The concept of riches and honours in "The Analects of Confucius" is the component of Confucius' benevolence doctrine,a conception taking man as the essentials.It makes sure that riches and honours are based on "man's desire" of natural emotion,and meanwhile "morality,benevolence,belief"principle must be persisted while pursuing riches and nonours.Riches and honours com be categorized as riches and honours of both man of virtue and man of lower social status.Riches and honours are not the final goal of man,but should be "riches and honours,and then learning".This supplies a norm for a man to be a perfect man of virtue and to be fully moralized spiritually.


The fast wavelet transform for images developed by Mallat is a useful and powerful tool for image processing, with its main applications being compression, feature extraction and image enhancement. In particular, since this algorithm segments an image with respect to both spatial frequency and orientation, image enhancement becomes more precise and efficient. This idea is demonstrated by the removal of background noise and flaws from two digitized images of the faint galaxy VV371c. This object was first studied in the early 1980's using older and less sophisticated computer technologies and image processing techniques. We present results of the wavelet based image analysis of VV371c which yield new conclusions as to this galaxy's structure and morphological classification.


Objectives: Globally, cataract and glaucoma are the predominant causes of blindness. Screening glaucoma in patients referred for cataract surgery is a convenient tool for detecting glaucoma cases in rural population. The COVID period has adversely affected eye care as the routine screening and follow-ups at hospital were substantially reduced owing to pandemic restrictions. We aim to study the impact of COVID on detection of glaucoma in patients with cataract.
Methods: It was a retrospective study conducted to compare the prevalence of glaucoma in rural patients presenting with cataract pre- and post- COVID. Details of 975 consecutive patients each were taken prior to March 2020 (pre-COVID) and after October 2021 (post-COVID) from hospital database and patient case files.
Results: The prevalence of glaucoma was higher during the pre-COVID time (3.8%) as compared to pre-COVID (3.8%), but the result was not statistically significant. In both the groups, primary open-angle glaucoma was the pre-dominant form of glaucoma, with prevalence being 1.5% and 2.2% in the pre-COVID and post-COVID groups, respectively. The mean intraocular pressure and mean VCDR values were higher in the post-COVID group as compared to the pre-COVID group, and the result was statistically significant.
Conclusion: This was the first study to compare the prevalence of glaucoma in patients with cataract in rural population in the pre-COVID and post- COVID periods. In the aftermath of the pandemic, the present study emphasizes the role of screening and follow-ups in glaucoma management to prevent irreversible loss of vision.


TPS635Background: Combination chemotherapy (CTx) is the mainstay of treatment for patients with advanced high-grade gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine carcinoma (GEPNECs) and large cell neuroend...


In North America we have particularly witnessed revolutionary advances in the management of myeloproliferative disorders (ie the leukemias), continued refinements in the management of certain metabolic disorders (ie diabetes) and successful treatment of organ failure by transplantation. Increased survial rates however have been accompanied by the patients who are either inherently or iatrogenically immunocompromised. Although distinctly different disease entities may be involved, all immunocompromised patients share a common final pathway ; that being the development of grave and life-threatening complications in clinical situations which would have been easily treated in patients with a normal immune system. Sinusitis is not generally thought to be a serious condition but in an immunocompromised host it may ultimately prove lethal as the characteristic findings of purulent rhinorrhea, percussion tenderness, facial pain and edema are subtle or entirely absent. As a result, in this patient population, disease may spread insidiously until a fulminant picture with necrosis and infarction of the mid face, orbital contents and the cavernous sinus has occurred. Early recognition and aggressive treatment is therefore imperative if the patient is to survive. Sinusitis in the Immunocompromised Host : Practical Considerations Sinusitis in both its acute and chronic forms is ubiqutitous and a common global disorder. Fortunately with the recent development of more efficacious antimicrobials and topical steroids and with the introduction of surgical techniques such as functional endoscopic sinus surgery (FESS) to our conventional surgical armamentarium, we have continued to further minimize the morbidity once experienced. In general, rarely does sinusitis ever prove lifethreatening. Not withstanding, in a small subset of patients however who demonstrate varying degrees of immunosuppression it may actually prove lethal by comparison. In this regard although distinctly different disease entities


This study was conducted to investigate the interactions of mothers and 30-42 months old children living in large and nuclear family types in the context of maternal sensitivity. In this study, one of the qualitative research methods, embedded multi-case research was used. The participants of the study consisted of 8 mothers living in 4 large-4 nuclear family types and their children aged 30-42 months in the town of Mus. Descriptive-interpretive data analysis was used to describe the interactions of the studied group in depth by using natural and structured observation, mother-child information form and mother-child observation form. It was observed that children send their messages verbally, mothers' reactions are mostly positive in the extended family, mostly in the negative nuclear family, and mothers of both family types exhibit very limited behaviors in showing and sharing their feelings, showing cooperation and coordination behaviors, physical contact and eye contact. It is thought that mothers who have moved from extended families to nuclear families have predominantly extended family behavior patterns in these respects.


ABSTRACT The effect of salt concentration on the processing and characteristics of turbot muscle was investigated in this study. The turbot muscle samples were salted with 1%, 5%, 10%, 15%, or 20% w/w salt at 4°C for 3 h. Low-field nuclear magnetic resonance was utilized to characterize water distribution and water holding capacity in the samples. Nuclear magnetic resonance transverse (T2) relaxation identified three water components (T21, T22, and T23) which all exhibited characteristics correlated with water holding capacity. Textural analysis indicated that hardness and elasticity increased with increasing salt concentration. Histological imaging showed that with the increase of salt concentration, the muscle fiber diameter and area increased first and then decreased. The porosity of salted samples was higher than that of fresh ones. It was shown that salting at lower salt concentrations would lead to partial degradation of the fibrin in the tissue samples and the swelling of proteins. In treated samples, 5% w/w salt was shown to produce the best results. This study provides theoretical basis for the development of salted turbot meat products.


Water is the first and foremost requirement for the survival of all the living creatures. Water is a metabolite, involved in metabolic reactions occurring in the bodies of living beings. Water aids in respiration. In plants, water aids in Photosynthesis. In this way, it is necessary for the continued survival of both plants and animals. Water-based organisms such as fish require water to breathe, as these directly breathe the oxygen dissolved in water. Water also helps to insulate the living environment for these organisms. When the body of water is deep enough, the water keeps fish warm during the winter months, even when ice forms on the surface of the water [1].


Most of the investigators who have had occasion to use estrous rabbits have selected animals which have been isolated for 30 days (or more), or which present a large, purple vagina upon examination. It is implied that all such rabbits are actually in estrus. However, no investigator who has used such criteria has ever presented any data to establish their reliability. On the contrary, there is evidence by Hammond and Marshall (1) that estrus does not occur with regularity in isolated animals, and that the vaginal color is no guide as to the presence of heat. Over a period of several years the experience of this laboratory has fully confirmed Hammond and Marshall in every particular, despite the fact that the two colonies of animals are maintained under very different conditions. Nevertheless, there appeared to be little justification for the publication of our data until the use of these unsatisfactory criteria became so general. This report is now presented to emphasize the errors in the current practice...


626Background: The IMDC risk score is a valid and simple tool to prognosticate patients (pts) with metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC). Some non-VHL common genomic alterations may be associated with outcomes. We therefore assessed the prognostic value of most commonly mutated genes in mRCC beside VHL overall, and within IMDC risk groups. Methods: We identified patients treated at Dana-Farber Cancer Institute (n = 65) or part of TCGA (n = 33) who had genomic data available and were treated with first line vascular endothelial growth factor tyrosine kinase inhibitors. Information on genomic alterations (GA) focused on PBRM1, BAP1, SETD2, KDM5C and TP53 was extracted. Cox regression was performed to assess the association of each GA with overall survival (OS), adjusting for IMDC risk groups and age. Results: Overall, 98 pts were identified. 96/98 pts had clear-cell histology. Pts distribution by IMDC risk groups was: 7% good, 58% intermediate, 27% poor and 8% unknown. Mutation rates were 27% PBRM1, 17% BA...


The study is aimed at identifying the range of problems caused by the implementation of the state social function, as well as detecting ways to solve them. In modern society, the state's implementation of a social function is gaining importance in connection with increasing social tension and the strengthening of the role of the state in solving social problems against this background. Most of them are caused by economic difficulties, since the state can realize social rights and guarantees mainly due to material support, and, for the most part, the society is not ready for the functions that are assigned to it by the modern social state: active position, participation in charity, assistance in the implementation of social functions by authorities. In this regard, it is necessary to determine the priority of the interests of society and the state, identify the main problems that arise in the implementation of the idea of a social state and determine ways to solve them. In this article, the authors consider forms of implementing the social function of the state at the state and non-state levels. Particular attention is paid to the municipal level of organization of the social function as the closest to the population, as well as the activities of trade union organizations. A significant contribution to the formation and development of the idea of the state's implementation of a social function, in particular, was made by the scientist G. Becker. Other authors mentioned in the article also point to the most common problems in the process of implementing the social function of the state at all levels.


IN A WELL-DEFINED and structured discipline such as the natural sciences, there is a strong temptation to take the subject matter as a starting point for curriculum development. Whenever that happens, it becomes difficult to "problematize" the school subject content; it is much more likely that it Will be taken for granted. In such cases, the meaning that students are offered by their school subjectswhat I Will ca11 the educational content of school subjects-is always at risk of being dominated by a narrow view of the socialization function of education. This situation unquestionably is linked to the fact that the moral and philosophical aspects of education and socialization have been neglected. To explain the neglect, much has been written about the dominance of scientific-technical rationality in educational thinking during the twentieth century and the consequent adjustment of educational research and teaching to the demands of this rationality (cf. Englund, 1986). One of the casualties of educational research so construed is that the content of education usually is not problematized very well.' Problematizing school subject content is a moral and philosophical endeavor that cannot be addressed by scientific-technical rationality. The central questions of philosophical inquiry in education are about the worih of knowledge and meaning offered to students. Scientific-technical questions about efficiency and effectiveness are quite different questions-indeed they are derived from the central questions of education-yet efficiency and effectiveness questions tend to be more prevalent than philosophical inquiry, on the educational research agendas of many countries. Sweden has been no exception, yet there has been a substantial renaissance in recent years of educational research with a philosophical purpose. Because it occurred in a relatively well-defined time period, this rekindled interest in a moral


The effects of mercaptoacetic acid, dithiodiacetic acid, Na/sub 2/SO/sub 3/, thiourea, L-cystein, and benzoic acid on x-rayinduced oxidation of Fe/sup 2+/ ions was investigated. The substances, except for L-cystein and benzoic acid, decreased the value of G(Fe/sup 3+/) as a function of their concentration. From these results it was concluded that the free radicals formed from the substances of redox potential smaller than 0.9 V by the effect of OH and HO/sub 2/ radicals can not oxidize the Fe/sup 2+/ ions, and therefore their effect is protective. (auth)


Introduction.  Intractable pain in the affected arm is a common sequel to severe traction lesions of the brachial plexus. Its management presents a challenge. Existing interventional therapies are not effective for the intractable pain from brachial plexus traction lesions, in the long term. Spinal cord stimulation is indicated for the relief of pain following peripheral nerve injury, but has its limitations and, in the UK, is restricted only to specialized centers. Peripheral neuromodulation is widely practiced noninvasively as transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation and more recently, both as external neuromodulation and, invasively, using a surgical procedure with restricted indications.


One significant challenge in nonlinear system identification developed for industrial processes is that the modeling samples often contain outliers and noise. In this work, a novel general identification method, Correntropy Kernel Learning (CKL), is proposed for the identification of nonlinear systems with outliers and noise. Unlike the traditional mean squared error criterion adopted by almost all the existing identification methods, correntropy is introduced into the field of nonlinear system identification. A new correntropy-based index is proposed to evaluate the performance of identification models for nonlinear systems with outliers and noise. The CKL identification method can reduce the effects of outliers by the use of a robust nonlinear estimator that maximizes correntropy. Without resorting to unnecessary efforts, the outlier samples can be simultaneously detected once the CKL identification model is obtained. Moreover, an efficient two-level training procedure is proposed to implement the CKL m...


The recent reports of Sarkany, Taplin, and H. Blank stated that the most common site of erythrasma was between the toes in otherwise normal subjects (25 of 109 persons examined). These authors felt that erythrasma was the cause of some unexplained cases of scaling and fissuring of the toewebs not attributable to fungi. The present study was undertaken at the Student Health Service of The University of Chicago to note the incidence of erythrasma of the toewebs in a normal student population. Method The feet of 371 subjects were examined by means of a Wood's light. From those that showed orange to coral red fluorescence, scrapings were taken for mycologic and aerobic bacterial cultures and for KOH preparations. Material was also placed on the special medium described by Sarkany et al. 1-3 The medium for fungal culture consisted of Sabouraud's dextrose agar without antibiotics. The sterile special medium used was


Findings This study analyzed the impacts on motor vehicle observed speeds following a residential speed limit reduction from 40.23 km/hr (25 mi/hr) to 32.19 km/hr (20 mi/hr) in Portland, OR that was accompanied by a public awareness and signage campaign. The study used before and after observations of vehicle speeds collected by pneumatic tube traffic counters. Overall, the analysis suggests that the reduction of posted speed limits to 32.19 km/h (20 mi/h) has resulted in lower observed vehicle speeds and fewer vehicles traveling at higher speeds. The reduction in the percentage of vehicles traveling above 48.28 km/h (30 mi/h) (-1.7%) and 56.33 km/h (35 mi/h) (-0.5%) are larger in magnitude than other speed metrics.


grew in importance after the December 1990 draft calling for political reforms. Kéchichian suggests that even if the very idea of supplication emerged within Islam, it also carried a political message through the linkages it made between divine supplications and the earthly task of securing sustenance. As a consequence, some believers came to understand the secular meanings of supplication in terms of requests to their governors (pp. 161–62). The sixth and final chapter is dedicated to the American view of the legal and religious reforms carried out in Saudi Arabia after 2005. It also discusses other key areas of contention in Saudi–U.S. relations such as scientific education, sociopolitical dialogues, elections, and women's emancipation. One of the chapter's more revealing passages includes Kéchichian's discussion of U.S. security ties with Saudi Arabia. The author notes that after 9/11, U.S. policymakers were much less inclined than before to concentrate on alleviating the severe socioeconomic problems that confronted the kingdom, such as "rising unemployment and poverty in a context of galloping population growth, assuming that they were far less important than the urgent threat of extremism" (pp. 203–4). The focus on security and stability in relations with Saudi Arabia has continued under the Obama administration, evidenced by the U.S. government's tepid reaction to the deployment of Saudi troops to Bahrain in March 2011 (p. 206) and its pursuit of arms deals directed against Saudi Arabia's hegemonic foe, Iran. Kéchichian's tremendously rich and well-researched study could have benefited from a tighter focus on the legal and political reforms in Saudi Arabia. This is a pity for a work of such magnitude, which aspires to fill an important gap in the literature. As Kéchichian rightly argues, few scholars, with the notable exception of Mansoor Jassem Alshamsi, Ibrahim Ibn Abdul Aziz al-Bishr, and Daryl Champion, have addressed the issue of legal and political reforms in Saudi Arabia in depth. Organizing the book around the analytical construct of "will to power"—to which the author alludes throughout the study but neither fully explains nor puts into context—would have provided much-needed structure and coherence to a complex subject such as legal and political reform in Saudi Arabia. In one of his previous articles, Kéchichian explains "will to power" as a "unique political framework with a clear ideological basis that, ultimately, legitimized Al Saud rule." The development "of a will to power . . . benefited from the family's strict adherence to Islamic values and, with oil wealth, transformed the desert into a modern country. This 'will to power' has evolved and adapted to changing circumstances." (Joseph A. Kéchichian, "Testing the Saudi Will to Power," Middle East Policy 6, no. 2 [2000], PDF, accessed 15 July 2013). King Abd Allah's reform efforts undertaken in response to the internal and external challenges to his rule as described by Kéchichian in this study, then, should be understood as the expressions of his firm ambition to retain power. The above-mentioned shortcomings notwithstanding, Kéchichian's book will prove tremendously valuable to anyone interested in the political and social evolution of Saudi Arabia.


The principal aim of this thesis was to improve our understanding of (neuro)cognitive processes involved in anger and a disposition towards anger (i.e., trait anger).

__Main conclusions__
Based on the results of the studies described in this thesis, several conclusions can be drawn.
First, it can be concluded that the Dutch version of the STAXI-2 is a reliable instrument to assist the clinical practitioner or researcher in measuring the experience, expression, and control of anger.
Second, trait anger seems to be related to deficits in cognitive control under both neutral and anger-inducing conditions, of which error-processing deficits seem to be most consistently related to trait anger. Reduced anger-primed inhibitory control in relation to trait anger, however, could not be consistently confirmed.
Finally, the studies described in this thesis showed that although angry rumination and mental fatigue seem to be accompanied by increased anger, these processes seem to have little effect on cognitive control.
Overall, the current thesis increased knowledge about the impact of neurocognitive processes in relation to trait anger. At the same time, this thesis highlights that more research is needed in order to explore the impact of neurocognitive processes on trait anger as well as their interrelations.


The nanosheet MOSFETs' architectures are considered to be the most promising candidates for the sub-3/5 nm technology node, owing to their strong immunity to short-channel effects (SCE). In these structures, quantum confinement effects are crucial, and full-band quantum transport simulations are adequate to capture these confinement effects accurately. Here, we assess the performance limit of ultra-scaled Si nanosheet n-MOSFETs through full-band quantum transport simulations. We consider five highly scaled Si nanosheets of different widths (< 3.5 nm) and different thicknesses (<1.5 nm), Also, we scale the gate length down to a few nanometers to study the limiting performance in ultra-scaled devices.


The widespread applications of the digital rights management (DRM) in China now are challenging its traditional fair use doctrine. This paper gives an analysis of the existing Chinese laws and regulations that could be applied to protect fair use from DRM, focusing on the Chinese Copyright Act (CCA), the Regulations on the Protection of the Right of Communication through the Information Network (RPRCIN), Chinese Contract Law Code (CCLC), Chinese Consumer Rights and Interests Protection Law (CCRIPL), Chinese Anti-unfair Competition Law (CACL), explaining their meaning and application, and emphasizing their limitations. Against this background, the paper seeks to explore the possible approach that China could adopt to protect fair use from DRM, highlighting the CCA should shift the anti-circumvention legislation paradigm and incorporate standard contract terms as well as other pro-consumer regulations.


We explore the interfacial instability that results when a Newtonian fluid (a glycerol-water mixture, inner fluid) displaces a viscoelastic fluid (a dense cornstarch suspension, outer fluid) in a radial Hele-Shaw cell. As the ratio of viscosities of the inner and outer fluids is increased, side branched interfacial patterns are replaced by more stable interfaces that display proportionate growth and finger coalescence. We correlate the average finger spacing with the most dominant wavelength of interfacial instability, computed using a mathematical model that accounts for viscous fingering in miscible Hele-Shaw displacements. The model predictions on the role of viscosity ratio on finger spacing are in close agreement with the experimental observations. Our study lends insight into the significant contribution of the viscoelasticity of the outer fluid on the morphology and growth of interfacial patterns.


Objective To evaluate the sensitivity,specificity,and accuracy of magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)in characterizing adnexal masses.Methods The databases such as the Cochrane Library,PubMed,EMbase,CNKI,and WanFang Data were searched on computer from 1991 to 2011.The reviewers screened the trials according to inclusion and exclusion criteria strictly,extracted the data,and assessed the methodology quality.Meta-analysis were performed using the Metadisc 1.40 software.The acquired pooled sensitivity,specificity,and summary receiver operating characteristic curve(SROC)were used to describe the diagnostic value.The pooled likelihood ratios were calculated based on the pooled sensitivity and specificity.Results Ten case-control studies involving 649 women who were suspected to have pelvic masses were included and 729 masses were confirmed by the postoperative histopathology.The pooled statistical results of meta-analysis showed that:the sensitivity and specificity of MRI were 〔89%(84%-92%),P=0.046 6〕and〔87%(83%-90%),P=0.000 2〕respectively,the positive and negative likelihood ratios of MRI were 6.25(P=0.008 5)and 0.14(P=0.029 1)respectively,and the area under the SROC curve(AUC)was 0.941.The sensitivity and specificity of ultrasound were〔87%(82%-91%),P=0.000 0〕and〔73%(69%-77%),P=0.000 0〕respectively,the positive and negative likelihood ratios of MRI were 3.07(P=0.000 0)and 0.18(P=0.000 1)respectively,and the AUC was 0.897.The specificity and accuracy of MRI in characterizing female pelvic masses were higher than ultrasound obviously.Conclusion According these evidences,the MRI should be recommended to the women who are suspected to have pelvic masses as a preferred.


In this paper we examine the enumeration of alternating trees. We give a bijective proof of the fact that the number of alternating unrooted trees with n vertices is given by (1/n2n?1) ?nk=1(nk)kn?1, a problem first posed by A. Postnikov (1997, J. Combin. Theory Ser. A79, 360?366). We also show that the number of alternating ordered trees with n vertices is 2(n?1)n?1.


An overview of the Centre for Accident Research and Road Safety - Queensland and its main areas of research.

Background to CARRS-Q

Established in 1996 as joint initiative of:

 - Queensland University of Technology

 - Queensland Motor Accident Insurance Commission

 - Based in the Faculty of Health

 - Our Vision is for:

 A safer world in which injury-related harm
is uncommon and unacceptable


Abstract: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of the incorporation of the smear layer on the degradation of resin-dentin bonds produced by a self-etching adhesive system. Flat dentin surfaces were produced from 24 molars and randomly assigned to three groups (n = 8) according to the treatment of the smear layer, no removal (G1), removal with phosphoric acid (G2) or EDTA (G3). After treating the smear layer, Clearfil SE Bond was applied on the surface followed by the built-up of a resin crown. The teeth were cut to produce specimens with a cross-sectional area of 1 mm 2 , which were stored in water for 24 hours or 24 months before being tested under tension. Bond strength data were analyzed by Student's t -tests and ANOVA complemented by Tukey at a preset level of significance of 5%. The highest bond strengths, for both periods of aging, were produced in G3. Significant reduction in bond strength was recorded for all groups, 21.6, 26.6 and 21.7% for G1, G2 and G3, respectively. In conclusion, although the removal of the smear layer with EDTA significantly improved the immediate bond strength, the incorporation of the smear layer did not adversely affect the biodegradation of resin-dentin bonds.


To the Editor: The comprehensive mapping of genomic copy-number variations (CNVs) should allow for those variants to be studied for their correlation with disease phenotypes. One line of evidence that was advanced to support potential implications of CNVs for human disease was the overlap of CNVs with chromosomal loci harboring genes known to very often cause well-characterized monogenic illnesses from the OMIM database. But a general concern arises from the list of CNVs that overlap rare disease genes reported in table 5 of the mapping study by Wong et al. For instance, the BSCL2 gene fell within a CNV region that had a frequency of 3 in 105 subjects. The gene was noted by the authors to be causative for spinal muscular atrophy, distal, type V (MIM 600794), and indeed two missense mutations in BSCL2 (MIM 606158.0013 and .0014) have been reported for that phenotype. However, 13 other missense mutations in that gene cause Berardinelli-Seip congenital generalized lipodystrophy (BSCL), an extremely rare autosomal recessive disorder affecting ∼1 person in 10 million. Thus, the observed frequency of ∼3% BSCL2-CNV heterozygotes seems high, given the low prevalence of BSCL as ascertained clinically in the general population. Conservative assumption of a BSCL2CNV frequency of 1% would predict a homozygote frequency of a major CNV rearrangement of this region of 1 person in 40,000, a frequency that is much higher than the observed prevalence of BSCL—or of any spinal muscular atrophy subtype, for that matter—in the general population. The same type of disparity between predicted and observed prevalence appears to hold true for several other genes causing very rare homozygous diseases that lie within CNV loci, including SMA3 (MIM 253400) and SMA4 (MIM 271150), which cause spinal muscular atrophy subtypes (CNVs seen in 60 of 105 samples), and GCK (MIM 138979), which causes neonatal-onset diabetes (CNVs seen in 10 of 105 samples). Obviously, CNVs include both duplications and deletions, and homozygosity for a duplication-type CNV would not necessarily imply the same pathogenic consequence as a deletion-type CNV for an OMIM gene. Thus, calculations of predicted disease frequency should be based on homozygosity for the subset of deletion-type CNVs. But, because deletions would still be expected to represent a sizable subset of CNVs for at least a sizable subset of OMIM genes, the predicted disease rate would still be much higher than the observed frequency of the autosomal recessive disease phenotype in the general population. There may be some valid biological reasons for the apparent disparities between the observed frequency of CNV heterozygotes and the reported frequencies of the related rare OMIM recessive diseases, including (1) inaccurate disease-frequency estimates in published reports that underestimate the actual frequency of the phenotype in the general population (perhaps subtle or later-onset forms of the phenotypes might be more prevalent in the general population than has been generally recognized), (2) incompatibility of homozygosity for certain completely deleted genes with fetal viability, (3) derivation of CNV-frequency estimates in nonrepresentative "normal control" samples, and (4) rescue of the lost or altered function in homozygotes for a CNV by another gene product. Alternatively, there may be systematic technical reasons for potential disparities leading to overestimation of some CNV frequencies. It would thus be important to validate those CNVs with use of alternative technologies, such as quantitative PCR, and to expand the samples of normal control subjects to determine whether homozygotes for those CNVs exist among "healthy" controls. In addition, studies within families, both healthy and diseased, might help to clarify the potential pathogenicity of some of these CNVs. The findings emphasize the fact that the excitement over the biological reality of CNVs within clinical and research samples should be tempered pending the development of standards and independent wide-scale replications, possibly with use of a variety of detection methods.


A major difficulty affecting the control of product quality in industrial polymerization reactors is the lack of suitable on-line polymer property measurements. In this article, a predictive model of polymer properties is deduced for industrial polyethylene process based on the kinetics of ethylene polymerization. According to the approximation error upper bound of the deduced predictive model, a method of design the suboptimal strong tracking filter is proposed to update the estimation of polymer properties based on the off-line lab analysis data. The application result of the proposed method to the industrial UNIPOL licensed linear low-density polyethylene process has verified its feasibility and effectiveness. With the proposed method, polymer properties of industrial polyethylene process can be on-line estimated and make it possible for achieving the advanced on-line product quality control.


Over the past few years, several monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) directed against lymphoid cells have been developed and investigated in preclinical studies and clinical trials. Some of them are highly active in leukemias. At present, the most important clinical value in the patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) has two MAbs. The first is the human mouse antibody, rituximab (IDEC C2B8, Rituxan, Mabthera), which targets CD20 antigen. The second is alemtuzumab (Campath‐1H), a humanized form of a rat antibody active against CD52. Recently, several new MAbs have been explored and have shown promise in treating CLL. Novel MAbs are being evaluated in preclinical studies and in early clinical trials. These treatments include new MAbs targeted CD20 molecule (ofatumumab, GA‐101), lumiliximab, epratuzumab, apolizumab, galiximab, and anti‐CD40 MAbs. Alemtuzumab is also a useful drug in previously treated and untreated patients with T‐cell prolymphocytic leukemia. Rituximab as well as anti‐CD22 and anti‐CD25 immunotoxins have been also investigated in refractory and/or relapsed hairy cell leukemia with high response rate. MAbs provided new opportunities for effective therapies of these disorders. Drug Dev Res 69:373–387, 2008. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.


In this paper, we study the Li stability of perturbation of constant states for 2 x 2 systems of conservation laws. We introduce a nonlinear functional which is equivalent to the Li norm of the difference between the constant state and the approximate solutions consisting of elementary waves and is non-increasing in time for the limiting weak solution. This yields the Li stability of the constant states. The approximate solutions are constructed with the aid of wave tracing for the random choice method. Our functional reveals the aspects of nonlinear wave behavior, particularly the coupling of waves pertaining to different characteristic families, which affects the Li norm of the solutions.


One kind of explosive plugging removable cover for piping, comprising sealing cover (1), the valve (10), lug (2) and the handle (3), wherein: said closure cover (1) is constituted by a solid circular plate and a steel ring welded to a steel hood, said steel ring is provided with a plurality of circumferential fastening bolt (11); one end of said valve (10) is welded in sealing cap (1) a short pipe in communication, on the outside of the other end is provided with a nitrogen gas outlet (4), to achieve sealing the gas inside the shell and the lid opening and closing the communication; the lug (2) provided on the closure blocking the cover outer member, so that the cover block lifting installation; the handle (3) disposed on the outside of the sealing cover to cover the mounting block. The present invention for explosive demolition duct occluder and method of use having a cover sealing the cover to facilitate the processing, the operation is simple and suitable for high advantage of the removal conduit and the ground construction.


The growing challenges of privacy, disclosure risk, and wideranging—though perhaps silent—data collection suggest the need for a robust discussion of the issues surrounding statistical estimation and privacy, and we are glad to bring leaders from both statistics and computer science into dialogue with one another. Concurring with Professor Roth, we hope that this inspires further statistical work on privacy. Broadly, the discussants brought up two main issues that we wish to address carefully: (i) the pros and cons of local notions of privacy as compared to "classical" (nonlocal) differential and approximate differential privacy; (ii) the issue of interactivity, that is, whether the privacy-preserving channel Q must depend on data being observed sequentially. The discussants also raise a number of other important issues that we touch on briefly in the following sections.


Introduction. In machine learning (ML) and artificial intelligence (AI) works, the emphasis is usually on the quality of classification or the accuracy of parameter estimation. If the focus is on performance, then it is also mainly about the performance of the model's training phase. However, with the proliferation of AI applications in real-world problems, the problem of ensuring high data processing performance with ready models becomes more important. By its nature, this problem is fundamentally different from the one of model training: the latter deals with intensive calculations and the former with simple calculations, but large flows of data (files) coming from the network or file system for processing. That is, the typical task of parallel processing with intensive input-output.

Besides, in terms of application, the AI module that performs classification, evaluation, or other data processing is a "black box": the cost of developing and training the model, as well as the risks of failure, are too high to handle such tasks in a non-professional manner. Therefore, performance optimization primarily involves the selection and balancing of system parameters. Cloud systems with their flexibility, manageability and easy scaling are the ideal platforms for such tasks.

Consider in more detail the task of investigating the factors which affect performance on a single, but notable, pattern recognition sample of a subset of ImageNet image collection [1] classified by the 50-layer deep learning neural network ResNet-50 [2].

The purpose of the paper is to experimentally investigate the factors that influence the performance of a ready-to-use neural network model application in GPU cloud systems of various architectures.

Results. Overheads related to microservices and distributed architectures, memory, network, batch size, synchronous and asynchronous interactions are estimated. The complex nonlinear nature of the influence of the system parameters in various combinations is demonstrated.


tatements by articulators of the music scene have created a climate negative to women's assertiveness in general, and specifically, in music. George P. Upton, critic, writing about women's place in music in 1880, declared that woman's influence was in love, friendship, and the home; woman's nature was artistic, sensitive, and religious, but her abilities were those of interpreter rather than creator; woman depended on intuition, man on reason; when woman's emotions waned with age, so did her musical power; this was not the case with man.1 Such statements, typical in early writings, lead one to suspect that the basic problem of women in music is one of history and culture, not of musical ineptitude. The history of American women from Colonial times shows that progress of


The invention relates to a lubricating device for a transmission, and a transmission with this lubricating device. The lubricating device comprises a shaft (1) with an axial bore (3) and a plurality of axially spaced-apart radial bores (6a, 6b, 6c), said radial bores (6a, 6b, 6c) opening into the axial bore (3) and (the axial bore 3 ) was initiated lubricant to (outside of the shaft 1) components arranged to forward, and where (in at least one of the radial bores 6a, 6b) a pipe (8a, 8b) is used, which on the (in the range of this radial bore 6a, 6b) existing peripheral surface (4) the axial bore (3) away protrudes radially inwardly into the axial bore (3). It is proposed that for adjusting via the radial bores (6a, 6b, 6c) outflowing volume flow of each of the tubes (8a, 8b) at its a central axis (2) of the shaft (1) facing the pipe end (10a, 10b) (a slot 11a, 11b), which along a central axis (9a, 9b) of the respective tube (8a, 8b) extends (in the interior of the axial bore 3).


Combining the cascade converter with the push-pull/full-bridge converter,a novel high power ZVZCT bi-directional DC/DC converter is presented.By introducing an energy feedback circuit of a coupled inductor,all the switches achieve soft-switching in Boost mode.These characteristics improve efficiency of converter in hybrid electric vehicle.The correctness of this converter's principle is verified by Saber simulation and a prototype.


The subject of this paper is competitiveness. The author sets out to show that competitiveness determines our economic freedom and company profitability and begins with really knowing the market and responding to demand. Becoming fully competitive is a task demanding total commitment and a holistic approach, with success depending on seven key dimensions of competitiveness.


Established in the Principality of Monaco are two institutions of the highest stand? ing, oth intimately conne ted with the sea. They are the Oceanographical Museum and the International Hydrographic Bureau (IHB). The Oceanographical Museum was inaugurated by its founder, H.S.H. Prince Albert I of Monaco, on 29 March 1910 and an eloquent account of this most memorable occasion is given in the Geographical Journal oi May 1910 {Geogr. J. 35, 5 (1910) 558-62). The Opening Address delivered by the Prince is also given (pages 562-5) and, although written fifty-three years ago, its message is particularly important today. Prince Albert himself used these noble words to describe this monument to his life's work: 'Le Musee Oceanographique de Monaco semble t je l'ai donne comme une arche d'alliance aux savants de tous les pays'. This report, which complements the account given in the Geographical Journal referred to above, relates to the International Hydrographic Bureau established at Monaco in 1921 on the initiative of Prince Albert, who offered to provide accommoda? tion for this new agency. In tracing the origin of the International Hydrographic Bureau it is necessary however to go back much further than 1921. In was, in fact, in 1853 that, on the instigation of Lt.-Cdr. Maury, usn, an international conference was held at Brussels with sixteen maritime States participating, to establish a common plan for observation of winds and oceanic currents. In 1878, Mr. E. R. Knorr, chief draughtsman of Lt. John Rogers's Hydrographic Expedition to the North Pacific, proposed the creation of a permanent international board to serve as intermediary between the different hydrographic organizations. He detailed the areas requiring cooperation, including the introduction of the metric system. In 1889 an international maritime conference held in Washington rejected the plan for the formation of a permanent international maritime board. The XI International Congress on Naviga? tion at St. Petersburg, Russia, in 1908, proposed an international conference consisting of seamen and engineers. This resulted in a conference at St. Petersburg in 1912 to which fifteen countries sent delegates. Monsieur J. Renaud, Ingenieur hydrographe en Chef, in his report on the 1912 Conference stressed how instructive it had been for delegates to examine in a group collections of charts from all countries and to criticize them in the presence of the hydrographic service which had prepared them. The delegates also received the impression that agreement could easily be reached on almost all points. After the First World War, during which the prevailing spirit of unity among the allied maritime services had vastly encouraged an increased consciousness of the need for greater understanding and cooperation, the hydrographic offices, especially those of Great Britain and France, decided that a close and permanent association between hydrographic offices was necessary. The hydrographic offices are governmental organizations set up by the majority of maritime nations, for the purpose of furnishing mariners with nautical charts and other documents necessary for the navigation of their territorial waters and the oceans of the world. The activities of these offices are thus essentially twofold: surveys at sea and along the coasts, and publication of nautical documents. Scientific studies in the fields of oceanography, photogrammetry, astronomy, geodesy, tides, magnetism, etc. are essential parts of these fundamental activities.


I hereby declare that this thesis contains literature survey and original research work by undersigned candidate, as part of his (name of the degree) studies. All information in her document have been obtained and presented in accordance with academic rules and ethical conduct. I also declare that, as required by these rules and conduct, I have fully cited and referenced all material and results that are not original to this work. of my knowledge, the matter embodied in the thesis has not been submitted to any other University / Institute for the award of any Degree or Diploma. JADAVPUR UNIVERSITY C C C Certificate ertificate ertificate ertificate o o o of f f f A A A Approval pproval pproval pproval (Only in case the thesis is approved) The thesis at instance is hereby approved as a creditable study of an Engineering subject carried out and presented in a manner satisfactory to warrant its acceptance as a prerequisite to the degree for which it has been submitted. It is understood that by this approval the undersigned does not necessary endorse or approve any statement made, opinion expressed or conclusion drawn therein, but approve this thesis for the purpose for which itSignature of the Examiner Signature of the Examiner v Acknowledgement In the first place I would like to record my gratitude to Prof. University for her supervision, complete patience, advice and valuable guidance from the very early stage of this project as well as giving me extraordinary experiences throughout the work. Above all and the most needed, she provided me unflinching encouragement and support in various ways. Her truly scientific intuition has made her a constant oasis of ideas and passions in science, which exceptionally inspire and enrich my growth as a student, a researcher and a scientist want to be.


The present work deals with the surface modification of a commercial microfiltration poly(ethersulfone) membrane by graft polymerization technique. Poly(styrene-co-divinylbenzene-co-4-vinylbenzylchloride) surface layer was covalently attached onto the poly(ethersulfone) support layer to improve the membrane electrochemical properties. Followed by amination, a two-layer anion-exchange membrane was prepared. The effect of surface layer treatment using the extraction in various solvents on membrane morphological and electrochemical characteristics was studied. The membranes were tested from the point of view of water content, ion-exchange capacity, specific resistance, permselectivity, FT-IR spectroscopy, and SEM analysis. It was found that the two-layer anion-exchange membranes after the extraction using tetrahydrofuran or toluene exhibited smooth and porous surface layer, which resulted in improved ion-exchange capacity, electrical resistance, and permselectivity of the membranes.


ABSTRACT This study aims to bring a renewed focus on Value Co-Creation (VCC) between an organisation (service provider) and its customers in the business-to-business (B2B) context. From the literature review, a conceptual framework of factors affecting VCC was developed by adding Customer to the Technology-Organisation-Environment framework (T-O-E). The enhanced Customer-Organisation-Technology-Environment (C-O-T-E) framework was empirically investigated from the focal firms' perspectives using semi-structured interviews with seventeen executives from knowledge-intensive service organisations. The research captured a total of sixteen factors affecting VCC and highlighted co-conception for competition as a new form of co-creation, where the customer-service provider's long-term relationship positively enables a competitive strategy. These findings have significant implications for how service providers achieve competitive advantage in a challenging B2B marketplace.


Results are presented of a study to determine the best method of providing high purity water to the primary systems of the N.S. Savannah's reactor power plant while the ship is at Galveston, Texas. The N.S. Savannah's requirements, quantity and quality are detailed, including requirements for barge and shore facilities, and for fill and clean-up for the spent fuel and mock-up pits. A comparison is made of two water plant designs, their systems and components, and costs. The water plant selected utilizes the demineralization principle.


As Chapter Eleven explains, sex in plants couldn't be considered until the anathematization of sex in scholarly discourse ended and naturalism in illustrated herbals revived, and these changes occurred following the influx of Greek learning during the "Twelfth Century Awakening." The poetry of the troubadours and the natural theology of St. Francis laid the foundation for the revival of naturalism. Scholars like Roger Bacon and Albertus Magnus reintroduced naturalism in herbals, and artists like Albrecht Dürer, and Hans Weiditz pioneered realistic plant portraits. In the first general treatise on botany since Theophratus (De Natura Stirpium [1536]), Jean Ruel adopted such terms as "conception" "parturition" "gestation" and "fetus." To account for conception, he explained that the wind acts as husband to the plant: "after the wind Flavonius begins to blow … all vegetal things are married to it." This "plants-as-female" paradigm was poeticized in "The Romance of the Rose."


Abstract There has been no shortage of proposals in recent years about what might constitute the 'digital aesthetics' of the audio-visual media. Most often these proposals of new aesthetic models are conceived in terms of a sharp break with conventional narrative form—where convention is yoked to Hollywood on the one hand, and a certain tradition of European art cinema on the other. However, a largely unexplored connection is the very fertile link between digital work and the traditions of experimental cinema. The prolific film-maker-painter—dramaturg, James Clayden, active since the early 1970s, is an especially important figure in the crossover from film to digital in Australia. With small amounts of government subsidy and finance raised from other sources, he has made several experimental features and a myriad of shorts in recent years. These have received more attention and acclaim at overseas film festivals than in Australia, where the experimental exhibition scene has largely atrophied. Intriguingly, Clayden has gone back to celluloid works (on Super 8 or 16mm) and re-fashioned them in a radical way for several digital projects; he has also been preparing a more conventional narrative art-cinema project. This article will use these rich intersections of forms, gauges and modes in Clayden's recent career as a way of approaching a new theorization of digital aesthetics in Australian cinema.


The density of silicate liquids is a fundamental input into the derivation of buoyancy forces associated with melt transport in magmatic processes (Lange and Carmichael 1990). As such, the derivation of an adequate equation of state for the PVT properties of liquid silicates is an important experimental goal of petrology, geophysics, and geochemistry (Bottinga and Weill 1970; Bottinga et al.1982). Considerable effort has therefore been invested in determining melt density as a function of composition, temperature, and pressure in the past decade. Several of these efforts have relied on traditional and widely accepted methods such as high-temperature immersion methods (e.g., Lange and Carmichael 1987; Dingwell and Brearley, 1988; Dingwell et al. 1988; Dingwell 1990) and both hightemperature and high-pressure Stokesian falling sphere techniques (Scarfe et al. 1987; Taniguchi 1989). Those methods are well suited to low viscosity melts (<10 3 Pa s and <10 5 Pa s, respectively). This, however, restricts their range of applicability to relatively basic melt compositions at relatively high temperatures. Recent development of dilatometric methods for the determination of density and thermal expansion of relaxed silicate liquids (Webb et al. 1992) is highly complementary to the above traditional methods and was used, for example to first obtain the temperature dependence of the expansivity of geologically relevant silicate melt compositions (Knoche et al. ABSTRACT


Neodiaptomus prateek n. sp. is described based on a plankton sample collected from Deepor Beel, a floodplain lake in the north-eastern, Indian state of Assam, which falls within the key biodiversity area of the Indo-Burma Hotspot. The new species fulfils all the principal criteria of the genus Neodiaptomus Kiefer, 1932, as revised by Kiefer (1939). It has, however, a spectacular autapomorphic feature, which is perhaps unparalleled in Diaptomidae as a whole – a massive coxal plate ending in a thumb-like spinulose structure on the caudal surface of the male left P5. The new taxon also has two homoplastic characters that are hitherto unknown within the genus: the female fourth pediger has a prominent mid-dorsal process, and the third endopodal segment of P2-P4 has six instead of seven setae, the proximal outer seta being absent. The affinities of the new species with its congeners are discussed. Furthermore, the generic assignment of all the 13 species of Neodiaptomus listed in the latest World Copepoda database (Walter, 2012) is critically reviewed. Of these, five species are recognised as valid, six are relegated to species inquirendae, and one each is a nomen dubium and a synonym. Two lineage groups are recognised within the genus, one belonging to Southeast Asia and the other mostly confined to India. Surprisingly, the new species was accompanied by a record number of seven other diaptomid species in the same sample; the probable biogeographic and ecological implications of this high species richness are briefly discussed.


Ash site of Taiyuan a power plant is selected on already mining area of coal mining. The form of ash storage is waterpower ash storage, ash site in valleys. Building waterpower ash storage site on goaf is the first example at home. The paper introduces design of ground structure of dam body and gallery. It has a certain guiding meaning for design and study of structure of building waterpower ash storage site on goaf.


As the engineering world embraces Model Based System Engineering (MBSE), the system safety discipline should also enfold and support MBSE methodology and approaches. The need for Model Based Functional safety, as part of the established system safety and software safety process, is becoming apparent due to existing and developing system design complexity. This paper is intended to show how valuable Model Based Functional Safety approaches can be when evaluating safety signification functions of complex software-intensive integrated systems. Using models can improve the accuracy during the Functional Hazard Analysis (FHA) and can help validate Fault Tree Analyses (FTA) and subsequent system safety analysis (SSA) process and results because the model focuses on the architecture, the physical system, the computer system, as well as the applicable software/middleware/Programmable Logic Devices (PLDs). Model Based Functional Safety may utilize use cases, structural architecture models, activity diagrams, sequence diagrams, functional flow diagrams, and state/mode models to depict safety attributes and to influence explicit safety requirements. SysML may be used to depict critical functions, functional threads, safety features, and expected behavior. Such augmented models (safety models) can also be used to analyze potential off nominal failure conditions and system behavior for various scenarios when conducting FHAs and subsequently detailed system and software safety analyses. This paper will provide an example of the MBSE framework and concepts for tool use in the functional safety analysis and the utilization of attributed models and artifacts to supplement system safety documentation.


W E would like to point out that in our paper [1], two figures, namely, Fig. 5 in page 4086 and Fig. 6 in page 4087, should be corrected. These two figures were derived based on a USNET network that had different link lengths from the USNET network mentioned in the paper. For each link, the length in the network we mistakenly used is shorter than or equal to that in the network mentioned in the paper. Therefore, the results presented in these two figures were not consistent with the USNET version referred to in the published paper. Here we provide the correct figures that are consistent with the USNET network mentioned in the paper. Please note that there is a discrepancy between the correct figures and the original figures in the published paper, although they look similar. Firstly, the correct Fig. 5 is provided. The second paragraph of the second column in page 4086 relating to the figure should be replaced by the following paragraph. We also consider 50 demands for the USNET network as shown in Fig. 5. With the increase in the number of destinations, the amount of required spectrum climbs. Also, for the ordering methods of the demands, an approach considering 4000 random sequences, i.e., APPF_G_4000, saves on average 4.8% spectrum compared to APPF_G_DO. Similar to the case in the n6s9 network, such a multi-iteration process does not improve much when there are many destinations in a multicast session, e.g., 18, as the average nodal degree of USNET is also low, i.e., 3.6. Secondly, the correct Fig. 6 is also provided. The last paragraph of the first column in page 4087 relating to the figure should be replaced by the following paragraph. The blocking performance is shown in Fig. 6. As we can see, the straightforward approach for dynamic systems, denoted as "Straightforward" in the figure, shows to have losses. The blocking probability increases with the increase of ρ. Specifically, when traffic load is light


The goals of the Estado Novo were to remain united, cohesive and undivided. There was a desire to erase all possible traces of social heterogeneity, with foreigners representing a potential danger. The building of homogeneity called for a very authoritarian stance, because it presupposed the elimination of the other, the dissimilar. This article shows that the fear, the aversion towards the other reached extreme levels with regard to the Japanese.


In order to speed up the advancement of rock drift in coal mine,improve drift forming,as well as shorten auxiliary operations time in the short-hole blasting cycle and increase advance of working cycle,the application of medium-depth hole smooth blasting technology has been studied according to on-site construction conditions for the drift in the test.Results showed that,compared with all indicators before test,the average borehole utilization ratio for the rock roadway in the experiment increased by 9.5%,the average advance of working cycle increased by 0.94 m,the consumption of explosives and detonators per unit rock volume decreased 0.53 kg/m3 and 3.14 pieces/m3,respectively,the consumption of explosives and detonators for the roadway decreased 17.86 kg/m and 50.7 pieces/m,respectively,the peripheral hole rate reached 50%~80%.Applying this technology can not only remarkably improve the advance speed with better effects in smooth blasting and roadway forming,but also bring better technical and economic benefits.


The article engages with theory about the processes of spatialization of fear in contemporary Western urban space (fortification, privatization, exclusion/seclusion, fragmentation, polarization) and their relationships with feelings of fear of crime and violence. A threefold taxonomy is outlined (Enclosure; Post-Public Space, Barrier) and "spaces of fear" in the city of Palermo are mapped with the aim of exploring the cumulative large-scale effects of the spatialization of fear on a concrete urban territory. Building on empirical evidence, the author suggests that mainstream theories be re-framed as part of a less hegemonic and more discursive approach, and that theories mainly based on the analyses of global cities be de-provincialized. The author argues for the deconstruction of the concept of "spaces of fear" in favour of a more discursive concept of "fearscapes", as the growing landscapes of fear in contemporary Western cities.


The present study was a meta-analysis of 29 published studies that used the Profile of Mood States (POMS) to investigate relationships between mood and athletic achievement or between mood and performance outcome. Results showed that effect sizes (ESs) for level of achievement were minimal (n = 15, Weighted Mean ES = 0.10, SD = 0.07), a finding consistent with a previous meta-analysis by Rowley, Landers, Kyllo, and Etnier (1995). Larger effects were found for performance outcome (n = 17, Weighted Mean ES = 0.31, SD = 0.12). Effects were moderate for Vigor, Confusion, and Depression, small for Anger and Tension, and very small for Fatigue. All effects were in the direction predicted by Morgan's (1985) mental health model. Effects were larger in sports of short duration, in sports involving open skills, and where performance was judged using self-referenced criteria. Findings suggest that the POMS has utility in the prediction of performance outcome but not in the prediction of level of achievement.


An X-band test station is being developed at LLNL to investigate accelerator optimization for future upgrades to mono-energetic gamma-ray (MEGa-Ray) technology at LLNL. Beamline magnets will include an emittance compensation solenoid, windowpane steering dipoles, and quadrupole magnets. Demanding tolerances have been placed on the alignment of these magnets, which directly affects the electron bunch beam quality. A magnet mapping system has been established at LLNL in order to ensure the delivered magnets match their field specification, and the mountings are aligned and capable of reaching the specified alignment tolerances. The magnet measurement system will be described which uses a 3-axis Lakeshore gauss probe mounted on a 3-axis translation stage. Alignment accuracy and precision will be discussed, as well as centering measurements and analysis. The dependence on data analysis over direct multi-pole measurement allows a significant improvement in useful alignment information. Detailed analysis of measurements on the beamline quadrupoles will be discussed, including multi-pole content both from alignment of the magnets, and the intrinsic level of multi-pole magnetic field.


A trite modern metaphor for the absence of good options refers to those choices that are only "better than a sharp stick in the eye." I was recently faced with a medical problem where I had to decide whether I had an option superior to a sharp stick in the eye.


Type II superconductors will be considered as macroscopic quantum gravitational antennas, which can simultaneously also be used as efficient transducers for converting electromagnetic radiation into gravitational radiation, and vice versa. A Meissner-like effect, in which the Lense-Thirring field associated with a gravity wave is expelled from the interior of the superconductor, is predicted. An analysis of a process of natural impedance matching in type II superconductors such as YBCO based on the Ginzburg-Landau theory yields an estimate of the transducer conversion efficiency of the order of unity upon reflection of the wave. Thus efficient emitters and receivers of gravitational radiation can be constructed at microwave frequencies. A simple, Hertz-like experiment using YBCO and 12 GHz microwaves is being performed to test these ideas. Results of this experiment will be reported elsewhere.


Summary form only given. Radicals and excited species produced through mixing low temperature plasma with a surrounding gas medium can be tailored so as to promote a process of benefit to either medical therapeutics or materials fabrication. This mixing process is particular interesting when the plasma is generated from an array of microplasma jets.Here, we report the interaction of an array of 25 microplasma jets with an atmosphere whose composition can be controlled at will. Helium serves as the feedstock gas for the microplasma jet array and the breakdown cross section area voltage is ~1 kV (RMS) for a sinusoidal driving voltage frequency of 20 kHz. An environment rich in reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reactive nitrogen species (RNS) has been developed in afterglow region immediately adjacent to the plasma jet apparatus by appropriate control of the ratio of the secondary input gases, including O2, N2, Ar, NH3, and their mixtures. Selective production of the targeted radicals is measured by optical emission spectroscopy, mass spectrometry, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The characteristics and control of ROS and RNS within the region surrounding each jet apertures with various gases and operational parameters will be discussed.


The ability to learn classification rules from data is important and useful in a range of applications. While many methods to facilitate this task have been proposed, few can derive classification rules that involve ranges (numerical intervals). In this paper, we consider how range-based classification rules may be derived from numerical data and propose a new method inspired by classification association rule mining. This method searches for associated ranges in a similar way to how associated itemsets are searched in categorical attributes in association rule mining, but uses class values to guide the search, so that only those ranges that are relevant to the derivation of classification rules are found. Our preliminary experiments demonstrate the effectiveness of our method.


The roles of electromagnetic waves (EMW) in communication is continuously increasing in the atmosphere. Now, we live in the blanket of electric fields due to increase in the number of transmission towers around the colonies, villages, and cities. These towers emitted the high-frequency EMWs in the atmosphere. In this manuscript, effects of high-frequency EMWs on the biological materials are studied. The electric fields are determined around the mobile phone transmission towers. The penetrated electric fields are also determined inside the biological materials. The specific absorption rate (SAR) inside the materials is computed at various depths of human beings. After comparing the computed data with the international safety limit, it is concluded that 30 m distance from the mobile phone transmission tower is more harmful to the health of biological materials. The distance from 30 to 50 m is less harmful than the 30 m distance. After 50 m distance, the value of SAR represents that it may be safe for the life of biological material's tissues. The results concluded that people should keep away at least 50 m from the mobile phone transmission tower.


Low oxygen tension areas are found in inflamed or diseased tissues where hypoxic cells induce survival pathways by regulating the hypoxia-inducible transcription factor (HIF). Macrophages are essential regulators of inflammation and, therefore, we have analyzed their response to hypoxia. Murine peritoneal elicited macrophages cultured under hypoxia produced higher levels of IFN-γ and IL-12 mRNA and protein than those cultured under normoxia. A similar IFN-γ increment was obtained with in vivo models using macrophages from mice exposed to atmospheric hypoxia. Our studies showed that IFN-γ induction was mediated through HIF-1α binding to its promoter on a new functional hypoxia response element. The requirement of HIF-α in the IFN-γ induction was confirmed in RAW264.7 cells, where HIF-1α was knocked down, as well as in resident HIF-1α null macrophages. Moreover, Ag presentation capacity was enhanced in hypoxia through the up-regulation of costimulatory and Ag-presenting receptor expression. Hypoxic macrophages generated productive immune synapses with CD8 T cells that were more efficient for activation of TCR/CD3ε, CD3ζ and linker for activation of T cell phosphorylation, and T cell cytokine production. In addition, hypoxic macrophages bound opsonized particles with a higher efficiency, increasing their phagocytic uptake, through the up-regulated expression of phagocytic receptors. These hypoxia-increased immune responses were markedly reduced in HIF-1α- and in IFN-γ-silenced macrophages, indicating a link between HIF-1α and IFN-γ in the functional responses of macrophages to hypoxia. Our data underscore an important role of hypoxia in the activation of macrophage cytokine production, Ag-presenting activity, and phagocytic activity due to an HIF-1α-mediated increase in IFN-γ levels.


Direct air capture (DAC) can provide an impactful, engineered approach to combat climate change by removing carbon dioxide (CO2) from the air. However, to meet climate goals, DAC needs to be scaled at a rapid rate. Current DAC approaches use engineered contactors filled with chemicals to repeatedly capture CO2 from the air and release high purity CO2 that can be stored or otherwise used. This review article focuses on two distinctive, commercial DAC processes to bind with CO2: solid sorbents and liquid solvents. We discuss the properties of solvents and sorbents, including mass transfer, heat transfer and chemical kinetics, as well as how these properties influence the design and cost of the DAC process. Further, we provide a novel overview of the considerations for deploying these DAC technologies, including concepts for learning-by-doing that may drive down costs and material requirements for scaling up DAC technologies.


Five new barrel-shaped macrobicyclic compounds capable of complexation with anions have been prepared. Intermediate triamines were prepared in one-step using a triple Mitsonobu reaction, thereby shortening the overall synthetic sequence. A previously prepared benzene-bridged hexaazamacrocycle was prepared in only four-steps.


ABSTRACT The development of effective and eco-friendly insecticides is a demand. Green nanoparticles synthesis is an important field in pest control strategy, which has cost effective and faster than physical and chemical methods. In this study, silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) were synthesized using Artemisia herba-alba plant extract to be tested against an important pest of non-edible plants such as cotton. UV-vis spectrophotometry, TEM, XRD and FTIR were used to confirm the biophysical characterization of AgNP formation, which appeared as spherical particles with size ranging from 9.68 to 36.7 nm. Feeding and contact application methods were used to evaluate the larvicidal activity of green-synthesized AgNPs against the cotton pest Spodoptera littoralis larvae. LC50 and LC90 values of synthesized AgNPs were calculated. After 5 days of treatment, the calculated LC50 of applied AgNPs by feeding application was 74.569 ml/ml (soln./ H2O), whereas contact application recorded LC50 of 27.47 ml/ml after 30 h of treatment. Morphological and histopathological abnormalities after AgNPs treatment were detected as demelanization and mummified shape of larvae, the destruction of the cuticle layer, disintegration of gut epithelia and gonad deformation. Our results proved the success of green-synthesized NPs application against S. littoralis larva, which open new avenues in pest control.


Seventy-three patients (74 trochanteric fractures) ranging from 60 to 92 years of age have been operated with internal fixation method using Jwett nail plate. Females occupied about 80% of all cases with trochanteric fractures, which were classified into 33 (44.6%) stable fractures, 36 (48.6%) unstable fractures and 5 (6.8%) subtrochanteric fractures.Complications such as migration and penetration of the nail were found in 25.3% of the cases.Follow-up results revealed that 73.7% of the cases were satisfactory in walking ability and 86.9% were satisfactory according to pain.


IntroductionAs the young United States was taking shape in the early 19th century, the manufacturing art of craftsmen merged into mechanized production. It is in these formative years that individuals such as Simeon North found themselves at the confluence of time and opportunity. North was the first full-service contractor of pistols to the U.S. government (North, 1913). Prior to his initial contract of 1799, pistols were painstakingly crafted by several different contractors and ultimately assembled by yet another. In order to be successful and take full advantage of the chance to be a contractor of pistols from start to finish, North built a business from the ground up. As his entrepreneurial venture grew, he invented the first milling machine, pursued interchangeability of parts, and showed that a single contractor could produce a flintlock pistol for the United States War Department. However, like many of today's start-ups, he faced daunting challenges associated with the human resources (HR) function of the business: identifying and hiring talented employees, training them to be effective, and determining how best to divide work among them.Obviously, the field of human resources management (HRM) was not known as such during North's time frame. The term "human resources management" only began to emerge in the 1960s as it supplanted the word "personnel" (Strauss, 2001). In the early 19th century, the factory system that was in place put less of an emphasis on the workers and more upon the process being performed. Thus, employee work was routine, repetitive, and specialized (Dulebohn, Ferris, and Stodd, 1995). The actual function of HRM was performed by the business owner or a foreman. Throughout the 19th century, personnel was primarily a recordkeeping function with an emphasis on staffing and division of labor. The difference today is that the field of HRM is far more focused on strategic initiatives and facilitating organizational change (McKee, 1997). Therefore, though this paper takes some liberties with referring to North's personnel issues as HRM challenges, it is an apt description for today's management scholar and practitioner. Any organization that hires employees will encounter problems and North, like a 21st century restaurateur, retail store manager, or bank vice president understood that effectively dealing with personnel matters was vital for the continued success of the enterprise.To illustrate the HRM challenges North confronted in his venture, this study primarily utilizes a collection of North correspondence found in Robert Jeska's book, Early Simeon North Pistol Correspondence (1993). This collection of transcribed letters and documents is a treasure trove of intriguing business cornmunication. These archives describe price negotiations, discussions of quality control, delivery schedules, and most pertinent to this analysis, vivid accounts of specific HR-related challenges. It is these insights that are examined within this study.It should be noted that this is not a biographical sketch of Simeon North. Rather, this paper provides an anecdotal portrait of an entrepreneur/manager who faced several of the HR problems commonly encountered by today's entrepreneurs/managers. North's own words associated with his struggles of maintaining a strong, qualified staff is presented as well as the implications for today's business practitioner.The purpose of this paper is two-fold. First, it introduces Simeon North - an early pioneer of interchangeable parts who was admittedly, a lesser self-promoter of his accomplishments than say, Eli Whitney. And second, the study provides a profile of North as both an entrepreneur and manager who met head-on certain HR problems that remain common to this day. Finally, the discussion section explores the implications of North's HR issues for the modem day manager and entrepreneur.Who Was Simeon North?When the Mexican army, under the enigmatic Santa Anna, stormed the Alamo in presentday San Antonio, Simeon North's pistols were in the hands of some of the ill-fated Texans. …


The paper discusses the role of partner relations established between teacher and student in encouraging learning and cognitive development. Partnership means a relationship where there exists equal mutual respect of partners. Learning is viewed as a construction process not as knowledge transmission and emphasis is placed on the importance of the "zone of subsequent development for asymmetric partner communication in the process of building up knowledge". Attention focuses on two methods of learning in the teaching process: teacher-student cooperative learning and modeling. Several forms of partner communication are analyzed: discussion, conversation in a circle and asking questions on the part of students. The importance of partnership in teaching is illustrated by the results of a host of contemporary investigations in the sphere of teaching and learning. The major implications of those investigations for teaching practice are as follows: creating relaxing and non-hierarchical atmosphere in the process of learning; teacher and student training for communication skills important for partner relations; teacher training for cooperative work with students and application of modeling; developing conditions for the emergence of situational interest in teaching; utilization of techniques for encouraging spontaneous and free students' questions in teaching.


Rationale: Intravascular neutrophil recruitment and activation are key pathogenic factors that contribute to vascular injury. Intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) has been shown to have a beneficial effect in systemic inflammatory disorders; however, the mechanisms underlying IVIG's inhibitory effect on neutrophil recruitment and activation are not understood. Objective: We studied the mechanisms by which IVIG exerts protection from neutrophil-mediated acute vascular injury. Methods and Results: We examined neutrophil behavior in response to IVIG in vivo, using real-time intravital microscopy. We found that an antibody that blocks both Fc (cid:1) RIII and its inhibitory receptor counterpart, Fc (cid:1) RIIB, abrogated the inhibitory effect of IVIG on leukocyte recruitment and heterotypic red blood cell (RBC) interactions with adherent leukocytes in wild-type mice. In the context of sickle cell disease, the blockade of both Fc (cid:1) RIIB and III abrogated the protective effect of IVIG on acute vaso-occlusive crisis caused by neutrophil recruitment and activation. Analysis of Fc (cid:1) RIIB- and Fc (cid:1) RIII-deficient mice revealed the predominant expression of Fc (cid:1) RIII on circulating neutrophils. Fc (cid:1) RIII mediated IVIG-triggered inhibition of leukocyte recruitment, circulating RBC capture, and enhanced Mac-1 activity, whereas Fc (cid:1) RIIB was dispensable. In addition, Fc (cid:1) RIII-induced IVIG anti-inflammatory activity in neutrophils was mediated by recruitment of Src homology 2 (SH2)-containing tyrosine phosphatase-1 (SHP-1). Indeed, the protective effect of IVIG on leukocyte recruitment and activation was abrogated in SHP-1-mutant mice. Conclusions: Fc (cid:1) RIII, a classic activating receptor, has an unexpected inhibitory role on neutrophil adhesion and activation via recruitment of SHP-1 in response to IVIG. Our results identify SHP-1 as a therapeutic target in neutrophil-mediated vascular injury. ( Circ Res . 2012;110:1057-1066.) of intravascular accumulation and activation of neutrophils to localized inflamed area in vivo using real-time intravital microscopy. We show that engagement of IVIG to activating Fc (cid:1) RIII but not the inhibitory Fc (cid:1) RIIB inhibits leukocyte recruitment, abrogates heterotypic adherent leukocyte-RBC interactions, and reduces Mac-1 activity. In addition, we identify the protein tyrosine phosphatase SHP-1 as a critical downstream mediator involved in the Fc (cid:1) RIII-mediated inhibitory effects of IVIG on leukocyte recruitment and activation. Proteins were extracted from bone marrow neutrophils isolated from WT and Fcgr2b (cid:1) / (cid:1) mice, and the association of SHP-1 with Fc (cid:1) RIIB/III was analyzed by immunoprecipitation and Western blotting as described in the Online Data Supplement Methods. but not the inhibitory Fc (cid:1) RIIB inhibited neutrophil recruitment and activation. Further-more, the Fc (cid:1) RIII-induced IVIG anti-inflammatory activity in neutrophils was mediated by recruitment of protein tyrosine phosphatase SHP-1. This study demonstrates an unexpected inhibitory role of Fc (cid:1) RIII on neutrophil adhesion and activation in response to IVIG and implicates SHP-1 in the therapeutic efficacy of IVIG. Thus, elucidating the target signals affected by IVIG-induced SHP-1 recruitment will provide novel insight for designing therapeutic strategies to prevent vascular disease.


This dissertation is a study of Islamist ideas on and visions of the Islamic state. It begins with the observation that although a growing amount of research explores Islamism; few studies closely ...


The old methods to test the Ag in cyanic fluid only fit for the samples that have simple chemical composition, for the complicated cyanic fluid especially have high concentration of Cu, Pb, and Zn, the recurrence of the result is small. Field test of the Ag in cyanic fluid is based on ruin the ~- in the cyanic fluid by HNO_3+H_2O_2 and enrich and separate Ag by CCX in 10% HNO_3 medium. Ag in the CCX disembarrassed by ashing in the CH_3COOH (acetic acid)-CH_3COONa (acetic natrium) buffering fluid that pH is 3.3, and tested by Au reagent by excerpt colorimetry. Choose a cyanic fluid that content is known to test 10 times, the lower limit of the method is 0.1 μg/mL and RSD is 5.8%. the test result could meet the need of the concentration and smelt.


Fitness of offspring can be affected by maternal environment in different ways [1]. Unpredictable biotic and abiotic maternal environment may have a crucial role in determining germination fractions and seedling recruitment. Bet-hedging is an important strategy to reduce the risk of failure under environmental uncertainty [2]. Spreading germination over time by producing seeds with different dormancy and longevity can help reducing the risk of recruitment failure in any one year [3]. It is well known that, seeds are less vulnerable to environmental stresses than seedlings [2].


This paper mainly focuses on college teachers' sports life by questionnaire,literature review,interview and statistics,including their motivation,recognition,time,place,form and fees of participating in sports,draws a conclusion and puts forward some countermeasure and suggestion.


The meat of the paper is a small innovation in Ontological Semantic Technology describing how to calculate weights in text meaning representations. It is reset here as a component of a complex and apparently unprecedented global logic of natural language, a topic that was abortively entertained in the 1960–70s and since then mostly abandoned.


The high-school training of boys and girls, we are told with ever increasing frequency, should develop within them actually needed personal characteristics and abilities. The exact schedule of these abilities has not yet been agreed upon by our profession. But we are awake to the problem; and widespread discussion is well under way. An auspicious beginning has been made in the formulation of the specific abilities and characteristics. The most authoritative statement of these objectives comes from the Commission on the Reorganization of Secondary Education. In their Cardinal Principles of Secondary Education they present seven general classes of objectives: (i) vocation; (2) citizenship; (3) health; (4) worthy use of leisure; (5) command of fundamental processes; (6) worthy home membership; (7) ethical character.


Echidnas (Tachyglossus aculeatus) are found Australian-wide and appear to be remarkably well-adapted to arid zones, yet, nearly all echidna research has been conducted in temperate, tropical and alpine zones. This study investigated the home range and movement of echidnas in western New South Wales. Radio telemetry tracking was used to locate the echidnas daily during the study period (March-May 2019 and August 2019); the home range was 1.47± 1.21 km2. This is over twice the reported home range of temperate environments (>0.65 km2) suggesting that echidnas exhibit larger home ranges in arid zones. This study provides insight into the movement and home range of echidnas in arid zones, revealing that desert echidnas have large home ranges, dependent on the availability of resources.


Abstract Does meditation bring political benefits in the sense of strengthening citizenship or democracy? Taking the Zen phrase "meditation doesn't work—it's good for nothing" as my point of departure, and reading Aristotle's discussion of leisure in relation to citizenship, I argue that meditation can foster significant dimensions of democratic citizenship. This argument focuses particularly on the avowedly anti-instrumental aspect of mindfulness meditation. The connection between meditation and leisure demands a shift in our understanding of leisure, away from relaxation available to the privileged few and toward practices that are open-ended, non-instrumental, and, like democracy and citizenship, due to all. Finally, meditation offers an example of how to appropriate and inhabit excess in ways that support egalitarian citizenship. Meditation needs to be of "no benefit" in order to foster citizenship in these ways.


The tenth symposium on the Study of the Earth's Deep Interior (SEDI) was held in Prague, Czech Republic from 9 to 14 July, 2006. Over 160 papers were presented on a broad range of topics that covered many aspects of the physics and chemistry of planetary interiors. A subset of these presentations, dealing mainly with fluid dynamics in planetary cores, was assembled for this special issue. The content of this issue is broadly organized into three parts. The first part deals with the topic of convection in rotating spherical fluid shells. Aurnou provides an update on recent theoretical and experimental determinations of convective heat transfer, and reveals surprising discordance in the predicted scaling of heat transfer with the relevant control parameters. Gibbons et al. investigate additional complications that arise from inhomogeneous heat flux conditions at the outer boundary. The second part includes a series of papers on dynamo models. Gomez-Perez and Heimpel present a numerical dynamo model with strong zonal flow, and show that it can reproduce the unusual dipole orientation in Uranus and Neptune. A key feature of this model is the high magnetic diffusivity, which may be appropriate if the convecting fluid is an electrolyte. The subsequent paper by Avalos-Zuniga et al. examines a kinematic dynamo model with an anisotropic alpha effect, based on expectations for columnar convection. This paper shows that changes in geometric parameters of the model can alter the dominant symmetry of the magnetic field. The next three papers deal with the formulation of the dynamo problem. One of the challenges confronting current numerical models is limited spatial resolution. Anufriev proposes a transformation of the usual momentum equation in the dynamo problem to permit solutions in the form of a small-parameter expansion. This strategy is intended to eliminate the need to resolve the viscous boundary layers. Small-scale structure may also develop in the interior of the fluid. Matsui and Buffett contribute a pair of papers on subgrid-scale models (SGS) for convection-driven dynamos. The first paper describes a correction for the error that is introduced in large-eddy simulations when the order of filtering and derivative operations is interchanged. The second paper presents a dynamic scheme for evaluating the coefficients of the scale-similarity SGS model. The third part of this issue examines the role of inertial waves in planetary cores. Kelley et al. show that inertial waves are prominently excited by differential rotation in a spherical fluid shell. The spatial form of the waves was determined by mapping the


- The device comprises means (15A, 15B) for determining and using a target course representing the affected heading value by the aircraft (AC) at the end of an overhaul procedure for the aircraft wings ( AC), initiated at the current time, from a hold mode of roll angle.


The utility model discloses a multi-functional far-infrared magnetic-therapy health care pillow, comprising an inner memory cotton core with a wave-like longitudinal cross section and a negative-ion functional cloth cover, wherein the negative-ion functional cloth cover is coated on the inner core, the inner core is internally provided with a binchotan carbon bag and an electric heating element which are adhered to each other or adjacent to each other, and the electric heating element is connected with a power supply by virtue of a power wire. Preferably, the electric heating element adopts a carbon-crystal heating piece. The multi-functional far-infrared magnetic-therapy health care pillow disclosed by the utility model fully utilizes the functions of purifying air and releasing far infrared rays and negative oxygen ions conforming to a human body of binchotan, combines the functions of the binchotan with the advantages of a slow rebound pillow and a magnetic therapy pillow, and improves the amount of the far infrared rays and the negative oxygen ions released from the binchotan by internally provided with the carbon-crystal heating piece and externally coated with the negative-ion functional cloth cover, so that by virtue of biological effects of the far infrared rays and the negative oxygen ions, blood microcirculation of the neck, the back and other parts of the human body are promoted, muscles and nerves of the head, neck and shoulders of the human body are thoroughly relaxed, and pressure is effectively decomposed. The multi-functional far-infrared magnetic-therapy health care pillow overcomes the defects of the prior art.


Let D be a bounded domain in the complex plane whose boundary consists of m ≥ 2 pairwise disjoint simple closed curves and let A(bD) be the algebra of all continuous functions on bD which extend holomorphically through D. We show that a continuous function Φ on bD belongs to A(bD) if for each g ∈ A (bD) the harmonic extension of Re(gΦ) to D has a single-valued conjugate.


Hardware/software (HW/SW) partitioning is one of the crucial steps of co-design systems. It determines which components of the system are implemented in hardware and which ones are in software. As hardware of larger area may provide higher implementing speed for a give component due to the parallelizable execution in hardware, one component may have different ways of hardware implementations. In this paper the computing model is proposed to cater for the multiple-choice HW/SW partitioning. On the new computing model an efficient heuristic algorithm is developed, in which both speedup in hardware and communication penalty are taken into account. In addition, an exact algorithm is also presented based on dynamic programming to evaluate the approximate solutions produced by the heuristic algorithm for relatively small problems. Simulation results show that the heuristic algorithm runs fast and is able to produce high-quality approximate solutions. The difference between the approximate solutions and the optimal ones is bounded by 0.5%, and it hardly increases with the increase in the problem size.


Abstract Optical observations of growth twins and ferroelastic domains and measurements of the rotation of the optical indicatrix were carried out for Rb3H(SeO4)2 and (NH4)3H(SO4)2 using an optical microscope. Taking into account the symmetry reduction from the rhombohedral (Rm) to the monoclinic phase (B2/a) the occurrence of domains and growth twins can be well described. The orientations of oblique ferroelastic walls are well determined by the spontaneous strains s e 11 and s e 23 at room temperature.


A method for controlling light-emitting device in terminal equipment, apparatus thereof and terminal equipment are disclosed. Wherein, said method includes the following steps: at the same light illumination condition, obtaining a first light intensity value detected by an environmental light sensor in the terminal equipment, and obtaining a second light intensity value detected by an image capturing device in the terminal equipment; according to a preset corresponding relationship between the light intensity value of the image capturing device and the standard light intensity value of the environmental light sensor, determining the standard light intensity value corresponding to said second light intensity value; according to said first light intensity value and said standard light intensity value, obtaining a calibration parameter of said environmental light sensor; when the light-emitting device in the terminal equipment needs to be controlled, obtaining a detection value of the light intensity detected by the environmental light sensor; according to said detection value of the light intensity and said calibration parameter, controlling the light-emitting device in the terminal equipment. This invention can improve efficiency of the management for the light-emitting device.


............................................................................................................................. v TABLE OF CONTENTS ....................................................................................................... vi LIST OF TABLES .................................................................................................................. ix LIST OF FIGURES ................................................................................................................. x ABBREVIATIONS AND ACRONYMS ............................................................................... xi CHAPTER ONE ......................................................................................................................


Bulbophyllum medioximum is reported as a new addition to the orchid flora of India along with two new records for the state of Arunachal Pradesh, namely, Herminium macrophyllum and H. edgeworthii.  A detailed description supported by the photo plates and updated distribution ranges have been provided.


Lost circulation is a recurring and costly challenge for the oil and gas industry. Losses range from seepage to total and financial effects, including nonproductive time and remedial operational expenses, which can increase potential risks to the operator. To address this issue, a tunable cement-based lost circulation treatment solution has been developed that is most suitable for partial to total losses, particularly when particulate-based solutions are not effective; the solution is primarily intended to cure losses while drilling. Unlike conventional lost circulation materials (LCMs) that cure losses by mechanical bridging of particles, the thixotropic cement solution's effectiveness arises from its unique chemical composition, which is ideal when flow paths are too large to be plugged by particles.
 The new lost circulation treatment solution is thixotropic with a density range of 10 to 15 lbm/gal working in temperatures up to 250°F. The formulation can be mixed with fresh water, seawater, or seawater with up to 14% NaCl. It is designed and tested in accordance with API RP 10B2 (2013) procedures for thickening time (TT), compressive strength, static gel strength, fluid loss, and rheology. During the TT on-off-on test, the formulation builds gel strength when shear is reduced and regains fluidity when shear is reapplied.
 The formulation developed rapid static gel strength and an early compressive strength up to 500 psi. The reversible gelation behavior is demonstrated through multiple shear on-off cycles. This solution is operationally convenient to apply because it can be pumped through the bottomhole assembly (BHA), thus reducing trip times. Because of its acid solubility, it can be used across production zones.
 The unique properties of gaining rapid gel strength reversibly and a good compressive strength render this solution effective for treating a wide range of lost circulation events during drilling. A wider density window might minimize the potential risk of inflow when treating losses.


Since the first acceptance sampling plans have been developed 80 years ago, a number of selection principles have emerged. The majority of these principles are characterised by the fact that they look upon producer and consumer as two opposing parties. However, in many occasions, e.g., in final inspection, producer and consumer represent the same party and, therefore, the used sampling plan should not make an attempt to discriminate between their interests. In this case, the interest is to avoid wrong decisions, i.e., reject product of sufficient quality and accept product of insufficient quality. Thus, the natural objective in these cases is to use overall risk for a wrong decision as optimisation criteria. Optimum result can be arrived further by the weighted Poisson distribution. In this paper, a table and procedure are given for finding the tightened-normal-tightened system involving minimum sum of producer's and consumer's risks for specified acceptable quality level and limiting quality level using the weighted Poisson distribution. This is the case with the tightened-normal-tightened system for given acceptable quality level and limiting quality level involving minimum risks using the weighted Poisson distribution.