Targeted drug delivery can significantly influence the efficacy of the drug. In the past decades, diverse drug delivery technologies including nano and microparticles, cocrystals, and microneedles have been developed to maximize therapeutic efficacy and minimize undesired side effects of the therapeutics. Nanoparticles – sub-micron size drug carriers – have been actively investigated for the delivery of antibiotics, nucleic acids, peptide/proteins, and chemotherapeutics. Recently, nanoparticles have gained attention as a vaccine delivery platform for tumor-associated antigens (TAAs) and/or vaccine adjuvants. Imidazoquinoline-based toll-like receptor (TLR) 7/8 agonists are potent cytokine inducers that are utilized as cancer vaccine adjuvant to elicit robust T cell response by activating dendritic cells (DCs). Despite its in vitro potency, the clinical translation of TLR7 agonists as cancer vaccine adjuvants has been limited by their poor retention at the injection site. Therefore, a formulation that can improve the availability of TLR7/8 agonists to DCs via conventional vaccine administration routes (subcutaneous, intramuscular) can broaden the application of TLR7/8 agonists for cancer immunotherapy. Polymeric nanoparticles fabricated with poly(lactide-co-glicolide) (PLGA) can be an efficient TLR7/8 agonist delivery platform. PLGA is biocompatible polymer, and nanoparticles prepared from this polymer are stable in saline and are small enough to be administered by subcutaneous/intramuscular injections. Furthermore, nanoparticulate TLR7/8 delivery can enhance the DC uptake and facilitate lymphatic drainage, both of which can enhance the adjuvanticity of TLR7/8 agonists compared to the soluble forms. In this review, we discuss the use of PLGA nanoparticles for improving cancer immunotherapy with TLR7/8 agonists. agonists. Further studies investigating mechanisms that promote immune activation and long term memory response over immunosuppression as well those evaluating the safety of NP-encapsulated TLR7/8 agonist will advance their clinical use as effective anticancer vaccine adjuvants.


Summary A perturbation theory for collisions between free particles is developed by means of a canonical transformation with the following features : 1. (i) The state of a free particle is redefined by inclusion of its virtual quanta. 2. (ii) The self-energies of all states are included in the definition of the energies. 3. (iii) The amplitude of the collision cross-section is given by an integral equation whose kernel is the transformed Hamiltonian and is given by an expansion in powers of the coupling parameter. A simplified derivation for the higher order corrections to the Compton effect is given and the analogous problem of meson scattering is discussed.


Within the context of profound transformations in work and employment, the European Foundation for the Improvement of Living and Working Conditions has undertaken a qualitative and comparative study concerning the impact of flexibility on working conditions in the European Union. Complementing other quantitative analyses the report focuses on the differentiated perceptions of working conditions between 'flexible' and 'non-flexible' workers. The concept of working conditions defined in this report includes both 'conditions of work' and 'conditions of employment'. Flexibility is shown to be a heterogeneous concept, linking both quantitative/qualitative and external/internal variables. The research then points to three typical situations: a 'cumulative' situation, where both aspects of working life are perceived as deteriorating for flexible workers; a 'non-cumulative' one, where differentiation between flexible and core workers is reported in the area of 'conditions of employment' only; a 'transversal' one, where job monotony and/or job intensification are expressed by all workers despite limited improvements due to functional flexibility.


Plastics are the synthesis of polymerization of different types of monomers. Almost all kinds of plastic will drift or float inside the water body. It will cause the plastic to be torn apart and damaged by the sunlight, oxidation and abrasion of mechanically forming plastic particles. Ecobrick is one way of handling plastic waste by packing clean and dry plastic into plastic bottles. Community empowerment to process plastic waste into something useful in the long term is one of the keys to the success of the plastic waste recycling program. This activity will provide benefits for community service participants, members who implement counselling, higher education and government. The target audience in these community service activities is the village community Bunga Raya, Siak regency. Results of public service activities that have been implemented by the community have been able to make seats from Ecobrick. In society, it is expected not only to make seats from Ecobrick but also to create other creations. So it can be used as a new business opportunity for the target community.


The principle of DiffServ and the main elements affecting the voice quality of VoIP are analyzed.A method for evaluating the QoS for VoIP network——E-model is introduced.The performance of VoIP both on DiffServ and best-effort is compared by simulation.The quantitative assessment of the voice quality of VoIP is given by using E-model,and the user-level performance analysis for the VoIP on DiffServ is carried out.


We explored the seasonal characteristics in wet deposition chemistry for two sites located at different elevations along the east slope of the Colorado Front Range in Rocky Mountain National Park. Seasonally separated precipitation was stratified into highly concentrated (high salt), dilute (low salt), or acid-dominated precipitation groups. These groups and unstratified precipitation data were related to mean easterly or westerly zonal winds to determine direction of local transport. Strong acid anion associations were also determined for the stratified and unstratified precipitation data sets. We found that strong acid anions, acidity, ammonium, and high salt concentrations originate to the east of Rocky Mountain National Park, and are transported via up-valley funneling winds or convective instability from differential heating of the mountains and the plains to the east. These influence the composition of precipitation at Beaver Meadows, the low elevation site, throughout the year, while their effect on precipitation at Loch Vale, the high elevation site, is felt most strongly during the summer. During the winter, Loch Vale precipitation is very dilute, and occurs in conjunction with westerly winds resulting from the southerly location of the jet stream. Key word index: Colorado, deposition chemistry, precipitation, sulfate, nitrate, ammonium, Rocky Mountains, wind. 1. I N T R O D U C T I O N It has been demonstrated in the eastern United States of America that the increased precipitation associated with mountains has contributed directly to increased deposition of strong acid anions on high elevation ecosystems (Lovett and Kinsman, 1990). Although western U.S. mountains do not receive nearly as much acidic deposition as their eastern counterparts (Young et al., 1988), this same argument has been extrapolated to the western U.S.A. Many have concluded from this that some high elevation western U.S.A. aquatic ecosystems are at great risk from wet-deposited SO 2and NO 3 (Landers et al., 1987; Baron, 1992; Turk and Spahr, 1991; Lewis et al., 1984). Precipitation increases with elevation in mountainous terrain due to two distinct processes, convective instability and large-scale orographic lifting. Convective instability is brought about by differential heating of low vs high elevation air masses. This results in uplift through the funneling effects of valleys on airstreams, and also enhances thunderstorm activity in the mountains (Bossert et al., 1989; Toth and Johnson, 1985; Banta and Schaaf, 1987). Large-scale orographic lifting occurs when synoptic scale flow is forced to rise as it encounters mountain barriers. As the rising air cools and condenses, precipitation is enhanced (Barry and Chorley, 1978). Along the eastern slopes of the Front Range of Colorado these processes are seasonally and directionally different (Barry, 1973). Precipitation associated with convective instability occurs most often during the summer months, bringing air masses in from the southeast and southwest, while precipitation of cyclonic origin dominates winter precipitation processes and originates from the northwest (Hansen et al., 1978; Barry, 1973). Surface winds can differ dramatically from geostrophic winds (Barry and Chorley, 1976), making it difficult to understand the nature of atmospheric transport in complex terrain (Bossert et al., 1989). In mountainous terrain, however, extensive work has shown that regional-scale air flows are dominated by diurnal cycles (Toth and Johnson, 1985; Bossert et at., 1989; Defant, 1951). Winds are topographically constrained to flow up-valley in the daytime, forced by solar heating on the plains. They reverse and flow down-valley at night, as a result of nocturnal radiative cooling that occurs rapidly on mountaintops. This diurnal pattern draws agricultural and urban air up to high elevations (Parrish et al., 1990; Langford and 2337 2338 J. BARON and A. S. DENNING Fehsenfeld, 1992). Thunders torm development is related to the diurnal inflow and outflow from mountains. As the uplifted air condenses to form cloud droplets, it releases latent heat, creating updrafts that form the nuclei of thunderstorms (Barry and Chorley, 1976). These updrafts accelerate as long as the given air mass retains a lower density than that of the surrounding air. At this point, an abrupt reversal in air flow occurs, and strong downdrafts modify the patterns of air flow (Bossert et al., 1989; Barry a n d Chorley, 1976; Banta and Schaaf, 1987). We explored the seasonal characteristics in wet deposition chemistry for two sites located at different elevations along the east slope of the Colorado Fron t Range in the Rocky Mounta in Nat ional Park. Our interest was in determining whether or not the same air masses were responsible for chemical composit ion of precipitation at both sites. This has a practical application, since many mountainous areas are sensitive to acidic deposit ion (Eilers et al., 1986; Landers et al., 1987), yet do not have year-round deposition measurement stations due to winter access problems. This makes it difficult to predict the effects of current or increased loading of strong acid anions. A recent paper by Warren et al. (1991) suggests that strong correlations of weekly SO~from six high and low elevation pairs of precipitation sampling sites in the southern Rockies has two possible causes. Either similar air masses affect precipitation composit ion at both sets of sites, or the weekly sampling interval allows sufficient averaging of individual storms to mask different air mass sources. If the precipitation chemistry and wind-related chemical composit ion indicate both sites are influenced by the same air masses, it could be due to one or both of two factors: (a) a regionally uniform background mixture of solutes that is deposited proportional to the amount of wet deposition (Oppenheimer et al., 1985; Epstein et al., 1986); or (b) both sites influenced by the same local sources of emissions and soil materials that are deposited proport ional to the amount of wet deposition (Lewis et al., 1984; Warren et al., 1992). If the sites are composit ionally and meteorologically different, it could be due to complex meteorological or atmospheric chemical behavior that brings air parcels of differing chemical composit ion to low and high elevations (Parrish et al., 1990; Lewis et al., 1984). Complex meteorology is an argument against predicting high elevation deposit ion from lower elevation, more easily accessible, monitor ing sites.


Starting from a set of meteorological data, the response of a dynamical model to the artificially produced imbalance in the mass field is pursued by making use of the pseudo-forecast initialization procedure. A three-level primitive equation model in the a-coordinate system is used as the computational model. The imbalance is produced over a subdomain located near the center of the whole region as follows: different state of balance from the original. Although the implications of the present experiment are limited, the result may be applicable to the processing of asynoptic data in weather analysis and may account for the influence of erroneous meteorological information upon numerical prediction.


In addition to defining scope, collection development policies are increasingly defining new balances of digital/print, subscriptions/selections, faculty/student/community/regional needs, curricular/research needs, providing access/building a collection, etc. Learn from three librarians who will dig deeply into the issues around defining a particular balance in collection development as well as describe the process for defining these balances on their respective campuses.


It has been shown that the major carotenoids of Spirulina are zeaxanthin and myxoxanthophyll. In order to determine which is effective to intensify the reddish color of fancy red carp, test diets containing either zeaxanthin or myxoxanthophyll were fed to solid red yearling fish for 69 days. Zeaxanthin was quite effective in color development, but no effect was found with myxoxanthophyll. It was concluded that the intensification of the color of fancy red carp with Spirulina is due to zeaxanthin, because the amount of astaxanthin in the integument of the test group whose diet contained zeaxanthin increased to eight times that of the control. In addition to the following five previously identified carotenoids, lutein, zeaxanthin, α-doradexanthin, 4-ketozeaxanthin (β-doradexanthin) and astaxanthin, during the present investigation five other carotenoids, β-carotene, cryptoxanthin, diatoxanthin, β-carotenetriol (4-hydroxy-zeaxanthin), β-carotenenetetrol, and idoxanthin were also identified from the integument of fancy red carp. The occurrence of β-carotenetriol and idoxanthin as dominant gives indirect evidence supporting the hypothesis proposed by HATA et al. of a metabolic pathway from zeaxanthin to astaxanthin through 4-ketozeaxanthin as intermediate. The scheme of the metabolic pathway will be as follows: zeaxanthin→β-carotenetriol→4-ketozeaxanthin→idoxanthin→astaxanthin.


The article presents data from an empirical study of the features of the "I-concept" of Russian female police officers. An increasing number of women realise themselves in professions traditionally seen as those suitable principally for men, including working in the police. The authors consider the socio-psychological issue of transformation of gender-role behavior and related stereotypes, which contributes to a blurring of the boundaries between male and female in the structure of the psyche of the person, and naturally causes a transformation of the «I-concept» of female police officers. Differences in the cognitive component of the "I-concept" of female police officers and civil women were revealed: women working outside military forces are more likely to think of themselves in an aesthetic and family context, while female police officers imagine themselves in a social and professional context, which is more typical for the "I-concept" of male type. The proportion of female police officers using male-type behavior and strategies to identify themselves "I am a police officer" is significantly larger than the proportion of civilian women who prefer masculine patterns of behavior when identifying with their organization. The cognitive component of the "I-concept" of female police officers is characterized by the pronounced ambivalence in the family and socio-professional spheres. Given the priority of the family sphere in the "I-concept", professional activity and its effectiveness become a secondary and tertiary concern, or the priority of the police service in the "I-concept" of female police officers assigns only the second and third role to the family sphere. Statistically significant differences were revealed in the structure of self-esteem, self-sympathy and self-acceptance of women of two groups, namely: female police officers are more self-confident, their self-respect is based on faith in themselves and their strength, independence, their reliance on their abilities, skills and capacities manifested against a backdrop of unstable auto-sympathy and a high need for social approval, prevailing focusing on social norms and success criteria. In contrast, civilian women have higher self-esteem, an active life position concerning themselves and society, trust and a positive attitude towards themselves, and awareness of their creative potential for a productive life and activity.


A 256 K EPROM (electrically programmable read-only memory) is described in which 23-ns access time was achieved by a combination of advanced CMOS processing, double-layer metal (DLM), differential sensing, address transition detection (ATD), and a ground-switched decoding scheme. DLM is used to strap wordlines in the array and bus signals in the periphery. Performance is obtained by reducing bit line length to 256 cells, with 2048 cells per word line. This results in a 70.5-mil*229.8-mil array with an efficiency of 41.2%. Die size is 116 mil*339 mil. Short bit lines result in a total column and Y-select capacitance of 1.3 pF. Word line RC delay is only 0.8 ns. DLM saves 7.3 ns over an optimized silicide design using two word line drivers. The 0.8- mu m CMOS DLM EPROM technology yields a typical unloaded ring oscillator gate delay of 115 ps. Lightly doped drain (LLD) is used on both NMOS and PMOS devices for reliability and performance. Ti/Al metalization improves metal reliability. A composite interpoly dielectric is used for improved FAMOS (floating-gate avalanche-injection MOS) reliability.<<ETX>>


A short review of correlated electrons in molecular systems has been performed. Main attention has been focussed on ET salts, which are the d=2 systems. They show the Mott transition in high temperatures and the transition from the antiferromagnetic to the superconducting phase in low temperatures, under a (chemical) pressure. Physical properties (the electrical resistivity, the specific heat, the magnetic susceptibility, the photoemission spectra, the optical conductivity) of ET salts have been compared with those ones in other strongly correlated systems. The optical conductivity is described in the framework of the Hubbard model, with a low frequency peak as an evidence for the Abrikosov-Suhl resonance.


This investigation has been performed by order and for the account of Food and Consumer Product Safety Authority (VWA), within the framework of project 250912, Quantitative research of Bacillus cereus within the scope of hazard characterization and exposure assessment, and within the Fifth European Community Framework Programme, within the framework of project QLK1-CT-2001-00854, Bacillus cereus: Preventing Bacillus cereus foodborne poisoning in Europe; detecting hazardous strains, tracing contamination routes and proposing criteria for foods. Trefwoorden: Bacillus cereus, algemene karakteristieken, ziekmakend vermogen, dunne darm, ontkieming. Abstract Bacillus cereus: characteristics, behaviour in gastro-intestinal tract, and interaction with Caco-2 cells. The consumption of food contaminated with the bacterium Bacillus cereus may lead to diarrhoea. Investigation of characteristics of the bacterium and the pathogenesis increased knowledge regarding the onset of disease. Strains of Bacillus cereus were categorised according to specific characteristics. Besides artificial media to determine the growth characteristics of the strains, simulated intestinal fluid and human body temperature were used. Diarrhoeal disease is mainly caused by strains which grow well at 37ºC and which adapt easily to small intestinal conditions. Adhesion of Bacillus cereus to the epithelium of the small intestine appears to be of vital importance for the onset of disease. Moreover, epithelial cells are able to induce germination of Bacillus cereus spores. These are forms of the bacterium able to withstand a variety of adverse conditions, such as dryness and heat. Data on the occurrence of Bacillus cereus in food commodities in The Netherlands will be published elsewhere.


In this paper, the effect of wall conduction of an autothermal tubular methane microreformer is investigated numerically. It is found that the axial wall conduction can strongly influence the performance of the microreactor and should not be neglected without a careful a priori investigation of its impact. By increasing the wall thermal conductivity, the maximum wall surface temperature is decreased. Due to the complex exothermic–endothermic nature of the chemistry of reforming, the axial variation of the wall temperature is not monotonic. Methane conversion and hydrogen yield are strongly dependent on the wall inner surface temperature, hence the heat conduction through the channel wall. The equivalence ratio and the wall thickness also significantly affect the reforming effectiveness and must be carefully considered in reactor optimization. Furthermore, it is found that exothermic oxidation reaction mechanisms, especially partial oxidation, are responsible for syngas (hydrogen and carbon monoxide) production near the inlet. Farther downstream, in the oxygen deficient region, endothermic steam reforming is the main hydrogen producing mechanism. By increasing the thermal conductivity, steam reforming becomes stronger and partial oxidation becomes weaker. For all investigated inlet conditions, the highest hydrogen yield is obtained for no or very low conductive walls. 2005 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.


We present space‐ and ground‐based multi‐instrument observations demonstrating the impact of the 2022 Tonga volcanic eruption on dayside equatorial electrodynamics. A strong counter electrojet (CEJ) was observed by Swarm and ground‐based magnetometers on 15 January after the Tonga eruption and during the recovery phase of a moderate geomagnetic storm. Swarm also observed an enhanced equatorial electrojet (EEJ) preceding the CEJ in the previous orbit. The observed EEJ and CEJ exhibited complex spatiotemporal variations. We combine them with the Ionospheric Connection Explorer neutral wind measurements to disentangle the potential mechanisms. Our analysis indicates that the geomagnetic storm had minimal impact; instead, a large‐scale atmospheric disturbance propagating eastward from the Tonga eruption site was the most likely driver for the observed intensification and directional reversal of the equatorial electrojet. The CEJ was associated with strong eastward zonal winds in the E‐region ionosphere, as a direct response to the lower atmosphere forcing.


The effects that the tissue-air interface has on the basal-layer dose at a depth of 70 jm from f l emitters on the skin surface are studied using Monte Carlo calculations. The dose is decreased at small lateral distances from a point source but is increased at large distances.


Hydrogen technologies will play a key role in the near future in maintaining transport and mobility sustainability. The technical solutions used in hydrogen technology use many common elements from "traditional" types of propellant fossil fuel. However, the specific chemical, biological and physical properties of hydrogen require different approaches in construction and design. These specific properties also entail possible safety risks resulting from inadequate knowledge in this area. In order to minimize them, it is necessary to know these technologies also in terms of possible threats and to create a system for their early identification, minimization or elimination.


Our work focuses on inductive transfer learning, a setting in which one assumes that both source and target tasks share the same features and label spaces. We demonstrate that transfer learning can be successfully used for feature reduction and hence for more efficient classification performance. Further, our experiments show that this approach increases the precision of the classification task as well.


[Comment on Vujic Spasic et al, page 4511][1]Vujic Spasic and colleagues have specifically ablated Hfe expression in mouse enterocytes and demonstrated that intestinal Hfe is dispensable for normal iron homeostasis.

The mechanism by which functional loss of HFE leads to hereditary hemochromatosis (


Purpose: To compare the performance of two image registration algorithms used to obtain deformation vector fields (DVF) in the context of 4D radiation therapy, where DVFs are used to remap the dose on a reference breathing phase. Method and Materials: Two image registration methods were used in this study: 1) a multiresolution B‐splines using mutual information as a similarity measure 2) a Demons algorithm using a sum of squared differences as a similarity measure. The algorithms were implemented with the ITK toolkit and tested on a lungtumor case for which 4D data were available. The DVFs obtained were used in a simple anterior/posterior treatment plan with and without heterogeneity corrections. The doses were warped on the reference phase using a trilinear remapping with octant subdivision. Results: Large dose differences (20 Gy) were locally observed in the penumbra between static and motion‐corrected dose distributions but those differences had no effect on the CTV coverage. Indeed, Accounting for the tissue heterogeneity was shown to have more impact on the CTV mean dose than accounting for breath‐induced deformation (4 Gy compared to less than 1 Gy). Conclusion: Even though the accumulated dose distributions in the treatment of lungtumors is sensitive to the properties of the deformation vector fields (DVFs) used, no significant dosimetric difference was observed between the B‐splines corrected‐motion and the Demons corrected‐motion map doses. This situation is due to properly set structure margins, if these margins were to be tightened the differences would most probably increase.


This chapter examines the appeals system, the most important purpose of which from the legal system's point of view is the development and clarification of the law. Reviewing the law in this way allows the higher courts to exert some control over the lower courts and adds much to an understanding of the forces shaping the appeals system. From the point of view of litigants, appeals offer a chance to challenge a result they are unhappy with. The chapter discusses restrictions on appeal rights; challenging jury verdicts; due process appeals; post-appeal review of convictions by the Criminal Cases Review Commission; miscarriages of justice, prosecution appeals; and double jeopardy and retrials.


Objective We wished to evaluate the incidence of non-contiguous spinal injury in the cervicothoracic junction (CTJ) or the upper thoracic spines on cervical spinal MR images in the patients with cervical spinal injuries. Materials and Methods Seventy-five cervical spine MR imagings for acute cervical spinal injury were retrospectively reviewed (58 men and 17 women, mean age: 35.3, range: 18-81 years). They were divided into three groups based on the mechanism of injury; axial compression, hyperflexion or hyperextension injury, according to the findings on the MR and CT images. On cervical spine MR images, we evaluated the presence of non-contiguous spinal injury in the CTJ or upper thoracic spine with regard to the presence of marrow contusion or fracture, ligament injury, traumatic disc herniation and spinal cord injury. Results Twenty-one cases (28%) showed CTJ or upper thoracic spinal injuries (C7-T5) on cervical spinal MR images that were separated from the cervical spinal injuries. Seven of 21 cases revealed overt fractures in the CTJs or upper thoracic spines. Ligament injury in these regions was found in three cases. Traumatic disc herniation and spinal cord injury in these regions were shown in one and two cases, respectively. The incidence of the non-contiguous spinal injuries in CTJ or upper thoracic spines was higher in the axial compression injury group (35.3%) than in the hyperflexion injury group (26.9%) or the hyperextension (25%) injury group. However, there was no statistical significance (p > 0.05). Conclusion Cervical spinal MR revealed non-contiguous CTJ or upper thoracic spinal injuries in 28% of the patients with cervical spinal injury. The mechanism of cervical spinal injury did not significantly affect the incidence of the non-contiguous CTJ or upper thoracic spinal injury.


This article reports on research regarding interprofessional education (IPE) in child welfare conducted in 2009 and 2010. Pre service nursing, social worker and teacher education candidates participated in a workshop that "exposed" (Charles, Bainbridge & Gilbert, 2010) students to IPE in child welfare. This paper addresses a gap in literature in IPE in child welfare.   Literature in IPE precedes a description of the workshop followed by an explanation of the integrated expert presentation, case study, modeling, reflection and small and large group processes. Results of the survey administered to workshop attendees are presented. Likert scaled questions indicate a high degree of satisfaction with the workshop organization, pedagogy and objectives. Responses to the open-ended questions align closely with the Thistlethwaite and Moran (2010) learning outcomes framework. It is clear that pre-service students learned with, from and about each other's discipline. 2 tables and an extensive reference list are included.


Concerning the status quo of the low access rate to the library of our school,the paper explores the reason for why the phenomenon comes into being based on a survey on some of the students of the school and elab orates how to improve the utilization of the library and how to enhance students'awareness of the utilization of the library.What' s more,the paper provides some suggestions on the improvement of the utilization of the library.

Key words:
Library ;  Vocational students ;  Status quo ;  Library awareness ;  Countermeasures


Microscale devices can be found in applications ranging from sensors to structural components. The dominance of surface forces at the microscale hinders the assembly processes through nonlinear interactions that are difficult to model for automation, limiting designs of microsystems to primarily monolithic structures. Methods for modeling surface forces must be presented for viable manufacturing of devices consisting of multiple microparts. This paper proposes the implementation of supervised machine learning models to aid in automated micromanipulation tasks for advanced manufacturing applications. The developed models use sets of training data to implicitly model surface interactions and predict end-effector placement and paths that will yield a desired part trajectory. Conclusions and recommendations are based on evaluations of a collection of machine learning models and the effects of training data size and hyperparameter tuning on a collection of error metrics.


The paper discusses the historical characteristics of the application of Marxism in China.During the time of revolution,we applied Marxism in the Chinese revolution.We enriched and developed it with our excellent cultural heritage.During the time of reformation and opening,we break through the shackles of traditional culture.We further enrich and develop Marxism.The application of Marxism in China advances with the times.


A simple method of plotting the frequency characteristics from the unfactored rational transfer function is presented. The method, which is not restricted to real poles, allows a clear insight into the influence of the coefficients upon the shape of the frequency characteristics. Two examples illustrate the handiness and simplicity of the method.


This paper investigates the relationship between referential and non-referential null subjects in Middle Norwegian. It argues that overt, non-referential subject det arose before the loss of referential null subjects, contrary to the predictions of much previous work. A diachronic analysis compatible with the empirical findings is sketched out.


This paper examines budget goal commitment and informational effects of budget participation on performance. A structural model is proposed and tested that includes budget participation, budget goal commitment, job‐relevant information, and job performance variables. The data were collected by survey questionnaires. Seventy‐nine middle‐level managers, drawn randomly from a cross‐section of manufacturing companies in Australia, participated in the project. A structural equation modeling technique was used to test hypothesized linkages. Support was found for the effects of budget goal commitment and informational roles of budget participation on job performance.


Background:Tumor suppressor genes (including P53) are cancer suppressor genes. Mutations in these genes contribute to the development of cancer ( including breast cancer) since its role in controlling cell growth. Objective: To Evaluate the status of P53 and determination some blood parameters. Patients and Methods: Fifty female patients having primary breast carcinoma or breast mass and their age range from (1778 years), were included in this case control study. Other 50 relative to the patient women non breast carcinoma as controls, their age range from (2165 years). ELISA test was used to evaluate the status of P53 in serum of breast cancer women and relative control non breast cancer women . Blood samples are collected from both patients women and relative female, 5ml syringe used to collect blood. 3ml of collected venous blood placed in blood tubes with specific gel to facilitate separation of serum and centrifuged at 1400 r.p.m for 10 minutes then serum is collected in collecting tube and store at -20 until use. 2ml of collecting blood placed in EDTA tube for CBC (complete blood account) by Medonic M32 3. Diff Hematology Analyzer, in which WBCs and platelet count included. Results: The titer (Mean ± SD) of p53 in breast cancer women was (140.7 pg/mL ± 60.9 pg/mL) which is less than those of control non breast cancer women which their titer was (192.6 pg/mL ± 285.5 pg/mL) with non-significant difference (P< 0.05) between two groups. The level (Mean ± SD) of total WBC number in breast cancer group was (8.5 pg/mL ± 2.5 pg/mL) x103cells/mm3 which was higher significant (P<0.05) than those of control non breast cancer women (7.5 pg/mL ± 1.4 pg/mL) x103cells/mm3. The level of (Mean ± SD) platelet number of breast cancer women was (344.8 pg/mL ± 116.8 pg/mL) x103cells/mm3 which was higher nonsignificant(P<0.05) than those of control non breast cancer women (316.7 pg/mL ± 95.8 pg/mL) x103cells/mm3 . There is no correlation between total WBC and platelet number in non breast cancer women but there is non significant correlation in breast cancer women . Lymphocyte and neutrophile number and percentage was significantly higher in breast cancer women than control non breast cancer women. Conclusion: The activity of P53 is decreased which may contributed to cancer while blood parameter were elevated in the serum of breast cancer women.


To analyze the development of adult higher college quantitatively,the strategic decision-making model is established based on System Dynamics(SD).The factors related to higher college and administration are analyzed with system thinking especially for the key factors in adult education.The models with system dynamics of adult higher college development decision-making are established based on causal loop diagrams.The models are simulated and revised.The parametric sensitivity of system is analyzed with analysis and simulation of model.The result of simulation indicates that the model can be used to make a strategic decision for medium and long term adult higher college development and the validity of decision is improved.


A method and apparatus for recording and reproducing a motion picture with location information for. The method for recording a moving image comprises: when detecting a request to play a moving image, using the position data acquiring current location information of the mobile terminal, retrieving location information included in a moving image, the position of the current location information and the retrieved comparing information, and current location information and the retrieved location information are substantially the same to each other, reproduce the moving image.


In today's globalized markets, consumers can select from a broad range of products often stemming from different countries. Internationally active companies therefore need to know upon which information consumers base their purchase decisions. In this context, the country-of-origin of a product has been shown to be one of the key informational cues that consumers use during product evaluation and selection. In studying country-of-origin effects, one key construct in the literature is the image of a country capturing consumers' cognitive and affective associations connected to a country.
This thesis is located in this stream of research and seeks to extend the current understanding of the nature and functioning of country image in several ways. First, a review of the relevant literature reveals that, despite a large body of research, the construct of country image is still not well conceptualized and operationalized. A key aim of this dissertation is, therefore, to provide a conceptual clarification of the domain of the country image construct and to delineate its relationship to conceptually similar constructs such as country personality. Second, since extant country image research has mainly focused on the effects of country image on consumers' evaluations and purchase intentions, the present study focuses upon the key antecedents of country image formation. Specifically, the constructs of national identity and consumer ethnocentrism are identified as key constructs influencing the formation of country images. Third, the impact of the focal constructs (i.e. the antecedents of country image and country image itself) on different behavioral outcome variables such as purchase intentions, investments, and visits to a country is systematically assessed. Fourth, to investigate the economic value of country images, literature on country-of-origin and brand equity is integrated to propose two additional constructs, namely country brand equity and retailer-perceived brand equity. The main objective of this thesis is thus to deliver empirically-based insights on the formation and impact of country image perceptions on behavioral consequences.


Translation is a recreation and similar association is its quintessence.Therefore,in poetry translation between English and Chinese,the beauty of form,sound and mood,and the cultural differences between the two languages are to be taken into consideration.Only then can the reader of the target language have an association similar to that of the reader of the source languge.


This paper presents a design and realization of FFSK(Fast Frequency Shift Keying) modem by using STC12C5410 MCU based on CMX469A.The modem is used in a point-to-point digital communication system.The results show that the FFSK has more virtues of phase continuation and higher band utilization than FSK and PSK/DPSK.


In this paper, the gradual real numbers are considered and the
notion of the gradual normed linear space is given. Also some topological
properties of such spaces are studied, and it is shown that the gradual normed
linear space is a locally convex space, in classical sense. So the results in locally
convex spaces can be translated in gradual normed linear spaces. Finally, we
give an example of a gradual normed linear space which is not normable in
classical analysis.


In its seven theses, this article discusses: (a) how different qualitative sociology is from other approaches; (b) the role of 'casing' in generating both units of analysis and settings; (c) the theoretical and empirical work of adjudicating what some emergent phenomena is a case of; (d) the 'modelization' through writing of our case as a research object; (e) the rhetorical construction of causality and the central role of 'puzzles' on it; (f) the reflexive epistemological vigilance about the role of the participant observer in producing the knowledge they generate; and (g) the reconceptualization of qualitative sociology as a type of epistemological package, and of theorization, in consequence, as a kind of practical activity.


ABSTRACT The recollections of sixteen African American administrators who were some of the first hired in de/segregated school districts in the North are analyzed in order to understand their work lives and experiences in district processes. Findings are analyzed through the lens of workforce diversity perspectives. Five themes emerged from the data regarding race, African American administrators' roles and experiences. Findings indicate that elements of all three diversity perspectives were present, but the most inclusive, integration-and-learning was least present. Recommendations for further research in contemporary contexts are provided.


In this study, we compared experimentally measured fiber network kinematics and the macroscopic mechanical response from cell-compacted, cross-shaped collagen gels (cruciforms), with the predictions from our multiscale modeling technique. The macroscopic finite element model matched the physical dimensions and boundary conditions of the experimental cruciform to be modeled. Different microscale network models were constructed for each finite element that matched fiber microstructure described by maps of the local direction and strength of alignment obtained from polarimetric alignment imaging. The outputs of the multiscale model included the macroscopic load-deformation response and the microscopic (fiber) kinematics.


In cognitive radio ad-hoc networks, two users rendezvous on a common available channel to realize communications. Most existing rendezvous papers focus on success-guaranteed channel-hopping sequence design. However, the theoretical rendezvous successful rate may suffer from the available channel status changing, collisions on channels, congestion at users, and target users unavailability in practical scenarios. Thus, a practical rendezvous framework that can address these issues is highly demanded. In this paper, we develop analytical models for each possible factor which may influence the performance of rendezvous. Then, based on the analysis of each factor, we propose corresponding schemes and integrate them into a self-adaptive protocol which can adjust its reaction and optimize system parameters to adapt to the dynamic network. Simulation results demonstrate that our proposed protocol gains better performance in terms of true rendezvous successful rate, short rendezvous delay, and low congestion. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first rendezvous protocol that addresses practical issues in realistic communication scenarios in cognitive radio networks.


Erythromelalgia is an uncommon neurovascular pain syndrome characterized by periodic attacks with a triad of erythema, increased temperature, and burning pain that primarily affects the feet and hands and leads to markedly diminished quality of life.[1–4] Erythromelalgia exists as either a primary, idiopathic form or secondary to various diseases, especially myeloproliferative neoplasms, essential thrombocythemia (ET), and polycythemia vera (PV).[1–3] Diagnosis should prompt evaluation for myeloproliferative neoplasms because erythromelalgia can precede or be the initial manifestation of an underlying myeloproliferative neoplasm.[1,5,6] The pathogenesis of secondary erythromelalgia is currently not well understood. Prior studies propose that erythromelalgia is caused by arterial microcirculation occlusion from intravascular platelet activation and aggregation, which is supported by the efficacy of aspirin in reducing erythromelalgia symptoms.[2,3,5,7] Although treatment of erythromelalgia is often challenging, erythromelalgia secondary to ET and PV is typically responsive to aspirin. Treatment of the underlying myeloproliferative neoplasm may reduce erythromelalgia symptoms.[3,6] The main objective of our study was to describe the clinical and laboratory characteristics and the results of treatment of patients with erythromelalgia secondary to ET and PV. The Mayo Clinic Institutional Review Board approved this study. We queried the institution's diagnosis index of patients with erythromelalgia and cross-referenced them with either ET or PV at Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, between 1995 and 2012. All patients who received a diagnosis of ET and six of the eight patients who had the diagnosis of PV had bone marrow confirmation of their myeloproliferative neoplasm. Ten patients had ET and erythromelalgia; eight patients had PV with erythromelalgia. For one patient, erythromelalgia was the presenting manifestation of ET, with diagnosis of erythromelalgia approximately 5 years before diagnosis of ET. All other patients had the diagnosis of the myeloproliferative neoplasm at the same time or before the diagnosis of erythromelalgia. Six of the patients in the ET and erythromelalgia group had simultaneous diagnosis of ET and erythromelalgia. Four of the eight patients received a diagnosis of PV and erythromelalgia concurrently. Six patients in the ET and erythromelalgia group were male; two patients in the PV and erythromelalgia group were male. In the ET and erythromelalgia group, the average age at diagnosis of ET and erythromelalgia was 52.9 years and 53.1 years, respectively. By comparison, the patients had the diagnoses of PV or PV with erythromelalgia at older ages, averaging 78.8 years and 83.6 years, respectively. Most commonly, erythromelalgia involved the lower extremities, which is consistent with prior case reports.[3,4] All of our patients had bilateral extremities affected; however, in secondary erythromelalgia, unilateral involvement may be present.[2] Table 1 details the affected site distribution, the laboratory characteristics at the time of myeloproliferative neoplasm diagnosis, and the clinical features. Treatment details were available for five of the 10 patients with erythromelalgia and ET. Consistent with the literature, therapy with aspirin and treatment of the underlying myeloproliferative neoplasm resolved or greatly reduced erythromelalgia symptoms. One patient achieved resolution of erythromelalgia with aspirin 81 mg and another patient with aspirin 325 mg and hydroxyurea. A separate patient taking aspirin 81 mg and hydroxyurea reported an 80% reduction in erythromelalgia symptoms. Another patient receiving a regimen of aspirin 81 mg, hydroxyurea, pregabalin, and hydroxyzine noticed a daily reduction from 30 erythromelalgia attacks to 5. One patient did not achieve platelet control with hydroxyurea or anagrelide treatment but did have excellent control with busulfan, which is thought to provide longer relief by affecting platelet production.[4] This latter patient


Introduction Blood pressure increases with age. Systolic blood pressure continues to increase throughout adult life, related to progressive arterial stiffening, whereas diastolic blood pressure plateaus in the sixth decade of life and decreases thereafter. The prevalence of hypertension in the population amounts to ~ 25%. When broken down by age and gender, the prevalence is approximately 15%, 30%, and 55% in men aged 18–39 yrs, 40–59 yrs, and ≥ 60 yrs, respectively, and about 5%, 30%, and 65% in women in these age groups. These epidemiological data indicate that hypertension may already be present in the young athlete, though rarely, but will occur more frequently in the older sportsman. However, ~ 25% of patients with hypertension by conventional measurements have a normal blood pressure on 24-hour ambulatory monitoring or on home blood pressure measurements, so-called white-coat hypertension [1], and it has been shown that young athletes with clinic hypertension often have normal blood pressure on ambulatory monitoring [2]. Approximately 95% of patients with hypertension have essential or primary hypertension which results from an interaction between genetic factors and lifestyle/environmental factors including being overweight, high salt intake, excessive alcohol consumption, and physical inactivity. However, the role of blood pressure increasing ergogenic aids should be considered in the hypertensive sportsman or athlete. Athletes may be taking large doses of prohibited substances such as anabolic steroids, erythropoietin, stimulants, and so forth. The uncontrolled use of these agents has been associated with numerous side effects including hypertension. In addition, the use of non-steroidal, anti-inflammatory drugs should be specifically considered, since these compounds may increase blood pressure and are commonly used in the athletic setting.


Multiple sclerosis is a chronic progressive disease of the central nervous system. Multiple sclerosis patients usually experience somewhat gradual decline in their ability to function normally or at least safely within their environment. This combined with the fact that there is a decline in cognitive function, most frequently memory and recall, as stated in a study completed by Dr. Sarah Elpern in Washington, DC, often causes them to withdraw from most social situations and from people in general except their immediate family. When they come into the acute rehab setting they are often withdrawn and frequently angry and unwilling to accept teaching and resistive to having even their significant others/caregivers (families) participate in therapy with them. When the inpatient support group was originally formed caregivers were encouraged to attend. The group was designed to teach the patient to function safely within their environment while utilizing energy conservation and work saving techniques and also to accept assistance when they need it. The criteria to participate in the group is simple. The patient must have an admitting diagnosis of multiple sclerosis. They must be able to tolerate a 60-min session. And they must be able to -----------


By analyzing the influence factors of chemical composition,cement types and dose,the moisture content and dry density of cement stabilizing natural gravelly soils,blend method,construction process and health preserving condition,compactness on cement stabilizing natural gravelly soils intensity,the cement dose requirement of cement stabilizing natural gravelly soils as base,the requirement of moisture content control and compactness were gained.


The lattice structure possible in the low-temperature phase of the Ih-XI transition in ice is studied from a statistical mechanical viewpoint. The entropy is calculated as a function of order parameters to clarify the role of the ice constraint within the Bragg-Williams approximation. The internal energy is introduced only in the quadratic form of order parameters. The order parameter is proved to show the jump between 1 and 0 at the Ih( P 6 3 / m m c )- C m c 2 1 transition in analytical manner. The Ih- P 6 3 m c transition was recently proposed on the basis of experimental results of neutron diffraction, but is proved to be of second order contrary to the experimental results indicating the first order transition accompanied with the anomalously large thermal relaxation time.


Online store companies, marketplace and e-commerce business actors in their growth generate competition among the perpetrators. In the competition, advertising on television becomes one way to be a winner. One version of a television advertisement made by bukalapak.com becomes an advertising communication with messages and meanings in it. The research method used is qualitative descriptive method. Data collection techniques in this study using documentation and literature study, as well as references related to research. The analytical technique used is semiotic analysis by Charles Sander Pierse


Abstract In C2H5OH and H2O as solvent, the reaction of Sm(NO3)3·6H2O with C6H5COONa, phen (phen = phenanthroline) and HOAc produced binuclear Sm(III) complex [Sm2(phen)2(C6H5COO)4(CH3COO)2]. Its structure has been studied by X-ray diffraction. The complex molecule is centrosymmetric and each Sm(III) ion is 9-coordinated in an irregular polyhedron. Two Sm(III) ions are bridged by two C6H5COO− groups and two CH3COO− groups. The complex crystallizes in the triclinic, space group P -1, with a = 9.892(2) Å, b = 12.032(3) Å, c = 12.612(2) Å, α = 65.950(9)°, β = 67.731(11)°, γ = 66.803(11)°, V = 1216.5(3) Å,3 Z = 1. The final R = 0.0282, wR = 0.0706. The UV-VIS-NIR and IR spectra of the complex have been determined and discussed.


Virtual projects are essential components of modern organizations that seek to be flexible and take advantage of distributed resources. A virtual project is a project in which team members are dispersed geographically and potentially on other dimensions, and are working together to accomplish a specific task under time and resource constraints. Because of their dispersion, team members have to rely on computer-mediated communication tools to do their work. Virtual projects are prevalent in software development and increasingly common in research and development, marketing, and customer relationship management, hence they are an important phenomenon for study. The challenge is to discover which practices and perspectives help to enhance the effectiveness of virtual projects, so that team members can leverage the advantages of virtuality while avoiding its pitfalls. The relevant literature on this topic comes from many areas, including studies of virtual teams as well as the body of knowledge in project management. In this article, we bring together disparate fields and provide an integrated view of virtual project management. We begin by defining key terms and concepts in the context of an overall framework and briefly describe relevant knowledge from current research. We then discuss key issues and future trends for research, and conclude with overall observations and implications.


In counteraction to the increasing threat of cyber terrorism, the modeling to be predicted in guessing the predictive models for estimating the incidence of cyber-attacks for enterprise network in Myanmar are seriously needed. Although we need these models, there is no record of attacks, defenseless, outcome and threat to utilize the developing predictive models and authentication. The main purpose of this research is to determine whether SOC (Security Operation Center) manager uses cyber security model by using SOC results figures to prepare further cyber defense and incident response plan. The goal of this study was achieved by conducting experiments on various cyber-attacks occurred in security operation center of Industrial Control System (ICS).


Copper to copper lap joint was made by the resistance heating, applying pressure simultaneously. The copper plate was pre-soldered and the alloyed layer was pre-formed by using Pb-50Sn solder and then joint mechanism of press-soldered joints was analyzed.The reason of enhancing strength and heat resistance heated by applying voltage in press-soldered joints is summarized as follows.(1) Solder composition turns to Cu-Sn alloy composition.(2) Joint layer with higher melting point was formed in which Cu increases and Sn decreases.(3) In terms of the crystal structure, Cu3Sn, Cu6Sn5 and Cu(α) phases turns to Cu41Tn11 and Cu(α) phases which have high heat resistance.


Reduction of noise generated by devices is an important problem, both in industrial environments where high sound pressure levels may damage hearing, and in households where the sound pressure level is usually moderate, but may cause discomfort and stress. Classically used passive methods often have poor performance for low frequencies. Alternatively, active control can be used to improve noise reduction in this frequency range. In the proposed approach, noise generated by devices may be reduced by controlling vibrations of the casing. The authors previously confirmed the performance of the proposed active control approach using a dedicated noise-canceling casing. Herein, we describe further development and application of the method to an off-the-shelf washing machine. Electrodynamic actuators were installed on four walls of the washing machine. The performance of the control systems was experimentally evaluated during the real spinning phase and the results are reported here.


ABSTRACT Considering the current disadvantages of present offshore wind turbine foundations, a novel anchor foundation with skirt and branches is proposed, called offshore umbrella suction anchor foundation (USAF). A series of experiments and numerical simulations were performed to explore the bearing capacity of the USAF under various kinds of loading modes. The bearing characteristics and the anchor–soil interactions are described in detail for horizontal static loading, horizontal cyclic loading, and an antidrawing (pullout) test in silty soil. In the static loading test, the load–deflection of the anchor under step loading was analyzed and the normalized curve of the load–deflection was obtained to determine the ultimate horizontal bearing capacity of the anchor under normal working conditions. Under horizontal cyclic loading, the relationship between the plastic cumulative deformation and cyclic number was determined. In addition, the responses of USAF were investigated for a low wave frequency and storm surges. In the drawing test, it was found that a "segmentation phenomenon" occurred during the test. Moreover, a method to identify the maximum antidrawing load of USAF was provided based on dynamic mechanics. The numerical results show that the use of anchor branches and skirt can enhance the bearing performance of USAF to a certain degree. However, the anchor branch has a slight positive influence on the bearing performance improvement. The USAF is not only similar to a stiff short pile, but a rotation occurs. The failure envelope under composite loading (V-M) was obtained and the changes associated with changes in the aspect ratio of the internal compartment were clarified.


Electromagnetic wave propagation theory is often used in the geo-electromagnetics. Due to the different governing equations, its application is often limited to qualitative interpretation. This article tries to learn from the method of electromagnetic wave propagation in metal, and obtains the analytical solution of magnetotelluric field in the dipping interface model is compared and analyzed with the numerical solution of magnetotelluric.


Impact techniques can be used to evaluate firmness on fruit. Chen and Ruiz-Altisent developed and used a 50,4 g impactor with a 19 mm diameter spherical tip, dropping from different heights onto the fruit. Another impactor device is a semispherical impacting tip attached to the end of a pivoting arm. In both devices a small accelerometer is mounted behind the impacting tip. Prototype lateral impactor on-line sorting system for high-speed firmness sorting of fruits has been developed and tested. Preliminary results shows that is possible its use on-line. The last version of an impact device has new elements that improve the data resolution, the signal-noise ratio and the precision.


The sturm-und-drang quality of educational reforms in the United States and England has prompted educators to ask how curriculum changes will affect teaching and learning. Central government in England and state agencies in the United States increasingly control curriculum development by writing the standards, monitoring teaching, and assessing standards' impact on students' achievements. But how does increasing government regulation of education impact teachers' professionalism and morale? In arguing that teachers need to retain significant control over what and how they teach, Quiet Wisdom addresses this question for elementary-and secondary-level English teaching. Quiet Wisdom should be read by every preservice and inservice English teacher in graduate-level teacher education courses. This book is also written for a wider audience of administrators, curriculum planners and policy makers.


In this work, we evaluate a wireless system in which we distinguish between cacheable and non-cacheable traffic. More specifically, we consider a general system in which a wireless user with limited cache storage requests cacheable content from a data center that can be directly accessed through a base station. The user can be assisted by a pair of wireless helpers that exchange non-cacheable content. Packets arrive at the queue of the source helper in bursts. Each helper has its own caches to assist the user's requests for cacheable content. Files not available from the helpers are transmitted by the base station. We analyze the system throughput and the delay experienced by the user and show how they are affected by the packet arrival rate at the source helper, the availability of caching helpers, the caches' parameters, and the user's request rate by means of numerical results.


Provides instructions and suggestions for giving beginner LaTeX workshops in Libraries. Materials can be found from the UMD Libraries, Workshop Materials Library from this page: https://www.lib.umd.edu/rc/common-quandaries. For more LaTeX materials see the author's OSF or Github pages.


Secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS) is a powerful and effective approach for the characterization of the lateral and three dimensional distribution of trace elements in solids. The investigation of the trace element distribution in two chromium samples which were produced by sintering process and hot isostatic pressing is reported. By applying two-dimensional (2-d) SIMS, it is shown that in both samples the gaseous impurities O and N diffuse to the grain boundaries. Three-dimensional (3-d) SIMS measurements illustrate that there are major differences in the spatial distribution of trace elements.


This research was conducted at PT. Bank Danamon Indonesia Tbk Branch Pekanbaru. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of employee competencies and workload simultaneously and partly on employee performance. The population of this study were employeestotaling 89 people. Research variables used are the competence of employees and workload as independent variables and employee performance as the dependent variable. Data analysis method used is multiple linear regression analysis.Calculation of partial, competence of employees affect the performance of employees. Furthermore, the workload impact on employee performance. Simultaneously, employee competence, workload and performance of employees affect the performance of employees.


In the five years ending Jan. 1, 1926, 903 patients with gallbladder disease were admitted to the surgical service of the Lankenau Hospital. Of these, 605 (67 per cent)1were female, and 298 (33 per cent) were male patients; 452 (50 per cent) were of the calculous and 438 (48.5 per cent) of the noncalculous variety. The series included also thirteen cases (1.5 per cent) of carcinoma of the gallbladder. Although most of the patients were admitted during a more or less quiescent interval, 149 (17.5 per cent of the total number) of the patients with calculous cholecystitis showed acute symptoms at the time of admission, as revealed by fever, tenderness, a palpable mass in the right upper abdomen, rigidity and a leukocytosis above 10,000. Of these, 114 were women and thirty-five men. Of the noncalculous variety, ninety-nine (9.8 per cent) were diagnosed as acute because of the same


We present the quasiparticle band structure and the optical excitation spectrum of bulk LiF and the LiF(001)-(1\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}1) surface. First, we calculate the ground-state geometry of the bulk and the surface using density-functional theory within the local-density approximation. Next, applying the $\mathrm{GW}$ approximation for the self-energy, we evaluate the corresponding quasiparticle band structure. Finally, we calculate the electron-hole interaction, solve the Bethe-Salpeter equation for the two-particle Green function, and investigate the optical-absorption spectrum. The obtained spectrum of bulk LiF, which is dominated by a strong exciton peak at 12.7 eV, is in good agreement with experiment. At the LiF(001)-(1\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}1) surface, the excitonic effects are strongly modified with respect to the bulk. In particular, we observe a surface exciton at 12.3 eV, i.e., 0.4 eV below the bulk exciton.


Objective To evaluate the changes of the activation and proliferation of rat cardiac fibroblasts in infarcted and non-infarcted regions.Methods The model of myocardial infarction (AMI)was developed through the ligation of anterior descending branch of left coronary artery.After 24 hours,the survived 114 rats were randomly assigned to the following 2 groups:(1)AMI group (n=57);(2)telmisartan treatment group(n=57).And a sham-operated group(n=32)was used asa control.All groups were terminated at day 4,7,14,28,respectively(n=10,12,15,20).At the end of the study,heart rate(HR),blood pressure (BP),ventricle relative weight (ventricle weight/body weight,VW/BW) and survival rate were measured,and the activation and proliferation of fibroblast and collagen volume fraction (CVF) were assessed.Results (1)The 28 day accumulated survival rate for treatment group was lower than that for AMI group (P0.05),so were the ratios of VW/BW for treatment group on day 14,28 (all P0.05).(2)In AMI and treatment groups,many myofibroblast with positive α-smooth muscle actin(α-SMA)and vimentin VA phenotype appeared on day 4.The amount of myofibroblast was gradually decreased after day 7.On day 28,the percentages of VA and proliferating cell nuclear antigen(PCNA)positive cells were significantly lower in treatment group than in AMI group (all P0.05).In non-infarcted myocardium,there were no significant differences in α-SMA and PCNA positive rates among the three groups.(3)The CVF was reduced on day 28 in treatment group when compared with AMI group (P0.05).But in non-infarcted myocardium,CVF decreased markedly with telmisartan treatment on day 14,28 when compared with AMI group(all P0.01).Conclusions Telmisartan can improve cardiac remodeling after AMI in rats,decrease the mortality of AMI rats and may have therapeutic benefits in patients after AMI.


Aiming at improving the switchgear's appearance quality and electric security,reducing the cost of manufacture,the switchgear's framework,making form,sheet metal processing,mechanical manufacture technology and electrical performance were analyzed and practiced.It was realized that the method reduced the production cost,improved the surface quality and electrical security of switchgear.The analysis results indicate that there are very significant impact on the cost of manufacture,product performance and quality.


e13001 Background: Jinlong capsules is a kind of traditional compound Chinese medicine, of which the mechanism of action is complex. This study was conducted to explore its inhibition effect on glioblastoma and the mechanisms, combing genomics, system biology and network pharmacology methods. Methods: The glioblastoma in situ nude mice models with red flurescence protein marked were established and administrated with vehicle, Jinlong capsules (0.75 g·kg-1, 1.5 g·kg-1), and temozolomide capsule (0.096 g·kg-1) respectively. Tumor size and weight were monitored in real time. 28 days later, mice were killed and the intracranial tumors were weighed, with the gene expression profiles detected. The genome results were analysed by system biology and network pharmacology methods. Firstly, differentially expressed genes were identified. Then, these differentially expressed genes were subjected to interactome analysis, generating a set of topologically significant genes. Next, concurrent pathway enrichment analysis ...


Objective To approach allergen-specific antibody detection method and diagnosis standard that suit Chinese northeast area,and clinical significance. Methods We searched for every reaction condition of Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA), by which we detected antigen-specific antibodies. According to the definited most suitable reaction conditions, we detected the antigen-specific antibodies in serum of 58 patients with bronchial asthma and 47 normal control subjects in Chinese northeast area. Results According to the definited most suitable reaction conditions, using OD≥1.5 times of the average OD of normal control subjects as positive standard, we found that the positive ratio of specific antibodies of four antigens, including artemisia family pollen, spring pollen, fresh water fish and garlic, were higher in asthmatic patients than in control(P0.05). Conclusion we can detect allergens in asthmatic patients by above improved ELISA and positive standard in Chinese northeast area.


A new broadband 1/spl times/N fibre coupler has been developed which employs diffractive optical elements (DOEs). The fibre coupler consists of an input fibre collimator, two aspherical lenses, a specially designed DOE and arrayed output fibres. The demonstrated 1/spl times/8 fibre coupler has a low polarisation dependent loss of /spl les/0.05 dB an excess loss of /spl les/2.4 dB, and good uniformity of /spl plusmn/0.25 dB over a broad wavelength range of 1510-1570 nm.


In this work, in order to assist designer in colour planning during product development, an efficient synthesised evaluation model is presented to evaluate colour-combination schemes of multi-working modes products MMP. A novel bacterial colony foraging BCF algorithm is proposed to search for the optimal colour-combination schemes of MMP based on the evaluation model. The proposed BCF extend original bacterial foraging algorithm to adaptive and cooperative mode by combining bacterial chemotaxis, cell-to-cell communication, and a self-adaptive foraging strategy. The experiment presents an exhaustive comparison of the proposed BCF and two successful bio-inspired search techniques, namely the genetic algorithm GA and particle swarm optimisation PSO, on three MMP tested cases of different nature, namely a hair-drier with two-coloured areas and two working modes, and two arm-type aerial work platforms both two-coloured products while with two and three working modes, respectively. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed method is feasible and efficient.


Introduction: The Sheehan total knee endoprosthesis has been widely used since 1971. It incorporates a semi-constrained hinge with intramedullary stems cemented into the femur and tibia for fixation. This gives a stable polycentric knee mechanism that allows axial rotation as well as simulating other knee movements. This design has certain disadvantages including the large amount of bone resected for implantation and its constrained nature which predisposes to loosening. Revision rate of up to 30% have been reported. We discuss the difficulties encountered during revision and the techniques that need to be used to overcome these. Patients and methods: We reviewed the records of 21 patients who required revision of Sheehan TKRs between 1987 and 2001. Reason for revision was recorded and all patients were scored using the Knee Society Index of Severity Instrument (Saleh et al CORR 2001). The operative details were examined and technical difficulties at the time of surgery recorded. Per-operative and early post-operative complications related to the revision procedure were also noted. Results: The average age of patients requiring revision was 65 years old (range 39–79). The average time from primary surgery to revision was 16.2 years (range 8–20 years). The reasons for primary surgery were rheumatoid arthritis in 9 and osteoarthritis in 12. Revision surgery was required for pain associated with tibial subsidence and painful bone on bone contact in 14.Two patients had dislocation of their tibial on femoral component. One patient had a one-stage revision for infection and one had revision for a fractures tibial intramedullary stem. Three patients had revision to anterior flanged femoral components to facilitate patellar resurfacing for patello-femoral pain. The overall complication rate approached 80%! Discussion: While the Sheehan TKR was of great benefit to a large number of patients it is not without its problems. These results show that prostheses coming to revision did not necessarily fail early and so with time we can expect more to present for revision. The high complication rate and the need for complex reconstructive techniques attest to the difficulty of revising these prostheses. Some of these problems are the legacy of the prosthetic design and should be borne in mind when taking on these cases.


Empathy, honesty, and integrity are essential concepts to ensure the quality of the therapy relationship and the client's trust in the therapist. This chapter situates these concepts in relation to the necessary and sufficient conditions for therapy proposed by Carl Rogers in the late 1950s, and particularly in relation to the therapist attitudes of empathic understanding, unconditional positive regard, and congruence. In person-centered therapy (PCT), empathy is a moral, not instrumental, practice that nondirectively protects the self-determination of the client. It exemplifies power with others, avoiding power over others, and facilitating power from within, by providing a conduit for non-possessive love, the active ingredient in PCT. Honesty in PCT involves the sincerity of the therapist's unconditional empathy and the transparence to be a full person in relation to a client. Integrity refers not only to the disciplined moral practice of empathy, but an extensional, fully functioning maturation.


The article deals with the relationship between confessions, between them and other social forces, the state. Opportunities are also being considered for dialogue and cooperation on a variety of issues, such as human rights, upbringing and education (particularly religious).
Examples of the dialogue of leaders of churches of various Christian denominations are given — a meeting in Cuba in February 2016, the relevant documents developed at the World Russian People's Councils.
It is shown that interfaith dialogue and cooperation is likely on such issues as, for example, the attitude to the situation in various regions of the world and possible participation in its resolution, human rights, religious education and education, etc.
The article notes that with the apparent absence of interfaith differences, with the intervention of radical forces and, especially, politics, the risk of ideological confrontation and open clashes remains, posing a threat to the cultural and national security of the country.


The paper considers air recirculation as an event to improve energy efficiency and reduce greenhouse gas emissions by reducing the power consumption of the main ventilation fan. The results are presented based on calculations of the required amount of air and modeling of air distribution in the ventilation network of the mine in the AeroSet software package. The methodology of determining the quantitative volume of greenhouse gas emissions, followed by comparison and analysis of the data obtained, has been studied.


The Processing-in-Memory (PIM) paradigm promises to accelerate data processing by pushing down computation to memory, reducing the amount of data transfer between memory and CPU, and – in this way – relieving the CPU from processing. Particularly, in in-memory databases memory access becomes a performance bottleneck. Thus, PIM seems to offer an interesting solution for database processing. In this work, we investigate how commercially available PIM technology can be leveraged to accelerate query processing by offloading (parts of) query operators to memory. Furthermore, we show how to address the problem of limited PIM storage capacity by interleaving transfer and computation and present a cost model for the data placement problem.


The aim of this article is to evaluate the potential of optical and multi-polarization SAR images for soybean yield estimation by their assimilations into a simple agro-meteorological model. Satellite and ground data were acquired over two sites during the MCM'10 experiment. Optical and radar images were provided by Formosat-2, Spot-4, Spot-5 and Radarsat-2 satellites during the whole vegetation cycle of soybean. Results show that the assimilation of optical or SAR offer similar performances for the estimation of crop parameters (i.e. LAI and dry biomass) and crop yield (rRMSE = 18% in the worst case). Concerning SAR data, results highlighted the interest of using backscattering coefficients acquired at VV polarization (rRMSE = 2%).


Accurate motion compensated image reconstruction of freely moving small animals requires the exact calculation of the time-weighted sensitivity correction factors. Back-projection of all possible lines of response for every recorded pose is a computationally intensive task, which requires impractically long reconstruction times. In this work we investigated an approach to accelerate this task, by randomly sampling the lines of response and the poses that are used to calculate the time-averaged sensitivity image. Two phantom datasets, acquired on the microPET Focus220 scanner, were used to quantify errors introduced in the randomly sampled sensitivity images and propagated to the final reconstructed images. In addition, the qualitative performance of the proposed methodology was assessed by reconstructing a freely moving rat acquisition. Results showed that randomisation can severely amplify the noise in the reconstructed images, especially when few LORs are sampled. However, such errors can be suppressed by post-filtering the randomised sensitivity images prior to reconstruction (e.g. 2 mm FHWM). Such an approach can substantially reduce the computational time involved during the estimation of the time-averaged sensitivity image for motion compensated image reconstruction.


With tales that date as far back as the ninth century,  One Thousand Nights and a Night  is one of the earliest seminal texts to first expose the West to Eastern life and culture. Following their translation, their extensive influence upon eighteenth century French and British travel literature and nineteenth century European and American literature, became an established fact. However, this has hardly been the case among the Arab literary tradition, where the tales have been initially neglected in both their oral and written forms. This paper traces the reception and impact of  The Nights  on European narrative, poetic, and dramatic productions even before transaltion to highlight its significance as a cultural median and, in the process, elaborates upon its Arab neglect. Such an exposition serves to subvert the claim that the texts translation was an act of exploitation by the west. Indeed, its early impact upon the literature and imagination of the West indicates a reception that precedes and runs parallel to the West's material and politically oriented imperial influence.


In Indonesia, Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) has become one of the important tool in survey mapping, especially for cadastral purposes like land registration by using Real Time Kinematic (RTK) GNSS positioning method. The conventional RTK GNSS positioning method ensure high accuracy GNSS position solution (within several centimeters) for baseline less than 20 kilometers. The problems of resolving high accuracy position for a greater distance (more than 50 kilometers) becomes greater challenge. In longer baseline, atmospheric delays is a critical factor that influenced the positioning accuracy. In order to reduce the error, a modified LAMBDA ambiguity resolution, atmospheric correction and modified kalman filter were used in this research. Thus, this research aims to investigate the accuracy of estimated position and area in respect with short baseline RTK and differential GNSS position solution by using NAVCOM SF-3040. The results indicate that the long-range single baseline RTK accuracy vary from several centimeters to decimeters due to unresolved biases.


Cationic dyeing of PorelTMknitted fabric is carried out with a series of Astrazon dyes. The effects of pH value,dyeing time and dye dosage on color yield,K / S value and dye adsorption are studied. The results show that the optimum dyeing process is pH value of dye bath of 4 and equilibrium adsorption time about 60 min. The K / S value of the dyeings and dye dosage should be controlled below 24 and 2. 0% respectively. The dyeings feature good washing fastness and excellent rubbing fastness.


Thresholding is a simple and efficient technique for image segmentation in digital image processing.It finds wide applications in various areas.The thresholding algorithm based on entropy is one of the most famous methods.The two-dimensional Tsallis -Havrda-Charvat entropic thresholding algorithm has a good performance,but due to its large computation,it is hard to be used in reality. In this paper,two fast recurring two-dimensional Tsallis-Havrda-Charvat entropic thresholding algorithms,whose computational complexities are both only O(L~2 ),are proposed,while the computational complexity of the original algorithm is O(L~4 ).Using these two recurring algorithms,the results and processing time of the two-dimensional Tsallis-Havrda-Charvat entropic thresholding algorithm are given.Experimental results show that these two recurring algorithms can both greatly reduce the processing time of images,which is less than 0.1%of the original algorithm.


Thomas and colleagues reported breathing training leading to improvements in asthma-specific health status and other patient-centred measures.1 These included Asthma Quality of Life Questionnaire (AQLQ) scores, Hospital Anxiety and Depression (HAD) anxiety, HAD depression, Nijmegen scores and Asthma Control Questionnaire (ACQ) scores. The significant improvement in all the above stated scores except the last one at 6 months …


Motivation is l ike being "born again." lt is mind expanding and uplift ing. But the comparison doesn't end there. Like religion, much has been done in its name that has clouded its essence; it is sti l l something one feels and learns from personal experiences and testimony. For this reason this paper is entit led "Personal Reflections and Lessons." The narrative begins by discussing how some youngsters were led to read from a diff icult book in a way which was uplift ing to this teacher and which might serve as a model for similar lessons. The paperthen summarizes a great deal of information about motivation and reading by raising and attempting to answer a few pivotal questions which are frequently asked, and some which should be. Finally, based on the insights revealed by these questions, some personal views on what this writer believes to be the most workable means for heightening motivation are outl ined.


Objective To evaluate the clinical application of OPA-K straight wire appliance. Methods Fifteen patients(Angle Ⅰ: 8 cases; Ⅱ: 5; and Ⅲ: 2) with malocclusion were treated by OPA-K straight wire appliance in orthodontic clinics. The outcomes were observed, and the characteristics of OPA-K straight wire appliance were analyzed. Results Satisfactory effects were obtained in all patients. The correction time was 10-20 months(average 15.8 months); space closure time was 6-13 months(average 7.5 months). Conclusion A OPA-K straight wire appliance can be used for various malocclusion. It uses a light sliding method to move the teeth, and controls anchorage effectively and simplifies the wire procedure.


The impact of Ga and Au ion implantation on the electron spin dynamics in bulk wurtzite GaN is studied by time‐resolved Kerr‐rotation spectroscopy. The spin relaxation time increases strongly by up to a factor of 20 for increasing implantation doses. This drastic increase is caused by a transition from delocalized to localized electrons. We find a characteristic change in the magnetic field dependence of spin relaxation that can be used as a sensitive probe for the degree of localization.


Several formulations have been developed solving 3D eddy current problems by the Finite element method based on vector quantities. Scalars, involving only one unknown per node of the mesh seem to be, however, more efficient. A particular scalar potential formulation has already been developed which is able to handle 3D magnetostatics,. This technique has been extended for cases involving eddy currents developed at low frequencies, where the skin effect can be neglected.


This Repository Information System is an idea that appears to help agencies manage thesis archiving that was previously still done conventionally by collecting the results of thesis binding (hardcopy) and CD containing the sis files along with the source code of the program that was made (softcopy) into a digital system new and modern. Repository Information System is a system that is expected to help the School of Information and Computer Management (STMIK) Shaykh Zainuddin NW Anjani to organize the archiving of thesis data that has been done by students to be neater, safer and easier to manage. The repository information system was developed using the waterfall software development process model and object oriented analysis modeling, then implemented using the Codeigniter programming language, one of the PHP frameworks. The result of this study is a website-based the sis repository system that can archive student thesis data and can also be used to search and display existing the sis data through the admin or user interface in this case students.


This paper presents a new methodology to automate the analysis of data provided by digital fault recorders (DFRs) installed in power generation plants. Due to the advance of data processing and communication capa- bilities of such devices, a large amount of information gen- erated by DFRs is concentrated in the utility's head office and has to be verified by an expert in this task. The pro- posed scheme aims to facilitate the process of analyzing such data, guiding the engineer to prioritize the most important cases. In the actual stage, the developed system uses phaso- rial recording from DFRs and the sequence of events (SOE) data from the supervisory system in order to identify irrele- vant oscilographic records, which would not need further in- vestigation. The module, based on expert systems, has been developed with collaboration of a power generation utility and a DFR manufacturer. The approach is validated using data generated during real occurrences.


By combining a number of characteristics of spatial proximity and recent daily travel distance data in an econometric model we can gain understanding on the additional traffic volume that will be generated by developing a new housing unit, dependent on the location. We apply this method on the study area of Flanders (Belgium). Model results are represented in a map that can be used in urban and regional planning practice. R2 = 0.143 coefficient p-value (constant) 1.502 0.000 POPD1 -3.99 . 10 -5 0.000 DIV1 -0.278 0.001 SPROX1 0.004 0.000 AGE0-19 0.847 0.000 AGE20-39 1.066 0.000 AGE40-59 0.969 0.000 AGE60-79 0.624 0.000 GND -0.245 0.000 EDU 0.173 0.000 INC 0.111 0.000 Introduction Previous research shows that in regional studies (which go beyond the urban scale), the daily distance travelled per person is a good approximation of sustainability of travel behaviour. The aim of this research is the development of a model for the study area of Flanders, based on spatial characteristics, indicating how much mobility (expressed in daily travel distance per person) the location of an additional housing unit in a certain area would generate. We do this using data from the third phase of the Travel Used variables The daily kilometrage per respondent is used as the dependent variable in the regression analysis. A total of six different explanatory variables are selected, each of which can be considered as a measure for mutual spatial proximity between potential destinations. These variables are: accessibility (ACC), residential population density (POPD), spatial diversity (DIV), job density (JOBD), minimum commuting distance (MCD) and the proximity of facilities (SPROX). The applied control variables are: education level (EDU), income level (INC), age (AGE) and gender (GND). To avoid biased results by the influence of geographical scale at which the data are aggregated, each variable was calculated at three different levels of aggregation. To this end, the residential location of each respondent is used as the centre of three circles with radii (r) equal to 1 km, 4 km and 8 km. Within these circles data is aggregated on the basis of proportional overlap with the original zones for which the variables were calculated (wards, traffic analysis zones or a one-square-kilometre grid). Model Basic equation: Equation, trimmed based on non-significance of correlations: Behaviour Survey Flanders (Janssens et al., 2009) and a number of additional data sets containing spatial variables. Based on a regression equation, eventually for each ward a map is produced, indicating how much mobility is generated by dwellings in this location. As is expected from the literature in this field, the model will explain only a limited share of the expected variance, an aspect which should be taken into account in the interpretation. e γ γ γ γ γ γ γ β β β β β β α + ⋅ + ⋅ + ⋅ + ⋅ + ⋅ + ⋅ + ⋅ + ⋅ + ⋅ + ⋅ + ⋅ + ⋅ + ⋅ + =


Guizhou Province is a large province hosting a large amount of aluminum resources in China.However,there are many problems behind current prosperity of aluminum industry in Guizhou,including deficiency of bauxite resources,backward development of aluminum industry compared with other provinces without any support of bauxite resources.The study has found out why these kinds of problems occurred in Guizhou after analyzing the development and utilization of bauxite resources,and proposed how to guarantee sustainable utilization and how to set up ecological culture from the consideration of developing ecological mining industry and building up modern mining developing mode.


The complexity of the university student management has determined the diversity of the management mode.The student management mode of "People-oriented" is a new management.According to the university student management work's current situation,some constructive suggestions and measures to the student management mode of "People-oriented" are raised.


Stacked die BGA has recently gained popularity in telecommunication applications. However, its board level solder joint reliability during the thermal cycling test is not as well-studied as common single die BGA. In this paper, solder joint fatigue of lead-free stacked die BGA with mixed flip-chip (FC) and wirebond (WB) interconnect is analyzed in detail. 3D fatigue model is established for stacked die BGA with considerations of detailed pad design, realistic shape of solder ball, and non-linear material properties. The fatigue model applied is based on a modified Darveaux's approach with non-linear viscoplastic analysis of solder joints. The critical solder ball is observed located between the top and bottom dice corner, and failure interface is along the top solder/pad interface. The modeling predicted fatigue life is first correlated to the thermal cycling test results using modified correlation constants, curve-fitted from in-house lead-free TFBGA46 (thin-profile fine-pitch BGA) thermal cycling test data. Subsequently, design analyses are performed to study the effects of 20 key design variations in package dimensions, material properties, and thermal cycling test conditions. In general, thinner PCB and mold compound, thicker substrate, larger top or bottom dice sizes, thicker top die, higher solder ball standoff, larger solder mask opening, smaller PCB pad size, smaller thermal cycling temperature range, longer ramp time, and shorter dwell time contribute to longer fatigue life. SnAgCu is a common lead-free solder, and it has much better board level reliability performance than eutectic solder.


Summary Two series of 6-substituted benzimidazo[1,2-c]quinazolines (Ia—p and IIa—1) have been synthesized and characterized. The compounds were evaluated for their bronchodilator activity, in vitro and in vivo. All the test compounds exhibited good activity both in vivo and in vitro methods. The structure-activity relationships based on the results obtained for these series have also been studied. In the 6-alkyl substituted compounds II, a longer alkyl chain and a 4-substitution by an electron-withdrawing group in compounds I, showed more activity. The presence of halogens altered the biological activity in both series. Among the compounds tested, 10-iodo-6-(n-propyl)-benzimidazol[1,2-c]quinazoline (II) was found to be the most potent (% protection = 75%; relative activity = 1.1).


Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to investigate profiles of employee well-being using multiple components to better understand how well-being is experienced in organizations.

Design/methodology/approach
A survey design with 579 health care workers in the USA was administered. Latent profile analysis (LPA) was used to identify well-being profile groups.

Findings
Six well-being profile groups based on the relative levels of work stress, carry-over stress and job satisfaction were identified. Profile groups differed with respect to intention to remain in the organization and occupation, and job search behavior.

Practical implications
Models of well-being at work have generated consistently disappointing results that have not enhanced the development of programs to increase well-being at work. By identifying patterns of well-being, this study offers insights into how well-being is experienced so that more targeted programs to promote it can be implemented.

Originality/value
Although there is increased interest in the person-centered model in organizational research, it has not been applied to psychological well-being at work. This study represents an initial attempt to study configurations of well-being based on its components. Results indicate that distinct patterns of well-being are present, and those patterns are useful in gaining a greater understanding of how well-being is experienced and in how it can be more effectively managed.


Abstract The Sacramento perch, Archoplites interruptus (Girard), is a relict centrarchid, historically found west of the Rocky Mountains. Since 1960, this species has been introduced into waters east of the Rocky Mountains. Sacramento perch are euryhaline and adaptable to inland mineral waters whose high salt content precludes the establishment of other game fishes. The species has survived and reproduced in chloride-sulfate waters with salinities near 17,000 ppm. Survival of Sacramento perch has not been recorded in sodium-potassium carbonate waters exceeding 800 ppm in total alkalinity. Recent introductions have been made in Arizona, Colorado, Nebraska, New Mexico, Soath Dakota, and Texas. The annual growth rate of Sacramento perch is good in the larger alkaline and saline lakes where interspecific competition is limited to a few species. Natural propagation is not difficult and can be obtained in small rearing ponds. Aside from releases into mineral waters devoid of game fishes and hatchery pond propag...


Ring opening of the pentafulvene-derived bicyclic hydrazines (I), (V), and (VII) with phenols (II) and active methylene compounds (VII) furnishes the disubstituted alkylidenecyclopentenes (III), (VI), and (VIII), resp., in satisfactory to very good yields.


The present invention relates to administering a composition that blocks the activity of IL-1 cytokine and / or IL-17 cytokine to a subject having or at risk of being exposed to such damage. Methods and compositions for minimizing, preventing or treating damage to corneal nerves are provided.


A high speed successive approximation (SAR) ADC requires reference voltage buffers with high driving capability. Moreover, the power consumption of the reference buffers is usually several times larger than that of the SAR ADC itself. Three techniques are adopted to mitigate the requirement on driving capability of reference voltage buffers for SAR ADCs. A 10b 50MS/s ADC based on the proposed techniques is presented. The prototype ADC was fabricated in 40nm LP 1P7M CMOS technology. It consumes 0.47 mW at 50 MS/s from 1.1V supply voltage and achieves ENOB of 9.18-bit and figure of merit (FoM) of 16 fJ/conversion-step. The active area is 0.0114 mm2.


Among individuals of Mediterranean or Middle Eastern descent, the IVS‐I‐6 (T→C) mutation is one of the most common causes of β‐thalassemia. In this report, we describe the clinical phenotypes of a group of β‐thalassemia patients who are compound heterozygotes for the relatively mild IVS‐I‐6 (T→C) β‐thalassemia mutation and more severe β+‐ or β°‐thalassemia mutations. Although most of these patients are transfusion‐dependent, the requirement for regular transfusions generally occurred late in childhood. A correlation between concomitant α‐thalassemia and a mild transfusion‐independent phenotype is not apparent, indicating the involvement of other ameliorating determinants.


This paper examines the convergence of nearest-neighbor random walks on convex subsets of the lattice Z d. The main result shows that for xed d, O(2) steps are suucient for a walk to "get random", where is the diameter of the set. Toward this end a a new deenition of convexity is introduced for subsets of lattices, which has many important properties of the concept of convexity in Euclidean spaces.


We present evidence that the phenomenon of inversion recently discovered in a one‐band model [L. C. Lew Yan Voon and M. Willatzen, J. Appl. Phys. 93, 9997 (2003)] is much more general and is present in both multiband theories and in the excited states. A critical radius of around 15 A (7 A) is obtained for holes in InGaAs/InP (GaAs/AlAs) modulated nanowires.