This study describes the implementation of movable objects auction at the State Assets and Auction Service Office of Langsa City. Legal protection efforts against auction winners can be carried out through litigation and non-litigation such assubpoena, and by implementing legal safeguards in the form of preventive, curative, rehabilitative and repressive legal protection measures. The research method in this study is empirical legal research methods or sociological research methods by identifying law as patterned behavior, using a social theoretical framework of sociological law or legal theories whose proof is carried out through society. Keywords: Legal Protection, Auction, Auction Objects. -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Date of Submission: 21-09-2019 Date of acceptance: 10-10-2019 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------I. INTRODUCTION Auction is one of buying and selling forms with several differences in general. In buying and selling, there is a right to choose and exchanging in public is allowed, while in auction, one cannot choose, no exchanging in public, and the action is carried out in public. One of the principles of auction is efficiency, which means that the auction is carried out quickly and straightforwardly. However, this understanding does not exist in the legislation so that it creates an empty norm. The existence of empty norms results in the implementation of the auction which does not provide certainty for auction buyers, so auction buyers often suffer losses in time, energy and costs. Voluntary auctions are conducted on the initiative of the party entitled to the object to be auctioned. It is unlike the execution auction where creditors carry out the transfer of rights. In the execution auction, the institution authorized to conduct it is the State Auction Office while for voluntary auctions can be carried out by the State Auction Office or Private Auction Office. The public in an effort to meet their needs requires funding from banks, one of which is by crediting. Credit, namely as a gift of achievement by one party to another party and the achievement will be returned again at a certain period in the future accompanied by a counter achievement in the form of interest. 1 Legal protection for buyers of execution auction of mortgage right so far has not provided preventive legal protection for auction winners, meaning that VenduReglement which is the main legal basis for auction in Indonesia, and Minister of Finance Regulation No. 106 / PMK.06 / 2013 concerning Amendments to the Minister of Finance Regulation Number 93 / PMK.06 / 2010 concerning Bidding Implementation Guidelines have not found any legal protection to the winner of the auction of execution of mortgage rights. The minutes of the auction do not provide legal protection to the winner of the auction for the possession of the auction object. Repressive legal protection is provided by the HIR in the event that the auction object is emptied and asking for protection from district court. And if there is an objection of an auction winner, one can proceed to subpoena and appeal. The positive legal rules governing the auctions that currently exist do not support the development of the auction as a buying and selling agency and do not provide protection for the interests of auction buyer rights for the goods bought. Because the existing auction law is less rational, especially the auction rules lack a general "normative" quality, it has not been able to solve all practical problems that are legal in nature so that lawsuits often occur by way of sellers filing a lawsuit against illegal acts against the execution of collateral or making resistance (verzet) to the Chairperson of the local District Court with a view to delaying or canceling the auction 1 MuchdarsyahSinungan, Fundamentals and Credit Management Techniques, Bina
 Aksara, Jakarta, 2004, pp. 12. Legal Protection For Auction Winners Against Fiduciaryguarantee Objects DOI: 10.9790/0837-2410030610 www.iosrjournals.org 7 |Page of execution of collateral items. Legal protection for auction buyers means the legal certainty of the rights of auction buyers for the goods bought through auction. The seller should be fully responsible for the losses incurred. 2 Based on Article 1365 of the Civil Code, the injured party is sufficient to prove that the loss suffered is due to an act against the defendant's law, it is not required that the act constitutes an unlawful act against the injured person. The problem of causality becomes a central issue in tort, because its function is to determine whether a person must be legally responsible for actions that cause harm to others. Execution Auction Method based on Act Number 42 of 1999 Fiduciary is through the Parate Execution, namely the Mortgage Holder, in this case the Bank, selling the Mortgage Right object through a public auction and taking the payment of receivables from the public auction results. Procedure for Execution Auction according to Article 16 of the Regulation of the Minister of Finance of the Republic of Indonesia Number PMK 27 / PMK.06 of 2016 concerning the Auction Hall is as follows: 1. Pre-Auction a. Submitting a written request regarding the execution to the Head of the Office of State Assets and Auction Services. It is a government agency under the Directorate General of State Assets at the Ministry of Finance. In this case the Bank may also request to use the Pre-Auction services from the Private Auction Hall; b. The Office of State Assets and Auction Services / Private Auction Office will examine the completeness of the tender documents, which include but are not limited to Credit Agreements, Mortgage Rights Certificates, Evidence of details of debtors' debts, proof of warning of defaults to debtors, proof of ownership of rights, proof of tender notification to debtors; c. After the above documents are deemed complete, the Office of State Assets and Auction Services will issue a written auction schedule to the Bank; d. The Bank carries out the Announcement of Auction. 1.) If the goods auctioned are immovable or immovable goods which are sold with the movable property; the announcement shall be made twice, after 15 days. The first announcement can be made through an announcement board that can be read by the public or through a daily newspaper. But the second announcement must be published in a daily newspaper and must be made 14 days before the auction. If the goods auctioned are movable goods, announcements are made 1 (one) time through a daily newspaper at least 6 (six) calendar days before the auction, except the Execution Auction of Confiscated Objects Article 45 of the Criminal Law Code in the form of: a) goods that are damaged / rotten or dangerous or if the cost of storing the goods is too high, can be done in less than 6 (six) calendar days but must not be less than 2 (two) working days; and b) fish and the like resulting from a fishery crime can be done in less than 6 (six) calendar days but must not be less than 1 (one) calendar day. e. The bank gives auction notifications to the debtor. 2. Auction Implementation If there is a potential objection / rejection or even a lawsuit from the debtor/ the executed, the Bank will in practice seek an alternative implementation of the auction with the fiat execution from the Chair of the District Court. The District Court will deliver dunningto the debtor so that the debtor will come at the appointed day and carry out his obligations to the Bank, if dunning is not fulfilled by the debtor, the District Court will seize the execution on the debtor's guarantee. Many auctions that cause disputes occur in the province of Aceh, such as the case that bound in the Consumer Financing Agreement Number: 9018810866 / PK / 10/11 dated 7 October 2011 which has been auctioned. Similarly, the case that occurred in Langsa City with the object of a motor vehicle. There is no levering of the auction object in the form of a minibus to the winner of the auction with a final bid (consignment) of Rp.89,000,000 (eighty-nine million rupiah). One reason for the absence of the auction object submission is because the auction object is being the object of a dispute that was sued by the previous car owner who claimed the price of the object should amount to Rp120,000,000 (one hundred and twenty million rupiah). The case that occurred in Langsa City can be said to be quite complicated because it involves many parties, places, and also takes a relatively long time. And the object of the auction is unclear related to the validity and the existence of documents. The parties in this case not only involved the auction winner and the organizer of the auction, but also dragged the debt collectors, debtors, creditors, even the police and the 1-01 Banda Aceh Court-martial. The existence of the auction object which was in dispute according to the latest information was in the jurisdiction of Medan City. 2 PurnamaTioriaSianturi, Legal Protection for Buyers of Immovable Collateral through Auction, MandarMaju, Bandung, 2013, pp.6. Legal Protection For Auction Winners Against Fiduciaryguarantee Objects DOI: 10.9790/0837-2410030610 www.iosrjournals.org 8 |Page The management of collateral objects (objects of dispute) itself should be part of the management of collateral items which includes the act of receiving, recording, storing, maintaining, and issuing documents for collateral items. Recording is carried out systematically and is classified based on the types of collateral items. 3 The management of collateral items is carried out by taking inventory of all collateral and recording the maintenance process related to collateral. Furthermore, security for collateral is carried out by blocking the relevant agencies authoriz


7052 Background: Qualitative and quantitative analysis of circulating DNA in blood is a promising non-invasive diagnostic and prognostic tool. Our aim was to study the association between the free amount in plasma of the catalytic subunit of telomerase (hTERT) and several clinical variables in advanced NSCLC patients.

METHODS
We examined 451 NSCLC patients in stage IIIB and IV, treated with cisplatin and docetaxel. Blood samples were collected before chemotherapy, and circulating DNA was extracted from the serum using commercial adsorption columns. The amount of free hTERT in plasma was quantified by using RT-PCR.

RESULTS
Median age was 61 years [35-82] and 84% were males. 99% had performance status 0-1. 84% were in stage IV and 16% in stage IIIB. The histological subtypes were: 32% squamous cell carcinoma, 50% adenocarcinoma, 14% anaplastic large cell, and 4% undifferentiated. 41% of the patients received second line chemotherapy. 1% achieved complete response (CR), 36% partial response (PR), 35% had stable disease (SD) and 28% progressive disease (PD). Median hTERT value was 4856 ng/ml; for patients in IIIB was 4847 ng/ml [263-964826] and 4886 ng/ml [67-4373520] in stage IV (p = 0.75). There was not association between hTERT values and response to therapy, 20588 ng/ml [122-317251] in the CR+PR group vs 50204 ng/ml [67-4373520] in the SD+PD group (p = 0.09). hTERT values were not related with the localization of the metastasis. Dividing the cohort in two sets according to hTERT median we found two significantly different groups in terms of Overall Survival (OS) and Time To Progression (TTP). Patients with hTERT <4856 ng/ml had a median TTP of 5.3 months (m) [4.4-6.1] while for hTERT >4856 ng/ml was 4.1 m [3.5-4.6], (p = 0.0009). OS when hTERT <4856 ng/ml was 10.1m [4.9-11.3] and for hTERT >4856 ng/ml was 8.4 m [7.2-9.5], (p = 0.01). In the multivariate analysis, hTERT was an independent predictive variable for TTP (HR 1.39, CI 95% 1.1-1.7, p = 0.002) and OS (HR 1.27, CI 95% 1.1-1.6, p = 0.04).

CONCLUSIONS
In advanced NSCLC patients, the quantification of free circulating hTERT in plasma is an affordable and valuable prognostic marker. High plasma hTERT levels are a poor prognostic indicator for TTP and OS. No significant financial relationships to disclose.


OBJECTIVE: To review the effectiveness data on the use of gabapentin in bipolar disorders. DATA SOURCES: Clinical literature was accessed through MEDLINE (January 1985–November 2000). Key search terms included gabapentin, mood stabilizer, and bipolar disorder. DATA SYNTHESIS: Bipolar disorder is a complex condition that can be difficult to treat effectively. Mood stabilizers are increasingly being used to manage bipolar disorder. Studies that used gabapentin in bipolar disorders are evaluated. CONCLUSIONS: From the data presented, gabapentin cannot be recommended for treatment of bipolar disorder. Further studies are required to determine whether gabapentin has any role in the management of bipolar disorder.


This study were performed in Tropical Plant Resources Research Center of Korea National Arboretum, Pocheon, Korea to assess the effects of beneficial insects against Pseudococcus comstocki (Kuwana) on Phyllanthus acidus (Linnaeus) Skeels and Tetranychus urticae Koch on Acalypha wilkesiana Muell Arg. We investigated the density of leaf-feeding P. comstocki at intervals of approximately 2 weeks and T. urticae at intervals of approximately 1 weeks after introducing their natural enemies; Chrysoperla nipponensis (Okamoto) and Phytoseiulus persimilis Athias-Henriot. The densities of P. comstocki were suppressed 80.0% (after 4 weeks) and 97.5% (after 8 weeks) after introducing C. nipponensis. The densities of T. urticae were suppressed 84.1% (after 4 weeks) and 99.6% (after 6 weeks) after introducing P. persimilis.


Introduction: Gall Bladder cancer is the most common and aggressive malignancy of biliary tree it accounts for 80%to 90% of biliary tract cancers. Overall, it is a rare malignancy. Incidence of Gall Bladder carcinomas varies in different countries of the world. Environmental triggers play a critical role in the development of Gall Bladder carcinoma. Symptoms of Gall Bladder carcinomas are very vague due to which there is delay in diagnosis and treatment hence results in poor prognosis and high motality. This study was carried out to find out the incidence of Gall Bladder malignancy and the incidental carcinoma in cholecystectomy specimens. Material and Methods: A retrospective study from may 2010 to may 2016 was carried out in the department of pathology of VCSGGMCandRI in hilly regions of uttarakhand. Records of all patients of cholecystectomy were analyzed for age,sex,clinical presentation and radiological examination. Histopathological analysis of all cholecystectomy specimen sent was done. Result: Out of 502 cases of cholecystectomy malignancy was present in 12 cases (2.4%). All the malignant cases were not diagnosed preoperatively as malignant. Thus in neoplastic group incidental carcinoma was diagnosed in 5 cases (1.07%) Conclusion: We conclude that histopathological examination of all cholecystectomy specimens should be done mandatory so that no asymptomatic carcinoma go undetected. Thorough sampling of all Gall Bladder specimen is must to detect incidental carcinoma or focal neoplastic changes.


In this work  we propose a method for organizing multipath routing for SDN networks. It have two main parts. The fisrt one is a routing method based on modified wave algorithm for finding paths, and second one is load balancing method based on ECMP algorithm. Combination of these methods can optimize using of network resources and provide a more optimal load balancing of network. The basis of routing algorithm is the search and use partially-overlapping routes. The basis of load balancing algorithm is equal distribution network load between all found routes. A comparative analysis with an existing algorithm s for routing and load balancing was conducted and the advantages of this development are presented. Keywords:  multipath routing, wave algorithm, partial-overlapping routes, SDN networks, load balancing.


This article discusses the lingual methods of training foreign language. Special attention is paid to audio-linguistic method for teaching dialogic speech in English. This method allows you to simulate a language situation that is close to the real situation of communication, without using your native lan-guage.


A new approach for the reduction of tensor integrals is described. The standard decomposition \`{a} la Davydychev is applied. Integrals with higher indices are then expressed in terms of scalar higher-dimensional integrals with generic indices. The approach allows to perform contractions with external momenta in a particularly efficient manner. This is due to the possibility to perform analytically the resulting sums over the indices of products of signed minors and scalar products of chords. Advantages of this approach for the calculation of cross sections are described. We are preparing the numerical package OLEC (\texttt{O}ne \texttt{L}oop \texttt{E}xternal \texttt{C}ontractions) with interfaces in Mathematica for algebraic and in C++ for numerical calculations. First numerical results are discussed.


Background The current standard of care during severe acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is based on low tidal volume (VT) ventilation, at 6 mL/kg of predicted body weight. The time-controlled adaptive ventilation (TCAV) is an alternative strategy, based on specific settings of the airway pressure release ventilation (APRV) mode. Briefly, TCAV reduces lung injury, including: (1) an improvement in alveolar recruitment and homogeneity; (2) reduction in alveolar and alveolar duct micro-strain and stress-risers. TCAV can result in higher intra-thoracic pressures and thus impair hemodynamics resulting from heart-lung interactions. The objective of our study was to compare hemodynamics between TCAV and conventional protective ventilation in a porcine ARDS model. Methods In 10 pigs (63–73 kg), lung injury was induced by repeated bronchial saline lavages followed by 2 h of injurious ventilation. The animals were then randomized into two groups: (1) Conventional protective ventilation with a VT of 6 mL/kg and PEEP adjusted to a plateau pressure set between 28 and 30 cmH2O; (2) TCAV group with P-high set between 27 and 29 cmH2O, P-low at 0 cmH2O, T-low adjusted to terminate at 75% of the expiratory flow peak, and T-high at 3–4 s, with I:E > 6:1. Results Both lung elastance and PaO2:FiO2 were consistent with severe ARDS after 2 h of injurious mechanical ventilation. There was no significant difference in systemic arterial blood pressure, pulmonary blood pressure or cardiac output between Conventional protective ventilation and TCAV. Levels of total PEEP were significantly higher in the TCAV group (p < 0.05). Driving pressure and lung elastance were significantly lower in the TCAV group (p < 0.05). Conclusion No hemodynamic adverse events were observed in the TCAV group compared as to the standard protective ventilation group in this swine ARDS model, and TCAV appeared to be beneficial to the respiratory system.


The hydrated shell of both Fe2+ and Fe3+ aqueous solutions are investigated by using the molecular dynamics (MD) and X-ray absorption structure (XAS) methods. The MD simulations show that the first hydrated shells of both Fe2+ and Fe3+ are characterized by a regular octahedron with an Fe-O distance ...


During the winter of 1991-92, "The Red Sun: New Choral Renditions of Songs in Praise of Mao Zedong," a rearrangement and recording of Cultural Revolution songs, was released on cassette tape and immediately became a nationwide best-seller. More than a million copies of the tape were sold in the space of a few months. Needless to say, CD, karaoke, and a laser disk version of this collection and other similar compilations were soon marketed. For those familiar with the near-ecstatic qualities of the original songs, the new versions are limp, mushy, and kitsch. As Xu Jilin points out, they reflect perfectly the tenor of the times. In the following roundtable discussion, a group of Shanghai academics and writers, known as active cultural critics, reflect on the significance of "The Red Sun" craze.


Scattering amplitudes have been extracted from (elastic scattering) neutron-alpha ({ital n}-{alpha}) differential cross sections below threshold using the constraint that the scattering function is unitary. Real phase shifts have been obtained therefrom. A modification to the Newton iteration method has been used to solve the nonlinear equation that specifies the phase of the scattering amplitude in terms of the complete (0 to 180{degree}) cross section since the condition for a unique and convergent solution by an exact iterated fixed point method, the {open_quote}{open_quote}Martin{close_quote}{close_quote} condition, is not satisfied. The results compare well with those found using standard optical model search procedures. Those optical model phase shifts, from both {ital n}-{alpha} and {ital p}-{alpha} (proton-alpha) calculations in which spin-orbit effects were included, were used in the second phase of this study, namely to determine the scattering potentials by inversion of that phase shift data. A modified Newton-Sabatier scheme to solve the inverse scattering problem has been used to obtain inversion potentials (both central and spin orbit) for nucleon energies in the range 1 to 24 MeV. The inversion interactions differ noticeably from the Woods-Saxon forms used to give the input phase shifts. Not only do those inversion potentials when used in Schr{umltmore » o}dinger equations reproduce the starting phase shifts but they are also very smooth, decay rapidly, and are as feasible as the optical model potentials of others to be the local form for interactions deduced by folding realistic two-nucleon {ital g} matrices with the density matrix elements of the {alpha} particle. {copyright} {ital 1996 The American Physical Society.}« less


Twelve cases of actinic graculoma (O'Brien) are reported. It is concluded that actinic granuloma is a specific disease characterized by clinical lesions indistinguishable from granuloma annulare, but occurring on solar damaged skin. Histologically, clastic tissue is destroyed by the granulomatous process in actinic granuloma. But not in granuloma annulare. It would appear that actinic granuloma, granuloma multiforme, necrobiosis lipoidica of the face and scalp (Wilson‐Jones) and Miescher's granuloma of the face (Mehregan and Altman) are the same desease.


The N tracer method and the benthic chamber technique were combined to evaluate NH4 exchanges at the sediment–water interface. This novel approach consists in measuring NH4 + fluxes during a single in situ incubation in a sample of water enclosed in a benthic chamber placed over the sediment and in a subsample thereof concomitantly incubated in a bottle. Using this combined approach, the influx and efflux of NH4 across the sediment–water interface can be simultaneously measured along with uptake and regeneration rates of NH4 in the water column. Details of the experimental protocol and principles behind the calculations of N transport rates are given. We applied this approach to a tropical reef on Reunion Island (Indian Ocean). Experiments were carried out in triplicate at three stations with organic-poor, sandy sediments. At the three stations, the mean flux of NH4 + from the water column to the sediment (29.6–59.2 μmol m−2 h−1) was much higher than the mean NH4 uptake rate by phytoplankton (3.0–4.0 μmol m−2 h−1) indicating that the removal of NH4 from the water column must be due, for the most part, to uptake by benthic microalgae in the study area. The mean flux of NH4 + from the sediment to the water column (6.7–13.7 μmol m−2 h−1) was comparable to the mean regeneration rate in the water (7.4–9.9 μmol m−2 h−1) suggesting that the sediment may constitute a significant N source for phytoplankton in the back-reef zone on Reunion Island.


A set of general open type numerical control system was designed,systematic hardware and software based on PC was introduced. The system could apply extensively in the lathe,milling machine and drilling machine etc.


This paper discusses the notion of severe exploitation in relation to production and social reproduction, and argues that the existence of huge "edge populations" subject to severe exploitation, mainly involving migrants, is a structural component of global economies, and thus requires primarily not a criminal law but rather a human rights and social justice response. "Edge populations" are targeted for severe exploitation because of intersectional vulnerabilities. A gender perspective implies an analysis of how intersectional factors impact differently women's, men's and LGBTIQ+ lives; this study is however mostly based on women's experiences of severe exploitation and related vulnerabilities. Three sectors prone to severe exploitation have been analyzed, in which weak regulations, and deprivation of rights expose migrants, especially migrants in irregular situations including migrant women, to various forms of severe exploitation. Through an analysis of domestic work, agriculture and the sex industry, this paper highlights that, although in different degrees, a combination of vulnerability and agency, of coercion and negotiation, exists in most cases of severe exploitation. The study suggests that a notion of "gender intersectional exploitation" should be further explored.


As part of the "Energiewende", the previously centralized power supply system is being replaced by a decentralized, volatile supply of renewable energies to the electricity grids, which shifts power supply from the transmission to the distribution grid level. The KIBOenergy research project is based on this approach, exemplifying the way in which regionalization of power supply at distribution grid level can be achieved so as to reduce exchanges of electricity between the transmission grid and the distribution grid. Grid expansion necessary within the "Energiewende" can thus be reduced and manmade carbon dioxide emissions can be curbed. This enhances acceptance of the "Energiewende" by the public.


The phenolic compounds extracted from Aster scaber were examined for their biological activities owing to their potential use in health and beauty food products. The phenolic content in water and 60% ethanol extracts were 11.1±0.11 and 4.18±0.05 mg/g, respectively. The DPPH radical scavenging activities of the water and ethanol extracts were 87% and 91% at 50 μg phenolics/mL, respectively. At the same phenolics concentration, the respective extracts showed 84% and 95% for ABTS radical decolorization activities and 95% and 97% for TBARs. The antioxidant protection factors for the water and ethanol extracts at 200 μg phenolics/mL were 1.87 and 2.22 PF, respectively. Enzyme inhibitory activities of the water and ethanol extracts (50 μg phenolics/mL) were 50.8% and 69.4% on angiotensin converting enzyme, 91% and 80% on xanthine oxidase, and 24% and 89% on α-amylase, respectively. The tyrosinase inhibitory activities indicating skin-whitening were 47% and 25% for the water and ethanol extracts, respectively. Anti-wrinkle effect of the water extract was relatively higher than that of the ethanol extract. These results suggest that the water and ethanol extracts of Aster scaber can be used as an ingredient in health and beauty food products.


Identification of critical source areas (CSAs) helps to reduce best management practices (BMPs) adoption cost to meet the desired level of water quality in a given watershed. We used Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) to identify critical source areas within the Saline Bayou Watershed (HUC 11140208), Louisiana. SWAT model was calibrated and validated for discharge and sediment pollution. We then followed up with MAPSHED to assess the effectiveness of implementing different best management practices to reduce nutrient and sediment pollution. Optimization results show that nutrient management and agricultural land retirement can reduce most of the phosphorus runoff in the watershed at the lowest cost. Results are robust to change in parameter sensitivity and alternative weather (dry, normal, and wet) scenarios.


The present invention relates to (1) 5 and 6 positions by 5-R 5 The present invention also provides a plant or a part thereof, or plant seeds or seedlings, comprising applying a fungicidally effective amount of such compositions, plant diseases caused by fungal plant pathogens also disclosed are methods of controlling powdery mildew is.


Pierre Dasen (b. 1942) is a pioneer in cross-cultural developmental psychology. He started his studies in developmental psychology at the University of Geneva, and after being an assistant to Jean Piaget from 1965 to 1967, he earned a Ph.D. in 1971 from the Australian National University, under the supervision of Gavin Seagrim.

Keywords:

cognitive development;
intelligence;
Piaget, Jean


Abstract To confront the lack of robust and accessible models predicting diesel truck fuel consumption, this study develops an Engine-based Correction Model (ECM) using a sample containing vehicle operation and road data from heavy-duty diesel trucks (HDTs) along an urban arterial in Sichuan Province, China. This model is compared with two popular methods, the VT-Micro model and the CMEM model, in terms of goodness-of-fit and out-of-sample prediction performance. The results show that the proposed ECM models explain on average 89.7% of the variation in fuel consumption across the four modes and produce the smallest error, measured by MAPE and RMSE, for predicting each mode. Specifically, the MAPE values of the new ECM models are 7.95% to 25.59% lower than those of the VT-Micro models and 5.74% to 13.27% lower than the CMEM models. The improvement of RMSE values ranges from 0.1780 to 2.0940 cc/s and from 0.0171 to 0.7259 cc/s, compared to the VT-Micro model and CMEM model, respectively. In sum, the new ECM outperforms the other two existing models in both goodness-of-fit and predictive power across all modes. The enhanced performance of ECM can be attributed to the correction component and a model-building process powered by the simulated annealing (SA) algorithm that reliably and quickly weed out ineffective model forms. The results can inform driver training to foster energy-efficient driving behavior and assess the impact on fuel consumption of roadway design policies.


The Asia-Pacific Centre of Education for International Understanding (APCEIU) has been an influential catalyst in driving momentum around global citizenship education and establishing it as a priority of the global education agenda. Formed in 2000 as a Category II institute under the auspices of UNESCO, APCEIU promotes education for international understanding and global citizenship education by working in close collaboration with UNESCO Offices, National Commissions of Member States, related educational institutes, and civil society, both in the Asia-Pacific region and globally.


We propose a theory for the appearance of two-phase structures during the formation of polymer membranes from a casting solution immersed in a coagulant bath. Our model is based on diffusion induced phase separation at the spinodal in the ternary nonsolvent-solvent-polymer system. A simplified treatment of the interdiffusion process by the diffusion layer method permits the formulation of criteria for the formation of two-phase structures in the course of the solvent-coagulant exchange. Our criteria are expressed in terms of the composition dependence of the chemical potentials in the stable and metastable region of the ternary phase diagram. Comparison with experimental results shows qualitative similarities with theoretical predictions.


This paper describes several case studies where students generated innovative solutions using a systematic problem solving methodology. The approach is based on The EightDimensional Methodology for Innovative Thinking that stimulates innovation by effectively using both sides of the brain. It is a unified approach that builds on comprehensive problem solving knowledge from industry, business, marketing, math, science, engineering, technology, and daily life. The different dimensions, namely Uniqueness, Dimensionality, Directionality, Consolidation, Segmentation, Modification, Similarity, and Experimentation provide leaders, managers, and other problem solvers with new insights and thinking strategies to solve everyday problems they face in the workplace. Problems are not constrained to a particular profession or subject, and may be used by individuals and teams. It is easy to teach, learn and use the methodology.


TOPO, tri-n-octylphosphine oxide, as a neutral extractant was impregnated to the hydrophobic group of the polymer chain grafted onto a porous hollow-fiber membrane for an efficient metal-ion collection. A diol group, i.e., adjacent hydroxyl group, was introduced into poly-glycidyl methacrylate (GMA) chain grafted onto the porous hollow-fiber membrane via the epoxy-ring-opening reaction with water, followed by a reaction of the remaining epoxy group with octadecanethiol (C18H37SH) to form an octadecanethiol group. The diol group reduced the amount of TOPO coagulated on the graft chain, whereas the interaction of the octadecanethiol group of the graft chain with the hydrophobic part of TOPO enabled the impregnation of TOPO to the graft chain. A 1 mmol-Bi/L bismuth chloride solution was forced to permeate through the pores of the TOPO-impregnated porous hollow-fiber membrane with a density of TOPO impregnated of 1.3 mol/kg of the GMA-grafted porous hollow-fiber membrane and the pure water flux of 0.7 m/h at 0.1 MPa and 298 K. The equilibrium binding capacity of the membrane for bismuth ions was 0.22 mol/kg of the TOPO-impregnated porous hollow-fiber membrane, which was equivalent to a binding ratio of bismuth ion to impregnated TOPO of 1.0.


Luminescence investigations of ZnO films covered by Ag films using different pumping sources revealed that influence of Ag films on the intensity of ZnO films luminescence depends on excitation conditions and Ag covering quality.


The present study describes the institutional learning assessment plan at the Universidad Europea de Madrid. It describes the development and assessment model for course learning outcomes. The plan aims to promote a culture of systematic acquisition assessment of student learning outcomes. This favours the continuous improvement of the teaching-learning process. A backward curriculum design model is applied to 1,652 courses. Learning outcomes, training activities, and the evaluation system are triangulated. Based on the results of the plan's implementation, it is emphasized that the institutionalization of a learning assessment plan contributes to foster assessment culture and to improve higher education institutions. It is concluded that the plan's approach presented here allows assessing student-learning outcomes systematically.


The system engineering of exploitation of low-grade ore and high-grade ore simultaneously is a wide economic behavior.For this purpose,shadow price of macro-control type which is higher than the market price of a particular mineral products and controlled grade indicators should be derived under the unified scheme,so that on the premise of reasonably meeting the long-term needs of society and ensuring the balance between income and expenditure of all the mines,we can relax the lower bound of lean ore to the utmost.The whole system engineering extends gradually from one mine to the whole.


Purpose – This paper aims to describe the findings of interviews based on a questionnaire and a focus group discussion (conducted in 2011) with three Black women employees who were part of a 2006 study, which canvassed 176 employees and employers, in which carpentry was found to be considered the most accessible and appropriate skills area for women, and chronicles their development and assessment of current employment for women in construction. Design/methodology/approach – The focus group was made up of the women from the 2006 study still in the same employment or better positions in the same company Neil Muller Construction (NMC) after five years. Women from NMC, in particular, were selected because the company has been considered a best practice example and therefore would provide an interesting context in terms of the issues around retention of women and potentially a model for the industry. Foci are female representation, barriers, conditions, skills acquisition and employers' attitudes to family re...


We analyze basic properties of about 6000 Lyman- α absorbers observed in high resolution spectra of 19 quasars. We compare their observed characteristics with predictions of our model of formation and evolution of absorbers and dark matter (DM) pancakes and voids based on the Zel'dovich theory of gravitational instability. This model as-serts that absorbers are formed in the course of both linear and non linear adiabatic and shock compression of DM and gaseous matter. Our model is consistent with simulations of structure formation, describes reasonably well the Large Scale Structure (LSS) observed in the distribution of galaxies at small redshifts and emphasizes the generic similarity of the process of formation of LSS and absorbers. Using this model we are able to link the column density and overdensity of DM and gaseous component with the observed column density of neutral hydrogen, redshifts and Doppler parameters of absorbers. We show that the colder absorbers are associated with rapidly expanded underdense regions of galactic scale. We extend the method of measuring the power spectrum of initial perturbations proposed in Demia´nski & Doroshkevich (2003b). The observed separations between absorbers and their DM column density are linked with the correlation function of the initial velocity field. Applying this method to our sample of absorbers we recover the CDM like power spectrum at scales 10 h − 1 ≥ D ≥ 0 . 15 h − 1 Mpc with a precision of ∼ 15%. However at scales ∼ 3 − 150 h − 1 kpc the measured and CDM–like spectra are different. This result suggests a possible complex inflation with generation of excess power at small scales. Both confirmation of the CDM–like shape of the initial power spectrum or detection of its distortions at small scales are equally important for the widely discussed problems of physics of the early Universe, galaxy formation, and reheating of the Universe.


work by both union and non-union actors. The editors conclude the volume by calling for collective action and seeking to stimulate debate on the character of a social movement that has the potential to be a social force to reverse the rise of precarious work and provide greater economic security. Such a movement needs to link trade unions to movements beyond the workplace and to political parties so as to provide precarious workers with the power resources to mobilize and protect their interests. The ethnographies in this volume offer helpful insights as to some of the challenges facing workers and their opportunities to challenge precarious work. Arne L. Kalleberg University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill


Seeds endophytes, particularly the abundant, core and vertically transmitted species, are major areas of focus in the host microbiome studies. Apart from being the first members to colonize, they accompany the plant throughout its development stages and also to the next generation. In a recently published study from china, a Xanthomonas species was reported as the keystone species that is core endophyte and vertically transmitted in rice with probiotic properties. However, the species status was wrongly reported as X. sacchari. Such report is misleading as Xanthomonas sacchari is a well-known and pathogenic species of sugarcane, and the study did not include the two-probiotic non-pathogenic Xanthomonas species from rice seeds, Xanthomonas sontii and Xanthomonas indica, that were discovered and investigated in details by our group, leading to the wrong inference. By including these species, we have correctly established the phylogenetic and taxonomic identity of keystone species as Xanthomonas sontii, a non-pathogen with plant protective functions. The course correction will enable researchers to use the correct reference or lab strain of X. sontii for further fundamental studies and translational research towards future agriculture.


Abstract : The Joint Logistics Commanders (JLC) purpose is to resolve common concerns and, where possible, to achieve efficiencies by combining efforts. The day-to-day activities of the JLC are carried out by joint panels and groups. One such group is the Joint Technical Coordinating Group on Simulators and Training Devices (JTCG-STD). Its purposes is to identify opportunities to coordinate or consolidate programs in research and development, acquisition, and operation and support of training devices and to implement plans to reduce te cost and/or increase the effectiveness of military simulators and training devices. The purpose of this paper is to familiarize the training equipment community with the group that has evolved from those early efforts and to solicit ideas on how the services can improve training effectiveness through interservice cooperation.


In the Latin American context there are few regions which defy the commonly accepted idea of dependent development and the late start of the process of industrial growth following the great crisis of 1929. Among these few, Northeastern Mexico, with its industrial capital Monterrey, appears to offer the best example of a large industrial spurt occurring towards the end of the nineteenth century. During the two decades from 1890 to 1910 important industrial complexes, basically metallurgic and siderurgic factories, began to operate in this region, creating an impressive network of related activities and making possible considerable growth in the local demand for both consumption goods and semi-manufactured items. The statistics on industrial production reveal the importance of the process: during the years 1897,1898 and 1899 the metallurgic sector in Nuevo León produced goods worth 50,847,178 pesos. This represented 23.5% of total Mexican production, making it the most important state in the nation. By 1902, Nuevo León was also in first place as far as total industrial production was concerned, accounting for 13.5% of the national production.


Photometric and kinematic observations of the peculiar S0 galaxy IC 4767, the X-galaxy, are presented. At various intensities the bulge of this galaxy looks like a normal spheroidal system with elliptical isophotes, a well-defined rectangle, and a peanut-shaped or X-shaped structure with components aligned at oblique angles to the major axis. The observations reveal a rapidly rotating inner disk of gas and dust which is nearly aligned with the major axis. The presence of gaseous emission alone suggests an accretion event. The stars in the outer regions of the X-component are rotating nearly as rapidly as the gas in the main disk, indicating that they are in relatively circular orbits. The five most prominent peanut-shaped bulges all have several nearby companions, evidence that the peanut deformity is due to interaction between galaxies. An analogy with the formation mechanism proposed for polar-ring galaxies suggests how an X-shaped component could develop from the accretion of gaseous material during an inclined encounter. 29 references.


The scalar field-perfect fluid (sf-pf) correspondence shows that the energy-momentum tensor of a scalar field is in correspondence with the dynamics of a perfect fluid. In this work we generalize this concept to study the higher-derivative structure of Double Field Theory with statistical matter. Using the generalized Bergshoeff-de Roo identification we find nontrivial higher-derivative corrections for the generalized scalar field Lagrangian. However, these contributions are removed to any desired order using field redefinitions at the supergravity level. By virtue of the generalized sf-pf correspondence we obtain the higher-derivative dynamics for the perfect fluid in the double geometry, which is also trivialized at the supergravity level. These results imply that the well-known $\alpha'$-corrections obtained by this procedure only correct the effective vacuum Lagrangian, while the sf-pf Lagrangian coupled to the supergravity background remains uncorrected to all orders. Our findings apply for a general (Bosonic-Heterotic-Type II-HSZ) supergravity background.


This research aims to analyze the dynamics and criteria in the construction of the musical discourse in three Ecuadorian television programs. It seeks to investigate changes and permanences regarding the way music is used in such journalistic magazines, as well as explain how music can be used as a narrative tool for journalism and to understand the importance of musicalization in television reports. In addition, we will analyze the television language, ie the convergent relationship of the use of image, word and music in audiovisual reports.


A novel [2]rotaxane ligand has been prepared that contains a bidentate N,N'-chelate as part of a rigid, H-shaped axle and a 24-membered crown ether macrocycle containing six ether O-atoms and a trans olefinic group as the wheel. This unique interlocked connectivity allows access to a number of different donor sets, which are shown to be capable of binding AgI metal ions.


The Issues4Life Foundation, for example, is a faith-based organization that targets and works with African-American leaders toward achieving the goal of "zero African-American lives lost to abortion or biotechnology." In April, Issues4Life wrote to the Congressional Black Caucus to denounce Planned Parenthood Federation of America (PPFA) and its "racist and eugenic goals."The group blamed PPFA and abortion providers in general for the high abortion rate in the African-American community—deeming the situation the "Da[r]fur of America"—and called on Congress to withdraw federal family planning funds from all PPFA affiliates.


Eighteen immature fetal goats were exteriorized by hysterotomy with the placental circulation intact. The trachea was canulated, and 5ml of fetal lung liquid removed. No pulmonary surfactant was detectable in lung liquid or amniotic fluid in any animal by the bubble stability test (BST). Animals were ventilated with O2 for 1 hour at a tidal volume of 9 ml/kg (range 6-11), a rate of 20/min, an end expiratory pressure of 0. At 1 hour carotid blood gases were sampled, residual lung fluid was sampled, the animals sacrificed and static pressure volume measured in situ with the thorax open. Results are grouped by BST results on residual lung liquid at 1 hour of age.All values are mean (range). All means different p .05. Pulmonary surfactant, undetectable in lung fluid before ventilation, was released in all but the most immature animals. Efficiency of ventilation, oxygenation, and development of FRC were related to the amount of surfactant present. Ventilation dependent release of surfactant would explain the initial compensation of immature infants who develop progressive respiratory failure after a few hours.


In network environment,the study of library science and its corresponding method is a"theoretical subject" in need of urgent attention and discussion.This paper gives explanation and analysis in the following aspects: the object, task, principle,category and process of library science study,and the future development,resource of question for discussion,choice of methodology and the practice of it as well.


We focus on the problem of algorithmically finding a near-optimal solution for the (random) number partitioning problem (NPP), a problem that is of great practical and theoretical significance. The NPP possesses a striking gap between the existential and best algorithmic guarantee: when its input has i.i.d. standard Gaussian entries, the optimal value of NPP is $\Theta \left( {\sqrt n {2^{ - n}}} \right)$ (w.h.p.); whereas the best polynomial-time algorithm achieves an exponentially worse value of only ${2^{ - \Theta \left( {{{\log }^2}n} \right)}}$ (w.h.p.). In this paper, we inquire into the origin of this gap by studying the landscape of the NPP through the lens of statistical physics and establish the presence of the Overlap Gap Property (OGP), a topological barrier for large classes of algorithms. We then leverage the OGP to establish that (a) sufficiently stable algorithms fail to find a near-optimal solution with value below $\left. {{2^{ - \omega (n\log - 1/5}}n} \right)$; and (b) a very natural Monte Carlo Markov Chain dynamics mixes slowly. A technical innovation of our paper is that we consider the overlap structure of m–tuples of near- optimal solutions where m itself grows in n. Our hardness result for stable algorithms is based on a Ramsey-theoretic argument from extremal combinatorics. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first usage of Ramsey Theory to show algorithmic hardness.


Long before the current vogue for acknowledging contexts and contextualisation processes in the research process, Johannisson's pioneering scholarship provoked different conceptual and methodological experimentations that were oriented to context. Bengt's unceasing curiosity for understanding how particular localities, communities, networks, industrial districts, regions and families produce embed and enact entrepreneurial activities is a testament to his belief in the importance of the 'organising context' for entrepreneurship. In this study, I discuss how Bengt's theoretical and methodological sensitivity to context has provided a strong legacy for the entrepreneurship field, not least because it has opened up possibilities for innovative research methodologies that locate the researcher as situated actor but also because it emphasises participative and relational forms of entrepreneurial action that reshape or transform self-other boundaries.


The existed problems in fundamental chemistry experimental center of Hebei University of Science and Technology, a local key university, are analyzed and discussed in this paper. These problems include instability of laboratory personnel and unreasonable experimental contents, which limits the development of experimental center and the training of undergraduates. To stabilize laboratory personnel, improve the quality of experimental teaching, motivate the students' enthusiasm on experiments, we can enhance the students' innovation ability, and finally train excellent innovative talents for society. Some measurements, such as reformation of management system, introduction of talents, strengthening of the extra-curricular activities in science and technology, and optimization of the experiment teaching content, have been proposed. This work may provide references for the construction of other local universities.


In our present study, we approach a linear theory for the thermoelasticity of type III for Cosserat media. At the beginning we introduce the equations and conditions, specific for a mixed problem in this context, namely the motion and energy equations, the initial condition and boundary relations. After that, we establish two results regarding the solution unique to the problem and two results on the continuous dependence of solutions, for the same mixed problem. Both problems that we address in our paper (uniqueness and continuous dependence) are not based on the material symmetries of the medium. Moreover, our results concern the theory of type III thermoelasticity for Cosserat media in their most general form, namely anisotropic.


Nanoparticles of copper oxide (CuO) were achieved via thermal treatment for Cu(II) organometallic complex at calcination temperature up to 650°C. CuO nanoparticles that synthesized were elucidated by different spectroscopic techniques such as X-ray diffraction, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. CuO nanoparticles were accepted by scanning electron microscopy analysis as its average diameter was from 15 to 20 nm nanoparticles, and N2 adsorption–desorption as the Brunauer–Emmett–Teller surface area was originated to be 42.674 m2 g–1. Studying the adsorption of acid red 57 (AR57) onto CuO nanoparticles from aqueous, to evaluate the influence of pH, initial dye concentration, dosage, temperature, and contact time. Practical results clarified that the adsorption potential of CuO for AR57 was improved in acidic instead of basic solutions. The kinetics and equilibrium adsorption data were analyzed using the common adsorption models. These outcomes detect that Langmuir isotherm fits with the practical data obtained by a good level. The dye uptake process followed the pseudo-second-order rate expression. The activation energy of adsorption was also evaluated and found to be 30.94 kJ mol−1, indicating that the adsorption is chemisorption. Various thermodynamic limits, such as ΔG, ΔH, and ΔS were determined at various temperatures using adsorption equilibrium constants obtained from the Langmuir isotherm. Thermodynamics of adsorption detect the endothermic and spontaneous nature of such process.


Aim:
 Primary Central Nervous System Lymphoma (PCNSL) [i.e. diffuse large B-cell lymphoma of the CNS] is a rare and poor-prognosis disease occurring predominantly in older patients (median age >60 years old). Prospective studies of two commonly used chemoimmunotherapy (CIT) protocols, MATRix and MPV/Ara-C (± rituximab), have reported 2-year PFS and OS of 57-61% and 69-81% respectively. Our aim was to evaluate registry-reported outcomes of frontline CIT strategies employed at Australasian sites.
 Method:
 A retrospective study of consecutive, immunocompetent, adult PCNSL patients (WHO criteria: 2017) treated with curative-intent CIT, from 10 sites (9 Australian, 1 Singaporean) between 1 st January 2009 and 31 st December 2018 (i.e. ten-year period). Overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) were calculated using the Kaplan-Meier (log-rank) method. Univariate associations were derived using a Cox model with variables p<0.10 entered stepwise into a multivariate model.
 Results:
 Data was collected on 207 patients, 189 of whom met WHO diagnostic criteria for PCNSL (i.e. diffuse large B-cell lymphoma of the CNS). We excluded patients with insufficient data (6), non-DLBCL histology (6), secondary PCNSL (3) and post-transplant lymphoproliferative disorder (3). Of these, 176 (93%) received curative-intent CIT. The majority (66%) were over 65 years of age (median: 65, range: 25-87); ECOG performance status was ≥ 2 in 31% (data not available for 14% of patients). The majority were male (55%) and had deep structure involvement (64%). International Extranodal Lymphoma Study Group (IELSG) risk criteria could not be calculated in many patients due to missing data (predominantly LDH and CSF protein). CSF involvement was rare (n=23, 13%) but data was only available for 60% of patients. Of the 159 with documented renal function, 26% had renal impairment (defined as Cockroft-Gault creatinine clearance <60ml/min or eGFR <90ml/min).
 Five CIT regimens were used: MATRix (n=16), MPV/Ara-C + rituximab (Rtx) (n=94), MBVP+- Rtx (n=11), MTX +-Rtx (n=31) and MTX/Ara-C +- Rtx (n=24). Intrathecal chemotherapy was used in only 29 patients (16%), and almost exclusively in combination with R-MPV. Median cumulative MTX dose was 17,500mg/m 2 (range: 1,000-64,000mg/m 2) and 69% received Ara-C (median dose: 12,000mg/m 2 [range: 1,000-44,000mg/m 2]). Eighty percent of patients achieved an overall response at the end of MTX therapy, with 52% achieving a complete response [data unavailable in n=29, 16%]. Estimated 2-year PFS and OS for the entire cohort were 54% (95%CI: 0.46-0.62) and 77% (95%CI: 0.70-0.83) respectively at a median follow-up of 2 years. Older patients (>60yo) had shorter PFS but similar OS compared to their younger counterparts (2-year PFS: 47% vs 68%, p: 0.015, HR: 1.73, 95%CI: 1.11-2.70; 2-year OS: 74% vs 80%, p: 0.145, HR: 1.38, 95%CI: 0.81-2.33). R-MPV achieved superior PFS compared to MATRix although comparison was limited by low numbers in the MATRix cohort (n=16 vs n=94), likely reflective of the census period [2-year PFS: 74% vs 44% p: 0.025, HR 0.41, 95%CI 0.13-1.28]. Neither WBRT (n=57, 32%) nor ASCT (n=13, 7%) conferred a survival advantage but addition of rituximab (n=153, 87%) was associated with improved PFS (p: 0.007, HR: 0.47, 95%CI: 0.19-0.75). On multivariate analysis, type of induction CIT (p: 0.004, HR: 1.42, 95%CI: 1.23-1.42), cumulative MTX dose (p: 0.022, HR: 0.88, 95%CI: 0.83-0.94) and cumulative Ara-C dose (p: 0.016, HR: 0.76, 95%CI: 0.64-0.87) were associated with improved PFS. Cumulative MTX dose (p: 0.02, HR: 0.85, 95%CI: 0.78-0.92) and cumulative Ara-C dose (p: 0.007, HR: 0.67, 95%CI: 0.51-082) were also associated with improved OS.
 Conclusion:
 Registry-reported outcomes of contemporary CIT induction for PCNSL are favourable when compared to published trials and historical regimens. PCNSL with contemporary treatment should no longer be considered an invariably poor-prognostic disease. Data supports recent literature highlighting prognostic significance associated with maintenance of chemotherapy dose intensity (Martinez-Calle et al., Br J Haematol. 2020 Aug; 190(3):394-404. doi. 10.1111/bjh.16592).
 Figure 1 Figure 1.

 Lewis: AstraZeneca: Consultancy, Honoraria; Janssen: Honoraria, Patents & Royalties: Conference attendance; Novartis: Patents & Royalties: Conference attendance; Roche: Consultancy, Honoraria. Gunjur: Myers Squibb: Honoraria. Ku: Roche: Consultancy; Antegene: Consultancy; Genor Biopharma: Consultancy. Wight: Jannsen: Honoraria, Other: Travel subsidies; Abbvie: Honoraria, Other: Travel subsidies. Shortt: Amgen: Research Funding; Astex: Research Funding; BMS: Research Funding; Novartis: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Astellas: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees. Talaulikar: Roche: Honoraria, Research Funding; Jansenn: Honoraria, Research Funding; Amgen: Honoraria, Research Funding; Takeda: Honoraria, Research Funding; EUSA Pharma: Honoraria, Research Funding. Hawkes: Gilead: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Roche: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Other: Travel and accommodation expenses, Research Funding, Speakers Bureau; Regeneron: Speakers Bureau; Novartis: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Merck Sharpe Dohme: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Janssen: Speakers Bureau; Astra Zeneca: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Research Funding, Speakers Bureau; Merck KgA: Research Funding; Bristol Myers Squib/Celgene: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Research Funding; Specialised Therapeutics: Consultancy; Antigene: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees. Cheah: MSD: Consultancy, Honoraria, Other: advisory, Research Funding; Janssen: Consultancy, Honoraria, Other: advisory; TG Therapeutics: Consultancy, Honoraria, Other: advisory; Roche: Consultancy, Honoraria, Other: advisory and travel expenses, Research Funding; Loxo/Lilly: Consultancy, Honoraria, Other: advisory; AstraZeneca: Consultancy, Honoraria, Other: advisory; Celgene: Research Funding; AbbVie: Research Funding; Beigene: Consultancy, Honoraria, Other: advisory; Ascentage pharma: Consultancy, Honoraria, Other: advisory; Gilead: Consultancy, Honoraria, Other: advisory. Opat: Merck: Honoraria, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Abbvie: Consultancy, Honoraria, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Research Funding; Astra Zeneca: Consultancy, Honoraria, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Research Funding; Janssen: Consultancy, Honoraria, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Research Funding; Roche: Consultancy, Honoraria, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Research Funding; BeiGene: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Research Funding; Gilead: Honoraria, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Research Funding; Pharmacyclics: Research Funding; Sandoz: Research Funding; Takeda: Honoraria, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Research Funding; Celgene: Honoraria, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; CSL Behring: Honoraria, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Monash Health: Current Employment. Gregory: Roche: Honoraria, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Other: Travel fees, Speakers Bureau; Janssen: Consultancy; Novartis: Consultancy.


Within this scientific writing, entitled Analysis of Consumer Satisfaction Of Service On Figuring Coconet At Salemba Jakarta. The author would like to know for sure whether consumers were satisfied with the services provided or not. The analysis method is the method of Chi Square and Likerts Summated Rating (LSR). In writing this scholarly writer distributing questionnaires to 50 respondents. By using the Chi Square method, where the results obtained from the calculation of X Compute (43.5156)> X Table (21.02606) then Reject Ho, thank Ha means customers are satisfied with the service at figuring Coconet, besides the results of calculations using the LSR method obtained a value of 1869, which lies between the median and quartile III (1500 means quite successful or satisfied


A strain of inhibition to many kinds of plant pathogenic fungi,named BS-3,was isolated from soils.The strain had quite strong fungistatic activities on plant pathogenic fungi such as rice sheath blight,rice blast.It had 100% homologous to Bacillus licheniformis,Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus amyloliquefaciens by 16S rDNA sequences BLAST analysis plus the results of morphological and biochemical parameters.It was confirmed as a strain of Bacillus licheniformis.Using rice sheath blight fungus Thanatephorus cucumeris as the indicator bacteria,inhibition zone method was chosen to detect antifungal activity of fermentation product belong to the strain BS-3.The results showed that the fermentation liquor after the treatment of centrifuging and 50% saturated ammonium sulfate had quite strong fungistatic activities.In addition,the antifungal substances had strong thermostability.


A bidirectional ZVS DC-DC converter with active clamp topology is proposed. The proposed converter is based on the forward converter with center-tapped rectifier at the transformer secondary side. Active clamp topology is used in the forward converter to achieve ZVS feature of power switches and to regulate the output voltage at the desired value. The proposed converter has the advantages of high efficiency and simple circuit configuration. The operating principle, system analysis and design example are described and discussed in detail. Finally, the experimental results of the proposed converter are provided to verify the theoretical analysis.


ABSTRACT Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) composites filled with glass fibre (GF) and graphite were prepared by internal mixer and moulded using compression mould to produce test samples. A high-speed mixer was selected to simulate uneven mixing and excessive mixing conditions by controlling different mixing time. The work studied the mixing process's influence on the mechanical and tribological properties of PTFE composites and investigated the state of glass fibres on the unworn/ worn composite surface with SEM characterisation. The results revealed that the mechanical and tribological properties of composites were associated with the mixing process. For the non-uniform mixing of composite materials, glass-fibre particles fell off the matrix earlier, hindering glass fibre particles in bearing the matrix load. Moreover, excessive mixing increased mixing temperature, the matrix material softened due to overheating, which caused the adhesive wear between the steel ring and PTFE composites. It increased the volume wear rate of composite materials.


Intracellular diffusion properties of water in F98 glioma cells immobilized in basement membrane gel threads, are investigated with a pulsed‐field‐gradient spin‐echo NMR technique at diffusion times from 6 to 2000 ms and at different temperatures. In extended model calculations the concept of 'restricted intracellular diffusion at permeable boundaries' is described by a combined Tanner–Kärger formula. Signal components in a series of ct experiments (constant diffusion time) are separated due to different diffusion properties (Gaussian and restricted diffusion), and physiological as well as morphological cell parameters are extracted from the experimental data. The intracellular apparent diffusion coefficients strongly depend on the diffusion time and are up to two orders of magnitude smaller than the self diffusion constant of water. Propagation lengths are found to be in the range of 4–7 μm. Hereby intracellular signals of compartments with a characteristic diameter could be selected by an appropriate gradient strength. With cg experiments (constant gradient) a mean intracellular residence time for water is determined to be about 50 ms, and the intrinsic intracellular diffusion constant is estimated to 1 × 10−3  mm2 /s. Studying the water diffusion in glial cells provides basic understanding of the intracellular situation in brain tissue and may elucidate possible influences on the changes in the diffusion contrast during ischemic conditions. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.


A structure of a self-tuning time optimal control system which achieves a good and fast adaptation by using a reference model and a sensitivity model is described. A procedure of determining the time optimal control algorithm parameters by using the reference model and the sensitivity model is elaborated. A way of including unmodelled dynamics is proposed. Simulation results indicate that the proposed structure provides very good adaptation to variations of system parameters within only two to three stepwise changes of the referent input.


Recent research has been devoted and focused on detecting pedestrians and vehicles in intelligent vehicles except for vulnerable road users (VRUs). Histogram of Oriented Gradients (HOGs) descriptor is one of the state-of-art methods which have been shown to significantly outperform the existing feature set for several objects detection. In this paper we present a method for two-wheelers detection based on the periodicity of the size of spatial regions; cells and blocks. Contrary to concatenating feature vectors using a dense grid of HOG, proposed algorithm storage extracted feature vectors according to the period in each step. Experimental results show that the new approach gives higher detection accuracy than that of the conventional method.


This article examines Finnish pupils' views of religious education (RE) in a pluralistic educational context. The focus is on pupils' views of the aims and different approaches to RE in a multi-faith school. The study utilised a mixed method approach, combining quantitative and qualitative data. It employed a survey (n=1301) and interviews (n=38) of pupils from grade levels 3, 6, and 9 (age groups 9–10, 12–13, 15–16) in Finnish comprehensive schools located in Helsinki and Pori. This article focuses on the data sets from the sixth and ninth grades. Besides the overall description of the pupils' views, the influence of gender, age group and the place or residence were examined. Many differences were found between the genders, age groups and between the pupils living in the more diverse capital city and those growing up in a smaller and less diverse town context. In presenting the findings, statistical analyses are presented together with some interview extracts.


Imprisonment is the most common way of punishment in current era for various crimes. Imprisonment is also used as tool for custody of accused during trial. In various crimes, and other issues very first step is made to eliminate the freedom of a person, though in some cases the accused released from jail after some time. Due to this eliminating of freedom different rights of accused impaired like religious and educational rights. In Islamic teachings these rights should be provided during imprisonment so that when the prisoner leaves the prison, he can become a useful member of society. These rights not only written in Pakistan prison rules but also written in united nations standard minimum rules for prisoners. But the fact is that after releasing from the prison the person behavior shows no improvement and the objectives of such rights cannot be witness in society. That why the need was felt to surveyed in prison. In this article the analytical study is presented which addressed that in jails of south Punjab to which extant religious and educational rights are providing to the prisoners. So, they contribute in society after getting their freedom.


ABSTRACT Microporous hollow fiber membranes were used with a water-soluble chelating) polymer (polyacrylic acid) to recover and concentrate metal ions [copper(H)] from a solution. The polymer (chelator) solution was pumped through the bore of the fibers which was immersed in the metal ions solution. In this process the metal ions diffuse through the fiber porous space into the bore side and react with the chelator passing in the bore of the fiber. The transient change in concentration of metal ions at the outlet of the fiber were measured. The experimental data were well fitted by a one-dimensional convection equation which was derived with relatively simple assumptions and a steady-state theory, and reasonable values for the dispersion coefficient and an overall mass transfer coefficient were obtained.


Headache is frequently reported as one of the neurological manifestations of essential thrombocythaemia (ET) and other myeloproliferative neoplasms. It is associated with considerable morbidity; yet, it is a frequently under‐recognised symptom. In patients with ET, headaches may be attributable to the disease, to the prescribed ET treatment, or unrelated to ET. The majority of headaches in ET are self‐limiting and can be managed with standard headache therapies such as paracetamol, but it is vital that the clinician managing these conditions is able to recognise the headaches with a more sinister pathology.


The transport of streaming media data over TCP is hindered by TCP's probing behavior that results in the rapid reduction and slow recovery of the packet rates. On the other side, UDP has been criticized for being unfair against TCP connections, and it is therefore often blocked out in the access networks. In this paper, we try to benefit from a combined approach using a proxy that transparently performs transport protocol translation. We translate HTTP requests by the client transparently into RTSP requests, and translate the corresponding RTP/UDP/AVP stream into the corresponding HTTP response. This enables the server to use UDP on the server side and TCP on the client side. This is beneficial for the server side that scales to a higher load when it doesn't have to deal with TCP. On the client side, streaming over TCP has the advantage that connections can be established from the client side, and data streams are passed through firewalls. Preliminary tests demonstrate that our protocol translation delivers a smoother stream compared to HTTP-streaming where the TCP bandwidth oscillates heavily.


When the physical and psychological wall separating East from West crumbled in 1989, the West preferred and encouraged the substitution of free enterprise. The wall's disappearance left a fertile playground for legitimate, as well as illegitimate, business.


Since the COVID-19 pandemic, chest computed tomography has become a common practice, with the liver and spleen being studied in addition to the lungs and heart. Unfortunately, radiologists often do not have the time to assess the density of the liver's structure, as their attention is primarily on the chest organs such as the lungs, heart, and blood vessels in the thorax. To address this issue, a solution could be the development of a tool that uses machine learning technologies and statistical methods to identify organs and their relationships to diagnose diffuse hepatic steatosis on chest computed tomography scans. Based on an open dataset, various methods of statistical and regression analysis were used, and diagnostic tests were obtained with more than 95% accuracy.


So many instances of Darier's disease have been recorded in the past thirty years that the mere recital of the symptomatology and description of the histopathologic changes in new cases ceases to be of more than passing interest. All the literature relative to the disease throws not one ray of light on the obscure problem of its etiology; the entire question of causation is as much of an enigma today as it was between 1889 and 1891, when J. C. White, Morrow, Darrier and Thibault published reports of their cases. Referring to its etiology, Jadassohn said that in his opinion the disease belongs in the group of congenital anomalies of cornification, and that it may occur in combination with various anomalies in the same individual, or may occur in the same family. In 1916, Boeck, in demonstrating some patients before the dermatologic congress in Christiania, stated that these individuals are


Summary 1. Cortisone is ineffective in preventing HN2-induced leukopenia in rabbits. On the contrary, cortisone induces a greater leukopenia as a result of increased lymphopenia. 2. Administration of cortisone to rabbits receiving L-cysteine prior to HN2 administration results in a more severe leukopenia and neutropenia than administration of L-cysteine and HN2 alone. 3. The combined use of cortisone and HN2 therapeutically may induce a dangerous depression of hematopoietic tissue.


Latent interaction modeling (LIM) explicitly accounts for measurement errors. Two popular LIM methods, the unconstrained product indicator (UPI; Marsh et al., 2004) and the latent moderated structural equation modeling (LMS; Klein & Moosbrugger, 2000), have performed well regarding interaction effect estimates with normal and nonnormal latent predictors. Under both methods, one needs to specify measurement models for the factors. Including every item in the measurement models for all the factors incorporates all the available information, while complicating LIM especially when the number of items on a scale is not small (e.g., 9). Parceling provides a solution to reduce model complexity by grouping subsets of items and has been proved effective on structural parameter estimation under unidimensional scales (e.g., Sterba & MacCallum, 2010). Recent studies have considered parceling for constructing product indicators under UPI, applying a sole purposive parceling strategy (e.g., Jackman et al., 2011). However, extensions are needed in order to generalize their findings to ordinal items with various item distributions. Furthermore, it remains unknown whether purposive parceling is necessary given the extra burden in the middle steps of evaluating individual items. The current study evaluated UPI and LMS via Monte Carlo simulations when parcels are used as measurement indicators. We specifically considered the common scenario with ordinal items. Figure 1 shows the population model for data generation. The manipulated factors included the following: interaction effect (c3 : 0; .3), item loadings (K 0 : [.61 .61 .61 .61 .61 .61 .61 .61 .61]; [.8 .6 .4 .8 .6 .4 .8 .6 .4]), number of response categories (k: 2; 5; 7), combination of item distributions across factors (all symmetric; all positively skewed; positively skewed for FX , negatively skewed for FZ , and symmetric for FY),


The testes were irradiated with a single 600-r dose and enzyme activity was determined in homogenates of testis, at 10-day intervals, up to the 50th postirradiation day. In comparison with the control value of 47.9 (units/mg fresh tissue), BETA -glucuronidase activity fell to 30.5 by the 10th day, then progressively rose to 78.4, 126.0, 242.0, and 275.0 in the subsequent 10-day periods. A parallel drop, followed by a rise, occurred in total activity of testis. Testicular weight fell, and seminal vesicular weight fell and then rose, during the 50-day period. Thus, the transient sterility and destruction of germinal epithelium induced by irradiation were reflected by a decrease in BETA - glucuronidase activity, whereas regeneration of this epithelium followed the rise in enzyme activity. Such parallel changes in epithelial function and enzyme activity were previously noted in vitamin E-deficient rats. (H.H.D.)


The paper presents novel control system for shunt active power filter (APF) connected to an electrical grid via LCL circuit. Such a circuit constitutes 3rd order low pass filter and almost completely attenuates current ripples from PWM, which are the major drawback of APF connected via inductors. Such a solution requires control that overcomes LCL resonance problem and, at the same time, maximizes control dynamics. The presented control system is fully predictive and provides control dynamics which is limited only by circuit parameters. The control has been implemented in high power, 1.2 MVA APF system. The paper includes both simulations and experimental results.


The events of the 1980s generated the end of an era in central Europe—an era characterized by central, planned economies and totalitarian political structures. As each new country struggled to create democratic political processes and market economies, many problems emerged; one of the most vexing was the privatization of housing. In Slovakia, individual family housing had never been nationalized, leaving most of the rural and village families owning their own homes. Apartment houses, as well as multiple dwellings and estates, however, had been nationalized. Consequently, the state created a Restitution Act early on (1990), so that people could reclaim properties unjustly taken from them. In addition, the state had built considerable housing units (usually high-rise apartment blocks); many of these units were simply rented to individual families. But there had also been state construction companies that operated as co-operatives, such that rent payments were credited toward the eventual ownership of the housing. Lastly, many large industries (state owned) had built housing units, which they rented to their employees. But there were not nearly enough housing units, and many people, especially young people, newlyweds, and elderly, were on waiting lists for housing. In all cases 'rent' was almost negligible as were utilities, and since there were no taxes or insurance, the total amount of a family budget spent for housing was, on average, quite meagre. This, then, was the situation confronting the new government in 1990. Beginning with data from 1988, this article examines the economic restructuring, apartment construction, changes in proprietary relations, and issues as yet unresolved regarding the privatization of housing in Slovakia.


In this paper ceiling affixed ARToolKitPlus 2D code artificial landmarks are evaluated for purposes of robot localization and navigation. Ceiling affixed codes rarely come in contact with people, equipment or robots, and for this reason they are more likely to stay detectable over a longer period of time. Multi threshold averaging, light gradient compensation and neighbourhood search techniques further enhanced AR-ToolKitPlus performance. Multi threshold averaging collects positioning results at each gray scale threshold level. After all of the threshold levels are analyzed, the related results are averaged into a final result. Light gradient compensation eliminates effects of uneven lighting in the neighbourhood of a 2D code. Neighbourhood search for a 2D code requires fewer computational resources than a global search. Further repeatability improvements are achieved by means of averaging localizations. Localization performance is evaluated at varying distances of the 2D code from the camera. Experimental results show substantial improvements in repeatability and reliability over the baseline ARToolKitPlus performance. Improved performance will allow for realtime 2D code based localization for indoor robot navigation.


We propose a novel approach for enhancement of efficiency of polymer-based photovoltaic devices by means of a low-molar-mass liquid crystal as a dopent. The active layers of the photovoltaic cells are primarily fabricated from the conjugated polymer poly(3-octylthiophene) as well as various acceptor substances including single-wall carbon nanotubes, buckminsterfullerene and the nematic liquid crystal E7 for comparison. The current–voltage characteristics are measured in dark and under green light illumination at wavelength of 514.5 nm. The power conversion efficiency for the active layer doped with E7 is the best among all cells in the simplest monolayer cell structure. Owing to the superior miscibility and orientational order of the nematic liquid crystal, E7 molecules may have promoted a composite film with fewer defects and locally helped the macromolecules align more orderly and consequently improved the charge-carrier transport, leading to the higher photocurrent and power conversion efficiency.


The present invention relates to a sample preprocessing method for analyzing the content of rare-earth elements utilized for gasoline and a catalyst of a diesel engine and, more specifically, to the sample preprocessing method for analyzing the content of the rare-earth elements which enables the remarkable reduction of errors of a content analysis using an inductively coupled plasma (ICP) spectral device in comparison with an existing sample preprocessing method which is not standardized by preprocessing a sample of the rare-earth elements under optimized analysis conditions of microwaves at a rate of a mixed acid; and improves the reliability of an analysis result by standardizing with an optimal method. [Reference numerals] (AA) Sample pre-processing and analyzing method of catalyst rare-earth elements;(BB) In electric dryer at the temperature of 550~560 for one hour;(CC) Sample measurement three decimal places;(DD) Cutting the sample into three parts;(EE) Coarse-grinding of the sample;(FF) Fine grinding of the sample;(GG) Sample measurement four decimal places 0.25-0.30 g;(HH) Completely melting the sample;(II) Quantitative analysis for rare-earth elements


Over the past decades, several old and new infectious diseases have featured as major contributors to Nigeria's health vulnerability, with evidence indicating that sufficient gains are yet to be made in tackling their dominance. Since the colonial and post-colonial periods, Nigeria has witnessed several episodes of serious biological threats from small pox, yellow fever, poliomyelitis, rabies, measles, plaque and several others – and it took years of sustained efforts to reduce their prevalence. Indeed, over the succeeding years, infectious diseases such as dengue fever, lymphatic filariasis, trachoma, leishmaniosis, buruli ulcer, leprosy, dracunculiasis (guinea worm) and Chagas disease became so dominant and sustained within the African region that for lack of a better definition, they have been collectively referred to as "neglected tropical diseases" (NTD) (WHO, 2010). NTD became a dominant lexicon for describing about 20 diseases that had been "neglected" within international programmatic focus and the fact that they affect the world's largest communities and individuals. To date, the World Health Organization (WHO, 2021) estimates that NTDs affect about one billion persons worldwide, with the majority being residents in sub-Saharan African countries and other low-income countries around the world. Despite the continued expansion of the spheres of these infections, very limited progress has yet been made in restraining the health and social impact of the NTDs, especially in low and middle-income countries.


The primary aim of this brief paper is to suggest fertile research areas that could serve to both navigate and enrich our understanding of psychosocial adaptation to chronic illness and disability (PACID). More specifically, the paper seeks to outline broadly, for future consideration, eight such areas that span a wide range of theoretical and research venues. Included are, first, PACID-associated domains based on concepts that may be regarded as predictors, as well as moderators and mediators, of PACID. These include concepts such as duration of CID, level of existing psychological energy (e.g., motivation, vigor), presence of denial, and the influence of early-in-life, single, and cumulative traumatic events. Second, consideration of concepts embedded in the adaptation process itself is offered, including personal perceptions and beliefs about CID impact, such as illness intrusion and self-identity; the nature and unfolding of personal growth following onset of CID; and more generally, the inherent veracity of models advocating imminent psychological growth following traumatic experiences, including the onset of CID.


Light's Retention Scale was completed for 123 candidates to repeat the first grade. These same first-grade children were tested with a number of measures of maturity, including achievement tests, measures of intellectual functioning, visual-motor integration, self-concept, and physical maturity. Results indicated that Light's total score is not sufficiently reliable and has little concurrent validity for making retention decisions. The total score should never be used.


Vocational high school requires students to be competent in every learning that is carried out, according to the curriculum 2013 which has characteristics in mastering concepts as a whole and hones the abilities of students. The fact that happens is that the learning process of basic electricity and electronics that is carried out has not been able to improve the competence of students. The results of the analysis of the characteristics of students showed that there were still many students who were not competent in learning. This study aims to produce a valid, practical, and effective assessment essay that can improve students' competence in basic electrical and electronics competencies. This type of research is a research and development (research and development) using a 4-d model which consists of the stages of define (define), design (design), develop (development), and disseminate (spread). The research instrument was validated first by five validators before being used to collect data. the data collected in this study include data validity, practicality, and effectiveness. The data analysis technique used is a descriptive analysis which is presented in graphic form. the results showed that the assessment essay based on the creative problem-solving model developed was very valid), to increase the competence of students, as seen from the knowledge competency, attitude competence, and skills competency in basic electrical and electronics learning.


To solve the problem of inadequate power supply of ad-hoc network nodes,it is necessary to improve the algorithm in the MAC layer.In this paper,several typical MAC layer protocols for Ad Hoc networks are discussed from energy management to power control.We analyze the ability of reducing consumption of these algorithms and also the network performance such as network throughput,transmission delay,and note their advantages as well as the limitations.The conclusions are given in the end.


Development of an inexpensive phosphorescence-type temperature sensor for use with long distance optical fibers and in harsh, hydrogen-rich environment is presented. New phosphorescent materials, optical splitter with effective wavelengths separation were developed.


In recent years, anorexia nervosa has been observed in young children. A rise in incidence among 10–14 year-old girls has been observed in every decade since the 1950s. 1 This increase in the anorexia nervosa incidence in children indicates the need for pediatricians to treat eating disorders appropriately. 2,3 Pediatricians play an important role in managing children with anorexia nervosa, especially when the patients are severely starved and sequelae of malnutrition develop. Common weight control behaviors in children include restriction of food intake and excessive exercising. 4 Nutritional conditions in some of these young patients deteriorate rapidly. Severe malnutrition or rapid weight loss requires hospitalization in order to save their lives. 5 Pediatricians must provide nutrition intravenously when neccesary. 2 Here we present two cases of anorexia nervosa (a 15 year-old girl, and an 11 year-old girl) in which serious weight loss occurred. The patients were treated with total parenteral nutrition and both recovered not only physically but also psychosocially. We discuss how physical treatment had an impact on psychological status.


Objective: Obesity-associated diabetes causes aging-like changes to skin physiology in animal models, but there have been no clinical studies focusing on human obese diabetic patients. The purpose of this study was to examine the hypothesis that obesity-associated diabetes accelerates aging-like skin changes in Japanese people. Methods: This cross-sectional study enrolled obese-diabetes patients (body mass index ≥ 25 kg m−2) and healthy volunteers (body mass index < 25 kg m−2) as controls. Skin physiology parameters relating to aging (stratum corneum hydration, transepidermal water loss, skin pH, advanced glycation end-products, and dermal collagen density) were evaluated in the two groups. Results: About 37 subjects participated (16 in a control group and 21 in an obese-diabetes group). Age was not significantly different between the groups. The stratum corneum hydration level was significantly lower in the obese-diabetes group. Transepidermal water loss and levels of advanced glycation end-products were significantly higher in this group. Skin pH was not significantly different between groups. Dermal collagen density decreased in the obese-diabetes group. Conclusion: We showed that obese-diabetes patients have decreased stratum corneum hydration, increased transepidermal water loss, higher skin advanced glycation end-products and decreased dermal collagen fiber density compared with normal-weight subjects. These results indicate that the ordinary age-related physiological skin changes seen in the elderly can also occur in obese-diabetes patients aged in their 40s.


Maintaining student satisfaction and through it retaining students and having them recommend the program to others, is central to the success of any MBA program. This is especially important in distance learning programs because of their high dropout rates. The study shows the centrality of social norms outside the realm of the MBA program in determining three aspects of such satisfaction, namely satisfaction with knowledge gained in the program, MBA personnel, and quality of the MBA program elearning services. Data collected from students who participated in a blended distance learning MBA program show the importance of social norms over and above the communicational and technical characteristics of the e-learning services. Social norms also contributed to student self-reported ability to cope with the learning load which significantly influenced both elements of retention: willingness to recommend the program and reduced inclination to withdraw. The importance of social norm management is discussed.


We investigate emission mechanism of soft X-ray radiation from a neutron star soft X-ray transient (NSSXT), Cen X-4 and unusually high abundances of Li on a low-mass secondary in Cen X-4 during a quiescent state. An accretion flow in NSSXTs in quiescence is though to be an advection-dominated one and truncated by magneto-centrifugal forces due to the magnetic field of a neutron star. The advection dominated accretion flow (ADAF) is very hot (> 1MeV) enough to synthesize abundant neutrons through the spallation of He via protons in the flow. Although almost all charged nuclei in the ADAF are outflowed by the magneto-centrifugal forces, the neutrons accrete onto the neutron star because of no influence of the magnetic field on the neutrons. Consequently, the accretion flow is composed of neutrons near the neutron star. The accretion energy of the neutrons liberated on the surface of the star is a possible energy budget for soft X-ray radiation in a NSSXT in quiescence. Moreover, Li is abundantly synthesized in the ADAF through α−α reactions and is transfered to the surface of the secondary by the magneto-centrifugal forces. We find that for reasonable values of the mass accretion rate and the magnetic field of the neutron star, the estimated soft X-ray luminosity and abundance of Li on the secondary are comparable to those observed in Cen X-4.


Purpose – The purpose of this study is to investigate how to measure student satisfaction and how its elements influence on its overall perspective earned in e‐learning (EL). This study focuses on the context where EL is used as a supplementary tool to enhance instruction.Design/methodology/approach – This study focuses on undergraduate courses that offer EL as a voluntary and supplementary form of instruction in Thailand. The measurement's instrument was adapted from scales widely accepted in management, information systems, and education research to fit the unique characteristics of the online education context. A few course characteristics are outlined to ensure the originality of the context. Survey is the main methodology of this study; reliability and validity of the measure are also tested and discussed in the paper.Findings – The study highlights four dimensions of satisfaction in EL: delivery method, communication facilitation, system operation, and content. It is found from the study that elemen...


Introduction 1. The sustainable development snake 2. Re-orienting the snake 2.1. Identifying priorities: an alternative model 2.1.1. Participation 2.1.2. Differentiation 2.1.3. Decarbonisation 2.1.4. Innovation and dissemination 2.2. Relations with the concept of sustainable development 3. An initial exploration


The electron cloud causes an increase in the vacuum pressure. It also induces slow multi-bunch and fast singlebunch instabilities, and, for the LHC, it significantly increases the heat load on the cryogenics system. This report describes our computer model of the electron cloud build up, presents simulation results for SPS and LHC, and investigates how the electron-cloud density can be reduced by modified fill patterns.


Electroless nickel plating on the aluminum alloy in an Alkaline plating bath was investigated.The morphology,the phosphorus content and microstructure of the electroless nickel coatings obtained were studied by SEM,EDS,XRD and the corrosion resistance of that were studied by electrokinetic polarization curve and erosion corrosion in w(NaOH)=4% NaOH solution.Results show that electroless nickel films are homogeneous and compact,high phosphorus content and non-crystalline coatings.The films effectively improve corrosion resistance of aluminum alloy in w(NaOH)=4% NaOH solution.


The equation F equals 0.0425 VMT plus 0.60 VHT; where; F equals Fuel consumption in Gallons; VMT equal Vehicle Miles of Travel; and VHT equals Vehicle Hours of Travel-represents a method for estimating the order of magnitude of various energy efficiency strategies. The formula was derived from research conducted at General Motors, and is based on the 1976 Fleet of Automobiles. As input to this formula, a series of travel time studies were conducted on two streets in Winston-Salem. The travel time data was collected under two conditions: (1) without the computerized traffic control system running (no coordination); and (2) with the computerized traffic control system running (coordinated operation). Data on vehicle miles of travel were developed from 8-hour turning movement counts and inputted to the formulas. Differences between fuel use and VHT were calculated.


Oral hygiene is an important step in the control of the biofilm, a factor related to diseases such as gingivitis and tooth decay. The systematization of oral hygiene in children is a set of measures that seeks to achieve sequential learning, thus guaranteeing a better elimination of the biofilm. Objetive: To show a sequence of systematized steps in oral hygiene in a pediatric patient with a definitely positive behavior. Case Report: Six year old female patient, without relevant medical history. On clinical intraoral examination presented biofilm accumulation and swollen gums. The presumptive diagnosis was marginal gingivitis associated with biofilm, the treatment included a preventive phase with motivation and education. The control of the disease evolution was carried out with a card of Systematization Technique of Oral Hygiene, the methodology included the recording of the educational sessions using videos and photographs. Results: the adequate use of the amount of toothpaste was achieved, the integrity was improved to 100%, the brushing time increased from 24 to 120 seconds and it was possible to add tongue brushing and not rinsing after brushing within the oral hygiene routine. Conclusion: The patient was able to clean all dental surfaces, using homogeneous times for each surface, following an orderly sequence in toothbrushing, as well as to acquire knowledge regarding the amount of toothpaste to use, tongue brushing and not rinsing after toothbrushing. The systematization of oral hygiene allowed us to achieve these achievements in six sessions.


Ackowledgments Notes on names and Romanization 1. Introduction 2. The Yanjing sociology department: the social service phase, 1919-25 3. The Yanjing Sociology Department: from social service to social engineering, 1925-45 4. The Nankai Institute of Economics: the germinating stage, 1927-31 5. The Nankai Institute of Economics: academic entrepreneurship and social engineering, 1931-47 6. Marxism, revolution and the study of Chinese society 7. Genesis of a Marxist social science enterprise in the early 1930s 8. The social sciences, agrarian China and the advocacy of revolution 9. The Rockefeller foundation and Chinese academic enterprise 10. Conclusion: the legacy Glossary Bibliography Index.


Abstract 5-(6-Chloropyridin-3-yl methyl)-4-phenyl-1,2,4-triazole-3-thiol (2) and 5-substituted-4-phenyl- 1,2,4-triazole-3-thiols (3) were synthesized. Alkylation and aminomethylation reactions of these triazoles were also carried out. Some of the newly synthesized compounds were screened for their antibacterial activities.