6, 8, and 10 days after grafting. As controls, cells infiltrating 8-day-old isografts and those present in normal donor skin samples of similar size were isolated. A striking increase in the number of infiltrating cells, predominantly lymphocytes, was found between the 4th and 6th days after grafting. Infiltrating cells from an 8-day-old allograft resembled those from a corresponding isograft, but they were much more numerous in the former.


As the emphasis on critical dimension (CD) control in sub-micron lithography becomes more important, the mechanism of the development process and the different contributing factors will need to be further explored by equipment manufacturers. It was observed that the use of reticles with smaller exposed area ratio (EAR) have different affects on CD uniformity. To gain better control of CDs, we examined several of the contributing factors in the development process. Some significant factors are the affects of EAR and the affects of the rapid concentration changes of tetrametylammonium hydroxide (TMAH) surrounding the resist patterns that appears to slow the reaction rates of the developer. Using several chemically amplified resists (positive) and reticles with varying EAR, we determined that there are two phases (First Term & Second Term) of the development process. Within each term, there are significantly important processes taking place in and around the resist patterns. In the First Term, the importance is on proper amount of equally distributed developer on the wafer surrounding the resist patterns. In the Second Term, there is a rapid change to CD's meaning a greater possibility of control. Once determining the two terms of the development process, different concentrations of TMAH were experimented with to examine the mechanism of the resist dissolution movement. After observing the movement on the surface of the wafer, we believe that the resist dissolution moves within the puddle of the developer impeding the reaction rate for proper CD formation. By controlling the impeding affects of the dissolved resist in the Second Term, we believe that CD uniformity can be greatly improved.


: The present paper briefly introduces information about proposals received and funded, statistics and analysis of evaluation of peer review, and supporting strategies and reforms in program reviewing and administration in the Division of Botany at the Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) in 2005. A list of general programs and the abstract of key programs funded by this Division in 2005 are also provided.

(Managing editor: Wei WANG)


OBJECTIVE To develop an UV spectrophotometry method for determination of Trometamol in solutions which contained several pH regulators.METHODS Trometamol copper,produced by the reaction of Trometamol and cupric hydroxide,had absorption in visible light,so it could be determined to know the concentration of Trometamol indirectly.RESULTS The Trometamol was linear within the range of 3~7mg·mL-1(r=0.9999),and the average recovery(n=6) was 99.97%,with the RSD of 0.35%.CONCLUSION The method is simple,rapid,reproducible,and accurate.It may be used for the quantitative determination of Trometamol in solutions which contained several pH regulators.


In this paper, in order to get the target microbe which has high cellulose bio-degradation ability, we collected soil samples from environment rich in cellulose. Carboxymethyl cellulose sodium gel plate and filter paper plate were used for microbe screening, and finally we got a strain named MI which has the highest cellulase producing ability, and it has been identified as Penicilium oxalicum by morphological and molecular biological identification. We have studied cellulose degradation ability of this strain under different conditions such as pH value, temperature and inoculating time. The results showed that CMCase which belongs to acid enzyme, could achieve its maximum enzyme activity 489.96U/ml when the optimal pH value was 4. The FPAase could achieve its maximum enzyme activity 1, 595.45U/ml when the optimal pH value was 4, too. The optimal ferment temperature of CMCase is 50℃ when achieved the maximum of enzyme activity at the second day, whereas the FPAase could reach its tip top on the third day, So the optimal ferment temperature of FPAase is also 50℃.


The RuH2(CO)(PPh3)3-catalyzed reaction of 2-amino-6-methylacetophenone with phenylboronic acid 2,2-dimethyl-1,3-propanediol ester in refluxing toluene gave the corresponding phenylation product in 83% yield via aryl carbon−nitrogen bond cleavage. This reaction involves two notable features:  (1) the coupling proceeds via the oxidative addition of an aryl carbon−nitrogen bond in anilines to the ruthenium complex, and (2) C−C bond formation takes place via transmetalation between the Ru−NR2 species and organoboronates.


Early detection of cancer or any disease is among the main keys to its cure. One of the state of the art methods in cancer detection is machine learning, namely ANNs (Artificial Neural Networks). ANNs have proved to be efficient due to their ability to learn and generalize from data. This paper proposes a low-complexity architecture of an ANN that classifies breast cancer as either Benign or Malignant through pattern recognition. It focuses on finding the optimal activation function that minimizes the classification error with less number of blocks. This results in reduction of the complexity of the implementation with CMOS technology.


The localized polishing of sample surfaces using an in-situ low energy Ar ion source in the chamber of an SEM or a DualBeam system [1] has been demonstrated to be a valuable tool for TEM lamella cleaning [2]. However, its application in bulk local surface modification also has great potential where removal of hydrocarbon contamination from the sample exterior is required, or for samples that oxidize so quickly that external ion cleaning is not suitable.


Background:  DNA polymerase ɛ (Pol ɛ) of Saccharomyces cerevisiae participates in many aspects of DNA replication, as well as in DNA repair. In order to clarify molecular mechanisms employed in the multiple tasks of Pol ɛ, we have been characterizing the interaction between Pol ɛ and DNA.


The transport of a spatially periodic system driven by additive and multiplicative Gaussian white noises (between which there is a correlation function) is investigated. The probability current (flux) shows .that the correlation function between the additive and multiplicative noises, and the spatial asymmetry are ingredients for the flux of particles. It is a new phenomenon that the correlation function between the additive and multiplicative noises can cause transport.