SO FAR AS [ HAVE BEEN ABLE TO DISCOVER, very little is known of the life of Peter Alboini of Mantua (Petrus Mantuanus). The earliest reference to him is found in the records of the University of Padua, where, under the date of September, 1389, he is referred to as "Pietro A1boini da Mantova, figlio di Giovanni. ''1 A t the end of a letter that he wrote November 5, 1392 from Bologna to Pietro Tomasi in Padua he signs himself as "Petrus de Alboinis de Mantua. ''2 On August 26, 1398, Coluccio Salutati wrote him a letter from Florence and addressed it, "Magis t ro Petro Albuino de Mantua. ' 'a Thanks to these references we are certain about his name and some of his personal connections. In the letter of Salutati Peter is mentioned as a compatriot of Vergil, and his relationship to Mantua is further emphasized by the fact that at the time of his death he held a benefice or some similar kind of revenue from the Lo rd of Mantua. 4 I presume that Peter received his elementary education in one of the many schools maintained by the cathedrals or town councils at the time, where he became acquainted with grammar, rhetoric and the fundamentals which would enable him to pursue his studies at the University. 5 The exact extent of his university study is unknown. In 1389 he is listed among the "Scolari della filosofia, logica dal 1355 at 1390" at the University of Padua, but there is no evidence for the length of his stay there. 6 In 1392 we find his name on the official rolls of the University of Bologna as a teacher of natural philosophy. 7


Navigation support concerning both physical space as well as information spaces address fundamental information needs of mobile users in many application scenarios including the classical shopping visit in the town centre. Therefore it is a particular research objective in the mobile domain to explore, showcase, and test the interplay of physical navigation with navigation in an information space that, metaphorically speaking, superimposes the physical space. We have developed a demonstrator that couples a spatial navigation aid in the form of a 2D interactive map viewer with other information services, such as an interactive web directory service that provides information about shops and restaurants and their product palettes. The research has raised a number of interesting questions, such as of how to align interactions performed in the navigation aid with meaningful actions in a coupled twin application, and vice versa, how to reflect navigation in an information space in the aligned spatial navigation aid.


The thermal desorption of helium films in the presence of their equilibrium vapor is studied experimentally for small but rapid departures from ambient temperature. The results are analyzed within the framework of a quasithermodynamic phenomenological model based on detailed balance. Under the usual experimental conditions, isothermal desorption at the temperature of the substrate is a general prediction of the model which seems to be substantiated. For realistic adsorption isotherms the time evolution of the net desorption flux nevertheless appears to be governed by a highly nonlinear equation. In such circumstances, a number of characteristic relaxation times may be identified. These time scales are distinct from, and in general unrelated to, the coverage-dependent mean lifetime of an atom on the surface. To characterize the overall nonlinear evolution towards steady state, a global time scale, defined in terms of both initial- and steady-state properties, is introduced to summarize the experimental data. Internal evidence suggests a criterion for judging when collisions among desorbed atoms are unimportant. When this condition is satisfied, data for near-equilibrium desorption agree well with the predictions of the model. Combining our results with earlier data at higher substrate temperatures and different ambient conditions, the overall picture is consistent with scaling properties implied by the theory. We show that the values of the parameters deduced from a Frenkel-Arrhenius parametrization of the global relaxation times, as well as a variety of other aspects of desorption kinetics, are actually consequences of the shape of the equilibrium adsorption isotherm.


This paper elaborates on the emergence and development of MOOC, investigates and researches the current situation of teachers' MOOC teaching in higher vocational colleges, deeply analyzes the role of MOOC in promoting the professional knowledge structure and professional quality of teachers in higher vocational colleges, and puts forward some Suggestions and thoughts on the current situation of teachers' teaching ability in terms of using MOOC in higher vocational colleges. The first section in your paper


We assessed the representation of freshwater fish diversity provided by the National Park Service (NPS) and the potential for parks to serve as freshwater protected areas (FPAs) in the United States. Although most parks were not designed with freshwater conservation in mind, nearly two‐thirds (62%) of native U.S. fishes reside in national parks. However, only 18% of the nation's highly imperiled fish species are represented within the NPS. The ability for parks to serve as protected areas depends on activities upstream from their boundaries and we found that a substantial part of these watersheds has some form of conservation status. Using a conservation planning approach that integrates fish diversity representation provided by parks and their current and future ecological threats (i.e., climate change, dams, watershed impervious surface, invasive species) and management challenges (i.e., land stewardship beyond park boundaries), we identify 50 parks that could serve as core members of a nationally comprehensive FPA system. While the NPS has limitations as the potential basis for an FPA network, it provides considerable representation of freshwater fish diversity that should be taken into account during systematic conservation planning for freshwaters.


A cloud storage service is never sufficient if it only guarantees one of data confidentiality and integrity. Remote storage without encryption could expose private information to outsiders; while storage without integrity could be appended with garbled and useless cipher. This paper presents the Stratus, an integrated encrypted storage atop of heterogeneous cloud storage. Standing on user's perspective, we focus on guaranteeing convenient access and integrity verification to the clouds. Also, Stratus preserves implicitly the folder hierarchy of the original storage and allows painless data migration and sharing without backward decryption. By the technique of dummy list, Stratus is able to perform lazy deletion, reducing access overhead. In particular, we use a novel authentication method, the Binomial Merkle Forests (BMF), to offer a lightweight and public verifiable proof of integrity checking. Other salient features of Stratus include assured deletion and space query in O(log N).


In this artice the сoncept of homelessness is analyzed and the processes of social reintegration of homeless people in the communities of International Emmaus Movement are investigated. The main attention is paid to such aspects of reintegration as work, solidarity and community life. The effectiveness of social reintegration of homeless people in NGO "Community of mutual aid "Oselya" is investigated. Key words: homeless people, social reintegration, International Emmaus Movement.


During the production process and storage of fruit juices, several changes in the anthocyanin composition occur. In our studies, fresh fruit and stored juices of sour cherry (Prunus cerasus L.) have been taken into account. In addition to the genuine monomeric anthocyanins of fresh fruit, an unknown monomeric anthocyanin derivative was found in cherry juices. The structure of this pigment, a vitisin derivative generated by reaction between pyruvic acid and the major pigment of sour cherry, was identified as a 5-carboxy-pyranoanthocyanidin by HPLC-ESI-MS n and NMR measurements. Due to the very high visual threshold of the newly identified pigment, the colour contribution of this compound to the overall colour of aged sour cherry juices was found to be negligible.


Emerging Materials and Processes for Energy Conversion and Storage "Electrochemical Society Transactions", Honolulu, Hawaii, USA, 7-12 October 2012. Published in The Society for Solid-State and Electrochemical Science and Technology. Abstract only attached.


Most rheumatologists are well aware of the 1991 landmark study from the Canadian Hydroxychloroquine Study Group that reported results from a prospective randomised, doubleblind study in which hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) was either continued or discontinued in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) that were clinically stable for at least 3 months, although with significant disease activity (mean SLE Disease Activity Index (SLEDAI) 7.9 and 8.7, respectively). The study was small, including 25 and 22 patients in the two groups, but the message was clear: over 6 months, a clinical flare (new or worse disease manifestations) occurred 2.5 times more frequently in the group that discontinued HCQ. Followup for three additional years demonstrated a 57% reduction in major flares (including cases of lupus nephritis and vasculitis) for those continuing HCQ, although this was not statistically significant due to the small number of study subjects. The rationale for the study reflected the concerns of patients and physicians regarding the potential toxicities that might be associated with longterm use of that agent. At least in part as a consequence of the Canadian study, HCQ, first approved for treatment of SLE by the US Food and Drug Administration in 1955, is now the foundational therapy for nearly all patients with SLE. HCQ is generally considered a safe and effective medication in SLE. Retinal damage is arguably the most significant toxicity of the drug and increases with cumulative exposure to HCQ. It is rare in the first 5 years of treatment (≤1%) but increases substantially after 16–20 years (8%–20%). Risk factors, besides cumulative dose, include high daily dose relative to body weight, reduced renal function, older age, high body mass index and use of tamoxifen. 5 New recommendations have suggested a decrease of HCQ daily dosage to ≤5 mg/kg of actual body weight. Of note, measuring blood levels of HCQ may help detect nonadherence and may predict both efficacy and retinal toxicity. Assessing the benefits versus risks of continuing or stopping HCQ therapy remains an important priority for patients, and defining the features of those who might sustain low disease activity or remission after discontinuation of that drug continues to be an issue for effective management of lupus disease. Guidance regarding the relative benefits and risks of continuing HCQ therapy in patients with SLE is presented in a new report based on data from the Systemic Lupus International Collaborating Clinics (SLICC) inception cohort. The SLICC investigators, a multinational group from 33 clinical sites, studied 1460 patients initiating HCQ therapy from among 1711 patients with SLE prospectively enrolled in the cohort from 1999 to 2019. The primary outcome of the study was time to the first of the following events indicating a flare: need for augmented therapy (including HCQ, chloroquine, glucocorticoids, immunosuppressive drugs or biologics), increase of ≥4 in SLEDAI2000 (2K) or hospitalisation for SLE. Treatment augmentation was the most frequent flare outcome measure in all groups, while hospitalisation rates were minimal. Flares of patients decreasing or discontinuing HCQ compared with those maintaining the initial dose (for an average of 1.7 years for the groups maintaining and discontinuing HCQ and 2.0 years for those decreasing HCQ) were retrospectively analysed, and factors independently associated with flare were identified. Importantly, this large, multisite, multiinvestigator study confirmed the general observation published in the original Canadian study, although with the HR for flare (1.56) in the discontinuation group compared with those who maintained HCQ somewhat less compelling than that reported in the 1991 study (table 1). As might be expected, the HR for flare in those reducing HCQ (1.20) was less than HR for flare in those discontinuing HCQ, perhaps suggesting that judicious tapering of the drug can successfully maintain a level of protection from flare. In all groups, use of glucocorticoids and immunosuppressive medications was associated with higher risks of flare. Asians (from South Korea) had a lower risk of flare if they reduced HCQ dose. Patients without a college or university education were significantly more likely to flare on discontinuation of HCQ, supporting the welldocumented important contribution of socioeconomic factors to outcomes of patients with SLE. While a recent report suggested that patients with SLE aged ≥55 yearsold who are in a low disease activity state (SELENASLEDAI scores of ≤4) may successfully discontinue HCQ without increased risk of disease flare, the SLICC group did not differentiate risk of flare in patients above or below age 50. The two studies also differed in that 36%–40% of SLICC patients had a SLEDAI2K score of ≥4 and thus higher disease activity. SLICC patients of all ages with low lupus disease activity state (defined as SLEDAI2K score of <4 and prednisone dose of ≤7.5 mg/ day) or in remission (SLEDAI2K score of 0 and no glucocorticoids or immunosuppressives in the last year) had lower flare rates as expected, but reduction or discontinuation of HCQ also increased their flare risk. Most notably, the flare rates for all four patient groups were ≥30 flares/100 personyears. The glass half empty interpretation is that flare rates remain unacceptably high for all groups, even when HCQ is maintained or only reduced. While these new data support the utility of HCQ in reducing risk of flare, the study has important limitations that call for continued analysis of this and other cohorts. The SLICC cohort study benefits from access to a large number of patients but did not provide the reasons for tapering or discontinuing therapy and did not differentiate mild– moderate from severe disease flares. The occurrence of clinical flares was ascertained only once per year, so uncertainties remain in the time to flare from the indicated time zero and whether mild flares might have been missed. Degree of drug adherence was not confirmed, and HCQ blood levels, a valuable measure of adherence, were not assessed. Nonetheless, the data support the value of HCQ in limiting flares that resulted in increased or (re)started HCQ, prednisone, immunosuppressive or biological agents, or increased SLEDAI2K scores by ≥4. In addition to data indicating the benefits of HCQ therapy with regard to flare, knowledge of the mechanisms responsible for the beneficial and harmful effects of HCQ can inform shared decision making in patient management. The benefits of HCQ have been traditionally attributed Mary Kirkland Center for Lupus Research, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, New York, USA Department of Medicine, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, New York, USA


A detailed comparative analysis is conducted between conventional intradyne and three types of self-homodyne coherent systems for next generation intra-datacenter optical interconnects, in terms of hardware complexity, power consumption and laser power budget.


Abstract Platynaspis flavoguttata (Gorham) (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) is redescribed and the male genitalia are illustrated for the first time. It is also recorded from Sri Lanka for the first time. Platynaspis bimaculata (Hoang, 1983) is a new junior synonym of Platynaspis bimaculata Pang & Mao, 1979 (new synonym). Platynaspis kapuri Chakraborty & Biswas, 2000, the replacement name for Platynaspis bimaculata Pang & Mao, 1979 established by Ukrainsky (2007), is also the new replacement name for Platynaspis bimaculata (Hoang, 1983), as both are junior homonyms of Platynaspis bimaculata Weise, 1888 besides being synonyms. Platynaspis hoangi Ukrainsky (2007) is an unnecessary replacement name for Platynaspis bimaculata (Hoang).


Telehealth and health informatics both raise similar new legal issues. Services, actions and events no longer necessarily occur in a single geographical location as is assumed in many of our laws such as those dealing with professional registration and professional negligence. Currently there is legal uncertainty regarding these but on a practical level telehealth practitioners need to be registered and have professional indemnity insurance in the State in which their patients are during any remote consultations. Despite a lack of specific telehealth cases it is possible to generalise about appropriate standards of care and legal liability. The key consideration is to avoid the patient coming to any harm and ensure that the patient is fully informed of any specific risks or limitations of the proposed telehealth service. When both a local and remote practitioner are involved in a teleconsultation they need to understand that they are both potentially liable in the event of medical negligence resulting in an injury to the patient. Software and equipment reliability issues are often a concern. The most dangerous situation is that of a subtle and undetected problem with equipment or software which gives clinically misleading information. For this reason regulation of medical software is a live issue particularly in the US. Electronic medical records raise the possibility of shared longitudinal patient records and consequent questions about methods of cooperative control and responsibilty for these across and between organisation. Other related issues are maintaining data integrity, and data security measures both internal and external. Data integrity requires systems of user authentication, digital signatures, and timestamping all entries and changes. The nature of electronic records makes it possible large amounts of data to be accessed and copied without this being detected unless appropriate data security measures are taken. Both external and internal data security measures are required. The Commonwealth initiative to develop light touch privacy legislation in Australia including the private sector will help move Australia toward greater uniformity of privacy rules across the country. From a practical perspective the US and Europe drive privacy standards and most software products aiming for a global market will have features that meet the requirements of these countries.


Large-capacity long-distance offshore wind farm adopts high-voltage AC submarine cable outgoing line and collecting system. Due to the high capacitance of submarine cable to ground, the harmonic resonance problem of wind farm is increasingly prominent. First of all, through the actual measurement of the wind turbine yaw system exiting due to the 5th harmonic resonance when the wind turbine is shut down in an offshore wind farm along Jiangsu coast, and the analysis of harmonic current and impedance frequency, the reason of resonance is further analyzed. Finally, the ETAP simulation software is used to analyze the measured data, and then several kinds of causes of offshore wind power resonance are obtained, and the corresponding improvement measures are put forward.


Clinical waste poses a major threat to human health and the environment if the management practice of this kind of waste is not conducted appropriately. In order to achieve sound management of clinical waste, a clear and scientifically-based definition needs to be established to understand what is meant by clinical waste, what its components are and what comprise the steps in its management. Segregation of clinical waste at the source is the basic step within appropriate management of clinical waste. The aim of this paper is to overview the existing research on the implementation and effectiveness of clinical waste segregation practice in healthcare facilities and it seeks to identify the issues and obstacles which hinder healthcare facilities from carrying out effective practice of clinical waste segregation and management. Several factors were found to act as obstacles such as lack of knowledge and awareness, lack of financial resources and insufficient budget allocation as well as a lack of comprehensive rules, regulations and standards. Keywords: Clinical waste, Segregation, Obstacle, Implementation, Private Clinics, Malaysia, Developing Countries.


Extant studies on board structure mainly focus on the function of board independence to implement its duty,but they ignore another important factor that might affect the board members' ability.Based on the literatures of board structure,this paper investigates the relationship between board structure and firm value taking the capacity factors of the member.By using the sample of listed companies during the period between 2005 and 2007,it is found that age and education background structure of the member affect firm value positively.However,there is no evidence to prove a new variable measuring the board independence to affect firm value.


p<O.OOl), systemic bloodflow(from 3.7±1.2 to5.0+2.2/min, p<0.001), andcalculated mitral valvearea (from0.7+±0.2 to1.6±0.7cm2,p<0.001). Immediately afterballoon mitral valvuloplasty, pulmonary vascular resistance fell from630±+570 to447±324dynes' sec/cm5. Repeatcatheterization 7±4 monthsaftervalvuloplasty showedfurther improvement of pulmonary hypertension in12ofthe14patients, witha mean pulmonary vascular resistance for thegroup as a wholeof280±183dynes-sec/cm5, p<0.005. Intwopatients, mitral valve restenosis toa mitral valve arealess than1.0cm2was associated witha return ofpulmonary hypertension topredilatation values. We conclude thatballoon mitral valvuloplasty results inan immediate decrease inpulmonary vascular resistance, followed byprogressiveimprovement in pulmonary hypertension inmostpatients. Theimprovement inpulmonary hypertension, however, may betransient insome patients whodevelop critical valvular restenosis. (Circulation 1989;79:1061-1067)


The definition of a Text Base Management System is introduced in terms of software engineering. That gives a basis for discussing practical text administration, including questions on corpus properties and appropriate retrieval criteria. Finally, strategies for the derivation of a word data base from an actual TBMS will be discussed.


We demonstrate a phase-stability radio-frequency (RF) dissemination system via fiber link with direct phase discrimination. The phase fluctuation of the RF signal is identically transferred to a 10 MHz intermediate frequency (IF) by using dual-heterodyne phase error transfer. It guarantees that the phase discrimination of the IF signals and the atomic clock frequency signal can be directly performed without the frequency division or multiplication. This scheme can enhance the frequency stability of the dissemination system by mean of higher precision phase detection and high noise suppression capability. Experimentally, the residual phase noise of compensated system with improved phase detection scheme is −50 dBc/Hz and −67 dBc/Hz at 0.01 Hz and 1 Hz frequency offset, respectively, the RMS timing jitter in the frequency range from 0.01 Hz to 1 MHz reaches about 50 fs. Compared with the frequency division and multiplication methods, the frequency stability is improved nearly one orders of magnitude to $5\times 10^{-17}$ at 2000 s averaging time.


Application of the Spectral Analysis for Modeling the Rotations of the Moon The main purposes of this research are the development of the optimal spectral analysis schemes for the investigation of the rotational motion of the Moon and then the comparison between the result of the optimal spectral analysis of the rotational motions of the Earth and the Moon. Dynamics of the rotational motion of the Moon is studied numerically by using Rodrigues-Hamilton parameters over 418.9 year time interval. The results of the numerical solution of the problem are compared with the composite semi-analytical theory of the Moon rotation (SMR) represented by Cassini relations and the semi-analytical solutions of the lunar physical libration problem (Eckhardt, 1981), (Moons, 1982), (Moons, 1984), (Pešek, 1982). The initial conditions of the numerical integration are taken from SMR. The investigation of the discrepancies is carried out by the optimal spectral analysis methods for the Newtonian case. All the periodic terms representing the behavior of the residuals are interpreted as corrections to SMR semi-analytical theory. As a result, the Moon Rotation Series (MRS2010) is constructed, which is dynamically adequate to the DE200/LE200 ephemeris over 418.9 year time interval. A numerical solution for the Moon rotation is obtained anew with the new initial conditions calculated by means of MRS2010. The discrepancies between the new numerical solution and MRS2010 do not surpass 20 mas over 418.9 year time interval. The result of the comparison demonstrates that MRS2010 series represent more accurately the Moon rotation than SMR series.


Growing silicon crystals form free melt zones, the flow regime is usually dominated by time-dependent convection, resulting in temperature fluctuations in the melt and subsequently in irregular dopant distributions in the crystal. The contribution of buoyancy and thermocapillary convection can be separated and their specific characteristics determined by taking advantage of microgravity conditions. For quantification of convective temperature fluctuations, temperature measurements have been performed in liquid silicon zones. Both half zone and full zone and full zone arrangements have been investigated. In case of the latter one, temperature measurements have been performed during the growth process to analyze the relation between the temperature fluctuations and the dopant distribution. All experiments have been carried out in monoellipsoid mirror furnaces. For temperature measurements, sheathed thermocouples or graphite-coated blackbody sensors have been used. The maximum temperature fluctuations were up to 7K in the half-zone case and 0.7K in the full-zone one. In both cases the main frequencies are in the range of 0.05 to 0.5Hz but they are slightly shifted to higher values with increasing Marangoni number. For the half-zone configuration, four thermocouples and up to two black-body sensor were inserted into the melt. Between certain pairs of thermocouples and sensors, a well developed phase correlation or 180 degrees anti-phase correlation has been detected indicating a pulsating flow regime. In the case of the floating zone experiments, a very good agreement is found between the frequency characteristics of the temperature signal and the frequency distribution of dopant irregularities.


Two key steps in the interfering measurement are Interferometric SAR image matching and the removal of the effect of the flat ground. In this paper, the basic principles about data preprocessing before complex image matching, control points selection, complex image matching, correlative matching based on energy image, generation of interferogram, and elimination of the flat ground effect are introduced. In the meantime, a method for fast obtaining the correspondent control points of high accuracy is put forward. In this paper, results of the interferogram generated from ERS-1, ERS-2 complex image data in the area of Zhangbei are presented. All experiments with the methods discussed above have shown that those methods are quite practical.


The authors examined the optical characteristics of Be-doped InP and GaInAsP and growing GaInAsP/InP double-heterostructures for SE (surface-emitting) lasers. Good photoluminescence characteristics of Be-doped InP and GaInAsP up to high hole concentrations were obtained. These Be-doped materials were applied to GaInAsP/InP DH (double heterostructure) laser materials growth. From the evaluation of the normalized threshold current density for stripe-contact lasers, an optical quality which can be applied to GaInAsP/InP SE lasers was obtained. These results show that CBE (chemical beam epitaxy) is a feasible technique for growing highly Be-doped GaInAsP/InP and shows the possibility of well-behaved Be-doping for long-wavelength laser materials including distributed Bragg reflectors and multi-quantum wells.<<ETX>>


The paper provided a quantitative method of Chinese herb nature using 24 medicinal natures as the basic index of single herb.The concept of formula nature was proposed and a mathematic presentation method was made out.The formulas with cool or warm nature and the formula used to treat wasting-thirst were studied based on the concept of formula nature.The results indicated that the concept of formula nature can reflect the nature composition of different kind of formulas.The study gives a new idea in the further research of formula design laws.


A small‐scale test apparatus has been built and tested for the CELT pneumatic launch assist concept presented at STAIF 2001. The 7.5 cm (3‐inch) diameter × 305 M (1000 feet) long system accelerates and pneumatically brakes a 6.35 cm diameter projectile with variable weight (1.5 – 5 Kg). The acceleration and braking tube has been instrumented with optical sensors and pressure transducers at 14 stations to take data throughout the runs. Velocity and pressure profiles for runs with various accelerator pressures and projectile weights are given. This test apparatus can serve as an important experimental tool for verifying this concept.


We present box model calculations of ozone loss rates corresponding to the results of the Match experiment 1991/92. The Match technique infers chemical ozone depletion from an analysis of pairs of balloon soundings that measure ozone in the same airparcel at different points of a calculated trajectory. It allows a quantitative comparison with model results because the exposure of the observed air‐masses to sunlight is well known. The model significantly underestimates the loss rates inferred for January to mid‐February. Extensive sensitivity studies show that the discrepancy between model and Match results cannot be explained by the known uncertainties in the model parameters.


This paper studies the active target-tracking problem for a team of unmanned aerial vehicles equipped with 3-D range-finding sensors. We propose a gradient-based control strategy that encompasses the three major optimum experimental design criteria, and we use the Kalman filter for estimating the target's position both in a cooperative and in a noncooperative scenario. Our control strategy is active because it moves the vehicles along paths that minimize the uncertainty about the location of the target. In the case that the position of the vehicles is not perfectly known, we introduce a new and more challenging problem, termed active cooperative localization and multitarget tracking (ACLMT). In this problem, the aerial vehicles must reconfigure themselves in the 3-D space in order to maximize both the accuracy of their own position estimate and that of multiple moving targets. For ACLMT, we derive analytical lower and upper bounds on the targets' and vehicles' position uncertainty by exploiting the monotonicity property of the Riccati differential equation arising from the Kalman-Bucy filter. These bounds allow us to study the impact of the sensors' accuracy and the targets' dynamics on the performance of our coordination strategy. Extensive simulation experiments illustrate the proposed theoretical results.


The authors made an analysis on computational complexity of block least mean square (BLMS) finite impulse response (FIR) filter and decompose the filter computation into M sub-filters, where M = N/L, N is the filter length and L is the block-size. The proposed decomposition scheme favours time-multiplexing the filtering computation and weight-increment term computation of BLMS algorithm. Using the proposed scheme, they have derived an efficient architecture for BLMS FIR filter. The proposed structure can be reconfigured for different filter lengths with negligible overhead complexity and it supports variable convergence factor. Besides, the proposed structure has 100% hardware utilisation efficiency and its register complexity is independent of block-size. Compared with recently proposed LMS-based FIR structure the proposed structure involves L times more multipliers, proportionately less adders and the same number of registers, and it offers L times higher throughput. Application specific integrated circuit (ASIC) synthesis results show that the proposed structure for block-size 4 and filter-length 64 involve 21.4% less area-delay product (ADP) and 26.6% less energy per sample (EPS) than those of the existing structure and offers 3.8 times higher throughput.


As graphs continue to grow in size, we seek ways to effectively process such data at scale. The model of streaming graph processing, in which a compact summary is maintained as each edge insertion/deletion is observed, is an attractive one. However, few results are known for optimization problems over such dynamic graph streams.
In this paper, we introduce a new approach to handling graph streams, by instead seeking solutions for the parameterized versions of these problems where we are given a parameter $k$ and the objective is to decide whether there is a solution bounded by $k$. By combining kernelization techniques with randomized sketch structures, we obtain the first streaming algorithms for the parameterized versions of the Vertex Cover problem. We consider the following three models for a graph stream on $n$ nodes:
1. The insertion-only model where the edges can only be added.
2. The dynamic model where edges can be both inserted and deleted.
3. The \emph{promised} dynamic model where we are guaranteed that at each timestamp there is a solution of size at most $k$.
In each of these three models we are able to design parameterized streaming algorithms for the Vertex Cover problem. We are also able to show matching lower bound for the space complexity of our algorithms.
(Due to the arXiv limit of 1920 characters for abstract field, please see the abstract in the paper for detailed description of our results)


The ever evolving nature of a construction project requires a management process which not only facilitates changes and updates but actively seeks to reduce or remove them from the outset. Traditional construction processes are too segmented in their approach to collaboration between the main parties to a project namely the client, designer and builder. Instead of a traditional approach, the adoption of an Integrated Project Delivery (IPD) process provides a suitable platform for the open exchange of information between the parties and an overall streamlining of the entire project. A key advantage of an IPD process is the early concentration and assessment of the design and program for a particular project. This aspect relies heavily on the effective use of Building Information Modeling (BIM) which can be further utilized to provide construction quantities, detailed drawings and schedules. The research outlined in this paper highlights two separate construction projects in which an IPD process was applied. Both projects were carried out by a construction company which is transitioning from using a traditional construction process to IPD. It is envisaged that the information gathered can be used to establish a successful IPD system within the company and lead to influencing other companies to adopt the same process.


The invention discloses a non-contact type volume adjusting device and method. The device comprises a first printed circuit board, a second printed circuit board and a non-metal partition plate used for isolating a user and the second printed circuit board. An integration circuit capable of transmitting and receiving high frequency electromagnetic wave and a volume adjuster are integrated on the first printed circuit board, and the output end of the integration circuit is connected with the input end of the volume adjuster. An emitting electrode and a receiving electrode are printed on the second printed circuit board, the emitting electrode is connected with an emitting pin of the integration circuit, and the receiving electrode is connected with a receiving pin of the integration circuit. The integration circuit forms a stable electric field in the space nearby the emitting electrode and the receiving electrode. When fingers of the user slide in the space electric field, the electric field is changed, the integration circuit converts potential difference change between the emitting electrode and the receiving electrode which are detected into digital signals, and the volume adjuster conducts volume adjustment according to the signals. The non-contact type volume adjusting device is simple in design, low in cost and flexible and convenient to operate. Any specific action in the electric field space can serve as the volume adjusting mode.


Prethermalization refers to the physical phenomenon where a system evolves toward some long-lived non-equilibrium steady state before eventual thermalization sets in. One general scenario where this occurs is in driven systems with dynamics governed by an effective Hamiltonian (in some rotating frame), such that ergodicity of the latter is responsible for the approach to the prethermal state. This begs the question whether it is possible to have a prethermal state not associated to any effective Hamiltonian. Here, we answer this question in the affirmative. We exhibit a natural class of systems in which the prethermal state is defined by emergent, global symmetries, but where the dynamics that takes the system to this state has no additional conservation laws, in particular energy. We explain how novel prethermal phases of matter can nevertheless emerge under such settings, distinct from those previously discussed.


Introduction: Excess work of breathing imposed on the inspiratory muscles can contribute to dyspnea and exercise intolerance in adults with cystic fibrosis (CF). Inspiratory muscle training (IMT) may result in positive outcomes in CF by enhancing inspiratory muscle function relative to their imposed demands. The purpose of this case series was to describe the feasibility and potential efficacy of IMT to improve functional exercise capacity in adults with stable CF. Methods: A prospective analysis evaluating the effect of a 6‐week home‐based IMT program in 4 adults with stable CF was performed. Outcome measures included the percent of predicted forced expiratory volume in 1‐second (%FEV1), maximal inspiratory pressure (MIP), and the distance walked in 6 minutes (6MWD). Results: MIP increased by an average of 25% (p < 0.01) in all subjects after training. However, improvements in %FEV1 and 6MWD occurred only in the one subject with decreased inspiratory muscle strength (IMS) at baseline. Conclusion: Unsupervised IMT can be implemented in an outpatient adult CF clinic to improve IMS although the required time commitment may limit its applicability. Potential ergogenic benefits from enhanced IMS may be limited to individuals with preexisting inspiratory muscle weakness. Research is needed to determine the potential role of IMT in CF with careful attention to subject characteristics that may influence outcomes.


Pseudanthias bimaculatus was described by Smith (1955) from four specimens taken off Mozambique. No additional specimens were collected until 1982 when seven were obtained in the Seribu Islands off Java and one off Bali in 1986. The species is redescribed, and illustrated in color. It is distinctive in coloration and in having 15 or 16 (usually 16) dorsal-fin rays, an acutely pointed anal fin with seven rays, 17-19 pectoral rays, 43-47 lateral-line scales, 37-39 gill rakers, three predorsal bones, body depth 2.5-2.9 in SL, third to tenth dorsal-fin spines subequal, moderately emarginate caudal fin, and vomerine teeth in a subtriangular patch. Females are lavender-pink, with narrow, irregular, yellow bands on the posterodorsal part of the body; the centers of the scales on the anterodorsal part of the body are yellow. Males are irregularly banded with orange-red and lavender; the caudal fin has lavender-blue corners, except for the tips which are yellow; the dorsal fin has a red spot between the fourth and sixth or seventh spines. Males have longer pelvic fins and a more prolonged third anal ray than females.


First the authors studied the rotor position detection and the starting of a permanent-magnet brushless DC motor without position sensor.Then a control system based on TMS320LF2407 is presented.Fingally,the experimental result is given


An historical background of university and technical high school education in acoustics in Russia is considered. Basic features of Soviet concepts of training in acoustics are discussed. Main advantages are deep and broad training in basic and applied disciplines, a system of the ''base'' research centers for early research activity of students under leadership of active scientists, and reporting by students of their results in science and technology at conferences and seminars. These advantages had been very positive for the Soviet planned economy. The main drawbacks are redundancy and rigidity of this education system. Transition to free market society forced the modification of basic concepts of education in acoustics: to introduce flexible education similar to European and American ones, to train students in new areas of acoustics intended to enhance the quality of life (ecology, medicine), to provide optional training in acoustics (common or individual), to meet requirements of private enterprises to...


The grain growth kinetics of silica and calcia doped alumina at 1400oC and their grain boundary complexion is characterized. These data are compared to predictions of both diffusion controlled and nucleation limited interface controlled grain growth theory. It is deduced from the indicators that the mechanism for normal and abnormal grain growth in these aluminas is diffusion controlled.


An increasing number of players now normally enjoy playing online games while on the move, directly from their smartphones. One barrier, however, still prevents from enjoying a fully mobile experience, as cellular network technologies do not appear capable, today, of supporting the high interactivity that the streams of some game genres (e.g., First Person Shooters) require. Our contribution is that of proposing a mechanism capable of dealing with such problem while moving in a car. Knowing in advance WiFi access point positions, we propose a mechanism that estimates the contact times in an urban setting and provides valuable advice to a player regarding which tasks it will (not) presumably be able to accomplish, during the available connectivity time. The validity of our approach is confirmed in simulation utilizing a set of vehicular traces collected on the streets of Pisa, Italy.


We address the problem of motion estimation (ME) in digital video sequences and propose a new fast, adaptive, and efficient block-matching algorithm. Higher quality and efficiency are achieved using a statistical model for the motion vectors. This model introduces adaptation in the search window, drastically reducing the number of positions where correlation-type computation is performed. The efficiency is further improved by progressively undersampling the macroblock. Patterns for undersampling are proposed to obtain the maximum benefit from single instruction multiple data (SIMD) instructions. In contrast with existing motion-estimation techniques, search strategy and subsampled patterns are closely linked. This shows that a good search strategy is much more important than blindly reducing the number of pixels considered for the matching pattern. We describe an implementation of the proposed matching strategy that exploits the very long instruction word (VLIW) and SIMD technology available in the new Itanium processor family. Results show that the proposed algorithm adapts easily to the evolution of the scene avoiding annoying quality drops that can be observed with other deterministic algorithms. The total number of operations required by the proposed method is inferior to those required by traditional approaches.


In the case of sheet metal characterization, compression tests at normal direction of the sheet can be done by means of the layer compression test. Circular cylinder specimens are commonly used for compression test but the complicated layer alignment is time consuming and may induce a wrong anisotropy characterization. This final goal explains the interest of working on elliptic shape. In this article, an elliptical cylinder specimen is proposed and tested for bulk Titanium alloy. Full-field optical technique (3D Digital Image Correlation) is used for displacement measurements by means of three camera systems (Limess), which allows out-of-plane displacement/strain fields on around 300° of the specimen. The use of this technique easily provides accurate barreling profile used to compute Coulomb friction coefficient by using inverse method. In addition, stress-strain curves computations are more accurate than conventional method


Objective To understand the bacterial culture distribution and drug sensitivity analysis status in urine samples in recent years.Method The urine samples of patients were analyzed,the operation was according to the operational procedure strictly,using the full-automatic bacterium to determine bacterium and drug sensitivity.Results The bacterium are mainly escherichia coli,staphylococcus aureus,Klebsiella,and pseudomonas aeruginosa,coagulase negative staphylococcus and serratia,eds as second.The drug sensitivity analysis showed various resistance,and the resistant rate had rising tendency.Conclusion The main pathogen of urine samples are escherichia coli,staphylococcus aureus,Klebsiella,and the resistant rate is higher.The clinical doctors should pay attention to bacterial culture distribution and drug sensitivity analysis status,avoid unreasonable using antibiotic.


We prove that the set of orthogonal projections on a Hilbert space equipped with the length metric is � 2 -geodesic. As an application, we consider the problem of variation of spec- tral subspaces for bounded linear self-adjoint operators a nd obtain a new estimate on the norm of the difference of two spectral projections associated wi th isolated parts of the spectrum of the perturbed and unpertubed operators, respectively. In particular, recent results by Kostrykin, Makarov and Motovilov from (Trans. Amer. Math. Soc., V. 359, No. 1, 77 - 89) and (Proc. Amer. Math. Soc., 131, 3469 - 3476) are sharpened.


A recent study by researchers at Penn Medicine shows that incisionless transcathether aortic valve replacement (TAVR) surgery can cut down the length of hospital stay by 30%. It was also shown that there was no impact on post-operative vascular complication rates when compared with conventional transfemoral TAVR, which requires an incision in the groin. The study is published in Circulation: Cardiovascular Interventions.


━━ Background. Complete situs inversus is a congenital, autosomal recessive genetic condition with a prevalence of 1 to 2 in 10,000 people. Case reports of lung cancer in patients with complete situs inversus are rare. Case. A 76-year-old male with complete situs inversus was referred to our hospital due to an abnormal shadow on a chest X-ray. Chest CT revealed a nodule measuring 2.5 cm in diameter in the right lower lobe and complete situs inversus. Because we were unable to obtain a definitive diagnosis using a bronchoscopic approach, videoassisted thoracic surgery (VATS) aspiration cytology was performed under a preoperative diagnosis of suspicious stage IA lung cancer using a bronchial blocker for differential lung ventilation. We used 3D-CT angiography for the preoperative evaluation of the pulmonary arterial system. The intraoperative diagnosis was non-small cell carcinoma; therefore, we performed VATS right lower lobectomy and nodal dissection. The right lung possessed 2 lobes, and the pulmonary arteries and veins corresponded to the usual left-sided pattern. The final diagnosis was poorly differentiated squamous cell carcinoma, pT1bN0M0. Conclusions. Preoperative 3D-CT angiography is useful for evaluating the pulmonary arterial system and safely performing surgery for complete situs inversus. Bronchial blockers are useful for administering differential lung ventilation in patients with complete situs inversus. (JJLC. 2013;53:799-802) KEY WORDS━━Complete situs inversus, Lung cancer, 3D-CT angiography Reprints: Masatsugu Nakagawa, Department of Chest Surgery, Osaka Saiseikai Noe Hospital, 1-3-25 Furuichi, Joto-ku, Osaka-city, Osaka 536-0001, Japan. Received August 8, 2013; accepted October 7, 2013. 要旨━━背景.完全内臓逆位症は,10,000 人あたり 1~ 2人にみられる常染色体劣性遺伝の奇形であり,原発性 肺癌合併の報告例は少ない.症例.76 歳,完全内臓逆位 症の男性.近医で胸部異常陰影を指摘され,紹介されて きた.右肺 S9に 2.5 cm大の腫瘤陰影を認めたが,確定診 断が得られず,胸腔鏡下生検を行うことにした.3D-CT angiography を行って,肺動脈分岐様式を確認した上で 手術を行った.気管支ブロッカーによる分離肺換気下に, 穿刺吸引細胞診で非小細胞肺癌と診断し,胸腔鏡下右下 葉切除・リンパ節郭清術を施行した.最終の病理診断は 低分化扁平上皮癌,pT1bN0M0 Stage IA であった.結 論.完全内臓逆位症に対する肺切除術において,肺動脈 の分岐形態の把握には 3D-CT angiography が,また分離 肺換気には気管支ブロッカーが有用である. 索引用語━━完全内臓逆位症,肺癌,3D-CT angiography


The pre-Qin period is the golden period for development of thought of ethics of our country.As the representatives,Confucius,Mencius,Xunzi explained their point of value,i.e.,valuing justice more than interest,so as to form the thoughts of justice-and-insterest of schools of the Confucianism of the pre-Qin period.If we stroke its era smoke,dust and prejudice,study and probe into the viewpoint of justice-and-interest of the Confucianism in new way,we'll find it is very important and helpful to promote the construction of today's new-type viewpoint of justice-and-interest and we can draw useful lessons and learn much from it.


: Experimental investigation of the modification of starch by grafting acrylamide using electron beam irradiation in order to synthesize water-soluble copolymers having flocculation abilities is performed. The influence of the variation of the parameters acrylamide/starch (AMD/St) weight ratio, electron beam irradiation dose and dose rate, as well as the presence or absence of metallic silver nanoparticles is investigated. The characterization of graft copolymers was carried out by monomer conversion coefficient, residual monomer concentration, intrinsic viscosity and Huggins' constant. Models, describing the dependencies of the quality characteristics (their means and variances) from the process parameters, are estimated by implementation of the robust engineering approach in the case of qualitative and quantitative factors. Multi-criteria optimization involving requirements for economic efficiency, assurance of low toxicity, high copolymer efficiency in flocculation process and good solubility in water is also presented.


Electrophoretic methods for detecting small proportions of contaminating species in fresh or frozen beef samples were investigated. By staining isoelectric focusing gels for particular enzymes, rather than for proteins in general, lower proportions of contaminants could be detected, because the band patterns were less complex. Buffalo, horse and pig muscles possess phosphoglucomutase isozymes of higher isoelectric point that beef, and this enabled detection of these species at contaminant:beef ratios as low as 1:99. By staining for adenylate kinase, kangaroo and horse were detected in beef samples at similar concentrations. Enzyme stains also proved useful for distinguishing some species not differentiated by general-protein stains, e.g. phosphogluconate dehydrogenase distinguishes sheep from goat.


We prove the existence of functions $f\in A(\mathbb D)$, the Fourier series of which being universally divergent on countable subsets of $\mathbb T = \partial \mathbb D$. The proof is based on a uniform estimate of the Taylor polynomials of Landau's extremal functions on $\mathbb T\setminus\{1\}$.


The thesis examiner's report is an evaluation of a thesis, which includes dialogic and evaluative elements. The purpose of the study was to investigate the roles that examiners adopt for themselves and the language use in examiners' reports on MPhil theses submitted to the School of Graduate Studies, University of Cape Coast. The study purposively selected 100 theses examiners reports from four disciplines. The study revealed that examiners adopted eight different roles in the reports. Another key finding of the study was that evaluator role was most frequent, and the least frequently occurring role was Institutional role. Again, examiners employed imperatives, personal pronouns, and adjectives in their adopted roles. The findings of the study serve to create an awareness for explicit guidelines for both fresh and experienced examiners in the task of postgraduate thesis examination.


Considering malaria is a highly devastating disease of mankind, total eradication of malaria seems to be an uphill task, the only relief from this disease is achieved by usage of antimalarial drugs. Since malaria is associated with humans from time immemorial, usage of traditional substances to most presently effective antimalarial have been recorded to cure this disease. With the advent of modern biological techniques aided the understanding of the biochemical pathways of antimalarial metabolism thereby helping in designing successful usage of many antimalarials. Nevertheless, improper usages of certain drugs have led to the origin and spread of drug resistant malaria parasites (chloroquine resistant Plasmodium falciparum). Also, the genetic basis of antimalarial metabolism in humans is now well understood and frequent mutations in genes of malarial parasites are well associated with drug resistance. The entire scenario of antimalarial usage in the field have become complicated, partly due to poor understanding between antimalarial metabolism in humans and drug fighting mechanism in parasites, by which resistance to even combined therapy (e.g. Artemisinin Combination Therapy) have started emerging. Vital basic understanding from human and parasite population genetics (involving antimalarial both metabolizing genes in human and resistant genes in parasite) could be an ideal starting point to malaria control.


It is argued that an approach to the study of the tele vision/viewer nexus is required which focuses on the social activity of audiences. Approaches to the study of audiences within the traditions of 'Uses and Gratifications' research and 'Cultural Studies' are critically examined and argued not to provide the required focus. It is suggested that a reorientation of audience research towards the problem of activity can draw on resources from ethnomethodology to contest the image of the television/viewer nexus as a privileged 'place'. The possi bilities for reoriented research are illustrated through brief discussions of 'positioning', 'evaluation' and 'entitlement'.


The mode of degradation of glycol chitin by the liquefying chitinase of Aspergillus niger was invetsigated. Glycol chitin was rapidly cleaved to glycol chitodextrin and oligosaccharides, without formation of detectable amounts of monosaccharide. The enzyme attacked glycol chitodextrin as well as glycol chitin, but the rate of degradation was slower in the former than in the latter. Glycol chitosan, deacetylated compound, was not splitted. Activity of this enzyme preparation on N, N'-diacetylchitobiose and β-methyl-N -acetylglucosaminide was weak. Therefore, it is presumed that the liquefying chitinase degrade the glucosaminidic bonds at random in the interior of the polysaccharide chain.


We decouple the N-soliton solution for the Volterra and Volterra-like circuit equation to the linear superposition of N single soliton solutions. For this purpose, we combine Hirota and Satsuma's result and Yoneyama's result and find expressions for decoupled single solitons. We also find explicit expressions for the decoupled 2-soliton solutions for the Volterra-like circuit equation and examine their behavior.


Abstract An experience of helplessness during the production of a collective autobiographical narrative offers an opportunity to explore points of convergence between Adriana Cavarero's postural philosophy and Bracha Lichtenberg Ettinger's matrixial borderlinking. The narrative is treated as a live scene that enfolds the movement of the drive conceptualized in such a way as to avoid the prioritization of death over life. Five successive moves, inspired by Ettinger's rotation of the phallic prism, illuminate affinities between the two thinkers. The first rotation explores the matrixial and relational qualities that compose the scene. The second rotation approaches death from a notional beginning, prioritizing the presence of the mother and her assymmetrical relationship to the infant. The third rotation emphasizes the transformational character of Ettinger's matrixial movement and border-crossing, especially when examined in conjunction with Cavarero's maternal inclination. In the fourth rotation we show how inclination (clinamen) in Lacanian psychoanalysis is linked to the disappearance of the mother from the scene. The (re)introduction of the mother disrupts the Lacanian logic with the possibility of a beginning just as immanent as desire and lack. Movement, qua embrace and unity-disunity (fifth rotation), becomes an indispensable component of feminist ontology that captures the immanence of sharing in the matrixial-maternal plane.


Linear vibrator according to the present invention, on the lower case 6 of the main body consisting of upper and lower case 4 and 6, printed circuit board an annular field coil 12, the resonant passive element 14 and the frequency generating control chip 16, it is mounted 10 is mounted constitute the fixed body 100. Connected to the bottom of the bracket 20 having an air flow hole 21, fitted with a weight 22 and an annular permanent magnet 24 of annular elastic spring 26, and the bottom surface of the upper case 4, the air flow hole peripheral portion 20a of the bracket 20 constituting the movable member 200 and. Further, an annular permanent magnet 24 which is vertically magnetized, is arranged adjacent to the annular field coil 12. .The


Tire (1) comprising a carcass structure (2) having at least one carcass ply (2a), at least one annular reinforcing structure (3) associated with said carcass structure (2), a band of surface (6) that of an elastomeric material at a radially outer position relative to said carcass structure (2), a belt structure (5) interposed between said carcass structure (2) and said tread (6) and a pair of axially opposite sidewalls (7, 8) on said carcass structure (2), said tread (6) comprising at least one radially inner layer (9) and a suitable radially outer layer (10) to steal on ground, wherein: i) said strip welding (6) is provided with a pattern tread, ii) said at least one radially inner layer (9) has a modulus of elasticity (E ') higher pressure the modulus of elasticity (E ') under compression of the radially outer layer (10); and iii) said at least one radially inner layer (9) of the tread (6) comprises a plurality of circumferential abutment elements (12) radially extending in said radially outer layer (10) and axially distributed along the transversal development of the tread (6), characterized in that iv) the ratio of the height (h) and width (l) of said abutment elements (12) is between about 1:20 and about 4: 1.


This article presents a physical activity portfolio designed to help students manage their own fitness and health-related physical activity outside of the physical education classroom. A main goal of physical education programs is to prepare students to lead a physically active lifestyle and maintain a lifetime of health-related fitness. The challenge lies in finding ways to engage learners in managing their own learning and applying knowledge in their personal contexts outside of school. The article describes each component of the portfolio and describes how it can contribute to the goal of teaching students to take personal responsibility for their physical activity behaviors outside of school.


Information on the inter-regional scientific-practical conference, discussing the problems of special and inclusive education and support for persons with disabilities, is presented in the message.


Several heterocyclic bicyclo[3.3.1]nonan‐9‐ones were found to have a high affinity to k opioid receptors. 3,7‐Diazabicyclononanones with 2,4‐dipyridyl side chains were the most potent agonists whereas the corresponding 3‐oxa‐7‐azabicyclo[3.3.1]nonan‐9‐one and compounds with phenyl substituents in 2 and 4 position are almost inactive. The purpose of this study was to unravel the active conformation of the bicyclononanones using well‐known k‐selective agonists such as ketocyclacocine, arylacetamides, several isoquinolines, CI‐977, and four stereoisomers of EMD‐61753 for comparison. In order to determine the geometry of the diazabicycles in solution pH‐dependent NMR measurements of the bicycles were recorded and the results were related to the geometries of the aforementioned k agonists obtained from semiempirical PM3 calculations. A chair‐boat conformation and a protonation at the N7 nitrogen atom of the diazabicyclononanones were found to be the pharmacophoric conformation. Comparison of the spatial arrangements, electrostatic, hydrophobic, and hydrogen bonding potentials of all k‐selective agonists led to a model of structure‐activity relationships of ligands of the k‐receptor. The arrangement of the pharmacophoric elements is characterized by an almost parallel orientation of a carbonyl and a protonated NH function in conjunction with at least one aromatic ring. Ketocyclazocine is only able to adopt this parallel orientation when the nitrogen is inverted relative to the X‐ray structure. Furthermore, two binding sites for the aromatic rings are discussed. The pharmacological results of all considered bicyclononanone derivatives as well as of the four enantiomers of EMD‐61753 can be understood and consistently explained in this way.


Phthalocyanines are synthetic, macro cyclic molecules and were discovered over hundred and fifteen years ago. Investigations on phthalocyanines have undergone worldwide intensively because of their interesting special properties and high technological importance. Metal phthalocyanines are generally prepared in high yield by cyclo tetramerization of phthalic acid derivatives. A metal ion brings the reactants together by coordination and the reaction takes place in a series of stereo chemically controlled steps. Metallo phthalocyanines are colored materials which possess high thermal stability, light fastness, and inertness to acids and alkalis. They have been studied in detail for many years, especially with regard to their properties as pigments for printing inks and plastics [1]. Structural similarities of these compounds with naturally occurring biologically important molecules like chlorophyll and hemoglobin, forced the researchers to study the physicochemical properties of phthalocyanines [2]. Various substituted metal phthalocyanines have also been reported as conductors, semiconductors [3], photoconductors, photovoltaic materials, liquid crystals, catalysts, Photodynamic therapy of tumors (PDT), corrosion inhibitors, solar cell functioning materials, gas sensors, nonlinear optical limiting devices etc [4-5]. The researchers from our laboratory have reported many research articles on the synthesis and characterization of various metal phthalocyanine derivatives and reported in journal of good reputation [6-8]. In continuation of research work carried by our researcher we synthesized and characterized oxadiazole substituted cobalt (II) phthalocyanines.


Background. Male fetal gender is associated with an overall increased risk of pre‐eclampsia. However, it was recently shown that the male: female birth ratio was decreased in pre‐eclampsia associated with preterm delivery. The reason for this discrepancy is not known. Objective. To investigate whether the fetal and newborn gender is associated with the incidence of antenatal maternal pregnancy complications, and to investigate if gender‐associated risk changes with gestational age at delivery. Methods. Population‐based study including 1,158,276 infants born in Sweden 1990–2001. Five maternal diagnosis groups (pre‐eclampsia, infection, preterm premature rupture of membranes, abruptio placentae, and polyhydramnios) were explored in relation to newborn infant gender and gestational age at delivery. Results. When all gestational ages were evaluated, male newborn gender was associated with increased odds ratios for all five diagnosis groups, and for preterm birth before 37 weeks gestation, M/F ratio 1.17. In very preterm births (gestational age below 32 weeks), male newborn gender was associated with a significantly lower risk for pre‐eclampsia (OR 0.88, 95%CI 0.80–0.97), and a marginally lower risk for polyhydramnios (OR 0.74, 95%CI 0.54–1.01). Conclusion. The fetal gender seems to affect the occurrence of pre‐eclampsia, and possibly also polyhydramnios. The finding could be due to an increased risk for spontaneous abortions in pregnancies with male fetuses, but could also be associated with the etiology of these conditions. Evaluation of antenatal pregnancy complications from a fetal/newborn gender perspective may contribute to new insights regarding their pathophysiological mechanisms.


Abstract : The effect of special practice frames upon programed instruction performance was examined using a program in counterinsurgency. The individuals who served as subjects represented two levels of verbal ability. Practice frames enabled subjects to proceed through the program at a faster rate per frame, make fewer program errors, and score higher on a recall type of achievement test. Subjects of higher verbal ability were able to proceed through the program at a faster rate, make fewer program errors, and exhibit higher scores on all measures of achievement. (Author)


Studied the optimization of melberry anthocyanin extraction by the response surface methodology(RSM).On the basis of one-factor test,the signigicance and interaction of various factors were analyzed according to the Design-Exper8.0 experimental design with 3-factors and 3-levels.The optimum conditions of melberry anthocyanin extraction were as follow:the extraction temperature 62 ℃, the extraction duration 135 min, the solid-liquid ratio 1 ∶ 25.At this condition,the extraction yield of mullberry anthcyanins was 5.09 mg/g.


An analytical route containing solid-phase extraction combined with dispersive liquid–liquid microextration (SPE–DLLME), was established to determine Cd ions in water samples. In this regard, Graphene oxide/polyaniline nanocomposite was synthesized through chemical method and then the graphene oxide/polyaniline nanocomposite was characterized by using XRD, FESEM, FTIR and TGA techniques. The prepared nanocomposite was investigated as a adsorbent in the presence of chelating dithizone ligand in solid phase extraction with dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction and used to measure cadmium (II) ions in aqueous media. In this method, firstly; single-variable parameters such as the amount of adsorbent, extraction time, type of desorption solvent, desorption time were investigated. Then, with using the design of expert, the parameters affecting the extraction efficiency such as the effect of salt addition (ionic strength), pH, volume of extraction solvent and the volume of dispersive solvent have been optimized. The analytical figure of merit such as limit of detection (0.1 μg L−1), limit of quantification (0.4 μg L−1), linear dynamic ange (0.4–1000 μg L−1), repeatability (%1.3), enrichment factor (210) and relative recovery percentage (99%), were obtained for cadmium (II) spike aqueous samples. Finally, the method was successfully used and evaluated for the extraction and quantification of Cd ions from real samples and relative recoveries varied from 91%–107%.


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ALMOST A THIRD of care home nurses do not feel they are able to meet residents' complex nursing needs, according to an RCN survey.


Detection, treatment and management of NCDs have become increasingly the focus of the Moldovan health system.  The important role of community medical assistants (CMA) for a more horizontal approach to primary care and its response to the NCD epidemic is receiving growing attention. In reality, however, their role within family medicine teams is not well described. Clear regulations and specific job profiles are under-developed and training curricula diverse. The present assessment analyses current work profiles and perceptions of CMAs with a view of strengthening their role in the management of a multi-disciplinary response to NCD prevention, care and case management at the level of Moldovan communities. Methods included a review of literature and the Moldovan regulatory environment, key informant interviews, a multiple choice questionnaire, short reports by community medical assistants on daily activities and focus group discussions.   From a total of approximately 22,000 nurses in Moldova 683 are registered to be working as CMAs. Only 18% of those (n=132) are working full time in their profession. The majority work in family doctor's practices with a shared portfolio of working as a family doctor's medical assistant and as a CMA. A small percentage works for national NGOs particularly for those, which deliver publicly funded services like home care, palliative care, community mental health care and youth friendly health care services. A separate budget for community NCD prevention and care with the National Health Insurance Company (NHIC) does not exist. More than two-thirds of the survey respondents have a minimum level of knowledge in CN but only 11% of respondents recognize the underlying core competencies. CMA activities are currently regulated by a Ministry of Health order (from 2014) that speaks only to the main work tasks, attributions, organization and groups of beneficiaries, but lacks a clear delineation. This lack of delineation and the tendency for the role to be only a part time one, is exacerbated by the low value that family doctors attach to community outreach activities. It is only recently that the process of developing a professional profile of community nursing and the related qualification standards has started.  A community social assistance service was set-up in 2008 but so far with little multi-sectoral collaboration at a larger scale. However, pilot models of collaboration between CMA and community social assistance are being explored, learning also from relevant aspects in Romania as well as Bosnia-Herzegovina. Some conclusions and lessons learnt are: Community nursing is a critical link for a multi-disciplinary response to NCD prevention and care at local level; Professional profiles are needed to delineate a clearer role for community interventions in terms of disease management as well as primary and secondary prevention; Community nursing in collaboration with community social assistance could create a Basic Collaborative Onsite as a step to integrated NCDs services; Funding community nursing through family doctors' practices remains problematic and may constrain the full potential of community nursing; Speciality training and Continuing Professional Education options to ensure a pipeline of community nurses are urgently needed


Polystyrene (PS)/ZnAl layered double-hydroxide (LDH) nanocomposites were synthesized via in situ emulsion and suspension polymerization in the presence of N-lauroyl-glutamate surfactant and long-chain spacer and characterized with elemental analysis, Fourier transform infrared spectrum, X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and thermogravimetric analysis. The XRD and TEM results demonstrate that the exfoliated ZnAl–LDH layers were well dispersed at molecular level in the PS matrix. The completely exfoliated PS/LDH nanocomposites were obtained even at the 20 and 10 wt % LDH loadings prepared by emulsion polymerization and suspension polymerization, respectively. The PS/LDH nanocomposites with a suitable amount of LDH showed apparently enhanced thermal stability. When the 50% weight loss was selected as a comparison point, the decomposition temperature of the exfoliated PS/LDH sample prepared by emulsion polymerization with a 5 wt % LDH loading was about 28°C higher than that of pure PS. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 101: 3758–3766, 2006


With the advent of the web 2.0, user-centric, consumers are increasingly becoming producers of information. He can express his opinions on the monetary exchange of goods, services and information through annotations. An annotation takes many different forms and is used for many different functions. This annotative activity is carried out by systems specially developed to annotate the products or services of an online commerce web site. In the literature, many tools have been developed to annotate various products and services. In this article, we present a classification of thirty annotation tools developed by industry and academia. This organization of annotation tools is built on the basis of functionalities that they offer. From this classification, we present our observations and the limits of these systems.


Prince Chengqian's personal destiny was connected with the social actuality in the early Tang period.All-pervading consciousness of potential crisis in the Zhenguan period and the mental shadow of "Xuanwu gate incident" to Emperor Taizong caused the emperor and the court officials to focus more on how to bring longevity to the state.Under the circumstances,Prince Li Chengqian,the eldest son of Taizong,was overloaded by pressure,expectation and responsibilities.Body deformity,adolescent psychological inversion and over criticism all contributed to the spiritual collpse of the young heir to the throne.


Abstract Measurements of ( p , ρ, T ) at given temperatures and pressures in the compressed liquid phase for { x C 2 H 5 OH + (1− x )H 2 O} with x = (0.1002, 0.2503, 0.4999, 0.7459 and 0.8904) were carried out with a metal-bellows variable volumometer along six isotherms between T = 320 K and T = 420 K at pressures from the bubble pressure to 200 MPa. The results cover the high-density region from ρ = 863 kg·m −3 to ρ = 1019 kg·m −3 for x = 0.1002, from ρ = 798 kg·m −3 to ρ = 976 kg·m −3 for x = 0.2503, from ρ = 727 kg·m −3 to ρ = 929 kg·m −3 for x = 0.4999, from ρ = 684 kg·m −3 to ρ = 899 kg·m −3 for x = 0.7495, and from ρ = 665 kg·m −3 to ρ = 885 kg·m −3 for x = 0.8904. The experimental uncertainties of temperature T , pressure P , density ρ, and mole fraction x were estimated to be ± 3 mK, ± 1.0−10 −3 ·ρ, 1.0·10 −3 ·ρ, and ± 6·10 −4 · x , respectively. Measurements of saturated liquid density and bubble pressure at temperatures from 320 K to 420 K are also reported. The bubble pressure indicate positive deviations from Raoult's law at all temperatures measured. The excess molar volumes indicate negative values in the temperature and pressure range of the present measurements and approach zero with increasing pressure.


The Arabs in Central Asia occupied in the past, as is well known, considerable territory, especially in the lower parts of the basins of the Zarafshān and Qashqa-daryā rivers, and also in Khojend and the south-eastern regions of Tajikistan. In the course of centuries the majority of the Central Asian Arabs have lost their language and only small groups of them continue to speak Arabic up to the present time in the villages of Jōgarḹ, Čardaḹ (Ġijduwān district) and 'Arab-Xōna (Wobkend district) of the Bukhārā region and in the village of Jeinau in the Qashqa-daryā region.


The salvaging program for the "haifeng" sunken ship in water areas near the deep water channel of entrance of Yangtze River, blasting parameters and implementation method are introduced. Different methods are compared, and cutting blasting is used in the program. The experience can be referred by the similar engineerings.


The purpose of this research is to improve the learning outcomes of students of class VA on educational subjects, Catholicism. This research includes descriptive research. Researchers can delineate the circumstances of real locations and subject of research where researchers do research. The subject of this research is the grade VA presidential instruction Elementary Misir Subdistrict Alok Sikka Years Lessons 2018/2019. Based on observation and assessment over the results of the evaluation of student learning in the lessons of 2017/2018, then known to 10 students (43.47%) of the 23 students scored above KKM and expressed satisfaction while 13 other students (56.52 %) scored below the Minimum Ketuntasan Criterion and hadn't stated. To overcome this problem than the author at once a teacher of Catholic religious education Subjects viewed the pictures in the media need to improve student learning outcomes.


Today it is known that the cares with Moouth Health are fundamental for the human being and indifferent of that she should be treated with a same importance when it is sports like this that study comes to look at some factors are sober a Moouth Health to disturb of they can that a lot of and the athletes' sporting acting. Like this for the vast amount of available bibliographical information that research is looked at two types of very common problems and of great relevance for the sport if treating of the Moouth Health. Factors those that are a Moouth Breathing and a Temporomandibular Dysfunction (TMD). Those Factors common of a lot of healthy and they need great attention and without you doubt an effective treatment and the more possible early could avoid like this more complications records hereafter. That of he/she tells a Buccal Breathing can bring vary breathing complications to the individual. They speak about the posture of problems caused by sober TMD could cause irreversible damages to the human being. Speak that a Moouth Breathing can decrease in a significant way the physical acting. It is like this important that linked professionals to the Sport and a health have knowledge of those factors.


A kind of composite of PVC and kaolin was prepared by filling PVC by modified kaolin.The effect of kaolin content,amount of coupling agent and heat-stable inhibitor to mechanical property of composite were investigated.The results showed that the mechanical property of composite was best when coupling agent is 1.0%,heat-stable inhibitor is 1.5%,kaolin is 8%.


ABSTRACT This study was executed to investigate the effects of drinking deep sea water treated by reverse osmosis process (RO-DSW) on growth performance, nutrient utilizability, relative weight of lymphoid organs and the concentration of serum immunoglobulin G(IgG) in broiler chickens. A total of 200 one day old broiler chickens (Ross 308) were equally and randomly distributed into 10 ground floor pens (20 chicks per pen, 5 pens per treatment) bedded with rice-husks. The broilers were offered either fresh tap water (Control) or RO-DSW for 28 days (from d 6 to d 33) as the drinking water. The same basal phase 1 diet for first 2 weeks and phase 2 diet for last 2 weeks were offered ad libitum to the birds. The RO-DSW was prepared by diluting 1:20 ratio with deionized water before offering to chickens. The diet for control birds was supplemented with 0.21 % of food-grade salt to satisfy salt need of the birds. Broiler feeding study resulted that there were no differences in amount of water consumption, mortality and FCR between RO-DSW and control chickens. However, feed intake and body weight gain were increased (p 0.05) difference in nutrients utilizability between RO-DSW and fresh water drinking. There were no (p>0.05) differences in the immune response between the control and treatment group. The serum IgG levels were 3.01 vs 2.87 mg/ml and the relative weights of spleen, thymus and bursa of Fabricius were 0.23, 0.18 and 0.20 vs. 0.20, 0.17 and 0.14 for RO-DSW vs. control birds, respectively. The immune responses were tended to be improved by RO-DSW drinking. This study showed an improvement in weight gain and feed intake that could be induced by RO-DSW drinking, although it is difficult to explain the reasons of the improvement at this moment. This study implied that RO-DSW could be successfully used as drinking water to broiler chickens.(


Investing in bonds was preferred by investors with the reason that the bonds offer the returns that arepositive with fixed income so that more bond guarantee from the stock. Investors choose the bonds withrank considered (rating) of bonds and bond return (expressed in yield). This study aimed to analyze theinfluence. corporate governance of credit risk, the influence of corporate governance on bond yield, theeffect of credit risk on the bond yield. The used data was secondary data. The research population was banksthat issue bonds from 2008 to 2010. Sampling was done by using purposive sampling technique so thatthere were 7 banks that meet the condition sets in the sample. Tests analysis used path analysis. The resultsshowed that corporate governance the effect to credit risk and yield bonds. The results showed that bondwas the choice of investors to invest.


This article explores rationalizability issues for finite sets of observations of stochastic choice in the framework introduced by Bandyopadhyay et al. (Journal of Economic Theory, 84(1), 95–110, 1999). It is argued that a useful approach is to consider indirect preferences on budgets instead of direct preferences on commodity bundles. A new rationalizability condition for stochastic choices, "rationalizable in terms of stochastic orderings on the normalized price space" (rsop), is defined. rsop is satisfied if and only if there exists a solution to a linear feasibility problem. The existence of a solution also implies rationalizability in terms of stochastic orderings on the commodity space. Furthermore it is shown that the problem of finding sufficiency conditions for binary choice probabilities to be rationalizable bears similarities to the problem considered here.


Various ultrasonic properties of whitefish (Coregonus dupeaformis) tissues have been determined. The sound velocity, impedance, and absorption were measured at 22°C with pulse echo techniques for the frequencies of 1, 2, 3, 7, and 11 MHz. The average impedance and absorption of fresh whitefish myomere with a fat content of approximately 8% were 1.634 × 105 cgs units and 0.7 dB/cm/MHz, respectively. No significant velocity or absorption anisotropy was observed for the muscle tissues. The effects of freezing on velocity and absorption were investigated. The mean velocity in thawed flesh was only 0.8% higher than in fresh flesh, but increases up to 100% or more were noted in the absorption. This increase depended on the rate at which freezing proceeded; a longer freezing period generally resulted in greater absorption.


Vector boson dark matter (DM) appears in SU(2)N extension (N stands for neutral) of Standard Model (SM) where an additional global U(1)P symmetry is assumed and results in a generalized lepton number defined as: L=P+T3N. Breaking of U(1)P leads to the breaking of L to (−1)L, thus stabilizing DM through modified R=(−1)3B+L+2J. This model, already discussed in literature, offers several novel features to elaborate upon. For example, t-channel annihilation and dominant s-channel direct search, along with co-annihilation, helps the DM to evade stringent direct search bounds from LUX and XENON1T after satisfying relic density constraints. On the other hand, the exotic particles of the model can be produced at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) yielding multilepton final states. Hadronically quiet four lepton signal with large missing energy, in specific, is shown to provide a smoking gun signature of such a framework. We study the details of E(6) → SM ⊗ SU(2)N breaking patterns (through D-parity odd/even cases) which yield important phenomenological consequences.


The synthesis of diphenyltetra-acetylene (I) has previously been reported' and the present paper deals with the synthesis of diphenyltriacetylene. J. Salkind2) showed in 1926 that the dibromide, obtained by treating 1, 4-diphenylbutyne-diol-(1, 4) (I) with acetic acidhydrogen bromide, rearranges on recrystallization to give the compound with the structure III. The author has repeated the work of Salkind and found that III gives diphenyldiacetylene in good yield when treated with alcoholic potassium hydroxide. If 1,6-diphenyl-1, 6dibromohexa-2, 4-diyne (VIII), obtained by the bromination of 1, 6-diphenylhexadiyne-diol-(1, 6), undergoes similar rearrangement to give IX, it would be possible then to prepare diphenyltriacetylene.


Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to present information on the health care system in Germany with the focus on mental health care in people with intellectual disabilities (ID).

Design/methodology/approach

The paper is descriptive providing an overview of the general structure of the German health care system with historical and economic background. The paper also provides further information on the general social and health care in Germany for people with ID and medical education in the field of ID is used.

Findings

There is a highly developed health care infrastructure in Germany but health care for people with ID is not co-ordinated or universal. Mental health care for people with ID is predominantly in in-patient services. Only in recent years, out-patient services for people with ID have been developed. There is a little emphasis in medical education on the health care needs of people with ID.

Originality/value

The value of this paper is its description of health care in Germany and services for people with ID.


The use of cosmetics and toiletries is an integral component of life. Malaysian cosmetics and toiletries market recorded approximately RM 3 billion sales in 2004. Facial care contributed 60% of the market value in the skin care segment. In the facial care segment, moisturiser is identified as the most marketable product. Moisturiser is used to restore the barrier function of the epidermis; provide a soothing protective film ; increasing water content of the skin and other properties such as anti-ageing. The function is depending on the ingredient used in the formulation of the product. Although there is a strict regulation on cosmetics product, the development of ingredient technology is continuously evolving to cater the sophisticated consumer demand. Application of science and technology is critical to ensure the cosmetic industry to remain competitive and sustainable. The future of Malaysian skin care industry is hence dependent on the application of science and technology to success. A study on the local entrepreneurs regarding the formulation technology and marketing of facial moisturiser is recommended.


Mg–Zr–O protective films for plasma display panels were deposited on soda-lime glass substrates by magnetron sputtering. The effects of oxygen partial pressure on both the discharge properties (i.e., firing voltage Vf, minimum sustaining voltage Vs, and memory coefficient MC) and the microstructure of the Mg–Zr–O films were investigated. The results show that the deposited Mg–Zr–O films retain the NaCl-type structure as the pure MgO crystal and the doped Zr exists in the form of Zr4+ substitutional solid solution in MgO crystal lattice. The grain of the films is very fine and the mean grain size is about 7nm. As the oxygen partial pressure increases from 0.06to0.12Pa, the Zr content increases and surface roughness of the films decreases. However, when oxygen partial pressure further increases, the film shows a decrease in Zr content and an increase in surface roughness. At oxygen partial pressure of 0.12Pa, the Mg–Zr–O film has the lowest Vf and Vs and the largest MC, exhibiting the best discharge propert...


We are presenting a validation of TRIFOU (the 3D field computation software developed by EDF), within the analysis of 3D eddy current problems with small skin depth. Hence, the numerical method is the surface impedance. TRIFOU characteristics are the H-Φ formulation (magnetic field, magnetic scalar potential) and the boundary element method. The system under study is the cold crucible of a plasma torch. We are doing the validation by comparing the results with measurements and with simulation using the AV-A nodal element formulation combined with an Impedance Boundary Condition (IBC), implemented on Flux-Expert package.


Screen printing technology is a widely used technique for the fabrication of electrochemical sensors. This methodology is likely to underpin the progressive drive towards miniaturized, sensitive and portable devices, and has already established its route from "lab-to-market" for a plethora of sensors. The application of these sensors for analysis of environmental samples has been the major focus of research in this field. As a consequence, this work will focus on recent important advances in the design and fabrication of disposable screen printed sensors for the electrochemical detection of environmental contaminants. Special emphasis is given on sensor fabrication methodology, operating details and performance characteristics for environmental applications.


Samples of enriched pasta were stored under controlled lighting conditions and the loss of riboflavin was determined. After an initial rapid degradation, the riboflavin level continued to decrease slowly. After 12 wk, more than 80% the riboflavin had degraded. When pasta samples- with varied levels of riboflavin enrichment were exposed to light for 2 days, riboflavin losses ranged from 57.8–64.3%. Riboflavin leaching from pasta during cooking was also shown to be concentration independent with 34.5–37.6% of the riboflavin solubilized in the cooking water. Riboflavin in pasta which had been exposed to light for 2 days prior to cooking had a similar percentage of the undegraded riboflavin leached into the cooking water.


Duration of ontogenic development of Pseudacarapis indoapis Lindquist, a tarsonemid mite associated with the Indian honeybee Apis cerana Fabr. ranged from 154 to 187 hours for males and 206 to 218 hours for females. Development involved a single larval period in between egg and adult stages. Marked sexual dimorphism has been recorded among the larvae during late larval period. Breeding activities involved guarding of female by male followed by retroconjugation. Sex ratio among the progeny of fertilised females varied between 1.41:1 and 2.75:1. Unfertilised females produced only male progeny.


Based on the features of multi-media computer network and theories of teaching methodology,this paper has illustrated the role of multi-media computer network in future mathematics education.


Aim To research the ettlement attern of ancient people and the influe nce of environmental factors on the area of Tourfan from fifth to seventh centuries.Methods Synthetic analysis of historical document and achievement in archaeological investigations.Results The main architectural characteristic is flat-headed and terrene house that is made of big wood and soil in this area.Conclusion The reasons of this phenomenon are the lack of wood,rain and having a lot of loess.


The invention discloses the method that a kind of metallic sodium catalysis ester aminating reaction prepares acid amides:Reacted in 90~140 DEG C in autoclave with ester and liquefied ammonia as raw material, by catalyst of metallic sodium, ester:Ammonia=1:1.2~5.0 mol ratio, metallic sodium is the 4~10% of ester mole;Stop reaction when reaction pressure no longer declines, reclaim unreacted ammonia, the product of gained is post-treated, obtains product.Acid amides can efficiently be prepared using the method;And raw material is cheap, low toxicity, reactivity is higher, and catalyst amount is few, and reaction speed is fast, and reaction conversion ratio is high, and product is easily separated.


Since the normally assumed white Gaussian interference is the most destructive in terms of minimizing channel capacity, substantial improvement can usually be obtained if the real-world interference environment (non-Gaussian) is properly taken into account. In this paper, the performance of the locally optimum Bayes detector (LOBD) is compared to the performance of various ad hoc nonlinear detection schemes. The known results are reviewed, and then it is demonstrated that these theoretical results may be misleading due to the assumptions that are required in order to derive them analytically. For a particular type of broad-band impulsive noise, the critical assumptions of "sufficiently" small signal level and large number of samples (large time-bandwidth product so that the central limit theorem applies) are removed; the first analytically, and the second by computer simulation. The thus-derived performance characteristics are then compared, especially as the signal level increases. One result is that there are situations where the bandpass limiter outperforms the LOBD as the signal level increases; that is, the locally optimum detector may not remain "near optimum" in actual operational situations.


The short message system (SMS) of a standard mobile phone can be used for much more than just exchanging cryptic message. This application uses a mobile for a remote site monitoring and controlling external equipments. The SMS service provided by the service providers are comparatively low cost. Hence a highly efficient and low cost system can be implemented for a variety of industrial applications to control the status of the devices as well as monitor their status periodically.


One of the important reasons for ANSI X3J3's decision to adopt a "core plus modules" framework for FORTRAN is its concern for development of collateral standards in applications areas such as data management process control, and graphics. X3J3 does not have the resources to do the technical development of standards in all of these diverse areas. Therefore, it is important that X3J3 provide a scheme whereby collateral standards can be developed by groups outside of X3J3 and serve as "modules" attached to the "core" FORTRAN language in a standard way. X3J3's role in such collateral standards would be to ensure that the modules attach properly to the rest of the FORTRAN language, and that the work of different outside groups does not conflict.


Financial support was provided by the National Science Foundation under grant #NSF REU 1559908/1559929, as part of the Phenotypic Plasticity Research Experience for Community College Students, through the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Institute for Genomic Biology and Parkland College. http://precs.igb.illinois.edu/ as well as by the NIH RO1 (NS083402, PI: Chung) Thank you to Jennifer Walter and Jiaren Zhang for mentoring me this summer and Dr. Hee Jung Chung for allowing me to work in her lab. Thank you to Dr. Nate Schroeder and Dr. C. Britt Carlson for their organization and coordination of the PRECS program. References


Innovation and limitations has run through the exhibition design process.Exhibition Design Professional Education should inject more rational,so that the design of teaching innovation and limited release and collection of contradictions carried out.On the display of design innovation of teaching,we should pay attention to Liber-alization and convergence teaching road,should moderate innovation as the heart of professional cooperation of the display design education,as the main path of the realization of exhibition design innovative teaching.


Temperature,precipitation,and climatic productivity expressed by Thornthwaite Memorial model in six main corn production regions in eastern Inner Mongolia in the last 60 years were analyzed to assess the potential impacts of climate change on corn production.Temperature in Inner Mongolia from 1951 to 2010 had been increasing;abrupt changes occurred at all the six stations.Precipitation did not show significant trend,but with dramatic fluctuations.Changes in climatic productivity manifested that precipitation was the main constraint in Inner Mongolia,especially in warm and hot temperate corn production zones.In response to climate change,cool temperate zone in Inner Mongolia has the potential to become the stable corn production region in the future.Comparison and correlation analysis between climatic productivity and unit yield showed that the standstill stage in maize production in Inner Mongolia might be constrained by meteorological factors,as should be a new concern about local food security in the future.


This paper develops a general equilibrium model of fertility and human capital investment under uncertainty. Uncertainty exists in the form of a probability that a young adult does not survive to old age. Parents maximize expected utility arising from own consumption, their fertility, and the discounted utility of future generations. There exists a precautionary demand for children. Young adult mortality is negatively related to the average human capital of young adults. Therefore, rising human capital leads to falling mortality, which eventually induces a demographic transition and an acceleration in human capital investment. The model can fit data on world and country populations, per capita incomes, age at entry into the labor force, total fertility rates, life expectancy, conditional life expectancy, and infant mortality.


We have shown a new scenario of successful leptogenesis with one $L$ violating coupling and a relative Majorana phase playing the role of $CP$ violation. This is in contrast to the usual consideration of diagram with at least two $L$ violating couplings. We have considered $R$-parity violating Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model (MSSM) for leptogenesis at TeV scale. This scenario is also consistent with generating appropriate light neutrino mass with the same $L$ violating coupling.