A salient grammatical feature of many Austronesian languages is the similar or identical morphosyntactic behaviour exhibited by expressions denoting things, eg. 'boy', 'bird', 'helicopter' and expressions denoting activities, eg. 'walked', 'took', 'gave'. Because of such similarities, many scholars have suggested that such languages may lack a distinction between nouns and verbs. Among the Austronesian languages for which the viability of a noun/verb distinction has been questioned are Tagalog, in Kaufman (this volume) and references therein; Riau Indonesian, in Gil (1994, 2001, 2005a,b, to appear); and Tongan, in Tchekho¤ (1984) and Broschart (1997). These languages span a variety of linguistic types, associated with the Philippines, Western Indonesia, and Polynesia, thereby suggesting that noun/verb indeterminacy is a relatively stable feature diachronically, possibly reconstructable back to Proto-Austronesian. If a language lacks a noun/verb distinction, instead possessing a single undi¤erentiated category containing both thing and activity words, what is this single category? For starters, it could be noun. This is the view that has become popular in the analysis of Austronesian languages, as represented in Capell (1964), Starosta, Pawley and Reid (1982)


In recent time, raspberry production, both in the open field and in protected areas, has been expanding. The rapid growth in demand for this fruit species either as fresh or frozen, encourage the producers to intensify its production, initiating certain, not so small investments. This research is focused on raspberry production organised at farm that has available a production capacity embodied in 13 identical greenhouses settled at the one-hectare plot located at the territory of the municipality of Požega, Republic of Serbia. The greenhouses are 15x50 m in size, while they are connected in a block system. The research was carried out during the 2020. The analysis has covered primary data obtained at the selected farm that are linked to third year of raspberry plantation use, i.e. the second year of full yielding. The main goal of the paper is to assess the energetic efficiency of raspberry production organised in protected area (type tunnel). Derived results have been indicated that this type of production in a protected area generates low energy value, as well as it shows adequate energy efficiency, while ensuring the high yielding.


The benefits of female leaders in economic organizations increasingly are being reported. A large body of empirical studies focuses on the differences between female and male leaders regarding their personality characteristics, social skills and leadership styles. The existing literature pays insufficient attention to the institutional, cultural and organizational contexts that predetermine the mechanisms of shaping the leadership-performance linkage. By analyzing a national sample of Chinese private companies, we offer evidence for female CEOs' heightened innovativeness compared to male CEOs. We suggest that organizational bias in selecting leadership and discrimination practices compel female CEOs to develop and utilize innovative capacities. A firm's institutional environment moderates the positive role of female CEOs on firm innovativeness. The positive effects of female CEOs in promoting firm innovativeness are more potent in regions with lower GDP levels and less government support, where discriminations against women are more pervasive and deep-seated.


The European Lunar Lander is a mission in development within the Human Spaceflight and Operations Directorate of the European Space Agency (ESA). Planned for launch in 2018 and a landing near the Moon's south pole, the mission's primary objectives include the demonstration of safe precision landing technology as part of preparations for future international cooperation on robotic and human exploration of the Moon. Once on the surface the lander shall carry out experiments and investigations to better understand the Lunar environment and specifically how it might affect future robotic and human exploration activities. Technical and scientific factors have highlighted the south polar region of the Moon as an attractive destination, however targeting specific landing sites which possess the right characteristics imposes demanding requirements on landing precision and hazard avoidance capabilities. The surface environment at the poles also provides challenges in terms of the operation and survival of the platform. Addressing these challenges is not only key for the Lunar Lander mission, but also prepares Europe technically for future exploration missions. In the following sections the Lunar Lander mission is described in terms of its timeline, architecture, payload and operations. Subsequently the key challenges are discussed as well as the project's approach to dealing with these within the overall development framework.


We demonstrate the use of optical second harmonic generation (SHG) to identify the {beta}-{delta} phase transition in polycrystalline HMX. This phase transition has been implicated in the thermal decomposition of HMX for over 30 years. We measure an order of magnitude difference in SHG cross section from the {beta} and {delta} phases and use this intensity difference to observe the phase transition during CO{sub 2} laser irradiation. This is the first known {ital inthinspthinspsitu } measurement of a phase transition in such an energetic material during a dynamic experiment, and the first example of SHG from this class of organic nitramine molecular crystals. {copyright} {ital 1999} {ital The American Physical Society}


In actual hydraulic projects,because of the constraints of topography,the supercritical flow bend is often inevitable,then the fluid state becomes extrmely complex.Therefore the improvement of supercritical flow bend is a specific problem which needs to be resolved in actual projects.By making a study of how to reduce the transverse gradient of the water surface and improve the currents of water fluid state,this paper gives a new method named "inverse extra-high on bended channel base" And according to this method,we can take measures to raise the board height of convex banks and debase concave banks,then shaping a horizontal gradient bended channel board.It gives the hydraulic design method based on "inverse extra-high on bended channel base".research is done on the method and then it is confirmed that the method proposed in this paper has an obvious effect on reducing the curve water surface horizontal gradients.The designing ideas are also proved and the designing method is reasonable concerning "inverse extra-high on bended channel base".


A method comprising: Forming a first gate electrode structure above a first semiconductor region of a Hableiterbauelements and forming a second gate electrode structure over a second semiconductor region, wherein the first and the second gate electrode structure of a gate insulation layer with a dielectric material having a large e, a metal-containing cover material, which is formed on the gate insulating layer, and a comprise spacer material, wherein at least the second gate electrode structure including an etch stop liner that is disposed between the metal-containing cover material and the spacer material; Removing the placeholder material in the first and the second gate electrode structure; Forming one or a plurality of first material layers in the first and the second gate electrode structure, wherein the one or more first material layers containing a metal for the work function of the first gate electrode structure; Removing the one or more first layers of material selectively from the second gate electrode structure using a wet chemical agent on the basis of ammonium hydroxide, wherein the wet-chemical means of etching at least one of the one or more first layers of material is used; ...


Electron cyclotron resonance (ECR) plasma etching characteristics of gallium nitride (GaN) are investigated using low pressure (4--10 mTorr) SiCl{sub 4}/Ar and Cl{sub 2}/H{sub 2}/Ar ECR discharges. The purpose of this effort is to develop a dry etching process for making laser mirrors on GaN and to examine dry etching processes of GaN that do not require hydrogen, which is known to cause carrier compensation in GaN. The etch rate is found to increase near-linearly with increasing DC bias, and a minimum DC bias of 100V is required to initiate etching in SiCl{sub 4}/Ar. The authors have also found that the material quality significantly affects the etch rate. The latter decreases with x-ray rocking curve half-width and increases with defect density. A reasonable etch rate of 660 {angstrom}/min and good surface morphologies obtained in SiCl{sub 4}/Ar ECR etching make this process suitable for gate recess of an FET. An etch rate of 5,270 {angstrom}/min has been achieved in Cl{sub 2}/H{sub 2}/Ar plasmas. This is the highest reported etch rate of GaN so far. The smooth and vertical etch sidewalls (etch to mask selectivity of 16 is obtained) make this process promising for dry-etched laser mirrors on GaN.


A Raman fiber laser emitting simultaneously at 1426 and 1456 nm (1.2 W total power) is described and used to demonstrate a Raman gain of 18.5 dB with </spl plusmn/0.9 dB ripple over the C-band.


The arrested relaxation variant of the infrared chemiluminescence method was used to obtain information on the initial vibrational, rotational, and spin-state distribution in hydroxyl radical formed during the reaction of atomic hydrogen with ozone. The mean fractions of the total energy (about 79 kcal/mol) entering vibration and rotation in the OH radical were approximately 0.90 and 0.03, respectively. Studies of the reaction of H with nitrogen dioxide to give OH radical and nitric oxide revealed that the mean fractions of total energy (31 kcal/mol) entering vibration and rotation were rough 0.30 to 0.50 and 0.20 to 0.30, respectively. The extent of vibrational excitation was significant and appeared to differ notably from that in the OH product of the reaction involving H and O/sub 3/. Experimental evidence points to a rapid vibrational deactivation of OH in collisions with NO/sub 2/ without a change in the extent of rotational excitation. The differing vibrational and rotational distributions between H plus O/sub 3/ and H plus NO/sub 2/ are discussed in terms of possible interaction potentials.


With the rapid growth of renewable energy and the advancement of energy transition, the traditional centralized peak shaving and ancillary service market trading mechanism can no longer meet the demands of transaction matching and coordination issues brought about by the volatility of new energy. In order to address this challenge, this study proposes a transaction mechanism for virtual power plants to participate in the peak shaving and ancillary service market based on blockchain technology. Firstly, a combined bidirectional auction model is constructed, which can cater to the peak shaving needs of different buyers. Through smart contracts, the model enables automated transaction matching and settlement processes. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed transaction mechanism is verified through case studies.


Using Streptomyces albulus as starting strain,mutant strain with combined UV and diethyl sulfate(DES) was inoculated into plate with glycin and resistant e-polylysine medium for screening of high e-polylysine producing strain.The mutation conditions,such as concentration of Gly and e-polylysine,dose of UV irradiation,dose of DES,were optimized,and then a high e-polylysine producing strain was obtained after optimization of concentration of glycin and e-polylysine,dosage of UV and diethyl sulfate(DES) and secondary screening.Production of e-polylysine reached 0.73g/L,which was 2.2 fold of starting strain.The breeding mutant showed good passage stability in five generation cultivation.


The size of automobiles driven in the United States has changed over the past 30 years. In the early 1960's, automobiles were much larger than today, occupying a large footprint and possessing poor maneuvering capabilities in tight places. In the 1970's, oil embargoes and inflation caused the automotive industry to take the design of automobiles in a new direction. Vehicles became more energy efficient and more compact. In the 1990's, the sport utility vehicle, designed with off-road capabilities, was developed as a more comfortable version of a standard pickup truck. With the more comfortable design of these vehicles in the latter part of the 1990's, there has been an increase in their production and use on the roads. The size of a vehicle and the manner in which it maneuvers has an impact on the size of parking spaces and parking aisles within development communities. Since land occupied by parking in a commercial development does not generate revenue, the design of a commercial facility needs to maximize the gross leaseable area on-site still allowing enough space to meet parking requirements. This study examines the size of vehicles on the road today, including the newest phenomenon of sport utility vehicles and examines the success of these varying vehicle sizes at maneuvering into and out of the industry standard parking module, the 60 foot parking bay.


Cold powered testing of all LCLS-II production cry-omodules at Fermilab is complete as of February 2021. A total of twenty-five tests on both 1.3 GHz and 3.9 GHz cry-omodules were conducted over a nearly five-year time span beginning in the summer of 2016. During this cam-paign cutting-edge results for cavity Q0 and gradient in continuous wave operation were achieved. A summary of all test results will be presented, with a comparison to established acceptance criteria, as well as overall test stand statistics and lessons learned.


Non-graded instruction allows each student to proceed as fast as he can in several subjects at the same time. One student may take several weeks to finish a unit in mathematics but only several days to complete a unit in social studies, while another student may experience exactly the opposite pattern. Non-graded instruction becomes even more flexible in a program of individualized instruction. An effective program of individualized instruction can represent the nth degree of non-graded instruction because it can abolish all grade level definitions of curriculum so that stu-


Atmospheric coherence length monitor realizes continuous observation of the star for all-weather, and it is a kind of conventional instrument to measure the coherence of the atmosphere. In the actual measurement process, the atmospheric coherence length meter instrument needs through the GPS receiver to locate the local longitude, latitude and GPS time, in order to calculate the star position in real time. When the signal conditions are not ideal, such as indoor, forest and urban environment, the phenomenon like occlusion, multipath and interference are more severe. At this point, will lead to signals of GPS receiver appear error and the GPS receiver positioning accuracy will be greatly reduced, May lead to the telescope cannot tracking stars normally. In order to improve the GPS receiver positioning accuracy, the support vector machine (SVM) theory based on statistical principle is adopted to avoid the "overfitting problem" which minimizes the risk of simple experience. Application of GPS receiver receives the data information in different environment as the training sample and test sample, Data information include longitude, latitude, and satellite elevation, satellite azimuth, and satellite signal-to-noise ratio, which may affect the accuracy of GPS positioning. Using the linearly separable support vector machine (SVM) algorithm, by finding out the maximized class distance to get the optimal classification super planar to classify the data sets. And then, enter the stage of testing, according to the positioning accuracy classification results, predict the future output data, filter the positioning accuracy of the error data.


At first glance, I feared that the diminutive size and laminated flip-flop, spiral-bound format meant style over content. But this book is a treasure trove, ranging from the diagnostic criteria of diabetes, through acute care to treatment options, chronic disease management and prevention of complications.


Based on an analysis of the anchoring mechanism of anchorage bar at high earth bank slope,taking actual project as example,models were set up to calculate the anchored high earth bank slope by limit balance method and finite element method respectively.As shown by the comparison conducted between the calculation results,anchor rod is a effective measure for reinforcing the high earth bank slope,and the stability calculation for the high earth bank slope becomes simple and visual with the finite element method.


(Received November 22, 2002, Accepted June 7, 2003) For two types of inner coating materials with different component of water glass , the gas desorption properties were measured by using thermal desorption spectroscopy. The major outgassing species during the heating up to 773 K were CO2 and H2O in both types . In the thermal desorption spectra of CO2 and H2O, a large desorption peak was observed at approximately 400 K. The total desorption amount of CO2 and H2O for the (A + B) type with the water glass, (K2O + Li2O)3 .85iO2. 4H2O, was approximately a half of that of the A type with the water glass, K2O 3.85iO2.4H2O . The (A + B) type can reduce both the baking temperature and the pumping time in the manufacturing process of cathod ray tube, compared to the A type .


The present fauna of lacertids of the Canary Islands is composed of two graups of lizards, both included in the endemic genus Gallotia Boul. 1916 (Arnold 1973). A first graup of smalllizards is formed by G. atlantica s.l., endernic to the eastern islands, and G. galloti s.l. which is distributed in the western islands. Both lines have evolved intraand interinsularly to form subspecific populations ("Rassenkreise") with differences in size and colour. Only the Island of Gran Canaria appears not to be inhabitated by representatives of this graup1. The second group forms a species of great size whose distribution and systematic knowledge could well present sorne surprises. G. stehlini Schenkel (1901) lives on Gran Canaria and G. aff. simonyi Stein. (1889) on El Hierro. The first is common, while the Hierro Giant Lizard is in grave danger of extinction. Besides Gallotia simonyi (Steind. 1889), whose only known small population on the Rock of Salmor was exterminated sorne 50 years ago, the other know forms, also of great size, correspond to the fossil and subfossil material (García Cruz & al. 1980, Bravo 1978). The largest of the species (up to 1.5 meters), Lacerta (Gallo tia?) goliath Mertens 1942 was described fram material fram Tenerife whereas other material is known fram La Gomera (Hutterer 1985) and La Palma2 • Also remains of a second large species, although of lesser size, have been found in Tenerife and assigned to G. simonyi. However, paleontological research in the Canaries has been very sporadic and superficial. It is hoped that the more organized studies now being conducted will reveal new interesting results that could possibly revolutionize our ideas about past animal colonization of these islands.


• Firms still have great difficulty joint venturing successfully in China. We contend that the current understanding of environmental risk in China is incomplete. Specifically, the current conceptualization has three problems: 1) lack of integration of unique Chinese environmental characteristics, 2) incomplete distinction between different types of environmental risk, and 3) lack of a conceptualization of how the risk pattern changes as the economy transitions. • We extend the current risk framework to include the unique features of the Chinese context. We offer guidelines for managing risk tradeoffs over time using two key structural decisions: Channel partner relationship and equity ownership.


Data and results from foam separation studies and waste processing studies are presented. The application of the Chi-Square statistical test to bubble size measurements for determining foam surface showed diameters to be normally distributed when spinnerette gas spargers are used but not when porous metal or fritted glass gas spargers are used. The mercury trap showed fairly good performance during run R-66 in the Waste Processing facility; however, mercury was deposited in various places throughout the system. The emergency off- gas line from the calciner was kept clean by-a steam surge. (auth)


Human adipose tissue acts as a multi-functional endocrine organ. It has the capacity to control energy homeostasis through changes in peripheral and central mechanisms. However, with increasing weight gain, adipose tissue can more than double its original mass, leading to pathogenic consequences including chronic low grade
inflammation and insulin resistance mediated by adipocytokines. These changes within adipose tissue can induce secondary detrimental effects on other organs, such as muscle and liver; which also produce hormones that can affect energy homeostasis.
The inflammatory response appears modulated by dietary factors and nutrients, including lipids and glucose, as well as gut derived bacteria, in the form of endotoxin. This thesis sought to investigate the role of nutrients, such as lipids (fatty acids) and glucose, on inflammatory responses, energy expenditure and insulin resistance, in vitro and in whole body human physiology. Specifically, studies examined the impact of duration and frequency of nutrient exposure as well as the impact of novel hormones on central and peripheral metabolism in healthy and insulin resistant states.
Nutrients, such as fatty acids, were noted to have an immediate impact on the inflammatory response in both murine and human differentiated pre-adipocytes in vitro. Follow-on whole body physiology studies examined lean and overweight/obese (OW/OB) subjects, given isocaloric high fat meals as either 2 large meals or 5 smaller meals over 24 hours. These studies showed minimal effects on blood profiles in the lean subjects post-meal, whilst the OW/OB subjects took much longer to regain their normal lipid and glucose profiles. However, the frequency of the meals in both cohorts
had no specific or significant impact on energy expenditure, inflammation, glucose/insulin levels or lipid profile. Analysis of factors that could affect adipose tissue metabolism and whole body physiology, such as irisin in muscle and FGF21 in liver, highlighted that insulin resistance status, BMI and lipid profiles could, at times,
influence their circulating levels. This further highlighted the impact of adipose tissue mass, function and cross-talk on health.
In summary, both in vitro and in vivo findings highlighted that 'over-nutrition' with lipids and glucose could trigger an inflammatory response, which was more pronounced with weight gain. Secondly, this thesis provided evidence that the frequency or duration of exposure to nutrients was less important than the total amount of nutrients consumed. Taken together, these studies emphasise the
importance of focusing on interventions to examine nutrient composition, and to reduce overall nutrient intake, rather than the frequency of meals to improve metabolic health in obesity.


The article summarises the development of a policy-focused placement in clinical psychology training and outlines the key competencies developed for this placement, specifically to foster skills in informing and influencing policy at national and international levels.


Measuring dielectric loss of material is used to monitor and study the process of general solid phase synthesis. The sample was characterized by XRD and the process of general solid phase synthesis was monitored by DTA. The variation of dielectric loss of SrFeCo0.5Oy, and LiMn2O4 with temperature corresponds to the change of phase in general solid phase synthesis process. More informations about change of phase in the process of general solid phase synthesis can be obtained from dielectric loss spectra than that from DTA.


This paper reports on the results of the first lab trials evaluating the vAssist (Voice Controlled Assistive Care and Communication Services for the Home) system prototype with Italian users. vAssist is an European Project aiming to provide specific voice controlled home care and communication services for elderly. An important vAssist objective is a multilingual Voice User Interface (VUI) in three different languages: Italian, French and German. Lab trials were foreseen in these three different countries to assess the vAssist VUI prototype on realistic user expectations and requirements. The assessment was made letting 43 Italian elderly interact with the VUI prototype in 4-5 defined scenarios, exploiting a Wizard-of-Oz (WoZ) paradigm and administering to them three questionnaires aimed to measure their perception of the system's usability, learnability and intuitivity. Qualitative and quantitative scores suggested that VUIs are very powerful communication interfaces and were greatly appreciated because of the simplification they provide in the elder everyday use of technological products, such as mobile phones, tablets, and computers.


The pipeline disalignment or the ponding,the pipeline percolating water,the inspection well exists which in view of the present municipal administration drainage channel project construction quality in distort,the submersion,constructed the fitting quality badly,returns to questions and so on settlement of fill,this article has analyzed the reason that creat the prblem,and has discussed the countermeasure in this foundation.


Eddy saturation describes the nonlinear mechanism in geophysical flows whereby, when average conditions are considered, direct forcing of the zonal flow increases the eddy kinetic energy, while the energy associated with the zonal flow does not increase. Here, we present a minimal baroclinic model that exhibits complete eddy saturation. Starting from Phillips' classical quasi-geostrophic two-level model on the beta channel of the mid-latitudes, we derive a reduced order model comprising of six ordinary differential equations including parameterised eddies. This model features two physically realisable steady state solutions, one a purely zonal flow and one where, additionally, finite eddy motions are present. As the baroclinic forcing in the form of diabatic heating is increased, the zonal solution loses stability and the eddy solution becomes attracting. After this bifurcation, the zonal components of the solution are independent of the baroclinic forcing, and the excess of heat in the low latitudes is efficiently transported northwards by finite eddies, in the spirit of baroclinic adjustment.


Summary: A review of common soft-tissue classifications is presented. With evolving surgical technology, classifications have become more complex and comprehensive. They all have aimed to predict the results of the treatment of injured extremities but are often difficult to apply in acute trauma situations. We discuss the principal differences of open versus closed fractures and the varying degrees of each injury aspect


Background: A child's knee undergoes significant morphologic changes during development. Age-specific normal parameters have not been previously described. The purpose of this study was to delineate knee morphology changes that occur with maturation utilizing magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Methods: A retrospective review of knee MRIs, ages 4 to 18 years, was performed using "normal" diagnosis codes, including: knee pain, plicae, septic arthritis, jumper's knee, growing pains, benign neoplasm, and osteomyelitis. Seventeen osseous parameters were measured, plus their cartilaginous counterparts, if different. Spearman &rgr; correlations were calculated between age and MRI measures. Results: A total of 132 MR images were reviewed. Significant correlation with age was observed in all osseous measurements, except medial patellofemoral ligament (MPFL) insertion (P<0.05). Similarly, the cartilage measures demonstrated significant correlation with age, except the notch width index, MPFL insertion, and trochlear morphology. The magnitude of correlation was significantly different between the osseous and cartilage measures for all but 4 of the variables: anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) length and width, intercondylar width and tibial tubercle-trochlear groove (TT-TG) interval. Sex seems to affect ACL length, Insall-Salvati ratio, intercondylar width, and sulcus angle. The MPFL origin starts distal to the physis and moves proximal with age (&rgr;=0.33, P<0.001), when at age 7 years, it is located at or above the femoral physis. The mean ACL diameter grows from 6.5 to 9.8 mm. Cartilage sulcus angle remains consistently 150 degrees, and the TT-TG interval shifts from 6 to 12 mm with maturity. Conclusions: The normative data presented here demonstrates that maturity correlates well with the morphologic changes seen in most of the studied parameters. These data not only aid in the identification of the abnormal findings by sex and age, but also provides normal sizes of the ACL and location of insertion for the MPFL which can benefit surgical planning. Level of Evidence: Level III—diagnostic study.


Rice straw residuals are considered one of the natural wastages that are found with huge quantities. Burning method is the commonly used way to get rid of these wastages, and this is done in an open area that causes harmful impact on environment. Rice residuals are observed to have good mechanical properties that could be usefully used. The present research focuses on rice straw due to the large amount produced relative to the rice husk. The measured responses were tensile strength and break strain of Rice straw microfibers reinforced epoxy composite, while the controllable variables were the filler size (small, medium and large) and filler volume fraction (3%, 6%, 10% and 15%). Experimental Results showed outstanding enhancement in the break strain especially for small RSF composite that reached over 350% in case of 3-wt %, enhancement in tensile strength was observed at small size RSF composite especially at 3wt% that reached 40%.


Executive agreements between governments affect most areas of governmental activity in Australia, with implications for the transparency and accountability of government that have long since been understood. Relatively little attention has been paid, however, to the question that is the subject of this article: the scope of constitutional power to make such agreements. The question is significant in its own right, but is given greater practical importance still by the head of power in s 51(xxxix) of the Constitution, which is triggered by an exercise of executive power. The possibility that this is a source of authority for the exercise of State functions by Commonwealth officers was raised but not resolved by the High Court in R v Hughes (2002) 202 CLR 535. While the matter certainly is not free from doubt, this article concludes that the power to enter into agreements is limited by the text and structure of the Constitution, but that s 51(xxxix) authorises legislation to implement Commonwealth commitments pursuant to an agreement that falls within Commonwealth executive power.


The forty-first book of Nonnus' Dionysiaca takes as its central theme Beroë, the sea nymph identified with the city of Beirut in Phoenicia (modern-day Lebanon). Nonnus associates Beroë closely with Amymone. She is pursued sexually by both Dionysus and Poseidon, with the latter proving victorious, a story which Nonnus recounts in the next book of his poem. In Book 41, however, the narrative focuses upon the foundation of the city and Beroë's birth. Nonnus initially dwells on Beirut's geographical setting and its first inhabitants, before turning to the birth of Aphrodite, who is said to arrive first at Beirut, not Cythera or Cyprus as in other accounts (Nonnus, Dion. 41.97–119).


This system has been set up for Baolige Oilfield to completely implement the automation of production running and to improve the level of oilfield management. The system is made of three parts. The first part is made up of field instruments. The second part includes RTUs, Remote Transmit Units, of each oil wells and each stations which are used to measure oil and distribute water. These RTUs are also called lower computers in this system. And the third part is the supervisory computer located in the Central Control Room(CCR) and is used as SCADA, Supervisory Control And Data Acquisition device. The Field instruments measure the processing technique parameters of 7 stations and all the wells connected to them. These parameters include temperatures, pressures, flows, water fractions in the oil and currents of oil well engines. The parameters are sent to RTUs via field wires and then to CCR via wireless telecommunication. The RTUs control the processes of the stations and oil wells and can receive commands from CCR.This system has implemented the control of measurement for the three phases (oil/gas/water) and the measurement of real-time water rates on lines. It can measure a single oil well for certain times or certain duration. It can also monitor running states of every oil well and start up or shut down them in the CCR.The successful application of supervisory and control technology in Baolige Oilfield has improve efficiently the precisions of data acquisition for oil/gas/water measurements. Each station is controlled by a RTU automatically to make it no necessary for workers to be on duty on the stations. And the feedback of oil well status to CCR makes it possible to shorten the time to analyze the oil well's faults and reduce the working intense of oil workers to check through these wells. All these above has hugely improved the management level of Baolige Oilfield.


Abstract APARALYTIC disease in ducks that clinically resembled neural lymphomatosis in chickens was brought to our attention in the spring of 1949 by Mr. J. H. Newman of South Lyon, Michigan. The disease was investigated because lymphomatosis in ducks had not been reported previously. Visceral and neural lymphomatosis, as well as other types of tumors, are common in chickens but tumors in ducks are rare. In a study involving 304 ducks Hennepe (1927) found only one tumor; likewise, Eber and Malke (1932) found only one tumor in the 692 ducks they examined. Duran-Reynals (1947) succeeded in producing Rous sarcoma tumors in ducklings and developed several duck variant tumor strains by serial passage, proving that ducks are susceptible to tumor implants. Recently, Lucas and Breitmayer (1949) and Lucas (1950) studied the lymphoid tissue in the pancreas of Mallard and White Pekin ducks. They found that ducks had about the same number of …


The internet of things (IoT) is transpiring technology. In the last decade, demand of IoT has been increased due to various things like the use of smart devices; increased demand for voice-based services; the concept of smart cities has been evolved; more requirements of processed data in fields of artificial intelligence and machine learning; fog computing, deep learning, etc. IoT is expected to reach the milestone of 30 billion IoT units at the end of the year 2020. Internet of things is the network of statutory things like houses, private companies, automobiles, and various objects integrated with sensors, actuators, software, electronic equipment, and internet availability that provides the facility to devices to interchange their data. The main contribution of this article is to provide state of art about the characteristics, functionalities, and challenges of the internet of things and the journey of IoT right from start to how it will make an impact on people's quality of life throughout the world in the near future.


During the month of October 1964, a major United States Trade Expansion Mission, under the sponsorship of the United States Department of Commerce, visited Yugoslavia. The Trade Mission consisted of five United States business executives in addition to Department of Commerce officials. The purpose of the Trade Mission was two-fold to strengthen the position of the United States as a major supplier of capital goods and semi-manufactures to Yugoslavia, and to explore the potentiality of that country as a market for United States goods, services and other products not presently sold there in quantity.1 In response to a general invitation issued by the Commerce Department in the spring of 1964, approximately 300 United States business organizations interested in doing business in Yugoslavia submitted more than 360 specific business proposals to the Department. The summary proposals were then translated into Serbo-Croatian, the principal language of Yugoslavia, and were then distributed to several hundred Yugoslav enterprises in advance of the Mission's official visit in Yugoslavia. In December 1964 an extensive report was made by the Trade Mission to the United States business community.2 The Trade Mission reported that its members had interviewed almost 300 Yugoslav businessmen and had visited more than twenty industrial and commercial plants. To supplement the previously distributed summary proposals, Trade Mission members distributed catalogues and other sales literature to Yugoslav businessmen. Approximately 275 specific export opportunities for United States companies, in addition to 33 specific inquiries concerning license and joint venture arrangements with Yugoslav enterprises, were reported by the Mission.3 The Mission further reported that good opportunities exist, among various segments of the Yugoslav economy, for the expansion of United States exports to Yugoslavia. While recognizing the limitations of Yugoslav foreign exchange earnings, the Mission indi-


This study focuses on evaluating total phenolic contents (TPC) in Taraxacum officinale (L.), a member of the family Asteraceae (compositae). The TPC were estimated by Folin-Ciocalteu's reagent and gallic acid was taken as standard. The amount of phenolics was communicated as gallic acid equivalent (GAE). The TPC varied from 41.47 mg/g to 691.6 mg/g in the Taraxacum officinale (L.) extracts. The maximum phenolic contents were found in hydro-alcoholic extract (691.6 mg/g GAE) in comparison with aqueous extract. These extracts have a significant role as antibacterial and antimicrobial agents.


Leptosphaeria maculans is a hemibiotrophic ascomycete that causes blackleg disease on Brassica oilcrops, which globally is a great threat for oilseed production. In order to obtain mechanistic understanding of this devastating pathogen, Arabidopsis thaliana was used as a model host. Susceptible genotypes of Arabidopsis facilitated identification of the mechanisms required for resistance. The phytoalexin camalexin was first identified as a quantitative resistance factor; whereas accelerated cell death mutants enabled the pathogen to circumvent the resistance mechanisms by switching to a necrotrophic mode of growth. In addition to this, eleven Leptosphaeria maculans susceptible (lms) mutants were identified, one susceptible accession (An-1) and a 1:15 loss of resistance in F2 progenies from the resistant accessions Ler-0 and Col-0. The transgressive segregation revealed that resistance was dependent on TIR-NB-LRR resistance genes (RLM1Col and RLM2Ler), which were independent of signalling components previously associated to all TIR-NB-LRR resistance genes. RLM1Col was found to be responsible for L. maculans induced callose depositions. A segregant analysis of the transcriptomes from resistant and susceptible Col-0 x An-1 F3 lines revealed a region on chromosome 4 with genes significantly more highly expressed in the resistant progenies. T-DNA insertion lines and over expression studies revealed that the N-terminal part of a TIR-NB gene is responsible for resistance to L. maculans, Alternaria brassicae, A. brassicicola and Botrytis cinerea. In contrast to the other pathogens, L. maculans resistance is independent of the phytohormones salicylic acid (SA), jasmonic acid (JA) and ethylene (ET). In order to establish the physiological mechanisms of Arabidopsis L. maculans resistances, characterized mutants defective in other hormone responses were screened. Mutants defective in ABA biosynthesis and signalling were found to impair resistance in both a callose dependent and independent manner. Further analysis of pathogen defence pathways revealed influences from combinations of SA, JA and ET responses on resistance and L. maculans mode of growth when the R gene and camalexin resistances were disrupted. Taken together, this work describes the establishment of a new model pathosystem with well-characterized pathogen and host organisms, which display both novel mechanisms and features overlapping with biotrophic and necrotrophic pathosystems.


An active clamp SEPIC converter with synchronous rectifier is presented to achieve zero voltage switching (ZVS). The active clamp circuit is adopted in the proposed converter to absorb the energy stored in the leakage inductance of the transformer and limit the peak voltage stress on the switching devices. The resonance during the transition interval between the switching devices will help the power switches to turn on at ZVS. Therefore, the switching losses of switches are effectively reduced. The synchronous rectifier is used at the secondary side of the transformer to further reduce the conduction loss. The principle of operation and the steady-state analysis of the proposed converter are presented. Finally, the experimental results taken from a laboratory prototype with 240 W (12V/20A) rated power are presented to verify the effectiveness of the proposed converter.


The expensive cost of Accelerator Mass Spectrometry radiocarbon dating (AMS 14C), the main tool for geochronology in Late Pleistocene-Holocene paleoclimate and paleoceanography study using marine sediment cores, hinders Indonesian researchers to produce competing research outputs. The first occurrences of planktonic foraminiferal species which have been applied as Pleistocene-Holocene Boundary markers in previous Quarternary marine sediment studies in the Indonesian region need to be confirmed as these species might actually occur since the Late Pleistocene. Quantitative foraminifera determination and oxygen isotope (δ18O) analysis of planktonic foraminiferal species Globigerinoides (Gs.) ruber have been carried out in marine sediment cores ST10 (off south Sumba) and ST14 (Sumba strait). δ18O of Gs. ruber was correlated to North Greenland Ice Core Project (NGRIP) Greenland Ice Core Chronology 2005 (GICC05) δ18O to determine the depth of the Pleistocene-Holocene Boundary (11653 BP) in core ST10 and ST14. Pleistocene-Holocene Boundary depth in core ST10 (31 cm) and ST14 (28 cm) are nearly coeval with the First occurrence (FO) of planktonic foraminifera Boliella adamsii, which at 34-35 cm depth interval in core ST10 and at 26-27 cm depth interval in core ST14. This indicated the practicality of Boliella adamsii FO as a Pleistocene-Holocene Boundary marker in the sea around Sumba Island, in case radiocarbon ages and proper planktonic foraminiferal δ18O data are not available. Future studies using a similar method in other Indonesian regions are needed to confirm the practicality of Boliella adamsii FO as a Pleistocene-Holocene Boundary marker in the Indonesian region.


The content of chlorophyll,soluble sugar,and soluble protein,and the activity of four protective enzymes in the leaves of cucumber breeding lines inoculated with Sphaerotheca fuliginea were measured.The results showed that chlorophyll content increased firstly then decreased both in the resistant and susceptible lines after inoculation.However,the level and increment of chlorophyll content were higher in the resistant lines than in the susceptible lines,which implied that the cucumber resistance to powdery mildew was positive correlation with chlorophyll content.Soluble sugar content had a basically same trend of reduce-increase-reduce-increase after inoculation.Soluble sugar content of the resistant lines was higher than that of the susceptible lines.Soluble protein content increased both in the resistant and susceptible lines.The peak of soluble protein content appeared earlier in the susceptible lines than in the resistant lines,which indicated that the susceptible lines were more sensitive to the pathogen than the resistant lines.Negative relationship was found between disease resistance and Sphaerotheca fuliginea infection response.The activities of four enzymes,including polyphenoloxidase(PPO),peroxidase(POD),phenylalanine ammonia lyase(PAL) and catalase(CAT),increased with different amplitude after inoculation,the increment amplitude of the resistant lines was larger than that of the susceptible lines,this illustrated that the four enzymes play important roles in resistance mechanism to Sphaerotheca fuliginea


A brief history of the instruments involved in the paper by Hawkins et al. (see ibid., vol.38, no.6, p.903-18, June 1990) is given, and references to early work done on the system are cited. >


Thermodynamic properties of refrigerants are of great importance in the design and simulation of heat pumps and refrigeration units. The parameter values in the modified Benedict-Webb-Rubin equation of state proposed by Lee and Kesler (1975) have been determined for HFC 134a with the Error-in-Variables Model. The types of data used for the parameter estimation have been: pressure-volume-temperature data for subcooled and superheated conditions, vapour pressures, saturated vapour and liquid volumes, isobaric arid isochoric heat capacities and second virial coefficients. Calculations carried out with the equation of state according to Lee and Kesler, with the parameters here proposed, agree well with experimental data for the fluid.

Les proprietes thermodynamiques des refrigerants sont d'une grande importance dans la conception et la simulation des pompes a chaleur et des systemes de refrigeration. Les valeurs des parametres dans l'equation d'etat Benedict-Webb-Rubin modifiee proposee par Lee et Kesler (1975), ont ete determinees pour HFC134a avec le modele des erreurs dans les variables. Les donnees utilisees pour l'estimation des parametres sont les suivantes: pression-volume-temperature pour des conditions de sous-refroidissement et de surchauffement, pression de vapeur, volumes de vapeur saturee et de liquide, capacites thermiques isobares et isochores, enfin, le deuxieme coefficient des viriels. Les calculs effectues avec l'equation d'etat de Lee et Kesler, avec les parametres proposes ici, concordent bien avec les donnees experimentales obtenues pour le fluide.


This paper stated the corn kernel nutrition material of our country,made analysis for major nutriment quality including protein,fatty,starch content and composition,put forward that special corn should be developed vigorously,and corn processing field and forage industry vigorously,looked ahead through technical means raising corn increment,raise the utilization rate of corn.


Indian Telecom Industry is more than a century old.It is one of the prime support services needed for rapid growth and modernization of various sectors of the economy. The Indian telecom sector is witnessing great competition. Apart from a several leading private players, MTNL and BSNL are the major public players. Despite the fact that Indian Telecom Industry in public sector has a huge infrastructure and had early mover advantage, still its performance is low as compared to its counterpart in private sector. The increasing concern for the low performance of the public sector and growing discontentment of its personnel has led to an empirical study of public sector telecom industry regarding the employee development practices. For the purpose of analysis,the whole public sector which includes BSNL and MTNL was selected only from the National Capital Region (NCR).A survey instrument was used with a set of fifteen employee development practices to determine the extent of usage of selected practices in the selected units of the public sector. The study brings out the existing picture of employee development practices in the Public sector companies of the telecom Industry in India and offers suggestions to improve the implementation of such practices wherever they need improvement.


This paper describes a novel method to predict the biologically activated structures of G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) with high accuracy so that the structures predicted can be used in in silico virtual screening. We propose a new method for modeling GPCR thermal fluctuations, where conformation changes of the proteins are modeled by combining fluctuations on different time scales. The core idea of the method is that a molecular dynamics simulation is used to calculate an average 3D coordinates of all atoms of a GPCR protein against heat fluctuation on the picosecond or nanosecond time scale, and then the evolutionary computation including receptor-ligand docking simulations functions to determine the rotation angle of each helix of a GPCR protein as a movement on wider time scale. The method was validated using human leukotriene B4 receptor BLT1 as a sample GPCR. Our study demonstrated that the established method was able to provide the appropriate 3D structure of the activated GPCR to dock with its agonists. KeywordsGPCR; protein structure prediction; evolutionary computation; receptor-ligand docking simulation; molecular dynamics simulation


The general theme of change in philosophy over time is due to traditional customs and beliefs failing to regulate society. This theme drove both John Dewey's Progressive Movement and the creation of the Curriculum and Evaluation Standards for School Mathematics (1989) by the National Council of Teachers of Mathematics (NCTM). The remarkable similarity in thought between Dewey's writings and the Standards is the basis for this paper. The point of view is from the Standards looking back to find Dewey's similar ideas. Although Dewey's views of mathematics per se are not extensively explicated, his overarching views on learning content resonate strongly with those of the NCTM document. There is common focus on the individual, learning as doing, developing power of each student, the use of worthwhile tasks, views on curriculum, and the need for more experienced teachers and peers to stretch and pull the student into arenas of exploration. If John Dewey were alive today, what would he have to say about the standards movement? There are a number of types of standards under consideration, with a variety of characteristics. In particular, what would he think of the NCTM C&E Standards'? What is the background of the NCTM Standards? Where would Dewey agree with the NCTM Standards? Where would Dewey disagree with the NCTM Standards? There are four main sections comprising the body of this paper: the issue, the epistemology, the impetus for change, and the vision. The idea of standards, what does it mean to know, why change, and what are the related goals?


Classical educational research provides empirical evidence of the positive effect of doing homework on academic results. Nonetheless, when this effect is analyzed in detail there are inconsistent, and in some cases, contradictory results. The central aim of this study was to systematically investigate the effect of homework on performance of students in mathematics and science using multilevel models. The original sample consisted of 7,725 Spanish adolescents with a mean age of 13.78 (0.82) of which 7,451 were evaluated after purging the sample of the students who did little to no homework. A 2-level hierarchicallinear analysis was performed, student and class, with 4 individual adjustment variables: gender, socioeconomic and cultural level, year repetition, and school grades, which were used to reflect previous student achievement. The individual level examined time spent, effort made, and the way homework was done. The class level considered frequency of assignment and quantity of homework. Prior knowledge, estimated using school grades, is shown to be the most important predictor of achievement in the study. Its effect is greater than the combined effect of all the other variables studied. Once background factors are controlled, the homework variables with most impact on the test are student autonomy and frequency of homework assignment by teachers. Autonomy when doing homework was shown to be the most important individual-level variable in both mathematics and science, and not effort and or time spent doing homework. The optimum duration of homework was found to be 1 hr a day.


Congenital diaphragmatic hernia is a rare condition caused by a congenital defect in the diaphragm, leading to the protrusion of abdominal organs into the thoracic cavity. It can be isolated (in 40% of cases) or associated with other malformations. In 85% of cases, it is located postero-laterally (Bochdalek hernia), and less commonly antero-laterally (Morgagni and Larrey hernias).
We report the case of a patient presenting a Morgagni hernia, which is a rare hernia that accounts for 1 to 6% of diaphragmatic hernias, and is usually asymptomatic and often discovered incidentally.
We present the case of an infant born from a well-monitored pregnancy, delivered vaginally, with a normal birth weight of 3200 grams and a normal Apgar score, and no neonatal respiratory distress. The infant was discharged after 24 hours and remained in good health.
At 6 months of age, the infant presented with acute viral bronchiolitis, and an incidental discovery of an antero-lateral congenital diaphragmatic hernia was made through a chest X-ray. The patient was stabilized and referred to the pediatric surgery department for management after successful treatment of the bronchiolitis.


The crystal structures of three Schiff bases synthesized from 3-formylaceylacetone and different primary amines were determined and compared with simulated gas phase structures based on DFT calculations.


Performance appraisal is effectively motive of employees and workers and it has been consider as a most significant and indispensable tool for an organization.  This study useful for actual implementation of performance appraisal techniques and awareness of employees.


Synchronized 3D Lagrangian particle tracking (LPT) using the multi-pulse implementation of Shake-The-
Box (STB) algorithm and microphone measurements were performed on a subsonic jet flow with ideally
expanded flow of Mach = 0.9 generated by a round nozzle and a chevron nozzle, respectively.
The study of subsonic jets has a long history both in the fields of fluid mechanics and aeroacoustics. To
date there has only been a limited number of studies investigating these flow phenomena with
volumetric measurement (3D) techniques. This study aims to provide further insight into the flow physics
by using a recently developed 3D particle tracking algorithm, namely Shake-The-Box (STB) to provide
highly resolved accurate velocity and acceleration data suitable for instantaneous 3D pressure field
extraction. The application of STB in aeroacoustics provides a means of establishing a direct connection
between the flow dynamics in the jet near field and the acoustics pressure fluctuations.
STB for time resolved applications is described in Schanz et al (2016) and allows for accurate particle
tracking of densely seeded (>0.05ppp) flows. Novara et al (2016a and 2016b) showed that a short time
sequence (or multi-pulse) implementation of STB was able to retrieve most particle tracks with values of
velocity and acceleration comparable to those obtained with STB in the time-resolved domain, and they
stipulated the possibilities of measuring the material acceleration (and pressure) for high speed flows by
means of multi-pulse acquisition systems. Following Novara et al (2016b) successful validation of the STB
processing techniques on synthetic data at Mach = 0.7, this experimental investigation will serve to
provide further validation and assessment in real experimental conditions. The experimental
measurements were performed on a round nozzle and a chevron nozzle, respectively. The nozzle
diameter, D = 15 mm at the exit. The nozzles including the inner contour which follows a polynomial of
7th order is described in Miguel and Henning (2013) and Henning et al (2014). Measurements were
conducted for ideally expanded jet flow of Mach = 0.9. The sound pressure fluctuations are recorded by a polar microphone array consisting of 13 condenser microphones arranged at angles 90˚ to 30˚ in 5˚
increments to the jet axial axis. A further 4 microphones were positioned at 180D at angles 90˚, 60˚, 45˚
and 30˚ to the jet axis. The microphone sampling frequency was 250 kHz and a high pass analog filter
was used at 500 Hz. Both, the velocity and the pressure measurements are synchronized by the master
clock of the microphone data-acquisition system (Viper HDR). The measurements were performed in an
anechoic-chamber at the DLR Gottingen. The STB experimental setup consisted of two 4 camera
tomographic particle tracking systems separated by polarization as demonstrated by Schroder et al 2013
and Novara et al 2016a. All eight cameras were sCMOS (PCO-edge type) with resolution 2560 x 2160
pixels. The digital resolution for the experiment was approximately 28 μm/pixel. The measurement
volume encompasses approximately 70x90x10 mm3 along the jet axial (X), radial (Y) and out-of-plane (Z)
directions, respectively. The first results using four-pulse STB on a subsonic jet flow of Mach 0.9 are
presented. As only preliminary results are available at this time, a discussion of the future outlook is
presented in the abstract.


Despite continuing improvements in vehicle safety, motorcyclist casualties are estimated between 13% and 17% of road fatalities. Looking at the last two ESV conferences for a tentative measure of the research effort that is geared towards motorcycle safety, oral/written papers referring to two-wheelers averaged 6%/3% of each group. This tendency is also identifiable in the clearly lagging development of experimental techniques and computational models for the study of crash scenarios involving PTWs. This status quo prompts further developments of PTW-specific design tools to stem from existing occupant (and pedestrian) tools, rather than already available motorcycle-specific solutions. This paper aims at filling some of that gap by proposing developments in computational models for motorcyclists alongside real-world trials. The paper concludes that a MADYMO human body model, equipped with PID-controlled neck muscles, reasonably maintains its biofidelic erect posture in sample scenarios, under the assumption that riders attempt to maintain their head upright. Preliminary results yield activation levels of up to 50 and 55% during severe (± 1,7G and 0,8G) longitudinal and lateral loading scenarios, respectively. Preliminary volunteer trials (N=8) were conducted to provide initial validation in the event of braking. Although not yet complete, the analysis suggests that the resulting head kinematics for an average aware volunteer is compatible with the simulated response. This development focuses R&D efforts on preventing injuries to the head-neck-complex, the body's most vulnerable region, by providing biofidelic postures and reactions to developers of personal protective equipment and advanced occupant/rider restraint systems. It also allows the evaluation of a motorcycle active safety system's impact on human response, which directly influences the consequences of the potential subsequent pre-crash or crash event. Finally, it represents a first step towards fully active human models, which will provide life-like pre-crash behaviour to e.g. OEMs, equipment and barrier manufacturers, and policy makers.


An asymmetrical inter-atomic action, basic for a thermal couple stress presence, has been investigated in this work. A mechanical description of a Cosserat thermoelasticity is replaced by an equivalent magnetic representation. Then, a magnetization of a medium is analyzed. An experimental demonstration of the occurrence of the non-central load of the atom has been made applying the Electron Paramagnetic Resonance spectrometer. The mathematical model of the measurements has been presented in form of Bloch equations with extension to Cosserat medium.


It compares different principle of CT's cricuits falut used in current differential protection of our province.studies the problem of switch off ofter the CT's circuits fault.


Soil contamination by polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and heavy metals is a major concern affecting soil quality. Bioremediation is an efficient approach to decontaminate these pollutants while posing the lowest risk to the environment. This technique is based on identifying microorganisms with the metabolic potential to degrade the pollutants. In this study, the physiochemical properties of oil-contaminated soils in Kuwait were investigated. The soil had alkaline pH (8.36) with a salinity of 0.08% and PAHs compounds were detected at high concentrations (pyrene, 1212 mg/kg), (phenanthrene, 710 mg/kg) and (fluorene 326 mg/kg). Heavy metals such as iron, aluminum, sodium, magnesium, vanadium, copper, etc., were also detected in the soil samples. Then, selective screening for PAH degraders was performed and assessed by colony forming units (CFU) and 16S rDNA gene sequences to determine their growth profiles and taxonomical identification. In total, 21 strains were selected for their resistance to PAHs, which include Pseudomonas (9), Burkholderia (6), Bacillus (2), Bordetella (1), Microbacterium (1), Micrococcus (1), and Kocuria (1). Among all, the growth by Burkholderia sp. P14, in the presence of phenanthrene and fluorene, has maintained a stationary phase from day 5 to 8 with a 6 log CFU/ml bacterial count. The draft genome of the Burkholderia contaminans P14 strain comprised 68 contigs with 8,584,157bp, 66% GC content, 4 rRNA and 75 tRNA. A total of 80 genes were involved in the degradation of the benzoate, naphthalene, and PAH . Genes that encode the PAH degradation were clustered into four distinct groups, including pcaHG, pcaB, pcaIJ, and pcaKFR and were found to be in contigs 5, 11, 8 and 13 of B. contaminans P14, respectively. KEGG analysis suggested that PAHs were degraded in P14 via the protocatechuate and catechol branches of the β-ketoadipate protocatechuate degradation pathway. The genomic island regions in P14 differed from those in the reference genome of B. contaminans M14, indicating the novelty and genomic recombination of the strain. Genomic information on P14 has helped clarify the molecular mechanisms involved in PAH catabolism. Burkholderia contaminans P14 strain will enhance the bioremediation of oil-contaminated soils.


Mumbai city and suburban's population is continues increase that will effect on city's fresh water demand. As per Brihan Mumbai Municipal Corporation information the city's demand is 4,200 million liters water daily (MLD) but the BMC supplies 3,400 MLD, a shortfall of 800 MLD for the city's 13 million people. The population is projected to grow 16 million by 2021, therefore the water demand will expected to rise 5400 MLD (as per hydraulic expert Madhav Chitale). For future water source, dam's construction is one of the ways to come out from this situation, but it will show some adverse effect on natural and environmental components as well. Rainwater Harvesting emerged as a viable alternative for sustainable development. Rain Water harvesting is a technology used to collect, convey and store rain for later use from relatively clean surfaces such as a roof, land surface or rock catchments. Municipal Corporation established RWH cell in 2006 to ensure implementation of RWH policy for new constructions. As per this policy NOC & occupational certificate are issue to those societies who implemented rainwater harvesting system. Unfortunately RWH plan are maintain on paper and never implement it, but occupational certificate is issue d despite of non compliance of norms. As per study, Mumbai suburban's policies success ratio was found 10 %. Thus it's clear that, there is no serious effort or mechanism to ensure implementation of policies by officials. This study try to attempt to explore the efficacy of RWH policy implementation and conducted descriptive survey in Mumbai suburban buildings constructed between 2010 to 2015. The findings of the study revealed that except for few cases the idea never succeeded to any great success. The study recommends serious social and environmental assessment before approving dam projects and strict monitoring mechanism for efficient RWH policy implementation.


The conformation of dimethyl (R,R)-tartrate has been analyzed on the basis of the single crystal X-ray diffraction method as well as by ab-initio quantum chemical studies. The results showed that the extended T conformation containing two planar hydroxyester moieties predominates in both ab-initio and X-ray studies. The lowest energy conformer in ab-initio calculations has C2 symmetry and hydrogen bonds between a hydroxyl group and the nearest carbonyl oxygen. The second in energetical sequence, with an energy difference of only 1.2 kcal/mol, is the asymmetrical conformer, which differs from the lowest energy form by the rotation of one of the ester groups by 180°. Intramolecular OH...O hydrogen bonds observed in this rotamer again involve only proximal functional groups. This conformer is present in the crystal structure of the studied compound, although its conformation in the solid state is no longer stabilized by intramolecular hydrogen bonds of the type mentioned above. In the crystal, hydroxyl groups are mostly involved in intermolecular hydrogen bonds and form only a weak intramolecular hydrogen bond with each other. The planar arrangement of the α-hydroxyester moieties combined with the extended conformation of the carbon chain seems to be stabilized by the intramolecular hydrogen bonds between neighboring functional groups and by the long range dipole-dipole interactions between two pairs of CO and (β)C-H bonds.


The Evolution of Blues Poetry and Performance Sara Rutherford A man in too-loose blue jeans and a half-buttoned maroon shirt, stretched wife-beater beneath, walks onto a makeshift stage and clears his throat. He grabs the microphone with a quick, assertive movement and his shoulder length dreadlocks sway. "I call this 'Born a Nigger' he says, and begins to recite in a slow, syncopated rhythm a poem about a young man who is trying to understand himself and his race in relation to what society has labeled him. The rough, melodic words intermingle with the soft din of glasses clinking and the muffled conversation of audience members in the back. "When I was a boy/rocks stuck in my shoes/because they had no sole (soul)/like me," he says, gesturing wide with his free hand, "like me before I heard/words that sang my tune." It is a Thursday night in a small coffee shop in Midtown Memphis, and you can hear music drifting in from other bars and restaurants lining the street – Coltrane, a jazz cover band with an overpowering lead guitarist, modern rock. The man's voice drowns the music to a hush and his words make their own rhythm. This is performance poetry, a "Poetry Slam" as it is contemporarily called, and usually consists of ten to fifteen poets performing and being judged on the quality and delivery of their original works. Most are regulars, African Americans in their late twenties or early thirties, and unknowns outside of the Memphis poetry circle. They come faithfully each week to this venue for both criticism and inspiration. The man is, from the looks he receives from the audience, just a beginner, but they offer encouragement and clap as he leaves the stage and another more respected poet takes his place. The night continues, and the subjects of the poems recited are age-


Moving into the Express Lane: How to Rapidly Increase the Value of Your Business will show readers how to exponentially increase their company's value by aligning operations strategy with the business model. Increasing a business's value and potential sale price is important for business transitions as well as for ongoing operations to accelerate revenue growth, increase profits and cash flow, and to allow the company to increase capacity and grow without capital expense. Many companies focus on implementing tactics, such as lean, without a strategic framework, which renders their efforts fruitless. By taking a holistic operations-based view of strategy and tactics, executives can exponentially improve their company's value. The concepts and resources in Moving into the Express Lane are useful to manufacturing, distribution, and retail organizations, as well as any company that has an operations component and suppliers. Executives, managers, and practitioners at all levels-as well as consultants-will use it as a desktop reference


Abstract. When solving hydrodynamic equations in spherical/cylindrical geometry using explicit finite difference schemes, a major difficulty is that the time step is greatly restricted by the clustering of azimuthal cells near the pole due to the Courant-Friedrichs-Lewy condition. This paper adapts the azimuthal averaging-reconstruction (Ring Average) technique to finite difference schemes in order to mitigate the time step constraint in spherical/cylindrical coordinates. The finite-difference Ring Average technique averages physical quantities based on an effective grid and then reconstructs the solution back to the original grid in a piece-wise, monotonic way. The algorithm is implemented in a community upper atmospheric model Thermosphere-Ionosphere Electrodynamics General Circulation Model (TIE-GCM), with horizontal resolution up to 0.625 × 0.625 in the geographic longitude-latitude coordinates, which enables the capability of resolving critical mesoscale structures within the TIE-GCM. Numerical experiments have shown that the Ring Average technique introduces minimal artifacts in the polar region of the GCM solutions, which is a significant improvement compared to the commonly used low-pass filtering techniques such as the fast Fourier transform method. Since the finite-difference adaption of the Ring Average technique is a post-solver type algorithm, which requires no changes to the original computational grid and numerical algorithms, it has also been implemented in much more complicated models with extended physical/chemical modules such as the coupled Magnetosphere Ionosphere Thermosphere (CMIT) model and the Whole Atmosphere Community Climate Model with thermosphere and ionosphere eXtension (WACCM-X). The implementation of the Ring Average techniques in both models enables CMIT and WACCM-X to perform global simulations with a much higher resolution than that used in the community versions. The new technique is not only a significant improvement in space weather modeling capability, but can also be adapted to more general finite difference solvers for hyperbolic equations in spherical/polar geometries.


This paper analyses the relationship between innovation and business success and the role of a leader in such relationship. The main question addressed herein refers to how can a leader uses innovation to influence competitiveness and business success in tourism in an increasingly global competitive environment. The paper introduces the Scheme of success and applies it to the issue of leadership, innovation and business success in tourism. Results indicate that a leader's influence on a company's success through innovation is very high and that it is quite different in today's conditions of global competitiveness than it used to be. A leader can influence competitive advantage through innovation development in two basic interconnected ways: being innovative himself/herself i.e., undertaking a pioneering endeavour; and developing an innovative, learning organization, based on an organizational culture that supports innovation at all organizational levels. This second approach to leadership influence is a novelty compared to the time of mass tourism and competition before it became global. Practical implications for effective leadership in tourism are also addressed and recommendations for further research are provided.


ABSTRACT Based on the idea of Fourier extension, we develop a new method for numerical differentiation of two-dimensional functions on an arbitrary domain. The function will be extended to a periodic function on a larger domain. The Tikhonov regularization method in Hilbert scales is presented to deal with the ill-posedness of the problem. The Sobolev norm defined on the larger domain will be used as a stabilizer. An error analysis is provided with a regularization parameter chosen by a discrepancy principle. Numerical experiments are also presented to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.


In recent years, diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) studies have detected subtle microstructural abnormalities of white matter (WM) in obsessive–compulsive disorder (OCD). However, findings have been inconsistent, and it is unclear whether WM abnormalities are related to cognitive processes. The aim of this study was to explore the relationship of WM alterations with cognitive variables in OCD in order to investigate the structural correlates of behaviorally relevant features of the disorder.


Recent research into cultural variations in personal relationships has stressed the significance of "etic" measures such as individualism-collectivism. This study, however, focuses on a more culture-specific concept, the Chinese notion of yuan, derived from a Buddhist belief in the role of predestiny and fate in relationship development. One hundred Hong Kong Chinese and 100 British respondents completed a specially constructed yuan beliefs scale and then a 24-item version of Hendrick and Hendrick's (1986) Love Attitudes Scale. Although Chinese respondents scored significantly higher lhan did British respondents on the yuan scale, replies in both cultures demonstrated at least a moderate endorsement of yuan beliefs. Belief in yuan was highly correlated with pragmatic and agapic love styles, and was negatively correlated with erotic love. Results are interpreted in the context of the wider relationship beliefs and practices of the two cultures.


Background: The 15th meeting of the Conference of the Parties (COP 15) to the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) will review the achievement and delivery of the Strategic Plan for Biodiversity 2011–2020 and consider adopting the final draft of the Post-2020 Global Biodiversity Framework with potential amendments. The Post-2020 Global Biodiversity Framework will be an important milestone toward the realization of the 2050 vision "living in harmony with nature" and achieving the sustainable development goals of the United Nations. Progress: It is agreed that the financial mechanism for supporting biodiversity conservation is and will continue to be the key to implementing the global biodiversity action plan. However, the current funding gap for biodiversity conservation and restoration to reverse biodiversity loss by 2030 is estimated to be at least 50 billion US dollars per year, with an even larger financial gap of more than half a trillion US dollars per year expected in the coming decade. According to the data submitted to the Clearing-House Mechanism (CHM) of the CBD, parties' direct investment for domestic biodiversity conservation only accounts for a very small fraction of their total gross domestic product (GDP). In 2015, China spent 0.255% of its total GDP in biodiversity conservation, and this percentage was relatively high compared to other countries. As a developing country, China has significantly increased its biodiversity investment in recent years, and in 2019 this amount reached approximately 0.6% of its GDP. The existing biodiversity funding channel is relatively low on diversity, which will make fulfilling biodiversity conservation goals quite challenging. Thus, there is an urgent need to establish a new funding mechanism to assist in the achievement of the post-2020 mission and goals by 2030. It has been suggested that the Convention on Biological Diversity can learn from the financial mechanism of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (e.g. green climate fund), and synergize with other relevant environmental conventions, in particular, through nature-based solutions. Perspective : As the host country of COP15, China has the responsibility and ability to facilitate the negotiation for a new funding mechanism at the conference in order to promote the implementation of the Post-2020 Global Biodiversity Framework. This new biodiversity funding mechanism shall be independent of the existing financial mechanisms with much diverse investment channels, introduce achievement grading mechanisms and link funding to concrete mission, goal and responsibility aiming to improve the efficiency of fund use, and support biodiversity activities in developing countries.


The rise of the Cloud Computing paradigm has led to security concerns, taking into account that resources are shared and mediated by a Hypervisor which may be targeted by rogue guest VMs and remote attackers. In order to better define the threats to which a cloud server's Hypervisor is exposed, we conducted a thorough analysis of the codebase of two popular open-source Hypervisors, Xen and KVM, followed by an extensive study of the vulnerability reports associated with them. Based on our findings, we propose a characterization of Hypervisor Vulnerabilities comprised of three dimensions: the trigger source (i.e. where the attacker is located), the attack vector (i.e. the Hypervisor functionality that enables the security breach), and the attack target (i.e. the runtime domain that is compromised). This can be used to understand potential paths different attacks can take, and which vulnerabilities enable them. Moreover, most common paths can be discovered to learn where the defenses should be focused, or conversely, least common paths can be used to find yet-unexplored ways attackers may use to get into the system.


This paper presents the field descriptions and microscopic observations of a tectonic breccia in the basement gneiss of the Cabo Frio and Arraial do Cabo areas, State of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, and its intrusive contact with the Early Cretaceous mafic dyke. At the sea cliff close to the Ilha do Japonês, there is an excellent contact outcrop between them. The tectonic breccia zone is 10 to 20m wide and has N30oE direction. The breccia clasts are angular and characterized by auto-brecciation texture, and composed of breccia with similar aspect of the host tectonic breccia. The matrix is firmly consolidated by hydrothermalism and following silicification. The Geociências Geosciences Brecha tectônica da área de Cabo Frio RJ, intrudida por dique máfico do Eocretáceo: evidência do tectonismo rúptil do Pan-Africano? Tectonic breccia of the Cabo Frio area, State of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, intruded by Early Cretaceous mafic dyke: evidence of the Pan-African brittle tectonism?


What leads Americans to support human rights violations? The authors explore the role of disgust on dehumanization and support for retaliatory human rights violations, including support for torture, targeting noncombatants, and extrajudicial killing. Using a survey experiment, the authors find that American respondents are disgusted with outgroups whose behaviors violate global human rights norms. These feelings of disgust lead respondents to dehumanize these outgroups and support hypothetical human rights violations against past violators as well as noncombatants ostensibly affiliated with them. Although the experimental vignettes also triggered anger and sadness in participants, only disgust reactions consistently produced dehumanization and support for human rights violations against outgroups. The results indicate that global human rights norms delineate not only acceptable behavior toward others but also the boundaries between those deserving and undeserving of human rights protections.


Submitted for the DFD16 Meeting of The American Physical Society Fluid-structure interaction in the left ventricle of the human heart coupled with mitral valve VALENTINA MESCHINI, Gran Sasso Science Institute, MARCO DONATO DE TULLIO, Politecnico di Bari, GIORGIO QUERZOLI, Universit di Cagliari, ROBERTO VERZICCO, Universit di Roma Tor Vergata and University of Twente — In this paper Direct Numerical Simulations (DNS), implemented using a fully fluid-structure interaction model for the left ventricle, the mitral valve and the flowing blood, and laboratory experiments are performed in order to cross validate the results. Moreover a parameter affecting the flow dynamics is the presence of a mitral valve. We model two cases, one with a natural mitral valve and another with a prosthetic mechanical one. Our aim is to understand their different effects on the flow inside the left ventricle in order to better investigate the process of valve replacement. We simulate two situations, one of a healthy left ventricle and another of a failing one. While in the first case the flow reaches the apex of the left ventricle and washout the stagnant fluid with both mechanical and natural valve, in the second case the disturbance generated by the mechanical leaflets destabilizes the mitral jet, thus further decreasing its capability to penetrate the ventricular region and originating heart attack or cardiac pathologies in general. Valentina Meschini Gran Sasso Science Institute Date submitted: 19 Jul 2016 Electronic form version 1.4


Within waste-water treatment plants it is mandated that the level of harmful pollutants be reduced to a safe level before the treated water is released to the environment. An effective method to approach this processes begins with initial measurements of the concentration of objects within the water. Although a variety of sensors and instruments exist to measure this concentration, this work demonstrates a waterproof instrument that can examine objects through ultrasonic wave technology within a reservoir, not through samples. This instrument will allow workers to examine the presence of objects within a size range that are exiting the plant. A hydrophone receiver was used to measure the signal, and digital signal processing algorithms were applied to classify the frequency response and identify what the materials were composed of. The results demonstrate that the instrument can accurately detect and identify the presence of objects in a water environment, and are promising for the future application of this method to detecting contaminants in wastewater.


For the protection of our natural resources,  fish species being  economic and ecological richness of the natural in the basin of the Coruh to know  their  request is extremely a vital important issue. In this study, temperature and oxygen demand, food and  habitat of 18 fish species in  six families found in river Coruh assessed and discussed with the literature and database. Limiting the impact of water temperature on the reproductive, growth and nutrition emphasized.  The fish species in the basin  spawn at temperatures between 14-30°C according to database. Three species belonging to a family feed with animal food floating in the water. The species belonging to the other families more feed mixed with plant and animal foods diet in the floor or near the ground. Importance of their environmental demands has clarified for conservation and sustainable use of these fish species inhabiting in Coruh River.


The keloid is a cutaneous proliferation of connective tissue that by some is included under benign tumors, but whose tumorous nature is being disputed by others. HINTZE calls the keloid the special tumor of the cicatricial tissue. In dermatological text-books it is stated that the keloid has been mentioned for the first time by RETZ (1790); it has been described more closely by ALIBERT (1810). It is a new-formation in the skin of a solid, elastic consistency, the shape and appearance of which may vary greatly. It forms node-like prominent thickenings in the skin, supplied with string-like often radially arranged processes. In extent it may be from small grain-sized nodes to the size of the palm of a hand and larger. It m9.Y protrude slightly above the surrounding skin, but the prominence may also be considerable, 10-15 mm. The colour may be from bluish-red and pink, to pale. The surface is smooth. Its name; keloid, means claw of a crawfish. Usually it commences as a small, pale pink, grain-sized node in the skin, and then as a rule in a fresh cicatrix after an injury or ulceration; however, it may also appear in apparently normal skin. The growth is slow, through months and years, ceases gradually, and also may recede somewhat, The pink colour pales as the keloid grows older.. The surface is smooth, scar-like, without hair, sweat-nor sebaceous glands. The actual cause for the growth of keloid in the skin is unknown. However, it denotes a predisposition to react to changes in the outer skin with pathologic increase of connective tissue new-formation. This predisposition seems to be partly locally, partly generally developed, partly also limited in time. Further it is individual, as certain people react very readily to traumas with development of keloid, whereas by far the majority never show such predisposition. Finally, it may apparently be a family predisposition. It is specially pronounced in certain races; thus some coloured tribes make use of it for adorning


This paper describes a method of achieving an absolute positive alpha by manipulating beta. Instead of creating a new portfolio, an investor can directly invest in market with leverage and he is able to maintain a positive alpha by adjusting beta according to market moving averages. To evaluate this method, the paper presents empirical evidences of the change of average daily alpha in regard of the change of leverage and different time units of moving average. The results show that high average daily alphas come with high leverage and more days of moving average adjusted when controlling beta.


Objective: To investigate the anti-senescence effect of 3-bromo-4,5- dihydroxybenzaldehyde (BDB) from Polysiphonia morrowii Harvey in human dermal fibroblasts (HDF). Methods: HDF were subjected to treatment of BDB and then treated with hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) to induce premature senescence. Senescence-associated β-galactosidase (SA-β-gal) activity in HDF was determined using the SA-β-gal staining method. Intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) production was measured using the 2',7'-dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate assay. Western blotting assay was performed to assess the level of antioxidant enzyme glutathione peroxidase 1 (GPX1). In addition, intracellular collagen and collagenase contents were analyzed using the respective ELISA kits. Elastase activity in HDF supernatants was measured from p-nitroaniline release and normalized using total protein content. Results: Treatment of HDF with H2O2 increased the activity of SAP-gal, but BDB pre-treatment resulted in the reduction of SA-β- gal activity. Moreover, BDB significantly reduced H2O2-induced intracellular ROS production. BDB also markedly increased the level of GPX1, which was inhibited by 400 µM of H2O2. Furthermore, in in vitro study, BDB significantly increased intracellular collagen content and decreased matrix metalloproteinase-1 and elastase activities in HDF. Conclusions: Our results demonstrate that BDB shows anti- senescence and anti-wrinkle activities in vitro.


This study aimed to clarify the advantage of retroperitoneoscopy‐assisted dismembered pyeloplasty with single‐site plus one port (RPSPO) for pediatric congenital hydronephrosis in patients aged ≥7 years.


The aims of the Research are to find is there any significant effect in improving vocabulary to autism student. Sample of the research is the an autism student at SD Inklusi Pelangi Nusa with out comparison group. This research carried out based an experimental research design. The variable of this research are Picture Exchange Communication System (PECS) and vocabulary.
Picture Exchange Communication System is a Method that designed to Autism Student. The researcher set in front of the student and saw him the picture, and after that the student answered question orally.
Oral Question used to get the data. because there is no comparison group the researcher cannot used T test. So the researcher used Chi Square to Analyze the data. Firstly the researcher find the percentage of every pre-test and posttest. The score of them are pre-test 1 (0%), pre-test 2 (40%), post-test 1 (80%), post-test 2 (100%) and then the Chi Square is (10.73). thus the researcher can conclude that Picture Exchange Communication System (PECS) can give the improvement in autism vocabulary.
Key words : The Use Of, Picture Exchange Communication System Technique, Vocabulary, Autism Student.


This article explores the uses and improvement plans of qualitative methodology in North Korean studies, focusing on the indepth interviews with North Korean defectors. The post-cold war research tendency in North Korean studies has been shifted from the ideology-centered approach to the positivist approach and from the macro approach to the micro approach. In addition, since the mid-1990s, the qualitative studies using interviews with North Korean defectors have been incorporated into North Korean studies. However, existing qualitative research in North Korean studies has struggled with the problem of reliability stemming from the dilemma of generalization and reflexivity. Thus, this article provides the alternative approach to the qualitative methodology in North Korean studies through reevaluating the problems of analytical generalization and reflexive representation.


The strong showing of the ultra-nationalist party, Ataka, in the 2005 parliamentary elections in Bulgaria on a platform of extreme nationalism and anti-Turkish rhetoric has called attention to the state of inter-ethnic relations in the country. The post-Communist period in Bulgaria has been underwritten by the "peaceful" character of majority–minority interactions. However, this article argues that it is such overexposure that has helped occlude the "strained" nature of the relationship between the Turkish minority and the Bulgarian majority. The article addresses this lacuna and details the problematic long-term perspective of inter-ethnic relations in Bulgaria. Such analysis depicts the emergence of Ataka, whose rise to public prominence has exploited the interstices of the alleged ethnic model. Accordingly, this article exposes the nationalist and anti-Turkish discourses of Ataka. In this way, it outlines the reasons for the end of the mythic Bulgarian ethnic model and reveals the pervasiveness of ethnic tensions in the country.


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In this article, we present the results of AFM studies on molybdenum disulfide ultrathin films (with a thickness of 3 to 13 nm) deposited on silicon substrates in vacuum by the magnetron sputtering MoS2 target during 10, 20 and 30 seconds. The film samples structural features were estimated and the deposition time influence on surface roughness, crystals size and its distribution asymmetry, fractal dimension was determined.


Objective To study the MRI findings of injured collateral ligament. Methods The MRI findings of 56 cases surgically or clinically confirmed injured collateral ligaments were retrospectively reviewed. Results In 56 cases of knee joints, total 64 collateral ligaments were injured, including 30 tibial and 18 fibular collateral lig-ments. 8 cases (16 ligments) had both tibial and fibular collateral ligaments injuries. The injury of collateral ligament was classified as : Grade I (30 ligaments), GradeH (22 ligaments) ,and Grade M (12 ligaments ) .The complications were found in 42 (75%) cases, including anterior cruciate ligament sprains (16 cases) ,posterior cruciate ligament sprains (10 cases), meniscal tears (25 cases), bone contusion and fracture (16 cases), and joint effusion (32 cases). Conclusion MR imaging can accurately diagnose and classify the ligament injury, and correctly detect the complications, and it is one of the best diagnostic modalities for the evaluation of h'gament injury of knee joints.


Daniel B. Imrecke1,2, Alexander C. Robinson1, Lewis A. Owen3, Jie Chen4, Lindsay M. Schoenbohm5, Kathryn A. Hedrick3, Thomas J. Lapen1, Wenqiao Li4, and Zhaode Yuan4 1DEPARTMENT OF EARTH AND ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, UNIVERSITY OF HOUSTON, HOUSTON, TEXAS 77204, USA 2DEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE, UNIVERSITY OF HOUSTON–CLEAR LAKE, HOUSTON, TEXAS 77058, USA 3DEPARTMENT OF GEOLOGY, UNIVERSITY OF CINCINNATI, CINCINNATI, OHIO 45221, USA 4STATE KEY LABORATORY OF EARTHQUAKE DYNAMICS, INSTITUTE OF GEOLOGY, CHINA EARTHQUAKE ADMINISTRATION, BEIJING 100029, CHINA 5DEPARTMENT OF CHEMICAL & PHYSICAL SCIENCES, UNIVERSITY OF TORONTO, TORONTO, ONTARIO M5S 3B1, CANADA


Trends indicate a major shortfall in composting capacity in the UK, especially for in-vessel plants that process food catering residuals. More government action is needed to realize the potential.


Research on fluctuations in energy and temperature is presented for a small specimen. The small specimen in contact with a heat bath shows energy fluctuations, ΔE, at the constant temperature. On t...


This contribution presents an analytical method to determine the distribution of temperature within a steel section integrated into a concrete slab, which is subjected to a time‐dependent heat flux. The method developed is based on an analytical solution of the general heat equation for transient conduction simplified to be usable for the calculation of the load bearing resistance of the slim‐floor beam. This simplified analytical solution is validated by comparison against results obtained from numerical simulations. A possible extension of the developed method to fire protected sections is given.


ir ug the combination of two professional development strategies lesson study and the Sheltered Instruction Observation Protocol (SIOP) we were able to help teachers in Freeport Public Schools, a district on Long Island, N.Y, provide effective instruction for ELLs in mainstream classrooms. The unique combination of the two models underscored the strengths of both in terms of teacher development and impact on student learning. As a result of this fusion, participating teachers collaboratively planned content-based lessons, observed each other teaching these lessons, discussed their observations, reflected on SIOP techniques and their impact on student learning, and prepared lesson study reports.


Oscillations in the magnetic exchange coupling between two ferromagnetic layers separated by Ru are directly observed in magnetron sputtered wedged sandwiches using x‐ray magnetic circular dichroism. The magnetization of the lower magnetic layer in the sandwich is saturated in zero field by exchange biasing it to an antiferromagnetic layer of Fe60Mn40. The oscillatory exchange coupling through the Ru wedge causes the direction of the magnetic moment of the upper magnetic layer to rotate back and forth along the wedge and this is directly observed from variations in the intensity of absorption of circularly polarized x rays. Five oscillations in absorption intensity with a period corresponding to ≂11 A were observed in a Ni81Fe19/Ru/Ni70Co30 wedge.


This paper is a collective review on the different m ethods available to recycle textile wastes namely c omposting, paper making, techniques adopted by fashion brands to recycle old clothing. Special focus is given to technical textiles, composites and non-woven sectors that involve produc t development using up cycled wastes. This can be an ye-opener to researchers and industrialist's worldwide to indulge in more research activities and serve in reducing t he landfill pollution.