A fiber bundle $Y$ having as a prototype fiber a finite-dimensional,
differentiable manifold, not embedded in any linear space, and as a base a
space-time tube constructed on the $n-$dimensional point space is the
geometric environment considered here. After assigning a Lagrangian to its
first jet bundle, the notion of defect and the representation of its
evolution in this setting is discussed first. Then the geometry is
restricted to a base involving fit regions of a three-dimensional Euclidean
space, and the balances of actions on defects in the abstract fiber which
can be pictured on the basis of $Y$ by a smooth space-type line $l$ are
derived in a non-purely conservative setting (a d'Alembert-Lagrange principle
is involved). The main result is related to the case involving non-constant
peculiar energy along $l$: the covariance of the action balances along $l$,
including the configurational ones, is related to the validity of an
integral Nother-like relation which has the meaning of action power
relative to the defect motion.


A 12 years-old child had has an on and off fever for 7 months. He had an oral ulcer, alopecia, arthalgia and weigth loss.
CBC Hb 9.6 g/dL, Hct 28.4%, WBC 1230/uL, N 77.2%, L 16.3%, Platelet 61000/uL
Ferritin 5249 ng/mL (30-400), Fibrinogen 303.5 mg/dl (170-410), Triglyceride 121 mg/dL (0-200), Prothrombin time 13.3 sec (10.4-13.3), Partial thromboplastin time 36.2 sec (21.4-29.6),
ANA coarse speckle pattern >1:2560, anti-dsDNA 1:640, low compliment C3 0.38 g/L


As a reflection of the on-going controversies related to whether an internalized moral perspective should be included in theories of authentic leadership, this paper introduces virtue ethics to the...


Microstructures and properties of 6082 aluminum alloy welded joints of first time repair welding by MIG welding were studied respectively through tensile tests,bending tests,hardness tests and microstructure analysis in this paper.The results showed that during the tensile test,both specimens were broken at the heat,affected zone,the tensile strength decreased obviously after repair welding,but still satisfied the standard.Both had good bending performance.Repair welding had little effect on hardness of the weld and base material,while the joints after repair welding showed significant softening phenomenon.Microstructure in weld and fusion changed little before and after repair welding,welding center were equiaxed grains.The grains of fusion zone were bulky columnar dendrites,base material were fibrously extending along the rolling direction,a large number of strengthening phase Mg2Si distributed evenly in α(Al) solid solution matrix.


Ode to Sanliang" is the dross in poetry.According to the poem and different ideas Tao xepressed in other poems,the author suspects that the poem is a fake work.To make the two opinions mentioned above aims for others judgment.\;


Results of displacement damage correlation between neutrons, light ions and heavy ions in bipolar junction transistors are presented. Inverse gain degradation as the function of fluence was measured. The inverse gain degradation due to heavy ion irradiation followed the Messenger-Spratt equation, while some deviation was found for light ions


In the Ziekenhuis Oost Limburg (ZOL) telemonitoring is used for remote follow up of Implantable Cardiac Defibrillators (ICD) since 2007. In 2010 a formal clinical call center was started in our hospital to expand active telemonitoring services from simple device management to remote disease management, focusing on heart failure patients (HF) with an implanted cardiac resynchronization device (Boston Scientific, Medtronic, Biotronik and St. Jude Medical). These devices have telemonitoring capabilities to transmit both device parameters and certain physiological (disease) parameters (cardiac rhythm, physical activity, thoracic impedance) to a dedicated web client. Our center is one of the largest telemonitoring centers in the country monitoring approximately 20% of all patients currently in active telemonitoring follow up in Belgium.
Up till now all analysis data obtained from these devices, both during in clinic follow up as well as during remote monitoring, are captured and stored in a very primitive and fragmented way, most often on a single paper print-out. Integration of all device parameters into the electronic medical record (EMR) is necessary to use telemonitoring data in daily clinical practice. Therefore we started a collaborative program with device manufacturers to transfer all devices parameters digitally into the hospital medical record (MediWeb/Medar, Agfa Healthcare) using HL7 communication standards. We decided not only to transfer the full device analysis reports in a .pdf-format but also a selection of the most clinically relevant parameters in numerical format. Data obtained at implantation or during in clinic visits as well as data from remote monitoring are transferred digitally into the EMR. The integration of St Jude data has been realized since 2009 and remote data since 2010. In-clinic data from Biotronik is being digitally transferred since 2011. In 2012 we have realized transfer of Boston Scientific and Medtronic device data. At this moment we completed 70% of the connectivity matrix and plan to reach a complete 100% integration of all in-clinic as well as telemonitoring data for all device companies by the end of the year.
Digital integration of device parameters in the electronic medical record will improve significantly the quality of care delivered to patients with cardiac implant devices, and facilitates communication with referring cardiologists and family physicians. The numerical data format allows for easier viewing of multiple datasets over time including graphical representation. Our hospital is the first in Europe to realize this level of integration of device parameters and telemonitoring data in the electronic medical record. []


The purpose of this study is to examine the influence of antecedents on consumer's trust in online companies. Specifically, it aims to examine the relationship between perceptions about the company (including perceived size and perceived reputation) as well as perceptions about the web site quality (including system quality, information quality, and service quality) on customer's trust in online company, and then on purchase intention. Results of these studies demonstrated that customer's trust in the online company is an important determinant of customer intention to purchase. Furthermore, the results confirmed that perceived size and website quality (including system quality, information quality, and service quality) were the principal determinant influencing consumer's trust in online company. Future, our study results could suggest practitioners can use these results as guidelines in website development, daily operations, and customer support processes in online business.


Abstract— Glaucoma is a group of eye diseases in which the optic nerve at the back of the eye is slowly destroyed. Mostly this is due to an increased pressure inside the eye.It can occur at any age and can lead to permanent vision loss and blindness. Glaucoma is one of the common causes of blindness with about 79 million in the world likely to be afflicted with glaucoma by the year 2020.Automatic retinal image analysis is emerging screening tool for early detection of eye diseases. An important prerequisite for automated or computer-aided analysis of images of the retina is the accurate localization of the main anatomical features in the image, notably the optic nerve head (ONH), also known as the optic disc. Retinal images are widely used for diagnostic purposes by ophthalmologists. In this paper, we present an automatic OD parameterization technique based on segmented OD and CUP regions obtained from monocular retinal images. Glaucoma can be diagnosed through measurement of neuro-retinal optic cup-todisc ratio (CDR). Automatic calculation of optic cup boundary is challenging due to the interweavement of blood vessels with the surrounding tissues around the cup. A Convex Hull based Neuro-Retinal Optic Cup Ellipse Optimization algorithm improves the accuracy of the boundary estimation. The new algorithm is 50% better than the ARGALI system which is the state-of-the-art. Keywords— Glaucoma, optic nerve, retinal image, computer vision, convex hull. ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------


At present, the integration growth model of the information industry is rapidly changing the social and economic operation mode. Industry convergence is accelerating the change of industrial structure and promoting the industrial transformation and upgrading. Fusion and penetration between industries promote an active eruption of emerging business, and bring a new quantity for industrial development. We should take this opportunity to nurture a new generation of industrial growth pole. Eventually, we should effectively promote the development of strategic emerging industries by industrial convergence.


conquering ; the temptation is felt by many to regard it as all-sufficient for man. In the nineteenth century there has been a parallel development, also of great magnitude, in the higher mental sphere, yielding science in the larger sense (mental science, spiritual philosophy) ; but the mass of people are more impressed by the marvellous triumphs of physical science, and we look next to some of the disturbing effects on faith which are traceable to the latter.


Segmentation based visual cryptography is segment based not pixel based and works on symbols that may be shown as segment display, the two major technique proposed in this category are seven segment and sixteen display. The major benefit of using Segment Based encryption is that "It is easy to adjust the secret images and potentially easy to recognize for the human eye". In this paper we have summarised the various schemes for schemes for segment based visual cryptography given in figure 4 .We have analyzed majorly three techniques :1> Secret sharing, 2> symmetric key distribution 3> Seeded Region growing based segmentation. Future researchers may focus on automated seeding algorithms.


Use of the sputtered SiO/sub 2/ technique for quantum well intermixing, a post-growth technique which modifies the quantum well profile, to introduce a blue-shift of the optical absorption edge, makes it possible to integrate the passive and active components monolithically and therefore allow extensive photonic integration which is cost effective and flexible. Although the different bandgaps can be implemented by several sputter-annealing cycles, it is tedious and less reliable. In this paper, we report a new technique to achieve the different bandgaps in a single stage sputtering-annealing step. The technique is simple, reliable, and more importantly, the tuning of the wavelength is precise.


The configuration data sequence of a field programmable gate array (FPGA) is an intellectual property (IP) of the original designer. With the increase in deployment of FPGAs in modern embedded systems, the IP protection of FPGA hardware designs has become a necessary requirement for many IP vendors. There have been already many proposals to overcome this problem using symmetric encryption techniques but these methods need a cryptographic key to be stored in a non-volatile memory located on FPGA or in a battery-backed RAM (Random Access Memory) as done in some of the current FPGAs. The expenses with the proposed methods are, occupation of larger area on FPGA in the former case and limited lifetime of the device in the latter. In contrast, we propose a novel method which combines the dynamic partial reconfiguration (dynamic PR) feature of an SRAM-based FPGA with the public key cryptography (PKC) to protect the FPGA configuration files without the need to store any keys on FPGA.


Abstract: The gold content in siliceous deposits formed from geothermal waters at the Hatchobaru geothermal power station in central Kyushu, Japan, was determined by inductively coupled plasma quadrupole mass spectrometry (ICP–MS). It ranges from 1.3 to 4.6 mg/kg. The highest gold content was obtained from the siliceous deposit formed from acidic waters. In this siliceous deposit, hydrous iron(III) oxide of amorphous state is a major constituent, suggesting that hydrous iron(III) oxide might play an important role when gold is concentrated into siliceous deposits formed from acidic and iron‐rich geothermal waters.


AT THE CURRENT LEVELS OF SALT USAGE FOR HIGHWAY DE-ICING, THE GAINS TO SOCIETY APPEAR TO BE FAR LESS THAN THE COSTS. MOST IF NOT ALL OF THE BENEFITS ARE IMMEDIATE, WHILE COSTS SUCH AS THE POLLUTION OF WATER SUPPLIES AND DAMAGE TO VEGETATION AND HIGHWAY STRUCTURES MAY ACCRUE OVER RELATIVELY LONG PERIODS OF TIME. ALTHOUGH IT WAS SHOWN THAT THE COST IN TERMS OF AUTOMOBILE DEPRECIATION ALONE EXCEEDS THE BENEFITS DUE TO REDUCED TRAVEL COSTS, THIS DOES NOT NECESSARILY IMPLY THAT ALL SALTING SHOULD BE DISCONTINUED. RATHER, ONE IS INTERESTED IN APPLYING SALT UNTIL THE GAINS FROM THE LAST TON APPLIED ARE JUST BALANCED BY THE ADDITIONAL COSTS INCURRED. GIVEN THE FINDINGS IN THIS STUDY, IT APPEARS THAT THE USE OF SALT FOR DE-ICING SHOULD BE CURTAILED. THE EXTENT OF THE REDUCTION CAN BE DETERMINED ONLY THROUGH A MORE DETAILED AND COMPREHENSIVE ANALYSIS OF THE VARIOUS BENEFITS AND COSTS.


CONTEXT
3β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase deficiency (3βHSD) is a rare disorder of sexual development and steroidogenesis. There are two isozymes of 3βHSD, HSD3B1 and HSD3B2. Human mutations are known for the HSD3B2 gene which is expressed in the gonads and the adrenals. Little is known about testis histology, fertility and malignancy risk.

OBJECTIVE
To describe the molecular genetics, the steroid biochemistry, the (immuno-)histochemistry and the clinical implications of a loss-of-function HSD3B2 mutation.

METHODS
Biochemical, genetic and immunohistochemical investigations on human biomaterials.

RESULTS
A 46,XY boy presented at birth with severe undervirilization of the external genitalia. Steroid profiling showed low steroid production for mineralocorticoids, glucocorticoids and sex steroids with typical precursor metabolites for HSD3B2 deficiency. The genetic analysis of the HSD3B2 gene revealed a homozygous c.687del27 deletion. At pubertal age, he showed some virilization of the external genitalia and some sex steroid metabolites appeared likely through conversion of precursors secreted by the testis and converted by unaffected HSD3B1 in peripheral tissues. However, he also developed enlarged breasts through production of estrogens in the periphery. Testis histology in late puberty revealed primarily a Sertoli-cell-only pattern and only few tubules with arrested spermatogenesis, presence of few Leydig cells in stroma, but no neoplastic changes.

CONCLUSIONS
The testis with HSD3B2 deficiency due to the c.687del27 deletion does not express the defective protein. This patient is unlikely to be fertile and his risk for gonadal malignancy is low. Further studies are needed to obtain firm knowledge on malignancy risk for gonads harboring defects of androgen biosynthesis.


The dominant group of land snails in the Pilbara Region is the camaenid genus Rhagada, which includes several species confined to islands. Analysis of allozymes confirmed the presence of two genetically distinct species of Rhagada on Barrow Island: a small species restricted to the northern tip of the island, and a large species widespread over the remainder of the island. Comparisons amongst 19 samples of the widespread, large species revealed distinct populations, but with unusually low levels of genetic subdivision, and no detectable geographic pattern on the island. In contrast with the low divergence within species, the two species are genetically the most distinctive of all species of Rhagada examined from the Pilbara Region. The genetic distinctiveness of these species highlights the conservation value of Barrow Island for these endemic snails, and raises questions of the evolutionary history of Rhagada in the Pilbara Region.


This qualitative study explores farm management practices by women cotton growers using computer-based information systems, most particularly the agricultural farm management software CottonLOGIC within the Australian cotton industry. This study found that, although gender differences and inequalities persist in rural parts of this region, the agency of women cotton growers ensures not only a sustainable future for themselves and their families, but also for the broader cotton industry as a whole. This study analyses the use of farm management software by women cotton farmers within Connell's theoretical framework of gender relations (2002). This study suggests that women's active participation in farm partnerships and the acquisition of technological skills through the use of farm management software like CottonLOGIC mean that all cotton growers benefit through the feminising of specific farm management practices in family farm enterprises. This, therefore, has significant implications for developing the cotton industry into a truly sustainable entity, both in relation to the health of the social and physical environment. INTRODUCTION This study aims to understand how the use of farm management software, namely the agricultural decision support system (DSS) CottonLOGIC, affects the decision making roles of women as farm partners within the Australian cotton industry. In simple terms, a DSS may be identified as a computer-based information system that supports decision makers. The extensive use of computers has become essential for farm decision makers, not only for communication, and information acquisition and transfer, but also for farm management (Hearn & Bange 2002). Although recent research has indicated that farm women have become the primary users of computers, previous studies suggest that they are hesitant to use computers for farm management and hence, their decision-making roles on family farms are unclear (James 1990; Stewart 2004; 1 The terms 'farm women' and 'women farmers' refer to women who live on agricultural or pastoral properties. The term 'women cotton growers' is used when more specificity is needed. The term 'rural women' is broader and identifies women who live on properties, in country towns, and women who work in organisations in the rural sector. The term 'female farmer' is not used since the author considers it to be an awkward one with several nuances. Various terms identify rural men, namely 'farm men' and 'male farmers'. The term 'farm partner' refers usually to the husband and wife in the family farm business. In the main, the terms are applied as used in the source.


The corporate sector is the strength of character of the Indian economy, so for as it provides a crucial, efficient and planned system for the enlargement of industrial as well as non-industrial sectors of the economy. There were 11,89,826 active companies as on June 30, 2018," the corporate affairs ministry said. Out of the total number of 17.79 lakh registered companies in India, 5.43 lakh were closed as on 30 June and 1,390 were classified as dormant. The financial performance is a subjective measure of how well a firm can use assets from its primary mode of business and generate revenue. This research paper analyzes the financial performance of top ten companies in India. The variables viz sales, profit after tax, market capitalization, change of profit and revenue of the companies were examined over a period of two year.. This study covers Reliance Industries Ltd, Indian Oil Corporation Ltd, Oil and Natural Gas Corporation Ltd, State Bank of India, Tata Motors Ltd, Bharat Petroleum Corporation Ltd, Hindustan Petroleum Corporation Ltd. Rajesh Export Ltd, Tata Steel Ltd and Coal India Ltd. The study revealed that all these companies have performed well in terms of sales and profit after tax except Tata Motors Ltd incurred a loss after tax is Rs 28826.23 crores, but its revenue is Rs 305280.69crores and market capitalization Rs 48588.33 crores during the financial year 2018 -2019. RIL during the financial year 2019 got the first rank and its rank in the year 2018 was second, hence company's sales improved from 2018 to 2019. We found that the SBI's performance is negative in 2018 because amalgamation of its associate state banks, revenue of the bank increased by 7.88 percent only. Tata Motors Ltd revenue and profit of after tax is 2.06 percent and PL respectively from 2018 to 2019. 'PL' means profit in the financial year 2018 and loss in 2019. We conclude that Tata Motors, BPCL, HPCl performance slightly decreased during the study, hence improve the sales and control the cost. In the ever changing competitive business environment the company's management should design the innovative strategies to enhance customer value for more returns on the investment and thereby to further strengthen the financial health of the company.


One hundred and fifty one isolates of Trichoderma were collected mainly from more than 40 soil samples and other materials in Guangdong Province (including Chigang, Zhanjiang, Wuchuan, Panyu, Zhaoqing, Dongguan, Humen, Qingyuan, Guanzhou) and the soil samples were also from different plant rhizosphere (including rice, different fruits and different vegetables). It was shown that 39 isolates of Trichoderma grew faster than other isolates using growth velocity experiments. The 39 isolates could effectively inhibit Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense (E. F. Sm) Sny. &Hans. by dual cultural experiments. The inhibited activity included the antifungal activities of its metabolite, mycoparasitic activities and the lytic enzymes by dual culture, electronic microcopy and enzyme assay. At present, studies on the taxonomy of the 151 isolates of Trichoderma are carried out in our experiments, some Trichoderma species aggregates will be identified according to the taxonomy system revised by Rifai and Bissett.


General cutting mechanics approach, successfully used for different machining operations using cutting tool with complex geometry, was here applied for prediction of cutting forces in tapping with machine taps. Basic idea was to exploit data obtained from orthogonal cutting tests and relations for oblique cutting forces to obtain force components on discretized parts cutting edges. Developed simulation program calculates instantaneous positions of tap in hole and un deformed chip area of each engaged tooth. Integration along all engaged teeth provides actual values of torque and thrust force in every simulation step in the whole tapping cycle.


Landscape character assessment is built on the Landscape Convention of the Council of Europe, which considers landscape as an area perceived by man, formed by the interactions of man and nature. According to the exemplary British practice of landscape character assessment, the particular combination and the unique composition of landscape elements have to be taken into account rather than the specific features independently. Its primary concern is that the whole is more than the sum of the parts. Landscape character assessment results in the identification of landscape character types and landscape character areas. Identifying the character types and character areas happens at more hierarchy level (national, regional, micro-regional and local level). Defining the boundaries, the characteristics, and the main factors contributing to the formation of the character should be a value-free description of the given state. The following stage of the assessment is the landscape evaluation. Making a judgement on the actual state involves locals in a participatory process, and it is the preparatory phase of formulating the landscape quality objectives. In Hungary, the first landscape character assessment, covering the entire area of the country, was carried out between 2017 and 2021. Four micro-regional case studies complemented the nationwide research. The present paper gives a brief overview of the methods used at the national level, including the feedback from the micro-regional assessment, and summarises the results.


Background: Respiratory tract infections (RTI) are more common in pediatrics. Especially in developing countries like India, RTI causes more death in children. Antibiotics are used to treat RTI even in case of viral infections. Hence rational use of antibiotics is very much needed to avoid antibiotic resistance. In this study we have analysed the prescribing pattern of antibiotics and their drug interactions involved in the management of respiratory tract infections in a tertiary care teaching hospital.Methods: A prospective observational study was conducted in the department of pediatrics at a tertiary care teaching hospital for a period of 6 months (November 2019-April 2020). A total of 144 patients were included in the study and their prescription was analysed for their antibiotic prescribing pattern and interactions.Results: Infants were more prone to RTI infections. Among RTI, lower RTI were more common in children. We have analysed prescribing pattern of antibiotics in which, mono antibiotic therapy were more commonly used. Ampicillin was the frequently prescribed antibiotic. Azithromycin had the most possible interactions among the antibiotics prescribed.Conclusions: More than 336 antibiotics were used for all types of RTI, even in the case of viral infections. So rational use of antibiotics is needed. Among 144 children who were enrolled in the study, none of them were subjected to culture sensitivity test. As of which, all of them were treated empirically. Penicillin and cephalosporin are the mostly prescribed antibiotics in RTI. Cephalosporin prescribed children had less hospital stay and hardly interactions were found.


ABSTRACT The paper presents principle and design of multireflector antennas. The structure consists of printed dipole antenna and cascaded planar reflectors made with the technology of frequency selective surfaces. Several types of frequency selective surfaces used as reflectors are compared in the paper to achieve best suiting properties. Also different modifications of printed dipole antenna including one with fractal elements are described and discussed. Feeding and the impedance matching are performed using standard wideband balun. 1. INTRODUCTION Current development in wireless communication industry brings a necessity of using antennas for different frequency bands. The common multi-band antenna realizations often suffer from low gain [1]. Its increasing by the antenna structure is quite complicated thanks to the requirement of multi-band operation itself. Construction of arrays is complicated especially by achievement of suitable feeding and sufficient impedance matching. The use of passive ways of directivity increasing (reflectors, directors) is also problematic with common techniques. Problems with using the common reflectors can be eliminated by implementation of frequency selective surfaces (FSS) into reflector structure [2]. Their reflection properties differ with frequency, while they reflect the most of energy only or especially in designed band. Their cascade setup in adequate spacing enables operation in all frequency bands of design. With this constellation, planar antennas (with continuous ground plane) can not be used. Printed dipole and its modifications have to be used for concrete designs [3]. The design is made by method of moments in frequency domain (Zeland IE3D) with verification by finite differences time domain method (CST Microwave Studio) [4]. The design will be followed by manufacture and measurement with comparison of results.


The right to be forgotten is interesting, but google is the wrong target. We should push for agency over our own data and data about


Combined with the design of model predictive controller for propylene rectifier,the model adaptive predictive control strategy based on system steady model is proposed.By the relative sensitivity variation of controlled variables to manipulated variables and disturbance variables based on the system steady model,the channel's gain of transfer functions are modified,in order to improve the controlling performance of top temperature and bottom temperature of propylene rectifier.The results of online application show that the variations of controlled temperature are decreased one level by using this strategy,and the product quality is improved.


In a recent article, we reported on the capability of highresolution MRI to display the anatomy and pathology not only of the deep and superficial branches of the fibular nerve but also the articular (''recurrent articular/genicular'' or ''recurrent peroneal'') and its tibialis anterior proximal motor branches (Hébert-Blouin et al., 2010b). Since this publication, we have treated 2 patients with fibular neuropathies due to fibular intraneural ganglion cysts derived from the superior tibiofibular joint who were noted to have cystic involvement of a ''terminal'' branch of the articular branch of the fibular nerve, i.e., one variably extending toward the patellar ligament. Pressurized by the cystic process, the enlarged terminal branch in our 2 cases could be visualized more easily than in the ''normal'' state. The terminal branch of the articular branch of the fibular nerve corresponded well to a tiny branch depicted in one of the original specimen drawings by Gardner (1948) (Fig. 1). The innervation from the fibular nerve to the patellar ligament and anterolateral knee joint is not widely appreciated and has important considerations. Limited information is available about this ''very'' terminal branch. It is not mentioned in several anatomic books (McVay, 1984; Thorek, 1985; Rohen et al., 2002; Moore et al., 2006; Stranding et al., 2008; Moore et al., 2010). The recurrent articular branch of the common or deep fibular nerve provides branches to the proximal tibialis anterior muscle and then, to both the superior tibiofibular and knee joints (Romanes, 1981). The course of the branch to the anterior portion of the superior tibiofibular joint is ushaped. This recurrent branch gives off another (recurrent) branch that supplies the periosteum of the proximal tibial, tibial tuberosity, patellar ligament, and even the infrapatellar fat pad (Gardner, 1948). Its tiny filaments have proven difficult to dissect and characterize (Gardner, 1948). Difficulties with terminology are also apparent. These very terminal branches are not included in Terminologia Anatomica (1998). The recurrent articular branch has been called the ''recurrent tibial nerve'' (Cunningham, 1918), the ''anterior tibial (recurrent) nerve'' (Hollinshead, 1982; Agur and Dalley, 2009), and even, the tibialis anterior branch (de Sèze et al., 2005). In fact, it is unclear whether the recurrent branch itself refers to the branch to the superior tibiofibular joint or the knee joint, both of which are recurrent.


One of the more enduring controversies surrounding management of Yellowstone National Park is whether historic fluctuations in elk numbers have resulted in overgrazing and accelerated erosion of range lands in the northern part of the Park. Our recent paleolimnological analysis of eight small lakes in this northern winter range found little evidence that environmental conditions prior to park establishment (1872) were substantially different from those of recent decades (Engstrom et al., 1991; Whitlock et al., 1991). As a response to


Summary Autoimmune hepatitis in children is of type 1, with antinuclear or anti-smooth mus-cle antibodies, more frequent in teenage girls, or of type 2, with anti-liver-kidney microsomes1 and/or anti-liver cytosol 1 antibodies, in younger children. Other autoimmune diseases maybe present in the patient or his relatives. The diagnosis relies on autoantibodies testing andhistology. The treatment with steroids and azathioprine is efficient in most cases. CyclosporineA is also successfully used. Relapses under treatment are frequent. A long-term treatment maybe necessary. Liver transplantation is rarely indicated.© 2012 Published by Elsevier Masson SAS. Introduction Autoimmune hepatitis is a chronic disease of unknowncauses that evolves spontaneously to inflammation andnecrosis of liver parenchyma, tending to rapidly progressto cirrhosis and liver failure.Inflammatory liver histology is characterized by pres-ence of interface hepatitis with massive portal infiltrationof mononuclear cells and plasmocytes. Increased levels ofimmunoglobulin G (IgG), circulating liver-specific and non-liver-specific autoantibodies, and a positive response toimmuno-suppressive therapy are almost universal. Conven-tional treatment with steroids and azathioprine is usuallyeffective, allowing to achieve remission and long-term sur-vival [1].As shown in Table 1, according to seropositivity, autoim-mune hepatitis may be classified in two subgroups:autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) type 1 is characterized bysmooth muscle antibody (SMA) and/or antinuclear antibody


Hydrochemical radioactive prospecting plays an important role in the all stages of grano-pegmatite type uranium deposit exploration in Danfeng area dut to its fast,simple,economic and high effective advantage.Radioactive anomalous halo in the shallow underground water has identical distribution scopes with the ore-bearing biotite granite-pegmatite,which can be used to delineate uranium ore-forming prospective area,reconnaissance area and detailed prospecting area.Deep underground water close to the ore is characterized by hydrogeochemical radioactive features with high uranium and radon content.Through prospecting engineering of radioactive hydrogeochemical,the situation of blind ore bodies can be used to guide the layout.


In this article the issue of gusset plate integrity for applications in bridge engineering is discussed. Specifically, the gusset-plates of the Interstate 35W bridge in Minneapolis are analyzed in light of the bridge's collapse in 2007. The National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB) is leading efforts to determine whether these flaws in the initial construction are to blame for the collapse. However, there is dissent about the extent to which such a flaw could have caused the type of damage that was actually incurred. As a result, engineers are encouraging further study concerning the excessive loading that bridges are now enduring. Still others highlight that the bridge was partially closed for some construction work at the time of the incident. There is general consensus however, that there must be further investigations into the matter before any advice is definitively decided upon.


This paper discusses the philosophical underpinnings of the present study on eGovernment and eParticipation which chose a hybrid philosophical framework based on realist ontology, constructivist epistemology, and pluralist methodology, as well as the philosophical assumptions which underlie the case study method and the triangulation of data-gathering techniques that this study adopted.


This paper studied how to improve the glass surface strength.The manufacture process in which the surface strength of glass changes was explored.According to the values of surface strength variation and the strength curves under different grinding processes,the reasons that the surface strength decreased and the related measures were given.Then,the etching method for releasing stress concentration and the max surface compressive stress strengthening theory were described,and the effects of different material removal modes on the surface strength of brittle materials were analyzed.A ductile grinding mode was introduced and its main manufacture requirements were given.The roughness ranges for different non-imaging surfaces were summarized,and corresponding solutions were advanced.The experiments show that as the material removal rate is set to be less than or equal to 25 μm/h and the abrasive size less than or equal to 15 μm,the polishing-similar surface will be achieved for several materials.The ductile grinding can induce an increase of the max surface compressive stress and avoid longitudinal micro-cracks which reduce the glass surface strength,so it is a reasonable grinding mode for glass surface strength improvement.


Capacitated Arc Routing Problem (CARP) has drawn much attention during the last few years because of its applications in the real world. Recently, we developed a Memetic Algorithm with Extended Neighborhood Search (MAENS), which is powerful in solving CARP. The excellent performance of MAENS is mainly due to one of its local search operators, namely the Merge-Split (MS) operator. However, the higher computational complexity of the MS operator compared to traditional local search operators remains as the major drawback of MAENS, especially when applying it to large-size instances. In this paper, we propose a heuristic candidate list strategy to sample the neighbors generated by the MS operator instead of enumerating or sampling them randomly, in order to avoid unnecessary callings of the MS operator during local search. Based on the strategy, an improved algorithm of MAENS, namely MAENS-II, is developed. Experimental results on benchmark instances showed that MAENS-II managed to obtain the same level of solution quality as MAENS with much less computational time. This should be credited to the utilization of the proposed heuristic strategy. On the other hand, in case both MAENS and MAENS-II were provided comparable computational time, MAENS-II outperformed MAENS in terms of solution quality.


This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. Journal of the Ceylon College of Physicians, 2020, 51, 132-135 Abeysundara PK, Nishad AAN, Perera WNM, De Silva H, Piyarathne R, Rathnayaka RMPM, Arulmoly K, Umakanth M, Premaratna R, Tilakaratne Y


The results of investigations of complexformation of GeCl 4 , SnCl 4 with hydrazides and hydrazones were generalized. An effective method of synthesis of complexes Sn(IV) was proposed and identified the factors that determine their composition, structure , ligands coordination form and a ntimicrobial activity


HIGHLIGHTS REDD+ political events in DRC are mainly driven by international organizations and non-governmental organizations with limited involvement of government agencies. Requiring participation does not address the underlying problem of power and politics in DRC. The absence of cross-sectoral ministries involvement in REDD+ coupled with their limited impacts on overall policy outcomes demonstrates challenges in ensuring political commitment and national ownership of government in REDD+ in DRC. REDD+ is treated as a project conducted by external actors rather than being embedded in national politics. Effective, efficient and equitable implementation of REDD+ in DRC not only requires inclusive decision-making processes but also sustained political commitment and ownership by government. SUMMARY The Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) has implemented Reduced Emissions from Deforestation and forest Degradation (REDD+), a process that requires inclusive decision making and accountability. Our research analyses the participation of policy actors in DRC by asking: (1) Who is involved in national REDD+ policy making and what is their interest in participating in core policy events? (2) What level of participation do the different political actors have in core policy events? (3) To what extent do the outcomes, of REDD+ policy events incorporate different preferences of policy actors? We found that although actors' interest in REDD+ policy events have increased over time, their concerns have rarely been taken into account in decision-making processes. The presence of local civil society and indigenous group organizations is weak while international organizations play a major role in the REDD+ arena. REDD+ is treated as a project rather than being embedded in national politics.


Abstract Dioscorea sansibarensis bulbils are well known for their toxicity and medicinal applications. In this study, the attraction and mortality of the Phaseolus vulgaris weevil (Bruchus chinensis) caused by Dioscorea sansibarensis bulbil oil was examined in a Completely Randomized Design experiment using a Y-tube olfactometer on a laboratory bench. Statistical analysis at P < 0.05 showed 10 µL had an attraction of 42.67%. In the case of mortality, the results showed that Phaseolus vulgaris seeds treated with 40 µL of the bulbil oil had a harmonic mean of 55.8% mortality of the weevil population, which was higher than with 10 µL of Actellic 50 EC. GC-MS analysis identified 17 compounds in the bulbil oil, the main constituents of which were 2- pentanone, 4-hydroxy-4-methyl- (17.8%), phenol, 4-ethyl- (11.41%), hexadecanoic acid, methyl ester (11.05%), phenol (7.35%), 9-octadecenoic acid, (E)- (7.2%) and phenol, 4-ethyl-2-methoxy- (7.14%). Attraction by bulbil oil may have been due to the presence of phenolic compounds, and mortality may have been due to hexadecanoic acid, methyl ester and 9-octadecenoic acid, (E)-. Attractants are used for the surveillance and detection of an infestation in stored products. The added advantage of the bulbil oil to cause mortality makes Dioscorea sansibarensis bulbil oil useful in the formulation of a botanical pesticide in stored pest management.


Following Martin and Rose's (2007) Systemic Functional Linguistics (SFL) approach, this paper, adopting qualitative analysis, analyzed Barack Hussein Obama's Inaugural Address "new era of responsibility" from the perspective of Appraisal System. Martin and Rose (2007) divided Appraisal System into three distinct sub-systems: Source (Engagement), Amplification, and Attitude. In the process of detailed analysis, this paper focused on Obama's Attitude, the feelings, and values that are negotiated with the audience (Affect, Judgment, and Appreciation), towards his speech. Analyzing the data that falls under the genre of political discourse, it could be inferred that the address employed three kinds of Attitudes; Affect, Judgment, and Appreciation. The findings of the study revealed that Obama's speech was full of hope and a positive attitude toward the future of the United States. The president used accessible language but still formal; he used affirmative and simple direct sentences in his speech, so he can easily shorten the distance between him and the audience.


Elaborates on the key issues in developing Mandatory Code for Ships Operating in Polar Waters and analyzes factors influencing the policy selection of the interested parties in order to propose suggestions for China participating in the follow-up development and amendment of the Polar Code and to better voice China's interest demands.


Let V be a generic complete intersection of hypersurfaces of degree dl, d2, , dm in n-dimensional projective space. We study the question when a divisor on V is nonrational or of general type, and give an alternative proof of a result of Ein. We also give some improvement of Ein's result in the case dl + d2 + + dm = n + 2. 0. INTRODUCTION Let V be a generic complete intersection of hypersurfaces of degree dl, d2, , dm in P'. A conjecture of Kobayashi (cf. [L]) states that V is hyperbolic if d = d, + d2 + . ?+ dm > n +2. In general, S. Lang [L] has conjectured that a variety X is hyperbolic if and only if every subvariety of X is of general type. In this paper, we will prove the following Theorem 1. Let V be a complete intersection of m generic hypersurfaces of degree di I d2,... , dm in pn, M c V a reduced and irreducible divisor, pg(M) the geometric genus of the desingularization of M. Assume that 1 2 for all i. Then (1) ps(M)>nif d=dl+d2 + +?dm > n+2, (2) Mis of general type if d= di+d2+ +dm> n+2. In [E1,E2], Ein has shown that M is nonrational if d > n + 2, and is of general type if d > n + 2. Here we are going to give an alternative proof of it. Ein also proved that every subvariety of V of dimension 1 is nonrational if d > 2n m 1+ 1, and is of general type if d > 2n m I + 1. Therefore the improvement we made here is in the case d = n + 2 and I = n m 1. In particular, we conclude that the divisor M can not be an abelian variety. If a variety X is hyperbolic, then every rational map of an abelian variety or Pl into X is constant. On the other hand, Lang [L] conjectured that this condition is also sufficient for X to be hyperbolic. If V is a generic hypersurface in pn, it was first shown by Clemens [CKM] that V contains no rational curves, if deg V > n 1. In [Xl], we study generic surfaces in P3, obtain that every curve C on S has geometric genus g(C) > 1d(d 3) 2 (d =deg S), and the bound is sharp. We also obtain results about divisors on a generic hypersurface in pn. In [X2], we generalize these results to some nongeneric cases. Received by the editors August 5, 1995. 1991 Mathematics Subject Classification. Primary 14J70, 14B07. Partially Supported by NSF grant DMS-9401547. (?)1996 American Mathematical Society 2725 This content downloaded from 18.104.22.168 on Thu, 06 Oct 2016 04:56:22 UTC All use subject to http://about.jstor.org/terms


216 Background: Chemotherapy is one of the main treatments for cancer and is associated in many cancers with significant benefits in overall and disease-free survival. Nevertheless, it is also associated with adverse effects that may lead to hospitalizations in older patients with comorbidities or decreased general status. We aimed to identify factors associated with hospital admissions in this population. Methods: Records of cancer patients 70 years-old or older who received adjuvant chemotherapy or first line chemotherapy for a cancer in a single center were retrospectively reviewed. Demographic, disease and treatment data were extracted. Factors associated with hospitalizations during chemotherapy treatment were evaluated in a univariate analysis with the x2 or the Fisher's exact test. Factors identified were fitted in a multivariate regression model. Results: Among the 276 patients included in the study, 117 (42.4%) were male and 159 (57.6%) were female. Most patients (53.6%) were 70 to 75 years-old, but there were also significant proportions of patients that were 76 to 80 years-old and above age 80 (29.0% and 17.4% respectively). Chemotherapy was given in the adjuvant setting in 51.1% of patients and in the first line metastatic setting in 48.9% of patients. Treatment was with single chemotherapy drug in 22.8% of patients and poly-chemotherapy was given in 77.2% of patients. One hundred and six patients (38.4%) had a hospital admission during or up to a month after their chemotherapy treatment. Factors associated with admission in the multivariate analysis included ECOG PS > 1 (p = 0.04, odds ratio 1.4, 95% CI: 1.0-1.9) and hypoalbuminemia (p = 0.03, odds ratio 0.94, 95% CI: 0.88-0.99). Among the 174 patients that had a good PS (ECOG PS = 0 or 1) and normal albumin, only 28.7% had been hospitalized during treatment, while 62.3% of the 77 patients with PS of 2 or 3, hypoalbuminemia or both were hospitalized during or within the month after completion of treatment. Conclusions: Good ECOG PS in combination with a normal albumin is predictive of lower hospitalization rate in cancer patients 70 years-old and older receiving chemotherapy.


FIELD: roads. SUBSTANCE: invention relates to methods for signalling coverage of local area with a road and can be used in cases of use of wire-wave or seismic detection means with an extended linear part (ELP) for signalling coverage of roads and paths of their bypass. Method comprises deploying ELP of one detection means on an area such that it lies across road and bypass paths on right and left, as well as section length, 10 times greater than width of detection zone of detection means, lies along road in close proximity to it so that road is in detection zone throughout length of this section, issuing alarm signal of detection means upon observing offender in detection zone, and determining point of intrusion - movement of offender on road or bypass thereof using an algorithm, which establishes duration of obtained alarm signal from detection means to one of two non-overlapping ranges of time intervals, calculated analytically for each point of intrusion with due allowance for maximum and minimum possible speed of offender, width of detection zone, length of ELP, deployed along road, and time of transition of detection means to standby mode after offender exits detection zone. Method includes a preparatory step with deployment according to developed scheme of ELP of detection means on local section of area with road and a main step, which begins with detection of offender and ends with determination of point of intrusion (movement of offender on road or bypassing it). EFFECT: technical result consists in determining point of intrusion of local area with road (movement of detected offender on road or bypassing it) using only one detection means. 1 cl, 9 dwg


In this paper, we report the catalyst-free growth of nanowires utilizing selective-area metalorganic vapor-phase epitaxy (SA-MOVPE) and their application to FETs. InAs nanowire FETs with Schottky gate resulted in large gate leakage current. But the leakage current was suppressed by using a MIS gate structure, and good saturation characteristics as FET were obtained.


Design a new type of grinding machine,which composes sandpaper,fan blade,suction hood,handle and a box dust storage.The machine includes polish,sweep clear and vacuum functions to itself.


Abstract : A direct method for determining real height from virtual height data has been applied to two ionograms from data recorded at Boulder, Colorado and Garchy, France. The initial height was obtained by a modification of the one-start procedure of Howe and McKinnis. The real height results obtained from the two ionograms were in good agreement with previously-reported accurate numerical calculations. To provide a simpler procedure for performing the required integration and thus make the present method more rapid and convenient, the virtual height data have been modeled in terms of polynomial governed by a single parameter. The parameter was determined by comparison of the model with the data. The results using the model were in good agreement with those obtained by direct use of the data. The present method affords a simple and convenient means of obtaining real height from virtual height data, within the accuracy of the experimental data. (Author)


Abstract As of 2017, more individuals in the U.S. die at home than in any other location. Hospice care was designed to provide support for people who are dying and their families. However, dying persons may have rapidly emerging needs that home hospice does not immediately meet, thereby, exposing family members to be "first responders." Thus, home death may result in distress and burden for dying individuals' family members, even when hospice is involved. This study uses multivariable regression analysis to explore the relationship between place of death and stressful end-of-life experiences in a sample of 185 patients with advanced cancer. We also analyze which end-of-life experiences are associated with death location. Compared to home hospice death, we found dying in a hospital was associated with fewer caregiver exposures to, and reports of fearfulness and helplessness in response to, stressful end-of-life events. Compared to home hospice death, hospital death was associated with decreased frequency of choking, falls, confusion/delirium, and feeling the patient has had enough. It was also associated with less fearfulness about choking and falls and less hopelessness about falls, the patient having enough, and thinking the patient was dead. Our results suggest home death with hospice care, often involves undesirable experiences that result in more caregiver fear and helplessness than dying in a hospital without hospice care. Research is needed to understand how to best support family members through stressful end-of-life experiences even when supported by home hospice services.


In the present paper, the physical experiments and numerical simulations on the failure of concrete model were carried out to investigate the effect of SCA (soundless cracking agent). The test results show that the failure pattern of the concrete model with a single hole is not similar to the excavating marble, where a second crack initiated on the symmetric point after a crack formed in the model as commonly considered, but three main cracks formed in the model. In addition, the numerical results reproduced the whole process of the crack initiation, propagation, and coalescence.


Iron powder reacts with dipicolinic acid (H2dipic) in pyridine at 110 °C to give the heptacoordinate iron(II) complex [C5H5NH][Fe(dipic)(Hdipic)(C5H5N)2]; the (Hdipic)– ligand binds to the metal centre solely through the oxygen atoms of one carboxylate group, the first example of this coordination mode at iron. Upon dissolution in pyridine under aerobic conditions this complex transforms into the oxo-bridged diiron(III) species [Fe2(μ-O)(dipic)2(C5H5N)4], which possesses a linear Fe–O–Fe axis. Quinaldic acid (Hquin) reacts withiron powder in pyridine at 110 °C to give [Fe(quin)2(C5H5N)2],analogous to the corresponding reactivity of picolinic acid. This complex is converted into trans-[Fe(quin)2(MeOH)2] or [Fe2(μ-O)(quin)4(dmf)2] in methanol or DMF respectively. The formation of an iron(II) complex in the reaction with methanol differs markedly from the picolinate system. (© Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2005)


We propose a method for finding the algebraic curve that fits multi-dimensional data. An algebraic curve in n dimensional space is generally defined by n-1 polynomial expressions. The proposed method finds the n-1 polynomial expressions of the algebraic curve for n dimensional data. The sum of the squares' distances from the data point to the nearest point on the curve is minimum.


The invention is concerned with wear-resisting build up deposited electrode with high efficiency and high rigidity. It relates to Phi4 H08A cored wire, covering with Phi9 outer diameter. The compose of covering is 3 to 5 percent of silver-graphite, 2 to 6 percent of Boron carbide, 2 to 3 percent of carborundum, 3 to 5 percent of ferromolybdenum, 3 to 5 percent of ferrovanadium, 5 to 10 percent of tungsten carbide, 8 to 16 percent of high carbon ferrochrome, 2 to 3 percent of manganese and 72 percent of iron powder. It changes the existing covering structure by adding lots of iron powder, some kinds of alloy element without adding any ore powder. This method increases the melting efficiency and deposition efficiency with buildup deposited metal rigidity of HRC65 to 68 and certain obdurability and without knocking the sediment in the middle of the multi-pathway and multi-layer to continuous build up deposited welding. This is fit for carbon construct ional steel, the buildup deposited welding to low alloy steel and some middle, high alloy steels, and the wear-resisting situation to the abrasion of milling grain.


The author's methods of factor analysis are set out, which make it possible to form an opinion about changes in the financial position of an enterprise in a more affordable and less time-consuming way and to assess the degree of factors influence on the changes of the investigated indicators in the economic system and the trends of its change. A numerical material is showed, which is confirmed by traditional methods of factor analysis. Besides, in the works of E.A. Filatov the following conclusions about the nature of "indecomposable balance" are mathematically proved: the balance is not an error in the calculations (performed by traditional methods) of factor indicators' impact on the productive indicator; the balance does not refer to the action of only qualitative factors; the balance does not refer to the action of only quantitative factors; the balance is the result of the joint influence of all the factors involved in the calculations; the value of the balance is strongly dependent on the change of each factor value involved in the calculations; positive and negative value of the balance depends on the sequence of assessment of the impact of factors (without regarding to the extensiveness or intensity of factors).


The small pogonophore Siboglinum poseidoni, which lives in symbiosis with intracellular methanotrophic bacteria, was investigated with respect to its oxidation of higher homologues of methane. Ethane and propane were readily consumed if supplied together with methane and, at a considerably lower rate, in the absence of methane. Consumption of butane could not be detected. The addition of ethane or propane in equal amounts to methane always resulted In a decrease in methane consumption rate. Like all methanotrophic bacteria the endosymbionts of S. posejdoni are also capable of ammonia oxidation. Homogenates of bacteria-containing posterior parts of this organism incubated with ammonia or hydroxylamine oxidized these compounds to nitrite, while symbiont-free anterior parts were nearly inactive in this respect. Ammonia in high concentrations (> 0.05 %) had an inhibitory effect on methane oxidation rates of S. poseidoni. The relevance of these activities in the natural habitat of this pogonophore is discussed. Since ethane and propane are present only as constituents of gas adsorbed to sediment particles and only in low concentrations compared to methane, the in situ utilization of these compounds is unlikely. Ammonia, however, being present at concentrations about 2 orders of magnitude higher than those of methane, could well serve as an additional energy source, especially in periods of low methane supply.


We present exact expressions for hysteresis loops in the ferromagnetic random field Ising model in the limit of zero temperature and zero driving frequency for an arbitrary initial state of the model on a Bethe lattice. This work extends earlier results that were restricted to an initial state with all spins pointing parallel to each other.


Papers presented at the Conference on the Role of the University and its Role in Zimbabwe, held in Sept. 1981 at the University of Zimbabwe.


While attending on an inpatient medical service recently, I cared for an older man with end-stage renal disease, dementia, severe aortic stenosis, and


The presentation looks at how we eat and how that affects the climate, environment (and health). The potentials to reduce the impact is explored and carbon footprint and life cycle assessment of food is introduced.


Geosciences and Geographic -information realms present several common aspects and share common data (i.e. they both generate, manage and use geospatial data). Nevertheless, they have been developing their own semantics, schemas and tools, which very often are not completely interoperable. That is the case of ncML (netCDF Markup Language) and GML (Geography Markup Language) content/semantics. Such issue is one of the main motivations for developing the presented ncML extension called ncML-GML. NcML-GML leverages the ncML ability to encode multi- dimensional arrays, and the wide acceptance of GML for encoding geospatial coverage. Based on GML 3.1.1 grammar, ncML-GML implements one of the possible encodings of a general interoperability model (i.e. both abstract and content interoperability models) which reconciles typical atmospheric sciences and geospatial data models. In this paper we describe the recently released version: ncML-GML ver. 0.7.3. The motivation, objectives and the newly-developed schemas are described and discussed. We also present the API (called N2G) developed to support ncML-GML documents as being used in the framework of GALEON IE - an OGC interoperability experiment which aims at extending the OGC WCS specification in order to support netCDF datasets. The role played by the ncML- GML in this experiment is presented and discussed.


Time-based prospective memory refers to the ability to remember to execute a delayed intention after a specific time. In this study, for the first time, a time-based prospective memory task was applied in a sample of 42 kindergarten children (age range: 62 to 87 months) while simultaneously playing a game of Memory/Pairs as the continuous ongoing activity. Significant age differences were identified, as prospective task performance was positively correlated with age. Still, even the youngest children were able to perform the time-based memory task at a basic level. In addition, time-based prospective memory performance was associated with processing speed and working memory. These findings indicate that already by kindergarten age, children are able to remember to carry out a delayed intention on their own initiative. Yet, this ability still develops over time. A possible mechanism in time-based prospective memory development might be seen in the development of working memory resources.


Linking of college P. E. and lifetime P. E. is one of the hot topics at present. With lifetime P. E. as guiding principle, and linked with joyful physical teaching, this article discusses college physical teaching reform.


The effects of the methanol flow rate,air flow rate,temperature,cathode back pressure and methanol concentration on the performance of a direct methanol fuel cell(DMFC) were studied.The results show that the fuel cell performance increases first and then decreases when the methanol flow rate is increased,i.e.,there exists an optimal methanol flow rate.The increasing air flow rate helps to exhaust the cathode water,so that the fuel cell performance is improved.Also,the fuel cell performance increases when the fuel cell temperature rises.The excessive air preheating temperature makes the cathode dehydration,thus reduces the fuel cell performance.The effect of methanol concentration on the performance of fuel cell is mainly due to the methanol permeability.There exists an optimal methanol concentration to make the fuel cell performance best.The experiments show that the cathode back pressure can effectively suppress the methanol permeation.


Based on the summary of the experiences of success and failure of the enterprises, and starting from the parenchyma of the technical innovation, this paper analyzes the important functions of the marketing, and points out how to realize the marketing-oriented technical innovation from three aspects of that the technical innovation should externalize the market demand, the combination of the technical innovation and the marketing should be realized through the organizational innovation, and the enterprise's technical innovation should serve the regional economic development strategy.


The relative suitability of the organic polymers poly[5,7-dodecadiyn-1,12-diol-bis(n-butoxycarbonylmethylure-thane)] [poly(4-BCMU)] and poly[2,4-hexadiyn-1,6-diol-bis(p-toluenesulfonate)] (PTS) for fabricating low-loss nonlinear-optical waveguides was evaluated. Several-centimeter-long amorphous poly(4-BCMU) thin-film slab waveguides were easily fabricated by spin-coating techniques. The loss for these waveguides at 0.83 μm was estimated from intensity measurements of propagating light scattered from the waveguide surface. The observed scattering losses varied from less than 20 dB/cm to more than 20 dB/cm. The measured intrinsic absorption loss of poly(4-BCMU) was found to be less than 0.1 cm−1 in the infrared and was not expected to add greater than a 1-dB/cm power loss to a waveguide. 1–3-mm-long anisotropic, crystalline PTS thin-film slab waveguides were prepared by solution shear methods and showed negligible scattering losses at 0.83 μm. The measured intrinsic absorption in PTS varies from 2 cm−1 at 0.83 μm to less than 1 cm−1 at greater than 1 μm and may cause the directly measured power loss in PTS waveguides to be no more than 8 dB/cm.


This paper is concerned with the problem of routing for mobile wireless sensor networks.Two key factors are analyzed in this routing algorithm:distance and residual energy.A Gauss clustering routing algorithm(GCRA)is proposed.In GCRA,the optimum distance between cluster heads is set as the mean,the standard deviation is determined by target nodes.Residual energy and average energy of target nodes are also concerned in GCRA.And the node to be a cluster head is defined by the distance to the known cluster heads.In the phase of clustering,the nearest cluster head to the node is selected as its final cluster node.Comparing with LEACH and CMCRP in the wireless sensor network,the simulation illustrates that the GCRA prolongs the network lifetime highly and enhances the quantity of the received data heavily.


In order to master the Complete Film Mulch technique and to obtain scientific statistics for its extension, Lincang Sugarcane Technology Extension Station performed a comparison test on Complete Film Mulch in cane field of Lincang cane area in 2013~2014. The result showed that Complete Film Mulch was better than both checks, and the net profit increased 12598.00 and 16068.60 yuan/hm2 compared with that of Furrow Film Mulch and that of no film mulch, respectively.


Items S1 (full time scale datasets), (S2) diffusion model details, and S3 (priming durations for eruptions with published time-scale data).


The endogenous technology literature usually treats human capital as proportional to the population level. As a result, it finds a linear relationship between the population size or growth rate and technological improvement. In this paper I introduce human capital investment in an endogenous technology framework. It is shown that population affects technological improvement both directly and through the stream of human capital, with technology also having a feedback effect on the latter. These multiple effects of demographic factors on R&D, human capital and economic growth can explain certain facts, such as the growth patterns of the last two centuries. * The material in this paper draws on my PhD dissertation and is not to be identified with the position of the Office for National Statistics.


The Scandinavian firm CF Moller has been designing healthcare buildings to high acclaim since 1931. Guided by humanistic values from the outset, they have developed three design principles that they apply to every commission, to favour patients' empowerment in the healing process. Julian Weyer, one of the practice's current partners, sets out these principles and explains how they have shaped several of their recent projects in Denmark: from a rural hospice, to a city-integrated care centre, to the country's largest hospital, townlike in scale and arrangement.


The paper analyzes the acmeological result of student research activity in the process of learning mathematics. A basic attention focuses on reconstructive research of the subject of training activities during the formation of the target generalized training and research activities. The study presents the results of acmeological development of students in the process of mastering the genetic relationship of educational and professional activities, peculiarities of its structure and form of existence in developing teaching methods.


A complex body plan would not be possible without the evolution of the epithelial to mesenchymal (EMT) transition. This primer introduces the hallmarks of EMT, molecular mechanisms underlying the process, and its role in development and disease. Accompanying the primer is a discussion of current topics in the field with EMT experts Angela Nieto, Ph.D., and Jean Paul Thiery, Ph.D. Developmental Dynamics 237:2769–2774, 2008. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.


An analysis of the influence of a number of German Railways' vehicles on the permanent way shows that the Soviet method of calculation is applicable in principle to conditions existing for the German Railways, indicating also some prerequisites that must be fulfilled in this respect. The influence of definite permanent way and vehicle characteristics on the state of stress of the rails could be elaborated.


The high penetration of distributed generation in distribution grids and the development of microgrids may cause the malfunctioning of the conventional distribution level protection systems. Despite multiple works dedicated to addressing this problem, the development of reliable, high-speed, and cost-efficient protection systems for active grids remains a topical issue. This study proposes a protection system for medium voltage lines that relies entirely on the analytical description of travelling wave transients. This protection uses only local high-frequency current measurements and power-frequency voltage measurements, which potentially makes it a low-cost yet reliable solution. The protection system operates securely by not tripping healthy lines in case of disturbances that do not lead to any faults. The proposed protection is tested on the IEEE 34-bus distribution system with distributed generation.


Background: Shaken baby syndrome (SBS) is a form of abuse that is characterized by brain injury and predominantly impacts neurological functioning.[1]It is a non-accidental traumatic injury resulting from the violent shaking of an infant or child.[1,2] Other names for this condition include whiplash shaken infant syndrome, abusive head trauma, shaken impact syndrome, whiplash shake syndrome and non-accidental or intentional head injury but shaken baby syndrome is the most widely used and recognized term;[3] Methods: Frequencies, percentages, tables and Charts was used to analyze obtained responses with the aid of SPSS version 17.0. Chi-square Tests was also conducted. Results: No statistically significant association was seen between knowledge of shaken baby syndrome and highest level of education (X2= 3.536, p= 0.316); No statistically significant association was also seen between knowledge of Shaken Baby Syndrome and gender (X20.329, p=0.848); and there was no statistically significant difference between wrong practices leading to Shaken baby syndrome and marital status (X2 = 0.353, p= 0.838). Conclusion : The knowledge of Shaken Baby Syndrome was commendable in this study. DOI : 10.7176/JHMN/67-11 Publication date :October 31 st 2019


This paper offers a reading of the strange book written during the 1980s by the media philosopher Vilem Flusser entitled Vampyroteuthis Infernalis, recently translated into French. Through this unsettling fable with a deep-sea octopus as a subject, Flusser describes our new algorithmic and digital world as the other side of a world to which we got used to before its advent. We discover a universe full of bioluminescent filters, immediate mediations, brain sculptures and so-called "data" that actually represent "plugs".


In this thesis we discuss various aspects of topological string theories. In particular we provide a derivation of the holomorphic anomaly equation for open strings and study aspects of the Ooguri, Strominger, and Vafa conjecture. Topological string theory is a computable theory. The amplitudes of the closed topological string satisfy a holomorphic anomaly equation, which is a recursive differential equation. Recently this equation has been extended to the open topological string. We discuss the derivation of this open holomorphic anomaly equation. We find that open topological string amplitudes have new anomalies that spoil the recursive structure of the equation and introduce dependence on wrong moduli (such as complex structure moduli in the A-model), unless the disk one-point functions vanish. We also show that a general solution to the extended holomorphic anomaly equation for the open topological string on D-branes in a Calabi-Yau manifold, is obtained from the general solution to the holomorphic anomaly equations for the closed topological string on the same manifold, by shifting the closed string moduli by amounts proportional to the 't Hooft coupling. An important application of closed topological string theory is the Ooguri, Strominger, and Vafa conjecture, which states that a certain black hole partition function is a product of topological and anti-topological string partition functions. However when the black hole has finite size, the relation becomes complicated. In a specific example, we find a new factorization rule in terms of a pair of functions which we interpret as the "non-perturbative' completion of the topological string partition functions.


Mandarin is the common language of the Han people,while Lincang dialect is a branch of Yunnan sub-dialect in the southwest area of modern Chinese north dialect.There is an internal and extensive connection as well as obvious distinctions between Mandarin and Lincang dialect.A comparative study on the phonetic systems between Lincang dialect and Mandarin will enlarge the research area of Chinese dialects and reveal the history and law of Lincang dialect and promote the teaching and testing of Mandarin.


In this paper we describe several existing knowledge representation formats for interactive exercises and how these address the representational needs of mathematical exercises. The paper also provides an overview of existing tools that support these formats such as players, rendering exercises and the role of mathematical services assisting these players. Since most of the developers of this family of languages have the same goal, it is now more possible than before, to reach a common representation format. Having this in mind, we discuss features, limitations and the interoperability between them.


Everyday modern electronic programmable systems are performing more and more safety-critical tasks. Due to electromagnetic interference (EMI), these systems potentially violate their predefined safety goals. Appropriate actions must be taken to ensure the system's integrity. This paper looks at proposed safety standard techniques in the light of EMI. Redundancy and error detection and correction schemes are not only reviewed, but recommendations are provided to increase the EMI-resiliency of the considered system.


Eight new 1-(1H-1,2,4-triazolyl)-1-Cycloalkyl-(Sub)phenylmathanol compounds were synthesized through the reaction of 1-(1H-1,2,4-triazolyl)-1-(sub)benzoyl-cycloalkane with KBH_4, which were identified by IR, ?~1?H NMR, MS and elemental analysis. The reactive properties and spectrum data were also discussed. Biological activity data indicated that some of the above compounds had good inhibitory action on Puccinia recondite in wheat.


A diagrammatic technique is derived for calculating processes involving the production of large numbers of particles. As an example, the amplitude of three particles scattering into [ital n] particles at the kinematical threshold in [lambda][phi][sup 4] theory is calculated. From the 3[r arrow][ital n] amplitude, it is seen that the one-loop amplitude for 2[r arrow][ital n] processes is suppressed by a factor of 1/[ital n].


The present work is the first of three papers dealing with records and distribution data for the species-level taxa of Chironomidae currently known to occur in Ireland. Distribution data has been compiled from a variety of sources but the majority of records cited have not been published previously. This paper, Part 1, contains approximately 4,360 records of 84 species in the subfamilies Buchonomyiinae, Podonominae, Tanypodinae, Telmatogetoninae, Diamesinae and Prodiamesinae. It is dedicated to the memory of E. J. Fittkau, 1927-2012.


The lattice filter is often used in spectral analysis problems. Once the reflection coefficients {c_{k}} are found, the task remains of extracting spectral information from them. Frequently this is done by DFT methods. An appealing alternative is to find the poles (modes) of the lattice directly. In this paper, we present an algorithm for computing the poles of the lattice directly from the {c_{k}} . The algorithm is based on the continued fraction expansion representation for the transfer function of the lattice. When applied to a sinusoid in noise, the algorithm found the poles, and hence the sinusoid's frequency, in less time than it took using a DFT-based peak detector. Another efficient algorithm is presented which computes the number of poles lying outside the unit circle. It is also based on information obtained directly from the {c_{k}} and employs only integer addition. Finally, it is shown that, by an adaptation of this algorithm, the number of poles lying in an annulus R can be determined.


The dynamics of a charged two-qubit system prepared initially in a maximum entangled state is discussed, where each qubit interacts independently with a dephasing channel. The Fisher information is used to estimate the channel and the energy parameters. Moreover, the contribution from different parts of Fisher information is discussed. We show that, the degree of estimation of any parameter depends on the initial value of this parameter. It turns out that the upper bounds of Fisher information with respect to the dephasing parameter increase and that corresponding to coupling parameter decreases as the initial energy of each qubit increases.


Four kinds of drying treatment process (air-dried, de-enzyming, sulfuring, oven-dried) were applied in this paper to investigate the influences of drying technology on the chemical composition and antimicrobial activity of star anise essential oil. There were some differences on chemical composition and antimicrobial activity of essential oil derived from four drying processes. A total of 36 compounds were identified by Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometer (GC-MS) from EOA and trans-anethole (83.09%), estragole (5.28%), limonene (2.18%) and linalool (1.67%) were found to be the majority of components. By contrast, oven-drying could significantly reduce the content and composition of star anise essential oil while the other two drying processes had a slight change on the profile of star anise essential oil. As for the antimicrobial activity, the essential oil from air-dried and oven-dried samples showed stronger antimicrobial activity while E. coli was the most resistant strain according to the diameter of inhibition zone (DIZ), minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) detection. Results revealed that the star anise essential oil had potential for exploitation and application as antibacterial agent in food industries.


This report presents a review of the activities of the Toxic Hazards Research Unit (THRU) for the period of 16 November 1990 through 30 September 1991. Research activities included in this report cover the completion or continuation of studies that were initiated during the previous THRU contract and studies that were initiated under the present contract for the operation of the THRU. Toxicologic evaluations of aerospace and naval chemicals included studies on a component to be used in an explosive formulation, jet fuels, solvents, hydraulic fluids, a torpedo propellant, combustion products, chemical agent simulants, Halon replacements, jet engine oil, and toxic dust and smoke. In addition to the toxicologic investigations, the THRU coordinated a toxicology conference on risk assessment and two expert workshops on military toxicology issues. The overall THRU effort addressed important descriptive, mechanistic, and predictive toxicology data needs of the Air Force and Navy.


Two- and three-magnon excitations are observed both in the midinfrared absorption and Raman scattering spectrum of $\ensuremath{\alpha}\text{\ensuremath{-}}{\mathrm{Fe}}_{2}{\mathrm{O}}_{3}$ crystals. The polarization and temperature dependence of these signals are well understood by group-theoretical analysis, and the microscopic mechanism is discussed for the midinfrared absorption due to two- and three-magnon excitations.


AIM: To investigate the single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the METTL4 gene which was mapped to 18p11.31, and the relationship between the SNPs and high myopia. METHODS: Genomic DNA was collected from 71 control subjects and 177 individuals with high myopia. Among them, there were 59 autosomal dominant high myopia probands (AD group), 46 autosomal recessive probands (AR group) and 72 patients non-transmitted (SF group). The exons of METTL4 gene were analyzed by polymerase chain reaction, heteroduplex-single strand conformation polymorphism (HA-SSCP) and sequencing. RESULTS: There were 2 SNPs of METTL4 gene in high myopia individuals and control subjects: SNP7438A→C, Glu230Asp, which hadn't been reported in GenBank;and SNP131C→A, Gln310Lys. SNP7438A→C genotypes between controls and high myopia groups were not different. SNP131C→A genotypes between controls and AR or SF groups were not different, while SNP131C→A genotypes showed a significant difference between AD group and control subjects. CONCLUSION: In METTL4 gene, SNP7438A→C is not responsible for high myopia. Further studies are needed to confirm whether SNP131C→A is responsible for autosomal dominant high myopia.


 Akira YONEDA 2 伊藤 英司  Eiji ITO 2 Measurements of thermal conduction for materials in the Earth's upper mantle and the transition zone under high pressure have been developed by using a Kawai-type apparatus, with a one-dimensional plane pulse-heating method. This method is a predominant one for study in mantle materials under pressure because it requires comparatively small amount of sample and is applicable to materials with anisotropy in thermal conduction. Thermal conductivities and thermal diffusivities of olivine, garnet, pyroxenes, diffusivity,


ABSTRACT Though Minsky developed a compelling verbal model of the 'Financial Instability Hypothesis' (FIH), he abandoned his early attempts to build a mathematical model. I show that the essential characteristics of Minsky's hypothesis are emergent properties of a complex systems macroeconomic model which is derived directly from macroeconomic definitions, augmented by the simplest possible assumptions for relations between system states, and the simplest possible behavioural postulates. I also show that credit is an essential component of aggregate demand and aggregate income, given that bank lending creates money. Minsky's Financial Instability Hypothesis is thus derived from sound macrofoundations. This stylized complex-systems model reproduces both the core predictions of Minsky's verbal hypothesis, and empirical properties of the real world which have defied Neoclassical understanding, which were not predictions of Minsky's verbal model: the occurrence of a 'Great Moderation' — a period of diminishing cycles in employment, inflation, and economic growth — prior to a 'Minsky Moment' crisis; and a tendency for inequality to rise over time. The simulations in this paper use the Open Source system dynamics programme Minsky, which was named in Minsky's honour.


googleplaces uses the Google Places API Web Service to retrieve search results from Google Places, the database of places that supports Google Maps, Google+ and many other location-based web services. googleplaces returns detailed place information for each search and can execute a regular text search using keywords that you would enter into the Google search webpage or a nearby search using a set of coordinates to retrieve results for places within a specified radius. Each search result provides the full place name, geocoded coordinates, and full address, with the capability to gather additional data such as phone number, price level, customer rating and website of that place if applicable.


Widespread use of electronic-cigarette (EC) "vaping" as a cessation aid or cigarette smoking alternative prompted this investigation into the cardiopulmonary effects of chronic EC vapor inhalation....


A method is proposed for calculating the nitrogen equilibrium partial pressure pN2 of stoichiometric and nonstoichiometric nitrides MNy and carbonitrides MCyN1ÿy (M ˆ Ti, Zr, Hf, V, Nb, Ta) with B1(NaCl)-type structure. Analytic forms are derived for the composition, nonstoichiometry, and temperature dependences of the nitrogen partial pressure of the afore-mentioned compounds. The partial pressure of N2 for the MNy nitride or MCxNy carbonitrides at a given temperature T is found to be proportional to the pressure of nitrogen for MNyc nitride evaporating congruently at that temperature T. The nitrogen partial pressure pN2 …y; T† of titanium nitrides TiNy …0:45 y 1:0† and carbonitrides TiCxNy …0:50 x‡ y 1:0; 0 y 1:0†, vanadium nitrides VNy …0:55 y 1:0† and carbonitrides VCxNy …0:60 x‡ y 1:0; 0 y 1:0†, niobium nitrides NbNy …0:70 y 1:0† and carbonitrides NbCxNy …0:70 x‡ y 1:0; 0 y 1:0† of various compositions at temperatures of 1000 to 2400 K are calculated. The calculation results are compared with the experimental data of literature.


Understanding consumer behavior to achieve a purchase is one of the things that are important to the manufacturer. Manufacturers as marketers must know the factors that affect consumers' buying intentions. Consumers as visual beings that pay attention to the  attractiveness  of  product  packaging.  The  attractiveness  of  product  packaging consisting of images (symbols). In this study the researchers tried to analyze the relationship  of traditional  symbol  appeal  to  the product  packaging and  the value of traditional symbols. Conceptual framework in this research about the importance of the attractiveness of a product packaging that has the characteristic of a symbol needs to be noticed by the manufacturer. The symbolic aspect of packaging is the communication medium between producers and consumers. Symbols tend to be evaluated based on value content based on human perception. The use of traditional symbols in the monggo chocolate pack refers to the shaper of a value perceived by the consumer. The meaning process  of the symbol  in  the benchmark  that  the value of the consumer much less influenced by the symbol in the packaging of a product. the existence of relationships between products and culture, so the symbols affect the attitudes and behavior of consumers, and consequently, it affects the intention to buy. Symbolic values can serve to increase or decrease the chances of a purchase. Openness culture is very important as the main gateway that a consumer wants or not to try to buy a local product that has an emotional closeness with cultural symbols. Keywords : traditional symbols, traditional values, intentions, openness culture.


In the maize plants which are grown as second crop, there are two main pests, Sesamia nonagrioides Lefebvre (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), Ostrinia nubilalis Hubner (Lepidoptera: Crambidae) that need to be controlle d. Spray applications were banned by airplane since 2006 in Turkey. In this work, 6 spraying methods as air ass isted spraying with TX cone jet and domestic cone nozzles, twinjet nozzles, air induction nozzles, and stand ard boom equipped with domestic cone nozzles and tail booms at two application rates (150 and 300 lha -1 ) were used by a sprayer which can be operated at different spraying boom height such as 3.5 m height on ground. All methods were evaluated by measuring deposition and coverage on maize plant and ground deposition for endo-drif poten- tial of methods. All methods were tested at two sta ge of plants in which plant heights were 50-60 cm i n stage I and > 210 cm in stage II. According to the results, it was examined in terms of deposits, statistical differences were determined between the methods in Stage I (plant height 50 to 60 cm) and Stage II plant height > 210 cm). Air-assisted domestic cone nozzles with application volume of 300 lha -1 achieved the highest deposits in both plant stages. The coverage rate at stage I and stag e II on targets for Air-assisted domestic cone nozz le method was 21.3% and 27.6% respectively. However, in stage II, 300 lha -1 application volume of air assisted domestic


Ludwig, K.R. (1991b) Pb data for MS-DOS version 1.21. U.S.G.S. Open File Rep. No. 88-542, 35p. Nair, K.V.K. (1954) Geology of a part of southern Travancore with special reference to the petrology of the syenite at Puttetti. M.Sc. thesis (Unpub.), Univ. of Travancore, 139p. Nair, N.G.K. and Santosh, M. (1985) Geochemistry and petrogenesis of the Puttetti syenite, south India. N. Jb. Miner. Abh., v. 151, pp.


This paper describes structure and technical points of grate' gearing in the gasifier. The author points out that the deign of grate is skillfull and unique,product performance is reliable,so it can be widely applied in grate.


The article shows that the exceptional expressiveness of the Strelka architectural ensemble on St. Petersburg's Vasilyevsky island and its dominant role in the panorama of the Neva's banks was achieved thanks to the coherent interaction of the generated buildings with the existing landscape. The interaction amongst the buildings by themselves is based on virtuosic refinement in the architectural and natural environment. In creating the Bourse complex Thomas de Thomon achieved unique results. He selected architectural images from the existing palette of classicism, and then transferred them to the banks of the Neva using the technique of "Capriccio". He expertly processed them within the given conditions to the center of Saint Petersburg. The work of Tomas de Thomon enriched the ensemble of the main space of the city — the space of the Neva River — by a striking composition in urban planning. The article reflects on the conditions that allowed to ensure the integrity of the implementation of the complex. Success was facilitated by the coincidence of spatial-temporal circumstances. In those years the principles of the ensemble approach began to be applied, increasing Russia's financial potential, strengthening the technological bases of construction, strengthening the control system for design and the field of construction. The article also noted the impact of local factors such as changes in the conditions of land use. Research reflects the role of the stages of formation of the complex. It analyzes in detail not only the ensemble, but the area around the former Collegiate square, irretrievably lost as a result of the chaotic development during the second half of the 19th century. The authors come to the conclusion that the ensemble of the Strelka on Vasilyevsky may be regarded as an outstanding example of relevant architecture. The architect used the principles of the "environmental approach", which allowed for an emotional reflection on the "spirit of place", to ensure the full compliance of parameters of the created complex of landscape characteristics and optimal use of visual, natural and technical resources of the site's development.


Mobile devices such as smartphones are becoming the majority of computing devices due to their evolving capabilities. Currently, service providers such as nancial and healthcare institutions oer se ...


It introduced the development of GPS,discusses the positioning law of PPP technology,and compares PPP technology with RTK.Through a concrete project example,it gets the conclusion that PPP can greatly enhance the using efficiency of GPS receiver and functioning efficiency.


At present, researches on alkali-based geopolymer were mainly conducted under normal temperature or high temperature conditions, while few studies on alkali-based geopolymer under low temperature (


1. Iranian Journal of Microbiology (2010) December 2 (4):198-209. The accession number FJ870987 mentioned in the paper entitled "Molecular epidemiology of zoonotic streptococcosis/lactococcosis in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) aquaculture in Iran" written by Haghighi Karsidani S, Soltani M, Nikbakhat-Brojeni G, Ghasemi M, and Skall HF (Iran J Microbiol. 2010 December; 2(4): 198-209) is a mistake and so the correct accession number is Ir-D GQ850377.


the World, 2nd edn. Dover Publications, New York, NY: xvi + 520 pp.,illustr. HULETT, H. R. (1970). Optimum world population. BioScience, 20, pp. 160-1. IMF (International Monetary Fund) (1977). Note on classification of countries. IMF Survey, 6, p. 254. INTERNATIONAL UNION FOR CONSERVATION OF NATURE AND NATURAL RESOURCES (cited as IUCN) (1980). The World Conservation Strategy. Main report, IUCN, 1196 Gland, Switzerland: 50 pp., illustr. McHALE, J. & McHALE, M. C. (1977). Basic Human Needs: A Framework for Action. Transaction Books, New Brunswick, NJ: 249 pp., illustr. MORRIS, M. D. (1979). Measuring the Condition of the World's Poor: The Physical Quality of Life Index. Pergamon Press, New York, NY: xiv + 176 pp. MYERS, N. (1979). The Sinking Ark: A New Look at the Problem of Disappearing Species. Pergamon, Oxford, England, UK:xiii+3O7pp. ODUM, E. P. (1970). Optimum population and environment: a Georgian microcosm. Current History, 58, pp. 355-9, 365-6. PIMENTEL, D. & PIMENTEL, M. (1979). Food, Energy and Society. Edward Arnold, London, England, UK: viii + 165 pp., illustr. PIRAGES, D. & EHRLICH, P. R. (1972). If all Chinese had wheels. New York Times, 16 March, p. 47. POLUNIN, N. (1980). Suggested actions for the forthcoming 'World Decade of the Biosphere'. Environmental Conservation, 7(4), pp. 271-7. REUTLINGER, S. & SELOWSKY, M. (1976). Malnutrition and poverty: magnitude and policy options. International Bank for Reconstruction and Development, Washington, DC, World Bank Staff Occasional Paper No. 23, xiv + 82 pp. SINGER, S. F. (1971). Environmental quality: When does growth become too expensive? Pp. 156-72 in Is there an Optimum Level of Population? (Ed. S. F. Singer). McGrawHill, New York, NY: xiv + 426 pp. STONE, C. D. (1972). Should trees have standing? Toward legal rights for natural objects. Southern Calif. Law Rev., 45, pp. 450-501. UN (United Nations) (1977). World Population Prospects as Assessed in 1973. UN Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Study No. 60, New York, NY: 183 pp. UN (United Nations) (1979). World Population Trends and Prospects by Country, 1950-2000: Summary Report of the 1978 Assessment. UN Department of International Economic and Social Affaires, Publ. No. ST/ESA/SER.R/33, New York, NY: 98 pp. UNGA (United Nations General Assembly) (1948). Universal Declaration of Human Rights: Resolution No. 217 fill) A of 10 Dec. 1948 in United Nations Yearbook 1948-49, pp. 535-7. WESTING, A. H. (1969). How dense can Vermonters get? Vermont Freeman, 1 (22), pp. 10-1. WESTING, A. H. (1980). Warfare in a Fragile World: Military Impact on the Human Environment. Taylor & Francis, London, England, UK: xiv + 249 pp. WHITTAKER, R. H. & LIKENS, G. E. (1975). Biosphere and Man. Pp. 305-28 in Primary Productivity of the Biosphere. (Ed. H. Lieth & R. H. Whittaker). Springer-Verlag, W. Berlin, W. Germany: viii + 339 pp., illustr. ZISWILER, V. (1967). Extinct and Vanishing Animals: A Biology of Extinction and Survival (trans, from the German and revised by F, & P. Bunnell). Springer-Verlag, New York, NY: x + 133 pp., illustr. APPENDIX


"The official" and "the country staff" were two concepts used in the respective domain and had different consideration based on the goal of regulation of criminal law and administrative law. The connotation of these two words was also changing with the social development after the legislative definition fixed and used universally. From the relationship between these two words, the concept and the extension of "the country staff" were bigger in criminal law than the concept and the extension of "the official" in the administrative law.


If each of the inputs is equally likely, then we just need to sum the probabilities of the inputs that converge at each output to find the output probabilities. Thus: p(B 0) = 0.5 p(B 1) = 0.5 The formula for the input information is given in the lecture notes as: I = − i p(A i) log P (A i). the input information is then equal to I =p(A 00) log 2 1 p(A 00) + p(A 01) log 2 1 p(A 01) + + p(A 10) log 2 1 p(A 10) + p(A 11) log 2


The objective of this work was to study the effects of age of cow at calving (IPV) and age of calf at weaning (IDD) as well as the direct additive genetic effects (AD) and maternal (AM), and the individual heterozygosity (HI) on visual scores of conformation (CD), precocity (PD) and musculature (MD) and average daily weight gain from birth to weaning (GND), for animals used to form the Brangus breed. The study analyzed 53,683, 45,136, 52,937 and 56,471 records on CD, PD, MD and GND, respectively for animals born from 1986 to 2002. The data were provided by "Gensys Consultores Associados S/C Ltda". The environmental and genetics effects on these traits were analyzed using the least square method applying mathematical models that included fixed effects of contemporary group (GC) and IPV, IDD, AD, AM and HI as covariates. All environmental effects included in the model showed significant influence on the evaluated traits at weaning, except for IDD on GND and AM on all traits. All traits were significantly influenced by AD and HI. These results indicated that environmental and genetic effects were important sources of variation for these traits and, consequently, they should be considered in genetic evaluations.


This study adopts a comparative case study to explore managerial difference of trading websites between mainland China and Taiwan. Taobao.com in mainland China and Yahoo! Taiwan are the selected cases. Through the credit rating system of the cases, this study collects a total of 3,243 appraisals of the sellers whose sale ranks first in eight industries. Each appraisal is used as a unit of analysis. Firstly there are 13 key management factors induced in this study. Then the comparative case study between mainland China and Taiwan is carried out according to these 13 factors. Finally this study derives three propositions. These propositions hint some managerial implications for both storekeepers in mainland China and Taiwan.


Methods for essentially produce a constant sample flow 14, to measure the particle concentration in the gas using an ejector 11 for mixing the particle-containing sample essentially clean ionized gas 13 efficiently . Further, the present invention relates to a device for implementing such a method. The method and apparatus can be used, for example when measuring the particle concentration in the exhaust system of a combustion engine.


Current review is being prepared considering latest significant potential of plant stress hormone Methyl Jasmonate for its anticancer, anti-inflammatory and nociceptive actions. Plant stress hormones induces defense-related mechanisms in plants has been shown to be active against various cancer cells both in vitro and in vivo, without affecting normal cells. Anti-inflammatory activity of methyl Jasmonate derivatives shows significant protection against experimentally induced inflammation in animals. Study reveals that methyl Jasmonate modulated the pain mediators and shows significant Anti nociceptive actions against chemically and mechanically produced pain. Current review reveals various anticancer activities with methyl Jasmonate mode of actions in concise way.