The reactions of trimethyland triethylaluminium with 2-hydroxybenzyl alcohol and 2-hydroxyphenethyl alcohol as the bidentate ligands have been studied. The reactions at AlR3:diol molar ratio of 3:2 proceeded with the formation of cyclic complexes 2, 3 and 4 demonstrated trans and cis ligand geometry and organoaluminium oligomers which are amorphous solids insoluble in common organic solvents. In the case of the reaction of 2-hydroxybenzyl alcohol with trimethylaluminium the reaction course, products and yield depend on the solvent. In diethyl ether one isomer 2-trans was obtained exclusively. In toluene the reaction proceeds giving two isomers 2-trans and 2-cis. It appears from our previous studies [1-5] that trimethyland triethylaluminium react with 1,4-butanedioI and 1,3-pentanediol derivatives in a molar ratio A1R3: diol = 3:2 or higher to form complexes of structure 1 and organoaluminium oligomeric products. The distance between the reacting hydroxyl groups of the diol is the factor decisive of the yield of complexes 1. cis-l,4-But-2-ene-diol derivatives form type 1 complexes in high yield, since the cisstructure of the diols facilitates the approach of the OH groups and formation of two A10CC=CC0 rings [1-3]. In the case of sterically hindered aliphatic diols the substituents have a decisive influence on the rotation around the C-C bonds causing steric hindrances and preventing proper location of hydroxy! groups or situating them close to each other [5], The complexes of a similar structure 1, where R = Me, Et, i-Bu, obtained in the reaction of trialkylaluminium with N,N'-bis(ohydroxybenzyl)-diamines were reported by Atwood et al. [6,7], In the present work the reactions of trialkylaluminium with 2hydroxybenzyl alcohol and 2-hydroxyphenethyl alcohol as the bidentate ligands have been studied. Each alcohol possesses two hydroxyl groups differing in electron density on the oxygen atom: the OH group of an aliphatic alcohol and of a phenolic OH group. Results The reactions of 2-hydroxybenzyl alcohol and 2-hydroxyphenethyl alcohol with trimethyland triethylaluminium at a A1R3: diol molar ratio of 3:2 proceeded with the formation of cyclic products 2, 3, 4 and organoaluminium oligomers which are amorphous solids insoluble in common organic solvents. 2-Hydroxybenzyl alcohol reacted with trimethylaluminium in diethyl ether to form one cyclic isomer 2trans in 5% yield (eq. 1). The product 2-trans, volatile amorphous solid soluble in common organic solvents, isolated from the post-reaction mixture by sublimation (T = 140 °C, ρ = 10 3 Torr) exhibited a trans ligand geometry. This is the first example of the reaction of trialkylaluminium with unsymetrical diols, in which one isomer is formed exclusively. It was previously found that cis-2-[methylbis(trimethylsiloxy)silyl]but-2-ene-l,4-diol, 1,3-butanediol and 2-methyl-2,4-pentanediol reacted with trialkylaluminium yielding an equimolar mixture of isomers [2,4,5], The structure of complex 2-trans was determined by spectroscopic methods, elemental analysis and molecular weight measurements. The Ή NMR spectrum of 2-trans revealed two doublets of C H 2 0 protons and three singlets of the protons of methyl groups bonded to aluminium (see Experimental). The integration ratio of three singlets assigned to the protons of methyl groups was 2:2:1. The first two of these signals were assigned to four methyl groups bonded to two four-coordinated aluminium atoms and the signal at -0.62 ppm corresponded to one methyl group bonded to the central five-coordinated aluminium atom. Introduction


A platform for comparing trans-omics datasets between IBD mouse models and human patients reveals therapeutically relevant targets. Found in translation An ongoing challenge for the development of new therapeutics is the difficulty in translating findings from preclinical animal models to human subjects, more so when different types of data (proteomics versus transcriptomics) are compared. Brubaker et al. developed a method to project transcriptomic data from patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) into a principal components analysis of mouse proteomics data to investigate resistance to the anti-TNF antibody infliximab. This analysis, which suggested that integrin signaling contributed to resistance, was validated in experiments, showing that inhibiting α1 integrin subunit signaling enhanced the ability of infliximab to suppress proinflammatory cytokine release from immune cells. These data suggest that this approach for comparing model system and patient data might reveal therapeutically relevant targets for other diseases. Anti–tumor necrosis factor (anti-TNF) therapy resistance is a major clinical challenge in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), due, in part, to insufficient understanding of disease-site, protein-level mechanisms. Although proteomics data from IBD mouse models exist, data and phenotype discrepancies contribute to confounding translation from preclinical animal models of disease to clinical cohorts. We developed an approach called translatable components regression (TransComp-R) to overcome interspecies and trans-omic discrepancies between mouse models and human subjects. TransComp-R combines mouse proteomic data with patient pretreatment transcriptomic data to identify molecular features discernable in the mouse data that are predictive of patient response to therapy. Interrogating the TransComp-R models revealed activated integrin pathway signaling in patients with anti–TNF-resistant colonic Crohn's disease (cCD) and ulcerative colitis (UC). As a step toward validation, we performed single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) on biopsies from a patient with cCD and analyzed publicly available immune cell proteomics data to characterize the immune and intestinal cell types contributing to anti-TNF resistance. We found that ITGA1 was expressed in T cells and that interactions between these cells and intestinal cell types were associated with resistance to anti-TNF therapy. We experimentally showed that the α1 integrin subunit mediated the effectiveness of anti-TNF therapy in human immune cells. Thus, TransComp-R identified an integrin signaling mechanism with potential therapeutic implications for overcoming anti-TNF therapy resistance. We suggest that TransComp-R is a generalizable framework for addressing species, molecular, and phenotypic discrepancies between model systems and patients to translationally deliver relevant biological insights.


This article examines the political ideas of Pierre-André Taguieff, one of France's leading republican intellectuals. Taguieff has had a distinguished academic career as a historian of ideas, philosopher, and political analyst. Author of more than twenty books, he is frequently interviewed, and widely quoted, in the media. He has written important works on topics such as racism and antiracism, antisemitism, populism, the idea of progress, the integration of ethnic minorities, and the continuing validity of the republican model of the nation-state. Thematically, his work has shown strong elements of continuity, but there has been organic development as Taguieff has brought related topics into play to elaborate or move beyond those he has examined previously. The main axis of his writing is analytical. He traces the history of political concepts and explores their contemporary variants. However, because his work also bears the stamp of his ideological commitments, Taguieff engages with current controversies and proposes remedies to the political problems that he examines, although he does this more often in terms of general principles than of specific policy proposals. The article has two parts. The first of these outlines the overall shape and intellectual style of Taguieff's work. The second part takes a more critical approach, arguing that Taguieff's increasingly defensive positions on a range of domestic and international issues—coupled with a tendency to take refuge in polemics against the political correctness and intellectual conformism of the age—threaten to swamp the more open, constructive, and innovative dimensions of his political thought.


Staphylococcus aureus is recognized worldwide as a pathogen causing many serious diseases in humans and animals, and is one of the most important etiological agents of clinical and subclinical bovine mastitis. The aim of the present study was to investigate and correlate properties, that may be associated with persistent mastitis, of S. aureus strains isolated from milk of cows suffering from mastitis: (i) expression of capsular antigens (CP5 or CP8) by specific ELISA; (ii) intracellular survival by invasion of MAC-T cells; and (iii) biofilm production by spectrophotometry analysis after growth in TSBglc. The results showed that (i) the proportion of strains expressing capsular antigen was higher in cap8than in cap5-positive isolates; (ii) a correlation was observed between the capsular profile and the intracellular survival as well as the biofilm production; and (iii) the capsular profile, biofilm production and intracellular survival were associated with only two agr-groups. Statistical and clustering analysis allowed us to establish different profiles that could be associated with in vivo persistence. Indeed, isolates belonging to agr group II, expressing the capsular antigen CP8 and showing low intracellular survival are probably better adapted to an extracellular niche. Conversely, isolates belonging to agr group I that do not express any capsular antigen (CP5 or CP8) but show high intracellular survival are probably better adapted to an intracellular niche. 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. Corresponding author. Tel.: +32 4 366 95 22; fax: +32 4 366 42 61. E-mail addresses: firstname.lastname@example.com, firstname.lastname@example.com


We present a four-stage differential amplifier using coupled inductors in a T-coil configuration to match the capacitive load to the driving transistor. The chip was fabricated in a 90 nm CMOS technology and achieves a bandwidth of 23 GHz with a differential gain of 18 dB at 1.2 V supply voltage. At 10 V supply voltage, the circuit displays a bandwidth of 23 GHz with 15 dB gain at 54 mW dissipated power.


An experimental study on the flow around the flapping wing of an insect hovering in flight is carried out in order to obtain basic design parameters for an insect-based MAV. A pair of 4-bar linkages operated with small phase differences were designed to imitate the insect flapping motion and assembled on the insect-based model with a pitch actuator. The wing planform was based on the wing of a fruit fly, Drosophila melanogaster, which has been reported in numerous studies. The aerodynamic forces were measured by using tandem straingages and DAQ-system, and the flow structure was observed through the dye flow visualization to investigate the effect of the Reynolds number, which was considered for the range of the MAV flight, and the timing of the wing rotation. Mean lift coefficients increase with the Reynolds numbers; however, additional lift was generated as the unsteady effect, called 'wake-capturing', faded as it increased. Generated downwash became stronger as the Reynolds number increased, and the wake does not affect the wing surface directly. Such results indicate that the effect of the wake appeared at the high Reynolds number, and the additional lift produced by the wake is difficult to apply to insect-based MAVs.


A reaction vessel a metal raw material is supplied to generate plasma between the metal source in the reaction vessel, and a plasma torch for generating a metal vapor evaporated metal material, a carrier gas for transporting the metal vapor a carrier gas supply unit for supplying to the reaction vessel, a plasma device comprising a cooling tube of the metal vapor to be transferred from the reaction vessel by the carrier gas is cooled to produce a metal powder, a cooling tube, a carrier from the reaction vessel and indirect cooling compartment indirectly cool the metal vapor and / or metal powder is transported by the gas, following the indirect cooling compartment, and a direct cooling section that directly cool the metal vapor and / or metal powder, indirect at least a portion of the inner wall of the cooling compartment, protrusions and / or recesses are provided.


We establish some fixed point theorems in convex metric spaces for (k,L)-Lipschitzian mappings. Our results generalize and extend corresponding results in the existing literature.


Censored Production Rule is an extension of standard production rule, which is concerned with problems of reasoning with incomplete information, subject to resource constraints and problem of reasoning efficiently with exceptions. A CPR has a form: IF A (Condition) THEN B (Action) UNLESS C (Censor), Where C is the exception condition. Fuzzy CPR are obtained by augmenting ordinary fuzzy production rule "If X is A then Y is B with an exception condition and are written in the form "If X is A then Y is B Unless Z is C. Such rules are employed in situation in which the fuzzy conditional statement "If X is A then Y is B" holds frequently and the exception condition "Z is C" holds rarely. Thus "If X is A then Y is B" part of the fuzzy CPR express important information while the unless part acts only as a switch that changes the polarity of "Y is B" to "Y is not B" when the assertion "Z is C" holds. The proposed approach is an attempt to discover fuzzy censored production rules from set of discovered fuzzy if then rules in the form: A(X) ⇒ B(Y) || C(Z). Keywords—Uncertainty Quantification, Fuzzy if then rules, Fuzzy Censored Production Rules, Learning algorithm.


This paper reviews research on how new forms of transportation and information and communication technology (ICT) facilitate changes in daily individual activity patterns and, as a result, the social ecologies of urban environments. Prior attempts to map and describe the space–time social ecologies of place are based on activity diaries for representative samples of urban residents. Geo-referencing information and location technologies embedded within ICT are seen as increasingly central to transformations in urban social ecologies, affording new forms of human activity behavior. Incorporation of geo-enabled ICT provides a research agenda for geographical information science (GIS) to develop concepts and tools for documenting and mapping indicators of the ongoing reorganization in the space–time social ecologies of cities and regions for purposes of exploratory research, diagnostic use, and policy evaluation.


Friction Stir Welding (FSW) is a relatively new technology that was developed at The Welding Institute (TWI) in 1991. It is a solid phase process that operates at temperatures below the melting point of the materials being joined. All aluminium alloys can be welded, including some that cannot be joined by conventional fusion techniques such as Tungsten Inert Gas (TIG). Compared to fusion welding, the relatively low temperatures involved in FSW reduce thermal stresses and distortion. There is substantial potential for employing FSW during the fabrication of various components within the aerospace, shipbuilding, and automotive industries. As these welds may experience diverse aggressive environments, it is crucial to understand the degradation characteristics. This paper looks at some of the key technological issues relevant to the joining of li»ht alloys.


THE WOMEN ACTRESSES WHO TROLL TANCI ARE SPECIAL ACTOR COLONY.THE WRITER TRIES TO UNCOVER THE CHARACTER- ISTICS OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE WOMEN ACTOR TROLLING TANCI ,MAKING USE OF THE LANDSCAPE AND PORTRAIT METHOD,THROUGH THE PLAY ENVIRONMENT 、THE POSITION 、TRANSFERENCE OF THE PLAYING CENTER AND THE AUDIENCES.


A ground level enhancement event occurred on 10–11 September 2017, associated with an X8.2 solar flare on the western limb of the Sun. We report the results of our manually conducted nowcast using WArning System for AVIation Exposure to Solar energetic particles. The maximum radiation dose rate at a flight altitude of 12 km was estimated to be approximately 3 μSv/h, which is less than half of the dose rate due to galactic cosmic rays. We also discuss a possible quasi‐parallel shock‐acceleration mechanism that may have led to the exceptionally soft proton energy spectrum as ground level enhancement events.


The present invention is an aspect ratio A: B (where, A is a fiber cross-section major axis length, B is a fiber cross-section and shortening Im) is about 2: 1 to about 5: has a cross-section 1 is substantially oval, the polymeric surfactant the long axis and substantially vertical, and the cross-sectional shape is side-by-side and eccentric sheath-is selected from the group consisting of core, at 10% elongation and nasal also about 1.1 cN / dtex to about 3.5 cN / dtex, is also holding the free fiber length about 40% to about 85%, and the bicomponent staple fiber, and a bicomponent staple fiber containing a tow crimp generation value is about 30 to 55%, poly (ethylene terephthalate) and poly (trimethylene terephthalate) It provides a spun yarn comprising a. The bicomponent staple fibers, poly (ethylene terephthalate), poly (trimethylene terephthalate) yarn, cotton


This is an engaging, informative, and insightful collection of chapters and commentary that examines concepts and issues often characterized simplistically as parts of an irreconcilable dichotomy. Generalizing From Educational Research moves through and beyond the restrictive nomenclature of "qualitative" versus "quantitative." In various chapters, the authors look carefully at the philosophical bases on which concepts and procedures of so-called quantitative and qualitative research are constructed and through such analyses provide some very different views of what generalizing might mean and how it might be accomplished. The chapters vary widely in approach, style, and perspective but nevertheless fit together to provide a coherent and fascinating tour of how so-called quantitative and qualitative approach to inquiry may not be as distinct and nonoverlapping as they seem. The authors' expositions and editors' helpful commentary show how generalizing, generalizations, and other forms of inference construction can be productively reframed through perspectives different from the methodological cannons that gave rise to the reification of this qualitative versus quantitative distinction. Particularly commendable is the authors' very balanced treatment of


The paper offers a general symbolic method to study the motion in a non-inertial reference frame. In order to achieve this, we use the algebraic and geometric properties of the Lie group of special orthogonal tensors, SO3, and the Lie group of the rigid body displacements, SE3. We obtain a simplified form of the initial value problem that models the non-inertial motion using a tensor instrument introduced in this paper. Thus, the study of the motion in a non-inertial reference frame is transferred into the study of a classical motion in an inertial reference frame. The applications of this method refer to solving the relative motion problem and deriving the straightforward solution to classical theoretical mechanics problems. The motion in a uniform gravitational force field in a rotating reference frame, the motion of a charged particle in non-stationary electric and magnetic fields, the exact solution of the relative rigid body motion in the non-inertial reference frame are studied. Using this symbolic method in studying the motion in a non-inertial reference frame reduces the number of computations. In addition, it offers, in some essential particular cases, exact closed-form coordinate-free analytical solutions.


Errors that occur during linkage of individual-level data from different sources can lead to substantial bias in analyses of linked data. This thesis aims to develop methods for handling linkage error, and to evaluate these methods in the context of using linked administrative data to support randomised controlled trials. Firstly, the thesis describes the process required for linkage of national data on paediatric intensive care unit (PICU) admissions and bloodstream infection (BSI) surveillance (PICANet and LabBase2). I illustrate the complex steps required, from understanding the structure of the data to calculation of probabilistic match weights and evaluation of linkage quality. This provides a generalisable guide for linkage of administrative data in other contexts. Secondly, the thesis develops methods for handling uncertainty in linkage by extending the multiple imputation framework to the context of data linkage, using prior-informed imputation (PII). Comparison of results from traditional probabilistic linkage, standard multiple imputation and PII showed that PII minimised the bias associated with linkage of incomplete identifiers in PICANet and LabBase2. Finally, linked PICANet-LabBase2 data are used to assess the generalisability of results from a trial of standard versus impregnated central venous catheters (CVCs) in PICU. Trial results are not yet available. However assuming a relative risk of 0.06-0.44 for BSI using impregnated CVCs (based on a meta-analysis in adults), an estimated 163-311 BSI could be avoided in 2014 by using impregnated CVCs for all children in PICU. This thesis highlights the need to assess the impact of linkage error on results and demonstrates the importance of using alternative statistical methods such as PII for handling linkage error within analysis. This work addresses the challenges of exploiting administrative data for research and illustrates the value of linking these data to answer research questions that would otherwise not have been possible.


We consider the question of how to assess generative adversarial networks, in particular with respect to whether or not they generalise beyond memorising the training data. We propose a simple procedure for assessing generative adversarial network performance based on a principled consideration of what the actual goal of generalisation is. Our approach involves using a test set to estimate the Wasserstein distance between the generative distribution produced by our procedure, and the underlying data distribution. We use this procedure to assess the performance of several modern generative adversarial network architectures. We find that this procedure is sensitive to the choice of ground metric on the underlying data space, and suggest a choice of ground metric that substantially improves performance. We finally suggest that attending to the ground metric used in Wasserstein generative adversarial network training may be fruitful, and outline a concrete pathway towards doing so.


Hydrogen is regarded as a potential future energy carrier. It is produced by water electrolysis. The power required is supplied by photovoltaic array. The hydrogen has been produced by using the hydrogen generator typed solid polymer electrolyte with photovoltaic module rated 2.4V, 32A. We have designed and constructed the experimental system that photovoltaic module coupled with hydrogen generator directly, and measured and analyzed the basic characteristics, i.e. production of hydrogen, I-V characteristics and cell temperature for photovoltaic module and hydrogen generator. It was found that the variation of cell temperature and irradiance influenced on production of hydrogen. Then the optimum design method of solar hydrogen energy system has been developed from the hydrogen production cost point of view. In this method, the design point is decided by the irradiance intensity when the system is operating under rating capacities. As a result from the basic data of experimental system, the optimum design point of solar hydrogen energy system depends on the ratio of photovoltaic array cost to hydrogen generator cost in system.


One of the key steps in interpreting a biblical text is to identify its literary genre correctly. It is important for Bible translators to ensure that the translated text takes account of the genre of the source text and that an appropriate genre from the receptor culture is employed. The book of Ruth is generally recognized as a story. Yet, the translation of Ruth 1.1 into three Akan dialects—Asante, Akuapem, and Fante—does not introduce what follows in the book as a story and so Akan readers may not correctly interpret Ruth as a story. It is against this backdrop that this paper examines storytelling elements in the book of Ruth through a discourse analysis and then offers an alternative Akan translation of Ruth 1.1 that will lead to an improved interpretation and appropriate application of the message of the book.


In this research, a sample of machine shop safety automation was designed in order to prevent occupational accidents taking place in machine shop environments. The developed prototype system is a special occupational safety system with PLC and HMI controls. The prototype system checks spindle speed, machine safety covers and machine collision safety. The system is also used for determining the parameters of environment lightening and temperature. The developed system was tested in conjunction with use of the area and machines by students of Namik Kemal University Corlu Engineering Faculty Machinery Laboratory. In the experimental studies which were done, it was determined that the developed system worked successfully provided that the students did not work above determined spindle speed values. The system functions to prevent damage or injury which may occur as a result of the collisions in machines as well as ceasing the operations when the system is utilized without the safety and protection covers.


On a daily basis your body is exposed to millions of different microorganisms, while a majority of them are not harmful to us, there are those that do cause illness. While it is undeniable that we come into contact with these harmful microorganisms in our life, our body has a very unique and complex way of trying to protect us from them. It is the strength and ability of our body to fight off these potentially dangerous organisms that determines whether or not we get sick from them. The name of this defense system in our body is called the immune system, which is a network of cells, tissues, and organs that work together to protect the body (Durani). The resulting actions of this network when exposed to these infectious germs is better known as the immune response. This response is often broken into two different sections, the innate response, and the adaptive response; while it is to note that these two responses are different, it is important to keep in mind they work together often simultaneously in order to fight off the intruder.


Corn stalk and palm fiber are potential non-wood material as a raw material in the manufacture of particleboards. The purpose of this study was to analyze the corn stalk and palm fiber ratio to the physical, mechanical, and durability properties of particleboard. In this study, corn stalk and palm fiber were made into particles with a length of 7 cm respectively. Isocyanate adhesive content used in board manufacturing was 10% with a solid content of 97%. The process of making boards using a hot press machine was set at a temperature of 160°C, the pressure of 30 kg/cm2 for 5 minutes. The result showed that the higher proportion of palm fiber to decrease in the thickness swelling value indicates an improvement in the dimensional stability value even though it has not yet met the standards. The mechanical parameters of the board showed a tendency to decrease with the increasing composition of the palm fiber. The durability test of particleboard showed that the board given the palm fibers were more resistant to termite attack.


We report a case of malignant fibrous histiocytoma (MFH) on a digit. A 60-year old man had a rapidly growing, red tumor on his right index finger. Histopathological and immunohistochemical findings revealed that it was MFH and the finger was amputated.


Subrmicron heteroepitaxial GaAs and GaN films were grown by both conventional MOCVD and «capillary epitaxy» technique on (001) and (111) fianit (YSZ)substrates. A preliminary annealing of the substrates under vakuum was made in order to stabilize the surface by removing of some amount of oxygen. Conditions of single crystalline growth of GaAs submicron films (50–500nm) have been determined. The films had mirror-like surface morphology and high structural perfection. The distribution of Zr, O, Y across the film-substrate interface was sharp and doping impurities contents were uniform over the film. PL spectra of undoped GaN films on YSZ were studied.


Embryonary development in higher plants is characterized by the stablishment of meristems that give rise to an axis shooVroot after seed germination. These meristematic activities consist of cell divisions producing new meristematic undifferentiated cells and cells that differentiate to form the vegetative organs. Soon shoots form leaves and the body of the plant is constructed by repetition of units named phytomers. During the vegetative phase of growth all the plant cells are diploidand gametes are not produced (sporophyte generation). External facfors such as temperature and photoperiod are necessary to modulate the expression of a set of genes that finally will lead to the production of reproductive organs and gametes characteristic of the gametophyte generation. To be able to understand and to control whether or not a plant will ffower and even to decide which characters will display the floral organs is a common aim of developmental biologists and plant breeders. New strategies to understand floral morphogenesis based on the molecular genetic analysis of floral homeotic mutants have been developed2. Since then, many homeotic genes controlling processes such as meristem identity, floral organ identity and genes that regulate the spatial expression of these ones have been isolated from different plant systems. Most of them belong to the MADS-box gene family and code for transcription factors which show homology to others described in yeast and humans.The most complete analysis carried out deals with flower organogenesis in A. Ihaliana and has lead to the so called ABC model'. With a toolkit of A, B, and C loss-offunction mutations and Band C gain-of-function transgenic lines it is possible to decide the identity of the organ that will be form at any of the flower whorls. The question that remains open is whether or not this knowledge, obtained in the planl model systems, A. thaliana and A. majus is sufficient to explain flower development in other plants. The pea plant (Pisum sativum L.). is a classic experimental system for plant genetics, biochemistry and physiology. Many homeotic mutants are available. We have carried out extensive scanning electron microscopy studies of the ontogeny of the wildtype pea flower with the aim to select morphological markers that can be used to better characterise the alterations in flower morphogenesis in different homeotic mutants. This has allowed us to establish similarities and differences between the genetic control of flower morphogenesis in pea with respect to the model systems. Plant material: We have used as wildtype cultivar Alaska n7 of pea. We selected four mutants: (rondosus (brae)'; n192'; stamina pistilloida (SIp)' and petalosus (pe)' with phenotypes remembering the typical A, B, and C classes of mutations. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM): Samples were fixed in ethanol: acetic acid: formaldehyde: water, 50:10:3,5:26,5 v/v/vlv, immediately after collection. They were vacuum infiltrated for 15 min, transferred to fresh fixing solution for 4h and stored in 70% ethanol at 4°C. Samples were maintained for 1 h in absolute ethanol, mounted on stubs covered with activated charcoal and then were dried at critical point with C02 in an Autosamdri-84 Tousimis equipment. After that, the stubs and samples were covered with a shadow of gold-palladium particles (200 nm) in a Sputter Coater SC500 (Biorad). The micrographs were obtained with an Agfapan Apx25/120 (Agfa) film at a scanning speed of 200 s / image in an electron scanning microscope Hitachi S-2500 working at 15 KV and equipped with a Robinson retrodispersion detector. Morphological description and ontogeny 01 the pea lIower: The pea flower has five sepals, five petals, ten stamens and one carpel organised in four whorls ( Fig. 1A, B, C). The sepals are fused at their bases forming a short tube. The corolla, also pentamerous, contains three types of petals, the standard or vex ilium is the largest one and is situated at the adaxial position of the flower. two lateral petals, the alae or the wings, and two short petals, accreted, that form the keel at the abaxial position. Nine stamens are joined in a staminal tube around the carpel, and the tenth one at the adaxial position is free. The carpel is joined adaxially with one line of ovules on each side of the suture. The carpel grows out to a pod. Extensive SEM observations allowed us to select morphological markers corresponding to eight different steps during the ontogeny of the pea flower. These are, 1. Differentiation of secondary inflorescent meristem, 2. Differentiation of floral meristem, 3. Abaxial sepal appears, 4. Common primordia to petals and stamens appear,S. Differentiation of primordia of petals and stamens, 6. Sepals cover the floral bud, 7. Formation of locules in anthers and 8. Inflection of the carpel. These markers resulted to be very useful to characterise flower initiation in both wildtype and homeotic mutants. In the pea flower, after the initiation of the sepals, four common primordia are formed that delimit a central zone of the flower that differentiate the carpel primordium. Finally, after growing, the four common primordia will differentiate the petal and stamen primordiau. Fig. 1 D shows a diagram of the ontogeny of the pea flower. The ontogeny of the pea flower is drastically different from the one of A. thaliana and A. majus flowers. In these model systems the initiation of the primordia of the floral organs is a centripetal and sequential process. That is first the sepal primordia are formed, then they appear the primordia that will form petals and immediately the stamen primordia arise, Finally, the residual central part of the floral meristem forms the carpel primordium. Ontogeny 01 pea lIoral homeotic mutants: The flowers of (rondosus (Fig.1G), develop at their base a bract, an extra organ of foliar morphology. Sepals are also abnormal, appearing as a single organ with morphological similarities to the extra bract. The petals show alterations such as a reduction in number, fusions and green sectors. Often the flowers show intermediate characters between flower and inflorescence as it happens in the leafy mutant of A. thaliana that also forms bracts although frondosusflowers do not show carpelloidy. Frondosus, also shares phenotypic aspects with ape/ala 1, a class A mutation, therefore it could be implicated in both the suppression of bract formation, and the specificationof floral meristems and A activity.


Fifteen rice growing soils of different types were evaluated for their fertility potential considering thirty characters and using principal component analysis. The principal component analysis synthesized five components explaining 77 per cent of total variability. Component scores were calculated on the basis of which the soils were graded.


Wang Xizhi's calligraphic style has a profound influence on calligraphy circles of early Tang dynasty, which originated from a cultural change of Southern dynasties especially the Liang dynasty. From the vertical viewpoint of history, there is close cultural relationship between the Tang and Liang dynasties. Meanwhile, advocating Wang Xizhi's calligraphy reflects Emperor Taizong's pursuit of graceful and neutral aesthetics in the Tang dynasty rather than the magnificent aesthetics of Northern dynasties.


The work of workers' convalescent is a key part of the trade union work It gives full play to the trade unions of protecting the workers' legitimate rights and interests and safeguarding their health Facing to increasing competition, the trade unions should get a clear understanding of their responsibilities, transform the mechanism, give play to their own advantages, and serve for the workers


Even though polar codes were adopted in the latest 5G cellular standard, they still have the fundamental problem of high decoding latency. Aiming at solving this problem, a fast simplified successive cancellation (Fast-SSC) decoder based on the new class of sequence repetition (SR) nodes has been proposed recently in [1] and has a lower required number of time steps than other existing Fast-SSC decoders in theory. This paper focuses on the hardware implementation of this SR node-based fast-SSC (SRFSC) decoder. The implementation results for a polar code with length 1024 and code rate 1 /2 show that our implementation has a throughput of 505 Mbps on an Altera Stratix IV FPGA, which is 17.9% higher with respect to the previous work.


This paper discusses concrete production fundamentals on the earth and identifies applicable features required for lunar concrete production. Production principles unique to the lunar environment and concrete structural concepts are researched from literature. Design criteria are summarized that are compatible with the lunar principles and concepts. It is concluded that a large pressurized facility is required for lunar concrete production. The principal benefits from the use of a large pressurized facility are that workers need not wear cumbersome and restrictive space suits and concrete can't be cured in the vacuum environment of the moon. A specific assembly facility concept is presented and its conversion to a lunar precast concrete plant is discussed.


The creation of protected areas, in the world context, constitutes nowadays as an essential instrument for the natural resources protection. However, Brazilian protected areas face a great challenge in the public usage management, trying to conciliate historically divergent objectives: nature preservation and visitation activities. This study follows the hypothesis of conflicting rationalities presenting tourists in national parks. In other words, the opposition between the traditional tourism conception and the national parks management wills of biodiversity preservation and conservation. This context instigates an observation of Lencois Maranhenses National Park, which has serious limitations for the public usage management, confronting itself with a significant increase in the number of visitors, motivated by constant incentives of federal, state and municipal agencies to promote the recognition of its scenic attributes. In the same direction, the communities that live inside the protected areas cannot remain inhabiting the Park, even though tourist and entrepreneurs can explore the region's natural resources. This study seeks to understand how tourism organization in the city of Barreirinhas contributes to the sustainable tourism development in Lencois Maranhenses National Park. Therefore, the following specific objectives were defined: describe and analyze the management system of Lencois Maranhenses National Park; identify the influence and the relation of the main local segments, Trade and public administration, with the protected area management and, finally, investigate the population participation and its perception concerning to the tourism in this Park. The adopted methodology was based on an investigation in the city of Barreirinhas, as well as on theoretical reference through documentary research in primary and secondary resources. The investigation technique was based on a non-probabilistic and qualitative sample, using semi-structuralized interview scripts and the application of questionnaires containing open and closed questions. Data analysis proofed the existence of three rationalities: opposite, shocking the environmental management and the intentions of public administration and local Trade; different, environmental logic of Lencois Maranhenses National Park and the needs of the resident communities, complementary, having the same desires the public administration and the local Trade. This paper's conclusions were based on the diverse evidences of Barreirinhas' tourism development process: manage difficulties among the local tourism development; conflicts due to local communities' relocation; opposite interests between the Lencois Maranhenses environmental management and the tourism development of Barreirinhas; impacts on the natural resources and the local community.


The development of shocks in the sound field propagating through a nearly choked duct flow is discussed using extensions of the quasi-one-dimensional nonlinear theory previously developed by the authors. A model problem, which can be solved analytically, is studied in some detail in order to illustrate the essential features of the nonlinear behavior of a shocked sound field propagating upstream from a near-sonic throat. The effect of the shocks on the acoustic energy transmitted out of the throat is considered. Numerical results are presented covering ranges of variation of several relevant parameters.


Several aluminosilicate compositions were tested for molten 7075 aluminum alloy attack with and without the addition of 10% Na2CO3. The extent of corrosion was proportional to the silica content of the refractory and especially of the matrix phase. The addition of rare earths up to 15% by weight to the aluminosilicates virtually eiiminated corrosion. Bastnasite, a rare-earth concentrate, was found to be a more effective additive at low concentrations than either CeO2 or La2O3 alone in rendering the aluminosilicates corrosion resistant.


PURPOSE: To essentially facilitate the operation and the monitoring of a working machine or a measuring instrument, and to make the input of a clear text, the change of access rating and a program by the clear text, the expansion of the program and a service function directly possible. CONSTITUTION: A display area 3 is provided, and an analog and digital operation element and the group of the operation element are provided on its surface. The correlation of the operation element for a constitutional element or function can be seen by the spatial correlation of a graphic or an alphanumeric symbol on the display area 3. In addition to the operation element and the group of the operation element on the surface 2 of a control desk 1, a loadable and unloadable key area. 21 provided with a general keyboard is provided. COPYRIGHT: (C)1993,JPO


In this paper, a method for finding an approximate solution of a class of 2D fractional optimal control problems with fractional‐order dynamical system is discussed. In the proposed method, the fractional derivative is expressed in the Caputo sense. The method consists of expanding unknown functions as the elements of two‐dimensional (2D) Müntz‐Legendre wavelets. The 2D Müntz‐Legendre wavelets are constructed and their properties are presented. The operational matrix of fractional‐order integration for these wavelets is utilized to reduce the solution of 2D fractional optimal control problem to an optimization problem, which can then be solved easily. Some results concerning the error analysis are obtained. Finally, two illustrative test problems are included to demonstrate the validity and applicability of the technique. Moreover, our achievements are compared with the previous results to show the superiority of the proposed method.


The results are given of experimental research on the dynamic characteristics of the movement of a freight car on TsNII-Kh3 trucks on curved sections of track out of horizontal alignment. An analysis is given of the effect on the dynamic parameters of transverse undampened accelerations, the severity of which is caused by deviations in track alignment. Also given are an analysis of the parameters of track geometry irregularities and a correlative analysis of the variables of track dynamics.


Upstream produce vendors in supply chains are paying attention to the possibility of supplying goods to downstream buyers that strive to source responsibly. We explore a problem—the application of a two-bin strategy by vendors to sell produce to responsible buyers (RBs) and mainstream buyers (MBs). In this strategy, goods in the primary bin are supplied to an RB, which procures stable quantities of goods and provides fair procurement prices; goods in the secondary bin are supplied to MBs, which are price sensitive. We investigate a vendor's joint decisions regarding the primary bin replenishment quantity and selling price of goods in the secondary bin for short shelf life and long shelf life produce. For short shelf life produce, we formulate stylized newsvendorlike models and identify the vendor's optimal joint replenishment–price decisions, which are irrelevant to any surplus. For long shelf life produce, we formulate periodic-review dynamic programming models and characterize the solution structure of joint decisions, which depend on the surplus quantity in the secondary bin; the joint decisions are reduced by an increase in the surplus, and when surpluses become sufficiently large, the primary bin replenishment quantity is fixed. We numerically discover that the optimized primary bin replenishment quantity leads to an average profit improvement of 1.5% and that the optimized selling price in the secondary bin results in another 0.25% gain. Furthermore, relative to the sales of produce to only MBs, the supply of goods to an RB can at least double a vendor's profits.


Full audiological monitoring is the best strategy to detect hearing loss early and to provide timely intervention in the absence of a clinical method of otoprotection. Full monitoring requires audiological evaluation before, and then during and after ototoxic cancer treatment. In a worldwide context of monitoring protocols that vary substantially, we analyzed the audiological monitoring of childhood cancer patients over the last decade across treatment centers in Switzerland.


The demonstration of efficient single-mode fiber (SMF) coupling is a key requirement for the development of a compact, ultra-precise radial velocity (RV) spectrograph. iLocater is a next generation instrument for the Large Binocular Telescope (LBT) that uses adaptive optics (AO) to inject starlight into a SMF. In preparation for commissioning iLocater, a prototype SMF injection system was installed and tested at the LBT in the Y-band (0.970–1.065 μm). This system was designed to verify the capability of the LBT AO system as well as characterize on-sky SMF coupling efficiencies. SMF coupling was measured on stars with variable airmasses, apparent magnitudes, and seeing conditions for six half-nights using the Large Binocular Telescope Interferometer. We present the overall optical and mechanical performance of the SMF injection system, including details of the installation and alignment procedure. A particular emphasis is placed on analyzing the instrument's performance as a function of telescope elevation to inform the final design of the fiber injection system for iLocater.


Quinlan, Saikewicz, Spring, Fox — names announced in headlines and flashed on TV screens — were patients whose terminal illnesses were removed from the privacy of the family and made the subject matter of protracted legal battles. Their cases raise anew the question of the court's role in termination of life-supporting treatments. The most recent of these cases, that of Brother Joseph Fox, is one of the most unsettling. Fox was an 83-year-old religious brother from Chaminade High School in Mineola, N.Y., who entered Nassau Hospital for a routine hernia operation. During the course of that operation, he had severe . . .


Arlis arose in the late 1960s out of the need for British art and design librarians to have a specialist organisation to support their emerging professional concerns. The Society was independent from other library bodies and has remained so. From its original modest aim of 'promoting art librarianship' it has become a force for redefining this subject specialist area and creating international links, especially with sister organisations across the world; from 'gossip shop' for domestic concerns to an active participant in the IFLA Section of Art Libraries. The Art Libraries Journal has been the principal vehicle for promulgating this concern. ARLIS/UK & Ireland can look forward to extending its role and pursuing its activities with vigour in the next 25 years. This article is a slightly revised version of a paper delivered to the 25th Anniversary Conference of ARLIS/UK & Ireland, London, 7th-10th April 1994.


For some people spring and summer sunshine is not a cause of pleasure and anticipation but can herald a miserable time. For these individuals, photosensitivity to the sun can bring on unpleasant skin reactions lasting for days or even weeks. One of the most common photosensitivity conditions, affecting approx-imately 10–20% of the population (Taylor, 1998), is polymorphic light eruption (PLE), also colloquially known as 'prickly heat'.


We determined the chlorine isotope composition of 16 Martian meteorites using gas source mass spectrometry on bulk samples and in situ secondary ion microprobe analysis on apatite grains. Measured δ37Cl values range from −3.8 to +8.6‰. The olivine‐phyric shergottites are the isotopically lightest samples, with δ37Cl mostly ranging from −4 to −2‰. Samples with evidence for a crustal component have positive δ37Cl values, with an extreme value of 8.6‰. Most of the basaltic shergottites have intermediate δ37Cl values of −1 to 0‰, except for Shergotty, which is similar to the olivine‐phyric shergottites. We interpret these data as due to mixing of a two‐component system. The first component is the mantle value of −4 to −3‰. This most likely represents the original bulk Martian Cl isotope value. The other endmember is a 37Cl‐enriched crustal component. We speculate that preferential loss of 35Cl to space has resulted in a high δ37Cl value for the Martian surface, similar to what is seen in other volatile systems. The basaltic shergottites are a mixture of the other two endmembers. The low δ37Cl value of primitive Mars is different from Earth and most chondrites, both of which are close to 0‰. We are not aware of any parent‐body process that could lower the δ37Cl value of the Martian mantle to −4 to −3‰. Instead, we propose that this low δ37Cl value represents the primordial bulk composition of Mars inherited during accretion. The higher δ37Cl values seen in many chondrites are explained by later incorporation of 37Cl‐enriched HCl‐hydrate.


Table of Contents: Tables, Figures, Foreword, Acknowledgments, and Summary; 1. Introduction; 2. Determinants of the Placement and Outreach of Group-Based Financial Institutions:A County-Level Analysis; 3. Group-Based Financial Institutions:Structure, Conduct, and Performance; 4. Household Participation in Financial Markets; 5. Analysis of the Household-Level Impact of Group-Based Credit Institutions in Bangladesh; 6. Conclusions and Implications for Policy; Appendix A: Survey Modules, Sampling Frame, and Location of Survey Sites; Appendix B: Adult Equivalent Consumption Units Differentiated by Age and Gender; References


1. The use of radioactive material necessitates its transport in the public domain and therefore careful attention needs to be paid to the safety of the public and workers involved, as well as of the environment. Many types of radioactive material and all modes of transport are involved. 2. The International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) has a statutory function 'to establish or adopt, in consultation and, where appropriate, in collaboration with the competent organs of the United Nations and with the specialized agencies concerned, standards of safety for protection of health and minimization of danger to life and property. . ., and to provide for the application of these standards. . . at the request of a State. . .' In July 1959, the United Nations Economic and Social Council (ECOSOC) requested the United Nations Secretary General, in the light of recommendations made by its Committee of Experts, to inform the IAEA of ECOSOC's desire that the IAEA be entrusted with the drafting of recommendations on the transport of radioactive material. Subsequent to that decision, the IAEA produced the first regulations for the safe transport of radioactive material in 1961. These regulations have been and continue to be revised as necessary to support changes in transport operations. 3. Provisions compatible with the IAEA Regulations for the Safe Transport of Radioactive Material have been adopted into domestic requirements by many IAEA Member States. In addition, the IAEA Regulations for the Safe Transport of Radioactive Material serve as the basis for the 'model regulations' of ECOSOC's Subcommittee of Experts on the Transport of Dangerous Goods, which in turn serve as the basis for the international 'modal regulations' issued by the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) for air transport, the International Maritime Organization (IMO) for sea transport, the United Nations Economic Commission for Europe (UNECE) for road, rail and inland waterway transport in Europe, and the Universal Postal Union (UPU) for transport by post. The Member States of these modal transport-related organisations are generally bound through various legal instruments to regulate according to the requirements of the IAEA Regulations for the Safe Transport of Radioactive Material. 4. An International Conference on the Safety of Transport of Radioactive Material (the International Conference) took place in Vienna, Austria, from 7 to 11 July 2003 to address a range of important issues associated with the safe transport of radioactive material. The International Conference was attended by 451 senior officers and scientists from 73 Member States, three co-sponsoring organisations, two cooperating organisations and seven international professional bodies, and by three observers. It was organised by the IAEA; co-sponsored by ICAO, IMO and UPU; and convened in cooperation with the International Air Transport Association (IATA) and the International Organization for Standardization (ISO). The summary and findings of the International Conference's President were brought to the attention of the IAEA General Conference in Annex 1 to document GOV=INF= 2003=15-GC(47)=INF=4. 5. On 19 September 2003, the IAEA General conference, in resolution GC(47)RES=7.C, commended the Agency for having convened the International Conference, welcomed 'the constructive discussions of the issues at the Conference and the President's Summary and Findings', and requested the Agency 'to develop an Action Plan, in consultation with Member States and for approval by the Board, if possible in March 2004, based on the results of the Conference and within the Agency's competence'. This action plan has been prepared pursuant to resolution GC(47)=RES=7.C. The findings of the International Conference and relevant parts of the General Conference resolution are reproduced in this action plan to provide the background to the identified actions and activities. 6. A separate action plan is being prepared on strengthening the international preparedness and response system for nuclear and radiological emergencies pursuant to resolution GC(47)=RES=7.A. RAMTRANS Vol. 15, No. 1, pp. 71–77 (2004) Published by Ramtrans Publishing # 2004 Ramtrans Publishing


Rapid jump-landing is an important performance determinant across sports. While the jump is important for performance, the preceding landing may expose athletes to anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury. 'Safe' landing techniques are promoted to minimise injury risk, however it is important that these are not detrimental to subsequent jumping performance. This study determined whether there is a relationship between biomechanical factors associated with ACL loading or injury risk and jump performance during a bilateral drop vertical jump. Thirty-two female sub-elite netball players had three-dimensional (3D) data recorded from a bilateral drop vertical jump task. 3D hip, knee and ankle joint rotations, 3D knee joint moments, and 3D ground reaction forces (GRFs) were extracted from the landing phase of the task. Jump height, ground contact time and peak power output were extracted from the jumping phase of the task. One-dimensional statistical parametric mapping (p < 0.0011) was used to investigate the relationship between the landing and jumping phases. Greater knee internal rotation moments and higher GRFs during landing were associated with reduced jump height. Greater hip and knee flexion, reduced hip internal rotation and knee abduction, and a more dorsiflexed/less plantarflexed ankle position at initial contact during landing were associated with longer ground contact times. Certain biomechanical factors commonly targeted within ACL injury prevention programs were associated with both poorer and better jump performance. The links between landing technique and jumping performance suggest jump performance training should be considered in parallel with landing injury prevention programs.


ObjectiveTo Study on the cytotoxic properties of ruthenium(Ⅱ) complexes coordinated by cordycepin. Methods Three ruthenium(Ⅱ) complexes coordinated by cordycepin [Ru(L)2(DOA)]Cl2(L=bpy,1;phen,2;dmbpy,3;DOA= cordycepin) have been synthesized and their inhibitory activity against skin cancer were evaluated by MTT assay and flow cytometry.Results MTT assay results showed that all of these complexes exhibit higher inhibitory activity against growth of skin cancer cells A375 than their mother type compound cordycepin.Further studies by Flow CytoMeter(FCM) on 1 showed that it can induce apoptosis of skin cancer cells A375 to inhibit their growth.Conclusion The ruthenium(Ⅱ) complexes have some anti-tumor activity.


e24053 Background: Chemotherapy cardiotoxicity sometimes occurs as QTc prolongation, which may lead to ventricular arrhythmia. We assessed incidence of QTc prolongation among chemotherapy-treated patients. Methods: We enrolled 396 consecutive patients receiving chemotherapy in the Oncology Institute of Cluj-Napoca, Romania. 870 ECGs were performed at baseline and every 2 months, for 5 assessments, during 2016. Results: Most patients were diagnosed with gastro-intestinal tumors and received regimens containing more than one drug. Maximum QTc was recorded after 4 months, when we also found the maximum incidence of increased QTc (>470msec), of 3,73% and of increased ΔQTc (>60msec), of 4%. Female gender was associated with a higher baseline QTc=421 msec, ± 26,9 (p=0.02). No particular chemotherapy regimen was proved to significantly increase QTc. Age was associated with higher QTc and is also an independent variable predicting QTc prolongation (for QTc >480msec, p=0.02), as well as increase of ΔQTc (p<0.001). The number of prior chemotherapy lines correlates with baseline QTc (p<0.0001), with QTc prolongation after 2 months (p=0.01) and predicts higher ΔQTc after 2 months (p=0.01), although within normal range. There was no additive effect during all the 5 assessments. Conclusions: Our results confirm QTc prolongation with chemotherapy and a special attention should be paid to previously treated patients and to elderly patients. Key words: chemotherapy, cardiotoxicity, QTc prolongation.


OBJECTIVE: Primary objective: To describe various ocular manifestations in selected patients with craniocerebral injuries. Secondary objective: To find out if any relationship exists between different ocular manifestations in regard to nature and severity of injury. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Hospital based prospective study comprised of 106 patients of 2 years duration Participants of the studyo inpatients of the ophthalmology and surgery and neurosurgery wards o out patients from the ophthalmology, surgery, neurosurgery and casualty departments RESULTS: Among 106 patients only 18 patients were female ( 16.98 %) and rest 88 were males ( 83.02 %). The age of the patients in study ranges from 3 years to 69 years. Majority of the cases belonged to 21 to 30 years followed by 31 to 40 years. Among the various causes of head trauma, road traffic accident (RTA) was found to be the commonest cause (66.98%) followed by Assault (16.98% ). From the road traffic accidents majority were associated with two wheeler accidents followed by four wheelers and pedestrians. CONCLUSION: soft tissue injuries to globe and adnexa are most common ocular manifestations in craniocerebral injuries. Neuroophthalmic manifestations were less commonly found. Bony injury to the orbit was even less commonly found. INTRODUCTION Head trauma is common in our modern era of motorized transportation. There has been rising trend in the incidence of head trauma as a result of increasing number of road traffic accidents. A head injury occurs every 15seconds and a patient dies of it every 12minutes1. Head injuries are frequently associated with ophthalmic manifestations and consequent morbidity2. 25% of head injuries requiring hospitalization are associated with ocular and visual defects. Early recognition and clinical correlation of ophthalmic manifestations is important in • early localization of the site of injury, • ongoing assessment • management and prognosis Contrary to the immense significance of the problems associated with ocular manifestations of head injury, only scanty systematic reviews of the whole spectrum are available in the literature. With this background, the present study was undertaken . PATIENTS AND METHODS: The present study Is a hospital based prospective clinical study. Duration of the study was from September 2012 to September 2014. A total of 106 cases were included in the study. 12 cases had bilateral involvement. So total number of eyes was 118. All the patients of head injury with ocular manifestations were included in the study. The patients were selected from inpatients of the ophthalmology and surgery and neurosurgery wards and out patients from the ophthalmology, surgery, neurosurgery and casualty departments. Detailed clinical history including duration since injury, Cause of injury, Symptoms following injury such as Loss of consciousness, Bleeding from ear/nose, vomiting. General examination including body built, level of consciousness, pulse, B.P, Respiratory rate, Glasgow coma scale. Examination of primary site including type of injury, extent of injury, soft tissue/bony injury. Examination of the eye proper including visual acuity and fundus examination. Fundus was examined by using direct or indirect ophthalmoscope. The following signs of head injury and ocular injury were looked for specifically. Vitreous haemorrhage, Posterior vitreous detachment, Papilloedema, Optic atrophy, Retinal edema, Retinal detachment, CHoroidal rupture. Neuroimaging studies including X-ray, C.T scan/MRI, if necessary B-scan. FLOWCHART OF STUDY DESIGN Between September 2012 and September 2014 all the patients of head trauma with ophthalmic manifestations were included in the study


Quality plays a vital role since the extent of quality of the produced item influences the degree of satisfaction of the consumer during its usage. Apart from quality, productivity is the next criterion, which is directly related to the profit of the organization. The present paper invites optimization problem which seeks identification of the best process condition or parametric combination for the said manufacturing process. If the problem is related to a single quality attribute then it is called single objective optimization. If more than one attribute comes into consideration it is very difficult to select the optimal setting which can achieve all quality requirements simultaneously. In order to tackle such a Multi-Objective Optimization problem, the present study applied Response Surface Methodology through an experimental study in straight turning of brass bar. The study aimed at evaluating the best process environment which could simultaneously satisfy requirements of both quality and as well as productivity. Finally the effect of four input variables namely cutting speed, feed, depth of cut and type of coolant on different output parameters is studied in the study. The predicted optimal setting ensured minimization of surface roughness and maximization of MRR (Material Removal Rate), tool life and machinability index. Optimal result was satisfactorily verified through confirmatory test.


A quantitative investigation of the structure of a three hectare parcel of .abandoned cropland in the Nigerian Guinea Savanna produced the following results: Tree mean basal area was 6.92 m2 ha-I with an average density of 76.24 ha-\. Shrub basal area was 4.95 m2 ha-I and \.20 m2 ha-I with a density of 52.68 ha-\. Crown coverate for the trees and shrubs were 5.68 m2 ha-I and \.20 m2 ha-I respectively. The ratio of aboveground to belowground biomass for the grass-forb component was 4.70: 1, and there was a significant positive correlation (r = 0.76) between the two.


Numbers'. Within each of these chapters are a numbers of sections, some of which contain several subsections. To provide a flavour of the content of the subsections of this book, each typically occupies somewhere between half a page and four pages, and concentrates on specific results. For example, in subsection 2.2.3 we see results concerning sums of consecutive integers, sums of squares of consecutive integers and sums of cubes of consecutive integers. In 2.3.6 the Collatz conjecture is discussed briefly. Subsections 2.4.1, 2.4.2, 2.4.3 and 2.4.4 cover Euclidean, Mersenne, Double Mersenne and Fermat primes, respectively, with many more to come in the subsections that follow. In subsections 3.6.1 and 3.6.2 we are given Babylonian and Indian iterative methods, respectively, for obtaining ever better approximations to the square root of any given positive real number. In section 5.4 and subsections 5.4.1 and 5.4.2 we are introduced to the notion of -adic numbers. p Other than the odd well-known and straightforward example (such as the irrationality of ), very little in the way of proofs of results are provided. Instead, common use is made of phrases such as "It has been shown that ...''. There is a reasonably extensive bibliography, and three brief appendices in order to clarify some of the points made earlier on in the book. 2


The Ce(3+) ions occupying the two crystallographically distinct Y(3+) sites both with C1 point group symmetry in the X2-Y2SiO5 (X2-YSO) crystal are discriminated by their spectroscopic properties calculated with ab initio approaches and phenomenological model analyses. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations with the supercell approach are performed to obtain the local structures of Ce(3+), based on which the wave function-based embedded cluster calculations at the CASSCF/CASPT2 level are carried out to derive the 4f → 5d transition energies. From the ab initio calculated energy levels and wave functions, the crystal-field parameters (CFPs) and the anisotropic g-factor tensors of Ce(3+) are extracted. The theoretical results agree well with available experimental data. The structural and spectroscopic properties for the two types of Ce(3+) ions in X2-YSO are thus distinguished in terms of the calculated local atomic structures, 4f → 5d transition energies, and spectral parameters.


This article presents the evolution of Tanzania's media with particular focus on the period of indigenous government control before the recent shift from such control to private ownership. While the history of the media is interesting in and of itself, it is presented to establish the journalistic ideology into which Tanzanian media practitioners were socialized as the result of the country's adoption, upon receiving independence, of a one-party political system and a socialist economic system. This media history serves as a backdrop for the empirical portion of this paper. Using type of ownership (government, party, and private) as a classifying variable, the empirical study then captures Tanzanian journalists' opinion profile with regard to private and government media traits. The journalistic ideology of the controlled period, wherein media played a role in national development, is apparent particularly in journalists' attribution of traits to government and private media: The former will unify and develop the country; the latter will develop an informed citizenry but also be sensationalistic and unethical. Not surprisingly, in some instances, the assignment of traits to government and private media was related to ownership of place of employment of the respondents.


In thick thermoplastic composite laminates, nonuniform temperature and cooling rate distribution arises in the through-thickness direction during cost-effective high-rate manufacturing processes. Annealing is often carried out after molding to homogenize degree of crystallinity (DOC) and to reduce residual stress. Even though the change in the residual stress/strain distribution occurring inside thick laminates by this heat treatment is practically important, the changing process and the detailed mechanism are not sufficiently clarified. This present study addresses development and redistribution behavior of residual stress through both molding and annealing using multiple optical fiber sensors deployed in the thickness direction. This article begins by explaining about process monitoring of thick laminates to discuss process-induced strain distribution depending on cooling conditions during molding. Next, strain monitoring is performed during annealing, and the strain change caused by cold crystallization is clarified. Finally, the residual stress distribution is evaluated by a transverse three-point bending test, and the validity of the redistribution mechanism deduced from the strain measurement is confirmed.


Power line communication (PLC) is a term that refers to the transfer of information form transmitter to receiver over electric wires. Power lines are severely effected by background and impulsive noise. In this paper, a suboptimal detection criterion is considered for deriving the error probability under the effect of additive complex background noise and quadrature phase shift keying (QPSK) symbol points. The envelope of complex background noise is modelled as Nakagami-m distribution. However, the phase of the complex background noise is assumed to follow two different distributions, 1) Uniform distribution and 2) Hoyt distribution. Further, we have evaluated the closed-form expressions of average symbol error rate (SER) for both the cases considered in this paper. The analysis presented in this document closely depicts the effect of background noise on PLC system.


Capital markets represent the second main application area of Islamic finance after the banking sector. The most important instrument traded in these markets is stocks. The character of companies is important on the legitimacy (shariah compliance) of investing in stocks. The fact that the companies with a completely Shariah compliant structure are few in number brings about investing in mixed companies that carry out Shariah non-compliant activities even though their main activity is legitimate. Depending on this necessity, companies are allowed to carry out financial activities that do not comply with Shariah principles to a certain extent. In this context, thresholds are used within the scope of Shariah screening to determine the level of non-compliant elements to Shariah in the company. There are two different approaches to determining thresholds; the minority-majority-centered approach and the necessity-centered approach. The first approach uses Shar'i evidence showing the less or more borderline when setting thresholds for all analysis of Shariah screening. The necessity-centered approach, on the other hand, focuses on determining the amount of necessity based on market data. Both methods contain methodological problems in the threshold determination processes. This study aims to reveal the problems of both methods and to propose the sectoral necessity-centered method as an alternative.


The article considers the history of the HSRC's relationship with government and universities in three periods (1917-1945, 1945-1990 and 1990-2005), characterising the first as relatively harmonious, the second as conflictual and the third as uneasy. Underpinning this relationship is the nature of the funding of research in universities and entities such as the HSRC. This the article explores from its foundation to the current period, linking a discussion of it to the degree of independence of researchers and as mediating its relationships with government and universities. The article uses secondary sources to develop the argument and ends with a plea for the history of the HSRC to be written.


Objective To explore the etiological diagnosis of chronic cough.Methods 83 patients with chronic cough were enrolled in the study.The diagnostic procedure based on the reported was applied to classify the etiopathogenisis of chronic cough.The treatment aimed directly at the cause of the disease.Results 80 of 83 cases of chronic cough were final diagnosed by etiopathogenisis,the ratio was 96.4 %.The causes included cough variant asthma(CVA)(29/83,34.9%),postnasal drip syndrome(PNDs)(19/83,22.9%),gastroesophageal reflux(GERC)(10/83,12.1%) and eosinophilic bronchitis(EB)(8/83,9.6%) and other causes(17/83,20.5%).After active specific treatment aimed directly at the causes,the cough of patients improved and disappeared in 76 patients(91.6%).Conclusions CVA、PNDs、GERC and EB were most common causes(66/83,79.5%) of chronic cough.A positive response to the specific therapy is essential to the diagnosis of etiopathogenisis.


We introduce a weaker form of the specification property, called the 'one-way specification property', which holds for a broad class of systems whose ergodic measures are not dense in the set of invariant measures, including Smale's horseshoe map, DA map, and (symbolic spaces of) (−β)-transformations for Yrrap β > 1. As an application, we show that these three examples satisfy a level-2 large deviation principle with the normalized Lebesgue measure.


The water-gas shift reaction on the Cu base catalyst for the one-step dimethyl ether synthesis process was studied in a fixed bed under the reaction conditions of 260℃ and 5.0 MPa.The stability of the Cu base catalyst,the effects of the CO space velocity and decrease of CO/H_2O ratio were investigated respectively.The side reaction through which methanol was synthesized was restricted significantly with the increases in the CO space velocity and decrease of CO/H_2O ratio.The rapid deactivation of the water-gas shift reaction catalyst led to the deactivation of the complex catalyst for dimethyl ether synthesis.


Aquaculture today is a science of great demand for fish production, among which is the Red tilapia (Oreochromis sp), because its consumption gives us nutrients of vital importance. This species requires environmental conditions of warm temperature between 28-32 o C for its production, thanks to the application of technology, engineering, biology, ecology, we can implement thermal systems that allow to have a habitat of comfort for this Species. Another important factor that we should consider is oxygenation, through this system generates a constant water movement that allows to maintain the ideal oxygen for the production process, avoiding losses due to mortality. The project focuses on the design and construction of an industrial system that automatically regulates the temperature and aeration of the water. For the design of the electric heater the SOLIDWORKS 2018 software and the thermal analysis of the pond under study were used, a basic simulation was performed on the ANSYS 19.2. With the implementation of the PID temperature controller (proportional, Integral and derivative), in the thermal part and aeration through an electrical-mechanical system, with a timer for automatic ignition. As a result, the industrial thermal system works automatically for five hours, in order to achieve a thermal equilibrium of 32 °c which is the optimum temperature of this species, the aeration system is complemented with an elected-mechanical installation that it allows automatic ignition of the generator when there is no electrical power in the main line. This project is intended to contribute to the school of Livestock sciences, with an interest in the aquaculture area in order to encourage future undertaking and research.

Keywords: Aquaculture, technology, thermal coefficient, oxygenation, simulation


In this paper, we address the need for newer approaches to understand and engage with the social complexity of open innovation occurring through user communities that are hosted by firms. Despite their growing prevalence, we know relatively little about the role of firm-hosted user communities as external sources of innovation. We draw on a community of practice perspective that is grounded in social practice theory to develop a multi-level, relational framework that enables a holistic examination of the social practices at play in firm-hosted user communities. By integrating the perspectives of the users and firm employees at the individual level, with the user community and the host firm at the collective level, this framework serves to extend the firm-centric approach dominant in extant open innovation research. The framework lays the ground for researchers to adopt a practice- based approach in studying the social and relational dynamics within and across firm-hosted user communities. We thus conceive...


This study analyzes the usefulness of the theory of participation as put forth by Karol Wojtyła. The author describes two dimensions of participation in the community: the first"me" "others" and the second: "us". The article shows the constructive mechanisms of community development such as dialogue, solidarity and opposition and the patterns which impede development of communities and men, such as conformism and alienation. In the conclusions, the author postulates implementing Karol Wojtyła's theory of participation in education.


A robust literature in political psychology finds that exposure to threat increases support for illiberal policies through the activation of authoritarian and system-justifying personality traits. However, these studies tend to analyze different threats in isolation or utilize bundled real-world threats in ways that complicate scholars' ability to compare the size of effects across different types or to make causal claims. This paper presents the design and results of a survey experiment designed to isolate specific kinds of threat through four treatment groups priming economic, physical, infrastructure, and identity threats (with a pure control group). The experiment was embedded in a survey of a nationally representative sample of Egyptian adults in December 2018. Results demonstrate that different kinds of threats have different effects on policy preferences. Respondents assigned to the economic treatment were significantly more supportive of illiberal policies, while those in the security treatment were not, and those in infrastructure and identity treatments showed mixed results. In addition, the results show that different threats interact differently with underlying personality traits. In sum, my findings strongly suggest that all threats do not exert the same influence over policy preferences, and that researchers must disaggregate threat into specific components to fully understand its relationship with policy preferences.


The major steps in the pattern transfer process will be identified and used to explain the individual aspects of the challenges involved with high aspect ratio and high topography. The structural perspective of micromachined devices will then be introduced as a foundation for identifying the high aspect ratio and high topography challenges. These two key photolithography challenges will then be discussed.


The humidity sensor based on quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) has a remarkable advantage for Internet of Things (IoT) applications owing to its digital output. Herein, one lead-free perovskite Cs2SnCl6 film is employed to manufacture a QCM-based humidity sensor, and the practical application on IoT is successfully performed. The fabricated humidity sensor exhibits a logarithmic linearity response and an ultra-high response of 7289 Hz for the relative humidity ranging from 11% to 85%. Furthermore, the Langmuir adsorption model is adopted to reveal the adsorption kinetics of the water molecules on the Cs2SnCl6 film. These results suggest that the proposed humidity sensor could be a promising candidate for remote and smart humidity sensors.


The "revenge" of Emmett Till is figured here as the impudent tones and boastful themes in the recorded lyrics of a range of hip-hop artists. Some of these artists make specific allusions to the historical narrative of Till and one aim of this article is to situate those hip-hop allusions within the context of a literary history engaged in responses to the tragic murder of Emmett Till in 1955. Taken in their appropriate literary context (i.e. the writings of John Edgar Wideman, Nikki Giovanni, Eldridge Cleaver, and others), these allusive lyrics within hip-hop culture reflect the complex interactive artistic connections between the civil rights era and the hip-hop generation.


A high-pressure diffusion cloud chamber has been used to study the interactions of 970 MeV protons from the Birmingham synchrotron with deuterium. Analysis of the 569 collisions observed indicates that at this energy the deuteron behaves as if it were composed of two free nucleons. The properties of proton-proton and proton-neutron scattering have been determined on this assumption. An estimate is made of the extent of the 'shadowing' of each nucleon in the deuteron by the other. The partial cross-sections for p-p and p-n elastic scattering have been determined, as have also the values for the five possible single meson production processes. They have the following 'best' values: (1) (p + p-> p + p) = 25.9 + 1.7 mb, (2) (p + n-> p + n) = 16.2 + 3.5 mb, (3) (p + p-> p + p + 7T0) = 5.4 + 1.0 mb, (4) (p + p -> n + p + 7T+) = 15.6 + 1.7 mb, (5) (p + n-> p + n + n0) = 14.3 + 3.5 mb, (6) (p + n-+ p + p + 7T-) = 2.7 + 0.6mb, (7) (p + n-> n + n + 7T+) = 4.3 + 1.1 mb. Double meson production and reactions involving secondary deuterons are not important. The cross-sections (1), (2), (3), (4) and (5) are consistent with values extrapolated from data at energies below 660 MeV by Russian workers. Knowledge of the other cross-sections (6) and (7) makes possible a test of the validity of the charge independence of nuclear forces. The present results are not in good agreement with this. The results for inelastic scattering indicate that, assuming charge independence, the formation of excited nucleons of isotopic spin 3/2 does not dominate the process of pion production. This is also true for the Russian data. Twelve cases of double meson production were observed. The angular distribution of proton-neutron elastic scattering has the form expected from lower energy data.


Diffuse optical tomography is a non-invasive medical imaging method that quantitatively reconstructs threedimensional optical absorption and scattering coefficient distribution of imaging tissue domain. Functional diffuse optical tomography (fDOT) system uses multiple-wavelength near-infrared (NIR) light sources, and by reconstructing the variation of the absorption coefficient inside the tissue for these wavelengths, it maps the concentration of various constituents such as oxygenated and deoxygenated blood, water and lipids inside the tissue. This manuscript discusses the development of a 3D tissue scanning system based on fDOT principle. A configurable optical fiber probe was designed that can be placed on a tissue surface to inject modulated NIR light into the tissue from one of the three wavelengths (660, 735, and 850 nm) by light-emitting diodes (LED). The intensity of the back-reflected diffused light is measured using detector fibers coupled with a set of photodetectors. A microcontroller-based electronic circuit system and a dedicated DAQ unit perform system control, data acquisition, noise-free lock-in detection, and wireless data transmission to a host computer, equipped with a graphics processing unit (GPU). The GPU system executes a 3D fDOT spectroscopic image reconstruction software in real-time. Extensive simulation studies have been carried out for the 3D fDOT image reconstruction to study the concentration of chromophores such as oxyhemoglobin, deoxyhemoglobin, and water, and to characterize tumor located deep inside the tissue. The results from two different experimental setups validated the system. The promising results pave the way for the development of a low-cost 3D fDOT handheld system for the real-time onsite functional imaging of biological tissue.


In this study, different methods are used to determine a nacelle-based lidar power curve. The methods used have already been published in other studies. However, these studies differed in environmental conditions, rated power, hub height, rotor diameter and in the evaluation criteria of the power curve. In this study, the published methods for the determination of nacelle-based lidar power curves will be used and evaluated with uniform criteria. The basis for this is provided by measurements of ground- and nacelle-based lidar and met mast measurements at an IEC-conform site. The results show that some methods significantly reduce scattering in the performance curve and that the choice of measurement distances used has a significant influence on the quality of the results.


The Physical Training is a comprehensive training to people through the body's movement.Its aim is to improve the student's body and mind.This articlc specifically analyses the types of passive mentality of students in the study of physical training.And put forward special mental tactics and teaching methods in order to overcome passive mentality and correct actions and change the student's passive attitudes.


Objective To find the significant differentially expressed microRNAs in medulloblastoma and investigate their biological function.Methods Differentially expressed microRNAs were found by gene chips,and miR-130a was selected and verified using real-time quantitative PCR,then its potential target genes and their enriched biological pathways were predicted by bioinformatics softwares.Results miR-130a was down-regulated obviously in medulloblastoma.Bioinformatics analysis indicated that its target gene PDGFRA was involved in Ras/MAPK signaling pathway.Conclusion Down-regulation of miR-130a induced the up-regulation of PDGFRA,which might be the reason for up-regulation of Ras/MAPK signaling pathway in medulloblastoma.


This paper is concerned with the application of multi-dimensional graphs in visualizing and modeling total change in a dependent variable in response to changes in any or all of the (many) independent variables affecting it. Previous literature has used the ceteris paribus assumption to obtain total change as a cumulative effect of the effect of the individual parts. The multi-dimensional graph applied to demand and supply shows that under the Omnia Mobilis (everything is moving) assumption, the quantity sold in the market is a joint function of all the independent variables that affect supply and demand.


The basic experience we gained in developing the theoretical system of socialism with Chinese characteristics is:only when Marxism is integrated with the conditions of a specific country,advances in step with the times and is tied to the destiny of the people can it keep its youth and vitality.This is also the basic experience we gained in adapting Marxism to Chinese conditions.Only when Marxism is developed in such a way can we enable socialism with Chinese characteristics to demonstrate its strong vitality,creativity and appeal,and promote it from victories to greater victories.


Abstract Research and practice have observed a shift towards service-oriented approaches that depend on input from citizens as co-producers of services. Yet in the delivery of public infrastructure the focus is still on managing assets rather than services. Using a Policy Delphi approach, we found that although experts advocate service-centric approaches guidelines and policies lack a service-centric perspective. Findings revealed a range of impediments to effective stakeholder involvement. The paper contributes to co-production and new public governance literature and offers directions for public infrastructure decision-makers to support and reconnect disengaged government–citizen relations, and determine ways of understanding optimal service outcomes.


Between November 2000 and March 2002, the German Society of Phlebology, in cooperation with the german ministry of health, performed the Bonn Vein Study in the city of Bonn and two rural townships. The participants were chosen from a simple randomized sample taken from the population registers. In total, 3072 (1722 women, 1350 men) participants between 18 and 79 years of age were investigated. Only 9.6% of the population (13.6% men, 6.4% women) showed no signs of venous disorders (CO) according to the CEAP classification, while 59.1% (58.4% men, 59.5% women) showed only telangiectasias or reticular veins (C1). In 14.3% (12.4% men, 15.8% women), varicose veins were present without edema or skin changes (C2), while 13.4% (11.6% men, 14.9% women) had pitting edema of the lower limbs at the time of the investigation (C3). Only 2.9% (3.1% men, 2.7% women) showed CEAP stage C4 with skin changes, like eczema, pigmentation, or lipodermatosclerosis. Even fewer, 0.6%, showed healed venous ulceration (C5) and active venous ulcers, 0.1% (C6). The frequency of more severe chronic venous signs, like eczema, pigmentation, lipodermatosclerosis, or venous ulceration has markedly decreased in the last two decades. This may be due to the fact that diagnostic and therapeutic options were applied more frequently within this period.


Poly‐γ‐glutamate hydrolase P (PghP) of Bacillus subtilis bacteriophage ΦNIT1 hydrolyzes the γ‐glutamyl peptide linkage of extracellular poly‐γ‐glutamate produced by bacilli, which facilitates infection and propagation of phage progenies. Crystal structure of PghP was determined at a resolution of 1.9 Å. Structure of PghP was elucidated as a globular protein with an open α/β mixed core structure and a seven‐stranded parallel/anti‐parallel β‐sheet. The β‐sheet contained a core four‐stranded parallel β‐sheet. A zinc‐binding motif, His‐Glu‐His, was identified at the C‐terminal end of the β‐sheet. Structure analysis demonstrated that PghP, which had not been previously classified into any peptidase/protease family due to lack of amino acid sequence similarity with known enzymes, had a catalytic center containing a zinc ion and an overall topology resembling mammalian carboxypeptidase A and related enzymes. Structural comparisons indicated important amino acid residues of PghP for catalysis and recognition of the γ‐peptide bond of poly‐γ‐glutamate, which was confirmed by site‐directed mutagenesis of PghP. Proteins 2011. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.


Scleroderma is a relatively rare autoimmune disorder that causes progressive hardening,
tightening, and scarring of the skin, as well as internal organ involvement. This case study
presents a 56-year-old African American female with diffuse cutaneous scleroderma
who has had recurrent complications since 2017, including earaches and fingertip
infections. The patient's medical history, clinical course, diagnosis, and treatment
options, including NSAIDs, low-dose corticosteroids, and methotrexate, are discussed.
Osteopathic manipulative medicine is explored as a potential symptomatic treatment
for scleroderma. Early diagnosis and chronic management for scleroderma patients
are emphasized to avoid severe complications such as pulmonary hypertension, which
can lead to cor pulmonale and right-sided heart failure. Further research is needed on
prophylactic treatments for scleroderma complications and the potential link between
multiple autoimmune disorders and increased susceptibility to scleroderma. This case
study provides medical professionals with a better understanding of scleroderma and
the available treatment options to improve patient quality of life.


One of the most common methods of a choice of a movement trajectory of a particle from a set of trial short on scale is the approach of Hamilton - Lagrange, and also the principle of least action (PLA) connected to it [l, 2). Up to now PLA frequently had only theoretical value and practically it was not used for the solution of applied problems. A classical problem of electron optics is calculation of a mechanical trajectory of a charged particle in the given force field. In this work the PLA is used for the solution of this problem.


In this paper we present a new approach for solving the mastermind game. The game is known to be NP-complete and many algorithmic approaches were proposed since the early days of the game invention. Existent techniques vary from full enumeration to meta-heuristics. Our approach differs from the literature by strengthening a classical genetic algorithm with the Wisdom of Artificial Crowds Approach. This blending of both techniques made the program play moves more "wisely". Our first experimental results are very promising.


This paper presents a novel application of incorporating Alternating Structure Optimization (ASO) to conduct the task of text chunking of Semantic Role Labeling (SRL) in Chinese texts. ASO is a competent linear algorithm based on the theory of Multi-task Learning. In this paper, by constructing several SRL tasks to constitute a multi-task, we are able to encode the inference obtained by ASO algorithm as additional feature to further boost the performance of the target task employing Conditional Random Fields (CRFs). To our knowledge, our method is the first that incorporates multi-task learning into a statistical model in SRL for Chinese texts. We evaluate our approach on Penn Treebank data sets and obtain encouraging result.


Sir, Patients with COVID-19 infection, especially those with severe disease and those who have been treated with immunosuppressants, are prone to a number of rare and exotic infections. Histoplasmosis is a mycotic infection rarely described from the Indian subcontinent. Here, we describe a patient with acute localized pulmonary histoplasmosis, secondary to severe COVID infection with respiratory failure.


The Middle Jurassic Brent Group sandstones are prolific oil reservoirs in the North Sea. Recently, a number of Brent wells have experienced increased levels of hydrogen sulfide contamination during production. A study involving the characterization of all iron-bearing minerals to understand the controls of mineralogy on the nature and timing of souring has been undertaken. The potential of iron minerals to scavenge hydrogen sulfide and hence delay/inhibit souring by precipitation of pyrite has been investigated by determining its distribution, quantity, and origin. Authigenic pyrite occurs as disseminated (framboidal, cubic, and octahedral) crystals and as a pore-filling cement. The pyrite has formed throughout the diagenetic history of the sandstones. however, most of the pyrite is considered to be a late cement formed during burial diagenesis. Conventional separation and sulfur isotope analysis of the authigenic pyrite was conducted on samples from oil- and water-bearing sequences to give a bulk signature for all pyrite present. Subsequently, laser sulfur isotope analysis was used to characterize the signature and origin of the different pyrite morphologies present. The enhanced level of sulfur isotope signature characterization can be used to improve the knowledge of the origin and timing of the different pyrite morphologies. This allows closer reconciliationmore » of the isotopic data to the diagenetic history of the Brent sandstones. Calculations have been made using the known quantities of iron in these minerals and the hydrogen sulfide concentrations present. This indicates the effect of sulfide precipitation on the hydrogen sulfide levels remaining in the reservoir.« less


Flood events that have proven to create shock waves in society, which we will call shock events, can open windows of opportunity that allow different actor groups to introduce new ideas. Shock events, however, can also strengthen the status quo. We will take flood events as our object of study. Whereas others focus mainly on the immediate impact and disaster management, we will focus on the long-term impact on and resilience of flood risk governance arrangements. Over the last 25 years, both the Netherlands and Poland have suffered several flood-related events. These triggered strategic and institutional changes, but to different degrees. In a comparative analysis these endogenous processes, i.e., the importance of framing of the flood event, its exploitation by different actor groups, and the extent to which arrangements are actually changing, are examined. In line with previous research, our analysis revealed that shock events test the capacity to resist and bounce back and provide opportunities for adapting and learning. They "open up" institutional arrangements and make them more susceptible to change, increasing the opportunity for adaptation. In this way they can facilitate a shift toward different degrees of resilience, i.e., by adjusting the current strategic approach or by moving toward another strategic approach. The direction of change is influenced by the actors and the frames they introduce, and their ability to increase the resonance of the frame. The persistence of change seems to be influenced by the evolution of the initial management approach, the availability of resources, or the willingness to allocate resources.


This article describes an assessment of writing skills (writing sample, objective test, and self‐assessment) made by one community college. Information was gathered to design an entry‐level assessment procedure for placement in English composition and developmental writing courses. Comparing the three approaches, each of which measured different aspects of writing ability, showed that the best predictor of grade in an English composition course was the objective test. However, the statistical results of the study form only one component of an entry‐level assessment program. It may be that a writing sample is needed as part of entry‐level assessment because it points out the value of writing skill in attempting college‐credit courses.