Deep in Albany 's South End exists an institution which challenges many of tin; t radit ional concepts of educa t ion . The Albany Free School at •10 Franklin Street is a non-graded exper imen t in inter-cultural, interrraciiil educa t ion . The school exists in quar te rs rented form a Baptist church . The seventeen pupils and three staff members interact through a flexible .schedule and mutual unders tanding . Formal classes are divided into levels of learning, rather than by age groups or class years. There are three levels of reading and science and four of ma th . Social s tudies is taught through movies, field trips which utilize the city and rap sessions. Outs ide of the formal classes there are individual initiative sessions in which s tuden t s lead a discussion or class themselves or request staff aid or supervision as needed. The school utilizes visual aids U> a great ex ten t in teaching. When a s t uden t demons t r a t e s abili ty to comple te ly set up and run a film projector , he is awarded a film certificate and may then use the projector for his own classes on bis free Lime. S tuden t s are also awarded certificates for levels of c o m p e t e n c e in various fields, including cooking. Certificates are posted on the poster and black board-filled walls. Twice a week crafts are taught in the a f te rnoon. The p roduc t s made are selling qui te well and the money is used by the s t uden t as he wishes. Except for the expec ted financial problems, the school has had little t roub le until recent ly. On January 25 a compla in t against the school was filed. Inspect ions were made and requests for improvemen t sent with a March 3rd deadl ine Mary Luue, the d i rec tor of the school , says she intends to ignore the requests . Although I he complaints are technically valid, she feels tha t the personal vindictive mot iva t ion behind their initiation (springing from family problems of one studen t ) and the singling ou t of her school over o ther inner-city ins t i tu t ions with similar technical violat ions was sufficent grounds to ignore them. She is opt imist ic abou t the o u t c o m e bu t the legal fees will put a severe strain upon the budget of the school . Leue, an o u t s p o k e n woman and founder of the school, is not overly concerned with I he mat ter , What is on her mind and those of the rest of the staff is the financial problems of the school . To cont inue operat ing, the school needs a mon th ly income of $700. At present the income is about $^.> a mon th and I here is a large debt . The school was lurried down for Federal Tit le I money (for the educat ional ly d isadvantaged) , for the use of the e m p t y P.S. I r>, and for accredial ion as a public school . They hope to receive aid from a major foundat ion or under Title III (for innovative educa t ion) . Despite some hesitancy at the beginning for parents to enroll their children, things are now running smoo th ly . There are regular meetings with parents to discuss the educat ional progress of the children and any problems of the school. Leue, a certified teacher , founded the school because of her dissatisfaction with public school educat ion. Last year she ran the school in her home with four s tuden ts including her own son. This fall they moved to the larger quar te rs with seven s tudents the first day . The present enro l lment is seventeen. The main problems in the public schools , in Leue's view, is stifling t radi t ion. She believes the teachers and s tudents are both victims of the system, each forced into roles they do not seek. She feels that if classes are made smaller and schedules less rigid, that more personal a t t en t ion will result, She also favors an increase in teacher aides and parent par t ic ipat ion, in the school , which can free the teachers to d o the teaching they want , rather than the supevisional activities which achieves order at I he expense of learning. Leue says that progress is best shown by the results of the programs. She pointed out several s tudents as examples . One s tuden t , .Joe. Li, transferred in from a class for the mentally re tarded, Tilh-tith grade, at neighboring (liffen School . During bis free period, he led a class in history through historical decafs off milk car tons pasted on cardboard . Joe was illiterate with an 1Q judged to be 7 1 (16 points below normal range) when he entered in December. Lucy is l,>. Iter 1Q was measured at Mi when she entered from Hacked Jr. High special class. Like Joe, she was functionally illiterate when she entered two and a half mon ths ago. Both entered the school on their own initiative after hearing of it through word of mou th , Now Lucy, a l though shy from nine years of failure in public school , is reading for the first t ime and no longer has a t ruancy problem The staff feels that progress like this plus the gains made by the more typical s tuden ts nunc than justifies the exis tence of the school . Rural Commune Planned For Faculty, Students; Startin% Fall Semester


The objective of this report is to describe the embedding of a transfer module within an alternative architectural approach for machine translation of spontaneous spoken language. The approach is cognitively oriented, i.e. it adapts some of the assumed properties of human language comprehension and production. The aspects to be modeled will include incrementality and robustness with respect to disturbances caused by the environment and performance phenomena of speech. Interaction between software modules is used to reduce ambiguity. The transfer stage of a translation system clearly has to obey these requirements to be an integral part of such a system. This paper outlines the kind of demands to be placed on the transfer module. Relations between the basic formalisms representing linguistic knowledge on the one hand and transfer on the other hand are demonstrated as well as the consequences for algorithms and data structures.


Abstract A static equilibrium model is considered in which private employment is a function of output, corporate income tax is a function of net profits, dividends and investment are both functions of net profits after tax, personal income taxes of entrepreneurs and labor are both functions of personal income, and consumption by entrepreneurs and labor are both functions of disposable income. Export, government purchases, interest paid by government, and government employment are parameters. Single-equation, least-squares estimates are used to gain an impression of the orders of magnitude of the structure parameters. The responsiveness of output and distributive shares to wage, price, and tax policies is examined.


Several related paradigm shifts are taking place in the healthcare field that should enable a profound improvement in the delivery of health care. First is the shift in emphasis away from acute medical treatment, toward comprehensive disease management based on established practice guidelines, treatment algorithms and/or clinical pathways. The goal of disease management is to improve the patient's overall health by preventing the exacerbation of a disease through timely preventive care, thus avoiding the need for expensive and limited acute medical treatment. Second is the movement toward the creation of a next generation computer-based patient record (CPR) that provides access to a patient's lifelong medical data in a cohesive, distributed manner. Currently, a typical patient's medical record is physically scattered among the various sites at which the patient has received treatment. This CPR movement is poised to combine the scattered pieces of a patient's record into a virtual master patient record that will enable the delivery of comprehensive and effective healthcare, prompting the Institute of Medicine to label this next generation CPR as an essential technology for health care.
This emerging environment lays the foundation upon which software systems can be built that could potentially improve a patient's overall health by ensuring that all applicable preventive care activities identified and preformed. Taking advantage of the Internet and the universal access to data that it provides, such systems could search patient records for characteristics and conditions identified by practice guidelines as indicating particular courses of preventive action. Such systems could communicate directly with patients about those actions through the Internet via eMail, telephony, paging, and other means, as they become available. In an attempt to build such a system, the Institute for Artificial Intelligence (IAI) at the George Washington University has developed a prototype Prevention and Wellness WebSite (PWW). The PWW allows consumers to interact with various prototype health care guidelines, identify preventive actions and receive relevant health care support.
The original PWW, though built upon the fundamental concept of intelligent agents, did not meet the requirements of an agent-based system as defined in the literature. In order for a system to be labeled agent-based, the literature requires that its agents exhibit the following characteristics: autonomy, reactivity, pro-activity and social ability. It is the goal of this dissertation to determine the applicability of a proposed hybrid agent architecture to the scenario described above, by extending the functionality of the PWW to satisfy the requirements of agent-based systems. These extensions include inter-agent communication and planning, data awareness, interaction with remote data sources, overall effectiveness, portability, and robustness. A variety of methods were employed in this pursuit, including: proof of concept demonstration implementation, computer-based simulation and scenario demonstration, experimental use of reminder features of the system, and remote porting and installation of the system. As a result of these extensions, the PWW now qualifies as an agent-based system.


We present a surprisingly simple three-dimensional Bloch sphere representation of a qutrit, i.e., a single three-level quantum system. We start with a symmetric state of a two-qubit system and relate it to the spin-1 representation. Using this representation we associate each qutrit state with a three-dimensional vector $\mathbf{a}$ and a metric tensor $\stackrel{\ifmmode \hat{}\else \^{}\fi{}}{\mathrm{\ensuremath{\Gamma}}}$ which satisfy $\mathbf{a}\ifmmode\cdot\else\textperiodcentered\fi{}\stackrel{\ifmmode \hat{}\else \^{}\fi{}}{\mathrm{\ensuremath{\Gamma}}}\ifmmode\cdot\else\textperiodcentered\fi{}\mathbf{a}\ensuremath{\le}1$. This resembles the well known condition for qubit Bloch vectors in which case $\stackrel{\ifmmode \hat{}\else \^{}\fi{}}{\mathrm{\ensuremath{\Gamma}}}=\mathbb{1}$. In our case the vector $\mathbf{a}$ corresponds to spin-1 polarization, whereas the tensor $\stackrel{\ifmmode \hat{}\else \^{}\fi{}}{\mathrm{\ensuremath{\Gamma}}}$ is a function of polarization uncertainties. Alternatively, $\mathbf{a}$ is a local Bloch vector of a symmetric two-qubit state and $\stackrel{\ifmmode \hat{}\else \^{}\fi{}}{\mathrm{\ensuremath{\Gamma}}}$ is a function of the corresponding correlation tensor.


Objective: To explore the correlation between the CYP24A1 gene polymorphism and colorectal tumor patients' benign and malignant lesions and analyze the relationship between the CYP24A1 gene and colorectal cancer susceptibility. Methods: A total of 257 colorectal tumor patients diagnosed for the first time and admitted to our hospital were recruited as the study cohort and divided into the malignant group (n=139) and the benign group (n=118) according to their pathological examination results. A total of 110 healthy patients who visited our hospital during the same period for physical exams were recruited as the control group. The individual clinical data and blood samples from the patients in each group were collected and recorded. The gene fragments at the four loci (rs114368325, rs6068812, rs2296239, and rs1570670) in the CYP24A1 gene were detected using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP), and inter-group difference and logistic regression analyses were performed to explore the relationship between the gene polymorphism and the benign and malignant lesions in the colorectal tumors. Results: The distribution frequencies of the loci rs114368325 and rs2296239 in the individuals in the three groups conformed to the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium law. Two genotypes, GG and AG, were found in rs114368325, three genotypes, CC, CT, and TT, were found in rs2296239, and the GG genotype was found in rs6068812 and rs1570670. The malignant group had a significantly higher proportion of G in the locus rs114368325 and a higher GG distribution frequency than the other two groups (P<0.05). There was no significant difference in different phenotypes in the other gene loci among the three groups (P>0.05). Conclusion: There is no significant correlation between the genetic polymorphisms of the four loci (rs114368325, rs6068812, rs2296239, and rs1570670) at the CYP24A1 gene and the benign and malignant lesions of colorectal tumors, and the nature of the benign and malignant lesions in colorectal tumors can be evaluated by monitoring the locus rs114368325.


Facial similarities tend to run in families, and genetically identical twins raised together or apart exhibit striking facial resemblance, suggesting strong genetic control of human facial features. Yet studies have largely failed to identify single gene variants with large effects on facial features. Daniel Crouch et. al (pp. E676–E685) used an analysis of images of identical and nonidentical twins to weight each point on the face by the extent to which it is genetically influenced. Next, the authors used the weights in a principal components analysis of 3D camera images of faces from 1,832 volunteers from the People of the British Isles project, 1,567 participants in the TwinsUK cohort, and 33 East Asian volunteers. Focusing on the upper and lower 10% of extremes of three composite facial phenotypes, which were derived from facial profiles and surface features of the region around the eyes, the authors identified two genetic variants tied to facial profiles in females and one genetic variant tied to surface features around the eyes in both males and females. One variant exhibited linkage with a gene implicated in Usher syndrome, which is marked by vision, hearing, and balance defects, whereas another was located in a gene involved in regulating steroid biosynthesis. The third variant was located in a zinc transporter with a potential role in mucolipidosis type IV, a condition occasionally accompanied by facial dysmorphia, particularly around the eyelids. According to the authors, identification of gene variants with large and specific effects on facial features paves the way toward unraveling the molecular mechanisms by which genes shape the extraordinary variability in human facial appearance. — P.N.


In recent years, investment fund developed quickly in our country, and the market expanded increasingly. In order to develop investment fund market continously, steadily and standardly, it is a strategic measure to promote our country's investment fund market by establishing proper dynamic supervision system, the general idea for this pattern is " the trinity, coordinated supervision". The specific tactics revolve around the deyeloment of investment fund market, as bearing significant festures of dynamic comprehensive supervision.


Developing clinical guidelines from scratch is a massive and lengthy undertaking so it may be advisable to choose a subject which has existing national guidelines or where considerable work has already been done. If there are no current national guidelines you might consider issuing 'recommendations for practice' instead. It is also important not to underestimate the time and effort needed to implement and evaluate guidelines - probably at least as long as it takes to develop them in the first place.


How to realize the validity and reliability of English oral tests is discusscd in this paper.In designing an oral test,the teacher should see to it that the test assesses students`communicative competence.In order to make the tests reliable,teachers should take the following factors into consideration:test environment,students`mood,the difficulty and coverage of the test,and the assessors` evaluation critria.


This paper presents a summary of three test roads that were constructed between 1964 and 1971 by the Florida Department of Transportation. The test sections were designed and constructed to be included as a part of the state's Satellite Test Road Program. The sections were designed to provide variations in surface and base-course thicknesses, type of base materials, and stability levels of sand-asphalt hot mix. The base courses evaluated included limerock, sand-asphalt hot mix, and shell. The individual test sections have been monitored to determine their structural behavior, condition, and serviceability. Test parameters for the constructed pavements were analyzed as a basis of comparison to test data on performance collected over several years. (Author)


We present a polarization-maintaining monolithic-laser system delivering 94-fs pulses with 200 nJ pulse energy. The stretching of the pulses is achieved in a polarization-maintaining stretcher fiber in combination with standard PM980 fiber. Using this fiber the second and third order dispersion of the stretcher is matched to a grating compressor with a grating constant of 1250 lines/millimeter.


This paper aims to investigate the radiated magnetic field by 11 kW inductive power transfer (IPT) systems used for the charging of electric vehicles. Two reference designs suggested by SAE J2954 are studied. Both designs are analysed to obtain the coils winding currents, and 3D FEM models are built in COMSOL without considering the car chassis, which constitutes a conservative approach. The magnetic field intensity at specific distances from the IPT coupler are calculated. Finally, the simulation results are compared with the respective magnetic field limits defined in the international standards SAE J2954, IEC 61980-1 and ICNIRP. The results show that the magnetic field radiations at 10 meters points are significantly lower than the limits established in the SAE J2954, while the emissions at 0.9 meters points are only slightly below the limits defined by ICNIRP.


We note that the inequalities $0.92 \frac{x}{\log(x)} <\pi(x)< 1.11 \frac{x}{\log(x)}$ do not hold for all $x\ge 30$, contrary to some references. These estimates on $\pi(x)$ came up recently in papers on algebraic number theory.


The paper reviews some changes of emphasis which have taken place in the application of aeroelastic theory to high speed aircraft over the last fifteen years. Aircraft such as the Canberra (Fig. 1) had geometric characteristics for which flutter calculations based on structural beam and aerodynamic strip theory should have been sufficient, but complications are described which arose in practice. The shape of aircraft, such as the Lightning (Fig. 2), designed for higher speeds at supersonic Mach numbers made the application of such concepts dubious—even for initial calculations. For complete clearance, loading and static aeroelastic calculations as well as flutter had to use surface theory : the greater demands of subsequent aircraft need the use of these theories from the start. It is apparent that the problems of aeroelasticity permit no watertight compartments to exist in a design organization; close coordination and feedback of experience between designers, aerodynamicists, stress, servo mechanisms and test engineers are essential at all stages. For example, evaluation of derivatives by flutter engineers must not be divorced from the quasi-static values derived by the aerodynamicist. Despite improved methods of calculation, estimation of stiffness has continued to be difficult and will demand further care. It will be appreciated that large computations based on matrix methods now form an integral part of this process; they enable a realistic structure to be examined theoretically rather than an idealized representation amenable to more traditional methods. Engineers can be released for interpretative work and for improving detail design which must finally make manifest the advances in overall accuracy. There are two sections: the first deals with oscillations, the second with loads and static aeroelasticity. 903 904 INTERNATIONAL COUNCIL AERONALTICAL SCIENCES


Epitaxial Pb(Zr1-xTix)O3 [PZT] and (1-x)Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O3-xPbTiO3 [PMN-PT] films, above 2 mum in thickness, were grown on (100)cSrRuO3//(100)SrTiO3 substrates by metalorganic chemical vapor deposition (MOCVD). PbTiO3 content (x) dependencies of the crystal structure and piezoelectric properties were systematically investigated for these films. The longitudinal electric-field-induced strain Deltax33 and transverse piezoelectric coefficient e31,f for PZT films were also maximum at the almost center mixed phase region, on the other hand, that for PMN-PT films were maximum at larger x edge of rhombohedral (pseudocubic) region. Almost the same order of Deltax33 was observed under applied electric fields up to 100 kV/cm, while larger e31,f was observed in PMN-PT films compared with the case of PZT films. e31,f coefficients of ~-8.9 C/m2 and ~-11.0 C/m2 were calculated for the PZT film with x=0.46 and for the PMN-PT film with x=0.39, respectively.


To understand the social control problem of the adversary system, we begin with what is admittedly a conceptual oversimplification-that social organizations are based upon norms of either conflict or cooperation. The family, the university, the industrial enterprise are institutions predicated upon the idea of cooperation. It is believed that the more smoothly the actors within it work together, the more likely will the institution achieve its aims. For such


This paper investigates the impact of ECB policies on credits considering financial and banking fragmentation for member countries. Using European data from the past decade, a period characterised by growing fragmentation, we estimate regional SVAR models to study the impact of conventional and unconventional measures on price and volume indicators of fragmentation. The risk-taking channel is studied using GVAR models in order to document the consequence of financial fragmentation at the national level. We find that unconventional monetary policies increase credit volumes in peripheral countries. In addition, monetary policies can alleviate financial and banking fragmentation, but mostly in terms of price dispersion rather than credit volume. Finally, unconventional monetary policies increase capital outflows outside the Eurozone.


There are few questions in Asian politics more consequential than the prospects for democratization in a China that has embraced economic liberalization but maintains an authoritarian political system of one-party rule and very limited public participation in the selection of officials and government policies. An important and useful means of monitoring China's potential for democratic transformation is to evaluate the role that civil society plays in China – how strong Chinese civil society is relative to the state, what kind of activities civil society organizations (CSOs) are involved in and how CSOs and the government interact. Indeed, CSOs present the Chinese leadership with a dilemma. On one hand, these organizations can under certain circumstances enhance governance and thereby take some of the pressure off officials who are struggling to identify and meet the needs of tens of millions of displaced (and potentially disgruntled) Chinese citizens who are not coping well with the dramatic socio-economic changes of the reform era. On the other hand, private organizations outside direct state or party control represent a possible challenge to Chinese Communist Party (CCP) authority and legitimacy because some of them invariably pursue agendas that conflict with China's current political system and CCP philosophy. Official reaction to CSOs has therefore been mixed and somewhat contradictory. Given this inconsistency, and the fact that dealing with a more assertive civil society is a relatively new issue for the Chinese government, this is likely to be a transitory phase that could lead to the ruling regime's assent to greater legal and political space for civic activism.


An attempt has been made in this paper to investigate the effect of particle size distribution on coal flotation kinetics. The effect of particle size (Ps) on kinetics constant (k) and maximum theoretical flotation recovery (RI) was investigated while other operational parameters were kept constant. The relationship between flotation kinetics constant and theoretical flotation recovery with particle size was estimated with nonlinear equations. Analysis of variance showed that the effect of particle size on the kinetics constant was statistically significant at 95% confidence level. However, it was not significant on maximum theoretical flotation recovery (RI). Different regression methods were conducted in order to model the effect of coal particle size on flotation kinetics. Results indicated that the quadric regression method gave better prediction of the cumulative recovery for different particle size fractions. The correlation coefficient (R2) values of this model were 0.99, 0.996, 0.98, 0.98 and 0.97 for average of particle sizes of 37.5 µm, 112.5 µm, 225 µm, 400 µm and 625 µm respectively.


This paper presents undergoing acoustic analyses of an hybrid RANS/LES calculation performed at ONERA in the framework of an European project TurboNoiseBB. The numerical approach proposed here relies on a Zonal Detached Eddy Simulation strategy that is applied to a fan module equipped with 20 rotor blades and 44 outlet guide vanes and tested in AneCom facility (Wildau, Germany). The ZDES method with detailed numerical setup and aerodynamic flow features are discussed in a companion paper and the present one mainly focuses on acoustic analyses. Post-processed data are used to feed acoustic codes based on Amiet theory and Ffowcs-Williams and Hawkings analogy for which required inputs to assess rotor-stator interaction noise are the turbulence wake information and the unsteady pressure over the vane wall, respectively. The turbulent wake characteristics in terms of energy and spectral content are compared to hot-wire measurements. In particular radial profiles of turbulent velocity components and power spectrum density at selected duct height positions are analyzed, as well as integral and spanwise correlation length scales. Hence, sound power spectra in the bypass predicted by both acoustic codes are presented and compared to the experiment.


Infestation of insect pests on crops can cause great losses of the potential production. Many technologies have been presented to combat these insects ranging from biological control, chemical insecticides to production of transgenic plants. Over the past decades, we have witnessed development of genetic engineering Bt crops. However, reduced efficacy of Bt crops caused by field-evolved resistance has been reported in the last years. RNA interference (RNAi) is a biological process that occurs in all eukaryotic cells that enables gene silencing at post-transcriptional level by turning down, or suppressing the activity of specific genes. Recently, researches have shown great potential for its use in pest control. dsRNA directed against suitable insect target genes in plants has been shown to give protection against pest, and opening the way for a new generation of insect-resistant crops. Latest studies have shown that dsRNA fed as a diet component can be effective in down regulating targeted gene. In this study a diet for aphids (Schizaphis graminum and Rhopalosiphum maydis) and candidate genes have been tested to improve results with dsRNAs. The dsRNA delivery was performed by feeding assays with different time exposure and concentrations of dsRNA of GFP and the target genes. The suppression of the target genes was determined by qPCR using a par of primer flanking the dsRNA region. Aphid pest controlled by RNAi will be an important tool to crop management.


In this passage, we first analyze the data. And use the gray correlation degree to find the correlation degree between the counties. Then find out the source of specific opioids used--Philadelphia County. Next, we obtain the spread and characteristics of the incidents (cases) at the position level. Finally, based on the two factors of time and position, we establish a BP neural network model based on time and position. and then classified, and finally classified into five types of factors the neural network model based on control is established. finally, based on the conclusions obtained in the part one and two, we model the factor analysis method to analyze the main reason of affecting the abuse of opioids. According to the numerical size of the contribution rate can simplify the five main reasons to two.


Contra-posing the deficiencies of many current mainstream methods which are restricted in sharing broadband,we design an access driver of restriction of Broadband Sharing.In the access-user's system,we install a low-level driver,through which to establish a special point to point channel method to bind the access drivers to the user's system.The driver does not only limit the user to use broadband router,it also limits the behavior that user to uninstall the access drivers to startup the proxy server.This drivers use the data property method to discriminate user who are using proxy server software to share broadband.These have some reference value in practical application.


Background: Women have higher sickness absence rates than men especially within the female dominated profession of assistant nurses. Hence, there is reason to draw attention to and identify what is perceived to promote women's work attendance and work ability within this profession. Aim: The aim of the study was to explore older female assistant nurses' experiences of importance for the maintenance of work ability in municipal elderly care. Methods: A descriptive qualitative interview study was conducted and analysed with qualitative manifest content analysis. Six healthy assistant nurses between 55-58 years in municipal elderly care were selected through purposive sampling for semi-structured in-depth interviews. Findings: The assistant nurses are able to identify and implement needs of their own. They adapt, mainly in the private life, and achieve well-being through a meaningful existence. Their behavior can be linked to sence of coherence, empowerment and internal locus of control. Nine categories were identified: Health and physical activity, Physical work environment, Organisation, Collaboration and communication, Intentional adaptions, Work satisfaction, Meaningful existence, Preference and attitude and Societal level. Conclusion: Mainly aspects of psychosocial nature, with elements of physical activity, are perceived to promote work ability by the female assistant nurses. The findings can contribute to form a basis for promotional work where a behavioral medicine approach can be of value in the understanding of how biopsychosocial factors interact for the maintenance of work ability.


Reviews the current (circa 1989) status and technology of digital mapping as it applies to vehicle navigation. Areas covered include: content, accuracy, data sources, collection methodologies maintenance, and standardization. The paper concludes with an analysis of possible future directions in this area including the use of map-based navigation services as a basis for automating classified directories, intelligent highways, and in-car information systems.


Pimelea cremnophila L.M.Copel. & I.Telford, a rare new species endemic to the Macleay Gorges east of Walcha, is described. Notes are given on its distribution, habitat and conservation status. Although all plants are known from a conservation reserve the species is considered to be endangered due to its restricted distribution and small population size.


The author`s recently conjectured expression (ibid., vol. 28, p. 1249, 1995) for Cardy`s (1992) crossing formula in 2D percolation is rewritten in terms of theta and elliptic functions and verified explicitly. Exact results for the aspect ratio r equal to integral powers of two are also given.


The flow characteristics of double suction pump are investigated by numerically. Calculations are performed by using SIMPLE algorithm at the design and off-design points. Symmetric nature of flow fields in blade channels is discovered at design point, but asymmetirc effects are discovered at the off-design point. Numerical results show that the formation of secondary flow in volute of double suction pump shows different trends when compared with the case of single suction pump. Also results show that double vortices are formed in the volute cross section.


Application of solid phase microextraction (SPME) to the extraction of Cr from sea-water after derivatization with the β-diketonate ligand 1,1,1-trifluoro-2,4-pentadione (trifluoroacetylacetone) is reported. The chelation reaction was conducted in a single (aqueous) phase medium. Both liquid phase and headspace extraction were studied by employing a 100 µm PDMS (polydimethylsiloxane) coated SPME fiber. Capillary gas chromatography (GC) coupled to electron capture detection (ECD), electron impact-mass spectrometry (EI-MS) and inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) were compared for the quantitation of Cr. Except for the ECD, isotope dilution calibration was applied, using 53Cr enriched spikes. Detection limits between 0.011–0.015 ng ml−1
 (as Cr) were achieved with all three systems. Accuracy was assessed using CASS-4 Nearshore Seawater Certified Reference Material (CRM) from the National Research Council of Canada (NRCC). The developed method provided accurate results with EI-MS and ICP-MS detection, while significant bias was experienced with the ECD.


Aiming at the inaccuracy and bigger error of coating thickness measuring instrument in actual application,this papper discussed the particularity of the measuring instrument for coating thickness based on the magnetic induction measuring principle and the eddy current measuring principle,analyzed influence factors to measurement result,and elaborated systematically on various kinds of calibration of the measuring instrument for coating thickness.The importance of the calibration mode and the matrix choice was emphasized,and the countermeasures to decrease the measurement error and improve the measuring efficiency were provided.It can be used to guide the field calibration of measuring instrument for coating thickness practically when measuring.


significant nocturnal desaturation were more likely to have PAH on echocardiography (odds ratio (OR) 2.82, 95% CI 1.02 to 7.74, p , 0.05) independent of disease severity as determined by CPI (OR 1.06, CI 1.01 to 1.11, p=0.01). Patients with significant nocturnal desaturation had higher sPAP (p=0.03), lower pulmonary accel-eration time and lower PaO 2 (p=0.02). Pulmonary function (including TLco%, FVC% and CPI) did not differ in patients with or without nocturnal desaturation. Conclusion: In mild-to-moderate ILD, patients with significant nocturnal desaturation are more likely to have PAH, independent of the severity of their underlying disease. It remains unclear, however, whether nocturnal desaturation is implicated in the pathogenesis of PAH. DNA, both recognised as part of the phylum Actinobacteria (ACT), were more commonly detected. However, there is little or no information on the background global bacterial profile in these patients Methods: Bronchoalveolar lavage cell pellet DNA was extracted from 15 patients with sarcoidosis (radiographic stages 1–4). Ten patients with systemic sclerosis and 10 patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis served as disease controls. We used PCR targeting the majority of species in the Actinobacteria phylum, followed by sequencing to assess the type of ACT DNA when present. We also used 16S terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism (T-RFLP) to profile the background microbial community. Results: We amplified ACT DNA and obtained high quality score sequencing results in 87% (13/15) of sarcoidosis patients and 80% of the control patients. NCBI blast sequence analysis of the sequences revealed the presence of DNA from different non-tuberculosis mycobacteria (NTM) only in sarcoidosis specimens (7/13, 54%). Of these, 6/7 (85%) had radiological stages 0/I, and the other had radiological stage II. PA DNA was isolated in all three disease groups. A wide diversity in pattern profile, numbers and relative proportions was observed by T-RFLP analysis in the three disease groups. Conclusion: We observed the presence of NTM DNA only in patients with sarcoidosis, whereas the presence of PA DNA was not specific to sarcoidosis patients. Our results are compatible with the hypothesis of a mycobacterial cause for at least one form of sarcoidosis and the diversity of detected NTM suggest that more than one pathogenic agent may be implicated. Conclusion: We hypothesise that asbestos exposure is causally linked to many more cases of DPF than is currently accepted. Background: Airway inflammation in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is predominantly neutrophilic, but some subjects demonstrate eosinophilic airway inflammation. Whether these inflammatory phenotypes have differential cytokine and chemokine expression is unknown. Aims: To assess the sputum concentrations of cytokines and chemokines and their response to oral corticosteroid therapy in COPD subjects with or without a sputum eosinophilia. Methods: Cytokine and chemokine concentrations were measured using the mesoscale device platform. To assess validity recovery of exogenous spikes was examined. The concentrations of the validated mediators were measured in COPD sputum from subjects with or without a sputum eosinophilia. In a subgroup with a sputum eosinophilia the response to prednisolone 10 mg for 1 month was examined. Results: The recovery in sputum of exogenous spiked mediators was . 80% in 17/26 cytokines and chemokines. In supernatants from eosinophilic (n = 39) versus non-eosinophilic (n = 59) sputa the geometric mean (95% CI) concentration was increased for IL-5 (9.0, 4.5 to 18 pg/ml vs 3.6, 2.7 to 6.3 pg/ml; p=0.03) and CCL26 (23.4,


The 9/11 attacks have created a new willingness to interfere in the internal affairs of others, while the Iraq war has revealed the power-role disequilibrium at the UN. I propose Secular Democratic Council (SDC) with the moral authority to act on the domestic affairs of any country. Restrictive membership and a novel voting formula based on literacy, population size, GDP and good governance can maintain international equilibrium, without the veto power. Although the SDC checks the US power, it can enhance American influence in the long run, while reducing the burden on the US taxpayers.


The measuring method of colorimeter by CIE1976(L*a*b) color difference formula was introduced.Described the possibility of instrument evaluation of color fastness of lamineted flooring by relationship of instrution evaluation color differece and visual measurement.The result indicated that instruments evaluation of color fastness of laminated flooring was consistent with the result of visual measurement and instrument evaluation of color fastness of laminated flooring was feasible.


3-phase induction motors have been widely used in many industrial applications e.g. on the centrifugal machine for sugar manufacturing process. Centrifugal machine is used in liquid separation process. The motor should be able to track the reference to maintain the sugar quality. Therefore, the speed controller should be added to overcome this problem. However, conventional controllers have not been successful for real time applications because of the change of reference. Predictive techniques are best suited for these situations. And the control algorithm should be able to be applied in the PLC since it is for industrial purposes. This paper presents a case study on speed control of 3-phase induction motor using PLC-based PID-predictive controller. The PID-predictive controller starting gain is chosen 18. The tracking gain is adjusted until the final value is 3. The implementation results reported in this paper demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed controller against the change of reference. The RMSE is 7.86 and it is lower compared to PID. On top of that, the control algorithm can be applied to PLC by using ladder diagram.


When measured against the best poets of the Modernist legacy of the 1920s in Brazil, some critics today still continue to perceive Cecilia Meireles as a facile, unimaginative, and accommodated writer. A more careful examination of her poetry, however, demonstrates that she worked against the grain to maintain her poetic belief in an era when Modernism in Brazil repudiated traditional forms. She disturbed some of her contemporary literati with the intimate tone and religious view communicated by her poetry. She also vocalized very clearly and concisely ideas about poetry in general, and consistently adhered to the artistic creeds so eloquently expressed in her lectures, her own verses, and her cr6nicas. That she is unjustly regarded as a secondary poet by some major Brazilian critics is not surprising. In their criticism, Meireles passes inconspicuously before a gallery of giants such as Manuel Bandeira, Mario de Andrade, Carlos Drummond de Andrade, Murilo Mendes, and Joao Cabral de Melo Neto.' The exclusion of female names on the list is neither accidental nor intentional; rather, it explains a canonical situation that, despite its relevance, I will not discuss here. What I am concerned with is Meireles's epic or heroic collections of


Abstract Asian markets for velvet antler perceive the colour of the core as a primary indicator of quality. The factors which influence colour are not known, but the market preference in Korea is for an even mid‐red colour. The aim of the present study was to determine whether removal technique and post‐removal handling influence velvet colour. Investigations took place at AgResearch Invermay and at Mount Hurt Station in mid Canterbury, New Zealand. The influences on velvet antler colour of sedative drug, mild stress, local anaesthetic administration, timing of tourniquet application, and restraint of the stags in a crush or workroom for velvet antler removal were investigated. The effects of antler orientation post‐removal and post‐removal environmental temperature on velvet antler colour were also investigated. In all studies, velvet antler was frozen and held at ‐20°C before being dried either by freeze drying or commercially. In all trials, a consistent pattern of both lightness and hue angle was shown from the tip of the velvet antler stick to the base; the tip was lighter and browner, the mid section was darker and redder, and the base was lighter and browner. There were no significant overall effects of drug treatment on colour, but there were significant differences among sections. Specifically, sedative drug treatments resulted in less red velvet antler than in control antlers removed using local analgesic only. Mild stress and method of local analgesic administration had no effect on any aspect of velvet antler colour. Placing the velvet at an angle of 15° (tip down) gave a darker and redder antler than the typical fully inverted position. There were no significant differences in colour whether the velvet antler was frozen immediately after removal or held at 4°C or ambient temperature for up to 6 hours prior to freezing. Overall, the use of sedative drugs produces velvet antler that is lighter and less red, and post‐removal handling technique can influence colour.


Purpose: A culture of movement awareness through physical literacy in physical education, physical activity and sports is a core aspect that must be promoted continually during the current COVID-19 pandemic. This study aims to conduct a literature review regarding the importance of a culture of movement awareness through physical literacy in physical education, physical activity and sports.
Material and Methods: This study used a Systematic Literature Review with Preferred Reporting Item for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analytic method. There was 4 Stages in collecting data using a database search, namely through Sage Pub, Eric, Pubmed and Sciencedirect. This study adopted 7 international journal articles indexed by Scopus Q1.
Results: The results of this study found that a culture of movement awareness through physical literacy which was integrated into physical education, physical activity and sports had a major contribution in creating active participation to lead a healthy life  during the pandemic.
Conclusions: Therefore, maintaining and increasing a culture of movement awareness through physical literacy during the COVID-19 period in various settings is the key in maintaining the health status of people around the world


WITHOUT a Scandinavian analogue to Beowulf's aquatic encounter with Breca, several rather close Celtic parallels lead to the plausible assumption that Celtic folktale was responsible for the version in AngloSaxon literature.' However, the Icelandic mythical-heroic sagas, an often uneven marriage of folktale and history, frequently adulterated by romance, do contain a parallel in the very important, but hitherto sadly neglected, saga of Halfdan, the fosterling of Brana.2 In this work, the titular hero sails to England and the court of King Olaf. There he is challenged to a swimming contest by Aki, the highly regarded protector of the king's territory. Halfdan, like Beowulf, is clad in a suit of armour and the aquatic battles against monsters which the Anglo-Saxon hero undergoes are reserved for the adversary in the Old Norse version. Hilfdan holds his antagonist underwater from morning until mid-afternoon. After parting from the exhausted and beaten Aki he continues to perform 'many athletic feats' in the sound before returning to land. Beowulf, too, encounters many aquatic adventures after being separated from Breca, including being dragged underwater by a 'hostile foe'. The swimming match, actually pitting the two men against each other, a battle in the water, the hero's being clad in his armour, and the parting from the antagonist while continuing on to demonstrate further swimming prowess, make this interlude in Hilfdanar saga closer to the conflict between Beowulf and Breca than are the feats of Dubdiadh and Cuchulain. That which makes this swimming contest even more striking is its occurrence in the middle of a larger collection of motifs linking Unferth. the evil counsellor of King Hrothgar, to Aki, the evil counsellor of King Olaf in the saga. Just as Unferth begrudges Beowulf's high position at Heorot, so too does Aki resent Hilfdan's favourable standing at Olaf's court. Both Unferth and Aki taunt the stranger, but while Unferth undergoes a sudden, unmotivated, and unexplained character change away from the prototypical evil Germanic counsellor, Aki continues in the mould of the infamous Hogni/Hagen. He attacks the hero on his way to the woods, but the happyending syndrome which pervades the mythical-heroic sagas precludes the famous tragic outcome. Although to date regarded as an obscure saga, the presence in Hilfdanar saga of other well-known motifs from Germanic. literature further underscores its importance as a repository of Germanic folklore. The saga contains a parallel remarkably close to the fight with Grendel's mother, more striking


Many kinds of direction of arrival (DOA) estimation methods in the coherent environments have been studied for many decades. Most of them use spatial smoothing to tackle the coherent environments. An alternative method was proposed by Pillai which used first‐order statistics on each sensor datum [S. U. Pillai, Array Signal Processing (Springer‐Verlag, New York, 1989)]. The method handled the complex numbered input data with additional symmetric array so that it needed two times as many sensors as it needed in the case of the real numbered input data. In this paper a DOA estimation method using forward/backward first‐order statistics is proposed which can handle the complex numbered input data without additional sensors. [Work supported by UARC.]


Introduction: The current work introduces the flexible triggered segmentation, a novel approach to the ECG-gated contrast enhanced MR angiography (gated ceMRA) of the thorax [1-3]. The current approach further improves scan time efficiency, allows timing flexibility, and enables full-coverage high-resolution gated ceMRA within a single breath hold. Methods: Our approach is based on a Cartesian ECG-gated 3D FLASH sequence optimized for ceMRA. For conventional gated ceMRA, all of the in-plane phase encoding steps (ky direction) are acquired within a single R-R interval (triggered segmentation with ky direction being the inner loop direction). The triggered segmentation acquisition is then repeated in linear order for all through-plane phase encoding values (in kz direction). With a short TR of 2.7ms and typically less than 150 in-plane phase encode steps, the data acquisition window during each heartbeat is much less than the average R-R interval, resulting in an inefficient acquisition scheme with extensive wait time. Assuming that a breath hold of less than 25 sec is necessary to avoid breathing motion, this inefficiency in the conventional gated CEMRA limits the image resolution and coverage since it only allows about 25-30 slice encoding steps. Our previous work [3] addresses this issue by acquiring multiple complete phase encodings in either direction (ky or kz) in saw-tooth like pattern. While this improves the scan time efficiency, it still cannot utilize the entire acquisition window. Moreover, the rigid segmentation structure (i.e. number of phase encoding steps per shot must be an integer divisor of the complete phase encodings and acquired in linear inner loop direction) limits further scan time optimizations and cannot specify the acquiring cardiac phase. Our proposed method (Fig.1) modifies the triggered segmentation to be non-rigid, thus allowing any given acquisition window to be filled, eliminating unnecessary wait time. Inner loop phase encoding direction is no longer defined in one direction. The boundary between two triggered segments is balanced with a fuzzy pseudo-random algorithm. Such flexible and edge-balanced segments are compatible with any typical scan time optimization strategy (e.g. Partial Fourier, iPAT, elliptical scanning, etc.) to help compensate its inherent scan efficiency loss (typically 25-30%). The cardiac phase of the image is determined by the time when the center of the triggered segments is acquired (kz=0 in Fig1). Since an extended linear-centric reordering is applied independently to every triggered segment, the center of the triggered segments acquisition can be set anywhere within the segmented acquisition window. Results: The proposed sequence was implemented at 1.5T scanner and verified in a series of 10 volunteers under an IRB approved protocol by running both gated and non-gated versions of the same sequence. The parameters were closely matched (single dose Magnivest (Gd-DTPA) or Gadofosveset (MS-325) injection, coronal orientation, TR/TE 2.7 ms/ 0.9 ms, FA 30, BW 610Hz/pixel, iPAT x 3, image matrix 288x512, slices 120, in-plane resolution 1.3x1.0 mm, and slice resolution 1.88mm interpolated to 1.3mm). Scan time for the gated ceMRA was on average 23 sec, while the nongated was exactly 21sec. The results from the direct comparison show greatly improved definition of the cardiac structures and ventricular outflow, relative to the non-gated acquisition (Fig.2). Discussion and Conclusion: Not only within a triggered segment, in between triggered segments are also reordered to match desired overall time to center (TTC). Due to the pseudo-randomness of each trigger segment, the method minimizes the k-space data cohesiveness and may reduce the motion artifacts. The flexible triggered segmentation has successfully optimized the gated ceMRA without a compromise, and the proposed sequence holds promise for a variety of thoracic imaging applications such as electro physiology pre-operative segmentations.


We study the properties of a low-angular momentum, inviscid, advective accretion flow in a deformed Kerr spacetime under the framework of general theory of relativity. We solve the governing equations that describe the flow motion in terms of input parameters, namely energy (E), angular momentum (λ), spin (ak) and deformation parameter (ε), respectively. We find that global transonic accretion solutions continue to exist in non-Kerr spacetime. Depending on the input parameters, accretion flow is seen to experience shock transition and we find that shocked induced accretion solutions are available for a wide range of the parameter space in λ−E plane. We examine the modification of the shock parameter space with ε, and find that as ε is increased, the effective region of the parameter space is reduced, and gradually shifted towards the higher λ and lower E domain. In addition, for the first time in the literature, we notice that accretion flow having zero angular momentum admits shock transition when spacetime deformation is significantly large. Interestingly, beyond a critical limit of εmax, the nature of the central object alters from black hole to naked singularity and we identify εmax as function of ak. Further, we examine the accretion solutions and its properties around the naked singularity as well. Finally, we indicate the implications of the present formalism in the context of astrophysical applications.


The aim of this study was toinvestigate if definitive Adaptive Split Course Radiotherapy ASCRT of significantskin cancers could be done safely and successfully in select patients for whom a continuous course of fractionated treatment may have been too arduous Two patients with three skin cancerswere treated with ASCRT The first case involved a large Basal Cell Carcinoma BCC on year old woman rsquo s right temple The second case involved two cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinomas SCC a large lesion on the left anterior shin and a smaller on the right of a year old woman with oedematous legs Treatment volume reductions between phase one and two were on average both completed the prescribed radiotherapy RT course both had minimal acute reactions and there was complete responses in all three primary sites at weeks post RT To our knowledge this is the first report on the curative use of ASCRT for skin cancer The findings of this study indicate that ASCRT is an effective modality for the treatment of skin cancers in select patients


This work examined multiple aspects of pre-heating dental resin composite prior to light-curing: the monomer conversion and polymerization kinetics as a function of cure temperature, light-exposure duration and depth; the performance of the heating device (maximum temperature, thermal stability of device and temperature change when pre-heating compules); and clinically relevant issues (the effect of repeated and extended pre-heating cycles on conversion; in vitro intrapulpal temperature change and in vivo temperature change when using either room-temperature or pre-heated composite). Monomer conversion and kinetic parameters were determined using FTIR-ATR. Specimens were cured for 5, 10, 20 or 40s between 3 and 60C. Realtime monomer conversion, maximum conversion rate, time into exposure when maximum rate occurred, and conversion at maximum rate were calculated. Data were analyzed using regression analysis, Student's t-tests, and ANOVA with appropriate post-hoc tests (alpha = 0.05). Performance of the heating device was measured by monitoring the real-time temperature change with a K-type thermocouple connected to an analog-to-digital converter. Thermocouples were placed both in the heater and inside composite compules. Data were analyzed using Student t-test (alpha = 0.05). Compules (n=5) were submitted to one of the temperatures cycles: Repeated (from room temperature to 60C, 10 times) or Extended pre-heating (24h at 60C). Monomer conversion was measured 24h after cycling, with composite at room temperature, following the protocol described above. Data were analyzed using ANOVA and the Tukey-Kramer post-hoc test (alpha = 0.05). Intrapulpal temperature rise was measured by placing a K-type thermocouple in the pulp chamber of a extracted, human premolar, which had a Class V preparation (1mm remaining dentin thickness). The preparation was filled using composite either at room-temperature, or pre-heated while continuously monitoring intrapulpal temperature (n=5). Data were compared using ANOVA and the TukeyKramer post-hoc test (α=0.05). For measurement of temperature change in vivo, 2mm deep preparations were made on posterior teeth of a live human subject (n=3). Temperature values were recorded by placing a custom-made probe on the tooth preparation after each restorative procedure and during insertion of resin-composite at room temperature or pre-heated to 60 ̊C. Data were compared using a 2-way ANOVA, and Tukey-Kramer post-hoc test (α=0.05). Results indicated that: 1) prewarming composite prior to polymerization results in greater conversion, requires shorter exposure duration, and enhances maximal rate of conversion without changing the time into the exposure when the maximum rate occurs; 2) either the heating device or the compules achieved lower temperatures than those stated by the manufacturer; composite temperature loss upon removal from the heater was dramatic; 3) neither repeated nor extended pre-heating of composites significantly affected monomer conversion values; 4) no increase in intrapulpal temperature values was observed when comparing room temperature and pre-heated composite; 5) temperature measurement in vivo revealed that composite pre-heated to 60 ̊C attains only 8C above intraoral temperature upon delivery; thus, the composite preheating technique should be used with caution.


Water flooding performance evaluation and recovery prediction with relatively easy tools has always been among the top aims of reservoir engineering studies, especially for mature reservoirs in high water-cut period. Relative permeability curves are basic required properties reflecting multi-phase flow characteristic and used together with production history to evaluate reservoir performance. In high water-cut period the relative permeability ratio deviate from the empirical straight-line form, which makes traditional models less effective or erroneous in performance prediction. This paper presents a new relative permeability ratio model which can convert the non-linear characteristic of this problem into linear expression. And a new simple water flooding performance analysis technique is developed based on the new model, which can be used to forecast ultimate recovery factor and the corresponding sweep efficiency. The main advantage of this work is taking into account of high water-cut characteristic with less model parameters compared with other improved models. Synthetic case and field examples demonstrated the advantages of this method in parameter solving and consistency in history matching. The proposed technique in this work can be used as predictive analysis tool in forecasting ultimate recovery and performance evaluation for mature water flooding reservoirs.


We consider how the inter-temporal discreteness of the revenue and cost processes affect the optimal timing of a real estate investment opportunity in comparison with the investment timing strategy obtained by relying on the traditional continuous real option model. We characterize both optimal investment rules explicitly and show that the continuous model may lead to a significantly higher required rate of return than the discrete model. Hence, our results show that the use of continuous time models leads to smaller and suboptimal amount of investment. Our numerical illustrations also indicate that this difference grows as volatility increases. Consequently, even though higher volatility decelerates investment in the discrete case as well, it decelerates it less than the continuous model would predict.


Education, health, regional facilities like leisure parks, production, and industrial sites, events such as culture, fairs, and sports are all badly affected and impossible to develop without a transport facility. It was a descriptive study. The population of the study consisted of (N = 810) respondents (GGPS teachers) in district Lakki Marwat in which (n=162, respondents) Primary School female teachers were taken as a sample of the study by applying the L.R.Gay sample size rule of thumb. Simple random, stratified and disproportionate sampling techniques were used. The key objective of the study was to know the effects of transport problems on the teaching efficiency of primary school female teachers in district Lakki Marwat. The data was delimited to Lakki Marwat only. Data were collected through a self-developed questionnaire of Likert type scale response of anchors with options "Most Affect (76-100%), More Affect (51-75%), Much Affect (26-50%), Less Affect (1-25%), and Never Affect (No Effect) carrying values 1, 2, 3, 4, 5. Results and conclusions were drawn by revealing that transport problems had bad effects on the teaching efficiency of Primary School female teachers in district Lakki Marwat. For its solution, some recommendations were suggested at the end.


This paper analyzes the plot and the characters of The Merchant of Venice,and based on the historical religion conflict,it illustrates the difficult situation of the Jews in the Middle Ages,and reveals the clash between the Christians and Jews in that era.And finally it analyzes Shakespeare's viewpoint on anti-traditional view in Renaissance period.


Thank you for reading the 5 minute child health advisor. Maybe you have knowledge that, people have look hundreds times for their chosen books like this the 5 minute child health advisor, but end up in malicious downloads. Rather than reading a good book with a cup of coffee in the afternoon, instead they juggled with some malicious bugs inside their computer. the 5 minute child health advisor is available in our digital library an online access to it is set as public so you can download it instantly. Our book servers spans in multiple locations, allowing you to get the most less latency time to download any of our books like this one. Kindly say, the the 5 minute child health advisor is universally compatible with any devices to read.


Hole or electron doping of phases prepared by topochemical reactions (e.g. anion deintercalation or anion-exchange) is extremely challenging as these low-temperature conversion reactions are typically very sensitive to the electron counts of precursor phases. Here we report the successful hole and electron doping of the transition-metal oxyhydride LaSr 3 NiRuO 4 H 4 by first preparing precursors in the range La x Sr 4- x NiRuO 8 0.5 < x <1.4 and then converting to the corresponding La x Sr 4- x NiRuO 4 H 4 phases. This is particularly noteworthy as the (Ni/Ru)H 2 sheets in the.


This paper compared and analyzed the arc-induction efficiency of a superconducting arc-induction type DC circuit breaker. The superconducting arc-induction type DC circuit breaker is composed of a superconducting magnet, a mechanical breaking contact, and an induction needle. In addition, by inducing the arc generated from the mechanical contact using the induction needle connected in series with the ground wire, the high efficiency of the arc extinguishing operation is performed. However, in order to perform a reliable arc-induction operation, verification of the use of an appropriate induction needle is required. Therefore, we tried to compare and analyze the arc-induction characteristics depending on the length of the arc between the mechanical contacts and the presence or absence of a superconducting magnet. As a result, it was confirmed that the blocking operation time was shortened by about 21 times depending on the presence or absence of the superconducting magnet, and the result that the arc length had an effect on the arc-induction rate was confirmed.


Lakes in arid landscapes are indicators of environmental change and important sources of water for human use. In regions without in situ hydrologic measurements, remote sensing may provide the only means to monitor long‐term changes in water storage. We used a synergistic combination of multiple satellite remote‐sensing methods to provide the first comprehensive assessment of the dynamics of a newly formed chain of large lakes in the hyper‐arid Toshka Depression of southern Egypt. A total of 145 MODIS and AVHRR satellite images were used to monitor changes in lake surface area, which increased to a maximum of 1740 km2 before declining to 900 km2. Two methods were tested for satellite‐based measurement of lake levels and volumes, one based on analysis of a digital elevation model and one using data from the ICESat GLAS laser altimeter. This study shows the power of satellite remote sensing for long‐term monitoring of regional‐scale hydrologic transformations.


In order to realize autonomous manufacturing systems in environments characterized by high dynamics and high complexity of task, it is necessary to improve the control system modelling and performance. This requires the use of better and reusable abstractions. In this paper, we explore the metamodel techniques as a foundation to the solution of this problem. The increasing popularity of model-driven approaches and a new generation of tools to support metamodel techniques are changing software engineering landscape, boosting the adoption of new methodologies for control application development.


Membrane bound protein bodies (aleurone grains) are thought to be the main subcellular location of protein and mineral storage in seeds. In addition to structurally homogeneous proteinaceous matrix, protein bodies may contain protein crystalloids, electron–dense globoid crystals, electron–transparent soft globoids, and crystals of calcium oxalate. Protein crystalloids vary in shape, size and number. For example, cotyledon mesophyll cell protein bodies in the Cucurbitaceae generally contain protein crystalloids whereas those of Compositae and Cruciferae do not. Globoid crystals, which are rich in phytin, vary greatly in size and number per protein body. Some species have numerous small globoid crystals per protein body whereas others have one or two large globoid crystals per protein body. Phosphorus and various cations (K, Mg, Ca, Fe, Ba, Mn) located in globoid crystals can be studied with an energy dispersive X–ray (EDX) analysis system mounted on a transmission electron microscope. In some cases, cations such as Ca, Mn and Fe are specifically localized in globoid crystals of certain tissues or embryo regions. Further investigations may allow elemental composition of globoid crystals to be used in studies of systematics. Biref–ringent crystals, sometimes in the form of single large crystals but frequently in the form of druses, are present in protein bodies of some species. At least some endosperm protein bodies of all Umbelliferous species examined contain druse crystals. While seed protein bodies of relatively few species have been studied with electron microscopy, there are indications that protein bodies could be a useful character for studies in plant systematics.


Among the nationalistic publications which have proliferated in Russia since the collapse of the Soviet Union is a journal begun in July 1992 called Elementy: Evraziiskoe Obozrenie (Elements: Eurasian Review), published by the "Center for Special Meta-Strategic Studies." Edited by Alexandr Dugin, it lists as a co-editor Viktor Alsknis, the controversial former member of the former Russian parliament. Indicative of the character of this journal is the latest issue (No. 3, July 1993), which begins with an unsigned editorial statement (probably written by Dugin) titled "Auto-da-fé of the Intellectuals … Clearing the Way for the Elite." Uppermost in Elementy's agenda is the search for a new political orientation for Russia.


For mass cultivation of Candida albicans (serotype A), a fermenter dialysis culture technique is described and compared with shaking culture and fermenter batch culture techniques. Important growth parameters such as yeast dry weight and viable cell counts demonstrate the advantage of the fermenter dialysis culture. Mannan, the major antigen from Candida albicans prepared by phenol-water extraction followed by gel chromatography was tested with the monoclonal IgM antibody H5.


In FY 2004, JPL launched an initiative to improve the way it practices systems engineering. The Lab's senior management formed the systems engineering advancement (SEA) project in order to "significantly advance the practice and organizational capabilities of systems engineering at JPL on flight projects and ground support tasks". The scope of the SEA project includes the systems engineering work performed in all three dimensions of a program, project, or task: 1) the full life-cycle, i.e., concept through end of operations; 2) the full depth, i.e., program, project, system, subsystem, element (SE Levels 1 to 5); 3) the full technical scope, e.g., the flight, ground and launch systems, avionics, power, propulsion, telecommunications, thermal, etc. The initial focus of their efforts defined the following basic systems engineering functions at JPL: systems architecture, requirements management, interface definition, technical resource management, system design and analysis, system verification and validation, risk management, technical peer reviews, design process management and systems engineering task management. They also developed a list of highly valued personal behaviors of systems engineers, and are working to inculcate those behaviors into members of their systems engineering community. The SEA project is developing products, services, and training to support managers and practitioners throughout the entire system life-cycle. As these are developed, each one needs to be systematically deployed. Hence, the SEA project developed a deployment process that includes four aspects: infrastructure and operations, communication and outreach, education and training, and consulting support. In addition, the SEA project has taken a proactive approach to organizational change management and customer relationship management - both concepts and approaches not usually invoked in an engineering environment. This paper describes JPL's approach to advancing the practice of systems engineering at the Lab. It describes the general approach used and how they addressed the three key aspects of change: people, process and technology. It highlights a list of highly valued personal behaviors of systems engineers, discusses the various products, services and training that were developed, describes the deployment approach used, and concludes with several lessons learned


It is an interesting reflection upon the pluralism of our age that science, which occupies so prominent a position in the contemporary social science, houses with so little embarrassment a term like &dquo;gifted.&dquo; What exactly does the word mean? Referring to a dictionary of psychology (Drever, 1958) we find it defined as &dquo;possessing talents of a higher order, generally, or in a particular field of genius.&dquo; Turning to a definition of genius, we read, &dquo;the highest range of mental ability, either general, or in respect of special capacities of


To the Editor: Anaplastic large-cell lymphoma (ALCL) was first reported by Stein et al. (1) as a new diagnostic category based on its morphological characteristics and its reactivity with anti-Ki1 monoclonal antibody. This type of lymphoma has been reported as rarely involving organs other than skin (2). We present here a case of ALCL with an apparent involvement of the bone marrow. We analyzed the sequential bone marrow biopsy specimens using an immunohistochemical method. Of special interest was the finding that significant proliferation of small B lymphocytes was observed prior to the appearance of the lymphoma cells. A 32-year-old man was referred to Tsukuba University Hospital on August 6th, 1991, because of a high fever. He had a past history of interstitial pneumonitis, and 50 mg/day of prednisolone had been prescribed. Physical examination on admission revealed hepatosplenomegaly and mild anemia. There were no palpable lymph nodes. Initial blood count revealed a hemoglobin level of 10.7 g/dl, hematocrit value 32.6%, platelet count 23 600/mm3, and white blood cell count 15 OOO/mm3, with 86 % neutrophils, 13% lymphocytes, and 1 % eosinophils. Additional clinical tests showed a CRP level of 17.7 mg/dl, GOT 42 I.U./l, GPT 58 I.U./l, and LDH 416 I.U./l. Computed tomographic scan of the abdomen disclosed hepatosplenomegaly and multiple para-aortic lymph node swelling. Bone marrow examination showed the proliferation of mature small lymphocytes with no manifestations of the lymphoma cell involvement (Fig. 1-la). Surface marker analysis of the bone marrow mononuclear cells showed the following positive values: Leu4 (CD3), 17.1 % ; Leu3a (CD4), 4.9%; Leu2a (CD8), 12.5%; Leu1 (CD5), 19.6%; B4(CD19), 76.1%; B1 (CD20), 10.3%; andLeuDR (HLA-DR), 61.9%. Diagnostic laparotomy was performed. On the basis of the morphological findings of the para-aortic lymph node specimen, the patient was diagnosed as having lymphocyte depletion-type Hodgkin's disease. He was treated with three courses of combination chemotherapy including cyclophosphamide, nitrogen mustard, vindesine, procarbazine, and prednisolone, but the effect was minimal. Generalized lymphadenopathy appeared subsequently and the serum LDH level gradually increased. To re-evaluate the diagnosis, excisional biopsy of the right cervical lymph node was performed on 10 December 1991. The biopsy specimen showed sheetlike proliferation and occasional sinus involvement of the anaplastic large cells which had the surface phenotype of Ber-H2 (CD30)+, LeuM1 (CD15)-, leukocyte common antigen (LCA)' , epithelial membrane antigen (EMA)', and Leu5b (CD2)', consistent with ALCL. He was further treated with three courses of combination chemotherapy for nonHodgkin's lymphoma; this had no effect, and he died of resistant lymphoma on 9 March 1992. One of the characteristics of the present case was the apparent involvement of the lymphoma cells into bone marrow, which has been reported to be a rare complication of ALCL (3). Furthermore, and interestingly, the proliferation of the small benign appearing lymphocytes preceded the involvement of the lymphoma cells into bone marrow. To analyze the relationship between the proliferation of B lymphocytes and the development of the lymphoma lesion, each of the paraffin-embedded bone marrow specimens was stained with L26 and Ber-H2 (CD30) antibodies. As shown in Fig. 1-1, in the initial bone marrow biopsy specimen L26-positive small monomorphic lymphocytes proliferated with no involvement of Ber-H2-positive cells. In accordance with the progression of the disease, L26-positive small lymphocytes decreased, whereas Ber-H2-positive anaplastic large cells increased (Fig. 1-2, 1-3). Boae marrow biopsy on 3 December 1991 showed the almost complete depletion of L26-positive lymphocytes and the proliferation of Ber-H2-positive lymphoma cells (Fig. 1-3). L26-positive lymphocytes with the same morphological features were also


As a new numerical simulation method, the extended finite element method can deal with the discontinuous problems more effectively than the finite element method. In this paper, the basic theory about the extended finite element method is introduced briefly. The stress intensity factor of the crack of mode I is numerically calculated based on the extended finite element method. The numerical calculations show that the extended finite element method is an approach with high-efficiency for the problems with crack.


Recent studies have shown that the perception of facial expressions of emotion fits the criteria of categorical perception (CP). The present paper tests whether a pattern of categories emerges when facial expressions are examined within the framework of multidimensional scaling. Blends of five "pure" expressions (Angry, Sad, Surprised, Happy, Neutral) were created using computerised "morphing", providing the stimuli for four experiments. Instead of attempting to identify these stimuli, subjects described the proximities between them, using two quite different forms of data: similarity comparisons, and sorting partitions. Multidimensional scaling techniques were applied to integrate the resulting ordinal-level data into models which represent the interstimulus similarities at ratio level. All four experiments yielded strong evidence that the expressions were perceived in distinct categories. Adjacent pairs in the models were not spaced at equal intervals, but were clustered together as if drawn towards a "perceptual magnet"; within each category. We argue that spatial representations are compatible with CP effects, and indeed are a useful tool for investigating them.


The popularity of the rural areas and especially the mountain areas (in deep areas) as a possibility to spend vacation has increased in most countries. Almost all rural areas can provide great opportunities for the development of various forms of rural tourism there being many examples according to wich many rural areas, through appropriate and effective strategies arrive to do a difference or positive development in the socio-economic term, besides others. One of the concepts that are increasingly used is the "touristic village". The purpose of the tourist village is to develop a sustainable village, which will bring investment, where citizens will have different benefits. In this project presented analyses, research and at the end a project idea for developing a small touristic village in Brezna village in the municipality of Dragash, exactly around the shore of the lake Brezna.


Crop Production AS – 42 – Agronomic evaluation of promising new sugarcane genotypes 1 Objective : To work out agronomy of sugarcane genotypes from advance varietal trial (AVT) 2 Year of start : 2010-11 3 Year of completion : Continue 4 Design : RBD 5 Treatment : 3 varieties from early group & 3 from midlate maturity group 6 Plot size : 6 rows of 6 m length 7 Replication : 4 8 Date of sowing : 09.03.2013 9 Date of harvesting : 15.01.2014


The chiral soliton of the Nambu-Jona-Lasinio model is investigated including vector and axial-vector mesons. It is found that the baryon number is carried by the polarised Dirac sea of the quarks in contrast to the case without the (axial-) vector mesons where the baryon number resides on (positive-energy) valence quarks. Thus the model strongly supports the picture of the baryon as a topological soliton of the meson fields


This study showed the theoretical background of transition education and the problem of various transition education models in both broad and narrow concepts. The transition education model is what systematically described educational activity and service offered to help the handicapped person who transferred from one situation to another. The purpose of transition education is to promote proper transition from school to society such as an individual student's integrated employment activities and education, service for an adult and independent life or society. The transition education models developed until now are the pattern of narrow concept and broad concern, the former is the model developed on the basis of transition education concept of beginning which largely focused on job transition at high school level, meanwhile, the latter is the comprehensive model for social integration, focused on transition such as the employment through all life or various school levels and leisure and participation In community. The vocational guidance-oriented transition education models belonging to the narrow concept are as follows: Wills model focused on adult employment patterns Wehman's model focused on the important result of transition education program in employment The student-oriented model emphasized a student's positive participation The aims of transition education belonging to the broad concept models are as follows: Halpern's model emphasized total aspects for the integration of local community Brolin's life-oriented transition model Sitlington's transition education model


The Sudbury area environment became drastically altered commencing in the 1870's with lumbering, repeated fires and early open roasting operations from 1888 to 1929. These combined factors had such a pronounced effect on the Sudbury environment that approximately 24 square miles (64 sq. km.) were totally denuded of any vegetation and 87 square miles (225 sq. km.) were semi-barren. Over the years, the Sudbury area environment has improved considerably. This has been due to emission cutbacks by both Inco Metals and Falconbridge Limited, coupled with industry, government and community reclamation programs. The improvements are discussed. An understanding of the historical background is presented.


A new mechanism of radiation emission in the polar gap of a pulsar is proposed. It is the curvature radiation which is emitted by returning positrons moving toward the surface of the neutron star along field lines of the inclined magnetic field and reflects from the surface. Such radiation interferes with transition radiation emitted from the neutron star when positrons hit the surface. It is shown that the proposed mechanism may be applicable for explanation of the mystery of the interpulse shift in the Crab pulsar at high frequencies discovered by Moffett and Hankins twenty years ago.


* Abbreviations:
 CEO — : chief executive officer
 FAMRI — : Flight Attendant Medical Research Institute

We are the Miami, Florida, husband and wife legal team who filed the first class action lawsuit against the tobacco industry in 1991, Broin v Philip Morris , on behalf of a nationwide class of nonsmoking flight attendants who suffered the diseases of smokers from breathing tobacco smoke while working in airline cabins. Broin was followed by our smokers' class action lawsuit, Engle v R.J. Reynolds , filed in 1994. Dr Howard Engle was the pediatrician for our 9 children and, as a longtime addicted smoker, served as lead class representative. Both class actions received a great deal of media attention, raised public awareness of the dangers of secondhand smoke, and helped bring about much-needed smoking bans.

The prevalent attitude in 1991, as reflected during Broin jury selection, was that secondhand cigarette smoke was a mere annoyance, not a health risk. Tobacco company lawyers argued during the Broin trial that secondhand smoke exposure in an airline cabin was the equivalent of "a few packets of Sweet 'N Low in Lake Okeechobee."

Broin was settled after 4 months of …

Address correspondence to Susan Rosenblatt, Flight Attendant Medical Research Institute, Miami, FL. E-mail: susan{at}stanleyandsusanrosenblatt.com


An equalizer for the same channel repeater for a terrestrial DTV(Digital Television) broadcasting system is provided to decode and encode symbol data exactly through various algorithms to remove noise included in an input signal. An equalizer for the same channel repeater includes a first storage unit(308), a second storage unit(311), a decoding unit(304), a MUX(Multiplexer) terminal(305), a control unit(307), an error signal calculating unit(306), a tap coefficient updating unit of an FFF(Feed Forward Filter)(309), and a tap coefficient updating unit of an FBF(Feedback Filter)(310). The error signal calculating unit calculates an error signal by using a signal outputted from the MUX terminal and a signal stored in the second storage unit. The tap coefficient updating unit of the FFF compares a signal outputted from the error signal calculating unit with a signal stored in the first storage unit to update the tap coefficient of the FFF. The tap coefficient updating unit of the FBF compares the signal outputted from the MUX terminal with the signal outputted from the error signal calculating unit to update the tap coefficient of the FBF.


Walter Zimmermann (b. 1949) is one of the most interesting figures in German music today, interesting not only because of his own music but also because of his enthusiastic advocacy of a wide range of other musics. In Cologne, where Zimmermann was based from his student days until his recent move to West Berlin, he founded the Beginner Studio where he promoted a concert series that embraced everything from improvisation to minimalism, from the avantgarde to ethnic musics. In particular he used the Beginner Studio as a venue to introduce many of the more 'experimental' American composers whose music he had encountered in preparing his book of interviews, Desert Plants.


Affected by human activities and natural factors, the area of the Huixian karst wetland has been shrinking in recent years. As the main data source, Landsat5 TM remote sensing image was used to analyze the trend of wetland landforms and its driving factors. The changes of various types and the sensitivity of water influencing factors of Huixian wetland in the past 30 years were analyzed by visual interpretation, supervised classification and geographic information system. The analysis results show that the water area of the wetland has decreased significantly in the past 30 years, and the reduction is 4.52 km2.The fish pond area appears an increasing trend, and the increase is 2.81 km2.The increase of farmland and vegetation is 1.66 km2 and 0.33 km2 respectively. The increase of fish ponds is much smaller than the reduction of water bodies.Water bodies have been developed into farmland or vegetation land. The main driving factor of land type change is human activity, and natural driving is secondary.Sensitivity analysis shows that water for agriculture and fish ponds is the most important factor contributing to the shrinkage of natural water bodies in Huixian wetland.


In order to analyze the changes of joint opening displacement(JOD) of cement concrete pavement under different road structures and material parameters,the joint model was established by using a 3D finite element method.Various factors of JOD were quantitatively analyzed.The results show that JOD is significantly effected by temperature gradient,base modulus,slab length and slab thickness,and the relationship between JOD and temperature gradient is the logarithmic,the base modulus is the power,and both the slab length and thickness are the exponential.Based on the above analysis,the formulae of joint changes have been set up with the consideration of four main factors,the theoretical analysis is verified by using the measured data,and the results provide the potential for the joint design and selecting the joint filler.


This article investigates the stock market portfolios of insurance company portfolio managers and compares the characteristics of their equity holdings with those of other (noninsurance) institutional equity portfolios. The main finding is that the cross-sectional determinants documented by earlier researchers for aggregate institutional ownership levels in firms do not have the same explanatory power for levels of ownership of insurance companies. On the other hand, these same firm characteristics have significantly high explanatory power regarding the decision of insurance companies to invest in a firm.


Taking into account some previous results on faults detection and isolation (FDI) problem for continuous linear descriptor systems subject to faults and exogenous disturbances, an idea to extend the acceptable performance index to less strong assumptions involving exogenous disturbances is presented. This idea is based on a LMI characterization which allows to minimize the H∞ norm associated to transfer matrix from exogenous disturbances to estimated faults. Furthermore, as in previous results, some fundamental conditions for existence of two observer structures, one used to residual generation, and another used for faults reconstruction/isolation are established. These conditions, presented on two phases, are focused respectively on two Sylvester equations. If desired, some conditions for numerical conditioning optimization can be added. An eigenstructure assignment algorithm to design the desired FDI system is presented. Keywords— Descriptor Systems, Fault Detection and Isolation (FDI), Disturbance effects minimization, Observers, Sylvester equation.


Abstract A new process of catalyst particles separations based on hydrocyclone technology is designed and an industrial sidetrack tester was set up in an 1.8 Mt/a catalytic cracking unit. In order to improve the separation efficiency of catalyst particles from oil slurry by hydrocyclones, the computational fluid dynamics method was used to optimize the geometry design of the hydrocyclone. Based on the simulation, a new design is proposed and proves to be able to improve the performance of hydrocyclone considerably. The catalyst solid particles concentrations in the range of 7,080–12,210 mg/L can be reduced to the range of 1,520–5,660 mg/L by the hydrocyclone. The method of hydrocyclone separation is feasible to remove catalyst particles from oil slurry.


In complex, dynamic environments, an agent's knowledge of the environment (its domain knowledge) will rarely be complete and correct. Existing approaches to learning and correcting domain knowledge have focused on either learning procedural knowledge to directly guide execution (e.g. reinforcement learners) or learning declarative planning knowledge (e.g. theory revision systems). Systems that only learn execution knowledge are generally only applicable to small domains. In these domains it is possible to learn an execution policy that covers the entire state space, making planning unnecessary. Conversely, existing approaches to learning declarative planning knowledge are applicable to large domains, but they are limited to simple agents, where actions produce immediate, deterministic effects in fully sensed, noise-free environments, and where there are no exogenous events.
This research investigates the use of procedural knowledge to support the learning of planning knowledge in large and complex environments. We describe a series of environmental properties that constrain learning and are violated by existing approaches to learning planning knowledge. We then present an operator-based representation for planning knowledge that is sufficiently expressive to model complex, conditional actions that produce sequential effects over time. We then present IMPROV, a system for learning and correcting errors in this planning knowledge that only requires procedural access to the knowledge. This procedural restriction ensures that learning remains tractable, even over these large, expressive representations. We first explain how IMPROV incrementally learns operator precondition knowledge. We then demonstrate how a hierarchical, operator-based representation can be used to reduce the problem of learning operator effects to the problem of learning operator preconditions. This result allows IMPROV to use a single learning method to learn both operator preconditions and effects. This also allows IMPROV to learn complex models of actions that produce conditional or sequential effects. Finally, we test the system in two sample domains and empirically demonstrate that it satisfies many of the constraints faced by learning agents in complex and challenging environments.


A unified model is constructed to study the recently observed DNA entropic elasticity, cooperative extensibility, and supercoiling property. With the introduction of a new structural parameter (the folding angle ϕ), bending deformations of sugar-phosphate backbones, steric effects of nucleotide basepairs, and short-range basestacking interactions are considered. The comprehensive agreement of theoretical results with experimental observations on both torsionally relaxed and negatively supercoiled DNAs strongly indicates that, basestacking interactions, although short-ranged in nature, dominate the elasticity of DNA and hence are of vital biological significance.


The process of protonation of [2,6-B10H8O2CCH3]− was investigated both theoretically and experimentally. The most suitable conditions for protonation of the derivative [2,6-B10H8O2CCH3]− were found. The process of protonation was carried out in the presence of an excess of trifluoromethanesulfonic acid CF3SO3H at room temperature in dichloromethane solution. The structure of the resulting complex [2,6-B10H8O2CCH3*Hfac]0 was established using NMR data and the results of DFT calculations. An additional proton atom Hfac was found to be localized on one of the facets that was opposite the boron atom in a substituted position, and which bonded mainly with one apical boron atom. The main descriptors of the B-Hfac bond were established theoretically using QTAIM and NBO approaches. In addition, the mechanism of [2,6-B10H8O2CCH3]− protonation was investigated.


Purpose: Keratomileusis was performed in rabbits to investigate the effects of corneal epithelium on the corneal stromal keratocyte apoptosis and the effect of human IL-1 and TNF on apoptotic genes in human corneal stromal cells was evaluated. Methods: Fifty six New Zealand white rabbits underwent corneal flap procedure and corneal epithelium was inserted between the corneal flap and underlying stroma. Keratocyte apoptosis was detected with the TUNEL assay. Gene array technique was used to evaluate changes in apoptosis gene in human stromal fibroblasts in response to human recombinant IL-1 and TNF in vitro. Results: Keratocyte apoptosis was significantly greater in group for flap with insertion of peripheral epithelium at 4 hours after surgery(p=0.0249). IL-1 or TNF regulated the expression of several genes (insulin like growth factor, stress activated protein kinase, GTP binding protein, IGFBP4) up and down in human stromal fibroblasts in culture. Conclusions: We think that the differences in the stromal cell apoptosis after keratomileusis were due to stromal cell response to various factors of inserted corneal epithelium, We found various new apoptosis gene expression in cultured human keratocytes mediated by IL-1 and TNF that were secreted in corneal epithelium. These genes likely trigger the apoptosis of keratocyte following epithelial insertion associated with corneal surgery.


This paper analyses a lecture by an excellent teaching award winner professor of mathematics, given to high school mathematics teachers. The analysis is based upon two sources: (i) the lecture plan, as expressed in a series of 29 transparencies, prepared by the lecturer in advance; (ii) the actual implementation of the lecture, as transcribed from its video-taped record. Based on this analysis six principles for planning and giving a good lecture were developed. The paper provides the readers with full details of the content as well as non-verbal communication gestures exemplifying the employment of the six principles.


Subzero‐temperature Li‐ion batteries (LIBs) are highly important for specific energy storage applications. Although the nickel‐rich layered lithium transition metal oxides(LiNixCoyMnzO2) (LNCM) (x > 0.5, x + y +z = 1) are promising cathode materials for LIBs, their very slow Li‐ion diffusion is a main hurdle on the way to achieve high‐performance subzero‐temperature LIBs. Here, a class of low‐temperature organic/inorganic hybrid cathode materials for LIBs, prepared by grafting a conducting polymer coating on the surface of 3 µm sized LiNi0.6Co0.2Mn0.2O2 (LNCM‐3) material particles via a greener diazonium soft‐chemistry method is reported. Specifically, LNCM‐3 particles are uniformly coated with a thin polyphenylene film via the spontaneous reaction between LNCM‐3 and C6H5N2+BF4−. Compared with the uncoated one, the polyphenylene‐coated LNCM‐3 (polyphenylene/LNCM‐3) has shown much improved low‐temperature discharge capacity (≈148 mAh g−1 at 0.1 C, −20 °C), outstanding rate capability (≈105 mAh g−1 at 1 C, −20 °C), and superior low‐temperature long‐term cycling stability (capacity retention is up to 90% at 0.5 C over 1150 cycles). The low‐temperature performance of polyphenylene/LNCM‐3 is the best among the reported state‐of‐the art cathode materials for LIBs. The present strategy opens up a new avenue to construct advanced cathode materials for wider range applications.


A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment for the award of master of philosophy in accounting at the School of Business Of Kwame Nkruma University of Science and Technology, 2015