In this paper, we consider solving second-order elliptic problems with rapidly oscillating coefficients. Under the assumption that the oscillating coefficients are periodic, on the basis of classical homogenization theory, we present a finite element method whose key is to combine a numerical approximation of the 1-order approximate solution of those equations and a numerical approximation of the classical boundary corrector of those equations from different meshes exploiting the need for different levels of resolution. Numerical experiments are included to illustrate the competitive behavior of the proposed finite element method.


This experiment was designed to investigate the combination of drive and incentive as determinants of performance. Nine groups of rats were trained to press a bar under three levels of food deprivation (12, 24 and 36 hr.) and three incentive conditions (1, 2 and 3 pellets). Response strength was estimated by counting the number of responses with a latency of 1 sec. or less during five 20 trial sessions. The results indicated that response strength increased with hours of deprivation and with amount of food reward. Significant interactions between sessions and drive, and sessions and incentive provided additional support for the multiplicative combination of H (habit) and D (drive) and H and K (incentive). The lack of significant interaction between D and K was interpreted as supporting the hypothesis that D and K combine additively rather than multiplicatively.


The present study investigates the amendments to the Constitution of the Russian Federation announced by the President of the Russian Federation Vladimir Putin during his annual speech addressed to the Federal Assembly on 15th January 2020.


Multispectral and conventional cameras (red, green, blue [RGB] imager) onboard unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) provide very high spatial, temporal, and spectral resolution data. To evaluate the capacity of these techniques to assess vineyard water status, we carried out a study in a cv. Monastrell vineyard located in southeastern Spain in 2018 and 2019. Several irrigation strategies were applied, including different water quality and quantity regimes. Flights were performed using conventional and multispectral cameras mounted on the UAV throughout the growth cycle. Several visible and multispectral vegetation indices (VIs) were determined from the images with only vegetation (without soil and shadows, among others). Stem water potential was measured by pressure chamber, and the water stress integral (Sψ) was obtained during the season. Simple linear regression models that used VIs and green cover canopy (GCC) to predict Sψ were tested. The results indicate that visible VIs best correlated with Sψ. The green leaf index (GLI), visible atmospherically resistant index (VARI), and GCC showed the best fits in 2018, with R2 = 0.8, 0.72, and 0.73, respectively. When the best model developed with the 2018 data was applied to the 2019 data set, the model fit poorly. This suggests that on-ground measurements of vine stress must be taken each growing season to redevelop a model that predicts water stress from UAV-based imaging.


This study seeks to broaden our understanding of the popular, yet under-researched, concept of micromanagement in the IT workforce by exploring IT professionals' trust in the competence of their supervisor as an antecedent to their perceptions of being micromanaged. The study also explores whether felt responsibility is the mechanism via which micromanagement negatively affects IT professionals' job satisfaction and organizational commitment, both proximal factors of turnover. These relationships are explored under the aegis of the Management Control Systems models, leader-member exchange theory, and the job characteristics model. Results indicate that trust in supervisor competence is a significant antecedent to IT professionals' perceptions of being micromanaged and that felt responsibility fully mediates the relationship between micromanagement and organizational commitment. The findings underscore the importance of building IT professionals' trust in their supervisor's competence and suggest that organizations proactively provide early intervention to negate the potential adverse impact on organizational outcomes.


Many researchers and industry leaders have identified business incubators as an alternative method to develop entrepreneurship and support small businesses. Incubators facilitate the success of a large number of start-ups and firms who, in turn, add value and growth to the economy. Eight factors that could influence the performance and success of incubators were identified in the literature. These factors include aspects such as management, infrastructure, networks and partnerships, mentoring, skills development and funding. The study followed a qualitative approach. Six incubator managers from South Africa (a developing country) and the Netherlands (a developed country) respectively, were interviewed to determine their views on factors for success. Incubators for small business development have been used for decades in the Netherlands but this process has only recently been introduced in South Africa. Despite this historical difference, incubator managers agree on most aspects, especially regarding the importance of networking, structured management, mentorship and training at incubators. The focus and funding factors of the incubators differed between the two countries. The implications of the research are that incubator managers from both countries could learn from each other and this research could be utilized to assess incubators in both developed and developing countries.


Based on the quasi-serializable correctness criterion, this paper introduces an optimistic concurrency control protocol which can increase the concurrency of transaction execution.This helps the real-time transactions to meet their deadlines.


In the first part, the article reconstructs, through the idea of >pathology of normalcy, social character new< capitalism, such as Axel Honneth, Richard Sennett and Boltanski & Chiapello.


In this paper, a microcontroller system designed for economic robotic vehicles was presented. The system is consisted of hardware and software design. In the hardware design, the layout of the main control PCB was designed and implemented by the researchers themselves. The software function currently merely specified the obstacles avoiding capability for verifying the design of the integrated system. Performance evaluation was conducted to prove the effectiveness and the response time of this system. The results showed that the vehicle could pass the lane stuffed with obstacles in expected time limit.


Mental impairment can be considered at three temporally distinct stages of the South Australian criminal justice system. Present literature gives modest support for the routine consideration of mental impairment by lawyers, but fails to clarify whether consideration occurs in practice. The current study sought to establish the frequency with which South Australian lawyers consider mental impairment, using 'detection' as a benchmark. The relevance of high prevalence rates of mentally impaired offenders was also considered. Results established that for a population of defendants with high rates of mental impairment, lawyers frequently considered impairment, but were unable to specify type of impairment. The implications of these results are discussed.


The correlation between the ferromagnetism and oxygen vacancy (VO) of Cu-implanted In2O3 nanowires was investigated. When annealed in vacuum, the saturation magnetization first increased to 0.71 Cu/μB for In2O3:Cu nanowires annealed at 800 °C, after which it rapidly decreased to 0.55 Cu/μB when annealed at 900 °C. However, the saturation magnetization showed a monotonously decreased trend when annealed in O2. The In2O3:Cu nanowires showed a direct relationship between the oxygen vacancy concentration and the degree of magnetization. The oxygen vacancies orbitals mediated indirect double-exchange model has been used to explain the ferromagnetism properties in Cu-doped In2O3 and a sufficient amount of both oxygen vacancies and Cu impurities is essential to the observed ferromagnetism.


Wheelchairs are used by people having difficulty in walking due to disability or some illness. The wheelchairs can either be self-propelled or can be moved by using the torque developed from the electric motors fitted to the wheels. The use of automated wheelchairs has largely increased as it does not require any muscular movement from the user. The various automated wheelchair models available in the market are of high cost and cannot be afforded by everyone in need. In this project, we aim to develop a low cost automated wheelchairWithout compromising its reliability. The wheelchair movement is controlled by the user via a thumb joystick. The control algorithm is implemented by using ATMEGA 328P.


The magnetic permeability of magnetic materials highly depends on mechanical stress. Stress state is usually multiaxial and has a significant effect on the performance of electromagnetic devices. In this paper a three-parameter analytical model for the stress dependent permeability of magnetic materials is proposed, based on a simplified energetic description of magneto-elastic behaviour. The proposed approach also provides a new equivalent stress for magnetic behaviour in the low-field and low-stress regime.


Hoping to break a 12-year Congressional logjam and seize the political initiative, President Bush has offered sweeping but costly programs to abate acid rain, clear up urban smog, and control cancer-causing emissions from industrial plants and mobile sources. 'There is no question but that there will be renewal of the Clean Air Act this year," comc ments Richard E. Ayres, chairman of the National Clean Air Coalition. Bush's initiatives were offered only in broad brush strokes, tempering the generally positive responses. For example, House Energy & Commerce Committee chairman John D. Dingell (D.-Mich.) jabs the Reagan Administration's inaction while applauding Bush "for proposing the first comprehensive Clean Air Act revision in this decade." He adds that "the broad outlines appear reasonable, effective, and consistent with the need to promote economic growth and job opportunities." However, Senate majority leader George J. Mitchell (D.-Me.) cautions. "No final judgment can be made until the President subm...


The algarithm _ far eliminating the interference signal af the radar sensar withaut ab-andaning the use af manachramatic prabing signal. It is shawn that ta reduce the interference in the petals af the eight transfer _ functians af the abject trajectary paints, yau need ta sum ar multiply the value af mutually carrelatian functians at the paints af intersectian af rays carre-latian. The carrelatian af sets afparallel rays at different angles, yau can recaver an acceptable image af the abject.


Thank you for downloading dictionary of selected legal terms. As you may know, people have look hundreds times for their chosen novels like this dictionary of selected legal terms, but end up in infectious downloads. Rather than enjoying a good book with a cup of coffee in the afternoon, instead they cope with some infectious virus inside their desktop computer. dictionary of selected legal terms is available in our digital library an online access to it is set as public so you can download it instantly. Our digital library hosts in multiple locations, allowing you to get the most less latency time to download any of our books like this one. Kindly say, the dictionary of selected legal terms is universally compatible with any devices to read.


This paper estimates the causal impact of rural migrant inflows on urban firms in China between 1998 and 2007. We combine international agricultural commodity price shocks with a gravity model to isolate exogenous variation in rural-to-urban migration. Using a census of above-scale firms covering most of the manufacturing sector, we find that migrant inflows decrease labor costs, and increase employment at destination. As capital does not adjust, the labor supply shift strongly affects the factor mix for the average urban firm. There are wide disparities across firms: employment growth is concentrated on capital-rich, private and exporting firms. Overall, rural-urban migration alleviates labor misallocation across production units of the same sector and fosters manufacturing growth. JEL codes: D24; J23; J61; O15. *Imbert: Warwick University, firstname.lastname@example.com; Seror: PSE, firstname.lastname@example.com; Zhang: CUHK, firstname.lastname@example.com; Zylberberg: University of Bristol, firstname.lastname@example.com. We are grateful to Samuel Bazzi, Loren Brandt, Holger Breinlich, Gharad Bryan, Juan Chen, Giacomo De Giorgi, Maelys De La Rupelle, Taryn Dinkelman, Christian Dustmann, Giovanni Facchini, Greg Fischer, Richard Freeman, Albrecht Glitz, Doug Gollin, Andre Groeger, Flore Gubert, Naijia Guo, Marc Gurgand, Marieke Kleemans, Jessica Leight, Florian Mayneris, David McKenzie, Dilip Mokherjee, Joan Monras, Albert Park, Sandra Poncet, Markus Poschke, Simon Quinn, Mark Rosenzweig, Gabriella Santangelo, Michael Song, Jon Temple, Christine Valente, Thomas Vendryes, Chris Udry and Chris Woodruff for useful discussions and comments. We also thank participants in Bristol, CUHK, Harvard, Manchester, Oxford, Nottingham, St Andrews, St Gallen, Warwick and the Yale Agri-Devo Conference, the China Economic Summer Institute, the CEPR "Labor Markets in Developing Countries" Workshop, NEUDC, the BGSE Summer Forum, the European Economic Association meetings in Geneva for helpful comments. The usual disclaimer applies.


Accessing historical texts is often a challenge because readers either do not know the historical language, or they are challenged by the technological hurdle when such texts are available digitally. Merging corpus linguistic methods and digital technology can provide novel ways of representing historical texts digitally and providing a simpler access. In this paper, we describe a multi-dimensional parallel Old Occitan-English corpus, in which word alignment serves as the basis for search capabilities as well as for the transfer of annotations. We show how parallel alignment can help overcome some challenges of historical manuscripts. Furthermore, we apply a resource-light method of building an emotion annotation via parallel alignment, thus showing that such annotations are possible without speaking the historical language. Finally, using visualization tools, such as ANNIS and GoogleViz, we demonstrate how the emotion analysis can be queried and visualized dynamically in our parallel corpus, thus showing that such information can be made accessible with low technological barriers.


This study aimed to determine the effect of psychological capital and perception of organizational support for individual readiness to change among employees. This study used correlational (non-experimental) method. By using disproportionate stratified random sampling, there were 62 participants in Center of Marine and Fisheries at the Ministry of Marine Affairs and Fisheries. The measuring tools used in this study were Readiness for Change Scale (RFC), Psychological Capital Questionaire (PCQ), and Survey of Perceived Organizational Support (SPOS) which all of them have been adapted into Bahasa Indonesia. Data analysis technique used in this research was multiple linear regression. Result of this study indicated that psychological capital and perception of organizational support simultaneously can give significant effect to individual readiness to change.


A heterogeneous group of elementary school children referred for psychoeducational diagnosis were rated on the Devereux Child Behavior Rating Scale and the Bender Visual-Motor Gestalt Test, scoring for Koppitz Emotional Indicators. Projective implications of the EIs were not supported by the DCB factors; however, five DCB factors correlated significantly with total number of EIs. This finding suggests that cerain DCB factors may be more predictive of emotional problems than others in the scale.


Summary (1) A survey of the butterflies of the north Colombian mountain range, the Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta, was carried out by the author and Mr. George Bernard in 131 working days in 1971 and 1972, at 43 main sites and their environs from sea-level to 4000 m. The data used are the records of the 501 species and subspecies collected by the author. (2) The Sierra Nevada rises from low-lying plains, nowhere higher than 350 m, and the Caribbean Sea, to 5775 m, and it is separated from the Andean stem. It is only about 10 000 square kilometres in area, and with its well-defined borders it is an ideal study-area for a naturalist. (3) Restrictions imposed by the time of year spent in the range, by the impenetrability of some of the forest, and by the fast rate of travel, are discussed, as well as the advantages of this kind of semi-superficial survey. (4) The land from the outskirts up to 5000 m is divided into eight distinct zones, based on vegetational morphology, climate and altitude, and each is descri...


Patriarchal societies degrade females because of what they think of as a biological deficiency
that is represented through the lack of the male sexual organ. This leads such societies to
oppress females mentally as well as physically. This encourages a number of writers to
indulge themselves in studying the psychological abnormality that the patriarchal societies
lead the females to suffer from. Thus, by adopting the psychoanalytical feminist view, Hilda
Doolittle aims to heal the female race from the patriarchal wounds that leads them to lose
their identity as independent human beings. Accordingly, this paper aims at investigating how
Doolittle does this by depending on the Greek gods and goddesses as examples that could
help her in supporting her argument that femininity has been defined falsely according to an
unjust patriarchal canon


ABSTRACT The variability of planar rings in Si4X4 (X = F, Cl, Br, I) molecules caused by the pseudo-Jahn–Teller impact (PJTE) was evaluated as an original PJTE work. Optimisation and the following frequency calculations in these molecules illustrated that in high-symmetry planar (with D4h symmetry) geometry, all of these compounds were unstable and their structures were puckered to lower C2h symmetry stable geometry. Furthermore, the vibronic coupling interaction between 1A1g ground and the first 1Eg excited states through (1A1g + 1Eg) ⊗ eg PJTE problem was the cause of non-planarity of the four-member ring and the symmetry breaking phenomenon in those series. The calculated gaps (Δ) between the ground state and the Eg excited state, the vibronic coupling (F) and ground state primary force constant values (k1) were obtained from the numerical fitting of the ground state adiabatic potential energy surface with the analytical expressions of these molecules. Finally, natural bond analysis (NBO) was used for the design of the strongest interaction and natural atomic charges of these structures. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT


The BlackLivesMatter movement has rightly pointed to the dehumanization of people of African ancestry as the driving force behind the wanton killing of Black people by the police and vigilantes. This article identifies and addresses the root cause of the dehumanization of people of African ancestry, the lie of Black inferiority (and its correlate, the lie of White superiority), examines the damaging effects of the psychological, cultural, and historical trauma caused by the lies, and introduces Emotional Emancipation Circles, a promising intervention for helping Black people overcome, heal from, and overturn the lies.


The method and the method of determining the brightness value from the target region on the optical image to a computer readable medium that allows the computer to perform, in the case of comparing the brightness values of the number of the target area from the optical image of the object position when the brightness value corresponding to eoteul shown in graphic, it can be more clearly compare the difference in brightness value between the number of the target area. Gray level, the target area, quantifying, an immunological analyzer


Abstract : The bonding of dissimilar materials presents several unique problems, particularly for space systems that are required to operate at very low temperatures. Design considerations are discussed and typical applications are described, including techniques employed to resolve pertinent problems. Recommendations and needs are discussed that are considered necessary to preclude failures and difficulties of the types described. (Author-PL)


Currently, the issues concerning security have greater impact in society. During the last decades, face recognition is an area of computer vision that has received a lot of attention. Face recognition is a natural ability of the human being, however, developing algorithms able to recognize faces is a complex process. These algorithms can be used on systems with various applications, more precisely in video surveillance in open areas – areas in which the video surveillance cameras are placed far away from the scene. In these cases, the quality of the image received is not always the best possible, normally compromising the efficiency of a face recognition system. This dissertation addresses the problem of image Super-Resolution (SR) and image quality enhancement, normally named face hallucination, providing superior data to the process of video face recognition on open-spaces. Regarding face recognition, this dissertation focus on the concept of video based "dictionary learning" methods using sparse coding. In an attempt to validate this concept a Region Covariance Matrices (RCM's) based approach is explored. These matrices are known to describe an image with more information than just by analysing the information provided by the gray level. The information contained on a RCM goes through simple operations on the image, like image derivatives, but also through Gabor filters. The Gabor filters have been very useful on the field of facial recognition presenting a high success rate.


The aim of this study was to elaborate a conceptual approach to the development of financial technologies under the impact of restrictions imposed by international economic sanctions. The development of this sector was analyzed based on empirical studies of available information on the state of the FinTech sector in 28 countries that are impacted by international economic sanctions, using the Global Sanctions Database presented by OFAC (Office of Foreign Assets Control). The research involved comprehensive research methods: situational analysis, system analysis, reproductive analysis, structural and functional analysis. The results of the study confirmed the main hypothesis: international economic sanctions do not block the development of financial technologies, as FinTech can ensure the development of the financial sphere of sanctioned countries because of its flexibility and mobility. The calculations proved that depending on the way of combining the internal perception of external restrictions imposed by the sanctions, which is unique for each country, international economic sanctions are a stimulator for some countries (China, Ukraine, Iran), while being a significant development blocker (r=0.896) for others (with a financial technology performance less than 1). This study will be useful not only to scholars who deal with the theoretical and methodological framework of the development of the financial sector of countries subject to sanctions.


Objective To evaluate the value and safety of fibrobronchoscopy in diagnosis and treatment of hemoptysis in children. Methods Fiftyeight patients with hemoptysis received fibrobronchoscopy to find the reasons of hemoptysis and local hemostasis was applied. Hemorrhagic sites, reasons of bleeding, characteristics of the lesions were judged. ResultsInfection was the main cause of hemoptysis and the percentage was 41.3% (24/58). Tuberculosis was the second cause of hemoptysis and the percentage was 20.7%(12/58). Foreign body in airway was the third cause and the percentage was 13.7%(8/58). Idiopathic pulmonary hemosiderosis was the fourth cause and the percentage was 12.1%(7/58). Totally 96.5% of the patients were diagnosed. Clearly active bleeding was found in 18 patients. Local hemostasis treatment was effective. The effective rate of treatment was 100%. The complications of fibrobronchoscopy were mild: 15 patients suffered from transient hypoxemia during the examination which was ameliorated with increased oxygen intake and 3 patients had fever after the examination which disappeared in 24 hours. ConclusionFibrobronchoscopy is one of the safe and effective ways in the diagnosis of slight to moderate hemoptysis of children.


Was the decline in alcohol consumption, experienced in many countries during the nineteenth century, related to growth of the coffee culture? This question is approached first through a simple content analysis of qualitative data obtained from an empirical sociological study of inebriety in Norway in the 1850s by Norway's first sociologist, Eilert Sundt [1859], then by a time-series analysis of quantitative data on coffee and alcoholic beverages in Norway. The results confirm that coffee filled a cultural 'niche' created by the restrictive Norwegian alcohol policy in the nineteenth century. Sundt's qualitative data point clearly in this direction. Although the quantitative data - particularly on coffee - are far from ideal indicators of consumption, the results lend some credibility to the substitution hypothesis: The trends coincide fairly closely for the two beverages, and in the detrended series there are measurable signs of correlation when the confounding effects of economic development are controlled for. It is concluded that the political attempts to reduce alcohol problems in the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, i.e. reduced availability and increased taxes, may have been alleviated by the growing popularity of coffee as an alternative, 'new' beverage for the population at large, and not just the higher social classes.


PURPOSE: A damping joint device for a mobile-harbor lifting system is provided to enhance stability of a mobile harbor and lifting device since if strong vibration occurs, shock due to instantaneous overload decreases. CONSTITUTION: A damping joint device for a mobile-harbor lifting system comprises a foot support(110), a plurality of universal joint units(120) and a damping cylinder(130). The foot support is coupled to the upper end of a lifting device(60). The lifting device lifts a crane unit(40) from a mobile harbor. The universal joint units are aligned on the top of the foot support. The damping cylinder comprises a piston rod(131) and a cylinder body(132). The ends of the piston rod are respectively coupled to the universal joint units. The cylinder body is filled with working fluid.


The invention provides a method for preparing an aluminum alloy castable ceramic catheter, comprising the steps of: preparation of ceramic powder, molding and firing. The method is characterized by comprising the steps of: uniformly mixing silicon carbide powder, aluminium nitride powder with the grain size of 0.01-3mum, silicon nitride powder with the grain size of 0.01-3mum, alumina powder withthe grain size of 0.01-3mum, and lithium glass dust according to the weight proportion of 40-70:8-15:8-15:8-15:6-15, carrying out isostatic pressing, and then firing the mixture into the aluminum alloy castable ceramic catheter for 1-2h at 1,600-1,800 DEG C in the presence of nitrogen atmosphere. The aluminum alloy castable ceramic catheter prepared in the invention has the characteristics of high strength, high production efficiency, long service life and the like.


Of the many possible health challenges posed during extended exploratory missions to space, the effects of space radiation on cardiovascular disease and cancer are of particular concern. There are unique challenges to estimating those radiation risks; care and appropriate and rigorous methodology should be applied when considering small cohorts such as the NASA astronaut population. The objective of this work was to establish whether there is evidence for excess cardiovascular disease or cancer mortality in an early NASA astronaut cohort and determine if a correlation exists between space radiation exposure and mortality.


The following treatments sprayed onto cattle gave > 90% reduction of adult lone star ticks, Amblyomma Americanum (L.), at 1 day posttreatment compared with numbers on untreated cattle: 0.25% Banol® (6-chloro-3,4-xylyl methylcarbamate); 0.05-0.25% Bay 39007 ( o -isopropoxyphenyl methylcarbamate); 1% bromophos; 0.5% carbaryl; 0.3% Ciodrin®( alpha -methylbenzyl 3-hydroxycrotonate dimethyl phosphate) ; 0.1% Compound 4072 (2-chloro-l-(2,4-dichlorophenyl) vinyl diethyl phosphate); 0.25% coumaphos; 0,03% diazinon (EC); 0.025-0.1% Dursban® ( O , O- diethyl O-3,5,6-trichloro-2-pyridyl phosphorothioate); 0.125-0.25% Imidan® ( O, O -dimethyl S -phthalimidomethyl phosphorodithioate); 0.1-0.5% Shell SD-8447 (2-chloro-1-(2,4,5-trichlorophenyl)vinyl dimethyl phosphate); 0.1% Shell SD 8448 (2-chloro-1-(2,4,5-trichlorophenyl)vinyl diethyl phosphate); 1% trichlorfon; and 0.5% toxaphene (the standard treatment).

Treatments giving less than 90% reduction were: 0.1% Banol; 0.1-0.25% Bay 37341 ( O , O -diethyl O -[4-(methylthio)-3,5-xylyl] phosphorothioate); 0.375% bromophos; 0.25% bromophos-ethyl; 0.05% carbophenothion; 0.03% diazinon (wp); 0.1% Dowco® 175 (2,4-dichlorophenyl propyl methylphosphoramidate); 0.01% Dursban; 0.1% fenthion; 0.1% Imidan; and 0.5% menazon.

At 1 week posttreatment, the following sprays gave reduction equal to or greater than the 64% reduction given by 0.5% toxaphene: 0.25% Bay 37341,0.1% Bay 39007, 0.5% carbaryl, 0.1% Compound 4072, 0.25% coumaphos, 0.1% Dowco 175, 0.05% Dursban, 0.1 and 0.25% Imidan, 0.1% Shell SD-8448, and 1% trichlorfon. At 2 weeks posttreatment, all treatments except 0.25% coumaphos gave little or no reduction in number of ticks. A pouron of 2% Bay 37341 at 1 oz per cwt gave only 39% reduction at 1 day posttreatment, whereas a pouron of 8% trichlorfon at ½ oz per cwt gave 72% reduction at 1 day and 44% reduction at 1 week posttreatment.


Price control of contract is very important in business administration.The main point of this paper is that by following the subsequent principles to make the contract management better serve the business administration of group enterprise.The first is to deepen"three holding the pass,three unite"system and realize the procedure management of contract;the second is that the contractual Supervision and Management System should be roundly implemented;the third is the flexible application of various contract price negotiation techniques.


The invention discloses a method for simultaneously removing PM2.5 particles, SO2 and NOx of smoke gas and reclaiming byproducts. The smoke gas to be treated is introduced to a pulse corona electric field and absorption liquid is sprayed to purify the smoke gas at the same time; the pulse corona electric field is produced by an acicular corona wire connected with negative pulse high voltage and a netty metal electrode connected with positive pulse voltage; the absorption liquid is sprayed on the netty metal electrode to form liquid film; after the PM2.5 particles are charged, the PM2.5 particles move to the liquid film by electrostatic force and are adsorbed and caught by the liquid film; vapor and oxygen of the smoke gas are decomposed into O, OH, O3, HO2 and other oxidative free radicals; SO2 and NO of the smoke gas are oxidized into high valent state substances which are easy to absorb; subsequently, the substances are absorbed by the absorption liquid; and the reacted absorption liquid is crystallized through sensible heat drying of the smoke gas to be treated to generate reclaimable byproducts. The method realizes simultaneous removing of the PM2.5 particles, SO2 and NOx of the smoke gas and recycles the removed byproducts.


The main objective of this paper is to describe a class of polynomial vector fields f, whose associated dynamic system has one or more affine varieties as f-invariant and attractive sets. This result can be used for robot motion planning, thus computing robot paths, avoiding collisions with obstacles and reaching a target point.


At present the socialism market economy in our country is existing in a crucial period from extravagant to economical model. Under new conditions further constructing and improving the supervising mechanism of local peoples' representative committee (LPRC) not only can prompt the transition of government's role, and strengthen macroeconomic adjusting and fulfill macroeconomic decision scientifically and democratically, but also may maintain public economic predominant position in the socialism market economy, and understand the character of socialism market economy, and protect and further the radical transition. Only by this way can it fully embody the supervising merits of LPRC.


A UV\|spectrophotometry method was used to determine the content of brightener benzalacetone in potassium chloride zinc electroplating, and many factors affecting the UV absorption were studied such as pH, inorganic salt, sodium higher fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene sulphate, etc. The method was rapid and accurate and could be applied to monitor the benzalacetone content in Zn electroplating industry. Consuming rate of benzalacetone was also measured.


Susceptibility to some pesticides of the diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella L., collected from Wakayama Prefecture, Japan was examined with the third instar larvae by the leaf-dip method. Most populations under test showed remarkably reduced susceptibility to organophosphates and carbamates. Cartap was relatively effective except in some locations. Pyrethroid resistance was first identified in Wakayama, Gobo and Inami, where cruciferous crops were extensively grown, and the resistant moths spread over Wakayama Pref. with time. Most of the populations showed no resistance to Bacillus thuringiensis (BT). The Gobo population however developed resistance to BT, reaching approximately 60 of resistance ratio in 1986 and 1987 under the frequent applications of BT. No resistant populations for chitin synthesis inhibitors have been observed so far. Discipline: Insect pest Additional keywords: Bacillus thuringiensis, chitin synthesis inhibitor, organophosphate, pyrethroid


We give a brief review on the deconstructed Higgsless models (linear moose models). The Fermi-constant GF and the low energy parameter are evaluated, and the physics behind the delay of unitarity violation is claried. In order to construct a viable model consistent with the precision electroweak data, lefthanded quarks and leptons need to be delocalized over the deconstructed extra dimension. We discuss \ideal delocalization" of quarks and leptons with which deviations in precision electroweak parameters are minimized. As contributions to the S parameter vanish to leading order with the ideal delocalization, current constraints on these models arise from limits on deviations in triple gauge boson vertices. By using the block-spin transformation, we argue that low energy eectiv e theory of any consistent Higgsless model can be described by highly deconstructed linear moose model with only a fewer number of deconstructed sites. We propose the three-site model as the lowest order eectiv e theory of Higgsless models.


Complex product design is a cooperative process involving multidisciplinary teams that are assisted with different computational simulation tools. Therefore, it is very necessary to integrate the disparate software systems in the design environment to become part of the integrated design platform. Furthermore, reuse of the design data and knowledge that has been accumulated over the lifecycle of the design project is necessary to increase the design efficiency. To organize and manage the design process and data in an integrated platform and adapt to frequently changing requirements, business component is adopted in this paper to implement the integration of design data, resources, processes and graphic-user interfaces. A new digital specialized design component is constructed for the integration of design resources, and different user interfaces are customized for different resource versions. And then process template is designed for process-variable heterogeneous design data management and reuse. A process template centered design data integrated management architecture is designed which can provide an operational environment for the merge of engineering management and project management; it also implements design data and component reuse across different design projects. Combined with version management technology, it can also achieve the objective of cross-project design data reuse. Applications of the approaches in IMS-DATE and IMS-AFLD show that the digitalize components can implement the evolution management of different design modules.


BACKGROUND
Increasingly, people diagnosed with cancer are surviving and continuing to participate in the work force. This trend brings with it new issues regarding survivors' employment-related needs.

OBJECTIVE
The research team's objective is to explore cancer survivors' employment-related needs and supports with the ultimate goal of developing a training intervention for them.

METHODS
Data were collected via an online survey. This article reports on the findings from the pilot stage of the study, which included 32 respondents.

RESULTS
Many cancer survivors experience cancer symptoms at work, but do not tend to seek reasonable accommodations. Levels of awareness of possible programmatic and legal supports are low. Respondents reported that neither employers nor medical practitioners are primary sources of information regarding their individual employment-related concerns. Instead, they relied on general information from cancer advocacy organizations.

CONCLUSIONS
Survivors, employers, and practitioners who treat cancer patients could benefit from training resources about how survivors might address their employment-related needs.


The thermal radiation at 8.5 THz resonating with the longitudinal optical (LO) phonon is emitted from surface Au–GaAs microstripe structures on undoped GaAs wafers. The emission spectrum comprises a component originating from the LO phonon resonant electric dipole and another one of blackbody‐like emission subject to Planck's law for structures without or low mesa height. Narrow GaAs window yields thermal emission spectra with deep‐ and wide‐intensity drop at the higher‐energy side of the LO phonon energy. This intensity drop is formed by the absorption of the emitted radiation by generating surface phonon polaritons and forms the weak background emission in the region of 260–350 cm−1. An additional emission peak is observed at ≈350 cm−1 for high‐mesa structures. This peak is attributed to phonon–polariton‐related emission, for which electric dipoles are yielded by pairs of polarization charges in Au–GaAs–Au mesa structures.


With this paper, I would like to present the main results from my research on members of atheist or secularist organizations in the United States and Germany. In a situation in which religious indifference and strict religiosity were shown to be growing simultaneously in the modern world, yet the phenomenon of convinced irreligion was largely ignored, I set out several years ago to answer the question: Who are the decided, committed, and organized atheists and what drives their activism in different socio-religious settings within Western societies? This research was completed in late 2013. The results are based on 58 qualitative in-depth interviews with members from local atheist organizations, which offer their members community as well as chances for participation in political activism and which are conceptualized as part of a broader freethought-secularist movement. Despite their highly diverse religious / nonreligious backgrounds and biographies, processes of joining, and strategies and degrees of activism, eight distinctive types of members were identified. These are based on recurring narrative and action patterns ("motives"). The motive of political conflict unites the "Political Fighter" and the "Indignant", the motive of belonging unites the "Collectivist" and the "Alienated", the motive of philosophical and religious knowledge unites the "Intellectual Enlightener" and the "Silent Intellectual", while finally the motive of identification with the organization is central to the "Dissociate" as well as to the "Euphoric". These types show the face of organized atheism to be very diverse and to be much more than and different from the caricature of "militant atheists" that has dominated public perception of the movement in recent years (in much of whatever little notice it has received). Melton, J. Gordon Baylor University firstname.lastname@example.com Title: The Nones Shall Always Be with Us: Toward an Historical Perspective on Unbelief in America Abstract: The years of the 21st century have been marked by the heightened visibility of the American community of Unbelief (atheists, humanists, freethinkers), a growth of Christian anti-atheist rhetoric led by periodic papal pronouncements, and the most recent discovery of a seemingly growing community of "nones," people variously defined as disassociated from any religious community and/or lacking any religious preference/identity, which has led at times to the nones being identified with the


The paper describes the development of a microassembly station for mounting MEMS components on a flexible substrate. The core components are a micro hotplate mounted on a xy stage and a suction gripper with an integrated force sensor carried by a nanoslider (1DOF in z-Axis). A syringe with a 30 gauge needle, mounted on a PC controllable 3DOF micromanipulator, is driven by a microdispenser. Two micro cameras allow a precise alignment of the sensor on the substrate. The whole set up is PC controlled under Labview 8.5 [National Instruments]. The station allows processing of soldering paste, conductive glues and anisotropic conductive tape. Bonding trials with solder paste and conductive glues failed. The 3M Film 5552R showed best performances with low resistance electrical connections and with reliable mechanical bondings. Contact resistances below 0.5 Ω were achieved. Additionally the overall process time is very low in comparison to other processes.


Corporate Social Responsibility involves responsible practices in the workplace. It is important that business conduct their business in a responsible manner. Oman is rapidly industrializing its economy. This study explores the responsible social practices in the workplace. Using the UNGC developed instrument for monitoring Human Rights, seventy industrial units were surveyed in Al Dakhliya Region of Oman. The findings show that Health and Safety standards are upto 50%, Working Hours, Wages and Leave standards are upto 41.4% and Fair Treatment of workers is 37.1% according to the UNGC principles.


Heavily damaged or disappeared crystallizability caused by nonselective chemical binding of functional units is a universal and challenging issue for random functionalized copolymers. Herein, we pr...


Abstract Background: Roma people are particularly vulnerable to developing overweight and obesity. Self-perception of body image may influence the prevalence of obesity in this ethnic minority. Aim: The objectives of this study are to estimate the prevalence of obesity, to analyse body size perceptions and preferences and to assess the relationship between body size perceptions and obesity in the Roma population. Subjects and methods: The analyses were carried out on 372 men, women and children from the Roma population residing in the Greater Bilbao region (Basque Country, Spain). In adults, a standard figural scale was used to analyse body size perceptions and preferences in this ethnic minority. Results: Overall 51.7% of adult and 24.4% of minor Roma individuals were obese. Both Roma men and women had inaccurate self-perceptions of their body size. Significant differences on body size perceptions were detected based on age, sex, nutritional status and socioeconomic characteristics. Conclusion: This Roma population presents one of the highest rates of obesity worldwide. Although a certain awareness of the correct weight status was appreciated, the inability of Roma individuals to see themselves as overweight or obese may be a significant factor on the high prevalence of obesity in this population.


Background and Aim: Several research studies indicate that children born with disabilities impair the general health of their parents. Therefore, it is necessary to address the emotional and psychological needs of parents of children with disabilities through rehabilitation programs. For this reason, the purpose of the present study was to investigate the effectiveness of family-centered early intervention based on psychological well-being on the general health of mothers of children with hearing impairment. Methods: Thirty-two mothers of children with hearing impairment were selected through convenience sampling and randomly assigned to experimental (n=16) and control groups (n=16). The general health of both groups was assessed by general health questionnaire (GHQ) before the intervention as a pretest. The experimental group then participated in 12 sessions of family-centered early intervention program based on psychological well-being, while the control group did not take part. After the experimental group completed the intervention, the general health of both groups was assessed by GHQ as the post-test. Results : Analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) and multivariate analysis of covariance (MANCOVA) showed significant decreases in mean scores on general health and in the subscales (somatic symptoms, anxiety, social dysfunction, and depression) by the experimental group (p<0.05). Conclusion: The findings indicated that family-centered early intervention based on psychological well-being improved the general health symptoms in mothers of children with hearing impairment. Therefore, a method was proposed which designed and implemented this kind of early intervention to improve the general health of mothers of children with hearing impairment.


Objective: the rise in the prevalence of overweight in pediatric populations is a major health concern. Little is known however, about the prevalence of overweight in younger children. Our objectives were to determine the annual prevalence of overweight in children from junior kindergarten (JK) to grade 3; to assess the persistence of overweight over this time period; and, to identify factors associated with overweight in this group. Methods: annual interviews were completed with parents (primarily the mother) living in economically disadvantaged communities in Ontario who are participating in the Better Beginnings, Better Futures project. Weight and height were measured annually for the children (n=760) beginning in JK. Risk of overweight was defined as body mass index (BMI) ≥ 85th to < 95th percentile; overweight was BMI ≥ 95th percentile. Parents' height and weight were self-reported; BMI ≥ 25 was considered overweight. Results: the risk of overweight among children ranged from 14.1% to 17.5%; the prevalence of overweight increased from 9.9% to 15.2%; 68.2% (15/22) of the children who were overweight in JK were >95th percentile in grade 3. BMI ≥ 85th to < 95th percentile or ≥ 95th percentile in JK were strongly predictive of overweight in grade 3. Almost 50% of the mothers were overweight. Conclusions: A high prevalence of overweight was found in young children; and, for a large proportion, their early weight status persisted. Strategies promoting healthy eating and physical activity for both children and parents are essential.


Objective To investigate the relationship between the rabbits renal interlobar arteria hemodynamics and expression of endogenous transforming growth factor-β1(TGF-β1) in renal ischemia-reperfusion injury(IRI).Methods Rabbits kidney IRI model was established,36 rabbits were divide into sham-operated group and IRI groups.Renal interlobar arteria hemodynamic changes in two groups were monitored by color Doppler flow imaging(CDFI),and the TGF-β1 protein expression level of renal tissue was detected by Strept Avidin-Biotin Complex(SABC) method,then the correlation was analyzed.Results There were no significant hemodynamic changes between sham-operated group and IRI 2h subgroups group,RI of renal interlobar artery was increased in IRI 8h subgroup,and Vmax,PI,RI were increased in IRI 24 h subgroup.There was no significant change of TGF-β1 expression in sham-operation group,The TGF-β1 in IRI subgroup was increased with the degree of IRI.In sham-operation group,the disposition of nephrons was clear and regular,while in IRI group,the renal tubular epithelial cells became more and more turgid with the increase of reperfusion time,ballooning degeneration was found after 24 h.There was no correlation of TGF-β1 expression and hemodynamics of interlobar artery in sham-operated group(P0.05),while there was obvious positive correlation of Vmax,PI,RI and TGF-β1 expression of renal tissue in IRI group(P0.05).Conclusion There is high uniformity between the changes of renal interlobar artery hemodynamics and the degree of renal tissue injury,CDFI can evaluate renal IRI effectively.


The phase-preserving amplitude regeneration scheme based on the bidirectional orthogonal-pumped semiconductor optical amplifier (SOA) is proposed in this work. Experimental investigation into the multiple four-wave mixing (FWM) process from the pump, the signal and their corresponding reflective fields is carried out in detail. The regeneration performance obtained from the product between co-propagating fields is also discussed, including its dependence on the signal launch power and the signal quality, to quantify the amplitude regeneration and the phase preserving behaviors. The amplitude distortion is suppressed by 2.2 dB experimentally, confirming the regeneration capability of the proposed scheme. Moreover, the regeneration performance is further investigated for multiple phase shift keying (MPSK) signals through the simulation. According to the numerical results, the operational parameters of the regenerator are the same for advanced modulation formats, proving the robust operation of the proposed bidirectional orthogonal-pumped SOA configuration.


In recent years, intelligent omnidirectional robots for indoor environment have received wide attention. To improve the accuracy of indoor localization of intelligent omnidirectional robots, this paper proposes a fusion localization method based on graph optimization for UWB(Ultra-wideband) and the odometry of robot. The proposed method first uses the distance between the anchor and the tag measured by UWB to perform least-squares solving to obtain the initial localization value. Then the graph optimization model is constructed based on the UWB range information and odometry displacement information as UWB and odometry constraints, respectively. Then the modified Gaussian Newton method is used to solve all robot positions. The experimental results is carried out, the experiment data show that the localization error is reduced by 30% compared to using only UWB for localization. Compare to the odometry track projection only, the presented method have no significant cumulative error. In addition, the experiment show that the present method has a good robust in positioning predict.


This review incorporates a brief introduction to methods for the analysis of dithiocarbamate pesticides followed by a more detailed discussion of individual methods. Determination of dithiocarbamate residues from foodstuffs, water and commercial samples and in various environmental samples using different techniques is a key feature.


How do preschool teachers express the clarified responsibility to educate children in preschool?This study focused on the resposibility preschool teachers interpret and experience concerning the cl ...


Wall charts are printed materials that show a location, usually in the form of a diagram or process cycle diagram. So that the wall chart looks more attractive to students or teachers, the wall chart is designed using a good color arrangement and proportion settings. The purpose of this research is to find out whether there is an effect of using wall chart media on student achievement and to find out how much influence the use of wall chart media has on increasing student achievement in science subjects. This study uses quantitative research using product moment correlation. The results of this study indicate that there is an influence of wall chart media on increasing learning achievement, this is based on the results of data analysis obtained from respondents using the questionnaire method by applying it to the product moment correlation formula and the media wall chart has a large effect on learning achievement, this is based on the results of data analysis after consulting the r value interpretation table which states the value of r work is 0.751 in the range 0.600 to 0.800 with a high interpretation.


Introduction: Hypovitaminosis D is highly prevalent and constitutes a public health problem worldwide. It can affect more than 90% of individuals, depending on the population studied. Objective: To make a broad analysis of the world literature to compose the State of the Art on serum vitamin D levels and its adequate supplementation, to prevent and mitigate various diseases, based on randomized clinical studies, analysis, and latest international conferences and consensus. Methods: The present study followed a literary review of randomized clinical studies, meta-analysis, and the latest international consensus. Cochrane instrument was adopted to assess the quality of the included studies between 2015 and 2020. Major considerations and conclusion: Laboratory evaluation should be performed by measuring 25(OH)D, and the main groups of individuals at risk for vitamin D deficiency are the elderly, patients with osteoporosis, history of falls and fractures, obese, pregnant women, and infants. For patients with osteoporosis and increased risk of fractures, recommended that concentrations of 25(OH)D remain above 30 ng/mL for full benefits on the prevention of secondary hyperparathyroidism, decreased risk of falls. Special considerations must have taken to pregnant women and infants, in patients with chronic renal failure, obese patients, and those undergoing bariatric surgery. Several clinical studies and current meta-analysis have shown significant results with vitamin D supplementation in cardiovascular complications, diabetes, cancer, autoimmune diseases, cognitive function, among others, with doses above 30 ng/mL, reaching up to 70 ng/mL, and maintaining serum dosage at 50 ng/mL.


There are numerous definitions of the term "spirituality". To a large extent, the diversity of content of these definitions reflects the varied perspectives of their authors. However, collectively, it is clear that this enormously large number of different definitions comprise a relatively small number of common themes. The present paper is concerned with a review of the literature on addictions and spirituality and the data presented here are the preliminary findings from a project, which it is hoped will soon culminate in a full publication.


Abstract This article presents the results of a pilot program conducted in the area of environmental awareness and outdoor recreation skills for people with special needs. The program was created to meet the needs of people with disability to form connections with the natural environment and obtain experience with outdoor recreation pursuits. It was implemented in the public school system at the middle-school level by college undergraduate volunteers. A criterion-based tool was created and tested to measure knowledge and application of content gains from the program. Curricula design and development, program implementation, activity examples, and results of the pre and post tests are discussed. Additionally, recommendations for future collaborative partnerships between educational and recreation/park practitioners are provided.


Retinoic acid, a developmental signal implicated in the formation of the neural axis, is present at high levels in the early embryonic trunk region, where it is synthesized by a novel dehydrogenase. Here we show that the same enzyme is inducible by retinoic acid in P19 teratocarcinoma cells, and we report the cloning from P19 cells of a cDNA encoding a novel dehydrogenase, named retinaldehyde dehydrogenase-2 (RALDH-2). Expression in COS cells shows RALDH-2 to be highly effective in oxidation of retinaldehyde, with no detectable activity on any other aldehyde tested. In situ hybridization histochemistry on the embryonic trunk reveals RALDH-2 mRNA both in mesoderm and neuroectoderm, with highest neuroectodermal expression in the ventral horn of the spinal cord at two restricted locations along the anteroposterior axis, presumably the subpopulation of motoneurons that innervate the limbs.


Following preliminary investigations of the low frequency electric and magnetic fields that may exists in the Earth-ionospheric cavity, measurements were taken with state-of-the art spectrum analyzers. As a follow up to this activity, an investigation was initiated to determine sources and values for possible low frequency signal that would appear in the cavity. The lowest cavity resonance is estimated at about 8 Hz, but lower frequencies may be an important component of our electromagnetic environment. The potential field frequencies produced by the electron were investigated by a classical model that included possible cross coupling of the electric and gravitation fields. During this work, an interesting relationship was found that related the high frequency charge field with the extremely low frequency of the gravitation field. The results of numerical calculations were surprisingly accurate and this area of investigation is continuing. The work toward continued development of a standardized monitoring facility is continuing with the potential of installing the prototype at West Virginia State College early in 1990. This installation would be capable of real time monitoring of ELF signals in the Earth-ionoshpere cavity and would provide some directional information. A high gain, low noise, 1/f frequency corrected preamplifier was designed and tested for the ferrite core magnetic sensor. The potential application of a super conducting sensor for the ELF magnetic field detection is under investigation. It is hoped that a fully operational monitoring network could pinpoint the location of ELF signal sources and provide new information on where these signals originate and what causes them, assuming that they are natural in origin.


This article investigates both the operation and the democratic legitimacy of the European Union committee system. This vast but rarely studied system is an important site of European governance, exercising an increasing amount of policy responsibility while also providing the essential arenas necessary for supranational problem solving. Despite their contribution to the success of the "European project," committees are increasingly coming under attack, notably for their lack of democratic credentials. The article employs original empirical research based on interviews and internal documentary evidence to answer a timely question: does the EU committee system strike an appropriate balance between the values of system effectiveness and democratic legitimacy? Following the application of a set of democratic principles to EU committees, the article finds that a poor balance has been struck between effectiveness and democracy. The article concludes with some operational suggestions for improving this balance in the short-to-medium term.


L., let, F. cal An of tnd of In , of i7). of N. cal ng. ~ric The present study examined perceived stress, stress appraisal, and coping strategies used in relation to exposure to television coverage of terrorist incidents. It was bypothesized that there is relationship betwccn perceived stress,"stress appraisal, coping strategies and television exposure of terrorism. Ninety eight students comprised the sample and were selected from differenl departments of Faculty of Life Sciences, University of the Punjab, Lahore. Perceived Stress Scale (Cohen, Kamarck, & Mermelstein, 1983), Stress Appraisal Measure (Peacock & Wong, 1990), and Coping Strategy Questionnaire (Kausar & Munir, 2004) were used for assessment. There was relationship between perceived stress, stress appraisal and coping strategies. Stress appraisal predicted the type of coping strategies used by the participants. Significant gender differences were found in perceived stress, stress appraisal and coping strategies. Female participant<;perceived more stress than male students, Male participants were watching terrorism on TV significantly more than female participants. Male participants were found to be using significantly more active~practical coping than female participants who used significantly more religious focused coping strategies.


We drive an expression of the lubricant film forces of spherical spiral groove bearings, taking the end effects into account. And we examine the effects of the finiteness of the number of grooves on the stability theoretically. theoretical solutions for load capacity and stability threshold are compared with experimental results. Experimental results are in good agreement with the theoretical ones. We obtain the conclusions as follows. The threshold of stability decreases as the number of grooves lessens. It is necessary to use the theoretical results in this paper in order to predict the threshold on such a bearing, the number of grooves of which is small (e.g. smaller than 5) and the spiral groove angle α of which is large (e.g. α> 30°). However, it is not necessary to consider the finiteness of the number of grooves on such bearings the number of grooves of which is more than 20.


The viscoelastic behavior of polypropylene before and after cyclic preloading was investigated by stress relaxation tests. The relaxation tests were performed after a simple uniaxial tension (number of cycles N = 0) and after the cyclic preloading (N = 50) by use of a closed loop, electrohydraulic, servocontrolled testing machine. The tests were conducted under different sets of strain rate, number of cycles, and strain amplitude. The experimental data were compared with theoretical results analyzed by use of a linear viscoelastic model. The three-element model consists of a Maxwell unit and a Hookean spring in parallel. The calculated results agree well with the experimental ones; in particular, in the relaxation tests after the cyclic preloading (N = 50), the calculated results agree very well with the experimental ones at both the predetermined strain rates of 1,000 μ/s and 10,000 μ/s, at a strain amplitude of ±5%. It can be seen that the linear viscoelastic model explains the viscoelastic characteristics of polypropylene despite the solution of the constitutive equation constructed by the simple three-element model.


ABSTRACT Staff and residents of settings for the aged often hold substantially different views of their shared environment, and the literature suggests that these perceptual discrepancies transcend such factors as degree of institutional totality, quality of care, and differences in personal characteristics among staff and residents. Despite the pervasiveness of staff-resident perceptual discrepancies, there has been virtually no effort toward understanding either their theoretical or applied significance. From a revit.w of the literature on staff-resident perceptual discrepancies in long-term care settings several conclusions emerge. First, it appears evident that status as either staff or resident is more predictive of environmental perceptions than are _other relevant personal characteristics, except for, perhaps, age of residents. Secondly, staff-resident perceptual discrepancies appear to become more pronounced as one shifts from concrete dimensions, such as the physical or organizational characteristics of environments, to more abstract dimensions such as emotionality or degree of resident control. There is also a dearth of information regarding the consequences and behavioral correlates of staff-resident perceptual discrepancies. Finally, the bulk of the research in this area has been descriptive and atheoretical in nature. Further understanding of the implications of this perceptual incongruence will be restricted until adequate theoretical models are developed. (ABL)


Septic arthritis is defined as inflammation of a joint caused by various microorganisms. The aim of this study was to evaluate the diagnosis and treatment characteristics of septic arthritis encountered in 82 calves. Fifty-eight cases were monoarthritis, and 24 cases were polyarthritis. Omphalitis was detected in 17 calves. Dorsal, medial and lateral thermograms of joints revealed hot points (n=82). In ultrasonographic examination, inflammatory effusions with different echogenity were seen. Widening of joint space (n=35) and new bone formation (n=42) were detected by radiography. Arcanobacterium pyogenes and Escherichia coli (83%) were commonly founded microorganisms. Medical treatment was successful in total of 59 calves (71.9%), 1 calf with polyarthritis and 58 calves with monoarthritis. Twenty-three calves were slaughtered because no clinical improvement was observed till the 14 day of treatment.


The article presents data on the tactics and methods of treatment of patients with vesicoureteral reflux (VUR). The article examines the most frequently used methods of treatment of VUR in children (surgical antireflux operations, neoimplantation of the ureter, endoscopic correction, methods of introducing bulk-forming substances) in detail, and analyzes the advantages and disadvantages of the described treatment methods.


Abstract : A comparison between predicted signal returns on the AN/FPS-95 and the observed signal returns from switched reflectors was made. Included in this report are amplitude-time records of both the ground backscatter and the reflector signals. An example is shown which illustrates how frequency diversity improves the detection of the reflector.


In order to investigate the roles of different cell types, metabolite compartmentation in barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) leaf tissue was mapped at the single-cell level, using single-cell sampling and analysis (SiCSA) tech- niques. The partitioning of recently fixed photoassimilate was investigated for the first time at single-cell resolution, using BAMS (biological accelerator mass spectroscopy) for precise measurement of 14 C in femtomole quantities. The data obtained by BAMS qualitatively reflect concentrations of sugars in different cell types measured by SiCSA. Calculation of 14 C-specific activities showed that the radioactive label saturated the mesophyll and parenchymatous bundle sheath (PBS) pools within the 45-min labelling period. During the photoperiod, sucrose concentration increased to 200 mM in mesophyll cells. The concentration of malate also increased during the photoperiod in meso- phyll and PBS cells. Epidermal cells contained very low concentrations of sugar but high concentrations of malate (120-180 mM) and did not show significant diurnal changes. Accumulation of sugars and fructan synthesis could be induced in mesophyll and PBS cells by reduced export of sugars from leaves or, alternatively, when sugars were sup- plied from excised leaf blade bases immersed in a sucrose solution in the dark. The epidermis accumulated addi- tional malate in step with the accumulation of sugar by the mesophyll/PBS cells during the long-term reduction of export. Immunolocalisation of Rubisco and cytochrome oxidase proteins was used to analyse the distribution of enzymes of photoassimilation and respiration between functionally different cells in mature leaves of barley.


The goal of this research was to explore Mexican American cultural elements through folklore as a way of addressing cultural competence. Content analysis of 21 stories, which were collected from Mexican American older adults, indicated that strong family ties, gender roles, and religiosity are central cultural elements in Mexican American culture. Critically evaluating cultural factors and employing constructive cultural elements can assist social work professionals in providing effective social services to this population via culturally competent practice.


This paper focuses on application of novel nature-inspired optimization algorithms to auto-tuning state feedback speed controller (SFC) for permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM). An artificial bee colony (ABC) algorithm and a flower pollination algorithm (FPA) are employed to obtain weighting matrices Q and R elements in linear quadratic regulator (LQR) optimization process. Information concerning principles of operation and influence of the control parameters on the both optimization algorithms are presented. Necessary modifications of ABC and FPA required for their successful application in a field of automatic control of electrical drive are depicted, including introduction of constraint-handling method that assures proper and safety operation of the motor and construction of performance indexes to provide the fulfillment of specified requirements. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first time that FPA is applied to auto-tuning process of SFC. On the basis of numerous tests, including simulation and experimental results, it is shown that the ABC is the most useful among the two optimization algorithms to obtain a better performance of the PMSM drive.


In certain radio-surveillance applications, speech signals with uncertain carrier frequencies may be detected. Beyond other disturbances, carrier mismatches distort the demodulated SSB signals by frequency shifts Δf. Recently, a detection and correction of such errors was presented [1], exploiting the harmonic structure of voiced speech with a fundamental (or "pitch") frequency fp. Noise-robust, modified pitch-detection methods [2, 3] were shown to be applicable, together with an iteratively corrected "coherentsuperposition" algorithm [4, 5]. Thereby, carrier errors are removed reliably [1] though only within an a-priori uniqueness range |Δf| <; fp/2. In the following, the extension beyond this limitation is presented. It emerges from a closer, statistical analysis of the measurement errors: The measurement statistics within this range are interpreted as a conditional probability density function (pdf) pΔf(x|y) conditioned on the actual pitch frequency, its combination with the (measurable) pitch-frequency pdf Pfp (y) yields the joint pdf PΔf,fp(x,y), and its integration gives the marginal pdf PΔf(x). Its evaluation leads to an even narrower reliability range |Δf| <; fp/23, first. The interpretation of the uniqueness range as one period of an Ip-periodic repetition of the measurement statistics, however, leads to the solution: After the same steps as sketched above, the marginal pdf PΔf(x) shows a strong peak at the true value Δf without a (theoretical) restriction. The resulting algorithm was successfully tested with simulated and real data.


Educate one man, you educate one person, but a women and you educate a whole civilization" – Mahatma Gandhi Education is a key factor to human development as well as economic development in any economy. A significant milestone reached in Census 2011, is that the total number of illiterates has come down 304,146,862 in 2001 to 272,950,015 in 2011 persons. Women constitute almost half of the human population and thus social analysts cannot afford to ignore this huge chunk of the population as it would be almost impossible to complete the scheme of things without any role for the 50% of humanity. Women education in India has a major preoccupation of both the government and civil society as educated women can play a very important role in the development of the country. Education as a potent tool of women empowerment because it enables them to responds to the challenges, to confront their traditional position and change their life. Education of women is the key source to change the position in society. Women Education in India has been a need of the hour, as education is a basic requirement to empower the women in the society. Education leads various developments to women personally, economically, socially and so on. Education also brings a reduction in inequalities and increase inclusiveness. The empowerment strengthens the innate ability by way of acquiring knowledge, power, efficiency in work, and experience in the field. Women discovered their own potential and played an equal part in India's struggle for freedom ( Barua, 2003). The relation between female literacy rates and socio-economic development is obvious and has received much attention in the development history. The main objective of the study is to describe the role of education as a key tool to empower women in the economy. The author will be used to both primary and secondary data for analysis. The major finding of the research is education is a key parameter to empower women in the country.


SummaryThe effect of scaffold girdling on the productivity of olive trees was studied on four cultivars grown under intensive irrigated conditions. Girdling increased the yield when done in midwinter (December-February) and to a lesser extent in April. A girdling width of 10–15 mm covered with PVC tape was most effective and promoted rapid healing. Uncovered girdling wounds healed very slowly, with a resultant decline of the scaffold. Girdling increased both inflorescence formation and fruit set. With cv Manzanillo young scaffolds were more responsive than old ones. The responses of different scaffolds on the same tree to girdling were independent of each other. The degree of response of a scaffold to girdling depended on the potential yield of the scaffold in the year of treatment. No direct prevailing effect of the girdling on of the following year's yield was noted.


Jonzi D, one of the leading Hip Hop voices in the UK, creates contemporary theatrical works that merge dance, street art, original scored music and contemporary rap poetry, to create theatrical events that expand a thriving sense of a Hip Hop nation with citizens in the UK, throughout southern Africa and the rest of the world. In recent years Hip Hop has evolved as a performance genre in and of itself that not only borrows from other forms but vitally now contributes back to the body of contemporary practice in the performing arts. As part of this work Jonzi's company Jonzi D Productions is committed to creating and touring original Hip Hop theatre that promotes the continuing development and awareness of a nation with its own language, culture and currency that exists without borders. Through the deployment of a universal voice from the local streets of Johannesburg and the East End of London, Jonzi D creates a form of highly energized performance that elevates Hip Hop as great democratiser between the highly developed global and under resourced local in the world.
It is the staging of this democratised and technologised future (and present), that poses the greatest challenge for the scenographer working with Jonzi and his company, and the associated deprogramming and translation of the artists particular filmic vision to the stage, that this discussion will explore. This paper interrogates not only how a scenographic strategy can support the existence of this work but also how the scenographer as outsider can enter and influence this nation.


Sound propagation from multiple dipole and monopole sources in a system comprising of a horizontally stratified fluid above a horizontally stratified porous elastic solid is modelled using the global matrix method to solve the wave equation. A modified Biot-Stoll model is used for wave propagation in the porous elastic solid. Predictions of sound pressure level in the fluid are compared with other numerical routines to validate the program. Predicted radiation fields due to dipole and monopole sources are compared. Numerical techniques to ensure the accuracy and stability of the solution are described.


The background,object,science connotation and steps of green process integration for organic pollutant treatment process are described.A utilization case of the proposed theory and method is also introduced in instructing the green design of an organic pollutant treatment process in an acrylic acid and acrylate plant which proves the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed method.


During the last decade in Europe, and more specifically in what is regarded as the European South,1 it was observed that the extreme version of austerity politics employed to overcome the crisis of 2008 unleashed strong reactions including violent protests, clashes with the police, scuffles between political groups and acts of vandalism against public property among other acts of opposition. As widely reported by academics, analysts, journalists and activists the Greek context did not stand as an exception. Since 2010, when the Greek government of George Papandreou officially announced that Greece is facing a severe crisis, the numer‐ ous changes witnessed in mainstream politics and the overturn of established political discourses marked also the manifestation of a social conflict which in many instances was experienced or, expressed as violence.


This thesis describes an automatic evaluation approach for estimating the quality of stereo displays and vision systems using image features. The method is inspired by the human visual system. Display of stereo images is widely used to enhance the viewing experience of three-dimensional (3D) visual displays and communication systems. Applications are numerous and range from entertainment to more specialized applications such as: 3D visualization and broadcasting, robot tele-operation, object recognition, body exploration, 3D teleconferencing, and therapeutic purposes. Consequently, perceived image quality is important for assessing the performance of 3D imaging applications. There is no doubt that subjective testing (i.e., asking human viewers to rank the quality of stereo images) is the most accurate method for quality evaluation. It reflects true human perception. However, these assessments are time consuming and expensive. Furthermore, they cannot be done in real time. Therefore, the goal of this research is to develop an objective quality evaluation methods (computational models that can automatically predict perceived image quality) correlating well with subjective predictions that are required in the field of quality assessment. I believe that the perceived distortion and disparity of any stereoscopic display ii


BACKGROUND
Carotid angioplasty and stenting (CAS) is now a viable alternative to carotid endarterectomy (CEA) in patients considered to be high-risk candidates for surgery, despite recent reports of increased adverse periprocedural outcomes in elderly patients. We sought to evaluate our single-institution experience and the 30-day perioperative outcomes of CEA in patients 75 years or older, who are traditionally considered high-risk surgical candidates and are recommended for CAS.

DESIGN
Retrospective medical record review.

SETTING
Academic tertiary care center.

PATIENTS
All patients 75 years or older undergoing CEA during a 16-year period.

MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES
Primary outcome of 30-day perioperative stroke, death, or myocardial infarction (MI) and a composite outcome of stroke, death, or MI. Secondary outcomes of all perioperative complications were exclusive of primary outcomes.

RESULTS
One hundred seventeen CEAs were performed in 110 patients 75 years or older. Significant medical comorbidities were well represented among the group. Among the patients, 50.4% were symptomatic, 60.7% had greater than 90% carotid stenosis, and 44.4% had contralateral disease. Primary outcome for any stroke, death, or MI was 1.7%, 0.9%, or 3.4%, respectively, with a composite event rate of any stroke or death of 2.6%. One or more secondary outcomes were experienced by 26.5% of patients.

CONCLUSIONS
Carotid endarterectomy in elderly patients with significant comorbidities, traditionally thought to be a high-risk undertaking, is a safe procedure with periprocedural risks of stroke, death, and MI equivalent to those of younger patients. In light of the increased stroke risk in elderly patients with CAS, CEA remains the criterion standard for prevention of stroke in this patient population.


AIM
To assess the clinical outcomes of treatment for radiation-induced meningiomas.

MATERIAL AND METHODS
Medical records of all cranial meningioma cases which diagnosed or/and underwent surgery in our hospital, during a 7-year period from 2009 to 2016 were retrospectively reviewed. All radiation-associated meningiomas were selected as the core sample used for this study.

RESULTS
This series included one female and three male patients with mean age 47.3±16.3 years on average. The mean preoperative course was less than three months. The most common presenting symptom was headache (100%). Three patients had alopecia and thin scalp skin. The mean age when received radiotherapy was 18.5±13.7. The mean latency period was 19.2±7.4 years. The first malignancies were two desmoplastic medulloblastomas (13-year-old female, 65Gy), (11-year-old male, 54Gy) and one oligodendroglioma-gradeII (39-year-old male, 30Gy). One patient received radiotherapy for chronic otitis (10-year-old male, Low-dose). The histopathological examinations were revealed (fibroblastic-gradeI, Ki-67 was 2-3%, 25.5years, cerebellopontine angle), (atypical meningioma-gradeII, ki-67 was 8%, 21years, frontal) and (transitional-gradeI, ki-67 was 3-4%, 11years, frontal), respectively. Fourth patient had three radiation-induced meningiomas and 27 radiation-induced cavernomas. This patient had treated using gamma knife. The mean follow-up period was 34.8±39.4 months. One patient had rhinorrhea, another one was experienced CSF fistula. Both of them were re-operated. The former was lost after involved with meningitis on postoperative 31st day.

CONCLUSION
Most radiation-induced meningiomas are low-grade, but they have high trend to recurrence. Close follow-up and yearly MRI would minimize their morbidity rate. To reduce fatal complications, surgery has to plan with plastic surgeons.


The influence of Co2O3 doped amount on dielectric and piezoelectric properties of (Ba0.85Ca0.15)(Zr0.1Ti0.9)O3 (BCZT) lead-free piezoelectric ceramics was studied by scanning electron microscope(SEM) and X-ray diffraction(XRD) and other analytical methods and conventional solid state method. TiO2 was chemically pure raw materials, other raw materials were analytical pure raw materials. The results showed that Perovskite structure of BCZT lead-free piezoelectric ceramics did not change when doped with Co2O3, the intensity of diffraction peaks of BCZT increased first and then decreased, the grain crystal size of ceramics increased first and then decreased, the density of ceramics increased first and then decreased when Co2O3 doped amount increased. The microstructure of ceramics was the best when Co2O3 doped amount was 0.40 wt.%. This was also reason for the good piezoelectric properties. The piezoelectric properties(d33, kp, kt) of BCZT lead-free piezoelectric ceramics increased first and then decreased, the relative dielectric constant(er) decreased, dielectric loss increased first and then decreased when Co2O3 doped amount increased. The comprehensive performance of BCZT lead-free piezoelectric ceramics was optimum when Co2O3 doped amount was 0.40 wt.% which piezoelectric strain constant(d33) was 171pC/N, relative dielectric constant(εr) was 22400, planar electromechanical coupling coefficient(kp) was 0.478, dielectric loss was 0.018, electromechanical coupling coefficient of thickness(kt) was 0.041, sintered temperature was 1340°C.


Support Vector Data Description (SVDD) is a machine learning technique used for single class classification and outlier detection. SVDD formulation with kernel function provides a flexible boundary around data. The value of kernel function parameters affects the nature of data boundary. For example, it is observed that with Gaussian kernel, as the value of kernel bandwidth is lowered, the data boundary changes from spherical to wiggly. The spherical data boundary leads to underfitting and extremely wiggly data boundary leads to overfitting. In this paper we propose an empirical criteria to obtain a good value of Gaussian kernel bandwidth which provides a smooth boundary capturing the essential visual features of the data.


This paper presents the result of a work orientated to the spectral optimization of the acquisition devices in vascular biometrics systems. Spectral windows are proposed which will allow to design a multispectral system with a few and well defined bands, obtaining a more robust and reliable device, compared with the standard single band systems. This is in accordance to general trend of electro-optical and infrared acquisition systems in the field of the detection and remote sensing, where the work focus is on obtaining optimized bands. To carry out this work a Hyperespectral Imaging System (HIS) has been used as the acquisition system. In order to analyze the large amount of information and to select the spectral bands, a Principal Component Analysis (PCA) has been done.


Abstract A path planning method of mobile robot using both fuzzy logic and driver's driving experience is proposed. Double layers fuzzy logic is used to control both the speed and the turning angle of the mobile robot. A method of "virtual tazget" is introduced to deal with the problem of local minimal, which often occurs in local path planning. The results of simulation and experiment show its effectiveness and feasibility.


ABSTRACT This article aims to discuss the relation between political theology and apartheid critically. The relation is traced by reconsidering Carl Schmitt's notion of political theology and the accompanying friend-enemy distinction within the South African context in dialogue with Achille Mbembe. The political theology of apartheid is accordingly analysed as the creation of a racial figure of enmity intertwined with a religious myth. Within this heuristic framework, the philosophical roots of the racial concept of the "K"-figure – as a figure of enmity – are outlined by delineating its foundations in the metaphysics of modernity with specific reference to the writings of Immanuel Kant. This concept is further considered regarding its intertwinement with the creation of the religious myth of justify Afrikaner Nationalism Volk as a chosen people of God, used to justify the Afrikaner nationalism and apartheid ideology. Finally, the opening of a space is sketched where the task of rethinking the political ontologically within a post-apartheid world may take place. The task that attempts to avoid a reconstitution of the political theology of apartheid in new figures of enmity, both religious and racial, while opening the possibility for the reparation of the dignity of those it was stolen from.


We develop a numerical method for solving a free boundary problem which describes shape relaxation, by surface tension, of a long and thin bubble of an inviscid fluid trapped inside a viscous fluid in a Hele-Shaw cell. The method of solution of the exterior Dirichlet problem employs a classical boundary integral formulation. Our version of the numerical method is especially advantageous for following the dynamics of a very long and thin bubble, for which an asymptotic scaling theory has been recently developed. Because of the very large aspect ratio of the bubble, a direct implementation of the boundary integral algorithm would be impractical. We modify the algorithm by introducing a new approximation of the integrals which appear in the Fredholm integral equation and in the integral expression for the normal derivative of the pressure at the bubble interface. The new approximation allows one to considerably reduce the number of nodes at the almost flat part of the bubble interface, while keeping a good accuracy. An additional benefit from the new approximation is in that it eliminates numerical divergence of the integral for the tangential derivative of the harmonic conjugate. The interface's position is advanced in time by using explicit node tracking, whereas the larger node spacing enables one to use larger time steps. The algorithm is tested on two model problems, for which approximate analytical solutions are available.


This report gives the results of 412 experiments testing the prophylactic and therapeutic value of 190 chemical compounds on poliomyelitis and St. Louis encephalitis infections in white Swiss mice. This study was initiated in 1939 and is part of a long range effort to test systematically the usefulness of a wide variety of compounds, both old and new, in preventing or in modifying the outcome of certain experimental virus infections.
 In view of our special interest in poliomyelitis, two neurotropic viruses were selected to serve as test experimental infections. One was the mouse-adapted Armstrong Lansing strain of poliomyelitis, and the other was the Webster strain of mouse-adapted St. Louis encephalitis virus. The chemical compounds were supplied to us by a cooperating group of manufacturing concerns.2
 Among the 190 compounds tested we found none which possessed any significant prophylactic or therapeutic action on the two test experimental infections.


6201 aluminum alloy wires were prepared by SCR process and on-line solution, and the microstructures and properties of wires were investigated. The results show that the graphics of T6 treated are composed of Al-matrix, acicular hardening β″ (Mg2Si) and slice Si. The microstructures of the wires are equiaxed grains, and the wires tensile strengths first increase but then decrease with the aging time prolonging, while the elongation and resistivity decrease, meanwhile, their changing tendencies become sharp with increasing the aging temperature. Properties of T6-treated wires achieve that of CHTA process, and the tensile strength of the wires can be improved obviously by cold drawing, while the increased resistivity can be reduced by a suitable aging process.


The Serra de Itabaiana National Park is distinguished by its phytophysiognomic diversity, among which, a locally known as Areias Brancas (white sands), an open vegetation, ranging from herb-shrub to shrub-tree and classified by some authors as restinga or cerrado, depending on its size. Aiming to characterize and classify vegetational type were selected two sites in Areias Brancas of Serra de Itabaiana National Park and built a list following deposited material in the ASE Herbarium and additional sampling. To the phytosociological study it was used the wandering quarter method, sampling all individuals with trunk circumference (> 15 cm) at breast height (1.30 m). It was verified, at the Areias Brancas, the occurrence of 193 species belonging to 145 genera and 60 families that are mostly represented by herb and shrub species. It is noticeable the high number of species found in Areias Brancas when compared with studies conducted throughout the National Park. There are significant floristic similarity between sampling sites, but structurally the two areas should be considered as different sucessional faces, due to variations in density, height and dominance. Even with plant species in common, the Areias Brancas of the National Park can not be classified as restinga or cerrado for not having common origins for these formations. The Areias Brancas should be considered as an ecological refuge, an azonal vegetation derived from the special conditions of substrate formation.


Community education has been popular in China for eight years and has achieved a great social success.It helps with our rational understandings,and accumulatesexperiences of the community education,so that it has become a significant means of reconstruction of the social harmony in China.


s presented at the autumn meeting of the Association of Cardiothoracic Anaesthetists (ACTA) in Plymouth, 1 November 2002 The use of a novel imaging technique to evaluate patency of coronary grafts C. Coles, D. Taggart, B. Choudhary, Y. Abu-Omar, L. Balacumaraswami and D. Pigott 1 Dept of Anaesthesia and 2 Dept of Cardiothoracic Surgery, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, UK Early failure of coronary artery grafts is a major cause of morbidity and mortality after cardiac surgery and has been noted in up to 5-20% of patients [1]. There are particular concerns regarding the quality of the anastomoses during off-pump surgery [2]. Unfortunately it is clinically difficult to assess the patency of the grafts at the time of surgery. Several techniques have been described including electromagnetic, ultrasound, Doppler and thermal coronary angiography. These all have their limitations and are very often operator dependant.


We propose to show in this paper that some laws of geometrical optics hold true for hyperbolic geometry. Likewise optical properties of certain curves can be carried over. All the proofs given will be valid for elliptic geometry, as long as there are no parallel lines involved. Fermat's principle may be stated as follows: The path of a light ray from a point A to a point B under known conditions is such that the time taken by the light to traverse it is a minimum. In order to find the law of reflection based on this principle, we shall use Cartesian coordinates [6, p. 138].1 Let (0, a) be the coordinates of A and (c, b) those of B, where a>0, 5>0. A and B are joined to a point P(x, 0) on the x-axis (surface of the mirror). Then the function z = AP-\-PB has to be minimized (cf. [2, p. 164]). By trigonometry [3, p. 238]: cosh AP = cosh a cosh x, whence


In this study, the impact behaviors of nano silica (SiO2 nanoparticles), MWCNTs (multi-walled carbon nanotube), and SiO2+MWCNTs (nano silica vs multi-walled carbon nanotube hybrid) nanoparticle additives in basalt fiber reinforced composites exposed to seawater corrosion were investigated. The Mediterranean was chosen as the corrosive sea water due to its high salinity. Basalt fiber reinforced composites immersed in seawater have quick mass absorption during the first 30 days. However, it can also vary between the first 28 and 40 days depending on the structure of the composite and environmental conditions. Immersion times were determined as 0, 10, 20, and 40 days. Tensile and low velocity impact tests were performed to evaluate the mechanical performance after seawater corrosion. Low velocity impact tests were carried out at 10 and 20 J energy levels. The aim of this study was to examine the effects of corrosion caused by quick mass absorption on the tensile and impact behaviors of basalt fiber reinforced composites. And also to investigate the contribution of SiO2 and MWCNT nanoparticle additives to the mass absorption mechanism and mechanical performance of basalt fiber reinforced composites. SiO2 and MWCNT nanoparticle additives increased the tensile and impact strength of basalt fiber reinforced composites. However, the tensile and impact behaviors of nanoparticle filled and nanoparticles unfilled basalt fiber reinforced composites were adversely affected by the seawater corrosion environment. Due to the geometric structure of SiO2 nanoparticles, the best mechanical performance was observed in SiO2 filled basalt fiber reinforced composites.


Over the last years citric acid was produced by direct extraction from citrus fruits. By this method the production rate and purification was very low which was unable to meet the increasing demand of the citric acid in the market, also the waste generated during production was very high that lead to environmental concern. There is a demand of alternative method that can produce Citric acid at low cost, high production rate and generate less waste. For this, fermentation techniques were introduced for the production of the citric acid. Citric acid is one of the commercial important organic acid produced by the fermentation. The various fermentation methods such as surface, submerged and solid state were used for the production. In this book were discussed the various factors affecting the production rate, history of the production methods, microbial strains used for the production, biochemistry of the CA production by Aspergillus niger, production techniques and recovery process.


English Language Teaching (ELT) has no professional body controlling entry to the profession, and there is a lack of clarity in the literature on the role and content of both pre-service teacher education and in-service teacher development. This paper builds on socioeconomic models of professionalism in an attempt to develop valid criteria for both. Professionalism as a system of rewarding and controlling expert labour is defined and the legitimacy of forming professional bodies is discussed. The criteria are then applied to ELT as a critique of existing pre-service and in-service teacher education, and suggestions are made for the professionalization of ELT. Keywords : professionalism, pre-service education, in-service education, ELT.