The utility model relates to a building structure system, particularly to a structure system for an ocean platform. A rocking wall structure system comprises a main body part, a connecting part and a rocking wall body, wherein the bottom end of the main body part is fixedly arranged on a soil base; the connecting part is respectively hinged with the side surface of the main body part and the side surface of the rocking wall body; and the bottom end of the rocking wall body is hinged with the soil base. Due to the arrangement of the rocking wall structure, the overall external load resistance of a jacket type ocean platform structure can be enhanced, the resistance to ice load, wave load, wind load and earthquake load is greatly enhanced, and even the resistance to seismic sea wave (the lesson of the seismic sea wave caused by Japan earthquake in the year of 2011 is painful) is also greatly enhanced, so that the ocean platform structure cannot be destroyed due to the destroying of a local rod piece .


The highly detailed bathymetry data sets being produced by modern swath-mapp ing systems are outrunning the display capability of the traditional isobath contour chart. Other display formats do a better job of helping the viewer to visualize a topographic surface because they incorporate the same visual cues that the viewer uses as he looks at the world around him. The software and hardware systems developed to serve the computer-aided-design and computer-aided-manufacturing (CAD/CAM) industries incorporate various subsets of these visual cues to produce dynamic visual displays that are highly convincing, static displays that are highly realistic and physical scale models that are accurate and highly detailed.


Soils are one of the largest organic carbon pools and changes in the carbon release from soils has considerable impact on the composition of atmospheric CO2. Alongside the accelerated carbon release from soils by anthro-pogenic warming (Crowther et al., 2016), agricultural use strongly affects soil organic carbon (SOC) (Johnstonet al., 2009). Conversion from conventional to organic farming has been suggested a valuable contribution to sequester SOC providing a great mitigation potential within agricultural practices (Smith et al., 2008).Here we present SOC contents and 14C activity under two different farming practices in the long-termagricultural DOK trial at Therwil, Switzerland (Mader et al., 2002). In this long-lasting agricultural experiment, we compare biodynamic farming (biodyn), which receives manure and biodynamic preparations, with conventional farming (conmin), which receives only mineral fertilizers. We analyzed functional SOC fractions from both farming practices for SOC concentration and radiocarbon (∆14C) in two soil layers (0-20 cm and 20-50 cm).Three SOC fractions were obtained by density and particle size fractionation: particular organic matter (POM,labile pool), mineral-associated organic matter 20μm (MOM >20μm, labile pool).Our results clearly show higher SOC concentrations for biodyn compared to conmin in all SOC fractions in the upper soil layer (0-20 cm). In the subsoil (20-50 cm) we found a negligible influence of farming practices with depth. High ∆14C values in the POM and >20μm fraction indicated that they are a more labile and fastcycling carbon pool, whereas lower∆14C values in the 20μm fraction, with higher ∆14C values in the biodyn system suggesting greater input of fresh plant material with a faster turnover.


Hara has examined 500 consequtive autopsy specimens of the colon in over 50 years of age in Japan and Matsumura has examined 121 consequtive autopsy colon specimens in Germany. The findings of the histological examinations were compared and following conclusions were obtained:1. The frequency of colonic polyps was high with increasing age.2. There was no definite difference about the frequency of colonic polyps in Japan and Germany over 50 years of age. Namely one in three to four examples over 50 years had approximately one to three tiny polyps in their colon.3. It seems that in Japan one finds polyps in the right half colon then in the left. Cancer incidence is also higher in the right half colon. The findings suggest that there could be some relationship between these two kinds of tumors of the colon.4. Diverticulosis was also examined. The frequency in Germany was four times higher than that in Japan.


The liquid phase diffusion coefficient of Al-2%Cu alloy was calculated with the modified Miedema model and Eyring model,to further improve the accuracy.The mathematical model of liquid phase diffusion coefficient in binary alloy was established to resolve the lack of liquid phase diffusion coefficient data that are difficult to measure in the experiment.Instead of the solvent viscosity value,the viscosity—temperature curve of liquid alloy was introduced into the Eyring model to increase the accuracy of calculation.In the microstructure simulation,the simulated proportion of columnar grains based on the normal constant liquid phase diffusion coefficient is 20.1%;while the proportion of columnar grains based on the calculated liquid phase diffusion coefficient with the developed model is 64.8%,which is much closer to the experimental result of 58.1%,indicating that the mathematical model of liquid phase diffusion coefficient is feasible and accurate.


Over the last decade, flow in the Abay River (i.e. the Blue Nile) has been modified by operation of the Chara Chara weir and diversions to the Tis Abay hydropower stations, located downstream. The most conspicuous impact of these human interventions is significantly reduced flows over the Tis Issat Falls. This paper presents the findings of a hydrological study conducted to estimate environmental flow requirements downstream of the weir. The Desktop Reserve Model (DRM) was used to determine both high and low flow requirements in the reach containing the Falls. The results indicate that to maintain the basic ecological functioning in this reach requires an average annual allocation of 862 Mm3 (i.e. equivalent to 22% of the mean annual flow). Under natural conditions there was a considerable seasonal variation, but the absolute minimum mean monthly allocation, even in dry years, should not be less than approximately 10 Mm3 (i.e. 3·7 m3 s−1). These estimates make no allowance for maintaining the aesthetic quality of the Falls, which are popular with tourists. The study demonstrated that, in the absence of ecological information, hydrological indices can be used to provide a preliminary estimate of environmental flow requirements. However, to ensure proper management, much greater understanding of the relationships between flow and the ecological condition of the river ecosystem is needed. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.


The setup and devemopment of Science of Science and Technology in China should characterize current ST and focus on practice of national prosperous depended on ST and emphasize research on technology foresight which require to integrate the system of related discipline group and to reposition the related discipline group.Pay attention to ST of future,then you can guide the future of ST.


Russian private higher education started at the beginning of the 20th century.It was once interrupted by Soviet Union.State-owned higher education system was broken after the breaking up of the SVU.It gradually developed into various kinds of higher education styles owned by the country,society,and individual forces etc.This essay focuses on the current situation of the Russian private higher education,sums up its successful experiences and implications for private higher education in China.


Interconnection network plays an important role in Massively Parallel Processing (MPP) systems. The 2-dimensional mesh (Mesh for short) has been one of the most common interconnection networks. In this paper, we propose a new 2-dimensional network topology: Hexagon Interconnection Networks. Theoretical network characteristics such as the diameter, the bisection width are discussed in detail. It is shown that Hexagon can connect more nodes than Mesh when they have same network diameter. Moreover, a store-forward routing algorithm and a deflection routing algorithm are designed for Hexagon topology. Hexagon can also be used in optical interconnection network.


BACKGROUND
Skin resurfacing with the carbon dioxide (CO2) laser is currently a popular means of improving rhytides and scars. Scarring, hyperpigmentation, hypopigmentation, and infection are among the complications that have been known to occur in some patients treated with the CO2 laser.

OBJECTIVE
We wish to communicate a previously unreported complication of CO2 laser resurfacing-multiple eruptive keratoacanthomas.

METHOD
We describe a 61-year-old woman who presented with multiple eruptive keratoacanthomas subsequent to CO2 laser resurfacing. Her lesions were cultured for fungus and bacteria. Biopsy specimens of two lesions were taken.

RESULTS
Cultures were negative for pathogens. Biopsy specimens revealed atypical squamous epithelial proliferation and changes consistent with eruptive keratoacanthomas.

CONCLUSION
Multiple eruptive keratoacanthomas should be considered as a rare complication of CO2 laser resurfacing.


The Northwestern Mediterranean Sea was characterized by intense weather and ocean phenomena during the winter of 1998/1999. This winter season exhibited very strong and prolonged periods of northwesterly winds (Mistral) with associated large losses of heat from the ocean due to enhanced surface buoyancy fluxes. Dense water formation occurred in the Gulf of Lion as the surface layer temperature dropped to 12 ◦C and the salinity increased to 38.2 psu. Hydrological and current data collected in 1999 revealed the spreading of newly formed deep water with unusual characteristics over the whole Algero-Provencal basin (Bethoux et al. 2002) and provided evidence of deep-water formation during the intense weather phenomenon.


The public investment project (PIP) plays an important role in national economy in China. According to the comparison between China and the developed countries in the fields of law foundation, regulatory bodies, supervision methods and the key supervision stages, we find shortcomings in PIP supervision system. Make detailed suggestions to the key supervision phases of decision-making, construction, postevaluation, and especially credit and accountability mechanism. It creates a new mode for supervision, illustrates decision procedures, relationship constraints, and puts forward a construction management supervision framework with five targetsoriented.


Foreign language classroom anxiety (FLCA) is a very critical affective factor for learners' language learning and development. The present study was designed to explore the features of Chinese university students' FLCA and to investigate the possible influencing factors on the fluctuations of Chinese university students' FLCA. Two female and two male Chinese university students were selected as the participants and their in-class performances were recorded. Data collection instrument included the classroom observation, the self-rated evaluation of FLCA, and the stimulated recall interview. To capture the micro-changes of the Chinese learners' FLCA per second, an idiodynamic approach was adopted to carry out the exploratory analysis for the learners' experiences of FLCA over the language instruction. Zooming in on the microdynamic variation of the participants' FLCA, the final results indicated that Chinese university students' FLCA, both within individuals and across individuals, is characterized of a dynamic system's features. Furthermore, a series of contributing factors were identified to trigger the participants' FLCA, with the classroom activity types and the teacher's feedback being the key external factors and the gender difference and self-efficacy being the major internal factors. The idiodynamic method shed new light on exploring the FLCA from an emic and dynamic perspective and some pedagogical implications were also put forward as well.


The current-voltage (I-V) characteristics of Au/Y/p-InP/Pt Schottky barrier diode (SBD) are analyzed at room temperature. The Au/Y/p-InP/Pt SBD shows a good rectification behavior. The ideality factor (n), barrier height (Φb), series resistance (Rs) and shunt resistance (Rsh) are determined from the I-V measurements. The n and Φb values of Au/Y/p-InP/Pt SBD are found to be 1.32 and 0.62 eV respectively. The value of barrier height (BH) obtained from Norde function is compared with those calculated from Cheung's functions. The series resistance (Rs) is calculated from Cheung's and modified Norde functions. Additionally, it is found that n, Φb, Rs, and Rsh have strong correlation with the applied bias. Furthermore, at low and high voltage regions, ohmic and space-charge-limited conduction mechanisms are found to govern the current flow in the diode.


125 years ago, Osler [1] summarised in his medical textbook for the first time the knowledge at that time on "chronic interstitial pneumonia" as pulmonary diseases with fibroid changes, easy to diagnose but difficult to classify. In his very detailed report (recommended reading for everyone interested in interstitial lung diseases (ILDs), although it probably did not correspond to idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), as discussed elsewhere [2]), he mentioned aetiology, histopathology and clinical characteristics, and finally about treatment stated that "nothing can be done for the condition itself ". Typical for this time, information for this interesting chapter was gathered mainly from reports by pathologists and from clinical observations by Osler himself and his colleagues. It took decades until further descriptions on these diseases became available, first in the report by Hamman and Rich [3] on patients with fatal outcomes of unexplained interstitial pneumonias, and then in the diverse classifications of ILDs beginning in the 1960s [4–6]. Almost every piece of information on clinical aspects of patients with ILDs (mainly with IPF) gathered until then and even until almost the end of the last century came from clinical observational reports, i.e. casuistics or case series, or from retrospective analyses [6]. IPF registries and clinical trial data complement each other http://ow.ly/Te9C307KonP


This article is an introduction to anodization of aluminum, which is a subject of electrochemistry. Anodization of aluminum under a controlled electrochemical condition yields ordered porous alumina with a close-packed hexagonal array of cylindrical nanochannels. The diameter, density, and aspect ratio of pores can be tightly controlled by varying the anodization condition, which makes the porous anodic alumina an important platform in nanotechnology for developing various functional nanostructures.


Glaucoma is the leading cause of irreversible blindness worldwide and is a particular burden on the Asian population. Glaucoma surgeries such as trabeculectomy and glaucoma drainage implants are routinely performed to lower intraocular pressure (IOP) to prevent disease progression. However, scarring of the filtering bleb limits their long-term success and Asian eyes are more at risk. Although this is so, many existing studies have been done on Caucasian patients, but few have focused solely on Asian patients. Intraoperative anti-metabolites such as Mitomycin-C (MMC) and 5-Fluorouracil (5-FU) are the current mainstay of adjunctive treatments to reduce scarring, and in this review, we evaluate the evolution, benefits and side effects of these agents. Recently, newer methods of wound modulation including anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) agents and collagen implants are also being investigated as part of a multi-pronged approach to tackle this problem. Some opportunities exist to limit scarring post-operatively, but it is an ongoing battle.


Several chlorofluorostannates [SnClnF6–n]2–, and all the bromochlorostannates [SnClnBr6–n]2–, have been identified in solution by means of 119Sn n.m.r. spectroscopy. Isomeric configurations where n= 2, 3, or 4 have been assigned by the method of pairwise interactions.


This paper reviews and analyzes 12 horizontal and vertical design attributes of devices for school-related use. Horizontal design is the familiar all-things-to-all-people, 'just-in-case' design associated with desk-top, laptop, and mainframe computing. Less familiar is the 'vertical' or 'just-enough' dimension of computational design, where device functionality is tightly coupled with specific needs in identifiable speciality markets. We believe that equitable access to key forms of learning functionality for all students and issues of total cost of ownership will provide the impetus for K–12 schooling to integrate horizontal and vertical technologies. We use two physically similar but functionally distinct portable handheld devices to illustrate the 12 design attributes. Representing horizontal design are Palm™ operating system-based handhelds and representing vertical design are graphing calculators.


Vehicular emissions generally include oxides of nitrogen, sulphur, carbon hydrocarbon, mercury and leads. The effects of vehicular emissions on human health, vegetations, and environments were investigated in three locations of Lagos (Oshodi, Mushin and Apapa), Nigeria while a fourth location (Fola Agoro) was used as a control since it has low levels of pollution. The investigation was carried out with the use of questionnaires and laboratory experiments. Experiments were conducted on rainwater collected from each location to determine the level of acidity, pH, and the presence of dissolved substances such as NO3, SO4 and CO2 in them. Physical effects on vegetations, buildings and structures were also observed. The results obtained from questionnaire show that on the average, 28.3%, 16.6%, 23.3%, 18.3%, 13.3% were respectively affected by sleeplessness, running nose, heavy eyes, asthmatic attack, and headache respectively. The location (distance from the coast type of fuel, availability of industries, and concentration of traffic) determine the impacts of these emissions on the ecosystem.


Abstract Let be either a sequence of arbitrary random variables, or a martingale difference sequence, or a centred sequence with a suitable level of negative dependence. We prove Baum–Katz type theorems by only assuming that the variables satisfy a uniform moment bound condition. We also prove that this condition is best possible even for sequences of centred, independent random variables. This leads to Marcinkiewicz–Zygmund type strong laws of large numbers with estimate for the rate of convergence.


Familial hypofibrinogenaemia associated with heterozygous substitution of a conserved arginine residue; Bbeta 255 Arg>His (Fibrinogen Merivale). Biochim Biophys Acta 2003; 1645: 146–51. 10 Brennan SO, Wyatt JM, May S, De Caigney S, George PM. Hypofibrinogenemia due to novel 316 Asp –> Tyr substitution in the fibrinogen Bbeta chain. Thromb Haemost 2001; 85: 450–3. 11 Homer VM, Brennan SO, George PM. Novel fibrinogen Bbeta gene mutation causing hypofibrinogenaemia. Thromb Haemost 2002; 88: 1066–7. 12 Homer VM, Brennan SO, Ockelford P, George PM. Novel fibrinogen truncation with deletion of Bbeta chain residues 440–461 causes hypofibrinogenaemia. Thromb Haemost 2002; 88: 427–31. 13 Zhang JZ, Redman CM. Identification of Bbeta chain domains involved in human fibrinogen assembly. J Biol Chem 1992; 267: 21727– 32. 14 Hanss MML, Ffrench PO, Mornex JF, Chabuet M, Biot F, De Mazancourt P, Dechavanne M. Two novel fibrinogen variants found in patients with pulmonary embolism and their families. J Thromb Haemost 2003; 1: 1251–7. 15 Mathé C, Sagot MF, Schiex T, Rouzé P. Current methods of gene prediction, their strengths and weaknesses.Nucleic Acids Res 2002; 30: 4103–17. 16 Frenkel E, Duksin C, Herman A, Sherman DJ. Congenital hypofibrinogenemia in pregnancy: report of two cases and review of the literature. Obstet Gynecol Surv 2004; 59: 775–9. 17 Kobayashi T, Kanayama N, Tokunaga N, Asahina T, Terao T. Prenatal and peripartum management of congenital afibrinogenaemia. Br J Haematol 2000; 109: 364–6. 18 Kostelansky MS, Bolliger-Stucki B, Betts L, Gorkun OV, Lord ST. B betaGlu397 and B beta Asp398 but not B betaAsp432 are required for 'B:b' interactions. Biochemistry 2004; 43: 2465–74.


The Galur and Lendah areas are in the southeastern part of Kulon Progo Regency, Yogyakarta, Indonesia. This area has become a developing area because of the new airport in this district. Along with its development, the need for groundwater in this area is increasing, so groundwater research is also increasingly needed. A study on groundwater is required to support the development of this region. This time, a groundwater study was conducted to determine the potential for the recharge-discharge zone, also groundwater flow patterns based on the chemical facies of the groundwater. The hydrogeological survey was carried out with groundwater sampling from 9 (nine) dug wells and 1 () spring for physical/chemical testing of groundwater in the laboratory. The results showed groundwater in the study area generally flows south or northwest, with a radial pattern anomaly in the north. The shallow groundwater studied was bicarbonate type with Ca, Na, and Mg cations variations. The groundwater facies characterizes groundwater that is typical in the catchment


The main problem in on-site radiated emission test of EMU (Electric multiple unit) is the excess ambient electromagnetic noise due to the complex electromagnetic environment. In order to solve this problem, this paper proposed a novel approach for on-site radiated emission measurement test. A joint algorithm comprise blind source separation and adaptive signal processing is used to suppress the ambient electromagnetic noise. The normalized estimation of ambient electromagnetic noise is obtained by blind source separation algorithm, then the normalized estimation of ambient electromagnetic noise is used as the reference signal to adaptively cancel the ambient noise in the mixed electromagnetic noise, so the estimation of radiated noise of EMU is obtained. The simulation and experiment results showed that the proposed method can effectively suppress the ambient electromagnetic noise, thus realize the accurate measurement of the radiated emission of the EMU.


This paper analyzes the constructivist perspective of Physic Education in the pre-school and elementary schooling across specialized literature. The Piaget's conception about knowledge construction is considered the basis this work. The man is understood in process of organic maturation and environment solicitation, therefore, the professor of Physic Education be ill consider constructivist perspective how subject possibility in dynamic process.


Among the different modalities of distancing from the enunciative poetic voice regarding the authorial voice, there is the concept of objective correlate, proposed by T.S. Elliot at the beginning of the XXth century. It deals with the materialization, concretion or expression of the poets emotions by describing an object, or narrating a situation. Among objective correlate modalities, dramatic monologue is the one with the highest degree of fictionality at the enunciative level among poetic genres. It is defined by its formal attributes, and its effect. Among them, a speaker whose expressed or inferred nominal identity is different from the author is used, an interlocutor who listens to the enunciative voice, along with a situation more or less shaped by the former. The dramatic monologue effect is, thus, to encourage the alternation between the identification and critical judgment of the reader facing the morally problematic discourse of the speaker.


The Predictive Thermal Control (PTC) project is a multiyear effort initiated in Fiscal Year 2017, to mature the Technology Readiness Level (TRL) of technologies required to enable ultra-thermally-stable ultraviolet/optical/infrared (UVOIR) space telescope primary-mirror assemblies for ultra-high-contrast observations of exoplanets. PTC has three objectives: validate thermal optical performance models, derive thermal system stability specifications, and demonstrate predictive thermal control. This paper reviews recent and previous accomplishments.


Goodman and Saff conjectured that if / is convex in the direction of the imaginary axis then so are the functions \f(rz) for all 0 < r < \2 — 1, i.e., the level sets f(\z\ < r) are convex in the direction of the imaginary axis for 0 < r < \¡2 1. A weak form of this conjecture is proved and a question of Brannan is answered negatively. Let Ur= [z:\z\ < r) and let 5 denote the class of all functions f(z) = z + a2z2 + ■ ■ ■ analytic and univalent in U = Uv For / e S there are several geometric properties possessed by f(U) that are inherited by its level sets Gr = f(Ur) for all 0 < r < 1. For example if f(U) is either convex, starlike, or close-to-con vex, then so are its level sets Gr for all 0 < r < 1. An analytic function / is said to be convex in the direction of a line Le: te'8 (-co < t < oo) if the intersection of f(U) with each line parallel to Le is either a connected set or empty. Let CIA denote those functions / for which f(U) is convex in the direction of the imaginary axis with /(0) = 0 and /'(0) = 1. Since CIA functions are close-to-convex, they are univalent. It came as a bit of a surprise when Hengartner and Schober [4] constructed an example where / e CIA but the corresponding level sets Gr were not convex in the direction of the imaginary axis for all r sufficiently close to 1. A more quantitative result was obtained by Goodman and Saff [3]. They were able to prove that for each ^2 — 1 < r < 1 there exists an /e CIA for which |/(rz) £ CIA. Hence they conjectured that if /e CIA then jf(rz) e CIA for all 0 < r < y2 — 1, i.e., the level sets Gr are convex in the direction of the imaginary axis for 0 < r < y2 — 1. In [1, Problem 6.53] Brannan asked whether or not: If / e CIA and 7-J(rQz) £ CIA for some 0 < r0 < 1, does this imply that jf(rz) £ CIA for all r0 < r < 1? This question was motivated by the example constructed by Hengartner and Schober [4]. In this note we prove a weaker form of the Goodman-Saff conjecture and answer Brannan's question. Our main result is the following theorem. Theorem. /// e CIA then there exists a set I c [0, tr] of positive measure such that jf(rz) is convex in the directions L8: te'6 (-oo < t < oo) for all 0 < r < y2 — 1 and all 0 e /. Received by the editors March 27, 1986. 1980 Mathematics Subject Classification (1985 Revision). Primary 30C45; Secondary 30C20. ©1987 American Mathematical Society 0002-9939/87 $1.00 + $.25 per page 442 License or copyright restrictions may apply to redistribution; see http://www.ams.org/journal-terms-of-use LEVEL SETS FOR FUNCTIONS CONVEX IN ONE DIRECTION 443 The proof of this theorem depends on a representation formula for CIA functions and a result relating the total variation of the argument along a curve to the number of times the curve intersects lines through the origin. Lemma A (Royster and Ziegler [8]). A function f belongs to CIA if and only if for some 0 < /x, v < 77 where hv(z) = z/[l — (2cose)z + z2]. A function / analytic in U is said to be starlike in the direction Le: te'e (-oo < / < oo) if the intersection of f(U) with Le is a single segment, half-line, or Le. The following result gives a relation between these functions and functions convex in one direction. Our formulation follows easily from the results in [7]. Lemma B (Robertson [7]). Ifzf'(z) is starlike in the direction Le: te'e (-oo < / < oo) for \z\ < r, thenf(z) is convex in the direction Le + vr/2 for \z\ < r. Finally we need a counting result given in [9] and given as a problem in [2, p. 215]. Lemma C. // <p(z) is analytic in \z\ < r and 0 £ 4>(\z\ = r), then /o2"|Re{^}|^=/;«(^)^, W-r, where n(\L) is the number of times the line te"*1 (-oo < t < oo) intersects the curve H\z\ = r). Although this result is geometrically obvious, for completeness sake we give a proof using the Banach indicatrix. Proof of Lemma C. By replacing <f>(z) by <b(e'az), if necessary, we may assume <b(r) > 0. Let 0 = 6X < 82 < ■ ■ ■ < 6n_1 < On = 277 be all those angles such that <b(re'9k) > 0 and Arg<j>(re'e) varies continuously from 0 to 2ir for 6k < 0 < 6k+1 for each 1 < k < n — 1. Note that if the curve <>(|z| = r) winds around the origin more than once, then « > 3. For each interval Ok < 6 < Ok+l, 1 < k < n — 1, let Hk(0) = Arg<p(re'e). Hence 0 < Hk(8) < 277. Let mk(\p) be equal to the number of roots of the equation Hk(6) = ^, 0 < t¿> < 2t7. The function mk is the Banach indicatrix of the function Hk and thus ¡2mmk(^)d^= [°k+l \dHk(d)\, l<fc«»-l Jo Jek (see Natanson [6, p. 225] for example). Now since \dHk(0)\ = \Re{z(b'(z)/<b(z)}\d6, it follows that rlir , . , r2ir / m{*)d*= / '0 •'0 m'M*! <b(z) de, License or copyright restrictions may apply to redistribution; see http://www.ams.org/journal-terms-of-use


This paper investigates development and protection of competition in Kosovo, legislative aspect of its adjustment, the most sensitive sectors where the competitions is damaged and finally are presented the measures on improvement based on the EU practices. To the economies in transition as Kosovo is, three types of anti competition practices that are object of the law on competition draw particular importance. This anti-competition practices are: prohibited agreements-cartels, mergers of enterprises and misuse of dominant position of the enterprises that have relevant influence on the market. Competition damage in those economies may be done in two directions: from the side of enterprises that make agreements, mergers, abuse with the dominant position and in these activities they damage the market structure, at the other hand the state by creating legal monopoles, giving the exclusive rights and other activities that may create discrimination as well as from the non-transparence of the politics of state aid.


This study embraces the Generic Drug User Fee Act (GDUFA) implication on the Indian generic pharmaceutical industry based on the primary analysis. A sample size of randomly selected 250 employees from the generic industry of India, were the study participants and were provided with a close-ended questionnaire. The survey response is subjected to both descriptive and inferential analyses using the SPSS version 21.0 package. The benefits of GDUFA were greater than the challenges to the Indian pharmaceutical industry are the key findings noted in this study. It was further found that the different challenges faced due to the GDUFA did not alter the attention of the Indian generic industry to the other market significantly. Correspondingly, the statistical outcomes of the respondent's viewpoints implied that the overall impact of the GDUFA on the return on investments for the Indian pharmaceutical industry was increased. It is inferred that the GDUFA has compelled the pharmaceutical industry of India to be in compliance with the United States Food and Drug Administration all the time. Nevertheless, India remains one of the key exporters of generic drugs for the United States. Fundamentally, the GDUFA has displayed an encouraging influence on the Indian pharma sector.


Ultrafast all-fiber oscillators are currently one of the most rapidly developing laser technologies. Many advantages like: environmental stability, low sensitivity to misalignment, excellent beam quality (intrinsic single transverse mode operation), high energy and an excellent active medium efficiency make them the lasers of choice for a variety of applications. In this paper the designs of all-fiber all-normal dispersion femtosecond lasers are described. Due to large positive chirp, the pulses inside the cavity are highly stretched in time and they can achieve higher energies with the same peak power as shorter pulses. High insensitivity to mechanical perturbations or temperature drift is another highly valued property of presented configurations. Two of reported lasers are extremely stable due to the fact that their cavities are built entirely of polarization maintaining fibers and optical elements. We used highly Yb3+ ions doped fibers as an active medium pumped by a fiber coupled 976 nm laser diode. The central wavelength of our laser oscillators was 1030 nm. Three methods of passive mode-locking in all-fiber cavities were studied. In particular, the designs with Nonlinear Polarization Evolution (NPE), Nonlinear Optical Loop Mirror (NOLM) and Nonlinear Amplifying Loop Mirror (NALM) as artificial saturable absorbers were investigated. The most attention was paid to all-PM-fiber configurations. We present two self-starting, high energy, all-fiber configurations: one delivering pulses with energy of 4.3 nJ and dechirped pulse duration of 150 fs based on the NALM and another with a 6.8 nJ, 390 fs pulses in configuration with the NOLM. The influence of different artificial saturable absorber on output pulse characteristics were studied and analyzed.


This work deals with subsurface flow between a small Reservoir (named "Açude Cajueiro", in Tuparetama PE) and its porous boundaries or seepage zones, considering two transects. Based on daily water level readings in piezometers and at the reservoir, and on the hydraulic characteristics of the porous media, the subsurface flow pattern can be investigated. A finite difference numerical model has been applied to assess recharge events and groundwater evaporation. Upward flow from the water table is an important moisture control process, especially when the water table is shallow. This component enables crop development near seepage zones without irrigation, in particular for crops with a short growth cycle.


Survey) provides data of trips by purpose and means of transportation. It has been designed to grasp wide-area trips in metropolitan areas. However, recent needs in urban transportation planning of municipalities are to grasp trips in more detailed scales. We developed a practical method to estimate OD matrix by purpose and means of transportation with detailed zone units by com-bining PT Survey data and traffic-related big data. The OD matrix made by this method is consistent to existing PT Survey and will be easy to use in works of municipalities. As a case study, we estimated a detailed matrix in Takasaki City using PT Survey data and mobile phone location data, and validated this method for practical use.


We carried out a mission concept Study for an ultra-long duration balloon (ULDB) mission to conduct a high-sensitivity hard x-ray (approx. 20-600 keV) imaging sky survey. The EXIST-LITE concept has been developed, and critical detector technologies for realistic fabrication of very large area Cd-Zn-Te imaging detector arrays are now much better understood. A ULDB mission such as EXIST-LITE is now even more attractive as a testbed for the full Energetic X-ray Imaging Survey Telescope (EXIST) mission, recommended by the Decadal Survey, and now included in the NASA Roadmap and Strategic Plan as one of the 'Einstein Probes'. In this (overdue!) Final Report we provide a brief update for the science opportunities possible with a ULDB mission such as EXIST-LITE and relate these to upcoming missions (INTErnational Gamma-Ray Astrophysics Laboratory (INTEGRAL) and Swift) as well as the ultimate very high sensitivity sky survey mission EXIST. We then review the progress made over this investigation in Detector/Telescope design concept, Gondola and Mission design concept, and Data Handling/Analysis.


This review covers almost two hundred and twenty heterobinuclear platinum compounds in which Pt⋯M separation is over 3.0 Å. The M is a transition metal (Cu, Ag, Au, Ti, V, Cr, Mo, W, Mn, Re, Fe, Ru, Os, Co, Rh, Ir, Ni and Pd). There is an example of a lanthanide, Yb and a actinide, U. The Pt atom has oxidation numbers 0, +2 and +4. The Pt coordination geometries include trigonal planar Pt(0); square planar Pt(II); trigonal bipyramidal, and pseudo octahedral Pt(IV), with the most frequent being square planar. The most common ligands for Pt are P and C donor atoms, as well as a chlorine atom. The Pt — Ag distance of 3.002(1) Å is the shortest found in this series. There are examples which contain two crystallographically independent molecules, which differ mostly by degree of distortion and even one unique example, which contains eight such molecules. These are examples of distortion isomerism. Factors affecting bond lengths and angles are discussed and some ambiguities in coordination polyhedral are outlined.


Land confl icts in Rwanda have attracted particular attention because they have both environmental and political causes. This paper attempts to shed light on the nature of land confl icts in present-day Rwanda based on popular justice records and interviews collected in two rural areas. From the analyses of these data, two types of land confl ict can be distin- guished. The fi rst type consists of those among family members. Given that land is the most important asset for ordinary rural households, its inheritance often brings about confl icts between right-holders. Those of the second type are triggered by political change. Impacts of the two national-level violent confl icts in Rwanda, the "social revolution" just before indepen- dence and the civil war in the 1990s, are of tremendous signifi cance in this context. The mili- tary victory of the former rebels in 1994 caused a massive return of Tutsi refugees, who were offi cially permitted to acquire land from the original inhabitants. Although no serious protesta- tion against this policy has occurred thus far, it has produced various land confl icts. Dealing with potential grievances among original inhabitants is an important challenge for the present government.


Whitney's regular families of curves revisited by J. M. Aarts and L. G. Oversteegen Sets of periodic points of functions on trees by S. Baldwin Indecomposability and dynamics of invariant plane separating continua by M. Barge and R. M. Gillette Rotational dynamics on cofrontiers by B. L. Brechner, M. D. Guay, and J. C. Mayer Fundamental regions of planar homeomorphisms by M. Brown Dense orbits of critical points for the tent map by K. M. Brucks, B. Diamond, M. V. Otero-Espinar, and C. Tresser Periods of surface homeomorphisms by J. Franks and J. Llibre Fixed-point problems in continuum theory by C. L. Hagopian A Technique for constructing examples by J. Kennedy Continuum theory and dynamics problems by W. Lewis The pseudo-arc by W. Lewis Dynamical properties of the shift map on the inverse limit space by S. Li Minimal sets, wandering domains, and rigidity in the $2$-torus by A. Norton Rotations of simply-connected regions and circle-like continua by J. T. Rogers, Jr. Chaos: An introduction to some topological aspects by R. Schori How big is the intersection of two thick Cantor sets? by R. F. Williams Problems in dynamics on continua by M. Barge and M. Brown.


Quantitative high‐resolution electron microscopy (QHREM) involves the detailed comparison of experimental high‐resolution images with image simulation based on a model and weighted by the estimated uncertainty in the experimental results. For simple metals, such as Al, models have been systematically improved using nonlinear least‐squares methods to obtain simulated images that are indistinguishable from experimental images within the experimental error. QHREM has been used to study the atomic structure of the Σ11(113)/[1¯10] in Al. In this paper, we focus on the method of refining electron‐optical imaging parameters and atomic structure to bring the simulated HREM image into agreement with the experimental result to within the experimental error and thus yield a result more useful to the materials scientist. Uncertainties in fitted parameters are studied using the conditional probability distribution function. We discuss experimental results for atomic column locations compared with atomistic simulations of the structure of the grain boundary.


Most organic chemical reactions are carried out in macroscopic vessels. The reactants are surrounded by solvent, and chemists attempt to direct outcomes by manipulating conditions, using catalysts, or using tailored reactants. But ultimately the fates of these reactions rest on the behavior of freely diffusing reactive species in essentially limitless space. But suppose the vessel is so small that it can accommodate only one molecule, or just one conformation of a molecule. A molecule thus restrained can't move freely. A growing body of research shows that how it reacts will depend on what paths it can access in this confined space. Consider, for example, a general asymmetric ketone A(CO)B. Photolysis removes the carbonyl group and yields free radicals A* and Bv In solution, these combine, producing a mixture of AA, AB, and BB in the ratio predicted by statistics for random pairing: 25,50, and 25%, respectively. But when the ketone is held in a cage, ...


The paper illustrates mix-administration's realization in one missile mix-affusion product line control system,and introduces the main characters of mix-affusion product line. Based on the technical support of king view and VB on DDE,this paper presents a mix-administration which was successfully applied in production.


Unique crystal-originated pit (COP) distribution, similar to a striation pattern, is well matched with the oxygen profile in experimental analysis. It shows the strong relationship between oxygen concentration and COP distribution. In this paper, we study the generation of void defects and the relationship between interstitial oxygen and vacancy using the kinetic lattice Monte Carlo (KLMC) method. The KLMC method has been applied extensively in various forms to the study of micro-defects in silicon wafers. It explained well the formation of void defects such as vacancy–oxygen complex and vacancy–vacancy complex. The formation of clusters is strongly affected by oxygen concentration, which showed the relationship between COP distribution and oxygen concentration. The unique COP distribution could be correctly explained with KLMC results, and this kind of meso-scale results has not yet been reported.


Dark Ages Saxon Une liste Saxons Ages-Sombres proposee par l'auteur de la regle Mark Sims. ; Troop type ; Morale ; CS ; BS ; WND ; ATT ; L'SHIP ; MOVE ; Armour ; Points ; Huscarl (1) ; Veteran ; Good ; - ; 4 ; 2 ; 8 ; 4 ; Med ; 116 ; Notes : Hand Weapons, Steadfast, Shieldwall. Upgrades : To Elite (+20 pts, attacks to 3), Armour to Heavy (+5 pts, move down to 3) Leadership to 9 (+2 pts), add 2 Handed weapons (+10 pts) ; Troop type ; Morale ; CS ; BS ; WND ; ATT ; L'SHIP ; MOVE ; Armour ; Points ; Thegn (2) (...)


Nowadays with the advancement in technology there is more and more use of electronic items and appliances, which results in e-waste. Waste due to electrical items (e-waste) includes the electrical waste of machines or the electronic appliances which are discarded after their use. E-waste is a source of a number of toxic chemicals that are harmful to the environment and nature. The purpose of this paper is to raise global awareness about e-waste and hazards related to it. Hence, this paper deals with the description of e-waste, the problems related with it, various methods to recover valuable items from e-waste, and its environment friendly disposal. Also from this paper we get to know about the best management techniques for waste, i.e. recycle and reuse, and we need to adapt proper management techniques for sustainable development. Otherwise, in the future, waste of electronics will be harmful.


Supercapacitors are useful in peak power applications to suppress and compensate transient effects that significantly affect batteries. Unfortunately, they suffer from self-discharge due to the redox reactions process in porous electrodes. This study aims at investigating into the effect of Alumina (Al2O3) as insulating layer (blocking layer) on the supercapacitors' performance during the self-discharge phenomenon. Two models of supercapacitors were developed, and implemented in the Matlab/Simulink software. The first model is without, and the second one with Al2O3 coating. Some simulations are performed. The results demonstrate that an application of an ultra-thin insulating layer of Al2O3 with a thickness about 0.5 nm on the electrodes of supercapacitors may reduce the faradic reactions rate by 17% and the leakage current by 77.73%. However, the specific capacitance of the electrical double layer may decrease by 45.35% and the voltage drop is about 50% for devices without Al2O3 compared to 0.02% with Al2O3.


During the Great Chinese Revolution of 1925 to 1927, Shanghai student groups were a force to be reckoned with in the sociopolitical movement of the times. A considerable amount of historical writing has been published on the subject, mainly describing the process of the movement itself or simply emphasizing its political angle. This paper purports to make a cross-section behavioral analysis of the subject, and will try to break through the constraints of political history by using the approaches of social psychology.


Abstract Brittleness is a key property for horizontal well placement, fracture development, and production sustainability assessments of unconventional shale and gas plays. Conventionally, brittleness is estimated from Young's modulus and Poisson's ratio, and averaged. As Young's modulus is a function of density, field wide brittleness estimation from Young's modulus after seismic inversion may be compromised because density is the least accurate estimate compared to acoustic impedance and shear impedance. A simple quantitatively equivalent brittleness computation can be made from using Young's modulus × density rather than directly from Young's modulus. Further, it is preferable to use the average brittleness estimation from Young's modulus × density and shear modulus × density rather than the conventional average, because Poisson's ratio is an indicator of lithology rather than brittleness. Examples of brittleness and total organic carbon estimation first from well logs, then from rock parameters inverted from 3D land seismic data successfully mapped a brittle shale zone in a Silurian hot shale, a known source rock onshore Turkey and now targeted as oil shale play. The estimated brittleness and total organic carbon showed agreement with the core analysis made at another well on the same prospect.


This paper discusses the connotations and characters of value assessment of target enterprise in the process of enterprise merger.The questions about value assessment of target enterprise in China are analyzed and the countermeasures then are suggested.


PURPOSE: To describe the Ocular Health Campaign ("Olho no Olho" - 2000), as perceived by parents of schoolchildren who study at Alagoas State public schools, in the city of Maceio. METHODS: Questionnaires were applied to 263 parents of the school children, chosen at random from a group of 1996 children referred to attendance. Interviews were done between August and October 2001 in order to collect data and the opinions about the stages of the Campaign, ocular health and the social aspects of the parents. RESULTS: The parents of 263 children referred to appointment were interviewed, of which 89.35% were present at the appointment and 82.98% were accompanied by the interviewed parent; 82.13% of the examinations were performed through a special gratuitous work regimen in a school of the region; 73.85% considered satisfactory the information given about the prescription or non-prescription of glasses, at time of appointments. Glasses were prescribed for 47.23% of the children, of which 87.39% received the glasses; 65.77% of the interviewed parents stated that there was no delay in the delivery of the glasses; 69.07% stated that their child liked the received glasses and 79.38% of the children were wearing the glasses. The Campaign was approved by 91.64% of the interviewed parents; 69.96% were the children's mothers and 66.92% could read. The family income was up to R$ 300 in 71.86% of the interviewed parents; 15.59% of the interviewed wore glasses. Of the 10.65% of subjects who were not present at the appointment, 28.57% alleged lack of money for transportation. CONCLUSIONS: Good presence of children and their parents at examinations in the special gratuitous work regimen. The parents were satisfied with the Campaign. The production and delivery of glasses was accomplished with satisfactory results. The target population is destitute and they have a low educational level. We suggest that the families of the schoolchildren are better advised about ocular health and the prescription of glasses at the examination.


Abstract Measurements of the DC conductivity over more than five orders of magnitude and AC impedance over 5 Hz–13 MHz have been performed on V 2 O 3 and Cr-doped V 2 O 3 undergoing the antiferromagnetic insulator–paramagnetic metal phase transition. The governing factor in the explanation of the experimental results is creation of cracks during the phase transition. The electrical characteristics are interpreted in terms of the formation of metallic filaments in the insulating antiferromagnetic matrix beyond a critical frequency in applied power.


The recent introduction of portable, low‐cost hyperspectral radiometers for measuring the reflectance of marine intertidal habitats has considerable promise, first as a source of reference spectra for airborne and satellite remote sensing, and second as a survey technique in its own right. This paper reports on the results of an intercalibration exercise in which two designs of commercially available instruments were used to measure reflectance spectra across a diverse, intertidal site. The substrates sampled included seagrasses, macroalgae, and sediments which varied in wetness and grain size. Spectra were compared statistically using several measures of similarity, and the results showed a high degree of correlation between the measured reflectance spectra. There were no significant differences between instruments from different manufacturers in the shape of reflectance spectra, but the signal‐to‐noise ratio varied considerably between individual instruments. Spectra measured by operators with lesser experience in field spectrometry tended to be more variable than those of more experienced operators, indicating that training and adherence to set protocols are important when implementing this method in the field situation. Spatial plots derived from field spectra showed essentially the same trends in surface features as plots created using traditional sampling and remote sensing methods. Furthermore, the use of field spectrometry as a stand‐alone, low‐cost method for rapidly mapping the distribution of major habitat types was demonstrated by the results of a survey of a large intertidal sandbank.


The effective surface charge obtained by fitting the Poisson-Boltzmann approximation to measured data is related to the actual surface charge. Evaluation of the formally exact expression, which depends upon the wall-ion direct correlation function, gives a precise measure of the amount of ion condensation in the planar double layer. Results are presented for 0.001, 0.01, and 0.1 M monovalent and divalent restricted primitive model electrolytes using the singlet hypernetted chain closure with the first bridge diagram. In general, the apparent surface charge is less than the actual surface charge, due to the influence of ion-ion correlations. Thus, the Poisson-Boltzmang approximation underestimates the actual surface charge and overestimates the amount of counterion binding. At high surface charge densities and apparent surface charge saturates, and there is a maximum surface charge density that a given electrolyte will appear to support. At surface charge densities beyond this and high concentrations (e.g. 0.1 M divalent, 75 %1* per unit surface charge), charge reversal occurs, due to overscreening by the counterions in the first layer adjacent to the surface.


The joint project conducted by the Eurasia Department and the Institute for Prehistoric Archaeology of FU Berlin together with scholars from the Republic of Moldova and the Ukraine is devoted to the investigation of the early Copper Age culture system in the steppes of the north-western Black Sea, an area that owing to its geo-strategical position was predestined to become a contact zone between two cultural spheres in prehistory: sedentary and mobile cultures. The investigations focus on the interactions between the sedentary Bolgrad-Aldeni culture and the mobile sceptre-bearing groups, interactions that marked the development of the local early Copper Age and at the same time embody the first hitherto known cultural contacts within the above-named geocultural framework. Thanks to the outstanding participative work the above named colleagues, an interdisciplinary research project could be established, which embraces the fields of archaeology, climatology, archaeobotany, archaeozoology and anthropology. The results gained from these undertakings have enabled the research team to largely accomplish the endeavours of investigating the culture historical relevance of the settlement of Orlovka-Kartal, and to address complex of questions concerning the role played by the northwestern Black Sea area in the context of the emergence and development of the European Copper Age.


Robot-assisted surgery (RAS) has become the development trend of surgical operation due to its advantages of small trauma and fast postoperative recovery. A master-slave surgical robot system usually includes a master console and several patient-side manipulators with robotic instruments at the end. Although existing master manipulators have been designed ergonomically, surgeon still could experience physical symptoms, fatigue or discomfort. Therefore, intuitiveness, comfort and cost are worth considering. In this paper, a minimally invasive surgical robot system based on Virtual Reality (VR) tracking system and Robot Operating System (ROS) is proposed to provide a novel master method. In addition, the flexible robot instruments of the surgical robot is presented and master-slave interactive control research based on handle controllers is shown. Finally, simulation verification with VR hardware is carried out. The experiment results verified the availability and stability.


1Precision Health Program, Department of Radiology, College of Human Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA; 2Lyman Briggs College, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA; 3Institute for Quantitative Health Science and Engineering, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA; 4College of Natural Science, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA; 5Department of Radiology, College of Human Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA Abstract: The properties of cancer stem cells (CSCs) have recently gained attention as an avenue of intervention for cancer therapy. In this review, we highlight some of the key roles of CSCs in altering the cellular microenvironment in favor of cancer progression. We also report on various studies in this field which focus on transformative properties of CSCs and their influence on surrounding cells or targets through the release of cellular cargo in the form of extracellular vesicles. The findings from these studies encourage the development of novel interventional therapies that can target and prevent cancer through efficient, more effective methods. These methods include targeting immunosuppressive proteins and biomarkers, promoting immunization against tumors, exosome-mediated CSC conversion, and a focus on the quiescent properties of CSCs and their role in cancer progression. The resulting therapeutic benefit and transformative potential of these novel approaches to stem cell-based cancer therapy provide a new direction in cancer treatment, which can focus on nanoscale, molecular properties of the cellular microenvironment and establish a more precision medicine-oriented paradigm of treatment.


A step-up converter circuit for the sinusoidal line current rectification at a unity power factor is described. A Bipolar-Static-Induction-Transitor (B-SIT) with extremely fast switching times is utilized. The gate drive and the snubber circuits are presented. A new way to achieve current hysteresis control without noise problems for switching frequencies up to 100 kHz is developed. Measured overall efficiency and the transistor losses are presented. At 1 kw dc output, the total transistor switching and conduction losses are 9 watts at about 100 kHz switching frequency. The overall rectification efficiency is in a 97–98.5% range. Justification for the use of step-up converters is given. Component selection and the stability in the feedback loop is analyzed. The converter is especially advantageous for single phase in — three phase out, variable frequency ac motor drives in lower horsepower applications.


A common objective of terrorists is to create a climate of fear that erodes citizens' confidence in the ability of government to keep them safe from harm. The desired result is to provoke changes in certain government policies.1 Osama bin Laden apparently had this goal in mind when he approved the September 11, 2001, attacks on the World Trade Center and the Pentagon. It seems unlikely, however, that bin Laden intended for the attacks to prompt a weakening of U.S. laws that protect public health and the environment. Yet that has been the result. The Department of Defense ("DOD") and others in the Bush administration have cited the threat of a renewed terrorist attack to argue that these laws should be relaxed to enable proper training of American military forces and the development of new weapons systems needed to execute the 'war on terrorism.' In early 2002, only a few months after the September 11th terrorist attacks, the Pentagon announced a highly organized, multi-year campaign entitled Readiness and Range Preservation Initiative ("RRPI"). RRPI was designed to promote sweeping changes in some of the United States' most important environmental laws. The initiative included proposals to amend the Clean Air Act, the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act, the Endangered Species Act, the Marine Mammal Protection Act, the Migratory Bird Treaty Act, the Superfund law, and perhaps even the Clean Water Act. Meanwhile, the Pentagon began moving on a broad front to foster regulatory reforms that would make it easier for the military to comply with these laws.3 In addition, the Bush administration sharply limited public access to government information that would enable public participation in environmental decisions affecting the military. Ironically, the government's response to the September 11th terrorist attacks may place the American people at greater overall risk of harm. That is because the environmental sacrifices sought by the Bush administration do not appear to be justified by any resulting improvements in military readiness and national security.


Previous studies investigated the flow in a local scour hole mainly from two perspectives, i.e. mean velocity and turbulence, but there is no literature exploring it from the perspective of pressure. This study investigates the dynamic pressure fields in a local scour hole formed by a wall jet using PIV (particle image velocimetry) data to solve the Navier–Stokes (N-S) and Reynolds-averaged Navier–Stokes (RANS) equations, respectively. A comparison between the two cases with the effect of turbulence (solved by RANS equations) and without the effect (by N-S equations) reveals that turbulence reinforces pressure in the local sour hole. The wall jet experiences cyclical energy transitions in the forms between kinetic energy and pressure energy over its interactions with the sediment bed and the water surface. It is revealed that pressure energy is predominant by examining the ratios of the pressure energy to the average kinetic energy in the scour hole.


: Background: DM remains a serious cause of morbidity and mortality. In Egypt, the prevalence of type 2 DM is around 15.6% of all adults aged 20 to 79 years and around 32.4% of elderly population. DM affects not only physical health, but also mental wellbeing as upon diagnosis, patient acquires added responsibilities, planning and self-monitoring to manage DM and reach the desired targeted glycemic control. Diabetes Distress (DD) is the negative psychological reaction related to emotional burdens and worries specific to individual's experience while managing a severe and complicated chronic disease as diabetes. DD is higher in females, having more complications, poor diet and longer diabetic duration. DD is associated with higher levels of HbA1c. DD is different and distinguishable from depression. Aim of the study: to study Diabetic Distress in a sample of Egyptian diabetic elderly patients. Patients & Methods: A Descriptive cross-sectional study on 100 elderly Egyptian diabetic patients aged ≥ 60 years. Full history taking, comprehensive geriatric assessment, DDS17 questionnaire and HbA1c testing were performed for all participants. Results: The total DD among the studied cases was 37%. The most affected domain was regimen distress (54%) followed by emotional distress (28%) then physician distress (26%) and lastly interpersonal distress (25%). DD increase significantly with being female, obesity, non-married, longer diabetic duration, longer hypertension duration, using insulin, having diabetic complications and untreated cataract. It was associated with poor glycemic control as there was a statistically significant correlation between total DD and mean HbA1c. Conclusions: The DD is prevalent among elderly diabetic patients and associated with multiple risk factors which may need further studying.


The purpose of this study in order to understand the current situation and problems of Elderly health policy in South Korea. Modern welfare societies is very importance for Elderly health policy and support policy system. This study helps diagnose the phenomenon of the welfare program for senior citizens our country and The purpose of the Direction of Health Policy for the Elderly in the future. Improve health and quality of life of the Elderly in all systematic policy is needed. The variety of healthcare policy for the 'Elderly better quality of life' and 'maintenance' needed and to be real of healthcare policy.


Active Noise Cancellation (ANC) is a well researched topic for minimizing unwanted acoustic noise, and spatial ANC is a recently introduced concept that focuses on continuous spatial regions. Adaptive filter designing for spatial ANC is often based on frequency-domain spherical harmonic decomposition method, which has a major limitation due to the increased system latency. In this paper, we develop a time-domain spherical harmonic based signal decomposition method and use it to develop two time-space domain feed-forward adaptive filters for spatial ANC. Through simulations we show that the proposed methods can achieve higher noise reduction performance over the control region with microphones located on the surface of the region compared to the conventional time-domain adaptive filter.


This thesis tries to introduce the new concept of modern human resources management into the cadre as- sessment of universities and colleges.It gives a detailed explanation on such areas as the basic principles,significance and assessing factors of cadre assessment,which aims at solving the cadre assessment dilemma pervasive in domestic universi- ties and colleges,as well as offering solutions to the assessment of cadres achievements and efficiency in universities and colleges and to the establishment of the related system.


Binary black holes (BBHs) appear to be widespread and are able to merge through the emission of gravitational waves, as recently illustrated by Laser Interferometer Gravitational-Wave Observatory (LIGO). The spin of the BBHs is one of the parameters that LIGO can infer from the gravitational-wave signal and can be used to constrain their production site. If BBHs are assembled in stellar clusters, they are likely to interact with stars, which could occasionally lead to a tidal disruption event (TDE). When a BBH tidally disrupts a star, it can accrete a significant fraction of the debris, effectively altering the spins of the BHs. Therefore, although dynamically formed BBHs are expected to have random spin orientations, tidal stellar interactions can alter their birth spins both in direction and magnitude. Here we investigate how TDEs by BBHs can affect the properties of the BH members as well as exploring the characteristics of the resulting electromagnetic signatures. We conduct hydrodynamic simulations with a Lagrangian Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics code of a wide range of representative tidal interactions. We find that both spin magnitude and orientation can be altered and temporarily aligned or anti-aligned through accretion of stellar debris, with a significant dependence on the mass ratio of the disrupted star and the BBH members. These tidal interactions feed material to the BBH at very high accretion rates, with the potential to launch a relativistic jet. The corresponding beamed emission is a beacon to an otherwise quiescent BBH.


Dynamic response of structures subjected to earthquake-induced base excitations are often simplified by ignoring the tilt components of ground motion. However, close to the earthquake source, tilting of the ground surface may become significant. Based on strong-motion records at the Pacoima Dam-upper left abutment obtained during the 1994 Northridge Earthquake, residual tilt reached 3.1° in the N45°E direction while the dynamic tilt remained higher. This study investigates the consequences of neglecting the effects of the tilt component in ground motions on elastic and inelastic spectral ordinates. A complete equation of motion for a single-degree-of-freedom SDOF oscillator is developed which includes the effects of tilt as the secondary P- effect in addition to inertial force effects due to angular and translation accelerations. The expected values of the largest response peaks are computed for the translational and tilting excitations to investigate the relative contribution of each forcing function. The coupled tilt and translational ground motion response spectrum CTT spectrum is generated considering elastic and inelastic response of SDOF oscillator. The CTT spectrum reflects kinematic characteristics of the ground motion that are not identifiable by the translational ground motion response spectrum alone and therefore emerges as a distinct intensity measure of translational ground motion when it is coupled with dynamic tilting of the ground surface on the order of few degrees.


Abstract The electrolysis of renewable energy to produce hydrogen has become a strategy for supporting a decarbonized economy. However, it is typically not cost-effective compared to conventional carbon-emitting methods. Due to the predicted intermediate of low-and zero-marginal-cost renewable energy sources, the ability of electrolysis to connect with electricity pricing offers a novel way to cost reduction. Moreover, renewables, particularly photovoltaics, have a deflationary effect on the value of the grid when they are deployed. This study investigates solar electrolysis configurations employing photovoltaic cells to feed a proton exchange membrane water electrolyzer for hydrogen production. Using experimental meteorological data at 1-min precision, the system has been evaluated in Baghdad, the capital of Iraq. Positioned at the yearly optimum tilt angle for the selected site, the solar array is rated at 12 kWp. Temperature effects on solar module energy loss are taken into account. Several electrolyzers with capacities ranging from 2 to 14 kW in terms of hydrogen production were examined to determine the efficacy and efficiency of renewable sources. MATLAB was utilized for the simulation procedure, with a 2021–2035 project lifespan in mind. The results suggest that a variety of potentially cost-competitive options exist for systems with market configurations that closely approximate wholesale renewable hydrogen. At 4313 h of operation per year, the planned photovoltaic array generated 18,892 kWh of energy. The achieved hydrogen production cost ranges between $5.39/kg and $3.23/kg, with an ideal electrolyzer capacity of 8 kW matching a 12 kWp photovoltaic array capable of producing 450 kg/year of hydrogen at a cost of $3.23/kg.


The probation officer in a correctional milieu is confronted more and more by a clientele with various psycho-social pro b -lems, one of them psychiatric. By means of a case study, the authors examined the role of the probation officer in pre-sen-tence evaluation and post-sentence intervention vis-a-vis offenders and referrals to community resourcesThe first objective of the probation officer is to help in some way resolve the social conflict engendered by the offence and keep this in mind when dealing with the offender social services.


This dataset records metadata on every decision made by the US Forest Service under the National Environmental Policy Act between 2005 and 2018. The data is derived from metadata recorded in the US Forest Service's Planning, Appeals, and Litigation System Database, which is not easily accessible to the public. See the Readme for more information.


Urine of reproductively mature female rainbow trout was shown to contain a priming pheromone which raised the levels of 17a,20β-dihydroxy-4-pregnen-3-one (17,20β-P), testosterone and gonadotrophin II in the blood plasma of reproductively mature male rainbow trout. Milt volumes, however, were unaffected.

Because it had been established in a previous study that the sulphated form of 17,20β-P is abundant in the urine of spawning rainbow trout, synthetic 17a,20β-dihydroxy-4-pregnen-3-one 20-sulphate was also tested for pheromonal activity. It was found to have only a smalt and inconsistent priming effect on steroid levels and did not alter the orientation or spawning activity of males.

It was also shown that, in the majority of experiments, there was a significant drop, over the course of 24 h, in the levels of 17,20β-P and testosterone in the control groups of males.


Adaptive gridlines visualise alignments in graphic designs for diagrams, documents and user interfaces. Adaptive gridlines are particularly useful for drawing the attention of users who are not trained graphic designers to the alignments in their designs.


It is urgent but still remains challenging to boost the alkaline water oxidation activity of transition metal oxide electrocatalysts for applications. In this work, we report our recent finding that surface introduction of an amorphous nickel–borate (Ni-Bi) layer on a nickel oxide (NiO) nanosheet array on carbon cloth (NiO/CC) can greatly enhance its electrochemical water oxidation activity under alkaline conditions. In a 1.0 M KOH solution, the resulting core–shell NiO@Ni-Bi/CC shows superior electrochemical catalytic activity of only 290 mV to drive 10 mA cm–2, 100 mV less than that for NiO/CC. Meanwhile, this catalyst electrode shows great long-term durability for at least 25 h. The high activity can be ascribed to the Ni-Bi layer on NiO promoting NiOOH generation as the active species. This study provides us an abundant water oxidation catalyst in an alkaline water electrolysis device for high-performance, durable electrolytic hydrogen production.


Epitaxial GaAs MESFETs with exceptionally low distortion and simultaneously high efficiency have been manufactured for use in linear power amplifier modules. When tuned for linearity, 15 mm devices exhibit Psat>34.5 dBm and PAE>68% at Vds=5.8 V and 835 MHz (single tone). With two tone average Pout=30 dBm, these devices exhibit PAE>48%, IM/sub 3/<-35 dBc, and IM/sub 5/<-45 dBc.


This is an account and analysis of the United Nations peacekeeping operation mounted in Cambodia betwween 1991 and 1993 in fulfilment of the 1991 Paris Peace Settlement. Although its mission was jeopardized by non-cooperation of the Khymer Rouge, the UN Transitional Authority in Cambodia (UNTAC) successfully guided Cambodia back to democratic, constitutional government and relative peace. This study reveals the successes and failures of UNTAC and draws lessons for future UN peacekeeping operations.


This experiment was conducted to study the effects of hydrolyzed yeast on growth performance,lipids metabolism and intestinal structure of largemouth bass( Micropterus salmoides),and to evaluate the efficacy of hydrolyzed yeast in the largemouth bass diet. In the experiment,three isoproteic( 47 % crude protein)and isoenergetic(20. 0 M J / kg gross energy) diets were formulated: a high fish meal diet containing 35 % low-temperature drying fish meal was designed as control diet( named FM),and 50 % of the fish meal was replaced by plant protein mixture( soybean meal + wheat gluten) with 3 % hydrolyzed yeast( named HY) or not(named SBM) on the basis of amino acid balance. Largemouth bass with the initial body weight of(20. 80 ±0. 04) g were as experimental animal,and those were randomly divided into 3 groups which reared in an indoor water-recirculating system lasted for 8 weeks. Each group had 4 replicates and each replicate had 25 fish.The results showed that the weight gain rate,specific growth rate and feed intake in HY group were significantly higher than those in FM and SBM groups( P 0. 05),while the hepaticsomatic index in HY group was significantly lower than that in FM and SBM groups( P 0. 05). The content of whole body crude lipid in FM group was significantly lower than that in HY and SBM groups( P 0. 05). The content of serum high-density lipoprotein cholesterol in HY and SBM groups was significantly higher than that in FM group( P 0. 05),while the content of liver total cholesterol in HY and SBM groups was significantly lower than that in FM group(P 0. 05). The contents of serum triglyceride and free fatty acids and the content of liver fat showed a similar change,that was FM group was significantly lower than SBM group( P 0. 05) and no significant differences were found in FM and HY groups( P 0. 05). After 50 % of the fish meal was replaced by plant protein mixture,the intestinal tissue appeared muscular layer thinner and villi integrity drop,while the symptoms of intestinal injuries were released by hydrolyzed yeast. This study indicates that 3 % hydrolyzed yeast supplementation can significantly improve the growth performance,improve the live healthy status,promote the liver fat and cholesterol metabolism and repair the intestinal injuries of largemouth bass when 50 % fish meal substitution by plant protein mixture under this experimental conditions.


The parasitic worm–derived immunomodulator ES‐62 protects against disease in the mouse collagen‐induced arthritis (CIA) model of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) by suppressing pathogenic interleukin‐17 (IL‐17) responses. The Th17‐associated cytokine IL‐22 also appears to have a pathogenic role in autoimmune arthritis, particularly in promoting proinflammatory responses by synovial fibroblasts and osteoclastogenesis. The present study was undertaken to investigate whether the protection against joint damage afforded by ES‐62 also reflects suppression of IL‐22.


Warfarin has been the traditional oral anticoagulant used to prevent thrombo-embolic events in high-risk patients with atrial fibrillation (AF). The introduction of novel oral anticoagulants (NOACs) for stroke prevention in patients with non-valvular AF represents a major advance in the treatment of these arrhythmias. The NOACs provide an efficacy and safety profile equal to or better than warfarin. 1‐3 For the patient, they provide many advantages, including a rapid onset and offset of action and freedom from frequent blood testing to monitor the anticoagulant effect. Once these NOACs were approved by regulatory agencies, electrophysiologists beganusingthem forthrombo-embolic prophylaxis in patients with non-valvular AF. This promptedthe dilemma of how to manage oral anticoagulation in the peri-procedural AF ablation period, during which patients have an increased risk for thromboembolic events beyond each patient's intrinsic risk because of prolonged left heart catheterization, the risk of sheath thrombi, and the potential for thrombo-embolic events related to energyapplicationduringtissueablation.Ourgroupwasanearlyadopterofutilizing dabigatran in the peri-ablation period and reported a small observational study suggesting that briefly interrupted dabigatran appeared safe and efficacious. 4 We chose to interrupt dabigatran 36 h preablation in patients with normal renal function because of the lack of an antidote should major bleeding occur during the procedure. Patients were given one dose of enoxaparin 0.5 mg/kg immediately at the end of the procedure, again 12 h later and the dabigatran was resumed the morning after the procedure. We chose to cover patients with enoxaparin in the early hours following the procedure because of reports in the orthopaedic literature that dabigatran was notwellabsorbedfollowingsurgery. 5 Shortlyafterthepublicationof our article, Lakkireddy et al. 6 reported a comparison of dabigatran with uninterrupted warfarin. The dabigatran was held the morning oftheprocedureandresumedshortlypost-procedure.Thispublicationcametotheoppositeconclusionofourstudyandsuggestedthat dabigatran resulted in significantly more thrombo-embolic events and more bleeding than uninterrupted warfarin. In that study, the increased risk of bleeding seemed largely attributable to the near lack of interruption of dabigatran; however, the increased rate of thrombo-embolic events is more difficult to explain. The disparate conclusions of these two early reports on the use of dabigatran in the peri-ablation period sparked the publication of a number of otherstudiescomparingwarfarinwithdabigatranintheperi-ablation period,severalofwhichdirectlycommenteduponthedifferentconclusionsoftheseearlystudiesasjustificationforpublishingmoredata on this subject. ThisissueoftheJournalcontainstwoexcellentmeta-analysesofall currently available studies in the literature comparing warfarin with dabigatranintheperi-ablationperiod. 7,8 Theincludedstudiesutilized bothuninterruptedandinterruptedwarfarintherapyandallthedabigatran studies used a brief period of dabigatran interruption ranging from holding the dabigatran the morning of the procedure to 24‐ 30 h pre-procedure. In general, dabigatran was resumed shortly after the procedure once haemostasis had been achieved. Both meta-analyses found that compared with warfarin, dabigatran had a similar rate of thrombo-embolic events and bleeding complications. These meta-analyses add clarity to the use of dabigatran in the periablation period. It would appear that a very brief period of interrup


Background: As an entry point for illicit drug trafficking, Yunnan was hit hard by the twin epidemics of drug abuse and HIV/AIDS. There are no empirical studies regarding the reasons for initiation of drug use in Yunnan. Objectives: The study investigated the reasons for initiating drug use in drug-dependent adolescents and youths in five regions in Yunnan. Methods: The data were collected in 2004–2005 from a stratified random sample of 467 registered drug addicts under age 25. Pearson chi-square tests were used to analyze the association of reasons for drug use with sociodemographic factors, knowledge of drug related harm, and access to illicit drugs. Results: Curiosity was the most commonly reported reason for initiating drug use and the majority of the respondents reported having little or no knowledge of drug-related harm. The majority of the drug abusers initiated drug use at the age of 13–14 years or younger. Conclusions: There is a potential for sustained educational programs to reduce the high prevalence of adolescent drug use in Yunnan. Scientific Significance: This is the first empirical study that has investigated reasons for initiating drug use based on a random sample of registered drug users in a high risk province of China.


The concept of green runs through the whole design process of Touxing Port Shore Children Park,Qidong City,Jiangsu Province which aims to create an amusement park for children to exercise,improve skills,be culturally enlightened,and cultivate tastes and characters,and to provide a natural ecological city waterfront recreational place for the citizens of Qidong City.The park is divided into three functional areas:the leisure ecological area,the popular science cognition area,and the entertainment and sports area,respectively with green and design,green and exchange,and green and activity as their themes.The design uses the imaginative image and unique way of thinking to devise the entertainment items.


Experience has shown that the forces on turbine generator armature windings during short-circuit conditions are large. The windings may be seriously damaged if adequate consideration is not given to the design of the coil bracing and support. In this paper the forces are calculated for a particular case by the use of images, by the change of flux interlinkages, and by the ∫ H2 d s over some surface in air which surrounds the conductor under consideration. A new and relatively simple proof is given for the validity of the latter method. The limitations and desirable applications of each method are considered. Forces on conductors in armature slots are computed when saturation is considered, and when neglected. Approximate formulas are derived for the forces on coil sides within one layer of the conical end winding, and for the straight coil extensions from the slots. A numerical example is given in each of those cases. The applicability of certain of these formulas to the phase connecting rings is pointed out. The force on the entire conical surface of the end winding is discussed qualitatively. Certain desirable features of end winding bracing are mentioned. In most of these cases, the instant considered is that following a line-to-neutral short circuit when the maximum possible instantaneous current is flowing.


This paper presents a satellite image compression scheme based on a post-processing of the wavelet transform of images. The bandelet transform is a directional post-processing of wavelet coefficients. Thanks to a low computational complexity, this transform is a good candidate for future on-board satellite image compression systems. First, we analyze the ability of the bandelets to exploit directional correlations between wavelet coefficients. This study leads to an improved post-processing with a better decorrelation of adjacent wavelet coefficients in the vertical or in the horizontal direction taking into account the wavelet subband orientations. To perform even better decorrelation, bases are also build by principal component analysis (PCA). This results in an improved compression performance without increasing the computational complexity.


wrongful dismissal and could mean that a purported dismissal is ineffective to bring the primary obligations under the contract of employment to an end. If this interpretation were to be adopted, injunctions could be available to restrain any breach, by either seller or buyer. The issue did not arise in Litster, where the plaintiff sought unfair dismissal compensation. It will be interesting to see if workers attempt in the future to use the Regulations to restrict the employers' freedom to "buy out" jobs by paying compensation for dismissals connected with transfers.


We determined the concentrations of lead and cadmium in edible parts of Colocasiaesculenta,Amaranthusspp. and Ipomoea batata cultivated on farms in industrially polluted sections of Nyabugogomarsh (Kigali, Rwanda) and quantified metal intake by consumers of these crops. We report that metalconcentrations in crops were within EU limits. The highest metal concentrations were found in Amaranthusspp. leaves (lead = 0.31 mg/kg and cadmium = 0.03 mg/kg) and the lowestin I. batata (lead = 0.02 mg/kg and cadmium = 0.01 mg/kg). Conversely, metal intake through these crops by adults in a surveyed community exceeded thresholds prescribed by the World Health Organization (WHO). Based on crop consumption quantities, dietary lead intake by adults exceeded the recommended maximum by as much as seven and four orders of magnitude through Amaranthusspp and C. esculenta,respectively. Cadmium intake exceeded the WHO recommended maximum by two (Amaranthusspp and C. esculenta)and three (I. batata) orders of magnitude.


While Milton"s decision to become a poet-priest rather than an ordained minister is commonly regarded as an expression of Milton"s preference for a poetic vocation over that of a ministerial vocation within the Anglican Church, it is the view of this paper that what Milton is actually does is transforms and expands the traditional role of a poet to include the ministerial function, thereby bringing poetry and preaching together. The result of such an expanded view of poetry espoused by Milton, besides elevating the layman as equal to that of the priest in matters of faith, is that it led to a corresponding expansion of the possibilities in the area of religious poetry. Certain subject matters, such as sermons and biblical exegesis, previously deemed unsuitable for the laity, can now be broached openly with equal justification. A good case in point is the angelic discourses in Milton"s Paradise Lost where the poet appropriates the voice of the angel Michael in order to teach and correct in book 11 and 12. Considering that a "sermon intends Exhortation principally and Edification and a holy stirring of religious affections" (Donne VIII 3.10-11), it is possible to read the voice of Michael as an attempt to teach (or edify) the fallen about God"s mercies as following the sermonic format for sermonic ends, which is to exhort the fallen to correct their wrong. And, such an effort to teach and exhort through poetry may be at the heart of Milton"s vocation as a poet-priest.


57 ABSTRACT 21 Appl. No.: 514,764 The specification describes a method for preparing a phenol (22 Filed: Aug. 14, 1995 modified dicyclopentadiene resin. The method comprises 5 reacting (a) dicyclopentadiene, (b) a phenol selected from 3. Es a a ER'Sg the group consisting of an alkyl phenol having the formula CHCHCHOH, where n is from 1 to 9, and a bisphenol having the formula HOCH (CR),CHOH, where R is independently hydrogen or a C-C alkyl group and x is from 1 to 4, or mixtures thereof; (c) a fatty acid or a derivative thereof selected from the group consisting of tall oil, a tall oil derivative, dimer fatty acid, linseed oil and mixtures thereof; and (d) an unsaturated organic diacid or an anhydride thereof, at a temperature and autogenous pressure 528/193; 528/194; 528/212 528/219; 528/272; 528/295.3; 528/295.5; 528/302; 528/303; 528/306; 528/307; 106/20 R; 106/27 R 58) Field of Search ..................................... 528/176, 192, 528/193, 194, 212, 219, 272,295.3, 295.5, 302,303, 306, 307; 126/20R, 23 E, 27 R


Aim of the present study was to test whether ionizing radiation (IR) treatment along with 3,3′‐diselenodipropionic acid (DSePA), a redox active organodiselenide achieved better tumor control by suppressing the growth and migration of lung cancer cells. The results indicated that post‐IR (2 Gy) treatment of DSePA (5 μM) led to a significantly higher cell death as compared to that of DSePA and IR treatments separately. Importantly, combinatorial treatment also showed reduction in the proportion of cancer stem cells and the clonogenic survival of A549 cells. The mechanistic studies indicated that combinatorial treatment although exhibited reductive environment (marked by decrease in ROS and increase of GSH/GSSG) at early time points (2–6 h postradiation), slowed DNA repair, inhibited epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT)/cell migration and induced significant level of apoptosis. DSePA mediated suppression of ATM/DNAPKs/p53 (DNA damage response signaling) and Akt/G‐CSF (EMT) pathways appeared to be the major mechanism responsible for its radio‐modulating activity. Finally, the combined treatment of IR (2 Gy × 4) and DSePA (0.1–0.25 mg/kg body weight daily through oral gavage) showed a significantly higher tumor suppression of the A549 xenograft as compared to that of DSePA and IR treatments separately in the mouse model. In conclusion, post‐IR treatment of DSePA augmented cell kill by inhibiting DNA repair and cell migration in A549 cells.


Background: There is only retrospective and very limited data for the long term prognosis of Takayasu's Arteritis (TAK), a rare large-vessel vasculitis. Objectives: In this study, we aimed to present the preliminary results of a Takayasu Inception Cohort settled for long term, prospective follow-up of only newly-diagnosed patients with TAK. Methods: Patients fullfilling the American College of Rheumatology 1990 criteria for TAK and diagnosed in the last 12 months were included to the study. Patients' data were recorded in an electronic database of an international "Takayasu's Arteritis Registry" requiring baseline and at least annual visits. Data is compared with an historical Turkish cohort previously published (Bıçakçıgil, et al, 2009). Results: The study included 170 patients (age: 38.5±13.1 years, F/M: 143/27) with TAK from 15 tertiary Rheumatology centers in Turkey. The mean symptom duration of patients was 5.2 years at diagnosis. According to the angiographic classification, 68.2% of the study group had type I and only 18.3% had type V disease. When we compared our results to our retrospective cohort (previously published by Turkish Takayasu Arteritis Study Group), constitutional symptoms (115/165= 69.6% vs 66%) and limb claudication (87/131= 66.4% vs 48%) were observed to be more frequent, whereas pulselessness (45/130=34.6%vs 88%) was less in the inception cohort.(Table 1) Carotidynia was present only in the inception cohort. Similarly, mucocutaneous symptoms also seem to be a feature of newly-diagnosed disease (30/162=18.5% vs 8.8%). Regarding comorbidities at diagnosis, the rate of dyslipidemia was 17.6 (30/165)%, diabetes mellitus 15.1(25/165)%, smoking 20 (34/164)% and obesity (BMI>30) 14 (22/157)% among TAK patients. All patients were given oral corticosteroid (CS) therapy (0.5-1 mg/kg) at diagnosis, 17 patients (17/170=10%) also having CS pulses. In addition to CSs, 86 patients (50.6%) were given methotrexate, 31patients (18.2%) azathioprine, 6 (3.5%) cyclophosphomide, 12 patients (7.1%)leflunamide, 2(1.2%) patients mycophenolate mofetil and 5(2.9%) patients biologics at disease-onset(2 tocilizumab, 2 infliximab, 1 adalimumab). Biologic agents were chosen for 7 patients (7/32) at last vizit(1 adalimumab, 4 tosiluzumab, 2 infliximab). Seventy-three patients (42.9%) had follow-up > 3 months. Remission was observed 78% of patients. At least one relaps was observed 40% of these patients. Mortality rate was 4.1% (3/73 patients) during a mean 25.7 months follow-up. Conclusion: Our results suggest that, in an inception cohort, signs and symptoms of 'systemic inflammation' is more prominent in newly-diagnosed TAK patients, whereas vascular extent and damage accumulates during the disease course. The long term follow-up of our inception cohort shows that 40% of patients relapse within 2 years after diagnosis in spite of IS treatments. References: [1] Bicakcigil M, Aksu K, Kamali S, et al. (2009) Takayasu's arteritis in Turkey - clinical and angiographic features of 248 patients. Clin Exp Rheumatol. 27, 59-64.Table 1 Clinical characteristics of Inception and Retrospective Cohorts from Turkey Inception Cohort(n=170) Retrospective Cohort(Bıçakçıgil, et al)(n=248) Constitutional symptoms 115/165(69.6%) 163/248/ (66%) Limb claudication 87/131(66.4%) 119/248 (48%) Carotidynia 31/130 (18.2%) - Pulseless 45/130(34.6%) 218/248 (88%) Musculoskeletal manifestations 90/163 (52.9%) 104/248 (42%) Mucocutaneous manifestations 30/162 (17.6%) 22/248 (8.8%) Respiratory manifestations 47/163 (28.8%) 22/184 (12%) Neurologic manifestations 69/163 (40.6%) 156/248 (63%) Cardiac involvement 64/146 (43.8%) 141/248 (57%) Ophthalmologic involvement 27/166 (16.2%) 57/248 (36%) Disclosure of Interests: None declared


This article leads the concept of data visualization into the huge amounts of news data, design and implements a system of News Data Visual System (NDVS). It is a news gathering, analysis, structured storage and visual analysis system. NDVS collects news data in the schedule time from seeds website by a web spider that written by java every day. The structured documents that processed and analyzed by detached parameters from URL and classify news will be saved in distributed database of NOSQL -- MongoDB. WEB will visually and interactively animate the documents in the means of D3.js. Design and realization of NDVS will be emphasized in the article, and we find that NDVS has a good capability when lots of clients concurrent access. We believe NDVS will become a useful tool between news and media works, because system follows the usability policy that helps people to find the potential tendency of news' development and guide the public opinion in the stage of visualization design.


Abstract The author attempts to sum up research on urban tourism space conducted as a part of the tourism geography MA seminar at the University of Łódź. He checks and enhances the definition of tourism space and tests a method of analyzing the contents of guidebooks across time. He also defines the correlation between the range of forms of urban tourism space, changes to it as well as to population, and the past and the present functions of the city.


Hypovolemic shock is characterized by insufficient tissue perfusion due to a decreased intravascular volume, resulting from the loss or inadequate fluid intake. Diagnosis becomes even more difficult for many reasons if a child is the patient. It is impor-tant to take action early, before the hypotension occurs, which is a late symptom of shock in a pediatric patient. This article aims to explain specifics of the hypovolemic shock in children and provide practical guidance taking into consideration the Guidelines of the 2010 European Resuscitation Council and a European guideline for management of bleeding following major trauma.


Infiltrating the idea of public relations into teaching activities is one of the most important courses of quality education in vocational schools.Teachers should pay more attention to it in everyday teaching activities.They ought to make students absorb it completely so that the students can set themselves up in society,win the trust and become talented persons who serve the society well.


Objective To study the clinical advantages of triamcinolone acetonide(TA)-assisted pars plana vitrectomy for various retinal disease.Methods 29 eyes from 28 patients underwent PPV with TA.Anterior core vitrectomy was performed,0.5 to 1.0 mL of TA solution was injected into the midvitreous cavity to visualize the posterior hyaloid.Next,0.1 to 0.2ml of TA solution was injected on the retinal surface to visualize and peel ERM or ILM in some eyes.Results In all patients,intraoperative staining with TA consistently improved direct visualization and delineation of the posterior hyaloid and ERM or ILM and facilitated their removal.No adverse reaction related to the use of TA was observed after surgery.Conclusions TA-assisted PPV appears to be useful to visualize the posterior hyaloid and ERM or ILM during PPV.It is an effective technique with no serious complication.


ABSTRACT The column-oriented database storage is a very advanced model f or large-volume data analysis systems because of its superior I/O performance. Traditional data storages exploit row-oriented storage where the attributes of a record are placed contiguously in hard disk for fast write operations. However, for search-mostly datawarehouse systems, column-oriented storage has become a mo re proper model because of its superior read performance. Recently , solid state drive using MLC flash memory is largely recognized as the preferred storage media for high-speed data analysis system s. The features of non-volatility, low power consumption, and f ast access time for read operations are sufficient grounds to suppo rt flash memory as major storage components of modern database servers. However, we need to improve traditional transaction management scheme due to the relatively slow characteristics of column compression and flash operation as compared to RAM memory. In this research, we propose a new scheme called Column-aware Multi-Version Locking (CaMVL) scheme for efficient transaction processing. CaMVL improves transaction performance by using compression lock and multi version reads f or efficiently handling slow flash write/erase operation in lock management process. We also propose a simulation model to show the performance of CaMVL. Based on the results of the performance evaluation, we conclude that CaMVL scheme outperfor ms the traditional scheme.


In most of the world, Zika outbreaks have had no noticeable effect on children, but the most recent outbreak in Brazil was associated with a significant spike in the incidence of microcephaly [7], a condition that causes babies to have smaller heads and underdeveloped brains [8]. This rose from a background incidence of around 0.07 percent of live births to 2 percent around 4,000 new cases since October in a country of just over 200 million.