Accessible online at: www.karger.com/journals/nef Dear Sir, DHEA-S (dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate) is a major secretory androgen of the adrenal gland, but its physiological importance is unclear. Recently DHEA-S has received much attention regarding its antidiabetic effects [1], and DHEA-S administration has been shown to exert benefical effects on diabetes, obesity and physical well-being [2]. On the other hand, estradiol (E2) is the most important active estrogen found in men, and it is hypothesized that hyperestrogenemia may be the major predisposing factor for atherosclerosis in men [3]. However, there is no evidence for an association between these hormones and the development of diabetic nephropathy. We measured the serum levels of DHEA-S and E2 in 60 men with type-2 diabetes mellitus (age 60.3 B 8.5 years) and in 30 nondiabetic men (age 59.2 B 10.3 years) using radioimmunoassay (RIA). Diabetic nephropathy was defined by urinary excretion of albumin as follows: normoalbuminuria (NA, !20 Ìg/ min); microalbuminuria (MA, 20–200 Ìg/ min), and overt proteinuria (OP, 1200 Ìg/ min). Compared with nondiabetic controls, diabetic men had significantly lower levels of DHEA-S (2,084 B 1,208 vs. 1,253 B 677 ng/ml, p ! 0.001 by Student's t test). Serum levels of DHEA-S were inversely related to the severity of diabetic nephropathy (table 1). On the other hand, serum E2 levels tended to be lower in diabetic men than in nondiabetic controls, but the difference was not significant (30.7 B 8.9 vs. 25.0 B 12.2 pg/ml, not significant), and E2 levels did not differ significantly with the severity of diabetic nephropathy (table 1). It is known that serum DHEA-S levels decline with advancing age [4]. Serum DHEA-S levels are also reduced in pathological states characterized by insulin resistance, obesity, dyslipidemia and untreated diabetes [5]. In this study, the DHEA-S levels were inversely correlated with the progression of diabetic nephropathy. This association seems to be independent of age, obesity, dyslipidemia and hyperglycemia (data not shown). The question remains as to whether the decrease in DHEA-S is related to a specific failure of the adrenal gland in patients with diabetic nephropathy, or whether it is a result of the impairment of renal function. It has been reported that serum cortisol levels do not decrease in either poorly controlled diabetes or diabetic nephropathy [6]. This evidence suggests that adrenal cortex function is independent of diabetic status. We found no differences in serum E2 levels in diabetic men compared with nondiabetic controls. Epidemiologic studies have also shown that diabetic men do not differ significantly from nondiabetic men with regard to serum E2 levels [7]. 75% of E2 in males is produced by conversion of androgens and the remainder is derived by direct secretion from the testes, suggesting that slightly lower levels of serum E2 in diaTable 1. Diabetic nephropathy and the serum concentration of dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEA-S) and estradiol (E2)


The soil infiltration curve of green space in the center of Tianjin was obtained by the rainfall-runoff method and orthogonal experiment L9(34),and Kostiakov model,Kostiakov-Lewis model,Philip model,Horton model,and Collis-George model were selected to describe the soil infiltration process.The particle swarm optimization was used to determine the parameters of five models,and they were evaluated by the residual sum of squares.The results indicated that Horton model described the soil infiltration characteristics of green space in the center of Tianjin better than Kostiakov model did,which was widely used in practice,and the fitting effect of Philip model was the worst among the five models.Four field experiments were studied to further validate the accuracy of Horton model,and the determination coefficient between the predicted value and measured value was higher than 0.986.


For a monoid M, we introduce the concept of skew strongly M-reversible rings which is a generalization of strongly M-reversible rings, and investigate their properties. It is shown that if G is a nitely generated Abelian group, then G is torsion-free if and only if there exists a ring R with jRj 2 such that R is skew strongly G-reversible. Moreover, we prove that if R is a right Ore ring with classical right quotient ring Q, then R is skew strongly M-reversible if and only if Q is skew strongly M-reversible.


Caulerpa racemosa was extracted with the combined procedure of neutral protease and boiling water to yield a water-soluble polysaccharide coded as CRP. The obtained C. racemosa polysaccharide (CRP) was fractionated with DEAE-52 cellulose, which led to two soluble polysaccharide fractions designated as CRPF1 and CRPF2. CRP, CRPF1, and CRPF2 were chemically determined and their antitumor activity was assayed. Results showed that they were all mixtures composed of sulfated polysaccharide with 3.9–7.9% uronic acid and protein, and had similar amino acid composition, but CRP was more than CRPF1 and CRPF2 in total sugar and uronic acid content, and less in sulfate group content. Two main sugars, glucose (Glu, 56.8%) and galactose (Gal, 31.8%), of CRP were enriched to CRPF2 (Glu, 89.1%) and CRPF1 (Gal, 99.2%) respectively; Bioassay indicated that all CRP had strong antitumor activity in both in vitro and in vivo, and its inhibition rate of K562 cells in vitro at the concentration of 6.0–10.0 mg mL−1 and of H22 tumor transplanted in mice at a dose of 100 mg kg−1 day were 59.5–83.8% (48 h) and 53.9% (14 days), respectively. Moreover, at a lower dose (0.05–0.2 mg mL−1) and longer time (72 h), CRP exhibited stronger inhibition effect on K562 cells than CRPF1 and CRPF2. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2008


Magnéli phases TinO2n-1 (3 < n ≤ 10) are mixed Ti4+/Ti3+ oxides with high electrical conductivity. When used for water remediation or electrochemical energy storage and conversion, they are nanostructured and exposed to various environments. Therefore, understanding their surface reactivity is of prime importance. Such studies have been hindered by carbon contamination from syntheses. Herein we address this synthetic and characterization challenge through a new approach towards 50 nm carbon-free Ti4O7 and Ti6O11 nanoparticles. To do so, we take advantage of the different reactivities of rutile and anatase TiO2 nanoparticles versus H2, to use the former as precursors of TinO2n-1 and the latter as diluting agents. This approach is combined to silica templating in order to restrain particles growth. The surface reactivity of the Magnéli nanoparticles under different atmospheres was then evaluated quantitatively with synchrotron radiation-based X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, highlighting oxidized surfaces with lower conductivity than the core. This finding sheds a new light on the charge transfer occuring in these materials.


DPI technology has been widely deployed in networking intrusion detection system (NIDS) to detect attacks or viruses. State-of-the-art NIDS uses deterministic finite automata (DFA) algorithms to perform regular expression matching for its stable matching speed. However, traditional DFA algorithm's throughput is limited by the input character's width (usually one character per time). Although the multi-stride method (process multiple characters per time) can increase the throughput, it leads the DFA transition table to an exponentially increased memory consumption. In this paper, we propose a novel multi-stride regular expression matching engine called PiDFA based on Field-Programmable Gate Array (FPGA). It applies two methods to solve traditional multi-stride algorithms' memory explosion problem: DFA Transition Merging method and top-k state extraction method. Experiment results show that PiDFA achieves more than 30-fold better performance than original DFA algorithm. Whats more, PiDFA is orthogonal to existing transition table compression algorithms. Implemented with PiDFA algorithm, ClusterFA's matching speed is increased by 6-50 times while maintaining ClusterFA's low memory consumption.


New requirements have been put forward for the construction of an AC/DC power distribution system under the targets of carbon peaking and carbon neutrality. It is urgent to build a new AC/DC power distribution system featuring low carbonization to realize the coordinated, green development of a high proportion of renewable energy. The low carbonization of the power industry is the key to coping with global warming and realizing the sustainable development of China's society and economy. The reasonable and effective system planning and operation method will be the powerful means to ensure the AC/DC distribution system attain efficient carbon emission reduction under the premise of safe and stable operation. This paper combines the connotation and characteristics of renewable energy interconnection and mutual benefit, analyses the key technology features of AC/DC distribution systems for renewable energy, establishes a complete overall research framework of key technology for planning and operation of AC/DC distribution systems for renewable energy from two aspects of system planning and system operation, and gives an overview and outlook on each key research direction.


National Rural Health Mission (NRHM) was launched in India in 2005. It brought a new concept of Accredited Social Health Activist (ASHA) in to the arena of health sector of India. Since it is a new concept it is imperative to study the effect of socio economic variables on the job performance of ASHAs. Coefficient of correlation was applied to carry out the relational analysis between socio-economic variables and job performance of ASHAs. It was seen that age was positively related with job performance whereas all other independent variables were negatively and significantly related with job performance.


As an important aspect of globalization, FDI (Foreign Direct Investment) has always been an important topic that cannot be overlooked in international trade theory. Based on the classical theory, this paper sorts out many outstanding studies on FDI. Research suggests that the main incentives for companies' different forms of foreign investment are different. Among them, horizontal FDI is a trade-off between trade costs and the fixed costs of factory construction, while the main purpose of vertical FDI is to reduce production costs by cashing in on the comparative advantages of different countries. Another angle to study FDI is to ascertain the boundaries of enterprises. The results show that products with different characteristics will make enterprises have different choices of vertical integration and outsourcing. FDI has a variety of economic effects. Technology spillover effects have different impacts on the productivity of enterprises, while the market integration resulting from direct foreign investment can also provide enterprises with multi-dimensional profit increases.


Two new species of Torymoides are described: T. comicus Grissell and T. tragicus Grissell. Each is illustrated and a key is given to described Nearctic species. The new species have not been reared. but T. comucus may be associated with insects infesting flower heads of Asteraceae or galls on Fabaceae. The new species are reported from Arizona, western Texas, and central Mexico (Michoacan).


The crystal structure of the charge-transfer salt of one of the isomeric thiophene-fused TCNQs, 4,8-bis(dicyanomethylene)-4,8-dihydrobenzo[1,2-b : 4,5-b′]dithiophene (1), with tetraethylammonium has been determined by the X-ray method. Crystals of 2C8H20N+·(3C16H4N4S2)2− belong to monoclinic system, P21/n, Z = 2, a = 10.944(2), b = 28.765(8), c = 9.244(2) A, β = 90.00(2)°, V = 2910(1) A3, Dx = 1.381 Mg m−3 and Dm = 1.36(2) Mg m−3. The final R value is 0.064 for 4224 observed reflections. Two independent molecules, A and B, of 1 stack to form infinite columns along the a axis as ABBABB··· manner. The separations of the molecular planes are 3.47 and 3.39 A, for A···B and B···B, respectively. The columns are linked side-by-side with short S···S contacts of 3.570(3) and 3.529(3) A. From the comparison of the bond lengths of TCNQ frameworks A shows the neutral character, while B shows anionic structure.


accelerated change of forest land into cultivated area. During 1990-2000, increasing area including upland area and rice field, decreasing area covered by forest 24,261.069.50 ha (18.37%). This decrease clearly indicated the establishment of plantation agriculture, mainly hard plant commercial commodity such as rubber, timber, coffee and cacao and also illegal logging. Several changes of soil quality occur when virgin soil is cultivated, many researchers have observed changes of quantitative parameters, such as organic carbon or nitrogen content when trees are removed from land use systems. Anothers problem in Indonesia is intensively agriculture for food crops by chemical fertilizer. Base on above condition, several research had been conducted at Sumberjaya, West Lampung and Tamanbogo, East Lampung. Sumberjaya is one of the coffee producing center of Lampung is located in mountainous western part of Lampung with elevation around 800m-1200m asl. Soil conservation becomes important due the fact that, there was a rapid change of land use type from forest areas to coffee plantations. The aim of the study was to assess soil fertility by soil biology as affected by deforestation and to rehabilitate soil fertility by cover weed management. Tamanbogo, is one of food crop center of Lampung is located in middle terrace eastern part of Lampung with elevation around 30m-33m asl. Intensively agriculture in this area makes soil unfertile. To remidiate soil fertility in this area, application of indigineous organic resources become important. To assees soil fertility by soil biology as affected of deforestation, a measurement of earthworm and AMF spore was done in various landuses at February 2001 . The results show that, deforestation in a hilly area Sumberjaya from primary forest to coffee plantation by slash and burn methods decreasing the AMF spore diversity. In the primary forest we found 3 Genera and 7 species of AMF spore, namely Glomus (G. ettunicatum, G. constrictum and G. aggregatum), Sclerocystis (Sclerocystis rubiformis) and Scutelosphora (Scutelosphora sp1, and Scutelosphora sp2). In Secondary forest, Scutelosphora not found and change with Acaulosphora genera with one species Acaulosphora tuberculata. When Primary forest change into deforest area, coffee plantation area and mix farming area, the Soil Fertility Assessment and Rehabilitation of Cultivated Red Acid Soil in South Sumatra, Indonesia


Smouldering Waldenstr€ om macroglobulinaemia (SMW), also known as asymptomatic/indolent WM, is clinically-defined as WM (serum monoclonal IgM ≥30 g/l and/or ≥10% bone marrow lymphoplasmacytic infiltration) without end-organ damage (anaemia, constitutional symptoms, hyperviscosity, lymphadenopathy or hepatosplenomegaly). The diagnosis of SWM is often incidental; active surveillance is recommended and treatment is not indicated (Kapoor et al, 2017). The International Classification of Diseases (ICD) does not recognize SWM as a separate entity. Thus, studies of WM do not account for SWM, which may influence their results. Also, epidemiological studies are difficult to perform and the actual prevalence of SWM in the United States of America (USA) is not known. The National Cancer Database (NCDB) is a joint program between the Commission on Cancer (CoC) and American Cancer Society, receiving oncology outcomes from >1500 CoC-accredited hospitals and capturing ~70% of all newlydiagnosed cancer cases. It is the largest public cancer database in the USA that includes patient characteristics, tumour histology, type and timing of the first-line treatment. An annual 90% follow-up-rate is required and survival outcomes are released after at least 5 years of follow-up (Boffa et al, 2017). Using the 2004–2012 database, we identified 10539 adult cases of WM by the ICD-O histology codes 9761 (WM) and 9671 (lymphoplasmacytic lymphoma). After excluding cases with inadequate follow-up (N = 1147) or different reporting/ treating facility (N = 1080), 8302 cases of WM were included in this study. We used the time-to-initial-treatment or reasons for not receiving treatment to create an algorithm (Fig 1) to categorize WM by disease status: smouldering, active or unknown (Ravindran et al, 2016). Patients who were recommended to receive treatment (irrespective of administration status) or died <120 days from diagnosis were classified as active WM; while those who were not recommended treatment


We study the transverse field Ising model on a kagome and a triangular lattice using high-order series expansions about the high-field limit. For the triangular lattice our results confirm a second-order quantum phase transition in the 3d XY universality class. Our findings for the kagome lattice indicate a notable instance of a disorder by disorder scenario in two dimensions. The latter follows from a combined analysis of the elementary gap in the high- and low-field limit which is shown to stay finite for all fields h. Furthermore, the lowest one-particle dispersion for the kagome lattice is extremely flat acquiring a dispersion only from order eight in the 1/h limit. This behaviour can be traced back to the existence of local modes and their breakdown which is understood intuitively via the linked cluster expansion.


We present a novel OCT (Optical Coherence Tomography) instrument which enables us to detect two orthogonal polarization states at two different wavelengths simultaneously. We have used this instrument to demonstrate, study, and compare the properties of speckle averaging using frequency compounding and polarization diversity separately and in combination. Reductions in speckle contrast obtained by measurements are compared to theoretical values and results from computer simulations of OCT signals.


This report presents the results of an investigation on the composition
of (residual) household waste of the Netherlands, collected from eleven
neighbourhoods. The waste from these areas offers a rather accurate
picture of the waste collected nationwide. The report gives detailed
information about 14 main components, numerous subcomponents, the
percentage of packaging materials and batteries in household waste. The
main components in (residual) household waste are: Bio-waste and
undefined residual waste (39,8%); paper and cardboard (27,1%) ;
plastics (8,9%) ; glass (4,2%) and ferrous metals (
4,1%).


This paper examines how wives' continuing relationships with their incarcerated husbands are shaped by prison policies concerning husbands receiving personal services and approved material goods during in-prison visitation. A combination of data sources are used to construct an ethnographic account of the experiences of thirty women married to men incarcerated in two prisons. Findings show that within the constraints of prison visiting, marital relationships can be strengthened and/or undermined whenever wives perform personal services and deliver goods. Delivery of legal goods strained wives' limited financial resources while smuggling contraband provided wives with temporary relief from money worries. It is concluded that certain prison policies believed functional for the prison treatment program can lead to dysfunctional consequences for prisoner-wife interaction and for the quality of wives' lives on the outside.


More and more challenging designs are required everyday in today?s industries. The traditional trial and error procedure commonly used for mechanical parts design is not valid any more since it slows down the design process and yields suboptimal designs. For structural components, one alternative consists in using shape optimization processes which provide optimal solutions. However, these techniques require a high computational effort and require extremely efficient and robust Finite Element (FE) programs. FE software companies are aware that their current commercial products must improve in this sense and devote considerable resources to improve their codes. In this work we propose to use the Cartesian Grid Finite Element Method, cgFEM as a tool for efficient and robust numerical analysis. The cgFEM methodology developed in this thesis uses the synergy of a variety of techniques to achieve this purpose, but the two main ingredients are the use of Cartesian FE grids independent of the geometry of the component to be analyzed and an efficient hierarchical data structure. These two features provide to the cgFEM technology the necessary requirements to increase the efficiency of the cgFEM code with respect to commercial FE codes. As indicated in [1, 2], in order to guarantee the convergence of a structural shape optimization process we need to control the error of each geometry analyzed. In this sense the cgFEM code also incorporates the appropriate error estimators. These error estimators are specifically adapted to the cgFEM framework to further increase its efficiency. This work introduces a solution recovery technique, denoted as SPR-CD, that in combination with the Zienkiewicz and Zhu error estimator [3] provides very accurate error measures of the FE solution. Additionally, we have also developed error estimators and numerical bounds in Quantities of Interest based on the SPR-CD technique to allow for an efficient control of the quality of the numerical solution. Regarding error estimation, we also present three new upper error bounding techniques for the error in energy norm of the FE solution, based on recovery processes. Furthermore, this work also presents an error estimation procedure to control the quality of the recovered solution in stresses provided by the SPR-CD technique. Since the recovered stress field is commonly more accurate and has a higher convergence rate than the FE solution, we propose to substitute the raw FE solution by the recovered solution to decrease the computational cost of the numerical analysis. All these improvements are reflected by the numerical examples of structural shape optimization problems presented in this thesis. These numerical analysis clearly show the improved behavior of the cgFEM technology over the classical FE implementations commonly used in industry. [1] Bugeda G, Oliver J. A general methodology for structural shape optimization problems using automatic adaptive remeshing. International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 1993; 36(18):3161?3185. [2] Rodenas JJ, Bugeda G, Albelda J, Onate E. On the need for the use of error-controlled finite element analyses in structural shape optimization processes. International Journal for Numerical Methods in Egineering 2011; 87:1105?1126. [3] Zienkiewicz OC, Zhu JZ. A simple error estimator and adaptive procedure for practical engineering analysis. International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 1987; 24(2):337?357.


Gibberd and others (11 April, p 1196) and sympathise over the problems they encountered. In a similar controlled trial' we had difficulty in making due allowance for spontaneous fluctuations in motor performance and concentration which characterise this illness and particularly in assessing the influence of depression and motivation. We had to abandon attempts to measure the latter factors with appropriate questionnaires because we often found that the patients fell asleep during assessment. Transport difficulties can prove a major obstacle and tend to influence selection of patients. Exhausting journeys to hospital made some patients understandably reluctant to attend twice weekly for outpatient physiotherapy and some became so rigid in anticipation of belated transport that they were unable to leave their home. In addition to organisational difficulties, there seems to be little agreement concerning the principles and methods of physiotherapy appropriate for Parkinsonian disabilities. Nevertheless, we found modest but unequivocal improvement in 10 of 21 patients, and in seven benefit was sustained for at least five weeks after the cessation of treatment. We could not determine whether improvement was physical, psychological, or both. Now that the limitations as well as the potential of antiParkinsonian medication has been determined, clinicians will want to know how best to use diminishing physiotherapy resources. Clearly there is a need for further trials to clarify these common practical problems of management.


At present,higher moral education has some abuse: pursuing extreme moral idealism to deviate the real moral desire,pursuing absolutely objective knowledge to break with students' real life,indoctrinating and controlling individuals to depress the free development of them,regarding moral knowledge as standard evaluation to infect personality development.Through observing and speculating the actuality to perspective the higher moral education which wrapped and lacked life.On the basis of the plight,we call for moral education returning to the life,the self and the essence of moral education,until to achieve the pursuits of life value.


Those lines from The Doors's 1967 haunting rock classic, "The End," point directly toward the violence that defined the conflict between the generations during the Viet Nam era. A Killer, identified as both a Young Man and a Son, walks on down the hall to a confrontation with the Father he wants to kill, a confrontation that takes us to "my only friend, the end ... I The end of laughter and soft lies, I The end of nights we tried to die," an end that erupts in an orgasmic communion of music and violence. If even a cursory examination of rock-and-roll music reveals a structural teleology pointed toward violent rebellion, then we should suspect that a rock play like Sam Shepard's The Tooth of Crime will be structured around the same telos.


Polar front jet stream variability is responsible for instances of extreme weather and is crucial for regional climate change. The North Atlantic Polar Front jet stream is of particular significance to the heavily populated areas of western Europe and eastern North America as storm track variability, atmospheric modes of variability such as the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO), temperature and rainfall are all intimately linked with jet stream changes. Although seasonal and interannual variability are often attributed to internal variability, there are several possible drivers of polar front jet stream changes that are reviewed in this study. Cryospheric effects from sea‐ice extent and snow cover, oceanic effects from North Atlantic sea‐surface temperatures and tropical influences such as the El‐Niño Southern Oscillation, and stratospheric effects due to stratospheric circulation variability, solar variability, volcanic eruptions and the Quasi‐Biennial Oscillation are all identified in the literature as factors that impact on the Atlantic Polar Front jet stream. These drivers of jet stream variability can oppose or reinforce one another, and there are some indications of possible nonlinear interactions between them. We also review the modelling of jet stream variability. While a consensus has now been reached that some observed drivers can be reproduced in climate models, we conclude that improved understanding of more recently identified drivers of the Atlantic extratropical jet stream is crucial for making progress in regional climate predictions on all timescales from months to decades ahead.


Studies of the development of distributive justice reasoning have suggested that children do not begin to link work and reward until the age of 6 or 7, and that females tend to make this linkage less frequently than males. The present study is an investigation of the development of the link between work and entitle ment. Results suggest that in tasks which require allocation of self-produced goods, kindergarteners are already able to link work and entitlement. Addition ally, this linkage appears to be stronger for females than for males. The study re veals that the provision of relevant experience strengthens the link between work and entitlement.


We present the results of a new set of hydrodynami- cal simulations of hot gas flows in model elliptical galaxies with the following characteristics: the spatial luminosity distribution approaches a power law form at small radii, in accordance with the results of recent ground based observations, and with the Hubble Space Telescope; the dark matter has a peaked profile too, as indicated by high resolution numerical simulations of dissipationless collapse; the dark to luminous mass ratio spans a large range of values, including low values found by optical studies confined to within two effective radii; finally, the type Ia supernova rate is that given by the latest estimates of optical surveys, or zero, as suggested by the iron abundances recently measured in the hot gas. We find that the resulting gas flows are strongly decoupled: an inflow develops in the central region of the galaxies, while the external parts are still degassing, i.e., the flows are mostly partial winds. This behavior can be explained in terms of the local energy balance of the hot gas. A large spread in the X-ray luminosity LX at fixed optical luminosity LB can be produced as in previous simulations that used King models plus massive quasi-isothermal dark halos, and higher supernova rates; the key factor causing large LX variations is now the size of the central inflow region. The highest LX observed correspond to global inflows. Finally, non negligible amounts of cold gas can be produced by the partial winds; this could be an explanation for the possible discovery of cold matter at the center of elliptical galaxies, an alternative to the presence of a steady state cooling flow.


On the first day of April 1649, on the predominantly rural manor of Walton, Surrey, the sight of people preparing land for the plow was unremarkable. To see men up at dawn, dressed for the field in broad-brimmed hats, homespun waistcoats, and short breeches, loosening or breaking up clods with their spades, stooping to toss aside root and rock, was typical. What did raise eyebrows, however, was the sight of such busyness on a Sunday, the Sabbath, and on no less remarkable ground than George Hill, with its "very barren," sandy soil. When questioned, Gerrard Winstanley reframed this performative break with religious, social, and agricultural norms as he did in his soon to be published manifesto, The True Levellers' Standard Advanced. To work this land was to "declare . . . by action," as well as by word, that Winstanley, the self-described "prophet" William Everard, and a small number of others had been sent by the Creator to begin their mission of transforming "the Earth [into] a common Treasury for all, both Rich and Poor." Rural, religious, and resource poor, the Digger collective has not received substantial attention from performance studies scholars. Even some historians of the seventeenth century have questioned the significance of this small, nonviolent agrarian group in the intensely "charged political atmosphere of the 1640s," but as a collective whose theatrical social performances raised them from obscurity to national visibility, Diggers are in some ways the epitome of this era.


Abstract Chemical analyses of the <0.2 μm illite-smectite (I-S) fraction from K-bentonites in Silurian age sediments sampled from three different localities in the Southern Uplands of Scotland and Northern Ireland indicate that the I-S from the three localities shows differences in both K+ content and the degree of Tschermak substitution of octahedral Al3+ for Mg2+. The K+ content correlates with percentage expandability (%E) of I-S as determined by X-ray diffraction (XRD), but both these parameters show poor correlation with palaeotemperature as estimated by organic reflectance methods. Octahedral Mg2+ content shows an inverse correlation with Al3+, and both these parameters show a good correlation with estimated palaeotemperature. Although K-substitution has been retarded at Dob's Linn, the region subjected to the highest temperature, Tschermak substitution of Al3+ for Mg2+ has apparently continued. In these K-bentonites, Tschermak substitution appears to be a better indicator of palaeotemperature than K-substitution.


The goal of this study is to explore how cooperative learning methods affect students' communication skills in social studies classes. This study employed a randomized pretest-posttest control group design as an experimental design. The sample is made up of 60 students who were chosen using the proportional sampling technique from the 184 students in class VII that make up the population. The communication skills assessment sheet is a tool for gathering information. Analysis The research findings were examined using a quantitative descriptive technique. The data were analyzed and the effect of treatment on the variables was determined using the t-test statistical test. The findings indicate that using a cooperative learning model in social studies learning can help improve students' communication skills. The results of this study promote the development of 21st century education, particularly in terms of supporting students to possess the 4C skills, of which communication skills are one.


Objective To discuss the medical consumable materials and its storeroom management techniques. Methods From techniques view, it was thoroughly discussed the concrete operating regulations of applying, check in, check out, storeroom specific management, data statistics and second-level storeroom of consumable materials. Results It basically included all contents of management of consumable materials. It has important directive function for medical consumable materials informational management and department of equipment management. Conclusion Economic benefit and social effect can be more exerted through the usage of management techniques of medical consumable materials, and more fullscale service can be provided.


Dye concentration measurements were carried out by withdrawing samples of dilute polymer solutions which were injected from tubes and slots in a large outside flow field. The colorimetric concentration measurements were found to be dependent on sampling rate. No effect of sampling rate was observed for aqueous dye‐only solutions or for homogeneous polymer solutions. The unexpected dependence of concentration measurements on sampling rate is apparently due to large elongational viscosities of the polymer solutions, which are functions of polymer concentration.


there is no ''God's-eye view'' of the nature of things or of the universe. God is in the universe, available to us for the achievement of our purposes but by no means a force ready and able to sweep all before it. There are of course all sorts of responses possible to James's views and their implications. One is that James is revealed as very much a thinker who refuses the wager of modernity. What he calls god fits no very important modern concept of god. At one point, James himself uses the term ''finite God'' (77), itself a contradiction in terms for some. Still, James clearly wants to find a way to talk in terms of a universe filled with consciousness and purpose, a kind of polytheism. In all this it is hard to avoid the feeling that James's thought on these matters was a matter of wish doing the work of intellect. Yet there are interesting modern implications to his position. For instance, in dismissing the notion of a unified, all-powerful deity, James undermines not just the traditional answers to the problem of theodicy (why is there suffering and evil in the world?) ; he also renders otiose the very question of evil itself. Just as God becomes purposive spirit in James's worldview, so evil becomes specific concrete faults, flaws and outrages. '' In any pluralistic metaphysics, '' James asserts, it is not ''why evil should exist at all, but how we can lessen the actual amount of it '' (77). Thus, for James, evil seems to be a personal or historical experience or happening, not a metaphysical entity ; an effect, not a cause of what plagues us. Overall, just as James was ambiguous about the power of spirit in the modern world, so we must be about James's pragmatism, here folded into a pluralistic, fallibilistic, empirically oriented view of the world. In its enlivening moments, it urges new ways of thinking about old concepts and sanctions acting to address new issues. This creative form of pragmatism allies itself with artistic and aesthetic activity as well as political and social action. On the other hand, James on religion can sound both jejune and desperate in his hope that we are not alone in the universe. Indeed, his finessing of the problem of evil and/or his swerve away from even discussing specific evils suggests that pragmatism itself was hardly equipped to understand the great historical evils that preceded or followed it.


The Steiner tree problem is one of the complex, combinatorial optimization problems in the graph theory literature. Solving Steiner tree problem is of great importance since its application includes VLSI physical design, routing, wire length estimation etc. The variant of the Steiner tree called Rectilinear Steiner tree is used in the various phases of VLSI design and finding the Minimum Rectilinear Steiner tree is the problem that is in much research. Since the problem is NP-hard, a lot of research is focused in designing good heuristics and approximation algorithms. This paper is a brief study on the different approximation and heuristic algorithms for solving Rectilinear Steiner tree problem. Keywords— Rectilinear Steiner Trees, heuristic algorithms, VLSI physical design.


For imaging of the biogas process fast and long-term stable measurement methods misses for certain parts of the process. Thus, it is necessary to know the development of organic acids. These metabolites, which are generated during the bacterial degradation, are important indicators. The process is generally very confusing, not only in terms of the number of occurring bacteria and chemical compounds, but also their variabilities. For the knowledge of such changes a direct, lowwear and permanent monitoring of organic acids would be extremely useful. Upon the occurrence of a change like hyperacidity we could react quickly. There are already some proven methods. However, these methods have several disadvantages: the information gathering is logistically difficult by long journeys, by process conditions informations are delayed and distorted, quickly worn sensors, etc. Therefore, a innovative development is presented here, which avoids all the disadvantages listed. The sensor unit has been developed in cooperation with KSI Meinberg, Logic Way Schwerin, IBZ Hohen Luckow, University of Rostock and a polish colleague. According to Raoult law a characteristic is 408 M. Schlegel and et al. used in principle, which is typical of some liquid and gaseous media that are touching. This means volatile substances, which for example, are also in the fermenter broth, among others organic acids, are also detectable in the gaseous phase. If in the gas phase such acids can be detected, conclusions about the acid content in the substrate broth are possible. In different experiments evaluable matches between the developments of organic acids on the one hand in the liquid phase (broth) and on the other hand, in the gaseous phase were found. These results are based on an acid sensor unit with which distant standing biogas plants can be controlled remotely. A project regarding this topic is supported by research programme ZIM. Project executing organization is AiF (Arbeitsgemeinschaft industrieller Forschungsvereinigungen "Otto von Guericke" e.V.). Paper type: Research Paper Published online: 28 October 2016 Vol. 6, No. 5, pp. 407–418 DOI: 10.21008/j.2083-4950.2016.6.5.3 ISSN 2083-4942 (Print) ISSN 2083-4950 (Online) © 2016 Poznan University of Technology. All rights reserved.


The mechanism of absorption,absorptive action characteristic,chemical and biochemical preparative methods and utilizing status in feedstuffs and foods domain of amino acid chelated iron acting for a new type of iron fortificant were overviewed.Based on above of all,current key issue and prospective directions for investigating and utilizing of amino acid chelated iron were also proposed.


To the Editor: Infantile phosphofructokinase-1 (PFK-1) deficiency was first described by Guibaud et al. (1) in 1978 and to date, only 12 cases of infantile PFK-1 deficiency have been reported in the literature (2– 7). The clinical phenotype includes marked hypotonia, respiratory insufficiency, and death in early childhood. Additional findings reported include generalized arthrogryposis (6/12), brain disorders (3/12), and corneal involvement (2/12). Although it is believed that infantile PFK-1 is caused by a non-functional activator common to the three different isoforms of PFK (4), the molecular defect in infantile PFK-1 remains unknown. In Manitoba, three babies with classic features of infantile PFK-1 have been recently identified (7). Two were sibs. One was stillborn and the other, born with generalized arthrogryposis, died at 13 weeks of age from pneumonia. A third patient, of aboriginal descent, from an unrelated family is now 8 years of age. He was born at 33 weeks gestation by precipitous vaginal delivery to a 22year-old G5P4 woman. Pregnancy was complicated by decreased fetal movements and polyhydramnios. Apgars were 3 and 2 at 1 and 5 min, respectively. At birth, he weighed 1.95 kg (40% for 33 weeks), his length was 42.5 cm (5%), and his head circumference was 33 cm (80%). There was marked axial hypotonia, few spontaneous movements, absent gag, severe generalized arthrogryposis, and he required mechanical ventilation for 3 weeks. His subsequent postnatal course was complicated by apnea, poor feeding, and little spontaneous movement, and he required continuous suctioning for copious tracheal secretions. Cardiac evaluation was normal. By 1 year of age there was slow improvement and nasogastric feedings were no longer required. However, his motor development was hampered by severe contractures. A muscle biopsy performed at 13 days of age showed random variation in fiber size and excessive amounts of glycogen in the subsarcolemmal and intermyofibrillar spaces, with normal histochemical reaction for myophosphorylase, thus suggesting the diagnosis of infantile PFK. Further biochemical analysis confirmed that muscle PFK activity was only 0.44 mmol/min/g (4% of lowest levels seen in normal infant controls) (3). Over the next 7 years, this boy has undergone a series of orthopedic interventions, including bilateral releases for the talipes equinovarus, hamstrings, and hip and knee flexors, as well as bilateral lengthenings of the tendo-achilles. Aggressive physiotherapy, occupational therapy, and speech therapy have been pursued. He has been healthy with no episodes of aspiration pneumonia, despite severe swallowing difficulties. A recent cardiovascular examination, including echocardiogram, was normal. Currently, he is of short stature with reduced muscle mass and residual contractures at the hips, knees, and ankles. Growth parameters at 7.5 years of age were weight of 18 kg (B5%), height of 111 cm (B5%), and head circumference of 51.3 cm (50%). He has a long, slender, myopathic facies with dental caries and malocclusion. Gross motor skills are delayed and he remains in a wheelchair. However, he is able to crawl and pull himself to a standing position. A Gesell neurodevelopmental examination by a developmental pediatrician at 13 months of age showed scattered development of 9–10 months (8). Reassessment at 19 months of age showed development at 12–15 months. At 3 years 1 month of age, he was shown to have a DQ of 81 and development at the 2.5-year level. He continued to show good developmental progress, and at 4 years 7 months of age he was able to perform at a level equivalent to a 4–4.5 year old. At the last develop-


The utility model relates to a lining measuring scale of an intermediate frequency furnace, which is used for measuring the lining of the intermediate frequency furnace and belongs to the measuring instrument. The lining measuring scale sets a cross level; the center of the cross level is connected with a vertical lever which is provided with a movable sliding block; and the movable sliding block is connected with a horizontal extension scale. The lining measuring scale has simple structure and convenient use, can measure the thickness of the lining of the intermediate frequency furnace, ensures the safe production, also can change the lining in time, reduces the production cost, improves the production efficiency, leads the melting efficiency of the intermediate frequency furnace to be maximum and is applicable to the measurement of the thickness of the lining of various intermediate frequency furnaces and line frequency furnaces.


It is consequential for pre-service English teachers to be able to construct lesson plans as well as to implement those plans in the classroom. Such skills will help them teach more effectively when they become English teachers in the future. This study aims to investigate pre-service English teachers' practices in developing lesson plans for their teaching practicum during the pandemic. Employing a qualitative approach, the data were collected from document analyses and interviews involving students majoring in English Education who had completed their teaching practicum at a private junior high school. The findings revealed that the implemented activities in the English teaching practicum were mostly consistent with the lesson plans. This study also found that, despite the general consistency, the pre-service English teachers struggled to develop their lesson plans as they had to adjust the number of activities with the reduced time allotment due to the pandemic. In conclusion, the pre-service English teachers in this study were able to create lesson plans adapting to the limited duration of the English sessions for the practicum during the pandemic, but they were still unable to implement all the activities written on the plans due to the constraints of time and classroom management skills.


The reaction of 2,2'-bipyridine (bpy), 1,10-phenanthroline (phen), and their monoprotonated cations (bpyH/sup +/ and phenH/sup +/) with radiation-generated one-electron reducing agents yields radicals, the spectra, kinetics, and acid-base properties of which have been established. BpyH/sub 2//sup +/. has a pK/sub a/ of 5.6 and exhibits an intense absorption maximum at 375 nm (epsilon 4.5 x 10/sup 4/M/sup -1/cm/sup -1/); bpyH. shows lambda/sub max/365 nm (epsilon 3.0 x 10/sup 4/M/sup -1/cm/sup -1/). BpyH. decays via second-order kinetics (2k = 4.0 x 10/sup 9/M/sup -1/s/sup -1/) representing primarily a disproportionation reaction. BpyH/sub 2//sup +/. appears to decay via concurrent first- and second-order reactions; the processes are complicated by unidentified dose-dependent sequences. Irrespective of pH, the final isolatable product is a pale yellow solid which can be identified by elemental analysis, molecular weight determination, and IR spectrum as a trimer of dihydrobipyridine isomers. PhenH/sub 2//sup +/. shows lambda/sub max/370 nm(epsilon 7.8 x 10/sup 3/M/sup -1/cm/sup -1/) and 510 nm (epsilon 3.8 x 10/sup 3/M/sup -1/cm/sup -1/)and pK/sub a/ = 6.3 while phenH. exhibits lambda/sub max/350 nm (epsilon 5.8 x 10/sup 3/M-/sup 1/cm/sup -1/) and 475 nm (epsilon 3.0 x 10/sup 3/M/sup -1/cm/sup -1/). PhenH. protonates to form phenH/sub 2//sup +/. with k =more » 8.3 x 10/sup 9/M/sup -1/s/sup -1/ and phen H/sub 2//sup +/. decays via second-order kinetics (2k = 1.6 x 10/sup 9/M/sup -1/s/sup -1/). In alkaline solution (pH 10-13) the decay of phenH. is first order (k = 2 x 10/sup 3/s/sup -1/). The bimolecular reaction appears to proceed predominantly via combination; a product has been isolated with the empirical formula C/sub 12/H/sub 11/N/sub 2/.ClO/sub 4/. The behavior of the one-electron reduction products is compared with that of species believed to be similar arising from the photoreduction of bpy and phen in aqueous solution. 10 figures, 1 table.« less


In this paper an approach of modelling multiagent action planning and task execution problems is discussed. The distributed multiagent system taken in consideration is a system of m autonomous agents. Agents are constantly communicating and collaborating in order to participate in coordinating and deciding upon their actions. A heuristic action planning algorithm (HAPA) is presented for solving multiagent action planning and task allocation. Agents are given tasks in a simplified blocks world to recreate represented structures. By utilizing the planning algorithm and through interaction agents are allocated tasks which they execute to reassemble the given form.


In this paper,an improved quantum genetic algorithm(IQGA) is used to design and optimize a microstrip-fed ultra-wideband antenna with band-notched characteristic in conjunction with the best uniform approximation and volume surface integral equation based on the method of moment which accelerates the analysis of the ultra-wideband antenna′s characteristic.The antenna′s reflection coefficient is lower than-10dB in the band from 3.1GHz to 10.6GHz except a narrow band around 5.8GHz.An experimental antenna is produced.The measured results show that the method is correct and effective.


:
Measuring the meaning of communication between and among producers (certified public accountants, academic accountants, and private accountants) and users (chartered financial analysts, commercial bank loan officers, and shareholders) of financial statements is the purpose of this study. Two psycholinguistic techniques, classification analysis and association analysis, were used in a field experiment to measure the intergroup and intragroup transference of denotative (objective) and connotative (subjective) meaning, respectively. The study concluded that we are somewhere in between the "worst" and the "best" on a communication continuum. The evidence indicated only one communication problem — a problem involving the transfer of connotative (subjective) meaning on an intergroup basis, that is, between producers and users.


Over the last decade, conflicting values of the hypertriton ${}_{\Lambda}^3\mathrm{H}$ lifetime $\tau({}_{\Lambda}^3\mathrm{H})$ were extracted from relativistic heavy-ion (RHI) collision experiments, ranging from values compatible with the free-$\Lambda$ lifetime $\tau_\Lambda$-as expected naively for a very weakly bound $\Lambda$ in ${}_{\Lambda}^3\mathrm{H}$-to lifetimes as short as $\tau({}_{\Lambda}^3\mathrm{H}) \approx (0.4-0.7)\,\tau_\Lambda$. In a recent work [1] we studied this ${}_{\Lambda}^3\mathrm{H}$ lifetime puzzle theoretically using realistic three-body ${}_{\Lambda}^3\mathrm{H}$ and ${}^3\mathrm{He}$ wave functions computed within the ab initio no-core shell model approach with interactions derived from chiral effective field theory. In particular, $\tau({}_{\Lambda}^3\mathrm{H})$ was found to be strongly correlated with the $\Lambda$ separation energy $B_\Lambda$ in ${}_{\Lambda}^3\mathrm{H}$, the value of which is rather poorly known experimentally and, in addition, is known to suffer from sizable theoretical uncertainties inherent in the employed nuclear and hypernuclear interaction models. In the present work we find that these uncertainties propagate into $\tau({}_{\Lambda}^3\mathrm{H})$, and thus limit considerably the theoretical precision of its computed value. Although none of the conflicting RHI measured $\tau({}_{\Lambda}^3\mathrm{H})$ values can be excluded, but rather can be attributed to a poor knowledge of $B_\Lambda$, we note the good agreement between the lifetime value $\tau({}_{\Lambda}^3\mathrm{H})=238(27)$ ps computed at the lowest value $B_\Lambda=66$ keV reached by us and the very recent ALICE measured lifetime value $\tau^{\mathrm{ALICE}}({}_{\Lambda}^3\mathrm{H})=253(11)(6)$ ps associated with the ALICE measured $B_\Lambda$ value $B^{\mathrm{ALICE}}_\Lambda=102(63)(67)$ keV [2].


Every new volume of Advances in Parasitology is awaited with anticipation by parasitologists of all kinds from students to experienced research workers who all expect to find something of interest in it. Volume 21 is a slight disappointment because the emphasis is largely protozoological, with two of the four chapters dealing with African trypanosomes, 'Host Susceptibility to African Trypanosomiasis: Trypanotolerance', by Max Murray, W. I. Morrison and D. D. Whitelaw, and 'Biochemistry of the Variant Surface Glycoproteins of Salivarian Trypanosomes', by M. J. Turner. The chapter on host susceptibility is largely concerned with domestic animals, particularly cattle, and is supplemented with references to experiments using mice and a very short section on man. The overall conclusion is that the existence of trypanotolerance is now established and that it is an innate characteristic inherited as a dominant trait. This chapter will be invaluable background reading for anyone wondering how the ravages of cattle trypanosomiasis can be minimized until effective vaccines can be produced. The possibility of vaccines against trypanosomiasis provides the motivation for the vast amount of work now being carried out on antigenic variation and Dr Turner's chapter adequately summarizes what is known of the biochemistry of the variant surface glycoproteins. The complexity of the subject can be gauged from the questions posed at the end of the chapter and the fact that a lj-page addendum with 8 new references was added in April 1982. This is therefore the most up-to-date account of this subject available should be of interest to parasitologists, biochemists and immunologists. Immunology is also the theme of the chapter by M. D. Rickard and J. F. Williams, 'Hydatosis/Cysticercosis: Immune Mechanisms and Immunization Against Infection'. Hydatosis and cysticercosis, caused by the larval stages of taeniid tapeworms, are major diseases that are often ignored but increasingly it looks as if vaccines against them may become a possibility, and the authors suggest that these may be produced more quickly than for other parasitic infections. All the experimental evidence is well summarized and a note of optimism shines through the chapter. Immunologists should take note of the events that are taking place in this field and this chapter sets the scene very well indeed. The remaining chapter, by Y. W. Loke, is 'Transmission of Parasites across the Placenta'. I am not aware of any other review on this subject and it makes fascinating reading. The chapter is very comprehensive and covers such topics as the nature of the placenta, foetal immune responses to parasites and the effects of pregnancy on parasitic infections as well as a consideration of a very long list of parasites themselves. The literature has been exhaustively researched and it will no longer be possible to ignore this important subject. Once again, immunologists would be well advised to read this chapter. In reviewing this volume as a whole, one is struck by the quality and scholarship of the various chapters and the obviously efficient editing. On looking back at earlier volumes it is pleasing to note how short the time-lag between writing and publication has become, but the tendency towards fewer and longer chapters is not so welcome. This recent volume consists of four chapters and each one of them contains something of relevance to immunologists, which may be a sign of the times but does not necessarily suit everyone. More and shorter chapters would better serve the students and teachers to whom Advances are largely directed but in whatever form it comes the next volume will be eagerly awaited by all parasitologists. F. E. o. cox


Overview This paper analyses the consistency of the current policy mix for renewable power generation technologies (RPGT) in Germany. The policy mix as defined by Rogge and Reichardt (2013) includes elements (such as policy strategy, policy instruments and instrument mix), processes and dimensions. The consistency of the policy mix for RPGT will be measured on the elements' level: the consistency of the strategy, the consistency of the mix of the policy instruments and the consistency of the strategy and the instruments mix. One of the questions to be answered is: Will the current target of at least 35% of renewables in electricity production in 2020 (the policy strategy) be reached with the given policy mix for RPGT?


Algebraic high level nets have been introduced in order to exploit the rich theory of algebraic speci cations for high level Petri nets Besides the use of algebraic speci cations most formalizations of algebraic nets have one feature in common the number of tokens owing through a particular arc when the corresponding transition occurs is always the same in whichever mode the transition occurs We say the arcs of this kind of algebraic nets have xed arc weight For modelling distributed algorithms this feature turned out to be disadvantageous This will be demonstrated by a simple example in Sect A restricted version of exible arc weights exible arcs for short has already been introduced in P Graphs and been indicated as a possible extension for algebraic nets Here we formalize a more general version of exible arc the idea of which can already been found in We call the resulting class algebraic system nets The P invariant calculus of Reisig can be adapted to algebraic system nets which will be demonstrated in a forthcoming paper We add two more features to algebraic system nets which have been shown to be nec essary for adequately modelling distributed systems the distinction of progress and external transitions and fair arcs


Introduction: Jesus and history 1. Jesus and troubled times 2. Jesus and the prophets 3. Jesus and the kingdom 4. Jesus and the end A note on sources Questions for further thought and discussion Index.


Low order imaging techniques use signal processing concepts to improve magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) hardware performance. Building upon a linear MRI system model, this paper proposes an adaptive framework to efficiently estimate image changes in a dynamic MRI sequence. We show that our approach provides significant improvement to the current state of the art. The adaptive framework also suggests an MRI pulse sequence selection method that gives estimation error lower than that of other methods. Furthermore, we propose a minimization problem to enable the determination of optimal image encoding/reconstruction vectors as the image sequence progresses.


The subject of this research is the artistic specificities of the poetic texts of religious-philosophical content of the modern Kumyk poetess of the late XX – early XXI century Dzhaminat Kerimova. The object of this research is her later poetic works. Relevance of this topic is substantiated by the need for creating a holistic picture of the final period of creative path of the poetess, which marks prevalence of the religious-philosophical aspects. Based on philological analysis of the poems, the author determines the religious-philosophical motifs; as well as explores the problem of person's stance on religion, material world, and children's view of their parents. The main conclusions consist in revelation of the religious-ethical motifs in later period of poetry (1990-2000). The author's special contribution to this research lies in the analysis of language peculiarities of Kerimova's poetic texts of religious-philosophical nature that give insight into the specificity of Sufi factor. The author was able to determine that the theme of religion, which most vividly depicts the specificities of the use and functionality of Sufi lexicon, is dominant in the later poetic texts. The scientific novelty consists in reference to the later period of poetry of Dzhaminat Kerimova, as her literary heritage and religious texts in particular, remain insufficiently studied in the context of religious literatures of the peoples of Dagestan. The author believes that the research of this topic would allow filling the gap in the modern Kumyk poetry, and thus, enrich not only Kumyk, but also Dagestani literature.


To make efficient use of the resources, node discovery in opportunistic networks is very important because of short communication range of the devices. Encounters are uncertain in opportunistic networks and it is difficult to determine the occurrence of next encounter. So it is essential to have an efficient node discovery mechanism in opportunistic networks to make most out of short duration of encounters. In this paper we consider these factors and proposed a new method to calculate the probing intervals and to make node discovery well-organized and more effective. We perform simulations to test the performance of our proposals.


Meckel's diverticulae can present with symptoms and signs mimicking acute appendicitis. We present the case of a healthy 35-year old male who was suspected of having acute appendicitis but at operation was found to have an inflamed Meckel's diverticulum containing a giant faecalith, which had caused ischaemic necrosis due to a pressure effect. Post-operatively the patient admitted to a year of recurrent bouts of severe colicky abdominal pain, when running.


Three lignans were isolated from the aerial parts of Polygonum orientale L. Their structures were elucidated as arctiin (1),lappaol B (2),orientalin (3) by means of the spectral data and chemical methods. Among them, 3 is a novel compound,compounds 1 and 2 were first found in this plant.


In this paper the author presents λδ, a λ-typed λ-calculus with a single λ binder and abbreviations. The formal properties of λδ, that include the standard requirements for a typed λ-calculus, have been certified by the author with the proof assistant COQ. The presentation focuses on motivating the calculus and the corpus of definitions on which its specification in COQ is based.


To study the attenuation and dispersion effect of a new protective structure distribution layer constructed with a hollow particle composite material on the shock wave, a similar model field explosion test was carried out in this paper. The numerical simulation of explosion tests under different conditions was carried out by using the finite element program 3D/LS-DYNA and the test results were used for verification. The experimental results showed that under the same charge conditions, the shell-shielding layer above the distribution layer of the hollow-shell particle composite material was greatly deformed and the damage was more serious than that above the distribution layer of yellow sand, which had an obvious attenuation effect on the shock wave. Under the same charge condition, the stress peak at the bottom of the distribution layer of the empty shell particle composite material was 0.47 times that of the distribution layer of yellow sand at the same position; the stress wave rose and the pulse width increased, which had an obvious dispersion effect. The distribution layer constructed by the hollow particle composite material had no obvious overall comminution damage, which improved the secondary anti-explosion ability of the protective structure. Therefore, the distribution layer constructed with the hollow particle composite not only enhanced the energy absorption and wave elimination of the protective structure, but also improved the safety of the protective structure.


International relations theorists have long complained about the paucity of rigorous political philosophy in their discipline, and especially bemoan the lack of classic texts to guide them. It is suggested that with the exception of Thucydides, there is little exclusively concerned with International Relations, and nothing that international relations theorists have constructed to resemble the received canon comparable with its sister subject of political theory. Yet all of the major political theorists accommodate international relations in some way, and are invoked by contemporary international relations theorists as having something important to say. Contemporary international relations theory, however, is immersed in its own sense of self-importance, seeing the value of everything in utilitarian or practical terms. The desire to change the world, and not merely to understand it, predisposes the discipline to scale the obligatory heights of Machiavelli, Grotius, Kant, Hegel and Marx in order to pillage what is useful, and to ignore the attempts of philosophers more immediately at the root of modern international relations theory who addressed many of the questions currently thought important and which pointed the way to some of the contemporary answers. Hegel's ill-deserved, but not wholly unfounded, reputation as a brutal realist, and the association of Bosanquet and the rest of the British Idealists with German or Prussian philosophy during and between the two world wars in popular and learned journals, newspapers, and the publications of leading philosophers, including Hobhouse, Hobson, Dewey, Santayana, Laski, Delise Burns, Cole and Joad, have served to bury almost without trace a wealth of literature that applied what are now fashionably called communitarian principles to international questions. Even Chris Brown, who relates Hegel, Green and Bosanquet to the communitarian approach to international relations, ignores the fact that British idealists addressed the key issues of the possibility of extending the community to the international sphere and the establishment of supranational institutions.


In this dissertation, advanced modulation schemes and digital signal processing techniques are proposed and investigated through both numerical simulations as well as experiments, in order to overcome the limitations of multimode step index plastic optical fibers (SI-POF) to support data rates in the order of Gbps. In particular, novel multi-carrier modulation techniques with the inherent property of symbol spreading (spreading multicarrier modulation schemes) are proposed and applied. These schemes are Discrete Fourier Transform Spread Discrete Multitone (DFT-Spread DMT) and Code Division Multiple Access Discrete Multitone (CDMA-DMT), which, in this thesis, are suitably adapted for short-range IM/DD transmission via SI-POF and compared against conventional Discrete Multitone (DMT) in terms of achieved transmission rate given a target bit error rate. Evaluation is performed for links of 50m and 100m by exploring various cases affecting the overall performance, including rate adaptation and artificial PAPR reduction. In all cases it is found that the DFT-spread DMT perfoms better than all other schemes, followed by CDMA-DMT hence, paving the way for more elaborated research for optimizing its transmission properties.


This study aims to analyze the factors that influence the cash holding of companies that participating in the CGPI program from 2012-2016. The sampling technique used was purposive sampling. In this study, there were 19 companies as samples. The data analysis used in this study is multiple linear regression. The results show that leverage has a negative effect on cash holding. On the other hand, CGPI, credit ratings, company size, growth opportunities, and dividends are not significant for cash holding. It can be concluded only leverage that affect companies in Indonesia.

Keywords: Cash Holding, CGPI, Credit Rating, Firm Size, Leverage, Growth Opportunity,
 Dividen


Using the Internet of Things technology,urb an public vehicles,pas sengers and sites can be connected and communicated.quick and accurate information is provided for regulation.The automation and intelligen ce of public transit management are improved.The architecture and solution of public trans it system base d on RFID technology are researched,which can monitor the condition of buses re al-time and solve the problem such as the information sharing between bus and wa iting points and monitoring on passengers.The construction of the system improves the information level of public transit regulation.


The objective of this study was to determine different concentrations of α-tocopherol on egg yolk phosphate diluents motility and viability spermatozoa pelung rooster stored at 4°C for 24 hours. This study was used completely randomized design (RAL) with 4 treatments. Each T0 (cement diluted with egg yolk phosphate without added α-tocopherol as control), T1 (cement diluted with egg yolk phosphate with α-tocopherol 300 μg / ml), T2 (cement diluted with egg yolk phosphate with αtocopherol 400 μg / ml), T3 (cement diluted with egg yolk phosphate with α-tocopherol 500 μg / ml). Each treatment consisted of 6 replications so that the number of samples used was 24. The observed variables were motility and viability of spermatozoa. The obtained were analyzed using the General Linear Model (Multivariate). The results showed that the addition of α-tocopherol in the yolk phosphate diluent significantly (P <0.05) on motility and viability of pelung rooster spermatozoa. The concentration α-tocopherol 400 μg / ml is the best concentration in maintaining the motility and viability of chicken spermatozoa stored at 4 ° C for 24 hours.


The detection and recognition of defects in insulation is a significant investigation for insulation diagnosis. In our laboratory, an ultrasonic testing system has been developed and used for insulation diagnosis of large generators. Using this system with lower frequency transducers, experiments were performed on actual stator bars. The results showed that, the 0.5/spl sim/1.2 MHz frequency transducers could be used for the manufacturing quality test of stator bars. The 0.5/spl sim/0.8 MHz transducers are more effective for aging assessment of aged stator bars. They are sensitive to the degradation and the internal mechanical damages of aged stator insulation.


Gaining knowledge from outside of the enterprise is a quick way to innovate and gain competitive advantage to keep pace with the rapid progress of science and technology. Based on 153 questionnaires from Chinese high-tech companies, this paper examines the relationships among environmental change, enterprise culture, knowledge management capability and knowledge transfer performance. The paper demonstrates that the change of environment has a positive direct impact on enterprise culture, and enterprise culture has a positive direct impact on knowledge management capability. However, the direct effect of enterprise culture on knowledge transfer performance is not significant. Further, enterprise culture can influence knowledge transfer performance indirectly through knowledge management capability.


UNIT 1: LISTENING SKILLS
Types of Listening; Listening Strategies

UNIT 2: READING SKILLS
Previewing, Skimming & Scanning; Word Forms; Contextual Clues; Reference Words; Main Ideas & Supporting Details; Information Transfer; Inferences

UNIT 3: SPEAKING SKILLS
Types & Contents of a Presentation; Effective Delivery of a Presentation; Presentation Aids

UNIT 4: WRITING SKILLS
Paraphrasing; Summarising; Synthesising; Argumentative Essay; In-text Citations and Referencing; Writing Test Practice.


ABSTRACT Inflation stability is a prerequisite for sustainable economic growth. Appropriate information that can be used to manage and control the inflation rate is future inflation prediction. Expenditure groups of housing, water, electricity, gas and fuel have major commodities which have strong influence on inflation spike, so that it is necessary to give more attention in the inflation rate management for those expenditure groups. The aim of this research is to perform inflation model and forecast using time series analysis approach. The data used in this research are Indonesian's monthly inflation data for the expenditure groups of housing, water, electricity, gas and fuel which are taken from BPS Indonesia.


. Fundamental understanding of vanadium ion transport and the detrimental effects of cross-contamination on vanadium redox flow battery (VRFB) performance is critical for developing low-cost, robust, and highly selective proton-conducting membranes for VRFBs. The objective of this work is to examine the effect of conductivity and diffusivity, two key membrane parameters, on long-cycle performance of a VRFB at different operating conditions using a transient 2D multi-component model. This single-channel model combines the transport of vanadium ions, chemical reactions between permeated ions, and electrochemical reactions. It has been discovered that membrane selecting criterion for long cycles depends critically on current density and operating voltage range of the cell. The conducted simulation work is also designed to study the synergistic effects of the membrane properties on dynamics of VRFBs as well as to provide general guidelines for future membrane material development.


In this paper, a decomposition method is proposed which relates the unit ramping process to the cost of fatigue effect in the generation scheduling of thermal systems. The objective of this optimization problem is to minimize the system operation cost, which includes the fuel cost for generating the required electrical energy and starting up decommitted units, as well as the rotor depreciation during ramping processes such as starting up, shutting down, loading, and unloading. According to the unit fatigue index curves provided by generator manufacturers, fixed unit ramping-rate limits, which have been used by previous studies, do not reflect the physical changes of generator rotors during the ramping processes due to the fatigue effect. Even though the use of properly pre-selected ramp-rate limits can guarantee a conservative generation schedule, it fails to provide the flexibility of choosing appropriate ramping rates for minimizing the system operation cost. Since ramping rates do not change linearly with ramping costs, we have to know the ramping duration beforehand in order to select the proper ramping. This is the most difficult aspect of incorporating ramping costs into the generation scheduling procedure since the ramping costs vary with the generation schedule. By introducing ramping costs, the unit on/off states can be determined more economically by the proposed method.<<ETX>>


Fish is a superior commodity in Province of Maluku with fish production potential about 1,627 million ton or 20% of total national fish and only 33% or 528.000 tons used for fish processing. This is caused by less infrastructures and fish production facilities as smoked fish product (in local term called Ikan Asar). This paper is aimed to formulate a particular production/manufacturing system typology for a small enterprise and produce a production system design in large batch (repetitive) manufacturing. First performed was identification of an existing fish production system, then formulated configuration of respond to customer design, process design, and production planning and control system design in large batch (repetitive) manufacturing. The results are Make-tostock for respond to customer strategy, large batch (repetitive) manufacturing as process design, and Just in Time Pull System as production planning and control system design. 


In recent years, HALT/HASS (Highly Accelerated Limit Test/Highly Accelerated Stress Screen) have been attracting attention from a reliability improvement perspective. In this report, we will present an experiment regarding the 6 degree of freedom vibration, an important feature of HALT. We conducted a vibration step test on a printed circuit board mounted with aluminum electrolytic capacitors with 9 different types of mounting conditions, and verified the relationship between the different mounting conditions and the failures. Moreover, the failure potentiality has been predicted from the stress calculation and compared with the test results. Based on these results, the effectiveness of the weakness detection of the HALT vibration stress has been quantitatively evaluated. This report is a modified version of the report presented at the 29th Autumn Reliability Symposium on Reliability (November 24, 2016, hosted by the Reliability Engineering Association of Japan).


Utopia is the lynchpin of Lefebvre's enterprise. Attempting to understand architecture and the city with Lefebvre but without Utopia impoverishes his theoretical construct. His ethics, his ideas on practice and the methods he elaborated, are fundamentally utopian. Although there might seem to be no place for Utopia in the present, Lefebvre reveals this as little more than a self-serving affirmation that "there is no alternative" to social and political detachment. Demanding the impossible may always end in failure but doing so is the first step toward other possibilities nevertheless. Ultimately, to think about Lefebvre is to think about Utopia, and thinking about utopia when thinking with Lefebvre is to make contact with what is most enduring about his project for the city and its inhabitants, and with what is most radical about it as well.


Adequate attitudes and communicative skills are among the essential objectives in the health care sector. The communicative behaviour of medical care givers is important skill required to mitigate the morbidity and mortality of diseases. This study assessed the patients' perception of communicative behaviour of medical care givers in selected public hospitals in Lagos state where 150 respondents were purposively selected and copies of questionnaire were administered to them. The three government hospitals are Lagos University Teaching Hospital (LUTH), Island Maternity and Agbowa Medical centre. In addition, interviews were conducted with key medical practitioners at the three public hospitals. Findings from the analysis revealed that patients' in government hospitals do not perceive the medical care givers in public hospitals as been communicative and responsive to their emotions but they are perceived as being competent. The study recommends that medical caregivers should be trained in areas of interpersonal communication skills so that they would understand and implement these communication skills to improve the healthcare system in the country.
 DOI: 10.5901/mjss.2013.v4n2p677


[1] Benthic flow in the Middle America Trench off the Pacific coast of Costa Rica is examined using time series from a single-point acoustic current meter moored 21 m above bottom at 4386 m depth at the southern end of the trench from November 2005 to April 2007. In addition to significant (∼0.1 m s−1) tidal currents, the instrument recorded a series of 12 episodic northwestward along-trench flow events of roughly monthly duration. Event velocities often exceeded 0.25 m s−1 and were contemporary with enhanced acoustic backscatter intensity. Events ended with a rapid (<1 day) reversal to southeastward flow and reduced backscatter. Seafloor temperature records from two nearby Ocean Drilling Program (ODP) borehole observatory sites reveal that the flow events were accompanied by a steady rise in bottom water temperature. Temperatures dropped abruptly to background values at the end of each event. The event timing generally tracked the envelope of the tidal current modulation. On the basis of the November 2002 to February 2009 borehole observatory temperature records, the events had a mean duration of 40(±20) days and were separated by a between-event interlude of 30(±25) days. Findings indicate that the episodic flows were likely rotationally modified, autosuspending turbidity currents initiated by tidal current resuspension of sediments above the shoaling trench floor to the southeast of the mooring site. Suspended particles in the turbidity currents are estimated to range from 0.0003% to 0.006% of the current by volume. Results suggest that tidally induced turbidity currents may be common to steep, well-mixed regions of the deep ocean adjacent to sediment rich continental margins.


Epithelial tubules form critical structures in various body tissues; however, since they are difficult to access experimentally, their architecture and dynamics are not well understood. Here we examine the dynamic remodeling of epithelial tubes in vivo using a novel and uniquely accessible model system: the extracorporeal vasculature of Botryllus schlosseri (sea squirt). In Botryllus, massive retraction of blood vessels can be triggered without loss of barrier function, through (i) disrupting collagen crosslinking in the basement membrane using β-aminopropionitrile (BAPN); or (ii) disrupting the integrin pathway through inhibition of focal adhesion kinase (FAK). We performed stereographic projections of 3-dimensional high-resolution confocal scans to generate an 'unwrapped' 2-dimensional map of the cylindrical blood vessels, on which we performed quantitative analysis of epithelial morphology. In normal vessels, we found the cells to be planar polarized with curvature dependent axial elongation of cells, and a robust circumferential alignment of actin bundles. While we found no measurable differences in morphology between normal and BAPN treated vessels, FAK-inhibited vessels have significantly smaller cells with predominant circumferential cell orientation and a loss of actin bundles. Our results demonstrate the feasibility of Botryllus schlosseri for imaging-based studies of dynamic epithelial remodeling. They also suggest a critical role of integrin in the maintenance of epithelial morphology.


Objective: to classify the risk of alcohol consumption in pregnant women in the last 12 months (low risk, harmful and likely addiction) and during pregnancy (negative or positive). Method: this is an observational, cross-sectional and descriptive study developed with 118 pregnant UHS users from two municipalities. For data collection, the AUDIT and TACE tests were applied by means of interview. Results: it was observed that 94.9% of the women interviewed made frequent use of alcohol before pregnancy and 34.7% made use without being aware of the current pregnancy. Regarding the pattern of use during pregnancy, most pregnant women (86.4%) reported not to use or use within "low risk" limits, however, associations were verified between the previous consumption of alcohol by women and the consumption during the pregnancy, as well as associations between the consumption of alcohol in the last 12 months before pregnancy and the scores that represent the consumption during the pregnancy. Conclusion: understanding the consumption of alcohol by pregnant women allows contributing to early diagnosis of vulnerability and planning of interventions to establish a safe and healthy pregnancy. Descritores: Gestação; Consumo de Bebidas Alcoólicas; Características Sociais; Fatores de Risco. para establecer un embarazo seguro y saludable.


Objective:To develop an HPLC method for the determination of barnidipine hydrochloride and its related substances.Methods:The determination was performed on an Phenomenex-Gemini C18(5 μm,4.6 mm×250 mm) column with methanol-0.005 mol·L-1KH2PO4(50∶50,pH 3.0) as the mobile phase.The flow rate was 1.0 mL·min-1,the detection was set at 236 nm and the column temperature was maintained at room temperature.Results:Barnidipine and its related substance were completely separated.The calibration curve was linear in the range of 6-14 g·mL-1,the average recovery was 99.6%,RSD=0.5%(n=5).Conclusion:The method is proved to be specific,accurate and reproducible.The proposed HPLC method can be used for the determination of barnidipine hydrochloride and its related substances.


The farmer card is one of the government's initiatives aiming to realize the distribution of subsidized fertilizers under the six appropriate principles (quantity, type, price, quality, time, and place) and provide farmers with banking services. This study seeks to determine the attitudes of farmers toward the farmer card program and the relationship between the factors forming the attitudes. Survey interviews with farmers and related parties and field observations were utilized to obtain research data. The findings revealed that the attitudes of farmers toward the farmer card program fell into the category of "poor". Age, formal education, land area, farming experience, Field Agricultural Extension (PPL) workers' role, and mass media exposure were attitude-framing factors. Spearman's rank correlation coefficient was employed to analyze the data, uncovering that formal education, farming experience, and the involvement of extension workers significantly affected the attitudes of farmers toward the farmer card program, except for farming experience, which had the opposite direction. Moreover, neither age, land area, nor mass media exposure significantly impacted the attitudes of farmers toward the program.


To examine the field dependence of the vortex lattice melting transition in two-dimensional (2D) superconductors, Monte Carlo simulations of the 2D Ginzburg-Landau (GL) model are performed by extending the conventional lowest Landau level (LL) approximation to include several {\it higher} LL modes of the superconducting order parameter with LL indices up to six. It is found that a nearly vertical melting line in lower fields, which is familiar within the elastic theory, is reached just by including higher LL modes with LL indices less than five, and that the first order character of the melting transition in higher fields is significantly weakened with decreasing the field. Nevertheless, a genuine crossover to the consecutive continuous melting picture intervened by a hexatic liquid is not found within the use of the GL model.


Summary Aim: We assess the attitude of patients with thyroid disease towards radiation and radioactivity before and after radioiodine therapy by means of a cultural-anthropological approach. We evaluate in patient interviews how their subjective attitude towards radioactivity as an abstract term and towards radioactivity in the medical context on the basis of their personal experiences with radionuclide therapy. Patients, methods: 29 patients with autonomously functioning thyroid lesions (17 women, 12 men, 35–79 years) were included in this study. All patients were interviewed prior to and 22–27 month post radioiodine therapy in an open dialogue with the principal investigator. Patients were asked to describe their attitude towards radioactivity in general and towards radioiodine therapy in particular. Patients were asked to use a scoring system (1: positive, 5: negative) to quantify their perception of radioactivity. Results: The personal perception of radio activuty as an abstract term does not change


PURPOSE: A method for user terminal authentication and an authentication server and a user terminal thereof are provided to reduce the load applied to a network and a certificate server by controlling network connection when authentication fail. CONSTITUTION: Certification request information for network connection is received from a user terminal(410). An authentication procedure is processed according to the certification request information(411). The message according to the authentication procedure is transmitted to the user terminal(413). The message includes the reason of network connection fail when the authentication procedure is fail.


The analyses and literary portraits in this text elucidate the existing realities of Japan's postwar history. They address, in chronological fashion, major social, environmental, and feminist issues and conflicts that have attended to Japan's postwar economic miracle.


Poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) (PHB) and ist 3-hydroxyvalerate containing copolymers form a family of fully biodegradable polyesters with many potential applications. In this work, the results obtained in our laboratory concerning carbon dioxide, water and organic solvent transport through PHB and three low 3-hydroxyvalerate copolymers are reviewed. Comparison established between the former results and some data taken from the literature, have revealed that PHB and the above mentioned copolymers show transport properties similar to other common thermoplastics such as PVC and PET, particularly in the case of carbon dioxide and water. Consequently, PHB and copolymers can be catalogued as good barrier materials against these penetrants. On the other hand, these biopolymers show a low barrier character against organic compound permeation. All these features conform a good balance of physicochemical properties for these polyhydroxyalkanoates, which may take them suitable for several applications, including its use in biodegradable packaging materials.


SPSS software was used to do the multivatiate linear regression analysis for the influential factors of the valueadded of culture industry in Anhui. A multivariate linear regression model was build by using the Stepwise method.It studiesempirically the correlation,such as the economy,resources,technology and policy factors of culture industry development inAnhui province,and finds out the corresponding related expenditure and contribution coefficient. Based on this,it canprovide relevant policies and suggestions.


Exhaustive testing of occurred interaction amongst components (i.e., parameters and values) of a software system is usually impossible due to some factors such as the restriction of budget and time. One of the effective software testing techniques used for detecting faults of interactions between components is combinatorial testing (CT). CT is a black box testing technique, used to find the mistakes among components of a software system in a systematic and effective way. However, CT is highly complex (NP-hard). The input variables for a realworld software may diverge in how they strongly influence variable strength (VS) interaction can achieve that effectively. This paper proposed a hybrid artificial bee colony (HABC) strategy based on the hybrid artificial bee colony algorithm and practical swarm optimization to generate optimal test suite of variable strength interaction. PSO was integrated as the exploitation agent for the ABC hence the hybrid nature. The information sharing ability of PSO via the Weight Factor is used to enhance the performance of ABC. The output of the hybrid HABC is a set of promising optimal test set combinations. Through several benchmark experiments, HABC proved the effectiveness of the proposed strategy. The HABC has achieved 76.31 % better result than most of the compared strategies.


Dangke, a natural cheese South Sulawesi is made through clotting boiled milk of buffalo, cow, goat or sheep by using sap of papaya (carica papaya (Passiflora edulis) juices can used to coagulated of milk in cheese making but have not been found information a bout the properties of product by using passion fruits j uice as clotting agent of milk. The objective of this study was to investigate the properties of fresh Dangke by using pas sion fruits juice as coagulate of milk. Dangke was made by 10 lt of raw whole milk and heating in 73C coagulated by addition of passion fruits juice (7.5% and 10%), and added 1 % of salt. Curd was entered to dangke cheese template and pressed until compact. The cheese was packaging and was mon it red during 28 d of ripening at approximately 5 studied toward hardness, pH, level of fat and micro structure. Ripening times was increases the soft cheese hardness, but decreases the pH. Fat level of Soft cheese Dangk e was average 21.4% and 30.5% by addition of passion fru it juice 7.5% and 10%, respectively. Hardness of Dangke was increase by increase the time of ripening (1.38 to 3.73 kg/cm), but pH of Dangke was decrease by increase of time of ripening storage (5.34 to 4.1). Microstructure of cheese from 10% of passion fruits was extremely more firm with full fat globular than 7.5%. The properties the Dangke modification making were similar with generally dangke properties. Manufacturing processes by addition pas sion fruits juice coagulant applied to Dangke had affect on hardness, pH, fat content and microstructure during cooling storage at 5C for 1 – 28 d.


Volatile components from the fresh leeves and the fruit peel of Clausena indica(Datz^)Oliv.were analysized by the headspace solid phase microextraction-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry.The major compounds(ncluding their mass fractions) of the volatile matter from the fruit peel were myristicin(61.02%),β-myrcene(23.46%),terpinolene(6.29%),β-asarone(1.49%),(E,E,E)-3,7,11,15-tetramethylhexadeca-1,3,6,10,14-pentaene(1.43%),β-bisabolene(1.27%),3-carene(0.75%),(-)-cis-myrtanol(0.59%).The major compounds(including their mass fractions) of the volatile components from the leeves were myristicin{(47.52%),} terpinolene(23.83%),3-carene(5.95%),β-bisabolene(4.74%),(+)-4-caren(3.12%),β-myrcene(2.72%),o-menth-8-ene(1.47%),D-limonene(1.45%), phellandrene(1.22%),β-asarone{(1.04%).}


Chlorine monoxide undergoes a bromine-sensitized decomposition in light of wave-length 5460 A. The reaction involves short chains and is accompanied by an appreciable dark reaction. The quantum yield is 4.3 at 19 °C. A decrease in pressure occurring near the end of the reaction has been shown to be a photochemical effect, and it is due probably to the bromine-sensitized decomposition of chlorine dioxide formed during the combined light and dark reactions.A mechanism similar to that described by Finkelnburg, Schumacher and Stieger for the unsensitized reaction appears to account for most of the observations.


In this position paper I will present some reflections about the ontological modelling activity interpreted by leveraging on the philosophical account of critical realism, proposed by Karen Barad. I will try to reason on the implications of seeing the modelling activity like an agential cut, an act which allows the properties of entities to become locally determinate and provides meaning to the concepts that are used to talk about such entities and their properties. I will conclude by sketching some possible research directions that can be pursued to reflect the sociomaterial aspects of the modelling activity.


This study looks at the problem of creativity tost selection by examining the relationships between 15 divergent and non-divergent tests. This practical problem raises two main theoretical issues: whether 'creativity' is a unitary dimension across and within tests, and what relationship this range of abilities bears to IQ. A secondary aim is to evaluate four new tests by comparison with the 11 others. The tests were administered, along with two IQ reference measures, to 117 10- to 11-year-old school children. Factor analysis of the resulting intercorrelations led to the conclusion that 'creativity' implies an integrated range of abilities represented by the divergent tests which, although related to general intelligence in subjects of average IQ, remains factorially distinct from it; within tests, Fluency, Flexibility, Originality and Elaboration subscores were highly intercorrelated. Thus, providing that all modes of response and types of test material are included (drawing/writing; verbal/non-verbal content), the actual divergent tests chosen are not of vital importance, and calculation of anything other than Fluency scores adds little information. Analysis of the four new tests confirmed this conclusion, and led to suggestions for their further development.


A field experiment was conducted at Experimental Farm, Annamalai University, Annamalainagar, Tamilnadu during summer season of 2014-15 to study the growth and physiological attributes of sunflower as influenced by soil and foliar fertilization of Zn and B. The experiment comprised of 12 treatment combinations which includes recommend dose of fertilizer (RDF) as control and RDF along with Zn and B soil and foliar fertilization at different stages of crop growth. From the experimental result, it could be concluded that soil application of micronutrients ZnSO4 25kg ha -1, borax 5kg ha-1 and foliar fertilization of ZnSO4 at the rate of 0.5 percent at star bud stage and borax 0.2 percent at ray floret stage was the optimal agronomic micronutrient management practice for obtaining higher values of growth attributes viz., plant height, days to fifty percent flowering, dry matter production, leaf area index and crop growth rate.


Abstract : A compilation of data describing monomethylhydrazine (MMH) specification grade propellant and material compatibility has been prepared based upon available information from literature searches. Materials include aluminum alloys and corrosion-resistant steels. Maximum temperature was 71 C (160 F). Although few data are available, and most at the lower temperature, it appears that, in general, monomethylhydrazine exhibits somewhat greater stability toward catalytic decomposition than does hydrazine (Hz) propellant. It is also generally considered that metals which are compatible with hydrazine are compatible with monomethylhydrazine. Therefore, based upon similarity and comparrison, it is not apparent that incompatibilities will be experienced with pure monomethylhydrazine and metals of interest up to a temperature of 43 C (110 F). However, no data are available on the conjoint effects of acidic contaminants, carbon dioxide and water. Hence, no predictions of the effects of these contaminants can be made with confidence.


The present study pertains to benefits given to the adolescent girls under Kishori Shakti Yojana scheme inSewapuri block of Varanasi District. The main objectives were to review the status of services rendered under thescheme; to ascertain the benefits of the scheme on selected indicators related to various services provided toadolescent girls; identify the factors contributing to the success/failure of the scheme in future. The study also seeksto document the details (approach, components, technicalities, community response and participation, etc) ofadolescent girls' scheme in the ICDS projects in the Sewapuri Block of Varanasi district.


All articles are in Hebrew with English abstracts. Michal Ephratt, "Wordmarks?Semiotics of Old," pp. 5-28; Tali Bar, "Simple Conditional Forms," pp. 29-41; Dina Goldberg and Hadassa Kantor, "On the Uses of 'Ze' in Contemporary Hebrew," pp. 43-55; Ada Wertheimer, "Terminological Problems in Semitic Linguistics," pp. 57-74; Jack Fellman, "On the Contribution of Eliezer Ben-Yehuda to the Revival of Hebrew: A Socio-Historical-Linguistic Analysis," pp. 75-79. Book reviews by Rina Ben-Shahar of Yael Marcus, Patterns for the Creation of Comic and Satiric Effects in Modern Hebrew Fiction; Pnina Trumer of Maya Fruchtman, The Hebrew Dictionary of Clich?s, pp. 81-90.