[Abstract]: The healthcare industry in Australia has started using Personal Digital Assistants (PDA) due to the flexibility and ease of use. While certain applications are suitable to PDAs, due to the sensitivity of operations in an emergency department in a hospital, the use of PDAs is not attempted in Western Australian hospitals. In 2002, a team of third year students from Murdoch University, Perth, Western Australia developed a wireless system for the emergency department at St. John of God Health Care (SJOGHC) in Perth. The Centre for Electronic Commerce and Internet Studies (CECIS) at Murdoch University in conjunction with SJOGHC facilitated this project using wireless technology. This paper discusses various engineering issues encountered and how they were resolved.


Adding a small amount of commercial GeO(2) into aqueous suspension significantly enhanced the photocatalytic activity of titania-based photocatalysts for the degradation of dyes.


We propose ultrahigh-speed multifunctional all-optical logic gates AND, NOR, XNOR, S1S2, S1S2, XOR, half adder, half subtracter, decoder and comparator based on four-wave mixing in semiconductor optical amplifiers with polarization-shift-keying modulated signals.


The care for liver-diseased patients presenting with hepatocellular cancer (HCC) is changing rapidly. Many treatment possibilities and caregivers belonging to a multitude of specialities troubled the therapeutic algorithm of the liver cancer patients. HCC in both normal and diseased livers has to be considered firstly as a surgical disease. The possibilities of surgery, including liver resections, as well as liver transplantation, have been underestimated and even been minimalized mainly as a consequence of many studies promoting in an unlimited way all different kinds of locoregional non-surgical and systemic therapies. Locoregional therapies and surgical procedures should not be seen as competing, but as complementary treatment options. Locoregional therapies are of value if surgery is not possible; in the context of transplantation they have an important role as 'downstaging procedures' allowing for bringing of transplantable patients into the required inclusion criteria. Systemic therapies and living donor liver transplantation will without any doubt occupy a more important role in the future therapeutic scheme of HCC.


This paper deals with the inspection of pipeline by means of Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV). The different methods of pipeline inspection, its technical and economic efficiency have been examined. The theoretical and experimental base for air monitoring on base of On Board Infrared Equipment (OBIE) have been examined. The method of pipeline inspection by means of UAV has been proposed. The descriptions of the equipments and services are presented. Key-Words: Pipeline, leakage, inspection, unmanned aerial vehicle.


Electronic limit-order trading systems have been sweeping securities exchanges around the world since the last decade. This paper studies a case of transition, namely, a group of moderately liquid stocks that started trading on SETS of the London Stock Exchange. The evidence reveals that the liquidity of those stocks substantially dropped after the introduction of the limit order book despite the presence of a dealer network. The transition provides an intriguing example that a hybrid market where a limit order book and dealers co-exist may not perform as well as a dealership market.


The accumulation of storage compounds is an important aspect of cereal seed metabolism. Due to the agronomical importance of the storage reserves of starch, protein and oil, the understanding of storage metabolism is of scientific interest with practical applications in agronomy and plant breeding. To get insight into storage patterning in developing cereal seed in response to environmental and genetic perturbation, a computational analysis of seed metabolism was performed. A metabolic network of primary metabolism in the developing endosperm of barley (Hordeum vulgare) , a model plant for temperate cereals, was constructed which includes 257 biochemical and transport reactions across four different compartments. The model was subjected to flux balance analysis (FBA) to study grain yield and metabolic flux distributions in response to oxygen depletion and enzyme deletion. In general, the simulation results were found to be in good agreement with the main biochemical properties of barley seed storage metabolism. The predicted growth rate and the active metabolic pathway patterns under anoxic, hypoxic and aerobic conditions predicted by the model were in accordance with published experimental results. In addition, the model predictions gave insight into the potential role of PP i -metabolism to maintain seed metabolism under oxygen deprivation. carboxylase. Phenotype phase plane analysis: the phenotypic phase plane (PhPP) revealing the dependence of seed storage metabolism on sucrose and oxygen supply. To obtain the range of optimal flux distributions (i.e. optimal phenotypic behavior) in response to changes in the sucrose and oxygen supply, PhPP analysis was performed by representing the sucrose and oxygen uptake rates as two axes on the (x,y)-plane and by computing the optimal flux distributions for all points in the plane. Based on the demarcation of regions of constant flux distributions, the optimal flux distributions in the PhPP are classified into a finite number of regions, each with a distinct metabolic pathway utilization pattern, corresponding to a different optimal phenotypic behavior. In the given example, the PhPP is divided into 5 phases (P1 each characterized by a distinct optimal use of seed metabolism. of optimality a defines the optimal ratio of the substrate uptake rates for maximal biomass yield. the conditions used to simulation scenarion these to the uptake rates (sucrose uptake rate, oxygen uptake used to simulate the metabolic flux distribution characterizing a phase (See and Methods for detail). Carbon flux maps depicting the key fluxes within the cytosolic glycolysis and sucrose-to-starch pathway of: (A) the anoxic phase: Phase 1, (B) the hypoxic phase: Phase 3, and (C) the aerobic phase: LO. Simulations were performed using the growth conditions outlined for simulation scenario 1. The representation of glycolysis is restricted to the ATP-utilizing reactions PFK and PK and the PP i -utilizing bypass PFP and PPDK to focus on differences between ATP- and PP i -dependent glycolysis in response to oxygen supply. The pathway patterns shown in (A) and (C) are also used by Phase 2 and 4, respectively. Reactions: AGPase: ADP-glucose pyrophosphorylase; FK: fructokinase; PFK: ATP:fructose-6-phosphate 1-phosphotransferase; PFP: pyrophosphate:fructose-6-phosphate 1-phosphotransferase; PK: pyruvate kinase; PPDK: pyruvate orthophosphate dikinase; SuSy: sucrose synthase; UGPase: UDP-glucose pyrophosphorylase. Metabolites: ADPglc: ADP-glucose; Frc: fructose, F6P: fructose 6-phosphate; F1,6BP: fructose 1,6-bisphosphate; G1P: glucose 1-phosphate; PEP: phosphoenolpyruvate; pyr: pyruvate; UDPglc: UDP-glucose.


This paper analyses a model of competition where the (cid:133)rms set not only prices but also the complexity levels of their prices (which determine how di¢ cult it is for consumers to assess the price o⁄ers). Unlike previous work, in this model, the (cid:133)rms(cid:146)confusion technology may be non-linear in the aggregate complexity level. The equilibrium probability of using high complexity increases in the number of (cid:133)rms but decreases in the convexity of the confusion technology. In large markets, the (cid:133)rms use high complexity almost surely. However, the industry pro(cid:133)t converges to the highest level with concave technologies and to the lowest level with convex technologies. An increase in consumer sophistication, which bene(cid:133)ts the consumers, may not reduce market complexity


With the aim of analyzing large-sized multidimensional single-cell datasets, we are describing our method for Cosine-based Tanimoto similarity-refined graph for community detection using Leiden's algorithm (CosTaL). As a graph-based clustering method, CosTaL transforms the cells with high-dimensional features into a weighted k-nearest-neighbor (kNN) graph. The cells are represented by the vertices of the graph, while an edge between two vertices in the graph represents the close relatedness between the two similar cells. Specifically, CosTaL builds an exact kNN graph using cosine similarity and uses the Tanimoto coefficient as the refining strategy to re-weight the edges in order to improve the effectiveness of clustering. We demonstrate that CosTaL generally achieves equivalent or higher effectiveness scores on seven benchmark cytometry datasets and six single-cell RNA-sequencing datasets using six different evaluation metrics, compared with other state-of-the-art graph-based clustering methods, including PhenoGraph, Scanpy, and PARC. CosTaL is also the most efficient algorithm on large datasets, suggesting that CosTaL generally has better scalability than the other methods, which is beneficial for large-scale analysis.


Generalized order statistics, and thus sequential order statistics with conditional proportional hazard rates, are shown to form a regular exponential family in the model parameters. This structure is utilized to derive maximum likelihood estimators for these parameters or functions of them along with several properties of the estimators. The Fisher information matrix is stated, and asymptotic efficiency is shown.


Protection against vibration nuisance in order to maintain satisfactory conditions during work, sleep, rest and recreation was specified in the Norwegian building regulations in 1997. Problems with soft clay with high water content in densely populated areas cause vibration problems in dwellings from heavy road and rail traffic. A qualified vibration measurement method for transport sources was published as Norwegian standard NS 8176 in 1999. An empirical method for determination of statistical maximum values of velocity or acceleration (vw,95 or aw,95) and guidelines for the assessment of vibrations is introduced and exposure-effect curves presented as a basis for a classification system with four vibration classes in relation to the vibration nuisance.


Phantom limb pain is a neuropathic condition in which a person feels pain in a limb that is not present. Cognitive treatments that visually recreate the limb in an attempt to create a cross modal interaction between vision, and touch/proprioception have shown to be effective at alleviating this pain. With improvements in technology, Virtual Mirror Therapy is starting to gain favor, however, there are currently no applications that utilize passive touch in the same way non-virtual reality applications do. This paper investigates whether a visual stimulus can relocate a tactile stimulus to a different location using principles from the rubber hand illusion and mirror therapy. We demonstrate that a displaced visual stimulus in virtual reality can disrupt accurate spatial perception of a physical vibrotactile sensation however the effects are small and require further investigation.


Stellate ganglion block is most commonly used in pain clinic because it is an easy procedure and it has broad indications reported that Angina pectoris, tachyarrhythmia and long QT syndrome (LQTS) are indicated. LQTS is a disorder of the abnormalities of cardiac sympathetic innervation and of myocardial repolarization. LQTS is characterized by marked prolongation of the QT interval, often manifestating as syncope, seizures, or sudden death due to polymorphic ventricular tachyarrhythmia known as torsades de pointes. Treatment of symptomatic patients usually begin with beta blocker. The elective treatment of LQTS patients unresponsive to beta blocker is the left cardiac sympathetic denervation. We report a case of LQTS patient who had received stellate ganglion block.


The invention relates to a method for carrying out a driving maneuver, in which a vehicle (10) are associated with a parking assistance system and an external control means (20), and wherein via the external control means (20) to the vehicle (10) at least a command and an associated marked location ( 36) or a highlighted area (38) is transmitted. Further, given that either the parking assistance system is instructed via a command, to the selected location (36) or in the marked area (38) not to park the vehicle (10) and / or the parking assistance system is dependent on a command to be considered when planning a driving maneuver the selected location (36) or the selected area (38) as not passable. Further aspects of the invention relate to a parking assist system, an external control means (20) and a vehicle (10) comprising a parking assist system.


The invention belongs to the technical field of health-care oral liquid and relates to an oral liquid for benefiting qi, nourishing blood and beautifying face and a preparation process thereof; the oral liquid for benefiting qi, nourishing blood and beautifying face comprises 3-7.5 parts of membranous milkvetch root, 3-9 parts of dried longan pulp, 3-9 parts of Chinese angelica, 2-5 parts of Chinese date, 2-5 parts of white paeony root, 2-5 parts of barbary wolfberry fruit and 1-3 parts of sugar candy; the traditional Chinese medicine theory is applied, and blood of a human body is supplemented from three aspects comprising semen, qi and blood, outside of the body is nourished from inside of the body, the blood is sufficient, the face glowing is realized naturally and the beautifying effect is further achieved; the formula is reasonable, the product efficiency is high, and the oral liquid has the effects of invigorating kidney, filling semen, benefiting qi, strengthening spleen, nourishing blood, promoting blood circulation, beautifying face and the like; the preparation process comprises the steps of preparing medicinal raw materials, extracting Chinese angelica volatile oil, mixing, extracting, concentrating filtrate, filtering, performing cryoprecipitation on extraction solution, dissolving the sugar candy and filling; and the operation is simple, the production cost is reduced, and the preparation process is applicable to industrial production.


This paper presents an 8.69 Mvertices/s, 278 Mpixels/s, 15.7 mm2 tiled-based 3D graphics SoC HW/SW supporting OpenGL ES 1.0 running at 139 MHz. The SoC also includes embedded circuitry to monitor run time characteristics, detect bus protocol error/inefficiency, and capture bus traces at various abstraction levels with compression ratio up to 98%.


Hand washing is carried out before and after carrying out nursing actions even though wearing gloves and other personal protective equipment. This action is to reduce the microorganisms on the hands so that the spread of infection can be reduced. when washing hands, is when hands are dirty, when arriving and before leaving the hospital, before and after performing the procedure, contact with patients, the patient's environment, before and after preparing food, and after going to the bathroom. Hand washing indicators are used and must be done to anticipate the transfer of germs through the hands. hand sanitizer that functions as an antiseptic, hand lotion, and under yellow plastic for contaminated or infected waste), dryers such as tissues, hand towels, gloves (gloves), liquid soap or liquid wastefel there are footwear from towel


Evolving cost‐effective transition metal phosphides (TMPs) using general approaches for energy storage is pivotal but challenging. Besides, the absence of noble metals and high electrocatalytic activity of TMPs allow their applicability as catalysts in oxygen evolution reaction (OER). Herein, CoNiP‒CoP2 (CNP‒CP) composite is in situ deposited on carbon fabric by a one‐step hydrothermal technique. The CNP‒CP reveals hybrid nanoarchitecture (3D‐on‐1D HNA), i.e., cashew fruit‐like nanostructures and nanocones. The CNP‒CP HNA electrode delivers higher areal capacity (82.8 μAh cm–2) than the other electrodes. Furthermore, a hybrid cell assembled with CNP‒CP HNA shows maximum energy and power densities of 31 μWh cm–2 and 10.9 mW cm–2, respectively. Exclusively, the hybrid cell demonstrates remarkable durability over 30 000 cycles. In situ/operando X‐ray absorption near‐edge structure analysis confirms the reversible changes in valency of Co and Ni elements in CNP‒CP material during real‐time electrochemical reactions. Besides, a quasi‐solid‐state device unveils its practicability by powering electronic components. Meanwhile, the CNP‒CP HNA verifies its higher OER activity than the other catalysts by revealing lower overpotential (230 mV). Also, it exhibits relatively small Tafel slope (38 mV dec–1) and stable OER activity over 24 h. This preparation strategy may initiate the design of advanced TMP‐based materials for multifunctional applications.


On 11 December 2019, the European Commission officially presented its proposed carbon border adjustment mechanism (CBAM), which seeks to address carbon leakage by putting a price on carbon-intense imports into the European Union (EU). In essence, importers in targeted sectors (cement, electricity, fertilizers, iron, steel and aluminium) would be required to monitor and declare greenhouse gases (GHG) emissions embedded in products coming from outside the EU so as to purchase and surrender each year 'certificates' offsetting such emissions. Such a carbon border adjustment, to the extent it only covers specific sectors, at least in its initial phase, would not equally affect African countries. Trade with most of the continent would – in general – not be subject to such an adjustment. However, specific industries, primarily in Northern and Southern Africa, including in least developed countries, would shoulder the pain associated with such an adjustment, both in terms of costs and risks of trade diversion. Africa has little contributed to the situation which the EU seeks to tackle by putting a price on carbon globally. In order to mitigate the impact on Africa, specific tools should be considered, including outright exclusions, reinforced cooperation towards decarbonization and partnerships building on existing trade agreements.
Africa, Algeria, Egypt, Libya, Morocco, Tunisia, Mozambique, South Africa, Zimbabwe, Trade, Environment, Energy, Carbon Leakage, Carbon Border Adjustment, Border Adjustment, European Union


Dual Apodization with Cross-correlation (DAX) is a novel beamforming technique that utilizes a pair of complementary receive apodizations for clutter suppression in ultrasound imaging. The effectiveness of DAX in-vivo is often reduced because of the strong reverberation clutter signals caused by near-field structures. In this work, we propose a modified version of DAX, known as Multi-Apodization with Cross-correlation (MAX), which suppresses reverberation clutter in a highly robust manner by utilizing multiple pairs of receive apodizations followed by normalized cross-correlation. Our simulation, experimental and initial clinical results show that MAX achieves a large improvement over DAX in terms of image contrast and shows great potential for more accurate diagnosis in clinics.


Fatigue damage in graphite/epoxy composite samples is quantitatively examined from ultrasonic transmission power spectra. The spectra were obtained with a new measurement system which combines the phase insensitive acoustoelectric transducer with the frequency-tracked tone-burst spectroscopy technique. A mathematical model of the transmission spectra was employed which quantitatively parametrized the reflection coefficient, the attenuation coefficient, and the phase velocity A computer code was developed which least-squares fits the mathematical model to the measured transmission spectra and generated simultaneous values of the model parameters. This multiparameter characterization technique is used to examine fatigue damage in graphite/epoxy composites.


Each year, manufacturers develop better and more effective processors. As a reaction to this continuous development, developers of software have to adapt their software to those new processors. At least, code of an operating system has to be changed to enable execution of other user applications. Most of modern embedded operating systems have a kernel architecture. It means that those operating systems manage: I/O devices of a processor, memory of a system, and scheduling of tasks. When the operating system has to be used on a new processor architecture, mentioned blocks have to be modified. Mostly affected part of an operating system is its platform dependent layer. In this layer, the code connected to the processor architecture has to be changed. In our work we proposed a framework for an operating system management which helps to reduce complexity of an adaptation process. In this paper we present concept of this framework. Keywords-Adaptation of Embedded Operating systems, Formal description of Processors, Source Code Generation, Processor Structure


Arts sponsorship is very much a Cinderella sister of sports sponsorship. The amounts involved are vastly different, media exposure is much smaller and advertising opportunities are less. Major objectives of arts sponsors are promotion of the corporate image, enhancement of community relations, and, to a certain degree, the promotion of brand awareness. An in‐depth case study by Middlesex Business School of the Peterborough Festival of Country Music revealed four main types of sponsors. Sponsorship was identified as coming together in a field of flux rather than a strict matching. Characteristics of both the Company and Event were identified which were influential in determining the process of sponsorship. When identified, these characteristics enable an accurate picture of the sponsorship relationship to be drawn. With this in focus, wider issues of control and policy, social influences and ideology in relation to cultural issues may be considered.


The principle of religious liberty may well lay claim to being the foundation of all civil liberties and a democratic state. The concept of religious liberty was the inevitable result of a way of thinking about the nature of religion, the nature of the human person, and the nature of the state. By "religious liberty" is meant the inherent right of a person to profess or not to profess a religious faith; to worship or not to worship, in public or in private, according to one's own conscience, understanding, or preferences; to witness to or to propagate one's faith or beliefs; to join in association with others of like faith or beliefs; and to change one's religious identity or beliefs-all without hindrance, molestation, or discrimination. In the words of Lord Acton more than a century ago, "Religious liberty. . . is possible only where the coexistence of different religions is admitted, with an equal right to govern themselves according to their own several principles."1 To express it in somewhat more restrictive terms, religious liberty requires the absence of discrimination based on one's religion or belief-namely the equality of all religions, as well as irreligion, before the law. It also requires that a citizen neither enjoy advantages nor suffer disadvantages because of one's religion or beliefs.2 I. RELIGIOUS LIBERTY IS INTEGRAL TO THE NATURE OF RELIGION The concept of religious liberty is integral to the nature of religion. For this reason, religious intolerance, including any form of discrimination based on religion or belief, is antithetical to religion and is, indeed, religion's worst adversary. To believe is a voluntary act. To be true to itself, authentic religion must wait upon the voluntary responses of persons who are free from coercion. Recognition of this principle was conceded by the early church fathers. Near the close of the second century, Justin Martyr, who argued for the principle of the logos spermatikos, namely that the seed of the divine word is to be found in all humankind-even in those outside of the Christian tradition-perceptively wrote, "[N]othing is more contrary to religion than constraint."3 In the third century, when Emperor Septimus Severus issued a decree in A.D. 202 forbidding conversion to Christianity, Tertullian wrote that freedom of religion is a fundamental right. "It is a matter of both human and natural law," he declared, "that every man can worship as he pleases.... It is not in the nature of religion to impose itself by force," but "should be adopted freely."4 Almost a century later, and with considerable insight into the nature of religion, Athanasius declared, "It is not with the sword and spear, nor with soldiers and armed force that truth is to be propagated, but by counsel and sweet persuasion."5 Similarly, Lactantius, the tutor of Emperor Constantine's son, argued that "it is only in religion that liberty has chosen to dwell. For nothing is so much a matter of free will as religion, and no one can be required to worship what he does not will to worship. He can perhaps pretend, but he cannot will."6 During the Middle Ages, when religious liberty did not exist in Europe, Marsilius of Padua, a Catholic lawyer, eloquently argued that coercion is completely foreign to the nature of religion and that religious convictions by their very nature cannot be forced. No religious authority, he argued, has the right to exercise coercion for compliance with religious commandments: For it would be useless, for him to coerce anyone to observe them, since the person who observed them under coercion would be helped not at all toward eternal salvation .... For Christ did not ordain that anyone should be forced to observe in this world the law made by him, and for this reason he did not appoint in this world a judge having coercive power over transgressors of his law.7 "[E]ven if it were given to the bishop or priest to coerce men in those matters which relate to divine law," he wrote, "it would be useless. …


The article traces the motif of decomposition in Derrida's Geschlecht III. It distinguishes Derrida's understanding of the way decomposition affects sex, language, humanity and place through a logic of dissemination and divisibility from Heidegger's reversal of decomposition in the polysemic gathering of the land. It shows how the working of the spectral figure of mother in its link to land through natality in Geschlecht III can be extended in its biodeconstructive formulation to a question of soil as multispecies ecology.


In this paper is shown a technical and economic feasibility evaluation of a small-scale wind power generation system (less than 20 MW) located in Berlin, Colombia. This study was made based on a database supplied by IDEAM on a weather station located in Tona. First, the wind power availability was calculated taken into account the weather conditions in 2015; then a wind turbine was chosen and finally a brief economic evaluation was made to determinate if is proper to make a deeper study.


A novel flow-control method called mesoflaps for aeroelastic recirculation transpiration was computationally investigated for ramp-generated oblique shock/boundary layer interactions (SBLIs). The numerical approach was first validated for three different ramp SBLI flows with a solid wall, in terms of both pressure distribution and velocity profiles. For the mesoflap flow-control method, a series of deflected flaps is placed over a cavity centered beneath the inception point of an oblique shock. The flow-control performance was investigated by measuring total pressure recovery and integral boundary layer displacement thickness for a variety of pre-set flap deflection magnitudes and incoming Mach numbers. The control of an SBLI for a 16° compression corner with mesoflaps and incoming Mach numbers of 2.35-2.85 revealed significant improvement in total pressure recovery (as compared to the solid-wall case), especially as the deflections of the flaps increased. The lowest incoming Mach number investigated yielded the highest recovery of total pressure downstream of the shock. Although the flap cases yielded some increases in the displacement thickness and momentum thickness of the outgoing boundary layer as compared to the solid wall, the shape factor was maintained at approximately the same level as found for the solid-wall cases


The field experiment was conducted on integrated nutrition of NPK, Zn, Mo and FYM along with rhizobium and PSB of soybean variety JS, 90–41, during kharif 2005 at JNKVV, Jabalpur. Result showed conspicuous and significant effect on yield, quantity and quality of soybean. The highest grain yield obtained with the integrated use of input resource in T9 (16.9 q ha−1) than lowest grain yield T3. Like wise, straw yield in this combination was found to be (41.60 q ha−1) and minimum at T3 (19.20 q ha−1). The quality of the produces like wise oil ocntent and protein content indicates that the impact was quite apparent in different sub treatments in grain of soybean. The value of oil content and oil production ranged between 15.0 to 19.9% and 169–470 kg q ha−1 respectivel. Similarly the production of protein ranged between 270–699 kg q ha−1 in grain of soybean. They were statistically significant with each other.


Surgical intervention remains the primary treatment modality for most women who develop breast cancer, many of whom require reconstructive surgery. Recent advances, particularly in implant-based techniques (accounting for 40% of breast reconstructions in the UK and 80% in the USA), devices, and biomaterials (ASoP Surgeons, 2012; Albornoz et al., 2013) have led to increases in both classical techniques (e.g., subpectoral breast reconstruction) and more novel techniques such as prepectoral (muscle-sparing) reconstruction. The latter are becoming more popular because the pectoralis major is not detached, so the shoulder dysfunction associated with the classical technique is precluded. In consequence, better understanding of the anatomy of the prepectoral reconstructive plane is required for successful results. With this in mind, we describe the subpectoral and the prepectoral spaces, and further describe a novel way of clinically grading the skin flap vascularity.


Growth of production of cast products and the desire of enterprises to reduce the cost of manufacturing metal products led to a significant increase in requirements for the structure and properties of aluminum alloys. Increasing of physical and mechanical properties of alloys is most effectively at the stages of their preparation in liquid state. At that, it is possible to affect effectively on the quality of cast metal by external actions on alloys, deep refining from gases and harmful impurities, active modifying of alloy, reducing or eliminating the negative impact of heredity of charge materials. The main disadvantage of the processes of structure refinement of alloys by using modifiers is instability of their results, which depends on various reasons. One of the most important reasons is providing conditions for the formation and preservation of active modifier particles in the melt volume. They are assimilating by liquid alloy and acting on crystal nucleus at crystallization. It is known that only ~10% particles are active of the total number of particles added with the ligature into the melt. Other particles dissolve in the melt, take away by the crystallization front, or push back on to intergranular boundaries. The considered methods of electromagnetic, MHD and plasma actions on liquid metal allow to refine and modify alloys without use of special reagents. The paper presents studying of the structure and properties of supereutectic silumin A390 after treatment in casting magnetodynamic installation (MDI) by submerged into melt the plasma argon jet and alternating electromagnetic field & magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) effects, including simultaneous combination. There are developed the scientific and technological bases of MHD-plasma processing of liquid hypereutectic silumin A390 and original equipment for their realization. It provides dispersed structure of solidified alloy. Thus, there is a significant decreasing of sizes both particles of primary silicon and dendrites of α-solid solution of aluminium. Also, strength characteristics of alloys increased to 10%, and elongation rises up in 1.5-2 times. Keywords: plasma jet, magnetodynamic installation (MDI), aluminum alloy, mechanical properties.


The 2D $\mathcal{N}=(2,2)^*$ supersymmetric Yang-Mills theory can be obtained from the 2D $\mathcal{N}=(4,4)$ theory with a twisted mass deformation. In this paper we construct the gravity dual theory of the 2D $\mathcal{N}=(2,2)^*$ supersymmetric $U(N)$ Yang-Mills theory at the large $N$ and large 't Hooft coupling limit using the 5D gauged supergravity. In the UV regime, this construction also provides the gravity dual of the 2D $\mathcal{N}=(2,2)^*$ $U(N)$ topological Yang-Mills-Higgs theory. Together with the duality previously found between the $N$-particle sector of the quantum nonlinear Schr\"odinger equation and the 2D $\mathcal{N}=(2,2)^*$ $U(N)$ topological Yang-Mills-Higgs theory, we propose a triangle relation in the UV regime among integrable model, gauge theory and gravity, and we also make some checks of this relation at classical level.


The core value of professional education decides the feature and direction of the whole value system. After assimilating the essence of modern western industrial reform and the humanistic thoughts, HUANG Yanpei established the professional education value system with the core of "seeking the development of individuality". It derives from the thoughts of social psychology and education democracy and has made a clear distinction of production education, "mechanism education" and other professional education values, which still exerts great influence on the basic feature and tendency of professional education.


City construction is the base of area's economic development.A city is the main body and central of area's economy .The development of area's economy benifit to distributing of production force.This could aecumulate capital for area's economic development improve area culture developing and flourishing.Puring developing arecis economy,We should use its advatage of source,force Eastwest coomperation strenthen base installations,enlarge change of imformation improre urbanrural economic cooperation.Puring developing the third industvy,We should develop tourist trade,improve urban rural rich together.


Abstract In order to investigate the effect on the aqueous solubility and release rate of sulfamerazine (SMR) as model drug, inclusion complexes with β-cyclodextrin (βCD), methyl-β-cyclodextrin (MβCD) and hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin (HPβCD) and a binary system with meglumine (MEG) were developed. The formation of 1:1 inclusion complexes of SMR with the CDs and a SMR:MEG binary system in solution and in solid state was revealed by phase solubility studies (PSS), nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), thermal analysis and X-Ray diffractometry (XRD) studies. The CDs solubilization of SMR could be improved by ionization of the drug molecule through pH adjustments. The higher apparent stability constants of SMR:CDs complexes were obtained in pH 2.00, demonstrating that CDs present more affinity for the unionized drug. The best approach for SMR solubility enhancement results from the combination of MEG and pH adjustment, with a 34-fold increment and a Smax of 54.8 mg/ml. The permeability of the drug was reduced due to the presence of βCD, MβCD, HPβCD and MEG when used as solubilizers. The study then suggests interesting applications of CD or MEG complexes for modulating the release rate of SMR through semipermeable membranes.


This paper presents ongoing work on using stochastic game theory as a mathematical tool for computing the expected behavior of attackers. The possible use of the Nash Equilibrium as a part of the transition probabilities in state transition models is defined and motivated. To demonstrate the approach, a simple example of an attack against a computer network is modelled and analyzed.


The 3α-hydroxy function has been considered essential for the biological activity of neurosteroids at the GABA A receptor. It was found that 3α-amino-5α-pregnan-20-one ( 3 ) increased the binding of [ 3 H]flunitrazepam at the GABA A receptor in the primary culture of cortical neurons. This derivative did not display cytotoxicity at relevant neuroactive concentrations, and its structure enabled us to gain further insight into possible functional group modifications in position 3α. Various synthetic methods were investigated in search for the most suitable synthetic approach.


Scholars have highlighted that organizational ingenuity can help entrepreneurs create innovative solutions when encountering structural and resource constraints. This study focuses on entrepreneuri...


We show that two Raman generators which have different Raman transition frequencies and are used in series result in a multiplicative increase in the total number of generated sidebands. When phase-corrected, these sidebands synthesize to a train of randomly timed single-cycle pulses. For series generators on the rotational transitions of molecular D 2 (J = 0→2) and H 2 (J= 1 → 3), each with 40 modes, the average peak power enhancement is 1600 and the average duration between random pulses is 1.74 ps.


Currents of the equatorial Atlantic and Tethys Sea migrated westward through the Caribbean Sea and Panama seaway from Cretaceous to Oligocene time. At about 25 Ma currents reversed direction, allowing cool Pacific waters (Peruvian current) to enter the Caribbean. Almost coincident with the reversal was a dramatic increase in Central American explosive volcanism, which resulted in development of large volcanic centers, and an abundance of suspended volcanic detritus in Pacific and southern Caribbean waters. The detritus was transported by Pacific currents across the Caribbean to be deposited as pelagic mud in the Venezuelan Basin during 25 to 15 Ma. These cool, turbid Pacific waters led to a dramatic reduction in the diversity of hermatypic corals. At about 15 Ma Venezuelan Basin pelagic sediments record a dramatic change in provenance, with derivation of highly weathered detritus from the South American continent, probably the result of renewed uplift of the northern Andes. Exceptionally abundant kaolinite, reflected in high CIA values of the pelagic mud, indicates that materials of the Andean hinterlands suffered intense chemical weathering from at least 15 Ma to the present, with the most intense weathering occurring during Pliocene time. Weathering was somewhat less intense during the cool Pleistocene Period. These findings bear on Northern Hemisphere glaciation. With the Panama Seaway open, cool Pacific waters entered the Caribbean between 25 and 12 Ma, and probably mixed with warm equatorial Atlantic waters to form the Gulf Stream. Closure of the seaway commenced about 12 Ma and finally closed about 3.5 Ma. This resulted in a warmer Gulf Stream, derived entirely from equatorial Atlantic waters. Dramatically increased pelagic sedimentation rates in the Venezuelan Basin since 4 Ma suggest intensification of the Atlantic equatorial current and strengthening of equatorial Atlantic summer storms (hurricanes), both of which strengthened the Gulf Stream current. Resultant northward heat transport by a warm, intensified Gulf Stream led to increased precipitation and promoted glaciation in the Northern Hemisphere.


uncritical way to suggest that in more traditional societies, there is respect for the elderly, who always have their place, whereas in industrial societies, such as countries of immigration, the elderly have lost this status. Rarely is the harsh reality of the Eskimo elderly mentioned in these scenarios or many of the other examples which could indicate that there is in fact no evidence of a common tradi-


The Mullapperiyar dam is one of the oldest dams in service in the world. The current dispute between Tamil Nadu and Kerala is not over water but over the safety of the 111-year-old dam. What steps can be taken to resolve this dispute?


ABTRACT Information retrieval is great technology behind web search services. This paper presents the statistical method for content based information. Mainly three paradigms of models are used in retrieving information. These are Boolean, probabilistic and vector space model. This paper also presents empirical studies of document similarity and discusses the issue of information retrieval system using statistical model. Vector space model is classical and most used retrieval model. The operation of retrieving information is calculated by using the cosine similarity function of query vector and set of documents vector. Finally, we concludethe results with human score various type documents like sports, politics and short stories. Keyword: Information Retrieval, Vector Space Model, Tf-idf, Dot Product, Document Similarity.


Most of the conventional feature selection algorit hms have a drawback whereby a weakly ranked gene that could perform well in terms of classifica tion accuracy with an appropriate subset of genes w ill be left out of the selection. Considering this shortcoming, various authors proposed a feature selection algor ithm in gene expression data analysis of sample classificat ions. Feature selection has been the focus of inter est for quite some time and much work has been done. With the cre ation of huge databases and the consequent requirem ents for good machine learning techniques, new problems arise and novel approaches to feature selection are in demand]. This method shows promising classification accuracy for all the test data sets. They also sho w t e relevance of the selected genes in terms of their b iological functions.


The purpose of this work is to demonstrate the application of the self‐regular formulation strategy using Green's identity (potential‐BIE) and its gradient form (flux‐BIE) for Laplace's equation. Self‐regular formulations lead to highly effective BEM algorithms that utilize standard conforming boundary elements and low‐order Gaussian integrations. Both formulations are discussed and implemented for two‐dimensional potential problems, and numerical results are presented. Potential results show that the use of quartic interpolations is required for the flux‐BIE to show comparable accuracy to the potential‐BIE using quadratic interpolations. On the other hand, flux error results in the potential‐BIE implementation can be dominated by the numerical integration of the logarithmic kernel of the remaining weakly singular integral. Accuracy of these flux results does not improve beyond a certain level when using standard quadrature together with a special transformation, but when an alternative logarithmic quadrature scheme is used these errors are shown to reduce abruptly, and the flux results converge monotonically to the exact answer. In the flux‐BIE implementation, where all integrals are regularized, flux results accuracy improves systematically, even with some oscillations, when refining the mesh or increasing the order of the interpolating function. The flux‐BIE approach presents a great numerical sensitivity to the mesh generation scheme and refinement. Accurate results for the potential and the flux were obtained for coarse‐graded meshes in which the rate of change of the tangential derivative of the potential was better approximated. This numerical sensitivity and the need for graded meshes were not found in the elasticity problem for which self‐regular formulations have also been developed using a similar approach. Logarithmic quadrature to evaluate the weakly singular integral is implemented in the self‐regular potential‐BIE, showing that the magnitude of the error is dependent only on the standard Gauss integration of the regularized integral, but not on this logarithmic quadrature of the weakly singular integral. The self‐regular potential‐BIE is compared with the standard (CPV) formulation, showing the equivalence between these formulations. The self‐regular BIE formulations and computational algorithms are established as robust alternatives to singular BIE formulations for potential problems. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.


High-temperature mechanical spectroscopy experiments have been performed on newly prepared polycrystalline MgO samples with average grain sizes of 3, 9 and 100 μm. Viscoelastic relaxation is strongly grain size dependent above temperatures of 800°C with a frequency and temperature-dependent 'background' consisting of a broad anelastic relaxation band intensified by the onset of viscous deformation. Data analysis using a master variable approach suggests that grain boundary sliding processes dominate viscoelastic relaxation.


The potential of sodium chloride as a stabilizing agent for highway construction has been investigated. Literature covering laboratory and field studies since the early 1900s is briefly reviewed. The results of laboratory tests with mixtures of several soils and a gravel with a commercial montmorillonite clay stabilized with rock salt and brine are presented. The laboratory study included the Atterberg limits test, compaction test, unconfined compression test, California bearing ratio test, indirect tensile strength test, and cyclic triaxial test. The cyclic triaxial tests were conducted to determine resilient modulus and permanent deformation under cyclic loading as well as Poisson's ratio. The beneficial effects of sodium chloride stabilization are discussed.


This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by Ecology & Evolutionary Biology at CU Scholar. It has been accepted for inclusion in Ecology & Evolutionary Biology Graduate Theses & Dissertations by an authorized administrator of CU Scholar. For more information, please contact firstname.lastname@example.com. Recommended Citation Hawkins, Michael Brent, "The development and evolutionary origin of barbels in the channel catfish Ictalurus punctatus (Siluriformes: Ictaluridae)" (2011). Ecology & Evolutionary Biology Graduate Theses & Dissertations. Paper 13. CORE Metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk


In this paper, an optimal water treatment cost model has been developed for Ghana. Linear Programming (LP) was used to formulate the model for Ghana Water Company Limited. It was then tested with real data collected from Weija Water Headworks in Accra using Interior-Point Method. Finally, optimal water treatment cost for Weija Water Headworks in 2014 was found. It is strongly recommended that all Water Headworks under Ghana Water Company Limited (GWCL) should adopt the proposed optimal water treatment cost model so as to save cost. They should also employ at least one Operations Researcher to assist them in their activities.


The use of an appropriate adjuvant for pesticide applications is a critical process to improve spray deposit characteristics on waxy leaves and to reduce off-target losses. After deposition and evaporation, residue patterns of 500 ° m sessile droplets that incorporated four classes of adjuvants on five different waxy plants were investigated. Droplets were generated with a single-droplet generator and deposited on target leaves placed in an environmentally controlled chamber at 60% relative humidity and 25°C ambient temperature. Adjuvants tested were two oil-based types (crop oil concentrate, or COC; and modified seed oil, or MSO), a nonionic surfactant (NIS), and a mixture (oil surfactant blend, or OSB). Water-only droplets were also tested for comparative purposes. The five waxy plants were difficult to wet and had a water contact angle greater than 90°. The water-only droplets did not spread at all and formed extremely small wetted areas on the leaf surface. The addition of an adjuvant to the spray solution significantly reduced the contact angle and increased the wetted area, but the change or improvements varied with the plant species and adjuvant class. In general, MSO and NIS enhanced the droplet spread and maintained the droplet evaporation time on the waxy leaf surfaces. After evaporation, the residues formed patterns of "coffee rings". Droplets with oil-based adjuvants had more uniform residual distribution in the deposition patterns than droplets with the surfactant adjuvant. Results of this study demonstrated that selection of the appropriate class of adjuvants significantly improved deposit formation on waxy leaves, leading to more effectiveness of pesticides.


A demographic survey is attempted in the present study among Bagatha tribal population inhabiting Pedabayalu Mandal of Visakhapatnam district. The present study is a small contribution to the field of anthropological demography and aims to unravel all socio-biological facts of marriage, fertility, and mortality to evaluate the impact of all demographic characteristics on the level of fertility performance. Fertility performance measured in terms of a mean number of total conceptions (3.22), live births (3.15) and living children (2.77) per couple is moderate. In these live births also the neonatal mortality, infant mortality and child mortality is more. The crude Birth rate is 11.0/1000 population and Crude Death rate is 5.5/1000 population. This study helps socio biologists in predicting the future fertility trends of Bagatha population.


Preterm birth, which by definition occurs before 37 weeks of gestation (term is 38-42 weeks), is a worldwide public health issue and a major cause of infant mortality and morbidity. According to the CDC in 2015, the preterm birth rate in the United States is 10 %, which has probably decreased in part due to the reduction of teen pregnancies. The World Health Organization (WHO) reported that the preterm birth rate ranges from 5% to 18%, with the highest rate in Malawi.


This exploratory study investigates how national identity is possibly (re)constructed, negotiated, and expanded during sojourners' study-abroad experience, focusing on the student sojourners from Taiwan in the United Kingdom. Situated within the framework of social constructionism, the study is based on an interdisciplinary foundation which draws on the fields of identities, nationalism, intercultural communication, study-abroad, education and cosmopolitanism. It involves 20 international students from Taiwan in qualitative interviews and thematic analysis guides the data analysis process.
The findings revealed a number of important points. First, the factors of homeland Taiwan and its cultures, schooling, family education, family history and the study-abroad experience are found to be integral to the national identities (i.e., Taiwanese and Chinese, ROC, identities) of the sojourners from Taiwan. Secondly, in terms of identity conflict management, especially with the mainland Chinese (PRC) peers, the dominating style as a way of defending the self-face and Taiwanese identity, and the avoiding tendency (i.e., avoiding arguments over the Taiwan-China political dispute) have been reported. Overall, the boundaries of being Taiwanese are drawn and re-drawn in accordance with the on-going process of communication with Chinese (PRC) and non-Chinese (PRC) in the study-abroad context in the UK. Last, whereas Taiwanese identity becomes particularly salient, cosmopolitan belonging is also found to be strong among many participants due to the cultural diversity of the study-abroad environment, although it is also contested for some.
The study contributes to the study-abroad literature in its discussion of national identities. Also, the findings offer insights for international educators to better understand the experience of students from Taiwan in the UK and for educators in Taiwan who handle pre-sojourn courses and/or training.


Optical Disk Drives (ODD) uses chipsets to implement the various functions required in its operation. The chipsets always have fixed algorithm that make it impossible for the researches to carry out any experiments on newly developed algorithms. To overcome this difficulty, this study has constructed a test platform for the ODD experiments. This platform solution allows for software implementation of all the necessary functions in the CD/DVD system. The researchers can easily alter the software to change the existing functions of to implement new functions for different applications. The hardware of this development system is mainly composed of MSC-51, FPGA, DSK, AD/DA module, and an analog mother board. The MSC-51 is responsible for applying commands and setting functions, and it plays a role of master in the system. The TI DSK 6711, served as a slave, is responsible for implementing new algorithms and focus is mostly focused on servo control. The FPGA is responsible for handshaking among the DSK, the MSC-51, and the AD/DA module board; it also provides the register banks for the MSC-51 and the DSK. The purpose of the AD/DA module board is to establish communication link to the physical world. There are two A/D chips of eight channels and four D/A chips of four channels on the AD/DA module board. There are also a pre-amp chip and a driver on the analog mother board to amplify the signal on the ODD and to drive a DC motor. Users only have to change the pre-amp and ODD for different type of ODD.


Although strut-and-tie models (STM) appear to provide safe, lower-bound designs for irregular concrete members, there have not been many experimental validations of them. This paper presents the result from two series of testing of STM specimens. In the first series, 6 specimens having different reinforcing designs but the same overall geometry and loading pattern were tested. In the second phase, 2 larger specimens were tested to investigate the size effect on STM tests. The design of each test specimen was developed using the ACI 318-05 provisions for STM. An unreinforced specimen was also constructed for comparison. Each reinforced specimen resisted loads greater than the factored design load and exhibited little distress at service load levels. Results confirm that the STM is a conservative yet flexible design approach.


This issue of the Brazilian Journal of Education, Technology and Society (BRAJETS) discusses the current context of the need for education mediated by technology. In times of exceptionality in which humanity finds itself due to the social isolation caused by the dissemination of Covid-19, it is very pertinent to deepen the theme "Teaching and learning mediated by technology". Before only reflections were appropriate, now, more than ever, its application is imperative because, without the medium of technology, there is no way to continue academic practices. Thus, we bring some scientific contributions on this topic, which is very relevant nowadays through a set of 12 articles mostly related to the different spheres of education and teaching mediated by technology, involving both theoretical discussions and exploratory research. We invite all to enjoy a good reading of this issue, and that it can contribute with inspirations and ideas for writing and execution, whether of research or future work.


Background: As new legislation has come into force implementing radiation safety management for the use of naturally occurring radioactive materials (NORM), it is necessary to establish a rapid and accurate measurement technique. Measurement of 238U and 232Th using conventional methods encounter the most significant difficulties for pretreatment (e.g. , purification, speciation, and dilution/enrichment) or require time-consuming processes. Therefore, in this study, the applicability of ED-XRF as a non-destructive and rapid screening method was validated for raw materials and by-product samples.


The application of conductive cooling for men working in different systems is discussed with respect to work load, heat stress, and clothing. Two types of conductive cooling are considered: circulating water, and ice. A brief review of the effects of whole and partial body cooling on the responses of man to heat stress serves as a basis for suggestions about desirable types of cooling which would allow the human operator to maintain satisfactory performance for extended periods.


The first paper presents the comparative economics of these two types of motive power, according to American railroad practice, and discusses its elements. The second paper demonstrates, from the documents quoted in reference, how technical developments and modern conditions of railway operation secure further advantages to electric traction.


This paper reviews some of the recent issues and findings in the area of production and perception of expressive speech and the application to speech synthesis. Specifically, it discusses some of the current problems with data collection, labeling, techniques for analyzing voice quality and applying speech synthesis as an analysis tool. Directions for future work in order to improve synthesis of expressive speech are suggested along the lines of better modeling, labeling and voice quality analysis.


In order to support successful strategies in design education and practice, we must have a deep understanding of the complex dynamics of design processes, teams, contexts, and systems. Facilitating this understanding of engineering design requires research methodologies that can capture the nature of the design process from a diversity of aspects such cognitive, creative, social, organizational, and experiential. Traditionally, research in engineering design has focused on quantitative methodologies whose constructs are familiar to engineers. Our assertion here that qualitative research methodologies that are less familiar to engineers can provide unique scientific insights into the study of engineering design, enabling new findings not obtainable via quantitative methodologies. In this paper we provide an overview of qualitative research methods, outline key opportunities where qualitative methods can be used to enhance engineering design research, and present a case example of a qualitative study on interdisciplinary interactions in complex system design.


Summary Bozakova, N., М. Oblakova, К. Stoyanchev, I. Yotova & М. Lalev, 2009. Ethological aspects of improving the welfare of turkey breeders in the hot summer period by dietary Larginine supplementation. Bulg. J. Vet. Med., 12, No 3, 185−191. The utilization of food additives to improve poultry welfare during the hot summer months is essential under farm production conditions. The most accurate indicator for that is the behaviour of birds. The aim of this study was to observe the changes in the the behaviour of turkey breeders during a thermoneutral and hot summer period (32 o C), as well as the possibility to improve their welfare through the addition of 1% L-arginine in their feed during the hot summer days. The behaviour of the turkey breeders was observed with a video camera. During the hot summer period there was a significant increase in turkey breeders exhibiting drinking and aggressive behaviour, while there was a decrease in the number of birds performing dustbathing, feather pecking, egg-laying, and sexual behaviour. The addition of 1% arginine to the feed contributed to a significant improvement in turkey breeders' welfare during the hot summer period, which was manifested through more frequent dustbathing, improved egg-laying and sexual behaviour, as well as less aggression among birds.


Formation and decay of unsteady two-dimensional contrast structures, i.e., of a certain class of solutions of a two-dimensional nonlinear diffusion equation with convection and generation, are analyzed. The contrast structures form as a result of the saturation of a solution in absolute value at a certain level and are characterized by the existence of relatively large domains (spots) in which the solution is close in absolute value to the saturation level and has a small gradient. These domains are separated by relatively narrow transition layers in which the field reverses its sign and has a steep gradient. The transition layers slowly move, and the contrast structure eventually decays. The drift velocity of the curved boundary ofa contrast structure is calculated, and a formula for the lifetime of an arbitrary contrast structure is obtained. The drift velocity of a transition layer of prescribed form is calculated, and approximate formulas describing the evolution of contrast-structure spots of circular, elliptic, and other simple forms are obtained. The results of a numerical experiment are presented for the two-dimensional time-dependent model.


Our goal is to use the versatility of ion beam synthesis to grow nanocrystals of InxGa1-xAs alloys embedded in a silicon substrate. We study, first, the annealing conditions necessary to grow well defined InAs and GaAs binary nanocrystals. High dose of As, Ga and In is implanted, respectively, at 130, 130 and 180 keV to have overlapping as-implanted profiles. The nanocrystals growth is then achieved by rapid thermal annealing at various temperatures between 650 and 800 °C for 1 min under an argon gas flow. Rutherford backscattering spectroscopy profiles show that no significant impurity out-diffusion occurs below 800 °C for both systems. In and As thermal redistributions lead to superposed profiles. Raman spectroscopy measurements prove that InAs nanocrystals are formed above 650 °C, while 800 °C annealing is necessary to obtain GaAs nanocrystals and show that these thermal budgets are enough to fully recrystallize the implanted layer. Grazing incidence X-ray diffraction patterns exhibit clearly InAs and GaAs related peaks. These results prove that GaAs and InAs nanocrystals can be grown in a common temperature range (700-800 °C), opening the route to the growth of ternary InxGa1-xAs alloys in the same conditions. (© 2015 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)


fleeted a much deeper challenge to capitalist institutions" than was explicitly the case. No evidence is offered. Of those assessing the revolu< tionary potential of the three different proletariats, only Mandel need be taken seriously by the potential believer. Part III ("Neo-Marxism") deals with the second important question of the book, namely, how adequate is Marxism as a system of thought? Whereas Marx claims his analysis provides a " sufficient framework for understanding modern society, Irving Zeitlin argues that Marx needs to be "supplemented" by non-Marxist analysis and uses C. Wright Mills to show how Weberian insights may be incorporated into a Marxian framework without "supplanting" it. Zeitlin does not make an overwhelmingly convincing case. For f example, he notes that Weber saw socialism accelerating "what already appeared as a frightening degree of bureaucratization in many strategic areas of social life" (p. 237). To show that this supplements without supplanting Marx, one would need to show how such insights can be squared with the disappearance of "the domination of men over men." One can accept such Weberian insights either by denying the goal of Marxist , history or by identifying that goal with bureaucratization. Either solution is destructive of the Marxist framework. Paul Breines and Ronald Aronson attack Marxist science. Marx claims the individual is produced by objective material conditions and that these conditions are the subject of science. Breines argues that "a coherent and unitary critique of modern society begins with a critique of individual existence" (p. 294 emphasis added). This is not necessary if the individual is a product of objective conditions. If the conditions ("modern society") are to be understood in terms of "individual existence," Marxist science is turned on its head. If the individual is to be understood '•' autonomously, then Marxist science has to be i replaced by individualist psychology. In either case, science, but not Marxist science, is still possible. Whereas Breines's essay recommends Marcuse to the New Left, apparently on the grounds that Marcuse's "existentialism" is a remedy to New Left "authoritarianism," Aronson criticizes Marcuse on the explicit ground that he "takes his bearings and his refuge in a truth outside himself." Such "objective truth" is alienating, old Marxist, stuffy, joyless, etc. But denying such truth makes impossible any science. Marx denies that "objective truth" exists unchangeably and asserts it exists dialectically. Aronson denies that it exists at all. His argument means that Marxist science is no longer possible but its goal, "socialism," still somehow is. Trent Schroyer attacks contemporary science as a "new strategy for legitimating power and privilege" through the doctrine "that knowledge is inherently neutral" (pp. 297-98). Positivist science, he asserts, is the new and "fundamental false consciousness of our epoch" (p. 301). Whereas Marx thought science would destroy capitalism, Schroyer holds that positivism (and a pox on "neo-Marxists" sympathetic to Weber) protects it. This dangerous argument is only half the story. Positivism, with its superstructure, academic freedom, also protects the ability of Marxists and socialists to teach in the universities. It thus'permits fulfillment of Lenin's request to give him the minds of the young. The revival of American socialism is better served by a discreet silence regarding positivism than by assaults upon it. By his indiscretion, Schroyer's committment to the truth is shown to be greater than his commitment to socialism. For that reason, his essay is both more instructive and elevating than weak and unconvincing allegations of a "socialist revival" in America.


Although the immunological spectrum of pediatric AIDS has similarities to that of adult AIDS there is wide variation in the clinical illness. The CDC definition of pediatric AIDS requires the presence of either an opportunistic infection or a malignancy (such as Kaposis sarcoma) indicative of a cellular immune deficiency state in child less than 13 years old. Presence of lymphocytic interstitial pneumonitis (LIP) proven by lung biopsy was added to the definition in June 1985. Of the 231 cases of pediatric AIDS as of January 1986 75% were from NY NJ California and Florida. Transfusion recipients accounted for 20%. Epidemiology suggests that in utero infection is the major route of transmission of HIV. Onset of the disease often occurs within the 1st 3 to 4 months of age. By age 3 80% are ill. Transmission of the virus by breastfeeding has been suggested by 1 reported case. Transmission patterns in adolescents are similar to that of adults sexual contact accounting for about 1/2 the cases and parenteral exposure (blood transfusions I.V. drug abuse) the other major risk factor. Children with HIV are usually brought to medical attention because of an increase in number of bacterial infections. Symptoms distinctive to pediatric AIDS include bilateral parotid swelling and chronic interstitial pneumonitis. The spectrum of opportunistic infectious diseases in children is similar to that seen in adults. Lymphopenia an almost uniform finding in adult AIDS is not frequently present in children. 2 groups of conditions must be differentiated from pediatric HIV disease: primary immunodeficiency disorders and immunodeficiency states 2ndary to congenital infection other than HIV. Characteristics of HIV that set it apart are the presence of risk factors clinical features such as parotid swelling LIP and degenerative neurological syndrome and the immunological findings such as high immunoglobulin levels. Recommendations for education and foster care of children infected with HIV are given.


This paper analyses the potential effectiveness of a restraint system for coach passengers and for all vehicle seats. The paper first clearly defines the type of restraint system required for effective coach passenger safety. Finally, the level of efficiency is estimated that can be achieved by such a restraint system based on a sample of 47 real world coach accidents occurred in France. The paper is based on the different types of main impact but above all on the various injury mechanisms. Results are provided after considering each passenger case involved in 47 coach crashes. For each passenger, the authors know precisely his or her location inside the vehicle before the crash, and the medical records of his or her injuries. The study shows to what extent it is necessary to improve safety for coach passengers and this can be achieved thanks to a specific restraint system. (A) For the covering abstract of the conference see IRRD 894848.


The wood fiber was used as a char forming agent to all or partly replace pentaerythitol in intumescent flame retardants,and investigated to effect on thermal degradation and flame retardancy of LLDPE intumescent system.It was shown that the thermal degradation behavior was generally as same as used PER as char forming agent,and when the amount of wood fiber was 20 percent of the whole char forming agent,the LOI reached a climax.


In this paper we propose a non linear equalization structure operating in the frequency domain (FD) for broadband wireless transmission. As a distinctive feature this equalizer does not require any block transmission format. By applying the feedforward filter in the FD with an overlap and save technique on blocks of the received signal, a bandwidth efficient decision feedback FD equalizer is derived, denoted extension-less FD-DFE (EL-FD-DFE). In order to reduce the inter-symbol (ISI) and inter-block (IBI) interference which affect the equalized signal, a IBI canceller is used among blocks, while the equalizer filters are designed taking into account the ISI due to the absence of the extension. A comparison with orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) and existing equalizers is provided, showing that the EL-FD-DFE has a significantly higher achievable throughput


We are concerned with 3D incompressible generalized anisotropic Navier– Stokes equations with hyperdissipative term in horizontal variables. We prove that there exists a unique global solution for it with large initial data in anisotropic Besov space.


'The great and chief end of men uniting into commonwealths and putting themselves under government is the preservation of their property.'


PurposeSelecting and using the same health monitoring devices for a particular problem is a tedious task. This paper aims to provide a comprehensive review of 40 research papers giving the Smart health monitoring system using Internet of things (IoT) and Deep learning.Design/methodology/approachHealth Monitoring Systems play a significant role in the healthcare sector. The development and testing of health monitoring devices using IoT and deep learning dominate the healthcare sector.FindingsIn addition, the detailed conversation and investigation are finished by techniques and development framework. Authors have identified the research gap and presented future research directions in IoT, edge computing and deep learning.Originality/valueThe gathered research articles are examined, and the gaps and issues that the current research papers confront are discussed. In addition, based on various research gaps, this assessment proposes the primary future scope for deep learning and IoT health monitoring model.


To meet the increasingly urgent demand of voice communication on ZigBee network,a voice communication scheme based on variant-slope adaptivedelta modulation was proposed.With lower bit-rate,good voice communication was obtained.This algorithm satisfied ZigBee's inadequate communication speed without an additional increase on node complexity or increased software and hardware cost,and it did not impact negatively network performance.The feasibility and potential of voice communication on ZigBee was therefore proved.


Objective To observe the expression and changes of collagen-Ⅲ and MMP-1 in the periodontal tissues of the first maxillary molars of rats during experimental orthodontic tooth movement.Methods Orthodontic appliance was placed between the left maxillary first molar and maxillary central incisors of rats.The rats were grouped according to tooth movement days of 0,1,3,5,7,10 d and 14 d,collagen-Ⅲ and MMP-1 expression was examined with immunohistochemistry technique.Results In tooth movement groups,the collagen-Ⅲ and MMP-1 expression in the periodontal tissues was stained more positively than that of the controls,and increased in a time dependent manner.Conclusion MMP-1 participated in the metabolisms at ECM during orthodontic periodontal tissues remodeling;and collagenⅢ played important roles in the remodeling of the periodontal tissues.


Extracted from text ... Wunn, Ina 2005. Die Religionen in vorgeschichtlicher Zeit. (Die Religionen
der Menschheit Bd. 2). Stuttgart: Kohlhammer. x + 496 pages. Cloth
with dust cover. Euro 89.00 ISBN 3-17-016726-X
This work by Ina Wunn, the second volume, is the latest addition to a
renowned series. The review starts from the perspective of scholarship in the
field of Old Testament and Christian Studies and related fields. Many Old
Testament scholars would have used Morenz's gyptische Religion, Volume 8
of the series; Die Religionen Altsyriens, Altarabiens und der Mander by Gese
and others, published as Volume 10, 2, and Ringgren's Israelitische Religion ..


In this paper I examine under which conditions a director of a publicly listed corporation can be held responsible for incorrect or misleading disclosure on the securities market. Proper disclosure from publicly listed corporations to the securities market is essential for the sake of maintaining the trust from both investors and the general public. The regulation also aims to protect investors by ensuring transparency on the securities market. Some of the protection lies in the fact that adequate sanctions are available if a violation of the disclosure rules occurs. The existing rules have been criticized for failing to adequately address the protection of investors. The study is mainly focused on examining under which circumstances a shareholder may bring an action for damages under Chapter 29 of the Companies Act (ABL), where notably the issues of fault and proximate cause is examined. It is hence the liability towards shareholders and investors according to Chapter 29 section 1 of the Companies Act that is the main focus in the paper. Furthermore I only address the possibility of recovering damages in accordance with a transaction on the primary market, for example in connection with the issue of new shares for subscription. Focus in the paper is on disclosure made by the corporation in its financial reports.
Shareholders right to seek redress for pure economic loss accrued to false or misleading disclosure was recently the subject of a case before the Court of Appeal, Counterminemalet. In the light of the issues raised in the case with Countermine, I address these issues both de lege lata and de lege ferenda. I argue that in case of a violation of the rules listed in Chapter 29 section 1, there should be a presumption of fault. This means that if a board member has disclosed misleading information in the financial reports in violation of the Accounting Act (ARL), it can be presumed that the board member also has acted by negligence. Furthermore it is argued that the assessment of proximate cause currently does not adequately address the specific conditions prevailing in the securities market. The Supreme Court ruling in the BDO-case implies that the issue of proximate cause is to be determined by the use of the object of the regulation in combination with the floodgate argument. Another requirement is also added stating that the investor should have had a justified reason to rely on the document in which the misleading disclosure has been done. In the paper I argue that for the sake of transactions on the primary market, it should be presumed that an investor has had a justified reason to rely on the financial reports disclosed by a corporation when buying shares in the company. The disclosure of false or misleading financial reports must therefore also be considered to have had an affect on the security, unless other circumstances suggest otherwise.


Drying is one way of post-harvest handling to extend the shelf life, especially for agricultural crops. In general, post-harvest drying is only done naturally by using heat from solar energy or commonly called conventional drying. In this study, the grain was dried using a fluidized bed dryer. However, the fluidized bed dryer was modified by adding a pipe heat exchanger. The purpose of this study was to find the effect of grain mass and air intake temperatures on drying time. The Indonesian government has carried out SNI provisions for milling the maximum water content in the material which is 14%. In this study, the grain used was the newly harvested grain where the water content was about 20% with a tolerance of ± 1%. The mass variations in this study were 0.4 kg, 0.6 kg and 0.8 kg and the temperature variations applied were 55°C, 60°C, and 65° C. The results showed the highest heat loss occurs at the highest mass because the air velocity is not able to circulate properly.Drying is one way of post-harvest handling to extend the shelf life, especially for agricultural crops. In general, post-harvest drying is only done naturally by using heat from solar energy or commonly called conventional drying. In this study, the grain was dried using a fluidized bed dryer. However, the fluidized bed dryer was modified by adding a pipe heat exchanger. The purpose of this study was to find the effect of grain mass and air intake temperatures on drying time. The Indonesian government has carried out SNI provisions for milling the maximum water content in the material which is 14%. In this study, the grain used was the newly harvested grain where the water content was about 20% with a tolerance of ± 1%. The mass variations in this study were 0.4 kg, 0.6 kg and 0.8 kg and the temperature variations applied were 55°C, 60°C, and 65° C. The results showed the highest heat loss occurs at the highest mass because the air velocity is not able to circulate properly.


The paper proposes the key techniques for ontology construction system. The current situation of tools for ontology construction is analyzed, and then a collaborative ontology construction system framework is given. The persistence layer is introduced between the business logic layer and data layer, which decouples data manipulation from business logic, provides object services for upper layer and interacts with underlying storage by defining the mapping between objects and underlying data. Future more, two key technologies of the system including ontology representation and its mapping to the relational data model and concurrent control method based on lock subdivision are deeply researched. Implementation of object persistence requires defining object structures, storage structures and the mapping files between them, so an intermediate representation model of ontology in the persistence layer is introduced, and corresponding data structures are defined according to this model. Then the relational database model of storing ontology is given, as well as the mapping from relational data model to the intermediate representation model. According to the needs of operating ontology objects collaboratively, a concurrency control method based on lock subdivision is presented to further improve the concurrency ability of the system, which adds different type of locks for objects according to the compatibility between various operations of them. The relevant algorithm is designed at last.


Abstract : Input data acquired by various means including optical sensors is gathered and signal processed for extraction of data features related to identification of a person within a viewing scene being evaluated by an artificial neural network. The extracted data features are matched during evaluation with recorded data, such as that on an identification card issued to the person being identified, to accurately and rapidly achieve said evaluation by the neural network.


Hydrogen peroxide and ultraviolet light are combined in a synergistic effect to degrade organic chemicals in aqueous solutions. The generation of hydroxyl radicals is fundamental to the process as the hydroxyl radicals are largely responsible for the success of this process. Other factors affecting the effectiveness of the process are concentration of hydrogen peroxide, water quality, UV dose and spectra, scavengers, and temperature. Several models that have been used for this process are described.


In this work the influence of the number of bilayers was studied on the mechanical, tribological and electrochemical properties of multilayer coatings [TiN / TiCrN]n as a function of the number of bilayers n = 1, 25 and 50, deposited by magnetron sputtering. By Xray diffraction (XRD), a cubic crystal structure centered on the faces (FCC) was determined for all coatings and an increase in the compressive stresses that were generated during the deposition process was found by perfilometry; Atomic force microscopy (AFM) determined that by increasing the number of bilayers, the roughness decreased, due to an increase in the density of the system. By nanoindentation it was found that the hardness (H) and the modulus of elasticity (E) increased as the number of bilayers did. By Pin on disk a decrease in the coefficient of friction was observed as the number of bilayers was increased, which was related to the increase in hardness and the reduction of roughness. The results of EIS and Tafel for the electrochemical properties, determined that the corrosion rate decreased due to the fact that a greater barrier to the passage of the electrolyte towards the substrate is promoted when the number of bilayers increases. © 2019 Published by Faculty of Engineering Corresponding author: Christian Ortiz Ortiz Escuela de ingeniería de materiales, Universidad del Valle; Calle 13 No 100-00, Cali, Colombia, E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com


The dependence of the ratio of specific powers of dimole radiation of singlet oxygen in the 634 nm band and in the b — X band of the O2(1Σ) molecule in the O2(X) — O2(1Δ) — O2(1Σ) — H2O — CO2 mixture on the CO2 concentration is measured. As a result, the rate constant of the reaction O2(1Δ) + O2(1Δ) → O2(1Σ) + O2(3Σ) at the temperature ∼330 K is found to equal (4.5 ± 1.1) 10-17 cm3 s-1.


There is a need to rapidly survey plumes of suspended sediment and to determine the quantity and transport of disturbed material that might arise from industrial and remedial activities in lakes and harbours. The example of sand capping of contaminated bottom sediments is used to illustrate the methodology. Capping of contaminated bottom sediments is one strategy for immobilizing contaminants. In a pilot-scale project, a 0.34 m thick cap of clean sand was deposited over a one hectare area in Hamilton Harbour. The objective of this study was to determine if in-place sediments could be disturbed by the capping operation. In the first of three approaches, the suspended sediment plumes created during the capping operation were monitored for evidence of suspension of bottom materials with underwater acoustic and optical profilers and other moored instruments. In-lake calibration of the instrumentation was based on the collection of over 300 grab samples. Three-dimensional rendering of a dense network of acoust...


This paper provides a status report on the authors' long-term vork in the area of distribution planning. Technical challenges relating to large-scale optimization continue to be stimulating, but an increasingly large share of our attention has been absorbed by the need to imbed optimization techniques within a Complete system containing the many other capabilities needed to facilitate successful practical application. We call a complete system of this sort a "management support system." We describe such a system in some detail, with an emphasis that deliberately excludes the technical aspects of optimization. In this way we hope to accommodate the broadest possible audience. No new research results are presented. The exposition is non-mathematical and should be accessible to anyone interested in modern approaches to distribution planning. A modest amount of supporting technical detail, however, is given in an appendix.


Turbo code gives relatively better performance as compare to convolutional codes. Turbo code offers an outstanding coding gain very close to Shannon limit for AWGN channel to achieve maximum throughput (Typical Wi-Max application). The objective of this paper is to study the Mobile Wi-Max system performance by using turbo codes and setting the system parameters to achieve performance optimization. For different transmission conditions BER performance has been simulated. Finally for the performance optimization of mobile Wi-Max system the effect of various Decoding algorithms, Frame size and Code rates are considered for simulation to evaluate the system performance. Improvement achieved in the features of Mobile Wi-Max system for a particular selection of set of parameters has been reported.


The work on the relationship between foodstuffs,nutrition,sugar and dental caries done in the last century were reviewed.In summary,positive relation between sugar and caries is established,especially sucrose is the most dangerous.Frequent intake of suger is more harmful than the amount of sugar.To take a definite amount of coarse food and less amount of sugar is a good advice for dental health.


A study on induction factors of Blade Element Momentum theory is performed by using developed programs.The advantage and disadvantage of three calculation methods are compared.On the basis of the results,an improved method is presented by the authors.The validity and advantage of this method are validated by using experiment data of a horizontal axis wind turbine with 10-meter diameter obtained from National Renewable Energy Laboratory(NREL).


................................................................................................................................... 2 TABLE OF CONTENTS ................................................................................................................. 3 TABLE OF FIGURES ................................................................................................................... 13 TABLE OF TABLES ..................................................................................................................... 15 DEDICATION ............................................................................................................................... 18 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ............................................................................................................ 19 ABBREVIATIONS ........................................................................................................................ 20 PREFACE .................................................................................................................................... 22 CHAPTER


The text presents opinions of Russian economists that were born in the former czars Russia with constrain on these who can be called non-Marxists. The response on Marx theory prior to revolution was very strong and every economist knew it. Among the most influential we can place M.I. Tugan-Baranovskij, P.B. Struve, A.V.Cajanov a N.D.Kondratěv.


Employee commitment and retention are two axioms associated with productivity and stability of employment in organizations. This concept is much more important in the health sector. This study investigates the relationships between each dimension of employee commitment and retention as well as determines their combined influence on retention among doctors and nurses in University Teaching Hospitals in North-Western Nigeria . The study uses cross sectional survey data collected in 2015 from 441 respondents drawn through multi-stage sampling technique. The data was analysed using correlation and regression techniques. The results, in line with multidimensional theory of commitment, indicate that employee commitment dimensions (affective, continuance and normative) are significantly related to retention. Contrary to findings of some previous studies, however, normative commitment is more prevalent in affecting retention than affective commitment. The study, therefore, recommends that management should foster and sustain high levels of affective and normative commitments among employees. Critical working tools should also be made readily available and the overall working environment be made conducive in order to enhance their commitment and retention. Key Words: Employee Commitment, Retention, Management, Teaching Hospitals, Nigeria.


The purpose of research was revealings dependence of desease of people by a tuberculosis from vertical line (beet or zone) their residing. The statistical data on the basic parameters of tuberculosis`s epidemiology deseases, morbidities, the death rates received from forms of account from the Republican antitubercular clinic and Ministry of Health were used. Statistical processing and visualization of experimental data was executed with the help of program EXEL with package Microsoft Office on personal computer Pentium-4. The submitted epidemiological parameters on a tuberculosis were incorporated into three groups and on the basis of their values diagrams are constructed. In connection with that the problem of struggle against a tuberculosis remains actual, it is necessary to reveal and estimate the various social-ecological factors influencing current, development and distribution of this dangerous disease.


Hume's main claims in " Of the Original Contract " : i) The idea that one's duty of allegiance to one's government stems from one's having consented to it is false, because its consequences are absurd. If it were correct, then few would have any such duty, because few ever give genuine and voluntary consent to their governments. ii) The duty of allegiance to one's government derives from utility, not agreement, consent, or promise. The reason why one has a duty to obey the government (when one does) is that such obedience maximizes society's total utility. Hume was a Tory. The idea that legitimate government depends on the consent of the governed was popular among the Whigs. At the very beginning of his essay, Hume seems to agree with the social contract idea if it is understood as a thesis about how the very first governments arose in the distant past. But defenders of the social contract idea seem to think that present government depends on a contract among the people. Hume doesn't explicitly do this, but we can distinguish two different ways of understanding this idea: i) as a nonnormative thesis of political sociology, and ii) as a normative thesis of political philosophy. According to i), just as it is a fact of political sociology that people tend to get very angry whenever they believe that their rights have been violated, it is also a fact that people believe (rightly or wrongly) that the duty to obey government derives from consent. Hume's reply is that this is not a fact at all; it is demonstrably false. " …We find everywhere princes who claim their subjects as their property and assert their independent right of sovereignty, from conquest or succession. We find also, everywhere, subjects, who acknowledge this right in their prince, and suppose themselves born under obligations of obedience to a certain sovereign, as much as under the ties of reverence and duty to certain parents. " The falsity of i) doesn't mean that the social contract idea as a normative thesis is false. (" Ought does not follow from is, " Hume himself admitted). The defender of ii) holds that people have a duty to submit to the authority of government only if they have promised or consented to do so. This was John Locke's view. Hume has a couple of objections to this idea: i) In order …


Objective To establish a human cervical carcinoma cell line with stable expression of green fluorescent protein and the fluorescent-labeled implanted tumor model,and compare the detection methods of tumor growth by optical imaging system and slide caliper.Method Human cervical carcinoma cells were transfected with chicken β-actin-GFP-NEO by Lipofectamine 2000 reagent and screened with G418 to produce the stable GFP-expressing clone.Then the labeled Hela cells were implanted into the subcutaneous tissue of nude mice and the growth of the implanted tumor was observed and growth curve of the labeled Hela cells was analyzed with the whole-body optical imaging system and the slide caliper.Result The stable GFP-expressing Hela cell lines were obtained,which can grow to tumor mass after subcutaneous transplantation.The in vivo fluorescence imaging analysis showed that the fluorescent intensity of tumor mass increased with the increase in tumor volume in nude mice during first to third week.The fluorescent intensity tended to decline with the increasing necrosis at the fourth to fifth week,while the tumor volume was still increasing.Conclusion A GFP-labeled Hela cell line and a mouse tumor model based on the cell line were established,and the animal model provides useful experimental materials for cervical cancer study.The in vivo fluorescence imaging system could be used to quantitatively evaluate the living tumor cell growth in vivo but not the size or volume of the tumor detected by slide caliper.


The invention discloses a method and device for preventing a keyboard from misoperation, and relates to a computer technology. The method comprises the following steps: detecting instructions input by a user through keyboard operation; when the instructions input by the user through the keyboard operation are detected to be conventional operating instructions, according to the conventional operating instructions, processing correspondingly; when the instructions input by the user through the keyboard operation are detected to be instructions for preventing the keyboard from misoperation, generating an input blocking signal; according to the input blocking signal, performing input blocking process on the conventional operating instructions input by the user through subsequent keyboard operation. According to the invention, the user operates the keyboard so as to simply and conveniently prevent the keyboard from misoperation without the situation that the user repeatedly enters into an equipment manager, so that the operation experience of the user is improved.


Three-dimensional numerical tests have been conducted to investigate the failure process of surrounding rock mass around circular and U-shaped tunnel at depth. Different failure modes of deep underground openings have been reproduced. The influence of different shapes and sizes of tunnel section, as well as the direction of the maximum principal stress, on zonal disintegration was analyzed. Numerical simulations show that failure modes and load-bearing capacity of tunnel depend on the direction of the maximum principal stress. The zonal disintegration around deep underground openings is a phenomenon that only occurs under some special conditions. Firstly, there must be a higher horizontal tectonic stress along the axial direction of tunnel; secondly, the radius of curvature of tunnel should be large enough to induce the tensile stress higher than tensile strength of rock mass. Therefore, the direction of tunnel axis as well as the direction and the size of tectonic stress should be carefully considered during tunnel design.


The current study aims to understand the neonatal care practices among various communities the researcher has done a extensive literature review to understand in depth concepts and ideas of peoples of different communities. Health team members should be aware of traditional behaviors which may pose health risks and attempt to change these behaviors


comprising the step of initiating a reaction of resorcin with 4-isopropenylphenol in a mixed solvent which comprises a non-polar solvent and a polar solvent in the presence of an acidic catalyst. The method can easily be handled. ensures a high yield, permits the reduction of impurity content and can provide highly pure 1,3-dihydroxy-4,6-biso-methyl-O-(4'hydroxyphenyl)ethylbenzene. The resulting phenolic com pound is useful as, for instance, a branching agent for polycarbonates, polyesters or the like; a raw material for radiant ray-sensitive components for use as resist materials; a raw material for epoxy resins; and a hardening agent for epoxy resins.


Purpose: To develop robust methods of establishing a population pharmacokinetics (Pop-PK) model of olanzapine, using existing hospital in-patient information, in order to predict the steady-state plasma concentration of olanzapine tablets in Chinese Han inpatients, thus providing guidance for individualized therapy for mental disorders. Methods: A retrospective study analyzing and predicting the steady-state plasma olanzapine concentration was performed using nonlinear mixed-effect modeling (Phoenix® NLME8). The effects of ten potential covariates, including age, gender, Body Mass Index, fasting lipid, family history, alcohol and smoking status in 107 Chinese Han patients with steady-state plasma olanzapine concentration were collected from the hospital information system (HIS) in Wuhan Mental Health Center from Feb 2017 to Jul 2019. Results: The final model was validated using bootstrap and visual predictive check (VPC) and was found to fit the one-compartment mixed error model. Smoking status was found to be the only factor affecting olanzapine tablets clearance. The standard Pop-PK parameters apparent volume of distribution (VL/F) and clearance (CL/F) were 223 L and 12.4 Lꞏh-1, respectively. Conclusion: The Pop-PK model for olanzapine established with the data from HIS is effective in predicting the plasma olanzapine tablets concentration of individual Chinese in-patients. This Pop-PK model approach can now be adapted to optimize other antipsychotic drugs.


Resumen en: This article, theoretical and argumentative, lays the conceptual and methodological basis for the study of the link between identity and narrative media ...


professional history, philosophy, organization, trend, requirement, and idealism. No type of service opportunity seems to have been neglected. Careers of great variety in level, control, incentive, and possibility have been deftly indicated. Compensations, limitations, and necessary preparations in these numerous fields have all been clearly presented in a descriptive and common-sense discussion.