Emotions play a significant part in how we experience and remember past experiences. They also represent one of the major limitations in today's human-computer interaction systems. It is thus only natural that the possibility of interpreting and analysing human emotion has been a widely research topic within the field of affective computing. This thesis is located at the intersection of artificial intelligence, humancomputer interaction and psychophysiology, bringing together emerging concepts from user research studies with methodologies from artificial intelligence and usability design; a novel take on user experience analysis and affect-driven, real-time adaption. Various studies have correlated emotions and user experience, establishing them as a crucial factor in attaining engaging experiences. Unfortunately, improving the player's experience by actively adapting the provided affective experience is still a considerably under-explored research field. This creates the need for accurate real-time emotion detection and – primarily – to systems capable of learning from each user's reactions, so that they are able to trigger the most adequate emotional states in a logical, coherent and timely manner. Implementing such a system is riddled with a series of challenging obstacles. These range from the aforementioned real-time emotional detection systems to emotional reaction annotation methods and systems capable of dynamically altering their content coherently. However, the main obstacle is that a system capable of 1) identifying its users' emotional responses, 2) creating a computational model of them, and 3) using this model to shape the affective experience, does not currently exist. In this sense, many researchers have strived to provide methods that could indirectly be used to mould the affective experience. However, most of them still rely on static, simple state adaptations and thus fall short from the grander scheme here proposed. In light of these issues, in thesis we study how human emotional responses to digital (game) events can be used to regulate the overall affective experience. The proposed methodology enables the correlation of human-computer interaction events to emotional responses, from which a computational user affective model can be extracted. This model can then be used to simulate and predict the result of future interactions, thus determining the most adequate course to achieve the desired affective experience. We analyse both the impact of simple (static) affective adaptation mechanisms in a procedural horror game and use a simulated environment to establish the models' ability to regulate the user's affective experience towards a specific emotional state or emotional pattern. In addition, this thesis includes a conceptual framework for designing adaptive affective systems. This framework presents a modular design so that it can cope with the immense particularities of affective computing systems and is formally defined so that its internal processes can be easily replicated. Many new research avenues open from here. The birth of these systems now creates vast new possibilities, ranging from artificial agents capable of emotional thought to emotionally aware therapeutic, guidance or assistance systems. From a scientific perspective, this work presents the possibility and feasibility of harnessing the power of human emotions for optimising human-machine interaction, as well as a first step towards systems capable of a contextualised and potentially evolutionary emotional interaction. In sum, the inclusion of more complex and detailed psychophysiological metrics will enable a comprehensive analysis of human behaviour, emotion, and motivation. Finally, the integration of new measurement and experience adaptation technologies in interactive entertainment applications will not only allow a detailed assessment of user's overall experience, but also improve the digital content's overall perceived quality.


The ABSTRACT is to be in fully-justified italicized text, between two horizontal lines, in one-column format, below the author and affiliation information. Use the word "Abstract" as the title, in 9-point Times, boldface type, leftaligned to the text, initially capitalized. The abstract is to be in 9-point, single-spaced type. The abstract may be up to 3 inches (7.62 cm) long. Leave one blank line after the abstract, then add the subject categories according to the ACM Classification Index (see http://www.acm.org/class/1998/).


When I first read Simon Baron-Cohen's Zero Degrees of Empathy, with my popular science hat on, I really enjoyed this brief (132 pages, excluding appendices and references!) and thought-provoking introduction to the science of empathy. It's well-written, engaging, readable, and ambitiously broad, combining historical examples with psychiatric case studies and cutting-edge neuroscience research. Baron-Cohen touches base with all the classics of psychology; Zimbardo, Damasio, Phineas Gage, Bowlby, Harlow, and Zimmerman all get a mention. Upon rereading Zero Degrees of Empathy with my cognitive neuroscientist hat on, however, I came to engage more critically with the content, albeit without losing this initial appreciation of its strengths. Baron-Cohen's aim is not trivial: He wishes to ''understand human cruelty''. He's not the first psychologist to seek better explanations for the dark side of the human condition*Stanley Milgram springs to mind. Milgram's experiments investigating obedience and authority are mentioned in Chapter 1, along with a good helping of stomach-churning examples of human cruelty, exemplifying the ways in which we're capable of objectifying or dehumanising other people. Famously, Milgram was motivated to conduct his experiments by the events of the Nazi Holocaust; for his part, Baron-Cohen recounts how ''the Nazis turned Jews into bars of soap'' and ''lampshades''. The starting position is simple enough: ''empathy [erosion] is the final common pathway to cruelty''. This provides strong explanatory power not afforded by the unscientific notion of ''evil''. The rest of the book concerns what empathy is and the routes to its erosion. The definition of empathy offered is multifaceted; it is the ability to keep in mind someone else's mind (a ''dual-focus'' of attention), which affords the ability to recognise (cognitive empathy) and respond (affective empathy) appropriately to the emotions, thoughts, and feelings of others. ''We all lie somewhere on an empathy spectrum,'' says Baron-Cohen. At one tail of the normal distribution lies ''zero degrees of empathy'', where people become capable of dehumanising others, leading to acts of cruelty. A significant portion of the book is devoted to introducing the reader to what Cognitive Neuropsychiatry, 2013 Vol. 18, No. 3, 252 256, http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13546805.2012.741789


Dear Editor, In the last couple of years, the Omicron variant has emerged as the deadliest among coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) variants, and as a result, it has granted rise to several subvariants. According to statistics provided by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), two of the most common subvariants, BQ.1 and BQ.1.1, are now suspected for the vast majority of COVID-19 occurrences that have been reported in the United States. Infectious disease specialist Dr Anthony Fauci, director of the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, has expressed skepticism regarding BQ.1 and BQ.1.1. Dr Fauci told the CBS News that the subvariants have characteristics with the potential to reduce the efficacy of our traditional therapies as well as our immunity. Besides, these two variants may cause patients to get a severe illness or even drive to death. According to Thomas Russo, professor and head of infectious disease at the University of Buffalo in New York, BQ.1 and BQ.1.1 are part of a new assault of COVID-19 variations. He describes this as the 'next wave' in the conversation. 'BQ.1, BQ1.1, and these other novel variations have all developed in separate areas; but, to some extent, they contain identical spike proteins that make them at least as infectious as the parental variants that they were generated from.' According to Dr Russo's explanation, BQ.1 and BQ.1.1 are subvariants of the Omicron account for the majority of COVID-19 cases. He refers to them as 'first cousins,' pointing out that they are pretty similar. Both BQ.1 and BQ.1.1 have rapidly disseminated. Previously, they were included together in CDC data under BA.5, but since the number of reported cases kept climbing significantly, they were moved to their section on the 'Nowcast' COVID-19 data tracker on the CDC website. Each week, statistics from the CDC reveal an increase in COVID-19 cases caused by BQ.1 and BQ.1.1 and a decrease in patients affected by BA.5. The combined monoclonal antibodies tixagevimab and cilgavimab (Evusheld) are utilized for pre-exposure prophylaxis against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARSCoV-2) infection. Since about 20 January 2023, more than 90% of the circulating SARS-CoV-2 variants in the United States, particularly the Omicron BQ.1, BQ.1.1, XBB, and XBB.1.5 sublineages, are unlikely to be vulnerable to these antibodies. Since the combined lineage was first discovered on 8 February 2023, a total of 280 077 sequences that belong to the BQ.1* [Omicron (BQ.1.X)] combined lineage have been found. Midway through July 2022 in Nigeria, the first BQ.1 and BQ.1.1 sublineages sequences were reported to GISAID (Global Initiative on Sharing Avian Influenza Data). Since then, these sequences have been documented in different countries, including Nigeria, the United Kingdom, Japan, the United States, France, Belgium, Denmark, and Italy. Both BQ.1 and BQ.1.1 have mutations that can be found within the spike (S) protein. These variants are K444T, L452R, N460K, and F486V. Moreover, the mutation R346T.6 may be found in BQ.1.1. Based on the results of earlier comprehensive mutational scanning analyses, it has been hypothesized that several of these spike proteinmutational sites are likely to result in antibody evasion. Not only do BQ.1 and BQ.1.1 share the spike (S) protein, but they also share the NSP12 protein (RNAdependent RNA polymerase) mutation Y273H (also labeled as ORF1b: Y264H), and BQ.1.1 also carries the NSP13 protein (helicase) mutation N268S. These mutations can be found in BQ.1.1 (also annotated as ORF1b: N1191S). The symptoms associated with BQ.1 and BQ.1.1 seem to be the same as those associated with other COVID-19 variations. Tiredness, fever, cough, congestion, shortness of breath, sore throat, nausea, diarrhea, and muscular pains or headaches are some of the most prevalent symptoms. Loss of smell, formerly a characteristic of COVID-19 infections, is not nearly as frequent. According to Pfizer, the revised booster, developed to target Omicron BA.4 and BA.5, also protects against the proliferation of Omicron subvariants such as BQ.1.1 and BQ1. According to a statement by Pfizer in a press release, adults aged 55 and older were found to have nine times the normal number of antibodies against BQ.1.1 one month after receiving the bivalent booster. People who received a second dose of the first vaccination exhibited a significant rise in the number of antibodies they had against BQ1.1. aDepartment of Pharmacy, Faculty of Allied Health Science, Daffodil International University, Daffodil Smart City, Ashulia, Savar, Dhaka, Bangladesh and bDivision of Pathology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India


Basing on a limited memory Kalman filter, a exact equation with control term is clerived in the paper. Determined information is used as control term. The method with fixed memory length reduces model error effectively and improves filtering accuracy. Simulation also demonstrates the validity of the method. [


I examine the long-run effects of the timing of railroad construction on city sizes. I first present a stylized model which predicts that towns that are railroad endpoints for longer become persistently larger. I then show that, in a sample of Brazilian railroad towns, time as endpoint strongly predicts town size: each additional year that a town was a railroad endpoint in the past is associated with a town population 0.107 log points larger in 2010. Additional testable implications of the model and an instrumental variable approach suggest that such association reflects a causal effect.


Introduction: Vasaka is a common shrub distributed throughout India. In Ayurveda, the ancient system of Indian medicine it is commonly known as vasa. It commonly grows in waste places. The medicinal value of the medicinal herb has been mentioned in old texts. It is household remedy for various disorders. Charaka Samhita has classified the drug under mucolytic and expectorant drugs. Classification: Mucolytic. Ayurvedic pharmacology Taste: Bitter, Astringent. Quality: Light, Unctous. Post Digestion Effect: Pungent Potency: Cold Pharmacognosy Adhatoda vasica belongs to family Acanthacrae. Leaves, flowers and bark found use in medicine. A. Habitat The plant is distributed in lower Himalayan range. B. Botanical Identification 1. Vasaka is a dense pernnial shrub. 2. Leaves are of dark green colour above and pale yellow below. Flowers are typical, white arranged in pendunculated spike. 3. Commercial samples consist of dried drug consisting of leaves mixed with other parts.


In Reply. —As Dr Ponce de Leon and colleagues note, the epidemiology of drug-resistant TB must be evaluated locally. Drug resistance is the result of improper treatment—incorrect regimens and insufficient emphasis on ensuring treatment completion by direct observation. If antituberculosis drugs are introduced without adequate treatment programs, acquired drug resistance increases. After acquired drug resistance increases, primary drug resistance will increase with the pace of the increase greatly accelerated in populations where HIV is common. Effective treatment programs decrease the incidence of drug-resistant tuberculosis. 1,2 Referral centers tend to attract patients with acquired drug resistance, and, hence, drug resistance and molecular epidemiologic investigations of patients treated at such centers, as Ponce de Leon and colleagues note, are not representative. Findings about specific DNA patterns cannot be generalized from our report. What can be learned is that, in the absence of an effective tuberculosis control program and the presence of HIV, multidrug-resistant TB


This report outlines the various elements of the bilateral relations between both the U.S. and North Korea and the U.S. and South Korea, especially nuclear nonproliferation agreements, nuclear dismantlement policies, and U.S. military troop withdrawals from South Korea.


Many academic institutions across the country are incorporating computer and Internet technology into their classrooms. Rensselaer has developed a studio classroom that incorporates student collaboration and Internet technology. The purpose of this research was to examine student reactions and learning in an undergraduate biochemistry course taught in a studio classroom. Student reactions to the course, the technology, and working in groups were positive. Students liked using the technology, felt it helped them to learn the material, and thought working in groups was beneficial for learning. Pre‐test and post‐test grades on a standardized examination indicated a significant increase in learning. In addition, positive reactions to using the technology in the course, as well as student confidence to do well in the course, were significantly related to improved course performance. © 2001 IUBMB. Published by Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.


Lucanthone, a thiaxanthenone, once widely used to treat schistosomiasis, induced 3.6 fold increases in immune globulin G (IgG) relative to immune globulin M (IgM) in CRL-1647 Burkitt's lymphoma cells [1]. This increase persisted for many generations and was accompanied by 7 fold increases in cellular activation induced cytidine deaminase (AID) [1]. AID is a key factor in Ig class switching from IgM to IgG.


ABSTRACT In this study, we investigated the structural, electronic and magnetic properties of new quaternary Heusler alloys CoX'YP (X' = Cr and Fe) using the accurate full-potential linearised augmented plane waves with local orbitals (FP-LAPW + lo) under the framework of the density functional theory (DFT) and the WIEN2k package. The generalised gradient approximation (GGA) is chosen to treat the exchange–correlation (XC) energy. The structural properties of the presented alloys are investigated in order to determine their structural parameters at equilibrium, such as: the lattice constant (a0 ), the bulk modulus (B0 ) and its first pressure derivative (B'). The structural stability of the CoCrYP and CoFeYP alloys is found in Y-type (I) structure, while their magnetic stability is reported in ferromagnetic phase. The electronic properties of the studied materials show the complete half-metallic character. The magnetic properties reveal that the total magnetic moment of the two alloys is found in integer value, obeying the Slater-Pauling rule. Furthermore, the calculated local magnetic moments of Co and X' atoms are found with opposite signs, confirming the ferrimagnetic coupling within these compounds. According to the electronic and magnetic results found in this approach, we conclude that the compounds CoCrYP and CoFeYP are full half-metallic ferromagnetic materials.


The invention discloses an inquiry method. A key character to be inquired is decomposed into one or more single characters; the occurring frequencies of the single characters are inquired respectively in an index name library, and all the index names including the single character which has the smallest occurring frequency are recorded; the index name matched with the key character to be inquired is inquired in all the index names including the single character which has the smallest occurring frequency. The invention further discloses an inquiring device and a server. By means of the scheme, the inquiring time is shortened, and the inquiring efficiency is improved.


This article reviews the application and technology advancement of gallium (Ga)-based liquid metal (LM) in high-frequency circuits and antennas. It discusses the material properties of common LMs, the fluidic channels used to contain LM and their manufacturing techniques, and the actuation techniques, which are all critical for the design and implementation of LM-based devices. LM's fluidic and pliable nature, together with its excellent electrical, thermal, and rheological (i.e., fluid flow) properties, provides some unique and innovative solutions to flexible/wearable electronics, reconfigurable circuits, and antennas. This article provides a comprehensive review of a wide range of LM-enabled high-frequency circuits and antennas, including interconnects and transitions, reconfigurable passive circuits (such as resonators, filters, and couplers), switches, phase shifters, reconfigurable antennas, flexible and wearable antennas, and metamaterials (i.e., periodic materials with properties not found in nature). This article presents various design concepts and implementation techniques, highlights key capabilities, and discusses the challenges and opportunities with the use of Ga-based LM materials.


THIS REPORT gives the results of aging tests conducted by four co-operating laboratory groups of the General Electric Company, Pittsfield, Mass.; the Westinghouse Electric Corporation, Sharon, Pa.; the Allis-Chalmers Manufacturing Company, Milwaukee, Wis.; and the Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, Ill.


Keratinocyte growth factor (KGF), alone and in synergism with progesterone (P) and prolactin (PRL), is mitogenic for normal mammary epithelium (ME) in vitro. In addition, P can upregulate ME sensitivity to KGF by slowing KGF receptor (KGFR) mRNA turnover in vitro. These hormonal interactions with KGF in vitro raise the possibility that alterations in these interactions can play a role in hormone‐dependent mammary tumor growth and progression. The effect of hormones on KGF mitogenesis and the regulation of KGFR expression was examined in pregnancy‐dependent (PDT) and ovarian‐independent (OIT) mouse mammary tumors. In serum‐free, collagen gel cell culture, dose/response (2–20 ng/ml) and time course studies showed that KGF stimulated the proliferation of PDT (not OIT) cells but synergism with P or PRL was not observed. The level of KGFR mRNA in PDT cells was not significantly different from normal ME but in OIT it was reduced more than 90%. P did not affect KGFR mRNA turnover in cultured PDT cells. However, KGFR mRNA was more stable in PDT cells compared to normal ME; after 6 days culture in basal medium, KGFR mRNA levels declined 40% vs. 85% previously shown for normal ME. Determination of KGF mRNA levels in tissues showed that it was lower in PDT compared to normal mammary gland and not detectable in OIT. These data show that in PDT both KGF‐stimulated mitogenesis and the regulation of KGFR expression are independent of hormones. OIT has progressed to independence from any KGF influence. Thus, a subset of hormonally regulated pathways related to epithelial/stromal cell interactions can be lost in hormone‐dependent mammary tumors during tumor progression. J. Cell. Physiol. 184:222–228, 2000. © 2000 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.


A particle produced in a hard collision can lose energy through bremsstrahlung. It has long been of interest to calculate the effect on bremsstrahlung if the particle is produced inside a finite-size QCD medium such as a quark-gluon plasma. For the case of very high-energy particles traveling through the background of a weakly coupled quark-gluon plasma, it is known how to reduce this problem to an equivalent problem in nonrelativistic two-dimensional quantum mechanics. Analytic solutions, however, have always resorted to further approximations. One is a harmonic oscillator approximation to the corresponding quantum mechanics problem, which is appropriate for sufficiently thick media. Another is to formally treat the particle as having only a single significant scattering from the plasma (known as the N=1 term of the opacity expansion), which is appropriate for sufficiently thin media. In a broad range of intermediate cases, these two very different approximations give surprisingly similar but slightly differing results if one works to leading logarithmic order in the particle energy, and there has been confusion about the range of validity of each approximation. In this paper, I sort out in detail the parametric range of validity of these two approximations at leading logarithmic order. For simplicity,more » I study the problem for small {alpha}{sub s} and large logarithms but {alpha}{sub s}log<<1.« less


Effects of Pharmaceutical Care among Breast-cancer Patients Undergoing Chemotherapy at Udonthani Regional Cancer Center, Thailand by Benjamart Cushnie, Suthasinee Hatsarin Clinical Pharmacy Research Unit, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mahasarakham University, Thailand Abstract Breast cancer is the most common cancer among women worldwide, including Thailand. During chemotherapy, the impact of adverse drug reactions (ADRs) and reduced quality of life are significant problems for breast-cancer patients. This experimental study investigated the effects of pharmaceutical care on the knowledge, self-care behaviors, severity of ADRs, quality of life, and satisfaction with pharmaceutical care, in a sample of female breast-cancer patients. All study participants were patients receiving at least 1 course of chemotherapy at Udonthani Regional Cancer Center, in January-March 2009. Forty-six (46) patients met the inclusion criteria for study and agreed to participate. Of these, 22 were assigned to a control group for routine care, and 24 to an intervention group for pharmaceutical care (e.g. knowledge about breast cancer, chemotherapy, and self-care). Participants were assessed by pre-test and post-test. At post-test, patients in the intervention group had significantly higher levels of knowledge, self-care behaviors, and quality of life ( P <0.001). The severity of ADRs among the intervention group was reduced, and satisfaction with pharmaceutical care increased, when compared with the control group. In conclusion, pharmaceutical care is clinically useful and can play a key role in improving clinical outcomes among breast-cancer patients. (Thai Cancer J 2011;31:93-105.)


Ginsenoside Rg3 is one of the Quadricyclic Triterpenoid Saponins that are exist in natural materia medica, it has been researched that ginsenoside Rg3 has the anti-tumor activity definitely, it also was proved that the ginsenoside Rg3 has prominent effects on Tumor-induced apoptosis, inhibit tumor proliferation, enhanced immune function, and so on. In this article, we study the correlative references of recent years, summarize the research progress of ginsenoside Rg3 in pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics, probe into the antineoplastic mechanisms and the vivo distribution. Basing on this, we prospecte the research derection of ginsenoside Rg3 in the future combine with the theory of Chinese herbal modernization.


The purpose of this study was to determine the finansial performance Koperasi Simpan Pinjam Setia Warga di Pasuruan.

Analysis toolsare usedtodetermine the performance ofthe cooperativeis touse themethod ofcroos section the Minister of Coorperatives and Small and Medium Enterprises Republic of Indonesia Number : 14/Per/M.KUKM/XII/2009. Benchmark whick determines that the cooperative performance healthy by using table on the Decree of the Minister of Coorperatibes and Small ans Medium Enterprises 2009, while the menthod of time series is if ratio of the current your better than the year before that as healthy.

Results for the menthod of analysis that compases the croos section table in the Decree of the Minister of Coorperatives and Small and Medium Enterprises, the year 2007 wan 43,9, in 2008 wan 39,70, the year 2009 was 47,20, in 2010 amounted to 42,45 and in 2011 at 42,95, despite a declinr in 2008 to score 20 ≤ x < 40 with honors unhealthy but on the average score in the last 5 years the calculatiom of credit unions loyal citizens are included in the category of less healthy.


approved: Henri J. F. Jansen Immersion energies for an impurity in a homogeneous electron gas with a uniform positive background charge density have been calculated numerically using density functional theory. The numerical aspects of this problem are very demanding and have not been properly discussed in previous work. The numerical problems are related to approximations of infinity and continuity, and they have been corrected using physics based on the Friedel sum rule and Friedel oscillations. The numerical precision is tested extensively. Immersion energies are obtained for non-spin-polarized systems, and are compared with published data. Numerical results, such as phase shifts, density of states, dielectric constants, and compressibilities, are obtained and compared with analytical theories. Immersion energies for excited systems are obtained by varying the number of electrons in the bound states of an impurity. The model is extended to spin-polarized systems and is tested in detail for a carbon impurity. The spin-coupling with an external magnetic field is considered mainly for a hydrogen impurity. These new results show very interesting behavior at low densities. c ©Copyright by Jung-Hwan Song December 7, 2004 All Rights Reserved Impurities in a Homogeneous Electron Gas


The lesser mealworm, Alphitobius diaperinus (Panzer) (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae), is a serious, cosmopolitan pest present in poultry production facilities, where it slows down weight gain in chicks, carries disease-causing organisms, and causes damage to poultry insulation. The first study estimated that the lesser mealworm densities in poultry litter applied to pastures were 3.5, 2.2 and 0.4 million larvae, adults and pupae, respectively, per hectare in Savoy, Arkansas. The repercussions of these adult beetles are that they often disperse to and reinfest poultry houses with the potential to vector disease to poultry, and disperse to invade human dwellings resulting in litigation. The second experiment noted an initial increase in beetle trap catches after heat was turned on in the poultry house in preparation for placement of chicks. There was a reduction in sampled densities of beetles shortly after chick placement. These observations will help decision making regarding lesser mealworm sampling and timing pesticide use. The third experiment consisted of two behavioral bioassays. In field experiments, significantly higher numbers of beetles were found in pitfall traps treated with the lesser mealworm aggregation pheromone lure as compared to untreated checks. The laboratory two-choice pitfall trap bioassay found a combination of the aggregation pheromone and chicken droppings (CD) to be attractive to lesser mealworm larvae and adults than either odor source alone. Results indicate the potential for combining the synthetic pheromone lure with the potential attractive CD compounds to enhance trap efficacy. The fourth objective determined respective percent mortalities and baseline doseresponses of beetles to three different classes of insect growth regulators (IGR"s) including fenoxycarb, diflubenzuron, and 20-hydroxyecdysone, through topical, residual contact and feeding bioassays. In feeding bioassays, fenoxycarb and diflubenzuron were more toxic to 1 st instars than 7 th instars or adults, whereas ecdysone was equally more toxic to 1 st instars and 7 th instars than to adults. The feeding bioassay was more suitable for the 1 st and 7 th instar stages than adults. The residual contact bioassay exhibited slightly less percent mortality of 7 th instars and adults but this bioassay most closely simulated field application of insecticides. All three bioassay methods produced usable dose-response curves for 7 th instar and adults and may be used for surveying temporal changes in the IGR susceptibility to lesser mealworm. The fifth objective determined the comparative susceptibility and cross-resistance to selected insecticides from different classes in beetles collected from two broiler farms having different insecticide application histories. No pre-existing resistance and crossresistance to imidacloprid, spinosad and chlorfenapyr were found in cyfluthrin and tetrachlorvinphos resistant M population. The sixth objective examined the baseline susceptibility of lesser mealworm to imidacloprid, metaflumizone and diflubenzuron in residual bioassays. Solutions of 0.25% imidaclorprid + 0.25% metaflumizone, and 0.25% imidaclorprid + 0.50% metaflumizone were more effective against adult beetles. Diflubenzuron was more effective against larvae as compared to adults at 5, 7 or 10 d post exposure. An integrated resistance management approach is discussed for lesser mealworm in poultry houses.


Zirconia based ceramic systems has become increasingly popular because of zirconia's favorable esthetic characteristics, mechanical properties, and biocompatibility. Achieving a durable bond to densely sintered zirconia remains a challenge. This paper aims to elucidate various methods which facilitate the bonding of a densely sintered high purity zirconium- oxide ceramic surface. A strong, durable resin bond to ceramics is established by either chemical bonding or by micromechanical interlocking. Successful long-term bonding to zirconia ceramic remains a challenge, requiring special cements and surface roughening by air-borne particle abrasion, which might negatively affect the ceramic. Surface treatments can be done with tribochemical silica coating, plasma spray with hexamethyl disiloxane, selective infiltration etching (SIE) and fusing glass pearls have been discussed; and have shown to influence the bond strength to zirconia surface.


Adhesive animal and fishery products comprising a transglutaminase, powdered milk protein and a salt of which the pH of an aqueous solution of 1% (w / w) is at least 10 and less than 13 and the solubility at 20 is of at least 20% (w / w) and less than 100% (w / w), wherein the salt is one or more selected from the group consisting of sodium carbonate, trisodium phosphate and tripotassium phosphate and the average particle size of the salt is between 20 and 150 microns and particles having a size of 250 microns or less occupy 80% (w / w) or more.


The investigations were carried out in two study areas located in the Northern-, and Southern Alps (Hollental, Northern Calcareous Alps/Germany, Val di Funes, Northern Dolomites/Italy). During this DFG (German Science Foundation) founded project rockfaces and the talus cones were scanned twice a year with two scanning resolutions. Larger events were monitored by scanning large areas of the rockfaces and the corresponding talus cones from a great distance (∼500 m). In contrast, detailed scans from shorter distances (<250m) were used to investigate the capability of the approach to detect smaller events. With this approach, it was possible to quantify rockfall in the single catchments regarding e.g. the lithologic conditions and to determine the differences in rockfall activity between these two catchments.


FIELD: packing; aerosol containers. SUBSTANCE: partition for aerosol container 22 has unitary flexible expandable member 11 with outer segment 12 terminating in sealing flange 16. Inner segment 14 is connected with outer segment 12 by bending. Central piston space 20 is arranged at end of inner segment 14 farthest from bend. Partition 10 is made sufficiently thick and rigid for self-stability before fitting into aerosol container 22. Outer segment 12 and inner segment 14 taper outwards to provide gradual mating with inner side surface 23 of container when dispensing the product. Outer segment 12 can be made thicker and more rigid than inner segment 14. Partitions can be fitted in other similar partitions. EFFECT: simplified design, ease of manufacture, prevention of product leaks in shipment. 21 cl, 10 dwg


The objective of this study was to develop a palatable precooked lamb leg roast. Lamb legs (n = 60) were fabricated into 240 roasts. Roasts were assigned to one of four spice treatments: control (CON), Italian, Mexican, prime rib. After being injected with a 15 percent brine mixture, roasts were smoked to an internal temperature of 63°C, vacuum packaged, and frozen at -10°C. Roasts were thawed and reheated one of three ways (conventional oven, microwave oven, or boiling) and served to a trained sensory panel to determine differences in reheating method. No differences (P > 0.05) were found between reheating methods. The trained panel rated the prime rib spice the juiciest, the most tender, the most flavorful, and the best in overall acceptability. The control treatment (CON) was rated higher (P < 0.05) for lamb flavor, warmed-over flavor, and flavor intensity by trained panelists. Upon completion of trained sensory panel, a consumer panel (n = 199) was served samples of roasts to determine the preferred spice blend. Consumers rated the prime rib spice the highest (P < 0.05) for all palatability attributes and the CON the lowest (P < 0.05). This study indicated the prime rib spice treatment was preferred most often for tenderness, juiciness, flavor, and overall liking by both the trained sensory panel and consumer panel. Therefore, roasts seasoned with the prime rib rub appear to have the most market potential.


Dear Sir Following recovery from otitis media, middle ear function might not be completely restored. Symptoms such as fullness, blockage in the ear or discomfort and sound distortion, as well as difficulties in speech perception, might continue for weeks, despite a normal pure tone audiogram or tympanogram. The continuation of symptoms can be explained by residual effusion and persisting Eustachian tube dysfunction. Pure tone audiometry and tympanometry can fail to demonstrate a suspected Eustachian tube dysfunction, so Morimitsu et al. introduced tubotympanometry and documented this technique to accurately measure residual Eustachian tube dysfunction (1). Recently, Wang et al. included vestibular evoked myogenic potentials (VEMPs) to detect residual middle ear conduction impairment (2). Typically it shows a delay in the latencies P13 and N23 while the interpeak latencies remain normal. We have gained experience in gently unblocking persisting fullness in the ears by employing a pocketsized manually operated device called the N-300 (Enttex, Port Melbourne, Australia). It has been developed to specifically unblock the middle ear fullness experienced with air travel and diving. The N-300 operates by applying mild negative pressure to the sealed external ear canal. This helps to unlock the Eustachian tube, and thus facilitates middle ear ventilation when swallowing (Figure 1). The N-300 has a safety valve that prevents creation of excessive pressures in the external ear canal, and does not exceed 350 400 mmH2O. Method


The ACTU's national advertising campaign against WorkChoices had touched a chord with the community, tapping into existing concerns about job and income security. The task of making these messages more real for people in their communities was up to local Your Rights at Work (YRAW) groups, 46 of which had formed in NSW. These included six in the seat of Page: in Lismore, Grafton, Ballina, Kyogle, the Lower Clarence and Casino. During 2007, these groups staffed 37 stalls at local markets, agricultural shows and events, collecting over 7,000 signatures demanding Kevin Rudd abolish WorkChoices.


This paper studied applicative techniques of herbicides Harness and Sumisoya to soil in the buckwheat field by completely random design.The results indicate that Harness(600~(1 200)ml/hm~2) and Sumisoya(75~150g/hm~2) are safe and fine herbicides in the buckwheat field.


BACKGROUND
Surveillance cultures performed at hospital admission have been recommended to identify patients colonized with methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) but require substantial resources. We determined the prevalence of and risk factors for MRSA colonization at the time of hospital admission among patients cared for at a public urban hospital.

METHODS
Anterior nares cultures were obtained within 48 h after admission during a 1-month period. A case-control study and molecular typing studies were performed.

RESULTS
A total of 53 (7.3%) of 726 patients had a nares culture positive for MRSA, and 119 (16.4%) had a nares culture that was positive for methicillin-susceptible S. aureus. In multivariate analysis, risk factors for MRSA colonization included antibiotic use within 3 months before admission (odds ratio [OR], 2.5; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.2-5.0), hospitalization during the past 12 months (OR, 4.0; 95% CI, 2.0-8.2), diagnosis of skin or soft-tissue infection at admission (OR, 3.4; 95% CI, 1.5-7.9), and HIV infection. A total of 47 (89%) of 53 case patients colonized with MRSA had at least 1 of these independent risk factors, in contrast to 343 (51%) of 673 control patients (OR, 7.5; 95% CI, 3.2 -17.9). Molecular typing demonstrated that 16 (30%) of 53 MRSA nares isolates (2.2% of the 726 isolates) belonged to the USA300 community-associated MRSA (CA-MRSA) genotype.

CONCLUSION
The prevalence of MRSA colonization at the time of patient admission was high (>7%). Limiting surveillance cultures to patients with >or=1 of the identified risk factors may allow for targeted screening. The emergence of CA-MRSA colonization represents a new, unrecognized reservoir of MRSA within hospitals, potentially increasing the risk for horizontal transmission.


The optimization and the characterization of a new amperometric biosensor based on acetylcholinestrase (AChE), immobilized on a graphite electrode modified with Pt-nanoparticles (PtNP), are reported. The G/PtNP-AChE biosensor was used for heavy metals detection. The degree of inhibition (%I), the kinetic constants of the inhibition process, as well as the influence of the PtNP presence on these parameters were estimated.


Risk theory deals with stochastic models in insurance business. Usually, in such models claims are described by point processes and the amounts claimed by policy holders are sequences of random variables. The profit or loss, of the company is the difference between premiums income and the claims. We assume that we have a certain number of competing models, describing the claims and premiums rate processes. We are interested in ranking the candidate models based on their likelihood of being most appropriate for describing these processes. We compute robust dynamics for our estimates. In these new dynamics stochastic integration disappear and stochastic differential equations become ordinary differential equations.


A study of the magnetic susceptibility under variable hydrostatic (He gas) pressure on single crystals of Cs2CuCl4−xBrx is presented. This work includes the border compounds x = 0 and 4, known as good realizations of the distorted triangular‐lattice spin‐1/2 Heisenberg antiferromagnet, as well as the recently discovered well‐ordered isostructural systems Cs2CuCl3Br1 and Cs2CuCl2Br2. For the determination of the exchange coupling constants J and J′ of their anisotropic triangular lattice, the susceptibility data are fitted by the recently proposed J–J′ model [Schmidt and Thalmeier, New J. Phys. 2015, 17, 073025]. Its application on magnetic susceptibility data, validated for the border compounds, yields a degree of frustration J′/J = 0.47 for Cs2CuCl3Br1 and J′/J ≃ 0.63–0.78 for Cs2CuCl2Br2, making these systems particular interesting representatives of this family. From the evolution of the magnetic susceptibility under pressure up to about 0.4 GPa, the maximum pressure applied, two observations were made for all the compounds investigated here. First, it has been found that the overall energy scale, given by Jc = (J2 + J′2)1/2, increases under pressure, whereas the ratio J′/J remains unchanged in this pressure range. These experimental observations are in accordance with the results of DFT calculations performed for these materials. Secondly, for the magnetoelastic coupling constants, extraordinarily small values are obtained, about two orders of magnitude smaller compared to other Cu‐based quantum magnets. These observations have been assigned to a structural peculiarity of this class of materials, consisting of well‐isolated magnetic units not sharing any common coordination element.


∗Note: Sections 16 and 17 of the 1988 Act are now to be found in SS362 and 363 of the Education Act 1996, an Act consolidating most extant statute law relating to schools in England and Wales. For sake of simplicity, references in this article remain to the original Sections of the 1988 Act.


Stem cell niche is the microenvironment in which stem cells reside,and it is essential for stem cells self-renewal and differentiation. Tumor stem cells which live in abnormal niche control tumor genesis,and appropriate niche can promote tumor growth and metastasis. Altering unique niche can suppress and affect malignant phenotypes of tumor.

Key words:
Tumor stem cells: Neoolastie processes: Niche


Within the framework of this paper, the analysis of software systems of question-answering type and their basic architectures has been carried out. With the development of machine learning technologies, creation of natural language processing (NLP) engines, as well as the rising popularity of virtual personal assistant programs that use the capabilities of speech synthesis (text-to-speech), there is a growing need in developing question-answering systems which can provide personalized answers to users' questions. All modern cloud providers proposed frameworks for organization of question answering systems but still we have a problem with personalized dialogs. Personalization is very important, it can put forward additional demands to a question-answering system's capabilities to take this information into account while processing users' questions. Traditionally, a question-answering system (QAS) is developed in the form of an application that contains a knowledge base and a user interface, which provides a user with answers to questions, and a means of interaction with an expert. In this article we analyze modern approaches to architecture development and try to build system from the building blocks that already exist on the market. Main criteria for the NLP modules were: support of the Ukrainian language, natural language understanding, functions of automatic definition of entities (attributes), ability to construct a dialogue flow, quality and completeness of documentation, API capabilities and integration with external systems, possibilities of external knowledge bases integration After provided analyses article propose the detailed architecture of the question-answering subsystem with elements of self-learning in the Ukrainian language. In the work you can find detailed description of main semantic components of the system (architecture components)


The high sensitivity and spatial resolution of future ELTs facilities will offer the unique opportunity to probe directly the stellar populations of the very inner regions of galaxies in the local Universe and to derive morphological and photometric information for high redshift galaxies. We present our project aimed at assessing the expected capabilities of ELTs in the study of nearby and high-redshift stellar populations. To this end, we simulated imaging observations of different stellar populations in the local Universe and in highredhshift galaxies with the MICADO camera at the E-ELT. Detailed photometric analyses of these images were used to probe the feasibility of science cases dealing with photometry of resolved stars in crowded fields, and with surface photometry of distant galaxies. We find that the future facilities will allow us to greatly improve our knowledge of the stellar populations in galaxies, especially in the innermost and most crowded regions. Accurate photometry of turn-off stars in nuclear star clusters of intermediate age will be possible up to distances of ∼ 3 Mpc. The exquisite spacial resolution will also drive great progress in unresolved stellar populations studies, enabling the detailed measurement of structural parameters, colour profiles, and the detection of signature of star formation sub-structures in galaxies at redshifts up to z=3.


161702-3535-IJMME-IJENS © April 2016 IJENS I J E N S  Abstract— Thanks to the technological advancement, the research in the autonomous aerial vehicle is growing and the prototypes configurations are developing. The quadrotor is one of Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV). Increasing the capability of carrying a load and the endurance time of quadrotor are representing a challenge. In this paper, a new quadrotor model is designed and evaluated. This model is named VAL-quadrotor which based on varying the arms length to control the movements of attitude and position. VAL-quadrotor is designed to carry more load, by exploiting all motors power for carrying a load, while the attitude maneuverability Performed by using the arms length variation. In normal case without carrying the load this technique can exploit to increase the endurance time. The effect of the arms' lengths is studied to select the appropriate length. Therefore, the simulation results proved that VALquadrotor possess the capability of carrying more load than the standard design.


Reperfusion therapy has represented a great leap forward in the management of myocardial infarction with ST-segment elevation. Its goal is early and complete recanalization of the infarct-related artery to salvage myocardium and improve both early and late clinical outcomes. Complete reperfusion can be achieved with either fibrinolysis or primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), but with primary PCI the success rate is higher than 90%, whereas current fibrinolytic therapy leads to full reperfusion in only 50 to 55% of recipients. Primary PCI, therefore, looks like the most appropriate reperfusion tool, but there are substantial logistic restrictions associated with it. The door-to-balloon . . .


The history of Oman is largely a story of competition, and often conflict, between two very different entities. This duality was even symbolized by the name of the country, "Sultanate of Muscat and Oman," until 1970. The sultanate was formed from the fusion of the Batina coastal plain and its port cities, symbolically Muscat, and the interior of the country, Oman. During most periods in the recent history of the country, only the coast has been ruled by the sultan. Even before the institution of the sultanate emerged in the 18th century, however, the coast had usually been under separate, often foreign, rule. In the interior, the ideal head of government from very early times was that of an imam, even though the office often remained vacant. At many times during Omani history, of course, one part of the country or the other imposed its control and Oman was temporarily united, but the differences between the two sections of Omani society eventually split the country into two separate states again. Even within the last decade, one of the major problems in Oman's efforts to develop has been "the traditional antithesis between the sultan residing on the coast and the inwardly oriented tribes."


State and local incentives and techniques for urban renewal fall under three basic categories. The first is state enabling legislation granting municipalities the authority to utilize the property tax in some special way to assist urban renewal activities. The second general category covers state financial and technical assistance to municipalities. A few states have adopted such measures, but they are not widespread. The third general category relates to municipalities only. It covers the activities undertaken by a municipality under its own authority to assist urban renewal. This is the area where the greatest assistance to the program can take place; and it is also the area where urban renewal has met its greatest impediment.


As education institution, school has the biggest role to achieve education qualities. Teacher as the actor of education activities is the important constituent in a school. Highly working motivated teachers should be able to motivate the students in order to get good academic results. Teachers working motivation has affected by teacher's self efficacy and the organizational climate at school. This research will investigate the influence of teacher's self efficacy and organizational climate at school to teachers in five schools which hold by "X" Foundation in Jakarta and Tangerang. The samples are 113 teachers, who are accidentally taken from the population. This results shows that teacher's self efficacy and organizational climate at school together influenced the teachers working motivation.


Biodegradation kinetic behaviors of ethyl acetate and xylene in a sugarcane bagasse biofilter were investigated. Microbial growth rate, biochemical reaction rate and kinetic analysis were inhibited at higher inlet concentration. For the microbial growth process, the microbial growth rate of ethyl acetate was greater than that of xylene in the inlet concentration range of 0.2 - 1.2 g.m- 3 . The degree of inhibitive effect was almost the same for ethyl acetate and xylene in this concentration range. The half-saturation constant Ks values of ethyl acetate and xylene were 1.8489 and 1.784 g.m -3 , respectively. The maximum reaction rate V m values of ethyl acetate and xylene were 0.8073and 0.8438 g C h -1 kg -1 packed material, respectively at a concentration of 0.2 g.m -3 . For the biochemical reaction process, the biochemical reaction rate of ethyl acetate was greater than that of xylene in the inlet concentration range of 0.2 - 1.2 g.m -3 . The inhibitive effect for ethyl acetate was more pronounced than that for 0.2 - 1.2 g.m -3 in this concentration range. The EAX concentration profiles along the depth were also determined by using diffusion reaction model. It was observed that at low concentration and low flow rate, the model is in good agreement with the experimental values for ethylacetate and xylene. Keywords: Xylene, ethyl acetate, sugarcane bagasse, biofilter, biochemical reaction DOI = 10.3329/cerb.v14i1.4683 Chemical Engineering Research Bulletin 14 (2010) 51-57


Gerontechnology includes the research and development of techniques and technological products, based on the knowledge of aging processes, for the benefit of an optimal living and working environment and adapted medical care for the elderly. Physical fitness is a prerequisite to the satisfactory performance of daily tasks. Functionality decreases when motor abilities or motor skills diminish, when task demands are too high and/or when the product characteristics, the user-interface or the environmental conditions are in conflict with human skills. In order to be able to define functional specifications for the technological environment of elderly people, a profound understanding of the changes and possible rehabilitation of their physical fitness is required. It is questioned which abilities and skills should be trained to prolong independence.


The determinants of firms choice of auditor have received considerable attention in recent years. Theories relating to "agency costs" and "product differentiation" have been extensively examined. With respect to the former Francis and Wilson (1988, p. 668) observe: ... only a weak association has been demonstrated to exist between agency cost proxies and audit firm choice with little interstudy consistency. The evidence in support of the latter (specifically, a "Big 8" fee premium) seems stronger. Interestingly, the demand for quality differentiated audits is often explained in terms of agency/contracting costs, and most recently, also in terms of industry specialisation (Craswell et. al., 1995). While "economic" determinants of auditor choice have been closely examined, little attention has been paid to "non-economic" factors. Yet, if the popular press and the recent debate over corporate governance are any guide, cultural and environmental factors also seem likely to play a role. One of the few such studies is Davidson, Stening and Wan (1984). Davidson et. al. (1984) examine the effect of interlocking directorates on Australian companies choice of auditor. Two companies were deemed to be interlocked when they had at least one director in common. They conclude (p. 316): ... links between companies audited by the same public accounting firms .... can be explained to a considerable extent by the links provided by those companies having common directors. In this paper we investigate the impact of interlocking directorates and, specifically, the cross-chairpersonship of the Board of Directors on Hong Kong companies choice of auditor. Section 2 briefly reviews the evidence on "family" control of Hong Kong listed corporations. Section 3 examines the relationship between cross-chairs and auditor choice, while section 4 contains our conclusions. In brief, there is (at least over the time period of this study) a significant association between cross-chairs and auditor choice even after controlling for the industry expertise of the auditors. There is also little evidence that cross-chaired companies rely more heavily on alternative governance mechanisms to address any potential threats to the "independence" of their chosen auditors.


In this work we describe an interesting application of a simple derivative-free optimization method to extract the quasinormal modes (QNM's) of a massive scalar field propagating in a 4-dimensional Schwarzschild anti-de Sitter black hole (Sch-AdS$_4$). In this approach, the problem to find the QNM's is reduced to minimize a real valued function of two variables and does not require any information about derivatives. In fact, our strategy requires only evaluations of the objective function to search global minimizers of the optimization problem. Firstly, numerical experiments were performed to find the QNM's of a massless scalar field propagating in intermediate and large Sch-AdS$_4$ black holes. The performance of this optimization algorithm was compared with other numerical methods used in previous works. Our results showed to be in good agreement with those obtained previously. Finally, the massive scalar field case and its QNM's were also obtained and discussed.


Reaction-diffusion equations arise in many chemical and biological settings. Solutions to these equations exhibit a wide variety of structures, including pattern formation and traveling waves. In groundwater aquifers, reactiondiffusion equations govern kinetic adsorption and the growth and transport of biofilm-forming microbes, and the equations may contain advective terms. Accurate simulation in these cases is crucial to the development of contaminant remediation strategies. However, advection interferes with the numerics, causing spurious oscillations or artificial diffusion near sharp fronts. These errors can trigger unrealistic reaction effects. We examine finite-element techniques for solving reaction-diffusion problems with advection. The techniques are based on the modified method of characteristics, in some cases including streamline or velocity-weighted numerical diffusion to suppress numerical oscillations. In contrast with linear reactions, nonlinear reactions may contain thresholds, and errors near these thresholds can affect the qualitative structure of solutions. Therefore, both the oscillations associated with poorly resolved, nondiffusive schemes and the smearing associated with diffusive schemes can distort the numerical solutions significantly.


A simple, rapid, accurate and selective complexometric method is proposed for the determina-tion of mercury(Ⅱ). Mercury(Ⅱ) is first complexed with a known excess of EDTA and the surplusEDTA is back-titrated at pH 5. 0--6. 0 with lead nitrate, xylenol orange being used as indicator. Hexa-hydropyrimidine-2-thione (HPT) is then added to displace EDTA from the Hg-EDTA complex quan-titatively and the EDTA released is titrated with lead nitrate. Reproducible and accurate results areobtained for 2--55 mg of mercury, with a relative error of less than 0. 5% and standard deviation ofless than 0.04.


Embelia leata is a Chinese traditional herbal medicine.10 known compounds have been isolated from the ethyl acetate fraction of the methanol extraction first time. Their structures were identified as 2,6-dimethoxybenzoquinone(1),6-methyl citrate(2),1,5-dimethyl citrate(3),trimethyl citrate(4),gallic acid(5),β-daucosterol(6),vanillic acid(7),3,5-dimethyl-4-hydroxybenzoic acid(8),3,5-dihydroxy-4-methoxybenzoic acid(9) and β-sitosterol(10) on the basis of spectral analysis respectively.


Tele‐Operated Catheter Ablation, In Vivo. Introduction: The close proximity between the interventionalist and patient during catheter‐based interventions for cardiac arrhythmia exposes the interventionalist to harmful radiation. A prototype remote catheter navigation system (RCNS) has been developed to reduce occupational dose. The safety, feasibility of this RCNS and a comparison of remote and conventional navigation techniques is investigated in vivo.


Mars' transition from an early "warm and wet" to a "cold and dry" environment left fingerprints on the geological record of fluvial activity on Mars. The morphological and mineralogical observations of aqueous activity provided varying constraints on the condition and duration of liquid water on the Martian surface. In this study, we surveyed the mineralogy of Martian alluvial fans and deltas and investigated the hydrated silica-bearing deposits associated with some of these landforms. Using CRISM data, we identified 35 locations across Mars with hydrated silica in proximity to fans/deltas, where the spectral characteristics are consistent with immature or dehydrated opal-A. In a few stepped fans/deltas, we find hydrated silica occurs within the bulk fan deposits and form sedimentary layers correlated with elevation. Meanwhile, in the older fans/deltas, silica mostly occurs at distal locations, and the relation to primary sedimentary deposits is more complex. We propose that the hydrated silica-bearing deposits in stepped fans/deltas likely formed authigenically from Martian surface waters, mainly during the Late Hesperian and Early Amazonian. These silica-bearing deposits could be a tracer for the temperature or duration of water involved in the formation of these deposits, given more precise and detailed observations of the sedimentary context, accessory minerals, the concentration of hydrated silica, and sediment-to-water ratio. Therefore, we consider that silica-bearing deposits should be among the most critical samples to investigate for future Mars missions, which are accessible in the landing sites of Mars 2020 and ExoMars 2022 missions.


mean baseline fiber intake that was higher than normal, so presumably this was a select, healthy population. The Polyp Prevention Trial, conducted by Dr. Schatzkin and colleagues, found no reduction in risk of recurrence for a low-fat, high-fiber, high-fruit and -vegetable diet. "These studies do not provide compelling evidence for an inverse association between total fiber consumption and risk of colorectal cancer," she said. Large, prospective studies of calcium suggest a pattern of a weak inverse association between high calcium intake and the risk of colorectal cancer. However, a recent placebo-controlled, multicenter trial that included 930 people showed a protective effect for calcium at 1,200 mg/day, with an absolute risk reduction of seven percent in adenoma recurrence in favor of calcium. Dr. Martinez reminded the audience that studies of adenoma recurrence have some limitations, since they are conducted at a specific window in time during progression from an adenoma to cancer, and also, only about 10 percent of adenomas will progress to cancer. She said that the ongoing Women's Health Initiative is a well-designed trial that should provide some answers about the role of a low-fat diet and cancer, as well as calcium and vitamin D supplements in colorectal cancer. The study includes 64,500 postmenopausal women who will be followed for nine years, and special efforts have been made to enroll women from minority groups, which has been problematic in the past, she said. Dr. Martinez cited several challenges for chemoprevention trials: recruitment of minority populations; assessing the role of diet during childhood and adolescence (which is particularly important for breast cancer, she emphasized); and elucidating the role of genetic susceptibility in the etiology of cancer.


Objective:To observe the effects of modified Erxian decoction upon post-menopause decoction treatment group(treatment group).After 4 weeks treatment,typical angina frequency and exercise ECG test were detected and compared within two groups.Results:After the combination with patients with microvascular angina.Method:80 post-menopause patients with microvascular angina were divided randomly into conventional treatment group(control group)and combined with modified Erxian the modified Erxian decoction treatment,the angina attack frequency and ECG exercise test results were improved significantly compared with that in the control group.Conclusion:Modified Erxian decoction in combination with conventional drugs is the safe and effective treatment for post-menopause patients with microvascular angina.


Robotino is an omni-directional drive robot created by Festo Didatic and has integrated a variety of sensors and a webcam in it. By utilizing Computer Vision, Robotino can be used as a balldetection robot based on shape and color of objects. Commonly, RGB color space are used while the process of color segmentation, but the RGB color space still unable to tolerate the intensity of light. In this project has been build an application using the HSV color space for color filtering process which is able to tolerate the intensity of light in image processing and the methods for detect a circle is using Circular Hough Transform. Moreover, in this study the image data obtained directly via webcam on Robotino streamingly. This application has been successfully detected the colored balls with the parameters specified filter color in HSV color space and the Circular Hough Transform method, as well as the processed image data obtained through wireless,streamingly fromRobotino's webcam which is already integrated on the PC.


There are seventeen essential nutrients which are required for the optimum growth and development of crop. Among these, there are major nutrients (N P K) which are required in higher quantity by crop and their supply is utmost essential. Not only nutrient supply, but they should be supply at balanced form. Moreover their rate, source, time and method of application are also important for increasing the efficiency of applied fertilizers. The efficiency of nitrogen fertilizers can be increased by use of slow release nitrogen fertilizers, foliar application of Urea, split application methods, use of non-nitrate fertilizers and incorporation of urea fertilizers. For the phosphatic fertilizers, localized application, use of sufficient quantity of organic matter and liming of soil to raise its pH near neutrality (pH 6.5) could be done. In case of potassium, soil type and crop grown are the most important parameters while deciding the fertilizer source. Crop growth and fruit types and their sensitivity towards to K fertilisers are also important.


To provide theoretical and technical basis for the application of preparations of bamboo vinegar and copper sulfate in the prevention of green algae in floating system for tobacco seeding, the soaking and spraying methods were employed to study the effect of different concentrations of preparations of bamboo vinegar and copper sulfate on green algae and tobacco seedling growth. The results showed that the preparations of bamboo vinegar and copper sulfate of different concentrations played a strong role in inhibiting green algae growth and had better effect than copper sulfate. Spraying 1:200 preparations of bamboo vinegar and copper sulfate could significantly promote tobacco seedling growth, and the leaf fresh weight increased by 15.80% compared with CK, with significant difference; spraying 1:50 preparations was not conducive to tobacco seedling growth. It was recommended to spray 1:200 preparations of bamboo vinegar and copper sulfate in floating system for tobacco seeding, which could promote tobacco seedling growth and reduce green algae to varying degrees.


Generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) is a persistent, highly debilitating, underdiagnosed, often misunderstood, undertreated and pervasive condition. In spite of advances in both psychosocial and pharmacological interventions for this disorder, namely cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) and antidepressant regimens (SSRIs), clinical outcomes across multiple primary and secondary measures have not been robust in nature. One of the main impetuses for writing the following book has been to present a comprehensive, albeit not exhaustive, source for clinicians by a clinician experienced in the theoretical underpinnings and treatments for GAD. The goal is not to supplant either the CBT tradition or the pharmacological one, but to extend the scope of options available to those that treat chronically anxious patients. To date, there does not exist, in the multiple sources extant on the subject, a single authored, nonedited text that encompasses the standard evidence-based treatments for GAD and newer cutting edge conceptual models and interventions for this malady. On a more personal note, another motivating factor for this book's publication is that, as a clinician who has treated hundreds of patients with GAD with a modicum of success and witnessed firsthand the ravage this disorder can cause, it has become even more pressing (akin to a calling) to present not just "another" text on the subject, but one that does justice to the marked impairment this condition can have on the individual sufferer and the larger societal impact. In addition, even though excessive worry and chronic anxiety – the cardinal symptoms of GAD – are timely topics, especially in this age of global terrorism, economic unrest, and growing existential foreboding in the face of life's uncertainties, the reality is that in speaking to many clinicians about GAD, they simply do not know what to do in practice with patients who present with diffuse anxious symptomatology. GAD is a formidable foe for not just the sufferer, but for the practitioner, whose lives these individuals have entrusted to their care. In attempting to write a book that remains loyal to the "empirical tradition" that is both evidence-based, yet at the same time, considers GAD's heterogeneity, the individualized needs of clinicians who treat chronically anxious patients and patients' preferences in regard to the approach that best fits their particular clinical presentation of the disorder, a balance had to be created that was quite a challenge. In the end, the book discusses in detail the "tried and tested" models and


One basic method for using solar energy for cooling air conditioning employs an air/water vapour mixture as the working fluid, the air being dehumidified, cooled and evaporatively cooled in appropriate devices so that its state when entering a building is such that the building interior state is acceptable for human thermal comfort. This paper proposes two psychrometric cycles which, by making use of an improved understanding of adsorption processes in packed beds, are less complex than cycles previously studied. Estimates are made of component sizes for a system cooling a house in Darwin.


During the induction period, especially in the case of cyanotic patients, straining, crying, and fighting should be avoided because they raise the intraalveolar pressure, leading to reduced pulmonary perfusion, increased pulmonary vascular resistance, and hence increased right-to-left shunting with worsening of systemic hypoxia. They also increase intra-thoracic pressure and impede the venous return, leading to a decrease in cardiac output. Therefore, we highly recommend that heavier sedation or premedication than that regularly used in pediatric cases be given one hour prior to induction.


Chapter 3 investigates ways of figuring the author's doubled body, physical and textual, through clothing. It contrasts the ways that male and female authorial clothing has been imagined and displayed within the writer's house museum to animate ideas of the author. It discusses, inter alia, Dorothy Wordsworth's shoes, William Cowper's nightcap, Henrik Ibsen's top-hat, Elizabeth Gaskell's shawl, Charlotte Brontë's wedding-bonnet, and Emily Dickinson's white dress. It argues that the display of clothing within the writer's museum converts writing into biography. In this common museum trope, clothing is seen to take and preserve the most intimate and truthful form of its wearer, and to survive as witness to it. Clothing displaces the intimacy and truth of writing; text is converted into textile.


While trying to find out if drama helps students' oral skills development, researchers have also found that drama lowers anxiety levels of EFL learners. Drama itself has become a teaching technique which encourages students to learn a new language in a creative and effective way.


Study of the antigenic structure of the Bovine Leukemia Virus (BLV) envelope glycoprotein gp51 with a panel of mouse monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) has allowed the identification of biologically important determinants directly involved in the infectivity of BLV. Considering the various facts reported in this paper, it follows that diagnostic and vaccination procedures that make use of gp51 in a native configuration constitute a prerequisite for the design of an efficient BLV eradication program. To improve the efficacy of a serological detection test, MAbs have been selected as reagents of choice to develop a competition enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (cELISA). Recombinant vaccinia virus expressing gp51 and gp30 was indicated as a very promising protective vaccine against BLV infection.


SUMMARY As a one of a kind joint-use facility between a private university and a county government, the Alvin Sherman Library, Research, and Information Technology Center at Nova Southeastern University (NSU) provides reference services to both NSU students on and off campus and public users. Reference librarians have had to adjust to the variety of users and demands for new services and at the same time find new and creative methods of offering, promoting, and providing instruction about their services to public users as well as NSU's local and distance students. Tracking statistics can assist in identifying user needs.


There is no best way to successfully manage a project; however, extensive effort is being made by the Project Management Institute (PMI) to establish best practices to manage projects. The output of all the eight project management knowledge areas established by the (PMI) is used as an input to make the project management plan, which is a key to a successful project. Therefore, the aim of this study is to investigate whether all the eight project management knowledge areas of time, cost, quality, scope, human resources, communication, procurement and risk are cross-linked in practice. Moreover, to discover whether all these areas are actually integrated by project managers when developing the project management plan for construction projects executed in Lebanon.


Better understanding and genetic characterization of the gut microbiome will allow for the identification of clinically distinct gastrointestinal diseases. Facilitated by high throughput technologies, intestinal flora analyses have elucidated a broad spectrum of neuropsychiatric, immunological, and allergic disorders linked with this organ system. Microbiome research especially has shed light on underlying factors of intestinal disorders. This interplay of environmental bacteria versus host tissue gene expression may have implications for disease pathogenicity and etiological determination. For instance, pancreatic disorders are common symptoms of irritable bowel disease (IBD), which is thought to affect approximately 7% to 21% of the population [1]. However, IBD is often difficult to diagnose and treat as it presents with a constellation of symptoms, many of which are similar to other common gastrointestinal diseases. Thus, clinical diagnosis of IBD is typically only made when biomarkers for other common gastrointestinal diseases are absent. Similarly, pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) accounts for over 90% of known malignancies of the pancreas [2]. PDAC also presents with a similar clinical prodrome to other common gastrointestinal illnesses, leading to late diagnosis. These potentially pleiotropic genes involved in such diseases can be identified as biomarkers through gene expression analyses to use in the form of a diagnostic tool. Such a mechanism may inform clinical decisionmaking, in turn leading to better patient outcomes.


Tourism is considered as one of the most effective service industries in the economic development process in developing countries. It is believed today that if all the potentials of this industry are taken into consideration, it could become one of the pillars beside economy and culture for the development of a city. With its various historical and ancient constructions, Esfahan is considered one of the important regions for tourism in Iran. But despite its human and natural potentials and historic and cultural capabilities, it could only take a small share of the tourism industry's income. Therefore, to gain more shares, make a difference and reach success in this field, Esfahan need to allocate more resources and adapt its facilities and infrastructures to embrace new technologies. The analysis of books, papers, thesis and reports by responsible authorized organizations, shows that projection mapping can help the city of Esfahan not only to improve tourism but also to increase the visitors' satisfaction. Moreover, this technique has a proven ability to share messages in an entertaining way, allowing people to discover and learn about history, myths, famous people, celebrations and many other topics. There are no limitations in the creative side of projection mapping, and additionally to its attraction and learning aspects, it creates new occupations, employment opportunities, and generates income.


Summary & ConclusionsSafety-relevant systems are becoming ever more complex, and they typically contain components from different manufacturers which have been integrated along the supply chain. Safety assurance is highly challenging in this context, with model-based approaches being a potential remedy. To unlock the potential of such approaches, a data format is needed to represent the safety information in multi-tier supply chains in a tool-independent way. This paper presents the Open Dependability Exchange (ODE) (https://github.com/Digital-Dependability-Identities/ODE) metamodel developed in the H2020 DEIS Project, which captures the essence and relation between the safety-related artifacts created during the entire development lifecycle. The different parts of the ODE provide coverage for architectural modeling, hazard and risk analysis, failure logic modeling (such as FME(D)A, FTA, and Markov Chains), and safety requirements. It enables the exchange of safety information between the different phases of the safety engineering lifecycle and the exchange across organizations in multi-tier supply chains. Moreover, the ODE enables the creation, integration, and validation of safety information using different vendors' tools regardless of the specific tool's methodology.


Impulse radio ultra wide band (IR-UWB) is gaining consensus within the recently formed IEEE 802.15.4a Task Group as a solution for providing combined communication and ranging in low data rate indoor/outdoor networks. In this work we propose a solution for medium access control in low data rate IR-UWB networks that uses the specific features of IR-UWB and enables location-based network optimizations by providing and storing estimates of the distance between network terminals. The performance of the protocol as a function of channel characteristics, transmission range, number of users and user data rates is evaluated by means of simulations, taking into account an accurate MUI model based on the concept of pulse collision. Results highlight that in all considered scenarios the protocol provides high throughput and low packet delay, and constitutes thus a viable solution for location-aware low data rate UWB networks


The tourism industry of Anhui Province faces new development situation in the period of "12th Five Year",and the new situation puts forward new requirements to tourism talents.This essay analyses tourism talents' structural features of Anhui Province,and puts forward corresponding optimization countermeasures.The tourism administration department should enhance the planning of tourism talents and ensure training of tourist talents;tourism colleges should define training target and innovate training models;tourism enterprises must strengthen training and improve the stimulating system;and it is essential to strengthen international cooperation and promote the internationalization level of tourism talents development.


In this article, we calculate the strong coupling constant g∆Nπ in the framework of the light-cone QCD sum rules approach. The numerical value of the strong coupling constant g∆Nπ is too small to take into account the experimental data. The deviation may be due to the failure to take into account the perturbative αs correction, the un-subtracted contributions from the high resonances in the p channel, etc. PACS numbers: 13.30.-a; 13.75.Gx


Most of the information on the role of the endothelium for the vascular reactivity comes from in vitro experiments on noncerebral vessels. Few studies address the contribution of the endothelium to th


The limit of function,which brings out the definitions of continuous function,derivative,definite integral,is the basis of"Higher Mathematics".Thus,solving the limit of function is a very important problem.Firstly,we will introduce the common methods for solving the limit of function(sequence)in this paper.Secondly,we will give some examples to analysis the problems wihich should be paid attention to.Finally,we will obtain a brief description on the application of limit in other chapters of"Higher Mathematics".


For the one-dimensional, locally rotationally symmetric case, we employ the relativistic Boltzmann equations and the moment methods to derive a 6D causal evolution system of first-order symmetric hyperbolic form for a fluid-radiation mixture, i.e., a relativistic gas composed of material particles and photons. The material medium is assumed to be a nonbarotropic perfect gas and the evolution equations for this medium are obtained by using the local Jüttner equilibrium distribution function as seen by an observer with arbitrary 4-velocity. In order to derive the evolution equations for the photon gas, we develop the modified Grad-type method which consists of expanding the phase density (i.e., the number density of photons) about a local Planck equilibrium distribution function and including the trace-free anisotropic pressure in the expansion. In our approach, it is significant that the matter fluid's peculiar velocity and the radiative heat flux (relative to an arbitrary 4-velocity vector field) are incorporated into the model in a non-perturbative manner, thereby allowing arbitrarily large values for the two nonvanishing components of these dynamical variables. The additional difference about the treatment here as opposed to other treatments is that we do not neglect terms in the evolution equations which involve small first-order quantities multiplying the spatial frame derivatives of hydrodynamical variables.


This paper deals with the robust inverse compensation and control for a class of nonlinear systems with unknown asymmetric input backlash. With an analytical expression of the inverse compensation error, a corresponding controller is designed by using the robust adaptive control approach. The developed control law ensures global stability of the whole control system and achieves both stabilization and tracking with desired precision. Simulations performed on an unstable uncertain nonlinear system illustrate and clarify the approach.


This report describes the management of a 7-month-old baby who aspirated one and ingested two paper pins at a time. Bronchoscopic removal was done for aspirated pin and ingested pins were observed for spontaneous passage in stool, which occurred in 48 hours without any untoward incidence.


One-dimensional 1D amorphous SiO2 nanoblades were synthesized by a low-temperature hydrothermal process in an aqueous solution without using template. The presence of NaOH and urea is crucial for the formation of anisotropic SiO2 nanostructures, but their concentrations should be carefully controlled to obtain large-scale SiO2 nanoblades. Increasing the synthesis temperature will increase the aspect ratios of the resultant SiO2 nanoblades. Intense blue luminescence centered at 3.0 and 2.8 eV was observed in the as-synthesized SiO2 nanoblades, and the photoluminescence PL peak intensities were reduced by 21% and 44% after oxygen annealing at 300 and 600°C, respectively. The zero-crossing g value in the electron paramagnetic resonance spectra was calculated to be 2.0000, implying that there exists many E defect centers in the as-synthesized SiO2 nanoblades. The 2.8-eV band can be attributed to the neutral oxygen-vacancy defects, while the 3.0-eV band may be due to the H-complexed oxygen vacancies. c The Electrochemical Society. © 2010 The Electrochemical Society. DOI: 10.1149/1.3494217 All rights reserved.


The experiment was conducted to observe the effect of direct exposure of formaldehyde in different concentrations on the physio-anatomy of kidneys. For this purpose, 14 rabbits ageing 3– 6 months were divided into 3 groups; group 1 (n, 6) were exposed to 10% formaldehyde solution for 12 weeks, group 2 (n, 6) to 40% formaldehyde solution for 6 weeks and group 3 (n, 2) served as control. After completion of experimental periods, fresh tissue samples were collected from both the kidneys for the demonstration of enzymes and some part of samples were also preserved in 10% NBF to study histological changes. The present study revealed that after an exposure to 40% formaldehyde solution, there was degeneration of glomeruli and tubular epithelium with necrosis of proximal and distal convoluted tubules. Marked congestion and haemorrhages were also seen in the glomeruli and intertubular blood vessels. There was weak activity of AKPase, ATPase, G-6-Pase, SDH, LDH and G-6-PD, and moderate to strong reaction of NADPH and NADH in the renal glomeruli, proximal and distal convoluted tubules. The alterations in the distribution pattern of phosphatases and oxidoreductases in the rabbit kidney reflects the impairment in the renal functions due to formaldehyde exposure.


Background. Donation after circulatory death (DCD) is a procedure in which after planned withdrawal of life-sustaining treatment (WLST), the dying process is monitored. A DCD procedure can only be continued if the potential organ donor dies shortly after WLST. This study performed an external validation of 2 existing prediction models to identify potentially DCD candidates, using one of the largest cohorts. Methods. This multicenter retrospective study analyzed all patients eligible for DCD donation from 2010 to 2015. The first model (DCD-N score) assigned points for absence of neurological reflexes and oxygenation index. The second model, a linear prediction model (LPDCD), yielded the probability of death within 60 min. This study determined discrimination (c-statistic) and calibration (Hosmer and Lemeshow test) for both models. Results. This study included 394 patients, 283 (72%) died within 60 min after WLST. The DCD-N score had a c-statistic of 0.77 (95% confidence intervals, 0.71-0.83) and the LPDCD model 0.75 (95% confidence intervals, 0.68-0.81). Calibration of the LPDCD 60-min model proved to be poor (Hosmer and Lemeshow test, P < 0.001). Conclusions. The DCD-N score and the LPDCD model showed good discrimination but poor calibration for predicting the probability of death within 60 min. Construction of a new prediction model on a large data set is needed to obtain better calibration.


Leaf area index (LAI) is an essential parameter for monitoring crop growth dynamic. An algorithm, which is based on physical model and neural networks to derive crop LAI from MODIS land surface reflectance, is presented. This algorithm utilizes the directional reflectances instead of the BRDF normalized data to avoid complex BRDF normalization and the error from it. The estimated LAI is compared with existing LAI products. Results show that it is consistent with MODIS (RMSE = 0.4994) and CYCLOPES (RMSE = 0.6658) LAI products in temporal and spatial patterns. The algorithm is validated against ground measurements of annual crop LAI in 2004 in Hengshui, China. The neural network derived LAI could represent the spatial pattern of the field LAI. However, all these LAI products are lower than field measurements. It would be suggested that the physical model should be modified to adapt to the dense crop in Northern China.


Little is known about Catholic priests' mental health help-seeking. Using consensual qualitative research, this study examined 15 Catholic priests' narratives about help-seeking attitudes, help-seeking behaviours, and offers advice for mental health professionals regarding priest health. Analysis revealed that all 15 priests reported positive attitudes about mental health help-seeking because counselling helped to deal with and heal problems, provided a different, unbiased perspective and allowed for spiritual growth. The majority of participants (9/15; 60%) reported that they have sought help through counselling for various reasons, such as depression and stress. Barriers to help-seeking entailed perceiving no need to seek help, stigma, and concerns about counsellor competence. Participants suggested that mental health professionals understand the importance of prayer to priests, the unique stressors of the priestly role, and the impact of contextual factors (e.g., frequent transfers and sexual abuse scandal) on their health. Implications for future research and clinical practice are discussed.


Objective: To identify sociocultural factors linked with the presence of precancerous lessions in women living in a predominantly rural municipality in Boyacá, Colombia. Materials and Methods: An observational analytical retrospective case-control study. From the institutional memory, av.enferm., XXXII (1): 63-71, 2014 ARTÍCULO DE INVESTIGACIÓN Factores asociados al hallazgo de lesiones preneoplásicas detectadas en citología vaginal: estudio de casos y controles Factors linked with the discovery of preneoplastic lesion detected in pap smear: a case-control study Fatores associados à encontrar lesões pré-neoplásicas detectado no esfregaço vaginal: estudo caso-controle Lida Yoana Cifuentes* Fred Gustavo Manrique Abril** Juan Manuel Ospina Díaz*** * Enfermera. Especialista en Epidemiología. MPH (e). Investigadora GISP-UPTC, Tunja. Colombia. E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com ** RN. MPH, Ph.D. Salud Pública. Ph.D Investigación Clínica. Profesor Asociado, Escuela de Enfermería UPTC. Profesor Titular, Facultad de Enfermería, Universidad Nacional de Colombia. Director GISP-UPTC, Tunja. Colombia. E-mail: email@example.com *** M.D. MSc. Epidemiología. Profesor Titular Escuela de Medicina UPTC. Investigador Grupo Hygea UNIBOYACÁ, Tunja. Colombia. E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com Recibido: 18/11/2011 Aprobado: 06/12/2013 AVANCES EN ENFERMERÍA • Vol. XXXII-No. 1 enero-junio 2014 64 by sequential random sampling, there were selected a sample of 168 women: 42 cases and 126 controls, matched by age and socioeconomic status, they were asked through a questionnaire, about antecedents, and family and cultural factors, possibly associated with the presence of preneoplastic lesions in vaginal smears. Results: Age range 16 to 71 years, average age 42.2 years (sd = 14.57), 79.2% with steady partner, 90.0% completed only primary education or less, 11.3% smoked, average age of menarche was 13.8 years (sd = 1.38) and 17.9% had menarche at 12 or younger; all women have had at least one pregnancy and 66.1% had 3 or more. The average age of first pregnancy is 19.7 years (sd = 3.45) and range of age at first pregnancy between 15 and 29 years in 35.7% of cases the first pregnancy occurred before 18 years, 31.5% had family history of cancer. The following factors were significantly associated with the presence of preneoplastic lesion in the pap smear: a history of 2 or more sexual partners (or = 85.0), first pregnancy before 18 years (or = 40.0), family history of cancer (or = 23.9), smoking (or = 12.1), sexual initiation before age 17 (or = 11.8), drinking alcohol (or = 10.8), history of vaginal infections (or = 10.1), 3 or more pregnancies (or = 5.2), no education (or = 3.49), history of abortion (or = 2 , 87). Conclusion: There are risk factors amenable to educational interventions and motivation, which could substantially improve the opportunity and coverage of promotion and prevention programs, as well as adherence to the practice of the pap smear.


Abstract By a theorem of Wahl, for canonically embedded curves which are hyperplane sections of K3 surfaces, the first Gaussian map is not surjective. In this paper we prove that if C is a general hyperplane section of high genus (> 280) of a general polarized K3 surface, then the second Gaussian map of C is surjective. The resulting bound for the genus g of a general curve with surjective second Gaussian map is decreased to g > 152.


Interactive controlling is the most important function of the computer as well as the basic ways of the message exchanging between the computer and the operator. The Visual Basic program language is a popular tool for program development cause of easy to learn and to use. So the ways for the interactive program are introduced in this paper, and every example is also presented for the all event written by the Visual Basic language.


Introduction. It is well-known that a group is uniquely determined by a system of generators, and a set of defining relations on those generators. Clearly it is of interest to find relations that are as simple as possible. In this paper, this question is dealt with for certain orthogonal groups of characteristic 2, which are generated by involutions. Let V be a vector space over a field K of characteristic 2 (we always exclude the prime field K = G F (2)). Let Q be a quadratic form over V, and let S be the set of orthogonal transformations of (V, Q) whose path is 1-dimensional and not contained in the radical of V. Letting O* be the group generated by S, we shall show that every relation among generators in S is a consequence of relations of length 2, 3, or 4.


We propose an interactive editor which allows developers to refine an initially extracted object graph into a hierarchical graph that matches their mental model of the runtime structure. The developer can expand or collapse selected hierarchies to control the level of visual detail. Such views of the runtime structure can be useful for code modification tasks.


UNLABELLED
In addition to its important role as marker of iron stores, serum ferritin is a marker of systemic inflammation, and obesity has been associated with chronic inflammation.

OBJECTIVE
To verify, six months after surgery, the effect of bariatric surgery on the serum ferritin of women who were hypertensive, diabetic, or comorbidity free before surgery.

SAMPLE AND METHODS
This retrospective study included 200 women aged 20 to 45 years, with a body mass index (BMI) equal to or greater than 35 kg/m2, submitted to Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB). Seventy of these women were hypertensive, forty had type 2 diabetes (T2D), and ninety were comorbidity free (CF). They were assessed before and six months after surgery. Anthropometric, laboratory (serum ferritin and hemoglobin), and comorbidity- related data were collected from their medical records.

RESULTS
Before surgery, women with comorbidities were older, the hypertensives had higher BMI, and the diabetics had higher serum ferritin levels than the CF women. The study comorbidities had resolved in 68% of the hypertensive women and 86% of the diabetic women six months after RYGB. Also at this time, the serum ferritin of hypertensive women decreased from 110.1±86.3 to 88.7±80.5 ng/dL and of diabetic women, from 164.8±133.4 to 101.2±97.7 ng/dL (p0.05).

CONCLUSION
High ferritin in premenopausal obese women was associated with the main obesity-related comorbidities, and these comorbidities determined the reduction of serum ferritin after bariatric surgery.


Against deformation monitoring for the hydropower industry,high mountains and steep slopes,as well as GPS satellite signal blocking and GPS network design restricted,network monitoring points adjacent distance of only a few hundred meters,it is difficult to meet the《global positioning system( GPS) measurement specifications》grade D side network requirements of the situation. With engineering examples,the short side of the GPS network data processing and precision analysis using GPS Total Station EDM verification checklist to meet the short side measuring distances ranging accuracy requirements are presented. The side length error less than 5 mm,and seized GPS network nuclear discussed are found. The deformation monitoring reference value shoold be hope to play.


Abstract Direct interaction of dithizone with 7-chloro-6- fluoro-8-nitro-4-oxoquinoline-3-carboxylic acid or with its ester delivered the corresponding novel 1,3,4-thiadiazino [5,6-h]quinoline 3-carboxylic acid, or its ester which was then hydrolyzed to the respective acid. Structures of the latter tricyclic hybrids were deduced from analytical and spectral data and confirmed by single crystal X-ray structure determination of the ester derivative. The free acid showed moderate activity against Staphylococcus aureus with a MIC value of 25 μg mL−1.


Surgical treatment of congenital heart disease is quite often accompanied by total or partial resection of thymus, due to heart access. Thymectomycan lead to various immunological abnormalities. 43 children aged 3 to 6 years, operated due to congenital heart disease with partial or total thymectomy, took part in the research. Immunological status was measured using tests of 1 and 2 levels after 1 and 2 years from the surgery. β-carotene treatment had positively influenced on changes in immunological status of children that underwent thymectomy, and that proposes immunomodulating activity of the medication under consideration and its use as a nonspecific immunomodulator in children.


The revolution of 1689 in Massachusetts was an event of some complexity in which various shades of political opinion were united, temporarily and for different reasons, in opposition to Governor Andros and the government of the Dominion of New England. The immediate result of the overthrow of Andros was the formation of an alternative government, a 'Council for the Safety of the People and the Conservation of the Peace', which was formally constituted on 20 April 1689, two days after the Boston uprising. It was then agreed that the fifteen signatories of the letter to Andros which had demanded his surrender should be members of this Council 'together with such other of them of the old Magistrates or such other Gentlemen as they shall Judge meet to Associate to them…' Twenty-two other men accepted the invitation of the original fifteen to join them.


We demonstrate an interferometric near-infrared spectroscopy (iNIRS) instrument, operating simultaneously at two wavelengths, for quantification of optical properties of turbid media. Measurements are demonstrated on a fluid phantom.