The techniques devised to study oncogenic transformation in vitro, involving established cell lines as well as fresh explants from hamster embryos, represent a powerful tool to study the mechanisms involved in radiation carcinogenesis. Large numbers of cells can be irradiated and transformation incidence scored over a wide range of doses down to as low as 0.01 Gy of X rays. When data with small confidence intervals are available for doses below 1 Gy, it becomes evident that the dose-response relationship has a complex shape and is not well represented by a linear relationship between transformation incidence and dose. Experiments with fractionated doses of X rays indicate that dividing the dose into two equal fractions separated by 5 hr results in a decrease of transformation incidence compared with a single exposure of the same total dose for doses above 1.5 Gy, but that at lower dose levels splitting the dose enhances transformation incidence. In a further series of experiments, it has been shown that t...


Fermentation is the key working procedure of tea quality formation. This paper illustrated the chemical foundation of black tea fermentation process,systematically analyzed the main technical factors and the application of new technology in fermentation process. The detection technology of fermentation degree was discussed and the application prospect was also presented.


Early, germinal center–independent, memory B cell responses are exquisitely sensitive to upregulation and downregulation of cell-intrinsic BAFFR signaling. However, germinal center function, including production of memory B cells, is unaffected by modulations of this pathway.


Preface Acknowledgements Sir Douglas Mawson Symposium opening ceremony 1. Precambrian East Antarctic craton 2. East Antarctica-West Antarctica boundary and the Ross Orogen, including Northern Victoria Land 3. Beacon supergroup and associated igneous rocks 4. West Antarctica 5. Scotia Arc and Antarctic Peninsula 6. Marine geology 7. Antarctic resources 8. Glacial geology and geomorphology 9. Crustal structure of Antarctica 10. Cenozoic tectonics and climatic record - onshore and offshore evidence 11. Antarctica in Gondwanaland 12. Plate tectonics 13. Antarctic meteorites Sub Antarctic Islands 15. Ceneozoic igneous activity.


Numbering 3.5 million, nurses constitute the largest health care professionals in the United States and have been voted at Gallup polls as the most trusted professionals for an impressive 17 years. The replication of The Woodhull Study on Nursing and the Media: Health Care's Invisible Partner (Sigma Theta Tau International Honor Society of Nursing [STTI], 1997) by Mason, Nixon, et al. (2018) concluded that nurses—20 years later—remain mostly invisible in health news media. This 2017 study is commonly referred to as Woodhull 2, whereas the original is called Woodhull 1. In the 365 articles in Woodhull 2, nurses were only quoted as sources 2% and never quoted on health policy stories. Nurses were only cited as sources in 4% of the articles in the original Woodhull study (STTI, 1997). These questions remain: Why do nurses remain invisible in the media despite public trust and their strength in numbers? How can nursing improve the visibility of nurses in the media? While the proportion of women in medicine and in journalism has increased, nursing remains largely a 90% female profession (Mason, Nixon, et al., 2018). The role of women in general is appreciably less than that of men in the media (Women's Media Center [WMC], 2019). In Phase 2 of Woodhull 2, ten journalists were interviewed to explore their experience when using nurses as sources. Cited as barriers were unclear role, work, and level of education of nurses; inability to find nurses when needed; and lack of initiative from nurses and nursing associations in offering nurses' research and clinical expertise to journalists (Mason, Glickstein, & Westphaln, 2018). "If women's voices are not in the media . . . , if matters that affect women's lives are not being covered, women are not seen as crucial in the culture" (WMC, 2019, p. 9). Conversely, if nurses' voices are not in the media—if nurses' contribution in health care and positive patient outcomes are absent—nurses will not be acknowledged as having pivotal force in health care. In transcultural nursing, how do we specifically improve our nurse representation in the media? Through the work of Madeleine Leininger and other proponents of transcultural nursing, there is an enlarging body of knowledge for culturally and linguistically congruent care. General strategies to increase nurse media visibility cited on Woodhull 1 study— deemed by Mason, Nixon, et al. (2018) as currently applicable—also apply in transcultural nursing: (1) compiling directories of media-savvy nurses prepared to speak with journalists, (2) recommendation from health care organizations about nurses and their clinical and policy expertise, (3) initiatives from nursing associations and universities to reach out to journalists about new research and relevant issues, (4) alerting journalists about the depth of clinical nursing expertise and experience, and (5) facilitating nurses to develop media competencies. These strategies will be enhanced by progressive inclusion of policy and media content in the curriculum from baccalaureate to graduate programs. Nurses must continue to educate the public through the print media, television, radio, and social media about the work of nurses in nursing practice, education, research, and administration—highlighting their contribution in health and health care policymaking. In Phase 3 of Woodhull 2, the use of Twitter hashtags by 47 of the top schools of nursing was analyzed from 2016 to 2018 (Mason, Glickstein, et al., 2018). Findings revealed that universities with active Twitter accounts were more "inward-facing" or intranet-like in communicating with nurses rather than "outward facing," hence initiating attention and channel of communication with members of the media (Mason, Glickstein, et al., 2018, p. 3). This information is paramount to nurses who use Twitter as a social media platform when they share their work in maintaining health and policymaking with the public they serve. With consistent initiatives and strategies geared to increasing media visibility of nurses, we are at vantage point to also increase the visibility of work in transcultural nursing as we clamor for culturally and linguistically congruent care in all health care frontiers and influence policy for effective health outcomes.


hands; some of which would be equally at home in Part I. The book begins with a 'Prelude: Past Scepticism in the Light of Present Epistemology'; which role is then played by Ernest Sosa's excellent chapter on Descartes qua virtue epistemologist. But a designated prelude deserves to be engaged with, at least implicitly, by what follows it. That does not occur in this case. The book's most thematically unified and distinct segment is Part II, amounting to a clear and well-structured debate about the nature and strength of entitlement responses to sceptical arguments (Aidan McGlynn, Duncan Pritchard, Crispin Wright, Annalisa Coliva). This lengthy book offers a few new ideas, along with many that will be familiar to experienced readers of some of these authors. All of that is useful, even if sometimes more as a reminder than as a fresh vista. No matter: the book records a present timeslice of a few recognisable concept-slices of contemporary epistemology. This, it does very well.


White matter (WM) microstructural integrity is important for effective brain functioning and alterations have been shown in many neurodegenerative diseases.


The authors find that well-targeted early intervention programs for at-risk children, such as nurse home visits to first-time mothers and high-quality pre-school education, can yield substantial advantages to participants in terms of emotional and cognitive development, education, economic well-being and health.


Hugo Chow is a current MSc Human Rights student at LSE. He completed his undergraduate study at Chinese University of Hong Kong, with a major in Government & Public Administration and a minor in German. He is currently working as a part-time Research Intern for the Business and Human Rights Resource Centre.


This qualitative and ethnographic thesis deals with the discursive gender identities representations of male and female teachers in the context of a school, especially the female gender domination. I consider that this gender suffers domination of its opposite, the masculine, becoming both heteronormative dominant genders at the school discourses. The data generated and collected consist of a corpus composed of four semistructured interviews, inclass observations and images, photographs and murals from the school that served as the context for the production and development of this research. In order to analyze the data generated and collected, I used the theory and methodology proposed by the Critical Discourse Analysis ( Chouliaraki & Fairclough , 1999 ; Fairclough , 1989 , 2011 , 2003 ). According to Fairclough (2003), there is a simultaneous and dialectical operation between the three main principles in the texts meanings. I analyze the corpus in their actional, representational and identificational meanings. The Multimodality Theory proposed by Kress & van Leeuwen (1996, 2011), The Sistemic-Functional Grammar (HALLIDAY, 1994; HALLIDAY e MATHISSEN, 2004), the New Literacy Studies proposed by Street (1984 , 2001) , the concept of gender and gender identity of Louro (1997) and Magalhaes (2008), in addition to gender and language concepts proposed by Cameron (1995) bring theoretical and analytical contributions to this thesis. There were also some conceptual contributions from the Critical Social Sciences as the concept of Late Modernity proposed by Giddens (1991; 2002), the concept of hegemony in Gramsci (2006) and ideology in Thompson (2002) the concepts of reproduction from Bourdieu and Passeron (1975), the symbolic power of Bourdieu (2004) , Bourdieu's symbolic violence (1994) , Bourdieu's habitus and field concepts (1984; 1996), and I added some critics to Bourdieu (2011) and the concept of male dominance. Research results indicate the presence of male domination in the school context, with a male protagonism in the classroom and the association of female gender identity to passivity and affectivity. However, the analyzes also point to a possibility of changing the condition of social domination of one gender by another through an opening for the difference in female discourse, which demonstrates that the critical linguistic conscience can be constituted as a key to the end of social gender domination.


The purpose of this study is to recover mineral residues as an additive in cement-based building materials. It is part of a sustainable development approach. The use of recovered and recyclable industrial residues in partial replacement of Portland cement reduces greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and results in the manufacture of cement with a lower environmental impact.
Using various experimental techniques, particular attention is paid to the behaviour of the glass powder finely crushed and chemically activated associated with Portland cement. This study confirms the improvement in the physicochemical and mechanical properties of cements with the addition of glass powder, which augurs well for its use as a cement additive.


Summary Host range susceptibility studies with mouse adapted dengue types 1-6 have shown that cultures prepared from kidney tissues of primate origin are more sensitive to dengue virus plaque formation than culture systems originating from tissues of non-primates, e.g., porcine kidney. Plaques developed in cultures of rhesus monkey kidney (LLC-Mk2 passage line) and porcine kidney (PS-Y-15 passage line) in 4-7 days for dengue types 2, 4, 5, and 6, and in 9-13 days for types 1 and 3. About 99% of dengue 2 was adsorbed onto primate kidney cultures in 15 minutes, but adsorption of virus in PS-Y-15 cultures was poor even after 120 minutes. When comparing multiplication rates of the dengue viruses in infant mice and two passage cell cultures, synthesis of new virus proceeded at about the same rate in both hosts. However, higher titers were usually evident in mouse brain preparations.


In order to analyze the control factors of LED array illumination on the curved surface plate,some experiments were designed by using Taguchi method and simulated via Trace Pro software. Then,ANOVA theory was integrated to evaluate the influence of the control factors on the illumination,so that the control factors could be optimized efficiently. The experiment results show that the number of LEDs is the main influence on both illuminance uniformity( 81. 84%) and maximum illumination( 91. 58%). Furthermore,the best combination of the control factors can be obtained by adjusting the angle between the LED chips and the optical axis. This paper provides a theoretical basis to solve the illumination problem of the curved surface lighting.


The paper gives the analysis of the rules of the tax law, regulatory grounds, conditions and procedures for applying claimping procedures for reimbursement of value added tax by residents of territories of leading development and the free port of Vladivostok. The author identifies the challenges that impede the application of this preference, as well as offers the ways to solve them.


The technique of "on-column focusing" allows the injection of high sample volumes onto a conventional LC or micro-LC column for improved sensitivity without severe peak broadening effects. For early eluting compounds, the application of this technique provided better results for micro-LC studies than for LC assays. An increase in sensitivity of more than two times was obtained with injection volumes of up to 50 μL onto a capillary column. Therefore, the main drawback of reduced detectability in miniaturized systems could be overcome. For the late eluting compounds, this technique could be similarly applied to both types of chromatographic systems.


Multislice computed tomography is an imaging method of internal organs including heart and vessels with the use of X-ray. The indications for computed tomography of the heart include also congenital heart diseases and the evaluation of the great arteries. Ultrasonography is a method of choice in heart evaluation. The authors show the possibilities of modern multislice computed tomography in congenital heart diseases imaging based on their own material.


A high-density helicon discharge is known as an efficient ion pump [1]. Its mechanism can be described as follows: When part of a neutral gas is ionized, the ions are accelerated by the pre-sheath electric field with the Bohm velocity. Thus, an ion reaches the wall at a much faster speed than the thermal speed of the neutral gas. When it hits the wall, the ion recombines to become a neutral, and this neutral either gets pumped out or slowly diffuses back toward the center at the thermal speed. Because the neutrals can reach the pump faster in the presence of a plasma, the neutral pressure in the discharge chamber, which is lower than without plasma, reaches a steady state during the rf pulse. Such phenomena have been observed experimentally and reported elsewhere [1,2]. Here, we investigate the ion-pumping effect with the help of a global model [3,4] for the plasma discharge. We will first describe the equations in our global model and the method of solving them. We then apply the model to simulate the ion-pumping effect. The global model used in our analysis is a plasmadischarge model and solves the time-dependent equations of the volume-averaged zero-dimensional plasma variables. The model consists of a set of conservation equations for the particle-number density and the energy.


The Wittig reaction of 2-methoxy-5-(2-ethylhexyloxy)-p-xylylenebis(triphenylphosphonium chloride) with 2-methoxy-5-(2-ethylhexyloxy)benzene-1,4-dicarbaldehyde was carried out to obtain poly[2-methoxy-5-(2-ethylhexyloxy)-1,4-phenylenevinylene] (MEH-PPV) terminated with a phosphonium moiety at the chain end. Poly[3-hexylthiophene-co-3-(6-hydroxyhexyl)thiophene]s were prepared by regioselective coupling reaction of 2-bromo-3-hexylthiophene and 2-bromo-3-(6-(2-tetrahydropyranyloxy)hexyl)thiophene and subsequent cleavage of a tetrahydropyranyl group. Acid-catalyzed polycondensations of tetraethoxysilane (TEOS) were carried out in the presence of these polymers to give homogeneous composites with silica. The resulting composite materials were characterized by UV−vis and emission spectra.


A reliable, sensitive, and rapid coulometric titration (CT) method was developed for the purity determination of luteolin reference material candidates. The results obtained from the proposed CT method were compared with those obtained from differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and mass balance method. The performance of the CT method was comparable, and the quantitative results of the proposed methods were in good agreement with those of DSC and mass balance methods. CT has the advantages of minimal sample requirement, rapid measurement, high accuracy, good reproducibility, and no corresponding reference standard requirement. This method can be used for luteolin purity assays and related production quality control.


In a micelle solution composition comprising a hydro carbon, brine, and a surface active agent, the above stated stable micelle solution composition can be ob tained by specifying the surface active agent to be a mixture of (a) an ethylene oxide and propylene oxide block polymer, (b) an alkylbenzenesulfonate, (c) a poly oxyethylene alkyl ether sulfate or polyoxyethylene al kylphenol ether sulfate, and (d) a polyoxyethylene non ionic surface active agent other than the agent specified in (a).


Aim: To evaluate the government health expenditure and its impact on health of the population in Indian states. Methodology: This review paper was done by computing the data from the National health profile (2018, 2019), public health expenditure (national health accounts) and Health indicators (NITI AAYOG). Detailed Demand for Grants of the state governments and the National Rural/Urban Health Mission data have been adopted for the study. Exploratory data analysis and benefit incidence analysis have been administered to estimate the utilization, OOPE (Out of pocket expenditure) and degree of equity in the states. Results: An increase in the utilization of health care facilities for treatment was an important objective of any health care system. Especially, the increase in the utilization of public facilities will help to achieve health goals by reducing out-of-pocket expenditure. Chattisgarh had recorded the highest crude death Rate of 7.4% whereas Jammu and Kashmir recorded the lowest crude death rate of 5.0%. Kerala recorded the highest life expectancy at a birth rate of 74.9% whereas Assam recorded the lowest life expectancy at a birth rate of 63.9%. Conclusion: In the future, there is a need to design the schemes and implement safeguards so that health outcome risks can be minimized. These are also states, which have low health achievements and pull down the health indicators for the country. Achieving health goals in the country would require central transfers for the health sector to be exactly targeted at these states.


This thesis is concerned with verifying the correctness of human designed test cases for determining the conformance of protocol implementation with its formal specification.


Soil is recognized as one of the most valuable natural resource whose soil pH property used to describe the degree of acidity or basicity which affect nutrient availability and ultimately plant growth. Fifty soil samples were collected and their pH was determined by using digital image processing technique. Soil colour is visual perceptual property corresponding in humans to the categories i.e red, green, blue and others. Soil colours are the parts of visual perceptual property where digital values of red, green and blue (RGB) provide a clue for spectral signature capture of different pH in soil. For the capturing images, digital camera was used. Transformation of the multispectral image was carried out through TNT Mips spatial software. On the basis of RGB grey values, pixels properties and their digital correlations, results showed that there was a clear cut gap in grey values of colours in the images 1, 2, 3, 4,10,11,14 and 16. Ranges of soil pH and pH index values were 7.30-7.50 and 0.0070-0.0261, respectively in deep brown colour. Similarly, soil pH range varies from 6.80-7.04 and 5.58-6.58 in light yellowish and greenish colour respectively while their corresponding pH index values were 0.0071-0.0451 and 0.0084-0.0239. Thus soil pH range varies from 7.30-7.50, 6.80-7.04 and 5.58-6.58 in deep brown colour, light yellowish colour and greenish colour respectively.


The recipe book is different to many of the other books that you might find online as it provides recipes based on what cooking appliances the user has available to them. This may be especially helpful for people who are living in a hostel, or temporary accommodation which doesn't have a wide range of cooking facilities. The book is intended to be helpful, with straightforward and easy to make recipes that everyone can manage with the equipment they have available. It is split into four sections including a seasonal vegetable guide, kettle recipes, toastie maker recipes and microwave recipes. Every recipe has a full breakdown of the cost of the ingredients, tells the user how long it will take to make the recipe, and gives an idea of where you can buy the ingredients for the recipe. All recipes have a picture to show what the final product looks like.


With a system of two sensitive accelerometers connected to a high-resolution of oscilloscope, the paper proposed an arrangement of accelerometers to monitor the pulse waves generated by an ultrasonic transducer when performing a surface measurement on concrete. The velocities of the logitudinal wave (the P-wave) and the Rayleigh wave (the Rwave) were estimated by reading the responses of the wave in time domain. The results were in a good agreement with the estimated P-wave velocity by a direct measurement using the ultrasonic apparatus. A similar arrangement was performed on concrete cracks to predicted the depths. The results were very close to the actual depths with errors well within ±1 cm.


........................................................................................................................................... i Dedication ....................................................................................................................................... ii Acknowledgments.......................................................................................................................... iii List of Tables .................................................................................................................................. x List of Figures ................................................................................................................................ xi Chapter 1: Introduction ................................................................................................................... 1 Background, Context, and Conceptual Framework for the Problem .......................................... 3 Statement of the Problem ............................................................................................................ 8 Purpose of the Study ................................................................................................................... 9 Research Questions ..................................................................................................................... 9 Principal Research Question .................................................................................................... 9 Research Sub-Questions .......................................................................................................... 9 Rationale, Relevance, and Significance of the Study................................................................ 10 Definition of Terms ................................................................................................................... 12 Assumptions .............................................................................................................................. 13 Delimitations and Limitations ................................................................................................... 14 Summary ................................................................................................................................... 14 Chapter 2: Literature Review ........................................................................................................ 16 Introduction ............................................................................................................................... 16 The Evolution of Positive Behavior Interventions and Supports (PBIS) .................................. 19 Results of the PBIS Implementation ......................................................................................... 21


We apply the Painleve test for integrability of partial differential equations to a system of two coupled Burgers-type equations found by Foursov, which was recently shown by Sergyeyev to possess infinitely many commuting local generalized symmetries without any recursion operator. The Painleve analysis easily detects that this is a typical C-integrable system in the Calogero sense and rediscovers its linearizing transformation.


Based on the POM, a three-dimensional baroclinic assimilation model is constructed and the grid-nested technique is introduced to the model to simulate the current and temperature field in the Bohai Sea, Huanghai Sea and East China Sea. In order to improve the accuracy of the temperature simulation, the high resolution satellite remote sensing data SST from NASA are utilized and the improved nudging assimilation technique is introduced to simulate the three-dimensional temperature field in the Bohai Sea, Huanghai Sea and East China Sea. The characteristics of the circulation and temperature field in the Bohai Sea, Huanghai Sea and East China Sea can be showed by the result. The undetermined coefficient in the relaxation factor affects the computing stability and the simulation accuracy greatly. The assimilation result is optimal when it is 0.5. The computing accuracy is high in summer and autumn and is low in spring.


The apparent equilibria constants of the following reactions have been determined in aqueous KCl of ionic strength 0,1 at 20° C:

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The interaction between indapamide(IDP) and human serum albumin(BSA) has been studied by UV and fluorescence spectral methods.The results of the experiments indicated that the quenching mechanism of fluorescence of BSA by IDP was a static quenching procedure,and the equilibrium constant and the number of binding sites at 27 ℃ were K=1.29×105 L·mol-1 and n=0.56,respectively.The binding distance between IDP and BSA and the energy transfer efficiency were obtained based on the theory of F?rster spectroscopy energy transfer.The effect of IDP on the conformation of BSA was also investigated by using synchronous fluorescence spectroscopy.The enthalpy change and the entropy change were calculated to be ΔH0 and ΔS0,which indicated that hydrogen bonding and van der Waals forces played major role the in interaction between IDP and BSA.In this work,the interaction between IDP and BSA in the presence of copper(Ⅱ) was also explored.


The study intends to investigate empirically the evolution of some typical characteristics of industrial districts such as specialization and vertical disintegration in the presence of clusters. In the paper we utilized descriptive statistical analysis to show the evolution of the district's characteristics and its adapt to the changing scenarios of global competition. The analysis is performed by applying a multiple regression that tries to measure the intensity of this relation. The reference population is represented by the 156 districts identified by Istat between the local systems of work. The analysis compares the districts from 1991 to 2001. The paper have different useful elements that help to understand the change processes in the Italian district system.


Around 1995, I began to think about the impact that new technologies were having on the cinema of the past. In the first instance this past cinema was, for me, 'the movies' the assorted collection of films, the Hollywood studio system, particularly its final, post-war phase, Renoir, Rossellini and most of the Cahiers du Cinema pantheon that had created the cinephile generation of the 60s. For me 'the movies' are the films that


Over the last 40 years, the treatment of acute hepatic failure (AHF) has developed rapidly, leading to a reduction in morbidity and mortality. Part of this reduction is attributable to marked improvements in the specialist medical management of these patients, but advances in surgical techniques and pharmaceutical treatments have resulted in successful liver transplant programs being established, significantly improving mortality. However, the success of transplantation programs isdependent upon organ availability and retrieval, and many patients are either unsuitable for transplantation or die before a suitable donor is found. In order to further reduce morbidity and mortality, alternatives techniques to support the failing liver have been explored. This review examines the clinical impact of the techniques that have been used to provide extracorporeal hepatic support. Non-biological, biological and hybrid support are discussed, offering a comprehensive historical overview and an appraisal of current and...


Waist circumference (WC) is an important predictor of long-term adverse outcomes. We aimed at assessing the correlation between abdominal obesity (AO) patterns and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Data from 4467 adults aged 40–69 years and without NAFLD who participated in the Korean Genome and Epidemiology Study were analyzed. Participants were classified according to two-year WC pattern into four groups: persistent lean WC, improved AO, progressed to AO, and persistent AO. NAFLD was defined as NAFLD–liver fat score >−0.640. Multiple Cox proportional hazards regression analysis revealed that the fully adjusted hazard ratio (HR) (95% confidence intervals (CIs)) for NAFLD in persistent AO, progressed to AO, and improved AO groups compared to the persistent lean WC group was 1.33 (1.13–1.57), 1.73 (1.48–2.02), and 1.06 (0.84–1.33), respectively. Women in persistent AO or progressed to AO groups had significantly higher risk for NAFLD than those in persistent lean WC or improved AO groups. Men who had progressed to an AO event over two years had significantly higher risk for NAFLD than those without any AO event over two years. Maintaining lean WC and improving AO would be successful strategies for preventing NAFLD in women, while maintaining lean WC would be more effective in men.


A novel and simple kind of dual-band monopole MEMS membrane antenna fabricated on silicon suspended parylene membrane is presented. This parylene membrane is a flexible polymer film and it can be coated on various shapes and surfaces of materials or even peeled off from materials as thin flexible substrate. Because of its low deposition processing temperature, it is possible to be fabricated on CMOS circuits post process with MEMS technology. This folded monopole parylene membrane antenna provides two resonant paths of different lengths to achieve the desired dual-band (2.4/5.2GHz) operation for Bluetooth and WLAN application. The low cost, easy fabrication, easily stickable and peel-off flexible properties of this parylene membrane makes it very attractive and convenient in any wireless portable devices such as mobile phone, RFID tag, Bluetooth and WLAN devices, even any wearable clothes... etc.


Recommender Systems, otherwise called recommender motors, have turned into a critical research zone and are presently being connected in different fields. Furthermore, the methods behind the recommender frameworks have been enhanced over the time. As a rule, such frameworks help clients to locate their required items or administrations through dissecting and amassing other clients' exercises and conduct, for the most part in type of audits, and making the best proposals. The proposals can encourage client's basic leadership process. Recommender frameworks can profit by the high accessibility of advanced information to gather the info information of various kinds which verifiably or unequivocally help the framework to enhance its exactness. Additionally, the majority of the current research around there depends on single rating measures in which a solitary rating is utilized to interface clients to things. IndexTerms – Artificial Intelligence, Machine learning, Data mining


Several recent studies have shown that bisphosphonate drugs prevent bone loss associated with corticosteroid therapy (see JW Aug 15, 1998, p.130,


The questions, concerning the state of health of schoolchilren with a different level of impellent activity (IA) at transition from a comprehensive secondary school to the institute of higher education have not been properly studied. The research has shown that physical working capacity and a functional condition of schoolchildren correspond to ageand sex-related indicators, and depend on the level of IA.


Succinylcholine (SCh)-induced paralysis persists long enough to cause significant oxyhemoglobin desaturation before the patient resumes spontaneous ventilation; thus, doses lower than 1.0 mg/kg might be desirable to reduce the duration of action. In this prospective, randomized, controlled, double-blind study from Saudi Arabia, the authors evaluated intubating conditions after various doses of SCh were given to 200 patients undergoing elective anesthesia with fentanyl …


We constructed a model structure of Mg−adenosine triphosphate (MgATP) and the surrounding portion of myosin by using the X-ray crystal structure of the myosin motor domain bound to the stable MgATP analogue, MgADP−BeFx, and by adding hydrogen atoms and replacing beryllium with phosphorus and fluorine with oxygen. The positions of the hydrogen atoms were determined by optimization using the semiempirical molecular orbital program MOPAC 97. Analysis of the electronic states of the model structure revealed that the highest occupied molecular orbitals (HOMO) indicate that the reaction site of the ATP hydrolysis is the nonbridging γ-phosphoryl oxygen atoms and confirmed that H2O(1181) is the hydrolytic water. Thus, hypothetical mechanisms of the initial phase of the hydrolysis are proposed.


The classical account of the invariants and covariants of a pair of quadric surfaces is due to Salmon. The actual determination, in explicit form, of the complete system of concomitants of two quaternary quadratic forms is much later in date, and is due to Turnbull. This system, which includes mixed concomitants of various kinds, is complicated. As originally determined, it comprised 125 forms, three of which were later shown to be reducible. In the accounts of both these authors, however, the forms are considered as belonging to a particular pair of quadric surfaces, and the problem of determining these covariant forms which are invariant, not merely under change of coordinate system but also under change of base in the pencil denned by the two quadrics, is not alluded to. Such forms, which are of obvious geometrical interest, are called combinants. It is rather surprising to find that very little seems to be known about the combinants attaching to a pencil of quadric surfaces; the Encyklopädie scarcely mentions them, and I have been unable to trace any references in the literature except to the two invariants whose vanishing expresses the condition that the parameters of the four cones in the pencil form an equianharmonic or a harmonic set.


Logistic and probit regression models are commonly used in practice to analyze binary response data, but the maximum likelihood estimators of these models are not robust to outliers. This paper considers a robit regression model, which replaces the normal distribution in the probit regression model with a t-distribution with a known or unknown number of degrees of freedom. It is shown that (i) the maximum likelihood estimators of the robit model with a known number of degrees of freedom are robust; (ii) the robit link with about seven degrees of freedom provides an excellent approximation to the logistic link; and (iii) the robit link with a large number of degrees of freedom approximates the probit link. The maximum likelihood estimates can be obtained using efficient EM-type algorithms. EM-type algorithms also provide information that can be used to identify outliers, to which the maximum likelihood estimates of the logistic and probit regression coefficient would be sensitive. The EM algorithms for robit regression are easily modified to obtain efficient Data Augmentation (DA) algorithms for Bayesian inference with the robit regression model. The DA algorithms for robit regression model are much simpler to implement than the existing Gibbs sampler for the logistic regression model. A numerical example illustrates the methodology.


Abstract THE nutritive properties of egg oil suggest possible commercial uses for this substance. In a previous paper the author (Reder, 1938) reported the preparation of an egg oil product with a vitamin D potency equal to that of a standard cod liver oil (95 I.U. per gram). Aside from its value as a vitamin carrier, egg oil may prove to be an important source of fat in animal and human nutrition. Marked variations in the rate of absorption of fat from different sources have been reported by a few investigators. Steenbock, Irwin, and Weber (1936) studied this problem and found that butter oil, halibut liver oil, and cod liver oil were absorbed more rapidly than were lard, corn oil, and partially hydrogenated vegetable oils. In further absorption studies of other fats they found a difference of 53 percent between the percentages of oleo stock and raw linseed oil absorbed in . . .


The Kalman Filter is an algorithm developed on the basis of the linear minimum variance estimation. While collecting data, this algorithm can make the calculation. This recursive calculation can be completed online by high-performance microprocessors. Therefore, the EKF (Extended Kalman Filter, EKF) can estimate the system state online so as to realize real-time control system.


The present invention relates to a dual axis solar tracking apparatus (300), system and method thereof for use in electrical power generation. The dual-axis solar tracking apparatus (300) comprises a frame structure and a base connected to the frame structure. Preferably, the dual-axis solar tracking apparatus (300) further comprises a plate (301), assembly member (304), auxiliary member, and caster (204). The method of tracking paths of the sun using a dual-axis solar tracking apparatus (300) is preferably based on local time and/or date. The present invention is capable to provide rotations at least by one degree with respect to a first and second axis.


Extremophiles use a range of pigments for protection against low-wavelength radiation in exposed terrestrial habitats and photoaccessory materials are synthesized for the effective harnessing of photosynthetically active radiation. Raman spectroscopy has been demonstrated to be a useful probe for information on the survival strategies employed by extremophilic bacteria through the identification of key biomolecular signatures of the suite of protective chemicals synthesized by the organisms in stressed environments. Raman spectroscopic analyses of Bacillus spp. spores, Bacillus atrophaeus (DSM 675: deep red) and Bacillus subtilis (DSM 5611: light grey and DSM 7264: dark grey), Deinococcus radiodurans (pink) and Natronomonas pharaonis (red), of visually different pigmentation showed the presence of different carotenoids and other protectant biomolecules, which assist microorganisms against UVA radiation. The implications for the survival of extremophilic microbes in extraterrestrial habitats and for the detection of the protectant biomolecules by remote, robotic Raman spectroscopic instrumentation in an astrobiological search for life context are discussed.


A series of twenty-two shear-deficient lightweight reinforced concrete (LWRC) beams were casted and tested under four-point flexural loading to investigate the structural behaviour of shear-deficient LWRC beams retrofitted with adhesively bonded carbon fibre reinforced polymers (CFRP) sheets. The variables investigated in the study include as follows: shear-span to effective-depth ratio and different retrofitting schemes. The overall response of the LWRC beams, the onset of cracking, crack development and ductility were investigated. The experimental results indicated that the contribution of the CFRP to restore the shear capacity of the shear-deficient LWRC beams was significant. The ultimate shear strength of the retrofitted LWRC beams increased significantly (23–96%) depending on the technique used. The use of the CFRP transformed the mode of failure of some LWRC beams into a more ductile flexural one. The most effective technique for enhancing the shear capacity of the LWRC beams was the CFRP jacketing, followed by the U-strips, inclined strips, and side strips, respectively. The dominant failure mode for the retrofitted LWRC beams was the CFRP debonding from the beams surface by shearing of the concrete skin. An analytical model was developed and showed good correlation with the test results of this investigation.


In this work we're given the results obtained after a year of improvement and application of a new model called Model of organizational change for the creation of small and medium-sized companies in non-traditional products, into a Totonaca a community in Veracruz, Mexico. Thisproposal has been designed to answer the under treatment of technical literature about rural family business, satisfying the lack of General models, which doesn't respond to identified needs in farming communities with similar characteristics, generating companies to promote change in the Mexican food industry, able to meet the requirements of the current socio-economic context. The project has a strong element of innovation, which should gradually relates knowledge of farmers and that combined with them, generate knowledge management, which will become in organizational knowledge of the new company. In the selected region is intended to replicate the good results obtained in the implementation of the model in the region of Coatepec Veracruz, where 13 peasant families dedicated to beekeeping formed an innovative company that is involved in local, national and international markets.


AIM:To compare the primary culture methods of human pulp cells,to enhance the culture condition,and give rise of the success rate of cultivation.METHOD: Human pulp cells were primary cultured with tissue block method,enzymolytic method,and tissue block enzymolytic method separately.RESULTS: The decollation and coherence of the tissue block and the cell growth rate of the tissue block enzymolytic group are better than that of the tissue block group and enzymolyfic group.CONCLUSSION: The tissue block enzymolytic method can elevate the success rate of primary cultivation of human pulp cells.


The observation of photosensitivity in Ge‐doped core optical fibers is reported. The photosensitivity is manifested by light‐induced refractive‐index changes in the core of the waveguide. Narrowband reflectors in a guide structure have been fabricated using this photosensitivity and the resulting DFB reflectors employed as laser mirrors in a cw gas laser in the visible.


The utility model discloses a separated type intelligent lightening protection system for a wireless communication base station. The separated type intelligent lightening protection system for the wireless communication base station comprises a communication base station, wherein the communication base station is provided with a base station switch power source connected with an external power source, transmission equipment and receiving-transmitting equipment; the receiving-transmitting equipment is connected with a transmitting-receiving device through a feeder, and is connected with the transmission equipment; the transmission equipment is connected with a station through an optical fiber; an isolated type lightning protection box of an ALFB three-phase alternating-current power source is arranged at the input end of the base station switch power source; a lightning current high-pressure counterattack isolated type protection box is mounted at the grounding ends of the base station switch power source, the transmission equipment and the receiving-transmitting equipment; and the isolated type lightning protection box of the ALFB three-phase alternating-current power source further comprises a lightning current frequency impedance control unit, a lightning protection unit and a lightning current monitoring and alarming unit. The separated type intelligent lightening protection system for the wireless communication base station provided by the utility model not only can be used for protecting lighting current from entering from a power supply input end to relative equipment of the communication base station, but also can be used for preventing ground potential from counterattacking the equipment inside the high-pressure counterattack base station and widening lightning grounding resistance of the base station to 100ohms, so that large-grounding-resistance grounding can be realized.


was interrupted by recall to military* service. The work was planned for a five-year period with a follow-up of positive cases. For 3 years from 1938 to 1940, medical students of the King Edward Medical College, Lahore, India, were subjected to yearly examination by the intradermal injections of international standard tuberculin solutions of 1/1,000 strength, which had been freshly prepared. The technique used was the standard


of 2,130 millions; i.e., 75 per cent was covered in gold. During the War this relation sank as inflation increased. At the time of the break-down of Austria-Hungary, November, 1918, the circulation of bank notes amounted to 35.6 billion kronen, the outstanding debts, Giroguthaben, to 7.1 billion; that is, the current liabilities amounted, altogether, to 42.7 billion kronen, covered by the metal reserve only to the extent of eight-tenths of one per cent. Simultaneously, the value of the Austrian krone in the foreign markets rapidly depreciated. New York bills in Vienna which, at the end of August, 1914, noted 5.12 kronen, rose at the end of 1915 to 7.85 kronen, the price of the dollar in Vienna; at the end of 1916, to 9.56; after the break-down at the end of November, 1918, to 15.82; at the end of June, 1919, to 30.25; in October, 1919, to 103; in December, 1919, to 155; in February, 1920, to 250; in June, 1920, to 148; in October, 1920, to 405; in December, 1920, to 659; in April, 1921, to 666 and, on July 23, 1921, to 846 kronen. The dreadful depreciation of the currency illustrated by these figures, set in with the break-down of the mone-


A sentence of the usual language of set theory is said to be stratified if it is obtained by ''erasing'' type indices in a sentence of the language of Russell's Simple Theory of Types. In this paper we give an alternative presentation of a proof the ambiguity theorem stating that any provable stratified sentence has a stratified proof. To this end, we introduce a new set of ambiguity axioms, inspired by Fraisse's characterization of elementary equivalence; these axioms can be naturally used to give different proofs of the ambiguity theorem (semantic or syntactic, classical or intuitionistic).


in the past decade more effort appears to have been expended in pointing out the shortcomings of reading methods courses than in suggesting positive approaches to their improvement. However, Guszak's (1969) recent report amounts to a step in the right di rection. He described the strong points of a successful summer session reading methods course and made two recommendations for further improvement. First, reading methods classes ought to be taken into the schools to provide students with realistic experi ences in the school environment. Second, in order to insure adequate supervision and control of the students' experience, such programs ought to be a joint enterprise of the training institution and the school. The recommendations make sense. Implicitly, placement in an actual school setting should do much to close the traditional credibility gap in methods courses. Furthermore, there is evidence that teachers in the field value their pre-service training in read ing, particularly the training given during their student teaching experience, more highly than their in-service training (Smith, Otto, and Harty, in press). This suggests that realistic pre-service training can pay dividends. Pragmatically, the schools can benefit as much from a cooperative arrangement as can the training in stitution by gaining access to new resources. Braam and Oliver (1970) have described a cooperative ar rangement for an undergraduate elementary level reading course that they feel ". . . has contributed to a bridging of the gap between ivory tower and classroom." This article describes some relationships worked out between the University of Wisconsin and the Madison, Wisconsin, Public Schools primarily for the training of reading specialists at the graduate level.


Membrane is a selective and semipermeable layer that lies between two phases, namely feed phase and permeate phase. Membrane synthesis using silica with phase inversion method. The purpose of this research were to make membranes of polysulfone for waste Rhodamin B with 0; 0,15; 0,30; dan 0,45 gram by weight PEG and operating pressure of 1, 3, and 5 bars. This research produced porous membrane. The characterization membranes analysis were SEM analysis, flux and rejection. Based on Flux and rejection results showed that membrane with 0,30 gram composition of PEG was the most effective performance with the flux operating pressure 1, 3, and 5 bar was 18,13 L/m2.h, 31,20 L/m2.h, 41,36 L/m2.h and rejection elimination of Rhodamin B was 81,15%, 59,62% and 34,08%. Based on characterization of membrane permeability, selectivity, and porous statistic showed that membrane silica were proven as membrane ultrafiltration.
Keywords: phase inversion, membrane, waste Rhodamin B, ultrafiltration


Since several decades, the oil palm has been able to transform tropical landscapes and livelihoods. The oil palm is an outstanding oil crop producing very high oil yields and showing an amazing agronomic plasticity: these are valuable assets in a context of food safety and ecological intensification. The palm oil production now constitutes a global commodity chain which is at the focus point of North/South challenges such as certification, traceability or environmental and sanitary impacts. Palm oil is playing an increasing part in the production of edible oils; such an expansion must now comply with sustainability criteria backed by robust and shared scientific results. The sustainable development of oil palm cultivation thus generates many questions to research, not only in the traditional domains of plant science, but also in the fields of socio-economy and social and human sciences.


This invention relates to a TV set and its remote controller, especially to a TV set capable of remote-controlling the turn-on of the TV and a remote controller composed of a TV set and a remote controller, the remote-control receive circuit in it includes a switch controlling its turn-on characterizing in including a circuit receiving series of codes emitted by the remote controller and a circuit further confirming the codes only after the confirming code circuit approves the series of codes, can the TV set display pictures and select channels.


It has been 13 years since the last objective analysis of full-length introductory psychology textbooks was published and 15 years since the textbook copyright period used in that study, 1995–1997. Given the importance of informed textbook evaluation and selection to the introductory course but the difficulty of this task because of the large number of texts available, it is important to provide teachers with as much information about introductory texts as possible. Thus, to aid teachers in this arduous task, we objectively analyzed the most current editions of the 13 full-length introductory texts published since 1997. Our analyses also allowed us to objectively compare introductory texts from the 1990s with those from the 2000s.


We report on a patient suffering from striate palmoplantar keratoderma (Wachters' type). Ultrastructural findings are presented for the first time. There was orthohyperkeratosus without alterations indicating a specific disturbance of keratinisation.


The output of the success of the education process needs to be traced by tertiary institutions to find out how many graduates are relevant to the work with the field of knowledge they master is through tracer study. The implementation of the Tracer Study on the STMIK MIC Cikarang campus is still done manually, resulting in the campus difficulty reaching more alumni in filling out the questionnaire. Plus, the campus had to go the extra mile in recapitulating the results of the questionnaire. In this study, the FAST (Framework for Application System Technologies) method is used with the aim of designing a Tracer Study information system that can facilitate the management of alumni data and the results of the Tracer Study. By using this method, a system that can manage alumni data can be designed, and can present alumni data reports. And can provide email notifications given to alumni to update their personal data, so that data is up to date. This system can also recap the results of the tracer study questionnaire conducted by alumni, which can then present the report in graphical form


N-Heterocyclic carbene (NHC) complexes have been shown to be extremely versatile and stable catalysts for reactions as diverse as olefin metathesis, transfer hydrogenation, and C-C coupling reactions. NHCs are attractive ligACHTUNGTRENNUNGands due to their strong s-donating ability, poor back bondACHTUNGTRENNUNGing,[2a–h] and relative air, moisture, and thermal stability of their complexes. Electronic and steric optimization of the properties of NHC-metal complexes is possible through NHC ligand design. Further improvement of catalyst performance through NHC functionalization has been studied using a variety of pendant groups, including heterocycle, phosphine, amine, and imine donor functions. In many cases the added ligand creates a stable chelate or pincer, whereas in other cases a hemilabile system and its temporary ligand loss (as in 2) favor catalysis. In contrast, this paper introduces a fundamentally different approach, where a substituent on an NHC ligand will act as a hydrogen bond acceptor (3) or base (4), which could facilitate catalysis (Scheme 1). Some recent studies on NHC metal complexes have raised the possibility of pendant nitrogen involvement, though as far as we are aware, no direct evidence was presented in these studies. In particular, for 5 a, decoordination of the pyrimidine (cf. 1!2) would make a basic nitrogen available near the metal active site (cf. 2!3 or 4). However, the NMR spectrum of 5 a was reported to remain sharp even at 110 8C, suggesting that decoordination and rotation about the pyrimidine NHC bond is a process with a high activation barrier. Therefore, in order to fully realize the potential of NHC ligands with pendant heterocyclic bases their ability to chelate with a metal must be decreased (Scheme 1), and we hypothesized that this could be achieved by introducing a large substituent R. Here we report successful strategies toward achieving this aim, which should be of general application to NHC chemistry.


Objective To investigate whether the Vector devices have the comparable efficacy with conventional instrumentation in maintenance patients and the Vector device is less painful than conventional system.Methods Twenty six maintenance patients with moderate periodontal disease took part in this prospective,randomized controlled clinical study.Each patient had to have at least two sites with probing depths of ≥4mm in each quadrant.Each quadrant was randomizedly treated with hand instruments,Satelec scaler,Vector+ abrasive fluid,Vector+ polish fluid.The observation period was 3 months.Plaque index,probing pocket depth,clinical attachment loss,and bleeding index were assessed at enrolled sites.Patients were asked to report perceived pain during instrumentation with a visual analog scale immediately after treatment.Results Probing pocket depth,clinical attachment level,and bleeding index improved in 4 instrumentation groups from baseline to month 3;however,there was no difference between the 4 instrumentation modalities.The patients perceived less pain with Vector system during therapy.Conclusion In maintenance therapy,clinical efficacy of the Vector device is comparable with that of conventional instrumentation,and patient feel less pain during Vector therapy.


Segmentation algorithms play an important role in image processing and analysis. The identification of objects and process monitoring strongly depends on the accuracy of the segmentation algorithms. Waste water treatment plants are used to treat wastewater from municipal and industrial plants. Activated sludge process is used in wastewater treatment plants to biodegrade the organic constituents present in waste water. This biodegradation is done with the help of microorganisms and bacteria. There are two important types of microscopic organisms present in the activated sludge plants, named as flocs as filaments, which are visible under microscope. In this paper we study the microscopic images of wastewater using phase contrast microscopy. The images are acquired from wastewater sample using a microscope. The samples of wastewater are collected from domestic wastewater treatment plant aeration tank. Our main aim is to segment threadlike organisms knows as filaments. Several segmentation algorithms (such as edge based algorithm, k-means algorithm, texture based algorithm, and watershed algorithm) will be explored and their performance will be compared using gold approximations of the images. The performance of the algorithms are evaluated using different performance metrics, such as Rand Index, specificity, variation of information, and accuracy. We have found that edge based segmentation works well for phase contrast microscopic images of activated sludge wastewater.


PURPOSE: A multi-tone photomask and a method for preparing the same are provided to improve line width accuracy of multi-tone photomask and yield. CONSTITUTION: A multi-tone photomask(100) contains predetermined transfer pattern having shield part(121), transparent part(123), and semi-transparent part(122). The shield part has donductive etching balance(111), semi-transparent film(112), and shield film(113) which are laminated on a transparent substrate. The semi-transparent has the etching balance film and semi-transparent film laminated on the transparent substrate. The conductivity of the etching balance film is under 10 ohm.


The purpose of this study is to examine the impacts of neighborhood sports activity facilities on the exercise time and subjective health level using the National Sport Participation Survey data(2013-2015) in Seoul, Korea. We conducted path analysis including exercise time, subjective health level and various environmental factors. From the survey data, we extracted individual's characteristics including subjective health and exercise time. In addition, we calculated physical environment variables of neighborhood units. The results of this study are as follow. First, most of moderating variables such as gender, age, income and job showed expected relationships with exercise time or subjective health level. Second, the perceived level regarding neighborhood sports facilities such as public sports facilities had a strong positive association with exercise time and subjective health level. Third, the area of public sports facility, neighborhood park and the number of schools had positive effects on the exercise time and subjective health level. Lastly, land use mix and the number of intersections showed a positive effects on exercise time. To sum up, the results indicated that public sports facility, neighborhood park and perceived environment on neighborhood sports facility are critical factors of residents' exercise time and subjective health level. 키 워 드 ▪ 근린환경, 체육활동시설, 운동시간, 주관적 건강


Through implementation of new technological innovations from the area of the motor vehicles, the agriculture tractor became high sophisticated vehicle-machine. Tractor engines are equipped with the common-rail fuel injection system, four valves per cylinder and variable geometry turbocharger, and fulfil rigorous ecological standards regarding the air pollution. Continuously variable transmission enables selection of the optimal transmission speed according to working conditions. Besides very accurate adjustment of three point-hitch drawbar, electro-hydraulic control system enables more additional functions. Significant improvement was obtained at ergonomics of operator' s working place conditions. Computer control systems are going to take over more and more functions, not only in operating, but also in tractor diagnostics. The utilization of recycling materials, bio-fuel and biodegradable lubricants represent high level of ecological manufacturing as well as tractor operating level.


Jumbo Cornish Cross Meat Birds are easy to grow and taste delicious later on. Here are 4 easy steps to humanely harvest meat birds. Check it out


Phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitors represent the standard treatment of erectile dysfunction after nerve-sparing prostatectomy. Avanafil is a second-generation phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitor with a high selectivity for phosphodiesterase type 5 isoform. To date, there are no studies comparing the outcomes of avanafil versus sildenafil in this scenario. In this study, we evaluated the efficacy and safety of avanafil versus sildenafil as a drug for post-prostatectomy rehabilitation. Overall, 160 patients submitted to robot-assisted nerve-sparing prostatectomy for localized prostate cancer at three hospitals were enrolled for the present study. After 6 months of treatment, patients in the two groups showed no significantly different sexual function scores, except for the Erection Hardness Score and Sexual Encounter Profile-Q2 that were higher in the Sildenafil group. Adverse events in the Avanafil group occurred in four (5%) patients and in 16 (20%) patients in the Sildenafil group. According to our experience, in patients undergoing nerve-sparing prostatectomy, penile rehabilitation with avanafil compared to sildenafil showed a lower ability to produce a valid erection in the initial phase of sexual intercourse, a difference that disappears in the continuation of the same. Avanafil showed a greater tolerance profile with a lower rate of AEs and discontinuation of therapy due to AEs.


Objective:To evaluate the diagnostic value of high-frequency Doppler ultrasonography for displaying synovial and vascular proliferation in rheumatoid wrist.Methods:Greyscale imaging and blood flow of the synovial membrane were studied by high-frequency grey scale,color Doppler flow imaging,color Doppler energy and pulsed wave Doppler in 38 patients(76 knee joints) with rheumatoid arthritis(RA).Results:①The thickness of the synovial membrane was increased in 71 joints(96.05%,0.72~1.12 mm),the synovial membrane was furrowed and fuzzy.Synovial villi were manifested in some cases.② Low velocity mode CDFI and CDE revealed blood flow in 6 knee(8.21%) in proportion to the thickness of synovial membrane.CDE increased the positive rate of blood flow display and showed much more vascular branch than CDFI did.③Blood stream was I grade detected by pulsed wave Doppler.So blood velocity was notrecorded.Conclusions:High-frequency ultrasonography is a noninvasive and sensitive method to reveal fundamental pathological alteration of synovial membrane in rheumatoid knee.The synovial and vascular proliferation could be manifested accurately by high-frequency grey scale and Doppler ultrasound.


The present status of high school Spanish is both encouraging and disheartening. From my perspective as a former secondary school administrator and teacher and current college professor, I am basing my analysis on professional readings, formal and informal discussion with secondary school and college Spanish teachers, observations at state-sponsored secondary school meetings in numerous states, supervision of participants in a midsouth secondary school intensive Spanish program at the University of Mississippi in the summer of 1986, and a survey of 10 private and 16 public secondary school Spanish teachers who were 1987 Advanced Placement examination readers.


A class of nonlinear Fokker–Planck equations with nonlocal interactions may include many important cases, such as porous medium equations with external potentials and aggregation–diffusion models. The trajectory equation of the Fokker–Plank equation can be derived based on an energetic variational approach. A structure‐preserving numerical scheme that is mass conservative, energy stable, uniquely solvable, and positivity preserving at a theoretical level has also been designed in the previous work. Moreover, the numerical scheme is shown to satisfy the discrete energetic dissipation law and preserve steady states and has been observed to be second order accurate in space and first‐order accurate time in various numerical experiments. In this work, we give the rigorous convergence analysis for the highly nonlinear numerical scheme. A careful higher order asymptotic expansion is needed to handle the highly nonlinear nature of the trajectory equation. In addition, two step error estimates (a rough estimate and a refined estimate) are necessary in the convergence proof. Different from a standard error estimate, the rough estimate is performed to control the nonlinear term. A few numerical results are also presented to verify the optimal convergence order and the preservation of equilibria.


According to Carroll(2000),CSR(corporate social responsibility) orientation of managers can be viewed as an indicator of the corporate social performance,for it is affected by their values and personal characters.Given that there are few empirical researches on CSR orientation in China,the paper empirically analyzes the effect of such personal characteristics as the gender and the moral standard on CST orientation with 313 samples involving state-owned enterprise employees and undergraduates.It has been found out that there is no significant gender difference in CSR orientation with the exception that the female shows pretty more concerns to the philanthropic responsibility than the male.However more significance is revealed in the effect of individual moral standard.Those with higher moral standard prefer to attach importance on the legal responsibility rather than the philanthropic responsibility.The paper gives a reasonable explanation about the findings from the perspectives of culture,education and personal background.


Surfaces that undergo random impact of fragments of debris obeying a hierarchy of decreasing sizes are investigated by numerical simulation and analytic solution. The previously introduced hierarchical model for random deposition of debris is extended to allow for periodically varying deposition probabilities P for hills, Q for holes, and spatial rescaling factors λ. The logarithmic fractal roughness of the surface is found to be robust with respect to these time-dependent perturbations and the model can be solved exactly. The fractal amplitudes, which replace the usual notion of fractal dimension, are periodic functions of the deposition time. Asymptotically, for long times, the amplitudes approach a limit cycle, which can be interpreted as the result of an interaction between the bare amplitudes associated with separate processes with constant deposition parameters. We distinguish amplitude repulsion, attraction, neutrality, coincidence and auto-repulsion. We also solve analytically the transient regime...


In mammals, the mutation of nipped-B-like protein (nipbl) leads to Cornelia de Lange Syndrome (CdLS), characterized by low birth weight, short stature, and structural abnormalities of the skeleton, heart, and gut. In Chinese tongue sole (Cynoglossus semilaevis), a typical marine fish exhibiting sexual size dimorphism, the nipbl homolog gene (nipped-B-like protein A (nipbla)) was also screened with female higher expression level by somatotropic and reproductive tissues' transcriptomic analysis. In this study, two nipbla genes, namely, nipbla-w and nipbla-z, were identified from the W and Z chromosomes of C. semilaevis, respectively. Similar to other mammalian and fish species nipbl, the two homolog proteins of C. semilaevis contained two conserved domains, namely, cohesion_HEAT and Nipped-B_C. The phylogenetic tree analysis showed that these two nipbla gametolog proteins were first clustered together and then grouped with other fish species. At least two types of alternative splicing sites were observed in exon 12 of the nipbla-z gene, which produced nipbla-z-tv1 and nipbla-z-tv2. Also, the sex-biased expression patterns of different nipbla-w and nipbla-z transcripts in female and male tissues were revealed by quantitative PCR (qPCR). The highest expression level of nipbla-w was observed in female gonad. While nipbla-z-tv1 exhibited relatively high expression in the muscle, liver, gonad, and brain, nipbla-z-tv2 only showed its expression superiority in the muscle of male individuals. The promoter regions of nipbla genes were amplified, and their transcription activity was successfully verified by a dual-luciferase reporter system. After nipbla-w and nipbla-z knockdown in the brain cell lines by RNA interference, a series of growth-related genes were influenced, including Bone Morphogenetic Protein 4 (bmp4), Wnt Family Member 11 (wnt11), and Sprouty Related EVH1 Domain Containing 2 (spred2). The prediction of transcription factors suggested that c-Jun, sex-determining region Y (SRY), POU Class 1 Homeobox 1 (POU1F1a), myogenic differentiation antigen (MyoD), signal transducer and activator of transcription 5a (STAT5A), and nuclear factor I C (Nfic) might be the putative upstream regulatory factors for nipbla; among them, c-Jun has been verified to effectively regulate the transcriptional activity of nipbla. The identification of two nipbla genes provided important data for interpreting the sexual size dimorphism in C. semilaevis.


Triethoxysilylpropylamine-capped waterborne polyurethane/titania hybrid films were prepared by in situ method via sol-gel process of titanium n-butoxide under acidic condition. In the paper, we studied the effect of the contents of titania sol on the microstructure, mechanical property, water resistance, and optical property of the hybrid films. It was found, with introducing the content of titania, some physical properties such as tensile strength, modulus, water resistance, refractive index, heat resistance, and ultraviolet absorbance will increase. SEM and SAXS study suggested that the hybrid films had good planarization.


ABSTRACT This article contributes to understanding the relatively early residential independence of young Northern Europeans, by comparison to their Southern European peers. It explores the norms and underlying meanings that influence the departure from the parental home and the feelings attached to it. Analysing qualitative, biographically oriented interviews with Italian and German university students and their parents (43 participants), two patterns are identified. The first is an 'independence' pattern, which prioritizes the importance of leaving home in order to grow up. The second is an 'interdependence' pattern which supports the togetherness of the family and sees the family home as the best environment for young adults –i.e., they leave home only for 'inevitable' reasons related to work, education, or family formation. Both patterns are handed down over generations and are transmitted in the socialization process.


inside one of these polyhedra, or cells, is spherically symmetrical. This follows because each cell contains just enough negative charge to counterbalance its positive nuclear charge. If the cells were spherical, the potential at any point in one cell arising from the charge in another cell would be exactly zero. Since the shape of the cells is practically spherical and the distribution of the cells around any particular cell is highly symmetrical, the potential in any cell due to the charges in other cells is quite small and with good approximation has spherical symmetry. The potential inside a cell therefore arises mainly from the charge in the cell itself. On the average the charge distribution around a nucleus has spherical symmetry. Therefore it is a good approximation to assume that the potential field inside a cell is practically central. The solution of the central field problem in quantum mechanics is well known. The wave equation separates immediately the solutions havingthe formf(r),mP(8,$). These solutions will not, however, satisfy the boundary conditions of the problem and it is therefore necessary to take a linear combination of them with arbitrary coefficients. The boundary conditions are that the solutions and their gradients join on smoothly at the boundaries of a cell to the solutions in the next cell. A nonvanishing solution of the wave equation which satisfies the boundary conditions is obtained in the usual way only by allowing certain values to the energy and momenta. The results obtained from these calculations have been elegantly summarized by Slater and we refer the reader to his article for a detailed discussion of the method and the validity of the approximations introduced at the various points.


We prove that every semilattice (L, A) admits an embedding Q into the set R(X) of all partial orders on some set Xsuch that for all a, b E L, Q(a A b) Q(a) n Q(b) and if a V b exists then also Q(a V b) = Q(b) - Q(a). Denote by R( X) the set of all partial orders on X. The set R( X) is closed under the operation of intersection of binary relations. Therefore we can consider R( X) as a semilattice (R(X), n), which we call the semilattice of partial orders on X. The relation product S o H of two partial orders H, S C R( X) need not belong to R( X). But if it does then S o H is the least upper bound of {H, S} in R(X) under the set-theoretical inclusion. By a representation of a semilattice (L, A) we mean an embedding F: L -> R(X) for some set X such that F(a A b) -F(a) n F(b) for all a, b C L. The set X is called the domain of the representation F.


A kind of interpolator and nonlinear revise technic are inducted into the numerical control position detecting system. The hardware structure can be predigested. It′s easy to program and modify. By take advantage of the features, the cost will be saved, and the capacity price rate will be improved. On the other hand, the accuracy of the control system can be improved obviously, and the trace error can be reduced enormously. According to the result of the experiments, it′s a practical control method.


Pot experiments were conducted to investigate effects of Cd on cell membrane lipid peroxidation and content of abscisic acid in strawberry leaves.The results showed that under the stress of Cd,there was an accumulation inactive oxygen,a rise in malondialdehyde(MDA) content,an increase in cell membrane permeability and K+-leakage rate,and decline in superoxide dismutase(SOD),peroxidase(POD) and catalase(CAT) activities in strawberry leaves.The results also revealed that it was the function reduction of protective system against active oxygen that resulted in the accumulation of active oxygen and cell membrane lipid peroxidation to accelerate the cell membrane system to be destroyed.Under the stress of Cd,there was an accumulation of abscisic acid(ABA) in strawberry leaves.


The study's goal is to investigate the feasibility of developing an electronic voting system for the Gumaca National High School – Accountancy, Business, and Management (GNHS-ABM) Society via Information and Communication Technology (ICT) operations that can automate the election process and serve as an alternative venue for continuing to work in a new, normal way. The population consists of 422 ABM students, and the sample was selected using the most convenient sampling technique, which yielded 129 respondents. It utilizes quantitative approach and a descriptive research method. An online form containing a 15-item self-made questionnaire was used to collect the data. For necessary statistical treatments such as descriptive and inferential statistics, normality tests, and reliability tests, Microsoft Excel and SPSS were used. According to the findings of the study, active participation is achieved by younger strata and is dominated by lower grade and female groups. In this study, the gadget exposure reveals a key aspect with a gap to consider while the overall perception agreed to the benefit of electronic voting method. Hypothesis testing revealed that all grouping variables has a p-value greater than 0.05 showing no significant difference exist and it fails to reject null hypothesis. Following the proposed intervention, the researcher suggests that the voting process be recreated. Make digital technology more accessible to students and give ample infrastructure support for students to use in order to close the gap between gadget exposure and digital transformation maximized.


Knowledge transform is the main task of knowledge management.The purpose of this paper is to explore the process and knowledge transformation,analyse the obstacle of knowledge transform process.The author discussed the information technology that overcomes the obstacle,put forward a model of knowledge transform supported by information technology.


Ambipolar flow in a turbulent plasma is investigated by combining a WKB treatment of the waves with a turbulent collision operator resulting from either quasilinear theory or certain renormalized turbulence theories. If the wave momentum has a flow from outgoing waves, then particle diffusion is not intrinsically ambipolar, and the time variation of the electric potential profile is determined by the turbulent spectrum. However, in most cases of practical interest, as in the drift‐wave problem, this effect is small; and in steady state, equal rates of stochastic diffusion are predicted for electrons and ions.


The main objective of this study is to demonstrate and contextualize, in an initial and international way, the development of cooperativism in Italy, from the ottocentto , its passage through the two World Wars to the improvement of cooperation (and consequent cooperativism) in Italy until today, as well how to present development and its outstanding economic importance in that country. Initially, when establishing studies on the founding elements of cooperativism, especially its development in the international economic scenario, it was observed that, given the contemporary reality and structural changes in the center of social and economic relations, that of the cooperative society (as thought since its emergence), it needed to be analyzed from its origin and highlighting the root of the cooperative phenomenon is far from being just an historical narrative initiative, but above all, anchoring it in an earlier and undisputed way with the definition of the theoretical and fundamental milestones, especially on the fundamental role of cooperation itself, in the civic values it carries and in its emancipatory potential.


Choosing an Identity is an incredibly ambitious book. Chai not only proposes a new, formal model of preference and belief formation, he also


We have demonstrated a 40-Gb/s optoelectronic transceiver in a quad small form-factor pluggable (QSFP) module. Each module includes a 4xlO-Gb/s, 0.13 μm CMOS silicon-on-insulator integrated optoelectronic transceiver chip co-packaged with a single, externally modulated CW laser.


The second process is changes due to environmental factors. Such factors might be air pollution, noise, poor working conditions, food habits, etc., but also social and psychological factors such as attitudes and norms. The changes caused by environmental factors are not true age changes but only contemporaneous with increasing age. Biological age changes, according to present knowledge, are irreversible. However, it should be possible to reverse the environmental changes either by means of short term interventions among individuals and the community or by long term interventions in the society. Psychological changes during ageing and old age are caused both by biological factors and environmental factors but the effects of each factor might be difficult to assess. In the study of the psychology of ageing, it is, however, important to isolate different environmental effects on psychological functioning. This is important for the understanding of the psychological functioning in old age but it is also important in order to obtain a basis for various intervention strategies in order to prevent an unnecessary decline in the social and psychological resources in old age. pidly.


Recently proposed experimental and theoretical expressions for the molecular electronic oscillator strength in a solution (J. Chem. Phys., 83, 1546 (1985)) have been succesfully applied to the spectral data of some nonpolar and polar organic molecules (benzoquinones, ketones, nitroalkanes, β-carotene, and substituted benzenes). In an application of the theoretical expression, the transition moment of a nonpolar solute molecule in various solvents was assumed to be approximately constant, while that of a polar solute molecule was developed on the assumptions of a first-order perturbation of the wave function and a Block–Walker reaction field. The ratio of the oscillator strength in a solution to that either in a vapor or a specified solvent was computed from both experimental data and theoretically from the transition moments. The results of the two computational modes are, generally, in good agreement for the range of compounds studied.


Biofortification refers to an approach to increase micronutrient concentrations in the edible parts of plants with increased bioavailability to the human population. Conventional, agronomic and transgenic breeding methods can be used to develop these biofortified crops, offering sustainable and cost-effective strategies. Pea has long been recognized as a valuable, nutritious food for the human diet, but there is a limited amount of information about it, which prevents the full micronutrient enrichment potential of this pulse crop to be reached. Considerations must include not only micronutrient concentrations but also the amount of the nutrient that can be absorbed by the consumer, after processing and cooking. Development of biofortified pea that retains nutrients during cooking and processing is not only essential for fighting micronutrient malnutrition, but also necessary to improve agricultural productivity. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.


The design of SPMSM(surface mounted permanent magnet synchronous motor) has been performed to reduce cogging torque and torque ripples. In general, cogging torque and torque ripples are affected by the shapes of teeth width, yoke depth, magnet pole arc, etc. Particularly, the minimum design point of cogging torque and torque ripples are different so that the design of SPMSM should be done to compromise both of them for precision application. In this paper, the design of PMSM for EPS(electric power steering) system is performed to verify the validity, and the design characteristics versus teeth width, yoke depth, and magnet pole arc are investigated in order to find out the minimum point of cogging torque and torque ripples. In addition, skew of PM is applied for cogging torque reduction.


One problem with the growth of high quality c‐axis oriented YBa2Cu3O7−x films is the tendency of the film surface to become rough. We studied the film growth mechanism as a function of deposition rate using pulsed laser deposition. These films form by the classic nucleation and growth process; the thickness at which the nucleated islands coalesce increased with decreasing deposition rate. The film has pinholes prior to coalescence and nucleates outgrowths during coalescence. The outgrowths enlarge rapidly because they contain materials and crystallographic directions with growth rates faster than that of the c‐axis film. A smooth surface is obtained if the substrate temperature and deposition rate are chosen such that coalescence is just completed at the final film thickness. We observed the outgrowths nucleating at coalescence and propose that certain defects, related to the c‐axis growth habit, may be the fundamental cause of outgrowth formation. Outgrowths have not been observed in a‐axis films. Outgro...


We investigate the influence of hadron injection from evaporating primordial black holes (PBHs) in the early stage of the primordial nucleosynthesis era (t≃10−3–104 sec). The emitted quark-antiquark pairs or gluons immediately fragment into a lot of hadrons and scatter off the thermal plasma which is constituted by photons, electrons and nucleons. For the relatively low mass holes we point out that the dominant effect is the inter-conversion between ambient proton and neutron through the strong interaction induced by the emitted hadrons. Even after the freezeout time of the week interactions between neutron and proton, more neutrons are produced and the synthesized light element abundances could be drastically changed. Comparing the theoretical predictions with the observational data, we constrain the PBH's density and their lifetime. We obtain the upper bound for PBH's initial mass fraction, β≲10−20 for 108 g≲M≲1010 g, and β≲10−22 for 1010 g≲M≲3×1010 g.


Neuroendocrine (NE) differentiation has been implicated in prostate cancer progression and hormone therapy failure. It has been shown that prostate cancer cells with NE features lack proliferation activity in vitro and in vivo. The current study reports on the apoptotic status of NE phenotypes in human prostate cancer.


In response to an invitation by the organizers of the 27th international conference on atomic collisions in solids, a brief survey is presented, starting from the roots of the field in the 1950s and 1960s, of some major discoveries, longstanding problems, surprising findings and memorable controversies in topics covered by the conference. Considering the breadth of the field, the selection of topics is necessarily subjective, but with the emphasis on channeling, stopping and sputtering, three topical areas are discussed which have been active from the early 1960s until now.


ZnS nanowires and nanobelts doped with Mn and Fe were synthesized by a chemical vapor transport method. The Mn/Fe-doped and co-doped ZnS nanostructures were grown on Au-coated Si substrates. The key to this synthetic process of co-doping lies in the use of metal chloride as a metal carrier. Crystal structure and chemical compositional analyses by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) indicate that the nanowires and nanobelts are single-crystalline and uniformly doped with dopants. Strong emission bands were found from photoluminescence (PL) spectra of Mn/Fe-doped and co-doped ZnS nanowires. The magnetic property measurements from the nanostructure ensemble show that the Curie temperature is above room temperature. The synthesized Mn/Fe-doped and co-doped ZnS nanostructures can be employed in the fabrication of nanoscale magnetic and optical devices.


Provided are: an electrical wire routing structure capable of increasing the degree of freedom of routing pathways, downsizing the routing space, and increasing the efficiency of routing work; and an electrical wire with an external cladding member. An electrical wire (1) with an external cladding member is provided with an electrical wire (10) and an external cladding member (20). The electrical wire (10) is provided with: an inner conductor (11) obtained by bundling a plurality of single wires (W); an inner insulating layer (12) covering the periphery of the inner conductor (11); an outer conductor (13) comprising a plurality of single wires (W) along the outer periphery of the inner insulating layer (12); and an outer insulating layer (14) covering the periphery of the outer conductor (13). As a result, the diameter dimensions of the electrical wire (10) are formed relatively smaller, and it is possible to suppress anisotropy pertaining to the bending direction of the electrical wire (10). In addition, the electrical wire (1) with an external cladding member becomes easier to bend in any direction, the required installation space becomes smaller, and the efficiency of routing work can be increased.


The sustainable development issue since 60s of XX century is present on the international debate. One of the areas discussed in the sustainable development context is the climate change and energy and this in different ways for example taking energy from renewable energy sources, primary energy consumption or greenhouse gas emission. It goes probably from the connection between the energy sector and interference into the natural environment, the exploitation the natural sources and its high emission, what has a special meaning nowadays. that is why European Union starts to thing about special meaning of this issue, can we find this in its strategy documents. The main aim of this work is the attempt assessment the level of realization the sustainable development in climate change and energy area in Poland and comparing that to the other European countries. The sustainable development in the climate change and energy has been shown in Polish and European countries strategy. The comparative analysis Poland to the other EU countries has been done. The state documents and study literature have been used in this article. The comparative analysis were based on data form Eurostat.


This study aimed to estimate control thresholds for managing common cutworm, Spodoptera litura Faricius (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) at different larval densities and growth stages of Chinese cabbage in field conditions. The percent yield reduction (Y) of Chinese cabbage infested by different densities of S. litura (X, no. of larvae/100 plants) for three weeks were estimated by Y


Shapira, an ethicist on the law faculty of Tel Aviv University, writes on reproductive technologies in Israel as part of a Hastings Center Report series on various countries' policies on clinically assisted reproduction. The social and political situation in Israel is complicated by a mix of religious orthodoxy and cultural pluralism. Shapira reports on the clinical and legal status of AID, in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer, ovum donation, the use of surrogates, the retrieval and freezing of ova, and experimentation with early embryos. These procedures are regulated by the Ministry of Health, with advice from its Supreme Helsinki Committee for Medical Experiments on Humans where in vitro fertilization and embryo replacement are concerned. Shapira concludes that while the Health Ministry's attempts at regulation of reproductive technologies are welcome, legislation is needed despite the political and religious controversies it is sure to generate.


It is shown that, because a mixer diode is assumed passive, constraints exist which limit the possible magnitudes of the various Fourier coefficients in the expansion of the time-varying resistance or conductance chosen to represent the diode.


Structurally complex cobble seafloor protects against predators, and is generally assumed to be the only meaningful habitat for settlement and benthic recruitment of American lobsters (Homarus americanus H. Milne Edwards, 1837). Accordingly, historical surveys on featureless substrates such as mud have found few and only older juveniles. Mud, however, is far more common than cobble across the lobster's range, and may be of increasing importance in regions where the lobster population has been growing over the past few decades. As a first step to determining whether mud seafloor serves as meaningful recruitment habitat for juvenile lobsters, we deployed artificial habitats (bio-collectors) at five locations varying from 100% mud to mostly cobble, in Maces Bay, Bay of Fundy, NB, Canada, to capture young lobsters. A broad size range of lobsters, from new settlers up to adolescents, colonized bio-collectors in all locations, suggesting that lobsters settle and spend at least some of their juvenile life on mud. Differences in body condition (length-standardized mass) of lobsters sampled from the different locations suggest that some individuals must reside on mud for at least months to years, long enough to show differential growth between habitats. The greater relative abundance of adolescents in bio-collectors on mud also suggests their net movement from densely populated cobble beds into mud habitat. We propose that mud seafloor may be a more important habitat for settlement and early survival of American lobsters than is currently appreciated, especially given the current potential saturation of scarce cobble nursery habitat by growing lobster populations and, in some regions, reduced predation on mud seafloor due to overfishing of groundfish.


The creation of a model group of a vocational training program for young people with mental disorders and the attainment of the goals and objectives of the relevant longitudinal study of the effectiveness of this program required a comprehensive assessment of their independence and the formation of skills necessary for work activities. The program is carried out at the gastronomic model site of Regional Non-commercial Organization "Center for Curative Pedagogics" as part of the project of creating the "Scientific and Methodological Center". The study involved 28 adults with disabilities due to a mental disorder, included in this training program. Preliminary results show the need to use not only quantitative but also qualitative tools to evaluate the effectiveness of training and make the necessary adjustments to the training program


The length of the luteal phase and serum prolactin levels were determined in 168 infertile euthyroid women. 12 subjects were found to have a luteal phase of 12 days or less. 11 of these subjects were studied for serum prolactin levels and all were found to have significantly (p less than .01) elevated prolactin levels in comparison with normal controls. The clinical implications of a short luteal phase and elevated prolactin levels are discussed.


The application status of domestic silicon-controlled rectifier was analyzed and deficiency in its application was pointed,the view is proposed to further enhance the application level.


We consider the following two functions, (1-| x | ρ 1)+ α and (1-| x | ρ 2)+ α + which are called the generalized Bochner-Riesz multipliers, where ρ 1, ρ 2 and α are positive real numbers. We shall prove that, as the multiplier operators with respect to the two functions, their L p -boundedness and H p -boundedness are equivalent for any ρ 1, ρ 2 and α .


Recently, there has been strong demand for high-resolution CMOS image sensors (large number of pixels) in the fields of security, science, and other specialized areas [1,2]. One of the major issues in realizing high-resolution image sensors is to speed up signal readout. For high-speed signal readout, it is necessary to accelerate pixel readout, AD conversion in column circuits, horizontal data output from column memories, and digital data output from the chip. Single-slope ADCs (SS-ADC) are the most common architecture in commercialized CMOS image sensors; increasing their counting clock frequency up to 2.376GHz [3] and using multiple ramp signals [4] can shorten the AD conversion period. However, the former has difficulty in maintaining the clock quality and suppressing power dissipation due to the high clock frequency, and the latter has difficulty in controlling the uniformity and the quality of the multiple ramp signals. Another significant issue is power consumption. Rise of power consumption with increase in number of columns results in non-uniformity of power supply to the column circuits due to IR drops. It may give rise to degradation of image quality such as fixed pattern noise, etc.


There is a long history of Asian Americans either being nonexistent from or problematically portrayed within mainstream popular culture. While there has been substantial research on media representation of Asians and Asian Americans within the Hollywood machine and within the U.S., Global Asian American Popular Cultures, an edited volume by Shilpa Davé, LeiLani Nishime, and Tasha Oren, contains 22 essays by scholars who interrogate the presence of Asian American creative works and the position of Asian Americans in both the U.S. and global contexts. The various essays, for the most part, take a critical/cultural perspectival approach and bring a diasporic and transnational perspective to bear on the discussions of how individuals and communities of Asian descent negotiate their identities through art, music, and culture. Moreover, the authors consider the complex dynamics of power that are present in the act of Asian Americans making and being represented in various media and situations.


A bstract: - This paper extends the previous research regarding the Romanian electronic market as context for the launching a business opportunity in this domain. Here we will present a study on the indigenous e� commerce websites in general and their usability in particular. Nowadays, an impressive number of virtual businesses were open despite the crisis, since others closed their doors due to the same reason. Thus, before starting a new business, it is strongly recommended to make a deeper analysis of the environment and potential