Stress has been a major problem impacting people in various ways, and it gets serious every day. Identifying whether someone is suffering from stress is crucial before it becomes a severe illness. Artificial Intelligence (AI) interprets external data, learns from such data, and uses the learning to achieve specific goals and tasks. Deep Learning (DL) has created an impact in the field of Artificial Intelligence as it can perform tasks with high accuracy. Therefore, the primary purpose of this paper is to evaluate the performance of 1D Convolutional Neural Networks (1D CNNs) for stress classification. A Psychophysiological stress (PS) dataset is utilized in this paper. The PS dataset consists of twelve features obtained from the expert. The 1D CNNs are trained and tested using 10-fold cross-validation using the PS dataset. The algorithm performance is evaluated based on accuracy and loss matrices. The 1D CNNs outputs 99.7% in stress classification, which outperforms the Backpropagation (BP), only 65.57% in stress classification. Therefore, the findings yield a promising outcome that the 1D CNNs effectively classify stress compared to BP. Further explanation is provided in this paper to prove the efficiency of 1D CNN for the classification of stress.


A new probability distribution to study lifetime data in reliability is introduced in this paper. This one is a first approach to a non-homogeneous phase-type distribution. It is built by considering one cut-point in the non-negative semi-line of a phase-type distribution. The density function is defined and the main measures associated, such as the reliability function, hazard rate, cumulative hazard rate and the characteristic function, are also worked out. This new class of distributions enables us to decrease the number of parameters in the estimate when inference is considered. Additionally, the likelihood distribution is built to estimate the model parameters by maximum likelihood. Several applications considering Resistive Random Access Memories compare the adjustment when phase type distributions and one cut-point phase-type distributions are considered. The developed methodology has been computationally implemented in R-cran.


Abstract : FFERENTIAL EQUATIONS, MATRICES(MATHEMATICS), DATA PROCESSING, COMPUTER PROGRAMS, ANTIMISSILE DEFENSE SYSTEMS, WHITE NOISE, OPTIMIZATION, ALGORITHMSKALMAN FILTERS, STOCHASTIC DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS, CONTROL, STOCHASTIC PROCESSES, TIME VARYING SYSTEMS, *CONTROL THEORY, DIGITAL SIMULATION, ESTIMATION THEORYThe note presents the theoretical formulation, a general purpose digital computer algorithm, and simulation results for a class of optimization problems that arise in prediction studies. The main problem is to select at each instant of time one, out of many possible, set of measurements. Each measurement strategy has an inherent cost associated with its use. The measurements are to be used so that prediction accuracy is maximized. Hence, one seeks an optimal measurement strategy, over a finite interval of time, such that a weighted combination of 'prediction error' and 'measurement cost' is minimized. The theory is illustrated by considering the problem of position prediction accuracy of an accelerating target in the presence of white acceleration and jerk forces, using either a position measurement or a velocity measurement. (Author)


Two male volunteers were kept hypokinetic in the immersion and physiological parameters were evaluated following the experiment. Prophylactic measures (g-forces, physical exercises, and supplementary salt and water) were applied daily. Caloric and equilibrium tests were utilized to evaluate the physiological responses. The functional changes observed after the 56 day immersion were found to be of a moderate type which normalized quite quickly.


Mating behavior in Ozophora lygaeid bugs is described for the first time. Male and female copulatory behavior differed between 0. baranowskii and 0. maculata. Females tapped or pushed the males with their hind legs during copulation. In 0. baranowskii female tapping was inversely correlated with copulation length, and male copulatory courtship occurred in association with tapping. Females sometimes ejected a spermatophore containing live sperm after copulation. Male behavior that stimulates the female during mating, copulatory courtship, occurs frequently among insects and spiders (Eberhard, 1991, 1994), probably to influence cryptic female choice, which occurs during or after copulation (Thornhill, 1983; Eberhard, 1991, 1994, 1996). Male post-copulatory courtship influenced sperm storage and use by the female in the fly Dtyomyza anilis (Otronen and Siva-Jothy, 1991; Otronen, 1997). On the other hand, female behavior that apparently stimulates the male during mating is much less frequent. For example, it occurred in only 5% of 132 species included in a study with detailed observations of mating on insects and spiders (Eberhard, 1994). But the surprising thing is that such behavior occurs at all, because it is usually the male that must try to induce favorable responses in the female. This paper gives a detailed description of the mating behavior of two lygaeid bugs, Ozophora baranowskii Slater & O'Donnell and Ozophora maculata Slater & O'Donnell. In both species the female touched the male during copulation in an apparently stimulatory manner. This is the first description of mating behavior for Ozophora bugs, which are often seed predators of figs (Slater, 1972). Details of behavior are used to evaluate explanations for male and female copulatory behavior. Materials and Methods Bugs were collected near San Antonio de Escazfi (el. 1300-1400 m), San Jose Province, Costa Rica, in an area of coffee plantations and secondary forest. Adults were captured from branches of Ficus padifolia (Moraceae) trees and from the ground below them, where nymphs were also found. Rearing methods are described in Rodriguez S. (1997). Last instar nymphs and adults were kept each in a Petri dish. Lab-reared females were not mated until after eight days post-molting to avoid the risk of increased early mortality sometimes associated with early copulation, as in the lygaeid Oncopeltus fasciatus (Loher and Gordon, 1968). Matings were observed in Petri dishes under a dissecting microscope. Keeping the Petri dish on a mirror, it was possible to observe some internal genitalic behavior during copulation through the partially transparent female ovipositor. Verbal descriptions were dictated to a tape ' Current address: Department of Entomology, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66045, USA. Accepted for publication 18 December 1998. JOURNAL OF THE KANSAS ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY ~ecorder After each mating the male was removed from the Petri dis male observed for 30 min to chec for spcrmatophore ejection Six 0. baranowskii pairs an one 0. n~czcuIata pair were fro uid nitrogen. Other 0. barano kii couplci~ were immobilized ) or molten paraffin iiirs fromr> with nitrop-en or ethyl chloride were kept in 1Ni Pthaiici ,à '5O o i i i S i \ \ i c'.!on lor the tissues to haulk& Averagi'ire yri i. i, * the standard error ( SE j. hfs a i irtherwise indicateil (GOtailed Milnn-Whi~~it:". ! /-tests were used to aiiÈiiyz daiii Vi lien several statistic 11 icsts were made wi '0 'Sic same data set, the sequciit iiis lionFei-rohi technique (Rice E^Wj was used to JI oid spurious significance. Vouc uci yw tineas were deposited at Bio (1nstiis~t.i) 8acion.d i>i Biodiversidad), Siiiito O O K I I I ! ~ de Hereha, Costc R n \ i


We present a state-of-the-art about the relationship between the feeling of insecurity, moral panic, wave of violence, and fear of crime, attending to psycho-social dispositions and Mass Media influence, along with the potential benefits of citizen participation spaces, approaching Neighborhood Councils in Cordoba, Argentina. We notice that Mass Media provoke the increase in fear of crime as well firm up favorable positions into punitivism. On the other hand, we observe conditions for a critical view of media strategies that are not given in Neighborhood Councils.


The process of Chinese governmental system reform is the dynamic change process of three relations of government,market and civil society in fact;the goal of Chinese governmental system reform should be the establishment of "the new tri-structure" of stable,relatively independent,division of labor and cooperation.Under the relations of "the new tri-structure", the civil society should be important one,the mature and the development of civil society is a important mark of gradual perfection of Chinese governmental system reform,also is a important way of governmental system reform.Chinese civil society's development has formed a bidirectional interaction relation with the development of the governmental system reform.


Absorbance subtraction spectra, a common application of Fourier transform infrared (FT-ir) spectrometers, typically requires wavenumber scale repeatabilities of the order of 10−3 cm−1. Such repeatabilities are possible only if both spectra are taken with the same or no vignetting, as the following analysis shows.


How much fuel do the generators use during normal operation? At exercise? The generator fuel consumption is given in each of the product knowledge books and is also in each of the owner's manuals. The fuel consumption is given at 25, 50, 75 and 100% load ratings. Use the full load consumption rate for proper pipe sizing. Will my fuel bill increase from the generator exercising? The increase in cost will be minimal. The generator will only be running for about 12 minutes a week with no load. What size LP tank should be used for each unit? We recommend a minimum tank size of 250 gallons be used with the air-cooled units. This allows for between 100-170 hours of operation under full load conditions, depending on model. We recommend a minimum tank size of 500 gallons to be used with the liquid-cooled units. This allows for 83-133 hours of operation under full load conditions, depending on model. In very cold temperatures, it may be necessary to size the tank even larger to allow for adequate vaporization. Never use a gas grill type LP tank to operate any generator. It will not provide enough fuel flow and ice the tank and line. For specific fuel consumption refer to the owner's manual.


In order to solve the problems concerning the maximum independent set, the EA/G algorithm was improved by analyzing the algorithm for the solutions to the maximum clique problems from the aspects of selecting the initial solution,constructing populations and genetic strategies.A self-learning evolution algorithm was put forward.After abundant experiments were performed on DIMACS benchmark.The experimental results show that the results obtained by the self-learning evolution algorithm are much better than those by the EA/G algorithm.


The key aims and objectives of the Australian Securities and Investments Commission (ASIC) to supervise ASX licensed domestic financial market operations are discussed. Some of the various activities performed by ASIC are highlighted.


Trichilemmal cyst is a rare benign tumor of the skin, with distinct keratinisation and a predilection for the scalp. In the eyelid, these benign hair follicle lesions clinically mimic chalazion and recurrences occur with incomplete removal of cyst wall. To the best of authors' knowledge, only 7 cases of eyelid trichilemmal cysts have been described in English literature. Herein, we report a case of a 56-year-old lady with a nodule on the upper eyelid, with typical clinical features and characteristic histopathological findings aiding the diagnosis of trichilemmal cyst. Complete resection was performed to prevent recurrence. The authors also reviewed the cases of eyelid trichilemmal cyst reported in literature to highlight the demography, clinical features, and management of this rare eyelid tumor.


At a population level, a 3% lower all-cause mortality represents a rather large effect size, one that is very difficult to obtain though lifestyle changes. Therefore, we were very surprised that those criticizing our article 6,7 completely ignored this fact, and that the overall conclusion of our paper that 'in this nationwide study, having a diagnosis of skin cancer was associated with less myocardial infarction, less hip fracture in those below age 90 years and less


The correlation between low temperature impact toughness and welding input in heat-affected zone of 9%Ni steel was investigated by means of thermal simulation technique, impact test(-196 ℃),microstructure observation and transmission electron microscope. The results show that the times of welding thermal cycle and the peak temperature of the second-pass welding have main effect on the low temperature toughness of coarse-grained heat-affected zone(CGHAZ). The proper peak temperature of the second-pass welding can make the structure of CGHAZ dissociated and reverse-austenite on the boundary gotten,which is benefit for the low temperature impact toughness.


According to the characteristics of information demands by the users of the public library in the 21 st century,the paper discusses the problems and strategies of the development and utilization of the information for newspaper and periodicals.


The purpose of this correspondence is to point out that the computation required to convert FDM to TDM in [1] can be further reduced by a simple modification. The computation rates per channel are required to be 384 000 multiplications/s and 792 000 additions/s in [1]. After modification, those are reduced to 203 000 multiplications/s and 448 000 additions/s. In addition, about 300 words of storage can also be saved.


In today's production conditions, it is very important for companies to produce products that meet the determined quality standards. In addition to the production of semi-finished products produced in plastic injection lines with high quality and efficiency, it is aimed to reduce the lost time and waste materials in production. Since automobile headlights can be in many different colors, it is necessary to keep the product quality at a high level in the transition between colors in the production made by plastic injection and to reduce the number of defective products caused by color errors. In this study, the problem of a single row-dependent machine to reduce the amount of waste that occurs between color transitions in the plastic injection line of an automotive side-industry company producing headlights is discussed. Tabu Search method, which is one of the heuristic optimization algorithms was used to solve the problem. In the solution, production sequences that will reduce the amount of waste of the products in the production program were created by using the annual data kept by the production department of the factory. The algorithm was run using data from two machines out of 18, saving 134 kg of waste materials. It has been clarified that if the developed algorithm is applied to all machines in the department, productivity and product quality will be increased by saving waste materials.


This paper deals with two algorithms for monitoring the QoS and based on it to detect failures in voice communication systems. These algorithms are based on the analysis of data stored in Call Detail Records (CDR). For each call one CDR or ticket is generated. These tickets contain data related to the call describing the system elements involved, such as time and duration of the call, phone types and numbers, SS7 signaling, trunks, time slots, what happen to the call, etc. The tickets are generated in PSTN switches or over VoIP gateways, for the case of Internet Protocol Detail Record (IPDRs). These tickets can be used to monitor the QoS and to detect faults focusing in different aspects related to the call, such as technical, economic, or social. Our main goal is to analyze and classify these algorithms according to their performance and use.


OBJECTIVE
To determine whether sex of fetus, sire, month of conception, or year of foaling was associated with duration of gestation in mares.

DESIGN
Epidemiologic retrospective cohort study.

ANIMALS
500 foalings for 296 Standardbred mares.

PROCEDURE
Data for reproductive events from 1986 to 1992 were analyzed. Analyses were conducted to determine whether duration of gestation was associated with sex of fetus, sire, month of conception, or year of foaling.

RESULTS
Mean duration of gestation was 343.3 days and was significantly greater for colt fetuses (344.4 days) than for filly fetuses (342.2 days). Sire was associated with duration of gestation; gestation after mating with certain sires was consistently less than 340 days in duration, whereas duration after mating with other sires was consistently more than 350 days. Duration of gestation was associated with month of conception, decreasing by about 2.5 d/mo for mares conceiving later during the breeding season.

CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS
Duration of gestation is affected by mating to specific sires and by month of conception. Stallions associated with exceptionally prolonged gestations might be used to breed mares early in the breeding season, whereas stallions associated with shorter gestations might be desirable for mares bred later in the breeding season. Preparations for impending parturition should be more effective and efficient with improved information on expected date of parturition.


Democracy, the rule by the people, is commonly equated with rule by the many. This ideal is in turn equated with rule by the different, or rule by people from all walks of life. And both these ideals are often treated as equivalent to the idea of descriptive representation. This last ideal holds that different social groups should be represented on political decision-making bodies in numbers proportionate to their presence in the general population. It is easy to see why these three ideals should be treated as equivalent; descriptive representation, in any moderately pluralistic society, implies rule by the different, and requires rule by the many for its attainment. Nevertheless the three ideals are distinct; rule by the many does not imply rule by the different, and neither implies descriptive representation. It is therefore important to figure out just how large a contribution each of these three ideals can make to democracy. This paper examines the respective epistemic contributions of the three ideals—in other words, the contributions they make to the quality of political decision-making. The paper defends three conclusions: 1) the contribution that rule by the many makes to democratic decision-making can easily be explained using the Condorcet Jury Theorem (CJT); 2) extending the CJT to capture the contribution made by rule by the different requires specific conditions, and homogeneity (i.e., lack of difference) will often make sense epistemically; 3) even when rule by the different is justified epistemically, descriptive representation will only be justified in turn under fairly exacting conditions of uncertainty. The paper concludes by reflecting on the implications for direct democracy and sortition, both of which are typically defended in terms of all three ideals.


PURPOSE: To provide an improved method and device for executing a program on a multiprocessor computer system. CONSTITUTION: In a distributed processing environment, each local processor maintains the program stack of each version of an applicable task program, and the program can execute nest type and recursive calling by crossing a processor boundary. Thus, the traveling of a code written for a single sled or a single processor on a distributed system can be supported. COPYRIGHT: (C)1995,JPO


This paper presents a kind of asymmetric bifilar pendulum absorber. The mathematical model of bifilar pendulum vibration absorber is established by using multi-body dynamics. Acceleration impedance of the fuselage is considered in the model. The fourth order Runge-Kutta algorithm is used in time integration of the nonlinear dynamic formulations deduced from the model, so that the swing angle and efficiency of vibration absorption could be calculated. The difference of length between two pairs of support arms is used as the parameter. And the influence of arm length on absorption efficiency is also analyzed at different excitations. Compared with symmetric bifilar pendulum absorber, the asymmetric one plays a better role at the large excitation. The results show that, a proper choice of structural parameters could make the absorption efficiency of asymmetric absorber exceed 90% at the large excitation and could work in 50% wider range of excitation amplitude than the symmetric one. INTRODUCTION Dynamic loads from helicopter main rotor blades concentrate on the rotor hub when the rotor rotates in the complex aerodynamic environment, which forms a main vibration source of the helicopter. In order to reduce the helicopter vibration, some measures, such as vibration absorption, vibration isolation and active vibration control have been used in modern helicopters. Among these measures, the bifilar pendulum vibration absorber is a dynamic absorber which absorbs in-plane rotor vibration effectively, widely used in helicopters, such as UH-60, Lynx and Mi-171. Bifilar pendulum vibration absorber consists of support arms and tuning masses. A main tuning mass is attached to the support arm by adding two pins rolling in the tracking holes. The diameters of the pins and the tracking holes are d and D respectively, which is shown in Figure 1(a). The other side of the support arm is fixed on the hub, which turns around the center O with the main rotor. Point A is the midpoint of the two hole centers on the support arm. And Point E is the midpoint of the two hole centers on the turning mass. Point G is the gravity center of the turning mass. When the turning mass oscillates, EG is paralleled to OA all the time. Therefore, the bifilar pendulum vibration absorber could be simplified as a physical model illustrated in Figure 1 (b), in which r is the length of the cycloid and R is the length of equivalent arm . Conventional bifilar pendulum vibration absorbers are centrosymmetric. As nonlinear dynamic characteristics comes into existence when the tuning mass works at a large swing angle under the condition of large excitation, the bifilar pendulum absorber will lose The 2 Asian/Australian Rotorcraft Forum and The 4 International Basic Research Conference on Rotorcraft Technology Tianjin, China, September 08-11, 2013 144 effectiveness or even become a vibration generator at large excitations. An asymmetric structure is proposed as a solution to that problem in this paper. The modeling of bifilar pendulum vibration absorber with four support arms is accomplished by using multi-body dynamics, from which the nonlinear dynamic formulations with the asymmetric structure coupling between the rotor and fuselage are derived. The in-plane dynamic load is simulated in the model. The fourth order Runge-Kutta algorithm is adopted in time integration of dynamic formulations mentioned above so that the acceleration response in X and Y directions, as well as the efficiencies of vibration absorption are calculated. (a) (b) Fig.1 The bifilar pendulum absorber and its physical model MODELING The mathematical model of bifilar pendulum vibration absorber is established by using multi-body dynamics, as shown in Figure 2. Fig.2 Mathematical model The ground coordinates I, the rotating coordinates O and the pendulum coordinates B are set in the model. The origin O and B correspond to point O and B respectively in Figure 1(b). i ψ is the azimuth angle and i θ is the swing angle of the i-th arm. According to the coordinates transformation, the rotation tensor of the model is obtained: cos sin 0 sin cos 0 0 1 0 cos sin 0 sin cos 0 0 1 0 i


We consider black p-brane solutions of the low energy string action, computing scalar perturbations. Using standard methods, we derive the wave equations obeyed by the perturbations and treat them analytically and numerically. We have found that tensorial perturbations obtained via a gauge-invariant formalism leads to the same results as scalar perturbations, thus opening the possibility of applying the results to the study of quark-gluon-plasma. No instability has been found.


The Valparaiso University campus is becoming more diverse as each year passes. The undergraduate population on campus is experiencing a rise in international admissions. Although the University has many recognized student organizational groups, including VISA (Valparaiso International Student Association), these student organizations are failing to connect with one another, which results in a very fragmented student population rather than an intertwined group of young adults. The prior being the case, this campaign directly targets the international student association known as VISA, and is related to increasing student awareness (both international and national) of the VISA organization, their events, and also increasing student participation and membership within the program. This campaign will likely prove to be mutually beneficial to both the VISA program and to all other campus organizations that form partnerships with VISA.


The properties of an atmospheric agent of unknown nature (X agent) were investigated. The agent appears to act in a north-south direction, can penetrate a Cu plate, and alters various biologic materials, including plart seeds, bacteria, blood cells, and protein. As tested on its ability to denature protein molecules in solution, a large temporal variation in the intensity of the factor was observed since on some days its action was weak or undetectable. (H.H.D.)


2° d(x,y) = d(y,x) for all x,y e X. Let be the system of subsets of X defined by the property: U e if and only if for every x e U there is c > 0 such that S(x,e) = {y e X: d(x,y) < c> c U. is clearly a topology on X. For x,y e X let p(x,y) = min {l,d(x,y)}. Note that p satisfies all axioms of a symmetric (see[l] or[6]) and clearly is a topology generated by this symmetric. An exhausting discussion of basic properties of symmetrizable spaces was presented by Nedev in [1]. In our paper we shall show that the topology may be defined in another way. First we define an operator p as follows: for any AcX, p(A) s {x e X: S(x,e) n A * a for every c > 0}. An immediate consequence of this definition is the following


Outline map of eastern New York, Vermont, New Hampshire, and northern Massachusetts showing four proposed railroad routes. A list of distances appear below the title.


ian and secretive society suppressed the trade of rice, teak and minerals for the benefit of the elite class. Corruption and crime have plagued the development of Burma at all levels of economic society, with the result that the illegal export of natural resources and rice provides a higher commercial income base than legally cultivated timber and rice or mining operations. Perry's one failure in the organisation of the book is the way the material is presented. For example, he mentions the Green Revolution at the beginning but does not explain it until several pages later. Also, his sentence constructions are lengthy and contain too many ideas or statements that would be better arranged in short paragraphs. Another criticism relates to the proofreader, for there are numerous grammatical errors throughout the book, including missing words, misspelled words, word-order irregularities and missing punctuation. Fortunately, Perry's incorporation of crossreferences and many years of personal teaching experience provide a valuable key to the success of this book. His command of the country's troubled social history and events leading to the current state of developmental failures make this book an invaluable reference for students and researchers of global studies, Southeast Asian history, political studies and Burmese studies.


The perplexing "Deception Speech" in Sophocles' Ajax has been the subject of much scholarship.1 This is not surprising, since many believe that this magnificent, mysterious, and complex speech (646-92) is the key to understanding the entire play. It appears at the center of the play and acts as the play's major turning point. Nearly all the action leads up to this speech, and, as the play progresses, refers back to it.2 The events surrounding this speech are these: Dishonored by failing to receive the arms of Achilles, Ajax attempts to kill the Greek commanders in their sleep, but is deluded by Athena for his excessive pride. In his madness he tortures and slaughters the Greeks' sheep and cattle. Ajax returns to his senses, learns of his deeds, and determines to commit suicide, for his shame


In this paper, an analytical quasi 3D analysis is used to model unbalanced magnetic forces in an axial flux permanent magnet machine (AFPMM) under static eccentricity (SE) condition. Accurate modeling of the magnetic forces in AFPMMs requires three-dimensional (3D) finite element method (FEM). However, 3D FEM is generally too time consuming. Quasi 3D modeling method gives the ability to reduce the time and size of computations by transforming 3D geometry of an AFPMM to several 2D models. Using quasi 3D modeling, the air-gap length, magnetic flux density and magnetic forces are modeled under SE by analytical equations. The results given by proposed method is compared to 3D FEM results and it is shown that this results are accurate enough to evaluate magnetic forces. Moreover, using this method is significantly less time consuming process than 3D FEM simulation process.


The phylogenetic relationships within the family Roccellaceae (lichen fungi) were investigated. Seventy‐two nucleotide sequences of the nuclear large subunit ribosomal RNA gene (LSU) and the second largest RNA polymerase subunit (RPB2) were newly obtained from 48 taxa. The family Roccellaceae was highly supported as monophyletic. The fruticose growth habit has evolved or been lost multiple times in the family and several times even within genera. In Roccellina with 31 species it has evolved three times and in Pentagenella with three species it has been lost once. The genera Roccella and Roccellina were found paraphyletic as two Roccella species nested with Roccellina. The non‐fruticose genus Roccellina was emended to include these two fruticose species as well as the monotypic, fruticose genus Roccellaria. As a result of the phylogenetic analyses six new nomenclatural combinations were made: Pentagenella corallina (Follm. and Peine) Tehler, Pentagenella ligulata (Peine and Follm.) Tehler, Roccellina cumingiana (Gay) Tehler, Roccellina hypomecha (Ach.) Tehler, Roccellina mollis (Hampe) Tehler, Roccellina portentosa (Mont. ex Gay) Tehler. Roccella is mainly distributed on the northern hemisphere while Roccellina is mainly distributed on the southern hemisphere. The Roccella species present on the Galapagos Islands are related to those in California and the northern hemisphere not, as was generally believed, to those in Chile and the southern hemisphere. The present data set may indicate that Bayesian analysis can give misleading topologies and overestimated posterior support values when insufficiently sampled taxa are included in an otherwise well sampled data set.


Knowledge of dissolved organic matter (DOM) size distribution is of tremendous practical significance in both natural and engineered aquatic and terrestrial systems. This study was conducted to dem...


Producing embossing rollers is a specialised process carried out by only a few companies around the world. This article from one of those companies (Keller Dorian Graveurs, Lyon, France), considers the different aspects of embossing roller production.


In 2000 the number of minor children who had an incarcerated parent was 1.5 million and that number continues to rise. This research paper examines the demographic background of incarcerated parents, child characteristics, effects of visitation and its benefits, parenting, programs for incarcerated parents, public policies and what these families can look forward to. It examines and analyzes the literature as it relates to issues families are faced with when a parent is sentenced to prison. Results of this review indicate that children tend to respond negatively to being separated from their parents, and that these children are five to six times more at-risk to become involved in the criminal justice system and tend to show signs of cognitive, development delays, regression in behaviors, and inappropriate coping methods. With the growing number of parents being incarcerated and children living without a parent, more research needs to take place to get a better understanding on what policies need to be reformed and put in place to help this growing population.


Objective To evaluate the clinical effect of anti-HLA antibodies on allograft acute rejection.Methods Perioperative sera of 136 cadaveric kidney recipients were tested by ELISA for anti-HLA I and Ⅱ antibodies in our prospective cohort study. All recipients who were divided into different groups according to HLA antibody production were followed up.Results Forty-nine recipients positive for anti-HLA antibody had an acute rejection rate of 32.65 %, compared with a 13.79 % rate in those negative for antibody (P= 0.000). The allograft acute rejection-free survival was observed as: HLA-I-/Ⅱ-HLA-I-/Ⅱ+HLA-I+/Ⅱ-HLA-I+/Ⅱ+(Log-Rank test, P= 0.03).Conclusion Posttransplant HLA antibodies contributed to the episode of acute rejection. The production of anti-HLA class I antibodies was strongly associated with the occurrence of acute rejection.


Rational lifestyle engineering through synthetic biology has made it possible to improve industrial performance of cell factories for the production of a range of biobased chemicals. However, only an estimated 1 in 5,000 to 10,000 innovations make it through the Valley of Death to market implementation. To gain insights into the key bottlenecks and opportunities to reach market implementation, an exploratory study was performed by conducting 12 in-depth interviews with 8 industrial and 4 academic participants. We found that academics are limited only by technical factors in their research, while industry is restricted in their choices and flexibility by a series of technical, sector dependent and social factors. This leads to a misalignment of interests, often resulting in miscommunication. Although both agree that academia must perform curiosity-driven research to find innovative solutions, there is pressure for short-term industrial applications. All these factors add up to the Valley of Death; the gap between development and market implementation. A third party, in the form of start-up companies, could be the answer to bridging the Valley of Death.


Sentiment analysis refers to opinion mining and a machine learning task where one would like to work out what theoveral sentiment of a given document is. Using natural language processing and model training we will extract the subjective information of tweets froma particular dataset and checkitout to classify it consistent with its polarity like positive,neutral,or negative. The papers suggest a model created usingtheLSTM algorithmand some additional other layers of machinelearning for better sentiment analysis. Even though sentimentanalysis is really far away from being solved since the language is extremely complex because of objectivity/subjectivity, negation, vocabulary, grammar still this sequential model achieves the accuracy of approximately 81%. Thus , this work shows that there wide applications yet to be done. Keywords—Twitter, Sentiment Analysis, Natural Language processing, Long Short Term Memory (LSTM)


Abstract: The musical lives of Mukund
 Nayak, awarded India ' s Padma Sri medal for artistic accomplishment in 2017,
 his eldest son Nandu, and his youngest daughter Chandrakanta lay open the
 tensions and contradictions in the competing modalities of modernity that are
 transforming regional music across India today. Rather than a series of
 successive stages or neat dichotomies, their musical modernities are complex,
 coexisting, and overlapping, shaped by place, identity, politics, economics,
 gender, and idiosyncratic, individual experiences. Their conflicting and
 fragmentary strategies to sustain their inherited knowledge and livelihoods have
 left the next generation without a clear path to the
 future.


We suggest a one dimensional jump detection algorithm based on local polynomial tting for jumps in regression functions (zero-order jumps) or jumps in derivatives ((rst-order or higher-order jumps). If jumps exist in the m-th order derivative of the underlying regression function, then an (m + 1) order polynomial is tted in a neighborhood of each design point. We then characterize the jump information in the coeecients of the highest order terms of the tted polynomials and suggest an algorithm for jump detection. This method is introduced brieey for the general setup and then presented in detail for zero-order and rst-order jumps. Several simulation examples are discussed. We apply this method to the Bombay (India) sea-level pressure data.


Although the spatial resolution of a scanning Auger microprobe is limited by its electron optics, its effectiveness for the analysis of semiconductor devices that have features of interest comparable in size to the diameter of the analyzing electron beam is enhanced by a variation in the method of signal detection. Signal detection in an Auger spectrometer is most often accomplished using phase‐sensitive detection. The modulating signal required in the phase‐sensitive detection process is applied to the electron energy analyzer. Instead, by applying the modulating signal directly to different electrically isolatable regions of a device, only those Auger electrons originating in a particular region are detected. By rejecting signals from regions adjacent to a modulated region, Auger spectra characteristic only of the region of interest are obtained without spurious contributions from adjacent areas inadvertently illuminated by the analyzing beam.


Abstract : The use of chemically or thermally inactivated biothreat toxins in detection methodologies can prove problematic when the resulting toxoids become attenuated or altered to the point that they are no longer recognizable by the antibody-based test methods for which they were intended. Recombinant technology was used to assess whether a nontoxic surrogate could be developed that retains the relative epitopes for antibody-based detection platforms. Here, three small batches of staphylococcal enterotoxin B triple mutant (L45R, Y89A, and Y94A) were prepared for the Defense Biological Products Assurance Office (DBPAO) to demonstrate the reproducibility of recombinant antigen production. Yields of starting material and final purified product were determined. Post-production testing for these batches was performed to identify purity, homogeneity, and activity as determined by the DBPAO using a Meso Scale Discovery SEB SinglePlex PR2 electrochemiluminescence assay (Meso Scale Diagnostics; Rockville, MD). Test results revealed that this product demonstrates high levels of reproducibility and consistency in yield, purity, homogeneity, and antigenicity.


Based on information visualization,targeted at specific types of information visualization technology and visualization of large information resource,the article analysis the technology development and its practical application.The article pointed out the problem of information visualization development like recent years' developed hasn't formed system,integrated visualization technology as well as full text visualization theory.


Objective To observe the effect of intravenous antioxidant therapy to be used for the treatment of severe acute pancreatitis.Methods A randomised,placebo controlled trial of intravenous antioxidant(n-acetylcysteine,selenium,vitamin C) therapy in patients with predicted severe acute pancreatitis was been conducted.44 patients were enrolled and distribute into two groups(22 cases per group,one treated by antioxidant,another by placebo) over the period April 2002 to November 2006.APACHE-Ⅱ score,Marshall organ dysfunction score,logistic organ dysfunction score and measurement of antioxidant levels were recorded at six time points.Results During 3 to 7 days,there was statistically significant difference on the APACHE-Ⅱ score(P0.05),the incidence rate of MODS and death rate of intervention group were lower than placebo group.Days in admission and ICU of intervention group also fewer than placebo.Conclusion This study provides evidence to justify antioxidant therapy was effective in severe acute pancreatitis,which can reduce the incidence rate of MODS and death rate and cut down the Length of stay.


The development of our bill market is not only the inevitable trend of developing our socialist market economy, but also the objective need of our fina ncial industry receiving WTO challenge. As the degree of financial reform and in novation is not enough, especially the system innovation obvious lag, restrict b adly the development of our bill market. The new system that embodies the demand of market economy already becomes" seldom resource" of economy society. This a rticle thinks that increasing the density and frequency of system innovation is chief problem to promote fast development of our bill market.


Cattle and sheep are fed ketoisocaproate (KIC) with a diet of limited leucine content for enhancement of growth and feed efficiency. The method is especially applicable to beef cattle and sheep being raised for meat production, but it can also be used with veal calves and mature sheep being fed for wool production.


Edgar Allan Poe is traditionally acclaimed as the father of the short story.
However, when he referred to his narratives the word he used was that of tales.
This is the reason why our purpose is to analyze both his definition of tale and his
short narratives. Without being totally conscious of it, Poe created a complete new
theory about the genre he mastered. He stated that a Tale must have a singleness of
effect, a unity achieved by originality of plot and that it should require from half an
hour to one or two hours in its perusal. It can be appreciated the presence of a new
complexity which distinguished the real short story from the more relaxed line of
events in the earlier tale, as it has been put forward by Walter Allen or James
Miller. Bearing this in mind, we will try to establish in which of his stories he
succeeded in applying his own theory of story telling and in which others he failed
to do so, considering the distinction established between grotesques and
arabesques.


Despite its popularity, few studies characterize the acute hormonal and metabolic responses to combined endurance and resistance exercise (concurrent exercise, CE). Since exercise order might influence training adaptations, elucidating these acute responses might contribute to optimizing program design. The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of CE order on endocrine and metabolic responses. Nine healthy, concurrently trained males (age = 22.7 ± 1.7 y; mass = 84.8 ± 11.9 kg; height = 176.1 ± 7.4 cm) performed two CE trials: resistance exercise (squat, bench press, lat pulldown: 60% 1‐RM, 4 sets × 10 reps, 90‐s rest intervals) followed by endurance exercise (RE‐EE) and EE (cycling: 80% ventilatory threshold for 30‐min) followed by RE (EE‐RE). Growth hormone, testosterone, cortisol, glucose, lactate (Lac) and free fatty acids were measured prior to CE, between exercise bouts, following CE, and 15, 30, and 60 minutes post‐CE. [Lac] was significantly greater at all post‐CE time points in EE‐RE (AUC = 909 ± 123 mmol•min/L) than RE‐EE (AUC = 777 ± 93 mmol•min/L). Plausibly, enhanced lactate metabolism during EE reduced [Lac] in RE‐EE. No differences were observed between trials for any other variable. Thus, differences in concurrent training adaptations predicated on CE order might not derive from humoral variations. Funding provided by California State University, Fullerton.


Laser produced plasma EUV source is the candidate for high quality, 115 W EUV light source for the next generation lithography. Cost effective laser driver is the key requirement for the realization of the concept as a viable scheme. A CO2 laser driven LPP system with a Xenon droplet target is therefore a promising light source alternative for EUV. We are developing a high power and high repetition rate CO2 laser system to achieve 10 W intermediate focus EUV power. High conversion efficiency (CE) from the laser energy to EUV in-band energy is the primarily important issue for the concept to be realized. Numerical simulation analysis of a Xenon plasma target shows that a short laser pulse less than 15 ns is necessary to obtain a high CE by a CO2 laser. This paper describes on the development of a CO2 laser system with a short pulse length less than 15 ns, a nominal average power of a few kW, and a repetition rate of 100 kHz, based on RF-excited, axial flow CO2 laser amplifiers. Output power of 1 kW has been achieved with a pulse length 15 ns at 100 kHz repletion rate in a small signal amplification condition with P(20) single line. The CO2 laser system is reported on the conceptual design for a LPP EUV light source, and amplification performance in CW and short pulse using RF-excited axial flow lasers as amplifiers. Additional approach to increase the amplification efficiency is discussed.


Sixteen patients with serious Gram-negative bacillary infections were treated with intravenous ceftazidime, 2 g every 8 h. The majority of patients had bacteraemia or pneumonitis or both. Ten patients were cured and six improved. Seven of ten patients infected with Pseudomonas aeruginosa were cured, and three improved. No adverse reactions occurred. Four strains of Ps. aeruginosa became resistant to ceftazidime in patients who were cured or improved clinically. Ceftazidime is effective as single drug therapy for serious Gram-negative infections, including those due to Ps. aeruginosa.


This paper introduce the shortage of PSTN,the status and shortage of VoIP.Then introduce the benefit of VoIP application on Enterprise IP network,analyse the problems.Based on the new VoIP equipment-IPPBX,This paper introduce two application projects for enterprise IP network,which are for different telecom environments,are provided with practicality value,can be developped to multimedia integrated operation network.


The pH and buffering potential for water extract of seven hardwoods and three softwoods were determined. The pH values ranged from 3.81 to 5.51 for hardwoods and 4.08 to 5.49 for softwoods. The gelation time for a urea-formaldehyde resin for each wood was determined and found to be a range of one minute thirty seven seconds to two minutes thirty nine seconds. Results shows that gelation time of a urea-formaldehyde resin was directly correlated to the pH and inversely correlated with acid buffering potential for seven hardwoods and three softwoods aqueous extracts Keywords: gelation time, acid and base buffering potential, urea formaldehyde resin


The light reflected from a surface depends on the scene geometry, the incident illumination and the surface material. A novel methodology is presented which extracts reflectivity information of the various materials in the scene independent of incident light and scene geometry. A scene is captured under different narrow-band color filters and the spectral derivatives of the scene are computed. The resulting spectral derivatives form a spectral gradient at each pixel. This spectral gradient is a material descriptor which is invariant to scene geometry and incident illumination for smooth diffuse surfaces. Spectral gradients can discriminate among smooth dielectrics with different reflectance properties independent of viewing conditions.


Mixed-phase nanocrystalline titania (TiO 2) with varying rutile content has been synthesized via solvent mixing and calcination (SMC) treatment of sol−gel-derived nanocrystalline anatase-TiO 2 and rutile-TiO 2 precursors. The mixed-phase nanocrystalline TiO 2 processed via sol−gel SMC has been characterized using X-ray diffraction, the scanning electron microscope, high-resolution transmission electron microscope, and ultraviolet−visible (UV−vis) diffuse reflectance spectroscope for analyzing its morphology, phase contents, nanocrystallite size distribution, and band gap. The photocatalytic activity of mixed-phase nanocrystalline TiO 2 processed via sol−gel SMC is measured by monitoring the degradation of the methylene blue dye in an aqueous solution, under the UV-radiation exposure, using the UV−vis absorption spectroscope. It is demonstrated that the photocatalytic activity of mixed-phase nanocrystalline TiO 2 processed via sol−gel SMC is a function of rutile content with the maximum photocatalytic acti...


In this Article Professor Banks argues that what makes many of filmmaker John Waters early films so subversive is his use of the "white-trash" body - people marginalized by and excluded from conventional white America - as countercultural heroes. He uses the white trash body as a surrogate for talk about race and sexuality in the early 1960s. I argue that in many ways Waters' critiques of mid-twentieth century American society reflect the societal changes that occurred in the last forty years of that century. These societal changes resulted from the civil rights, gay pride, student, anti-war and women's movements, all of which used social protest and the legal process as vehicles for social change. Waters used his films not only as counter-narratives of mid-twentieth century mores but also as critiques of the increasingly disruptive effect of media forces in glamorizing criminality. Although the films Professor Banks discusses in this Article are set largely in the 1960s, many of the themes they raise - acceptance of difference, a rejection of exclusionary mores and the media's disruptive role in the quest for justice - continue to have currency.


When given the 3D IFS code ,the perspective transformation is appled for displaying 3D space fractal to 2D computer screen by changing the control pa rameters ,making a lot of idiosyncratic fractal graphics.


The basic theory of interval number is introduced into the group Analytic Hierarchy Process(AHP),and the expert weight coefficients are determined according to the cluster analysis principle,so a simple and convenient group AHP is obtained.The use of this new method shows that it is easier for the evaluation team to obtain impartial and reasonable results.A living example demonstrates the arithmetic application of the algorithm and the results are reasonable and accurate.


For high-resolution full-polarization radar system,the high resolution range profile(HRRP) of the missile is obtained based on the measured data in the hot missile target anechoic chamber,and the corresponding polarization scattering matrix of every scattering center is analyzed using polarization target decomposition,not only verifying the efficiency of extracting characteristics by polarization target decomposition,but also confirming the extracted characteristic to be able to help select the aim point of the missile as well.


:In accordance with airports' technical characteristics,a comprehensive indicator system to evaluate an airport's technical level is built up,each indicator's weight and evaluative differentials are defined and then,by making use of the data available,a sequential order in comparison is made in terms of the technical levels of the airports in China,the result of which is also analysed.


This time, the natural resources of zircon sand is processed into several zirconium products which is utilized for various industries, such as ceramics, glass industry, metal industry and nuclear industry. The process of zircon sand into zirconium products through several stages, one of them is leaching process of Na2ZrO3 with HCl. In this research, several variations of recycle-rate/feed-rate had been done to determine the effect on leaching process. The leaching was processed at temperature of 90°C, ratio of Na2ZrO3:HCl = 1g:30mL, and 142 rotary per minute of stirring speed for 30 minutes with variation of recycle-rate/feed-rate such as 0.478, 0.299, 0.218, 0.171 and 0.141. The diameter size of Na2ZrO3 powder that used are 0.088 to 0.149 mm. This process was carried out in Continuous Stirred Tank Reactor (CSTR) series with recycle. Based on this research, the greater of the recycle-rate/feed-rate variable, the obtained Zr recovery decreased. The correlation between recycle-rate/feed-rate and Zr recovery...


Abstract Most tourist development takes place in the coastal zone. Concentrated tourist use continues in spite of opposition by groups who feel that any tourism, especially international, threatens both the natural environment and local values. Although shorelines and "coastscapes"; belong to all, decisions regarding them are made by relatively few. The number of community organizations involved in coastal zone management decisions varies from almost none in some Third World countries to dozens in places like Hawaii or California. Constructive use of coastal zones requires an understanding of the interactions between biophysical and social systems. Planning tourism in this context requires that all groups with an interest in the coastal zone join in a new "cooperative tourism"; in which all contribute to decisions and face ultimate responsibilities.


Two difterent concepts for 1.30- and 1 .55-μm dual-wavelength demultiplexers/multiplexers, based on glass waveguides, the symmetric directional coupler, and the asymmetric Mach-Zehnder interlerometer, are analyzed and compared. Attention is given mainly to the sensitivity to fabrication parameter changes. The rather strict fabrication conditions needed to obtain satisfactory performance from directional couplers are examined. With Mach-Zehnder interferometers, the sensitivity is considerably lower, which indicates that the fabrication of these devices is uncomplicated.


Innovation as a core driver of industrial development needs careful consideration, since not each innovation holds the same degree of novelty and impact on the market place. Additionally, innovation is too often taken as a synonym for imitation and amongst many authors Trott complains about the ambiguous use of the term innovation (2007). As evidence provided by own research has shown, there is no clear and precise taxonomy for the field of innovation, which is considered a major disadvantage, since the gaining of mutually accepted knowledge and understanding is deprived (Oestreicher. 20112).

An opportunity of assessing innovation arises by using Keidel's framework of geometries of strategy, in which triangular thinking is considered as the most robust tool of assessment (2010). In a three dimensional approach a variety of determinants can be used, but three logics seem to be favourable, when considering the following research findings (Keidel. 2010):

§ Dimension 1 Collaboration: Innovation is rarely an isolated novelty, usually it consists of inputs of various parties (Hargadon. 2003); innovation consists (frequently) of product/service, infrastructure and ecosystem (Adomavicius et al. 2008).
§ Dimension 2 Autonomy: Innovation is formed by two forces, technology and market linkages leading to the thesis that any commercial innovation in technology is ultimately only as good as its impact on the marketplace (Abernathy et al. 1983, 1984).
§ Dimension 3 Control: Control can represent various meanings; one of the explanations is presented by Christensen et al. in their resources, process and values theory, another explanation is market control, which is executed by domination or patents [e.g. domination by Microsoft applications or industrial control by Sony with its patent of the Blu-ray technology] (2004).

Oestreicher and Oestreicher et al. have presented their research findings in two earlier papers, which addressed the Home Entertainment Industry as an exemplary study about product failure with regard to the jobs-to-be-done theory and why – due to the TRIZ theory – the Blu-ray disc is not the Ideal Final Result for the consumption of Home Entertainment content (2009, 2010, Christensen et al. 2004, Domb cited in Oestreicher et al. 2010). The research presented in this paper is based on this earlier argumentation. It constitutes a concluding assessment of the Home Entertainment Industry's innovation, or better survival strategies in its battle against the disruptive invader presented by new entrants into an established market. With reference to its present structure we use data collected in a long-term qualitative research for the assessment that managers of the Home Entertainment's replication industry made substantial strategic mistakes, which will, as even industry insiders expect by now, lead to this industry sector's obsolescence in the near future.

With regard to the assessment of innovation, as interviews state, the replication industry has missed the opportunity to innovate itself.

The geometry of strategy provides a research-based three-dimensional insight into the problematic of fighting with marginal tools against a radical invader. Keidel's strategy framework is extended by Kim et al's framework of conventional logic and value innovation logic offering a denser assessment particularly with regard to market impacts (2010, 1998, 2005).

Key words: Geometry of strategy, innovation assessment, conventional logic, value innovation logic, Home Entertainment Industry, path-dependency


ABSTRACT Aims To determine the prevalence of amblyopia and the factors associated with delayed diagnosis among school-aged children in Hong Kong. Methods Completed comprehensive ophthalmoscopic examinations were conducted among 4.273 children aged 6–8 years in the population-based Hong Kong Children Eye Study. New and previous diagnoses of amblyopia were identified. Socioeconomic status was surveyed through questionnaires. Results According to criteria from the Multi-Ethnic Pediatric Eye Disease Study (MEPEDS), amblyopia was present in 43 out of 4,273 children (1.01%; 95% CI, 0.71–1.31). Among them, 33 (0.77%) were newly detected cases that were more likely from families living in Public Rental Housing or subdivided flats (OR, 4.22; P = .012), with lower paternal (OR 6.68, P = .008) and maternal education levels (OR, 4.38; P = .039). Multivariate analysis revealed associations of amblyopia with hyperopia (≥+2.00D; OR, 6.23; 95% CI, 2.86–13.56, P < .001), astigmatism (≥+2.00D; OR, 24.88; 95% CI, 10.69–57.91, P < .001) and anisometropia (≥2.00D; OR, 14.49; 95% CI, 5.93–37.63, P < .001). Conclusion These children with delayed diagnoses of amblyopia were more likely to come from lower socioeconomic backgrounds. Public education aimed at increasing awareness and utilization of child vision screening among such families is needed.


Quali-quantitative and crystallographic characterizations of the different minerals of a soil are essential for the best evaluation of its genesis, degree of weathering, active pedogenetic processes, physical and chemical properties, and its potential reserve of mineral nutrients. This study presents the results of mineralogical investigations carried out to verify the influence of the different lithologies of three geological formations of a sedimentary nature on the mineralogical composition of the soils and the relation of this mineralogical composition to soil chemical properties. The study area is located in the physiographic region of the Santa Maria River basin in the municipality of Rosário do Sul, RS, Brazil, at 30° 15' 28" S and 54° 54' 50" W, with average altitude of 132 m and Cfa climate type. Topolithosequences were defined from soils developed from the lithology of the Pirambóia, Sanga-do-Cabral and Guará Formations, choosing representative soil profiles based on types of parent materials and variations in relief and altitude. A general and morphological description of the profiles was carried out, and soil samples were collected for analysis. The properties determined were texture, active and potential acidity, organic C, exchangeable Al, sum of bases, CEC at pH7, and base saturation. Mineralogical characterization of the clay fraction was performed by an X-ray diffractometer (XRD). In most of the profiles, kaolinite was the predominant clay, along with a significant contribution from 2:1 clay minerals and the presence of interstratified minerals in combination with kaolinite, which were related to the chemical properties of the soils. The crystallographic parameters of the kaolinite (full width at half maximum FWHM, layer-d spacing, mean crystallite size D, and mean number of layers NL) varied, revealing a distinct pedogenetic evolution, which can be attributed to different degrees of weathering, as well as differences in the source material. Large and asymmetrical reflexes related to the d001 and 002 planes of kaolinite indicated that they are due to the presence of kaolinite-smectite strata in association with pure kaolinites.


With the close of the summer, the start of a new academic year and some exciting new opportunities, the IAS has much to report. Our third annual IAS-Kress Lecture, given by Debra Pincus in Venice on June 6, was a great success. Details of her talk on Renaissance epigraphy, presented at the Palazzo Franchetti (seat of the Istituto Veneto di Scienze Lettere ed Arti), can be found below in this newsletter. I would like to give a special thanks not only to our speaker, but also to the numerous people who helped in the planning and facilitation of the event: Janna Israel, Meital Shai, Stefano Riccioni, Cristiana Filippini, Gail Solberg, and Cathleen Fleck and, at the Palazzo Franchetti, Sandro Franchini and Giovanna Palandri. I am happy to announce that the Samuel H. Kress Foundation has generously renewed sponsorship of the IAS-Kress Lecture Series in Italy; this funding will support another cycle of three lectures to be held annually in late May/early June. The IAS is actively soliciting paper proposals from established scholars based in North America for the 2013 lecture, which will be offered in Rome; the talk may address any period in Italian art, but it must be related to Rome or its environs. For more information, please consult our website (http://italianartsociety.org/?page_id=195; application deadline January 4, 2013).


Progress in medicine has definitely increased the chances of successful management of many clinical conditions. Unfortunately, some of these advances are connected with the frequent appearance of hitherto relatively rare mycotic infections. Fungal opportunists, mainly Candida albicans, Cryptococcus neoformans, Aspergillus fumigatus, and certain zygomycetes ‐ all endowed with pathogenic properties ‐ take advantage of changes in the human body which are often caused by modern means of treatment. These include long‐term application of antibiotic drugs with broad antibacterial spectrum; application of immuno‐suppressive therapy; and administration of corticosteroids, antimetabolites, and cytostatic drugs. Of increasing importance is contaminated technical equipment for maintaining or restoring essential functions of life during operations and intensive care, mainly because the proper and frequent disinfection of such apparatus presents many difficulties; this also refers to apparatus for repeated hemodialysis. Solutions for intravenous use, therapeutic eye or ear drops and ointments have been contaminated with fungi and provoked iatrogenic mycoses. Post‐operative administration of antibiotics after heart surgery done without previous decontamination of the patient, and decreased resistance against infection of patients suffering from neoplastic diseases, leukemia, and lymphomas require particular attention.


The utility model discloses a special telescopic insulation grounding rod for ultrahigh voltage transmission lines, comprising an outer pipe. The outer pipe is internally provided with an inner pipe, and the front end of the inner pipe extends outside the outer pipe to be provided with a wire locking device; a ground wire fixing frame is arranged on the wire locking device and is provided with a ground wire; the rear end of the outer pipe is provided with a rotary sleeve, the inner wall of the rotary sleeve is provided with a ring-shaped groove, and the outer wall of the outer pipe is provided with a ring-shaped boss; the rotary sleeve is internally provided with a nut, the outer pipe is internally provided with a push rod, and the rear end of the push rod is provided with a screw; the two sides of the push rod are respectively provided with a through groove, and the outer pipe is internally provided with a fixed frame; the front end of the push rod is provided with a cone body; the push rod is internally provided with a fixed rod, the rear end of the fixed rod is connected with the fixed frame, the upper end of the fixed rod penetrates through the cone body to be provided with a guide seat, the side wall of the guide seat is provided with four dovetail grooves, the guide seat is internally provided with four tensioning sheets, and the outer surfaces of the tensioning sheets are provided with inverted teeth; and each tensioning sheet is provided with a guide block, the four tensioning sheets are positioned at the outer circumference of the cone body and hoop springs are arranged on the outer circumferences of the four tensioning sheets.


We present a generic classification method based on a label diffusion on graph. Inspired by the watershed transform widely used in the image segmentation field, we propose a simple algorithm working on distances graphs of any topology. Applied to the faces identification problem, this method can deal with any type of distances. We propose also two penalty functions that clearly improve the identification results when used within the diffusion process.


Objective To study the effect of shengmai injection combined with magnesium on improving congestive heart failure(CHF) .Methods 60 patients with CHF were divided randomly into two groups.30 patients were as the control groups,30 patients were as the treatment groups.The control group was treated with regular anti heart failure drug(ACE inhibitor,digosin and diuretic, Betablock ) .The treatment group treated with shengmai injection and magnesiumt on the basis of above regular treatment. Each group treated for 21 day9. All patient measured the concentration of magnesium before and after treatment. In each group echocardiography was performed in all patients before and after the treatment to evaluate the improvement of cardiac function. Results The test showed that the treatment effect of heart failure in treatment group is better than control group, and the LVEF was significantly increased in treatment group( P 0.05), the concentration of magnesium in plasma is higher than control group( P 0.05). Conclusion Shengmai injection combined with magnesium can improve cardiac function.


A field experiment was conducted during the Rabi seasons of 2014–15 and 2015–16 on a silty clay loam soil at Palampur. Avena ludoviciana (36.3%), Phalaris minor (27.5%), Lolium temulentum (13.9%), Anagallis arvensis (10%) and Coronopus didymus (6.9) were the major weeds. Herbicide combinations (pendimethalin 1.0 kg/ha + metribuzin 175 g/ha, pendimethalin 1.0 kg/ha fb sulfosulfuron 18 g/ha, sulfosulfuron 20 g/ha + metsulfuron 4 g/ha, pinoxaden 60 g/ha + metsulfuron 4 g/ha, clodinafop 60 g/ha + metsulfuron 4 g/ha, isoproturon 1.0 kg/ha + 2, 4-D 0.5 kg/ha) were superior to sole application of herbicides (pendimethalin 1.25 kg/ha, sulfosulfuron 25 g/ha, metribuzin 210 g/ha and clodinafop 60 g/ha) in reducing weed count and dry weight and increasing plant height, number of tillers, crop dry matter, yield attributes and yield of wheat. Clodinafop + metsulfuron, pinoxaden + metsulfuron and pendimethalin fb metsulfuron being better than other combinations gave 28.6, 22.5 and 23.1% higher grain yield of wheat over hand weeding twice. Weeds reduced the grain yield by 51.9%. With unit increase in weed count per m2, the wheat grain yield was decreased by 13.3 kg/ha. The cost of weed control under herbicidal treatments was 9.0–28.9% of that under hand weeding lowest being under metribuzin and highest under pendimethalin fb sulfosulfuron. Clodinafop + metsulfuron gave the highest net returns due to weed control and marginal benefit: cost ratio (MBCR). Clodinafop + metsulfuron resulted in highest weed control efficiency (WCE), weed control index (WCI), crop resistance index (CRI), treatment efficiency index, crop intensity index and weed index. Weed management index, agronomic management index and integrated weed management index were highest under sulfosulfuron followed by clodinafop + metsulfuron. Based on overall impact index clodinafop + metsulfuron, pinoxaden + metsulfuron, sulfosulfuron + metsulfuron, pendimethalin fb sulfosulfuron and pendimethalin + metribuzin were recommended for effective weed management in wheat under mid hill conditions of Himachal Pradesh.


Wuhu is one of the three major tourist centers in Anhui Province, and the first city to be built and operated in China's fourth generation theme park. Special series of theme parks have been built from the operation, make Wuhu city transit tourism city has become a tourist destination city. In recent years, the pattern of Wuhu's over dependence on theme parks has become increasingly prominent. Under this background, characteristics and the city tourism interaction status clear Wuhu theme park, theme park and interactive strategy to explore the development of city tourism, such as the concept of innovation, establish one king city development strategy, group development, build Wuhu tourism cluster, increase independent efforts to stimulate innovation cluster. The analysis method and combining with the on-the-spot investigation, facing Wuhu Fantawild theme park development strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and challenges are analyzed, and on this basis to improve the competitiveness of Wuhu Fantawild theme park marketing strategy.


This paper examines a contractual settingwith unverifiable investment and a durable trading opportunity, in which trade can take place in any one of an infinite number of periods. The contractual setting features cross-investment, meaning that the seller's investment affects the buyer's benefit of trade. The analysis shows that durability of the trading opportunity does not complicate the hold-up problem; more precisely, the set of outcomes supported in the durability setting is equivalent to the set supported in the related setting without durability. Thus, the technology of investment and trade— in particular, whether investment and trade actions are divided or unified (Buzard and Watson 2009)— plays an important role in determining whether the seller can be induced to invest at the efficient level. The issue of multiple equilibrium is analyzed and it is shown that particular non-stationary contracts can achieve unique implementation. The modeling exercise thus qualifies the recent view that durability may contribute to the hold-up problem


In this paper we propose estimators of the distribution of events of different kinds in a multimode Poisson process. We give the explicit solution for the maximum likelihood estimator, and derive its strong consistency and asymptotic normality. We also provide an order restricted estimator and derive its consistency and asymptotic distribution. We discuss the application of the estimator to the detection of neutrons in a novel detector being developed at the European Spallation Source in Lund, Sweden. The inference problem gives rise to Sylvester-Ramanujan system of equations.


On the premise that individualized instruction and its many variations has become increasingly more important to the vocational and technical educator, various aspects of an individualized instructional program are discussed under eight headings: (1) What Is Meant by Individualizing Instruction in Vocational and Technical Education? (2) Why Do We Need Individualized Instruction in Vocational and Technical Education? (3) How Are Individualized Instructional Systems Developed for Vocational and Technical Education? (Eight points to be considered in developing individualized programs are discussed.) (4) Where Is Individualized Instruction for Vocational and Technical Education Implemented in Michigan? (Five instructional programs) are described.) (5) What Impact Could Individualized Instruction Have on Vocational and Technical Education in Michigan? (6) What Are Some Problems Involved with Implementing Individualized Instructional Systems? (7) Resources to Consult for Further Information About Individualized Instruction for Vocational and Technical Education, and (8) What Are Some Selected References for Individualized Instruction in Vocational and Technical Education? (WL)


According to physical measurement results of 2005 Gansu province Han nationality students in 2005,the present condition,growth regulation and characteristics were analyzed.The investing results have manifested that there are differences among male and female,ciyies and countrysides in the morphological indexes sexes of the students during same growth stage.


One of the main problems one is faced while dealing with Roma issues is to find reliable statistics. The Roma refuse to declare themselves as Roma, if they participate at all in the research. Whether it is a problem related to their Roma identity, if their refusal is a well thought action we will try to find out in this paper. We will discuss the issue of Roma identity, we will present data showing the discrepancy between the official number of Roma living in different countries and approximations made by competent organizations, as well as reasons one can consider for Romais refusal do declare their identity. Theoretical aspects related to decision making will also be reviewed in the final attempt to establish whether the attitude Roma have towards declaring their identity is a result of a difficult decision making process, or just an instant rejection reaction.


This article discusses the history of natalizumab (Tysabri), the first monoclonal antibody used to treat multiple sclerosis. It reviews how the medication's difficult beginnings and controversial past have changed how this treatment is monitored. The article looks at the role of clinicians in maintaining patient safety, the benefits and risk profile of this treatment and ways of optimising practice to provide gold standard nationalised natalizumab services throughout the UK.


The paper introduces techniques of formalization of high-voltage pulse test device description. The techniques provide structural synthesis of the device discharge circuits. A formal description of various test devices is presented.


We evaluate the acceptance of Kangaroo Care Method (KCM) among rural mother giving birth to LBW infants in the rural health centers of 3 provinces in Indonesia, from June 1 through November 30, 1997. All mothers giving birth to LBW infants (birth weight 1500-2500 grams) seen by the rural team on the first day with no morbidity requiring hospitalisation were included in this study. One hundred and sixteen mothers fulfilled the criteria, most of them (62.1%) were between 20-29 years of age. Birthweight between 2000-2500 grams was found in 86.2%, of infants, and 67.3% are fullterm small for date babies. Most respondents accepted the KCM because they were interested in a new and practical method showed by the midwife; 11.8% accepted it because it resembled the local habit. All the mothers in the three locations had a positive perception on the benefit of KCM; 90% found that their babies were more calm, 92.7%, said that their babies slept more and 85.4% said that their babies breastfed more often. As for their feelings, everyone said that they felt happy. As many as 86.4% of mothers practiced the use of KCM during the 28 days, but only 40% of them used them for a total of more than 5 hours a day. More than 80% of the mothers had support from the family and more than 60% had a substitute for the KCM. We conclude that KCM was feasible and acceptable among the rural community.


The invention provides a circulating oil path control system of a middle or high pressure oil-injecting screw unit. The circulating oil path control system of the unit is not only simple, but also ensures the functionality, the practicability and the generality. The circulating oil path control system comprises a two-stage compressed oil-injecting screw main machine, an oil-gas separator and an oil filter assembly and is characterized by also comprising an oil cut-off valve, a pressure reducing valve and a special joint seat; the oil-gas separator is communicated with an inlet of the oil filter assembly through an oil tube; an outlet of the oil filter assembly is connected with an inlet of the oil cut-off valve; an output of the oil cut-off valve is connected with an inlet of the special joint seat; the pressure reducing valve is supported on the special joint seat; a pipeline inside the special joint seat is communicated with a pipeline inside the pressure reducing valve; the external of the special joint seat is respectively connected with a corresponding oil injecting port of the two-stage compressed oil-injecting screw main machine; and a pressure tapping point of an exhaust port on a two-stage main machine of the two-stage compressed oil-injecting screw main machine is conducted with a control switch of the oil cut-off valve.


With China's rapid economic growth in recent years and the acceleration of urbanization, the real estate price has also shown a substantial increase, especially the housing prices have always been high in first-tier cities. This paper systematically combs the research on the factors affecting house price and the forecasting method of house price at home and abroad, and puts forward some suggestions on the regulation and control of real estate price in our country. It also points out the deficiency of data statistics and research perspective in empirical research. On this basis, it is proposed that we should strengthen the scientificalness and comprehensiveness of the empirical data, put forward a reasonable and appropriate hierarchical classification method for influencing factors, make clear the importance and coupling mechanism of each level, and excavate the dominant influencing factors.


We study 0-1 laws for extensions of first-order logic by Lindstrom quantifiers. We state sufficient conditions on a quantifier Q expressing a graph property, for the logic FO[Q]-the extension of first-order logic by means of the quantifier Q-to have a 0-1 law. We use these conditions to show, in particular, that FO[Rig], where Rig is the quantifier expressing rigidity, has a 0-1 law. We also show that FO[Ham], where Ham is the quantifier expressing Hamiltonicity, does not have a 0-1 law. Blass and Harary pose the question whether there is a logic which is powerful enough to express Hamiltonicity or rigidity and which has a 0-1 law. It is a consequence of our results that there is no such regular logic (in the sense of abstract model theory) in the case of Hamiltonicity, but there is one in the case of rigidity. We also consider sequences of vectorized quantifiers, and show that the extensions of first-order logic obtained by adding such sequences generated by quantifiers that are closed under substructures have 0-1 laws.


The main purpose of this paper is to characterize norm-additive in modulus, not necessarily linear, maps defined between function algebras (not necessarily unital or uniformly closed). In fact, for function algebras A and B on locally compact Hausdor spaces X and Y , respectively, we study surjections T,S : A ! B satisfying k|Tf| + |Sg|kY = k|f| + |g|kX for all f,g 2 A.


The recent spate of corporate collapse and compliance transgressions has increased the amount of regulations that organizations must implement successfully.

This paper examines the challenges of implementing regulatory change using the example of the introduction of Financial Services Reform (FSR) for general insurers in Australia specifically considering the impact on customers.

FSR introduced a consistent framework of consumer protection across the general insurance industry. However, it also shifted responsibility for decision making about the purchase of insurance to customers in varying degrees.

The question was how to engage customers positively when: first, they were required rather than invited to change; second, they had increased responsibility for decisions about purchasing insurance; and third, when regulatory change in general is considered by the customer not to add value.

A case study is provided of how Insurance Australia Group (IAG) successfully used the service encounter as a vehicle to educate the customer about FSR, assist them with their new decision-making responsibilities and support the realization of the intended value.

Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.


This study explored two aspects of expanding the use of research-based practices in schools: (a) the extent to which mentor teachers could effectively teach a fellow teacher an instructional practice they had learned the previous year and (b) the extent to which the target practice would be implemented effectively by the partner after instruction from the mentor. Twelve teachers (11 third-grade, 1 second-grade) from two schools participated in this study. Six teachers who acquired the target strategy the previous year served as mentors. Mentors were asked to teach, coach, model, and provide feedback to their fellow teachers on the target practice. Results demonstrated that mentors and most of their partners implemented the target strategies effectively and that all teachers reported levels of satisfaction with the practice much higher than with traditional professional development.


Objective To analyze the sedentary behavior and its' sociodemographic factors among Chinese resident aged 18 years and over. Method The data of 54 398 subjects aged 18 years and over(male 25 773,female 28 625) on sedentary activities were used from 2002 China National Nutrition and Health Survey. Results The percentage of the residents aged 18 years and over participating in sedentary activity in their leisure time was 93.9%. The average hour of total sedentary activities was 2.5 h/d. About 70.4% the of residents aged 18 years and over spent 2 h and over on sedentary activities in leisure time. Urban,older,male,higher education level,higher family income,more intensive occupation and never married increased the likelihood of spending 2 h and over on sedentary activity. Conclusion Chinese resident spent much time on sedentary activities and the pattern was influenced by sociodemographic factors.


ABSTRACT A procedure based on trasmission-line theory, is presented for the evaluation of the effects produced by an EMP wave on a multiconductor power line. The high-altitude nuclear EMP is considered as an incident wave towards the ground; the total field is the sum of the incident wave and the wave reflected from the ground surface. The transmission system is represented in the frequency domain by an accurate simulation model, which takes account of earth and conductors skin effect. Non-linear phenomena, such as corona and flashover, are not considered. The EMP-line coupling results in per-unit length series-voltage and shunt-current sources. Analysis of the multiconductor circuit with distributed impressed sources is performed by using matrix operators in integral expressions, which are calculated numerically. The transient voltages and currents are obtained by a discrete inverse Fourier transform. The EMP effects induced on a distribution power line with different terminal conditions are computed.


The two title complexes,[Cd2(phen)2(succ)(H2O)2](NO3-)2 ·3H2O(1)and [Cd2(phen)2(glut)2][Cd2(phen)2(Cl-)2] 2NO3-·14H2O(2)(succ =succinic acid,glut =glutaric acid,phen=1,10-phenanthroline)have been synthesized at room temperature,and characterized by elemental analysis,IR spectrum and X-ray crystal diffraction.The results show that the complex 1 belongs to monoclinic system with space group P2(1)/c and cell parameter: a=15.373(5),b=13.786(4),c=25.434(7),β=104.582(6)°,V=5217(3)3,Z=4,,Dc=1.624g/cm3,μ(MoKα)=0.895mm-1,F(000)=2576,R1=0.0699,wR2=0.1280.And complex 2 belongs to triclinic system,space group Pī,cell parameter: a=14.131(4),b=14.546(4),c=15.392(5),β=93.731(6),V=2674.93,Z=2,Dc=1.613 g/cm3,μ(MoKα)=0.921 mm-1,F(000)=1316,R1=0.0746,wR2=0.121.Complex 2 has two independent structure and Cd(Ⅱ) is rare seven-coordinated mode.The two complexes formed 2D molecular architectures by hydrogen-bonding and π-π stacking interactions.


China adopted the CISG on 11 December 1986. With the continuingly fast growth of Chinese economy and China's proactive participation in...


We have an excellent group of tutors at the EcoCube Training Centre, who are experts in their respective fields and are dedicated to offering the best training experience.


People with haemophilia (PWH) experience end stage joint disease as a result of repeated hemarthrosis, commonly leading to total knee arthroplasty (TKA).


The effects of harvest date on the chemical composition of peanuts over a three-year period (1987 through 1989) were evaluated. Harvest year had no significant effect on chemical composition of peanuts. Protein content remained essentially unchanged as peanuts matured, except for the most mature peanuts which had the lowest amount of protein. Oil content increased and carbohydrate content decreased as peanuts matured. Protein content increased with increasing DAP (day after planting) and oil content increased with DAP up to 125 DAP then decreased with DAP. The highest amount of oil content from peanuts harvested at 125 DAP may be explained by the highest amount of accumulative effective daily heat unit.


A number of novel heterodinucleating ligands have been synthesized by Ba2+-templated (1:1) macrocyclization of the dialdehydes 7, 8, and 20 with the diamines 9 and 21. The ligands have both a cavity suitable for complexation of transition-metal cations and a cavity for complexation of alkali- or alkaline-earth-metal cations. The resulting barium complexes could be converted into the heterodinuclear complexes 1–3, 10–13, 23–25, and 28 upon reaction with nickel, copper, or zinc acetate. The mono-transition-metal complexes 14–17, 26, 27, and 29 could be obtained by removing the barium salt from the polyether cavity. Their 1H NMR, IR, and mass spectra are discussed, and four heterodinuclear complexes have been analyzed by X-ray crystallography. The nickel/barium complex 3•MeOH (C35H44BaCl2NiO19) crystallizes in the monoclinic system, space group P21/n, with a = 15.096 (4) A, b = 20.278 (4) A, c = 13.818 (4) A, β= 93.61 (1)°, and Z = 4. The nickel/barium complex 10-H2O crystallizes in the triclinic system, space group P1, with a = 9.096 (3) A, b = 11.491 (7) A, c = 17.119 (5) A, a = 92.38 (2)°, β = 102.27 (1)°, γ = 98.63 (2)°, and Z = 2. The nickel/sodium complex 14.sodium picrate crystallizes in the monoclinic system, space group P21/c, with a = 14.697 (5) A, b = 14.574 (7) A, c = 14.782 (3) A, β = 96.08 (1)°, and Z = 4. The zinc/barium complex 25.3DMF crystallizes in the monoclinic system, space group C2/c, with a = 24.301 (5) A, b = 26.232 (4) A, c = 22.468 (7) A, β= 119.06 (2)°, and Z = 8. In the complexes 3.MeOH, 10.H2O, and 14-sodium picrate the coordination of the nickel cation is square planar. The zinc cation in 25.3DMF has a square-pyramidal coordination with a DMF molecule at the axial position. The distance between the two metal ions in the complexes 3•MeOH, 10-H2O, 14.sodium picrate, and 25.3DMF is 3.63-3.70 A. The electrochemical properties of the complexed transition-metal cations in the heterodinuclear complexes and mono-transition-metal cation complexes have been investigated by polarography and cyclic voltammetry. The half-wave potential is dependent on the nature of the transition-metal cation and the mode of coordination. Complexation of alkali-metal (Li+, Na+, and K+) or alkaline-earth-metal (Ba2+) cations in the polyether cavity resulted in anodic shifts of the half-wave potential up to 213 mV; the bivalent Ba2+induced the largest shifts. The shifts of the half-wave potential are also dependent on the ring size and rigidity of the polyether cavity. Cyclic voltammetry of the nickel/barium complex 10 and the copper/barium complex 12 revealed a chemically reversible but electrochemically irreversible reduction at scan rates of 0.5-6 and 1–6 V/s, respectively. A relatively slow adsorption process was observed for the nickel complex 15, and the reduction was chemically reversible but electrochemically irreversible at scan rates of 50 mV /s to 2 V/s. The zinc/barium complex 25 undergoes an irreversible two-electron reduction at E1/2= -1.466 V, whereas the nickel and copper complexes 10–17, 23, 24, 28, and 29 undergo a one-electron reduction. The ESR spectra of a number of copper containing and heterodinuclear complexes are in line with the redox properties.


A neuropeptide named pheromone biosynthesis activating neuropeptide (PBAN) stimulates the pheromone production of lepidopteran insects. We have identified a different type of cDNA for PBAN, which shows two amino acid replacements in the region of the PBAN sequence previously reported. Single strand conformation polymorphism (SSCP) analysis revealed that the two types of cDNA originated from two allelic variants of the gene for PBAN.


This paper mainly analyzes the iron loss of a double stator high-temperature superconducting (HTS) machine with stationary seal and calculates its efficiency. Firstly, according to the field-modulation theory, the air-gap flux density harmonic components of the excitation magnetic field and armature-reaction magnetic field are derived. Secondly, the air-gap flux density harmonic components corresponding to the flux density harmonic components of iron core are derived, and the main iron core flux density harmonic components are confirmed and verified by finite element analysis (FEA). When using the semi-FEA method to calculate the iron loss, according to the analysis results of main core flux density harmonic components, the appropriate step-interval of the FEA is selected. In addition, according to the characteristics of the iron core flux density, this paper proposes an alternative method of iron core flux density, which greatly shortens the calculation time of semi-FEA method of iron loss calculation. Then, iron loss model with variable coefficients is used to calculate the iron loss of the machine, and the calculation results are compared with those of the FEA iron loss calculation method. Finally, other losses and efficiency of the machine are calculated.


This paper provides two methods of Dynamic Partial Reconfiguration(DPR) based on EAPR flow and introduces the process of DPR through time/space share.By using the embedded CPU(Power PC405) on the board to control the other programmable logic resoures,a dynamic self-reconfigure is designed successfully. Both two methods are verified on the Virtex-II Pro development system,which indicates that the DPR method can implement a much larger design using much smaller FPGA resources.


Objective. To investigate the circumstances associated with medication-related deaths. Design and Setting. This retrospective study investigated closed claims concerning medication-related deaths from 1996 to 2008 registered by the Danish Patient Insurance Association (DPIA). Results. A total of 80 were patients registered as having died because of an adverse event or error associated with a medication, and 37 of these cases were considered to have been preventable. The circumstances of the 37 deaths are described in detail in this report. Orthopaedic surgery, anaesthesiology, and internal medicine were the specialties involved in the majority of the deaths. Incorrect dosing was the cause of 17 deaths, and the use of the wrong drug caused 11 deaths. The administration of a drug despite a known allergy/intolerance or contraindication caused 6 deaths. Other 5 deaths were caused by anticoagulation medications. Methotrexate given daily by mistake caused 2 deaths. Conclusion. This study describes the circumstances of 37 preventable deaths caused by medication. Drug administration despite a known allergy, opioids, sedative, anticonvulsive medicine, and incorrect dosing and incorrect use of anticoagulants are the most important areas to be addressed in the development of future patient safety measures to reduce patient deaths caused by or related to medications.


Abstract Housefly (Musca domestica) is an excellent candidate for the distribution of susceptible and resistant bacterial strains that potentially threaten public health. To date, there is a paucity of information on the global distribution of pathogenic bacteria of medical and veterinary importance from diverse environmental settings. Therefore, this study was undertaken to conduct a systemic review and meta‐analysis to estimate occurrence of various bacterial species of medical and veterinary importance harboured by houseflies around the world. Published articles from 1980 to 2020 were retrieved from electronic databases and assessed for eligibility according to Preferred Reporting Items for Systemic Reviews and Meta‐Analysis guidelines. Seventy‐eight studies were included in the review with only 44 studies being eligible for meta‐analysis. Results indicated that eligible studies used in this review were from four continents, i.e., Asia (47.4%) America (23.1%), Africa (20.5%) and Europe (8.9%). The majority of the studies (56.4%) used the culture method for the identification of bacterial pathogens, while 30.7% used both culture and PCR techniques. For meta‐analysis, we focused on five pathogenic bacterial species including Escherichia coli, Enterococcus faecium, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus. High heterogeneity was found among studies investigating different pathogens including E. coli (Q = 10,739.55; I 2 = 99.60; Q‐p 0.0001), E. faecium (Q = 317.61; I 2 = 86.46; Q‐p < 0.0001), K. pneumonia (Q = 1,576.61; I 2 = 97.27; Q‐p < 0.0001), S. aureus (Q = 2,439.12; I 2 = 98.24; Q‐p < 0.0001) and P. aeruginosa (Q = 1,283.0; I 2 = 96.65; Q‐p < 0.0001). Furthermore, it was observed that houseflies carried a considerable number of susceptible and antibiotic‐resistant bacterial strains that pose considerable threats to public health. Findings from this study have provided more insight on the vectoral potential of houseflies in the transmission of significant bacterial pathogens from different regions across the world. Further investigation is required to quantify the bacterial contamination and dissemination by houseflies.


Proteins were isolated from the periplasm of Bradyrhizobium japonicum bacteroids by a modification of the method of Streeter and LeRudilier (1990) and compared to those isolated from the cytoplasm. The modification provides periplasmic protein preparations with minimal contamination of cytoplasmic proteins. The largest groups of identified proteins were in central intermediary metabolism and amino acid metabolism, whereas the smallest were in the categories of DNA replication, recombination, and repair, and purines, pyrimidines, and nucleosides. A theme in the carbon and amino acid metabolism groups of the periplasmic proteins was the production of succinate. A number of plant proteins were found which suggested contamination of the plant portion of the nodule during bacteroid isolation. However, antibodies to two of the identified plant proteins were applied as immunogold labels to soybean nodules sections. The labeling patterns suggested that these two proteins were specifically targeted to the bacteroids. Introduction The gram negative, soil bacterium Bradyrhizobium japonicum infects soybean (Glycine max) roots forming a new plant derived, nitrogen-fixing organ, the nodule. The free-living B. japonicum in the nodule tissue transform to a non-growing, non-motile form called a bacteroid that is retained within a plant-derived membrane, the peribacteroid or symbiosome membrane. Inside of the symbiosome membrane and


The carbon nanotubes (CNTs)–filled poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) composites (PCTs) were prepared by melt compounding for rheological study. The steady and oscillatory flow behaviors were then explored. The results show that the presence of CNTs enhances the pseudoplastic flow accompanied by the increased flow activation energy. However, the linear flow region is not sensitive to the temperature whether driven by shear rate or by strain. During oscillatory shear flow, the solid-like response is attributed to the percolation of CNTs, but the formation of a percolated CNT network is temperature-dependent, and the percolation threshold values reduce with an increase of temperature. The two-phase viscoelastic model was then used to further describe the linear responses of composites, aiming at relating hierarchical structures of the CNTs to flow behaviors of the composites.


The invention discloses an automatic dispensing machine and a dispensing method thereof. The method comprises the following steps of: putting Chinese medicines into a medicinal bottle; putting the medicinal bottle on a chain of a machine frame; inputting a medicine taking instruction intp a computer, and controlling the motion of the chain, so that the medicinal bottle rotates to a discharging mechanism; pushing a medicine loading cup to a transmission belt by a cup loading assembly, and transmitting the medicine loading cup to a medicine receiving position by a material receiving frame and the motion of the transmission belt; rotating a bottle cap by the discharging mechanism to take the medicines out; and transmitting the medicine loading cup to a sealing machine for sealing by the transmission belt, and taking the medicine loading cup out. The automatic dispensing machine comprises a base, the machine frame, the sealing machine, the medicinal bottle, the discharging mechanism, a material receiving mechanism and the cup loading assembly, wherein the upper surface of the base is connected with the machine frame and the material receiving mechanism; the lateral surface of the material receiving mechanism is connected with the cup loading assembly; and the lateral surface of the machine frame is connected with the vertical discharging mechanism, and the sealing machine is fixedly arranged at the top end of the lateral surface of the machine frame. By mechanical automated program control, the automatic dispensing machine is high in medicine loading speed and easy and convenient to disassemble and maintain, time and labors are saved, the cross contamination of the medicines is avoided, and the medicines are clean.