There are many scenarios in which a mobile agent may not want its path to be predictable. Examples include preserving privacy or confusing an adversary. However, this desire for deception can conflict with the need for a low path cost. Optimal plans such as those produced by RRT* may have low path cost, but their optimality makes them predictable. Similarly, a deceptive path that features numerous zig-zags may take too long to reach the goal. We address this trade-off by drawing inspiration from adversarial machine learning. We propose a new planning algorithm, which we title Adversarial RRT*. Adversarial RRT* attempts to deceive machine learning classifiers by incorporating a predicted measure of deception into the planner cost function. Adversarial RRT* considers both path cost and a measure of predicted deceptiveness in order to produce a trajectory with low path cost that still has deceptive properties. We demonstrate the performance of Adversarial RRT*, with two measures of deception, using a simulated Dubins vehicle. We show how Adversarial RRT* can decrease cumulative RNN accuracy across paths to 10%, compared to 46% cumulative accuracy on near-optimal RRT* paths, while keeping path length within 16% of optimal. We also present an example demonstration where the Adversarial RRT* planner attempts to safely deliver a high value package while an adversary observes the path and tries to intercept the package.


It is focused on frequency answer questions(short for FAQ) library.FAQ library is one of the key components of QAS.By the means of saving frequency questions and relevant answers,its rate of the processing is very great.While extracting answers in intelligent question answering system,synonymy and polysemy can bring about losing correct answers or extracting wrong answers.In order to solve these problems,adopts a method based on weighted latent semantic analysis model to measure similarity between sentences.Aiming at specific intelligent question answering system,the calculating of weight reflecting relevance between words is improved.With some frequently answering questions,the results show that this method is better than vector space model obviously.


The inverse kinematics is the most important part of serial robot kinematics. In view of the fact that to get the analytic solutions of the robot inverse kinematics must meet special conditions. This paper used simulated annealing particle swarm algorithm to get the optimal solutions of inverse kinematics without any special conditions. This method is not affected by the structure of the robot. Similar optimization algorithm can just obtain one of the solutions. In this optimization algorithm, all the inverse solutions can be identified and the most appropriate one can be selected. Simulation results show that, the algorithm can be effectively applied to the serial robot inverse kinematics, and is able to achieve sufficient accuracy.


Mobile and wireless traffic volume is expected to increase a thousand-fold over the next decade. The traffic explosion will be driven by the massive increase in the number of the connected devices; forecasts predict 50 billion devices to be connected to the cloud by 2020 and all need to access and share data, anywhere and anytime [1-2]. Moreover, new machine-centric applications will be complementing the traditional human-centric applications in order to provide new types of services to the users and achieve the networked society vision. The wide range of expected applications will lead to a large diversity of requirements and use-cases that cannot be handled solely by existing technologies [3]. The future mobile and wireless communication systems beyond 2020 will have to respond to these societal challenges, by increasing capacity and by improving efficiency in energy, cost and spectrum utilization as well as by providing better scalability for handling the increasing number of the connected devices. In this paper, we will describe the way METIS (Mobile and wireless communications Enablers for the Twenty-twenty Information Society) project intend to address the future challenges of the information connected society [4]. An overview of the project goals is first given before outlining the relevant technology components and the research topics investigated to build the overall architecture of the next generation system, "5G".


[Ir4(CO)11(CNBut)] has been prepared and shown (by X-ray crystallography and 13C n.m.r. studies) to be the first example of a derivative of Ir4(CO)12 without bridging carbonyl groups; variable temperature 13C n.m.r. spectra establish carbonyl scrambling via a triply bridged intermediate, i.e., the formal inverse of the C3v→Td scrambling mechanism proposed for [Rh4(CO)12].


The cause and mechanism of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) progression are multifactorial and multigenic in nature. Despite the increasing number of genes found to be linked with NPC, the comprehensive list of associated genetic fac- tors remains incomplete and the precise molecular pathways to this cancer are largely undefined. Here we show early evidence of possible association between several genes and the tumourigenesis of NPC. By employing the GeneFishingTM DEG Technique that allows the comparative analysis of expression profiles between normal and tumour nasopharyngeal biopsy tissues, we have identified 10 differentially expressed genes. These genes were down-regulated in tumours relative to normal control and have never been brought into the context of NPC tumourigenicity. Our findings represent preliminary yet novel clues of several associative genetic factors to neoplastic malignancy of the nasopharynx.


In this study, Beta vulgaris L. var. cicla was grown in cadmium-contaminated soil in a greenhouse. Regulated deficit irrigation was applied using three different irrigation levels (T1: 300 L, T2: 200 L, T3: 100 L per block during each irrigation event during the organogenesis stage; T1 was the control) to examine the effects on phytoremediation efficiency. According to the experimental results, the regulated deficit irrigation treatment (T2) decreased the Beta vulgaris L. var. cicla shoot biomass by 15.8%, increased the Cd concentration in the shoots by 23%, and maintained a constant root-shoot ratio. By contrast, T3 decreased the Beta vulgaris L. var. cicla shoot biomass by 33.0%, decreased the Cd concentration in shoots by 9.8%, and increased the root-shoot ratio by 62.8%. The Cd remediation potential efficiency (PE) of treatment T2 was 5.42 g ha-1 – i.e., 39.7% higher than that of T1 and 61.8% higher than that of T3. This study indicated that regulated deficit irrigation can be used to enhance Cd phytoremediation and save water, but should be applied in a suitable way.


Wave Concept Iterative Procedure WCIP is presented. Based on the transverse wave formulation and on the collection of the information on the interface, the solution is obtained via an iterative procedure instead of an integral equation. Thus, no matrix inversion is required and a convergence is insured independently of the interfaces of the structure. Moreover, no limitations on the shape of patches are imposed. Loaded ring slot resonator FSS are analyzed by the WCIP method where the loads are inserted as surface impedances. The presented method solves for the current density and the electric field on the interface. The iterative procedure is stopped once the convergence is achieved. Important gain in time computation and memory is obtained using Fast Modal Transform (FMT) based on the two dimensional FFT algorithm. The WCIP results are compared to those of the literature and a good agreement is observed.


Background: Health promotion (HP) is getting recognition in most medical school curricula. The aim of this study is to assess students' perception of learning outcomes and the main factors affecting these outcomes . Methods: This was a prospective cross-sectional which involved all year four medical students who completed the population health posting for two successive academic sessions 2011-2012 and 2012-2013. Self-administered questionnaire was used to assess course characteristics, teaching environment and acquired knowledge, skills and attitude. Response to each survey question was described. Structural Equation Modelling was used to test the relation between course characteristics, teaching environment and knowledge, skills and attitude. Path coefficients with corresponding significance test were presented. Results: Three hundred and thirty students with mean age of 22.6 years returned the completed questionnaire. There were about 69.1 % female students and 30.9 % males. Most respondents gave positive feedback regarding course characteristics. However, around 47% were not sure about clarity of the objectives. Students provided favourable responses to the statement evaluating lecturer performance and the class environment including opportunities for learning. Majority of respondents showed favourable response to statement assessing the defined attitude, skills and attitude. Lower higher ratings were observed for statements reflecting respondent autonomy, ability to work in difficult situation and managerial abilities. Path model showed that teaching environment impacted knowledge, skills and attitude, while course characteristic impacted the gained attitude only . Conclusions: Health promotion program is perceived to be sufficient to prepare students for professional life. Teaching environment had more impact on learning outcomes.


The centenary of the 1911 or 'Xinhai' Revolution has been marked by a resurgence of interest in the work of Dr Sun Yat-sen and his revolutionary cohorts in bringing about the downfall of the Manchu dynasty and the founding of the modern Chinese nation. Every facet of the Revolution has been examined in minute detail, from the initial uprising in Wuchang and the domino-like succession of disturbances in the various provinces until the formal establishment of the Republic and the abdication of the last emperor. These studies have used all manner of historical evidence, ranging from contemporary documents from the official archives and later published accounts by the revolutionaries themselves to photographic records and everyday items used in 1911-12. These centenary publications are understandably focused on the Chinese people and their response to the events of October 1911, but what is sometimes forgotten is that the 1911 Revolution also had a significant impact on the thousands of foreigners who were living in China at the time, with many of them being forced to retreat from the interior regions to the safety of the treaty ports as the revolutionaries took control of central and provincial governments. Britons, Europeans and Americans resident in China recorded their reactions to the Revolution


Psychological capital defined as the optimistic and developmental state of an individual.(Luthans et al.,
2007)predicting a wide range of work-related behavioural and attitudinal outcomes and beingpositively
associated with health, performance, satisfaction etc., and negatively associated with anxiety, depression,
substance use etc."Self-Fulfilling Prophecy" or "Pygmalion effect", is that which one person expects of
another, which can come to serve as a self-fulfilling prophecy" (Rosenthal & Jacobson, 1968). In the field of
educational psychologySelf-Fulfilling Prophecy or Pygmalion effect determines the impact of teacher's
behaviour on the student's academic performance whereas Psychological capital measures an individual's
state of mind of student. The study is unique since it aims to analyse the impact of an internal factor (psycap)
and an external factor (Pygmalion effect) on the student's academic performance wherein the students are
categorized into two groups namely high achievers and low achievers based on their academic results. This
study aims to identify how educationists can use Neural Networking to understand the impact of the
predictors' namely internal factor (Psychological capital) and external factor (Self Fulfilling Prophecy) on
students' academic performance.The results showed that the most powerful predictor of Pygmalion effect is
Teacher's Supportive Behaviour and of Psychological Capita is resilence.


. Generational differences in th balance of power contribute tc varying patterns of influence s ategy use within cohorts cf young, middle-aged, and cider adults. The self-report Likelihood of Influence Tactic ,Use Scale was administered to 10 males and 10 females in each of three cohort groups tc investigate the influenCe tactics used at different age levels. Respondents rated their likelitiocd to use influence tactics in intimate, 4arent, child and test-friend elationships. Younger adults were Most likely to use influence tactics in all relationships. Middle-aged adults used influence most with their children. Older adults uped influence tactics most in their intimate relationships. Inditect/emoticnal strategies ve;e employed more frequently by females. Adult children andolalderly pgrents had difficulty directly influencing each other and resorted to indirect/emoticnal strategies. All cohorts used " direct rational strategies Most often With friends, less often with oi intima es and least often with parents. Overall, there vas much siva l ity in influence styles by cohorts, genders and in relationships. results suggest-that influencing is a function of both culturally socialized behavioral predispositions and the -power . differvtial of individuals in a relationship. (Author/NRB). *****************************************'****************************** Reproductions supplied by EDRS are the best (that can be made frcm the original document. ,************************************************4**********************


Learning to program involves the application of programming language features to the solving of novel problems, and the experience of educators suggests that it is this factor that causes novice programmers the most difficulty. Because software patterns are descriptions of common problems and their solution written in a standardised format that facilitates reuse, their use in the novice context is indicated. An earlier paper (Porter & Calder 2003) suggested and demonstrated a process for applying patterns to problems that derives from the relationships between patterns in a pattern language suitable for novice programmers. This paper reports on the feasibility of testing the idea.


Abstract. Wildfires cause substantial losses to socio-economic and
natural assets, especially in Mediterranean climate regions. Despite human
activity being the main cause of wildfires in Mediterranean European countries,
lightning-ignited wildfires should also be considered a major disruptive
agent as they can trigger large fires. In addition, recent studies on the
potential climate change effects on wildfires pointed out that
lightning-ignited wildfires may gain relevance in Mediterranean areas in the
years to come. The present study analyses the synoptical weather patterns
favouring lightning-ignited wildfires in Catalonia (NE Iberian Peninsula).
Being able to identify areas with an elevated lightning-ignition survival at
daily timescales would be of great assistance to wildfire management
agencies, i.e. locating ignitions and potential holdover fires, preparing
for days with multiple ignitions or routing detection flight paths. It is
worth noticing that one of the reasons that lightning-caused wildfires are
difficult to manage is that they can survive for several days after the
ignition, emerging days later once surface vegetation becomes dry enough to
support sustained combustion. For this reason, in a first step, a reliable
lightning–wildfire association is needed to properly identify the date and
time of the fire starter for each wildfire. Afterwards, the circulation types
on the days of ignition are analysed. The study relies on a dataset of 870
lightning-ignited wildfires, gathered by the Forest Protection Agency of the
autonomous government of Catalonia between 2005 and 2020. Lightning data were
provided by the Lightning Location System operated by the Meteorological
Service of Catalonia. Results show that lightning-ignited wildfires in
Catalonia are related to a typical synoptic weather pattern dominated by a
short-wave trough at 500 hPa, with three distinct associations: an Iberian
thermal low (51 % of the fires), a northern flow (24 %) and
prefrontal convection (13 %).


In this paper we continue the work that we began in [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="b6">6</xref>]. Given <inline-formula><tex-math id="M1">\begin{document}$ 1<p<N $\end{document}</tex-math></inline-formula>, two measurable functions <inline-formula><tex-math id="M2">\begin{document}$ V\left(r \right)\geq 0 $\end{document}</tex-math></inline-formula> and <inline-formula><tex-math id="M3">\begin{document}$ K\left(r\right)> 0 $\end{document}</tex-math></inline-formula>, and a continuous function <inline-formula><tex-math id="M4">\begin{document}$ A(r) >0 $\end{document}</tex-math></inline-formula> (<inline-formula><tex-math id="M5">\begin{document}$ r>0 $\end{document}</tex-math></inline-formula>), we consider the quasilinear elliptic equation

<disp-formula>  <tex-math id="FE1"> \begin{document}$ -\mathrm{div}\left(A(|x| )|\nabla u|^{p-2} \nabla u\right) +V\left( \left| x\right| \right) |u|^{p-2}u = K(|x|) f(u) \quad \text{in }\mathbb{R}^{N}, $\end{document} </tex-math></disp-formula>

where all the potentials <inline-formula><tex-math id="M6">\begin{document}$ A,V,K $\end{document}</tex-math></inline-formula> may be singular or vanishing, at the origin or at infinity. We find existence of nonnegative solutions by the application of variational methods, for which we need to study the compactness of the embedding of a suitable function space <inline-formula><tex-math id="M7">\begin{document}$ X $\end{document}</tex-math></inline-formula> into the sum of Lebesgue spaces <inline-formula><tex-math id="M8">\begin{document}$ L_{K}^{q_{1}}+L_{K}^{q_{2}} $\end{document}</tex-math></inline-formula>. The nonlinearity has a double-power super <inline-formula><tex-math id="M9">\begin{document}$ p $\end{document}</tex-math></inline-formula>-linear behavior, as <inline-formula><tex-math id="M10">\begin{document}$ f(t) = \min \left\{ t^{q_1 -1}, t^{q_2 -1} \right\} $\end{document}</tex-math></inline-formula> with <inline-formula><tex-math id="M11">\begin{document}$ q_1,q_2>p $\end{document}</tex-math></inline-formula> (recovering the power case if <inline-formula><tex-math id="M12">\begin{document}$ q_1 = q_2 $\end{document}</tex-math></inline-formula>). With respect to [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="b6">6</xref>], in the present paper we assume some more hypotheses on <inline-formula><tex-math id="M13">\begin{document}$ V $\end{document}</tex-math></inline-formula>, and we are able to enlarge the set of values <inline-formula><tex-math id="M14">\begin{document}$ q_1 , q_2 $\end{document}</tex-math></inline-formula> for which we get existence results.


Main parameters of a Linac*VLHC based ep collider are estimated and compared with resently suggested ep collider in the VLHC tunnel.


Facebook's Open Compute Project lets the community benefit from and contribute to improvements in power and water usage effectiveness, cost, and operation.


In the present study rhizobacteria isolated from tomato rhizosphere of South Andaman were analysed for their biochemical characters, antagonistic activity test and genetic diversity using molecular tool PCR-RFLP. The biochemical characterization showed most of the isolates as plant growth promoting as depicted by IAA production, siderophore production and phosphate utilisation. However level of these biochemical production significantly varies with in rhizosphere. Antagonistic activity of these isolates were tested against single but one of major fungal plant pathogen i.e. Sclerotium rolfsii by dual culture on PDA plate. Level of antagonism ranges from 13–47%. PCR-RFLP of 16s rDNA amplified by PA and PH primers shows largely homogenous population distributed randomly at 57% similarity. The 16s rDNA gene sequencing and BLAST similarity search showed that these isolates belongs to genus Bacillus and Pseudomonas. The present study has resulted in the isolation of plant growth promoting and antagonistic Bacillus spp. and Pseudomonas spp. isolates that can be utilised for sustainable agriculture production.


Three-dimensional chemical transport models (CTMs) have been widely used in a wide variety of scientific studies (e.g., to obtain a better understanding of tracer transport and to study the dynamical and chemical processes which control polar ozone losses etc). However, there are still some uncertainties in the model simulations and indeed in our understanding. For example, the accuracy of ozone simulations largely depends on the transport, chemistry and treatment of PSCs in the model as well as the forcing files.

Here we have used a  CTM model TOMCAT/SLIMCAT with a detailed description of stratospheric and tropospheric chemistry forced by differnt wind fields (ECMWF ERA-Interim and ERA5 reanalysis datasets) to investigate the different dynamical fields on the simulated tracer transport, ozone and other chemical species. Both simulations have been run from 1979 to 2018. First we will assess the impact of different reanalysis data on the idealised tracers when the model includes additional process of the gravitational separation of gases (e.g., Ar/N2) and compare the model results with dataset of gravitational fractionation of Ar/N2 and AoA observations made on flask samples from three airborne research projects. Modelled AoA will be also compared with MIPAS data.  Then we will focus on the polar ozone loss from late 1990 to 2018 and quntify
the amount of chemical ozone loss using both models and satellite observations as well as  SAOZ measurements. The year-to-year variation of polar ozone depletion will also be discussed, in particular for the recent years of decreasing stratospheric chlorine loading.


In this paper, the performance of the moving average and moving median load estimation techniques is investigated using aggregated measurements of domestic smart meters. The load estimation techniques were tested using forward and backward walk approaches. Forward walk aims to estimate future load measurements using past measurements while backward walk estimates missing past measurements of the load using more recent measurements. Simulation results show that the moving average combined with forward walk produces load estimates with higher accuracies than the moving median and backward walk.


For the authors, the Microsoft I and II cases are not tying cases, but rather disguised refusal-to-supply cases. As there was no clear evidence of coercion in both cases, the Commission plugged the hole with behavioural economics—but did so, for the authors, unconvincingly. The outcome of the two cases demonstrate that the remedies proposed by the Commission did not address the harm which was supposedly created.


In this paper, a novel piezoelectric film based ultrasonic microspeaker array is proposed. The SiO2/Pt/Pb(Zr,Ti)O3 /Pt/Ti/SiO2 multimorph structure has been designed and fabricated using silicon based micro-machining process. The membrane size of the single transducer cell is 1000times1000times2.5 mum 3, and the main resonance frequency is located near 68kHz. The performance of directivity is a very important parameter in microspeaker array. Especially in ultrasonic applications, a good transmitting directivity of microspeaker array is indispensable. Dissimilar arrangement of the cells in transducer array could cause different directivity performance. After comparison, when achieving a good transmitting directivity, the square combined plane array has the smallest array area. In addition, the directivity patterns of different planes vertical to the microspeaker array plane are also discussed


The superb weather during growing period produced a high yield and a high quality of wheat and two-rowed barley in northern Kyushu in 1999. The crop situation index and the average yield in Fukuoka Prefecture were 132 and 447 g/m2 for wheat and 118 and 398 g/m2 for two-rowed barley, respectively, the second highest since 1945. Furthermore, the inspection grade became higher because of the increase of well-developed grains. Wheat's high yield was caused by an increase in the number of ears and 1, 000-grain weight in response to a low precipitation during the growing period and sufficient sunshine hours during the ripening period. Two-rowed barley's high yield was caused by a increase in the number of ears and well-developed grains in response to sufficient sunshine hours during the ripening period. The yield and apparent quality of wheat were improved by a recduction of the first top dressing of nitrogen at the tillering stage and a thin sowing in early sowing culture in abnormally warm and dry weather. In terms of cultivar, the good yield was caused by a wide diffusion of the high yielding and quality wheat cultivar Chikugoizumi.


The nose is one of the most important aesthetic units of the face. After a traumatic amputation, replantation is undoubtedly the procedure of choice, although, technically, very challenging. We report the 10-year follow-up of a partially digested nose replantation after a dog-bite in an 11-year-old boy using supermicrosurgery technique. Our report confirms that the microsurgical replantation of the nose can lead to an acceptable aesthetic result, with the sufficient growth of the replanted part in the following years. Besides the patient did not report sensibility disorders. The nose replantation in our opinion is the best reconstructive option to achieve an optimal aesthetic and functional outcome. Key Word: nose replantation, supermicrosurgery, lateral nasal artery, venous congestion, dog bite (Ann Plast Surg 2015;75: 585–587) D og bites, specifically to the nose area, can present as seemingly severe trauma. However, despite initial appearances, sometimes, there is not as much soft tissue loss as originally imagined. These injuries disrupt multiple aesthetic subunits, making primary repair difficult, inadvisable, or impossible. The nose is one of the most important aesthetic units of the face. After traumatic amputation, replantation is undoubtedly the procedure of choice, although technically very challenging. We report on a 10-year follow-up of a partially digested nose replantation after a dog-bite in an 11-year-old boy using supermicrosurgery technique.


Architecture search optimizes the structure of a neural network for some task instead of relying on manual authoring. However, it is slow, as each potential architecture is typically trained from scratch. In this paper we present an approach called Conceptual Expansion Neural Architecture Search (CENAS) that combines a sample-efficient, computational creativity-inspired transfer learning approach with neural architecture search. This approach finds models faster than naive architecture search via transferring existing weights to approximate the parameters of the new model. It outperforms standard transfer learning by allowing for the addition of features instead of only modifying existing features. We demonstrate that our approach outperforms standard neural architecture search and transfer learning methods in terms of efficiency, performance, and parameter counts on a variety of transfer learning tasks.


Abstract Gold is a noble metal with very good chemical resistance. It also does not become oxidized in water or air. Pure gold has a bright yellow color and shine, and it is a heavy, but soft metal with huge plasticity and ductility. For many years, gold and its alloys have been recognized as being great prosthetic material in dental practice. In current dentistry, the progress in materials science and galvanoforming techniques have made it possible to create precise restorations utilizing this metal. This pertains both to fixed and removable dentures. Galvanized gold has a range of advantages, among these being biocompatibility, proper marginal tightness, endurance, its esthetic design and the fact that it boasts bacteriostatic features.


To reduce the induction voltage in the metal sheath, cross-bonded grounding is a widely adopted method in long-distance high voltage power cables, but this introduces challenges to the online monitoring and diagnosis of cable insulation. An online monitoring and diagnosis method for cable insulation based on the analysis of resistive current is proposed in this paper. A theoretical formula for the separation between leakage current and sheath current was derived, and a theoretical formula for the separation between resistive current and leakage current was obtained. An equivalent circuit of a three-phase long distance cable was established using the MATLAB/Simulink platform. The simulation was used to model three typical faults: cable insulation deterioration, open sheath circuit faults, and the sheath breakdown of intermediate joint faults. The results show that the method can be used to monitor each cable's insulation state under metal sheath cross-bonded, and it also can determine the open sheath circuit faults and fault joint location using the measured current values by the corresponding current sensors increases significantly. Based on the analyses, diagnostic criteria are established for different types of cable faults and fault locations.


The main thesis of this essay is that the inter-religious dialogue gives us some unique mechanisms for protecting and implementing human rights. This alternative way of implementation of the basic provisions of the international human rights law includes several practices. Among them there are organizing demonstrations, infor- mational campaigns, lobby campaigns for the ratification of certain legal means, monitoring, educational programs, declarations etc. These activities define the inter-religious dialogue movement as a civil society phenom- enon that acts both at the level of international and local NGOs on the one hand, and at the level of the high religious authorities on the other. In this regard, in order to illustrate the inter-religious potential for accomplishing the protection and the implementation of the interna- tional standards, the analysis encompasses the relations between different religious systems as well as between the religious bodies and the state itself.


Polysilanes having oxyethylenic side chains, {CH3-Si-CH2CH2CH2O(CH2CH2O)mR1}n where (m = 0,1,2,3) and R1 = CH3 and C2H5, have been prepared. A polysilane of m = 3 and R = CH3 is soluble in alcohols, acetonitrile, and water. Surface tensions of these polysilanes are larger than those of the polysilanes ever reported. While dispersion component stays almost constant(ca. 30–40 dyn/cm), polar component increases with increasing oxygen atom numbers in the side chain. Copolymers also keep the high values of surface tension.


Here is an instant source of over 1,000 carefully chosen stories, anecdotes, and jokes you can use to add spice, humor, and emotion to your next speech or presentation.


Abstract: This article shows how emergency humanitarian food relief efforts fitted into the gradual establishment of French imperial occupation in Syria-Lebanon between 1915 and 1925. It argues that we should grasp the years from 1915–1925 as a unit - a distinctively transformative "occupation decade" in the Middle East, as the Ottoman Empire was replaced by the League of Nations Mandate system. It contributes thereby to current debates on the scope and chronology of the First World War. It also engages with a central question in the historiography of modern humanitarianism – the idea of emergency relief and socio-economic development as "dual modes" of humanitarianism, and concludes that state and non-state humanitarian relief are not easily separated.


The purpose of this study was to investigate the influence of factors of company size, asset structure, ownership structure and the capital structure and know probability Which factors most influence on the company's capital structure at the food sector listed on the Stock Exchange the period 2012-2014.
Quantitative methods used in reasert. Secondary data obtained from the company's financial statements sector Company food periode years 2012-2014 on the Stock Exchange of research Indonesia.The taken by purposive sampling in order to obtain a sample of 20 responden.Technique data analysis uses multiple linear regression analysis.
Results obtained by t test variable firm size has no effect on the capital structure p signifikan value 0.328> 0.05; variable profitability has negative and significant effect on the capital structure with a p value 0.000 <0.05; variable asset structure has a significant influence on the capital structure with significant value 0.024 <0,05.Hasil coefficient of determination (R2) note that the adjusted R-square (R2) of 0.474, meaning variation variable capital structure changes can be explained by the variable size of the company, profitabilias and the structure of assets amounted to 47.4%. While the rest sebesar52,6% explained by other variables outside the model.


Abstract 1245

Poster Board I-267

Introduction Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) patients with del(11q) by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) have a poor prognosis. These patients often have younger age of onset, bulky lymphadenopathy, and short clinical response to treatment with purine analogues. Deletion of 11q in CLL is thought to involve loss-of-function of ataxia-telangiectasia mutated (ATM), a protein kinase central to DNA damage responses. As part of a larger study of early-intermediate stage, high risk CLL patients, we applied whole genome copy number variation (CNV) analysis to characterize the genomic alterations in CLL patients with and without del(11q) by FISH.

Patients and Methods We studied 17 patients aged 29-67 with early-intermediate stage, untreated CLL who had high risk for disease progression based on evaluation of molecular and immunophenotypic markers. Of these patients, six had del(11q) by FISH analysis. No patients in this study had del(11q) as a sole FISH abnormality. CLL cells and normal cells were separated by magnetic bead selection from patient peripheral blood samples with absolute lymphocyte counts that ranged from 7.4 to 106 × 109/L. CNV analysis was performed on purified genomic DNA from the CLL cells and from normal cells for each patient in order to distinguish acquired CNVs in malignant cells from polymorphic CNVs in the human genome. We used the Illumina human660w-quad beadchip, a single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP)-based microarray for whole-genome genotyping and CNV analysis that contains more than 550,000 tag SNPs and approximately 100,000 additional markers that target regions of common CNV. CNV data was analyzed using CNV partition (Illumina Genome Studio software) and PennCNV.

Results CNV analysis reveals hemizygous deletions of 11q in all 6 patients positive for del(11q) by FISH. The size of the deletion varies from ∼980 Kb to ∼44 Mb. All deletions include the region of the ATM gene at 11q22.3. No large homozygous deletions of 11q were detected. The three largest interstitial deletions (∼39 Mb, ∼41 Mb, ∼44 Mb) span 11q14.1-q23.3. A slightly smaller deletion of ∼33 Mb spans 11q14.2-q23.3. One deletion of ∼8.6 Mb covers 11q22.1-q22.3. The smallest deletion of ∼980 Kb is found within 11q22.3, centered on the ATM gene. Three out of 6 patients show complex interstitial deletions of 11q that consist of two or more discontinuous segments of loss of heterozygosity (LOH) separated by short undeleted regions. Five out of 6 patients with 11q deletions also show 13q hemizygous deletion by CNV analysis and by FISH. In 4 of these patients, the 11q and 13q interstitial deletions are the only acquired CNV events detected in the CLL genome. In one patient with 11q and 13q interstitial deletions, CNV analysis also shows chromosome 12 copy number (CN)=3 (also detected by FISH), CN=3 at 3q24-telomere (tel), and LOH events consistent with hemizygous deletion at 11p13 and 7p15.2-tel. Most noteworthy are 2 patients negative for any FISH abnormality who show copy-neutral LOH of most of 11q. The region of copy-neutral LOH includes 11q12-tel in one patient and 11q13.1-tel in the other patient. The copy-neutral LOH event involves close to 100% of the CLL cells in one patient, but only about 50% of the CLL cells in the other patient.

Conclusions Whole genome CNV analysis by SNP-based microarrays greatly expands our ability to detect acquired genomic events in CLL cells and provides a powerful tool for CLL clinical research. Applying this new genomic technology to CLL patients with 11q deletions reveals marked complexity in the size and structure of hemizygous deletion events, which include the region of the ATM gene at 11q22.3 and can be discontinuous, indicative of complex genomic events. We identified copy-neutral LOH of 11q in 2 patients, a finding not previously described in CLL cells. Copy-neutral LOH of 11q is a genetic mechanism by which biallelic mutations of ATM , in cooperation with the loss of other tumor suppressor genes on 11q, may contribute to poor outcomes in some CLL patients without detectable FISH abnormalities. Additional studies, including sequencing of the ATM gene in 11q copy-neutral LOH patients, are required to confirm this hypothesis.

Disclosures Shanafelt: Genentech, Hospira, Polyphenon E International, Celgene, Cephalon, Bayer Health Care Pharmaceuticals: Research Funding. Kay: Genentech, Celgene, Hospira, Polyphenon Pharma, Sanofi-Aventis: Research Funding; Biogenc-Idec, Celgene, Genetech, Genmab: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees. Zent: Genentech: Research Funding; Bayer: Research Funding; Genzyme: Research Funding; Novartis: Research Funding.


Continuous casting of steel is currently a predominant production method of steel, which is used for more than 95% of the total world steel production. An effort of steelmakers is to cast high-quality steel with a desired structure and with a minimum number of defects, which reduce the productivity. The paper presents our developed GPU-based heat transfer and solidification model for continuous casting, which is coupled with a submodel used for the prediction of the steel micro-structure. The model is implemented in CUDA/C++, which allows for rapid computing on NVIDIA GPUs. The time-dependent temperature distribution calculated by the thermal model is iteratively passed to the submodel for the steel micro-structure prediction. The structural submodel determines the spatially-dependent rates of temperature change in the strand, for which the interdendritic solidification model IDS predicts the micro-structure of steel. The paper presents preliminary simulation results for the steel grade used for pressure vessel plates, which is sensitive to rapid cooling rates.Copyright © 2015 by ASME


Behavioural and psychological symptoms of dementia (BPSD) are associated with considerable burden to patients with dementia and their caregivers. Formal caregivers in residential care settings face different challenges when delivering care.


This essay suggests that Douglas Livingstone"s long poem "A Littoral Zone" (1991), an explicit conversation between his work as an environmental scientist and his work as a poet, makes for a poetic statement that is, in various senses of the word, ecological. The sequence of poems draws extensively on scientific research in the field of bacteriology, is minutely located in "place", evokes a secular sacramentalism in its representation of ecological interconnectedness, and situates the present moment in the context of deep time. In all, Livingstone"s distinctive stance involves a tough, tender negotiation between irony, equanimity, wonder, and a sense of critical environmental urgency. Read twenty years later, his view of the South Coast littoral and of the world in which it is situated, seems prescient.


Josephson junctions are especially useful devices for studying exotic superconducting materials, because the transmission of superconductivity through a junction depends on the difference in phase of the superconducting order parameter across the junction. We present the results of two measurements which involve the fabrication of Josephson junctions on unconventional high-temperature superconductors to study the physical processes which govern novel superconducting states within these materials. The first experiment involves measuring the current-phase relation (CPR) of La2−xBaxCuO4 (LBCO)-Au-Nb Josephson junctions. Using two independent measurement methods, we observe a clear sin(2φ) component of the CPR, a signature of pair-density wave (PDW) order. This component is strongest at x=0.125 doping, where PDW order is believed to be strongest, and increases in magnitude with temperature as conventional superconductivity is suppressed. Likewise, at x=0.155 doping, where PDW order is not expected to dominate, the CPR primarily contains the conventional sin(φ) term. Together, these results provide strong support to the prediction that charge, spin and superconducting order intertwine to form a pair-density wave state in LBCO near x=1/8 doping. In the second experiment, we perform Josephson interferometry measurements of the superconducting order parameter of La2xSrxCuO4 (LSCO) in the heavily overdoped (x>0.25) regime. Combining experimental measurements and simulations of Ic(Φ), we find evidence for granular superconductivity and circulating currents in LSCO near criticality.


I. INTRODUCTION TO LONG-TERM CARE: THE FACILITY AND THE NURSING ASSISTANT. 1. Introduction to Long-Term Care. 2. The Nursing Assistant in the Long-Term Care Facility. 3. Ethical and Legal Concerns. 4. Restorative Care: Promoting Resident Independence. II. INFECTION CONTROL AND SAFETY CONSIDERATIONS. 5. Infection Control. 6. Safety in the Long-Term Care Facility. 7. First Aid and Emergency Care. III. COMMUNICATION SKILLS IN LONG-TERM CARE. 8. Using Communication Skills. 9. Using the Language of Medicine and Using Computers. IV. THE RESIDENT IN LONG-TERM CARE. 10. The Resident. 11. Body Structure and Function: Changes of Aging. 12. Common Health Problems of the Elderly Resident. 13. Psychosocial Needs of the Resident. V. THE RESIDENT'S ENVIRONMENT. 14. The Resident's Unit. 15. Bedmaking. 16. Admission, Transfer, and Discharge. VI. PROVIDING BASIC CARE. 17. Moving and Exercising Residents. 18. Restorative Skin Care: Prevention of Pressure Sores. 19. Personal Care and Hygiene. 20. Measuring Vital Signs. 21. Nutrition and Dining. 22. Fluid Balance. 23. Elimination. VII. CARE OF THE RESIDENT WITH SPECIAL NEEDS. 24. Specific Types of Care and Procedures. 25. Subacute Care. 26. Coping with Death and Dying. REFERENCE SECTION. Surveys: Assuring Quality Care. Glossary. Anatomy and Physiology Illustrations. Index.


DEFINITION OF PAIN Pain is not just a sensation, but rather an "experience" that includes both sensory-discriminative and motivational-affective components. The International Association for the Study of Pain (IASP) defines pain as "an unpleasant sensory and emotional experience associated with actual or potential tissue damage, or described in terms of such damage". Molony and Kent in 1997 proposed a further definition of pain more specific to animals: "pain is an aversive sensory and emotional experience representing awareness by the animal of damage or threat to the integrity of its tissues...producing a change in physiology and behavior directed to reduce or avoid the damage, reduce the likelihood of recurrence and promote recovery".


Abstact Re-expansion Pulmonary Edema (REPE) is rare complication that occurs mainly after tube thoracostomy in pneumothorax and thoracocentesis in large pleural effusion is attributed to rapid pressure changes in the pleural cavity and free radical injury to the pulmonary vasculature. Usually REPE seen in cases of extensive pneumothorax and large pleural effusion with lung atelectasis of long duration. Authors repot a case of re-expansion pulmonary edema following chest tube insertion in a case of iatrogenic pneumothorax.


The widespread phenomenon of faunal clustering in concretions is examined in examples from the Late Cretaceous Bearpaw Formation of southern Alberta. Concretion-hosted shell clusters have traditionally been interpreted as biologically formed features. In contrast, sedimentologic, taphonomic and faunal evidence in the Bearpaw Formation suggests that shell clustering is inherently related to a common physical control. The clustered nature of the Bearpaw assemblages reflects the accumulation of shells in isolated storm scours. Differences in faunal composition resulted from variations in (1) the mode of scour initiation, (2) the faunal content of sea-floor sediments, and (3) the degree of shell transport experienced during storms. The formation of the isolated scours is attributed to locally augmented erosion in the vicinity of bed defects and objects exposed on the sea floor. The common restriction of fossils to concretions reflects preferred concretion growth around the shell-rich scour fills. Previously described examples of concretion-hosted shell clusters are re-interpreted in light of the scour-fill hypothesis.


This study investigates the dynamic behavior of railway bridges crossed by travelling trains. A simplified formulation was adopted in order to perform a direct analysis of the effects of the parameters involved in the problem. The railway bridge is modelled as a beam, while the trains are modelled as travelling inertial distributed loads. On the basis of typical theory of moving load analysis between bridge and vehicles, finite element model of bridge is established by ANSYS software and solved by transient dynamic analysis. Through the numerical simulation analysis, dynamic response characteristics of the bridge body are acquired when the train passes through the bridge at different position with respect to time. The deformation of the railway bridge subjected to the train load is highly significant, thus it is clear that the dynamic response of the bridge under the moving load must be considered in the process of structural design.


The object of the invention is to provide a development and an improvement of the known sensor assemblies for occupant protection systems, means of this, building on the already known technical components: the detection systems / total support system optimization and improvement of the Assistant variety or number reduction of acceleration-sensitive sensor elements (acceleration sensors) is possible in the satellite sensors for an overall system. An optimization or reduction comes specifically to the vehicle manufacturers for small vehicles contrary, as in the smaller model variants, often the place for mounting a well-known high-end solution does not exist, and yet the benefits of a high-end system variant largely in should be emulated small vehicles.


Based on soil field infiltration test in winter,taking northern extremely cold area——Harbin as example,the effect of frozen depth on infiltration capacity was analyzed.The results showed that frozen soil infiltration capacity was very different from that of unfrozen soil.The infiltration capacity of frozen soil was less than that of unfrozen soil and frozen soil had obvious reduction infiltration characteristic.The research results have practical and theoretical values for guiding to irrigate reasonably in winter and spring,and effectively utilize soil water resources in northern extremely cold area.


A signal–code construction is proposed that ensures a better relationship between decoding reliability and complexity than the classical scheme. The coder is partitioned into several "elementary" binary convolutional coders and the decoder is partitioned into several Viterbi decoders. The transmission of PSK-modulated signals is considered in more detail.


PURPOSE: Two-compartment bottle assemblies useful in preparing multi-purpose compositions containing an ophthalmically acceptable enzyme and disinfectant, methods of preparing these compositions and methods involving the use of these compositions are provided for cleaning and disinfecting of contact lenses. CONSTITUTION: A two-compartment, sterile multi-purpose composition generating bottle assembly for use in cleaning, disinfecting, rinsing and storing a contact lens comprises: a) a bottle containing an aqueous composition; b) a sealed container comprising a break-away membrane and containing an enzyme composition containing an enzyme; and c) an anti-microbial agent in an amount effective to disinfect the lens; wherein the anti-microbial agent is included in either the aqueous composition or the enzyme composition, the container is secured to and partially within the bottle, forming an internally sterile, two-compartment bottle assembly and breaking away the membrane allows for sterile egress of the enzyme composition into the aqueous composition of the bottle, wherein a multi-purpose composition may be formed containing an amount of the enzyme effective to clean the lens and an amount of the anti-microbial agent effective to disinfect the lens.


Abstract : I hypothesize that there are substantial differences in the plasma membrane complement of metastatic vs non- metastatic tumor cells. To test my hypothesis, I prepared plasma membrane proteins from three breast carcinoma cell lines (MDA-MB-435, MDA-MB-23 1 and MCF-7) of differing degrees of invasiveness, and generated 2D polypeptide expression maps. Computer analysis of the 2D polypeptide patterns showed that the two non-metastatic cell lines (MCF-7 and MDA-MB-23 1) displayed 56% similarity in their proteins, whereas MCF-7 and the highly metastatic cell line, MDA-MB-435, displayed only 42% similarity in their proteins. Further analysis showed 81 polypeptide spots to be unique to the 2D gel of the MDA-MB-43 5 cell line. Five of these proteins were identified using techniques of mass spectrometry and database searching. As an additional method of identifying plasma membrane proteins with relevance to tumor progression, I applied the technique of antibody library phage display. I created scFv antibody libraries to the plasma membrane proteins of MCF-7 and MDA-MB-43 5 cells and enriched these libraries for antibodies to cell-surface proteins. By flow cytometry, I identified an individual phage clone that displays an antibody that recognizes a unique protein on the surface of the metastatic cells. The identification of proteins that are unique to metastatic cells will increase our knowledge of the molecular mechanisms that govern tumor progression.


Introduction: Drain valves are usually constructed to control and drain flood, regulate flow, drain tank in critical cases, discharge sediment, and transfer current. Therefore, the study of their hydraulic conditions during design and operation should be considered by researchers and designers. As the height of the dam increases, the flow velocity in the semi-open valves of the dam also increases and as a result, the local pressure decreases, which consequently causes the cavitation phenomenon .The presence of air near the rigid boundaries of the flow greatly reduces the destructive effect of cavitation and therefore the method of aeration and its effects and the percentage of air bubbles in the vicinity of these boundaries to prevent cavitation is one of the points to know the different types of aeration mechanism and bubble placement, and the type of valve according to the flow conditions. As mentioned, one of the phenomena that can endanger the safety of valves is cavitation. In these valves, the two-phase flow of air is transmitted at high speed. Due to the separation of the flow lines, a sharp drop in the downstream values of the valve occurs. Methodology: Siazakh rock dam is located in a place called Siazakh and at the junction of two tributaries of Ghezelozen river named Kaqli and Sheikh Haidar, 7 km from Divandere. The level Developing a General Method for … Results and discussion: After adjusting the head, the service valve was placed in the pre-planned openings and the emergency valve was displaced so much that the most critical situation occurred. The criterion for detecting this critical state is the velocity of air suction from the aeration pipe between the two valves into the duct, which was measured by a hot wire. To measure the air velocity, the hot wire is placed inside the aeration tube in the center of the tube for one minute. After the desired time, the average inlet air velocity is recorded by the hot wire device. The results showed that the most critical situation occurs when the jet passing under the emergency valve hits exactly the lower edge of the service valve. In this case, a severe disturbance occurs between the empty space of the two valves, which causes severe suction of air into the aeration pipe. According to observational experience, this condition is usually achieved when the percentage of emergency valve opening is up to about 5% less than the service valve opening. Conclusion : The results of this study showed that when the emergency valve is broken in a certain opening and consequently the emergency valve enters the circuit, the most critical situation is when the amount of emergency valve opening is equal to the service valve. By measuring the amount of incoming air from the aeration tube in 24 different laboratory modes, and comparing them with different parameters, a relation was provided to determine the aeration coefficient which is a function of the landing number and includes a range between the lower and upper limits of the data. Also, by examining the amount of inlet air flow from the aeration tube for 24 different experiments, it was observed that this amount of air has a relative maximum at two points, the first maximum being related to low openings.


A tailor-designed vanadyl methoxides bearing p-heptoxyphenyl group at the C5 position of the salicylidene template was synthesized and then subjected to LiVO3 to form loosely bound, Li+-encapsulated quadruplexes. Quadruplexes bearing encapsulated Pb(II) ion, topped with five different anion ligands can be synthesized by dynamic metal-ion specific swapping with different Pb(II) salts. And NO3- ligand could be replaced by other anions due to different binding ability. The chiral tetrameric vanadyl(V) cluster complex allows for efficient halogen anion specific transport. These cluster complexes were utilized as chiral dopants (1 wt%) to nematic LC materials. A systematic survey on the changes of helical pitch was performed and determined by Grandjean method in wedge cells viewed under polarized microscope. It was found that anion with similar geometries, with decreasing in Lewis basicity of the couter anion, the four lower rim regions of the resulting cluster (i.e, the four p-heptoxyphenyl groups) getting farther, thus inducing more helical twisting to the nematic LC phase. This information can be asymmetrically amplified to 0.6-27.5 m pitch change in LC phase. A linear correlation was found between the induced helical pitch (Y-axis) and the electronegativity of halide anion (X-axis) was established. Besides, we have prepared a new type of calix[4]arene-based chiral oxidovanadium (V) complexes, which was utilized for asymmetric aerobic oxidation and kinetic resolution of benzyl α-hydroxy-phenyl-acetate. The best results of the resolved alcohol we obtained was 75 % ee at 45 % conversion, when the reaction was performed in chlorobenzene 50 ℃.


This paper is part of a broader research focused on the memory and representations ofthe past in the Lithuanian Community. It intends to demonstrate that the past constitutes a privileged symbolic domain for the construction and reconstruction of identity as well as sense of belonging based in a common origin. Specifically in this work we analyze how the Lithuanian ethnic associations take part in the construction of an ethnic identity from the appropriation of certain memories and speeches, understood like cultural diacritics. We study which "framed" interpretation arises from the Lithuanian ethnic institutions through the commemorative ceremonies that take place there, that is to say, the ritualistic practices through which the Lithuanian community evokes a selected past to recreate a sense of belonging. Therefore, this paper intends to contribute to the migration studies analizyng different topics at the same time, such as ethnicity, identity, memory, uses of the past, incorporating specifically the notion of ritual in its commemorative variant.


Using inspection properties alone it was possible to divide 7 of the two groups defined by Magoon and Claypool. The Umiat No. 4 Simpson Core Test, and the Cape Simpson Area oils fall in the Simpson-Umiat group while the Put River Dalton No. 1, Fish Creek No. 1, and the South Barrow No. 19 oils fall in the Barrow-Prudhoe group. The Barrow No. 20 oil is considered to be a mixture of both eyes, whereas the Seabee No. 1 condensate is anomalous and may represent an entirely different group. Gas chromatographic-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and stable carbon isotope ratios of the whole oil and the oil fractions show concurrence with the above grouping but suggest there may be more of a mixing or continuum of properties than is implied by the concept of grouping. Three of the oils,Dalton,Fish Creek, and the Cape Simpson area, have undergone varying degrees of biodegradiasd have lost their normal alkanes. The Simpson Core Test sample shows evidence of heavy biodegradation (presence of normethyl hopanes), but n-alkanes are still present. This suggests an earlier period of biodegradation followed by subsequent topping up with normal oil. A similar process is suggested to explain the composition of the Dalton oil The majority of the sediment samples had good organic carbon contents (TOC > 1.0 wt.%) but poor hydrocarbon source potentials. This and the general high maturity suggest that oil or gas generation has already occurred in most of the sediments examined, the shallower Torok and pebble shale samples excepted. The presence of inert carbon and the humic nature of most of the samples may be partially responsible for the low potentials observed. The very small amounts of extracted hydrocarbons recovered from the Kingak and Torok in Seabee No. 1 and the Shublik and Echooka formations in Inigok No. 1 were similar in nature and considered to be nonindigenous, probably contaminants.


After approxirnate1y 30 years experience with microprogrammed control concepts, we find ourselves at an interesting turning point leading into the 1980's. Experience with various microprogrammed co ...


Fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) of thyroid plays a significant crucial role in cytopathology worldwide. Thyroid FNAC is extremely useful in identifying a substantial proportion of thyroid nodules as benign and reducing unnecessary surgery for patients with benign disease. The present study was done with the aim of stratifying thyroid cytology smears by The Bethesda System For Reporting Thyroid Cytopathology (TBSRTC) into various diagnostic categories, analyze their cytological features using TBSRTC monograph, convey brief management plan to the clinicians, and correlate with histology of surgical specimens received
Methods: This was a prospective study done on 600 cases of fine needle aspirations of thyroid nodules over a period of two years from July 2013 to June 2015.
Results: Mean age of the patients included in the study was 36 years(11–73) and male to female ratio was 2:6. Out of total 600 cases, 40 cases were non diagnostic (Bethesda Category I), 492 cases were diagnosed as benign (Bethesda category II) and 12 were Bethesda category III while 41 cases were categorized as either malignant or suspicious for malignancy (Bethesda category V and VI). Histopathologic correlation was available in 113 cases.
Conclusion: TBSRTC is an excellent reporting system for thyroid cytopathology. It also provides clear management guidelines to clinicians to go for follow up FNA or surgery and also the extent of surgery.


T  the first part of a special issue of Sign Language Studies devoted to the topic of dictionaries and lexicography—how dictionaries are made and their importance to the language communities they represent. The second part of the special issue will appear in SLS volume , number . With one exception, all of the articles were presented at the Gallaudet University Press Institute Conference on Dictionaries and the Standardization of Languages, which took place at Gallaudet University in November . The article by Ernst Thoutenhoofd was received by the editor independently, but because it deals with a problem, notation, that is at the heart of sign language lexicography, we decided to include it with the articles from the conference in this issue. One can argue that dictionaries are particularly important to minority language communities, especially signing communities, because they have historically served to lend legitimacy to the languages they document. However, these sorts of dictionaries may be doubleedged swords depending upon who controls their production. The articles presented here form the first part of a special issue that deals with very general issues in lexicography and dictionary making. The article by Simon Winchester is a summary of remarks he made to open the Gallaudet conference and concerns the making of what is arguably the world's greatest dictionary, the Oxford English Dictionary. This is followed by an article on frame semantics by


We solve the contact equivalence problem for generalised sub-Laplacians on $\He^2$ and show that the family of sub-Laplacians on $\He^2$ modulo contact equivalence, is parameterised by $\R^+$


To simplify the prove process of Mean Value Theorem by constructing a accessorial function, and puts forward some noticeable questions in application by constructing two examples. First, it is pointed out in Mean Value Theorem that the mid—value exists, but it is not metioned how to seek after the mid-value. Second, the mid—value relates to not only the function itself but also the endpoints a and b. Third, it is not certain that the mid—value varies continuously while the endpoints vary continuously.


: With the continuous development of economic globalization, the links between countries have become increasingly close. With the support of Internet technology, cross-border e-commerce has risen rapidly and become a new form of international trade. At present, the market scale of cross-border e-commerce is expanding; the infrastructure is improving; the policy environment is well; the development prospect is broad. However, the cross-border e-commerce marketing mode is single; the phenomenon of homogeneous services is serious, and the e-commerce operators are scarce, which is difficult to meet the diversified needs of the market. Therefore, we should actively explore new marketing channels, innovate marketing methods, speed up the construction of independent brands, build professional marketing teams, and occupy a place in the fierce international competition.


One of the established conjuring tricks of a discussion of this sort is to flatter your audience by pretending that they fully understand the meaning of your central concepts. This way, you exonerate yourself from explaining them, and perhaps thereby conduct the rest of the inquiry in a dark cloud of unknowing. Therefore, to change the figure, in order not to be pulling mythical rabbits from hitherto concealed hats, I propose to put my rabbits on the table ab initio and to reveal my sleeves as empty of all but my arms, by setting before you in a fit of generosity, if not also of madness, a definition. It is a definition of religious education, one from which I shall endeavour to extract what I have to say on the theme. Here it is:


The paper describes the phonologic system and its features and its classification of the Xialihua in Yangshan County, Guangdong Province.


The effects of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-compatible ultrasound (US) probes on MRI monitoring were evaluated. It was found that MRI-compatible US probes with backing material containing 100 ppm ferrite, did not disturb MR monitoring except within a few mm radius from the US probe's position. MRI temperature monitoring of an excised swine liver irradiated with a high-intensity focused US beam from an MRI-compatible therapeutic transducer with US image guidance was then performed, and the potential usefulness of such a therapeutic system in minimally invasive therapy was demonstrated.


A system where harmonics that appear on the computing voltage source of a servo analogue computer may be cancelled out in the summing network of the servo amplifier is described. This is accomplished by the injection of harmonics into the quadrature rejection circuit of the servo system.


Background: Ensuring that prescriptions are complete, legible, and in line with good prescribing practice is essential to optimizing outcomes of medication therapy. Objectives: To assess the completeness and legibility of prescriptions, and prescribing practice at Niger Delta University Health Centre (NDUHC) and Amassoma Comprehensive Health Centre (ACHC), two primary health care centres, in Bayelsa State, Nigeria. Methods: In this retrospective study, 344 and 303 prescriptions written at NDUHC and ACHC, respectively from January 01 to December 31, 2018 were randomly selected and assessed for presence of relevant components and their legibility and prescribing pattern was assessed using the WHO indicator study. All data generated were analyzed and presented appropriately. Results: At NDUHC and ACHC, 309 (89.8%) and 297 (98.0%) prescriptions were dated while 311 (90.4%) and 84 (27.7%) had the symbol Rx, respectively. Most of the prescriptions were duly signed, but the prescriber's name was missing in 148 (43.0%) and 302 (99.7%) prescriptions, while the designation was absent in 222 (64.5%) and 91 (30.0%) at NDUHC and ACHC, respectively. All patient-related information excluding patient's age and weight were present in all prescriptions at ACHC but not for NDUHC. Prescriptions that were clearly legible were 24 (7.9%) and 239 (69.5%) from ACHC and NDUHC respectively. On the average, 3.91±1.35 and 4.92±1.36 drugs were prescribed per encounter at NDUHC and ACHC, respectively. Conclusion: Compliance with completeness and legibility of prescriptions at the two health facilities were grossly unsatisfactory. Only injections prescribing conformed to appropriate prescribing practice at the two centres.


Part I The Global Approach to Marketing Chapter 1 The nature of international marketing Introduction to international marketing Reasons for marketing abroad Exporting Notes Chapter 2 Strategic considerations in international marketing Strategy Competitive advantage Investment in products and markets International marketing planning Control and coordination The environments of international marketing The economic and political environment The cultural environment Legal aspects of international marketing Organization of MNCs Selecting the best structure Part II The Trading Environment Chapter 3 International trade The balance of payments Barriers to international trade The World Trade Organization Countertrade Chapter 4 Regional analysis techniques Regional analysis of world markets Regional economic groupings Chapter 5 North Atlantic countries The Americas Europe Chapter 6 China, the Pacific Rim, Japan and Oceania China The Pacific Rim Japan Oceania Chapter 7 Third World countries Marketing in the Third world Selling to the Third World Why sell to the Third World? Latin America The Indian subcontinent Africa Important African countries the Middle East Doing business in the Arab Middle East Important Middle Eastern countries Part III Organizing for International Markets Chapter 8 International marketing research The function of marketing research Information needs The marketing information system The research programme Marketing research in the Third World Organizing research Chapter 9 Market screening techniques Choosing markets Identifying appropriate markets Market segmentation Chapter 10 Entering international markets The decision-taking process Agents and distributors Licensing and franchising Brands and subsidiaries International marketing through the Internet Foreign manufacturing Joint ventures Human resource aspects The process of internationalization The global company Chapter 11 Export methods and procedures Deciding to export Transport Documenting a consignment Cargo insurance Customs declarations Credit insurance Finance of foreign trade Factoring and forfeiting Appendix - the export plan Chapter 12 International and global products The nature of international product policy Product positioning Time-based competition Standardization versus modification of products New product development for international markets Packaging Customer care Trade marks and branding Counterfeiting Appendix - international product lifecycles Chapter 13 International and global pricing approaches Factors influencing pricing International pricing approaches The research task INCOTERMS Foreign exchange considerations Price discrimination and parallel exporting Predatory pricing Dumping Transfer pricing Chapter 14 International advertising The nature of international advertising Standardization versus customization of promotional messages The international advertising agency Regulation of advertising International media planning The advertising budget Chapter


(57) [summary] by the system in the pH adjustment, water treatment system (50) for removal from the water, a weakly ionized material and / or organic materials and water treatment method. Exemplary embodiments of the system is substantially the concentration of the pH was maintained below about 7, chemically weakly basic ingredients are present in the water by be converted into further ionized state of the feed stream (52) first chemical processing unit (58) the feed stream in lowering the manner including an inlet flows. First water treatment unit (62), be located downstream of the first chemical treatment unit (58), the ionized components are present in the feed stream to substantially remove the first product stream to generate. In various aspects, the first water treatment unit, filtration unit, water softener units, dechlorination unit, and may be selected from the group consisting of a combination thereof. The first product stream, downstream of the first water treatment unit (62), and treated in a second chemical treatment unit (66), maintaining the pH of the first product stream above about 7, further ionized state substantially reduce the concentration of weakly acidic components are present in the water by chemically converted into. The second water treatment unit (70), located on the downstream of the second chemical processing unit, and the ionized component substantially removed, to produce a second product stream. The second product stream exits from the system from the purified water outlet which is arranged downstream of the second water treatment unit (76).


sion operations (61.1%) have already been included with those who use it routinely (45.2%). This leaves only 16% (61.2–45.2%) who use it exclusively for revision surgery. When the authors mentioned that the percentage increased to 61.1% for revision cases, they seemed to have indicated that most surgeons reserve this device for revision rather than routine operations, where in fact the opposite is true. It may be argued that the proportion of non-users of FNM remains the same in any case (38.9%); this can, however, still cause confusion. Coincidentally, I have conducted a survey (K. Badran, unpublished) about the UK practice in cholesteatoma surgery. One question focused on whether the FNM was used routinely, only in revision cases, or not at all. Respondents were asked to choose 'a single best answer' to describe their practice in the majority. Forty percent of respondents stated that they use it routinely, 27% use it in only in revision cases, and 33% never use it. These results are comparable with the results of Hopkins et al. when percentages are recalculated accordingly (45%, 16%, 39%). This situation is commonly observed in questionnaire studies. In my opinion, it is fundamental to avoid designing questionnaires that allow overlap of percentages of results in the final analysis. In this study, it was easy to predict the percentage of respondents who gave exclusive answers; this however may not be the case in other studies. Khaled Badran Department of Otolaryngology, Warrington Hospital, Warrington, WA5 1QG, E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com


Fashion aesthetic value in olang-olang dance traditional is still maintained. Clothing worn by the male dancers by pot tight clothes farrets, colours black pants suit, black dance pose, red shawl and cloth side golden brown for female dancers dressed by pot by wearing green pants, wear dasto golden yellow, green scraf and wearing next to golden yellow cloth. Clothing olang-olang-olag dance tradition is to own aesthetics ranging from shape and color of the clothing worn by the dancers are still in accordance whit the existing rules in terms of both religious and customary terms. Kata kunci : nilai estetika, tradisi, busana


Kinetics and mechanism of the photo‐oxidation of the natural catecholamine‐type neurotransmitter dopamine (DA) has been studied in aqueous solution, under aerobic conditions, in the presence of riboflavin (Rf, vitamin B2) as a photosensitizer. Results indicate the formation of a weak dark complex Rf–DA, with a mean apparent association constant Kass = 30 m−1, only detectable at DA concentrations much higher than those employed in photochemical experiments. An intricate mechanism of competitive reactions operates upon photoirradiation. DA quenches excited singlet and triplet states of Rf, with rate constants of 4.2 × 109 and 2.2 × 109 m−1 s−1, respectively. With the catecholamine in a concentration similar to that of dissolved molecular oxygen in air‐saturated water, DA and oxygen competitively quench the triplet excited state of Rf, generating superoxide radical anion (O2•−) and singlet molecular oxygen (O2(1Δg)) by processes initiated by electron and energy‐transfer mechanisms, respectively. Rate constants values of 1.9 × 108 and 6.6 × 106 m−1 s−1 have been obtained for the overall and reactive (chemical) interaction of DA with O2(1Δg). The presence of superoxide dismutase increases both the observed rates of aerobic DA photo‐oxidation and oxygen uptake, due to its known catalytic scavenging of O2•−, a species that could revert the overall photo‐oxidation effect, according to the proposed reaction mechanism. As in most of the catecholamine oxidative processes described in the literature, aminochrome is the DA oxidation product upon visible light irradiation in the presence of Rf. It is generated with a quantum yield of 0.05.


The purpose of this paper is to present a new family called -ideal by using the center set and study the most important properties of this family, in addition, to define new points via -ideal called, -turning and -bench points with respect to -topological space.


In this note, we introduce a metric on the cone metric space and then prove that a complete cone metric space is always a complete metric space and verify that a contractive mapping on the cone metric space is a contractive mapping on the metric space. Hence, fixed point theorems


This manuscript reports exchange rates of COS by different soil types, measured both in the lab and in the field, and respective dependencies of the exchange on the COS ambient concentrations, temperature, and soil water content. Data presentation and discussion is pretty much straight forward. The work is a valuable add to the small pool of available soil COS exchange data. The generalization of dependencies which were yet measured only for a few soil types represents the largest source of uncertainty in global COS budget exercises (Kettle et al. 2002).


Background: BHLHB5, an OLIG‐related basic helix‐loop‐helix transcription factor, is required for the development of a subset of gamma‐amino butyric acid–releasing (GABAergic) amacrine cells and OFF‐cone bipolar (CB) cells in mouse retinas. In order to determine BHLHB5's functional mechanism in retinogenesis, we used the Cre‐loxP recombination system to genetically trace the lineage of BHLHB5+ cells in normal and Bhlhb5‐null retinas. The Bhlhb5‐Cre knock‐in allele was used to activate the constitutive expression of a GFP reporter in the Bhlhb5‐expressing cells, and the cell fates of Bhlhb5‐lineage cells were identified by using specific cell markers and were compared between normal and Bhlhb5‐null retinas. Results: In addition to GABAergic amacrine and OFF‐CB cells, Bhlhb5 lineage cells give rise to ganglion, glycinergic amacrine, rod bipolar, ON‐bipolar, and rod photoreceptor cells during normal retinal development. Targeted deletion of Bhlhb5 resulted in the loss of GABAergic amacrine, glycinergic amacrine, dopaminergic amacrine, and Type 2 OFF‐CB cells. Furthermore, in the absence of BHLHB5, a portion of Bhlhb5 lineage cells switch their fate and differentiate into cholinergic amacrine cells. Conclusions: Our data reveal a broad expression pattern of Bhlhb5 throughout retinogenesis and demonstrate the cell‐autonomous as well as non‐cell‐autonomous role of Bhlhb5 in the specification of amacrine and bipolar subtypes. Developmental Dynamics 243:279–289, 2014. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.


Large volumes of methane plus some other gases are generated during the coalification process. Under suitable conditions some of this gas is adsorbed within the microporosity of coals. The rate at which the gas can desorb is a function of the permeability, degree of fracturing or cleating, moisture content, geochemistry of the coals, and the pressure differential. Flow rates from coals are generally low but can be dramatically improved by artificial stimulation and techniques such as lateral drilling. Methane drainage or coal de-methanisation has been carried out for many years, primarily for safety reasons. The resource value of methane in coal seams is now being recognised and considerable research is being undertaken both overseas and in Australia. In the Northern Bowen Basin, several million tonnes of coal are mined each year. The main seams of the Permian Collinsville, Moranbah, German Creek, and Rangal Coal Measures are generally thick and laterally extensive. The area north of Blackwater probably contains more than 100 billion tonnes of coal from which several hundred billion m3 (several Bcf) methane could conceivably be recovered in those areas where the coals are too deep for commercial exploitation. The coals of the Northern Bowen Basin are considered to have better physical parameters for the commercial development of methane drainage projects than those of the central and southern Bowen Basin where methane drainage projects were undertaken several years ago. It is estimated that more than 85 million m3 (3 Bcf) of recoverable gas per square km could be present in some areas. This gas can probably be produced for less than $1.50/GJ (1 Mcft, a figure which compares favourably with many conventional natural gas sources. The Northern Bowen Basin is well-situated with respect to potential gas markets at Townsville and Gladstone. The gas could also be used as a chemical feedstock for products such as ammonia, fertilisers, explosives or synfuels, with the plants located close to the producing wells, thus significantly reducing gas transport costs.


Salt cedar (Tamarix gallica L.) a member of the Tamaricaceae family, is a native of the Mediterranean region and has been used extensively in this country as an ornamental shrub (Little 1953; Wilson 1944). It has become established in southern and western United States, where it creates a major water conservation problem. As a result rather extensive work has been done to find effective methods of control, but relatively little is known as to the autecology of the plant. The purpose of this study was to obtain basic information which might lead to more exhaustive studies of the plant. This information may eventually be useful in setting up a long-term control program. Considerable autecological work has been done on various forest trees, including a comprehensive treatise on northern white cedar (Thuja occidentalis L.) (Nelson 1951), but very little literature is available in respect to growth habits and ecological requirements of salt cedar. Embryologic development has been studied by Paroli (1940), who observed two types of embryo sac formation. Joshi and Kajale (1936) described the structure and development of the embryo sac, ovule, and fruit of a related species, (T. dioica Roxb). Ware and Penfound (1949) discussed the germination rate of salt cedar and contrasted some of its habits to those of other species growing on the lower levels of the South Canadian River in central Oklahoma. T. gallica was also included as an important species in the vegetation of a floodplain of the same river (Hefley 1937) and above the Cedar Bluff Dam on the Smoky Hill River in Kansas (Hopkins and Tomanek 1957). Hefley believes that the first salt cedar plants were brought in by Spanish settlers between 300 and 400 years ago.


Objective To explore the perioperative nursing care of cooled radiofrequency for refractory craniofacial postherpetic neuralgia.Methods 13 refractory craniofacial postherpetic neuralgia patients were reviewed.Results Visual analogue score significantly decreased after the treatment(P0.01),and severe dropsy after treatment was relieved in 2~3 weeks.Conclusion The cooled radiofrequency is effective on refractory craniofacial postherpetic neuralgia,while the perioperative nursing care was safe,feasible,and worthy for more application.


Psychoacoustic research has often used headphones to reproduce sound stimuli. Recently, the spatial dimension has regained attention in basic research and the talk will make a case for the importance of binaural hearing when assessing sound quality. Technological advances made it possible to accurately reproduce real and artificial sound stimuli with high spatial fidelity for their assessment. The Simulated Open Field Environment (SOFE) is a laboratory setup to reproduce sounds from multiple loudspeakers in an anechoic chamber. The free-field presentation allows participants to interact with sound stimuli in a natural way using head turns and movements - important when working with participants inexperienced with laboratory procedures. In connection with room simulation software the SOFE can also create acoustic scenes with multiple sources and sound reflections—thereby increasing the realism. I will give an overview of recent findings gained with the SOFE and their relation to evaluating sound quality.


The morphology and nomenclature of the characteristic, probably monotypic, stilbellaceous hyphomycete genus Tilachlidium Preuss has been dealt with by Petch (1937) and Gams (1971: 141). A perfect state was then unknown. Colonies of the fungus in vitro are rather similar to those of Nectria viridescens Booth. The conidial state has now been found in nature connected with a hypocreaceous (nectriaceous) perfect state.


three anonymous referees, and several colleagues at seminars and informal discussions at IFPRI and the World Bank for valuable comments. Community Based Development (CBD) and its more recent variant, Community Driven Development (CDD), are among the fastest growing mechanisms for channeling development assistance. To clarify concepts, CBD is an umbrella term that refers to projects which actively include beneficiaries in their design and management. CDD is a term, originally coined by the World Bank, that refers to CBD projects where communities have direct control over key project decisions as well as the management of investment funds. According to conservative calculations The World Bank's lending for CDD projects has gone up from $325 million in 1996, to $2 billion in 2003 1. Much of the rationale for this massive expansion is expressed in the CDD chapter in the World Bank's Poverty Reduction Strategy Paper Sourcebook (Dongier, et. al, 2003) which helps guide the Bank's work on the subject. Here, CDD is viewed as a mechanism which can among other things: (i) Enhance sustainability; (ii) Improve efficiency and effectiveness; (iii) Allow poverty reduction efforts to be taken to scale; (iv) Make development more inclusive; (v) Empower poor people, build social capital, and strengthen governance; and (vi) Complement market and public sector activities. The claim is that it achieves this by: (a) reducing the information problems that face both the social planner and potential beneficiaries by eliciting development priorities directly from target communities and allowing target communities to identify projects as well as eligible recipients of private benefits, like welfare or relief; (b) expanding the resources available to the poor, via credit, social funds, capacity building and occupational training; and (c) strengthening the civic capacities of communities by nurturing organizations which represent them, and by enabling them to acquire skills and organizational abilities that strengthen their capacity for collective action. Thus the potential gains of CDD are undoubtedly large. It has the explicit objective of reversing existing power relations in a manner that creates agency and voice for the poor, while allowing the poor to have more control over development assistance. It is expected that this will result in the allocation of development funds in a manner that is more responsive to the needs of the poor, better targeting of poverty programs, more responsive government and better delivery of public goods and services, better maintained community assets, and a more informed and involved …


M a n y parents in the United States who speak and value a language other than English feel torn between wanting their children to develop age-appropriate fluency and literacy in the language of their heritage, and wanting their children to acquire English as quickly and flawlessly as possible. They ask themselves many language-related questions, such as, "If I speak a language other than English to my child, will I make it harder for him/ her to acquire English?" and, conversely, "If I speak to my child in English at home, how will s/he acquire our heritage language?"


e evidences showing major role of Vitamin D3 in human immune system and its potential use for novel corona virus treatment. Our argument is based on research finding that corona virus has viral envelope glycoproteins. In this regard, Vitamin D3 proves to offer various beneficial effects, including immunomodulatory effect, in order to break the glycoproteins envelope of the virus. One of the greatest benefit of vitamin D3 is the fact that it is easy to get 10,000 - 20,000 IU of daily intake requirement, by sunbathing for more or less twenty minutes. Such a method is likely applicable in many tropical countries.


Chlorine is widely used as a disinfectant in water treatment and in the food industry. Five organophosphorus pesticides (EPN, diazinon, fenitrothion, malathion and parathion) were, therefore, subjected to aqueous chlorination with hypochlorite to evaluate inhibitory effect on cholinesterase (ChE) activity and mutagenic effect of these reaction products. Treatment with hypochlorite of thiophosphorus (P=S) pesticide solutions was shown to produce compounds with a great inhibiting effect on ChE activity, but, further reactions resulted in decrease in the ChE inhibiting activity. Aqueous chlorination with hypochlorite of these P=S compound solutions was also shown to produce compounds with mutagencity onS. typhimuriumTA98 without S9 mix. The production of mutagens is dependent on the parent pesticides, the solution pH values, and the reaction time.


Impaired social communication and social reciprocity are the primary phenotypic distinctions between autism spectrum disorders (ASD) and other developmental disorders. We investigate quantitative conversational cues in child-psychologist interactions using acoustic-prosodic, turn-taking, and language features. Results indicate the conversational quality degraded for children with higher ASD severity, as the child exhibited difficulties conversing and the psychologist varied her speech and language strategies to engage the child. When interacting with children with increasing ASD severity, the psychologist exhibited higher prosodic variability, increased pausing, more speech, atypical voice quality, and less use of conventional conversational cue such as assents and non-fluencies. Children with increasing ASD severity spoke less, spoke slower, responded later, had more variable prosody, and used personal pronouns, affect language, and fillers less often. We also investigated the predictive power of features from interaction subtasks with varying social demands placed on the child. We found that acoustic prosodic and turn-taking features were more predictive during higher social demand tasks, and that the most predictive features vary with context of interaction. We also observed that psychologist language features may be robust to the amount of speech in a subtask, showing significance even when the child is participating in minimal-speech, low social-demand tasks. Index Terms: autism spectrum disorders, atypical prosody, social reciprocity, turn-taking, language cues


The status and development trend of silicone impregnating varnish on market were presented.A compare study was made on solvent-free silicone impregnating varnish and solvent one and then on a discrepancy contrast of the cure mechanism between the addition polymerization and condensation polymerization.It shows that addition polymerization solvent-free silicone impregnating varnish is the main development stream.


There is a widespread belief that teaching is a highly stressful occupation. Early retirement for reasons of disability (burnout and mental health problems) among Finnish educators has doubled in the 1990s compared to all other occupations. The persistent sympathetic drive and reduced vagal tone attenuate the recovering capacity after stress. They may contribute in the development of diseases such as the metabolic syndrome and cardiac diseases. Recent studies report an association of heart rate variability with general health. The autonomic nervous system and hormonal responses maintain together the equilibrium of organ functions. Both psychological 6) and physiological 8) stress can affect cardiovascular functioning i.e. heart beat intervals (RRI) and their variability. The fluctuations in circulatory parameters reflect the rapid and long term adaptation to stressors. These oscillations can be presented in power bands by methods of signal processing and spectral analysis. Total power is the index of the overall capacity of the system. The high frequency band (HF, 0.15–0.40 Hz) is mainly the index of the vagal (parasympathetic) and low frequency band (LF, 0.04–0.15 Hz), at least partly an index of the sympathetic component of the autonomic nervous system. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the profile of autonomic control of the circulatory system in high school teachers during a workday, weekend and holiday season.


Diabetes has become an epidemic that affects 246 million people worldwide and is expected to affect 380 million by 2025. Together with the increasing outbreaks of diabetes more people suffer from diabetic complications. These complications are the major cause of morbidity and mortality in persons with diabetes. Intervention studies have focused predominantly on glucose and blood pressure control and since the introduction of insulin the situation has dramatically improved for persons with diabetes. However, there are still massive problems left to solve. The chronic complications of diabetes are predominantly vascular and have impact throughout the body. Several suggestions have emerged trying to explain the origin of diabetic complications in order to find a treatment. In a publication in Nature Dr. Brownlee suggested a unifying mechanism based on an overproduction of superoxide from the mitochondria leading to disturbance in several pathways and in the prolonging, complications. This oxidative stress may be one of the reasons for increased amounts of oxidized LDL in diabetic patients. Oxidation of LDL is central to current theories of atherosclerosis, and is implicated in renal damage and diabetic retinopathy. Mercodia Oxidized LDL ELISA assays have been used in several studies as a prognostic marker of developing atherosclerosis and could be a useful tool in the risk assessment of the development of diabetic complications. Diabetic patients seem to have prevalence for small, dense LDL particles. Small, dense LDL particles are considered more atherogenic than larger LDL particles since they pass more easily into the intima and have a greater capacity to bind to proteoglycans in the vessel walls were the oxidative modifications of the LDL particles take place.


This master thesis describes the theory of a new proposed method suitable for selective metallization of polymers. Further, through the use of specially manufactured process equipment, the method is demonstrated in practice.
 The work documents the possibility of implementing well-known printing techniques in the selective structuring process step within the method. Analyses involving Atomic Force Microscopy, Scanning Electron Microscopy, Fourier Transformed Infra Red Spectroscopy serves to document the adhesion mechanism obtained with the method.
 Further, peel tests have been performed in quest of determining the process windows and to benchmark the obtained adhesions against state-of-the-art methods.


Sideroxylon obtusifolium belongs to the family Sapotaceae which occurs in the Southwest and Northeast of Brazil. It is used in folk medicine due to its anti-inflammatory and hypoglycemic properties. The intense use of its barks and the lack of cultivation of the plant made rare its occurrence in the natural habitat. This study was performed in order to get information about the biomass production of this native species using the techniques of plant tissues culture. The Murashige & Skoog (1962) and Gamborg et al. (1968) culture media containing auxin 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic and kinetin kin were used for callus induction. Fragments of leaves were used as explants and sterilized with sodium hypochlorite for 40 minutes. The best outcome for callus induction was obtained with concentrations of auxin/kinetin of 0.1 mg/L / 1 mg/L in the Murashige & Skoog culture medium.


Coronavirus(COVID-19) has created havoc for humanity by causing millions of deaths, adverse effects on physical and mental health and disastrous economic destruction. To aid with fast and efficient detection of the virus which allows for timely treatment of the patients, we have conducted this research work. In this work we have experimented and analyzed all the pre-trained and well known models. The performance of these various models in the detection of COVID-19 from Chest X-Ray images and their comparative study is depicted in this work. The best performing models were InceptionV3 (99.78%), InceptionResNetV2 (99.56%), DenseNet121 (99.34%), DensetNet169 (99.24%), DenseNet201 (99.34%) and Xception (99.12%).


Volume 83 of Cahiers victoriens et edouardiens is a four-section issue with a collection of articles selected from three different conferences and a section with a complementary article on Eliza Cook. Two contributions came from the SAES Conference which was held in Caen in May 2014 ('Crossings'), six papers were given during the annual SFEVE conference which was held in Perpignan in January 2015 ('The South'), convened by Isabelle Cases, and five more articles were selected from the SAES Conference which was held in Toulon in June 2015 ('Commitment').


This paper provides an analysis of the AC resistances obtained for non-ferrous bimetallic solid conductors. Specifically, the two most common power conductor metals are used: aluminum and copper. The effects on AC resistance for designs of aluminum conductors with copper cores and copper conductors with aluminum cores are examined. The mathematics influencing the increased AC vs DC resistance are provided along with current industry practices used to mitigate the increase of the AC/DC resistance ratio. On large power conductors, normal practice to reduce the AC/DC resistance ratio is to divide the conductor into multiple segments. In this paper the effectiveness of this segmented technique is discussed, followed by an analysis of the novel idea of using bimetallic conductors.


OBJECTIVES
The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of adjuvant chemotherapy (ACT) for thymic squamous cell carcinoma after completely resection.

METHODS
Patients with thymic squamous cell carcinoma treated with complete resection between January 2009 and December 2016 were retrospectively identified. Kaplan-Meier analysis was used to summarize the time-to-event variables. Univariable and multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression analyses were performed.

RESULTS
A total of 116 patients were analysed with 44 patients in the non-ACT group and 72 patients in the ACT group. No significant difference was found in the 5-year recurrence-free survival (RFS) rate (58.1% vs 51%, P = 0.33) or the 5-year overall survival (OS) rate (77.7% vs 67.1%, P = 0.26) between the ACT group and the non-ACT group. Masaoka stage was the only independent prognostic factor for both RFS and OS. Subgroup analysis showed significant improvement in 5-year RFS for Masaoka stage II patients (P = 0.035) and 5-year OS (P = 0.036) for Masaoka stage III patients when comparing ACT with non-ACT. No chemotherapy-related death occurred. The most frequent adverse effect higher than grade 3 was neutropenia.

CONCLUSIONS
For completely resected thymic squamous cell carcinoma, ACT significantly improved the 5-year RFS in Masaoka stage II patients and the 5-year OS in Masaoka stage III patients.