Body size can impose tighter energetic constraints on smaller than on larger species. Accordingly, we tested whether smaller duck species were more inclined than larger species to save on metabolic costs by using nest sites that received more solar radiation (insolation) and experienced higher temperatures, and by initiating nests during warmer seasons. We also tested whether smaller duck species nested closer to food (wetlands) than did larger species, to save energy during incubation or on foraging trips. Because nest sites receiving less insolation may also be less concealed, we made an additional prediction that nest-predation rates would be higher for smaller than for larger species. Tests were also conducted intraspecifically. Over 8 years, variables used for testing these predictions were quantified at nests representing six species and 838 individuals. Body masses of 189 females from these nests were also obtained. Predictions that body size would affect nest concealment, nest-initiation date, and distance from water were supported by the results of interspecific tests. Additional support for the prediction that smaller species would nest later in the year was obtained from the literature. The prediction that species using less nest concealment would also have higher predation rates was not supported. Intraspecific variation in body mass was not a good predictor of either nest concealment, distance to water, or susceptibility to predation. Overall, our results reveal important influences of body size on duck nesting ecology. Resume : La taille peut imposer des contraintes energetiques plus severes chez les petites que chez les grosses especes. Dans cette optique, nous avons cherche a determiner si les petites especes de canards sont plus susceptibles que les grosses de reduire leurs couts metaboliques en construisant leurs nids a des endroits plus exposes aux radiations solaires (ensoleillement) et ou les temperatures sont plus elevees et en nichant au cours de periodes plus chaudes. Nous avons egalement examine si les petites especes de canards nichent plus pres de leur source de nourriture (zones humides), economisant ainsi de l'energie lors de leurs excursions de quete de nourriture pendant l'incubation. Comme les sites des nids qui recoivent moins d'ensoleillement sont susceptibles d'etre moins bien proteges, nous avons considere une prediction additionnelle selon laquelle les taux de predation au nid seraient plus eleves dans le cas des petites especes. Nous avons egalement procede a des tests intraspecifiques. Sur une periode de 8 ans, les variables utilisees pour tester les hypotheses ont ete quantifiees dans des nids representant six especes et 838 oiseaux. La masse a ete mesuree chez 189 femelles dans ces nids. Les predictions selon lesquelles la taille influence le camouflage du


Sea area utilization for the processed waste water discharge from the coastal cities is a feasible method in which the marine environmental capacity and self-purification capacity are used for the environmental protection.Taoziwan Waste Water Treatment Plant was completely established in Yantai in October 1998 and came into operation with a waste water treatment ability about 250,000m3/d.The waste water discharging tube engineering project is an important component of the plant.The parameters for the tube design are calculated,which can be refered for the others engaged in the waste water treatment engineering in coastal cities.


T he Video and Image Processing (VIP) Cup is a student competition that takes place each year at the IEEE International Conference on Image Processing. Undergraduate students are encouraged to form teams to work on a specific challenge, which, for the 2019 IEEE VIP Cup, focused on video processing from a chest-mounted camera for the privacy-aware recognition of activities of the wearer. The motivation behind this challenge is the increasing use of wearable cameras to collect first-person videos (FPVs) that can be used for the recognition of activities at home, in the workplace, and during sporting activities [1], [2]. FPV activity recognition has important applications, which include assisted living, activity tracking, and life logging. The main challenges of FPV activity recognition are the presence of outlier motions (for example, other people captured by the camera), motion blur, illumination changes, and selfocclusions [1]–[3]. Moreover, as videos captured by body cameras may leak sensitive/confidential information about individuals (e.g., bank details), the 2019 IEEE VIP Cup encouraged the design of privacy-enhancing solutions that protect privacy but are not detrimental to the activity recognition performance. An annotated data set of activities from several subjects (see http://www.eecs .qmul.ac.uk /~andrea /f pvo) a nd a so-called Getting Started code (see https://github.com/girmaw/VIPCUP) were provided [4]. In this article, we present an overview of the 2019 IEEE VIP Cup ex perience including the competition setup, the teams, and their technical approaches. Finally, we share the experience along with feedback obtained from the finalists.


Using Brownian motion ideas, we give two proofs that for a large class of V's, (-A + V)u = Eu and u(x0) = 0 implies that u changes sign near x0.


Muscodor roseus anam. sp. nov. is described as a deuteromycetous (mycelia sterilia) endophytic fungus bearing molecular relatedness to the ascomyceteous genus Xylaria. The fungus is characterized by producing a pinkish, felt-like mycelium on PDA and other media. No fruiting structures or spores of any kind have been found when the fungus has been incubated on multiple synthetic and natural media containing steriled pieces of the host plant (Grevillea pteridifolia) or other plant materials. The hyphae (0.8 - 3.6 μm dia.) grow in multiple rope-like strands and these can intertwine to make more complex structures. Frequently seen are tight perfect coils of hyphae (20 μm dia.) containing many loops of a single fungal hypha. The fungus is related to Xylariaceae by virtue of 96-98% similarities of its 18S rDNA (2055 bp) to representative members of this group. Phylogenetic analysis based on 18S sequences showed that M. roseus is taxonomically related to Muscodor albus. Muscodor roseus, having two isolates recovered and deposited, also produces a mixture of volatile antibiotics having a musty odor as does M albus.


Hoaxes have become a common phenomenon in Indonesia. The Indonesian Telematics Society Survey shows that even though Indonesian people understand the way in recognizing hoaxes, they Indonesia are not sure of being able to immediately recognize hoaxes. Based on previous studies, there are two reasons that lead to lack of the assuredness, namely, the idleness in using thinking skills and ignorance of hoax indicators in the news they read. This study aims to find the correlation between avoidance behavior toward information that can indicate hoax, critical skill, and individual perception of easiness in obtaining the information regarding hoaxes. Information Avoidance Scale and the Critical Skill dimensions of the Digital Literacy Scale were adapted to Bahasa Indonesia to measure the tendency of information avoidance and critical skills. Whereas an instrument to measure the perception of the easiness to obtain information was constructed independently. The results indicate that critical skills and perceptions of the easiness to obtain information have a negative correlation with the tendency to avoid information. However, because the correlation is poor, critical skills and perceptions of the easiness to obtain information do not adequately explain a person's tendency to avoid information that can help him to recognize hoaxes.


This article analyses David Monahan's photographic portrait series of over 120 people before emigrating from post-Celtic Tiger Ireland, entitled 'Leaving Dublin'. As a digital series that circulates across multiple media channels, it moves beyond the tradition of documentary photography into a more hybrid aesthetic, political and media environment. As well as inserting these images in multiple circulatory platforms and replicable formats, the series disrupts the dominant visual culture of emigration by expressively recasting how it is seen and thought. This article argues that the highly stylised and unsentimental aesthetic adopted by Monahan pushes the images beyond the established visual culture of sentimental departure, visualising instead transnational and multicultural histories and politics through complex circuits of migration. As such, it highlights what Mieke Bal sees as the instability of migratory culture in the city landscape. At the same time, however, it re-enacts particular social distinctions and divisions. Just as new trajectories, relationalites and stories 'appear' as constitutive of Dublin and contemporary mobility, so also other trajectories, relationalities and mobilities are disappeared in ways that keep an exclusionary topography and politics of mobility in place. This is evident in the insistent and persistent separation between Irish asylum-seeking/immigration and emigration-focused digital photographic projects. So, although digitisation facilitates reflexive ways of communicating contemporary migration, and Monahan's project succeeds in forging subtle connections, it also re-enacts structured disconnection and forgetting.


Improvement in competitiveness of mining clusters is inextricably linked with enhancement of labor safety and efficiency. Meeting these objectives is possible through wider implementation of robotic systems both at the stages of mining and transportation of minerals. The paper analyzes the current state, prospects and a general trend of development of robotic mining equipment. The advanced types of foreign and Russian automated equipment, and also the basic concepts and programs of robotization are considered. To date the areas of application of robotics in the mining industry include automated batching, rock excavation and transportation, mapping and geodesy, drilling and explosives processing. The introduction of robots in mining places special demands on their reliability and quality, and raises numerous problems and unresolved issues that both academia and industry must jointly identify and address. The widespread use of robotic technology in surface and underground mining can lead to significant changes in the design of quarries and mines, as well as in the safety regulations, and contribute to the development of new types of mining machinery and equipment, which will provide a significant increase in mining efficiency.


Biodiversity–ecosystem functioning experiments have shown that plant species and functional group richness are important drivers of grassland productivity, but the impact that plant order of arrival (i.e. priority effects) has on grassland overyielding and its drivers (complementarity and dominance effects) has been overlooked so far. Using species‐specific plant biomass data collected in mixture and monoculture plots of a grassland field experiment (Julich Priority Effect experiment) that manipulated the order of arrival of three plant functional groups (forbs, grasses and legumes), we quantified net biodiversity effects (overyielding) as well as complementarity and dominance effects in mixtures one and 2 years after sowing. In this experiment, priority effects were created by sowing one functional group 6 weeks before the two others. First, we tested whether plant order of arrival affected overyielding, complementarity and dominance effects. Second, we investigated whether the magnitude of net biodiversity, complementarity and dominance effects was dependent on the strength and direction of priority effects. We found that complementarity and dominance effects were affected by plant order of arrival during community assembly. In addition, we found that moving from negative to positive priority effects increased grassland overyielding, mainly via increased complementarity effects. These results highlight the need to combine biodiversity and assembly approaches in future ecosystem functioning research, as this will increase the predictive power of community ecology in conservation and ecological restoration. A free Plain Language Summary can be found within the Supporting Information of this article.


Natural radionuclides belonging to Th 232 , U 238 decay chains, K 40 and Cs 137 in contents of beach sands and bottom sediments collected at various locations over Idku coast and Idku lake, respectively have been determined using low background computerized high resolution gamma ray spectrometer. A distribution map for each radionuclide distribution was presented for idku lake as well as radium equivalent and the external hazard index which resulted from the natural radionuclides in sediments are also calculated and tabulated for the analyzed samples.


: Three TM remote-sensing images ( 2001 , 2005 , and 2010 ) were analyzed using GIS technology to identify the relationships between coastline changes and the landscape evolution of salt marshes in different sub-regions ( Ⅰ , Diaokou estuary sub-region ; Ⅱ , Dongying harbor sub-region ; Ⅲ , Current estuary sub-region ; Ⅴ , Laizhou Bay sub-region ) of the The changes to coastline was the determinant factor affecting the landscape patterns in the different sub-regions , and the long-term implementation of " Water and sediment regulation project of the Yellow River " has also significantly changed the coastline and the succession of vegetation landscape types over recent years.


In the 2009 Budget, the Rudd Government introduced a new cap on concessional contributions for superannuation. It should not be assumed that this measure is the last change to the superannuation system to be made by the Government. It is more likely to be an interim step, with further changes made in the 2010 Budget or early in the Government's second term.


I. Strategic Setting. We have entered a turbulent era in international affairs. Despite continuing economic growth and integration in much of Asia and deeper and wider cultural interactions, the current security situation in Asia Pacific is also viewed by most as increasingly uncertain, deteriorating, and dangerous. Where only a decade ago direct military conflict between major powers seemed a remote prospect, the risks of inadvertent conflict and escalation are rising, especially in Northeast Asia. No leader in the region is advocating war and it is unlikely. But the fact that war is irrational does not make it unthinkable.


Fouorescence determination of benzonic acid hydroxylation products was used to measure·OH formation in Fenton reaction. The results show that ascorbic acid may promote the generation of ·OH radicals under suitable conditions, but it is also effective·OH scavenger. The 2-hydroxybenzonic acid is highly fluorescent, which was seperated from Fenton-type reaction system by HPLC at the first time. Three major hydroxylated products was quantified, corresponding to 2-, 3-, 4- hydroxybenzonic acid. Therefore the quantity of ·OH in the reactive system can be primarily calculated.


Because of climate change and other problems there is an urgent need for increased innovation in the carmaking industry. The computer industry has a very high innovation rate. Switching from integrated cars to modular cars could make the carmaking industry more like the computer industry and could provide a number of advantages for cars and the carmaking industry, including increased innovation, more pervasive use of clean, renewable, and carbon-neutral energy sources, and promoting sustainability in carmaking and reparability of cars. Until modular cars are built, those advantages are theoretical advantages. Building modular model cars is a way to start to move from theoretical research on modular cars to practical research and development. Modular model cars are a great teaching tool, and students can contribute to the process of increasing innovation in carmaking.


From 1999 through 2001 we located and monitored Western Tanager ( Piranga ludoviciana) nests in pub- lic open-space properties in Boulder County, Colorado. Fifty-four of 58 nests were located in ponderosa pine and the remainder in Douglas -fir. Nests were generally placed near the midpoint of branches in areas of high canopy cover (>50%) in the middle section of nest trees. Nest height varied as a function of nest tree height, and nests were oriented randomly in relation to trunks of nest trees. Tanager nesting success varied annually, with estimates using the Mayfield method ranging from 11.3% in 2000 to 75.3% in 2001. At least 8 nests were predated, and predation was the primary cause of nest failure. Parasitism by Brown-headed Cowbirds (Molothrus ater) occurred in 7 of 17 (41%) nests found dur- ing egg-laying or incubation. Clutch size averaged 3.8 in 10 unparasitized nests, but only 2.4 in 8 parasitized nests. Brood parasitism dramatically reduced the number of tanager fledglings produced per nest.


Stakeholder TheoryStakeholder TheoryStakeholder Theory and Organizational EthicsToward a New Theory of the FirmThe SAGE Encyclopedia of Business Ethics and SocietyWhat's at Stake?Capitalism at the CrossoadsThe Corporation and Its StakeholdersSustainability, Stakeholder Governance, and Corporate Social ResponsibilityThe Cambridge Handbook of Stakeholder TheoryA Stakeholder Approach to Corporate Social ResponsibilityThe Dynamism of Stakeholder EngagementPublic Governance and the Classical-Liberal PerspectiveStakeholder ManagementStrategic ManagementThe Routledge Companion to Family BusinessThe Power of AndTowards the E-SocietyStakeholder TheoryLimits to Stakeholder InfluenceStakeholder ManagementSocial EntrepreneurshipUnderstanding Stakeholder ThinkingManaging Organizational ResponsivenessManaging for StakeholdersStakeholder TheoryCapitalism, Corporations and the Social ContractCertification in Public Health (CPH) Q&A Exam ReviewGlobal Stakeholder Relationships GovernanceEfficiency and LogisticsToward a Contingency Theory of Stakeholder Relevance and the Stakeholder Mapping ProcessResponsibility, Ethics and Legitimacy of CorporationsThe Rules of Project Risk ManagementBusiness EthicsTowards Zero WasteStakeholder Thinking in MarketingBusiness EthicsStakeholder Engagement: Clinical Research CasesSocial Movements, Stakeholders and Non-Market StrategyRedefining the Corporation


We consider the orbital stability of single-spike bound states of semiclassical nonlinear Schrodinger equations with critical nonlinearity and a trap potential. Due to the effect of the trap potential, we derive the asymptotic expansion formulas and obtain the necessary conditions for orbital stability and instability of single-spike bound states. Our argument is applied to two-component systems of nonlinear Schrodinger equations with a common trap potential, cubic nonlinearity in two spatial dimensions. The orbital stability of bound states with spikes of these systems is investigated. Our results show the existence of stable spikes in two-dimensional Bose–Einstein condensates.


Antimicrobial activity of everninomicin (SCH) 27899) in comparison with two glycopeptides (vancomycin, teicoplanin) and six beta-lactam agents was evaluated against recent clinical isolates of Gram-positive bacteria. Everninomicin showed the highest activity against the species tested and MICs90% of everninomicin against Streptococcus pneumoniae, Streptococcus pyogenes, Enterococcus faecalis, Enterococcus faecium and Clostridium difficile were 0.1, 0.1, 0.2, 0.39, 0.1 microgram/ml, respectively. MICs90% of everninomicin against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and Staphylococcus epidermidis (MRSE) were 0.78 microgram/ml. Laboratory induced resistance to everninomicin in strains of S. aureus and E. faecalis occurred in a stepwise manner and at a very slow rate. Post-antibiotic effect against strains of S. aureus and E. faecalis were 1.8 and 2.6 h, respectively, and a little longer than that of vancomycin. Adherence to glass surface of an MRSA strain was strongly repressed by the addition of sub MIC of everninomicin in combination with fosfomycin.


Productivity measurement, impacts of technology spillovers and trend towards indigenous R&D is seriously lacking in manufacturing sector of Pakistan. There are very few studies carried out in this development sensitive area. This research was conducted to see the impacts of technology spillovers on total productivity of manufacturing sector in Pakistan. Furthermore, it was intended to check the effects of increase in capital stocks, labor employed, collaboration with academia, and technology transfer on the total productivity and technology spillovers. This study was carried out with the help of data provided by Federal Bureau of Statistics (FBS), Economic Surveys (ES), State Bank of Pakistan (SBP), Ministry of Industries and Production (MIP) and Planning Commission (PC) of the manufacturing sector of Pakistan and consisted of all major industrial groups including food, tobacco, textile, chemical, cement, fertilizers, automobile, electrical machinery and materials. The data was analyzed using descriptive statistics, correlation, regression and reliability tests on SPSS-17. The results showed that textile sector, although largest manufacturing sector, is least productive, while tobacco sector is most productive sector. Automobile, petroleum and machinery and equipment manufacturing sector are other potential sectors. Furthermore, the study realized the presence of both horizontal and vertical spillovers in all sectors with varying intensities and their positive effect on productivity. This study faced several limitations in the availability of data related to statistics of material inputs, employed labor and R&D investment.

 Key words: Technology spillovers, foreign direct investment (FDI), productivity, performance management, horizontal spillovers, vertical spillovers, technology gap, economic growth.


Tricyclic antidepressants (TADs) are widely used drugs for different indications such as depression, neuropathic pain, nocturnal enuresis, obsessive-compulsive, panic and attention deficit hyperactivity disorders. These agents are the most prescribed drugs following selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors for depression (1). Taken in high doses either on purpose or accidentally they can result in serious morbidity and mortality. Data of 2008 from Turkey's National Poison Consultation Center reveals that amitriptyline ranks 3rd, after paracetamol and combined upper respiratory tract infection treatment drugs, according to the classification made by reference active ingredient (2). Amitriptyline increases noradrenaline and serotonin levels by inhibiting their reuptake from the synaptic cleft (3). It also blocks adrenergic, histaminergic, central and peripheral cholinergic receptors. Toxicity symptoms are the results of the effects of amitriptyline in different systems. Dryness and metallic taste in the mouth, mydriasis, constipation, urinary retention, respiratory depression, and decreased cognitive functions and tachycardia occur due to the cholinergic receptor blockade. Weight gain, sedation and depression ABSTRACT Tricyclic antidepressants are widely used drugs for treatment of depression despite serious mortality and morbidity in higher doses. They can cause severe cardiac arrhythmias, hypotension and central nervous system depression. Some patients may remain unresponsive in spite of conventional therapies such as gastric lavage and activated charcoal administration, benzodiazepines, volume replacement, lidocaine and sodium bicarbonate infusion. In this paper we report a 20-year-old female patient who had severe amitriptyline intoxication with a Glasgow Coma Scale score 4 and severe cardiac arrhythmias and was treated with hemodiafiltration. Conventional therapy was inadequate and hemodiafiltration was applied to the patient for 36 hours. At the end of the 36-hours the patient was conscious and became stabilized in terms of hemodynamics. In case of serious intoxication that does not respond to conventional therapy, approaches like hemodialysis, plasmapheresis, hemoperfusion and hemodiafiltration can be a rescue therapy and they should be considered.


We evaluated the quality of conventional quantum True Random Number Generator (TRNG) using superconducting qubits from IBM. Our analysis indicated that the 1/0 ratio is severely affected by the noise. We proposed swapping of readout qubit and parameter optimization to fix readout and gate errors. We validate our proposals by running experiments of IBM's su-perconducitng qubit based quantum computer. Experiments show deviation of $\approx 35\%$ from ideal 1/0 ratio for baseline implementation. After the application of our proposed techniques the ratio improves and reaches close to ideal value of 1. The random bits generated through our techniques passes NIST statistical tests as well.


Constructs the differential manifold of stock return process based on information geometry,and gives its geometric structure such as the Fisher metric matrix and α-connection coefficients.The Gauss curvature and α-geodesic of the manifold are obtained in the sense of corresponding α-connection.Solution of the geodesic equation when α=0 is thereby given.Also the α-divergence,α-Kullback divergence and J-divergence of the manifold are given,whilst the relation between the α-divergence and α-Kullback divergence are shown and the divergences in some special cases are given too.


Hardfats have potential to accelerate the cocoa butter crystallization, and were used for production of solid lipid microparticles (SLM) by spray cooling in our previous study, aiming their application as seed crystals (SC) in chocolate. However, the SLM produced had unstable polymorphic habit α and not the stable form β, which is desirable. We proved by this study presented here that is possible to accelerate the polymorphic transition of the SLM of soybean hardfat (HS) through addition of canola oil, in less time than the most of studies and patents involving the production of SC. Free flowing powders with no agglomeration were obtained and scanning electron microscopy revealed the rounded shape. The mean diameters D[4,3] are shown between 100 and 200 μm, suitable range for use as SC. The results demonstrate the potential application of SLM in chocolate seeding process or in Palm oil for development of cocoa butter substitutes.


Type of funding sources: None.

 The mitral valve (MV) has an important contribution to left ventricular outflow tract obstruction (LVOTO) in patients with hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy (HOCM). Several parameters were described to be significantly different between obstructive and non-obstructive forms of HCM, like the aortomitral angle, anterior mitral leaflet (AML) and LVOT size, anterior displacement of the coaptation line, annular related parameters, etc. The redundant length of the AML beyond the coaptation point and the entire AML length are important in the decision to also approach the mitral valve when surgical septal reduction therapy (SRT) is considered, to increase the success rate. Data is scarce regarding mitral valve related predictors of interventional SRT response. This is important as certain patients have a suboptimal response regardless of the proper coronary anatomy and branch targeting.

 To evaluate the possible differences in certain mitral valve parameters in interventional SRT responders versus non-responders.

 We retrospectively included in the study a number of 21 consecutive HOCM patients treated with alcohol septal ablation (ASA). All the procedures were guided with contrast echocardiography besides fluoroscopy and all patients had a proper distribution of at least 1 septal branch. They were divided in two groups- responder group (15 patients) with a non-significant residual LVOT PG (<50mmHg/>50% reduction) and non-responder group (6 patients) with a significant residual LVOT PG (>50mmHg/<50% reduction) and/or early rebound. We accounted for the residual LVOT PG evaluated by continuous Doppler at least 6 months after SRT. The groups were compared regarding LV dimensions and ejection fraction and mitral valve annulus/ leaflet size and displacement of the coaptation line, evaluated by bidimensional transthoracic echocardiography, before the intervention.

 The most hypertrophied part of the LV was the basal interventricular septum (IVS). The two groups were similar regarding age, comorbidities, LV dimensions and ejection fraction and baseline LVOT PG. Also, there was no significant difference between AML length, posterior mitral leaflet (PML) length, AML/PML, MV annulus. The redundant length of the AML was significantly lower in responders whereas anterior displacement of the coaptation point (projection of AML/projection of PML on the MV annulus) was less intense in responders and almost reached statistical significance. (Table) Interestingly, we found a baseline AML/PML projection <1 in all non-responder patients and only in 2 responder patients (13.33%) (p<0.001).

 So far, significant anterior displacement of the coaptation point and the residual AML length may have an important impact on the response to ASA in HOCM patients. This pilot study could be an important start point for larger prospective studies to confirm and evaluated the prediction value of these parameters among others.


We present a translation of intuitionistic sequent proofs from a multi-succedent calculus LJ mc into a single-succedent calculus LJ. The former gives a basis for automated proof search whereas the latter is better suited for proof presentation and program construction from proofs in a system for constructive program synthesis. Well-known translations from the literature have a severe drawback; they use cuts in order to establish the transformation with the undesired consequence that the resulting program term is not intuitive. We establish a transformation based on permutation of inferences and discuss the relevant properties with respect to proof complexity and program terms. As an important result we show that LJ cannot polynomially simulate LJ mc (both without the cut rule), even in the prepositional fragment.


USB bus or fast ethernet can no more meet the distance or speed requirements for the high speed transmission with huge amount of data of a certain IR array detecting system.So the gigabit ethernet transmission system is designed and has been applied to the IR array detecting system successfully.After analyzing the implementation technology of gigabit ethernet deeply and considering the special need of the IR array detecting system,this design uses the simplified and optimized method to implement full-duplex MAC logically in the FPGA,and realizes the duplex,high speed and real-time transmission of the IR array detecter′s image and control command packages of PC.And it displays good performance in practical application.


A study was carried out to evaluate the seasonal diversity of macro moths across different forest sub-types occurring in theShiwalik landscape of northern India, mainly Uttarakhand and adjoining states of Himachal Pradesh, Uttar Pradesh, and Haryana. Fortythree field surveys of 59 days were carried out from July 2020 to October 2022 using stratified random sampling in each of the 19 selected study sites. Sampling surveys revealed 321 species of moths belonging to 19 families and 49 sub-families. These new range extensions from central Himalaya and northeastern India indicate the affinity of moths found in the northern Indian Shiwaliks with that of the Oriental region. Seasonal trend of species richness showed two annual peaks, with the first peak occurring in August followed by a smaller peak in October, while the seasonal abundance of moth species was maximum in July followed by a smaller peak in September. One-hundredand-forty species occurred only during the 'monsoon' season indicating their seasonality, univoltine habit and short flight periods in these tropical forests. Species richness of moths correlated positively with relative humidity (r2 = 0.100; p = 0.0142; n = 59). The most dominant family was Erebidae (95 species) followed by Geometriidae (61), Crambidae (72), and Noctuidae (28), respectively. Maximum number of moth species were sampled in forest sub-type (i) 3C/C2a Moist Shiwalik Sal Forest, followed by (ii) 5B/C2 Northern Dry Mixed Deciduous Forest, (iii) 3C/C2c Moist Tarai Sal Forest, iv) 5B/C1a Dry Shiwalik Sal Forest, respectively. The study also revealed changing moth communities along with the vegetation structure in the Shiwaliks from east (Nandhaur Willife Sanctaury in Uttarakhand bordering Nepal) to west (Simbalbara National Park in Himachal Pradesh,India) across the landscape. The moth communities of (i) 3C/C2a Moist Shiwalik Sal Forest & (ii) 3C/C2c Moist Tarai Sal Forest being different from that of (iii) 5B/C2 Northern Dry Mixed Deciduous Forest, and (iv) 5B/C1a Dry Shiwalik Sal Forest. Besides, six new range extensions into Shiwaliks of northern India from central Nepal and northeastern India, namely: Chlorozancla falcatus (Butler, 1889) (Geometridae); Cynaeda dichroalis (Hampson, 1903), Dichocrocis pyrrhalis (Walker, 1859) & Glyphodes canthusalis Walker, 1859 (Crambidae); and Acropteris iphiata (Guenée, 1857) (Uranidae) were recorded.


The new field of affective computing makes it possible to develop intelligent agents (graphical characters and robots) that are able to understand and respond to human emotions. As computers became more powerful during the 1990s, artificial intelligence (AI) researchers began to combine their technology with interactive graphics. They were able to produce intelligent characters that could interact with each other in virtual worlds and also with human users.1 The idea was taken up in robotics too, forming the field of human-robot interaction (HRI).2, 3 It soon became clear that giving intelligence to a graphical or robot body opened up new opportunities for communication using nonverbal expressive behaviour. Expressive behaviour refers to the facial expressions, gestures, and postures that allow humans to track each other's goals and motivations. In human-human interaction, non-verbal behaviour is often said to carry more information than words. But how can a graphical character use expressive behaviour correctly within a context? It has become clear that this depends on equipping the character with an intelligent affective model that allows it to assess events around it. The character can then generate an appropriate response, which it can express using its body. We focus on modelling empathy, which is the human ability to understand and share the emotions of others. Our overall aim is to equip our intelligent agents for applications in which empathic engagement by the user is essential. These applications may be specific educational domains that target attitudes and behaviour, or human social environments in general. We began developing our affective agent model within our first application domain, which produced graphical characters to support education against bullying for children aged 9 to 11. These characters represented virtual children in a 3D graphical school in which one child was being bullied by another in Figure 1. In the FearNot! program, graphical characters educated against bullying.


VAN DEN HOFF, J. 2017. Sightings of ringed Southern Giant Petrels Macronectes giganteus in East Antarctica: a tale of missed opportunity. Marine Ornithology 45: 191–194. Southern Giant Petrels Macronectes giganteus were leg-ringed as nestlings at two East Antarctic breeding locations, the Frazier Islands and Hawker Island, during the period 1959–1988. I searched these colonies in 2011, deducing ring numbers by using multiple digital photographs. The resightings suggest, but do not confirm, emigration between colonies separated by 1 500 km of coastline. The disparate nature of the ringing program within the Australian Antarctic Territory has led to a loss of important information that could now be used to model and predict how this long-lived species might respond to a number of population pressures, including environmental variability.


Being hampered by the small velocities on scales of 1 m/day, vertical motion has to be estimated by indirect methods. Klein and Rhein (2004) proposed a novel approach to infer equatorial upwelling velocities by exploiting the helium isotope disequilibrium between atmosphere and equatorial oceanic mixed layer. Using this approach, equatorial upwelling rates are calculated from helium measurements in the pelagic.


Suppose $n\geq 3$ and let $B$ be the open unit ball in $\mathbb{R}^n$. Let $\varphi: B\to B$ be a $C^2$ map whose Jacobian does not change sign, and let $\psi$ be a $C^2$ function on $B$. We characterize bounded weighted composition operators $W_{\varphi,\psi}$ acting on harmonic Hardy spaces $h^p(B)$. In addition, we compute the operator norm of $W_{\varphi,\psi}$ on $h^p(B)$ when $\varphi$ is a M\"obius transformation of $B$.


Cyanide
 group is a robust electron-mediate ligand, widely used in functional coordination polymers. Synthesis of cyanide-containing functional coordination polymersvia solvothermal in situ reaction is a new efficient approach. In this paper, four novel ternary coordination polymers, namely [Ag3(trz)2(CN)]n (1), [Ag3(detrz)2(CN)]n (2), [Ag4(dptrz)2(CN)2]n (3), [Ag3(dptrz)2(CN)]n (4) (Htrz = 1H-1,2,4-triazole, Hdetrz = 3,5-diethyl-1H-1,2,4-triazole, Hdptrz = 3,5-dipropyl-1H-1,2,4-triazole), were solvothermally synthesized and characterized. The cyanide groups are all in situ generated from C–C cleavage reaction of acetonitrile. The cyanide group acts as terminal group in 1, while as linker in 2, 3, 4. Phosphorescent properties of these in situ products are studied and compared with binary silver-triazole coordination polymers. The results show that phosphorescent emissions of 2, 3, and 4 are red-shifted compared to that of 1.


The synthesis of [5-125I]iodoacetamidoethyl aminonaphthalene-1-sulfonic acid ([125]IAEDANS) was accomplished beginning from sodium [125I]iodide. The product was entrapped within positively charged liposomes after ideal preparatory conditions were determined. The stability of the preparation after exposure to elevated temperatures and light was measured as well as the release rate of [125I]IAEDANS from the liposomes. Liposome-entrapped [125I]IAEDANS is a potential radiopharmaceutical for imaging of infarcted myocardial tissue.


Preface. Acknowledgements. Timeline. Part 1: Introduction 1. The General Approach Adopted 2. Russia and Its Economists 3. Issues in the History of Russian Economic Thought 4. Conclusion Part 2: Prelude 1. Western Economic Theory in Russia 2. Indigenous Economic Thought 3. Russian Economy for Western Readers 4. Conclusion Part 3: The Russian Economic Mind under Tsarism, 1870-1890 1. Classical Economics in Russia 2. Historical Political Economy in Russia 3. Marxist Economics in Russia 4. Narodnik Economics in Russia 5. Ministers of Finance 6. Conclusion Part 4: Socialism and Development in Late Tsarism, 1890-1913 1. Legal Marxism 2. National Development 3. Non-Marxian Socialism 4. Conclusion Part 5: Economic Theory in Late Tsarism, 1890-1913 1. Mathematical Economics 2. Statistical Theory 3. Public Finance 4. The Theory of Markets 5. Conclusion Part 6: Interregnum 1. Russian War Finance 2. Economic Theory in Wartime 3. The Economics of Imperialism 4. Conclusion Part 7: The Russian Economic Mind under Bolshevism, 1917-1929 1. The Consequences of Bolshevik Control 2. From War Communism to NEP 3. Agricultural Economics in NEP 4. The Economics of Planning 5. Business Cycle Analysis 6. Institutional Economists on Socialism 7. Conclusion Part 8: The Russian Economic Mind under Stalinism, 1929-1940 1. Intellectual Exile 2. Officially Sanctioned Economic Discourse 3. Emigre Economists 4. Western Economists on the Soviet System 5. Conclusion Part 9: Conclusion 1. The Tragedy of Russian Economics 2. The Currents and Themes of Russian Economics Part 10: Epilogue 1. Soviet Economics After Stalin 2. The Restoration of Market Forms of Control. Appendix. Notes. Bibliography. Name Index. Subject Index


The flight dynamics modeling for helicopter is playing an important role in helicopter design and flight performance analysis. This paper presents aerodynamic models for helicopter components, and the process of constructing aerodynamic model for main rotor is described in detail. When establishing the aerodynamic model for main rotor, a methodology of discretizatin scheme of rotor disk is introduced. Combined all aerodynamic models of helicopter components, taking the gravity and attitude angles into account, the dynamic equilibrium equations of helicopter is firstly derived. Then a comparison in trim calculation was conducted among the SIKOROSKY GEN HEL, the AEFA test and the data from the model established in this paper. The results tending to be consistent validate the accuracy of the model exhibited in this paper. At last, by observing the variation of flight attitudes of helicopter so as to find possible problems in flight process, the visual simulation of helicopter flight process is realized.


An apparatus for axially urging a bearing assembly (10) and mount and remove it from its position on the pin (18) of a cylinder of a rolling mill, said roll neck one end projecting axially from the bearing assembly when the bearing assembly is in said seated position, said apparatus comprising: a piston (74) surrounded by a cylinder (66), said piston being configured to internally dividing said cylinder into first and second chambers (76a, 76b) axially separated; holding means (43, 86, 88) for detachably fixing said piston (74) on the end of said roll neck; hydraulic means for alternately pressurizing said first and second chambers (76a, 76b) for reciprocating said cylinder (66) with respect to the piston (74) and subject, in opposite first and second directions; first means (68) for exerting a force in response to movement of dichocilindro (66) in said first direction for engaging and axially urging said bearing assembly (10) and placed in said seated position; and second means (78) for exerting a force in response to movement of said cylinder (66) in said second direction for engaging and axially urging said bearing assembly (10) and out of said seated position.


(54) IN-SITU METHOD OF FORMING ZINC 4,478,731. A * 10/1984 Gaucher ..................... 508/539 STEARATE DISPERSION AND USE 5,939,079 A 8/1999 Le Royer et al. THEREOF IN TONERS 5.998.523 A 12/1999 Grunbauer et al. 6,162,836 A 12/2000 Kato (75) Inventors: Allan K. Chen, Oakville (CA); Tie 6,340,549 B1 1/2002 Maehata et al. Hwee Ng, Mississauga (CA); Lu Jiang, * cited b Oakville (CA); Kimberly D. Nosella, cited by examiner Mississauga (CA); Paul J. Gerroir, Oakville (CA); Michael Damato, Primary Examiner Mark A. Chapman Thornhill (CA) (74) Attorney, Agent, or Firm-Oliff & Berridge, PLC; Eugene O. Palazzo (73) Assignee: Xerox Corporation, Stamford, CT (US) (57) ABSTRACT


from Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs (1937). Walt Disney was notorious for his tightly held control over his media products, but once they were launched into the world, they became fair game for unruly audiences. Kelley cites numerous examples in which audiences invert the film's overt attempts to convey innocence, positioning Snow White as uncharacteristically sexualized or the object of sexual fantasy, and the Seven Dwarfs as perverted and secretly driven by sexual passions and curiosity. The book explores other examples of folk interventions into received communications. In a chapter about Rose Hall, a presumably haunted mansion in Jamaica that is purported to be the locus of spectacular acts of cruelty, Kelley notes that research discrediting the lurid versions of the mansion's history have not diminished interest in it as a place where the living can encounter departed spirits. Tour guides lead groups of visitors through the imposing structure and "enumerate gruesome details of the debauchery and death that supposedly occurred there" (p. 82)—events that clearly never happened. Audiences interact with the narratives during the tour, or subsequently in performances of their own, sharing personal experience stories, drawing on similarly eerie encounters elsewhere, relating the events that befell them during the tour or after previous visits, and using the tour guides' tales as jumping-off points for narratives that augment the scripted stories. Kelley notes that in these instances of audience interventions, tourists act as producers as well as consumers of culture; they engage in a form of post-tourism, seeking out the performance for the performance's sake and playfully interacting with the scene and its narratives, never losing sight of their role as tourists. In other chapters, Kelley draws on the quip "that's what she said," uttered with the intent of converting and perverting innocent lines into something risqué, children's distortions of commercial jingles and tag lines into gleefully disgusting revelations of poison and danger ("McDonald's is your kind of place / They serve you rattlesnakes / French fries up your nose / Pickles between your toes"), and more (p. 158). The book turns an insightful lens on the ways people resist, deflate, subvert, and otherwise convert popular messages. It offers a useful framework for understanding the role of audience agency, particularly in an era of near-constant media bombardment. And its case studies demonstrate the impressively widespread circumstances in which this agency is used to disrupt or dismiss. Written in an accessible style as comfortable with compelling narratives as it is with scholarly research, Unruly Audience would be useful in a wide range of folklore courses, and its central argument offers an important extension of reader-response and reception studies, emphasizing the power of agency to at least partially resist the hegemonic efforts of mediated messages.


Computer vision is recognized as a core technology for observing humans and their activities. Vision, or in general perceptual systems, needs to derive multilevel semantic information about human presence, movement, body, body parts, identity, gestures, affective states, behaviors and intentions. In this presentation we will highlight the role of using multiple perspective vision systems for capture and analysis of a wide range of human movement, body, gesture and activities. Multiple perspectives allow for range and volume data to be captured and offer advantages of redundancy and occlusion mitigation. Some of the noteworthy concepts involve real-time capture of volumetric information, 3D tracking of persons, modeling and tracking of articulated body parts at multiple levels of resolution, and gesture and activity analysis. Progress, utility and promise of such systems will be illustrated with a range of experimental studies conducted in the context of intelligent rooms, public spaces, and intelligent vehicles related projects. The presentation will also attempt to highlight important, outstanding issues which need consideration.


This study investigated the impact of oil price shocks on the real exchange rate covering the most recent oil shock from 2000 to 2010 in 12 oil‐exporting countries, namely Algeria, Bahrain, Egypt, Indonesia, Kuwait, Nigeria, Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Sudan, United Arab Emirates and Venezuela. In this study, the panel model was implemented using six variables, namely the real exchange rate as the dependent variable, and oil price, government consumption expenditure, current account, inflation rate and gross domestic product based on the purchasing power parity as independent variables. The results we have arrived at show that the increases in oil prices have caused a real exchange rate appreciation in these countries.


The collective literature on dechlorination performance in the presence of sulfate can be interpreted to suggest that dechlorination at sites with elevated sulfate concentrations may be incomplete. Previous work comparing laboratory and field data concluded that the presence of sulfate in sites contaminated with trichloroethylene (TCE) might delay dechlorination but not preclude its completion. To further reconcile these conflicting reports, this work studied quantitatively the effect of sulfate on TCE biotransformation with the aid of a series of laboratory batch experiments, some up to one year-long. Specifically, the aim of the study was three-fold: to confirm whether indeed complete dechlorination is possible under sulfate-reducing conditions, to quantify the delay of dechlorination with suitable metrics, and to investigate whether this delay can be reduced by increasing the quantity of the supplied electron donor. In experiments with initial sulfate concentrations of 1.56 mM (150 mg/L) and 4.16 mM (400 mg/L) and donor supply of 3 mM butyric acid, 0.5 mM (65.7 mg/L) TCE were completely dechlorinated to ethene in about 170 and 300 days, respectively, compared to less than a week, in the absence of sulfate. Accordingly, the rate of vinyl chloride reduction, assuming first-order decay, decreased from 3.13 day-1, in the absence of sulfate, to 0.03 day-1 and 0.01 day-1. The results also showed that under electron-donor limiting conditions, increasing electron donor supply improved dechlorination performance. But, addition of electron donor in excess was unable to speed up dechlorination completion.


It is an important trend of international meterological sounding that using GPS technology carry out meterological sounding.In China,the upper-air sounding system is relatively backward.It is imperative to develop the technology of GPS in our sounding system and make the sounding development of our country and the international simultaneously.Through the research of GPS meteorological sounding way,the working principle and the process flow of GPS sonde are expounded.System structure diagram of GPS sonde is presented.The research shows that using GPS technology to achieve meteorological sounding can improve the accuracy of meterological sounding.


Power converters are electronic systems associated with the conversion of electrical power from one form to another. Designing a control system to achieve higher robustness extends the converter useful life, while higher efficiency results in a reduction of environmental impacts because of a reduction of the wasted power and decreasing the cost of energy dissipated in the system. In this book, the development of novel control schemes for single and three phase boost converters is investigated. Study is conducted on development of controllers based on the nonlinear dynamic characteristics of the converters and characteristics such as non-minimum phase behavior in boost converters that give rise to control challenges. The control strategies are further applied to certain areas in sustainable energy systems including maximum power point tracking of photovoltaic panels, load current control of power converters, and energy regenerative suspension in vehicular systems. The analysis should help understanding application-oriented control of power electronic systems, and should be especially useful to researchers in the fields of power electronics and renewable energy control systems.


By means of the quantitative agglutination technic, antibodies against the type-specific antigens in antisera prepared with Shigella flexneri Types 1a, 1b, and 3 have been determined. It has been demonstrated that, with the exception of group-specific 6 antibody present in Sh. flexneri Types 1b and 3 antisera, the minor group antibodies represent only a very small fraction of the total antibody present in the serum.


An object is to provide a cell phone capable of achieving improvement in efficiency of communication and improvement in user's operability on the occasion of providing location information. A cell phone 10 has a data transmitter 101 for transmitting user data to a content delivery server 30, using a user channel, a location request part 102 for transmitting request information to request calculation of location information about the cell phone 10, to a GPS server 40 in accordance with the transmission of the user data, using a control channel, a location acquiring part 103 for acquiring the location information calculated based on the request information by the GPS server 40, using the control channel, and a location transmitter 105 for transmitting the location information to the content delivery server 30, using the control channel.


The demands on current packing systems for the transport of paintings on textile supports are manifold. These must protect against various types of external impacts such as climate and mechanical stress, as well as transport-induced shock and vibration. A selection of packing systems and materials was tested in field and lab sequences with respect to their damping effects within the context of a research project on the transport of fragile paintings. The systematic quantification of various materials and combinations thereof delivered a direct comparison of the systems and uncovered an unexpected need for action with respect to the damping capacity of vibration immissions. Field tests of commonly used packing systems revealed resonance behaviour leading to the amplification of vibrations on test paintings. The results of field and laboratory experiments clearly show that vibration damping with the usual damping materials is difficult to achieve. Low controllability of the performance in the workflow aggravates the situation. This may change the predicted vibration behaviour. The movement of the sidewall of the truck may
induce increased vibration.


ABSTRACT A resistance equation relating average velocity in terms of bed shear velocity, shear velocity Reynolds number, particle size and kinematic viscosity is developed for plane sediment bed channels with little or no transport condition. In addition to that, an equation governing the Shields' curve is also presented. These two equations are developed by using laboratory experimental data on non-cohesive uniform material under fairly uniform flow conditions. Various researchers' experimental data is also used to cover a wide range of shear Reynolds number while developing those equations. The bed material size varies from very fine sands of 0.015 mm to gravel of 12 mm. By using such equations, a rational procedure to design plane sediment bed channels at incipient condition is developed. In this procedure any two of the four design variables viz., water discharge, flow depth, energy slope of channel and bed material size; are sufficient to evaluate the remaining two variables in such a way that the bed particles are stable against erosion such that they are at incipient/critical condition. With the help of such relations, the use of Manning's equation, thus the ambiguity of estimating Manning's roughness coefficient, is avoided while computing the average velocity in the channel. However, a generalized equation to predict the Manning's roughness coefficient is also presented. The validity of the proposed method is established by the experimental data from various other sources also.


This paper establishes a mathematical method for calculating the polymerization process of industrial vinyl chloride suspension polymerization reactors. The polymerization rate, weight average molecular weight (WAMW), number average molecular weight (NAMW), monomer conversion rate and pressure are displayed throughout the reaction. Applying this model to existing experiment in the literature, the results are close. The final simulation results will be used to guide the industrial production of polyvinyl chloride (PVC).


"DNEUMONIA caused by Pneumocystis carinii -¦is a distinct form of pulmonary disease the incidence of which in North America appears to have inereased during the past several years. For more than 15 years the P. carinii organism has been recognized in Europe as the etiologic agent responsible for "interstitial plasma-cell pneumonia" of premature or debilitated infants. It is now realized that this organism is the cause of both significant and subclinical pulmonary disease in a small proportion of children and adults who have severe abnormality of the im¬


Objective To observe the effect of Natural Borneol Cleaning Solution on treatment of burned skin in SD rats,and to explore the mechanism.Methods Three wound sites were chosen on the back of each male rat.After hair removing and anesthesia,a 100 grams iron bar which had been kept in boiling water heating for 10 mins was put on the chosen site for 6 seconds to make two degree burn wounds,diameter of the wound is 1 centimeter.The wound sites were set as blank control point,positive drug BaiKeRui treatment and Natural Borneol Cleaning Solution treatment.Observe the morphological and histological change of three scalded sites in rats and preliminary study of mechanism was conducted.Results Compared with the blank control point the positive drug BaiKeRui spray disinfectant treatment lead to earlier scab formation,smaller wound area and earlier scab detachment.Histological observation showed that tissue injury area in positive drug sites is smaller and regeneration is better than those in blank control point; Moreover,the wound area reduction,scab formation and detachment time of the sites undergoing Natural Borneol Cleaning Solution treatment are earlier than those sites undergoing positive drug treatment.Pathological observation showed milder injury and better regeneration of skin tissue in sites of Natural Borneol Cleaning Solution treatment comparing with those in sites of positive drug treatment.Conclusion The Natural Borneol Cleaning Solution could improve the healing and repair of skin scald.


Selection ofentrants to medical school is one ofthe most troubled areas in the whole of medical education. The literature on the subject is enormous, with copious methodological contribution tiom the sciences of psychology and sociology. Experience in the 1500 medical schools of the world is massive in extent and largely undocumented. Controversies have riven the field. The conflict was already fierce in Ancient Greece. The Cnidians believed that almost anybody could become a doctor, training predominating over inherent attributes of entrants. In contrast, Hippocrates at Kos was adamant that doctors are born: it followed that selection was crucial.


Array detector allows a resolution gain for confocal microscopy by combining several images acquired by 32 sub-detectors. A single high resolution image is generally obtained by spatially re-assigning the signal from the 32 sub-detectors and applying a deconvolution procedure. Alternative methods have been proposed to produce high resolution images by linearly combining the signals of sub-detectors. We propose here a novel method that deconvolves directly the stack constituted of 32 spatially re-assigned detectors signals. We demonstrate on both calibration slides and real data that the proposed method allows to produce more homogeneous, well-contrasted, high-resolution images than those obtained with previous methods. All the tested methods have been implemented in an open source software which can be be downloaded for free.


Objective: To analyze the operating room causes for postoperative infection of orthopedic patients and to explore the perioperative care and prevention for it.Methods: 400 cases of orthopedic surgery patients were randomly divided into control and treatment groups.Each group had 200 cases.The treatment group received comfort care,and the control group were treated with conventional care.Results: The usage of sleeping pills and analgesic in treatment group was better than the control group.The treatment group also showed significantly greater satisfaction than control group.Conclusion: Further enhancing operating room management and strengthening the sterile concept was of great significance in improving the holistic nursing quality in operating room.


Nearshore marine sediments deposited along island arcs can preserve evidence of past disaster events, such as tsunamis. Evidence of a tsunami that occurred off the Pacific coast of Tohoku, Japan, on March 11, 2011, was likely preserved in marine sediments. Using geochemical and rock magnetic analyses, this study aimed to investigate tsunami records preserved in marine sediments in Sendai Bay, located west of the epicenter of the 2011 Tohoku earthquake. We collected sediment samples at five stations (S‐1, S‐2, S‐3, S‐4, and S‐5) in Sendai Bay from 2002 to 2014. We compared the samples collected before and after the tsunami. We established that the silt component increased, while that of fine sand decreased at stations S‐3, S‐4, and S‐5 in the 2011 sediment sample. Notably, the concentrations of terrestrial and industrial metallic elements (Cu, Zn, and Pb) and total nitrogen, carbon, and sulfur amounts increased, while the magnetic susceptibility and isothermal remanent magnetization values decreased after the tsunami. We also found that Ti‐poor magnetite increased in the 2011 samples, indicating tsunami‐mediated changes. The study area experienced a large typhoon 6 months after the tsunami, leading to flooding. The elevation in the total organic carbon and total nitrogen ratio in the 2012 sample suggested that terrestrial organic matter was supplied by the flood.


This paper examines the relationship between external governance exerted by the national supervision and bank earnings quality, specifically earnings persistence and cash flow predictability. To test the predictions, multivariate regressions are carried out on a panel dataset of 4,443 bank-year observations from the European Union across the 2005-2014 timeframe. Results show that higher supervisory power, independence and greater stringency of capital regulation are associated to higher persistence of reported earnings. Additionally, banks under strict supervisory regimes, independent authorities and stricter capital regulation exhibit earnings that are better predictors of future cash flows. This paper has policy implications for the ongoing European debate concerning advantages and disadvantages of the new Single Supervisory Mechanisms, with specific reference to the influence of the national authorities' characteristics on bank transparency. The findings suggest indeed to adequately consider the effects of national supervisory styles on accounting quality.


Abstract : Research results obtained from this project address the kernel selection problem in machine learning. Specifically, motivated from the need of updating the current operator-valued reproducing kernel in multi-task learning when underfitting or overfitting occurs, we studied the construction of a refinement kernel for a given operator-valued reproducing kernel such that the vector-valued reproducing kernel Hilbert space of the refinement kernel contains that of the given kernel as a subspace. We also developed a complete characterization of multi-task finite rank kernels in terms of the positivity of what we call its associated characteristic operator


The genomic revolution has radically changed many aspects of molecular oncology. The cloning of the human genome along with the characterization of genes, which are involved in the development of epithelial cancers, has provided a better understanding of the molecular origins of these cancers. Many of the genetic events, which give rise to these tumors, have been identified and their contribution to the clinical behavior of the tumors have been established. This has lead to the characterization of biomarkers, which are important for many clinical and biologic aspects of these tumors. Markers, which are prognostic and predictive for disease progression and recurrence, have been established. Further, biomarkers associated with response to chemotherapy, early detection and drug resistance have been much easier to identify and characterize. The impact of this revolution is nowhere more evident than in epithelial ovarian cancer. This issue of Disease Markers contains a series of articles by experts in the ovarian cancer field, who present new developments in the identification and understanding of biomarkers for this tumor. Articles include ones on new hypotheses on the molecular development of ovarian cancer, SP markers of risk, biomarkers that are specific for the different histiologic subtypes, and new biomarkers and approaches for the early detection of ovarian cancer. Further, new molecular technologies have allowed for the analysis and characterization of specific cellular components of ovarian tumors identifying biomarkers of tumor associated immune and endothelial cells. Many of these biomarkers may serve not only as markers of clinical and biology interest but also as potential therapeutic and imaging targets which could significantly improve the survival of patients with this disease.


Background. In contemporary reality, digital technologies not only serve as a tool for the implementation of social practices, including commemorative practices, but also fill social gaps, offering alternative ways of interaction with the past in the digital space. In this context, computer games offer a valuable research space for interactions with the past, as they allow us to see the diversity and fluidity of the contemporary commemorative culture and practices.
Purpose. This article is a review of the book Life and Death in the Virtual World. Digital Kinship, Nostalgia and Grief in Second Life" by Margaret Gibson and Clarissa Carden. The author critically examines the ethnographic research presented in the book, focusing on the specifics of memorial culture and commemorative practices in the space of Second Life computer game.
Methods. The author relies on the philosophical-cultural approach, which includes methods of selection, generalization and typology, as well as the methodology of memory studies.
Results. Three interesting observations of the authors of the reviewed book on digital memorial culture are highlighted: (1) autonomy of virtual norms in the process of experience of «powerless grief»; (2) possibility of realization of nostalgic experiences through virtual «time travel»; (3) formation of specific memorial culture in the space of «virtual third places», which is an alternative to the legitimized memorial culture. The author of the review typologizes the digital commemorative practices described in the book in terms of memory objects. It distinguishes commemorations associated with virtual history (implementing the nostalgia for the past of the game itself); imagined history (allowing to «play» history in the space of simulations) and reallife history.
Scope of results. The results can be applied in the study of socio-cultural transformations of commemorative practices in the digital environment, as well as in the formation of research approaches to understanding the specific socio-constructivist potential of computer games.


The key problem of the paper is the relationship between the Soviet and post-soviet stages in the development of Russia in XX century. Modern post-soviet Russia keeps to follow, to the more or less degree, the archetypes of the Soviet civilization: mythologism, individual freedom restrictions, total control over social life, servility of some of the intelligentsia, utopianism of social programs and isolation of the ruling elite (both political and business) from the society.


An Uncanny Era: Conversations Between Vaclav Havel and Adam Michnik opens with an account of the famous meeting of dissidents from Poland and Czechoslovakia that took place on Mount Snie¿ka at the restricted border between the two countries in the summer of 1978. The clandestine gathering initiated sustained collaboration between the two countries' principal dissident groups—Poland's Workers' Defense Committee (KOR), which had been established in response to the crackdown on labor protests in June 1976, and Charter 77, which was launched the following January in Czechoslovakia to oppose the suffocating "normalization" imposed by the communist regime in the aftermath of the 1968 Soviet invasion. The meeting also brought Michnik and Havel together for the first time. It was a partnership that energized the dissident movement in both countries from the very beginning. Michnik and Havel differed from each other in significant ways. Michnik, the son of Jewish communists, was an underground editor and activist and a leader of the student uprising during the Polish political crisis of 1968. Havel, a decade older, was the son of a wealthy entrepreneurial family and a recognized playwright. He had already achieved stature as a dissident intellectual by writing powerfully argued letters and essays directly challenging Czechoslovakia's commu-


In the inside zone of southwestern Japan, there are found scatterings of the Miocene strata that are assumptively representing the First Paleo-Setouchi supergroup (IKEBE, 1951) i.e Mizunami, I sshi, Ayukawa. Tsuzuki and Tsuyama groups etc. Yielding rich faunas and floras, these strata are interesting subjects for the members of the PaleoSetouchi research group. The Mizunami group. the type of the supergroup, was developed in three mutually connected basins. Kani, Mizunarni and Iwaroura in Gifu Prefecture. The present writer is studying the stratigraphy and paleontology of this group and he has partly reported the results. This paper is the third result and prepared in view of taxonomic and paleoecological accounts of the Lucinid pelecypods from the Mizunami group. These are the interesting forms inasmuch as they are the indicators of various environments. The following-species are collected from the Mizunami group in the Iwamura and Mizunami basins. Wallucina habei LTOIGAWA Wallacina okumurai'n. sp Pillucina (Sydlorina) yokoyamai (OUTKA)S axolucina (Megaxinus) k-hataii (OTUKA) Lucinoma acutilinzata (CONRAD) Cavilucina (Monitilora) kitamurai (HATAI e MISIYAMA)


In the recommendation algorithm based on the knowledge graph, the introduction of graph neural network effectively mines the rich auxiliary information in knowledge graph. While exploring the structure of graph neural network, more studies have begun to strengthen the mining of user historical interactive information. However, these methods ignore the similarity of user characteristics, so the learned embedding representation fails to fully reflect user preferences. In this article, we propose a new model FSKGCN. By modeling the similarities between user characteristics, we design an architecture that integrates and knowledge propagation and user similar characteristics. Specifically, FSKGCN develops a user feature similarity modeling layer, which calculates the similarity between user features by introducing a multi-head attention mechanism, and further encodes the user's high-order features according to the similarity score. Compared with other KG-based methods, FSKGCN provides a new architecture that combines knowledge information with user similar characteristics. We conducted CTR experiments on two real-world datasets, and the results show that FSKGCN is significantly better than the latest benchmark method.


Mesoporous γ-Al2O3 nanorods can be successfully synthesised using calcination of as-synthesised boehmite at 500 °C. The use of NaOH and KOH as pH adjusting agents in hydrothermal route on the synthesised samples are investigated in detail. X-ray powder diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, N2 adsorption/desorption, field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) are used to characterise the products. The TEM and FESEM micrographs show that the products were nanorod. According to our experimental results, the as-prepared γ-AlOOH and γ-Al2O3 possesses ordered mesoporosity and narrow pore-size distribution. The γ-Al2O3 prepared using KOH as pH adjusting regent show higher surface area compared with other samples prepared by NaOH.


This experiment was laid out in order to study on effect of organic fertilizer and P fertilizer on yield and yield components of common wheat (triticumaestivum L.) cv. Chemranin Islamic Azad University, Khorramabad branch, Iran in 2015. The experiment was laid out in a split-plot design based on randomized block design with three replications. Treatments were organic fertilizer (0, 10, 20 ton/ha manure and 10, 20 ton/ha compost) in main plots and phosphate fertilizer (0, 50, 75 and 100 percent based on proposed soil analyzing) in sub plot. Analysis of variance results showed that effect of organic and chemical fertilizers and interaction effect of them were significant on someyield components of common wheat. Based on the results, combined application of organic manure or vermicompot with chemical fertilizer has a better effect on yield and yield components of common wheat rather than single application of them and control treatments. Higher grain yield was obtained in 20ton/ha organic matter and 75% phosphate fertilizer recommendation treatment with the average of 5472 kg/ha as compared with control treatment (without consuming organic matter and phosphate about 3 ton/ha). Therefore, we can conclude that combined application of organic and chemical fertilizers had more efficiency because of some positive interaction between their microorganisms in soil that result to synergistic effect and laid to increase in yield components and in final grain yield. In final our results indicated that higher grain yield observed in combined application 20ton/ha organic matter and 75% chemical P fertilizer and application of combined fertilizer is better for farmer in wheat field of Khorramabad region for high yield and economic benefits in common wheat.


In order to identify a user's personal preference in navigating the Web or to recommend collected Web information, it is very useful to analyze the user's Web-browsing behavior. However, it is difficult to determine which Web-browsing behaviors are influential on predicting a user's interest because each individual has his/her own habit and personal manner in surfing the Web and locating documents of interest. In this study, we propose an adaptive personalized recommender system based on a preference-thesaurus constructed by learning a user's Web-browsing behavior. The major components of the proposed recommender system are the Web-browsing behavior monitor, preference-thesaurus constructor, relevant document recommender, and user feedback learner. The adaptive nature of the proposed system allows the personalization of recommendation and the identification of the ever-changing influential Web-browsing behaviors. A proof-of-concept system is implemented and experiments are performed to verify the system's capability to personalize recommendation and to learn through user's feedbacks.


▴ Carel R, Olsson AC, Zaridze D, et al . Occupational exposure to asbestos and man-made vitreous fibre and risk of lung cancer: a multicentre case-control study in Europe. Occup Environ Med2007;64:502–08.

[OpenUrl][1][Abstract/FREE Full Text][2]

Asbestos is an environmental carcinogen and exposure has been linked with the development of lung cancer. The use of asbestos has been partially replaced by man-made vitreous fibres (MMVF). The aim of this case–control study was to quantify the contribution of asbestos and MMVF to the burden …

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ABSTRACT Since its emergence during the 1970s, scientific research on exercise addiction has been interested primarily in the mental and physical causes and consequences of the behaviour of exercise addicts. This focus can be ascribed to the dominance of psychology and medicine among this field of research. This paper wishes to contribute to these thematic priorities and basic approaches by taking a phenomenological perspective as a basis, thus making the embodied and the personal dimension of exercise addiction the centre of attention. This approach aims towards two goals: First, it shall be pointed out that philosophy, especially phenomenology, can make a profound contribution to research concerning exercise addiction. Second, a phenomenological approach, which has so far remained mostly unknown to international sport philosophy, will be introduced, namely the New Phenomenology founded by German philosopher Hermann Schmitz. For this purpose, the objective of New Phenomenology will be explained as well as its two pivotal terms 'felt body' and 'person'. Based on this, the main features of a neophenomenological analysis of exercise addiction that puts a focus on embodied experience and one's personal situation will be outlined. Lastly, the analytical potential of New Phenomenology will be elucidated by means of an empirical case analysis.


Abstract It is sixty years since William Robson's The Government and Misgovernment of London was published. This paper re-examines Robson's argument, noting how the structure of the book needs to be interpreted as setting out a programme for reforming the government of the Greater London metropolitan area. For Robson, failure to establish a unified Greater London administration was a fundamental weakness in the government of the city. His distinctive contribution was to address the problem of metropolitan growth as an administrative expert with an acute sense of the problems of inter-governmental relations. Whilst acknowledging administrative fragmentation, Robson nevertheless failed to appreciate the significance of political forces that underlay this state of affairs. His recommendations were purely administrative and lacked any sense of the way politics might impede or motivate such machinery. Reactions to the book were as polarised as the text itself was polarising. The outbreak of the Second World Wa...


Development ofenhancement modePHEMT (E-PHEMT), single supply, 13to17GHzpoweramplifier MMIC isdescribed. Theamplifier wasdesigned with highlyintegrated lumped-passive based design techniques utilizing a 0.25gmGaAs E-PHEMT production process. The designed poweramplifier exhibit 30dB ofsmallsignal gain, 3ldBmldBgain compression output powerwith31% PAE at16GHz. ThisMMIC wasfabricated inAvago's advanced E- PHEMT process andhavebeendemonstrated infully production capability. Index termsMMIC poweramplifiers, MMICs, Microwave FETamplifiers


Malignant lymphoma (ML) and leukemia infrequently involve soft tissue and, to the authors' knowledge few reports exist regarding the role of fine‐needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB) in their diagnosis. In the current study, the authors report their experience with FNAB in patients with soft tissue ML and leukemia.


A new multi-residue determination method for 29 organophosphorus pesticide residues was developed for the analysis of tobacco matrix. The extraction of the analytes from the matrix is performed using the accelerated solvent extraction technique, and the resulting extract is concentrated using a vortex evaporator. Then the solid-phase extraction procedure is applied to the concentrated extract. Finally, the samples are analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Qualitative analysis of the compound is performed by retention time, and quantitative analysis by using mirex as an internal standard. A blank tobacco sample was spiked for each pesticide, and the average recoveries ranged from 61.4% to 128%, with the relative standard deviations (RSD) below 12%. This method is fast, effective and automated. Cigarettes from flue-cured tobacco spiked with different amounts of organophosphorus pesticides were used, and the transfer efficiencies into mainstream smoke and butt were determined. For all the organophosphorus pesticide residues, ≤6.3% were transferred from tobacco into main-stream smoke, and 0.3%~15.0% were transferred into butt.


Abstract This paper shows that a general circulation model at the National Center for Atmospheric Research is capable of simulating many aspects of the Asian-African winter monsoon. We concentrate on a climatological descriptive comparison of wind patterns, particularly the reversed flow of the low-level Somalian jet near the east coast of Africa, sea-level pressure, and cloudiness and precipitation over the monsoon region.


Carbon-13 and proton nuclear magnetic resonance (n.m.r.) spectra of ten chlorinated hydrocarbons, which are components of technical chlordane and one chlordane metabolite, were examined. For chlordene, dichlorochlordene, cis- and trans-nonachlor, and cis- and trans-chlordane, whose chemical structures are well-established, the relationships between the n.m.r. parameters and these structures were investigated. The results allow confirmation of proposed structures for α-, β-, and γ-chlordene. A structure, corresponding to 2,4,5,5,6,7,8,8-octachloro-2,3,3a,4,5,7a-hexahydro-1,4-methano-1-H-indene, is proposed for another chlordane component, previously known only as Compound K.


A new technique for measuring gyro rotor's surface is presented. The single optic-fiber sensor with modulated light-intensity is used as measuring components. Its sensitivity, precision and repeatability are 2.5 mV /μm , 1% and 0.5% respectively, which is verified by experiments. A system for measuring gyro rotor's surface is designed with 0.005 μm precision, and its constitution and working process is introduced in experiments based on a solid gyro's rotor. Two methods for protracting the rotor's surface are given, i.e. Mercator chart and 3-D. The 3-D chart of rotor's surface is also given. Finally the adverse influence of rotor's anomalous surface on the gyro's performance is analyzed. The result is useful for forecasting the performance of gyro drift.


Objective To investigate the correlations of anxiety and depressive state and Type A charac-ter in the patients with cerebrovascular disease Methods 189 cerebrovascular disease patients were randomly se-lected~ Questionnaire survey was conducted by serf- rating anxiety scale (SAS), self- rating depression scale (SDS) and questionnaire of Type A character. Results There was significantly different between patients and norm in the scores of anxiety and depression (P<0.01) . Anxiety and depressive state had a significant correla-tion with Type A character (P<0.01) . Conclusions Negative emotion, such as anxiety and depression obvi-oualy exists in the patients with cerebrevascular disease and has a significant correlation with Type A character. We should evaluate behavior way and anxiety, depressive state in the clinical nursing. Effective psychological support-ing therapy and behavior intervention can reduce anxiety and depression, and promote the recovery of patients.

Key words:
Cerebrevascular disease; Type A character; Anxiety; Depression; Nursing


Phaeohyphomycosis is caused by a rare dematiaceous, pigmented, mycelia forming fungi. It is an opportunistic fungal infection in immunocompromised hosts. It can present with varied clinical manifestations, as subcutaneous infection to widespread fulminant disseminated disease. Here we present three cases of subcutaneous phaeohyphomycosis in immunocompetent hosts at unusual site – popliteal fossa, great toe and sole of the foot. Awareness of unusual clinical presentation of Phaeohyphomycosis can lead to early diagnosis which may help in prevention of wide spread dissemination of disease and fatal outcome.


Periodontal diseases are associated with a specific microbial attack and a consequent inflammatory and immune response from the host. Systemic diseases are risk factors for periodontal diseases because they change tissue response. Obesity has been associated with periodontitis. This paper reviews the literature to describe and discuss how the relationship between obesity and periodontal disease was established. Visceral obesity increases plasminogen activator inhibitor-1, decreasing blood flow in periodontal tissues. The inflammatory response is altered, becoming a risk for the development of periodontitis. The secretion of tumor necrosis factor-alpha and interleukins is proportional to waist circumference, which may make an individual susceptible to chronic inflammatory diseases, such as periodontitis, if a specific bacterial biofilm is present. Studies show that there may be a biological association between periodontal disease and obesity, since obesity affects both the host response and a possible microbiological relationship. Thus, obese individuals should be treated by a multidisciplinary team, including a dental surgeon. Indexing terms: Cytokines. Obesity. Periodontics.


During the mite sampling of the genus Caloglyphus, the taxonomical analysis of diagnostic features of the hypopial stage confirmed two new taxa named as C. agrios and C. hadros. When compared with the already known worldwide species within this genus, these species showed sufficient dissimilarity to be classified as separate taxa. The characteristic features differentiating these new species from the other Caloglyphus species are the shapes ofgnathosoma, propodosoma, hysterosoma, apodemes, coxal fields, suctorial shield, and chaetotaxy and solenidiotaxy of legs. The present study reports the historical review of the genus, completed with the information on already known species, their description, illustration of main characters, geographical distribution, host range, remarks on the new species, matrixes showing comparisons, and the percentage of similarity along with a key for their identification based on hypopial characters for the species known from Pakistan.


This research aims to determine three things: (1) students' reading abilities in Indonesian before using the CIRC model; (2) how the CIRC model can be used to improve students' reading abilities in Indonesian; and (3) students' reading abilities in Indonesian after using the CIRC model. Classroom Action Research is the methodology employed (PTK). The study took place at MIS NU in the Barus District's Pasar Batu Gerigis. Each cycle of this study includes four steps: planning, acting, monitoring, and thinking about what you learned. Participants included 26 fourth-year students (16 male and 10 female) from MIS NU Pasar Batu Gerigis. The study's overarching goal is to find effective ways to implement the CIRC learning model in Indonesian classes so that students can develop stronger reading skills. Sheets of observations, tests, and written documentation are all examples of data collection methods. It was determined that 1) only 6 students out of a total of 23 had a classical completion percentage of 23 percent with an average score of 4.4 before using the CIRC learning model. Using the CIRC model, 14 students achieved 54% classical completeness and an average score of 6.0 on a reading comprehension assessment after the first cycle of student learning. In addition, students' reading abilities improved even further in the second cycle, with 22 students achieving an 85 percent classical completeness rate and an average score of 8.2. The data presented above demonstrate that students in class IV at MIS NU Pasar Batu Gerigis have improved their reading comprehension to the extent that classical learning has been completed (at the 85% level).


In Sweden, municipal sewage sludge are not applied as nutrient supply on agricultural land used for crops for human consumption, due to a resistance among consumer, farmers associations and leading producers and grocery distributors. Thus, a nationwide initiative, ReVAQ, with a wide range of different stakeholders was established in 2003. The aim was to identify approaches to be implemented to improve the quality of the sludge in order to make it possible to use municipal sewage sludge on agricultural land in a sustainable and socially acceptable manor. Here, a ReVAQ subproject, organic substances in industrial effluents to


Thermal stability of proteins in frozen and thawed freshwater prawns was measured by differential scanning calorimetry. The onset and peak melting temperatures corresponding to myosin denaturation, as well as total enthalpy of denaturation of prawn muscle, decreased after freezing–thawing treatments. There were no significant differences in the thermal properties of prawns with changes in the rate of freezing, ie blast (fast) vs still (slow) freezing. However, the thermal properties were influenced by the rate of thawing. Rapid thawing using a combination of microwave and tap water resulted in a lower (P⩽0·05) thermal stability of prawn proteins compared to slow (refrigeration) or moderately fast (tap water) thawing methods. Keeping prawn shells intact or not intact during freezing–thawing did not alter the thermal properties of the prawn proteins. © 1997 SCI.


This paper presents an Electrovibration Pen (EV-Pen) which incorporates electrovibration into pen interactions. The EV-Pen not only exploits the advantages of conventional pen-based interactions but also provides a wide range of haptic feedback modes without any form of mechanical actuator. The EV-Pen simulates real pen-on-paper feeling, enhancing the user experience in drawing and handwriting, and providing feedback while interacting with virtual textures and GUI elements on touchscreens. Furthermore, we have discussed implications of the EV-Pen for future explorations.


We present a generic path-dependent importance sampling algorithm where the Girsanov induced change of probability on the path space is represented by a sequence of neural networks taking the past of the trajectory as an input. At each learning step, the neural networks' parameters are trained so as to reduce the variance of the Monte Carlo estimator induced by this change of measure. This allows for a generic path dependent change of measure which can be used to reduce the variance of any path-dependent financial payoff. We show in our numerical experiments that for payoffs consisting of either a call, an asymmetric combination of calls and puts, a symmetric combination of calls and puts, a multi coupon autocall or a single coupon autocall, we are able to reduce the variance of the Monte Carlo estimators by factors between 2 and 9. The numerical experiments also show that the method is very robust to changes in the parameter values, which means that in practice, the training can be done offline and only updated on a weekly basis.


T he ETP Sludge generated by Raymond Textile Ltd.   Boregaon District – Chhindwara India is Co-incinerated in the Captive Power House Boiler in irreversible and environmental sound manner without influencing emissions on partial replacement of traditial fuel. Co-incineration benefits upgrade waste management, reduce environmental impacts, improver the industrial sector's competitiveness decreases largely the cost of waste management of ETP sludge. The analysis results of the stack parameters revealed that the emission values are well below the standards set by Central Pollution Control Board for the common Hazardous Waste Incinerations. The Captive Power House perforce requires high temperature in the boiler around 1000 0 C. Such high temperature conditions ensure no noxious emission during the co-incineration of the waste materials. Â


In order to improve the utilization value of broken rice,we used the broken rice to make rice tofu.Through single-factor and orthogonal tests,we studied the preparation process of rice tofu based on fuzzy mathematic sensory evaluation. The results showed that the optimum preparation conditions were as follows:material-to-liquid ratio was 1 ∶4(W/V),edible alkali amount was 1.2%, rice milk temperature was 86 ℃ when adding edible alkali. The rice tofu prepared under the optimum conditions had high resilience and rice fragrance.


Elementary school students use physical manipulatives (e.g., pattern blocks) to make sense of the geometry and measurement ideas in a Code.org block-based programming lesson.


The academic world has at its disposal a vast quantity of resources concerning the history and culture of the Karaite Jewish community. These resources include Biblical manuscripts, works on Biblical exegesis and Halakhah (Jewish law), grammatical texts, letters on community affairs, wedding contracts and other important texts that shed much light upon Karaite religious observance, history, and culture. The aim of this paper is to present to the reader in a concise manner the facts regarding the development of the Karaite Jewish community in Israel in the 20th and 21st century. In addition, it endeavors to describe the relationship between the Karaite Jewish community and other communities, in particular the Rabbinate Jewish community in Israel and the USA.


There is a great difference in the obser vations o f various investigators regarding the prevalence of gingivitis in children. In postwar Italy, Schour and Massler1 reported a prevalence of 40 per cent in the 6 to 10 year age group. Day and Shourie2 reported a prevalence of as high as 99.4 per cent in the lower social level Indian children. However, this group in cluded individuals up to 20 years of age, who hardly can be considered children. The statistical data are of little signifi cance because of the types of groups studied. A report8 of gingivitis in London school children from 2 to 15 years of age indicates that there is an increase in prevalence with age, and at the age of 14, about 47 per cent had gingivitis, with about 31 per cent having slight evidence, and about 22 per cent having moderate to severe gingivitis. Zappler and Person,4 in a study of periodontal disease in chil dren, concluded: Consideration of such data indicates the necessity for a wide geographical survey of the incidence of periodontal disease in chil dren. It is evident that while serious perio dontal disease is not very common in this section of the United States, other areas throughout the world face a tremendous perio dontal problem insofar as their children are concerned. . . .


Two deceased adult Common Myna Acridotherestristispresented for post-mortem investigations revealed weak carcasses with pale mucus membranes. The small intestine was completely blocked by balled-up tapeworms, which wereconfirmed as Hymenolepiscantaniana. Grossly, the intestine showed severe, diffuse congestion and catarrhal enteritis. Histopathological examination of the intestine exhibited severe congestion, denuded epithelium with necrotic cells along with homogenous catarrhal exudates admixed with a few polymorphonuclear cells. This report puts into record a rare case ofHymenolepisspeciesincidence in Common Myna.


This study aims to increase the independence of students' lateral reasoning which has an impact on improving student learning outcomes in the science class. The learning method applied is the inquiry method which is expected to be able to solve the existing problems. This research has been carried out on 35 students of class VII-6. The action research was carried out for 4 months, from September to December 2016, and was carried out in 3 cycles, each cycle consisting of 3 meetings. Each cycle consists of 4 important activities, namely: Planning, Action, Observation, and Reflection. The implementation in the first cycle is in the form of energy learning and its changes through the inquiry method. The results of the first cycle, observations can be reflected to plan actions in the second cycle. The implementation in cycle II is in the form of learning energy and its changes as well as application in everyday life related to energy through the inquiry method. The implementation of actions in each cycle through the inquiry method by observing student actions, observing teacher performance, and motivating students to participate more with discoveries and experiments. the alternative energy that utilizes everyday materials which are considered partly as unutilized waste. The results of the study indicate that the independence of lateral reasoning through the application of good, directed, and guided inquiry methods can improve learning outcomes in Natural Science (IPA) basic energy competencies and motivate students to be responsible independently and in groups, able to think critically-applicatively which has an impact on student learning outcomes that improve in mastering science concepts as well as practice in learning and being active in making students more daring to study without relying on students who are considered capable and able to solve problems in everyday life that are faced about the context of science and can produce simple works of high creative value, namely the creation of works of energy utilization in everyday life that are converted into other energies


The synthesis of poly-1,3-bisdiphenylene-2-phenyl allyl (BDPA) radicals via a new anionic oligomerization strategy is reported. The material displays a reversible reduction from the orange-red radical to the blue carbanion in solution.


This study is the result of research focusing on the accounting systems of the Teatro alla Scala in Milan in the period spanning 1921 to 1946. The Teatro alla Scala in Milan is internationally recognised as a world stage for Opera. The aim of this research is to seek to understand, through the study of the evolution of the form and content of the informational tools, if these were able to provide relevant data in order to adequately support the governing bodies during the period analysed. The investigation has revealed a parabolic trend in the way the data was structured. In an attempt to offer valid food for thought to current scientific debates we have focused on the role played by the bookkeeping informational system of this institution during a very specific historical period, and how it balanced out and/or enforced the relations of the powers at the time.