Global climate change had a significant impact on the structure and function of natural ecosystems,socio- economic and human health. At present,climate change has affected infectious disease occur,spread and change,which directly or indirectly affect the incidence trend of infectious diseases from pathogens and their carriers, routes of transmission,and the human body's own resistance. Therefore the climate change can further threat to human health. It is important to understand and detect the relationship between climate change and infectious diseases for preventing and controlling the prevalence of infectious diseases,and the impact of climate change on infectious diseases has been concerned in many scientific communities. The domestic and foreign scholars have made a meaningful exploration and got a lot of valuable results about the spread of infectious diseases caused by the global climate change. In this paper,content about the global climate change has important effects on the geographic distribution of organisms and human health was firstly overviewed. Global climate change altered the scope of the organisms distribution, which increasing the potential distribution area for some certain species and further causing the biological changes of these species in their phenophases. The species which are benefit from the climate change,however,their distribution range will be expanded with the growth of population. And the extreme weather events are an important driving force leading to population fluctuations. Lots of studies have proved that the climate change has a direct and indirect impact on human health,which can increase the incidence of infectious diseases,can expand the distribution range of infectious diseases,and finally can increase the human population susceptibility to diseases. The paper was mainly focused on the analyses about the prevalence mechanisms and propagation processes from some common infectious diseases including malaria,dengue fever,cholera,meningitis, influenza as SARS,intestinal infectious diseases,plague,and schistosomiasis. The qualitative and quantitative analysis methods about the relationships between climate change and infectious diseases were reviewed. Traditional researches were mostly qualitative analyses,the method was relatively simple and lack of sufficient evidence. Currently,the univariate correlation analysis and multiple regression analysis have got the most commonly used combined with the epidemiological data and the same period of meteorological factors. Moreover,the analyses of principal component regression and stepwise discriminance are applied in recent years. The mathematical modeling and laboratory biology simulation methods are acknowledged as the future methods in this kind of study. There are also some key scientific issues need to be resolved. For example,problems about the data limitations,how to determine the impact factors of human exposure values to climate change,the climate change and the simplification of infectious etiology chain. Finally,the future research and development direction were also discussed based on the current researches and existing problems.


rcprcsented. The method of transposition of a microcontour of inductance from ceramics YB~~CU~O,.~ on a substrate from A1203 is discussed. Such of Abstract. In this work the experimental results obtained in a way of preparing process of new circuit-components based on High-Tc ceramic are microinductance is ulanned later to use as highly sensitive sensors of clectro-magnetic oscillations of high selectivity with magnitude of Q-factor of , I the order IO4.


A 2.5‐year outcome analysis was performed on patients who underwent transvaginal repair of total pelvic organ prolapse with single polypropylene mesh. A description of the repair technique using a tension‐free 4‐point fixation is also reviewed.


Abstract The main purpose of this paper is to obtain the optimal amount of expenses of government relating to the protection of property rights (PPRs). To achieve these purposes we have introduced concept of social intelligence with respect to PPRs and then developed different growth model from existing literature. In the second step the optimal share of government spending on the PPRs is calculated.  The theoretical results show inverse relationship between budget deficits and government spending in the PPRs. In other words, with increasing amount of government deficit, government reduced spending of PPRs.  The results of calibration for Iranian economy show that, the growth rate of spending to PPRs should be equal to 31 percent for having sustainable economic growth rate of 6 percent.


Wireless sensor networks(WSN) consist of many sensor nodes,which have the ability of communication and information processing and connect with each other by wireless means.In this paper,the microprocessor chip AT91SAM7S256,radio frequecy chip CC2420,GPRS module MC39i and sensors modules are used to design the wireless sensor network node hardware.This paper also makes an in-depth research on software design.Finally,an example of application is shown—the application of bluetooth technology in wireless sensor networks.


ZigBee is open global wireless protocol based on IEEE 802.15.4 standard. ZigBee operates in the 2.4 GHz frequency band similar to WiFi and Bluetooth, but it operates at much lower data rate of 250 kb/s. It may interfere with other devices which work in same frequency band. This paper introduces Neuro-Fuzzy approach for transmission of Moving Picture Expert Group (MPEG-4) video over ZigBee Wireless. Limited data rate channel in ZigBee may cause data loss and time delay due to high variation in bit rate of MPEG-4 Variable Bit Rate (VBR) which insisting high bandwidth. It leads ZigBee channel to be impracticable for transmission of MPEG-4 VBR video. This new Neuro-Fuzzy application enables ZigBee channel to be able to transmit MPEG-4 video. In this paper, two Neuro-Fuzzy schemes used to supervise input and output from data storage called traffic-governed buffer. The first Neuro-Fuzzy scheme take care that buffer neither oversupplied nor starved with video data. The second Neuro-Fuzzy scheme ensures the departure rate meets the traffic condition of ZigBee. The proposed schemes enable to transmit video over ZigBee with minimum data loss and excellent picture quality. Keywords– Two Neuro-Fuzzy scheme, ZigBee, MPEG-4 video, Traffic governing buffer Introduction.


Towards a Rereading of "Romans" Readers in "Romans" and the Meaning of Self-Mastery Gentile Culture and God's Impartial Justice Warning a Greek and Debating a Fellow Jew Paul's Dialogue with a Fellow Jew Paul on Sin and Works of the Law God's Merciful Justice in Christ's Faithfulness One God and One Father Abraham The Gentile Share in Christ's Obedience and Life A Warning and a Promise to Gentiles Faithfulness as Adaptability - An Ethic of Community for Gentiles.


Franchising has become generally popular from the late 1960s in USA. As its popularity grew so did abuses and perceived abuses. Concerns were raised particularly about the degree of control the franchisor excised over the franchisees including the power to terminate the franchise. The extent of control excised by the franchisor over the franchisee has been the subject of considerable regulation. Recognizing the disparity in bargaining power between the franchisor and franchisee and franchisee's usual making a substantial investment, franchisor's control is restricted by a thicket of laws. Similar to the franchise statutes of USA, Korea Fair Franchise Practices Act(KFPA) was enacted in 2002 to regulate the franchise abuses. It consists of 44 sections which provides the franchise relations including, but not limited to, the code of conduct of both parties of the franchise agreement, prohibitions of the unfair trade practices, restriction of the franchise termination by franchisor respectively and provides the Offering Circular containing the information about the identity of franchisor and its business realities. Given all the rationales of the restrictions of franchisor's control, KFPA status quo cannot escape from the criticism that it regulates franchisor too rigidly. For example, it requires a franchisor sending three-time prior notice and giving at least two months to cure the deficiencies uniformly to terminate the franchise with only a few narrow exceptions. But this issue is not even touched in the hearing session of the Congress, which is fortunately held now to discuss the amendment of KFPA. Meaningful discussion is required to make the statute be more impartial and helpful to the sound development of franchising in Korea. If not the case, and this opportunity elapses, far more efforts be needed to correct the unfareness contained in KFPA than ever before.


Boundary-layer unsteady blowing is one of the most advanced solutions for reducing aircraft parasite drags and flow separation at high angles of attack. It allows high lift along with low drag to be achieved and, because endurance is one of the most important performance parameters for certain types of aircraft, such as unmanned aerial vehicles, clearly the CL 3/2 /CD ratio has to be maximized. The main goal of the present investigation is to explore possible ways to obtain efficient turbulent boundary-layer control and, at the same time, to consider the practical problems connected to the installation of the device in a real wing. This study seeks mainly to verify the effectiveness of active control via pulsed blowing as a tool to delay boundary-layer separation. Numerical simulations and wind-tunnel experimental investigations on a wing model equipped with instruments are presented and the results discussed. An extensive numerical and experimental investigation on the parameters that can affect flow separation has been carried out. As a result of this analysis, it seems that tubing length produces the most significant effect on the resonant frequencies of a pulsed-blowing system, whereas slot exit and cavity volume mainly affect the resonant peak amplitude. The best actuation frequency varies, depending on the type of aerodynamic performance to be optimized (efficiency, lift, or endurance).


A DISEASE wliicll anllually kills in Englalnd andl W'ales uttpwarcds of 1,500 people, and whose nmortality under modern scientific treatment still rulns to from 5 to 25 per cent., according to its type, demiiands vigorous investigation. Few of tile niumerouLs wiiters on tlle subject base tlleir views about diagnosis, prognosis, or treatment, oli the patlhological findings of tile operation room. In Sir Berkeley Moynihan s picturesque words, 'the patlhology of tlle living" has failed to receive due consideration, a.nd no satisfactory classification or differentiation of cases has Ilitllerto existed. All acute diseases of tile appendix lhave been included under the general term


We present a practical scheme for the evaluation of nonstandard two-electron integrals including the factors r k 12 exp(− γr 2 12 ) which have been appeared recently, where k −1 is an integer. The method used throughout this paper is based on the highly efficient Head-Gordon and Pople (HGP) approach of evaluation of electron repulsion integrals (ERI). Thus only straightforward modifications of existing codes that employ HGP or HGP-PRISM scheme are necessary to implement our approach.


COMPASS is a ˇxed target experiment at CERN's Super Proton Synchrotron. Part of its physics program is dedicated to the spin structure of the nucleon, which it studies with a polarized muon beam and polarized targets. An overview of its recent results along this line is given, in particular: the ˇrst results of our 2011 longitudinally polarized proton run, a report on our progress towards the extraction of the gluon polarization, ΔG, at NLO and an update on our measurements of transverse spin and kT -dependent processes, from our 2010 transversely polarized proton data, and of hadron multiplicities.


The CRS-MZO method is an innovative CRS stack method to simulate zero-offset (ZO) section by the outplanat. After a detailed theoretical introduction in paper I, the CRS-MZO method is applied to real data in this paper. The ZO section simulated by the CRS-MZO method reveals that the CRS-MZO method can greatly improve the quality of ZO imaging. After the dip-angle decomposition strategy is incorporated with the CRS-MZO method, the dip-angle discrimination phenomenon is removed successfully. The dip-angle decomposition CRS-MZO method can well adapt to real data processing thus provides a new approach to simulate high-quality ZO sections.


Future commercialization of glasses-free holographic real 3D displays requires not only appropriate image quality but also slim design of backlight unit and whole display device to match market needs. While a lot of research aimed to solve computational issues of forming Computer Generated Holograms for 3D Holographic displays, less focus on development of backlight units suitable for 3D holographic display applications with form-factor of conventional 2D display systems. Thereby, we report coherent backlight unit for 3D holographic display with thickness comparable to commercially available 2D displays (cell phones, tablets, laptops, etc.). Coherent backlight unit forms uniform, high-collimated and effective illumination of spatial light modulator. Realization of such backlight unit is possible due to holographic optical elements, based on volume gratings, constructing coherent collimated beam to illuminate display plane. Design, recording and measurement of 5.5 inch coherent backlight unit based on two holographic optical elements are presented in this paper.


Vietnam is in the early stages of implementing the reform of the curriculum and textbooks. Vietnam's general education is changing strongly from content-based teaching to competence-building teaching [1]. That change has been implemented by researchers and teachers in all elements of the teaching process, including testing and evaluation. Evaluation of educational outcomes needs to shift from testing memorization to assessing the ability to apply knowledge to solve practical problems, attaching importance to both assessment of learning outcomes and assessment in the learning process. In this situation, testing and assessment in teaching Science in primary schools are also interesting to many teachers, and assessment of scientific competence in teaching this subject is considered an important factor contributing to improving the quality of Science and the quality of subject teaching in the direction of developing students' ability. The article mentions some theoretical foundations and the actual situation of using Rubric in assessing the scientific competence of students in grades 4 and 5 when teachers teach Science, thereby proposing some measures to improve the effectiveness of assessment in teaching this subject.  Article visualizations:


A non-linear circuit model of photodiode built according to the working principle of self-scanned photodiode array image sensor is presented for improving the property of the sensor. Through the analysis of the non_linear circuit model,we get the state equations, and the equations are resolved with Runge_Kutta algorithm. The Runge_Kutta algorithm is realized in C language, and the numeric result of the circuit is obtained. The analysis of the numeric result of the model shows that the non_linear performance of the sensor can be improved by reducing the capcitor of the PN junction and the dynamic performance of the image sensor can be enhanced by paralleling capacitor C M , and all the analysis is consistent with the real measurement results of the sensor. The circuit model of photodiode is improved over previous model.


Traditionally, structural analysis is based on the hypothesis that supports are indeslocable due to simplicity. However, the conventional design in which settlements of foundation elements are disregarded can lead to physical results that are incompatible with reality. This work aims to analyze the influence of the consideration of soil-structure interaction (SSI) on the responses of steel structural elements obtained by a static second order analysis. Furthermore, it is evaluated the responses obtained by different types of procedures for the consideration of soil stiffness in the structural analysis. Solid elements considering linearly elastic material parameters and spring elements based on the Winkler theory are employed. The analyses were performed with the commercial software SAP2000. Plane steel frames models were analyzed, either considering conventional supports or taking into account the soil-structure interaction. Shallow footing foundations are considered. Three frames with the same characteristics, but with a different number of floors were analyzed, showing the influence of the height increase and the building stiffness on the SSI results. It has been shown that the consideration of the effects of soil-structure interaction on structural analysis of buildings can have a significant influence on the stress distribution, displacements and structural behavior. In addition, it is concluded that the structural capacity of steel frames can be affected by the type of support adopted and by changes on the way the model considers soil deformation.


Carob flour enriched functional spread was developed and textural, sensory, colour, and some nutritional properties of the product were investigated. Spread samples were prepared with major ingredients for optimisation and minor ingredients for improving texture and aroma. Major ingredients were carob flour and hydrogenated palm oil (HPO) and minor ingredients were commercial skim milk powder, soya flour, lecithin, and hazelnut puree. The ratio of major ingredients was optimised using sensory scores and instrumental texture values to produce a carob spread that most closely resembles commercial chocolate spread (control), in both spreadability and overall acceptability. The amounts of minor ingredients (milk powder, 10%; soybean flour, 5%; lecithin, 1%; hazelnut puree, 4%) were kept in constant ratio (20%). Addition of hydrogenated palm oil (HPO) decreased the hardness and hardness work done (HWD) values in contrast to carob flour. Higher rates of carob flour were linked to lower lightness, greenness, and yellowness values. Spread was optimised at 38 g carob flour/100 g spread and 42 g hydrogenated palm oil/100 g spread level and the formulation tended to receive the highest sensory scores compared to other spreads and presented closer instrumental spreadability values to control samples. This indicates a strong market potential for optimised carob spreads.


The aim of J0rgen Sandemose's paper is to present a criticism of the "classic" way of looking at the transformation problem initiated a century ago by Ladislaus von Bortkiewicz, in particular, with the use of input-output analysis for solving the value-price relation. The author recalls, in a brief first part, Marx's example of the transformation problem. He then proceeds immediately in the second part to Steedman's criticism of Marx's solution by emphasizing the physicotechnical approach of the Neo-Ricardian solution based on given bundles of means of production and articles of consumption by capitalists and workers. Because these given bundles can be expressed by matrices and vectors of input coefficients, this is all that is necessary to derive a price-profit rate solution without any reference to value. In the third part, the author examines the "monetary" solution of the transformation problem put forth by Ramos (1998) and one could also include Moseley (2004), who was among the first Marxist economists to put forward a monetary approach as early as 1997 and criticizes his approach by arguing that the latter represents the other extreme position that totally ignores the physical or concrete side of the use-value of commodities. In the fourth section, the author presents his approach based on the commodity circuit, as described by Marx in volume 2 of Das Kapital In the fifth section, the author criticizes Bortkiewicz's definition of a numeraire based on gold as the commodity money. Is there anything particularly new in this paper about the transformation problem? My answer is no: Sandemose's critique of Bortkiewicz's simultaneous method of transforming values into prices fails for the following reasons:


The present study aimed to perform a survey of scientific articles in national journals indexed in the last decade about childhood depression. The electronic databases of journals Coordination of Improvement of Higher Education Personnel ( CAPES ) were used to collect materials ; of Brazil Virtual Health Library ( VHL BRAZIL ) and Scientific Electronic Library Online ( SciELO ) . In total, 48 articles were retrieved from which created three categories of analysis : most recurrent themes , comorbidities and research settings . The categorization identified that among the outstanding issues are mentioned instrument validation, incidence of depression in children , associated environmental variables , representations of children on depression and relationships between childhood depression and school performance . Comorbidities were cited childhood obesity, anxiety, sleep disorders , stress and bipolar disorder . Most of the articles found bring investigations in school settings, health and institutional. It was possible to verify that the topic has been developed significantly in Psychological Science.


In order to better understand the 2015 Food Safety Law,the paper introduced the change in safety supervision department of tea and tea products and also expatiated on the gists and specific contents of tea-related rules in 2015 Food Safety Law to cover the entire process supervision of tea and tea products ' production and management and ensure tea safety for customers.


Grayscale-invariant reversible data hiding (RDH) in color images was developed recently in which the graysclaes of the marked color image are required to be the same as that of the host color image. The grayscale-invariant RDH technique is very useful for many applications on color images in which the image processing algorithms are designed based on the gray version of the input color image. Some state-of-the-art grayscale-invariant RDH schemes were proposed recently. However their performance on embedding capacity and distortion is not satisfactory. For these existing works, the main bottleneck is the large number of correction bits generated for losslessly recovering the host green scales. In this work, we propose a novel grayscale-invariant RDH method which is able to reduce the need for correction bits. Our main contribution is to design a self-correcting mechanism which can modify the green scales for keeping grayscales unchanged while remembering the information of the host green scales. In order to obtain this task, we first observe that all previous methods generated correction bits in a functional approach which mainly results in a lot of correction bits. Instead of the functional approach, we use a relational approach to preserve the grayscales when embedding message bits. By this relational approach, the proposed algorithm only has to generate a small number of correction bits for losslessly recovering green scales. Moreover, this relational approach allows the proposed algorithm to embed more message bits into some selected green scales. The experimental results show that the proposed method significantly improves the embedding capacity and the rate-distortion performance compared to previous works.


Matt Pickard, Clock Spring Company, L.P., USA, describes the company's pipeline repair solutions, which are effective in difficult installation conditions and can help meet strict integrity standards.


This study was aimed at examining the effect of credit risk, profitability, liquidity, and business efficient of banks listed in Indonesian Stock Exchange at period 2010-2014 to capital adequacy. The technique of data analysis used was multiple linear regression analysis which was preceded by classic assumption testing and then followed by regression analysis and model testing that consisted of determination coefficient analysis, simultaneous testing ( F-test), and partial testing (t-test) using SPSS 22 program.Result of the research shows that credit risk variable which measured by NPL, and profitability (with ROA) take effect towards capital adequacy. While, liquidity variable which measured by LDR and business efficient (with BOPO) have no effect towards capital adequacy of banks listed in Indonesian Stock Exchange at period 2010-2014. Keywords : Credit risk, profitability, liquidity, business efficient, capital adequacy


Abstract : Fifteen Egyptian male farmers aged eight to 29 years, known urinary excretors of S. typhi or paratyphi A, were observed in hospital for periods varying between six to 12 months. Blood cultures were performed twice weekly using a Castaneda type two-phase bottle and 10 per cent ox bile. Urine samples were plated on Selenite media directly. Salmonella typhi or paratyphi A were recovered from the blood in every case though the clinical picture did not resemble typhoid fever. These bacteraemic phades were transient and were in some patients accompanied by a low-grade fever with occasional spikes of high fever. All patients were malnourished, debilitated, and has an anaemia refractory to treatment with oral ferrous sulphate. Intravenous pyelography demonstrated damaged urinary tracts caused by schistosomal infection in all patients such as hydronephrosis and hydroureters, bladder nodular filling-defects, bladder calcification stricture of the ureters, and reflux. It is suggested that these patients harbour the salmonella organisms in the urinary tracts from which intermittently they are shed intravascularly. Treatment therefore should aim at relieving the bilharzial obstruction by anti-schistosomal treatment followed by treatment with either ampicillin or chloramphenicol to clear any remaining foci of infection in the kidneys.


Pits and bulges are one of the common quality defects of stamping parts. Because the reintegration will increase the cost of the whole vehicle, it is necessary to use reasonable methods to solve and prevent it. This paper analyzes and introduces the causes of pits and bulges defects in the various surface defects of truck roof in the stamping production process, describes the detection methods of pits and bulges defects, and discusses the production in stamping production. Measures to prevent pits and bulges defects. It has the same reference value for surface defect control of various body stampings.


The industry of intangible cultural heritage (ICH) tourism continues to grow, and social media can serve as an essential tool to promote this trend. Although ICH tourism development is outstanding in China, the language structure and restricted use of social media render ICH difficult for non-Chinese speakers to understand. Using content analysis, this study investigates the structure and relationships among cognitive elements of ICH tourism based on 9074 blogs posted between 2011 and 2020 on Weibo.com, one of the most popular social media platforms in China. The main analysis process consisted of matrix construction, dimension classification, and semantic network analysis. Findings indicated that the cognitive image of ICH tourism on social media can be divided into seven dimensions: institutions, ICH and inheritors, tourism products, traditional festivals and seasons, tourism facilities and services, visitors, and regions. This network vividly illustrates ICH tourism and depicts the roles of organizers, residents, inheritors, and tourists. Among these elements, institutions hold the greatest power to regulate and control ICH tourism activities, and folklore appears to be the most common type of ICH resource that can be developed into tourism activities. Practically, the results offer insight for policymakers regarding ways to better balance the relationships among heritage protection, the business economy, and people's well-being. Such strategies can promote the industrialization of ICH tourism. In addition, through content analysis, this paper confirms the effectiveness of social media in providing a richer understanding of ICH tourism.


After the cases of urban waterfront renovation in China and abroad were introduced,the renovation of landscape of the waterfront of the Zengjiang River in Guangzhou was addressed.The ecology-oriented theory was used in the renovation.Various aspects such as space,land,culture and sustainability were fully considered in order to effectively utilize and protect the water and recreation resources of the Zengjiang River.


Unlike the research conducted in the last few decades toward inhibitor-precipitate-aided high-strength FeCo strips, a high strength process (HSP) based on continuous annealing and partial recrystallization is proposed starting from usual industrial Fe49Co49V2 melts and cold-rolled strips. With the help of improved ductility phenomenon in such metallurgical state and of ordering avoided by fast cooling, smart and coexisting working properties have been demonstrated: wide and controlled yield stress up to at least 1000 MPa even applied to thin laminations, easy punch into parts from the HSP strip, ability to get by an added final annealing-if needed-low magnetic losses for punched parts, high stability of parts geometry through a subsequent static annealing, and good aging stability. To get the full benefit of such improvements in many electrotechnical applications, this promising new grade family has yet to be deeply characterized (aging, anisotropy, and creep) and improved in performance (losses and permeability).


This chapter describes the characteristics and physiological role of each subfamily, the shared and specialized structural features, and the recognition pattern of target binding sites in detail. The level of intracellular iron is regulated by various iron-sensing regulators. Intracellular manganese is reported as abundant as zinc in many bacteria, whereas it is about one-tenth of zinc in Escherichia coli. It is known to be sensed by MntR of the DtxR family in Bacillus subtilis, and a Fur family member in α-proteobacteria. In Streptomyces coelicolor, nickel induces and represses Ni-containing and Fe-containing superoxide dismutases (SODs), respectively. In S. coelicolor, nickel induces and represses Ni-containing and Fe-containing SODs, respectively. It was found that one of its four Fur homologs regulates these two SODs in addition to nickel-uptake systems and, hence, was named Nur. The Irr protein was first described in Bradyrhizobium japonicum as an iron-responsive regulator of the Fur family that controls genes for heme biosynthesis and iron uptake systems. Binding of more than two Fur dimers may occur in sites with extended footprints, whereas tight binding with only a single dimer to one core motif is possible. The similarity of recognition sequences hinders precise prediction of regulon members based on simple consensus sequences. Structural information of various Fur members will continue to provide insights into how metal specificity is achieved in metalloregulators, providing better ways to design specific metal sensors and to predict functions of uncharacterized metalloproteins.


How much do the market values of housing reflect its interior design? Does the interior design interact with other housing attributes? Following the recent research based on "graph theory," this paper confirms the importance of internal design variables in a hedonic pricing model, which is applied to a large dataset of high-rise apartment buildings in Asia. The evidence is consistent with a simple theory that developers strategically use interior design to "dilute" the effect of location, which leads to a form of endogenous multi-collinearity. Directions for future research are also discussed.


Hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs) and full electric vehicles (EVs) are the fastest growing part of the passenger car market. These vehicles rely on high-performance electric machines and power electronics to drive them resulting in exciting and novel advancements in design and manufacturing. System level attributes and architecture selections provide a clear drive on the component level designs and overall vehicle performance. It is the intention of this article to provide an overview of the numerous HEV topologies including full EV approaches and the types of electric machines they use.


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Methyl-versus-cloride exchange equilibria between different zirconocene complexes provide a sensitive measure of relative electron densities at the Zr centers of these complexes. As expected, methyl and trimethyl silyl substituents increase the electron density at the Zr center of a bis(cyclopentadienyl) Zr(IV) complex; the same holds for a dimethyl silyl bridge. In bis(indenyl) complexes, on the other hand, electron density at the metal center is reduced and substituent and bridge effects are different from those observed in bis(cyclopentadienyl) Zr(IV) complexes.


Social scientists are increasingly fitting multilevel models to datasets in which a large number of individuals (N ~ several thousands) are nested within each of a small number of countries (C ~ 25). The researchers are particularly interested in "country effects†, as summarized by either the coefficients on country-level predictors (or cross-level interactions) or the variance of the country-level random effects. Although questions have been raised about the potentially poor performance of estimators of these "country effects†when C is "small†, this issue appears not to be widely appreciated by many social scientist researchers. Using Monte Carlo analysis, I examine the performance of two estimators of a binary-dependent two-level model using a design in which C = 5(5)50 100 and N = 1000 for each country. The results point to i) the superior performance of adaptive quadrature estimators compared with PQL2 estimators, and ii) poor coverage of estimates of "country effects†in models in which C ~ 25, regardless of estimator. The analysis makes extensive use of xtmelogit and simulate and user-written commands such as runmlwin, parmby, and eclplot. Issues associated with having extremely long runtimes are also discussed.


A series of BoPhoz-type ligands were successfully applied in the rhodium-catalyzed asymmetric hydrogenation of a number of beta-substituted or unsubstituted alpha-(phthalimidomethyl)acrylates, affording good to excellent enantioselectivities. The results suggested that the presence of an N-H proton in the BoPhoz backbone could significantly improve the enantioselectivity, and ligand (Sc,Rp)-1d, bearing two CF3-groups in the 3,5-position of the phenyl ring of aminophosphino moiety, showed the highest enantioselectivity.


Rituals are valued by students of culture as lenses for bringing facets of social life and meaning into focus. Jane Monnig Atkinson's carefully crafted study offers unique insight into the rich shamanic ritual tradition of the Wana, an upland population of Sulawesi, Indonesia.


years by many investigators. Krebs' found that mammalian tissues deamidate glutamine to form glutamic acid and ammonia. Extracts of retina, liver, kidney, lung, brain, and placenta from rats, guinea pigs, and humans showed considerable glutaminase activity. Investigations by Greenstein and Carter2 showed that pig kidney glutaminase activity was enhanced by the addition of phosphate. This effect was optimal at a pH of 8.0. Studies have shown that human and rat tissue from gingiva contain large amounts of free glutamic acid and small amounts of free glutamine.3,4 These findings suggest that a glutaminase enzyme may exist in human gingiva that hydrolyzes glutamine to produce significant amounts of glutamic acid. In the present study, this possibility


The article provides a comprehensive scientific and theoretical study of the types of dictionaries and their use from the earliest times of the Turkic languages to the present day. After the adoption of Islam, Arabic and Persian became one of the most important languages. Later, with the development of science in the West, the use of Latin and Greek languages became a trend. The article describes the internal structure and features of dictionaries used in the Ottoman era and the Turkic world. It also explains the importance of dictionaries in the Chagatai language. Dictionaries ensure thepreservation ofthe country as a nation, the steady transfer ofthe spiritualriches of people to the future.The author considers that grammar books and dictionaries are two important factors that preserve the grammatical rules and system of the language. The dictionaries of a particular language are valuable historical monuments as a study of the nature of the language of that time, as evidence ofthe level ofdevelopment ofdoctrines, andauxiliarydata showing the activevocabulary ofthattime


This article evaluates and discusses cases of truncation in BrazilianPortuguese (BP). A general evaluation of truncated forms in BP ispresented within traditional grammatical approaches, and we alsoconsider some proposals presented in manuals of morphology.Finally, we consider some articles that focus on theoretical issuesrelated to truncation. In order to have a better understanding oftruncation in BP we organized an experiment to evaluate over ahundred truncated forms. Results from our experiment indicatethat truncated forms tend to follow general patterns, althoughsuch patterns are not categorical. We also distinguish truncatedforms from cases of reduction of lexical items. Our results offerinsights for future analyses on truncation and reduced forms inBP and may also contribute to the discussion of the interactionbetween phonology and morphology.


This paper demonstrates the extent to whichchanges in business risk helppredictthe capital structure choices of Nigerialisted companies.The findings support a U-shaped function between earnings volatility and total debt ratio. In normal times when the threat of insolvency is low, firms cut their average rate of borrowing relative to total assetsby between 1 and 4 percent a year. However, they raised it by between 5 and 22 percent during periods of heightened market anxiety. This suggests that policies whichlower the expected bankruptcycosts relativeto company value will discourage an unnecessary use of debt.


Due to the phenomenon of route overlapping, issues with bus transit have never been easily handled. For transit models and transit trip guidance, accurate quantitative data have to be retrieved from transit database. The appropriate representation of bus transit entities is of key importance in these tasks. The simple route-stop bus data model is efficient at the macro level and has been applied in many transport-related applications. However, a more comprehensive data model is needed to cope with different levels of needs as well as complicated situations existing in heavily bus-oriented cities. A multi-tier, object-oriented bus data model is developed in response to these requirements. The multi-tier data model puts transit features under one unified framework, which facilitates multi-scale applications of bus transit system.


Broadcast authentication is an important security primitive in wireless sensor networks. Costs of Tree- based muTESLA are rising rapidly with more senders in networks, which limit its use in large-scale networks. To removing such a limit, this paper presents a muTPCT-based broadcast authentication protocol which mainly rests on constructions of muTPC (muTESLA parameters hash chain) and muTPCT (muTPC Merkle tree). The proposed protocol makes an improvement of tree-based muTESLA. It constructs muTPC to distribute and authenticate the initial parameter of muTESLA. Then it constructs muTPCT to distribute and authenticate the initial parameter of muTPC. Analysis and experiments have shown our proposed protocol has the ability of resisting DoS attacks against the distribution of muTESLA parameters and revoking authenticating powers of compromised nodes on time. It also outperforms the tree-based muTESLA by reducing the cost of computation, communication, and storage needed, which makes our proposed protocol more applicable to large scale sensor networks.


In order to study the influence of the soil-structure interaction on numerical simulation of seismic response analysis of a high-rise building structure, the paper selects a high-rise building( structure monitoring network) with obtained seismic observation data as research object. The finite element software Abaqus and the obtained seismic observation data of Yaoan earthquake in 2009 are used to employ for the elastic time-history analysis of the both soil condition model of the structure( horizontal layering and inclined layering). Furthermore, the calculated structural responses and the acceleration response spectrums are compared with the recorded data. The comparison between the time-history analysis results and the recorded dataafter Yaoan Earthquake shows that the calculation results of the inclined layering model is bigger than the recorded data in the both direction. Since inclined layering model has a obvious significance on the dynamic performance of the structure, we should select a model like real soil as far as possible if not it will bring big errors when a high-rise building is studied under ground motions.


Diabetic ulcers can lead to infection and amputation. Using insole can help to reduce and prevent foot ulceration and amputation in a diabetic patient. The aim of this study was to analyze the effect of wearing an insole with different density on standing and walking plantar pressure distribution. Methods: A group of 10 diabetic patients participated in this one-grouped before-after trial. Plantar pressure distribution was measured during walking and standing. Repeated Measure was used to test differences. Results: Repeated measure test showed that use of insole decreased foot pressure while walking significantly ([Formula: see text]). Pairwise comparison showed that wearing shoe insole with shore 30 decreased pressure compared to wearing shoe insole with shore 50 ([Formula: see text]) and walking without insole respectively ([Formula: see text]). Conclusion: The insole has more effect on plantar pressure during walking than standing, it also concluded that insole with shore 30 decreased pressure during walking more than that of the insole with shore 50. It could be said that patients who suffer from pain and discomfort on hind and forefoot may benefit insole with shore 30 to relieve from plantar pressure on the hindfoot and forefoot regions during standing and walking.


A simulation was carried out for the evaluation of the model and performance of the solar thermal energy technologies in the field of study and the results of the simulation were analyzed for the estimation of the increase of the production of heavy crude according to the generation of steam for continuous injection that provides the use of solar thermal energy.


A method of immunoassay of a component to be measured in a sample containing hemoglobin, characterized by reacting the component to be measured in the sample containing hemoglobin to an antibody capable of binding the component to be measured in the presence of a bile acid derivative which is different from a bile acid derivative derived from the sample; a method of suppression of an effect of hemoglobin in the method of immunoassay of a component to be measured in a sample containing hemoglobin; and a reagent for immunoassay of a component to be measured in a sample containing hemoglobin, characterized by containing a bile acid derivative. ® KIPO & WIPO 2009


Both the observational data and the theoritical model are used to study the seasonal cycle of sea-surface height in the Bay of Bengal(BOB).It is shown from the results that the baroclinic Rossby waves generated by the local wind stress curl are the main factors for controlling the seasonal variation of the BOB sea surface height.In addition,the BOB bottom topography give a certain effect on the variation.The baroclinic Rossby waves generated by the wind stress curl can be propagated across BOB in a short time to make a quick rosponse of the thermoclines and to ensure the quasi-static sverdrup balance in the upper ocean.The cyclonic(anti-cyclonic) circulation pattern appears in the upper ocean of the northern BOB while the anti-cyclonic(cyclonic) pattern in the southern BOB in summer(winter),which results from the effects given by the southwest(northeast) monsoon forcing.


This paper investigates the application of the genetic algorithm in active control of inflatable structures. The algorithm is used to search for the optimal tensions, which minimize membrane wrinkles. A genetic algorithm-based control system is developed using MATLAB, LabView, and Automation Manager. The control system is tested on a 200 x 300 mm rectangular Kapton membrane pulled by three tensions along each edge. Different tension combinations are exerted onto the membrane through SMA actuators. All tensions are calculated through the strains of a thin aluminum strip installed in the tension links. A vision system is developed to measure the membrane flatness under different tension combinations. Testing results show that the genetic algorithm works very well in finding the optimal tensions.


Industrial wireless sensor networks (IWSN), sensing is possible using sensors and it is equipped with a processor that processes collected information. The wireless sensor network consists of a sensor node, a small wireless transmission and reception device that is transmitted, and a sink node that collects it and exports it to the outside world. Such sensors play an important role in the Internet of Things, which includes sensing functions of all ages, from traditional sensors to physical sensors to smart sensors. Unlike traditional networks, which have been means of communication, the mobility of sensors is being addressed as an important issue as they are used for various application development based on automated remote information collection. Based on this, this paper proposes a mobility management technique (SF-IoT) for smart factory using IoT technology in sensor-based PMIPv6 network. Performance analysis was performed taking into account mobility costs, and analysis results show that the proposed technique is an efficient technique compared to the existing PMIPv6 (Proxy Mobile IPv6) and SPMIPv6 (Sensor Proxy Mobile IPv6).


Having introduced the distinguishing feature and mechanism of single-carrier with frequency domain equalizer(SC-FDE) system,several kinds of equalizer structure in frequency domain which are suitable for SC-FDE system are proposed,such as zero forcing equalizer,minimum mean square error equalizer,least square equalizer,minimum mean square error-decision feedback equalizer,adaptive frequency domain equalizer and adaptive equalizer with the signal processing method by OFDM.Furthermore,by using performance simulations on Matlab platform under SUI-3 and SUI-5 channels respectively,those equalizers are compared and some meaningful conclusions have been made.


Maintenance and restoration activity of archaeological structures are often recorded only on paper and not according to standardised procedures. For this reason a large amount of information produced daily can be neither referred to nor elaborated. The geographical location of building materials and deterioration patterns, the relations between decay and environmental data, quantitative information on restoration work, products and techniques, are some of the types of information normally generated in the conservation sector which at present are not being used to improve the quality of the restoration activity or to accomplish the institutional task of strategic programming. The main purpose of this research project was to devise a qualitative and quantitative method to evaluate the behaviour over time of products used for the protection and restoration of architectural surfaces, and to establish a single criterion for certifying their performances. Only after the procedures used to record the different kinds of data (geometrical survey, building materials, deterioration patterns etc.) have been standardised will it be possible to correlate and elaborate them, exchange information through a system of local and remote networks, and produce synthesis outlines. The proposal has been tested on the monumental complex of Khor Rori in the Sultanate of Oman. The fortified city, built at about the end of the first century B.C., for the protection of a natural harbour, was located on the main maritime route that crossed the Indian Ocean, the Red Sea and the Nile, connecting Rome and the Mediterranean Basin to India (the Frankincense road). The study and the restoration of Khor Rori, chosen as a "pilot project" by the Italian Ministry of Foreign Affairs and financed by public organisations in Italy and Oman, will help to clarify the historical, commercial, and cultural relations between the Mediterranean and the Southern Arabian peninsula. This study has been conducted with the support of Siatel S.n.C. of Perugia and the Studio Menci of Arezzo.


African Swine Fever (ASF) is a lethal, highly infectious viral disease of domestic pigs, often characterized by widespread haemorrhage, morbidity and mortality of 100%. The causal agent is a DNA virus, ASF virus (ASFV) of the Asfarviridae family. The transmission cycle involves wild vertebrate hosts such as bushpigs (Potamochoerus porcus) and mainly warthogs (Phacochoerus aethiopicus), but also an invertebrate host, the soft tick Ornithodoros porcinus porcinus from the Ornithodoros moubata complex. This tick inhabits warthogs' burrows. The epidemiology of the disease, the potentially ravaging effect on pig populations and crossing international boundaries, as well as the lack of an effective vaccine or treatment make ASF a considerable international interest.


The Rhein-Main Region is the decentralised conurbation around Frankfurt am Main with a huge and modern traffic network. To improve the travellers mobility in this region, the WAYflow project develops a comprehensive mobility and traffic management scheme using new innovative techniques. Important aspects are the co-operation of all responsible traffic authorities and the creation of regional intermodal traffic management strategies. An information pool with multiple agent technology connects the existing decentralised databases of different traffic information suppliers. A so called "MobiChip" works as a user-friendly interface between the user and the mentioned pool of traffic information to ease access to information and to gain individual mobility advice. The project is funded partly by the German Ministry of Research and Education. It started at the end of 1998 and will last 4 years. (A*) For the covering abstract see ITRD E110327.


For someone who has been "laboring in the word and teaching," or even just a good student of the Scriptures, to mention a given biblical book is to bring to mind a set of ideas, impressions, even events. For many, to think of the Pastoral Epistles is to think of "chair" passages in bibliology. Certainly at the top of the list would be the great passage of 2 Timothy 3:15-16 on the inspiration of the Scriptures. Closely associated may also be Paul's admonition to "handle accurately the word of truth" (2 Tim 2:15). To these one could also add 1 Timothy 1:9, "the Law is good provided that it is used appropriately, since we know that the Law was not enacted for the righteous man . . . ." In this brief study, the goal is to probe this passage in order to see if it can contribute anything to the area of bibliology known as hermeneutics. What does this passage reveal about the principles guiding Paul in his interpretation of the Law? Does this passage or surrounding context actually illustrate how these principles function? In the process we will need to unpack some interpretively challenging issues in order to show that hermeneutics is at the heart of this passage. Then we will move on to try to surface the hermeneutical principles at work as well as any indications as to how these principles are actually worked out in the text. In the end, this will hopefully make a small contribution to that endless discussion on Paul and the Law as well as to the relationship of the approach to the Law in 1 Timothy to that of Paul elsewhere.


A fast image denoising algorithm based on probability wavelet shrinkage is proposed. Stationary wavelet transform coefficients were shrunken by posterior probability of being a signal according to Bayes' rule. Instead of various sophisticated probability distribution models, the simple standard Gaussian model was used to describe prior distribution of noise-free wavelet coefficients. Experimental results show that our algorithm is much fast than algorithms that based on generalized Gaussian distribution but without any denoising performance decline.


Owing to the competitive advantages of cost reduction, system downsizing, and reliability enhancement, position sensorless control methods for permanent magnet synchronous machine drives have drawn increasing attention from academia to industrial applications. In this article, a survey of the major sensorless control techniques for a wide speed range from low to high speeds is presented. The different high frequency signal injection schemes, fundamental pulsewidth modulation excitation methods, and model-based sensorless control are displayed and compared, which is able to facilitate the sensorless control implementation.


A high supersonic, shocked and heated jet at a Reynolds number of 105 is computed by large-eddy simulations (LES) to directly determine its radiated sound field, using low-dissipation schemes in combination with an adaptative shock-capturing method. The jet exit parameters are a Mach number of Me = ue/ce = 3.30, a static pressure of Pe = 0.5 × 105 Pa and a static temperature of Te = 360 K, where ue and ce are the exit velocity and sound speed. The aerodynamic and the near acoustic fields are compared with to theoretical results and experimental data. Some insights into the far acoustic field are finally shown.


AbstractTitle: The New Type of Music Industry at AllEars.se (Den nya musikbranschen pa AllEars.se)Number of pages: 49 (53 including enclosures)Author: Viktor BackemarTutor: Else NygrenCourse: Media ...


Licorice, root of the leguminous Glycyrrhiza, is one of the most frequently employed botanicals in foods and traditional medicines. Constituents in licorice are known to have antioxidant, anti-tumor, anti-allergic, antiviral and estrogenic properties. However, there is no report on the effects of licorice on male and female reproductive organs. In this study, to investigate whether licorice affects the antioxidant system of male and female reproductive organs, we analyzed the mRNA expression patterns of superoxide dismutase (SOD) family (types 1 and 2) in the reproductive organs of rats exposed to licorice. Licorice extracts (0.5, 1, and 2 g/㎏ body weight) were treated per oral to male and female rats for 4 and 5 weeks, respectively. Total RNAs were extracted from male reproductive tissues (testes, epididymides, prostates, and seminal vesicles) and female reproductive tissues (ovaries, uteri), and then RT-PCR was performed with the specific primers of each SOD gene. SOD1 mRNA was weakly increased by 0.5 and 1 g/㎏ of licorice in testes, and increased by 0.5, 1, and 2 g/㎏ in epididymides. It was increased in prostates and was irregularly increased in seminal vesicles at all doses tested. SOD2 mRNA was weakly increased in testes at all doses tested. It was weakly decreased by 0.5 g/㎏, and was increased by 1 g/㎏ of licorice in epididymides, but greatly decreased by treatment of 2 g/㎏ of licorice in prostates. It was increased by 1 g/㎏ of licorice, but greatly decreased by 2 g/㎏ of licorice in seminal vesicles. SOD1 mRNA was weakly increased in ovaries at all doses tested, and was weakly increased by 2 g/㎏ of licorice in uteri. SOD2 mRNA was not changed in ovaries, but was slightly decreased in uteri at all doses tested. These findings indicate that licorice may influenced the antioxidant system of male and female reproductive organs, although further study is necessary.


Аbstract: In 2012, rescue excavations at the sites of "Bunishteto" and "Druganski Pat" uncovered and partially investigated a previously unknown necropolis, revealing a total of 400 m long stone piles with a total area of 6575 sq. m, 55 Early Iron Age graves and approximately the same number of graves from the 6th–4th century BC. By size and structure, the necropolis is unique: in a region without stone, substantial stone constructions had been erected, following a predesigned plan for a continuous usage of the terrain and the facilities. It was likely a regional necropolis.


INTRODUCTION
Pulmonary embolism (PE) is a serious condition with mortality estimates of up to 10%. We sought to investigate the diagnosis of PE, time to access imaging and diagnostic utility of each modality in a rural emergency department (Ed).

METHODS
We completed a retrospective chart review to determine the investigations performed and treatments initiated in the management of suspected PE in a rural hospital.

RESULTS
A total of 47 charts from a 5-year period were reviewed. Of these, 83.0% indicated a D-dimer test was ordered, and 31.9% and 40.4% indicated either ventilation-perfusion (V/Q) or computed tomography (CT) were ordered during the ED visit. Computed tomography diagnosed 11 of the 12 instances of confirmed PE. Mean time to patients undergoing V/Q or CT was 1.58 and 1.59 days, respectively. Low-molecular-weight heparin was started in 83.0% of patients.

CONCLUSION
In this ED there may be over reliance on the D-dimer test, irrespective of Wells score. Access to V/Q and CT were similar to that of an urban centre. Empiric anticoagulation was started in most patients.


Through experiment it proves that ceramic thermo-mechanical drill bit is feasible. The wear resistance of Sialon-SiC material is 2.8 times as much as that of YG alloy. The cost of Sialon-SiC is only 1/10 times that of YG alloy. Using hot-press techniques to fix ceramal in drill bit is trusty.


Several studies have focused on the research of biomaterials that remain satisfactorily, long-term implanted in the human body. Considerable progress has occurred on the understanding of basic mechanisms regarding bone tissue-biomaterial interfaces, and your effect on bone formation as well. Cells culture is one of the methods used to study the cellular component and its interaction with biomaterial surfaces related to toxicity, attachment, proliferation, and function. However, these tests are usually static and cannot reproduce the dynamics and biodiversity that a biomaterial is prone when inserted into a living organism. The purpose of this study was to perform a literature review on the subject and their implications for oral implantology.


Climate change is one of the world's most serious problems right now. It has impacted negatively on countries, individuals, and societies, resulting in a high level of poverty as a result of its touch on livelihoods. Nigeria, one of the most densely populated countries on the planet, with a population of 180 million people, half of whom live in abject poverty, is considered sensitive to climate change. Government policies have attempted to address this issue; nevertheless, mitigation, adaption, and other attempts have not yielded the needed positive results. This is because the government lacks the political will to do so in light of the state's development concerns. From the Marxian political economy perspective, it is discovered that countries' levels of development have influenced their responses to climate change in a variety of ways. Thus, the paper recommends among others that, to check climate change, all key stakeholders should collaborate to achieve climate change mitigation and adaptation, and that addressing climate change should be multi-sectoral in nature rather than confined to specific departments within the various ministries.


In this manuscript, we describe medical applications of each first-row transition metal including nutritional, pharmaceutical, and diagnostic applications. The 10 first-row transition metals in particular are found to have many applications since there five essential elements among them. We summarize the aqueous chemistry of each element to illustrate that these fundamental properties are linked to medical applications and will dictate some of nature's solutions to the needs of cells. The five essential trace elements—iron, copper, zinc, manganese, and cobalt—represent four redox active elements and one redox inactive element. Since electron transfer is a critical process that must happen for life, it is therefore not surprising that four of the essential trace elements are involved in such processes, whereas the one non-redox active element is found to have important roles as a secondary messenger.. Perhaps surprising is the fact that scandium, titanium, vanadium, chromium, and nickel have many applications, covering the entire range of benefits including controlling pathogen growth, pharmaceutical and diagnostic applications, including benefits such as nutritional additives and hardware production of key medical devices. Some patterns emerge in the summary of biological function andmedical roles that can be attributed to small differences in the first-row transition metals.


THREE SPECIES of albatrosses (Family Diomedeidae) are breeding residents in the North Pacific-Laysan Albatross (Diomedea immstabilis), Black-footed Albatross (D. nigripes) , and Steller's or Short-tailed Albatross (D. albatms ) . At various times each of these has been decimated by man, and for some time D. albatms was believed to be extinct. Their fate is by no means certain now, and scientific interest in them is growing, particularly in the two species resident on the Leeward Islands of the Hawaiian chain (D . imrnutabilis and D . nigripes) . In our own attempts to gather information on these birds from the literature we experienced great difficulty, for, while the total number of published articles and books is not too large, the bibliographies in published works are incomplete or inaccurate, and the papers are scattered in many journals. Accordingly, we have attempted to prepare a bibliography that is as complete as we can make it now. Each reference has been read, classified, and abstracted, and this publication embodies the results. This bibliography does not represent all of the literature on the North Pacific albatrosses, but we believe it includes all major works. We have a few incomplete references which we have been unable to verify or identify as yet. When found these will be read and abstracted. Also other references may turn up or be called to our attent ion. We hope to be able to publish these, as soon as all are found, in a supplement. The bibliography is arranged alphabetically and chronologically by first author. This is followed by a combined taxonomit and subject index. Each reference, besides containing the


This paper presents the high capacity single-tone Radio over Fiber (RoF) system utilizing advanced modulation technique in conjunction with optimized dispersion compensation scheme to support the high data rate transmission upto 120 Gbps. The proposed system incorporates the Integrated-Alternate Mark Inversion (I-AMI) modulation and Symmetrical-Symmetrical-Post (SSP) compensation technique to enhance the spectral efficiency as well as to reduce the chromatic dispersion effects in long-haul RoF link. The proposed system i.e., I-AMI with SSP has been examined at 60, 80, 100 and 120 Gbps bit rate for various transmission distance. The simulation results obtained in terms of Q-factor, Bit Error Rate (BER) and eye diagram reveal that the proposed system provides wider eye-opening, low BER and high Q-factor as compared to the existing system. The proposed I-AMI with SSP provides the Q-factor of 30.47 whereas the I-AMI with PSP and AMI with SSP provides the Q-factor of 18.77 and 18.40 respectively at 80 Gbps bit rate over a transmission distance of 800 km.


This study is based on the theory of academic self-concept from March and the theory of academic emotions from Pekrun in an attempt to examine a model to mathematics learning model for junior high students. The purposes of this study are: (1) to examine the proposed academic self-concept process model and to test the model fit. (2) to analyze whether learning strategies mediate the association between academic self-concept and academic achievement.(3) to analyze whether academic emotions mediate the association between academic self-concept and academic achievement, (4) to combine academic self-concept and academic emotion variables to understand whether those variables interaction produces learning synergy. The results support the hypotheses that Observed data were analyzed by SEM and the model comparison approach. Implications for theory, instructional intervention and future research are discussed.


Mycotoxins are toxic secondary metabolites and most mycotoxins produced by filamentous fungi can grow on food, especially before harvest and in storage. When humans and animals eaten, inhaled or absorbed through the skin mycotoxins, it can cause illness or death to humans and animals. There are 20 groups of secondary metabolites of fungal aflatoxins but only four identified aflatoxin in foods that aflatoxin B1 (AFB1), Aflatoxin B2 (FB2), Aflatoxin G1 (AFG1) and Aflatoxin G2 (AFG2) (Polychronaki et al., 2008: Liu, Y., and Wu, F.2010) A COMPARATIVE


Iron and cobalt inhibited the porphyrin synthesis in presence and absence of δ-amino-laevulinic acid (ALA). ALA greatly stimulated the porphyrin synthesis and inhibited the vitamin B12 synthesis. Addition of ALA removed the inhibitory effect of chloramphenicol and azaguanine on porphyrin synthesis. Azaxanthine decreased the porphyrin synthesis in the bacterial cells in presence of ALA. Sodium azide and 2,4-dinitrophenol inhibited growth and vitamin B12 but had no effect on porphyrin synthesis. Malonate had no effect. It is deduced that ALA is the structural material suitable for porphyrin synthesis.


Kidney stone formation or Urolithiasis is a common problem over many centuries with no guarantee of effective
treatment and, a high recurrence rate. Urolithiasis is precipitation of insoluble and less soluble salt such as Oxalate and
Phosphate in the urinary tract causing obstruction in the urethra resulting in renal colic and, hematuria.
Approximately, 10-12% of the population in industrialized countries are severely affected by Urinary stones. In, only a few
geographical areas is stone disease rare, e.g., in the coastal areas of Japan and Germany. It was believed that, 11% of people
in India are suffering from urinary stone problems, and approximately 50% of these cases may lead to severe renal damage.
Ultimately it causes severe health issues in terms of urinary tract obstruction, severe pain, and infection that adversely affects
the health of individuals.
Diuretics and narcotic analgesic like drugs which are used to prevent and cure urolithiasis are not effective in all cases and
are costly, give quite common recurrences, risk long term fertility and, other potential side effects are observed. So, humans
are forced return to Nature for safe remedies using herbal treatment. A great number of Indian medicinal plants have been
investigated in the treatment of urolithiasis, and they have been reported to be safe and effective.
In the present review, an effort has been made to highlight such herbal medicines which are potentially effective in the
management of urolithiasis.


This article introduces a PC monitor vending machine system with Siemens S7-200 programmable controller as the PLC and software configuration king 6.53(King View) as the upper machine to achieve control.Practice has proved that the PLC and configuration king 6.53 software combinations can facilitate the realization of the design and testing of the automated monitoring system.The system operates normally with practical applications.


To confirm that estrogens may be responsible for an increase in histidine transamination, 37 menopausal women being treated with oral estrogens (potassium salt of estrone sulfate or equilenin) underwent histidine loading tests before and after treatment. There was a highly significant (p.001) increase in total "transamination metabolites" after estrogen treatment; there was no significant effect on creatinine excretion or urocanic acid output. Unusual chromatographic patterns were observed in nearly all of the urine specimens studied. In 2-solution paper electrophoresis, histidine streaked badly. This might have been due to some unknown substance excreted by the menopausal women.


Background The Living with Pulmonary Fibrosis (L-PF) questionnaire assesses symptoms and quality of life in patients with fibrosing interstitial lung diseases (ILDs). Its Dyspnoea and Cough domains, whose items' responses are based on a 24-hour recall, have scores ranging from 0 to 100, with higher scores indicating greater symptom severity. We evaluated the ability of these domain scores to detect change and estimated their meaningful change thresholds in patients with progressive fibrosing ILDs. Methods The INBUILD trial enrolled subjects with progressive fibrosing ILDs other than idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. The L-PF questionnaire was completed at baseline and week 52. The responsiveness of the Dyspnoea and Cough scores was evaluated by comparing changes in these scores with 52-week changes in three anchors: forced vital capacity % predicted and two self-reported items, one for global physical health and one for global quality of life. We used a triangulation approach including anchor-based and distribution-based methods to estimate meaningful change thresholds. Results The analyses included 542 subjects with an L-PF Dyspnoea score at baseline and week 52, and 538 subjects with an L-PF Cough score at baseline and week 52. The L-PF Dyspnoea and Cough scores were responsive to change over 52 weeks. Triangulation of anchor-based and distribution-based estimates resulted in meaningful change thresholds of 6 to 7 points for the L-PF Dyspnoea score and 4 to 5 points for the L-PF Cough score to differentiate subjects who were stable or improved from those who deteriorated. Conclusion These analyses support the responsiveness, one aspect of validity, of the L-PF Dyspnoea and Cough domains scores as measures of symptom severity in patients with progressive fibrosing ILDs. Estimates for meaningful change thresholds in these domain scores may be of value in interpreting the effects of interventions in these patients. Trial registration number NCT02999178.


The major object of this paper is to isolate and culture bovine embryonic germ(EG) cells derived from primordial germ cells(PGCs) as well as to identify the EG cells from various aspects.Some factors influencing the efficiency of the isolation and culture bovine EG cells have been discussed.When co-culture the EG cells with somatic cells,there will be some colony in primary culture,which maybe account for homologous somatic cells can sustain the EG survive and proliferation.When we use the tissue culture method,the colony of EG cells is very less and EG cells cannot proliferate effectively,as well as the passage culture.With 0.125% trypsinase + 0.02% EDTA disrupt gonad,comparing effect of different dispersal methods on the passage of the EG cells,the method of "digest + blowing disperse" was fine,which was simple and can save more time and labours and better to keep the activity of the EG cells.An Immunohistochemistry assay was carried out to characterize the colonies of bovine primory EG cells,and expression of stage-specific embryonic antigen SSEA-1,3,4 was detected,but the expression was feeble.The EG cells can differentiate into fibroblast-like cells,epithelia-like cells and embryoid body.


In recent years, the use of automobiles in people's lives has become more and more widespread, and the rapid growth of the number of cars has caused problems such as traffic congestion and traffic safety. IEEE 802.11p is a communication protocol extended by the IEEE 802.11 standard and is mainly used for in-vehicle electronic wireless communication. In vehicle communication, complex channel environments have high requirements for channel estimation performance. In this paper, a baseband communication system based on IEEE802.11p is established, and several channel estimation algorithms are evaluated in the simulation environment. A weight-based channel estimation algorithm is proposed for training sequences and data pilots in a frame structure. The simulation results show that the algorithm improves 1-2dB under the condition of 10-4.


This paper examines the financing patterns of 30 Malaysian shariah-compliant construction firms listed on Bursa Malaysia for a period from 2007 to 2014. It retraces the financing patterns of the firms during the sample period to identify whether some patterns can be linked to the economic cycles. Our observation on the firms' financing behaviour supports the mixed evidence on the consistency of capital structure theory. Nonetheless, this study claims an association between financing behaviour and economic sentiments. Albeit not being able to explain the capital structure decision during economic downturn, the study did reveal that firms do prefer debt to equity in the economic revival phase, and prefer to use combination financing in a cautious unpredictable economy. There is apparent evidence that firms' financing behaviour and economic sentiments are very much related. This action corresponds with investors' preference that generally chooses less risky investments during period of high economic uncertainties.


Several longitudinal studies of Alzheimer's disease (AD) report heterogeneity in progression. We sought to identify groups (classes) of progression trajectories in the population‐based Cache County Dementia Progression Study (N = 328) and to identify baseline predictors of membership for each group.


The shoreline utilization intensity,the index which can be used to evaluate the shoreline utilization efficiency of excavated-in layout and alongshore layout,is introduced to evaluate and compare the existing excavated-in layout and the alongshore layout.Introducing the restricting factors of the index,i.e.land width and land supporting area to realize the quantitative analysis of the shoreline utilization efficiency of the excavated-in layout.Then the evaluation index is applied to the engineering project,through which,the reasonable numerical scope of shoreline utilization intensity is obtained.


values of critical shear stress and much higher values of the erosion coefficient compared to the JET tests performed by the USDA team on surface sediments. Critical shear stress was poorly resolved in the BET results because of the limited number of results per site, but the erosion coefficients derived from BET results were systematically lower than those obtained using the EFA. A new, simplified approach is also proposed to estimate the increase in channel cross-sectional area during a large flood, given data describing the initial river cross section, riverbed erodibility parameters, and peak flood discharge and duration. The model runs until the cross section erodes to an equilibrium condition or the flood ends. Output describes the area of the cross section at the end of the simulation and the time required to reach equilibrium if it was reached within the simulated period. The model assumes unique, constant values for both the critical shear stress and the erosion coefficient and represents the fluid mechanics in a simplified way, making it of limited value for quantitative predictions. It does, however, provide an indication of which cross sections are most likely to undergo the greatest change in the design event and can be used to investigate sensitivity of erosion predictions to variability in sediment erodibility measurements.


Objectives: The objective of this study is to examine similarities and differences in terms of the influence of social capital on depression among older Chinese and Korean immigrants. Methods: The study used data collected from both 172 Chinese and 210 Korean immigrants living in Los Angeles County. The variables included depression Geriatric Depression Scale-Short Form, (GDS-SF), social capital (five indices of norms, trust, partnership in community, information sharing, and political participation), and demographics. Results: The study found that partnership in community was significantly associated with a lower level of depression for both the groups. On the other hand, political participation was only associated with a lower level of depression for older Chinese immigrants. Also, norms and information sharing were only associated with a lower level of depression for older Korean immigrants. Conclusion: There was an evidence for the correlation between social capital and depression in older Chinese and Korean immigrant population. It suggests the needs to develop social programs and service in order to build more social capital for older immigrants.


Based on the typical meteorological year data of Shanghai city, annual performances of solar water heating (SWH) system and photovoltaic/thermal (PV/T) system are comparatively analyzed under three different cases. The results show that when only solar energy is used, the effective day number of SWH system is more than PV/T system under the same case every month; for the PV/T system, heat loss at the nighttime dissipates most of the absorbed solar energy under the continuous heating mode considering the nighttime heat loss case; initial water temperature determines system electric efficiency. On the whole, PV/T system offers competitive performance only under the auxiliary heating mode, no matter from the points of primary efficiency and static payback period.


In view of the current epidemic of contact allergy to methylisothiazolinone (MI), it is important to clarify the extent of use of MI and related isothiazolinones in paints currently available for the consumer and worker in Europe.


In this article, we will discuss how the theories of crisis intervention, self-care, and behavior direct our psychiatric home care practice. A brief discussion of the theories will be followed by a case example that illustrates their application to a psychiatric home care situation.


At each stage of the product development process, the designers are facing an important task which consists of decision making. Two cases are observed: the problem of concept selection in conceptual design phases and, the problem of pre-dimensioning once concept choices are made. Making decisions in conceptual design phases on a sound basis is one of the most difficult challenges in engineering design, especially when innovative concepts are introduced. On the one hand, designers deal with imprecise data about design alternatives. On the other hand, design objectives and requirements are usually not clear in these phases. The greatest opportunities to reduce product life cycle costs usually occur during the first conceptual design phases. The need for reliable multi-criteria decision aid (MCDA) methods is thus greatest at early conceptual design phases. Various MCDA methods are proposed in the literature. The main criticism of these methods is that they usually yield different results for the same problem [22,23,25]. In this work, an analysis of six MCDA methods (weighed sum, weighted product, Kim & Lin, compromise programming, TOPSIS, and ELECTRE I) was conducted. Our analysis was performed via an industrial case of solar collector structure development. The objective is to define the most appropriate MCDA methods in term of three criteria: (i) the consistency of the results, (ii) the ease of understanding and, (iii) the adaptation of the decision type. The results show that TOPSIS is the most consistent MCDA method in our case.


The initiation of dedicated databases for the U.S. National Science Foundation (NSF)-supported Ridge2000 and MARGINS programs provides the opportunity to develop a data management system capable of handling the primary data types of marine geoscience research. Ridge2000 and MARGINS are broad initiatives focused on fundamental problems of crustal creation, evolution, and destruction along the world's tectonic plate boundaries.These programs involve the collection of a wide range of geophysical data types, as well as rock, fluid, and biological samples, and time series data. An effective data management scheme is essential for the success of the Ridge2000 and MARGINS programs, to facilitate integration of the broad suite of studies carried out within


The aim of this study was to examine the causal relationship among social sport participants` service quality, customer satisfaction, loyalty and repurchase intention. Study subjects were 250 users of six social sports centers in the capital area and sampled with the convenience sampling method. Collected data of 233 users were used in study analysis, except data of 17 users of which reliability seemed to be problematic. Data were statistically processed with the SPSSWIN Ver. 12.0 Program and Amos 7.0. And the investigator used such statistical analytic methods as descriptive analysis and correlation analysis. In addition, the structural equation model (SEM) was used to examine the causal relationship between variables. Study findings are as follows: First, the service quality of social sport centers has a positive influence upon the customer satisfaction. Second, the customer satisfaction of social sport centers has a positive influence upon the loyalty. Third, the loyalty of social sport centers has a positive influence upon the repurchase intention. Fourth, the customer satisfaction of social sport centers has a positive influence upon the repurchase intention. Fifth, the customer satisfaction of social sport centers not has a direction influence upon the repurchase intention but has an indirection influence upon it through the medium of loyalty.


Abstract The present production study investigates the prosodic phrasing characteristic of sentences containing a relative clause with two possible noun phrase antecedents [Noun Phrase 1 Noun Phrase 2 Relative Clause] in the variety of Spanish spoken in the Basque Country. It aims to establish the default prosodic phrasing of these structures, as well as whether differences are found in phrasing between native and non-native speakers. Additionally, it examines the effect on prosodic phrasing of constituent length and familiarity with the sentences (skimming the sentences prior to reading them aloud). To do that, the productions of 8 Spanish monolinguals, 8 first language (L1) Spanish/second language (L2) Basque bilinguals, and 8 L1Basque/L2Spanish bilinguals are examined. A default phrasing consisting of the prevalence of a prosodic break after NP2 ([NP1 NP2/RC]) is obtained, and differences are found between the prosodic contours of native and non-native speakers. Additionally, a constituent length effect is found, with a higher frequency of prosodic boundaries after NP2 as RC length increases, as predicted by Fodor's Same Size Sister Constraint. Last, familiarity with the sentences was found to increase the frequency of occurrence of the default phrasing.


16  Abstract— Concrete is the most widley used construction meterial across the world Due to the persistent and continuous demands made on concrete to meet the various difficult requirements, extensive and wide spread research work is being carried out in the area of concrete technology. Researchers have developed variants of concrete composites like Admixture Concrete, Fiber Reinforced Concrete (FRC), Polymer Impregnated Concrete (PIC), High Performance Concrete (HPC), Self Compacting Concrete (SCC), Geopolymer Concrete etc. But certain inherent properties like low ductility, formation of shrinkage cracks etc. cannot be rectfied Formation of cracl is a major problem, these cracks propagate in all direction causes corrosion of reinforcement in structures The introduction of different types of fibres to the conrete mix helps to improve the different mechanical properties of concrete and also helps to reduce the cracks formation to a great extent.The present study is steel and polester hybrid fibre concrete and a comparison of which with conventional concrete mix and also find out the optimum dosage of steel fibre in the hybrid reinforced concrete Presently, concrete includes the use of steel fibre and polister hybried fibre, etc. . The entire project work has been divided into two phases, namely Phase-I and Phase-II. The theoretical and experimental studies have been carried out. The strength properties are studied for the conventional concrete. In the present experimental investigation, Concrete grade of M30 has been deisgned. A combination of mineral admixtures likesteel fibre, Recron 3S Polyster fibreOPC is used..


AbstractA rapid dispersive liquid-liquid micro-extraction (DLLME) methodology based on the application of 1-hexylpyridinium hexafluorophosphate [C6py][PF6] ionic liquid (IL) as an extractant solvent was applied for the pre-concentration of trace levels of cobalt prior to determination by flame atomic absorption spectrometry (FAAS). 1-Phenyl-3-methyl-4-benzoyl-5-pyrazolone (PMBP) was employed as a chelator forming a Co-PMBP complex to extract cobalt ions from aqueous solution into the fine droplets of [C6py][PF6]. Some effective factors that influence the micro-extraction efficiency include the pH, the PMBP concentration, the amount of ionic liquid, the ionic strength, the temperature and the centrifugation time which were investigated and optimized. In the optimum experimental conditions, the limit of detection (3s) and the enrichment factor were 0.70 µg L−1 and 60, respectively. The relative standard deviation (RSD) for six replicate determinations of 50 µg L−1 Co was 2.36%. The calibration graph using the pre-concentration system was linear at levels 2–166 µg L−1 with a correlation coefficient of 0.9982. The applicability of the proposed method was evaluated by the determination of trace amounts of cobalt in several water samples.


BACKGROUND
In theory, a positive relationship is expected between the quality of a consultation and a patient's subsequent health status. However, such a relationship has not yet been firmly established in daily practice.

OBJECTIVE
We aimed to study the relationship between the quality of the first consultation in a new episode of non-acute abdominal complaints and subsequent health status of patients in general practice.

METHODS
Quality scores for 743 consultations were calculated on the basis of review criteria developed by expert panels. Functional health status was measured by the SIP (Sickness Impact Profile) at baseline, and at 1 and 6 months after the consultation. Multilevel regression analysis was used to examine the relationship between the quality of consultations and health status, and to identify factors of influence on this relationship.

RESULTS
In the majority of these patients (97%) health status improved regardless of consultation quality. In patients with malignant disease, and chronic colitis, however, an association between consultation quality and subsequent health status was found: in those with a high consultation quality score (>66-percentile) the health status deteriorated in the first month but improved over the following 5 months; in those with a low consultation quality score (<33-percentile) it deteriorated continuously.

CONCLUSION
For the great majority of patients we found no relation between the quality of consultation and health status. However, for a very small subgroup of patients there is proof of benefit from better quality consultations.


Objective To investigate the feasibility of simplified intensity-modulated radiotherapy (sIMRT) and concurrent chemotherapy against neck and upper thoracic esophageal carcinoma with lymph node metastasis.Methods sIMRT plans were designed for 44 patients of neck and upper thoracic esophageal carcinoma with lymph node metastasis, 20 of which underwent high dose sIMRT (hsIMRT group) and 24 underwent conventional dose sIM RT (csIMRT group).Three target volumes were defined:PGTVnd, target volume of lymph node lesion, irradiated to 68.1 Gy ( 2.27 Gy × 30 fractions ) for the hsIMRT group, and 60 Gy (2.0 Gy ×30 fractions) the csIMRT group; PTV1, the target volume of primary lesion, to be irradiate to 63.9 Gy (2.13 Gy × 30 fractions) for the hsIMRT group and 60 Gy (2.0 Gy × 30fractions) for the csIMRT group; PTV2 , the prophylacticly irradiated volume, to be irradiated to 54 Gy (1.8 Gy ×30) for both groups.The sIMRT plan included 5 equiangular coplanar beams.All patients received DDP + 5-FU regimen concurrently with radiotherapy at 1 -5 d and 29- 33 d, respectively.Chemotherapy was repeated for two cycles 28 days after the radiotherapy was finished.Results The treatment was completed for all patients within 6 weeks.During the treatment only one patient with grade 3 acute bronchitis was observed in the hsIMRT group.The complete response (CR) rate for the lymph node lesion of the hsIMRT group was 75% ( 15/20 ), significantly higher than that of the csIMRT group [45.8% ( 11/24), x2 = 3.84, P < 0.05].The 1-, 2-, and 3-year progression-free survival rates of the hsIMRT group were 60%, 40%, and 25% , respectively,all significantly higher than those of the csIMRT group (41.7%, 25%, and 8.3% respectively, x2 = 4.11,P < 0.05).However, there were not significant differences in the total survival rate, and the CR and PR of the esophageal lesion between these 2 groups.The major toxicity observed was grade Ⅰ -Ⅱ leukoctyopenia.Conclusions sIMRT generates desirable dose distribution for neck and upper thoracic esophageal carcinoma.hsIMRT has a better short-term efficacy than csIMRT.High dose radiotherapy toward metastatic lymph nodes helps increase progression-free survival.

Key words:
Esophageal cancer;  Simplified intensity-modulated radiotherapy;  Dose;  Prognosis


This article notes that Chilean regulation does not provide, for the intermediate stage of ordinary criminal proceedings, an appropriate procedural control on the legally compulsory exercise of criminal prosecution. This lead to an state of affairs in which there are multiple and important opportunities in which, exercising the prosecutor discretion, the prosecution may be abandoned, thus reversing the original decision of the model that moved from a discretionary to a mandatory rule. Discretionary prosecution – compulsory prosecution – end of criminal investigation – provisional closure – abandon of the prosecution


Multiquantum-well structures can be applied to the high-frequency IMPATT oscillators. The first CW operation of GaAs/AlGaAs multiquantum-well IMPATT oscillators at 100 GHz is reported here. Preliminary results yielded 6.4-mW CW power at 100.3 GHz in a nonoptimized circuit. Significantly higher powers are anticipated with further optimization of the circuit parameters. The modern epitaxial technology opens up a new field for two-terminal high-frequency sources. © 1995 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.


What not to do to thrive in your career The presentation will examine options that are usually available to psychiatrists during their training and early in their career and propose criteria which should be used to select or discard them. Among the criteria proposed – in addition to personal interest - should be the amount of time that engaging in a particular pursuit might take, the potential gain of the engagement later on in one's career, the likelihood of expanding the circle of friends and acquaintances and several others. Disclosure No significant relationships.


The article analyzes the causes resulting in the apartment's collapse,that is,the integral collapse of the building due to improper bracing system and construction technique.


CIMA (Chartered Institute of Management Accountants) and ICAS (Institute of Chartered Accountants Scotland) are in discussion about offering routes to CIMA membership and the CGMA designation.


Even though health care organizations clearly need to make full use of all their potential leaders, including women, females continue to be underrepresented in most levels of leadership. What are the major barriers to women's advancement in the health care field, and what strategies can health care organizations use to overcome these barriers?


Abstract The motion of single and multiple gas bubbles in an otherwise stationary liquid contained in a closed right vertical cylinder is investigated using a modified volume-of-fluid (VOF) method incorporating surface tension stresses. An isolated bubble was considered in a separate paper [4], where the initial bubble radius was small in comparison with that of the cylinder and watt effects were negligible. In this work the focus is on the interference effects during the motion of two initially spherical bubbles in a gravitational field, as well as the influence of the container wall on the bubble motion: the initial bubble diameter in the present study is more than half the cylinder diameter. The bubble size is also much larger than that required to satisfy the condition in which the gas can be treated as incompressible. In addition, the effect on bubble motion of the inclusion of evaporation at the gas-liquid interface as well as the bursting of a bubble through a five surface are considered. The modif...


The nudging data assimilation algorithm is a powerful tool used to forecast phenomena of interest given incomplete and noisy observations. Machine learning is becoming increasingly popular in data assimilation given its ease of computation and forecasting ability. This work proposes a new approach to data assimilation via machine learning where Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) are being taught the nudging algorithm. The accuracy of the proposed DNN based algorithm is comparable to the nudging algorithm and it is confirmed by the Lorenz 63 and Lorenz 96 numerical examples. The key advantage of the proposed approach is the fact that, once trained, DNNs are cheap to evaluate in comparison to nudging where typically differential equations are needed to be solved. Standard exponential type approximation results are established for the Lorenz 63 model for both the continuous and discrete in time models. These results can be directly coupled with estimates for DNNs (whenever available), to derive the overall approximation error estimates of the proposed algorithm.


The heterogeneity of the reservoir of Ordovician system in Tahe Oilfield is serious, and the water-oil relation is complex, water breakthrough in the oil well is the main reason that causes production drawdown. The sources of the water body in the water breakthrough well include the leakage fluid and the acid fracturing fluid remained, relic water in the bottom of the fracture-cave unit. The water body in the lower part of the fracture-cave unit is connected by acid fracturing. The output of the leakage fluid always presents the pattern of water cut decline which has low influence on the production. The output of the relic water and the water body in the lower part are different because of the energy of the water body, the height of the oil-water contact and the difference of the vertical permeability. It is a effective way to enhance the ultimate degree of reserve recovery in the reservoir that take steps to stabilize oil production and control water cut ofthe different resources ofthe water bodyand different characteristics ofwater breakthough.


LBL -3475 1 UC-406 Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA Accelerator & Fusion Research Division Presented at the NATO Advanced Study Institute, Maratea, Italy, June 28- 1Llly 10, 1992, and to be pUbli shed in the Proceedings The Properties of Undulator Radiation M.R Howells and B.M. Kincaid September 1993 Prepared for the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract Number DE·AC03-76SF00098


The investigation of chaotic motions and cooperative systems offers a magnificent opportunity to involve modern physics in the basic course of mechanics taught to engineering students. In this paper, it will be demonstrated that the Zeeman machine can be a versatile and motivating tool for students to acquire introductory knowledge about chaotic motion via interactive simulations. The Zeeman catastrophe machine is a typical example of a quasi-static system with hysteresis. It works in a relatively simple way and its properties can be understood very easily. Since the machine can be built easily and the simulation of its movement is also simple, the experimental investigation and the theoretical description can be connected intuitively. Although the Zeeman machine is known mainly for its quasi-static and catastrophic behaviour, its dynamic properties are also of interest with its typical chaotic features. By means of a periodically driven Zeeman machine, a wide range of chaotic properties of the simple systems can be demonstrated, such as bifurcation diagrams, chaotic attractors, transient chaos, Lyapunov exponents and so on. This paper is organically linked to our website (http://csodafizika.hu/zeeman) where the discussed simulation programs can be downloaded. In a second paper, the novel construction of a network of Zeeman machines will be presented to study the properties of cooperative systems.


The effects of acetycholine on 14C-assimilates translocation are studied with source-channel-sink of Isatis tinctoria L.The experiments show that 0.01mmol/L treatments of acetycholine on the phloem, can improve the output of 14C-assimilates in leaves indicating that acetycholine enhances the activity of phloem transport.