1. Device improved emergency applicable in small craft length to notice and locating people, comprising a personal module (1), comprising a housing (2) worn by crew of the vessel (3), suitable for wirelessly communicate with the control module of the vessel (8), with a battery (4), radio antenna (5) and drive pushers (6) and disconnection (7); a control module of the vessel (8), comprising a housing (10) with a battery (11), antenna (12), GSM communication system (14), operating buttons (15) and delivery system GPS signal (16) and systems (17) and (18) to send signals international emergency frequency for search and rescue and SMS messages; and a ground central module (9) located on the ground, consisting of a communication system (19) and mapping (20), characterized in that the personnel module (1) incorporates a GPS and GSM device (22) that permitecomunicar wirelessly with the control module of the boat and the terrestrial core module (9); and in that the control module of the vessel (8), incorporating a communication system GSM, GPRS or satellite (14). 2. Device improved emergency applicable in small craft length to notice and locating people, according to claim 1, characterized in that the personnel module (1) is preferably installed on a belt (23) or element Similarly, in which it incorporates a float (24) made of high strength fabric with an automatic inflation system with bottled CO {sub, 2} (25); and in that said float (24) is attached to the belt (23) by a thread (26). 3. Device improved emergency applicable in small craft length to notice and locating people, according to claim 1, characterized in that the control module of the vessel (8) in the housing (10) it is also operating buttons (15) has a display (27) screen and a siren (13).


We utilize the polarization and directionality of second harmonic generation to study molecular structure of fibrillar collagen in mouse mammary tumor models and in healthy mammary fat pad.


The invention relates to a rocket propulsion system comprising a combustion chamber wherein is performed a combustion and which is connected by a neck to a divergent nozzle, and wherein flows of hot gases (GC) along an axis longitudinal (AA) of the combustion chamber, the combustion chamber comprising an inner wall (1 ') and an outer wall (1 ") defining a cavity within which flows a coolant for cooling the chamber ( 1) combustion, a plurality of generators (10) flow vortices on the wall (1 ') inside the interior of the combustion chamber body and configured so that the hot gases swirling flow so as the longitudinal axis (AA) along the inner wall in order to increase heat transfer between the hot gases and the combustion chamber.


SEPRISE (Sustained, Efficient Production of Required information Services) has been a Specific Support Action funded by the EC within the 6th Framework Programme to further operational oceanographic services, in line with the priorities of the members of EuroGOOS. These priorities also coincide with those of the European Commission and of the GMES/GEO initiatives. The project was finalized in May 2007.


Unsteady inviscid transonic airfoil-vortex interaction is numerically analyzed by solving the two-dimensional unsteady Euler equations in integral form using a finite volume scheme. The solution procedure is based on an explicit Runge-Kutta time-stepping scheme wherein the spatial terms are central-differenced and a combination of second- and fourth-differences in the flow variables is used to form the numerical dissipation terms to stabilize the scheme. A velocity decomposition technique is applied to alleviate the problem of vortex diffusion by the numerical dissipation terms and to treat the interaction of a Rankine vortex with an airfoil accurately. Results obtained are compared with available numerical data.


The portable information terminal 100 with a heavy load group 140 and light load group 150 provided with a first control unit 110 and the second control unit 120. The first control unit 110 detects the output voltage of the secondary battery 105, controls the power supply to the heavy load group 140 by performing the switching of the first switch S1. The first control unit 110, stopping the power supply to the heavy load group 140, and outputs a control signal CC of the low level to the second control unit 120. Load for driving the second control unit 120 is designed to be smaller than the load for driving the first control unit 110. The second control unit 120 receives the control signal CC, and starts detecting the output voltage of the secondary battery 105, detects that it has dropped to a preset threshold voltage, switch light load group 150 and the first It stops the power supply to the control unit 110.


Prostate cancer is the most commonly diagnosed non–skin cancer in men in the United States, with a lifetime risk of diagnosis currently estimated at 15.9 percent. Most cases of prostate cancer have a good prognosis even without treatment, but some cases are aggressive; the lifetime risk of dying of prostate cancer is 2.8 percent. Prostate cancer is rare before 50 years of age, and very few men die of prostate cancer before 60 years of age. Seventy percent of deaths due to prostate cancer occur after 75 years of age.1


We find the explicit forms of the anti-de Sitter plane, anti-de Sitter spherical, and pp waves that solve both the linearized and exact field equations of the most general higher derivative gravity theory in three dimensions. As a sub-class, we work out the six derivative theory and the critical version of it where the masses of the two spin-2 excitations vanish and the spin-0 excitations decouple.


Abstrak

This study aims at finding out revewing the process of improving gross motors skills throught traditional games mangbaktikan and lambasena to class B Children of Al Abrar Islamic Kindergarten Makassar. South Sulwesi. This research was conducted in Al Abrar Islamic kindegraten Makassar. south Sulawesi. this subject in the study were 17 children i.e. nine girls and eight boys. the methodology uses in this research. this action research is one the efforts made by the researcher to improve children's gross motor skills throught lambasena and mangbaktikan games. this action research includes four stages items namely planning, action observation and reflection. The design uses in this study was the kemmis and taggart model


Objective To study the effects of swallowing disorder cure instrument on the cerebral infarction patients with swallowing disorder.Methods Seventy cerebral infarction patients with dysphagia by ischemic stroke-caused were recruited and randomly divided into the treatment group ( n =35 ) and the eontrol group( n =35 ).Both groups received regular rehabilitation training of swallowing funtction,ingestion training and psychological treatments.Besides,patients in the treatment group were also assigned to receive the therapy of swallowing disorder cure instrument,then,the effects were observed and compared.Results Before treatment,no difference was detected between two groups in the general clinical data,swallowing function score and WaTian drinking score (P > 0.05 ).Mter treatment,the situation of swallowing function score in treatment group was that 15 cases got 1,10 eases got 2,6 cases got 3 and 4 cases got 4,the difference between the treatment group and the control group was statistically significant( Z =-2.159,P < 0.05 ).There was significant difference in the Watian drinking score in two groups ( P < 0.05 ).The effective rate of the treatment group was 88.6% which was significantly higher than 65.7% of the control group(Z =-2.351,P <0.05).Conclusions The therapy of swallowing disorder cure instrument has a significant effect on the cerebral infarction patients with swallowing disorder,which is safe,convenient and with less pain.

Key words:
Cerebral infarction; Swallowing disorder; Swallowing disorder cure instrument; Ingestion training


A grid-free Lagrangian approach is applied to simulate the high Reynolds number unsteady flow inside a three-dimensional domain with moving boundaries. For this purpose, the Navier-Stokes equations are expressed in terms of the vorticity transport formulation. The convection and stretch ofvorticity are obtained using the Lagrangian vortex method, while diffusion is approximated by the random walk method. The boundary-element method is used to solve a potential flow problem formulated to impose the normal flux condition on the boundary of the domain. The no-slip condition is satisfied by a vortex tile generation mechanism at the solid boundary, which takes into account the time-varying boundary surfaces due to, e.g., a moving piston. The approach is entirely grid-free within the fluid domain, requiring only meshing of the surface boundary, and virtually free of numerical diffusion. The method is applied to study the evolution of the complex vortical structure forming inside the time-varying semi-confined geometry of a cylinder equipped with an eccentric inlet port and a harmonically driven piston


In order to explore the corrosion of bronze,the effect of copper chloride,copper chloride alkali and copper carbonic acid alkali on the corrosion of bronze samples and copper electrode was studied by corrosion paste experiments and microelectrode methods. The results indicated that the copper chloride was the most harmful material for accelerating bronze corrosion. According to infrared spectroscopy (IR) analysis indicated that high - efficient protection agent, whose main passivation additive was BTA, could changed the structure of copper chloride, and consequently resulted in effectively restraining bronze corrosion. The electrochemical reaction of the potting corrosion on bronze was expatiated by applying "potential activation" theory,and a catalysis model of the porous oxygen electrode of copper chloride accelerating the bronze corrosion was proposed.


Let G(V, E, l, w) be a n-vertex and m-edge graph in which each e ∈ E has a positive length l(e) and each vertex v ∈ V has a positive weight w(v). Given a positive integer p, the p-Median problem is to find a subset Q of V with p vertices such that δ(Q) = is minimized, where d(v, Q) is the distance between the vertex v ∉ Q and its nearest vertex in Q. This paper resolves a new practical variant, called the Forbidden Connected p-Median problem (the FCpM problem). For any subset F of V, the FCpM problem is to find a p-vertex subset D of V – F such that δ(D) is minimized under the restriction that the induced subgraph of D must be connected. If F = ∅, then the problem is called the Connected p-Median problem (the CpM problem). First, an O(n)-time algorithm for the CpM problem on trees is designed using the dynamic programming strategy. Then, the computational result is applied to the FCpM problem and the time-complexity is also O(n). Finally, we show that the CpM problem is NP-Hard on complete graphs with unit vertex weights and {1, 2} edge lengths, and the FCpM problem is NP-Hard on graphs with unit vertex weights and unit edge lengths. (∑ ∉Q v Q v d v w) , (*) (2 p)) 2 p


Introduction Prescribing benzodiazepines (BZD) in patients over 65 years old requires special precautions in view of the frequency and the severity of their side effects, especially in this age group. Objectives The objectives of our work were to evaluate the modalities of BZDs prescribing in elderly patients in psychiatry and to assess their compliance with international recommendations. Methods This is a descriptive cross-sectional study conducted through a Google-forms self-administered questionnaire, intended for psychiatrists and psychiatric residents, over a period of two months, from April 1 to May 31, 2019. Results One hundred physicians practicing in psychiatry answered our questionnaire. The response rate was 28%. Special precautions were taken in elderly patients by 96.5% of the participants. In eldery patients, long half-life BZDs were prescribed in 15% of cases. The majority of the participants indicated that the risk of falls (98.1%) and memory impairments (75.2%) were the main risks to which they were particularly vigilant during the prescribing of BZDs in eldery patients. In the elderly, 20% of the participants said they did not take special precautions when stopping BZDs. Conclusions The frequency and severity of side effects associated with BZDs in the elderly are the cause of strict prescribing rules in this age group. According to the results of our study and to the literature data, the prescribing practices of these molecules in the elderly remain insufficiently in accordance with the guidelines.


When establishing the Rehabilitation Clinic for the Mentally 111 at the Leningrad V. M. Bekhterev Psychoneurological Research Institute in 1966, we [1-3] formulated certain basic principles and methods of rehabilitation. These included ( 1 ) taking the patient's personality into account; (2) a doctor/patient partnership; (3) comprehensive efforts to restore the patient's social, working, and daily living functioning; (4) unity of biological and sociopsychological methods of treatment; and (5) a gradual transition to predominance of the latter. Three consequent stages in rehabilitation were identified, and fundamentals of rehabilitation regimens were elaborated that resulted in increasing rates of nonrestraint of patients and promotion of the development of a favorable therapeutic environment at psychiatric facilities. A therapeutic milieu [4,5] is created by humane treatment of patients by the personnel; by providing individual, group, and family psychotherapy, art therapy, work therapy, cultural events, entertainment, and other leisure-time activities, and structuring the conditions of patients' communication with the extramural environment, i.e., with family members, work associates, and friends. Within this system of diverse influences and activities, psychotherapy, both verbal and nonverbal, occupies a special place, the aim being to evoke the best properties of the ill personality. Aspects and techniques of psychotherapy have been described elsewhere [6-11]. One of the best ways to verify primary diagnosis and the efficacy of therapeutic and rehabilitation measures is follow-up, especially of


Abstract : As a result of their response to the many natural disasters of the 1990s, the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) has been directed by the U. S. Congress to place mitigation of impacts from future natural hazards as its highest priority in working with state and local governments. The National Flood Insurance Program (NFIP), and its related flood-risk studies and flood hazard mapping activities, are increasingly important mitigation support functions. A current focus is on map modernization to speed up the flood mapping process, lowering its cost, and increasing the accuracy of these results. A further emphasis is on more support to the local areas as exemplified by "Project Impact." This project's purpose is to mitigate disasters' impacts by taking actions in advance of these events.


The fast growth of Islamic Finance has simultaneously exposed the weaknesses in the system as being applied. The products have evolved as replication of the conventional products without any linkage with maqā╖id al-sharī'ah. Conformation of many products to the tenets of the sharī'ah is doubtful even in letter, of sure devoid of the spirit. There are concerns on sharī'ah advisory, compliance and the regulatory systems as applied at national and the global levels. The countries like Malaysia and Pakistan and a few professionals from UK and UAE have lately taken some initiatives to introduce reforms in the related area, yet a lot more needs to be done to strengthen the underlying value system and the aspect of sharī'ah compliance the focal determinant for sustainable development of Islamic financial system. This paper suggests structural reforms for strengthening the value system at the sharī'ah committees and regulatory levels to upkeep the integrity and credibility of the most respectful and crucial stakeholder of the Islamic finance – the sharī'ah scholars and hence the system. Introducing a well-planned regulatory system and removing / managing the 'conflict of interests' in the structure of sharī'ah supervision are the necessary steps to be taken with ultimate objective to achieve maqā╖id al-sharī'ah. Establishment of Associations of sharī'ah Advisors at national levels and a Global Commission on Sharī'ah Advisory at global level may help in resolving many related issues. The standards setting institutions, regulatory bodies and the sharī'ah scholars have to make joint efforts in this regard.


OBJECTIVE
Oral submucous fibrosis (OSF) could have a significant impact on daily life activities of affected individuals. The objective of this study was to investigate the impacts of OSF on oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL).

MATERIALS AND METHODS
A total of 206 clinically diagnosed OSF patients were recruited and subjected to the condition-specific OHRQoL-OSF instrument and global self-ratings of oral health and overall well-being.

RESULTS
"Discomfort and functional impairment" dimension was highly prevalent among patients with all stages (p < 0.001). OSF also has impacts on other domains, namely "psychological wellness" (82.35%) and "social wellness" (61.16%). Stage IV OSF (25.94 ± 4.05) patients reported higher OHRQoL-OSF scores as compared to stage III (16.20 ± 2.58) and stage II OSF (7.26 ± 1.70) patients. However, stage I OSF patients reported significantly better OHRQoL (p < 0.001). A significant trend demonstrating overall OHRQoL-OSF scores increasing with advancing stages of OSF was observed. The majority of the participants rated their overall oral health status "fair" (34.95%) to "very poor" (26.21%), whereas overall well-being was rated as moderate (33.00%) to good (31.55%).

CONCLUSION
OSF has a significant impact on OHRQoL. Increasing severity of OSF is associated with the worsening QoL.


Membrane bioreactor(MBR)is a new wastewater treatment process combined with membrane technology and sewage biological treatment technology,which has been applied in industrial wastewater treatment in recent years.A new MBR plant was jointly built in Jinling Petrochemical Branch by Jinling Petrochemical Branch and Nuowei Environment and Safety Engineering Technology Co.Ltd of Guangzhou,with capacity of 250t/hr and was put into operation in November 2005.So far the plant has continuously been running over half a year,COD,oil,sulfur,phenol,ammonia nitrogen and turbidity removals still stabilize on 80%,60%,100%,98%,90%,99% respectively.It provides a condition for sewage to be reused.


The reason of Chinese city's traffic jam have objective factor,but the more important is the traffic management isn't perfect.The article analysis the reasons of traffic jam,thinking enhance the traffic management through service administration,and has the legal analysis about the traffic measure's feasibility.


Based on the theory of CLT(Cooperative Language Teaching),this paper explores the application of CLT in mini-drama in English learning,aiming at improving students' cooperative learning ability and English communication skill.


The goal of the present work is to develop a computational tool capable of unsteady turbulent combustion using state-of-the-art flamelet methodology coupled with efficient Lagrangian particle (droplet) tracking capability. This work seeks to develop a high performance, high fidelity simulation capability to enable accurate, fast and robust simulation of unsteady turbulent, reacting flows involving cryogenic propellants (such as LOX/LH2 and LOX/LCH4). The key features of this capability are: (a) flamelet modeling for turbulent combustion and (b) LES and Hybrid RANS-LES (HRLES) methodologies, incorporated in a proven existing solver called Loci-STREAM. The enhancements in Loci-STREAM are anticipated to yield higher fidelity and more reliable analytical/design capability relative to existing capability for turbulent reacting flows in liquid rocket engines.


Histories. But context, one wants to respond, hath a privilege, even in matters as personal as religion. In the heat of battle, when the great turning points in the Greco-Persian conflict evoke his theme of divine retribution, Herodotus most clearly portrays natural disasters as interventions by the gods. But at the Peneius Gorge Herodotus contemplates a cataclysm that was in no way connected to the Persian Wars; here his interest is strictly geological, his tone detached and dispassionate. Assessed on its own terms, as an inquiry into natural phenomena conducted in the spirit of historie\, the passage belongs to a different category than those to which Harrison compares it; its studied neutrality might even be seen as a deliberate counterweight to the pieties expressed elsewhere. Rosalind Thomas has in her study identified precisely the issue that complicates Harrison's attempt to juxtapose the Delos and Strymon disasters with the earthquake-formed gorge of the Peneius. In dealing with the supposed EuropeAsia antithesis in Herodotus—an issue connected with the idea of divine retribution, as Themistocles demonstrates at 8.109—Thomas remarks on "the combination of the traditional and new in Herodotus, in which the narrative has a symbolic logic which Herodotus elsewhere distances himself from" (100). In geographic matters at least, this ironic author is capable of employing terms and ideas that he himself regards as empty of validity, simply because they belong to the traditional beliefs of the Greeks (4.45.2). Perhaps the same cannot be said regarding matters of religion, but Harrison has not even considered the possibility. Though clearly a first-rate expert on Herodotus, he does not here show himself to be a first-rate reader of Herodotus; his comprehensive mastery of the contents of the Histories is not matched by a feeling for irony, nuance, and voice, the indirections in the text that so deeply complicate any attempt to formulate Herodotus' own views and beliefs.


Sunlight though not heat, has inherent potential for direct conversion to mechanical work, just as heat does. The Physics pitching the possibility of direct conversion of nearly the entire sunlight received by a system into mechanical work has been formulated in this work. The feasibility of the concept has also been pursued, as well as alignment of the idea to the 2017-2027 predicted technology tipping points. Key to the ultimate realization of this propose, which argues for greater espousal of renewable energy options that foster attainment of engines for direct conversion of solar energy to mechanical work, are highly reflective and perfect mirrors. Smart areas and their associated favorable ecological footprints and climate change moderation will be among the key indicators of espousal of this conception.


......................................................................................................................... ii Acknowledgments ......................................................................................................... iii Vita ............................................................................................................................... iv List of Tables. ................................................................................................................ vi List of Figures .............................................................................................................. vii Chapter 1 – Literature Review .........................................................................................1 Chapter 2 Plasmid loss limits the use of GFP labeled Escherichia coli O157 in longterm survival studies ...................................................................................................... 34 Chapter 3 The Survival of Salmonella and Shigatoxin producing Escherichia coli serotypes in the feces of five different animal species. ................................................... 56 References ..................................................................................................................... 87


Historians of medieval laughter have, over the past few decades, imagined the thirteenth century as a period of Christian rapprochement with laughter and humour. Whereas in the twelfth century and before, laughter was largely associated – in art, exegesis, narrative and in preaching – with diabolism and damnation, the consensus is that in the 1200s and beyond Christian culture began deploying and preaching laughter as a positive spiritual expression and strategy. Above all, scholars have identified this shift with the thought and practice of the Dominican Order. This paper enriches this narrative by analysing the neglected exempla collection of the Dominican preacher Arnold of Liège (d. c.1308). Reading Arnold's collection – which harshly forbids laughter – in relief to a number of similar compilations made by Dominicans in the same period, offers an image of how the significance of laughter had become pluralised in mendicant theology by 1300, and of how old ideas of a radically negative laughter persisted in haunting the pulpits and street corners of the thirteenth century.


Recent developments in the area of technologies, data center networks, cloud computing and social networks have caused the growth of a wide range of network applications. The data rate of these applications also varies from a few megabits/second (Mbps) to several gigabits/second (Gbps) for that reason increasing the burden on the internet. Best solution for this is to utilize the advancement in optical networks. In WDM network bandwidth up to 100Gbps can be utilized from the optical fiber in an energy efficient manner but its not efficient when traffic demands vary frequently. Spectrum sliced elastic optical path networks (SLICE) has been proposed as a long term solution to handle the ever increasing data traffic and the diverse demand range. SLICEs provide abundant bandwidth by enabling sub-wavelength, super-wavelength and multiple-rate data traffic accommodation in highly spectrum efficient manner.


This article presents the trajectory of comparative literature in Japan by referring to the objectives and propositions declared by JCLA in the anniversary issue of its journal. Japanese scholars of comparative literature have expressed dissatisfaction with the current state of the discipline due to a reexamination of the role of Japanese literature in world literature. Translation and translation studies have become key issues for the problems they have raised.


Omphalocele is an anterior abdominal wall defect with the herniation of the visceral contents covered by athin membrane. It is one of the most common malformations of the anterior abdominal wall, with highmorbidity and mortality. The incidence of omphalocele is nearly 1 in 5,000 live births. Cranirachischisistotalis is anencephaly with a contiguous spinal defect. The defect occurs with the failure of neural tube toclose within 28 days after conception and leads to fetal loss, still birth, or neonatal death. Prenatal diagnostictool for both anomalies is ultrasound. In most cases two-dimensional conventional ultrasound providessufficient images for the accurate diagnosis. In this report, we present the association of omphalocele andcraniorachischisis with the three-dimensional ultrasonographic and post-abortal findings


This paper discusses the three full text download methods for Weipu Da tabase. On the basis of such comparison analysis, the paper puts forward the pra ctical object and scope for each method. The paper puts forward a full text down load model and skill for each downloading method. In such a way, the paper has p rovided significant assistance in searching full text of Weipu Database for the potential users.


ABSTRACT We assessed the usefulness of mycobacterial interspersed repetitive-unit–variable-number tandem-repeat loci 26, 31, ETR-A, Mtub30, and Mtub02 and a deletion-targeted multiplex PCR in identifying pediatric Mycobacterium tuberculosis Beijing lineage strain infection. We found that the Beijing lineage isolates accounted for ∼62% (130/210) of the study isolates.


We perform the fit of electroweak precision observables within the Standard Model with a 126 GeV Higgs boson, compare the results with the theoretical predictions and discuss the impact of recent experimental and theoretical improvements. We introduce New Physics contributions in a model-independent way and fit for the S , T and U parameters and for a modified Higgs coupling to vector bosons. We point out that compos- ite Higgs models are very strongly constrained. Finally, we compute the bounds on dimension-six operators relevant for the electroweak fit. Electroweak Precision Observables (EWPO) have played a key role in constraining New Physics (NP) for the past twenty years (1-11). The most striking exam- ples of the power of these indirect constraints are the pre- diction of the top and Higgs masses. The experimen- tal situation improved dramatically in the past year, with the precise measurement of the Higgs mass at the LHC (12, 13). In addition, the information on other key Stan- dard Model (SM) parameters such as the top and W boson masses has increased considerably, leading altogether to a sizable progress in the electroweak (EW) fit. It is therefore phenomenologically relevant to reassess the constraining power of the EW fit in the light of these recent experimen- tal improvements. To this aim, we perform the EW fit in the SM and update the constraints on oblique NP. On the theory side, the full two-loop fermionic EW contributions to the R 0 observable have been recently numerically cal- culated in ref. (14). The implementation of this result in the global fit has a large impact but represents a nontriv- ial problem, as we illustrate in detail below. A very in- teresting question that can be tackled with present data is whether the Higgs boson is elementary or composite. Us- ing a general e ective Lagrangian for Higgs boson inter- actions (15-18), we analyze the constraints on the Higgs coupling to vector bosons, and find out that this coupling can be determined from the fit with an uncertainty of 5% at 95% probability, while much larger departures from the SM value are expected in generic composite Higgs mod- els. Thus, the EW fit points to an elementary Higgs or to composite Higgs models in which additional contributions are present to restore the agreement with EWPO. Finally, we consider the most general e ective Lagrangian relevant


Business capability models are widely used in enterprise architecture management to generate an abstract overview of an organization's business activities for reaching its business objectives. The creation and maintenance of these models are associated with a huge manual workload. Research provides insights into opportunities for automated modeling of enterprise architecture models. However, most papers address the application and technology layer and leave the business layer largely unexplored. Particularly, no research has been conducted on the automated generation of business capability models. This research uses 19 semi-structured interviews to identify possible automated modeling opportunities of business capabilities and related challenges. Based on this a business capability mining approach is developed. This research benefits both, practice and theory, by describing a situation-based business capability mining approach and identifying implementation scenarios.


Preface John H. Jackson Introduction Harald Hohmann 1a. We need to look ahead and to rebuild: a deal can still be salvaged from the ashes of Doha Peter Mandelson 1b. The future of the Doha negotiations after the suspension: is all in vain? Chiedu Osakwe Part I. Development Policy of the WTO: 2. Developmental aspects of the Doha Round of negotiations WTO Secretariat 3a. Aspects of development policy in the Doha Round - EC perspective Philippe Duponteil 3b. Assessment of the 6th ministerial Hong Kong Conference from a development perspective Faizel Ismail 4. Capacity building and combating poverty in the WTO Ambassador Lilia R. Bautista 5. Integrating development and S&D into the architecture of the WTO, through the operation of the Dispute Settlement system Asif H. Qureshi Part II. Trade Policy (Including Competition) and Trade Facilitation: 6a. Trade policy objectives in the Doha Round: the EC perspective David O'Sullivan 6b. Trade policy objectives in the final phase of the Doha round Knut Brunjes 7. Further liberalization of trade in chemicals - can the DDA deliver? Reinhard Quick 8. Trade facilitation within the Doha Round: a critical review of recent efforts of the WTO and other international organisations (1996-2006) Harald Hohmann 9. Competition in the Doha Round: ICN accompanied convergence - instead of WTO imposed harmonization - of competition laws Karl M. Meessen 10. The legal principle of integration in the Doha Round: embedding a social order in the global market Paul de Waart Part III. Reform of the Dispute Settlement: 11. Reforming the Dispute Settlement System through practice Eric White 12. Reforming the Dispute Settlement understanding Wolfgang Weiss 13. The WTO Dispute Settlement system: jurisdiction, interpretation and remedies Debra Steger 14. An evaluation of the role of legal aid in International Dispute resolution, with emphasis on the advisory centre on WTO law Petina Gappah Part IV. Social Rights, Health, and Environment: 15. Trade and human rights at work: Next round please? Regulatory and cooperationist approaches in the context of the Doha Round Andreas Bluthner 16. Food safety issues under WTO Agreements Mitsuo Matsushita 17. Trade and the environment: with particular reference to climate change issues Shinya Murase 18. Live with a quiet but uneasy status quo? An evolutionary role the Appellate Body can play in resolution of 'Trade and Environment' disputes Satoru Taira 19. Health, environment and social standards in the Doha Round: comparison of the visions and reforms needed and the results achieved Lutz Strack 20. Some personal conclusions of the 19 chapters Harald Hohmann.


In middle ear effusion of otitis media with effusion, immunocytes and various soluble substances (immunoglobulin, immune complex, complement, interferon, tumor necrosis factor, immunosuppressive substance, immunosuppressive acidic protein) related to immune response are detected. We reviewed the literature on these immune soluble factors with respect to their effects on otitis media with effusion.


Abstract Electrocoagulation is a coagulation method using direct electric current through an electrochemical event. This study aims to determine the possible use of electrocoagulation method as an alternative in wastewater treatment industry. This experiment uses waste oil content with the observed parameter is the change in concentration of organic material (COD. study was conducted on laboratory scale in batch by using a 3 iron plate measuring 3x5 cm 2 as anode and 3 aluminum plates of the same size as the cathode. Variations performed on current density, electrocoagulation time and distance .. Distance electrode plate electrodes used were 2 and 3 cm. Analysis of the samples carried out after the first sample was deposited for 30 minutes. Laboratory analysis refers to the SNI 06-6989.2-2004 for the parameters COD,. The analysis shows that there allowance for the highest percentage COD is 29, 83% occurred at minute 120, 32 A/dm 2 current density, with an electrode distance of 2 cm .. In general these experiments show on a laboratory scale in batch conditions, electrocoagulation method effective enough to treat waste compared oil content with conventional coagulation process.


Thiamine diphosphate (ThDP)-dependent enzymes are well-established catalysts in the field of asymmetric synthesis.[1] One of the example reactions catalyzed by various types of these enzymes are asymmetric C-C-bond formations of two aldehydes which lead to the formation of 2-hydroxyketones with high enantioselectivity.[2] The exchange of one of the aldehydes in this reaction with a ketone[3] would offer the opportunity for the catalytic asymmetric formation of chiral tertiary alcohols, which are important structural units in natural products and bioactive agents.[4,5] During the last decade different organocatalysts for asymmetric crossed aldehyde-ketone benzoin reaction were developed.[6] Intramolecular variants of this reaction are already described in the literature.[7,8] Most recently, Enders and Henseler described the direct intermolecular cross-benzoin type reaction of aldehydes with trifluoromethyl ketones using a bicyclic triazolium salt as catalyst.[9] Due to the lower electrophilicity of the carbonyl group of ketones and the increased steric hindrance compared to aldehydes, the asymmetric intermolecular non-enzymatic coupling reaction with ketones as acceptors seems to be more difficult and has not been successful yet. Here we present the first example of an asymmetric intermolecular crossed aldehyde-ketone carboligation reaction using a ThDP-dependent enzyme as catalyst (Scheme 1).


Background and Objectives: The aim of the present study was to find out the relationship between aggression and socio demographic profiles of the study sample. Methods : The sample consists of 300 college students from Imphal East and West districts of Manipur of which 150 cases were males and the other 150 cases were females. Students within the age group of 18-29 years, graduate and above and who were will to give consent for participating in the study were selected through convenient sampling technique. Semi-structure Proforma was used for collecting the socio-demographic profiles of the participants and Buss Perry Aggression Questionnaire was used for measuring aggression. Results : The finding of the study showed no significant difference between overall aggression and the socio demographic factors of the study samples. However, aggressive subscales like hostility were found significant difference with respect to age range (p-value = 0.026) and education (p-value = 0.000). Physical aggression was also found to have significant difference with gender (p-value = 0.015) indicating that male were more involved in physical aggression. The findings also showed that verbal aggression has significant difference with respect to residence (p-value = 0.024). Conclusion : The present study concluded thataggressive subscales like hostility were found more prominent among younger age college going students. Physical aggression was involved more among male gender than their female counterpart. The study also concluded that youth inhabited in rural area were more involved of verbal aggression than the urban inhabitants.In spite of the limitations, the present findings of the study could be useful for management to lessen aggressive behavior among youths.


ABSTRACT Wind pressure coefficients (Cp ) are important for the correct calculation of the air infiltration of a building. Cp depends on wind direction, position on the building façade and site exposure, and is therefore influenced by the microclimate. The external coupling between building energy simulation (BES) software and computational fluid dynamics (CFD) pre-processing allows calculating building-specific wind pressure coefficients that can account for the microclimate. BESs have been performed in order to calculate the infiltration rate of a reference building using surface-averaged Cp values from two different sources; a standard database and CFD simulations from OpenFOAM. Tracer gas measurements were performed in the reference building in order to validate the simulation results. The results show the coupled CFD/BES method gives building-specific Cp values that represent adequately the microclimatic conditions, leading up to 45% more accurate air infiltration rates compared to conventional methods.


INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES: The STAMPEDE trial has shown a survival benefit for local radiation therapy in men with oligo-metastatic prostate cancer. Observational studies have suggested such benefit may also be seen with radical prostatectomy (RP) but this has not previously been examined in a RCT. We report the world's first RCT, TRoMbone, on the safety and feasibility of randomization to systemic therapy plus RP in synchronous oligo-metastatic prostate cancer. TRoMbone aimed to recruit 50 men over a 12-month period and was co-ordinated by the Surgical Intervention Trials Unit at the University of Oxford. METHODS: The initial Protocol randomized men with synchronous oligo-metastatic prostate cancer (1-3 skeletal metastases on conventional imaging) who were <75 years old and ECOG PS 0-1, to radical prostatectomy and extended pelvic lymphadenectomy within 3 months of starting standard care systemic therapy (Intervention) versus standard care systemic therapy alone (Control). The Protocol was amended to allow patients to have Docetaxel prior to RP, and to increase the number of recruitment sites from 3 to 9. RESULTS: Of 176 patients screened, 71 were eligible; of those, 51 (71.8%) were randomized. High recruitment rates were achieved with use of a quintet recruitment investigation (QRI). This identified the commonest causes of non-recruitment as: patients not wanting surgery; lack of clinician equipoise; and, (before the Protocol Amendment; PA) inability to have Docetaxel preoperatively. As a result of the PA, recruitment completed 4 months ahead of schedule with 7/9 (77.8%) sites successfully recruiting at least one patient (Figure). 8 surgeons performed the Intervention. Thus far, roughly half of the Intervention patients had received Docetaxel preoperatively, and all had received androgen deprivation therapy. 1 patient allocated to the Intervention did not undergo RP, as he felt too unwell post-Docetaxel. 1 patient allocated to the Control arm refused standard-care treatment, as he preferred to try Homeopathy. 100% RPs were conducted with robotic assistance, no cases were abandoned, and the only complication to date (in 18 patients) is a rectal injury (repaired intraoperatively with primary closure; that same patient was the only one who required a blood transfusion). Zero cases were abandoned, and there were no postoperative complications. Quality-of-life data demonstrated equivalence in EQ5D scores between the Control and Intervention groups, and satisfaction scores were high even in those who received ADT, Docetaxel, and RP. CONCLUSIONS: It is feasible to randomize UK men with synchronous oligo-metastatic prostate cancer to standard care systemic therapy versus that plus locally-directed surgery. Interim outcomes suggest the procedure is safe and technically feasible, and a full RCT is being planned. Source of Funding: Prostate Cancer Foundation The Urology Foundation


I n the current case, a 66-year-old woman presented with diarrhea up to 3 times a day, weakness, fever up to 38°C, migratory hemorrhagic rash, and weight loss of 10 kg over the preceding 2.5 months. In 2015, she had discomfort in the periumbilical area. A colonoscopy was performed, and tumors with germination in the spleen gates were discovered. Colon cancer was suspected based on clinical findings (Т3 N1M0, stage III). A combined left ventricular hemicolonectomy with splenectomy was performed followed by 1 course of monochemotherapy (5-fluorouracil), but this was discontinued because histological data showed only lymphoplasmocytic cell infiltration (arrow 1) and focal fibrosis (arrow 2) in the mucous membrane and submucosal layer (Fig. 1) and did not confirm cancer. For 1.5 years, patient was under supervision of an oncologist without any treatment, but since December 2017, a nasal voice appeared, followed by recurrent periorbital edema (Figs. 2 and 3), edema of the ears, maculopapular rash on the extensor surface of the right forearm, andmigratory hemorrhagic rash along the inner surface of both hips. No changes in other organs and systems were detected. The blood analyses showed a moderate anemia (hemoglobin 119 g/L, hematocrit 32.6%), thrombocytosis (415 10/L), increased С-reactive protein (96 g/L), erythrocyte sedimentation rate (47mm/h), and rheumatoid factor (384 g/L). Bibasilar ground-glass opacity, increased axillar lymph nodes (13.0 19.0mm), and a single round-shaped hypersensitive tumor (15.0 13.0 mm) in the area submitted to splenectomy were detected on high resolution computed tomography. Hyperdense irregularly semicircular neoplasms (36 32 mm) and increased mesenteric and para-aortic lymph nodes (20 15mm)were found in thewall of the ascending colon, and a hypodense round-shaped tumor (sized 10.0 mm) was identified in the parenchyma of the lower pole of the left kidney. The blood test showed increased levels of IgG4 (1941.7 mg/dL compared with normal level of <125 mg/dL). Histological data of the colon were reviewed; however, atypical cells were not found.


The Canadian Coast Guard Search and Rescue Coordinator uses a software system to estimate the drift of targets in the ocean, and consequently determine a search area. Existing software applies a simple drift algorithm (MiniMax) that has been in use since World War II (Canadian Coast Guard/Department of Fisheries and Oceans Canada [CCG/DFO], 2000). -- The Coast Guard must be aware of the effectiveness of the drift prediction algorithm, and the efficiency of the environmental inputs used. This thesis determines the practicality of the available methods of MiniMax and the stochastic Monte Carlo approach. In addition, we explore the implementation of higher resolution ocean and sea current inputs. This both improves the current MiniMax algorithm and allows exploration of a modified Monte Carlo approach. -- Using an assembled database of drifting buoys in the North Atlantic Ocean, the accuracy of the MiniMax and the Norwegian Meteorological Office implementation of the Monte Carlo methods are evaluated. Results from the assessment indicate that present prediction methods in CANSARP underestimate actual drifts by 2 to 3 times the actual length. These results are used to determine where improvements must be made to the current algorithms and environmental inputs for eventual application to the search system.


In order to improve the safety of shipping process, this paper designs a graphical user interface for calculating the static water bending moment of super large ore earner. Due to the complexity of the actual loading conditions, the long hull girder and the mobility and sinking of cargo, the irregular distribution of gravity and buoyancy along the direction of the captain of the VLCC is prominent. In the actual loading process of ships, compartment loading is adopted in many cases, and the position where the maximum shear force and bending moment appear is generally not in the corresponding position. Traditional ship strength analysis methods can be divided into two kinds. One is to establish the ship's finite element model to calculate the ship's strength. The other is to calculate the ship's strength according to the simple beam bending theory. In this paper, a 360m VALE MAX ore carrier is taken as an example to calculate the local bending moment of the ship at a specific position by using QT software. Compared with the ship loading manual, the error of the program is small, and the program has guiding significance in the actual shipping process.


The present application describes a method of food or beverage containing probiotics provide storage stable, comprising: forming a semi-permeable microspheres, said microspheres comprising a probiotic, a high molecular weight polymer, and an effective amount of a bacteriostatic agent.


The self-independent movement in modern Chinese Christian Churches appeared obvious and outstanding in Guangdong. It arose here in the second half of the 19th century.In the local churches the self-independent consciousness of the church people was quite strong and the step of localization was also very fast. Such churches had a stable economic background which was greatly owed to the support of overseas Chinese Christians. The self-independent, self-preaching and localization movement of the Guangdong Christian churches reflected the will of the churches for reform and being suitable to the situation and also symbolized the patriotic enthusiasm of the Chinese people struggling for the nation's independence and dignity within the religious movement . It was in this field that the Lingnan culture met with, struggled against and absorbed foreign cultures.


Implementation of green construction is a concrete manifestation of the concept of sustainable development in the construction phase. The key measures for green construction technology are energy saving, material saving, water saving and land saving during construction,as well as protecting environment and guaranteeing professional health. The comprehensive technologies for green construction in staff housing project of Xi'an Railway Bureau are introduced, as well as management measures, the measure of protecting the environment and resource conservation measures are described in detail. These measures may have some reference on promotion of green construction.


Submitted for the GEC11 Meeting of The American Physical Society Evaluation of Penicillium digitatum sterilization using nonequilibrium atmospheric pressure plasma by terahertz time-domain spectroscopy TAKEHIRO HIRAOKA, NOBORU EBIZUKA, KEIGO TAKEDA, Nagoya Univ., TAKAYUKI OHTA, Meijo Univ., HIROKI KONDO, KENJI ISHIKAWA, KODO KAWASE, Nagoya Univ., MASAFUMI ITO, Meijo Univ., MAKOTO SEKINE, MASARU HORI, Nagoya Univ. — Recently, the plasma sterilization has attracted much attention as a new sterilization technique that takes the place of spraying agricultural chemicals. The conventional methods for sterilization evaluation, was demanded to culture the samples for several days after plasma treatment. Then, we focused on Terahertz time-domain spectroscopy (THz-TDS). At the THz region, vibrational modes of biological molecules and fingerprint spectra of biologically-relevant molecules were also observed. In this study, our purpose was measurement of the fingerprint spectrum of the Penicillium digitatum (PD) spore and establishment of sterilization method by THz-TDS. The sample was 40mg/ml PD spore suspensions which dropped on cover glass. The atmospheric pressure plasma generated under the conditions which Ar gas flow was 3slm, and alternating voltage of 6kV was applied. The samples were exposed the plasma from 10mm distance for 10 minutes. We could obtain the fingerprint spectrum of the PD spore from 0.5 to 0.9THz. This result indicated the possibility of in-situ evaluation for PD sterilization using THz-TDS. Takehiro Hiraoka Nagoya Univ. Date submitted: 20 Jul 2011 Electronic form version 1.4


A menstrual restriction is a form of social suffering which is also identified as a violation of the constitutional right globally. But menstrual restriction-related work is still a neglected area. This paper has adopted traditional types of reviews to conceptualize how the health, education, and empowerment of women have been affected by the menstrual restriction.
This study suggests, the menstrual-related restriction is not only a developing world issue but exists globally which has a high impact on girl's health, education, and empowerment. Though, the research on implementation and evaluation of the menstrual restriction is still needed to establish the evidence.


On the basis of theories and computation methods for ecological water requirement, the definition of the ecological water requirement for wetlands, the water needed by the wetland to maintain the ecosystem's diversity and the ecological characters, is proposed in this paper. It includes the water required by the wetland soil, the vegetation evapotranspiration, the fish breeding, the habitat, and the sediment transportation. Due to the unique geographical location and climatic characters, there are various natural resources and complex biodiversity in the Yellow River Delta. During the recent years, however, the local ecological environment has being threatened by human activities. This seriously affected the sustainable development of local economy because it resulted in serious shortage of water resources, water pollution and abatement of biodiversity. On the basis of practice in the natural reserve and the important claim of Ramsar for "wise use" of wetland in which ecological characters need to be reserved, a set of management objectives for the wetland reserve of the Yellow River Delta is proposed. The objectives include protecting the ecological system and the waterfowl resources in the new wetland, renewing biodiversity and maintaining the function of the ecological system. In this paper, the ecological water requirement for wetlands in the Yellow River Delta is classified into three classes, i.e., the minimum water requirement, the moderate water requirement, and the perfect water requirement. They correspond to the basic, moderate and perfect management goal for wetland nature reserve, respectively. By means of a correlation analysis between the wetland biology and water and an equation for computing water requirement, matching the different levels of management objectives, the ecological water requirements for the wetland natural reserve of the Yellow River Delta is estimated, and several means to fulfill the water requirements is proposed. The result shows that the minimum, moderate and perfect water requirements are 40.95×10~8m~3, 52.45×10~8m~3 and 67.93×10~8m~3 if the water required for sediment flushing is not considered in the wetland natural reserve of the Yellow River Delta. The amount will be 190.95×10~8m~3, 202.45×10~8m~3 and 217.93×10~8m~3 if the water required for sediment flushing is included. Those values are 48%, 58% and 76% of the available ecological water quantities observed in the lower Yellow River in the 1950s.


In Run-2 of the LHC, the ATLAS experiment reconstruction algorithm has been improved and extended compared to the one used in Run-1. In this presentation, we will discuss the precise measurement of the muon reconstruction efficiency measured in pp collisions at √(s) = 13 TeV in 2015 and 2016 using samples of J/Ψ → µµ and Z → µµ decays. The reconstruction efficiency is measured using different methods in the various regions of the detector and for muon momenta between 6 and hundreds of GeV


The utility model discloses a lifting device for installing a sound barrier, which belongs to hoisting equipment. The lifting device comprises a transportation platform, a winding mechanism, a hanger rod, a suspension arm and pulleys, wherein the winding mechanism and the hanger rod are arranged on the transportation platform, the suspension arm is transversely fixed to the upper end of the hanger rod, and the pulleys are fixed to both ends of the suspension arm; a wire rope for hoisting is connected with the winding mechanism after penetrating through the pulleys; and the hanger rod comprises a lower upright post and an upper upright post, the lower upright post and the upper upright post are connected by jointed pins, and the upper upright post is provided with a steering bearing. The height of the hanger rod of the utility model can be adjusted and rotate freely; and the utility model has the advantage of simple structure and is suitable for operations on the lower part of a contact system or in a narrow zone of a construction site.


The largest auto company in the world and the third largest auto company in the world are proposing to join together to limit competition in a critical segment of the U.S. market. Competition in the U.S. has already been choked off by the Japanese Voluntary Restraint Agreement. Since 1981, when the VRA took hold, the average retail selling price for all new cars sold in the U.S. has risen by 18.8 percent or $1741 more than the consumer price index. Consummation of this joint venture will reinforce this upward pressure on new car prices. Battalions of neo-classical economists dancing on the head of a pin cannot obscure the threat that this marriage of competitors poses to the American consumer, nor the fact that this joint venture is a plain and unambiguous violation of the antitrust laws. The Commission's settlement, requiring Toyota and GM to abide by the precise terms of their illegal agreement, hardly qualifies as antitrust enforcement.


The main objective of the article is to substantiate a systematic approach to the introduction of all types of innovations in the development of the military-industrial complex of the Russian Federation. The relevance of the study is due to the fact that in the modern world it is especially important to ensure the national security of the country and the defense industry plays a crucial role in this. At the same time, one cannot but note the importance of the defense industry in the production of high-tech civilian products and dual-use products, which enhances the country's competitiveness in the world market. In addition, the relevance of the topic is due to the presence of rather serious problems in the Russian defense industry, which require immediate resolution. The article uses the methodology of structurally functional analysis, the institutional approach and the method of comparative assessments. The authors conclude that technological innovation alone will not be able to achieve strategic results for ensuring national security, only in conjunction with organizational, product, social and marketing innovations, the domestic defense industry is able to solve its tasks.


Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the cause of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, is the worst challenge for a century for international health and financial systems. It was declared a global pandemic on 11 March 2020, 6 weeks after it had first been reported from China as a new respiratory virus.1 By then, 118 000 cases had been reported from 114 countries and 4291 people reported to have lost their lives.1 Only 7 weeks later, as of 5 May, 3 544 222 cases of COVID-19, including 250 977 deaths, have been reported from 187 countries and regions, and maritime quarantine.2

While severity and mortality have been highest in people with underlying morbidities,3 no age group is immune from COVID-19 nor are the rich and famous. Reasons are unclear for more severe disease in males and, at least in the UK and USA, in ethnic minority groups. Members of many governments have been affected, including the British Prime Minister Boris Johnson, now discharged from hospital after a spell in intensive care. Reported mortality varies widely between countries with apparently similar economic development.4 Influences on reported case fatality ratios—the number of deaths divided by the number of reported cases—include the number tested, who is tested, test accuracy, demographics for age and comorbidity, and capacity and standards of healthcare staff and facilities. More reliable data, reported mortality, on 5 May ranged in the worst affected countries in Europe, for example, from 80 in Germany to 423 in the UK, 481 in Italy and 684 in Belgium per million in the general population2 and in North America 102 per million in Canada but 204 per million in the USA.2 These figures may reflect considerable underestimates of actual mortality, as deaths from COVID-19 among care home …


moreover, from unresolved to organized attachment in the TFP than in the ECP group. As previously described in detail by Doering et al. [9] , 104 female patients with BPD, aged 18–45 years, were randomized to either ECP or TFP after obtaining written informed consent. As specified in the manual, TFP therapists explicitly focused on distorted mental representations of self and significant others in the therapeutic relationship along a structured psychodynamic treatment approach [3] . ECP therapists from different psychotherapeutic orientations worked rather with supportive, psychodynamic, or cognitive techniques, not following a treatment manual [9] . Scales rating symptomatic involvement and personality organization were administered at baseline and after 1 year of treatment (see results below for details). To assess attachment representations, patients were administered the AAI [4, 5] at the beginning and after 1 year of treatment. The AAI is a semi-structured interview designed to elicit thoughts, feelings, and memories about early attachment relationships. Verbatim transcripts are classified into the categorical groups secure (F), dismissing (Ds), preoccupied (E), and unresolved (U). Double-rating by 2 blind judges showed agreement on 89% of 4 classifications (κ = 0.84) and on 94% of 2 classifications (organized vs. unresolved; κ = 0.89). The intra-class correlation coefficient of the coherence subscale (range from 1–9), as one major aspect of attachment security [5] , was ICC21 (absolute) = 0.93 ( n = 36, p < 0.001). Since a number of participants were lost to the follow-up evaluation, we have controlled the observed cases (OC) results by the last observation carried forward (LOCF) approach. All reported significance levels are 2-sided. At baseline, both treatment groups ( n = 45 ECP and n = 47 TFP patients) were characterized by the high prevalence of unresolved attachment and near absence of secure attachment (ECP group: 4 F, 6 Ds, 9 E, 26 U; TFP group: 2 F, 12 Ds, 7 E, 26 U), as in previous studies [7] , but with no significant differences between the treatment groups ( p = 0.436, Fisher exact test). Similarly, there was no significant difference in fulfilled lifetime PTSD diagnosis (SCID-I [12] ) between treatment groups ( p = 0.497, Fisher exact test). As expected, unresolved BPD patients showed lower scores in psychosocial functioning (Global Assessment of Functioning, GAF, p = 0.003, U test), lower levels of personality organization [13] ( p < 0.001), and more borderline symptoms (SCID-II [12] , p = 0.012). There was an association between the fulfilled lifetime PTSD diagnosis and unresolved attachment, observed in 21 out of 25 (84%) unresolved and in only 31 out of 67 (46%) organized patients ( p < 0.002, Fisher exact test). Table 1 shows the changes in attachment status in both treatment groups. Both for attachment security (a) and unresolved trauma (b), there were no significant changes by the exact McNePsychotherapy is recommended as the primary treatment for borderline personality disorder (BPD) [1, 2] . Transference-focused psychotherapy (TFP) is a manualized treatment for BPD, focusing on symptoms, self-destructive behaviour, resolution of identity disturbance, and enhancing the patients' integration of mental representations of self and significant others by the analysis of the transference in the here-and-now therapeutic relationship in a structured treatment frame [3] . Aetiological models suggest that insecure attachment experiences impart greater risk for the maladaptive personality traits underlying BPD [1] . Adult attachment representations, which can be assessed with the Adult Attachment Interview (AAI) [4, 5] , have been shown to be modifiable by psychotherapy [6] . BPD [7] or the sequelae of maltreatment [8] have been associated with increased occurrence of insecure and especially "unresolved" attachment, characterized by the failure to resolve the loss of an attachment figure or maltreatment, like sexual and physical abuse, evidenced in the participants' narratives [5] . A previous study [9] has demonstrated the efficacy of TFP in the treatment of BPD in a randomized clinical trial, showing a significantly lower drop-out rate and more reduction of borderline symptoms, as well as improvement of psychosocial functioning, personality organization, and reflective functioning compared to experienced community psychotherapy (ECP) [9, 10] . The aim of the present study was to assess changes in attachment representations, focusing on narrative coherence and resolution of unresolved attachment in the same dataset. We hypothesized that BPD patients with unresolved attachment would show impaired psychosocial functioning, more borderline symptoms, lower scores on personality organization, and higher incidence of lifetime PTSD at baseline. According to a previous study, we expected more participants to change from insecure to secure [11] and, Received: July 25, 2016 Accepted after revision: February 6, 2017 Published online: September 14, 2017


T HE environment in which we live is so intertwined with our reactions to it, that it is no easy matter to determiune how far it may be playing a causal role. Clinical instances of psychiatric disorders at times of external stress there are in plenty. But the difficult question always arises as to how far such circumstances are the cause of the disorder, how far coincidental, and how far actually made by the patient. Only large scale studies on the incidence of neurosis and psychosis in relation to the social and economic environment can hope effectively to answer these questions. This is a study which has been surprisingly neglected, especially in this country. More attention appears to have been paid to mental defect and delinquency. The latter is not dealt with here but poor economic conditions are considered in relation to mental defect, psychosis and neurosis.


Mating Pheromone in Cryptococcus neoformans is Regulated by a Transcriptional/Degradative "Futile" Cycle Yoon-Dong Park, John Panepinto, Soowan Shin, Peter Larsen, Steven Giles and Peter R. Williamson Laboratory of Clinical Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA. Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Witebsky Center for Microbial Pathogenesis and Immunology, University of Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA Section of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA Biosciences Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 S. Cass Ave, Lemont, IL, USA Department of Bacteriology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA Address correspondence to: Peter R. Williamson, MD, PhD, 9000 Rockville Pike, Building 10, Rm 11N234, MSC 1888, Bethesda, MD 20892. Fax: (301) 480-7321; e-mail: email@example.com


............................................................................... i Declaration .............................................................................. iii Acknowledgements ............................................................... iv Publications and presentations ............................................. v Table of contents .................................................................. vii List of Figures ....................................................................... xv List of Tables ...................................................................... xviii Abbreviations ....................................................................... xix Chapter


In order to improve the security of the safety box, a safety box management system based on human body detection and face recognition is designed and implemented. The system uses Raspberry Pi as hardware device, detects whether there is anyone by human sensor, collects face data by camera for analysis, and uses the rudder to switch the safety box's door. An APP based on Face++ platform has been developed, users can register face information through this APP, update face data uploaded by users in real time, and realize the function that registered face users can open the safety box. This system has important significance for the development of face recognition-based industry.


1. Kadam VR. Ultrasound‐guided quadratus lumborum block as a postoperative analgesic technique for laparotomy. J Anaesthesiol Clin Pharmacol 2013;29:550‐2. 2. Ueshima H, Otake H, Lin JA. Ultrasound‐guided quadratus lumborum block: An updated review of anatomy and techniques. Biomed Res Int 2017;2017:2752876. 3. Blanco R, Ansari T, Riad W, Shetty N. Quadratus lumborum block versus transversus abdominis plane block for postoperative pain after cesarean delivery: A randomized controlled trial. Reg Anesth Pain Med 2016;41:757‐62.


Qualitative research approaches under the umbrella of phenomenology are becoming overly prescriptive and dogmatic (e.g., excessive and unnecessary focus on the epoché and reduction). There is a need for phenomenology (as a qualitative research approach) to be renewed and refreshed with opportunities for methodological flexibility. In this process paper, we offer one way this could be achieved. We provide an overview of the emerging paradigm of post-cognitivism and the aligned movement of enactivism which has roots in phenomenology and embodied cognition. We argue that enactivism can be used as a flexible resource by qualitative researchers exploring the unfolding of first-person (subjective) experience and its meanings (i.e., the enactive concept of sense-making). Enactive approaches are commonly tethered to "E-based" theory, such as the idea that sense-making is a 5E process (Embodied, Embedded, Enacted, Emotive, and Extended). We suggest that enactivism and E-based theory can inform phenomenological research in eclectic and non-prescriptive ways, including integration with existing methods such as observation/interviews and thematic analysis with hybrid deductive-inductive coding. Enactivism-informed phenomenological research moves beyond methodological individualism and can inform novel qualitative research exploring the complex, dynamic, and context-sensitive nature of sense-making. We draw from our enactive study that explored the co-construction of pain-related meanings between clinicians and patients, while also offering other ways that enactive theory could be applied. We provide a sample interview guide and codebook, as well as key components of rigor to consider when designing, conducting, and reporting a trustworthy phenomenological study using enactive theory.


The passing of the Orde Lama in Indonesia and the death of President Sukarno seem too recent, and political emotions are still too high to arrive at a definitive characterization of the nature of the political system and its leader. The apparent contradictions between the ideological dynamism and the social conservatism' of Guided Democracy, the lack of conclusive evidence about Sukarno's final political intentions, and the chaotic, even apocalyptic period before the sudden demise of the system all contribute to the difficulty of classification. Finally, the dramatic events around the October 1, 1965 coup attempt have distracted our attention unduly. In Indonesia itself, the political atmosphere does not yet allow an objective assessment of the period. Since nearly all members of the present elite were in one way or another deeply involved in the events of that time, there are few publications about the period, and they have been rather polemical and unsystematic.2


In every business of industry, there always be some risks shadow it. It is a complex economic concept, without an effective management system which it is impossible to imagine the functioning of a modern enterprise. Handling of Dangerous Goods in Air Warehouse needs special attention by human resources to maintain safety and the productivity of handling it. Therefore, the Indonesian government through the Directorate General Civil Aviation of Transportation Minister has made serious efforts of improving the incident's impact by emphasizing the airline and any air warehouse company which is involved in Dangerous Goods Handling by managing the risk properly before transporting the shipment into the Aircraft. This article aims to improve and simplify the risk management in handling dangerous goods at the warehouse through the best experience and related Training requirements table on IATA DGR (International Air Transport Association Dangerous Goods regulation) and national regulation. Finally, is dedicated to increasing productivity of human resource who involved in this handling. This article was arranged through library research and using descriptive qualitative explorative research's method, therefore, these efforts will support Indonesian Government to improve the productivity in the human resource when handling the shipment in and out the airport warehouse so that the flow of clearance shipment will then create smooth distribution and affect the productivity of other sectors beyond the warehousing's business.


Wormhole routing is a key technique in the design of Dawning 1000 which is the first MPP system made in China. In this paper, wormhole routing is introduced, and an algorithm based on wormhole routing, a chip architecture and its logic design are also described. Finally, an interconnection constructed by the wormhole routing chips is put forward for Dawning 1000 which indicates this kind of chip has a correct function and fast rate with reliability.


Barnes, WM and J. McDunnough 1918. Illustrations of the North American species of the genus Catocala. Mem. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist. New Series, Vol. III, part 1. Covell, Jr., C.V. 1984. A field guide to moths eastern North America. The Peterson Field Guide Series No. 30. Houghton Mifflin Co., Boston. xv + 469pp., 64 plates. Heppner, J.B. 2003. Arthropods of Florida and neighboring land areas, vol. 17: Lepidoptera of Florida, Div. Plant Industry, Fla. Dept. Agr. & Consum. Serv., Gainesville. x + 670 pp., 55 plates. Knudson, E. & C. Bordelon 1999. Texas Lepidoptera Survey, Checklist of the Lepidoptera of Texas 2000 edit. Kusnezov. 1903, Rev. Russe Ent., III, p.166. fig.1a,1b. Sargent, T.D. 1976, Legion of Night: The underwing moths. Amherst Univ. Mass. Press. Literature cited a The medium-sized underwing moth Catocala orba Kusnezov (Fig. 1) is listed by Heppner to occur in the southeast US: South Carolina to Florida and Arkansas to Texas. Sargent (1976) inferred that orba Kusnezov may represent a southwestern subspecies (of Catocala miranda Hy. Edwards). The inside cover of Sargent's book states it is a complete survey of the (Catocala) species of eastern North America, yet this is one


This comic visually conveys the absurdity of overreliance on symptom measures and excessive testing in contemporary clinical decision making and health care practice.


At present, GML data compression is a hotspot in the fields of geographic information sharing, interoperability. Based on the analysis of characteristics of traditional GML data compression methods, the paper proposed a GML compressor with holistic isomorphic characteristics, which achieves semantic isomorphic compression by constructing index encodings of feature elementspsila tags and achieves spatial data isomorphic compression by clustering GML spatial data, establishing local coordinate systems and converting GML spatial data into local coordinate systems. Experimental results show that the compressor is more effective than traditional compressors. The GML compressor proposed in this paper has a certain value for theoretical and technological researches of GML data storage, query and transmission.


Platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) is an important regulator of vascular smooth muscle (VSM) cell growth and migration and has been identified as a key mediator of neointima formation resulting ...


The "phenomenological" method according to Emmanuel Levinas consists of two steps: first, reducing the said (le dit) to the saying (le dire); and second, "hyperbole" in his own words. Reducing the said to the saying, in itself, means in this context of the methodology a method to escape from ontology and cognitive philosophy, and to discover the dimension of inter-human facticity. In the second step of "hyperbole", Levinas outlines the horizon of this inter-human facticity as that of affectivity. In this horizon (of ethics), the self is defined as phenomena containing the affectivity related to the two extreme situations: personal (physical and mental) suffering and that of the other. Ultimately, the death of the other person and a person's own possible death limit the internal structure of this horizon.


The birth, growth, and separation of bubbles are microscopically observed in the electrodeposition of nickel in a nickel sulfamate bath. Bubbles repeatedly nucleate and grow at the same locations on the electrode used in the electrodeposition. The bubbles disturb ion transportation to the electrode surface for a long duration, causing the formation of holes, because electrodeposition only occurs outside the areas where bubbles are generated. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) observation revealed that the surface texture of the bubble traces is smoother than that of the other areas and that there are many cracks and fragments in the bubble traces, which cause local changes in the characteristics of the electrodeposited film.


The article is devoted to the study of the features of the personal adaptability structure of 1st year students of a medical university studying on a budgetary basis. The concept of the phenomenon of adaptability is given, various approaches to understanding the structural components of adaptability are analyzed. The study used the method of Kolpakova L.M., which reveals the adaptive attitude of the individual to difficult situations, and the method of Maklakov A.G., which diagnoses the adaptive abilities of the individual. Based on the results of the study, conclusions were drawn about the deficiency of the level of reflective-evaluative, cognitive-emotional components of adaptability and the general level of adaptive abilities of this group of students. The analysis of the behavioral component of adaptability demonstrates the opposite result of its parameters; based on the results of the analysis of the motivational-semantic component, average indicators for both of its parameters were revealed. It has been established that the majority of respondents have signs of character accentuations with a tendency to behavioral reactions of a neurotic type, low emotional stability and signs of a socio-oriented personality orientation.


Dysphagia is common in older adults living in Residential Long-Term Care (RLTC) settings, requiring timely diagnosis and appropriate management to avoid potential complications and improve quality of life. Current dysphagia prevalence rates, screening and management practices in RLTC settings in the Republic of Ireland are not known.

 An online survey was developed, consisting of 40 questions to determine dysphagia prevalence rates and associated nursing practices in screening and managing dysphagia in RLTC settings. An expert panel was formed with individuals having clinical experience in swallow screening and dysphagia management in older adults. We calculated Item-level Content Validity Index (I-CVI) and modified Kappa statistic (k), to adjust for chance agreement, for all 40 items in terms of representativeness and clarity. A survey item is considered relevant where I-CVI≥0.78, between 0.70 and 0.77 requires revision, and below 0.70, is eliminated. For k values, agreement levels are considered as low (k=< 0.40), fair (k=0.40–0.59), good (k=0.60–0.74) and high (k=≥ 0.75).

 The expert panel consisted of three nurse managers, two nurse specialists and three senior speech and language therapists with postgraduate qualifications, up to three years of experience in dysphagia related research and three to thirty-six years of clinical practice. For clarity, all items scored I-CVI≥0.78 and k=≥0.75 except four items, for which I-CVI=0.75 and k=0.72. For representativeness, only one item had an I-CVI=0.75 and k=0.72, with all other scoring I-CVI≥0.78 and k=≥ 0.75.

 Findings suggest that the DPP-RLTCS has high content validity in terms of clarity and representativeness even after adjusting for chance agreement.


The study purposed to examine and analyze the differences in ROA, ROE, LDR and CAR between foreign banks and non-foreign exchange banks in Indonesia. Objects in this study is a Foreign Exchange Bank and Non-Foreign Exchange Bank in Indonesia 2008-2012 Period. The sample in this study as many as 24 by using purposive sampling method and type of data is secondary data. The data used is derived from the existing data, as for the analytical method used was Paired Sample t-test. The results of the current testing shows that from 2008-2012 ROE, LDR and CAR had different ratios between the financial performance of foreign banks and non-foreign exchange banks. This happens because foreign banks are not optimally exploit and gain profit opportunities of transactions using foreign currency. While ROA ratios did not different between the financial performance of foreign banks and non- foreign exchange banks. Keywords: Return On Asset, Return On Equity, Loan to Deposit Ratio, Capital Adequacy Ratio and Financial Performance


The family, like all other social units, is a power system, resting to some degree on force or its threat. This paper examines the deterrent value of the actual use of force and the implied deterrent of its threat, as well as the outside supports of the use of force in the family which come from the state, the community, friends, and so on. The role of force in socialization is discussed (with some cross-cultural illustration from the case of Japan), and a series of propositions are presented. A final section explores force which emerges into violence as assault, murder and child abuse, from an exchange perspective.


ITERIAL HOMOGRAFTS offer a bright promise to those patients who have advanced arterial disease of the major peripheral arteries and the distal aorta. In the present series, a diseased segment of a vessel has been replaced by a homograft in 264 patients, the majority of whom since have shown great clinical improvement. In nine patients in whom the homografts failed either during the immediately postoperative period or during the ensuing 18 months, the homografts were recovered for critical analysis at reoperation or at necropsy. The findings on these studies are presented in this report. Nine homografts were available for study; five of these were recovered from 4 to 8 weeks and four from 9 to 18 months after the primary operation. Changes observed in the homografts in the early group were similar, and one was chosen for this report as representative for the preparation of photomicrographs and for comparison with the older segments.


The article considers innovative approaches to the organization of physical education of recipients of higher education in quarantine. The peculiarities of the influence of self-isolation on people's lives are analyzed, including: on the emotional state, the work of the cardiovascular, endocrine system, musculoskeletal system. It is also determined that the preservation of health, physical development and individuality are considered as criteria for the social well-being of society. Modern changes in society require innovative changes in the field of education, which is responsible for preparing people for life. An important and main task of higher education is to form a professional with a high level of competence in the chosen specialty. It is emphasized that in order to increase the effectiveness of activities, program-methodical support of students is recommended. Modernization of students' physical culture in higher education is based on the formation of physical culture of the individual, helps to reveal their physical potential, meet physical needs and develop talents in the education of physical qualities that meet the requirements of future work. It should be noted that among the innovative educational methods, information technologies (business games, trainings, study of typical and atypical situations, etc.) based on mobile learning are becoming popular. It is determined that to increase the effectiveness of activities carried out program and methodological support of students, the essence of which during distance learning and independent physical education of students was primarily to create a program resource of classes consisting of exercises, their dosage, methods of complex health effects. of the body.


This analysis aimed to identify, through case study, the model adopted for the recognition of environmental costs. It can be considered an important research for the industrial environment as it is in this business that occurs more strongly the use of resources from the environment. This study was conducted using as a sample a food business industry, located in the Northeast. Data collection took place with the support of an interview script and the execution of document analysis, showing the quantitative and qualitative research. With the recognition of environmental costs and its subsequent dissemination to the general public, it creates a social value to the company by managing actions that provide the best use of natural resources without transgressing the legal requirements. It was observed that the company studied despite declaring that has a consistent environmental policy, presents actions that give northern environmental management. In this context, the completion of this work has resulted in four points for reflection: the company's commitment to the environment is within acceptable parameters by the inspectors; the management model adopted by the company takes into account environmental costs, preventing failures and promoting quality in the use of environmental resources; the communication process was carried out effectively, considering the records of environmental costs which are evidenced in statements to keep stakeholders abreast of environmental actions taken by the company; and an unfavorable point was no record of artesian well in non-current assets of the company, which leads to the use of this very natural uncontrollably.


In this paper, an eco-epidemiological model in which both species diffuse along a spatial gradient has been shown to exhibit temporal chaos at a fixed point in space. The proposed model is a modification of the model recently presented by Upadhyay and Roy [2014]. The spatial interactions among the species have been represented in the form of reaction–diffusion equations. The model incorporates the intrinsic growth rate of fish population which varies linearly with the depth of water. Numerical results show that diffusion can drive otherwise stable system into aperiodic behavior with sensitivity to initial conditions. We show that spatially induced chaos plays an important role in spatial pattern formation in heterogeneous environment. Spatiotemporal distributions of species have been simulated using the diffusivity assumptions realistic for natural eco-epidemic systems. We found that in heterogeneous environment, the temporal dynamics of both the species are drastically different and show chaotic behavior. It was also found that the instability observed in the model is due to spatial heterogeneity and diffusion-driven. Cumulative death rate of predator has an appreciable effect on model dynamics as the spatial distribution of all constituent populations exhibit significant changes when this model parameter is changed and it acts as a regularizing factor.


T burden of childhood tuberculosis (TB) reflects ongoing TB transmission in a community.1 About one million children fall sick with TB every year.2 The pattern of drug resistance in children in a community generally mirrors that of the adult population.3 Among adults, 3.7% of new cases and 20% of previously treated cases were estimated to have multidrug-resistant TB (MDR-TB) worldwide in 2012.4 In 2010, an estimated one million children developed TB disease, among whom 32 000 had MDR-TB.2 Difficulties in diagnosis due to insensitive tools for microbiological confirmation in children hamper the estimation of the burden of drug-resistant TB in this population. Thus, accurate information on mortality and morbidity due to drug-resistant TB in children is lacking. This is only one among the multiple research and knowledge gaps that negatively affect children suffering from drug-resistant TB. The goal of achieving a reduction in the global burden of TB by 2015, in line with the Millennium Development Goals, encompasses the protection of vulnerable populations, including children, from TB, TB and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection and multidrug-resistant TB among its objectives.5 Enabling and promoting research by making the best use of currently available tools and developing new tools for TB diagnosis, treatment and prevention is an important step towards achieving the goal of eliminating TB by 2050.5 Evidence-based research priority setting is essential for effective use of funds for research and development. In this context, identification of research priorities for drug-resistant TB in children is important to address the knowledge gaps and eventually to reduce TB deaths and disease in children. A global partnership of researchers, care givers and advocates who share a vision of a world where no child dies from this curable and preventable disease, called the Sentinel Project on Pediatric Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis, has begun collaborating toward this end (www.sentinel-project.org). We sought to conduct a priority-setting exercise among a group of paediatricians, experts and advocates to identify and rank priority research questions related to epidemiology, diagnostics, treatment and prevention of drug-resistant TB in children.


Japanese science and its vocabulary have each gone through stages of development as Japan moved into and out of periods of isolationism. Historically, certain forces such as the import of Chinese characters to write with and the US defeat of Japan in World War IT have affected the way Japanese treats scientific vocabulary. This paper begins with an overview of modem Japan and then a general grounding in the mechanics of the language and some explanations of the notation used, then moves on to a breakdown of the three orthographies of Japanese and their origins. This section mostly concentrates on the adoption of Chinese characters and the current divisions of usage between the three orthographies. Next is a discussion of loanwords in Japanese: how they are written, how they are adopted and created, and some quirks found in Japanese loanwords. After this comes an examination of the development of science in Japan, highlighting the main trends for the past several hundred years such as the long period of isolationism lasting to some degree for approximately 300 years which resulted in the Dutch and Portuguese being the main international connections to Western science for Japan. Finally. there is a section on the most common Chinese characters in Japanese scientific vocabulary and some information on the breakdown of overlap between sciences and the tendency toward calques formed because descriptive scientific terms can be translated piecewise from one language to another without impairing meaning.


. By accident a 60-year-old man aspirated about 20 g metallic mercury into the bronchial tract. Most of the metal disappeared within one year and there was no evidence of acute or chronic mercurialism. Repeated analyses demonstrated elevated levels of mercury in blood and urine. However, the combined results from these studies indicate that most of the mercury was eliminated with the sputum or possibly by the breath.


ABSTRACT The future of literary studies depends on the acknowledgment of its present. After the emergence of post-theoretical times, in the 1990s, the academy faces a discontinuity with the intellectual projects of the twentieth century, which results in an experience of institutional void. The created space allows idiosyncratic practices, without a characterization of a disciplinary profile. In order to think about an institutional continuation of literary studies, it is necessary to recognize this void-like quality that the present times exhibit.


The density matrix parametrisation of collisionally excited atomic ensembles is generalised to account for projectile and target spin polarisations. The density matrix elements, containing spin-resolved alignment and orientation parameters, can be determined by measurements of the 'generalised Stokes parameters' introduced by Andersen and Bartschat (1994) to describe scattered-projectile-polarised-photon coincidence experiments. Focusing on electron impact excitation of light alkali-type targets and mercury, the present experimental status of such experiments is reviewed, in particular with regard to the 'perfect scattering experiment' whereby all independent scattering amplitudes are determined.


In this paper, a novel design for dynamic input allocation is proposed. Given a closed-loop system including an input redundant plant (i.e. having more inputs than outputs), the allocator modifies the plant's input by injecting an allocation signal in such a way that the plant's output is unmodified but the steady-state evolution of the control input is optimized with respect to a suitable Lagrange cost. The proposed solution extends previous work by replacing simple harmonic allocation signals by periodic piecewise polynomial ones, thus providing the basic tool to realize spline-based allocation with enhanced potential for applications in more challenging or nonlinear contexts such as flexible robotics or drone swarms, where simple harmonic allocation signals might be inadequate.


Litter fall from a San Andres Island mangrove (12o32' N, 81o41' W, Colombian Caribbean coast), was collected monthly (1994-1995) with mesh baskets, keeping results separate for the three species (Rhizophora mangle, Avicennia germinans and Laguncularia racemosa), and taking a sample and a replica per case. Nine sampling sites were selected in two groups of woodlands: one in the inner side behind a sand-bar and the coast road (Mount Pleasant, Salt Creek, Sound Bay and Smith Channel) and a peripheral site, exposed to the waves (Bahía Hooker Bahía Honda and El Cove). Productivity was greater for all species in the inner group, and higher in the rainy seasons. Rhizophora mangle was the only species contributing reproductive components through-


A ceramic pattern with shape is necessary for spray forming a deposited steel billet with shape.The ceramic pattern was wet pressed under 100 MPa,by using silica sol pre-coated zircon/boron nitride powder as raw material and silica sol as a binder.Then it was calcined at 800 ℃ for 3 h.The ceramic pattern has good thermal shock resistance and high temperature corrosion resistance for high vanadium steel.Its linear shrinkage rate is 2.5%(1400 ℃,3 h),and its compressive strength is 64 MPa or more.It is available for machinability by carbide drill or hard alloy cutter.Its performance can meet the requirements of the precise spray forming ceramic pattern.


In recent years, researchers are eagerly developing the Ultrasound Cavity Agents (UCA) as a therapeutic agent, so that they can deliver the drugs to an intended place in a guided manner with minimal invasiveness and maximum effectiveness. However, control dissolution of the drug is still an issue because the shell of the micro-bubble sometimes collapses instantaneously and start releasing the drug at a faster rate. This sudden rise in the pressure's level can rupture the capillaries and sometimes blood vessels also. Therefore, in such cases, it is a great challenge to examine the dynamics of the micro-bubble as well as the health of the blood vessel. In this essence, this paper presents a study based on the finite element method to examine the potential use of Photo-Acoustic Flow Cyclometery (PAFC) to resolve this issue. The presented model is based on the study of the intensity variations of the optical scatterings engender by the micro-bubbles through PAFC. The results of the study reveal that the proposed model has the potential to be used as a new mechanism to examine the growth of the micro-bubble as well as the health of the blood vessel. Moreover, by analysing the scattering pattern, one can also able to predict the value of the cavitation threshold and the size of the micro-bubble. Hence, the authors envisioned that the modified PAFC system can lead the path of a low-cost and real-time examiner for accurate target drug delivery as well as for the health of the blood vessel. Which in turn potentially increases the localized concentration of the drug to reduce the concerned side-effects of medicine on the other part of the body.


The purpose of this 1968 monograph is to review the several systematic studies of federal grants, to assess the overall effects of grant programs on what today is called intergovernmental relations, and to offer some thoughts about possible reforms.


Each year, < 30 million patients worldwide develop clinical human papillomavirus (HPV) infections in the form of condylomata acuminata. However, these productive infections only account for a small proportion of all HPV infections; far more infections either have a subclinical course or are latent, i.e. they cannot be diagnosed clinically [1]. Whereas latent HPV infections are, at most, theoretically responsible for direct sexual transmission to the partner or spreading of infection on the patient's skin, the virulence of clinical and subclinical HPV infections has been con®rmed epidemiologically. Subclinical HPV infections, which are often not diagnosed and treated because they have been overlooked, are generally considered responsible for the high rates of recurrence and increasing prevalence of HPV infections. These subclinical HPV infections can be rendered relatively visible and thus treatable on the keratinized skin of the external genitals with 5% acetic acid and magni®cation techniques (a hand lens or colposcopy). In urology, such ef ̄orescences are found in the urethra; in otorhinolaryngology they are found in the oropharynx, and in gynaecology on the vagina and cervix. Herein we present a method for detecting mucosa-associated HPV ef ̄orescences, i.e. photodynamic diagnostics (PDD), using ̄uorescence after the topical application of 5-aminolaevulinic acid (ALA); examples of the clinical application of PDD in the urethra are presented.