Objectives To understand the distribution of prevalence rates of osteoporosis in the middle - aged and elderly in some parts of Huabei area in China.Methods Questionnaires were used and 918 people aged above 40 in Huabei areas in China were taken into the survey by the stratified - multi - step - cluster random sampling method. Results The total prevalence rate of osteoporosis in some parts of Huabei area was 8.2% . Of them, the prevalence rate of males was 4.4% and that of females was 10.6% ( P 0.01); There were very significant differences of osteoporosis prevalence among age groups ( P 0.01) and there were no significant differences of osteoporosis prevalence between urban and rural areas (P 0.05) . Conclusions The prevalence rates of osteoporosis wete increased with age and that of osteoporosis in females were higher than that of osteoporosis in males and were same as in urban areas and in rural areas.The further longitudinal study should be developed for the pathogenesis, prevention and treatment of osteoporosis in the middle - aged and elderly population.


Monkeys with arnygdaloid anti hippocnmpal lesions and an operated control group were found to have high savings upon retraining to transpowd stirntdi after iearning of a size discrimination. None of the gro~lp differences on the savings me~ wtre approached significance. Both amygdala and control groups, however, exhibited a disruption in performance on the first zo retraining trials, which n"as highly related to performance on a former novelty teat. It was s[lgg('sted th~t former reports of a transposition deficit after amygdalectomy may have been due to differences in r~ sponses b novel cue used in test pairs, and to relatively few test triala being given.


Three metallacryptate supramolecular assemblies have been obtained using salicylhydroxamic acid derivatives (H3L). The three ligands differ in the residue at the para position with respect to the hydroxamic function (−H, −NH2, and −(4-pyridyl)). The core of these supramolecules correspond to the formula [(MnII)2(MnIII)9(μ3-O)4(OAc)3(Shi)6]2+ (abbreviated as Mn11L6) in all three compounds. Additional acetate or hydroxide ions and DMF molecules are coordinated to the MnIII ions. With L3– = Shi3– the Mn11L6 units assemble into a nonporous structure, where the metallacryptates are linked together through NaI ions bridging between the units. Conversely, with L3– = p-aShi3– (NH2 group) and p-pyShi3– (4-pyridyl group) the units assemble in parallel chains and into a MOF-like structure, respectively. In both solids, a honeycomb porous architecture was obtained, where infinite channels run along the crystal structure. With p-aShi3–, NaI bridging ions and hydrogen bonds, provided by the presence of the amino group,...


Day hospitals are a means of treating a variety of nervous breakdowns in patients, who, while incapacitated for work, are nevertheless well enough to spend evenings and weekends at home. The development of day hospitals is claimed by Russians to have begun in that country about 1935, but the Allan Memorial Institute in Montreal led the rest of the world by opening one in 1945. By now there are about six day hospitals scattered across Canada, and in other countries, such as Great Britain and the United States, their numbers are growing quite rapidly. Day hospitals have sprung up for a variety of reasons. Pre-eminently, one of cost. Day hospitals are run at a half to one-third the charge of full-time hospitals. Also, because less elaborate equipment is needed, and existing buildings such as large houses can be converted effectively lower. Secondly, the dislocation involved in leaving one's home to become a hospital in-patient is reduced by the patient spending part of his time in the day hospital and part at home. It is ironical that psychiatrists who have for long sanctioned the seclusion of patients in large institutionalized mental hospitals should be now promoting the maintenance of continuity of everyday relationships for the sick person. But so, the pendulum swings and, I am sure, in the right direction. Naturally this continuity will tend to bring the patient's relatives into a closer liaison with the day hospital staff. This is all to the good when we recall that the patient is not an isolated individual but is very much influenced by his home relationships. This continuity of home living also enables the patient to test out new and healthier attitudes that he will learn from the day hospital staff. This can contribute to his speedier recovery, and several studies have shown that this, in fact, happens. Another factor is the public's attitude to mental illness and psychiatric hospitals. Many people see a considerable stigma in these things but have less reluctance to receive day-hospital treatment because they are still home residents. It was suggested that day hospitals would be of help in treating those patients who seek refuge in hospital and come to depend overmuch on it, so that their eventual discharge is difficult. It was thought that day hospitals would split and weaken this overdependency. But clinging vines can use anything and anyone for support, and in my experience a day hospital does not in itself "uncling


AbstractScoring multipie-choice questions according to the simple scoring systems S1 = R, where R is the number of correct answers, produces an upward bias in scores of poorer students as a result of guessing. The scoring formula conventionally used to adjust for guessing is S2 R-W/(n-1), where W is the number of wrong answers and nis the number of choices per question. However, S2 is based on the unrealistic assumption that on each question the student either knows the correct answer or guesses randomly. On the basis of a more realistic assumption an alternative scoring formula is derived, S4 = [nR + (n-1)Q - Q2/R]/2(n-1), where Q is the number of questions. Compared to S4, the conventional formula (S2) has a downward bias for Q/n < R < Q and the simple formula (S1) has a downward bias for Q/(n-2)


The mechanical properties and wear of electroplated Au–Ni coatings deposited on beryllium bronze substrates with Ni or Ni–B intermediate layers were investigated. It was revealed that the sublayer material has no significant effect on the hardness and the elastic modulus of the coatings. At the same time, the harder sublayer favors localization of plastic deformation and, thus, strain hardening of coatings in the course of tribological tests. The Ni–B sublayer was shown to provide significant wear reduction of Au–Ni coatings as compared with the Ni sublayer.


This paper aims at presenting and discussing the first findings of a research project that employs Itamar Even-Zohar's Polysystem Theory (1978; 2010) in mapping some of the contributions cinema industry has brought to the Brazilian literary system. Focusing on the editorial boom and renewal of J. R. R. Tolkien's trilogy The Lord of the Rings (1954) brought about by Peter Jackson's homonymous film versions (2001-2003), the research intends to demonstrate that adaptations of literary works to the screen may renew and enrich the original text, rearrange its role and position within both source and target literary systems by introducing it to new audiences, adapting it to new readers, performing that which Walter Benjamin (2000) conceived as translation's major role: to grant the original text "afterlife".


In sugar manufacturing the thin juice is concentrated from initial feed concentration of 15 w% to 65-70 w% through evaporation. Membrane technology can be applied to contribute in this as pre-concentration step. In the present work energy saving has been calculated for the concentration of thin sugar juice with the implementation of a newly developed multistage pressure driven membrane process that concentrate thin sugar juice from initial feed concentration of 15 w% to the 50 w%. The process is capable to remove 70 w% of the water from the thin juice without any application of heat and phase change. The final concentration is to be done in multiple effect evaporation to reach 65-70 w%. The calculation has shown that the combined multistage membrane process and evaporation not only reduces energy consumption of evaporation by 86.9 % (for increasing the concentration from 15 w% to 65 w%) but also reduces the role of multiple effect evaporation in the sugar manufacturing.


State of charge (SOC) is a vital parameter which helps make full use of battery capacity and improve battery safety control. In this paper, an improved adaptive dual unscented Kalman filter (ADUKF) algorithm is adopted to realize co‐estimation of the battery model parameters and SOC. Notably, the covariance matching method that can adapt the system noise covariance and the measurement noise covariance is used to improve the estimation accuracy. Besides, singular value decomposition (SVD) is utilized to deal with the non‐positive error covariance matrix in both unscented Kalman filters, further enhancing the stability of estimation algorithm. Verification results under Dynamic Stress test and Federal Urban Driving Schedule test indicate that improved ADUKF can achieve more accurate SOC estimates with error band controlled within 2.8%, while that of traditional dual unscented Kalman filter (DUKF) can only be controlled within 5%. Moreover, robustness analysis is also conducted and the validation results present that the proposed algorithm can still provide precise SOC prediction results under some disturbances, such as erroneous initial SOC, inaccurate battery capacity, and various ambient temperatures.


Background and Issues: The Comprehensive Stroke Center (CSC) Program Coordinator (PC) started her role at the same time as the CSC recertification application was due. The required documentation an...


The examination of causal structures is crucial for data scientists in a variety of machine learning application scenarios. In recent years, the corresponding interest in methods of causal structure learning has led to a wide spectrum of independent implementations, each having specific accuracy characteristics and introducing implementation-specific overhead in the runtime. Hence, considering a selection of algorithms or different implementations in different programming languages utilizing different hardware setups becomes a tedious manual task with high setup costs. Consequently, a tool that enables to plug in existing methods from different libraries into a single system to compare and evaluate the results is substantial support for data scientists in their research efforts. In this work, we propose an architectural blueprint of a pipeline for causal structure learning and outline our reference implementation MPCSL that addresses the requirements towards platform independence and modularity while ensuring the comparability and reproducibility of experiments. Moreover, we demonstrate the capabilities of MPCSL within a case study, where we evaluate existing implementations of the well-known PC-Algorithm concerning their runtime performance characteristics.


The author presented the upgrade process of governor at Xijin Hydropower Plant.An introduction was made on the configuration,performance features,site erection,regulating and operation of stepping dual-micro-computer governor.


We explore the possibilities of entangling two distant material qubits with the help of an optical radiation field in the regime of strong quantum electrodynamical couplingwith almost resonant interaction. For this purpose the optimum generalized field measurements are determined which are capable of preparing a two-qubit Bell state by postselection with minimum error. It is demonstrated that in the strong-coupling regime some of the recently found limitations of the nonresonant weak-coupling regime can be circumvented successfully due to characteristic quantum electrodynamical quantum interference effects. In particular, in the absence of photon loss it is possible to postselect two-qubit Bell states with fidelities close to unity by a proper choice of the relevant interaction time. Even in the presence of photon loss this strong-coupling regime offers interesting perspectives for creating spatially well-separated Bell pairs with high fidelities, high success probabilities, and high repetition rates which are relevant for future realizations of quantum repeaters.


Traditionally, mudstones are speculated to be always deposited in the still water environment. However, recent studies demonstrate the significant role of sudden events in depositing large-scale mu...


By using the basic idea of logistics and supply chain management, this paper researches on Protection & Coordination of Pharmaceutical Safety Responsibility Based on TPL. The result shows that:From the macro and micro perspectives, protection & coordination of pharmaceutical safety responsibility play an important part in guaranteeing biopharmaceutical product safety, promoting biopharmaceutical enterprises' performance,strengthening supervision on biopharmaceutical product safety and advancing the service level of government supervision, which is also of guiding significance and practice value for high efficient operation and decision of biopharmaceutical supply chain.


Injury prevention is a major goal of public health nursing practice within communities and across populations. Injuries and deaths from road crashes continue to climb across the world every year. Motorcycle riding is a popular form of road transportation and in lower and middle income countries, motorcycles constitute one of the most frequent means of transportation. However, motorcycles are less crashworthy than closed vehicles and serious injuries and deaths occur at a much higher rate. From Australia to the United States, death rates from motorcycle accidents have been reported at 30–39 times the rate for car occupants. Serious injuries associated with motorcycle crashes are even more prevalent. Operating a motorcycle requires a different set of physical and mental skills than driving a four wheel vehicle. Investigators have cited lack of experience as a potential reason for accidents. Motorcycle rider training courses are suggested as an important measure to reduce the number of crashes and the severity of injuries.


Background: This study was designed to compare the efficacy of epidural vs. intravenous administration of alfentanil for treatment of postoperative pain.


The fibroblast growth factor (FGF) family is comprised of nine members designated FGF-1-FGF-9. Acidic and basic FGF were the first two members of this family to be described that are mitogenic for a variety of cells. These growth factors are now referred to as FGF-1 and FGF-2. The keratinocyte growth factor is a recently identified member of the FGF family that is mitogenic for epithelial cells, and is referred to as FGF-7. FGFs are believed to transduce their signals to cells by specific interaction with a high affinity receptor which has intracellular tyrosine kinase domains.Four such closely related receptors have so far been identified and designated FGFR 1FGFR4. In addition, several isoforms of FGFR 1 and FGFR 2 were identified. FGFs are also known to interact with cell surface and extracellular heparan sulfate proteoglycan (HSPG), and such molecules are often referred to as the low affinity receptor. Heparin/HS in fact protect FGFs from protease digestion or heat/acid inactivation. Other studies have provided evidence that heparin/HS may serve as a cofactor to promote the binding of FGF-1,FGF-2,and FGF-4 (kaposi sarcoma FGF) to their high affinity receptors and to enhance their mitogenic activities. However, the authors in the paper introduced here demonstrate that heparin/HS inhibit FGF-7 binding to FGFR, and that heparin/HS are not required for the binding of FGF-7 to the receptor and its biological activity. FGF-7 can bind to only one of the isoforms of FGF-2, known as the FGF-7 receptor (KGFR). FGF-1 can also bind to the KGFR as efficiently as FGF-7. As a first step, they examined whether the addition of heparin affected the binding of FGF-7 to KGFR, using cells which are highly expressing KGFR. Low concentration of heparin inhibited the binding of FGF-7 to the KGFR. In contrast, similar concentration of heparin enhanced the binding of FGF-1 to the KGFR. Furthermore, treatment of the cells with sodium chlorate, which blocked sulfation of proteoglycans, reduced the binding of FGF-1 to KGFR by 80%. In contrast, the binding of FGF-7 to KGFR was enhanced about 2-fold by the same treatment. Similar results were obtained after degradation of cell-associated HS-PG by heparinase and heparitinase. Thus, heparin/ HS enhance the binding of FGF-1 to KGFR, but inhibit the binding of FGF-7 to the same receptor. The biological bases underlying the mechanism of cell 繊 維 芽細 胞 増 殖 因 子(FGF)フ ァ ミ リー に はFGF-1か らFGF-9 の九 つ の異 な る メ ンバ ーが 知 られ てい る。 この 中 で最 初 に報 告 さ


Mitigation plans to counteract overheating in urban areas need to be based on a thorough knowledge of the state of the thermal environment, most importantly on the presence of areas which consistently demonstrate higher or lower urban land surface temperatures (hereinafter referred to as "hot spots" or "cold spots", respectively). The main objective of this research study is to develop a methodological approach for the recognition of thermal "hot spots" and "cold spots" in urban areas during summer; this is accomplished with (a) the combined use of high and medium spatial resolution satellite data (Landsat 8 and Terra-MODIS, respectively); (b) the downscaling of the Terra-MODIS satellite data so as to acquire spatial resolution similar to the Landsat one and at the same time take advantage of the high revisit time as compared to the respective one of Landsat (16 days); and (c) the application of a statistical clustering technique to recognize "hot spots" and "cold spots". The methodological approach was applied as a case study for the urban area of Athens, Greece for a summer period. Results demonstrated the capacity of the methodological approach to recognize "hot spots" and "cold spots", revealed a strong relationship between land use and "hot spots" and "cold spots", and showed that the average land surface temperature (LST) difference between the "hot spots" and "cold spots" can reach 9.1 °K.


Important Findings The isolation and molecular characterization of pigeon paramyxovirus type 1 (PPMV-1) from a sick racing pigeon in Uruguay is reported for the first time. Phylogenetic analysis of the 39 region of the fusion (F) protein gene of the genome allowed the isolated virus to be grouped in the lineage VIb/4b, which suggests that it shares the same ecologic niche with other PPMV-1 that were found in the region, and it is not imported as other European or North American viruses.


Instrumental music education in Japan has long emphasized wind bands, and in recent decades, Japanese bands have achieved a level of performing excellence that arguably rivals all other nations. This case study of Japan s premier wind ensemble provides insights applicable to bands throughout the nation. The study explores the influence of the ensembles repertoire and educational activities, traces its religious origins, and examines Frederick Fennell's role as musical ambassador. The findings suggest that Japan has not only assimilated and mastered the band genre, but it has transformed the tradition. Moreover, the subculture of wind bands is argued to be a domain of internationalization that challenges Japanese notions of gender roles and ethnic identity.


The paper describes the organizational culture as part of the management system of control subject aimed at the formation and development of social capital organization, helping improve the management system. It is determined an interaction of organizational culture and social capital in the synergistic approach to management. Views of scientists on organizational culture and its relationship to social capital are systemized


Integrated information systems on urban topography, infrastructure and land cadastre, if based on numerical mapping, require horizontal control with an average of 200 m spacing of control points an...


The fragmentations of 2-halogenoalkylphosphonic acid dianions have been studied at various pH values and temperatures, and in the presence of added salts. The data obtained, together with the lack of a deuterium solvent isotope effect and the effect of alkyl substitution at the β-carbon atoms, suggest that the reaction involves a transition state resembling a dipolar ion.


I argue that a dual-aspect theory of consciousness, associated with a particular class of quantum states, can provide a consistent account of consciousness. I illustrate this with the use of coherent states as this class. The proposal meets Chalmers' requirements of allowing a structural correspondence between consciousness and its physical correlate. It provides a means for consciousness to have an effect on the world (it is not an epiphenomenon, and can thus be selected by evolution) in a way that supplements and completes conventional physics, rather than interfering with it. I draw on the work of Hameroff and Penrose to explain the consistency of this proposal with decoherence, while adding details to this work. The proposal is open to extensive further research at both theoretical and experimental levels.


Justice and healing are closely linked. A strong sense of injustice can hinder healing. In the context of Hong Kong, and likely in many other places, where the legal system is seen as the only means for achieving justice, and legal/criminal justice is upheld as the only concept of justice, many survivors of sexual violence are left with few options for healing redress. Expanding concepts of justice beyond those rooted in criminal law systems may increase the possibilities for healing. This project describes one such collective process, enabling Chinese women who have experienced sexual violence to move from single story testimonies of harm done, to double story testimonies that include the responses, skills and values of survivors. The process involved richly acknowledging the multiple injustices and effects of these injustices, developing a storyline of surviving injustices including the steps taken by women to 'break the secrecy' and 'not pursing any further' in the legal system, and creating a forum of narrative justice. It was acknowledged that justice can be achieved in multiple ways, in the social and in people's eyes and judgment, which may have historic cultural resonances.


This paper reports a secondary scan mirror for step-stare lidar applications that is single axis and operates in a non resonant mode. The mirror has a resonant frequency of 61 kHz and a diameter of 2 mm with angular scan range equivalent to 10 resolvable spots at 780 nm. Hand calculations and finite element simulations showed good correlation with experimental results. The mirror, which is 300 μm thick, achieves torsional motion through electrostatic force electrodes placed 3 µm beneath it. Simulations and measurements suggest that static and dynamic mirror deformation remains below the diffraction limit.


We address the problem of compressing genomic read data produced by modern shotgun sequencing technologies, where a reference genome, closely similar to the sequenced one, is available only at the decoder. This problem, addressed by distributed source coding techniques, requires an alignment and validation layer in the decoder. In this work, we extend a previous work, to allow a single deletion along with the previously addressed multiple substitutions. The results include a new distance for efficient alignment under deletion and substitutions, a derivation of the exact distribution of this distance on random sequences, as well as procedures to recover the read from multiple invocations of a substitutions-only decoder.


Bacause the traditional method is difficult to predict accurately the intensity values of concrete and the relationship between concrete strength and its influencing factors is highly complex nonlinear,the model based on Gaussian Process(GP)machine learning method was proposed in the prediction of the concrete intensity,which access to adaptive parameters,and was good in treating the high-dimensional nonlinear problems. The results of the experimental data study show that GP model is feasible and can forecast the concrete strength precisely and simply. GP machine learning has a good capacity for predicting the 28 d compressive strength of concrete. This has an important practical significane to improve and control the quality of concrete construction.


We propose an end-to-end pipeline, named Watch Once Only (WOO), for video action detection. Current methods either decouple video action detection task into separated stages of actor localization and action classification or train two separated models within one stage. In contrast, our approach solves the actor localization and action classification simultaneously in a unified network. The whole pipeline is significantly simplified by unifying the backbone network and eliminating many hand-crafted components. WOO takes a unified video backbone to simultaneously extract features for actor location and action classification. In addition, we introduce spatial-temporal action embeddings into our framework and design a spatial-temporal fusion module to obtain more discriminative features with richer information, which further boosts the action classification performance. Extensive experiments on AVA and JHMDB datasets show that WOO achieves state-of-the-art performance, while still reduces up to 16.7% GFLOPs compared with existing methods. We hope our work can inspire re-thinking the convention of action detection and serve as a solid baseline for end-to-end action detection. Code is available at https://github.com/ShoufaChen/WOO.


This study aims to determine the contribution of leadership, motivation and quality management system to performance of PT. PEC-Tech Services Indonesia at Pangkalan Kerinci.The method used is survey method, while the population in this study were 7(seven) department in the PT. PEC-Tech Services Indonesia that amounting to 1,523 (one thousand five hundred twenty three) ,They were Harvesting Department (445 people), Log Transport Department (346 people), Heavy Equipment Department (81 people), Woodyard Department (89 people), Crane Department (88 people), Workshop Department (388 people) and Supporting Department (86 People). Relatively number of relatively large population, the sample set as many as 94 people of population by10% precision and confidence90% level. Hypothesis testing is done using path analysis and to explain the relationship variables were analyzed using SPSS 17.0 statistical test program for windows.The results showed that simultaneous variable of leadership and motivation significantly influence the quality management system and performance in PT. PEC-Tech Service Indonesia at Pangkalan Kerinci. This is evidence by their significant value less than 0.05 (α = 5%). This means the study received the hypothesis that leadership and motivation also affect the performance through quality management system implementation in PT. PEC-Tech Services Indonesia at Pangkalan Kerinci. Keyword: Leadership, Motivation, Quality Management System, Performance.


The paper presents a survey of methods solving the actual task of aspect-based sentiment analysis. Solutions for this task were proposed at multiple natural language processing conferences. Organizers of these conferences proposed evaluation platforms for methods for aspect-based sentiment analysis. This paper describes methods proposed by participants of two international evaluation platforms: SemEval-2015 focusing on English texts and SentiRuEval-2015 focusing on Russian texts.


Sharing of assets on the cloud can be accomplished on a huge scale since it is savvy and area free. Regardless of the publicity encompassing distributed computing, associations are as yet hesitant to send their organizations in the distributed computing condition because of worries in secure asset sharing. In this paper, we propose a cloud asset intervention benefit offered by cloud specialist co-ops, which assumes the part of confided in outsider among its distinctive occupants. This paper formally determines the asset sharing system between two unique occupants within the sight of our proposed cloud asset intervention benefit. The rightness of authorization enactment and assignment component among various occupants utilizing four unmistakable calculations (Activation, Delegation, Forward Revocation and Backward Revocation) is likewise exhibited utilizing formal confirmation. The execution examination recommends that sharing of assets can be performed safely and productively crosswise over various inhabitants of the cloud.


In this work we present an analysis of phase singularities in Laguerre-Gaussian beams. The cases to be analyzed are static and dynamic singularities. We consider the composition of canonical and kinetic currents around the singularities and velocities on each momentum state. We compare the behavior of time-dependent and stationary systems. We obtain the topological charge numbers that characterize the rotation of currents around the singularities. Finally, we present some analytical and numerical results to illustrate our model.


Objectives. To study people s understanding of, and attitudes towards, self medication, with a special focus on the general practitioner s (GPs) role.Methods. We conducted a telephone survey, based on random-digit dialing and a bithday-method to select members at households. Complete data were obtained from 431 adults (59% response rate) in Germany.Results. More than 80% (349/431) of the respondents had practised self medication to date, 35% within the last four weeks. Fewer persons with chronic disease used non-prescription drugs (79%) than others (83%). Analgetics (acetylsalicylacid [31%] and paracetamol [13%]) were used by many respondents; headache (37%) and flu (26%) were the reasons for self medication cited by most patients. The pharmacist and the media were the most often used source of information about self medication. GPs were only asked by 16% of the respondents. Sixty percent agreed that self medication supports autonomy, but about half of the respondents (216/431) felt uncertain about its adequate use; 80% had the feeling that serious diseases could be overlooked. Only 10% had talked with their GP about self medication in the last 12 months. Seventy percent considered such a conversation superfluous, but 82% would not feel bothered if their doctors ask about self medication. Respondents were more likely to use self medication if their doctor had previously recommended a drug (Odds Ratio [OR]: 4.0; 95% confidence interval: 1.1 11.5). Uncertainty in self medication was reported more often by people who thought that their doctor does not like self medication (OR: 2.3; 1.5 3.5) and who have a lower education (OR: 2.2; 1.4 3.5).Conclusion. Self medication becomes more and more a relevant component of the medical supply of the population. Many people reported a fear of side effects and worries about the adequate use of self medication. GPs could support these persons by properly informing them about, and expressing a positive attitude towards, self medication. The majority of respondents would not feel bothered and controlled in their health behaviour should GPs take a more active role in the process of self medication.


Increasing life expectancy and the growing number of chronic diseases have changed the kind of patients who need to be assisted. This paper presents a qualitative study conducted with a group of nursing students near graduation, aimed at describing and discussing vocational preferences and desirable healthcare settings for future employment.


The explosion causes of the wall tubes of 75t/h oil combustion boilers were proposed with analyses of the microstructure, chemical composition, and corrosion products.


Objective Analyse about the effect , application and the contraindication of GnRH-a agonist therapy before laparoscopic hysteromyomectomy. Methods A retrospective study of laparoscopic hysteromyomectomy of the leiomyoma is longer than 5 cm. Of them 28 cases given GnRH-a (investigation group), 36 cases without any disposal (comparison group), compare the operation time, bleeding quantity and the operation syndrome of the 2 groups. Results ①In the investigation group, every case includes 1 -2 leiomyoma, aggregately 32 leiomyoma was excised. Without any drug diameter of the average leiomyoma is 6. 5 cm, after the resection the diameter of the average leiomyoma is 3. 2 cm; in the comparison group, every case 1 - 3 leiomyoma. Without any drug diameter of the average leiomyoma is 5. 9 cm, after the resection the average diameter of the leiomyoma is 5. 7 cm. Before the operation there's no notable difference between the 2 groups of the diameter(P0. 05). After the operation, the diameter of the investigation group is remarkably shorten. There's notable difference (P 0. 01). ② In the investigation group, there are 9 cases were sewed up, operation time is (45±18) minutes and average bleeding quantity is (60 ± 25) ml. In the comparison group, there are 12 cases were sewed up, operation time is (92±32) minutes and average bleeding quantity is (110 ± 105) ml. The operation time and the bleeding quantity of the investigation group is remarkably reduced (P0. 01, P 0. 05).③ the investigation group and the comparison group treatment time is separately 4. 2 and 4. 8 days. 2 months after the operation, the sufferers of 2 groups both mended. 1 case of the investigation group was resected with celioscope again in 1+ year. Conclusion Applying GnRH-a 3 months before the operation to those bigger leiomyoma can remarkably reduce the volume of the leiomyoma, operation time and bleeding quantity.


Kahn (1974, 1977) defined a formal model for networks of processes that communicate through channels carrying streams of data tokens. His mathematical results show the necessary conditions for an implementation to be determinate, that is, for the results of the computation to be identical whether the processes are executed sequentially, concurrently, or in parallel. In our Java implementation channels enforce blocking reads and each process has its own thread in order to ensure determinacy and avoid deadlock. The network connections required to maintain the communication channels between processes executing on separate servers are automatically established when parts of the program graph are distributed to other servers by Java object serialization. Our Java implementation of process networks is suitable for execution on a single computer, a cluster of servers on a high-speed LAN, or geographically dispersed servers on the Internet.


Low-mass "dwarf" galaxies represent the most significant challenges to the cold dark matter (CDM) model of cosmological structure formation. Because these faint galaxies are (best) observed within the Local Group (LG) of the Milky Way (MW) and Andromeda (M31), understanding their formation in such an environment is critical. We present first results from the Latte Project: the Milky Way on Feedback in Realistic Environments (FIRE). This simulation models the formation of an MW-mass galaxy to z = 0 within ΛCDM cosmology, including dark matter, gas, and stars at unprecedented resolution: baryon particle mass of 7070 M ⊙ with gas kernel/softening that adapts down to 1 pc (with a median of 25 – 60 pc at z = 0 ). Latte was simulated using the GIZMO code with a mesh-free method for accurate hydrodynamics and the FIRE-2 model for star formation and explicit feedback within a multi-phase interstellar medium. For the first time, Latte self-consistently resolves the spatial scales corresponding to half-light radii of dwarf galaxies that form around an MW-mass host down to M star ≳ 10 5 M ⊙ . Latte's population of dwarf galaxies agrees with the LG across a broad range of properties: (1) distributions of stellar masses and stellar velocity dispersions (dynamical masses), including their joint relation; (2) the mass–metallicity relation; and (3) diverse range of star formation histories, including their mass dependence. Thus, Latte produces a realistic population of dwarf galaxies at M star ≳ 10 5 M ⊙ that does not suffer from the "missing satellites" or "too big to fail" problems of small-scale structure formation. We conclude that baryonic physics can reconcile observed dwarf galaxies with standard ΛCDM cosmology.


The invention relates to a gaseous composition containing xenon as active ingredient for use in preventing or limiting tumour cell migration and/or limiting or preventing metastasis formation in an individual suffering from cancer. The prevention or limitation of tumour cell migration is obtained through the action of the xenon on free cancer cells. The xenon acts on the free cancer cells carried by the blood. The effective volume proportion of xenon is between 5% and 79%, it is preferably at least 50%. The gaseous composition also contains a volume proportion of oxygen (O2) of at least 21%. It is administered by inhalation or insufflation.


A 30 year old man admitted with the complaints of generalized convulsions, headache and amnesia. The radiological and neuro-pathological findings were interhemispheric epidermoid tumor, which is a rare location. The tumor was removed completely. The diagnosis and management of epidermoid tumors are discussed by reviewing the literature. Pulse Vol.7 January-December 2014 p.46-49


Abstract : This bibliography has been assembled as an aid to those who are interested in research, engineering, and development pertaining to vertical flight aircraft (including helicopters, tiltrotor, and tiltwing vehicles) and their integration into the National Airspace System (NAS). The intended audience includes people within the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA), in industry, and in state and local governments Reports in this bibliography are documents specifically related, in whole or in pan to vertical flight aircraft and the infrastructure that supports their operation in the National Airspace System (NAS). These documents have generally been sponsored or authored by the research, engineering, and development elements of the FAA. This is the eighth and probably the last version of this bibliography. It addresses approximately 440 reports published from 1962 to 2001.


OBJECTIVE
To evaluate the effectiveness and safety of the rehabilitation glove (RG) with virtual reality (VR) and biofeedback (BFB) on recovery of the hand function in patients during the late recovery period after first hemispheric ischemic stroke (IS).

MATERIAL AND METHODS
The study was randomized and controlled. One hundred and six patients (age 58.8±4.3 years, time after stroke onset - 8.7±2.1 months) were included in the final analysis. The intervention group (n=56) received rehabilitation with RG and VR. The control group (n=50) received individualized physical therapy. The primary end points were a change in the Fugl-Meyer scale score (FMA-UE), in the Action Research Arm Test (ARAT), and in the nine holes peg test (NHPT). Secondary end points included changes in MRCS, MAS, MoCA, HADS, modified Barthel index (MBI) and quality of life (EQ-5D-5L).

RESULTS
Improvement of the motor function in the intervention group on FMA-UE scale (an increase of ≥7 points in sections A-D) was observed in 46.4% of patients, on ARAT (an increase of ≥5 points) in 53.6% of patients. There was a significant decrease in time from 36.8±6.3 sec. to 22.0±3.9 sec. on NHPT. A negative correlation was observed between the average ARAT score and anxiety (r=-0.7; p<0.05) and depression (r=-0.67; p<0.05). There was also a significant increase in EQ-5D-5L (VAS) by the end of rehabilitation in both groups with better scores in the intervention group (p=0.03).

CONCLUSION
Rehabilitation based on VR, RG, and BFB is effective in the rehabilitation of dexterous hand function in patients with first hemispheric IS.


One prominent feature of Islamic revivalism on the part of women in Thailand is Muslim women's active participation in the debate about veiling. In Thailand, practice of voluntary veiling as an expression of commitment to Islamic values emerged among the cohort of women who took their undergraduate education both in Thailand and Malaysia in the 1970s and 1980s. It should be apparent that the hijab movement in Thailand provided a space that was conducive to the emergence of Muslim women's movements calling for religious freedom. This chapter analyses Muslim women's interpretations of Islam and gender, which have moved toward positions taken by a neo-orthodox Islamic group in Bangkok during the 2000s. The position of Muslims in Thailand is due to the continuity of their communal identity and their role in Thai society. The general idea held by Thai society about Muslim women was that they are subject to male dominance. Keywords:Hijab Movement; muslim women; neo-orthodox Islamic women; religious piety; Thailand


This article discusses the issue of determining the level of environmental basic knowledge of students as the basis of environmental competence at the stage of higher education. It is obvious that people who already have a certain level of environmental knowledge and skills, with their own environmental thinking, come to get higher education. Thus, it is very important to determine the real level of environmental competence of students at the beginning of their professional training in higher education. The authors of the article conducted an oral survey to analyze the attitude of 1st-year students of a technical university to environmental education by means of a foreign language, then students were offered testing to determine their level of basic environmental knowledge, and completed the study with another oral survey of students to identify readiness to receive environmental knowledge in a foreign language. The conducted experiment showed an average level of background environmental knowledge, but at the same time demonstrated the interest of the subjects in studying environmental fundamentals by means of a foreign language. The need for environmentally competent highly qualified specialists poses one of the main tasks for the higher technical school — the training of engineers with good environmental knowledge. The authors propose to improve environmental competence through the introduction of an integrated educational and methodological complex "Ecology-English" by means of a foreign language.


The relatively low levels of ideal and ultimately intended family size manifested in some European countries (Goldstein et al. 2003; Testa, 2006) inspired a careful analysis of the childless preference in Europe based on the Eurobarometer surveys in 2001 and 2006. The aim of the current paper is to investigate the childlessness ideal, or the intention to stay without children, and their contribution to the current levels of ideal and intended fertility in Europe. The analysis is complemented by a comparison between childless women and women with children in respect to two relevant aspects related to childbearing and childrearing: the circumstances perceived as most important in the fertility decisions and the opinion on gender roles in family life. Findings show that young Austrian women hold the record for the lowest fertility ideals and intentions, which are on average definitely below replacement levels. Austria is also the country with the largest diffusion of the childless preference. However, the childless option only plays a secondary role in explaining the cross-national differences and childlessness – although quite high in some countries – is still very rare as an enduring or a lifetime choice. Interestingly, childless women are not significantly different from women with children in their opinion on the relevant childbearing decision-making factors and do not show different views on issues related to gender roles in family life.


Human development takes place in the context of relationships with others.These relationships are thought to influence individuals' behavior and developmental course (Reis, Collins, & Berscheid, 2000). Parent–child relationshipsare among the most important and central of human relationships, especiallyduring the period of childhood and adolescence. Parents are an importantsource of support, although the relative impact of parental support may changeover the life course. Perceived parental support concerns the perception ofparents as available for support when needed. In the current chapter we willexamine how parental support is related to adolescent adjustment over time.


This paper presents the design and construction of a large-scale target-based sentiment annotation corpus on Chinese financial news text. Different from the most existing paragraph/document-based annotation corpus, in this study, target-based fine-grained sentiment annotation is performed. The companies, brands and other financial entities are regarded as the targets. The clause reflecting the profitability, loss or other business status of financial entities is regarded as the sentiment expression for determining the polarity. Based on high quality annotation guideline and effective quality control strategy, a corpus with 8,314 target-level sentiment annotation is constructed on 6,336 paragraphs from Chinese financial news text. Based on this corpus, several state-of-the-art sentiment analysis models are evaluated.


The main bridge of the Jiubao Bridge is a 3-span continuous composite tied arch bridge.Structurally novel,the main girder of the bridge makes use of the steel and concrete composite girder while the arches employ the outward inclined steel box arch ribs as main arches,the spatially curved steel box arch ribs as subsidiary arches and the structure of the bridge therefore manifests the complex spatial mechanical behavior.To have a detailed understanding of the mechanical behavior of the bridge,the finite element method is used to calculate the mechanical behavior of the bridge under different load cases and to reveal the mechanical behavior of different components of the composite arch bridge.From the analysis of the calculation,it is concluded that the global mechanical behavior of the bridge will be good,provided that the rational construction sequences should be followed,however,the stress distribution in the joints among the arches and girder is complex,to which sufficient attention should be paid.


It is well-known that a magnetic field in a fermion system breaks the SO(3) symmetry, giving rise to an anisotropy in the energy-momentum tensor and consequently in the equation of state (EoS). Thus, the stellar structure equations of magnetized quark stars (QS) demand to be derived from a more appropriate cylindrical metric. In this work we obtain these equations considering the magnetized quark matter in two phases: Magnetized Strange Quark Matter (MSQM) and Magnetized Color Flavor Locked Phase (MCFL). The main outcome of our work is the value of the maximum magnetic field that an star can hold, i.e. 1018 G. This upper bound is closely related to the violation of the virial relations and also with the instability associated with parity-violation weak processes during the collapse of supernovae. (© 2015 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)


Abstract Background Intracellular tenofovir diphosphate (TFV-DP) concentration in dried blood spots (DBSs) is used to monitor cumulative pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) adherence. We evaluated TFV-DP in DBSs following daily oral PrEP (emtricitabine 200 mg/tenofovir diphosphate 300 mg) among pregnant and postpartum adolescent girls and young women (AGYW). Methods Directly observed PrEP was administered for 12 weeks in a pregnancy (14–24 weeks' gestation, n = 20) and postpartum (6–12 weeks postpartum, n = 20) group of AGYW aged 16–24 years in sub-Saharan Africa. Weekly DBS TFV-DP was measured by validated liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry assay. Week 12 TFV-DP distributions were compared between groups with Wilcoxon test. Population pharmacokinetic models were fit to estimate steady-state concentrations and create benchmarks for adherence categories. Baseline correlates of TFV-DP were evaluated. Results Median age was 20 (IQR, 19–22) years. Of 3360 doses, 3352 (>99%) were directly observed. TFV-DP median (IQR) half-life was 10 (7–12) days in pregnancy and 17 (14–21) days postpartum, with steady state achieved by 5 and 8 weeks, respectively. Observed median (IQR) steady-state TFV-DP was 965 fmol/punch (691–1166) in pregnancy versus 1406 fmol/punch (1053–1859) postpartum (P = .006). Modeled median steady-state TFV-DP was 881 fmol/punch (667–1105) in pregnancy versus 1438 fmol/punch (1178–1919) postpartum. In pooled analysis, baseline creatinine clearance was associated with observed TFV-DP concentrations. Conclusions TFV-DP in African AGYW was approximately one-third lower in pregnancy than postpartum. These Population-specific benchmarks can be used to guide PrEP adherence support in pregnant/postpartum African women. Clinical Trials Registration NCT03386578


CIPS is a shift in the axial power towards the bottom half of the core, also known as axial offset anomaly (AOA), which results from the deposited of corrosion products during an operation. The main reason of CIPS is the solute particles especially boron compounds concentrated inside the porous deposit. The impact of CIPS is that the axial power distribution control may be more difficult and the shutdown margin can be decreased simultaneously. Besides, it also requires estimated critical condition (ECC) calculations to account for the effects of AOA. In this article, thermal-hydraulic subchannel code and boron deposit model have been combined to analyze the CIPS risk. The neutronics codes deal with the generation of homogenized neutron cross section as well as the calculation of local power factor. A simple rod assembly is analyzed with this combined method and simulation results are presented. Simulation results provide the boron hideout amount inside crud deposits and power shapes. The obtained results clearly show the power shape suppression in regions where crud deposits exist, which is a clear indication of CIPS phenomenon. And the CIPS effects on CHF have also been investigated. Result shows a margin of DNBR decrease in the crud case.


Appearance is excellent in the polarizing film that can contribute to the improvement of the display characteristics of the image display apparatus is provided. It is composed of a polyvinyl alcohol-based resin film containing iodine polarizing film of the present invention, the at least one polyvinyl alcohol-based resin film of the surface side of the layer is reduced to iodide.


In order to meet the real-time requirement of emergency call center,a method is presented to cache the client commonly used data in the local,and real-time synchronize data with the server.At the same time,the use of double-buffering technology separates the local read and write operation objects.Read and write operations operate respective operation objects,makes the read and write operations completely independent,so that all the read operation can be executed in parallel,and the read and write operations can not influence each other: Experiments show that,the method can well resolve the problems caused by sharing a large quantity of data,like the low efficiency of emergency call center,user interface stop respond,local data is not updated in time and easily to deadlock and so on.


Objective To study the time-density curve(TDC) from multi-slice spiral CT(MSCT) in evaluating the hemodynamic changes of hepatic VX2 tumor after portal vein occlusion in rabbits.Methods Forty New Zealand white rabbits were randomly divided into four groups with 10 in each group,including group A: portal vein occlusion and simultaneously hepatic VX2 tumor implantation;group B: hepatic VX2 tumor implantation for 3 weeks,then performing portal vein occlusion;group C as negative control: sham occlusion and implantation;group D as positive control: only hepatic VX2 implantation without portal vein occlusion.Occlusion was performed as portal branch ligation(PBL) of the left external branch of portal vein and the implantation as VX2 tumor tissue into the left external lobe.MSCT perfusion scan were performed respectively on all rabbits,and the TDCs from regions of interest drawn over the abdominal aorta,portal vein,liver parenchyma and hepatic tumor were obtained and analyzed.Results MSCT perfusion scan was completed successfully in all rabbits.The TDCs of the abdominal aorta and portal vein showed rapid rise and drop,fast rise and drop,respectively.The TDCs of liver parenchyma in group C showed slow up and down,while the enhancement of liver parenchyma of the left external lobe in group A was slight and washed out quickly.In group D,the hepatic tumor enhanced intensely and washed out quickly,while the TDCs of the hepatic tumor in group B showed rapid rise and drop.Conclusion TDCs can directly reflect the characteristics of blood flow of hepatic VX2 tumor after portal vein occlusion in rabbits.


The legal profession plays a crucial role in upholding justice and maintaining public order. It is the responsibility of legal professionals, including the police, to carry out their duties with integrity and high ethical standards. The code of ethics for the legal profession sets out the expected standards of behavior for its members. However, in practice, police officers often violate these ethical guidelines. In this paper, the author employs the normative legal research method, which examines legal rules from a vertical or horizontal perspective. The normative legal research method utilized in this paper adopts a normative juridical approach, focusing on the relevant laws and regulations. To address violations of the code of ethics by the police, the Professional and Security Division of the Indonesian National Police (referred to as Propam Polri) has established social media platforms for citizens to report complaints. As discussed earlier, citizens are required to submit a documented report when filing complaints. Effective complaint handling mechanisms are vital in addressing violations of the legal profession's code of ethics on social media. It is important to have clear internal policies, secure channels for lodging complaints, independent investigations, appropriate sanctions, and procedures for improvement and ongoing monitoring. By implementing such mechanisms, legal practitioners can uphold the integrity and ethical standards of their profession in their use of social media. Furthermore, appropriate consequences can be applied for any violations of the code of ethics that occur.


The drawbacks of localization algorithm for stationary or slow speed target in WSN were discussed,and new algorithm based on precise propagation time delay measurement was introduced.Mechanisms for time sampling and TOA measuring procedure were described in detail,which made the measurement error equivalent to CPU instruction cycle.The effect of NLoS was considered in location calculation procedure,which led to the adoption of variance weight method.Through simulation,the localization precision can reach 10m in LoS environment and 20m for NLoS.


Objective: A study for validation of reported wound healing property of fresh extract of succulent leaves of Mikania scandens (L.) Willd. was performed along with contemporary solvent extracts made from dry leaves of the plant, as the rural and ethnic people use the plant in this form. Methods: The reported wound healing activity of the plant was studied in a novel way. For antimicrobial activity study, extract of succulent leaves was studied along with conventional methanolic and aqueous extracts of the dry leaves of the plant. The extracts were tested on Escherichia coli , Salmonella enteritidis and Staphylococcus aureus and the antimicrobial activity was tested both by conventional single disc diffusion method and a novel Spectrophotometric method.  The wound healing and haemostatic activity were tested on induced punch wound of rabbit. Qualitative analysis for identification of phytochemicals present in the succulent leave extract was also performed. Results: The succulent leave extract showed better antimicrobial activity against Salmonella enteritidis and Escherichia coli than methanolic extract, but showed lower activity against Staphylococcus aureus in disc diffusion and showed activity at 33% concentration against all the tested microorganisms in spectrophotometry. The methanolic extract of 5 mg/ml concentration failed to show any effect and the higher concentration of it as well as the fresh leave extract above 33% concentration could not be evaluated due to presence of color materials. The succulent leave extract showed better wound healing potential than methanolic extract on rabbit wound. It took 25 seconds for haemostasis in 8 mm punch wound of rabbit. The fresh extract contains Alkaloid, Carbohydrate, Glycoside, Saponin, Protein and Amino Acid and also Phenolic Compound. Conclusion: It was found that the fresh extract of the succulent leaves of Mikania scandens (L.) Willd. plant is having better antimicrobial activity and wound healing potential than methanolic extract on rabbit wound. The fresh extract can be used as haemostatic agent also.


The nucleophilic reaction of 1H-triazole derivatives with piperidines under basic conditions is the
essential step in the synthesis of a new series of dibenzyl N(2)-C-linked triazolyl piperidines. The
triazole derivative was synthesized via the CuAAc reaction of 1-phenylprop-2-yn-1-ol (1a-b) with
azidomethyl pivalate. Compound 3a-b underwent dehydroxylation and deprotection reactions using
TFA, triethyl silane and 1 M NaOH respectively, yielding monobenzyl 1H-1,2,3-triazole (4a-b). The
N(2)-piperidinyltriazoles (6a-j) were synthesized in significant amounts by nucleophilically reacting
1H-triazole derivatives (4a-b) with 4-mesyl-1-boc-piperidine (5) under basic conditions using sodium
hydride, which further on acidic deprotection followed by benzylation reaction furnished dibenzyl
N(2)-C-linked triazolyl piperidines (9a-j).


PURPOSE: A game result prediction event service is provided to maximize a reality sensation of user and an interest element of game. CONSTITUTION: An online game which is same with a real game is generated in a server. The server receives winner team prediction data of a real game from a user who manipulates a client(S10). In case the user wins in the online game according to the winner team prediction data, the server activates a window to which at least one of the score of the real game and a first score-earning player is predicted and is inputted(S40). The server receives at least one of the score of the real game and the first score-earning player and performs a reward which provides a determined dividend rate according to a winning probability of a team which is selected by the user in case at least one of the winning team prediction data, the score, and the first score-earning player coincides with the result of the real game(S60). [Reference numerals] (AA) Start; (BB) End; (S10) Predict a team to be a winner; (S20) Progress a game so that the team can win; (S30) Win the game?; (S40) Predict the score of the real game and a first score-earning player; (S50) Is there not a prediction data change; (S60) Compensate after determination by comparing a corresponding game result with the prediction data; (S70) Is the event finished


We continuously form perceptual beliefs about the world based on how things appear to us in our perceptual experiences. I see that the ripe tomato in front of me is red and I form the belief that this tomato is red based on my seeing it, i.e. based on my veridical perceptual experience of this red tomato. Perceptual experiences and beliefs are representational mental states. Both are defined not by what they are, i.e. their physical properties, but by what they are about, what they represent, by their content. The content of both perceptual experiences and beliefs is specified by how the world must be for them to represent things correctly; it is specified by stating the conditions under which they would be true.


Distributed Micro sensor networks are emerging as a compelling new hardware platform for remote environment monitoring. A distributed micro sensor network consists of many small expendable and battery powered wireless nodes. When the nodes are deployed they collect the data from the environment and sent to cluster head node and in turn to base station. The  Amps (Micro domain power aware sensors) use the enabling technologies for distributed micro sensor networks. An essential component of power aware systems are the ability to make intelligent trade-offs between energy and quality and energy scalability in micro sensor networks. A Variable Voltage Microprocessor can reduce the energy consumed during low workload periods through dynamic voltage scaling. Dynamic voltage scaling is the active adjustment of supply voltage and frequency in response to fluctuations of processor utilization. In this paper it is demonstrated on SA-1100 processor and converter circuit of A/D – D/A and programmable logic controller with Buck voltage regulator circuit. The controller is programmed with 4-bit value to regulate one of 32 voltages between 0.9 and 2.6 volts. A programmable logic in the controller controls the digital input and prevents voltage delivering beyond 2.6 volts. We have proposed our approach and simulated each circuit individually and waveforms are presented.


Incorporating with Mg-Al phase diagram,the effects of solid solution treatment for different time-periods on mechanical properties of magnesium alloy AZ91D,and the variation of its microstructure and properties after aging treatment were investigated.With the extension of solid solution treatment time,β-phase in AZ91D decomposed gradually and dissolved in α-phase.After 5 h solid solution treatment,the β-phase decomposed completely.Continue to extend the treatment time,the alloying elements in the alloy approached to a uniform state because of the proliferation mechanism.The study found that AZ91D magnesium alloy treated with 415 ℃ × 10 h and 415 ℃ × 24 h solid solution treatment exhibited the best mechanical properties,and after aging treatment,these two groups had the best performance,too.


Report of one case of a woman aged 29 years with a severe cyanotic congenital heart disease complicated by brain abscess. The diagnosis of left juxtaposition of the atria combined with dextroversion, a d-transposition of the large vessels and a vestricular septal defect was done pre-operatively. An attempt at a Rastelli's operation was followed by immediate death. The post-mortem examination confirmed the pre-operative diagnosis and demonstrated besides a double conus and a pulmonary atresia. The juxtaposition of the atria was underlined.


In clinical development of a test treatment, clinical trials are usually conducted to collect data for evaluation of safety and efficacy of the test treatment under investigation. To provide accurate and reliable assessment, well-controlled clinical trials under valid study designs are necessarily conducted. The clinical trial process is lengthy and costly, consisting of protocol development, trial conduct, data collection, statistical analysis and interpretation, and reporting. In practice, some controversial issues are commonly encountered regardless of compliance with good clinical practice. These issues include, but are not limited to, statistical hypotheses for clinical evaluation, instability of classical sample size calculation, integrity of blinding, clinical strategy for endpoint selection, impact of protocol amendments, flexibility and feasibility of adaptive design methods, multiplicity in clinical trials, and independence of data monitoring committees. In this article, these issues are briefly outlined. The impact of these issues on the evaluation of the safety and efficacy of the test treatment under investigation is assessed and discussed with examples whenever applicable. Recommendations regarding possible resolutions of these issues are also provided whenever possible.


EVALUATION OF DROPLETS DEPOSITION SPRAYED BY DIFFERENT NOZZLES IN THE DRY BEANS AND MAIZE CROPS Two experiments were carried out in 1998 in order to evaluate the number of droplets/cm 2 (droplets deposition) sprayed by nozzle types (110 o -SF-01, 110 o -SF-02, D2-23 and D3-25). Four nozzle types, two positions (between rows and in the row) and three collecting heights (plant's height, half plant's height and soil's height) were evaluated. In the first experiment, using maize, it was observed that the 110 o -SF-01 nozzle showed a larger number of droplets deposition than the others; and the deposition was larger between rows than in the row. In the second experiment, using beans, there were only differences between the 110 o -SF-02 and D3-25 nozzles only.


In a high temperature gas-cooled reactor core consisting of prismatic blocks, leakage flows of the coolant gas occur at the gaps between blocks. Since the leakage flows reduce the effective flow rate in coolant channels, it is important to regulate the coolant flows in a reactor core. In particular, it is necessary to seal the gap between the core support blocks. The seal mechanism, in which the graphite seal elements are installed to cover the gaps between core support blocks, has been devised in the design of the very high temperature gas-cooled reactor. It is estimated that the nonuniform deformation of the core Support structure due to the temperature gradient leads to the creation of the level difference between core support blocks and thus to the malfunction of the seal mechanism. Here, air flow experiments using the models of the core support blocks have been carried out to study the leakage flow characteristics of this seal mechanism under various configurations of the blocks and the seal elements...


Objectives: The authors systematically reviewed the outcomes and methodological quality of 24 Internet addiction (IA) treatment outcome studies in China. Method: The authors used 15 attributes from the quality of evidence scores to evaluate 24 outcome studies. These studies came from both English and Chinese academic databases from 2000 to 2010. Results: Among the 15 attributes, only sequence generation and intention-to-treat were reported by more than 50% of the 24 studies. None of the studies contained treatment adherence ratings or collateral reports. Cognitive behavior therapy combined with family therapy or group therapy emerged as possibly efficacious treatments. Conclusions: More rigorously designed studies, accompanied by transparent reporting of methods and findings are needed to identify promising IA treatments.


Disclosed is the flash memory device capable of repairing the word line. Fail word lines are repaired using redundancy cells for repairing bit lines by combining X/Y addresses, whereby repair in the direction of the bit line as well as repair in the direction of the word line is made possible. Therefore, it is possible to prevent degradation in the yield and improve reliability of the device.


Preface I warmly welcome you to The Second International Conference on Technology and Vocational Teachers (ICTVT), Yogyakarta, 15 November 2018. It's a great pleasure on behalf of ICTVT commitee to have you today to participate and to share your studies, ideas, knowledge and experience in this conference. Through ICTVT 2018, we would like to engage with all of you in an open and constructive dialogue about Innovation and Development of Technology for Vocational Education. The recent trend of automation and data exchange in manufacturing technologies, or Industry 4.0, assists companies to identify and implement Industry 4.0 scenarios, such as Interoperability, Information Transparency, Technical Assistance, and Decentralized Decisions. This new industry era needs some development and innovation for several related fields. Innovation and development of industry 4.0 stimulate and demand the development of education, especially vocational education. Therefore, this conference aims to explore the role and potential of technology for vocational education as the backbone of the industry era 4.0.


To start at the end—which is generally the direction from which James Watt is approached—Ben Marsden's defining final chapter, marked by a skillful turn of phrase, considers the inventor's reinvention as a genius and eponymous unit of power. The spin doctors were at work on his image, romanticizing and canonizing, even before Watt's death in 1819, and partly at his own instigation. Faced with versions of his life and achievements that awarded what he considered undue credit to the work of others (but seem in fact to have been sensibly balanced), Watt produced his own account of events, one of questionable accuracy. The culture that shaped Watt, and the culture he came to shape, is a central preoccupation of this neat book titled Watt's Perfect Engine. The innovator-turned-draconian-patentee, whose defense of his own rights stifles innovation, is another of Marsden's recurring themes. Watt is exposed as not above a little piracy of his own: in his Glasgow years he apparently produced musical instruments with fake Parisian labels to maximize their sale value. Marsden describes the breadth of his work, in precision instruments and canal engineering—far from the "giant with one idea" which Coleridge saw in Watt's engine. He is also excellent on the social, technical, and scientific context of Watt's life, emphasizing how experiences in the University of Glasgow, contacts in the Lunar Society of Birmingham, and other colleagues—notably the "speculative innovator" John Roebuck and the engine erector William Murdock—married the scientific and technological for Watt. Marsden also sorts out issues of precedence and priority, and includes useful diagrams and simple explanations of the engines' workings. Nor are the blind alleys and failures overlooked, despite Watt's own efforts to airbrush these from the record. And yes, Watt did have "a trusty tea kettle," though he needed Joseph Black to explain to him his newly minted theory of latent heat. It was the patent of a competitor, James Pickard, that obliged Watt to think outside the box and come up with the sun-and-planet rotary motion, and then parallel motion, which he himself considered the greatest achievement of all. His partner Matthew Boulton, described here as "the big-thinking buckle-maker," handled the patents, and the two lived well off patent royalties, mainly from Cornish mines, for years before they started making complete engines in 1796. The partners' sons were at this point dispatched to become patent enforcers in Cornwall, the erstwhile collaborator John Wilkinson was recast as a pirate, and Boulton and Watt were transformed into "technological conservatives." While this is not uncommon among successful innovators, it is interesting to see how explicitly Watt admitted ceasing to attempt to invent, fearing for his fortune and reputation. MarsB O O K R E V I E W S


Abstract : This report presents the review of progress in selected nanotechology topics and some possible applications. We survey four major branches within the field: nanotubes, quantum dots, nanomaterials and nanodevices. For each of these, we review the underlying scientific concepts, potential enabling technologies and current limitations to the realisation of nanotechnology applications. Possible implications for the future Land Force are discussed by examining potential nanotechnology impacts across seven core military skills within the Army-as-a-System construct.


In volume 4 (1903) of these Transactions a paper of mine was published on the approximate determination of Maclaurin's ellipsoid. It was there shown that it is possible to determine the form of the ellipsoid and its angular velocity by means of spherical harmonic analysis to a higher order of approximation than is usually supposed to be attainable by that method. It appears that we ought to be able by means of the considerations adduced to determine the angular velocity corresponding to a given ellipticity as far as the cube of that ellipticity, and I was much puzzled to explain why I failed to obtain correctly the term involving the cube. On page 117 of the paper I gave reasons for believing that the determination of this last term would prove to be illusory. Having had occasion recently to examine carefully another piece of work I saw that the reason given was in its turn fallacious, and that this last term should be attainable. Accordingly I looked carefully over the analysis to see whether there were any terms missing in my calculation, and having found the source of the discrepancy I propose in this note to supply the defect. No attempt will be made to make this new investigation complete, so that the present paper will only be intelligible in conjunction with the previous one. The equation to the spheroid which is to be made a figure of equilibrium under rotation co was written


An oxide of titanium, apparently Ti2O3, showed solid solubility in Al2O3 of 1.0, 1.8, and 2.5 mole % at 1400°, 1600°, and 1700°C, respectively, when heated in hydrogen with a dew point of about -50°C. At the same temperatures in air, however, no indication of solid solubility (of TiO2, presumably) was found by X-ray diffraction. It is concluded, therefore, that titania effects densification and grain growth of alumina by grain-boundary action rather than by a defect mechanism in the corundum lattice resulting from the substitutional solution of Ti4+ ions.


【Task】 The present invention comprises at least two layers having different refractive index, to a plastic film having a multilayered interference system which is applied on top. The layer, polymerisable and / or polycondensable organic surface groups to crosslink the coating composition containing the nanoscale inorganic solid particles having, whereby a layer which is crosslinked by polymerization and / or polycondensable organic surface groups It may be obtained by forming. Film can be used as an optical laminated film.


Starting from the Chiral Perturbation Theory Lagrangian, but keeping different masses for the charged and neutral mesons (mu 6= md), and using a previously developed nonperturbative unitary scheme that generates the lightest meson-meson resonances, we construct the KK̄ → KK̄ and KK̄ → π+π− amplitudes around the region of the ω8 pole. This allows us to obtain the strong interaction contribution to the effective coupling of the φ resonance to π+π− due to kaon loops. Although the dominant contribution comes from the process φ → γ → π+π− we find a relevant interference between the two. The results lie in an intermediate region between the two most recent and conflicting experiments, and are compatible with the older, less precise data.


Introduction A child's quality of life (QL) is an integral characteristic of physical, psychological and social functioning of a child, based on self-perception and/or other peoples' perception. Obesity affects the QL and often leads to development of comorbid diseases, disabilities and invalidity. The majority of people with obesity face difficulties integrating in the society due to poorer health, physical limitations or psychological issues. The aim To characterize the change in QL and physical activity (PA) in adolescents with obesity and functional disorders of the colon (FDC). Materials and methods We examined 111 adolescents with obesity: 64 girls and 47 boys (mean age 14.5±2.0 years), from 2016 to 2018. The main group included 73 adolescents with obesity, who suffered from irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). The second group included adolescents with obesity and other FDC, the third group comprised adolescents with obesity without FDC. All children underwent the questionnaire survey to establish their QL and PA (PAQ-C and PAQ-A 10–17; PedsQL-4.0). Statistical processing of results was conducted with Statistica 10.0, Windows. Difference was significant at P < 0.05. Results The majority of adolescents with obesity are children with FDC (86.5%): functional diarrhea 15.6% and constipation 5.2%, nonspecific bowel disorders 3.1%, and IBS 76.1%, (among them: IBS with constipation – 65.8%, with diarrhea – 13.7%. mixed type – 20.5%). FA of children 1 and 2 groups (1.99 ± 0.56), in the 3rd group (2.46 ± 0.82). According to the PedsQ questionnaire for adolescents, group 1 had significantly lower total scores of QL compared to the group 2 (P = 0.03), and group 3 (P < 0.00), statistically significant differences were achieved mainly due to a decrease in emotional functioning (P = 0.0003) and social functioning (P = 0.002). The percentage of QL in children with other FDC (group 2) is lower compared to group 3 (P <0.01), but higher than in the group of adolescents with IBS (P = 0.002). Conclusions Every 6th obese adolescent has FDCs (86.5%), among which IBS is most common - 76.1%. Definitely, QL of adolescents with obesity without FDC is higher than among adolescents with FDC (QL decrease is associated with IBS), mainly due to a decrease in emotional and social functioning. When assessing the relative frequency of changes in QL in children with FDC, significant towards a decrease in school functioning. Obese adolescents with FDC have a 1.2 times lower PA than obese adolescents without FDC.


Purpose – Recognising interest in the nascent "rise of China", the purpose of this paper is to engage with the normative social science approach to comparative management, positing that it is inadequate for an enlightened view of the Chinese subject.Design/methodology/approach – This paper presents a critical appraisal of extant literature, specifically Redding's The Spirit of Chinese Capitalism, by drawing resources from Fabian's epistemological critique of anthropology and Levinas' ethics to replace ontology as first philosophy, and by reference to historical studies on China's economic culture and its language.Findings – Attention is drawn to how Redding's research subject is made an object of knowledge. In the objectification process, the subject's continuity is interrupted, its voice deprived, and its capacity for dialogue denied. This is evident in Redding's framework for analysis. Indeed, his Weberian social science template manifests a certain "imperialism of the same" and is symptomatic of much i...


UML2PROV is an approach to address the gap between application design, through UML diagrams, and provenance design, using PROV-Template. Its original design (i) provides a mapping strategy from UML behavioural diagrams to templates, (ii) defines a code generation technique based on Proxy pattern to deploy suitable artefacts for provenance generation in an application, (iii) is implemented in Java, using XSLT as a first attempt to implement our mapping patterns. In this paper, we complement and improve this original design in three different ways, providing a more complete and accurate solution for provenance generation. First, UML2PROV now supports UML structural diagrams (Class Diagrams), defining a mapping strategy from such diagrams to templates. Second, the UML2PROV prototype is improved by using a Model Driven Development-based approach which not only implements the overall mapping patterns, but also provides a fully automatic way to generate the artefacts for provenance collection, based on Aspect Oriented Programming as a more expressive and compact technique for capturing provenance than the Proxy pattern. Finally, there is an analysis of the potential benefits of our overall approach.


Abstract: The study explores existence of long run relationship between human capital development and economic growth in Nigeria using secondary data obtained from CBN statistical bulletin for the period of forty years between 1981-2020. The following independent variables were used as the proxies and areas in which human capital could be enhanced and needed to be developed; Agriculture (AGR), Civil-Service (CIVSER), Education (EDU), Health (HLTH), Manufacturing (MANU) and Transportation (TRANSP) sectors of Nigerian economy from 1981 to 2020 as while Gross Domestic Product (GDP) stands for economic growth. The Augmented Dickey-Fuller (ADF) test statistic for ascertaining whether the variables have unit root and Johanson test of co-integration were employed to examine existence of long run relationship between the variables under examination. It was found that variables are stationary at first difference with the level of significance which is 0.0000 for all the variables. The Co-integration of the variables is shown in Tables 3 and 4 where the Unrestricted Co-integration Rank Test (Trace) and Unrestricted Co-integration Rank Test (Maximum Eigen value), respectively, show that the independent variables (all the proxies of Human Capital Development) are co-integrated to determine the dependent variable (GDP which is proxy for economic growth) adjudging that there is long run relationship between human capital development and economic growth.


Acupuncture is a branch of traditional Chinese medicine that has been perfected over time and popular technique. It has been gaining a lot of space in the treatment of all species in veterinary and human medicine for showing good results with a short period of treatment, as well as being low in cost. This work will focus on reporting the case of a black-tufted marmoset treated with acupuncture, and the importance and effectiveness of acupuncture as a form of therapy. The animal arrived with suspected trauma, presenting mainly motor incoordination, neck pain, nystagmus, and prostration. Because acupuncture is a technique recommended in cases of neurological, joint, liver, and other problems, this treatment was adopted to restore the animal's health and well-being. Ten sessions were held, once a week. There was an improvement in motor incoordination after the second session. Along with the acupuncture treatment, she was given some drugs to minimize the biochemical changes found. It is believed that if the treatment was carried out with pharmacotherapy alone, it would not have the same success, since at each session the


Sparse sensor arrays offer a cost effective alternative to uniform arrays. By utilizing the co-array, a sparse array can match the performance of a uniform array, despite having significantly fewer sensors. However, even sparse arrays may have many closely spaced elements, which can deteriorate the array performance through mutual coupling. This paper proposes a novel sparse planar array with very few unit element displacements for reducing mutual coupling. This Concentric Rectangular Array (CRA) is designed for active sensing tasks, such as radar and medical ultrasound, in which the same elements are used for both transmission and reception. The properties of the CRA are compared to two established sparse arrays: the Boundary Array and the Minimum-Redundancy Array (MRA). In some cases, the CRA is the MRA with the fewest closely spaced elements.


Field studies were carried out for the control of Tomato fruit borer (Helicoverpa armigera) during in Rabi season 2018-19 at Student Instructional Farm-"Insectary", Department of Entomology, Chandra Shekhar Azad University of Agriculture and Technology, Kanpur. The present investigation to evaluate the efficacy of some insecticides and biopesticides on tomato Azad Type-6 variety was taken and treated against Tomato fruit borer. The climate of Kanpur Nagar is sub-tropical with hot dry summer and severe cool in winter season, we applied chemical insecticide viz. Indoxacarb 14.5SC, Fipronil 5SC, Malathion 50EC, Imidacloprid 17.8SL and bio-pesticide viz. Spinosad 45SC & Neemarin 1500PPM at their recommended doses. The data on larval counts were taken from 10 randomly selected plants of each plot treated with pesticides, separately. It was observed that Indoxacarb 14.5SC @ 1.0 ml lit-1 was found to be very effective against Helicoverpa armigera followed by Fipronil 5SC @ 1.0 ml lit-1 in reducing the larval population and showed highest percent reduction in fruit infestation to 85.04% and 81.78% over control. Among the bio-pesticides, spinosad 45SC @ 0.20 ml/lit found to be effective as it showed 72.51% fruit infestation reduction over untreated plot. All the above treatments were found to be superior over untreated control which recorded highest number of larvae and fruit damage per plant.


1, pp. 103—111, May 2008.Universidad Cat´olica del NorteAntofagasta - ChileAbstractWe first present a solution to a conjecture of (Correa, Hentzel, Labra, 2002) inthe positive. We show that if Ais a commutative nonassociative algebra over a field ofcharacteristic 6=2 ,3, satisfying the identity x(x(xx)) = 0,thenL


Rosy barb embryos at different stages of development were exposed to
salinities of 4, 6, 8 and 10‰. The results demonstrated that 2-4 cell stage embryos
were incapable of tolerating salinities higher than 8‰, while blastula stage
embryos were unable to survive salinity of 10‰. Although gastrula stage embryos
were able to develop to the hatching stage at salinity of 10‰, the hatching success
was markedly reduced (17 ± 2.64%). Histological examination showed that
the nuclei and volumes of the cells of cleaving embryos were affected by high
salinity. Furthermore, high salinity impaired the normal development of hatching
glands, resulting in hatching failure of the larvae. This is the first report on the
effects of different salinities on the development of rosy barb embryos.
key words: Puntius conchonius, rosy barb, embryo, salinity, development, hatching.


Despite the presence of favorable conditions for successful farming, the pace of the ongoing process of migration of rural residents to large cities of the republic is not decreasing. The relevance of the research topic is explained by the need to identify the causes of this paradox in Kazakhstan and create a set of necessary measures to eliminate them. The severity of this problem is also aggravated by the insufficient degree of implementation of state measures to develop the social infrastructure of rural areas. The purpose of the study is to analyze indicators of the level of economic development and the level of provision with social infrastructure that affect the demographic situation in rural settlements. The research methodology uses a systematic approach to the study of indicators characterizing the well-being of the rural population, the quality of life and the evaluation of the effectiveness of programs aimed at improving the rural economy. The issues of analyzing the current state of rural settlements in Kazakhstan in order to take the necessary state measures in the direction of improving the infrastructure of rural settlements are considered. The analysis of state programs for the development of agriculture in Kazakhstan allows us to identify the types of problems that arise in the socio-economic development of rural areas. It is recommended to develop new ways to solve problems in the development of rural areas through the use of innovative methods to stimulate the rural population to increase effective employment, the development of mass entrepreneurship in villages.


Qualitative identification of permitted and nonpermitted colour additives in food products Bhakti Petigara Harp a , Enio Miranda-Bermudez a , Carolina I. Baron b & Gerald I. Richard b a Office of Cosmetics and Colors, Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition, US Food and Drug Administration, College Park, MD 20740, USA b Northeast Regional Laboratory, Office of Regulatory Affairs, US Food and Drug Administration, Jamaica, NY 11433, USA


Power electronic equipments reliable and stable operation, dc supply should be regulated. The regulation can be performed using buck, boost, Cûk, Flyback regulators. Except single phase rectifier with resistive load all other rectifiers input currents are non sinusoidal in nature. This front end current distortion of rectifier converter leads to low power factor, high THD, distribution system losses, neutral harmonic currents, over rated power equipments in a power system. The aim of this research is to develop a Sepic regulator with improved input current quality for low THD and good power factor to ensure better performance for the system. In this work, a detailed study has been carried out to investigate the effect of ac to dc converter on input current that eventually injects harmonics into the power system. Various topologies of the converter with input and output filter arrangements have been investigated. Finally, the performance of the SEPIC with and without passive filter has been investigated through ORCAD simulation. It is seen that SEPIC with input passive filter provides best performances in terms of THD, input power factor for the diode bridge arrangement. Index Term— Power Factor Correction, SEPIC, THD.


There is provided an impact test apparatus (100) for imaging of an impact of a body on a vehicle (107) comprising a movable carriage (101) and an actuator (102) which is fixed to the movable carriage. The actuator capable of moving an impingement body (104) linearly against the vehicle to deform the vehicle and to accelerate the movable carriage away from the vehicle at a standstill movable carriage. Since the actuator has a considerably lower mass than the wheeled cart, a termination of the impact tests can be performed very quickly.


Introduction. One of the parameters that determine the state of the insulation of power transformers is the degree of moisture content of cellulose insulation and transformer oil. Modern systems of continuous monitoring of transformer equipment have the ability to accumulate data that can be used to reproduce the dynamics of moisture content in insulation. The purpose of the work is to reproduce the curve of the of humidity of transformer oil based on the results of measuring the temperature of the upper and lower layers of oil without the need for direct measurement of moisture content by special devices. Methodology. The construction of a fuzzy neural network is carried out using networks based on adaptive neuro-fuzzy system ANFIS. The network generated using the Grid Partition algorithm without clustering and Subtractive Clustering. Results. The paper presents a comparative analysis of fuzzy neural networks of various architectures in terms of increasing the accuracy of reproducing the moisture content of transformer oil. For training and testing fuzzy neural networks, the results of continuous monitoring of the temperature of the upper and lower layers of transformer oil during two months of operation used. Considered twenty four variants of the architecture of ANFIS models, which differ in the membership functions, the number of terms of each input quantity, and the number of training cycles. The results of using the constructed fuzzy neural networks for reproducing the dynamics of moisture content of transformer oil during a month of operation of the transformer are presented. The reproducing accuracy was assessed using the root mean square error and the coefficient of determination. The test results indicate the sufficient adequacy of the proposed models. Consequently, the RMSE value for the network constructed using Grid Partition method was 0.49, and for the network built using the Subtractive Clustering method – 0.40509.


A relationship between periodontal disease and cardiovascular disease (CVD) has been reported in several studies. This association was explained based on the chronic systemic inflammatory response which may lead to arterial stiffness in chronic periodontitis (CP). To compare arterial stiffness as carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (PWV) between patients with localized severe CP (LSCP) and generalized severe CP (GSCP). Five patients with LSCP and 12 patients with GSCP were recruited in a cross-sectional study. Subjects were excluded if they had systemic diseases other than CP. Diagnosis of LSCP and GSCP was made based on probing depth and radiographic bone loss. Carotid-femoral PWV was measured using the Complior® machine. Data were analyzed using SPSS. Carotid-femoral PWV was higher among patients with GSCP as compared to those with LSCP although the difference did not reach a significant level. Median (interquartile range) PWV was 7.5 (1.50) and 7.0 (1.03) m/sec respectively in patients with GSCP and LSCP (p = 0.224). Among patients with CP, aorta is stiffer in GSCP than in LSCP


Lateral torsional buckling (LTB) of timber beams is an important out-of-plane behavior mode due to large depth/width ratios and long span lengths, as in steel beams. A beam that is subjected to a lateral torsional buckling failure would deform under an applied load or moment until the critical moment (Mcr) is reached, after that, a slight increase in the applied moment will create large out-of- plane deformations, and the beam will buckle by deflecting laterally and twisting. If the compression zone of the beam is braced by using out-of-plane nodal lateral bracing, these deformations can be prevented. In timber structures, specifications of the nodal bracing for timber beams are not clear enough to provide easy-to-use calculations in Eurocode 5. This study aims to investigate the optimum level of the bracing stiffness using the brace force - brace stiffness relationship, so that bracing calculations are easier to be applied. As the nature of nodal bracing, it is expected to observe lesser brace forces as the brace stiffness increases. However, this effect balanced itself at optimum brace stiffness. After the ideal stiffness value is reached, any brace stiffness greater than this value does not increase substantially the buckling capacity of the beam. In this paper, the study is conducted using a validation of Finite Element Analysis (FEA) coupled with experimental studies from the literature. Also, different sizes of the specimens were generated using the FEA procedure to conduct a matrix of cases that includes both brace stiffnesses and sizes of timber beams. These matrices are then presented in graphs that demonstrate the optimum level to stabilize the beams. The Eurocode 5 effective length design concept was used for the calculations. This study provides easy-to-use bracing calculations to reduce the effect of LTB on timber beams.


Locating and financing educational facilities is a significant challenge facing many charter schools. This report outlines five options state policymakers can pursue to enable charter schools to gain access to suitable, high-quality facilities. The five options addressed are: creating new revenue streams for facilities cost; giving charter schools access to low-cost financing; creating or stimulating finance pools for charter schools; providing incentives for organizations to supply facilities; and considering other ways to improve the facilities climate. Examples of existing efforts are provided for each of these options. The report also highlights some actions groups other than state policymakers, i.e., Congress, local officials, and charter friends groups, that can help ease the charter facilities challenges. Appendices provide a breakdown of how some states handle per-pupil facilities funding for charter schools, and a list of resources on charter school facilities financing. (GR) Reproductions supplied by EDRS are the best that can be made from the original document.


A new species of the genus Ablepton, collected in Western Serbia, is described. This is the second representative of the genus recorded from Serbia. The first one, A. tumanense Nonveiller & Pavicevic, 1990, was found in Eastern Serbia. Thus, the genus Ablepton, in addition to the type-species, decribed in 1877 from the southern Carpathian Mountains, includes only the two species from Serbia.


The Heart Manual (HM) NHS Lothian, is the UK's leading home-based cardiac rehabilitation programme evidenced by three RCTs. The HM clinical specialists provide training for health professionals (HPs) and support for sustained programme implementation across NHS and internationally. The team's collaboration extends to other conditions, cancer, stroke and heart failure. The latest challenge was to steer the transition of the entire HM to a digital platform. This resource had to be fit for purpose within considerable constraints facing NHS ehealth.

Challenges:
There is disconnect between scope for digital developers, researchers and what can be implemented across the NHS.

Ehealth strategies for NHS have not been fully achieved. WiFi in wards is not the norm, or if available may only be via NHS owned devices. Restrictions exist for social media (Facebook, Skype) and video streaming (Youtube).

A health 'digital divide' exists perceivably between older and younger users.

Regarding choice of format (digital or paper) there is discrepancy between HPs' perceived preferences of patients and those articulated by the patients.

Methods:
Adopting an agile development approach the team worked closely with ehealth experts, patients and HPs to finalise a version taking account of known constraints and those identified via thematic analysis.

Solutions

The award winning resource can be used across the NHS. Its introduction does not rely on the presence of WiFi on wards. HPs are encouraged to offer choice and avoid ageist assumptions on patient preference.

Conclusion
A pragmatic approach led to users generating and implementing solutions to digital engagement barriers.


This paper entails the examination of the direct empirical linkage between organizational factors namely top management support, client consultation, as well as client acceptance, and the achievement of project success. Four telecommunication companies operating in Yemen were studied and they are: TeleYemen, MTN Yemen, Y Telecom, and Yemen Mobile. A total of 250 employees were the study's participants. SEM tool and some statistical methods (i.e., the maximum likelihood estimate and regression technique) were chosen to analyze the obtained data and test the hypothesis, in order that the variable's dimensionality could be understood. As found, organizational factors (top management support, client consultation, and client acceptance) are positively linked to the success of project. The theoretical and practical implications of this study's findings were highlighted as well.