Liquid−liquid extraction with triethylene glycol as solvent, water as cosolvent, and hexane as countersolvent is being investigated as a process for the separation of phenolic compounds from neutral oils and nitrogen bases. To this end, liquid−liquid equilibria at 313.15 K and atmospheric pressure have been determined for the systems triethylene glycol + hexane + water + (phenol + aniline + benzonitrile + 5-ethyl-2-methyl pyridine + mesitylene) or (m-cresol + o-tolunitrile + o-toluidine + indene + pseudocumene + undecane) or (2,4-xylenol + 3,4-xylenol + 3,5-xylenol + indane + naphthalene + dodecane). From the experimental results it is concluded that triethylene glycol, hexane, and water are effective solvents for the separation of phenolic compounds from neutral oils and nitrogen bases by means of liquid−liquid extraction. LLE binary parameters for the NRTL equation were obtained for each of the three systems by regression of the equilibrium data. The NRTL equation fit the experimental data with a root-m...


Plasma crucible (92) has two tubes which are attached to the through-hole (93) and the crucible end face of (901, 902) (981, 982). One of the tubes (981) is closed before filling the crucible. Tube is tipped off, they are processed in a glass lathe to be formed to have a flat end portion (983). Exhaust, administration, after filling of the gas, the end portion (983), while agglomerated the active ingredient in a hole (93), is heated in order to remove impurities in the administration thereof. Thereafter, the other tube (902) is chipped off in a similar manner. .The 10


A solvent free ball-milling method for the synthesis of small molecule and oligomeric carbamates is described that is applicable to supramolecular polymer synthesis.


Purpose: Charcot–Marie–Tooth Disease type 1A (CMT1A) is caused by a duplication of the peripheral myelin protein gene 22 at chromosome 17p11.2-12. There is limited data regarding whether body mass index (BMI) affects electrophysiological or clinical data in those with CMT1A. Methods: Electrophysiological data, the Charcot–Marie–Tooth examination score (CMTES) and BMI from 101 patients with known CMT1A were obtained and analyzed. Results: When controlling for age, a higher BMI does not affect ulnar motor nerve conduction studies in those with CMT1A, but rather components of the CMTES (loss of pinprick and motor strength in the lower extremities). Conclusions: BMI and clinical components of the CMTES are correlated, but it is uncertain which came first—whether the loss of lower extremity pinprick sensation and motor strength results in a higher BMI or if higher BMI results in these signs.


Use of Spatial Transformations in Graph Comprehension Susan Bell Trickett (firstname.lastname@example.com) J. Gregory Trafton (email@example.com) Department of Psychology, George Mason University 4400 University Dr., Fairfax, VA 22030 USA Naval Research Laboratory, NRL Code 5513 Washington, DC 20375 USA Introduction Results and Discussion Current theories of graph comprehension are largely silent about the processes by which inferences are made from graphs (Freedman & Shah, 2002; Pinker, 1990), although it is apparent that people are able to make such inferences. In Trickett & Trafton (2004), we proposed that people use spatial reasoning, in the form of spatial transformations (Trafton et al., in press) to answer inferential questions. This paper is an extension of our earlier study, in which we standardized the graphs presented, so that the distance from the x and y axes was identical for all conditions, we removed typing time from the RT measure. Finally, we expanded the experiment with an additional "middle extension" condition. Method 8 graduate students and faculty at GMU participated. Participants were shown 40 unlabelled line graphs presented in random order, 10 in each of 4 conditions. They were asked for the value of the y axis at a point on the x axis. The 4 conditions were: read-off (arrow beneath line), near (arrow slightly beyond line), middle (arrow a greater distance) and far (far beyond end of line) (see Figure 1). Fig. 1: Schematic of readoff (left) and far (right) conditions. The readoff condition required no spatial transformations. However, in the near, middle and far conditions, we hypothesized that participants would mentally extend the line (i.e., use spatial transformation) to locate its intersection with the perpendicular from the red arrow. Spatial transformation theory predicts that longer extensions take longer; thus, we predicted that participants would be fastest in the read-off (no extension) condition, increasingly slower in the near and middle conditions, and slowest in the far (longest extension) condition. We also predicted that accuracy would decrease with increased use of spatial transformations, as people must move further from "anchor points" on the graph to obtain needed information—i.e, most accurate in the read-off condition, decreasingly accurate in the near and middle conditions, and least accurate in the far condition. We measured accuracy as the absolute value of the correct response minus the participant's response. Response times (RT) represent the time taken to reach an answer. Consistent with our hypothesis, participants were most accurate on the read-off task, decreasingly accurate on the near and middle tasks, and least accurate on the far task, repeated measures ANOVA F(3, 15) = 12.43, p < .01, linear trend F(1, 5) = 13.93, p < .05. RT data also supported our hypothesis. Participants were fastest on the read-off task, increasingly slower in the near and middle tasks, and slowest on the far task, F(3, 15) = 7.44, p < .05, linear trend F(1, 5) = 10.99, p < .05. The linear trend is consistent with the idea that a longer extension takes more time to execute than a shorter one. If this is true, it should take a measurable amount of time more for each extension. In order to calculate how long each extra extension took, we did a linear regression, using the distance the participants had to extend the line (recall that the distance along the x and y axes was constant). This analysis was significant, r = .43, p < .01. The analysis yielded the following formula: Response Time = 4.8 + .63, where 4.8 seconds is the baseline time to read information from the graph and .63 is the amount of extra time required to extend the line each centimeter distance required. This result supports our hypothesis that participants used spatial transformations, by indicating a systematic relationship between response time and the distance mentally traveled. As participants had to draw longer mental extensions to the graph, their response times systematically increased. Thus, we propose that a comprehensive theory of graph comprehension should accommodate spatial reasoning. References Freedman, E. G., & Shah, P. (2002). Toward a Model of Knowledge-Based Graph Comprehension. Paper presented at the Diagrammatic Representation and Inference, Second International Conference, Diagrams 2002, Callaway Gardens, GA, USA. Pinker, S. (1990). A theory of graph comprehension. In R. Freedle (Ed.), Artificial intelligence and the future of testing (pp. 73-126). Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum. Trafton, J. G., Trickett, S. B., & Mintz, F. E. (in press). Overlaying images: Spatial transformations of complex visualizations. Foundations of Science. Trickett, S. B., & Trafton, J. G. (2004). S p a t i a l transformations in graph comprehension. Paper presented at the Diagrams 2004, Cambridge, UK.


Purpose – The purpose of this study is to explore the broad issues related to business excellence and the application of such programs.Design/methodology/approach – In brief, this study investigated the use of business excellence programs including the use of the ISO 9000:2000 series of standards, by Canadian organizations. The results of a national survey on the use of business excellence programs are reported.Findings – The use of business excellence programs by Canadian organizations appears to be related to the size and location of the organization. Organization size and location also appear to be related to the sequence in which businesses choose to implement various components of business excellence as well as the difficulty they experience with that implementation. There may be differences in the use of business excellence programs between organizations within different industry sectors, and those with different organizational structures. Finally, the use of business excellence programs was found n...


Abstract 2595 Poster Board II-571 Background: The prediction of the response of chronic myelogeneous leukemia (CML) to imatinib is clinically important. However, no reliable markers are known. Methods: From January 2005 to April 2007, 32 patients with newly diagnosed CML were treated at our hospital. The diagnosis was made based on the existence of the Philadelphia chromosome. A routine bone marrow aspiration was performed to evaluate bone marrow smears, karyotypes, phenotypes, and bcr/abl message levels before the start of imatinib. Phenotypic analysis was conducted using three-color flow cytometry as follows: bone marrow mononuclear cells were stained with fluorescein isothiocyanate-conjugated monoclonal antibody, phycoerythrin-conjugated monoclonal antibody, and peridinin chlorophyll protein-conjugated CD45. A gate was set to identify blasts characterized by intermediate CD45 expression and low side-scatter properties. Phenotypes of the cells in the blast region were analyzed using a flow cytometer (FACSCalibur; BD Biosciences, San Jose, CA, USA). As a control, bone marrow samples were obtained from 8 healthy volunteers and 35 patients with refractory anemia of myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS-RA). Results: All patients were diagnosed as having CML in the chronic phase and given imatinib alone. According to the response after one year of treatment with imatinib, patients showing and not showing a complete cytogenetic response were designated as group A (26 patients) and group B (6 patients), respectively. There were no significant differences between the two groups in terms of the age, peripheral blood cell counts, peripheral blood blast percentages, peripheral blood basophil percentages, bone marrow cell differentials, bone marrow blast percentages, additional chromosomal abnormalities, Sokal9s score, Hasford9s score, and spleen size before the start of imatinib. The mean imatinib dose per day was higher in group A (349 mg) than in group B (284.4 mg); however, the results were not significant (p=0.051). Group B showed higher percentages of myeloid cells in the blast region than group A, while the former showed lower percentages of B lymphoid cells in the blast region than the latter. CD33/CD10, CD33/CD19, CD13/CD10, and CD13/CD19 ratios in the blast region in group B were significantly higher than in group A: 56.6 vs. 6.0 (p Conclusion: An increase in CD33/CD10 ratios in the blast region in CML before the start of imatinib is associated with resistance to the drug. A cut-off value of 30 for CD33/CD10 ratios in the blast region in CML at diagnosis is useful for predicting the response of CML to imatinib after one year of treatment with the drug. Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.


Let H be a graph. We show that there exists n0 = n0(H )s uch that forevery n ' n0, there is a covering of the edges of Kn with copies of H where every edge is covered at most twice and any two copies intersect in at most one edge. Furthermore, the covering we obtain is asymptotically optimal.


The development of technology capable of tracking the in vivo levels of drugs, metabolites, and biomarkers continuously and in real‐time would revolutionize our understanding of health and our ability to detect and treat disease. It would, for example, enable therapies guided by patient‐specific real‐time pharmacokinetics, opening a new dimension in personalized medicine.


The objectives of the present study were: to examine the relationship between kendo competition levels and men strike times in 20 university kendo club members; and to determine factors for shortening men strike times. LED lamps were attached to the men and the kote (the strike targets), and subjects struck in the direction of the lit LED lamp with maximal eŠort from a distance of 2.30 m. Phase times, movements, and ground reaction force on both feet were ana-lyzed. The results were as follows. phase, the shinai should be swung at a higher velocity, and the left shoulder should be ‰exed more when striking.


To the Editor.— Campbell and associates, in their article "Spontaneous Rupture of the Esophagus (Boerhaave Syndrome)" (235:526-528,1976), have clearly indicated the necessity of early diagnosis and treatment of this condition. Because of the sporadic occurrence of this syndrome, it is not unusual to see a patient who has been treated for a number of days with a presumptive diagnosis of other intraabdominal or intrathoracic inflammatory processes. While misdiagnosis is seen at times, mistreatment (in spite of a correct diagnosis) rarely occurs. Correct diagnosis, therefore, should be followed by correct operative technical management of these patients. The technique employed by Campbell and associates in the operative treatment of their patient (utilizing catgut to close the perforation) is inadequate and may lead to complications. Their patient developed an esophageal fistula and eventually required additional operations. This type complication occurs infrequently 1 but usually is preventable if the technique of closure is meticulous.


An interconnection structure forming method comprises the steps of providing a substrate; forming a first polymer layer on the surface of the substrate, wherein the material for the first polymer layer has a photoresist characteristic; conducting first exposure processing on the first polymer layer; forming a second polymer layer covering the first polymer layer; conducting second exposure processing on the second polymer layer; conducting first developing processing on the first polymer layer subjected to the first exposure processing and forming a through hole in the first polymer layer; conducting second developing processing on the second polymer layer subjected to the second exposure processing and forming a groove in the second polymer layer; forming a second metal layer filled into the through hole and the groove, wherein the second metal layer is connected with the first metal layer. By means of the interconnection structure forming method, the position accuracy of the through hole and the groove is improved, accordingly the resistance deviation design target of an interconnection structure is avoided, and the reliability and electric property of the interconnection structure are improved.


The use of 5 resistance management strategies in the presence and absence of external refuges (refuges that are spatially isolated from treated fields) was examined in a stochastic model. The 5 strategies were sequential introduction of 2 toxins, rotations and mosaics of toxins, and half-and full-rate mixtures of the toxins. The ability of the strategies to delay resistance was examined first with scheduled sprays, then using an integrated pest management (IPM) component and treating only when populations exceeded an economic threshold. When sprays were scheduled and in the absence of an external refuge, 4 of the strategies resulted in similar rates of resistance evolution. The 5th strategy (full-rate mixtures) provided for better insect control but resulted in resistance to both toxins in approximately the same time it took resistance to develop to the 1st toxin in the sequential use strategy. When an economic threshold (IPM strategy) was adopted, all strategies performed approximately the same in the absence of refuges. When a 5%spatially segregated refuge was included in the IPM simulations, resistance was delayed 4.4 times in the sequential introductions, 15-20 times for rotations, mosaics and half-rate mixtures, and 34.8 times for full-rate mixtures (compared with sequential introductions in the absence of refuges). Simulations comparing monogenic versus polygenic inheritance of resistance suggested that both types of resistance evolved at approximately the same rate in the absence of refuges, but resistance took 2.2times longer to evolve in the polygenic simulations in the presence of a refuge. Resistance also evolved more rapidly at low rate of gene flow, indicating that the assumption of random mating in resistance models should be examined carefully when external refuges are present. Symmetrical, partial cross-resistance between toxins at 2 resistance loci had a negative impact on all strategies. However, at all levels of cross-resistance, full-rate mixtures continued to delay resistance longest. These simulations demonstrate that full-rate mixtures used in the presence of refuges have the potential to effectively delay resistance evolution. In the absence of refuges and an IPM strategy, however, the full-rate mixture strategy resulted in the most rapid resistance development. Half-rate mixtures were less effective than full-rate mixtures under ideal conditions, but they did not have a negative impact on resistance development in the absence of refuges and an IPM strategy and may be less risky than the full-rate strategy over a broader range of likely scenarios.


-3.0 eV is the calculated adsorption energy of hydrogen atom on zirconium for both the overlayer sites above the octahedral and tetrahedral sites. The results for hydrogen vibrational and potential energy are also in good agreement with experiments. 25 refs., 5 figs.


Aiming at the problem that the feature selection based on constraint score can be easily affected by the composition and cardinality of pairwise constraints,this paper presented a new method called dynamic ensemble selection based on bagging constraint score. The algorithm introduced bagging constraint score into dynamic ensemble selection,divided the sample space into different parts,and then used the multi-population genetic algorithm to select the optimal multi-classifiers ensemble for the accuracy of the local classification. The experimental results on UCI datasets illustrates that the BCS-DES is smaller affected by the composition and cardinality of the pairwise constraints than the current feature selection methods,and can get better results.


Since the remaining oil in thick oil layers at later stage of high water cut is usually distributed at the top of layers or at various parts inside the layers and distribution pattern is quite scattered,the horizontal track of horizontal well after drilling can not be guaranteed to be totally in remaining oil zone.To avoid water breakthrough in high water flooding intervals and bottom injected water breakthrough too early,many technical methods are adopted to optimize the design of perforation intervals in the perforation and completion of Well Nan 1-2-Ping 25.First,horizontal well water flooding comprehensive interpretation techniques are applied to select the primary low flooding intervals.Then the internal architecture structure research technique in meandering stream deposit oil layers is applied to optimize the water avoiding intervals among the primarily selected low flooding intervals.Finally,reservoir modeling technique is applied to optimize the design of perforation phase angle according to the position of the perforation interval in the oil layer.Three perforation intervals are optimized in the horizontal well section with a distance of 630m.The intervals have a total length of 291m with different perforation phase angles.Since Well Nan 1-2-Ping 25 was brought into production after perforation,the primary water cut is successfully controlled and water increasing speed during production process is slowed down and a good development effect has been achieved.


The utility model relates to a hydraulic rotary biological membrane reactor connected in series by one stage or a plurality of stages used for biological sewage treatment. The structure of each stage of catalyst case is as follows: the utility model comprises a machine frame (1), a reaction tank (3) and a hydraulic rotary device; the reaction tank (3) is fixedly connected with the machine frame (1); the hydraulic rotary device comprising a hydraulic rotary basin (2) and a rotary framework (4) connected with the hydraulic rotary basin is positioned on the reaction tank (3); the framework is provided with a rotating shaft (14) connected with the wall of the reaction tank (3) and a plurality of carrier compartments (15) uniformly distributed; each carrier compartment is provided with a carrier cab (13) provided with biological extender (12). The utility model overcomes the disadvantages that the disc slice of the traditional biological rotary disc is easily damaged and the drive device is complicated. The utility model has the advantages of simple structure and low energy consumption. The utility model is favorable for sewage treatment.


The present paper proposes an architectural model for knowledge interchange between story generation systems in the interest of enhancing the interoperability and fostering the co-creation process. The selected architectural approach is the microservices model, because it provides a very convenient way for structuring the functional responsibilities in the architecture, and promotes a distributed strategy for solving complex problems. The communication between the services is based on the well-known REST architectural model. This approach aims at simplifying the communication process by means of a easily achievable representation of the information.


ABSTRACT Despite their increasingly widespread adoption in post-secondary education, scholars and practitioners know very little about the impact of digital data displays on instructors' sense-making and academic planning. In this manuscript, I report the results of comparative case studies of five different introductory physics instructors at three institutions who used data dashboards as part of an active learning approach called 'Peer Instruction'. Instructors expressed frustration with the ways that data displays undermined their existing pedagogical strategies. They were stymied by a lack of clarity on how data is assembled and imbued with meaning, which limited their own sensemaking about the data. They also expressed concerns about how the dashboards facilitated data collection about their instructional planning and decision-making.


ABSTRACT

 This study aims to determine the effect of audiovisual media on improving the ability to perform basic smash techniques in badminton. This study uses a one-group pretest-posttest design. This research implements audiovisual media in learning basic smash techniques. The subjects used in the study were Vocational High School students with 18 people consisting of 7 students and 11 students with an average age of 16 years. Data collection techniques used pre-test together with post-test, analyzed using t-test. This study indicates an increase in using audiovisual media, namely the with the Shapiro-Wilk test > 0.05; it can be interpreted that the data is usually distributed and the results of the calculation of the paired sample test obtained sig. (2-tailed) of 0.00 where if sig. (2-tailed) <0.05, it is stated that there is a significant effect. The conclusion is that audiovisual media is very influential in improving the ability to perform basic smash techniques in badminton.
 Keywords: Audio Visual Media, Smash Basic Techniques. Vocational High School Students


Two trends are of major concern for digital circuit designers: the relative increase of interconnect delays with respect to gate delays and the demand for design reuse. Both pose difficult problems to synchronous design styles, and can be tackled more naturally within the asynchronous paradigm. Unfortunately even in asynchronous design the normal hypotheses about the delays of gates and wires are often overly optimistic. One of the popular assumptions is to consider gate delays to be arbitrary while neglecting the skew in wire delays (so-called speed-independence (SI) assumption). Taking wire delays into account is possible and in its extreme leads to delay-insensitive (DI) implementations which work correctly under any wire delay distribution. However, such implementations are costly. This work suggests to separate all on-chip interconnections into two classes: local (for which the delays can be under control) and global (with arbitrary delays). This leads to locally SI globally DI implementations which are more practical than fully DI circuits and are in better correspondence with technology parameters than fully SI circuits. Our approach allows logic synthesis to proceed independently for all the locally SI blocks and yields functionally correct circuits without requiring any synthesis/layout iteration or interaction. This simplifies dramatically the timing convergence problem for ASICs. We tackle the problem at the behavior level and develop a simple transformation which ensures delay-insensitive properties for particular wires. The method is illustrated by a realistic design example. The preliminary experimental results show that the area and performance penalty are within 40% and 20%, respectively.


This paper presents phenological development of seven introduced species of the genus Crataegus L. in the Kola North. The studied hawthorn species are characterized by early onset of vegetation, short duration of linear growth of shoots and a short vegetation period. Timely completion of growth processes and lignification of shoots contribute to successful adaptation of Crataegus plants under the conditions of introduction. The authors study morphometric parameters of flowers and inflorescences, decorative qualities, size and density of the inflorescence, the number of flowers in the inflorescence, the diameter of the flowers. The most decorative species of Crataegus during flowering are selected. The plants of the studied hawthorns are characterized by the average duration of the prefloral period, annual / irregular flowering. The most decorative species during flowering are the ones with larger flowers and inflorescences: C . maximoviczii and C . dahurica . Species with a large number of flowers are characterized by a denser inflorescence. Species with smaller flowers form smaller inflorescences and vice versa. In the conditions of the Kola Subarctic, the number of flowers in the inflorescence depends mainly on the specific features. C . maximoviczii is recommended for gardening in northern cities.


In this work, electrodeposition of copper on AISI 430 steels substrate with relatively low current density followed by oxidation of Cu to form protective and conductive oxide layer is examined. Result shows that the activation by Ni strike plating on AISI 430 steels substrate prior to electroplating improves the coating ability of copper. Phase identification by XRD on the oxidized sample confirms that as coated Cu layer was transformed into CuO. The growth of CuO scales was relatively low and effectively prevents Cr outward diffusion from the ferritic steels.


Earlier research in job shop scheduling has demonstrated the advantages of opportunistically combining order-based and resource-based scheduling techniques. An even more flexible approach is investigated where each activity is considered a decision point by itself. Heuristics to opportunistically select the next decision point on which to focus attention (i.e., variable ordering heuristics) and the next decision to be tried at this point (i.e., value ordering heuristics) are described that probabilistically account for both activity precedence and resource requirement interactions. Preliminary experimental results indicate that the variable ordering heuristic greatly increases search efficiency. While least constraining value ordering heuristics have been advocated in the literature, the experimental results suggest that other value ordering heuristics combined with our variable-ordering heuristic can produce much better schedules without significantly increasing search.


In South Africa the proportion of women aged 15-24 years who are infected with HIV is about three times that of men this age (16% vs. 5%) according to a nationally representative survey. Among sexually experienced youth mens odds of HIV infection were elevated if they had had a genital ulcer in the past year and womens odds were elevated if they had had an unusual vaginal discharge during that period if their most recent partner was older than they were or if they did not use condoms consistently. The odds for each sex increased with the number of partners. In contrast young people who had taken part in a national HIV prevention program were less likely to be infected. Between March and August 2003 researchers conducted a nationally representative household survey among 15-24-year-olds in South Africa. Young people were asked about demographics sexual behavior symptoms of sexually transmitted infections and exposure to programs of a national HIV prevention campaign (loveLife). Samples of saliva were collected and assayed for HIV antibodies. The researchers used chi-square analysis to compare HIV status and characteristics between men and women and they used multivariate logistic regression analysis restricted to sexually experienced youth to identify risk and protective factors for HIV infection. The multivariate analyses included both variables that were found significant in bivariate analyses and factors theorized as important. Analytic methods accounted for sampling strata primary sampling units and population weights. (excerpt)


Firstly,the paper introduces the application requirement of Global Grid System, discusses the basic element of regular polyhedron subdivision.On the basis of them,the new designing steps and creating algorithm of storing-convenient,multi-resolution level index,potential management in icosahedrons dividing,hexagon unit global grid system are proposed.Then,shortcomings of existing hexagonal index mechanism are analyzed and a new composing means is developed for spherical hierarchical structure,on those bases,an address coding means of spherical hierarchical structure is designed,we succeeded constructing the grid coding space,discussing conversion problem from geodetic coordinates system to grid coding,proposing and realizing conversion algorithm based on hierarchical recursive discrete grid coordinate system,the veracity and reliability of computation can be assured.This structure can express and process multi-resolution global grid spatial data seamlessly.


LOWN and associates, in 1962, introduced the technique of synchronized direct-current countershock for the reversion of cardiac arrhythmias. 1 Since that time, a number of papers have appeared attesting to the usefulness of this technique, 2,3 not only in adults but also in infants. 4 This paper presents the case report of a patient with mitral stenosis and atrial fibrillation who underwent successful mitral valvotomy followed by direct current countershock during the fifth month of her pregnancy, with subsequent delivery of a normal full-term infant. Report of a Case A 37-year-old white married woman was admitted to Colorado General Hospital for the first time July 22, 1963, for a mitral commissurotomy. She had had acute rheumatic fever at the age of 13 years and a heart murmur had first been noted at 19 years of age during her first pregnancy. Only mild fatigability was noted during her first three pregnancies.


We present the results of a BeppoSAX observation of PSR J0218+4232 which, for the first time, provides detailed information on the pulsar's temporal and spectral emission properties in the broad band 1-10 keV. We detected X-ray pulses with a pulsed fraction of 73 +/- 12 %. The pulse profile is characterized by two peaks phase separated by 0.47 +/-0.05. The pulsed spectrum is best described by a power-law of photon index 0.61 +/- 0.32 with an unabsorbed (2-10 keV) X-ray flux of 4.1E-13 erg/cm^2/s implying a luminosity of Lx = 1.3E32 Theta (d/5.7 kpc})^2 erg/s and an X-ray efficiency of 4.8E-4 Theta (d/5.7 kpc})^2 where Theta is the solid angle spanned by the emission beam.


in PubMed 3. Vahr S, Cobussen-Boekhorst H, Eikenboom J, Geng V, Holroyd S, Lester M et al. Evidencebased guideline for best practice in urological health care. Catheterisation. Urethral intermittent in adults. Dilatation, urethral intermittent in adults. EAUN guideline 2013. EAUN guideline 4. Hill TC, Baverstock R, Carlson KV, Estey EP, Gray GJ, Hill DC et al. Best practices for the treatment and prevention of urinary tract infection in the spinal cord injured population: The Alberta context. Can Urol Assoc J 2013;7:122-30 Abstract in PubMed 5. Wilde MH, Brasch J, Zhang Y. A qualitative descriptive study of self-management issues in people with long-term intermittent urinary catheters. J Adv Nurs 2011;67:1254-63 Abstract in PubMed 6. NICE, Guideline. Healthcare-associated infections: prevention and control in primary and community care. Clinical guideline [CG139]. Royal College of Physicians National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence. 2012. NICE guideline 7. 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De Ridder DJMK, Everaert K, Fernández LG, Valero JV, Durán AB, Abrisqueta ML et al. Intermittent catheterisation with hydrophiliccoated catheters (SpeediCath) reduces the risk of clinical urinary tract infections in spinal cord injured patients: A prospective randomised parallel comparative trial. Eur Urol 2005;48:991-995 Abstract in PubMed 22. Diokno AC, Mitchell BA, Nash AJ, Kimbrough JA. Patient satisfaction and the LoFric catheter for clean intermittent catheterization. J Urol 1995;153:349-351 Abstract in PubMed 23. López Pereira P, Martinez Urrutia MJ, et al. Comparative study of the degree of patient satisfaction in intermittent catheterization with Lofric and polyvinyl chloride catheters. Actas Urol Esp. 2001;25:725-30 Abstract in PubMed 24. Vapnek JM, Maynard FM, Kim J. A prospective randomized trial of the LoFric hydrophilic coated catheter versus conventional plastic catheter for clean intermittent catheterization. J Urol 2003;169:994-998 Abstract in PubMed 25. Moore KC, Lester M, Robinson, Bagulay N, Pearce I. Cleaning and re-using intermittent self catheters: a questionnaire to gauge patient's perceptions and prejudices. J Clin Urol 2014;7(4):277-282 Abstract 26. Koeter I, Stensröd G, Nilsen A, et al. User compliance of a new hydrophilic coated male catheter. ICS Annual Meeting. 2016:Abstract 806. Abstract 27. Chartier-Kastler E, Amarenco G, Lindbo L, et al. A prospective, randomized, crossover, multicenter study comparing quality of life using compact versus standard catheters for intermittent self-catheterization. J Urol. 2013;190:942-947. Abstract in PubMed 28. Li L, Ye W, Ruan H, Yang B, Zhang S, Li L. Impact of hydrophilic catheters on urinary tract infections in people with spinal cord injury: Systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 2013;94:782-7 Abstract in PubMed 29. Clark JF, Mealing SJ, Scott DA, et al. A cost-effectiveness analysis of longterm intermittent catheterisation with hydrophilic and uncoated catheters. Spinal Cord. 2015;54(1):7377 Abstract in PubMed 30. Bakke A, Digranes A, Hoisaeter PA. Physical predictors of infection in patients treated with clean intermittent catheterization: 7-year study. Br J Urol. 1997;79:85-90. Abstract in PubMed 31. Hakansson MA, Neovius K, Norrback M, Svensson J, Lundqvist T. Health Care Utilization and Complications Rates among Users Of HydrophilicCoated Catheters. Urol Nurs. 2015;35:239-247 Abstract in PubMed 32. Waller L, Jonsson O, Norlen L, Sullivan L. Clean intermittent catheterization in spinal cord injury patients: longterm followup of a hydrophilic low friction technique. J Urol. 1995;153:345-348. Abstract in PubMed 33. Hakansson MA, Neovius K, Lundqvist T. Healthcare Costs Associated to Hydrophilic Coated and Non-Coated Urinary Catheters for Intermittent Use in the United States. Urol Nurs. 2016;36:233-242 Abstract 34. WHO. Antimicrobial resistance: global report on surveillance WHO; 2014 WHO report © 2 0 7 W el ls p ec t H ea lt h C ar e, a D en ts p y Si ro n a C o m p an y. A ll ri gh ts r es er ve d . 7 5 4 -U SX -1 7 2


The Article 20 of Korean criminal act provides that an act which is conducted in accordance with Acts and subordinate statutes or in pursuance of accepted business practices, or other action which does not violate the social rules shall not be punishable. We call this provision the justifiable act. The provision of the justifiable act could function many things as belows; according criminal law to common sense, making reasonable criminal law, applicating criminal law as right time etc. So we should interpret the provision of the justifiable act actively and widely. If we can regulate the illegal act with civil law, administrative law besides criminal law, we have to apply more mitigative law. Moreover if we regulate delinquent behavior with ethics, regulation of home, rule of school as self-regulated system, we have to rule these behaviors with self-regulated system not criminal law. In this point, the Korean leading cases of the provision of justifiable act have much problems. Korean Supreme Court interprets the provision of the justifiable act very with small circle. They do not consider other law or self-regulated system besides criminal law. In this cause Korean Supreme Court do not decide small illegal acts not guilty still. They consider guilty or not guilty only with mechanical interpretation on basis of present criminal law. This broad application of criminal law results in much problems that make citizen not adult and blank of criminal law-enforcement. And this way of Korean Supreme Court make people of Korea feeling unstable situation. Because they can feel fear whenever they commit small illegal acts. If they often feel fear with small illegal acts, they could not be adult conforming law voluntarily. And they try to avoid exposure of their small illegal acts rather than do not avoid to commit illegal acts. The provision of justifiable act could be applicated to much fields like strife of labor, election, cyber space acts etc. This means that the provision of justifiable act operate widely and actively. If we operate the provision of justifiable act well, we can make Korean society mildly and voluntarily. In opposite if we interpret the provision of justifiable act narrowly, Korean society would be leaded het-eronomous.


The production of European silk textile is an endangered intangible cultural heritage. Digital tools can nowadays be developed to help preserving it, or even to make it more accessible for the public and the fashion industry. In this paper, we propose an image-based retrieval tool that leverages on a knowledge graph describing the silk textile production as well as rules formulated by experts of this domain. Out of several possible similarity scenarios, two have proven to work best and have been integrated into an exploratory search engine.


When introducing a new control paradigm in industry or society you have to accept that it is an evolutionary process where people, methods and processes must develop simultaneously. This takes time. The recycling of materials has been studied intensely for the last ten years using different approaches to material flow analyses, MFAs. They have provided a good view of the magnitude of material flows but their use has been limited by a lack of relevant data. In the case of recycling, data must be acquired from the practitioners of the trade. For this to occur, the value of the output for them and for society must be proven and visualized. This paper is based on a MFA model developed at KTH for steel flows in Sweden (part of the Swedish environmental research program, the "Steel-Eco-Cycle") The aim of the work reported on here has been to initiate the process of motivating better sampling of data in the industry and society for performing MFAs. The KTH model is based on a product-to-product approach for steel, describing the recycling machine. Data is presented in a simplified model for Sweden with total figures and figures per capita. Areas where improvement can be made are identified and ways to "lubricate" the recycling machine are discussed. The main objective is to provide a way of describing flows that can be of significant use to recyclers and steel producers as well as function as a springboard for innovation and improvement. Finally, the underlying model is briefly described and the quality of currently available data is discussed.


"Any advertisement is ultimately a quick story, offering just enough imagery and text for the viewer or reader to insert themselves as potential buyers." (Bendix 2002:474-75)During a recent trip to the University of California Berkeley Folklore Archive, I came across some parodies of the Lucky Strike cigarettes advertising slogan "LS/MFT," an acronym for "Lucky Strike Means Fine Tobacco." Collected by students in Alan Dundes' folklore classes between 1964 and 1977, these parodies took several forms: "Lord, Save Me From Truman," "Loose Suspenders Means Falling Trousers," "Loose Straps Mean Floppy/Flabby/False Tits!," "Last Saturday, Mother Farted Twice," and "Let's Fuck, My Finger's Tired."' Dundes was one of the earliest folklorists to pay attention to the intersections between folklore and mass media. These parodies in the archive illustrate that he attended to such intersections in his teaching since at least 1964, and his own published work, specifically "Advertising and Folklore" (1963), demonstrates that he was looking at the dynamic relationship between folklore and mass media even before that.2 Since that publication in 1963, many have turned attention to the study of folklore and advertising (Falassi & Kligman 1976, Bums 1969, Degh 1994, Degh & Vazsonyi 1979, Denby 1971, Klaus 2010, Mieder & Mieder 1981 [1977], Newton 2010, Odber de Baubeta 1997, Sullenberger 1974). In this paper, I seek both to build upon and contribute to this body of scholarship by examining the interplay between folklore and mass-mediated advertising in a popular tourism ad campaign.In 2002, the Las Vegas Convention and Visitors Authority (LVCVA), with the help of the advertising agency RR its tag line, for example, was announced a winner for the 2011 annual Madison Avenue Advertising Walk of Fame in New York City, bringing in 54% of the public vote (Katsilometes 2011). Its longevity also points to its success, for as Linda Degh reminds us, "We can be certain that commercials that are kept running for a longer period of time on television correspond to the taste of the masses and satisfy public demand" (1994:42-43). Except for some short breaks, this ad campaign has been running from 2002 until the present.A closer look at the life of the tag line, "What Happens Here, Stays Here," shows how this advertising campaign has drawn upon folk culture and influenced it, providing opportunities for both continuity and innovation. As noted by Charles Clay Doyle, Wolfgang Mieder, and Fred R. Shapiro in The Dictionary of Modem Proverbs, parallel sayings about secrecy or discretion have been documented at least as early as the 1970s (2012:137). As examples, Doyle et al. point to laments about domestic abuse taking the form of the saying, "What's said (What happens) at home stays at home"; clinical or psychotherapeutic adages such as "What happens in the group (at the meeting, at the session) stays .. . "; and the baseball maxim "What happens in the clubhouse stays . . . ." They also point to earlier examples referencing specific vacation locales, including "Whatever happens in Mexico stays in Mexico" ( 1996) and "What happens in Daytona, stays in Daytona" (1998). …


The paper presents the experimental research on the tribological behavior of sintered steels obtained by carburizing the iron powder with different concentrations of graphite (Gr). For the experimental research were prepared three mixtures: Fe99%+1% Zn stearate, Fe 98.95%+0.05%Gr+1%Zn stearate and Fe98%+1%Gr +1%Zn stearate. The mixtures were unilaterally pressed in a cylindrical die at400 MPa. The green parts were subjected to gas-carburizing treatment at 910C using two dwell times: 120 respectively 240 minutes, after which it was made the sintering treatment in the same cycle. For each part obtained after the gas-carbu-sintering process were made studies regarding the evolution of the friction coefficient, the wear rate, respectively.


Objective To evaluate the effects of the nutritional health education to pupils from downtown of Jinan,and to provide the basis for improving the nutritive condition of the children. Methods From 2~5grade students of three primary schools of different levels,1 609 public were extracted who were intervened by " nutrition class" and " happy ten minutes" for one year,and carried out the questionnaires and physical examination before and after the intervention. Results After the nutrition intervention,the whole questions about pupils' awareness of knowledge improved 60%(P0.05).The Chinese dietary pagoda population awareness rate growed 26.3%.Pupils' nutrition attitude had improved significantly.The nutrition behavior scores were increased.The improvement of the nutritional status was not obvious. Conclusion " Nutrition class" and " happy ten minutes" activity comprehensive intervention measures improved the students' awareness of knowledge about nutrition,the nutrition and health attitude and the bad eating behavior.They are playing apositive role in prevent the occurrence of obesity.


Tissue engineering combines materials engineering, cells and biochemical factors to improve, restore or replace various types of biological tissues. A nearly limitless combination of these strategies can be combined, providing a means to augment the function of a number of biological tissues such as skin tissue, neural tissue, bones and cartilage. Compounds such as small molecule therapeutics, proteins and even living cells have been incorporated into tissue engineering constructs to influence biological processes at the site of implantation. Peptides have been conjugated to tissue engineering constructs to circumvent limitations associated with conjugation of proteins or incorporation of cells. This review highlights various contemporary examples in which peptide conjugation was used to overcome the disadvantages associated with the inclusion of other bioactive compounds. This review covers several peptides that are commonly used in the literature as well as those that do not appear as frequently to provide a broad scope of the utility of the peptide conjugation technique for designing constructs capable of influencing the repair and regeneration of various bodily tissues. Additionally, a brief description of the construct fabrication techniques encountered in the covered examples and their advantages in various tissue engineering applications is provided. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.


Stress can have negative effects on employee health that, in turn, can significantly impact employee contributions to the effectiveness of the organization. This experiential exercise will provide you with the opportunity to evaluate whether you are a person prone to stress tendencies, judge the amount of stress with which you presently cope, identify the situations you encounter that are particularly stressful, and determine techniques for coping with these stressful situations. Complete the experiential exercise as directed. (NOTE: The instructor's material that supports this experiential exercise appears at the end of the exercise.)


We consider the eigenvalue problem: -Au qu = ).ou, u C H'1,2(Q), in a smooth bounded domain Q c W' . We allow -A q to have negative spectrum and assume wo > 0 in Q. _ 0 in a subdomain of Q. Under suitable regularity conditions, we establish several results for the spectrum of this problem. In particular, we give: a min.max. formula for 1 ; a precise estimate on the number of negative A; an estimate for the location of negative A . An example concludes the paper.


This paper is intended as a sequel to my presentation at the Bergen Congress five years ago, entitled Narrative as an Image of Cultural Transition: Portrait of an Asian Story-Teller. As the same informant provides the topic on this occasion, and as I supplied full details of his socio-economic background in the earlier paper, which was published in FABULA,1 shall not repeat myself here. I will only point out that he was born in Punjab Pakistan, in what was then India, and that he emigrated to Britain in 1965, where he is a leading member of the Muslim community. Because my informant is a highly educated individual and indeed is an academic colleague—he holds four degrees, more than I have myself!—as a courtesy, I gave him my previous paper to read. He was very pleased with it, indeed delighted, until he reached the final sentence which read as follows: His technique of tackling given situations with narrative, particularly the animal stories of his childhood with their firm grounding in the moral code, is discursive and unwestern and shows him to be a man of two cultures, Asian and European, traditional and modern, encapsulating within himself the major period of transition through which his community is passing at this time." This comment, which seemed to me to effectively sum up the importance of his position, to my great dismay, upset him deeply. He fell silent and, although we remained good friends—I see him frequently as a professional colleague—he told no more stories. I need not explain to this audience that, for me, this was a small tragedy. No explanations, no apologies had any effect. He had been wounded by the two words 'unwestern' and 'traditional'. Time passed, more than a year, and, as a thank you for past kindness in telling stories, I invited him to a performance of the opera Fahtaff. The plot is, of course, rather complicated and I tried to explain the lascivious desires of Falstaff, the plans of the two Merry Wives of Windsor to outwit him, and the comic situations that would arise as a result. He laughed heartily during the action and in the interval, while I was struggling with an ice-cream and of course had no notebook or pen with me, said "Ah!"—he always begins narratives with a cry of "Ah!", not unlike the bark of a dog—"I like that fat man! He reminds me of the Maulvi and the Farmer's Wife." The narrative flow had begun again and I was delighted! "A Maulvi [Muslim religious dignitary] had an eye on a farmer's wife, who was very beautiful, and made passes to her, off and on. The farmer's wife discussed this attitude of the Maulvi with her husband. They planned to teach


A new whole-sentence language model - neural trans-dimensional random field language model (neural TRF LM), where sentences are modeled as a collection of random fields, and the potential function is defined by a neural network, has been introduced and successfully trained by noise-contrastive estimation (NCE). In this paper, we extend NCE and propose dynamic noise-contrastive estimation (DNCE) to solve the two problems observed in NCE training. First, a dynamic noise distribution is introduced and trained simultaneously to converge to the data distribution. This helps to significantly cut down the noise sample number and reduce the training cost over NCE. Second, DNCE discriminates between sentences generated from the noise distribution and sentences generated from the interpolation of the data distribution and the noise distribution. This alleviates the overfitting problem caused by the sparseness of the training set. With DNCE, we can successfully and efficiently train neural TRF LMs on large corpus (about 0.8 billion words) with large vocabulary (about 568 K words). Neural TRF LMs perform as good as LSTM LMs with less parameters and being 5x~114x faster in rescoring sentences. Interpolating neural TRF LMs with LSTM LMs and n-gram LMs can further reduce the error rates.


St. Louis, Sept. 27, 1895. To the Editor: —In theJournalof September 21 (in the report of the Society Proceedings), I am represented as having said at a discussion of the Mississippi Valley Medical Association, at Detroit, Mich., that tuberculosis patients could not live in Colorado or New Mexico; that they would be more apt to die there quicker than anywhere else. I beg to say to you that I have never made such a remark anywhere, and that your reporter must have mistaken my statement. I did say something to the following effect: "That patients suffering with acute tuberculosis do not find a Colorado or New Mexico climate favorable, and that in such altitudes acute tuberculosis runs its course more rapidly than elsewhere at low altitudes." I had in mind simply acute tuberculosis, and nothing else. Please publish this letter in a prominent place among the Society Proceedings,


Human personality depicts an individual's behavior and it is a formal object of psychology. Understanding human behavior is a vital and fundamental subject to understand human's essence. The typology of behavioral concept is multifaceted and varied. In fact, various definitions of personality arrive at a single substance. This paper analyses Sigmund Freud's concept on personality through the eye of Qur'an. The Qur'an made a personality concept as part of its focus. Through a comparative method, this study concludes that both Freud and the Qur'an argue that human personality consists of three components or potentials with different characteristics, yet integrated, to create human behavior and its personality. Freud calls them consecutively as Id, Ego and Superego; while the Quran calls them as Nafs, Akal and Kalbu. The difference between Freud and Quran on personality concept lies on the source where these three potentials came from. In Freud's view, they came from the human being themselves internally or being influenced by their surroundings. Freud did not count God's influence in his theory. According to Quran, however, the third potentials (Kalbu)depicts God's values embedded in human being. Kalbu is called as a God's disposition (tendency). Thus, Quranic concept on personality is theocentric while Freud's is anthropocentric which is much dependent on rationality and morality of human being.


This article discusses that study Jiang Zemin's Selected Works should adopt the Marxist scientific attitude: to combine the background of the ages and the history progress of the fulfillment,deeply appreciate its great significance and spirit essence;to guide the theory study with the standpoint of unifying the persistence and developments;to connect theory with actuality by combining the actual work to study;to oppose various bad tendency and improve the real results of study.


A new pulse scheme, HN(CO)C, is described for simultaneous measurement of three-bond 3JC'Cβ and 3JC'Cγ couplings in proteins uniformly enriched with 13C and 15N. The experiment is demonstrated for human ubiquitin and apo-calmodulin, which have rotational correlation times of 4 and 8 ns, respectively. A Karplus relation, 3JC'Cβ = 1.59 cos2(φ − 120°) − 0.67 cos(φ − 120°) + 0.27 Hz, is obtained by correlating the ubiquitin 3JC'Cβ values with backbone φ angles from its crystal structure. Using these crystal structure φ angles, the root-mean-square difference (rmsd) between experimental 3JC'Cβ values and those predicted from the Karplus relation is 0.24 Hz. When using φ angles derived from 3JHNHα, 3JHNCβ, 3JHNC', 3JHαC', and 3JC'C', this rmsd decreases to 0.17 Hz. Peptide backbone φ angles can be derived from J couplings between either C'i-1 or HNi and the three Cαi substituents, C'i, Cβi, Hαi. For 45 residues in ubiquitin all six couplings have been measured, and the φ angles derived for these residues from c...


Objective
To explore the effect of two different urethral stent flush methods for postoperative complications of hypospadias repair in children patients.

Methods
A total of 182 cases of children patients who underwent urethroplasty with pedicled double skin flaps from March 2014 to March 2016 were divided into intervention group (n= 89) and the control group (n= 93) by using random number method. The control group was treated with gentamicin irrigation urethral stent; the intervention group was treated with gentamicin irrigation urethral stent, and the patients were trained to urinate twice with the stent from the fourth day after surgery. The incidence of urinary fistula and urethral stricture within one year after surgery, and the anxiety level of patients' caregivers were assessed.

Results
The incidence of urinary fistula in the intervention group and the control group were 5.7% (5/87) vs. 15.2% (14/92), and the difference was statistically significant(χ2=4.227, P<0.05). In the intervention group, the cases of non anxiety, mild anxiety, moderate anxiety and severe anxiety respectively were 33(37.9%), 42(48.3%), 8(9.2%) and 4(4.6%). However, in the control group the cases were 21(22.8%), 46(50.0%), 12(13.0%), 13(14.1%) respectively. The anxiety degree of patients' caregivers was significantly different between intervention group and control group (Z=2.757, P<0.01).

Conclusions
The training of early micturition with stent after hypospadias surgery can significantly reduce the incidence of urinary fistula and the anxiety level of caregivers.

Key words:
Nursing care; Complication; Hypospadias; Urethral stent flush


Bending is an important forming process in manufacture industry. It is worthwhile to studythis process and spring back problem. This paper briefly introduces the bending processfirst, and the system control model is built and also the corresponding computer simulationand control software system is developed. Practical application result indicates that bend-ing process computer simulation and control are realized and its precision is improved.


"Wittgenstein's Ghosts. Between Deleuze and Derrida". Both Derrida and Deleuze agree that with the advent of the moving image and the art of film, we need to articulate a new ontology or –in Wittgenstein's terms–, a new grammar. Derrida suggests this much when he reflects on what he calls the return of ghosts, which he attributes to the advent of film and the communications media; Deleuze does the same in his studies of film, and in particular in what he calls the time-image. They both carve a grammatical space where room is opened for us to talk about an experience that fuses, paradoxically, problematically, the real and the virtual. Wittgenstein is tracing this grammar in his discussions on inner experience and in his observations about the phenomenon of aspect-seeing. Articulating a new grammar requires also a new way of seeing and this new seeing is the purpose of his methods; "clairvoyant" methods we can call them, following Deleuze's term for what the time image propitiates in the viewer, in that they allow us to see beyond things to their aspects, beyond substances to processes; in other words, they train us to think in moving time. Philosophy is thus always a work of mourning and a commerce with ghosts. What this means is that Wittgenstein is –as Derrida and Deleuze are too–, what we might call a philosopher of becoming.


Background: A new method for determining cardiac output (CO, l/min) using dye dilution combined with pulse dye densitometry (PDD), based on the principle of pulse oximetry, has been developed. The aim of the study was to determine the accuracy and precision of PDD by comparing it with the thermodilution method. Methods: A prospective study was performed in 22 patients having surgery who were monitored using a pulmonary arterial catheter. In addition to the catheter, a specially designed photodetector was placed on the nasal wing. Ten milliliters of ice‐cold indocyanine green dissolved in a 5% glucose solution (0.5 mg/ml) was injected. The dye and thermal dilution curves were simultaneously measured to calculate CO. Three to six injections were performed before and after surgery. Paired data were assessed in absolute terms, and the percentage errors were calculated by the degree of agreement and compared at three levels of CO (low <or= to 3.5 < medium <or= to 6 < high) by analysis of variance. Results: The mean and SDs of the differences between dye and thermodilution CO were 0.16 +/‐ 0.80 l/min or 4.5 +/‐ 19.6% for 191 paired data. Measurement after surgery failed in one patient. The percentage error with low CO (9.3 +/‐ 19.3%) was greater (P < 0.05) than those obtained with other CO. Conclusions: Pulse dye densitometry could measure CO repeatedly in patients having major surgery with the same degree of accuracy as the thermodilution method; however, a considerable degree of error was observed in some patients.


The aim of present research is investigate the relationship between financial variables includes growth opportunities, systematic risk and Annual stock return with the level of cash holdings in the Tehran Stock Exchange. Statistical population of present research has been all the companies listed in Tehran Stock Exchange which include 449 company during the years 2007 to 2014. Of the statistical population, 77 companies were selected. According to the main hypothesis and first sub-hypothesis, the relationship between systemic risk and cash holdings is significant, direct and positive. According to the main hypothesis and second sub-hypothesis, the relationship between systemic risk and cash holdings is not significant and this can be due to other interfering factors such as economic and financial factors and different statistical population. According to the main hypothesis and third sub-hypothesis, the relationship between annual stock return and cash holdings is significant, direct and positive.


A new formula for line form inside and outside laser is derived. The linewidth is calculated on the basis of the derived formula for the line form. Our simulation of the linewidth for three Fabry-Perot lasers allows explaining all known to us experimental measurements of semiconductor laser natural linewidth.


Merging of large-scale city fires and forest fires causes rapid acceleration of fire growth. Once a merging fire occurs, it becomes more difficult to suppress, with greater potential damages. In particular, merging fires may induce fire whirls in windy conditions. However, the details of interactions in multiple fires that cause fire merging have not been fully clarified. For the interactions in multiple fires, the inter-fire distance among fires greatly affects the merging phenomenon. The objective of this paper is to examine the detailed merging conditions, particularly the burning rate increase and total heat release rate, by numerical simulation of reduced scale fires. The burning behavior of n-heptane in n × n fire arrays is examined, using the fire simulation software, FDS by NIST. In addition, another simple model is employed. The number of array matrix, n, is varied, together with the inter-fire distance. The simulation results show that there are considerable differences between both simulations and experiments. However, the differences between the simpler simulation Method II and experiments are fewer than the simulation Method I. The following possibilities are considered: (1) The oil pan size affects the difference, but the results between simulations and experiments are so large. (2) The grid size for simulations may have some effects on the simulation results due to the resolution, (3) the experimental results may not always be precise, since the burning rates in the experiments are measured by the burn-out time and (4) the wind caused by merging fires may reduce the radiative heat flux to the adjacent fuel. The relationship between flame length and burning rate and the relationship between flame length and radiative heat flux are well-correlated.Copyright © 2014 by ASME


Stochastic networks have played a fundamental role as canon ical models for a wide variety of multi-resource applications, i cluding numerous types of computer and communication systems, manu facturing systems, multi-item inventory systems, call cen ters, and workforce management systems. The complexity of such appli cations continue to grow at a rapid pace, which in turn increa ses the technical difficulties of obtaining stochastic network solutions in the analysis, modeling and optimization of these applica tions. Moreover, the consistent stream of emerging multi-resourc e application areas continue to further exacerbate this growth trend in complexity. One particularly important example is busines s performance management, which is a key emerging technology pos itioned to enable optimization of business process operatio ns and information technology infrastructure through stochasti c network models in order to achieve business performance targets. The primary difficulty in obtaining stochastic network solu tions in the analysis, modeling and optimization of multi-resour ce applications concerns the complex dependencies among the queues in the network. Indeed, it is only under relatively strong rest rictions that the stationary joint distribution for the network has a product form in terms of the stationary distribution for each queue i n isolation. Although the requirements for product-form soluti ons may not often hold in practice, the use of these results as approx imations, possibly together with other heuristics, is a freque ntly employed approach in computer capacity planning application s; refer to, e.g., [5]. However, the accuracy of this approach withou any bounds on the errors is an important concern from both a theor etical and practical perspective. Due to the difficulty of obtainin g analytic solutions for non-product-form stochastic networks, alte rnative approaches are often based on various forms of stochastic simu lat on methods. In particular, there is essentially exclusive use of simulation for the analysis, modeling and optimization of stoc hastic network models of business processes [4], with few exceptio ns. On the other hand, simulation can be computationally expensive, especially when used to solve optimization problems i nvolving multidimensional stochastic systems. Simulation-bas ed techniques have been widely studied to address such stochastic o ptimization problems in general; see, e.g., [6]. While these re c nt advances can significantly improve upon the computational cos ts and accuracy of solving stochastic optimization problems with naive use of simulation, we believe that much greater improvement s can be obtained by establishing and exploiting fundamental pro perties of the stochastic network and by extending and exploiting no nlinear optimization methods, together with the recent adva nces in stochastic simulation-based and numerical techniques. Of particular interest from both theoretical and practical perspectives are Brownian models of feedforward stochastic networ ks and non-linear optimization based on convex programming and tr ustregion methods. Under the latter iterative methods, the obj ctive function is approximated in a neighborhood of the current it erate (the so-called trust region) by a surrogate model that is eas ier to deal with than the objective function; see, e.g., [1]. The it era ive procedure moves to the next iterate within the trust region t hat optimizes the surrogate model, where both the trust region and surrogate model are updated as more information about the true obj ective function is obtained. We propose a general methodology for the optimization of fee dforward Brownian networks. Our approach is based on combini ng and extending approaches and results from various fields inc ludi g simulation optimization, trust-region methods, numerica l methods, and fundamental properties of feedforward Brownian networ ks. By exploiting and extending results from each of these areas, w e hope that our methodology will converge faster and yield better s olutions than existing approaches. In what follows, we present a summ ary of our general methodology and some of our ongoing research i n this area, and then consider a few numerical experiments tha t highlight structural properties of our approach.


The procurement system, operations management, logistics, and marketing channel become the main engine of trade in the world in recent years, so the results obtained by recent authors have a paramount role in supply chain. This paper aims to present a review of the artificial intelligence process in supply chain management. Two stages of literature studies are proposed. The first focuses on the presentation of theories and methods related to artificial intelligence and supply chain management. Where, Method is A review of artificial intelligence and its role in the ports and maritime supply chain are supported as a review of recent published papers. The findings suggest that the previous literature is largely focused on supply chain management, thus leaving the research screening at a very limited level. The second stage presents the literature on the application of artificial intelligence in the Ports and Maritime Industry. The most remarkable finding is that most studies ignored the theories related to the issue of artificial intelligence and supply chain management. Additionally, the previous works show a lack of adoption of certain types of artificial intelligence in the port and maritime industry. Consequently, the studies of the impact of artificial intelligence on the port and maritime sector remain unexploited as it is based on a bibliometric review. In this case, it is recommended that researchers study other types of artificial intelligence on supply chain management, develop a systematic review of the impact of artificial intelligence on the port and maritime sector, and link theory and practice. Keywords: Artificial intelligence (AI); maritime supply chain; Industry 4.0; PMI Method.


IH are the most common tumour of childhood, occurring in 4–10% of infants and usually arise in the first few weeks of life. They have an early rapid proliferative phase when bleeding, and ulceration may occur, and the natural history is resolution over time, with 90% fully regressed by 9 years of age. IH usually do not require intervention. Indications for treatment depend on the size and the location of the tumour. IH are not only a cosmetic concern but can be life threatening when arising around airways and can impact on bodily function when present near eyes, ears or the perineum. Scarring following resolution, necessitating surgery, is not uncommon. Where clinically indicated, corticosteroids have traditionally been the mainstay of treatment during the proliferative phase to reduce growth but are of limited use after this period. Propranolol for treating IH was a serendipitous discovery, first reported by Léauté-Labrèze et al., in 2008. Two children with large IH were treated for high output cardiac failure with propranolol. Impressive and rapid regression of their haemangiomas was noted. Subsequently, the authors reported similar outcomes for a further nine children with IH treated with propranolol.


Introduction The growth of wind energy has again started in India. The market is expected to grow year on year and thus needs trained professionals to satisfy the market demand. For last 18 years I am closely attached to this industryand researching on the technique of wind turbine manufacturing process as a part of my job. This write up shows the present training structure prevailing in Indian wind turbine manufacturing industry and proposes a blue print for the improvement to match the growth demand of windmill industry.


The genetic improvement of teak (Tectona grandis Linn. f.), a high value tropical hardwood, has been hindered by a paucity of genetic parameter estimates. In particular, an association between flowering age and forking height has been suggested but never before quantified. In this study, 3- to 6-year data from a cloned progeny test were used to estimate heritability and genetic correlations among stem size, forking, and flowering traits. Mean narrow-sense heritability estimates ( h 2 ^ ) were 0.09–0.10, and mean broad-sense heritability estimates (H 2 ^ ) were 0.38–0.45 for stem size traits. There were no age trends in h 2 ^ or H 2 ^ . Age–age additive and nonadditive genetic correlations were strong and were not related to the time interval between measurements. Forking height and forking age were under weak to moderate genetic control. Flowering age was under substantially greater genetic control, with h 2 ^ of 0.21 and H 2 ^ of 0.46. Additive and nonadditive genetic correlations between forking height ...


This study uses Kidung Tunjung Biru as object. The problems raised in this study include structure and the meaning of Kidung Tunjung Biru. Theory which was employed in this study is a structural theory and semiotic theory. Methods and techniques used in this study were divided into three phases, (1) the stage of data collection method is used to read assisted with translation techniques, (2) the stage of data analysis used descriptive analysis method, and (3) the stage of presentation of the results of the analysis used informal and formal methods. The results obtained from this study is structure of Kidung Tunjung Biru consisting of: metrum and languages. The meaning contained in Kidung Tunjung Biru, consisting of: flowers in a symbolic;the expression of love; and the concept of kalepasan (unity of God and Human).


Abstract A short synthesis of the biologically active sesquiterpene natural product (+)‐aphanamol I in both racemic and enantiopure forms is reported. Key steps include: a catalytic enantioselective conjugate addition, an oxidative radical cyclization, and a ring‐expanding Claisen rearrangement.


Comprehensive testing is essential to ensure that software works correctly. Improving this process is necessary for software quality assurance. Beside "test execution", the tasks of "test design" include creating the test cases and the test data. Test design is important but is time and effort consuming when done manually. This paper proposes a method that generates test design artifacts from UML design models; it is intended to improve SUT coverage and test density with minimal manual labor input. We implement a prototype and perform a case study to compare automatic generation and manual creation.


We propose a novel method to segment the moving object in video clips. In this work, we introduce a region trajectory generation model based on graph clustering. Point trajectories are widely used to measure the motion similarity because of their unambiguity. However, region trajectories preserve object boundaries, while optical flow based point trajectories always `over-smooth' to the background. To cluster the region trajectories to meaningful objects, we employ a spectral embedding framework. Affinities are computed based on motion similarities between point trajectories associated with the region trajectories. Foreground topology is used in the discretization procedure to achieve robust segmentation, which is insensitive to the number of eigenvector selected. We validate our method on challenging dataset and provide statistical comparison with the state-of-the-art methods.


PRIMARY pulmoniary tumours of mesenichymal origini are unIcomMOnII in dogs (Moulton 1990, Watson and others 1993). Those of cartilagiinous origin are rare even in humain beiings, and there are fewv reports in domestic animals; pulmonary chondrosar-comiia has previously been described in two dogs (Patnaik 1990, WXeller and others 1992). This short communication describes a case of pulmonary chondroma in a dog. A five-year-old, neutered, female greyhound wvas presenited wvith a four-week history of lethargy, inappetenice and mild sporadic coughing. The dog wvas depressed and pyrexic (39 $8C) with mlode-ate tachvpnoea. Sercni biochemistry, complete blood cell counts and urinalysis results were within normal ranges. Thoracic radiography confirmed the presence of a soft tissuCe I1ass of 10.5 cm diameter in the right dorsal lung field, wvhich exteinded from the sixth to the l0th rib and contained gas lucenciCes suggestive of cavitation. Lateral thoracotomy via the right fifth intercostal spacc revealed the mass in the right caLidal lulng lobe. A right caLidal luing lobectomy was perform-led anid ani enlarged bronchial lymph node was also excised; both secre stored in 10 per cenit neutral buffterecd forimialiin. 'ITlhe lung lobe wsas cccipiecd aind expainded by a firm, wvhite 1 1 x 10 x 7 cIm1 mass adjacent to the Im1ain bronchus, which lhad irregular bLit sWell circucmscribed mai-gins and extended to the pleural SUIrfaCeS (Fig 1). OIn sectioning, the centre of the imiass wvas cavTitatecd aind contained small amIounI1tS of soft, taln debris. RepresentatiWe specimenis wvere processed by routinIe methods and emiibedded in paraffin Wtax. Glass slide-mounted sectioIns (5 pmn) ssere staiined wvith haematoxvlin anid cosill. Histologically, the imiass wvas comiipriscd of miultiple ir'regLilarly-shaped chonidroicd lobules with rouindecd margins. The mass occupiecd onie side of the maiinsteimi bronchus, separated soIm1e of the cartilagte rings and extended into the scirrounldiIng parenchyma. It protruded into the bronchial lumein. Numiierous cluisters of moderately siz'ed lacunae vere observed within the clroicd1ld imiatrix, each of which conitaiined a small, roucid, m1onlon0uclear or occasionally bincucleate tcImOcir cell (Fig 2). The tuLm1ocLr cells had a small amount of vacUlOlatecd, pale-staining, eosinophilic cytoplasimi, wvhich staiined positivelvr for S 1()(). The nuclcei were smI1all, cenitral and ovoid, with finely stippled chromatin and a simiall, central, deeply eosinophilic IucleolCIs. Towards the centre of the mass, incrIotic lobuiles lined a large, cavitated spacc conItaining sim1all am11ouInts of cellulardebris. Bronchioles and alveolar spaces surrounding the tuLm1lour mass contaiined large nimbers of nLeutrophils aind inicr-eased nuimbers of macrophages, with fibrous thickening of the alveolar septa. There swas reactive hyperplasia of the bronchial lymnph node wvith iiiultifocal suppurative inflammiiiiationi and anthracosis. A diaginosis of parenchymal puilmiioniary chondroma wvith associated pneum1o1nia aInd regiOIal lymphadenitis was made on the basis of gross, histological and imimiuinohistochemlical findinigs. Pulmonary choiidroimias are rare tuLmuLirs, which may be parenchymnal or involve the cartilaginous airways, as in this dog. In human beiings they occuir as solitary or multiple lesions in older individuals of either genider, or in yOunlg xvomen with Carney's triad in associatioin with gastric simiootlh muiscle tumouirs anid extra-adrenal pai-againgliomas (Colby aind others 1995). Choindroimias are wvell circumiiscribed, loblulated tumours comprised of benigcn crtilaginois tissue. B3oth proximity to a bronclhus and necrotic cystic degeierationi, as in this casc, are comimiioin features (( olby anid others 1995). FIG 1: Formalin-fixed sample from the right caudal lung lobe containing the pulmonary chondroma, which has been bisected and the two halves placed beside each other


This qualitative case study sought to analyze the competencies required for the performance of public school directors of basic education for the development of an autonomous and democratic management. It was carried out with school directors in a municipality in the state of Santa Catarina and the results showed a constraint on the expression of identified competencies, due to the restrictions of the Education Department, the need for preparation for the function and the low participation of the school community.


Construction management is a relatively new subject area. Research development in construction management can be described as eclectic. The different themes that have dominated its research at various periods provide evidence of the progression in the development of the subject area. The paper presents a profile of such themes over the past four decades. It also identifies some of the current issues that the construction management community will have to confront in order to advance its research within the foreseeable future.


Analysis of more than 50 accidents involving automated commercial transport aircraft showed that the majority could be attributed to pilot error involving reprogramming of automated systems. An examination of current aircraft automation and automation-related training and operations strongly suggests that a major factor in this situation is the lack of adequate systems engineering in the automation development process. A study of contemporary commercial aircraft systems, under guidelines developed in the systems engineering process for an early military terrain-following system, reveals weaknesses in the design of the commercial systems. Commercial aviation could benefit substantially from more extensive use of proven systems engineering practices.


Essential oil of Artemis a lavandulaefolia, the chrysanthemum family plant used in the chinese medicine. was extracted and antibacterial and antifungal activity with many kinds of the pathogenic bacterium and fungi was experimented by it. Staphylococcus epidermidis, and Streptococcus aureus, gram positive bacterium, at the concentration of 200ppm and Streptococcus mutans at the concentration of 1, 000ppm showed the growth inhibition effect of the cell. These showed statistically significant difference(p<0.05). Zymomonas mobilis, Entrecoccus faecalis, gram negative bacterium, at the concentration of 200ppm and Pseudomonas putida at the concentration of 400ppm showed the growth inhibition effect of the cell (p<0, 05), V. parahaemolyticus at the concentration of 800ppm and Pseudomonas aeruginosa at the concentration of 1, 000ppm showed the growth inhibition effect of the cell(p<0, 05). Candida albicans and Cryptococcus neoformans, yeast-type fungi, showed the gorwth inhibition effect of the cell at the concentration of 200ppm(p < 0.05). Altenaria mall, Aspergillus nidulans and Fusarium oxysporum, filamentous fungi, took the growth inhibition effect of the cell at the concentration of 600ppm, 400ppm and 100ppm respectively.


—Fine-tuning of pre-trained deep nets is commonly used to improve accuracies and training times for neural nets. It is generally assumed that pre-training a net for optimal source task performance best prepares it for fine-tuning to learn an arbitrary target task. This is generally not true. Stopping source task training, prior to optimal performance, can create a pre-trained net better suited for fine-tuning to learn a new task. We perform several experiments demonstrating this effect, as well as the influence of the amount of training and of learning rate. Additionally, our results indicate that this reflects a general loss of learning ability that even extends to relearning the source task.


Radiocomplexation of Teicoplanin (TIN), a new glycopeptide antibiotic with technetium-99m, was investigated. The 99mTc-TIN complex was assessed for its radiochemical permanence, in vitro stability in serum, binding with methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), biodistribution in Model Rats (MRT) and for scintigraphic precision in Model Rabbit (MRB). Radiochemically, a stable 99mTc-TIN was observed with 98.90±0.50% yield and remained staunch more than 90% up to 120 min, by mixing TIN, 1.5 mg in 0.5 ml of saline with 2.5 mCi sodium pertechnetate and 150 µl of stannous chloride dihydrate at pH 5.4. The 99mTc-TIN was found stable in serum with an insignificant undesirable yield of free and unhydrolyzed technetium (5.25±0.10 and 13.5±0.14%, n = 10) up to 120 min of incubation. The 99mTc-TIN showed in vitro binding with MRSA in the range of 55–65%. The 99mTc-TIN showed almost six-fold elevated uptake in the infected (IFT) muscle of the MRT as compared with the inflamed (IFM) and normal (NL) muscles. This higher uptake of the 99mTc-TIN in the IFT was scintigraphically confirmed after the whole body scanning of the MRB. The radiochemical eternalness with high yield, in vitro stability in serum, binding with MRSA, significant biodistribution performance, and scintigraphic precision posed the 99mTc-TIN, a new glycopeptide radiotracer for the infection imaging. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.


With this issue, TREE is 20 years old. When it first appeared, there was considerable discussion about whether thefieldwasbigenough tosustainamonthly review journal. Since then, the fields of ecology and evolution have, by any metric, exploded. To mark the 20th birthday of the journal, we asked a range of authors to summarise their fields provocatively, with perspectives on the recent past and the near future. One special issue rapidly became two as most of the promised articles appeared. We are grateful to the authors for doing such a fine job to such strict deadlines. The progress and transition documented in these two special issues reflect not only scientific and societal needs, but also technology and its ramifications. Twenty years ago, journals were read in libraries, and serious analyses emanated from computer rooms. Graduate students shared word processors to write theses and whole departments shared laser printers. There was no e-mail, no world wide web and nobody had heard of a journal impact factor. Applee released the Mac Plus, a personal computer with radical innovations such as a numeric keypad, folders within folders, and enough memory (if maximally expanded) to store a 2006EUgrant application. Most desktop software resided on floppy discs (some of which were in fact floppy), and an unpopular program called Worde appeared in a version that did not need command keys and produced documents that, miraculously, looked the same on screen as they did on the page. The Earth has also changed. During the past 20 years, the planet has lost onemillion km of Arctic ice [1], 2million km of forest [2] and, by some estimates, more than 20 000 species [3]. The concentration of CO2 in the atmosphere has increased by 10% [4] and the average temperate by 0.3 8C. We also added 1.5 billion people. In 1986, only 38 000AIDS cases had been reported to the WHO, whereas, last year, there were 40 million [5]. In response to such trends, needdriven science has emerged over the lifetime of TREE. In 1986, researchers thought that important ecosystems were only those that were minimally disturbed by humans, or at least on a trajectory to something more 'natural' (e.g. secondary forest succession). There seemed to be a tangible divide between 'applied' and 'basic' science, with most ecology and evolution research being associated with the latter. Now, ecologists are being asked hard questions about why biodiversity matters, howmuch carbon is fixed by land plants and sequestered in soils, and what themessy process of humanization of landscapes portends for biodiversity and ecosystem function. Evolutionary biologists have been


This paper presents a new hybrid methodology to diagnose failures in aeronautical and civil structures using as a tool the Perceptron multi-layer artificial neural networks and ARTMAP-Fuzzy and the wavelet transform. The main application of this hybrid methodology. The main application of this methodology is the auxiliary structures inspection process in order to identify and characterize the flaws, as well as perform the decisions aiming at avoiding accidents or disasters. In order to evaluate this methodology, we carried out the modeling and simulation of signals from a numerical model of an aluminum beam and a building. The results demonstrate the robustness and accuracy methodology.


In the preface and postscript to his Postmodern geographies, which traces and promotes the reassertion of space in critical social theory, Ed Soja (1989: 5) admits to having contemplated a new journal devoted to taking on postmodernism and the whole array of 'post-isms'. He would call it Antipost. Somewhat differently interpreted, this title catches something of the work that has emerged over the last year in the history and philosophy of geography. If the philosophy of geography is taken to include contemporary shifts in the overall vision of geographic inquiry, then it is a fair generalization that much recent work has shaped a dual focus on the anti-modern and postmodern. But as Soja suggests, this is itself part of a larger recentring of geography in social and cultural theory.


This paper, we give a express formula of distribution for elliptically contoured matrix distributions. Same times, shows that condition distribution of elliptically contoured matrix distribution is elliptically contoured distribution yet.


Visual storytelling is commonly employed to communicate data analyses results. Alternatively, (semi-)automated [1, 2, 6] data narratives or " tours " have been proposed as a means to prompt exploration of massive multidimensional datasets, substituting the more prevalent static overviews. While these works demonstrate specific instances of data tours, a concrete model to describe the building blocks of such tours is lacking. We present a descriptive hierarchical framework, DataTours, to formalize and guide the design of (semi-) automated tours for data exploration and discuss challenges evoked by the framework in the (semi-)automated authoring of such tours.


In this study, the effect of machining parameters on the integrity of aluminum alloy obtained by evaporative casting pattern (EPC) process was considered. The pattern, gating system and mould were designed for the casting process. Three process parameters used in generating the Taguchi's code for the analysis of the surface roughness are the pouring temperature, grain finest number of the moulding material and the gating ratio. The analysis revealed that the best surface finish of aluminium alloy was obtained at 650°C. At temperature higher than this, casting obtained have very rough surfaces with more defects. The Taguchi codes generated lead to nine numbers of runs, and the results of surface roughness gotten under the examination of computer numeric control (CNC) machine were analysed by statistical analysis software (Minitab). The effect of speed decreases with the increase in speed, the effect of feed rate gives a better finish at 90mm/min while the parameter depth of cut gives a reasonable result between 0.5 to 1.0 mm. In the analysis, it was discovered that machining parameters also have significant effect on the surface roughness of cast aluminium alloy.


BACKGROUND
Non-variceal upper gastrointestinal bleeding (NVUGIB) secondary to peptic ulcer disease is a medical digestive emergency and could be one of the most serious adverse drug reactions.

OBJECTIVE
To identify the frequency of diagnosis of NVUGIB secondary to peptic ulcer disease.

METHODS
Prospective and epidemiological study conducted in a tertiary referral Brazilian hospital, from July 2016 to December 2019. Upper gastrointestinal endoscopies (UGE) reports were evaluated daily. The diagnosis of NVUGIB secondary to peptic ulcer disease was defined through endoscopic findings of peptic ulcer and erosive gastric lesions, and clinical symptoms. The frequency of diagnosis of NVUGIB secondary to peptic ulcer disease was estimated through the ratio between the number of patients diagnosed and the number of patients underwent UGE in the same period.

RESULTS
A total of 2,779 endoscopic reports (2,503 patients) were evaluated, and 178 patients were eligible. The total frequency of diagnosis of NVUGIB secondary to peptic ulcer disease was 7.1%. The annual frequency of diagnosis between 2017 and 2019 ranged from 9.3% to 5.7%. Most patients were men (72.8%); self-declared white (71.8%); older people (56.7%); and, had no familiar or personal history of gastrointestinal diseases (60.1%). 90% of the patients had a peptic ulcer and melena (62.8%). Patients made chronic use of low-dose aspirin (29.3%), other antiplatelet agents (21.9%) and, oral anticoagulants (11.2%); and non-steroidal anti-inflammatories use in the week a prior to the onset of clinical symptoms (25.8%).

CONCLUSION
Seven in every 100 patients admitted and underwent UGE in a tertiary hospital were diagnosed with NVUGIB secondary to peptic ulcer disease.


The present invention relates to high efficiency light-emitting diode back light unit in use when the edge-type back-light source to the light-emitting diode (LED) by re-reflection and guide light that is lost without being incident into the light guide plate to maximize the optical efficiency. The present invention, the first reflective plate and the optical sheet for the total reflection within the light guide plate of the case, and the LED light source part is attached to the side of the cover bottom, light loss is reflected in the light guide plate and a light guide plate lower part consisting of a cover bottom and a guide panel a printed circuit board (PCB) according to a light source is a conductive pattern for operating the light emitting diode is formed and mounting the light emitting diode in the backlight unit consisting of; The light emitting diode array to a printed circuit line on the board (PCB); And located between the LEDs and the printed circuit board (PCB) and a second reflection plate for joining the invalid light emitted from the light-emitting diode back to the light guide plate. Therefore, because according to the present invention, light efficiency can be increased by reducing the number of required LED to the same luminance conditions may reduce manufacturing costs of the backlight. Back light, light efficiency, light-emitting diode, cost reduction, brightness, reflective plate


The evaluation on the Ecology Carrying Capacity of the city construction land and farmland resources on the basis of the ecosystem function is of important significance for promoting rational use of land resources and sustainable development of the cities.This paper explores the approachs evaluating Ecology Carrying Capacity of the construction land and farmland in the cities.The quantitative analysis and research on the reasonable construction land proportion and farmland scale and its results will provide scientific basis for the systemic study on ecology carrying capacity of city land resource.


Abstract : This report summarizes the results of a motion sensation literature review conducted to identify current motion cue models which might be used to model pilot behavior in a motion environment. Models for the vestubular end organs are critically reviewed, as are models for subjective sensation of self- velocity and orientation. Modelling deficiencies are identified in terms of body-axis orientation, dynamic response, and threshold behavior. The model implications for workload and cue predictability in a closed-loop piloted task are also discussed.


The invention provides a sprinkling pot for magnetic particle testing and a preparation method of a magnetic suspension. The sprinkling pot for magnetic particle testing comprises a pot body and a nozzle part, wherein the pot body is provided with a pot main body and a pot mouth; a first scale is arranged on the pot main body and extends from the bottom of the pot main body to the pot mouth; second scale is arranged on the pot mouth and extends from the inlet end of the pot mouth to the pot main body; and the nozzle part is connected with the pot mouth. The first scale and the second scale are arranged to measure the volume of clear water in the pot main body and the quality of a magnetic paste needing to be added, respectively, and therefore, the preparation concentration of the magnetic suspension can be effectively controlled and the purpose of improving the accuracy of the prepared concentration of the magnetic suspension can be achieved.