corresponding author. Type of Review: Peer Reviewed. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.21013/jas.v15.n2.p1 How to cite this paper: Ding, Q., Song, Y. (2020). Exponential Synchronization of Inertial Cohen–Grossberg Neural Networks with Time-Varying Delays via Periodically Intermittent Control. IRA International Journal of Applied Sciences (ISSN 2455-4499), 15(2), 15-29. doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.21013/jas.v15.n2.p1


A simulation methodology ofr estimating the probability of the occurrence of a given rare event in a complex probabilistic system is presented. The practical implementation of the critical value stratification variance reduction technique is given in detail to explore the problems that arise in the generation of sample values where one usually encounters dependent continuous distributions. The methodology is set in the context of evaluating optical bar code systems and the effectiveness of alternative decoding logic schemes. The objective in these applications is to estimate the probability of various types of decoding errors (1×10—4 or smaller). The methodology presented should prove a valuable guideline for developing specific procedures when one attempts to use Monte Carlo Simulation for estimating probabilities of rare events in complex systems.


Connecting with the engineering practice, this paper analyzes th e causes of the defects of bridge's pile foundation, and introduces some common me thods for the quality control of pored pile in the construction of the bridge, w hich are proved by the practice to be effective and practicable.


The ΛCDM paradigm which describes the evolution of structure predicts the existence of large numbers of low mass (< 10 to 10 M ) halos. A cosmic census of such objects in the local neighborhood has in the last decade suggested that such objects are rarer than expected from numerical simulations, a problem often referred to with the label of "missing satellites" (Klypin et al. 1999l; Moore et al. 1999). Figure 1 illustrates the case, showing the dark matter distribution in the vicinity of a large, central galaxy resembling the Milky Way, surrounded by a hierarchy of lower mass halos. Observationally, this problem has been dramatized by both the scarcity of dwarf systems and the recent discoveries of circumgalactic fossil structures in wide field optical surveys such as 2MASS and SDSS.


We report a controlled study investigating the effect of visual information (i.e., seeing the speaker) on spoken language comprehension. We compare the ERP signature (N400) associated with each word in audio-only and audio-visual presentations of the same verbal stimuli. We assess the extent to which surprisal measures (which quantify the predictability of words in their lexical context) are generated on the basis of different types of language models (specifically n-gram and Transformer models) that predict N400 responses for each word. Our results indicate that cognitive effort differs significantly between multimodal and unimodal settings. In addition, our findings suggest that while Transformer-based models, which have access to a larger lexical context, provide a better fit in the audio-only setting, 2-gram language models are more effective in the multimodal setting. This highlights the significant impact of local lexical context on cognitive processing in a multimodal environment.


Abstract Community forestry is quite likely the most prominent form of development intervention in the present era. It has gained momentum since the 1970s, and now covers more than 25 per cent of the total forestlands globally. However, the introduction of commercialisation into community forestry, controlled by private capital, has not only undermined the livelihood requirements of poor people, but also swiftly deteriorated forest conditions. By unfolding the nature of commercialisation in community forestry in Nepal, this article argues that pro-poor entrepreneurship models of producing forest resources through a partnership between poor people and community groups could be an appropriate alternative to develop economic opportunities and forest conservation.


The optimal duration of treatment in patients with juvenile idiopathic arthritis, especially systemic JIA (sJIA), is a major concern for parents and physicians alike. Innovative medicines have managed to control this otherwise potentially life-threatening condition1 However, questions remain regarding the duration and the best timing for cessation of treatment.


A survey of 34 UK R & D organizations found that over 60% recognized unions at some level. Many had negotiated full bargaining agreements for particular groups of staff. Although unions came in for plenty of criticism, on the whole organizations which had recognized unions felt far less negatively about them than those which had not. The former were sometimes able to point to specific benefits they had gained from dealing with white collar unions.


The
 objective of this investigation was to examine the development of tissue
 lesions and their cellular composition in goats after experimental infection
 with MAP. A total of 26 goat kids received 10-times every 2 to 3 days 10 mg
 bacterial wet weight of MAP (total dose of 2.6 x 108cfu MAP) beginning at 11 to 20 days of life. Groups of
 6-7 infected and 3 age-matched control goats were necropsied at 3, 6, 9 and
 12 months post inoculation (mpi), and tissue
 samples collected from the intestinal tract, regional lymph nodes and
 additional organs. Macroscopic lesions were documented, histological lesions
 were evaluated in HE-stained paraffin sections and MAP was detected by
 immunohistochemistry and by bacterial culture. To characterize the local host
 reaction, CD4+, CD8+ and γδ
 T lymphocytes, B lymphocytes, plasma cells, CD68+, CD25+
 and MHC II+ cells were labeled in
 granulomatous lesions in jejunal peyer's patches (JPP) and mucosa-associated lymphoid
 tissue at the ileocecal valve (ICVPP) of goats
 infected with MAP. For comparison, the respective cells were also labeled in JPP and ICVPP without lesions of control
 goats. Most
 goats were in the clinically inapparent phase of paratuberculosis: 25 of the 26 goats inoculated with MAP
 were in good to very good nutritional condition and passed species-specific
 formed feces. Nevertheless, granulomatous
 infiltrates characteristic for paratuberculosis
 were detected in all 26 infected goats by histology. The macroscopic
 examination revealed focally to diffusely thickened JPP in the proximal and
 mid jejunum of 3 of the 7 goats examined as early as 3 mpi.
 In these animals granulomatous infiltrates consisted predominantly of epitheloid cells, some multinucleated giant cells as well
 as many CD4+ and γδ T
 lymphocytes. Severe infiltrates of inflammatory cells were frequently
 associated with ulcerations of the mucosa and circumscribed fibrous serositis. Only very few MAP were detected by
 immunohistochemistry. This was interpreted as local immune reaction capable
 of limiting the proliferation of MAP.
 Bacterial
 culture was more sensitive compared to immunohistochemistry to detect MAP in
 the tissues. The cultural isolation of MAP from tonsils, retropharyngeal
 lymph nodes and superficial cervical lymph nodes indicates that tonsils are
 also important ports of entry besides intestine. There appears to be,
 however, no significant multiplication of MAP in these extraintestinal
 tissues.
 During
 the further course of infection, lesions spread to regional intestinal lymph
 nodes and to intestinal mucosa not associated with GALT. The granulomatous
 arteritis observed in several goats at 6, 9 and 12 mpi
 may play an important role in the dissemination of granulomatous infiltrates
 in the intestinal wall. There was no general progression in the extent and
 severity of lesions with time post inoculation. Instead, inter-individual
 differences between the goats became more evident. This divergence of lesions
 was particularly pronounced at 12 mpi. Four goats
 had multifocal infiltrates of few epitheloid cells
 and multinucleated giant cells with single MAP. These small granulomatous
 foci were surrounded by numerous CD4+ T lymphocytes, B lymphocytes
 and plasma cells in 3 goats. This type of lesion was interpreted as marked
 immune reaction that eliminates MAP locally and limits the extent of lesions.
 In contrast, confluent to diffuse infiltrates of epitheloid
 cells with many MAP developed in the other 3 goats. The overall number of
 lymphocytes was reduced in these lesions. The uncontrolled multiplication of
 MAP and spreading of lesions appears to correlate with a decreased cellular
 and humoral immune response. The model
 of experimental infection of goats was suitable to investigate the
 development and factors influencing early lesions of paratuberculosis.
 The results of this investigation allow the reconstruction of the complex
 cellular immune reactions postulated for the pathogenesis of paratuberculosis in situ, at the site of the initial
 infection with MAP, in the gut-associated lymphoid tissue. They indicate that
 host-specific factors and early individual host-pathogen interactions
 influence manifestation and progression of MAP infection.


M. Francon, translated from the French by B. Jeffrey ; translation edited by J. H. Sanders Oxford: Pergamon Press. 1966. Pp. ix + 139. Price 20s. This book covers the subject matter of a course on Fraunhofer diffraction effects, i.e. diffraction at infinity or at a point focus, given by the author at the Institute of Optics in Paris. The treatment and subject matter are suitable for undergraduate physics students.


Plants possess a lot of beneficial effects in traditional systems of medicine. Boerhavia diffusa Linn., a potential medicinal plant used in the system of Ayurvedha, belongs to the family Nyctaginaceae. The bioactive compounds, Alkane, CO 2 , Alkene, Sulfate, phenol, Alkyl aryl ether and Alkyl halide are found to be present in the leaves of B. diffusa through IR irradiation studies. The comparison of FTIR spectrum of raw plant leaf with aqueous extract and ethanol extract in the combined form shows that the effect of B. diffusa is same in any extract form since the bioactive components determined are identical in all the three studies. The possible medicinal values of the active groups detected are discussed in the context of pharmaceutical interest.


Introduction. In conditions of the high density of urban development, efficient use of municipal lands is of particular relevance. Food production facilities make up a significant sector of many cities' economy, including centers of ferrous and non-ferrous metallurgy, chemistry, petrochemistry, mining, etc., i.e., settlements where significant areas are limited in use by sanitary protection zones. Resolution of the Government of the Russian Federation dated March 3, 2018, No. However, such a justification is a scientific and methodological problem since there is no regulatory consolidation of the procedure. The purpose of the study was to develop and practically test methodological approaches to justification the admissibility (inadmissibility) of placing a food production facility in the sanitary protection zone of enterprises in other line of the industry. Material and methods. Design and technical documentation were studied on sources of data on air quality at the industrial site and indoors, and the quality of food products. Authors performed hygienic assessment of the safety and quality of air, raw materials, water, and manufactured food products for compliance with sanitary requirements and standards. When analyzing potential threats to contamination of food products, a mechanism was used to isolate critical points of the technological process. Results. An algorithm for the formation of the evidence base of the absence (presence) of the negative impact on food quality, the fact of the location of the production facility in the sanitary protection zone of a large industrial enterprise on the quality of food products is proposed. On the example of the production of juices from natural concentrated products, each step of the algorithm has been worked out: analysis of the technological process of production; hazard identification, instrumental measurements of the quality of environmental objects and raw materials and products. Conclusion. The proposed algorithm allows creating a reliable evidence base for deciding on the admissibility (inadmissibility) of the location of the food production facility in the sanitary protection zone of the enterprise with a different type of activity, tested in real conditions of a large industrial unit. The algorithm can be used as a base for the widespread use and further improvement.


A fusion technology development and demonstration concept is conceived using a plasma based volumetric neutron source capable of providing a range of fusion power and wall loading levels during testing, developing, and demonstration stages of operation. The high performance anticipated for the spherical torus (ST) plasma permits large physics margins for the initial neutron wall loading of 0.5 MW/m/sup 2/, while still allowing a long-term power reactor relevant physics performance goal of 5 MW/m/sup 2/ with reduced margins. An ST-VNS takes advantage of low magnetic field and compact plasma to implement full remote replacement of the center leg of the toroidal field coil, the divertor, the first wall, the shield, and the test blanket modules. At the initial stage of operation, only modest neutron wall loading (0.5 MW/m/sup 2/) would be attempted. Success in achieving reliable operations at 2 MW/m/sup 2/ in wall loading at a later stage would fulfill the goals of the VNS; success at 5 MW/m/sup 2/ mould permit component testing for the demonstration power plants. This approach of ST-VNS provides a realistic opportunity for the ultimate demonstration of safe, reliable, and environmentally attractive fusion systems.


In order to prove the existence of weak solution for the complex Monge-Ampere equation in the pseudoconvex domain,the sub-solution is constructed by the properties of the domain.According to the theorem that the sub-solution can imply the solution,the existence of weak solution in some special pseudoconvex domain is obtained.The results show that the sub-solution is based on the properties of the domain.


The effect of abattoir wastes and other anthropogenic activities on the distribution and abundance of zooplank- ton and environmental variables were investigated in Orogodo River, southern Nigeria. Samples of zooplankton were col- lected for a period of six months from three stations, representing upstream of the river course, effluent discharge point and downstream of the river course. A combined total of 79 species of zooplankton were encountered in the study. Station 1 recorded the highest number (78 species), station 2 with 22 taxa and station 3 with 72 representative taxa, showing re- covery in terms of diversity and abundance of zooplankton. Rotifers of the order Bdelloidea dominated all the stations and were relatively high in station 2 indicating their tolerance to a wide range of impact. Generally, the cladocerans were abundant at all stations. However, Moina micrura, and Thermocylops neglectus were the only members of this group re- corded in station 2. The low fauna diversity experienced in station 2 throughout the period of sampling showed strong evidence of impact arising from the abattoir waste discharge and heavy human activities at that station. Local environ- mental conditions (i.e. Temperature, flow velocity, depth, dissolved oxygen, alkalinity and conductivity) accounted for 69% of variation in zooplankton assemblages using canonical correspondence analysis (CCA). Seasonal trends in zooplankton community composition were also related to changes in environmental characteristics of the river. Our re- sults indicate that the changing water quality status of the Orogodo River affected the zooplankton diversity and abun- dance and such measure could be used as a biomonitoring tool to determine the ecological health of the river.


The purpose of this study was to describe the quality control and production targets of tangerines (Citrus reticula). The activity was carried out on March 02, 2020 to March 20, 2020 at the Research Institute for Citrus and Subtropical Fruits, Batu City, East Java Province and Supervised Street Vendors were carried out on June 1, 2020 to June 06, 2020 which were carried out virtually or online.The sub-achievements of students are able to control quality and production targets consist of 2 activities, namely organoleptic testing on citrus juice drinks and quality control of tangerines. The quality control of tangerines includes three stages, namely quality control before the production process, quality control during the production process, and post-harvest quality control of tangerines.


In this paper, a novel method was proposed to measure the residual stress and plasticity parameters of metal materials with yield plateau through continuous spherical indentation test. The indentation energy was selected as the indentation parameter to establish a dimensionless equation between the residual stress and material parameters through dimensional analysis method. The effects of residual stress and plastic parameters on the indentation response tests are studied, and the dimensionless function expressions are determined respectively when the specimen with or without residual stress based on the finite element analysis data of different residual stress levels. Based on the self-established inverse analysis, the yield strength ( σ y ), strain hardening exponent (n), ratio coefficient (a) and residual stress ( σ r ) can be obtained through indentation test. At last, the validation of the method presented in this paper was verified by simulating the material (SS400 and SM490) with the known material parameters.


5G mmWave is being rapidly deployed by all major mobile operators. With the technology still in its infancy, several early research works analyze the performance of operational 5G mmWave networks. Nonetheless, these measurement studies primarily focus on single-user performance, leaving the sharing and resource allocation policies largely unexplored. In this paper, we fill this gap by conducting the, to our best knowledge, first systematic study of resource allocation policies of current 5G mmWave mobile network deployments through an extensive measurement campaign across four major US cities and two major mobile operators. Our study reveals that resource allocation among multiple flows is strictly governed by the cellular operators and flows are not allowed to compete with each other in a shared queue. Operators employ simple threshold-based policies and often over-allocate resources to new flows with low traffic demands or reserve some capacity for future usage. Interestingly, these policies vary not only among operators but also for a single operator in different cities. We also discuss a number of anomalous behaviors we observed in our experiments across different cities and operators.


The request from the portable telephone, the sound data transmission audition music data delivering server to the portable telephone, the user of the portable telephone without charge, or charged to the user after the music data transferred to the portable telephone formal. Audition music data transmitted by the portable telephone is actually reproduced; however, the number of the reproduction limited, audition music data is deleted from the memory of the portable telephone after audition the music data is reproduced a predetermined number of reproduction times. Therefore, to provide a system in which a mobile phone user can get incoming data call audition music tune without having to pay fees, and can use a mobile phone user's actual audition reproduction of the music data.


The purpose of this project was to design a tool management system that can reduce unavailability rate of tool, reduce loss rate of tool, and provide tool preparation information. The system based on a study conducted at Production Engineering Department of canned seafood factory which responsible for machine maintenance. The study showed a high loss rate of tool at 5.75 tools per month and resulted in tool unavailability. The main problem was lack of data management system. They were no usage records and no inventory records. The solution of this project was to put tool management system in place. The project procedure started with a tool information survey and a tool handling process study. From การประชุมวิชาการข่ายงานวิศวกรรมอุตสาหการ ประจ าปี พ.ศ. 2555 17-19 ตุลาคม 2555 ชะอ า เพชรบุร ี 190 gathered data, the project then proceeded with a defining of system requirement which form a structure of database. A database was then built utilizing Microsoft Access and the corresponding user interface by Visual Basic. The barcode system was also implemented to improve accuracy and speed of data input process. The finished system can record tool usage and inventory, can report unavailable tools, and can provide tool preparation information for each machine in the study. The result of implemented system in aforementioned company showed no tool loss during the course of study.


Introduces the document type definition of maintenance planning information in S1000D,three examples demonstrate how to establish maintenance planning information in IETM,the article has a good guiding and reference meaning for the design of IETM.


Reducing the electrolyte amount is critical for the high specific energy of lithium–sulfur (Li–S) batteries in practice. The reduced electrolyte condition (a so‐called "lean electrolyte") raises a complex situation for sulfur redox reactions since the reactions rely on the electrolyte mediation. The insulating nature of discharge product Li2S and its uncontrollable accumulation (passivation) at the cathode interface is one of the major challenges for stable cycling of a Li–S battery under lean electrolyte condition. In this study, it is presented that the NH4TFSI additive in electrolyte solution greatly alleviates the passivation issue in Li–S batteries under lean electrolyte conditions. The ammonium additive enhances the dissociation of Li2S and largely reduces the insoluble and large Li2S particles in the sulfur cathodes, which facilitate the reversible and sustainable redox reactions of sulfur. Therefore, the cycle life of Li–S batteries under lean electrolyte conditions is significantly improved. In addition, it is found that the morphology of Li anodes is dependent on the cathode structures. An ammonium additive enables homogeneous surface of cathode and Li anode and extended cycle life.


We construct a general approach to the decomposition of the tangent bundle of pseudo-Riemannian manifolds into direct sums of subbundles, and the associated decomposition of geometric objects. An invariant structure Hr defined as a set of r projection operators is used to induce decomposition of the geometric objects into those of the corresponding subbundles. We define the main geometric objects characterizing decomposition. Invariant nonholonomic generalizations of the Gauss–Codazzi–Ricci's relations have been obtained. All the known types of decomposition (used in the theory of frames of reference, in the Hamiltonian formulation for gravity, in the Cauchy problem, in the theory of stationary spaces, and so on) follow from the present work as special cases when fixing a basis and dimensions of subbundles, and parametrization of a basis of decomposition. Various methods of decomposition have been applied here for the unified multidimensional Kaluza–Klein theory and for relativistic configurations of a pe...


The present study aims to examine whether selenium alleviates ammonia stress conditions. The LD50 of Am- monium Sulphate and Sodium Selenite was determined, after toxicity testing evaluation. It is 62.5 mg/kg body weight for ammonium sulphate and 1.5mg/kg body weight for sodium selenite. The selected sub lethal concentrations of ammonium sulphate and sodium selenite are 12.5 mg/kg body weight and 0.3 mg/kg body weight respectively. These are administered through intraperitonial method to rats for one week. After one week treatment, antioxidative enzymes like Superoxide dismutase (SOD), Cata- lase (CAT), Glutathione peroxidase (GPx), Glutathione reductase (GR) activities were estimated in Kidney tissue of albino rats by using standard methods. The impact of sodium selenite in rat under ammonia stress is discussed. After determination of LD 50 dose, 1/5 of the LD 50 (12.5 mg of am- monium sulphate/Kg body weight) was selected, as sub lethal concentrations of Ammonium sulphate. This concentration was selected, so as to keep the animals in ammonia stress but will not result in mortality. Similar studies using sodium selenite was performed to understand the effect of Selenium and 0.3mg of sodium selenite /Kg body weight is selected as the test dose. Healthy adult animals were divided into four groups containing six animals each. The first group of animals was considered as control, the second group of animals treated with ammonium sulphate, third group animals treated with sodium selenite and fourth group treated with ammonium sulphate treated rats with sodium selenite. The control and experimental animals were sacrificed by cervical dislocation at the end of the treatment i.e., 7 days and Kidney tissue was collected and stored in deep freezer at - 20 0


Introduction/Background; Maternal depression is a serious and common disorder that can compromise a woman's health, reduce their quality of life and functional status and may negatively impact pregnancy outcomes. Depression is commonly under-recognized and undertreated in immigrants and refugee. Therefore this study was conducted to determine the magnitude and associated factors to maternal depression among reproductive age group women. Methods: A cross-sectional study design was used and data were collected using structured interviewer administered questionnaire from 422 women who was available in Shimelba refugee camp during. Data was analyzed using SPSS version 20. Descriptive statistics and binary logistic regression were used to identify factors associated with maternal depression. Result: The prevalence of depression was 44%. Spousal abuse was significantly associated with maternal depression, women who did not have at least one spousal abuse were 50.9% (AOR 0.491; 0.305-0.789) less likely to be depressed as compared to those who have spousal abuse. Women with nuclear family type were 50.5% (AOR 0.495; 95% CI (0.307-.798)) less likely to be depressed compared to other family members. Conclusion and Recommendations: the magnitude of maternal depression was high spousal abuse and family type were the main predictor variables for maternal depression among refugee women. A multifaceted intervention such as Gender based education is required to the refugees.


Using Monte Carlo method,calculated are the relationships between X-ray energy and dose enhancement factor(DEF)at gold-silicon dioxide interface,and the effect of the differ- ent gold thicknesses on the DEFat this interface.The results show that the DEFrelates with the gold thickness.The DEFincreases with the gold thickness,from 1μm to 9μm,and above 9 μm,the DEFdecreases with gold thickness.When the X-ray energy ranges from 10to 250keV, there are interface dose enhancement in varying degrees with two distinct peaks and the maximum dose enhancement factor is 40.4.


In Kaluza-Klein theories of low-scale quantum gravity, gravitons and isosinglet neutrinos may propagate in a higher-dimensional space with large compact dimensions, whereas all particles of the standard model are confined on a (1+3)-dimensional subspace. After compactification of the extra dimensions, the resulting Yukawa couplings of the Kaluza-Klein neutrinos to the lepton doublets become naturally very suppressed by a higher-dimensional volume factor, in agreement with phenomenological observations. We show that one-loop effects induced by Kaluza-Klein neutrinos, albeit tiny individually, act cumulatively in electroweak processes, giving rise to a nondecoupling behavior for large values of the higher-dimensional Yukawa couplings. Owing to the nondecoupling effects of Kaluza-Klein neutrinos, we can derive stronger constraints on the parameters of the theory that originate from the nonobservation of flavor-violating and universality-breaking phenomena, which involve the W and Z bosons, and the e, \ensuremath{\mu}, and \ensuremath{\tau} leptons.


The use of two fuse elements of different rating, in series, in a high-voltage fuse device is described in this paper. The two elements are placed in a tube and the tube is filled with an arc-extinguishing substance and sealed; one end with an expellable plug. In operation the lower rated element melts first on an overcurrent and draws an arc; the energy from this arc is used to build up a pressure and forces the sealing plug out which establishes a second arc. Then the pressure in the tube blasts the arc extinguishing substance into the second arc and interrupts the circuit. For convenience, the circuit-interrupting part of the device is built in the form of a cartridge refill for insertion in a fuse tube or holder. Seven years of field experience have been obtained and is reported in this paper. The device has been applied on circuits up to 60kv.


Abstract In this article, catalytic decomposition of methane for hydrogen production over several domestic commercial activated carbons was performed at a fixed bed reactor. The effects of the textural properties and surface chemistry of the activated carbon on its catalytic performance in methane decomposition were investigated; furthermore, the correlation between these properties and the catalytic performance is studied as well. The results show that the initial rate of methane decomposition has no correlation to the surface area of the activated carbon, which indicates that only a portion of the entire surface is active for methane decomposition. On the other hand, the correlation between the total amount of methane conversion during the process and the pore volume of the activated carbon is nearly linear, because the bigger pore volume can accommodate more carbon deposition from methane decomposition, while it has no relation to the micropore volume of the activated carbon. The oxygenated functional groups of the activated carbon mainly decompose to CO and CO2 during the temperature-programmed desorption process and the concentration of these groups has a certain relation to the initial rate of methane decomposition.


In this paper,a new spectrophotometric method is proposed for the determination of troxerutin based on the chromogenic reaction with the 4-aminoantipyrine after oxidized by potassium ferricyanide in basicity borax solution.The proposed procedure has a linear range of(1.6×10~(-5))~(2.4×10~(-4)) mol·L~(-1).The recovery is in the range of 98.20%~103.3%.This method is proved to be rapid,simple and sensitive when applied to the determination of troxerutin in tablets with good results.


Decentralized Optimal Load Scheduling using Extremum Seeking-Based Optimization Maojiao Ye, Guoqiang Hu and Costas J. Spanos Abstract— In this paper, we address an optimal electricity load scheduling problem for consumers in industrial parks. The industrial consumers are regarded as price-anticipating users since they have large electricity demand. A non-model based online distributed optimization scheme is proposed to achieve optimal load scheduling by which the social cost is minimized. In the proposed method, the social optimum is derived without the coordination of the utility company. Since the explicit expression on the pricing function is usually not available for the consumers due to privacy and fexibility concerns of the utility company, an extremum seeking scheme is used to handle the unknown pricing function. To provide incentives for the industrial consumers to participate in solving the social cost minimization problem, a benefit sharing scheme is designed such that their electricity cost derived by using the proposed method is always not greater than the cost of playing non-cooperative games. An example for industrial buildings with heating ventilation and air conditioning (HVAC) systems is used to verify the effectiveness of the proposed method. Index Terms— Optimal load scheduling; demand response; energy control; extremum seeking; distributed optimization I. I NTRODUCTION Demand response is a mechanism designed to make the users adjust their electricity usage to the desired profile based on supply conditions (see [18]–[20] and the references therein). Normally, there are two categories of users considered in the existing literature: price takers and price-anticipating users (e.g., see [22] and the references therein). The price takers do not suppose that their electricity consumption will affect the price while the price-anticipating users consider the effect of their load consumption on electricity price. Industrial consumers with large electricity loads are typical examples of price-anticipating users. Our interest in this paper, focuses on designing a demand response scheme for industrial users in industrial parks. Considering the effect of loads on electricity price will result in coupled optimization problem for each user. To handle the interactions among the users, game theory is a useful tool for the analysis of the demand response mechanisms (e.g., see [1], [21]–[27], [31] and the references therein). In [21], the authors considered peak-to-average ratio (PAR) minimization and energy cost minimization problem by designing a non- cooperative energy consumption game. A distributed algorithm Maojiao Ye and Guoqiang Hu are with the School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 639798 (E-mail: email@example.com, firstname.lastname@example.com). Costas J. Spanos is with the Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA (E-mail: email@example.com). was proposed to reach the Nash equilibrium. However, the players need to communicate with each other which leads to privacy concerns and the convergence is based on an asynchronous strategy updating mechanism which challenges convergence speed. The authors in [27] studied the interactive behavior among the electric vehicles and aggregators using a non-cooperative game approach. The Nash equilibrium is shown to be the optimal solution by using specific pricing pol- icy. In [22], the authors considered both price takers and price- anticipating users in which the Nash equilibrium coincides with the social optimal solution by choosing the price values carefully. Optimality and fairness issues were considered in [23] where the authors developed a smart electricity billing mechanism to achieve the objective. In [26], the authors proposed a dynamic potential game approach for demand response. The best responses were derived analytically and the efficiency of the equilibrium was studied. Stackelberg game is employed to describe the interactions between multiple utility companies and end-users [24]. A distributed method was pro- posed to ensure the convergence to the Stackelberg equilibrium but the efficiency of the equilibrium is not discussed. Multiple utility companies were also considered in [25] where the authors used a two level game approach to manage demand response. The competition on the utility companies' level is solved via a non-cooperative game and the users are modelled as evolutionary game players. Though, Nash equilibrium may result in a social optimum solution (e.g., the results in [21]– [23], [27]), the efficiency of the Nash equilibrium depends highly on the game structure and therefore, relies highly on billing policy design. For general resource allocation problems, being non-cooperative usually yields inefficient Nash equilib- rium from a system level perspective [28]. Motivated by this fact, we intend to solve social cost minimization problem for electricity consumers in industrial parks with general pricing mechanism designs. Several works studied social optimum seeking in power grid [7]–[9]. However, these methods either require the participa- tion of utility companies or precise model information when seeking the social optimum solution. Different from these methods, in this paper, we develop a distributed optimization method based on extremum seeking (e.g., see [10]–[16]) to schedule the electricity loads for consumers in industrial parks. Compared with existing works, the main contributions of this paper are summarized as follows: 1). We address the optimal electricity load scheduling problem for a network of industrial users in industrial parks under general pricing mechanism designs. 2). We propose a continuous time distributed updating


FEMALE THORACOPAGUS TWINS WERE DELIVERED at 37 weeks' gestation by caesarean section with a combined weight of 4000 g. They were electively intubated and ventilated at birth, and subsequently referred to our institution for cardiac assessment at three days of age. Cardiac catheterisation was performed on the fifth day of life to delineate the degree of cardiac fusion between the twins, in addition to the cardiac anomalies of each respective twin. The first twin, labelled "twin A", had a right-sided heart, with diverticulums from both left and right ventricles, but otherwise normal intracardiac anatomy. The second twin, labelled "twin B", had coarctation (coarct) of the aorta and a small perimembranous ventricular septal defect, with ventricles positioned superiorly and inferiorly (Fig. 1). The twins shared the pericardial sack, with muscular fusion of the hearts at ventricular level. There was also extensive hepatic fusion. Twin B underwent angioplasty of the coarctation, a 5 mm–2 cm balloon delivered via the umbilicus being Cardiol Young 2002; 12: 284–285 © Greenwich Medical Media Ltd. ISSN 1047-9511


This work presents our preliminary results on developing a multi-modality imaging catheter enabling combined ultrasound and photoacoustic imaging. We have developed an optical fiber ring catheter for use with our previously demonstrated 9F, real-time, forward-looking intracardiac ultrasound imaging catheter. Our custom software provides realtime ultrasound and photoacoustic imaging on a PC-based imaging platform. The promising phantom and in vivo imaging results presented here demonstrate the utility of a fully integrated catheter that provides both anatomical and functional information through co-registered ultrasound and photoacoustic imaging capabilities.


Current analysis deals with the history of the pocket book in France, from the publication of the collection Le Livre de Poche in 1953 to the editorial suggestions in the early 21 st century. The materiality of books, format and number of pages, aspects of production and marketing, number of copies and price are underscored. During these 60 years such initiatives as the semi-poche and livre a 10 francs problematize the very idea of the pocket book. A study on the current book market in Frances is also provided.


Numerical approximations of partial differential equations (PDEs) are routinely employed to formulate the solution of physics, engineering and mathematical problems involving functions of several variables, such as the propagation of heat or sound, fluid flow, elasticity, electrostatics, electrodynamics, and more. While this has led to solving many complex phenomena, there are still significant limitations. Conventional approaches such as Finite Element Methods (FEMs) and Finite Differential Methods (FDMs) require considerable time and are computationally expensive. In contrast, machine learning-based methods such as neural networks are faster once trained, but tend to be restricted to a specific discretization. This article aims to provide a comprehensive summary of conventional methods and recent machine learning-based methods to approximate PDEs numerically. Furthermore, we highlight several key architectures centered around the neural operator, a novel and fast approach ( ∼ 1000x) to learning the solution operator of a PDE. We will note how these new computational approaches can bring immense advantages in tackling many problems in fundamental and applied physics.


In order to determine the gender differences in gait pattern during load carriage, 6 male and 6 female construction workers performed load carrying activity for four different load conditions. The loads included a baseline condition in which subject carried no added load. Subjects walked at self-selected speed along the walk way stepping two Kistler Force Plates with load and without load for 15 minutes. Load carried was 20% of subject's body weight. Results demonstrated certain sex specific differences on kinematic pattern in walking. Changes in various walking variables like speed, stride width, stride length, cycle time, double limb support, steps per minute were reported. Walking pattern of both males and females was affected by different modes of load carriage. Males reported maximum exertion during shoulder load whereas females had maximum exertion during hand load. Overall exertion measured by Borg-RPE Scale was found to be more among females as compared with males during the activity. It is important to take careful consideration while giving loads to males and females. Head load is recommended for females and back load for males when carrying 20% of body weight load. In summary, women's gait is characterized by greater changes than men. Characterizing unique gait patterns of women and men during load carriage in construction work may be beneficial for detecting the early stages of walking abnormalities that may lead to pathology with ageing affecting their work life.


Received: 2 October 2011 Abstract Accepted: 10 January 2012 The paper demonstrates the usefulness of the Risk Score method for risk management at professional grinding stations, taking into account the nature of the station's operations. The adoption of consistent processes within a comprehensive framework helps to ensure that risk is managed effectively, efficiently and coherently across the organization. The approach described in this paper introduces the principles and guidelines for managing safety risk in an orderly, transparent and credible manner. The aim of the present study is to reduce occupational hazard at grinding stations.


The weight function method was originally derived for two- and three-dimensional crack problems to calculate stress intensity factors for arbitrary loading conditions. In the present paper the weight function method has been generalized to the response analysis of structures basing upon the Maxwell-Betti's reciprocal theorem, where the weight function method is formulated and applied to two-dimensional elasticity and plate bending problems with illustrative examples. The method is very useful for the analysis of structures subjected to a variety of loading conditions, because once the weight function is calculated the responses such as displacements and stresses may simply be calculated by the integration of the inner product of the universal weight function and a load vector.


The Third Criminal Section of Italian Supreme Court with the sentence n. 30177 of the 16 June 2017 has established very relevant principles about protection of animals, deciding that "(human) interest in not animal suffering" is legally relevant and that "as for the protection of pets and companion animals, the detention of crustaceans on the ice integrates the crime of mistreatment (art 727 Italian criminal code ), because it causes important suffering, for economic reasons, with the consequence that between the economic balance and (human) interest in not animal suffering, this last one is prevailing".


Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) is a well-known technique for the broadband wireless communication system. However, a main problem in OFDM is its vulnerability to frequency offset errors due to which the orthogonality is destroyed that result in Inter carrier Interference (ICI). ICI causes power leakage among subcarriers thus degrading the system performance. This paper studies ICI cancellation scheme which performs better than standard OFDM system. In this paper an effective Intercarrier Interference Self-Cancellation method to compensate the effects of multiple carrier frequency offsets for orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) systems is presented.


In this work, a review of recent studies concerning rare nuclear processes in Hf isotopes is presented. In particular, the investigations using HP-Ge spectrometry and Hf-based crystal scintillators are focused; the potentiality and the results of the "source = detector" approach are underlined. In addition, a short introduction concerning the impact of such kind of research in the context of astroparticle and nuclear physics is pointed out. In particular, the study of α decay and double beta decay of 174Hf, 176Hf, 177Hf, 178Hf, 179Hf, 180Hf isotopes either to the ground state or to the lower bounded levels have been discussed. The observation of α decay of 174Hf isotope to the ground state with a T1/2=7.0(1.2)×1016 y is reported and discussed. No decay was detected for α decay of 174Hf isotope at the first excited level of daughter and of 176Hf, 177Hf, 178Hf, 179Hf, 180Hf isotopes either to the ground state or to the lower bounded levels. The T1/2 lower limits for these decays are at the level of 1016–1020 y. Nevertheless, the T1/2 lower limits for the transitions of 176Hf→172Yb (0+→0+) and 177Hf→173Yb (7/2−→5/2−) are near to the theoretical predictions, giving hope to their observation in the near future. All the other experimental limits (∼1016–1020 y) are absolutely far from the theoretical expectations. The experiments investigating the 2ϵ and ϵβ+ processes in 174Hf are also reported; the obtained half-life limits are set at the level of 1016–1018 y. Moreover, we estimate the T1/2 of 2ν2ϵ of 174Hf decay at the level of (0.3–6) × 1021 y (at now the related measured lower limit is 7.1×1016 y).


Sentiment analysis holds an important place in Natural Language Processing (NLP) due to its utility in resolving different issues in many fields such as e-commerce, politic sciences, social media analysis, cybersecurity, etc. In fact, most of the work done in the field has been dedicated to the sentiment of English texts. However, adapting research findings to the Arabic language and its dialects is not trivial because of their linguistic features. In this work, we apply two supervised methods, namely, Deep Learning and Support Vector Machines (SVM), for sentiment analysis of Modern Arabic and the Algerian dialect. These methods have been applied on a huge annotated dataset collected from different Arabic Algerian sources. Findings are showing promising results in sentiment analysis of the Arabic Algerian dialect.


A new synthesis of p-vinylacetophenone was developed. Copolymers of p-vinylacetophenone and styrene were prepared by copolymerization and by partial Friedel-Crafts acetylation of polystyrene. The copolymers were converted into the oximes, but subsequent reduction was unsuccessful. Beckman rearrangement of the oximes led to insoluble resins. The acetyl copolymers were partially brominated to give an α-bromo-p-vinylacetophenone/p-vinylacetophenone/styrene terpolymers. Nucleophilic displacement of the bromine of these terpolymers with secondary amines yielded α-piperidino- and α-morpholino-p-vinylacetophenone terpolymers. The Delepine reaction of the brominated copolymer produced an α-amino-p-vinylacetophenone terpolymer. The piperidino and amino ketone terpolymers were reduced to the corresponding alcohol derivatives with lithium-aluminum hydride. The amino ketone and amino alcohol terpolymers had moderate solubility characteristics in acidic alcohols and water. The α-amino ketone terpolymer was very sensitive to base and afforded a facile crosslinking of the acetyl copolymer.


I appreciate Neff's comments concerning my statement that "foster families should be encouraged to incorporate the foster child into their own health care system." It became obvious during his commentary that I should have expanded slightly on this subject, rather than "generalizing" in one sentence. It is true that for any "special needs" medical or psychosocial problem, continuous medical care is essential. The responsible social agency should be urged to keep the child with special needs close to his present medical care facility even if his foster care is transferred to another home.


We introduce a precise simultaneous compensation technique of mixed modulator nonlinearity and linear channel impairments in Tomlinson-Harashima Precoding for high-speed IM/DD PAM signaling, and its simultaneous applications to transmitter frequency response equalization, faster-than-Nyquist transmission and chromatic dispersion compensation are demonstrated.


It is very important to identify the possible mechanism of precipitation generation in southeastern China. To determine the weather type (WT) that is likely to generate precipitation, the Jenkinson–Collison classification method was applied to wintertime daily mean sea level pressure data across southeastern China. We found that all WTs with easterly components are prone to generate precipitation. These WTs were merged into one type named the ensemble of easterly wind components (the EE type). The persistence and transformation rules of the EE type are studied. Anticyclone type is the easiest one to convert to EE type. The persistence and transformation rules of the EE type provide favourable conditions for the formation of precipitation. Furthermore, we examined the influence of two common teleconnections (Western Pacific [WP] and Eurasian [EU]) in East Asia in winter on the WTs. When WP is in the positive phase and EU is in the negative phase, EE type weather patterns will appear frequently in southeastern China. At this time, it is most conducive to the formation of precipitation. On the one hand, warm and cold air converge in this area. On the other hand, the prevailing east wind can provide sufficient water vapour. The study implies that whether a WT is easy to produce precipitation can be judged by wind direction. The results will help us better understand the physical mechanism of precipitation generation in this area.


Hardbound. This volume represents a selection of papers presented at the Third International Symposium on Fatigue Design, Fatigue Design 1998, held in Espoo, Finland, 26-29 May, 1998.One objective of this symposium series was to help bridge the gap that sometimes exists between researchers and engineers responsible for designing components against fatigue failure. The 21 selected papers provide an up-to-date survey of engineering practice and a preview of design methods that are advancing toward application.Reliability was selected as a key theme for FD'98. During the design of components and structures, it is not sufficient to combine mean material properties, average usage parameters, and pre-selected safety factors. The engineer must also consider potential scatter in material properties, different end users, manufacturing tolerances and uncertainties in fatigue damage models. Judgement must also be made about the consequences of pote


A STUDY IS MADE OF THE MODIFICATIONS TO HIGHWAY LEGISLATION, ESPECIALLY IN THE FIELD OF EXPROPRIATION AND COMPENSATION. SPECIAL MENTION IS MADE OF THE LEGISLATIVE ASPECTS OF ROAD CONSTRUCTION IN THE PROVINCES.


A process for the synthesis of CdS nanoparticles embedded in hybrid organic/inorganic silica matrices has been developed, based both on colloid and sol-gel chemistry. The large possibilities offered by these techniques allow the study of the influence of various parameters on the luminescence properties of the nanoparticles. Two directions were investigated: first, the authors characterized the surface of the nanoparticles complexed with an organic thiol using NMR spectroscopy. Then, they synthesized new systems to study the influence of chemical modifications, such as the composition of the aggregates (CdS:Mn), the surface (CdS/ZnS core/shell nanostructures) and the interface between the aggregate and the gel matrix.


The prognosis of patients depends on their cardiovascular risk. In the 2019 ESC guidelines [I, II, III] new health targets were defined. The manifestation of cardiovascular disease, diabetes mellitus and its complications and renal function had to be considered. This is a real challenge in daily practice.

 Could the five modifiable health targets blood pressure, hbA1c, LDL, weight loss and smoking cessation be changed in primary and secondary prevention immediately after the release of the 2019 ESC guidelines in a prospective observational trial in primary care?

 Patients from 40 to 75 years of age were identified from 03 SEP to 02 DEC 2019 and followed up three to six months later, until 02 JUN 2020. The CV-risk was calculated. For the informed patient, the best evident therapy was recommended and best support, including lifestyle and diabetes counselling and sport programs provided, as needed. With diabetics, achievements were discussed with the German diabetes pass.

 303 patients were identified as 63.7% males, 74.9% diabetics, 69.3% impaired renal function, 64.7% in primary prevention. The calculated CV-risk was higher in the elderly (74.2% were ≥60 years of age). 78.2% had a high or very high CV risk. Renal function declined with ageing (Table 1).
 Blood pressure and HbA1c values remain stable. LDL values, below 100 mg/dl at start, were reduced in all CV-risk groups after 3–6 months. One third (33.6% of n=217) reached their LDL target. In secondary prophylaxis the LDL value was reduced above 10 mg/dl and 29% of n=72 reduced LDL value below 55 mg/dl. In the highest CV-risk group 22.6% dropped LDL <55 mg/dl. The number of reached health targets raised from 2.1 to 2.5 during the observation. At least 36% of patients reached more health targets (Table 2).

 It is difficult to reach LDL targets in Europe documented in an ESC/EAS Survey [IV]. In the START Registry [V] only 3.2% of the very high-risk patients reached LDL values below 55 mg/dl. The proportion of patients with very high-risk that reached an LDL value below 55 mg/dl could nearly be doubled in this observation. But many patients do still not reach at least three of five health targets and nearly two thirds should lower their LDL value further especially in secondary prophylaxis. Disease management programs should be empowered to ask for reached health goals. New therapeutic options are available as PCSK-9 inhibitors, small interfering RNA molecules (inclisiran), ATP-Citrat-Lyase inhibitors (bempedoinic acid) to reduce LDL values in addition to statins or without. Antisense oligonucleotides (pelacarsen) can change prognosis for patients with very high liporotein(a) values.
 Abbreviations: CV, cardiovascular; CKD, chronic kidney disease; CHD, coronary heart disease; PAD, peripheral artery disease; TIA, transient ischemic attack; ICA, internal carotid artery; UNK, unknown.

 Type of funding sources: None. Table 1. Observed population Table 2. Reached health targets


Background: The Novel coronavirus (COVID-19), which started in Wuhan (China) during December 2019, has spread to the rest of the world until now (July 2020). COVID-19 infections are more prevalent in developed countries rather than in the fast-developing, and underdeveloped countries. Now novel COVID-19 infection is a global health problem. In a fast-developing country like India, the incidence of coronavirus infections is increasing day by day. The fifth phase of lockdown has started in India to reduce the incidence of infection.Purpose: The purpose of this study of the impact of lockdown on the India's environment, according to the literature survey from various research papers, news, social networking, government data (websites), etc., indicates that the lockdown helping to reduce transit in India and at the same time has a great impact on reduced pollution such as air pollution, water pollution, land pollution, etc., thus improving the balance of the environment after March 2020 onwards.Methods: In this work, we have used an online method using various online sources, which has mainly surveyed some important cities in India, have also studied the factors such as air pollution, river pollution, land pollution, etc. and its impact on Indian environment.Results: According to an online survey, lockdown has had a significant impact on the Indian environment, reducing the number of vehicles on the road that improving air quality, reducing river pollution, and having a positive impact on various fields. Lockdown has been very beneficial to the environment.Conclusions: The observations from various parts of the sources show that reduced pollution has also reduced the number of patients in hospitals, mainly jaundice (yellow fever), chikungunya, typhoid, respiratory diseases, etc. This review article explains the brief analysis of the impact of COVID-19 lockdown on India's environment.


A catheter assembly (610), which comprises a receiving assembly comprising a wetting fluid compartment (650) of a catheter receptacle (620), and further, the receptacle member comprising: a receptacle portion and a connected weak points and / or positioned in the wetting fluid compartment comprises (650) between the chamber and comprising a catheter (621) of; the additional outer layer (660), for protection against impact, for example, sterile wetting fluid oxide the partition wall (651). Alternatively catheter assembly comprising a catheter allow at least part of the catheter outside the receptacle in the receptacle. Also provides a method for producing such a catheter assembly.


Cell-penetrating peptides (CPPs) are short peptides that can carry cargo into cells. CPPs are widely utilized due to their powerful loading capacity and transduction efficiency. Identifying CPPs is the basis for studying their functions and mechanisms; however, experimental methods to identify CPPs are expensive and time-consuming. Recently, CPP predictors based on machine learning methods have become a research hotspot. Although considerable progress has been made, some challenges remain unresolved. First, most predictors employ a variety of feature descriptors to transform an original sequence into multiview data; however, extant methods ignore the relationships between different views, limiting further performance improvement. Second, most machine learning models are actually black boxes and cannot offer insightful advice. In this paper, a novel Hilbert–Schmidt independence criterion (HSIC)-based multiview TSK fuzzy system is proposed. Compared with other machine learning methods, TSK fuzzy systems have better interpretability, and the introduction of multiview mechanisms provides comprehensive insight into the intrinsic laws of the data. HSIC is utilized here to measure the independence and enhance the complementarity between different views. Notably, the proposed method attained prediction accuracy results of 92.2% and 96.2% for the training and independent test sets, respectively. The empirical results show that our promising approach features greater recognition performance than the state-of-the-art method.


The thrust of the present study was to systematically investigate the relationship between EFL learners' Self-Efficacy (SE), Critical Thinking (CT), and their Autonomy (AU). To this end, 196 male and female EFL learners, within the age range of 20 to 30 ( M age = 25) were selected based on convenience sampling strategy. They were asked to fill in three questionnaires, namely Sherer, Maddux, Mercadante, Prentice-Dunn, Jacobs, and Rogers' SE Scale (1982), Honey's CT questionnaire (2000), and Zhang and Li's Learner AU questionnaire (2004). Since the assumptions of normality of distribution were violated for the scores of AU and SE, in order to find out the relationships among the variables, the non-parametric Spearman Rank Order Coefficient of Correlation was conducted. The results revealed that there was a significant and positive correlation between AU and CT, AU and SE, and CT and SE. Furthermore, a regression analysis revealed that SE has the largest β coefficient ( β = 0.519, t = 7.65, p = 0.0005). This is to say that SE makes the strongest statistically significant unique contribution to explaining AU. CT turned out to be the second significant predictor of AU scores ( β = 0.186, t = 2.75, p = 0.007). The study concludes with a discussion on the obtained results followed by presenting some implications for EFL teachers, learners, and syllabus designers.


The shape memory property of polyurethane is largely dependent on molecular self-aggregation and thermal-induced molecular diffusion. In this study, the molecule dynamic (MD) simulations were used to characterize the property of shape memory polyurethane (SMPU) from the atomistic scale. The transition temperature (Ttrans) and self-aggregation were studied using the amorphous cell model. A three-layered model of SMPU was built intentionally to evaluate the thermal-induced diffusion of molecules. The results indicated that suitable molecule is beneficial for predicting the Ttrans through free volume analysis. The Radius Distribution Function (RDF) of the amorphous cell model demonstrated strong self-aggregation behavior. In order to bring SMPU to the optimal self-recovery capacity, it was suggested to set the melting point of soft segment as the target temperature. At the melting point of soft segment, the whole molecule system reached the relatively stable state on the basis of cohesive energy densities.


BackgroundNeurohormones may influence vascular tone both during and after exercise. Neuropeptide Y (NPY), which is costored and released with norepinephrine (NE) during sympathetic activity, is a potent vasoconstrictor with a relatively long half-life. We therefore examined its possible association with the ischemic response to exercise in patients with coronary artery disease. Methods and ResultsTwenty-nine male patients with effort-induced angina pectoris underwent a symptom-limited exercise test. In addition to conventional ST-segment analysis, we examined ischemia on the basis of heart rate (HR)-adjusted ST-segment changes through calculation of the ST/HR slope during the final 4 minutes of exercise and of the ST/HR recovery loop after exercise. Blood samples were taken before, during, and after exercise for an analysis of several neurohormones. Mean ST-segment depression was −223±20.2 &mgr;V (P <0.0001) just before the termination of exercise, followed by a gradual normalization, but it remained significant after 10 minutes (−49±8.9 &mgr;V, P <0.0001). At the end of exercise, the ST/HR slope, which reflects myocardial ischemia, was −6.0±0.77 &mgr;V/HR. In most patients, ST-segment levels at a given HR were lower during recovery than during exercise, here referred to as ST "deficit." Exercise increased the plasma levels of NPY, NE, epinephrine, and N-terminal proatrial natriuretic peptide, but big endothelin remained unchanged. Although NE and epinephrine peaked at maximal exercise, the highest levels of NPY and N-terminal proatrial natriuretic peptide were observed 4 minutes after exercise. The maximal increase in the NPY correlated significantly with ST-segment depression at 3 minutes after exercise (r =−0.61, P =0.0005), the ST deficit at the corresponding time point (r =−0.66, P =0.0001), and the duration of ST-segment depression after exercise (r =0.42, P =0.02). In contrast, no such correlations were found for NE. ConclusionsThe present study has for the first time demonstrated a correlation between plasma NPY levels and the degree and duration of ST-segment depression after exercise in patients with coronary artery disease, which suggests that NPY may contribute to myocardial ischemia in these patients.


STUDY OBJECTIVES
Using the apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) and the sleep breathing impairment index (SBII) to assess the severity of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), study how effective SBII is in assesing the severity and cardiovascular disease (CVD) prognosis.

METHODS
This study comprised a total of 147 patients with diagnosed OSA. The AHI and SBII was calculated from the polysomnography. Patients were enrolled in the cluster analysis using 20 symptoms and the SBII. The prognostic indicator was determined as the moderate-to-high Framingham 10-year CVD risk.

RESULTS
Cluster analysis revealed three separate groups. Cluster 1 (n=45, 30.61%) has the lowest symptoms complaints yet the highest PSQI score. Cluster 2 (n=70, 47.62%) had a considerably increased symptoms complaints but the lowest ESS score, intermediate PSG indices, a higher low arousal threshold (LAT) possibility, and a lower SBII quantile. Cluster 3 (n=32, 21.77%) has the largest percentage of smokers, a predominant symptom of restless in sleep, severe PSG characteristics, a low LAT likelihood, a greater SBII quantile and a higher Framingham CVD risk. There are no differences in the severity indicated by AHI between groups. Higher SBII rather than AHI is associated with an increased 10-year CVD risk.

CONCLUSIONS
SBII provides higher sensitivity when evaluating OSA severity and better predictive capabilities for CVD outcomes. SBII may be a more effective substitute for AHI in the future.


Game theory has recently increased significantly in its role in various fields of science and areas of the country's life. It is applicable today in the economy of any country for the adoption of general economic tasks, the study of strategic problems, systems for stimulating the development of industries, the development of organizational structures. The application of game theory is considered an important aspect in the implementation of the tasks set at the state level. The Republic of Uzbekistan is considered one of the countries that have recently been trying to reach a significant stage of development, which has a fruitful effect on agriculture and greenhouse economy, their general improvement. The purpose of this article is to analyze the possibilities of using game theory in the field of greenhouse facilities in the Republic of Uzbekistan. This goal will be achieved through the analysis of the main modern scientific works, the study of analytical data and statistical indicators of the industry. The greenhouse economy of the Republic of Uzbekistan today is at a stage when significant changes are needed, the use of the most modern technologies both in the field of economic services for the industry, and fruitful interaction of individual parties. One of the most priority technologies for the development of individual areas of the greenhouse industry today is the so-called "game theory". Game theory is a prerequisite for the formation of separate and relevant directions for the development of the country's greenhouse economy, it establishes the rules for implementing the interaction of the parties-players in the process of creating strategies, functions of specific structures.


Urbanization of coastal areas worldwide has increased due to an increase in the global population. The production of sustainable aquaculture is greatly impacted by a surge of this urbanization. In certain countries, particularly for individuals with more limited space in metropolitan areas, such as along Johor's coastal area, aquaculture might well be a good strategy to maintain food availability (continuous production plus high-quality meals). Consequently, the adoption of aquaculture along the Johor's coastal area has lead to Harmful Algal Blooms (HAB). This paper examines the evolution of the aquaculture industry of Malaysian Johor coastal areas in relation to HABs. In addition to HABs, the aforementioned metropolitan regions confront diverse economic and geographical obstacles when attempting to increase their aquaculture production sustainably. Those problems are therefore addressed using a variety of operations as well as surveillance techniques in this brief overview. Lockdowns and border prohibitions caused by the continuous COVID-19 infection have had a global impact. These logistical difficulties in the seafood industry have increased dependency on imported supplies. It is suggested that international decision- making, supervision, and knowledge exchange can successfully solve the challenges urbanized areas have in ensuring sustainable food security through the evolution within the aquaculture sector.


ABSTRACT This paper presents a learning outcomes-based methodology to produce a summative assessment to use in any course at any educational level. It takes into consideration the European Qualifications Framework (EQF) to define the learning outcomes, Bloom's taxonomy to define the assessment questions and the QR code to help managing large class size. The methodology has been applied in a case study regarding the technical drawing course of the BSc Engineering programme at the Faculty of Engineering in Italy. In general, the implementation of the new assessment, during the two academic years of analysis, has shown good results in terms of reduction of failures (7% in the first year and 3.9% in the second year), improvement of the weighted average mark (4.6%), reduction of the minimum mark obtained (8.1%), increase of the maximum mark obtained (3.1%) and time reduction of 48% to upload marks to the electronic register.


Exposure of alpha-ene-VCPs to catalytic [Rh(dppm)]SbF(6) led to the discovery of a novel Rh(I)-catalyzed [3+2] reaction, which was shown to be efficient for the construction of 5/6- and 5/7-bicyclic compounds rather than the anticipated type II [5+2] products.


10050 Background: Chemotherapy and surgery are the mainstay of osteosarcoma (OS) treatment. Using 2-4 drugs and short or long duration in chemotherapy protocols have been evaluated in various trial...


How do we interpret the extraordinary visibility and ordinariness of social media as delivery workers resist their precarious working lives? Drawing on fieldwork, interviews, photo elicitation, and digital data collection in Turkey with a focus on delivery workers' strikes in early 2022, we argue that understanding the delivery workers' movement requires not only considering spectacular strikes and social media protests but also workers' everyday forms of resistance and their ordinary uses of social media as part of what we call weapons of the gig. Although not as visible as spectacular street action and social media campaigns, these weapons (motorcycle drivers' solidarity, algorithmic resistance, and social media use for information sharing, as well as production of humor and resentment) enable the subtle formation of a movement. Our contribution lies in reframing social media use as both an ordinary and extraordinary weapon of delivery workers and approaching workers' solidarity as a question of continuum. Enabling us to look beyond the antagonisms in the labor process and locate affective tensions in the everyday, this approach allows for seeing workers not only as economic but also as political and affective subjects demanding freedom and searching for meaningful connection in their lives.


PURPOSE
The purpose of this study was to explore the details of the experiences and meanings that adolescents associate with spirituality.

DESIGN AND METHODS
This exploratory qualitative study used focus group discussions to uncover the experiences of 22 adolescents ages 16-19 years from two midwestern Canadian high schools.

RESULTS
Three themes emerged: understandings of spirituality, the influence of spirituality on wellness, and the moderating influences of spirituality.

PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS
The unique stories and experiences of this study's participants provide nurses with some possible starting points and ideas for dialogue related to spirituality with their adolescent clients.


Subcell resolution has been used in the Finite Volume Method (FVM) to obtain accurate approximations of discontinuities in the physical s pace. Stochastic methods are usually based on local adaptivity for resolving discontinuities in the stochastic dimensions. However, the adaptive refinement in the probability space is ineffect iv , if the stochastic discontinuity is caused by a discontinuity in the physical space with a random location. The dependence of the discontinuity location in the probability space on the s patial coordinates then results in a staircase approximation of the statistics, which leads to first-order error convergence and an underprediction of the maximum standard deviation. To av id these problems, we introduce subcell resolution into the Simplex Stochastic Colloc ati n (SSC) method for obtaining a truly discontinuous representation of random spatial disc ontinuities in the interior of the cells discretizing the probability space. The presented SSC–SR m ethod is based on resolving the discontinuity location in the probability space explicitl y as function of the spatial coordinates and extending the stochastic response surface approximati ons up to the predicted discontinuity location. The applications to a shock tube problem and the tr ansonic flow over the RAE 2822 airfoil show that SSC–SR resolves random spatial discontin uities with multiple stochastic and spatial dimensions accurately using a minimal number of sam ples. Jeroen A.S. Witteveen and Gianluca Iaccarino


Students in Taiwan are required to learn English, and schools are placing even more emphasis on listening and speaking skills. At the same time, English-language programming is widely available in Taiwan via cable television. Cable television is a useful instructional tool for teachers of English as a Second Language. This source of authentic English can be brought into the classroom and used as a teaching resource, and students can be taught how to use it effectively for self-study. High school students can be given a transcript of the video and then use the transcript to practice intonation and pronunciation, to study the grammar and vocabulary of commonly spoken English, and to act out selected scenes. Advice is given regarding how to choose an appropriate program, one that is both entertaining and useful for the purpose of language instruction. Possible activities are also suggested, such as asking students to guess who said what; practicing the proper intonation; discerning the emotion of the characters; completing dialogues; answering comprehension questions; and comparing cultures. Video programming provides an excellent tool for moving students from the artificially slow and clear English of teaching materials to the authentic English used by native English speakers. (KFT) Reproductions supplied by EDRS are the best that can be made from the original document. Off-Air Video for High School English Classes: Some Considerations PERMISSION TO REPRODUCE AND DISSEMINATE THIS MATERIAL HAS BEEN GRANTED BY


The view which regards blood serum as a digestive fluid is not a new one, and the importance of the mechanism regulating the activity of the ferments of the blood while in the body has recently been clearly detailed by Dr. Victor C. Vaughan. 1 The study of these ferments was lately taken up by Jobling and Petersen 2 who showed that the non-saturated fatty acids of the serum are in a way responsible for the inactivity of the proteolytic enzymes in the blood. The experiments have shown that—as I expected—serum extracted with chloroform gives up dialyzable substances reacting with Ninhydrin; I further ascertained that the addition of non-saturated fatty acids in form of soap or in form of large excess of normal serum reëstablished the antitryptic properties of the treated serum, thus stopping the appearance of dialyzable protein substances. I then tried to see if the same procedure would also stop the auto-digestion of the serum exposed to its own ferments through the action of kaolin or starch on the one hand, and of the antigen-antibody combination on the other. The experiments confirmed the expectations in every case completely, and I am therefore in a position to say that by the addition of the excess of whole normal serum as well as by the addition of saponified fatty acids of the serum, the Abderhalden reaction is invariably rendered negative, evidently through the arresting of the self-digestion of the serum. The study of this question is not completed as yet, but even now it is possible to say that not only fatty acids, but also the serum-albumin tends to retard auto-digestion, while the addition of serum globulin seems to promote the appearance of dialyzable substances, probably on account of the digestion of the globulin by the serum ferment.


SIGNIFICANT progress has been made during the past few years on the problems bearing on the basic structure of school finance, as well as on the problems involved in the actual administration of schools. The depression has been fruitful in the development of interest in both of these areas. If we look towards the reconstruction of American education with any degree of optimism, we cannot but be considerably disturbed by lacks in knowledge in three highly important areas. The first division lays out significant areas for research which, if carried through, would seem to have potentialities for vast improvements in the efficient organization of our schools, and perhaps for vast economies. The second division indicates two of the problems having to do with the basic structure of school finance upon the answers to which may depend the health of American education for generations to come. The third division suggests researches which would have a bearing upon public attitude toward the support of education and upon policies of educational leadership in asking for support.


The GSM network, commonly called 2G, was designed during the 1980s when the Cold War was still on. Due to political pressure from European governments, the security of GSM was deliberately made weak to allow easy interception by law enforcement agencies. Despite strengthened security in subsequent mobile network technologies of 3G and 4G, the weak security of 2G represents the 'weakest link' and thereby limits the security level of mobile networks in general. This article describes the evolution of mobile network security architectures, analyses their security vulnerabilities, and proposes solutions to mitigate the threats posed by these vulnerabilities.


The life history, taxonomy and distribution of Sibinia sulcatula Casey are discussed. Oviposition is in flower buds olf Prosopis glandulosa var. glandulosa Torr. Larval stages are completed within the bud and the mature larva leaves the bud to pupate. Larval and pupal stages are described and illustrated for the first time. Sibinia sulcatula (Casey) is a small curculionid weevil of the sub- family Tychiinae which undergoes larval development in flower buds of mesquite, Prosopis spp. Although species of Prosopis are numerous and widespread in the southwestern United States, Mexico, South America, Africa and Asia (Rowell 1969), S. sulcatula is known only from Texas and adjacent areas of Mexico. In this region the weevil is primarily associated with honey mesquite, Prosopis glandulosa var. glandulosa Torr. The present study was undertaken to obtain specific biological and taxonomic information on Sibinia sulcatula, and at the same time contribute to the general knowledge of the insect complex associated with mesquite. SYSTEMATICS. The weevil was originally described as Tychius sulcatulus Casey, 1897. In a subsequent revision of the subfamily Tychiinae, Casey (1910) erected Microtychius as a subgenus of Tychius Germar to which he assigned T. sulcatulus and related species. Kissinger (1946) removed Microtychius from Tychius and tentatively placed it as a subgenus of Sibinia Germar, stating that the relationships of the three taxa are in need of additional study. We are accepting Kissinger's placement of Microtychius at the present, although one


Fertility and frequency of dominant lethal mutations (DLM) induced by gamma rays in females at the age of 0-5 h and 5-7 days were studied in the radiosensitive mutant rad(2)201/sup G1/ of Drosophila. It has been found that the oocytes of mutant lines are more radiosensitive as compared to those of the wild type flies when compared on the basis of DLM frequency obtained through the entire maturation period. The early oocytes of stages 2-7, i.e., at the stages corresponding to the recombination-defective properties of mutation rad(2)201/sup g1/ are the most sensitive. It has also been demonstrated that the gamma-ray doses exceeding 10 Gy cause a strong sterilizing effect in the mutant females as a result of destruction and resorption of the egg chamber, irradiated at the stages of previtellogenic growth of oocytes. In the radiosensitive mutant females, the sensitivity of the oocytes for DLM induction does not correlate with the sensitivity of the ovarian follicles toward the resorbing effect of gamma rays. The possible involvement of the mutant locus in the genetic processes in different specialized cells of the sexual pathway in Drosophila is discussed.


A multiple-scattering description of the wind force in electromigration is given. Band effects and backscattering effects can be accounted for exactly. The theory is applicable to the interstitial as well as to the substitutional configuration.


Only 15% of human kinases carry a bulky residue at the DFG-1 position, providing an opportunity for the design of selective ATP-site inhibitors without the typical hinge-binding interactions. The low sequence homology among unrelated kinases with bulky DFG-1 residues provides a new paradigm for selective kinase inhibitor development.


The utility model relates to a lightning protection disaster alleviation management system, comprising a plurality of lightning protectors and an alarm processing center formed by a wireless receiving module and a microprocessor, the lightning protection protectors are respectively connected with corresponding electric devices to be protected in parallel, and the alarm processing center employs a Zigbee wireless receiving module and an STM32 microprocessor to receive and process alarm signals in real time. The lightning protection disaster alleviation management system, through using the STM32 microprocessor and the Zigbee wireless receiving module, processes the alarm signals of a front-end lightning protection SPD in real time, and completely transmits the alarm signals to a software client terminal according to an alarm order, and performs real-time alarm through an alarm apparatus, thereby forming the lighting protection disaster alleviation management system and more stably and effectively performing alarm and management in the process of lightning.


This paper introduces a practical method which simulates series_port by software,and successfully solves the problem that single_chip microcomputer has only one series_port and doesn't meet the requirements of multi_task communication.


The air receiver technology, which is demonstrated at the solar tower of Julich, uses ceramic honeycomb
structures to absorb concentrated solar radiation and transfer the heat to an air flow. Therefore, the absorbers
have to be highly porous to let the radiation penetrate deeply into the structure but must also feature a large
internal heat transfer surface. The paper reveals the basic correlation between geometry and performance by
means of a simplified mathematical model. New developments of honeycomb absorbers are presented and
their thermal efficiency measured in a laboratory test is shown. The absorber development is accompanied by
a thermal shock and cycle test program to assure sufficient mechanical stability


Anatomical investigations have shown that the anterior communi cating artery is rarely absent and hence the necessary conditions for the circulation through this vascular communication are usually present. By compressing the carotid artery on the opposite side to that on which the contrast medium has been injected it is possible angiographically to test whether the passage through the anterior communicating artery is free. This method of examination has proved to be of great value in neurosurgery, particularly in cases where there is a risk that the normal blood supply may be cut off. All neuroradiologists know, however, that not infrequently can both the pericallosal arteries be demonstrated at carotid angiography without any compression. The aim of the present paper is to study some of the factors influencing this 'spontaneous' passage of contrast medium through the anterior communicating artery in normal and pathologic conditions. The material used for this investigation comprised 1 020 'conven tional' carotid angiographies and 232 rapid serial carotid angiographies in which no vascular changes could be demonstrated. In addition, 223


We've had a Royal College of Physicians poll, a Royal College of General Practitioners poll, and now the BMA poll on assisted dying.1 That's a full hand of polls, but it's a dead hand, because the response rates were too low—29%, 15%, and 19%, respectively.

Such trivial responses relate to only small subgroups; they augment bias, as the RCP figures showed, and provide no evidence whatsoever of the …


Context. Stochastic acceleration is thought to be a key mechanism in the energization of solar flare electrons. Aims. We study whether stochastic acceleration can reproduce the observed soft-hard-soft evolution of the spectral features of the hard X-ray emitted by suprathermal electrons. We pay special attention to the effects of particle trapping and escape. Methods. The Fokker-Planck equation for the electron distribution is integrated numerically using the coefficients derived by Miller et al. for transit-time damping acceleration. The electron spectra are then converted to photon spectra for comparison with RHESSI observations of looptop sources. Results. The presence of particle escape softens the model spectra computed in the stochastic acceleration framework. The ratio between the efficiency of trapping and acceleration controls the spectral evolution which follows a soft-hard-soft pattern. Furthermore, a pivot point (that is, a common crossing point of the accelerated particle spectra at different times) is found at around 10 keV. It can be brought into agreement with the observed value of 20 keV by enhanced trapping through an electric potential. Conclusions. The model proposed here accounts for the key features observed in the spectral evolution of hard X-ray emission from looptop sources.


This study aims to analyze the scientific evolution of the integrated transport system concept in a meta-analysis. This study applies a qualitative approach that utilizes scientific development to various scientific journal publications on the idea of an integrated transportation system. Scientific journal data analysis was developed through scientific evolution with a meta-analysis approach to obtain knowledge mapping. Bibliometric analysis is implemented in a meta-analysis approach followed by applying relevant procedures in analyzing the concept of an integrated transportation system for the development of knowledge and technology. The analytical technique in this research is a bibliometric analysis by developing the VOSviewer program based on the concept of an integrated transportation system under study. The initial step is to collect databases from various sources of scientific journals so that multiple journals that are relevant to the proposed theme are obtained. Based on the results of the analysis by developing the VOSviewer program based on the concept of an integrated transportation system, articles related to the integrated transportation system from 1948 to 2021, it can be concluded that several keywords become the core of this field of study, including Policy Implementation, Social Welfare, Sustainable Transport, Public Participation, Planning, Development.


To teachers of English and of Latin, as well as to those who engage in propaganda for or against either subject as an educational instrument, we recommend a careful perusal of a lecture delivered in February by Dr. J. W. Mackail to the Leeds and District Branch of the Classical Association, now published as The Alliance of Latin and English Studies (London, John Murray, is. net). ' In an age of increasing specialisation, at a time given over to the pursuit of short-cuts and the invention of substitutes, when the weight of accumulated knowledge, already greater than can be borne, is multiplying almost daily, can we recover that grasp of the unity of learning which is at once the symbol and the substantiation of a sense of the unity of life ? If so, it is clear that the first thing to be done is to discard bodily the idea of competition in studies, and replace it by the idea of their co-operation and mutual reinforcement.' Leaving to those engaged in teaching and organisation the consideration of means and methods, Dr. Mackail pleads with his usual grace and power for the correlation of English and Latin studies in the interest of both subjects and of humane education.


The importance of Performance Appraisal is capturing importance in the industry. It has become a focal point in all stages in the industry, since all companies have their appraisal system. Hence, the concept of Performance Appraisal is a pivotal point to judge the performance of the employees. Nowadays, employers are becoming more and more demanding, thus forcing the HR department to evolve or judge the performance of the employees.


By analyzing the current development situation of open computer numerical control (CNC) system, architecture /component software technology and mechatronics coupling design theory, this paper research on a structuring methodology based on these technologies. The conception of composability CNC and structuring method system hardware are represented in this paper. Then a mathematical model of interfaces was set up after analysis and reasoning on the interfaces of devices/units. The techniques of structuring composability CNC system hardware were developed and preformed based on the mathematical model. Main content of structuring technique includes: component database, configuring mechanism and components interfaces converter. Furthermore, an application on methodology is given to prove structuring technique is feasibly and validly.


Objective of the Review: To assess the benefits and risks of using various doses and forms of folic acid as part of pre-conception care and during pregnancy. Key Points: Folic acid (vitamin B9) is known to be an essential microelement, required for DNA replication and several enzyme reactions in amino acid synthesis and metabolism of vitamins. During pregnancy folate requirements rise. According to Order No. 572n of the Russian Federation Ministry of Health, dated November 1, 2012, women should receive folic acid starting in the pre-conception period at doses not exceeding 400 μg/day. A pregnant woman's folate status is critical for the prevention of folate-associated birth defects and for the baby's postnatal development. There is still some controversy about the advantages of different forms of folates, the safety of low and high folate doses, the duration of treatment, and the benefits of folates compared with multivitamins. Conclusion: Currently, there is no doubt that women should receive vitamin-mineral products containing folic acid as part of their preconception care and during pregnancy. There is a need, however, for a formal federal protocol for pre-conception care that will guide the use of vitamin-mineral products containing various forms of folates and describe a personalized approach to micronutrient support for various categories of women, including its composition, doses, and duration. Keywords: folates, folic acid, 5-methyltetrahydrofolate, pregnant women, newborns, disorders of pregnancy, Femibion Natalcare.


Objective To observe the effect of inferior vena cava filter (IVCF) on prevention of bone cement implantation syndrome (BCIS). Methods Ten sheep were divided into 2 even groups, BCIS and LVCF intervention ones. First IVCF was implanted into the inferior vena cava through cervical vena-right atrium pathway under fluoroscopic monitoring to observe the influence of IVCF on BCIS. Then BCIS was es-tablished in the same sheep by compressing 10 mL of bone cement into a sheep medullary canal after mutilation of the left femur. Arterial blood pressure, heart rate, central venous pressure (CVP) and blood gas were monitored, while an ultrasonic device was utilized to monitor fat embolisms in the right atriums of the sheep. Oil red staining was performed to detect fat embolisms in pulmonary arteries after the sheep were executed. Results In BCIS group, dotted uneven resonances were found in the right atrium and right ventricle when the medullary canal pressure was increased to 120 mm Hg, indicating embolisms in the right chambers. The dotted resonances were increased to ponderous, snowflake-like ones as the medullary canal pressure climbed up. At the same time, blood pressure and Pa02 dropped significantly, the systolic blood pressure dropped to (80±11) mm Hg and PaO to the minimum 25 minutes after cone cement implantation. The heart rate and CVP increased continuously. The blood gas assay indicated respiratory and metabolic acidosis. The oil red staining showed bulk fat embolus in pulmonary arteries. But in IVCF group, the similar resonances were not observed throughout the surgery and the medullary canal pressure climbed to 400 mm Hg, reaching the maximum of our pressure gage range. The blood pressure, PaO2, heart rate and CVP did not change much compared to those before implantation. The blood gas and pulmonary oil red staining showed few changes either. Conclusion IVCF implantation can prevent the genesis of BCIS.

Key words:
Pulmonary embolism; Vena cava filter; Bone cement


Notwithstanding the allure of cyberspace, some low-tech intellectual property questions raise equally challenging issues, among them the nature and transferability of copyright and patent licenses. Intrinsically interesting for their economic significance, the issues associated with such licenses are also important to the law's doctrinal development. They relate to the essence of copyright and patent ownership, asking whether licensed interests in such property rise to the level of legal title or represent more modest equitable interests; in addition, they raise federalism questions, particularly with respect to license transferability. Several recent decisions in the federal courts have led to serious distortions in the law of copyright and patent licenses. Holdings in the 9th and 2nd circuits have misconstrued the reforms painstakingly achieved by the 1976 Copyright Act, relying upon a discredited (and legislatively rejected) theory of the 'indivisibility' of patent and copyright ownership. The result has been a diminution of the rights of exclusive copyright licensees that also flouts the Act's legislative intent of enhancing predictability in commercial relations. Meanwhile, decisions of the Federal Circuit have aggrandized the rights of patent licensees to the point where they are occasionally indistinguishable from legal titleholders - creating further uncertainty where consistency is needed. Finally, the courts have made a virtual muddle of license transferability, leaving the doctrine in extreme need of clarification. The Article explains these developments, criticizes the decisions in question as subversive of the federal IP statutes' text and legislative evolution, and suggests a federalism analysis to address the transferability problem.


[Objective] The optimal selection of the herbicides used for large-scale control of Mikania micrantha in forestland was studied.[Method] The effect of four components of herbicides: 18%2,4-D microemulsion ∶ water of 1∶ 700;75%sulfometuron ∶ water of 1 ∶ 800;50%glyphosate ∶ 85%2,4-D sodium salt of 35 ∶ 1 ∶ 12 500 and 41%Glyphosate isopropylamine salt ∶ water of 1 ∶ 200 on the control of Mikania micrantha and the change of their coverage on it were experimented.[Results] All of four herbicides could be used for the control of Mikania micrantha.The treatment of 18%2,4-D microemulsion was more effective than others,which controlling effect could be(97.75±1.01)% after re-spraying on the 90th day.[Conclusion] The controlling effect of the glyphosate supplied with 2,4-D sodium salt could be intensive type of herbicide in the control of Mikania micrantha.


Abstract Hydrogen energy, one of the recognized green energy sources, has many advantages, and electrochemical hydrogen storage has been regarded as one of the outstanding energy storage systems. The present research describes that the organophosphonic carboxylic acid-modified multiwalled carbon nanotubes/Bi2S3 composite (OPCAMCN/BS) has been produced successfully by a facile solution reaction method, and it has been characterized by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), scanning electron microscope (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray (EDX), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and porous structure analysis. Because of the efficient synergistic effect of organophosphonic carboxylic acid-functionalized multiwalled carbon nanotubes and bismuth sulfide, the composite displays excellent electrochemical hydrogen storage and stability performances. The electrochemical hydrogen storage performance of the OPCAMCN/BS electrodes has been measured, and its discharge capacity (950.9 mAh/g) greatly exceeds the relevant values of those two reference materials, and the cycle life of the OPCAMCN/BS electrodes is higher than that of Bi2S3 and MWCNTs/BS. Furthermore, the as-synthesized composite OPCAMCN/BS exhibits very low charge transfer resistance which signifies fast electron transfer. Therefore, OPCAMCN/BS is expected to be used as a kind of excellent electrochemical hydrogen storage material and can be applied in the areas of renewable energy to reduce the use of fossil fuels.


The article briefly describes the scientific and pedagogical achievements of associate professor, candidate of physical and mathematical sciences Pavel Grigorievich Serafimovich.


Extraction technology is adopted to produce health wine with medlar and angelica as main ingredients.An orthogonal experiment was carried out to find out the relationship between the outputs of polyphenols and variables in alcohol content,temperature and extraction time,and finally the optimized health wine producing technology was achieved.The final product turns out to be racy,mellow and nutritious.The optimum technological conditions are: alcohol content 45%(v/v);temperature 30℃;extraction time 25d.