Certification requirement demands for civil and military aircraft to withstand the impact of foreign object damage at critical flight conditions. Experimental tests for conducting bird impact analysis are costly and time-consuming, and thus an accurate solution for designing a component against bird impact is important. Bird impact on aircraft is a soft body impact; it requires the density of a fluid, viscosity, and shape of bird projectile and length to diameter ratio should be precisely selected. This paper investigates the effect and influence of all such parameters due to bird impact. The initial degradation and failure of individual compressor blades struck by a bird were investigated. Subsequent damage to other fan blades and engine components is also evaluated. Results will be compared in terms of pressure profile, and stagnation pressure at the center of the impact and the bird trajectory after the impact. The bird strike velocity varied from 190 to 250 m/s. A numerical model of this problem has been developed with the finite, non-nuclear element program LS-DYNA. This paper presents the bird strike analysis using Lagrangian, Arbitrary Lagrangian Eulerian (ALE) method, and Smooth Particle Hydrodynamic (SPH) technique in LS-DYNA. Throughout the study, the most influencing parameters have been identified and peak pressures and forces are compared to those results available in the literature.


This course is given at the University of Paris 6 (Pierre et Marie Curie), in France, to the students of the Master "Probability & Finance" (Master El Karoui).


"Ami is in the hospital with a burn!" The message is from Ami's father, Serigne Fallou,2 and the next day we go to visit his daughter. In the hospital, we learn that Ami's burn is healing and she will be OK. We also learn that Fallou and family had earlier moved to Texas to start a new business venture but are now back in Pennsylvania after having been cheated by the business partner. Fallou and his wife are far away from family and friends. It is clear they've had suffering and discouragement but that they also feel optimistic about the future because "it is in God's hands" and they have the "blessing of Shaykh Bamba." I first met Fallou at the weekly farm market where he sells goods from Senegal, the country where my family and I were Anabaptist missionaries from 1999 to 2009. Fallou is a Murid, a member of a Senegalese Sufi order. He and his family became our friends. Like Fallou, many of our friends and neighbors in Senegal were Murids. Murids (Arabic for "disciples") see themselves as disciples of Shaykh Ahmadu Bamba. Anabaptists see ourselves as disciples of Jesus. These two communities in which Fallou and I participate have some similar experiences of and responses to suffering in their respective histories, yet ultimately their understandings lead to different missions. This article describes these similarities and differences as it explores the question, How might this West African Sufi3 order enlighten Anabaptist self-understand of the reconciling role of suffering and the ways this shapes our mission?


Chemistry and the Environment. This environmental example serves well to demonstrate the potential danger inherent in the buildup of natural gas vapors that can occur in the laboratory when Bunsen burners are not respected.


The scattering problem refers to the gossiping and the broadcasting problems [1, 2]. It consists in distributing a set of data from a single source such that each component is sent to a distinct address. The gathering operation is the reverse of the scattering operation. This paper studies the problem of pipelining a scattering-gathering sequence in order to overlap these operations. We first give a general solution for distributed memory parallel computers, and next we particularly study this problem on hypercubes.


[6]. With additional feedback, for example auditory, rehabilitation process improves [5]. In this paper we describe the use of an exercise bike as a rhythmic exercising platform. We will briefly report results of the previous research and describe the forthcoming one.


Microfinance is a financial service that provides loans, savings, and other financial products to low-income individuals and households. It is often seen as a way to promote economic growth by providing access to capital for small businesses and entrepreneurs. This study examines the impact of microfinance on economic growth in Yemen. Data on microfinance loans disbursed and economic growth (measured by GDP) was collected from the World Bank for the period 1990-2022. The data was analyzed using SPSS to determine the relationship between microfinance and economic growth. The results of the study showed a positive and significant relationship between microfinance and economic growth. This suggests that microfinance can play a role in promoting economic growth in Yemen. The study also found that the impact of microfinance on economic growth was stronger in rural areas than in urban areas. This is likely because microfinance can be more effective in providing access to capital for small businesses and entrepreneurs in rural areas, where there are fewer formal financial institutions. The findings of this study suggest that microfinance can be a valuable tool for promoting economic growth in Yemen. The government and other stakeholders should consider supporting microfinance programs to help boost economic growth and reduce poverty.


Equations necessary for the examination of basic pipeline stresses and deflections are detailed in a sequential format. Three generalized cases are presented: (1)Hoop stress analysis; (2)longitudinal forces analysis; and (3)lateral forces and displacement analysis. Supplemental tables, nomographs, and example problems are also presented to aid in accomplishing an equation solution. While emphasis is on gas pipelines, the equations are applicable to liquid lines under similar conditions.


This paper presents a new method that may achieve a more accurate and lower cost estimation of elastic properties and thicknesses of soil deposits. The kernel of the proposed method, being independent of the usually adopted assumption that only one Rayleigh wave mode is dominant, is to use the near field characteristics of all types of P-SV wave motions on the surface of elastic multi-layered half space generated by the vertical harmonic load applied on its surface. The near field wave motions are accurately simulated by the stiffness matrix method as one of more powerful numerical solutions, and then the following two physical quantities, which can be observable in the field, are used in inversion analysis: (1) the predominant frequency for which the dynamic vertical displacement on the soil surface takes a maximum value, and (2) the frequency variation of the phase velocity at a point on the soil surface near the vertical harmonic load. The phase velocity used in the proposed method is a local quantity varying with the location from the vertical load, because of using all types of waves and their modes. To demonstrate the capability and reliability of the proposed method, the numerical examples are presented by using regular and irregular soil profiles.


The textural properties of cheese samples with different hardness,including three kinds of hard cheeses and two kinds of soft cheeses,were measured by using a texture analyzer and the rheological parameters of the same samples were evaluated by using a rheometer to compare the rheological and textural properties of all the cheeses.Result showed that there was a significant difference in physicochemical properties(P0.05),including pH,moisture content and water activity,between hard and soft cheeses.Hardness was significantly higher in hard cheeses than in soft cheeses.Hardness of all the cheeses obtained by TPA analysis correlated well with viscoelastic moduli.The dynamic analysis showed that all these cheeses manifested a more solid-like form.The rheological parameters were dependent on the oscillatory frequency.The differences of viscoelastic moduli between soft and hard cheeses were probably attributed to different amounts of moisture content and different levels of proteolysis.Hard and soft cheeses were significantly different through texture and rheology analysis.Viscoelastic moduli in the frequency range of 0.1 to 75 Hz could be used as a measure to distinguish among five kinds of cheeses.


The chapter discusses the statutory and treaty basis for compulsory patent licensing, briefly reviews instances in which compulsory licenses have been issued, surveys the economic rationale behind compulsory licensing and compares the potential application of compulsory licensing in essential medicines and climate change mitigation technology.


People pay more and more attention to the solidification of HLW of uranium and plutonium during these years. Synroc has been found relevant to disposal of high-level nuclear waste. The paper deal with synthesis of zirconolite based synroc. The technique of solid phase synthesized synroc and liquid phase synthesized synroc have been studied and the technical conditions of it has been achieved. Results indicated that high purity zirconolite could be synthesized using these two methods, zirconolite as matrix of solidification of radioactive uranium and plutonium. The technique of solid phase synthesis is easier than that of liquid phase synthesis because raw materials are easier to get and have cheaper cost. Therefore the purity of zirconolite is higher than that of liquid phase synthesized zirconolite and so thus made it more suitable to the engineering applications.


Accumulator, system and method for providing hot water. The invention describes an accumulator (2) for providing hot water that besides the inlet / outlet common water in a conventional accumulator comprises a third orifice (26) input / output air provided at an upper end of accumulator (2); a third hole (27) of hot water outlet disposed at a lower portion of the accumulator (2); and probes (28a, 28b, 28c) of upper, intermediate and lower level. Thanks to this configuration, a system (1) provided with the accumulator (2) for practical purposes can switch between a first full volume when solar heat input and a second lower the first volume when no solar heat input. This enables significant energy savings.


A NURSE WHO disarmed a manwhen he pulled out a gun in anA&E department and said he 'feltviolent' has been praised by police.


It analyzed the relationship between natural materials and functional applicaton of product packaging.From three aspects of the packaging and modelling of natural materials,the application function, the organoleptic properties,it respectively expounded the ways of functional application of natural materials in packaging.Combined with the corresponding specific case and analysis,it proposed that the targeted strategies should be chosen while natural materials used in packaging functional design.


This study aimed to examine the role of brand attitude in mediating the relationship between advertising appeal and brand emotion on purchase intention in the fast-food industry of Hyderabad, Pakistan. Primary data was gathered from customers and adopted standard questionnaires from previous studies. The total number of respondents was 150, and for the analysis of data, various statistical tests such as SPSS and AMOS were used to assess the hypothesis, including the Reliability test, Confirmatory Analysis, and Structural equation modeling. The current study's findings indicated a partial mediation effect of brand attitude between advertising appeal and brand emotion for purchase intention. This study helps develop marketing strategies to identify convenience in this field of emotional marketing. They did this by developing a model that reflects on pre-purchase decisions and effects of emotional appeal, feeling, and attitude towards a brand, especially for fast food consumers. For improved market share in the future, marketing organizations in Hyderabad, Pakistan these factors are considered for future marketing strategies. How to Cite:Junejo, I., Sohu, J. M., Aijaz, A., Ghumro, T. H., Shaikh, S. H., & Seelro, A. D. (2022). The Mediating Role of Brand Attitude for Purchase Intention: Empirical Evidence from Fast Food Industry. Etikonomi, 21(1), 103-112. https://doi.org/10.15408/etk.v21i1.22302.


In this study, acoustic waves were used to excite a microbubble for selective particle trapping and sorting. Excitation of the bubble at its volume resonance, as necessary to drive strong fluid microstreaming, resulted in the particles being either selectively attracted to the bubble or continuing to follow the local microstreamlines. The operating principle exploited two acoustic phenomena acting on the particle suspension: the drag force arising from the acoustic microstreaming and the secondary Bjerknes force, i.e. the attractive radiation force produced between an oscillating bubble and a non-buoyant particle. It was also found that standing wave fields within the fluid chamber could be used to globally align bubbles and particles for local particle sorting by the bubble.


A post morterm examination furnished conclusive evidence that the deceased had been a confirmed pathic p ederast; the survivor strenuously denied playing the active r6ole; he denied the murder in toto, and escaped trial by his death mysterious and sudden. I have often regretted not having kept my notes of this case, particularly since a psycho-pathological sexual condition called Sadism2 has become well known through the works of von Krafft-Ebing, Fritz Leppmann, Albert Moll and others.3 A case tried before me in Toronto in January, 1922, has such noticeable features both from a legal and medical point of view that I think it well to give a full account of it for the information of both professions. I have gone into somewhat minute detail, as it is impossible in our present state of knowledge to be certain what may and what may not be of importance. On Saturday afternoon, August 7, 1920, about 4:30 o'clock, a Mr. McM., walking easterly through a vacant lot adjoining the large High Park in Toronto, noticed a boy (afterwards identified as P. G., aged 8) lying on a path, almost hidden by weeds. The weeds were patted down in the vicinity; but there was no indication of a struggle. The


Pancreatic cancer is the fourth most common cause of cancer death,with a 5- year survival rate of less than 5%.The management and prognosis of the patients have remained dismal due to higher resistance of cancer cells to conventional approaches including surgery,radiation and chemotherapy.Therefore,there is a need for development of specific and sensitive tumor marker for pancreatic cancer.Caveolin- 1 is an essential constituent of caveolae and interacts with a variety of cellular proteins and regulates cell- signaling events.In this review,we survey the functional roles of caveolin- 1 in pancreatic cancer and argue that caveolin-1 regulates multiple cancer-associated processes including tumor growth,cell invasion,metastasis,cell apeptosis.However,Caveolin-1 has been reported to impact both positively and negatively on various aspects of pancreatic cancer progression.The function of caveolin- 1 is interdependent on tumor stage and the expression of some signaling pathways that impact on its role during tumor progression.

Key words:
Pancreatic neoplasms;  Caveolin- 1 ;  Cell- signaling;  Invasion;  Metastasis


The present invention relates to an electric household yogurt, yogurt household electric machine which comprises at least one position for the tank (3) (28) and a heating means (15). According to the invention, the yogurt household electric machine includes a container for the liquid, heating means (15) can transfer the heating power to the liquid, which allows the temperature of the heat transfer within the preparation comprises tank (3) is less than or equal to the increase in the temperature interval for producing yogurt duration of thirty minutes. The present invention also relates to a method for manufacturing yoghurt, the method comprising the step of tank (3) of the elevated temperature, the tank (3) contains milk as a raw material preparation, the step having a first stage, the first stage duration is less than or equal to thirty minutes for the first stage is disposed near the liquid tank (3) is heated so that the temperature was prepared as a raw material in the milk reaches the temperature range for producing yogurt.


The purpose of this paper is to present an approach to effective SC collaboration by understanding the dynamics between various supply chain collaboration enablers (SCCEs) that help to effective SC collaboration. The research presents a hierarchy-based model and the mutual relationships among the SCCEs using interpretive structural modelling. The research shows that there exists a group of enablers having a high driving power and low dependence requiring maximum attention and of strategic importance while another group consists of those variables which have high dependence and are the resultant actions. This classification provides a useful tool to SC managers to differentiate between independent and dependent variables and their mutual relationships which would help them to focus on those key variables that are most important for effective SC collaboration. The presentation of enablers in a hierarchy and the classification into driver and dependent categories is unique effort in the area of SC collaboration.


Cellular manufacturing delivers improvements in productivity, lead tim e and quality. Maintenance Repair and Overhaul (MRO) customers require shorter turn-around -times and reductions in price. The application of cellular manufacturing concepts offers the potential to deliver Original Equipment manufacturing levels of productivity improvement and lead time reductions to MRO operations. Six businesses that practice MRO operations were evaluated to establish the extent and benefits of the application of cell manufacturing techniques to MRO operations. They all reported benefits in turn -around -time and operational performance. All businesses also noted tha t the difficulties associated with implementation and management of cellular MRO systems related to the variability of input conditions.


Glasses have long been recognized as supercooled liquids, that is liquids in which the crystallization required by the phase equilibrium has not taken place. The transition from the stable liquid state of the substance to the glassy state is a gradual one.


Some practices in alternative spiritualities - for example, New Age and neopaganism - have been criticized by social commentators and some indigenous people for their appropriation of indigenous cu...


Introduction and Aims: Epidemiological data demonstrate ongoing declines in stroke incidence on ayearly basis in the general population of Europe, North America and Latin America. These trends are superimposed on significant variations in stroke burden within each region and are influenced by the health economy of individual states. It is unclear whether these encouraging trends endure in hemodialysis [HD] cohorts within these areas and whether they relate to improvements in modifiable stroke risk factors such as hypertension. Methods: We examined datafrom the MONitoring Dialysis Outcomes [MONDO] initiative. Datasets from RRI, FMC Europe [17 countries] & FMC LA [4 countries] identified prevalent patients [>90 days on HD] receiving in-center treatments [1/ 2006-12/2012]. Fatal and non-fatal stroke events were identified using validated ICD-9 & 10 codes [Andrade et al, 2012]. Countries were grouped into regions [WHO Geosphere scheme]. The mean of clinical & laboratory parameters were computed for the each calendar year. Results: The overall incidence of stroke was 17.5 per 1,000 patient years during the entire study [eKt/V 1.5, Hb 11.4 g/dl] and similar to published data. In keeping with general population statistics, the incidence of stroke in HD was highest in Eastern Europe but high rates persisted also in Southern Europe [Table 1].


AbstractThe atmospheric moisture budget and surface interactions for the southern Great Plains are evaluated for contrasting May–June periods (1998, 2002, 2006, and 2007) as background for the Cloud and Land Surface Interaction Campaign (CLASIC) of (wet) 7–30 June 2007. Budget components [flux divergence (MFD), storage change (dPW), and inflow (IF/A)] are estimated from North American Regional Reanalysis data. Precipitation (P) is calculated from NCEP daily gridded data, evapotranspiration (E) is obtained as moisture budget equation residual, and the recycling ratio (PE/P) is estimated using a new equation. Regional averages are presented for months and five daily P categories. Monthly budget results show that E and E − P are strongly positively related to P; E − P generally is positive and balanced by positive MFD that results from its horizontal velocity divergence component (HD, positive) exceeding its horizontal advection component (HA, negative). An exception is 2007 (CLASIC), when E − P and MFD are ...


The invention provides a coaling mining machine including a running wheel and a final stage planet carrier of a traction part, further including: a torque connecting ring arranged between the running wheel and the final stage planet carrier, connected to the running wheel, and connected to the final stage planet carrier through a spline, the number of circumference toothlets of the torque connecting ring being smaller or equal to 4; a running wheel gland for axially positioning the running wheel and mounted out of the torque connecting ring. According to the invention, the purpose of transferring overload protection from a high-speed end to the running wheel is achieved and an effective protecting function on the running wheel of a vulnerable part is performed.


The invention relates to an ink substituted core, in particular to a neutral fading ink substituted core and belongs to the filed of stationery goods. The ink substituted core comprises the following partial or total compositions in weight portion: 0.5 to 6 portions of sodium hydroxide, 0 to 60 portions of ethanol, 80 to 120 portions of glycerin, 50 to 100 portions of hydrosolvent and 0.5 to 12 portions of pigment. Compared with the prior art, the ink substituted core has the following advantages: 1. a substituted core of a neutral pen made of the ink substituted core saves mass paper; 2. the shelf life of the substituted core of the neutral pen made of the ink substituted core is 20 times that of the prior pen made of a cotton core; 3. each time after the ink is used out, the pen core is only needed to replace, thereby greatly reducing the production of plastic scrap; and 4. the ink substituted core is a production meeting environmental protection.


3) (Abstract)  This report aimed to describe the characteristics of the intergenerational program of The Intergenerational School (TIS in Cleveland in USA. The intergenerational program of TIS had two type activities; community elders join school for reading mentoring and mathematics tutoring for children and children visit elders to nursing home and assisted living and these activities involve many elders with dementia.  The three characteristics of intergenerational program was described; a good using multigenerational learning environment for school education b multigenerational people realize interaction effects from intergenerational relationships c become known in community. For this multigenerational learning environment it is necessary to show school vision volunteer education instruction for children partnership building with elderly institutions management intergenerational activities. As a next step in Japan it is necessary to clarify of children's needs and make the volunteer opportunities for talented elders by cooperation between health science welfare and education.


This article deals with the extension of the small-signal model usage to GaN technologies benchmarking, and to the detection of internal oscillations occurring in highly optimized multi-finger GaN high-electron-mobility transistors (HEMTs). The proposed small-signal model consists of only 14 circuit elements. Its simple semi-analytical extraction procedure is developed in Keysight ADS circuit simulator, letting instantaneous comparison between modelled and simulated small-signal parameters. The simplicity and the adaptability of the technique always ensures a physical model parameter extraction. The technique is demonstrated for various technology processes, layouts, dimensions, and for three commercially available GaN vendors. The extracted data and the number of circuit elements are used to benchmark GaN technologies in terms of bias dependency, efficiency, and static linearity. By coupling the small-signal model to the electromagnetic (EM) GaN HEMT layout simulation results in a powerful tool for detecting odd-mode and even-mode instabilities. The technique is proven for various GaN basic cells as well as for power bars. Even prior to structure fabrication, the tool can be used to analyze its stability behavior by exploring its layout.


The effect of damage needs to be evaluated in time after precision strike to determine whether the shoot is displaced,stopped and the joint action is advanced according to the plan.The above tasks can't be accomplished by the current aviation or aerospace survey evaluation system.But the damage evaluation system by photogrammetric survey on missile based on the Beidou satellite navigation system can make the command department get the image of damage within several tens of seconds after the strike.In this paper,the operation principle,primary technical parameters,effect and spreading prospect of the damage evaluation system by photogrammetric survey on cruise missile,aircraft air-to-ground missile and satellite navigated aircraft bomb.


The transcription factor BACH1 is a potential target against a variety of chronic conditions linked to oxidative stress and inflammation, and formation of cancer metastasis. However, only a few BACH1 degraders/inhibitors have been described. BACH1 is a transcriptional repressor of heme oxygenase 1 (HMOX1), which is positively regulated by transcription factor NRF2 and is highly inducible by derivatives of the synthetic oleanane triterpenoid 2- cyano-3,12-dioxooleana-1,9(11)-dien-28-oic acid (CDDO). Most of the therapeutic activities of these compounds are due to their anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties, which are widely attributed to their ability to activate NRF2. However, with such a broad range of action, these drugs may have other molecular targets that have not been fully identified and could also be of importance for their therapeutic profile. Herein we identified BACH1 as a target of CDDO-derivatives, but not CDDO. While both CDDO and CDDO-derivatives activate NRF2 similarly, only CDDO-derivatives inhibit BACH1, which explains the much higher potency of CDDO-derivatives as HMOX1 inducers compared with unmodified CDDO. Notably, we demonstrate that CDDO-derivatives inhibit BACH1 via a novel mechanism that reduces BACH1 nuclear levels while accumulating its cytoplasmic form. Altogether, our study identifies CDDO-derivatives as dual KEAP1/BACH1 inhibitors, providing a rationale for further therapeutic uses of these drugs.


When building with concrete in cold weather, an insulation method of heat curing must be determined, and a holistic curing plan that considers the characteristics of structures, the heat loss coefficient of a curing sheet, the joint condition of the curing materials and the quantity of heat produced by a heating apparatus is an essential prerequisite for protection against early frost damage. But on a number of national construction sites, there have been serious problems in cold weather concreting due to the unreliability of the information obtained from practical experience. In the construction field in Japan, there is a specification for heat curing prepared by Japanese Architectural Society, which provides an equation for calculating heat quantity. It is also necessary to adopt a detailed specification for a standard heat curing method that is applicable to all national construction sites. In this study, the effect of bubble sheets on the economic feasibility of cold weather concrete is investigated through a comparison with the blue sheets commonly prescribed in national construction sites. In conclusion, this study found that bubble sheets had the effect of reducing the cost of curing materials and the fuel cost consumed by a heating apparatus, compared to the use of blue sheets.


For an arbitrary sequence of Banach spaces, the space of corresponding vector-valued, p  -summable sequences is considered, 1≤p<∞  . Each bounded linear operator from such a space into an arbitrary Banach space is identified by the corresponding coordinate sequence, that is, by the sequence of its restrictions to each summand. Simple criteria for an operator to be compact, weakly compact, Dieudonne, Dunford-Pettis and unconditionally convergent are given in terms of its coordinate sequence. Corresponding Banach space properties defined by the operator ideals mentioned above are reduced to the same properties for each summand.


With the help of histochemic test enzymes (of monoamine oxidase, succinate dehydrogenase, acid phosphatase, alkaline phosphatase) have been found in epithelial cells (lactocytes), luminescent granular cells of the mammary gland. An increased activity of the enzymes in the studied microstructures during breast cancer has been detected. When fibroadenoma is involved enzymes are mainly found in excretory ducts of the glands.


PurposeTo identify what information kidney stone patients want and the resources
 they use to find it, and to evaluate kidney stone-related smartphone apps based on their
 actionability, understandability, quality, and reliability.MethodsGoogle Trends was used
 to assess searches related to kidney stones and related smartphone applications (apps)
 from 2019 to 2021. A questionnaire aimed at ascertaining where patients obtain kidney
 stone-related information was posted on popular Facebook groups and one Reddit group.
 Seven popular kidney stone-related apps were evaluated for reliability, quality,
 actionability, and understandability. Univariate statistical analysis, search volume
 index, and descriptive statistics were used to assess correlations and impact of
 variables on outcomes of interest.ResultsBetween 2019 and 2021, the peak search volume
 index of kidney stones was in the summer and winter. Questionnaire participants obtain
 most information from their doctor (45%), Reddit and Facebook groups (43%), YouTube
 (9%), and smartphone apps (4%). 23% reported using a kidney stone app at least once to
 obtain information. The average smartphone app overall has poor reliability (2.43, P
 <0.001) and quality (1.96, P = 0.039) and poor review of treatment options with side
 effects (1.36, P = 0.689), and does not encourage shared decision-making (2.57, P =
 0.162). Poor actionability was found in all apps, and good understandability was found
 in 6 of the 7 apps.ConclusionWhile physicians are still the most-used resource for
 patients, patients are increasingly using online platforms and smartphone applications.
 Urologists should consider engaging kidney stone patients through such platforms to
 provide reliable educational information.


Paleogeographic analysis of Tyumen suite reservoirs is made within the limits of 3D seismic activities in Em-Yoga area to search for relationships between Jurassic interval's petrophysical properties and seismic data. Paleogeographic sketch-maps of Middle Jurassic reservoirs are constructed on the basis of integrated analysis of core, logs, seismic and regional studies. Stable relations are derived on certain facies zones of net thicknesses with the seismic attribute.


Intraocular manifestations of malignancies and lesions elsewhere in the body are widely reported. The ophthalmic features can be due to metastasis in case of malignancy or due to the secondary effects of the lesions causing hematological or neurological complications. On a few occasions, the ocular features predominate and even precede the characteristic features pertaining to the underlying conditions. In such cases, an ophthalmologist can be the first clinician to encounter the patients. The ocular presentations can be bizarre or even misleading, but on careful history elicitation and examination could unveil life-threatening diseases lying hidden elsewhere inside the human body. Here, we present two case reports, where the ocular features helped in the diagnosis of primary pathology elsewhere.


A green procedure is described for supporting Pd nanoparticles on hydroxyapatite (HAP), which serves as a highly-stable heterogeneous catalyst displaying excellent activity for the aqueous expeditious reduction of nitroaromatics to the corresponding amines with sodium borohydride, and oxidation of primary and secondary alcohols by hydrogen peroxide with high yields and selectivities. The structural features of the prepared catalyst are confirmed by latest techniques including field emission scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The reusability of the heterogeneous catalyst was affirmed in the aqueous reduction of nitrobenzene and oxidation of cycloheptanol for six consecutive runs without significant loss of catalytic activity.


As the larger error between the dispatch plan of the previous day and the actual operation of the community multi-type energy coupling system, the actual operation cannot be fully meet. A two-stage optimization dispatch method of the community multi-type energy coupling system based on the particle swarm algorithm is proposed in this study. Firstly, the optimal dispatch model of community multi-type energy coupling system on previous day is established. Minimizing the daily operation cost is the objective function. The optimal dispatch curve of community multi-type energy coupling system on previous day is obtained. Secondly, based on the optimal dispatch curve of community multi-type energy coupling system on previous day, an intraday correction model is constructed. The example results show that the proposed model can eliminate the dispatch error of the previous day and realize the optimal operation of community multi-type energy coupling system.


Proton transfer reactions and ion-molecule reactions of bifunctional ethanes of H 2 NCH 2 CH 2 NH 2 , H 2 NCH 2 CH 2 OH, and HOCH 2 CH 2 OH were studied using Fourier transform mass spectrometry (FTMS). The rate constants for proton transfer reactions between the fragment ions and neutral molecules were obtained from the temporal variation of the ion abundances. The rate constants were consistent with the heats of reaction. The fastest proton transfer reactions were the reactions of CH 2 N + , CHO + , and CH 3 O + for H 2 NCH 2 CH 2 NH 2 , H 2 NCH 2 CH 2 OH, and HOCH 2 CH 2 OH, respectively. The [M+13] + ion was formed by the ion-molecule reaction between H 2 C=NH 2 + or H 2 C=OH + and the neutral molecule. The major product ions generated from the ion-molecule reactions between the protonated molecule and neutral molecule were [2M+H] + , [M+27] + , and [M+15] + .


The flight performance of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) is severely impacted by wind disturbances. Active disturbance rejection control (ADRC) is expected to improve the UAV's anti-disturbance capability through its component extended state observer. However, the enormous computational effort necessary for calculation and parameter adjustment of conventional ADRC hampers its practical installation in an on-board flight controller. In this study, a reduced-order ADRC technique for both attitude and position control of quadcopters was redesigned for easy implementation in flight controllers. In addition, we developed a practical online autotuning method for attitude control that requires only a few minutes to tune the controller. Several experiments were performed using an actual quadcopter to validate the proposed reduced-order ADRC controller and the autotuning method.


This is a companion piece to the authors' article in the Journal of Economic Literature (December 1985) that explained online searching techniques for research. This article is written for teachers and provides a practical how-to guide for using low-cost online searches to prepare lectures and reading lists and for obtaining up-to-date data.


Kongsfjorden near Korean Arctic Station, Dasan, is a glacial fjord in the Svalbard archipelago, Arctic that is influenced by both Atlantic and Arctic water masses. During the Arctic field season August 2002, surface temperature, salinity, density, and phytoplankton biomass (chi a) was measured in Kongsfjorden. A total of 15 surface samples were collected for the phytoplankton related measurements. Chl a values ranged from 0.08 to 1.4mg chi a (mean of 0.53mg chl a ) in the overall surface stations. The highest values of the chi a concentrations (> 1.0mg chi a ) were found near glacier in the northeastern part of Kongsfjorden. Nanoplanktonic () phytoflagellates were important contributors for the increase of the chi a. The nano-sized phytoflagellates accounted for more than 90% of the total chi a biomass in the study area. Surface temperatures and salinities ranged from 2.5 to (mean of ) and from 22.55 to 32.97 psu (mean of 30.16 psu), respectively. The physical factors were not highly correlated with phytoplankton distribution. The character of surface water due to down-fjord wind was highly similar to phytoplankton distribution. Drifting ice, freshwater, and semdiment inputs from large tidal glaciers located in the inner part of Konsfjorden create steep physico- and biogeochemical environmental gradients along the length of this ford. The glacial inputs cause reduced biodiversity biomass and productivity in the pelagic community in the inner fjord. Primary production of benthic and pelagic microalgae is reduced due to the limited light levels in the turbid and mixed inner waters. The magnitude of glacial effects diminishes towards the outer fjord. Kongsfjorden is an important feeding ground fer marine mammals and seabirds. Especially, seabirds play the largest energy intake and also export nutrients for primary production of the marine microalgae. Kongsfjorden has received a lot of research attention as a site for exploring the impacts of climate changes. Dasan Station in Kongsfjorden will be an important Arctic site for monitoring and detecting future environmental changes.


The purpose was to study the optimal mediums composition for producing glucan by Leuconostoc mesenteroides subsp.mesenteroides DM1-2-2 isolated from traditional fermented milk through single factor and orthogonal experiments.The production of dextran was analyzed by phenol-sulphoacid method.The result shows yeast extract,sucrose,sodium citrate and sodium acetate could remarkably increase the production of dextran and encouraged the growth of strain evidently.The optimal mediums composition are: yeast extract 20 g/L,sucrose 200 g/L,sodium citrate 3 g/L and sodium acetate 1 g/L.The yield of dextran are(4.21±0.15) g/L and improve 1.4 times under the optimal culture medium.


The paper proposes the theoreticalm inim um diam eter. The allow able m ini- m um diam eterand the m aintenance m ethodsofthe pin shaftofpulling cable in Huang- shan Yungu cable way are given based on the analysing, calculating the pin shaftand the experiencein use.


An extensive program was undertaken to investigate the effect of several geometric variables on the performance of two-dimensional inlets. This investigation included inlets having single-wedge, double-wedge, and isentropic compression ramps with various side-plate configurations and subsonic diffusers. The tests were conducted over a range of Reynolds number based on inlet height from 0.50 to 2.67(sup x)10(sup 6). Generally, the performance levels of the two-dimensional inlets were somewhat below those obtained previously with comparable axisymmetric models. At Mach number 3.05 the optimum total-pressure recovery was obtained with an isentropic inlet which compressed the external flow to a Mach number of 1.88. Rectangular side plates and a long high-exit-Mach-number subsonic diffuser with filleted corners were used with this inlet. A critical total-pressure recovery of 0.71 was realized with a corresponding mass-flow ratio of 0.965. Subcritical stability to a mass-flow ratio of 0.60 was obtained.


We reproduce below a two-part article on Mao by WEN HUI which appeared in ZHENG MING (nos. 65 and 66, March and April 1983, Hong Kong). The translation into English is by Sheela Murthy, a teacher of Chinese language and literature at Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi.—EDITOR


For many years, carbon resistors have formed the basis for measurement of shock and detonation pressures associated with condensed explosives. The gauge is fabricated by heat-sealing the resistor into a plastic material such as polystyrene. When subjected to a strong shock wave, the resistance decreases, and the resulting increase in conductance is a function of the magnitude of the pressure. The present investigation was concerned with the experimental derivation of revised calibration equations, which was necessitated by the need to incorporate a terminating resistor into the gauge circuitry. The use of this resistor decreased the effect of standing waves and eliminated oscillatory ringing in the recorded signal. Typical records over a wide range of pressures are presented. An error analysis of the recorded data showed that the uncertainty in the measured pressure was of the same order of magnitude as the uncertainty in the interpretation of the recorded voltage from which the conductance was computed. An extensive discussion of the relevancy of the experimental data is presented, and the need for additional calibration experiments is stressed.


In order to meet the requirements from the markedization of architectural design, in this paper from establishing the idea to regard human as the basis, well dealing with the relationship between the part and the whole and other aspects practical requirements are proposed to architects in order to stimulate them to create excellent works.


The influence of soil fertility on the performance of any crop cannot be overemphasized. The study assessed cocoa farmers' training needs on soil management techniques in Cross River State of Nigeria. Study data were obtained from random sample of farmers belonging to Cocoa Farmers Association of Nigeria (CFAN) in Cross River State. Average age of respondents was 54.4 years while many (53%) were between ages 41–60 years. On soil management practices, 67.9% did not spend any money to maintain soil on their cocoa farms. Majority (83.4%) did not use any inorganic fertilizer to increase soil fertility. The findings also revealed that cocoa farmers need high level of training in the area of use of simple soil analysis tool to determine soil fertility (74.2%), handling of diseased and mummified pods removed from the farms (67.9%), record keeping on the soil management activities on the farm (87.5%) and appropriate methods of soil replenishment to encourage better yield (63.8%). Study's analysis showed that significant relationship exists between farmers' farming experience (r=0.56, p=0.03), farmers' income/ha from cocoa (r=0.45, p=0.00), farmers' educational status (r=0.35, p=0.04) and cocoa farmers' training needs on soil management practices in Cross River State, Nigeria. Study concluded that farmers need adequate information on how to manage soil for better yield and higher profit from cocoa farms. Key words: Cocoa, soil, training needs, Cross River, management techniques and Nigeria


A generalized Helmholtz's theorem is proved, which states that an antisymmetric second‐rank tensor field in 3+1 dimensional space‐time, which vanishes at spatial infinity, is determined by its divergence and the divergence of its dual. When the divergence of the antisymmetric electromagnetic field strength tensor is equal to the electric charge‐current density and the divergence of the dual of the electromagnetic field strength tensor is equal to the magnetic charge‐current density, the equations of electromagnetism are obtained. As a convenience, in the solution of the equations of electromagnetism two different four‐vector potentials can be used, one of which couples to the electric charge‐current density and the other to the magnetic charge‐current density.


Typical mistakes of students in analytical geometry and diagnostics of the causes of errors. The practice of teaching analytical geometry for bachelors in mathematics in higher education.


Includes descriptive metadata provided by producer in MP3 file: "Johnson Press Conference - Wake Forest Week 11/24/08 - Johnson Press Conference - Wake Forest Week 11/24/08 - Listen to Vanderbilt football head coach Bobby Johnson's Monday press conference with the media." By CBS College Sports.


Amman-Zerqa Basin (AZB) is a major basin in Jordan. The concentration of economic, agricultural and social activities within the basin makes it of prime importance to Jordan. Intensive agricultural practices are widespread and located close to groundwater wells, which pose imminent threats to these resources. Groundwater contamination is of particular concern as groundwater resources are the principal source of water for irrigation, drinking and industrial activities. A DRASTIC model integrated with GIS tool has been used to evaluate the groundwater vulnerability of AZB. The Drastic index map showed that only 1.2% of the basin's total area of 3792 km 2 lies in the no vulnerable zone and about 69% is classified as having low pollution potential. The results also revealed that about 30% of the catchment area is moderately susceptible to pollution potential and slightly 1% is potentially under high pollution risk. These results suggest that almost one third of the AZB is at moderate risk of pollution potential. These areas are mainly in the north-east and central parts of the basin where the physical factors (gentle slope and high water table) would allow more contaminants to easily move into the shallow groundwater aquifer. Areas with high vulnerability to pollution are largely located in the center of Amman old city.


This study is mainly focused about the development of metacognitive skills and its impact on academic achievement of students. Keeping this purpose in view an interventional package based on metacognitive skills in physical science is developed. The pre-test, post-test equivalent, experimental and control group design is used in this study. In this study, ninth standard private school students were selected as the sample of the study. Raven's progressive matrices intelligent test was used for equating the groups. Seventy students were divided in two groups i.e. experimental and control group. Interventional package encompassed with strategies namely; structured teaching, Selfdirected learning and Group discussion, developed on the line of sub components of Metacognitive skills. Achievement test was constructed on four units of physical science which were used for developing interventional package. Pre-test was administered for both experimental and control group on academic achievement. Forty-three days of teaching (treatment) was done for experimental group and conventional method was used for control group. Achievement test was administered as post-test for both the groups. The difference between the scores of pre-test and post-test of both the groups were calculated by applying ttest. The obtained data was analysed and interpreted in tabular form. The result shows that, there is a significant difference between the achievements of students of experimental and control group. This indicates that interventional program was more effective than the conventional method of teaching to enhance the academic performance in physical science.


Enantiopure 8-benzylprotoberberines were synthesized by two consecutive Pictet-Spengler (PS) condensations with protected 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetaldehydes. The first PS to (+)-(R)-norprotosinomenine was optimized to 90 % ee with 5 mol-% of (R)-TRIP as chiral Bronsted acid (> 99 % ee after trituration). The second PS did not require any catalyst, and its regioselectivity was strongly dependent on the solvent: 99: 1 para selectivity was obtained in trifluoroethanol leading to (+)javaberine A; 81: 19 ortho selectivity was reached in apolar aprotic solvents for the synthesis of (+)-javaberine B. Complete, natural diastereoselectivity was observed in the second PS. Through selective catechol oxidation the spirocyclic alkaloid (-)-latifolian A was prepared from protected (+)-javaberine A.


In this work, a real-time PM2.5 sensor module with high mass resolution and wide detection range is successfully demonstrated while the module consists of a two-stage aerosol impactor, a Thin-film Piezoelectric-on-Silicon (TPoS) MEMS oscillator, and a micro-pump. The aerosol impactor's collection efficiency of 51% for <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$2.54~\mu \text{m}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> and 50% for <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$1.03~\mu \text{m}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> is verified for stage 1 and stage 2, respectively. A length-extensional mode TPoS MEMS resonator is implemented, featuring a resonant frequency of 4.05 MHz and a quality factor (<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${Q}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>) of 438 in air. To achieve a portable sensor module, a board-level sustaining circuit, which includes a transimpedance amplifier (TIA), a phase shifter, a band-pass filter, and a buffer circuit are integrated to fulfill the condition of Barkhausen criteria for oscillation. Phase noise of −111.92 dBc/Hz at 1 kHz offset was recorded under ambient pressure and room temperature for a carrier frequency of 4.05 MHz. The mass resolution for the PM2.5 sensor implemented in this work is 0.71 pg. Finally, an incense was used to produce the liquid type particles continuously for the aerosol measurement. The coefficient of determination (<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${R} ^{2}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>) of 0.81 between the frequency slope of the proposed sensor and the aerosol concentration of the commercial optical aerosol sensor within a range of <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$10~\mu $ </tex-math></inline-formula> g/m3 to <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$1000~\mu $ </tex-math></inline-formula> g/m3. This work successfully integrated MEMS, circuit, and air flow technologies to realize a complete mass sensing module, and has the potential to be implemented in the particulate matter concentration monitoring applications of air.


On the basis of analysing some inverse problems and Jacobi matrix in matrix theory,this paper presents a kind of inverse generalized eigenvalue problem for Jacobi matrix,a sufficient and necessary condition for the existence of the unique solution of the problem and the expression of the solution are given.A numerical example is provided.


Recently, J. Tate*> has given an interesting theorem that the higher dimensional cohomology groups H(G,A) occurring in class field theory, i. e. A: the multiplicative group of nonzero elements in a p-adic field or the idele class group in an algebraic number field, G: the galois group, are canonically isomorphic to the integral cohomology groups H-(G, Z) for every r > 2. It was stated, without details, that one can introduce negative dimensional cohomology groups and the isomorphisms: H~(G, Z) ^ H(G, A)


The Supreme Court generally may overrule, revise, or disregard its precedent. However, the Court lacks such discretion when Congress codifies prior judicial precedent. Yet, the Court has repeatedly subverted Congress's codification of scienter standards for indirect patent infringement. This Essay describes in detail the Court's bungled — essentially revisionist — interpretations of its precedent in Aro Mfg. Co. v. Convertible Top Replacement Co. in 1964 and in Global-Tech v. SEB in 2011. Indeed, this Essay suggests that the Court in Global-Tech engaged in intentional obfuscation, very likely via a law clerk and unbeknownst the Justices. In the very least, the Justices abdicated their responsibility to fully review the applicable cases and legislative history in forming the decision.


In order to study the unique behavior of the Sm sublattice anisotropy, magnetization curves along both the easy and hard directions were obtained at 10 K for Sm2Fe17−xGax (0⩽x⩽8) powders which were aligned using either static- or dynamic-field alignment methods. The Fe sublattice contribution was isolated by making similar measurements on Y2Fe17−xGax (0⩽x⩽8), as the presence of Y eliminates the rare-earth sublattice contribution. The results show that the Sm sublattice anisotropy is dominant for x⩾1. It increases with increasing Ga content, reaching a (broad) maximum of 1.8×107 erg/cm3 for x≈2–3, and then decreases and becomes negative for x≈5.5. This work shows that the unique behavior of the magneto-crystalline anisotropy for Sm2Fe17−xGax arises from the variation of the Sm-sublattice contribution with Ga substitution.


At present, with rapid development of China's urbanization, the population density increases, the structure of buildings become more complexity, and building materials and techniques emerge endlessly. Frequent unsafe personal behavior and complex external unsafe factors bring more uncontrollable influences on preventing and controlling fire hazard of buildings in urban area. Traditional methods of fire hazard analysis have limitations on fire hazards forecasting in complex urban areas. This paper presents a data mining method based on Bayesian Network for fire hazard analysis of urban buildings. Based on the historical records of fire incidents in a city of China in past three years, from 2014 to 2016, we analyze the potential fire risk according to building properties and outside influences of buildings. We process and analyze the data, and construct a Bayesian Network based on the analytic results and the actual fire extinguishing situation. After that, we train the model with positive samples and negative samples. At last, we use the Bayesian Network model to assess the risks of building fire hazards. By using ROC curve to analyze the accuracy of the model, we get accurate and stable results. Based on Bayesian Network model with building property and external influence, the building fire risk probability is about 1.0×10-9 to 1.0×10-12. We also introduce another machine learning method, Logistic Regression algorithm to evaluate the performance of Bayesian Network model. The results show that our Bayesian Network model can achieve better performance.


The analysis of the terminal divert ability of SM3 is put forward based on the creditability theory.The expression of the maximal zero effort miss which could be corrected by SM-3 during the terminal course was deduced based on relative motion dynamics.Creditability theory was used for modeling the fuzzy parameters in the expression,and fuzzy simulation was adopted to obtain the possibility measured pessimism value and optimism value,creditability measured mean value and normalized variance,and its distribution functions of possibility,necessity and creditability.The research could supply a theoretical support for the motor design of midcourse maneuvering penetration of a ballistic missile,and supply an effective way for get reasonable unknown information from limited known information.


Nowadays, the modern companies and institutions have a inevitable need for secure connections with remote locations trough broadband WAN networks. The reason for such requisite is mainly the need for shared services utilization like application servers, database servers, messaging servers, etc., physically located at remote datacenters. In this paper, we present realistic VPN implementation and configuration for a company with two central locations (head office and warehouse) and branch offices in several cities. For secure communication between central locations and branch offices, Generic Routing Encapsulation (GRE) tunnels are implemented. EIGRP protocol is used for routing the data between networks. From the implementation analyses conducted in this paper, we can figure out that this approach allows low-complexity realization and low-cost maintenance solution.


In this work a new approach for wavelet transform (WT) based image compression is presented. Employing a simple region representation coding scheme previously used with bi-level facsimile pictures, the wavelet transform coefficients are first quantized using scalar quantization and then a lossless auto-adaptive block bit-plane encoding technique is applied to exploit the intra-subband correlation. Simulation at low bit-rates generates a compression ratio comparable to that obtained with vector quantization applied to the wavelet transform coefficients.


The whole process of reinforced concrete frame columns subjected to compression,bend and shear is analyzed with trussarch model and the least potential energy theory. Through computer programming, the test parameters of the 52 reinforced concrete. column specimens and 46 binding beams specimens in our country are calculated. The theoretical predictions, by comparison, are in good agreement with the test results, which is beneficial to the revision, design and construction of the specifications.


In the 1960s, Walter Mischel conducted the first study on delayed gratification behavior (Goleman, 1995; Mischel, Shoda & Rodriquez, 1989). Since then, many other follow-up studies have been done to prove what sociologists call 'the delayed gratification pattern' (see Funder, Block & Block; Logue & Chavarro 1992). These studies propose that participants who are able to delay gratification around of the age of four were better adjusted and more dependable during their adult lives. Studies conducted to assist participants who were unable to delay gratification could not be uncovered. In this study, researchers invited parents and teachers to use intervention techniques over a one school year period to shape waiting behavior among 100 first year elementary school children who were unable to delay gratification for 20 minutes in an initial experiment. Eight follow-up experiments/observations were conducted increasing waiting time from 20 minutes by intervals of 5-minutes in each new observation period up to 1 hour one school year later to access whether intervention techniques used by parents and teachers were effective. Using basic descriptions statistics, findings reveal that there was an overall increase of participants' ability to wait for 20 minutes by 58% at the 4 th week, 86% at the 21 st week, and 70.96% at the 34 th week.


With peer-to-peer (P2P) technology widely applied, P2P network have become an attacked target of viruses and other malicious code. Among them, pollution attacking of resource is one of most serious threat to P2P file share system. In order to improve the security and transmitting efficiency of P2P network, construct pollution disseminating model of P2P network and analyze the disseminating behavior of polluted resource and legal resource. Main conclusion including, 1) the fluctuation of resource's popularity effects greatly on disseminating behavior of polluted resource, however, a high popularity of polluted resource do not always means to a fast disseminating ratio; 2) The longer resource's disseminating time, the less effect of resource's popularity to the disseminating behavior of polluted and legal resource. 3) The relation between disseminating ratio of polluted resource and share-degree or cognition-degree is inverse ratio, however, disseminating ratio of legal resource approximately exponentially increase with above two factors.


The paper considers the relevance of clusters as an important mechanism for improving the economic situation in Ukraine, increased competitiveness in the global market. Comparative characteristics of cluster policy in major countries and in Ukraine. Analised the reasons for the slow development of clustering and ways to avoid, that are to be implemented for the successful development of the nation state.


To the Editor.— Two main sources of error in the Schilling urinary excretion test for vitamin B 12 absorption are an incomplete urine collection and the presence of renal disease. The use of eight-hour plasma or serum radioactivity that coincides with peak plasma levels of the orally administered radiolabeled vitamin overcomes these drawbacks. It has been shown to correlate well with the urinary excretion method 1,2 and has replaced the urinary method in many institutions. With this method, malabsorption of vitamin B 12 reflected in a subnormal eight-hour plasma radioactivity has been reported to occur frequently in subjects with partial gastrectomy. 2 Possibly, however, a rapid transit after subtotal gastric resection may cause peak plasma levels to occur earlier than in those without a resection and thus produce a misleading low eight-hour result. To examine this question, we serially measured serum radioactivity in eight patients with subtotal gastrectomy after an


Two faint X-ray pulsars, AX J1749.1 −2733 and AX J1749.2 −2725, located in the direction to the Galactic Center, were studied using data of INTEGRAL, XMMNewtonand CHANDRA observatories, in X-rays and SOFI/NTT in the infrared band. Combi ning data from X-ray observatories positions of both sources were determined with the uncertai nty better than∼ 1 that allowed us to identify unambiguously their optical counterparts. The following analysis of the photometry data leads us to the conclusion that the AX J1749.2 −2725 optical counterpart is a massive star of the B3 class and the system is located behind of the Galactic C enter at a distance of ∼ 14.4 kpc from us. The lack of statistics of the measurements in the K-band and a data shortage in other wavebands prevents firm conclusions about the spectral clas s of the AX J1749.1 −2733 counterpart. However, taking into account the similarity of proper ties of both pulsars we suppose that AX J1749.1−2733 should have an optical companion of the similar class an d that both sources are located behind of the Galactic Center, probably in the Pe rseus arm.


Compared with conventional uniform fibers, long tapered fibers provide an effective way to maintain beam quality and suppress the generation of nonlinear effects in fiber lasers. In this work, the transverse mode instability (TMI) of two amplifiers based on ytterbium-doped fiber (YDF) with uniform core diameter and tapered core diameter has been investigated experimentally. For a reasonable comparison of TMI in these two fiber amplifiers, the same effective core diameters and design parameters are applied to both. In the uniform YDF amplifier, the TMI threshold is around 1046 W, and the beam quality M2 factor increases with the power and reaches 3.2 when the power is around 1500 W. In a tapered YDF (T-YDF) amplifier, the maximum output power is up to 2170 W with a beam quality of M2 ~ 2.2 and no sign of TMI is observed. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first reported all-fiber tapered fiber laser with a 2 kW-level average output power. The experimental results and theoretical analysis indicate that the TMI threshold of the T-YDF amplifier is higher than the uniform YDF amplifier in spite of sharing the same effective core diameter.


Purpose: To present the long-term results of aflibercept treatment in treatment-naive patients with no diabetic macular edema (DME) in daily clinical practice. Method: This is a retrospective, single-center study designed to evaluate the functional and anatomic outcomes of intravitreal aflibercept treatment in patients with no previous treatment for DME. The patients included had DME defined by the loss of the foveal pit and central macular thickness (CMT) greater than 300 μm on OCT. Only patients who received at least 3 monthly (4 weeks) aflibercept (2 mg/0.05 cc) injections were included in the study. Retreatment was performed if a loss of best corrected visual acuity letters was BCVA) ≥5 between 2 consecutive visits or CMT worsened with CMT of >300 micron, or CMT increase by > 10%. Results: The mean BCVA (Logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution or recognition -logMAR) increased to 0.55±0.40 (0.1-2.0) after mean of 3.2±0.53 aflibercept injections (p= 0.001). At the final examination, mean visual acuity gain was 13.5±15.7 letters. At the final examination, gains in Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study (ETDRS) letters were documented in 44 eyes (69.8%), and visual acuity remained stable in 19 eyes (30%). The mean CMT was 430.8±135.39 μm (242-806) before aflibercept treatment (at baseline) and decreased to 303.6±57.7 μm (210529) at the final examination (p= 0.0001). Conclusion: Aflibercept could be used as a first-line therapy in patients with treatment-naive DME. Clinicians could decrease the number of injections by using as-needed treatment regimen with a comparable improvement of visual acuity..


In the present day, the need and ability to multitask in or across devices is growing. However, these multitasking abilities are being introduced to devices without considering the effect they have on the cognitive workload of a user and its impact on one's productivity. Through our study described in this paper, we attempt to understand multitasking from a qualitative perspective by exploring the difference in multitasking behaviour of users when they deal with active and passive tasks. We also identify workarounds devised by users in order to minimize their cognitive workload while multitasking across apps on their mobile devices. Finally, we suggest certain guidelines that could be adopted by technology companies to aid users in effectively handling interruptions and switching across applications.


The ferroelectric Bi3.25La0.75Ti3O12 (BLT) thin film and HfO2 layer were fabricated using both metal-organic decomposition and atomic-layer deposition methods. The HfO2 thin film was deposited as a buffer layer between Si substrate and BLT thin films. The electrical and structural properties of the metal-ferroelectric-insulator-semiconductor (MFIS) structure were investigated by varying the HfO2 layer thickness. Transmission electron microscopy showed no interdiffusion and reaction occurring when the HfO2 film is used as a buffer layer. The width of the memory window in the capacitance-voltage curves for the MFIS structure was decreased with increasing thickness of the HfO2 buffer layer. The experimental results showed that the BLT-based MFIS structure is suitable for nonvolatile-memory field-effect transistors with a large memory window.


Over the 10-year period from 1995 to 2004, nearly 800,000 nursing, psychiatric, and home health aides were injured or became sick while on the job, with musculoskeletal disorders the most common type of nonfatal injury or illness reported; over the same period, 154 workers in this occupation were killed on the job, with transportation accidents the most common event leading to fatalities. Nursing, psychiatric, and home health aides make up nearly two-thirds of all healthcare support occupations. The group consists of three component occupations: home health aides; nursing aides, orderlies, and attendants; and psychiatric aides. The component occupations differ mostly in the location at which care is being provided: homes of patients, residential facilities, medical hospitals, and psychiatric hospitals. Nursing, psychiatric, and home health aides provide basic patient care--such as bathing, grooming, feeding, dressing, and moving assistance--generally under the direction of professional nursing staff. This article examines workplace fatalities and nonfatal injuries and illnesses in this occupational group over the 10-year period from 1995 to 2004.


In this paper, the implication of lean manufacturing used in information technology explored .Does the information tech. facilitate the implementation of just in time (Jit) production systems or can it serve as a substitute for JIT ? The effect on supply chains, production planning, prods. Scheduling, inventory control, procurement, quality improvement and the labour force are some of the issues addressed. Some examples of use of the information technology for these purposes are presented. Various points on the use of web to foster towards lean are discussed and proposed for integrating the information technology into production systems.


1 Klaus Kümmerer, James Clark Sustainable Chemistry and Material Resources, Institute of Sustainable and Environmental Chemistry, Faculty of Sustainability, Leuphana University of Lüneburg, Germany. 2 York Green Chemistry Centre of Excellence, University of York, York, UK (Contribution to: Textbook on Sustainability Science, Springer, Editors Michelsen and Heinrichs, scheduled to be published Spring 2015) Green and Sustainable Chemistry


Abstract: Literature review reveals that mineral fillers play a vital role in altering the properties of asphalt concrete. Despite filler being a small part of asphalt, has a predominant effect on the performance characteristics of asphalt concrete. Millions tons of marble waste is being generated by marble processing industries, leading to environmental pollution and loss of valuable land. Developed countries have strict policies for waste disposal whereas in developing countries there are almost no policies. Hence, in this research, an effort has been made to evaluate the influence of marble dust on the strength properties and permanent deformation resistance of asphalt concrete. For this purpose optimum binder content has been determined by using 5.5% conventional limestone dust filler and after determination of optimum binder content, stone dust has been replaced with marble dust in increments of twenty five percent (i.e 0%, 25%, 50%, 75%, 100% ). The results of the tests performed on marble dust modified asphalt revealed that marble dust modified asphalt containing 50% marble dust have shown improvement in Marshal Stability and Flow values. Incorporation of marble dust up to 25% and 50% has resulted in better volumetric properties in comparison with stone dust made mixes. Keeping in view the improvement in properties of asphalt concrete in connection with marble dust, the utilization of freely available marble dust in asphalt concrete will have a marked impact in reducing the cost of asphalt concrete as well as minimizing the environmental problems due to disposal of waste marble dust. Keywords: Asphalt Concrete, Marble Dust, Limestone dust, Marshal Stability and Flow


articulate. Like pagan oracle-collections, which were also articulate in a usable way, the texts could be appropriated by Christians and turned against educated pagans (to whom their contents may often have been unfamiliar). These points go against F.'s own emphasis, but they do not detract from the range and commitment of his notable book. It views a wide horizon which has found few Anglo-Saxon sympathizers. Patently, we need major works on Roman Alexandria and on Greek-Coptic interaction in Roman Egypt of the 'Hermetic' period: this book needed to be able to appeal to an agreed cultural framework in both areas. Meanwhile, it ends very much closer to Festugiere's masterpiece than it had threatened at the beginning. It also sent me back to Nock. In conclusion, F. explores Max Weber's idea of 'Laienintellektualismus', whereby an educated class, if divorced from political power, may turn to a 'new transcendent set of otherworldly values': F. himself writes of a 'common mode of spiritual discourse' (193). He distances the Hermetists from Weber's explanation, surely rightly, but adds that it was 'long neglected'. Nock, however, had come close to it, especially in articles of the 1930s. Nock, Essays I. 500 linked Hermetic authors to a social setting with more sharpness than F.'s pages on this theme (166 ff.). F. writes of the 'airless immobility of the priestly mind' (63), but eventually, sons of the sons of the sons of priests may have wanted something different from the daily round with which their fathers (and Roman rule) had landed them.


In a scenario where bilateral environment-business relationship is becoming increasingly important, social life cycle assessment (sLCA) has emerged. sLCA is a methodology for measuring the social impacts generated by the life cycle of a product on different stakeholders, in order to promote sustainability. As this is a potentially strategic tool for companies, the aim of this article is to obtain more data on the status and evolution of the scientific activity, and analyze the impact on the reputation of companies that research and apply the sLCA model. A bibliometric study based on WOS and Scopus scientific databases has been conducted to measure the relevance of this tool in research development, identifying the main countries and organizations. The main results show a positive scientific development, identify Germany as the most productive country, and show BMW, BASF and Brødrene Hartmann as the companies with the most publications. It can be concluded, based on ESG criteria, that the implementation of sLCA in companies benefits them in terms of financial performance by improving their reputation.

Keywords: social life cycle assessment, bibliometric analysis, network analysis, social industrial involvement


CuInS{sub 2} films were grown by molecular beam epitaxy (MBE) on hydrogen terminated Si(111) substrates with 4{degree} miscut. X-ray diffraction (XRD) texture analysis reveals that CuInS{sub 2} was grown heteroepitaxially with the epitaxial relationships CuInS{sub 2}(112){parallel}Si(111) and CuInS{sub 2} [11{bar 1}]{parallel}Si . Moreover, a substantial amount of rotational twins is observed. The crystalline order is maintained across the interface as observed by cross-sectional transmission electron microscopy (CTEM). XRD and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) investigations show that nonstoichiometric preparation greatly influences the growth morphology and leads to the formation of secondary phases.


Hydraulic-network models have been used to study transient flow phenomena in pressurized water reactor plants. The nature of the differential equations associated with these networks imposes severe...


A method for character animation generation on 3D uneven terrain was given.First,a novel footprint generation method was proposed.Then the individual method was adopted to generate the particular motion based on simplified three-level model,that footprint constraint was added.The synthetical curve was introduced to control the motion of center of mass,and the inverse kinematics method with constraints was used to control lower limbs motion,and the forward kinematics method was used to generate upper-body motion.Appreciate human motion was generated by synthezing the motion of center of mass,the motion of lower-body and the motion of upper-body.Finally,some experiment results were demonstrated.The results indicate the generated motion using this method is realistic and real-time,thus the method can be applied to generate and control real-time human motion in complex 3D terrain environment.


Transplant recipients are at risk of developing Legionnaires' disease (LD) because of impaired cellular immunity. Here, we describe a renal transplant recipient who developed LD at least 10 days after hospital admission and transplantation. The hospital water network was initially suspected, but further testing determined that the probable source was the patient's domestic water supply. Our report also suggests that the patient's immunosuppressed state may have switched potential colonization to pneumonia.


Based on software platform—MultiGen CreatorPro and Vega, the distributed virtual simulation system of autonomous underwater vehicle (in short, AUV) was developed. The system architecture, information flow, mathematics models of AUV and the method of space consistency were discussed. It is also introduced in this paper some technologies, such as the mode of data communication, simulation functions and the technique of real-time visual simulate and display. At last, some 3D frames were proposed, which simulated the process of AUV steering at the results of path planning. The result shows that the simulation system is reasonable and reliable, that the mathematics model and simulation algorithm also completely satisfy the real-time requirement, and that the simulation system can realistically demonstrate the simulation process of AUV. This simulation system has been successfully applied to validate the correctness, validity and practicability for the automation ability and dynamic control algorithm on the project of a certain AUV, which is researched and developed by Harbin Engineering University.


In this paper, the water level, tail water level and active power of hydropower generating units are collected and transmitted in real time by using the water level gauge, power collector and other measuring and sensing instruments. Using MATLAB least square fitting simulation algorithm, the three-dimensional surface function of hydraulic turbine characteristics is obtained, and the efficiency of turbine operating point is calculated based on this function. Through the calibration calculation of the background data center, the reference flow of the hydropower station can be obtained on-line in real time, and verified by the comparison test between the reference flow system of the hydropower station and the Nanrui fu911 ultrasonic flowmeter. The results show that the flow measurement data of hydropower station reference flow system and ultrasonic flowmeter have the same change trend, and the flow measurement data of hydropower station reference flow system meet the requirements of class I accuracy class < 9% specified in GB 50179-2015 "Specification for river flow measurement", which provides an effective method for on-line monitoring of reference flow of hydropower station.


Tumor necrosis factor‐α(TNF‐α) and interleukin 12 (IL‐12), both potent antitumor cytokines, are known to be involved in the host's antitumor immune surveillance in tumor bearers, via different mechanisms. The former enhances the activities of dendritic cells, natural killer/lymphocyteactivated killer (NK/LAK) and cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL), while the latter induces Th1‐type cellular immunity and enhances the activities of natural killer T (NKT), NK/LAK and CTL. In the present study, in the expectation of synergistic actions of these cytokines in stimulating the host's immune responses, we investigated the feasibility of a cancer vaccine involving double transfection with both genes in a murine model. The expression of major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I, class II and B7.1 on the surface of the double transfectants was enhanced as revealed by FACS analysis. A significant decrease in tumorigenicity was observed in mice inoculated with the double transfectants. Cytotoxicity assay revealed that the activities of NK/LAK and CTL from spleens of mice bearing the double transfectants were enhanced. The induction of tumor‐specific immunity was confirmed by rechallenge with parental Meth‐A cells in mice that had rejected the double transfectants. Thus, double transfection of TNF‐αand IL‐12 genes was considered to bring about synergistic suppressive effects on the tumorigenicity of transfectants through the activation of killer cells by produced cytokines and the enhancement of expression of MHC class I, II and B7.1 molecules.


The twin screw expander,a new volume expander,works in the reverse principle of the screw compressor Because of its advantage in expanding two-phase fluid,the twin screw expander can replace the throttle valves in refrigeration system and reduce energy loss The development of the twin screw expander in China and foreign as well as its application in refrigeration field have been summarized in this paper


P rimary ovarian insufficiency (POI) is diagnosed in women younger than 40 years of age who have had oligomenorrhea or amenorrhea for 4 or more months, with two serum follicle-stimulating hormone levels (obtained at least 4 wks apart) in the menopausal range. The agespecific incidence of spontaneous POI is approximately 1 in 10,000 women under age 20 years, 1 in 1,000 by age 30 years, 1 in 250 by age 35 years, and 1 in 100 of those under age 40 years. The condition remains a complex and poorly understood entity with unclear etiology in most cases. Due to premature deprivation of ovarian sex hormones, there are many important multisystem sequelae to address in the management of women with POI, including infertility, sexual dysfunction, cardiovascular disease, estrogen deficiency symptoms, mental or emotional disorders, bone loss, coexisting polyglandular autoimmune syndrome, and decreased quality of life. An increased risk of osteoporosis or fractures is one of the major health concerns for women with POI. When compared with age-matched menstruating women, women with POI (46, XX, mean age of 32 y) were found to have significantly lower bone mineral density (BMD). In addition, 21% of those with POI had BMD z-score of less than 2.0, putting them at significant lifetime risk of fractures. Hormone therapy (HT) has been well studied in postmenopausal women, but the research is rather limited on the bone-preserving effects of HT in younger women with POI. The National Institutes of Health Intramural Research Program conducted an important study on young women with 46, XX spontaneous POI. In this 3-year randomized controlled trial evaluating the effectiveness of physiological estradiol (E2) replacement with cyclic oral progestin (transdermal E2 100 mg/d with oral medroxyprogesterone 10 mg daily for 12 d/mo) on BMD, women with POI had significantly lower lumbar spine and femoral neck BMD than those


The work presented in this thesis has focused on the role of Mitogen Activated Protein
Kinases (MAPKs) and their major downstream targets, the AP-1 transcription factors, in
particular the AP-1 components ATF3, Fra1, c-Jun, ATF-2 and c-Fos. Chapter II provides
information on the signaling pathways involved in the activation of ATF-2 and ATF3 in the
response of primary human fibroblasts to ionizing radiation. In chapter III c-Jun and ATF3,
the MAPK JNK and the MAPK-phosphatase MKP-1 are identified as important sensors of
UV-induced-DNA damage in transcribed genes. Chapter IV shows that ATF3 acts as an antiapoptotic
JNK target in T98G glioblastoma cells, whereas Fra1 seems to act as a proapoptotic
effector of both JNK and ERK. In addition, it is shown that ATF3 and Fra1 have
opposite effects on cisplatin-induced S phase arrest. Chapter V shows that Fra1 also can
exhibit a pro-apoptotic function in UV-irradiated fibroblasts. Furthermore, this chapter reports
an as yet unknown function of JNK: repression of the transactivating activity of c-Jun/Fos(-
like) dimers, mediated via hyper-phosphorylation of the c-Jun transactivation domain. The
data further emphasizes that c-Jun/Fos(-like) and c-Jun/ATF dimers and their respective target
genes can exhibit opposite functions in DNA damage responses.


Report presents concept for lightweight, deployable shield protecting orbiting spacecraft against meteoroids and debris, and functions as barrier to conductive and radiative losses of heat. Shield made in four segments providing 360 degree coverage of cylindrical space-station module.


In this paper, we investigate a class of problems with Neumann boundary data in Musielak-Orlicz-Sobolev spaces W ^1 L _M (Ω). We prove the existence of infinitely many weak solutions under some hypotheses. We also provide some particular cases and a concrete example in order to illustrate the main results. Our results are an improvement and generalization of the relative results [21].


This work collects the most often used state and county census data for Florida into one reference book. It draws upon print, CD-ROM, microfiche and tape publications of 1990 federal census data. Continuing the prior 1980 edition, it offers expanded demographic, city and state data.


Objective: verify the sterilizing properties of ethylene oxide gas over the spongy bone used for implants in medical practice, mainly its efficacy against certain microorganisms and the time required for sterilization in industrial autoclaves. Methods: 54 cube-shaped spongy bone tissue samples were prepared and distributed into 3 groups, each with 18 samples. The first group was used to evaluate a bacteriological contamination method with strains of known microorganisms. Upon contamination with the known microorganisms, the second and third groups were subjected to the effect of ethylene oxide gas in subgroups of 6 samples during 60, 90 and 120 minutes. Results: in the first group 100 % of the samples contaminated were positive. In the second and third groups, the effectiveness of ethylene oxide gas was 100 % at 120 minutes. Conclusion: this is a safe method appropriate for use in medical practice.


This article is devoted to the investigation of MEMS microphone characteristics as an acoustic transducer of the electronic stethoscope. STMicroelectronics digital microphone MP45DT02 parameters were considered and significant physiological sounds were recorded. Also data obtained from MEMS and analog microphones were compared.


Cloud service providers offer massive storage space for individuals and enterprises. To guarantee the integrity of outsourced data, a range of data auditing schemes have been proposed. The auditing tasks in these schemes are typically performed by a Third Party Auditor (TPA)responsible for periodically checking the integrity of user data. However, such a centralized auditing framework is vulnerable and as a third party, the auditor cannot be fully trusted. In this paper, we propose a decentralized and smart public auditing scheme for cloud storage, which eliminates the involvement of the TPA and improves the reliability of auditing schemes. We build a protocol for automatic data integrity checking in a decentralized environment based on a smart contract, which eliminates the involvement of data owners and data users. Performance analysis and experiments show that our scheme is efficient and favorable.


The invention relates to modifying search results based on context characteristics. One embodiment provides a method, including: capturing, using a processor, context characteristics relating to a user; storing, using a processor, the context characteristics relating to a user; receiving, at a device, a search query; performing a search based on the search query, wherein the search is modified based on at least one context characteristic relevant to the search query; and displaying, on a display device, search results returned from the search. Other aspects are described and claimed.


The theme is advanced that affect is an integral component of the Rational-Emotive Therapy model. The affective aspect of the model is reviewed in terms of theoretical constructs and therapeutic techniques. Several references to author-observed interactions of Albert Ellis are made and the life-style of Albert Ellis is described to permit inferences regarding the role of affect.


This paper introduces the general engineering situation of Yuanshenmiao Reservoir,and based on the data obtained from the engineering geological investigation,this paper makes the evaluation on engineering geological conditions of left and right dam abutments of Yuanshenmiao Reservoir.


The chemical, mechanical, and optical properties of the first two members of a new family of fluoroplastic materials are examined. These new materials have the unique properties of being optically transparent in the visible and near IR and also chemically inert. Comparison of the optical properties to other transparent materials is also presented.


Many beginning international graduate students in engineering often need extra support in learning to write basic academic English, yet advanced writing-for-publication courses seem to be more prevalent than writing courses dealing with more fundamental issues. A new course, situated within a particular engineering discipline, attempts to bridge this gap by introducing these students to several common professional documents such as CVs and cover letters. In addition, students write a paper investigating academic discourse in their area of specialization, based on library and ethnographic research. This paper also presents various qualitative results from the students' in-class comments and written course evaluations, along with the instructor's comments and plans for future course offerings.


A true bond graph model of a solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) is presented in this paper. The constitutive relations of a C-field for two species of gases are formulated in order to model the cathode and the anode channels of the fuel cell. Moreover, an existing R-field model has been extended for modelling of forced convection of a mixture of two gas species. For given values of system operating pressure, the air source and hydrogen source pressures, the outlet pressures and the inlet gas compositions, the fuel utilization (FU), and air utilization (AU) are interpreted in terms of the partial pressures of the gases in the anode channel and cathode channel. The model is simulated and various static and dynamic characteristic curves for the SOFC are obtained. It is found that the model is capable of capturing all the essential dynamics of the SOFC. Availability of this bond graph model will aid in designing robust model-based control strategies for the fuel cell system and also for performing exergy analysis of the system.


Objective:To explore the impacts of leptin on immune system of mice in different immune status,forty 8-week-old male BALB/c mice were housed under controlled surroundings.Methods:The mice comprised 5 groups: Mice were in different level of leptin by injection of exogenous murine leptin(leptin group)or antileptin(anti-leptin group),Mice were classified into two categories,normal state and immunosuppressive state by use of FK506,with corresponding controls,IL-2,IL-4,IFN-γ and Leptin in circulating blood and supernatants were measured by ELISA.Result:In the mice with normal immune status,there was no statistical difference in the proliferation of splenocytes between the control and the leptin group.And the same results appeared in the level of IL-2 and IL-4 between these two groups with the exception of a higher level of IFN-γ in the leptin group.The proliferation of splenocytes decreased in the anti-leptin group,but there were no significant changes in the production of the cytokines.Under immunosuppression,the proliferation of splenocytes was obviously accompanied by a higher level of IL-2 and IFN-γ and a lower lever of IL-4 in the leptin group.Conclusion:Leptin is a modulator(enhancer)of immune system.It can stimulate the synthesis of IL-2 and IFN-γ,and suppress the production of IL4,thus making the Tlymphocytes activation toward Th1 phenotype.Under immunosuppression,leptin plays a functional role as a modulator on the immune system,but the situation is different in the normal immune status.


This chapter contains sections titled: Introduction, Analysis of Regression Models, Analysis of Models for Proportions, "Simultaneous-Equation" Econometric Models, Concluding Remarks


Groundwater contamination by nitrate within an unconfined sandy aquifer was mapped using a Bayesian Data Fusion (BDF) framework. Groundwater monitoring data was therefore combined with a statistical groundwater contamination model. In a first step, nitrate concentrations, measured at 99 monitoring stations irregularly distributed within the study area, were spatialized using ordinary kriging. Secondly, a statistical regression tree model of nitrate contamination in groundwater was constructed using land use, depth to the water table, altitude and slope as predictor variables. This allowed the construction of a regression tree based contamination map. In a third step, BDF was used to combine optimally the kriged nitrate contamination map with the regression tree based model into one single map, thereby weighing the kriged and regression tree based contamination maps in terms of their estimation uncertainty. It is shown that BDF allows integrating different sources of information about contamination in a final map, allowing quantifying the expected value and variance of the nitrate contamination estimation. It is also shown that the uncertainty in the final map is smaller than the uncertainty from the kriged or regression tree based contamination map.


The article reviews the exhibition of the artist Oscar Tuazon, running at the Balicehertling Gallery in Paris, France in December 2009.


Using wireless personal digital assistant (PDA) mobile terminal product and client/server (C/S) architecture, and based on winCE operating system, the blood information management system is constructed, which is a safe, efficient, stable and practical blood information management system. This blood information management system not only regulates operation procedures of blood collection and blood supply, but also realizes with quantitative blood key link of quality control. This system provides reliable data to ensure the blood quality and safety, in order to ensure clinical blood use safety. This article focuses on constructions and applications of wireless PDA technology in blood information management system.

Key words:
Personal digital assistant technology; Process control; Blood safety; Informatization


With today's great demand for secure communications systems, there is a growing demand for real-time implementation of cryptographic algorithms. In this thesis we present a hardware implementation of the RC6 algorithm using VHDL Hardware Description Language. And the goal of the thesis was to implement a subset of the IPSec protocol using a Microcontroller and an FPGA. IPSEC is a framework for security that operates at the Network Layer by extending the IP packet header. IPSec protocol is to guarantee the security of data while traveling through the network. The motivation was to enable network application and cryptography to assembly and VHDL languages and to develop a prototype of their system. In this thesis many different sub-systems had to communicate with each other to achieve the final product: the PC and the Microcontroller through a serial connection, the Microcontroller and the FPGA through a bidirectional bus, and the Microcontroller and a terminal using a serial connection. Data was to be encrypted and decrypted using an RC6 algorithm including key scheduling application. The crypto-coprocessor (to implement RC6 algorithms) was implemented within an FPGA and connected to the Microcontroller bus.


. The halal industry is presently in great demand utilizing the Indonesian people considering that most of the Indonesian population is Muslim. As Muslims are required to determine Halal products for daily use. (gap) This paper is a literature study that examines preceding research related to halal supply chain management (SCM),traceability, and tracking systems.Thisstudy illustrates halal supply chains within the fashion industry make contributions to the development of halal SCM by offering a framework that uses tracing and tracking technology to keep the integrity of the halal product. The solution to this problem is adopting Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) technology within the halal SCM technique. RFID technology is a technology for automated identification systems the usage of wireless technology to become aware of uniquely marked objects or people. Radiofrequency identification is primarily based on wireless communication inradiofrequencies.Thesystemincludesreadersandtagsthatreacttoelectromag-neticfieldsorimpulsesemittedthroughthereader.TheuseofRFIDtechnology insidethesupplychaintechnologyinthefashionindustrycandotrackingandtrac-ingtomakecertainthateachlevelisusuallymaintainedinkeepingwithIslamic law.


A color model, called RGB-Ellipse, is developed in this paper. The proposed color model takes advantages of CIE-L*a*b*94 and CMC(l:c) in determining color differences. Furthermore, the transformation between RGB and RGB-Ellipse is linear. As a result, we are able to manipulate the noise tolerance processing as well as the computation efficiency in dealing with color differences. By using the above features, we develop a real-time moving objects segmentation scheme. The developed segmentation scheme consists of two main steps: (1) region seed determination and region growing and (2) region-based change detection and background update. The results from a visual surveillance system are given to highlight the value of the proposed color model and moving objects segmentation scheme.


An ever-changing and increasingly complex financial environment coupled with consumers lack of financial capability has led to a demand for sound, affordable, and accessible financial education. The non-profit sector has been challenged to meet this demand, particularly with populations who are least likely to be adequately connected to the financial infrastructure or who struggle to meet family demands and manage growing levels of debt. Although there is training on specific financial curricula, investment in human capacity - core financial content and teaching skills - was sporadic at best and lacking at worst. Recognizing this need, the Financial Educator Certificate (FEC) program was created. This presentation will highlight: 1) the impetus for developing the FEC; 2) an overview of its design and content in light of learner needs; 3) what was learned from the first two cohorts of learners; and 4) strengths and challenges of this e-learning mode in developing the capacity of nonprofit staff to deliver financial education.
Related URL: http://www.extension.umn.edu/family/personal-finance/dollarworks2/financial-educator-certificate-program/