Background: Since the outbreak of political violence in Syria in 2011, vast numbers of Syrians have gone to the Jordanian border to escape one of the most devastating civil wars in recent times, and about one-third of the refugees fleeing their countries, i.e., about one million three hundred thousand Syrian refugees, have arrived. These refugees are distributed within the Zaatari, Azraq, Rakban, and Emirati-Jordanian camps. Some of them live outside the scope of these four camps, especially in the governorates of Irbid, Mafraq, Amman, and Zarqa. More than half of these refugees are children.
Methods: The research uses the descriptive analysis method, which is based on the detailed description and in-depth analysis of the topic of the study through gathering detailed data related to the research problem, analysing legal texts and relevant information as well as their clear interpretation, concluding with proposing appropriate solutions and recommendations aimed at supporting the right of Syrian refugee children in Jordan to obtain their right to education.
Results and Conclusions: The study concluded the importance of the efforts made by the Jordanian government, with the support of donors and humanitarian organisations, regarding assisting Syrian students in obtaining a quality education and its contribution to the steady increase in the percentage of children enrolled in education.
On the other hand, the study confirmed the many obstacles and difficulties that impede the education of Syrian refugees in Jordan, such as child labour and early marriage, the lack of appropriate educational infrastructure in light of the scarcity of essential financial resources, the lack of international funding; the limited availability of school, the shortage of qualified human resources to deal with refugee children, and the lack of the necessary documentation to enrol in education.
However, despite all the challenges and difficulties related to the education of Syrian refugees in Jordan, the opportunity remains to overcome the difficulties effectively, develop the educational reality, achieve an increase in the rates of absorption in the educational systems, and improve the quality of education provided to these students, which will contribute to the realisation of their dreams and aspirations and help them rebuild their society and host society alike.


Objective To study mild cognitive impairment(MCI)in patients with ankle brachial index(ABI) change and clinical significance.Methods Thirty two patients with MCI were enrolled,and 25 cases of age-matched elderly patient were selected as control group.The serum levels of ABI,hypersensitivity C-reactive protein(hsCRP)and lipid were detected.Results ABI was positively correlated with serum level of high density lipoprotein(P0.05),while negatively correlated with hsCRP in MCI patients(P0.05).Conclusion MCI patients with lower ABI may be related to lipid metabolism and inflammation.


The issues of improvement of hold-off capability and reliability of high-voltage vacuum tubes, for example, X-ray tubes were studied. Two methods are suggested for improvement of the tubes operation. The first method is based on deposition of special coatings on the inner surface of tube isolator in the regions where electric field strength is high. These coatings have bulk electric conductivity higher than for isolator material but their surface conductivity is almost equal. The second method is based on pulsed surface melting of the tube electrodes with non-relativistic, high-current electron beam. Pulsed surface melting drastically reduces parasitic field emission, which results in the decrease of the charge density both in the bulk and surface of isolator providing high hold-off voltages through the tube. The tests of 160-kV and 250-kV X-ray tubes made utilizing the new above mentioned technologies have shown that parasitic currents do not exceed 1 μA and conditioning time decreases from 5 hours to 15 minutes. The new technology also allows to reduce dimensions of the tube.


X-ray crystallography of biological macromolecules comprises the determination of the three-dimensional structures of proteins, nucleic acids and other biological macromolecules at atomic resolution by diffraction of X-rays on crystals of such macromolecules. The atomic structure is obtained from the electron density distribution of the macromolecular crystal, which is the Fourier transform of the waves diffracted by the crystal. The amplitudes of the diffracted waves are determined directly from the diffraction experiment. The diffraction phases are revealed (i) from additional diffraction data of isomorphous heavy atom derivatives [multiple isomorphous replacement (MIR) technique], (ii) from multiple anomalous diffraction (MAD), if suitable anomalous scatterers are in the crystal and using tunable synchrotron radiation, and (iii) by Patterson search techniques (molecular replacement), if structural information on the biological macromolecule under investigation is available. X-ray crystallography of biological macromolecules is the unique method for the elucidation of the spatial structures at atomic resolution of complex biomolecules with molecular masses greater than 30 kDa. The structures represent a time average and spatial average of molecules packed in a crystal. The preparation of suitable crystals may be a limiting factor.


Introduction: Vulvovaginal hematoma and pseudoaneurysm of the pelvic vasculature are uncommon causes of postpartum hemorrhage. In this report we present the case of an obturator artery branch pseudoaneurysm causing puerperal vulvovaginal hematoma following uncomplicated vaginal delivery. Case Report: We present the case of a 27-year-old multiparous patient who underwent uneventful vaginal birth after cesarean (VBAC) following preterm premature rupture of membranes (PPROM) at 36w4d gestation. Within the immediate postpartum period she developed a rapidly expanding vulvar hematoma, with subsequent acute blood loss anemia and hypotension. Computed tomography (CT) angiogram of the pelvis showed a pseudoaneurysm of a branch of the right obturator artery, and she underwent successful coil embolization with interventional radiology. Incision and drainage was performed the following day with evacuation of the hematoma, and significant improvement in edema and pain. Conclusion: Obturator artery pseudoaneurysm is a rare cause of puerperal vulvovaginal hematoma that has not yet been described in the literature. We propose that CT angiography and arterial embolization should be considered in the setting of rapidly expanding puerperal vulvovaginal hematoma in a stable patient. Paulina J Haight1, MD, Miranda Kiefer1, DO Affiliation: 1Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio, USA. Corresponding Author: Paulina J Haight, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, 5th Floor, 395 W. 12th Avenue, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA; Email: paulina.haight@osumc. edu Received: 22 February 2021 Accepted: 30 April 2021 Published: 04 June 2021


Current-voltage characteristics of H(2)-Au molecular junctions exhibit intriguing steps around a characteristic voltage of V(s)approximate to 40 mV. Surprisingly, we find that a hysteresis is connected to these steps with a typical time scale >10 ms. This time constant scales linearly with the power dissipated in the junction beyond an off-set power P(s)=IV(s). We propose that the hysteresis is related to vibrational heating of both the molecule in the junction and a set of surrounding hydrogen molecules. Remarkably, by stretching the junction the hysteresis' characteristic time becomes >days. We demonstrate that reliable switchable devices can be built from such junctions.


Introduction. The incidence of respiratory system involvement in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) has currently increased; thereby new diagnostic methods have been developed actively. Meanwhile role of vascular disorders in pathogenesis of lung injury is almost unknown and single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) isn't used as method of lung assessment in RA. The detector of endothelial glycocalyx damage syndecan-1 is little known but potentially perspective serum marker of lung injury in RA. Objective. The purpose of the study was to investigate the role of vascular disorders in lung injury in patients with RA. Materials and methods. 61 patients with RA without comorbid lung diseases were enrolled in the study. Control group consisted of 26 healthy persons. Patients underwent survey and physical examination, high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) and SPECT of the lungs and pulmonary function tests (PFTs). Also serum levels of rheumatoid factor (RF), anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide antibodies (ACCP) and syndecan-1 were measured. Results. All patients developed microcirculation impairment on SPECT. Vascular disorders were according to changes of lung structure detected by HRCT (r = 0.434; p = 0.044). Areas of hypoperfusion matched with ground glass opacities, lung fibrosis, branching linear structures and airway obstruction on HRCT-SPECT fusion scans. Syndecan-1 level was higher in patients with RA compared with healthy controls (р = 0.019). Conclusion. Vascular disorders are important in pathogenesis of lung injury in RA, and SPECT has high sensitivity in lung assessment. Perfusion impairment in lungs correlates with syndecan-1 level, thus syndecan-1 could be used as marker of lung injury in RA thereafter.


Manufacturing of metal supported proton conducting ceramic cells is investigated in the present study. A low temperature fabrication route was chosen to avoid metal corrosion during the fabrication process, in which pulsed laser deposition (PLD) was employed to apply the thin-film BaZr 0.7 Ce 0.2 Y 0.1 O 3-δ electrolyte layer. The surface condition of the support layer is a critical aspect to produce a dense and gas-tight electrolyte layer by PLD. In order to decrease the average size of the 10-30 µm large pores in metal substrate down to the nano-scale, different powders with different particles size were successfully fabricated and integrated into a pore-size graded structure to form a homogeneous porous surface whose size distribution meets the requirements for making a dense PLD coating layer. An electrolyte layer with the intended phase is achieved with a thickness of around 1 µm. Initial electrochemical investigation with a Pt oxygen electrode showed a total resistance of 4.92 Ω cm 2 at 600 °C at OCV.


The paper analyzes present situation of oil consumption in china and its consumption trends from 1990 to 2007.Then paper uses the regression method and software "Matlab",establishes the relationship between energy consumption and economic growth.Moreover,by eliminating the factor of improving efficiency of energy utilization,the paper forecasts oil consumption from 2008 to 2010 in China.


This paper describes the mitigation of shaped charge penetration of steel armour by the use of spaced metallic and composite plates. The target consisted of one or more steel plates of 10mm thickness some of which were backed by 25mm E-glass polyester composite panels at various additional spacings from the rearmost steel plate. A 32mm diameter shaped charge warhead was detonated at a standoff of 2CD from the frontal of the armour system.


Optimum reaction conditions (type of lipase, solvent, water content in the reaction mixture) are examined for the lipase-catalyzed title reaction.


The Southwest Research Institute Life Detector is a hand-held, battery-operated seismometer. It is capable of detecting cardiac induced chest wall vibrations through heavy clothing and protective garments. A rule-based algorithm is used to analyze the detected signals to provide an indication of the heart beat and to compute the heart rate.


Achievements have been made in the field of extrinsic motivation and intrinsic motivation.There are many differences between the two kinds of motivations in conception,essence and functions.Intrinsic motivation involves people doing an activity because they find it interesting and derive spontaneous satisfaction from the activity itself.Extrinsic motivation,in contrast,requires an instrumentality between the activity and some separable consequences such as rewards.These two motivation theories tend to parallel two managerial strategies: scientific management and participative management.Some researchers find that extrinsic motivation may undermine or enhance intrinsic motivation,and extrinsic motivation may be internalized into intrinsic motivation with the development of individual's cognitive ability and self-efficacy.Future studies could focus on such topics: perceived feedback implied by the extrinsic motivation;certain factors of social context and individual level which affect internalization of extrinsic motivation and empirical research on extrinsic motivation and intrinsic motivation.


Syndromes, wherein multiple traits evolve convergently in response to a shared selective driver, form a central concept in ecology and evolution. Recent work has questioned the utility and indeed the existence of some of the classic syndromes, such as pollination and seed dispersal syndromes. Here, we discuss some of the major issues that have plagued research into syndromes in macroevolution. First, observation of co-evolving traits (sometimes called "trait syndromes'') is often used as evidence of adaptation to a particular driver, even when the link between traits and adaptation is not well-tested. Second, the study of syndromes often uses a biased sampling approach, focusing on the most extreme examples, which may obscure significant continuous variation between traits. Finally, researchers often focus on the traits that are easiest to measure even though these may not be the most directly relevant to adaptive hypotheses. We argue that these issues can be avoided by combining macroevolutionary studies of trait variation across entire clades with explicit tests of adaptive hypotheses, and that taking this approach will lead to a better understanding of syndrome-like evolution and its drivers.


Tuber sedges (Cyperus rotundus L.) is one of the plants that can be used for the treatment of diabetes mellitus. The content of flavonoids, saponins and tannins within Cyperus rotundus L capable lower blood glucose levels significantly. The purpose of this study was to determine the effects and effective dose of ethanol extract of the Cyperus rotundus L. in lowering blood glucose levels in male mice induced by alloxan. Thirty mice were divided into 6 groups. Group 1 (normal control), group II (diabetes control) were given 0.5% CMC, group III (control comparator) were given glibenclamide 0,013 mg/kg BW, Group IV, V and VI extract Cyperus rotundus L. given at a dose of 7 ; 14 ; and 21 mg/KgBB. Before being treated, alloxan induced mice at a dose of 150 mg/kgBB intraperitoneally. The 7th day after the induction, the mice had increased glucose> 200 mg/dL were treated extract Cyperus rotundus L. for 21 days orally. Measurement of glucose is conducted four times that day 0, 7, 14 and 21, blood samples were taken from the lateral tail vein, blood glucose levels tested ANOVA test followed Post Hoc test The result showed that ethanol extract of Cyperus Rotundus. L. tuber dose 7 mg/kg BW mice, dose 14 mg/kg BW mice, dose 21 mg/kg BW mice could decrase blood glucose level. ethanol extract of Cyperus Rotundus. L.ruber dose 14 mg/kg BW mice was effective in decrease blood glucose level.
Key words : Alloxan, Cyperus Rotundus. L., antidiabetic, blood glucose, glibenclamide


A numerical model is presented for the optimal vulcanization of 2D extruded polar rubber with microwaves and peroxides. Magnetron power and curing time are used as the input production parameters, and the output mechanical property selected for optimization is the average tensile strength of the item. A 2D thick weather strip is analyzed to validate the model. The electric field is evaluated by means of Yee cells (FDTD approach) and suitably inserted in Fourier's heat transmission law, thus allowing point-by-point temperature profiles to be determined. The temperature is then used to evaluate the degree of peroxidic reticulation, and thus the final tensile strength. A so-called alternating tangent approach based on the bisection method is finally proposed to estimate the optimal magnetron power and curing time.


In trematodes of the family Schistosomatidae it has long been considered that there is complete separation of sexes, in contrast to the hermaphroditic condition occurring in other families of flukes. However, recent reports on hermaphroditic tendencies in males of the genus Schistosoma (Vogel, 1947; Short, 1948a; Gonnert, 1949; and Lagrange and Scheecqmans, 1949) indicate that sex separation is not always complete in this genus. Observations reported in the present paper show that in the genus Schistosomatium, also, separation of sexes is not always complete. During a study to be reported elsewhere (in press), the writer had occasion to examine a large number of stained male and female Schistosomatium douthitti from deer mice. These were searched carefully for any evidence of hermaphroditism, with the result that certain females were observed to possess, besides ovaries, discrete cellular bodies which on further study proved to be immature testicular follicles. The present paper is concerned with these hermaphroditic females. MATERIALS AND METHODS All specimens of Schistosomatium douthitti dealt with in this paper were obtained from laboratory-reared and experimentally infected deer mice (Peromyscus manziculatus). These inice were kindly supplied by the Laboratory of Vertebrate Biology, University of Michigan. Some mice harbored unisexual, others bisexual infections. Worms were teased from the hosts' livers and extra-hepatic portal systems in 0.75 per cent saline solution, and were fixed in Bouin's solution, Carnoy's or Allen's B-15. Whole mounts were stained with Mayer's paracarmine or very dilute Harris's haematoxylin. When haematoxylin was used, specimens were usually counterstained with erythrosin. They were dehydrated in alcohol, cleared in cedarwood oil or xylol and mounted in clarite or piccolyte. Some worms were sectioned at 10 ~ and stained with Heidenhain's iron haematoxylin and eosin. Over 1350 female specimens (650 from unisexual and 700 from bisexual infections) were examined. The large majority of these were entire; a few, however, were broken but in these the region posterior to the ovary was intact. OBSERVATIONS A total of 21 females, with ovaries normal in histology, were found to possess well-defined, compact cellular masses of various sizes and shapes lying between the intestinal ceca posterior to the ovaries. These cellular masses are delimited by defi


Abstract Let R denote a commutative (and associative) ring with 1 and let A denote a finitely generated commutative R -algebra. Let G denote a finite group of R -algebra automorphisms of A . In the case that R is a field of characteristic 0, Noether constructed a finite set of R -algebra generators of the invariants of G . This paper proves that the same construction produces a set of generators of the invariants of G when | G |! is invertible in R . Generators of the invariants of G are also explicitly described in the case that G is solvable and | G | is invertible in R .


We outline requirements for mirror segment edges for extremely large telescopes, and introduce the new CNC machine for process verification. We review a promising approach for edge-control using the Precessions process, and report progress.


Speckle reduction and enhancement of synthetic aperture radar (SAR) images with translation-invariant wavelets are proposed. The proposed transformations are useful for speckle reduction through its subband-images and the speckle reduction is obtained by thresholding the subband-image coefficients of the digitized SAR images. The thresholding are nonlinear functions which are adapted for each of selected subband-images and are based on sigmoid functions. The proposed method shows great promise for speckle removal and hence provides good detection performance for SAR based recognition.


What is stunning is of course the lack of interest in a phenomenon which by all accounts has been one of the prime levers of change in modern societies. The classical mission of sociology, to offer a new reflexive self-understanding for post-feudal, industrial societies, would seem to encourage sociologists to position the study of technology at the very centre of their intellectual programme. Instead, they have marginalised and disdained technology, treating it as a trivial corollary of economic or scientific rationality,and of sociological relevance only insofar as it had effects on other societal patterns (Ogburn ; Gouldner and Peterson ). Technology has been taken seriously as a sociological phenomenon itself by only a very few sociologists (Gilfillan ; Noble ). For the most part, it has been left to renegade traditions like Marxism and labour-process theory (MacKenzie ), recently reinforced by the new social studies of technology () to unpack the "black box" of technology and reposition it as an authentic societal phenomenon. However, these traditions have adopted more or less sectarian standpoints with respect to mainstream sociology and have reinforced, rather than weakened, sociological prejudices regarding the ontological and epistemological "otherness" of technology.


New Careers is a training program for the underemployed or unemployed. It has two objectives: helping the poor help themselves and the democratization of society. The first has been more effectively dealt with and is of greater relevance to adult educators. Current strategy is based on the belief that even professional jobs can be broken down into simple tasks easily learned by most people. Various levels of a particular job will be reached by persons of different abilities. the proposed model includes six steps: state purposes of agency, set objectives, identify blocks of work, delineate tasks, organize tasks into jobs and organize jobs into career ladders. (CK)


Bound states in the continuum (BICs) emerge throughout physics as leaky/resonant modes that remain, however, highly localized. They have attracted much attention in optics and photonics, and especially in metasurfaces, that is, planar arrays of sub‐wavelength meta‐atoms. One of their most outstanding features is the arbitrarily large Q‐factors they induce upon approaching the BIC condition, which is exploited here to achieve a narrow transparency band. It is first shown how to shift a canonical BIC in an all‐dielectric metasurface, consisting of high‐refractive disks exhibiting in‐ and out‐of‐plane magnetic dipole (MD) resonances, by tuning the periodicity of the array. By means of the coupled electric/magnetic dipole formulation, it is shown analytically that when the quasi‐BIC overlaps with the broad (in‐plane MD) resonance, a full transparency band emerges with diverging Q‐factor upon approaching the BIC condition in parameter space. Finally, the experimental measurements in the microwave regime with a large array of high‐refractive‐index disks confirm the theoretical predictions. The results reveal a simple mechanism to engineer an ultra‐narrow BIC‐induced transparency band that can be exploited throughout the electromagnetic spectrum with obvious applications in filtering and sensing.


Research on feeding crustaceans include several factors of great ecological importance, as the relationship with the biota and the environment in which they live, as well as characteristics of the digestive anatomy, feeding habits, the foraging ability and analyze its potential for culture. The objective of this study was to know the feeding of Eriphia gonagra and to correlate with the impacts on the species in two reef areas in Maceió (Alagoas), Northeastern of Brazil, exposed to residues derived from fishing activities (Ipioca) and discharge of sewage (Ponta Verde). The collections were carried out monthly from september / 2015 to august / 2016. The feeding behavior of individuals in the field is observed through a binocular about 10 meters away. After collection, individuals were measured, dissected and had their stomach contents removed and analyzed, and the frequency of occurrence and food index were calculated to verify the influence of each food item on the total diet of the individuals collected. Feeding variations were correlated with molt stages and gonadal maturation, as well as seasonality and abiotic parameters measured at the site. Some individuals were also collected for food supply experiments in the laboratory, which were allocated live in individual aquariums. After one day without food, groups of food were offered at the local of samples, such as algae, mollusks, polychaetes and other crustaceans. A total of 375 individuals were analyzed, being 168 at Ipioca and 207 at Ponta Verde. There were significant differences in the stomach contents of the species in both areas, because in Ponta Verde the individuals ingested more macroalgae and debris, while in Ipioca the food was more diversified and contains items of animal origin. On the other hand, in the Ipioca region, it was observed the ingestion of plastic by the inappropriate disposal of fishing materials. Despite the considerable frequency of plastic in the stomachs, the food index indicates that the plastics have low values in relation to the total volume of food found in the stomachs of E. gonagra. This shows that the species suffered from residues of anthropogenic activities in Ipioca and, although it's not at present, may be a future mortality factor if the amount of litter increases in the marine environment. In the field, the individuals that were in alimentary activity were found in the borders of the burrows in 91.25 % of the time, feeding on the algal cover of the reef or mollusks. 7.75% was seen in drier and higher parts of the reefs, feeding on macroalgae. The cryptic habit of this species is thus well evidenced, tending individuals to feed themselves near places where they can hide and defend themselves from predators. The shape of it facilitates the feeding of algae and the heterochely, the ingestion of gastropods. At the laboratory, the preference of Eriphia gonagra was divided between filamentous macroalgae, preferring these items to mobile prey such as mollusks, sea urchins and polychaetes. The females presented cannibal behavior, feeding on males and females of their own species, possibly due to territorial dispute or stress of the laboratory environment.


Brain activity stimulated by the motor imagery paradigm (MI) is measured by Electroencephalography (EEG), which has several advantages to be implemented with the widely used Brain–Computer Interfaces (BCIs) technology. However, the substantial inter/intra variability of recorded data significantly influences individual skills on the achieved performance. This study explores the ability to distinguish between MI tasks and the interpretability of the brain's ability to produce elicited mental responses with improved accuracy. We develop a Deep and Wide Convolutional Neuronal Network fed by a set of topoplots extracted from the multichannel EEG data. Further, we perform a visualization technique based on gradient-based class activation maps (namely, GradCam++) at different intervals along the MI paradigm timeline to account for intra-subject variability in neural responses over time. We also cluster the dynamic spatial representation of the extracted maps across the subject set to come to a deeper understanding of MI-BCI coordination skills. According to the results obtained from the evaluated GigaScience Database of motor-evoked potentials, the developed approach enhances the physiological explanation of motor imagery in aspects such as neural synchronization between rhythms, brain lateralization, and the ability to predict the MI onset responses and their evolution during training sessions.


Impact of Written Emotional Disclosure of Trauma on Laboratory Induced Pain. (May 2008) Suzannah Kathleen Creech, B.A., The University of Texas at Austin; M.S., Texas A&M University Chair of Advisory Committee: Dr. Mary W. Meagher This study was undertaken to determine whether written emotional disclosure of trauma impacted capsaicin induced pain immediately after writing and at a one-month follow-up, and the extent to which a lifetime history of trauma alters pain under neutral conditions. Three experiments were conducted to answer these questions. In Experiment 1 participants were randomly assigned to write about either a neutral or a trauma topic, and they concurrently completed the capsaicin test. In Experiment 2, the capsaicin test was administered to trauma history and no trauma history participants and pain ratings and secondary hyperalgesia were recorded under neutral conditions. In Experiment 3, participants wrote for three days and completed the radiant heat test before writing on day 1 and after writing on day 3. They also completed the capsaicin test on either day 4 or at a one-month follow-up (day 30). Taken together, these studies had several important results. First, radiant heat withdrawal latencies, ratings of pain intensity and unpleasantness, and area of secondary hyperalgesia were all significantly increased when participants had a history of traumatic experiences. This is evidence that trauma history


Rhizoctonia root and crown rot (RRCR) of sugarbeet is caused by the soilborne fungus Rhizoctonia solani. The fungus is composed of genetically isolated populations called anastomosis groups or AGs (3). The AG population causing RRCR of sugarbeet is R. solani AG 2-2, which is further divided into the intraspecific groups (ISGs) AG 22 IIIB and AG 2-2 IV. Both ISGs cause RRCR on sugarbeet, but AG 2-2 IV is reported as the primary cause (3, 5), while AG 2-2 IIIB is the more aggressive population (4).


This project sought to explore the problems and possibilities experienced during the establishment of a guide training institute in Uttarakhand, India. As originally proposed by the Mountain Shepherds Initiative, a small tourism organization based in Uttarakhand, the aim of the guide training institute was to provide participants with the knowledge and skills needed to gain employment as guides within, and expand the extent of, high quality/low quantity birdwatching tourism within northern Uttarakhand. This project was undertaken in conjunction with the Mountain Shepherds Initiative and the problems and possibilities were identified during a six month stay in the region from May-November, 2010. The problems and possibilities identified concerned the potential for the expansion of birdwatching tourism within the region as well as the process of establishing the training institute. Problems and possibilities associated with the potential for expanding birdwatching tourism within the region were related to three destinationattributes identified by Scott and Thigpen (2003) as of primary concern to birdwatchers: species availability, infrastructure, and contrast to urban environs. Problems and possibilities identified in connection with the process of establishing the guide training institute related to the means by which sites were selected, the creation of a course curriculum, and the initial implementation of guide training through a pilot course. As the tourism industry grows, and guides are held to increasingly high standards, it is hoped that this exploratory study will both inform other organizations wishing to establish guide training programs as well as future research into guide training.


The invention relates to a process for the production of synthesis gas in conjunction with a smelting plant (1) comprising at least a furnace (2) for pig iron production, a converter steelworks (3) and a coke oven (4). A portion of the produced during the iron making blast furnace gas (6) and / or a part of the converter steelworks (3) accumulated converter gas (7) and / or a portion of the coke oven resulting (4) coke oven gas (8) are mixed. By selecting the brought together to form a mixed gas gas streams and / or by changing the mixing ratios of the combined gas streams at least two Nutzgasstrome (13, 14) are generated which differ in their composition and are each processed into synthesis gas streams.


The publication of Tibetan documents started long in Beijing, and the collection of them under different catalogues is in great number.


Whenever asked about the ultimate purpose of literature, Wieland responded in good enlightenment fashion by emphasizing that literary art, in addition to providing pleasure, should instruct.' What he understood by such instruction, however,-its specific nature and manner of realization in practice-underwent a profound change which is reflected in the shift from overt didacticism in his early writings to implied didacticism in the works beginning with Don Sylvio (1764).' His later attitude finds poetic expression in a short verse narrative called Der Vogelsang, oder die drei Lehren (1778), which is a recreation or adaptation of Le lai de 1'oiselet, an anonymous early thirteenth century French fabliau first published by Etienne Barbazan in 1756.:3 Especially in comparison with its source, this work provides an opportunity to study Wieland's understanding of the didactic dimension of literature and to view one portion of the interface between enlightenment and idealism. The narrator sets the scene in Swabia some five hundred years in the past and then describes the opulent estate of a medieval parvenu called "der reiche Hans". On this estate there is a paradisiacal grove formed by a seven-fold circle of linden trees with branches intertwined so as to create eternal twilight; in the center a rose hedge surrounds a marble fountain which bubbles forth clear, ice-cold refreshment. Twice a day a little bird endowed by fairies with magical powers appears at the fountain to sing. As long as it is present the beauty of the grove endures; as soon as it leaves, however, the foliage withers, the flowers die, and the fountain runs dry, leaving nothing but rock and sand behind. One day the Philistine Hans snares the bird in order to receive a handsome reward from the king. Finding its arguments of no avail, the bird buys its freedom by promising to tell Hans three things,


Over a commutative ring containing 1 2 , all quaternion algebras in the sense of Petersson [4], which are the separable quaternion algebras in the sense of Knus [1], are known since the work of Pumplün [6] to arise from ternary symmetric bilinear spaces by means of their polar decomposition. The reader is referred to subsection 3.3 below for details. Our aim in this paper will be to present a more general construction that does not require anymore the presence of 12 in the base ring. For a quaternion algebra to arise from this construction it is necessary and sufficient that it contain invertible elements of trace 1, which it does automatically not only if 12 exists but also over fields of characteristic two. Along more technical lines, the ternary bilinear spaces connected with our new type of polar decomposition are in general not symmetric. Our approach is reminiscent of, but actually much simpler than, the one adopted by Loos [2] for considerably more general purposes.


In ultrasonic detecting of coarse -grained material specimen or workpiece with limited size, there will always be grain-scattered waves and many kind of noise in received signal besides the flow echo and the bottom echo. In this paper, primary characteristics of the scattered wave, such as the position of its maximum value, the time of earliest it arrival to receiving transducer and its frequency spectrum characteristic in the propagation process have been verified experimentally. In theoretical analysis, we calculate the sound pressure distribution on the axis for transmitting and receiving complex field, using the pulse frequency spectrum composition method. According to the above calculation we give a physical explanation to the position of the maximum pressure value. We also use short time Fourier transforms to analyze the spectrum of the scattered wave during the propagation process, and obtain some useful results.


Social media has greatly expanded our connectedness, capitalizing upon one of the defining features of the internet: the incredible potential for connectivity both in terms of social relations (connecting people) and in terms of information (providing access to huge amounts of data by opening up and combining databases). Both of these aspects are ethically significant. This entry explores several ethically relevant aspects of social media and its use, its influence on personality and on cognitive performance, and the problematic status of intellectual property and privacy. In addition, attention is drawn to the ethical styles that are most naturally expressed in social media behavior.

Keywords:

feedback;
learning;
literacy;
online behavior;
privacy


The existing problems in graduation design of civil engineering specialty have been analyzed in this paper.Based on the teaching practical experiments,Combining curriculum design with graduation design has been put forward in the course arrangement.Double-tutors system has been set up in the course of graduation design.Quality guarantee and evaluation system has been adopted to wide-caliber graduation design of civil engineering specialty.


Brown, Stoffel, and Munoz's Occupational Therapy in Mental Health: A Vision for Participation (2nd ed.) is once again the most comprehensive occupational therapy text available in the area of menta...


RTERIAL catheterization for frequent A sampling of arterial blood and for continuous monitoring of arterial pressure has proved a useful and sometimes essential measure in the management of critically ill patients. Arterial blood pH, Pco2 and PO, values arc mandatory to guide respiratory care and alkalinization by providing acidbase data and information on the adequacy of ventilation and arterial oxygenation. Alveolar-art erial Do, values during breathing of air and 100 percent oxygen have been used to estimate VA4/Q abnormalities and right-to-left shunting.l Arterial plus central venous catheters are useful for guiding treatment of shock states and for determination of cxrdiac output and central blood volume.


While experimenting with a method for impregnating paraffin sections of nervous tissue with silver, as already reported elsewhere (Foot 1), it was found that the results obtained in the case of peripheral nerve trunks varied widely with the fixative used. So wide was this variation and so striking, that it is thought to be of sufficient interest to be reported. Some work has been done along this line by Davenport,2 who experimented upon blocks of cat's spinal cord, using a variety of fixatives and a standard silver nitrate impregnation (Ramon y Cajal), and bending his efforts toward determining the most favorable ammonia concentration in the alcoholic fixing fluid, together with the effect of extraction of lipins from the tissue by means of adjuvants to the alcohol, such as chloroform and pyridin. He found that the optimum impregnation was obtained after the use of alkaline fixatives that, at the same time, extracted the lipins and thus permitted complete penetration of the silver salt. Furthermore, he investigated the effect of varying the proportion of pyrogallol and formalin in the developer and found the former to be the essential ingredient, as formalin did not reduce silver nitrate although it does reduce the double ammonia salts of silver. His second paper3 dealt with acid fixatives, such as sulphosalicylic acid, trichloracetic acid, Hofker's fluid and Carnoy's fixative. There was less shrinkage of the tissue than was the case when ammoniated alcohol had been used, but during the necessary alkalinization, washing and silvering, the acid-fixed tissue ultimately shrank more than the controls, Carnoy's solution bringing about the maximum shrinkage noted. This he determined by measuring the blocks before and after fixing and impregnating. Successful silver impregnation was obtained after the use of all the fixatives with which he experi* Received for publication May 26, I932.


Aim. To study the properties of Tyr phosphorylation of USP1 protein in K562 cells. Methods. The bioinformatics analysis of the USP1 protein sites of phosphorylayion using the Phosphosite software. Coimmunoprecipitation, Western blot. Immunofluorescence analysis and confocal microscopy. Results. Potential phosphorylation sites for USP1 protein for Tyr are provided. Phosphorylated form of USP1 protein detected in K562 cells. Using immunofluorescence analysis and confocal microscopy, we found that Tyr phosphorylated forms of USP1 protein are localized in the nucleus. Conclusions. We deem that Tyr phosphorylation of USP1 protein is the consequence of its interaction with Bcr-Abl oncoprotein, which has high kinase activity. USP1 phosphorylation can raise deubiquitinating activity of this protein, and as a result, avert the proteosomal degradation of Bcr-Abl in cell and facilitate the progress of the disease.Keywords: chronic myeloid leukemia, Bcr-Abl, USP1, Tyr site of phosphorylation.


This paper presents equations and charts to design soil layer-geosynthetic systems overlying voids such as cracks, sinkholes, and cavities. These equations and charts were developed by combining tensioned membrane theory (for the geosynthetic) with arching theory (for the soil layer), thereby providing a more realistic design approach than one that considers tensioned membrane theory only. Equations and charts are presented for the case of a soil layer subjected to a uniformly distributed normal stress and overlying either an infinitly long void (plane-strain problem) or a circular void (axisymmetric problem). For the covering abstract of the symposium see IRRD 818063.


Objective: To investigate a family line in which the serological blood groups of the members did not accord with the inheritance rules and discuss the methods for identification of B (A) phenotypes and novel B (A) allele in Han nationality. Methods: ABO blood groups were identified by serological tests. B (A) alleles were determined by PCRSSP and direct DNA sequencing at exons 6 and 7 of ABO gene. Results: The family was blood-grouped serologically as AB phenotypes, while PCR-SSP assay showed as O/O phenotypes, but direct DNA sequencing at exons 6 and 7 of ABO gene indicated that they were B (A)/O phenotypes. Conclusion: DNA sequencing is able to identify B (A) phenotypes correctly, while PCR-SSP may result in a false result for the identification of blood group.


In this study, effects of nitrogen (N) fertilizer at different levels and irrigation interval at different growth stages of Hashemi rice were investigated on the yield and yield components in a factorial experiment based on a randomized complete block design with three replications during the crop years 2017 and 2018 in the Rice Research Institute of Iran, Rasht City. Studied factors were irrigation intervals (permanent waterlogging and irrigation once a week and once every 2 weeks) and different levels of N fertilizer (40, 60, and 80 kg ha-1 ) in both vegetative and reproductive stages. The studied traits were plant height, panicle length, number of panicles per plant, number of spikelet per main cluster, number of full grains per panicle, panicle fertility percentage, number of empty grains per panicle, 1000-grain weight, and grain yield. Results of the analysis of variance table showed that grain yield (GY) was significantly influenced by simple and interaction effects of the experimental treatments. The interactions of growth period, N fertilizer, and irrigation cycle were significant on this trait at a level of 1% during the two years. Grain yield and yield components increased significantly with N fertilizer application under optimal irrigation conditions. Among the treatments, the highest and lowest GYs belonged to the waterlogged irrigation treatment with 80 kg ha-1 of N fertilizer in the vegetative period in 2018 and irrigation treatment of once every 14 days with 40 kg ha-1 of N fertilizer in the reproductive period in 2017, respectively. In the presence of sufficient water, nitrogen plays an undeniable role in the yield. Although equal nitrogen use and management of permanent waterlogged irrigation and irrigation intervals have no effects on the yield, higher water use strongly reduces water use efficiency.


Presented by the Minister of the Dutch Colonies. Verbeek (Dr. R. D. M.) et R. Fennema. Description geologique de Java et Madoura. 2 Tomes and fol. Atlas. 8vo. Amsterdam, 1896. Presented by the Trustees of the British Museum. Catalogue of the Cuneiform Tablets in the Kouyunjik Collection by C. Bezold. Vol. IV. 4to. London, 1896. Presented by the Smithsonian Institution, Wilson (T.). The Swastika. 8vo. Washington, 1896. Presented by the Bibliothhque Nationale, Paris. Lavoix (EL). Catalogue des Monnaies Musulmanes de la Bibliotheque Nationale. Egypte et Syrie. Roy. 8vo. Paris, 1896. Presented by H.H. the Maharaja of TJlwar. Catalogue of the Sanskrit MSS. in the Library of H.H. the Maharaja of Ulwar by Peter Peterson. 4to. Bombay, 1892. Presented by the Madras Government Museum. Thurston (Edgar). Bulletin. Vol. I I , No. 1. Anthropology. 8vo. Madras, 1897. Presented by the Hon. Maharaja Pratdp Narain Singh of Ayodhya. Rasakusumakara. Presented by the Indian Government. Crooke (W.). Tribes and Castes of the North-West Provinces and Oudh. 4 vols. 8vo. Calcutta, 1896. Presented by Professor Rhys Davids. Oriental Studies. A Selection of the Papers read before the Oriental Club of Philadelphia, 1888-1894. 8vo. Boston, 1894. Lanman (C. R.). Whitney Memorial Meeting. 8vo. Boston, 1897.


High-order cell-vertex finite difference schemes applied to multi-block structured grids are used widely in computational aeroacoustics for their low-dispersion and low-dissipation properties. Structured grids for complex geometries may contain discontinuous grid metrics at multi-block interfaces. In this work it is demonstrated that the grid-induced errors from such interfaces can be reduced by applying finite difference schemes in the cell-centered space. Further reduction of these grid-induced errors can be achieved by applying an additional finite volume method, which serves as an interface condition. In this paper, the development of a hybrid cell-centered finite difference and finite volume method is demonstrated. An interpolation scheme is derived from a high-order finite difference scheme to apply the finite volume method at interfaces. The order of accuracy of this hybrid method is demonstrated and the method is used to simulate the flow around a single cylinder, tandem cylinders, and a complex isolated wheel. Comparisons with experimental measurements and numerical predictions show that the hybrid method can provide accurate results at block interfaces and can be applied to high-order simulations of complex geometries.


Summary form only given. The design and implementation of the EDIF family of standards is based on the use of the specification technique called information modelling. The goal of information modelling is to provide the standards development process with a methodology that will ensure, as far as is possible, that the contents of the standard are correct, consistent and clearly defined. The first part of the paper addresses the high level concepts and goals of information modelling. It looks at the basic mechanisms EXPRESS provides for capturing the essential objects and attributes of a domain and how those objects are inter-related. Above all, it concentrates on how constraints are used to ensure that the information model is explicit and unambiguous. The second part of the presentation focuses on the content of EDIF Version 350 and EDIF Version 400. The general architecture of the new EDIF standard is introduced and used to show how extensions of EDIF into the new domains of PCB and MCM are supported. The solutions adopted in EDIF to ensure a representation with minimal context dependency and hence, it is hoped, minimal ambiguity are highlighted.


Artists' books are a hybrid genre that incorporates the book form and art. Over the last ten years, artists' books, particularly those authored by Latin American artists, have become an important resource at academic libraries in the United States. This paper explores both the challenges and opportunities in identifying, collecting, housing, and provide access to artists books. Emphasis is placed on the history of Latin American artists' books, as well as issues of acquisition and management. It also reviews trends in exhibitions.


Torsional vibration of crankshaft is a harmful phenomenon in every type of engine. It can easily cause a fatigue failure in engines with relatively long crankshafts and big bore diameters (usually above 90 mm). For these types of engines, the resonance caused by specific low order harmonic of gas force and inertia force of oscillating masses occurs in engine speed range, thus resonant torsional moment of big amplitude is generated. This moment, additionally acting on crankshaft, is harmful and can easily cause its fatigue failure. In order to reduce the resonance effects, the torsional vibration damper (TVD) has to be used. That is the reason why application of torsional vibration dampers is almost a rule in these types of engines. The viscose TVD is the most popular type of vibration damper in heavy duty diesel engine. Moment of inertia of its plunger is the main criterion of damper selection. It is the basic factor, which determines the amount of dissipation work, decreasing the additional torsional moment caused by resonance. Increasing plunger's moment of inertia induce the rise of dissipation work but simultaneously decrease natural frequencies of a crank train, what allows to resonate with low order harmonic of tangential force acting on crankpin. The paper concerns an analysis of influence of viscose TVD parameters on crankshaft's torsional vibration for six cylinder inline heavy duty diesel engine.


ABSTRACT Diverse perspectives are required to address the technological problems facing our world. Although women perform as well as their male counterparts in math and science prior to entering college, the numbers of women students entering and completing engineering programmes are far below their representation in the workforce. This paper reports on a qualitative, multiyear study of the experiences of women students in an Engineering Technology programme. The project addressed some of the unique, fundamental challenges that female students face within their programmes, and the authors describe a programmatic framework based on Self-Determination Theory as an intervention for the recruitment and retention of female engineering students. Data from focus groups and interviews show how students were supported in their undergraduate experiences and how inclusive learning environments are needed to further improve outcomes. Conceptual issues and methodological considerations of our outcomes are presented.


In People in Interest of S.A.H. (SD 1995), the South Dakota Supreme Court held that "open adoptions" (that is, post-adoption visitation rights retained by by the natural parents) could only be mandated when the court finds that it is in the best interests of the child by clear and convincing evidence. The court also instructed trial courts to weigh the needs of the child, the effect on integration with the new family, and the potential effect on the pool of other prospective adoptive parents. This decision, while initially (and briefly) securing judicial enforcement of consensual open adoptions, presents an inordinately difficult standard for mandating open adoptions.


This is a retrospective study of fifty nine hips in fourty nine patients with a previous total hip replacement for developmental dysplasia of the hip who underwent a revision arthroplasty of the hip. Fifty three patients were available for follow up. Radiographs and charts were reviewed and functional outcome scores were obtained in order to determine if a correlation existed between cup position and functional outcome and survivorship. Cup height was found to be a statistically significant predictor for functional outcome and cup survivorship. To determine if cup height, lateralization or angle are correlated with functional outcome or survivorship in revision total hip replacement (THR) in patients with a previous THR for developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH). There is a paucity of literature correlating functional outcome with cup position in revision THR. Cup height was found to have a statistically significant (p A retrospective investigation of forty-nine sequential patients (fifty-nine hips) previously diagnosed with DDH who underwent revision THR at our center between 1984 and 2000 was performed. Forty-three patients (fifty-three hips) were available for survivorship analysis and thirty-five patients (forty-five hips) were available for functional analysis. The mean follow up was one hundred and eighteen months (range 36–230). Three independent variables identified apriori as possible correlates were cup height, lateralization and angle as measured on the AP radiographs. Functional outcome measurement consisted of the Harris Hip, SF36 and WOMAC questionnaires. Linear regression analysis and Kaplan-Meier curves were used to determine if any of the variables correlated with functional outcome or survivorship. Restoration of hip center height to as close to the radiographic tear drop as possible improves functional outcome. Placement of the cup to within 3.5 cm of the tear drop improves cup survivorship.


Methyl tert-butyl ether (MTBE) is a gasoline oxygenate that has become a significant threat to groundwater supplies across the United States. Due to its physiochemical properties it has proven difficult and costly to remove from contaminated sites. This study was conducted to determine whether the alternative oxygenates (AO)—diisopropyl ether (DIPE), ethyltert-butyl ether (ETBE), tert-amyl methyl ether (TAME), tert-butyl alcohol (TBA), and ethanol (EtOH)—present a more efficient and less costly option from a remediation standpoint. Air stripping, carbon adsorption, and ultraviolet/ H2 O2 and O3 ∕ H2 O2 advanced oxidation processes were examined at pilot scale to develop design parameters from which technical and economic comparisons were made for each alternative oxygenate versus MTBE. The experimental results showed that the ether AOs—DIPE, TAME, and ETBE—were each more efficiently and more economically treated than MTBE. The alternative alcohol oxygenates—TBA and EtOH—were less efficiently and less econ...


Microencapsulated phase change materials,a new kind of composite phase change materials,were prepared by microencapsulation technology.The microencapsulated phase change material and its application in thermal infrared stealth were reviewed in this paper and the prospect was predicted.


Abstract. This talk presents a demonstration of tyger, a tool that has been constructed to allow a large class of CSP-like languages to be simulated in CSP. In particular, FDR will be used to demonstrate model checking of a simple CCS version of the classic Dining Philosophers problem. The theory behind this demonstration will be presented in [1].


In this ecumenically groundbreaking volume of the Paternoster Theological Monographs series, Edmund J. Rybarczyk, Associate Professor of Systematic Theology at Vanguard University, offers an in-depth comparative analysis of the Orthodox doctrine of theosis and the Pentecostal doctrine of sanctification (the latter presented through the theological lenses of the Assemblies of God in the United States). The prioritisation by the two traditions of the believer's Christoformation, as being the essence and telos of the Christian experience, is studied in view of the thesis that the existential-mystical ethos they share allows one to consider 'Pentecostalism as a via media between Orthodoxy and the more rational branches of Protestantism' (p. 8). Reflecting upon the striking similarities between the two traditions' theology, world view and commitment to direct and mediated mystical experience of transcendence, Rybarczyk states his conviction that 'Orthodoxy and Pentecostalism have a great deal to learn from one another' (p. 20). The text is constructed as a helpful tool towards the potential realisation of this ecumenical hope. The comparative study of the two traditions' theology of transformation utilises four structural categories outlining the framework for the development of the argument. These categories are history (in relation to both significant issues and theologians), anthropology, theological foundations and means for attaining Christ-likeness. In light of this methodological strategy, the main body of the text offers a sequential overview of Eastern Orthodoxy's and Pentecostalism's theological particularities in relation to each one of the above-mentioned categories. The study concludes with a comprehensive summary of its main observations leaving the reader with a sense of ecumenical conviction for the need of a constructive theological engagement between these two traditions that share so much dogmatically, in spite of their historical and meta-contextual distance. The author chooses to utilise the thought of St Athanasius and St Gregory Palamas as an introductory point to his study of the Orthodox doctrine of theosis. Thus, the themes of Patristic Christology (especially in relation to the Incarnation), scriptural interpretation (including the significance of Platonic influences) and hesychastic spirituality of mystic existentialism become the backbone of the rest of the text's reflection on the Orthodox theology of Christoformation. In his outline of Orthodox anthropology, Rybarczyk highlights some additional theological distinctives of Eastern Patristics, namely, the International Journal for the Study of the Christian Church Vol. 11, No. 4, November 2011, 331–341


Mexico City soil has very high specific surface, plasticity and void ratio; its natural structure is preserved until the yield pressure y, which is typically above the in situ effective stress v , and the mechanical response changes significantly when the effective confining stress o exceeds the yield pressure y . In this study, the effects of strain rate on the undrained response of Mexico City soil are explored using undisturbed specimens subjected to monotonic triaxial compression tests at a constant rate of deformation. Results show that strain-rate effects on undrained strength and mode of failure depend on y / o , hence, on the degree of natural structure preserved in the specimen. Undrained strength increase with strain rate, particularly in the more structured specimens i.e., higher y /o. The role of y /o on strain-rate effects in this unremolded natural soil resembles the effect of overconsolidation ratio on resedimented specimens. The limitations in using standard triaxial equipment for strain-rate effect studies are discussed.


The invention provides a rabeprazole sodium combined medicament and a preparation process thereof. The rabeprazole sodium combined medicament is characterized by comprising the following raw materials as components in proportion by weight: 5-10 of ilaprazole sodium, 20-30 of composition of reduced glutathione and hepatocyte growth-promoting factors in proportion by weight of 1:10, and 50-60 of diammonium glycyrrhizinate. According to a pharmaceutically allowable dose of rabeprazole sodium, pharmaceutical preparations in dosage forms of injection, lyophilized powder injection, enteric coated tablets, enteric coated capsules, spray and the like of the rabeprazole sodium combined medicament are respectively prepared for treating gastric ulcer.


This paper investigates the major determinants of bank performance in the European sector, taking into consideration the most important financial groups from this region. To account for performance, we have applied two fixed-effects regression models to a panel of European banks that covers the period 2004-2012, where profitability was assessed through two variables, namely return on average equity and net interest margin. The estimation results show that all bank-specific determinants affect bank profitability significantly, but not always in the anticipated way. Finally, the business cycle has a positive, albeit asymmetric impact on bank profitability, suggesting that profitability is pro-cyclical.


OBJECTIVE
To determine whether the development of acute lung injury (ALI) and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) associated with systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) can be predicted by the plasma neutrophil elastase level.

PATIENTS AND METHODS
Patients were sequentially enrolled after obtaining informed consent. Twenty-three adult patients with SIRS were classified into the following groups; SIRS alone (5 patients), Group A of ALI/ARDS with SIRS (9 patients) that did not require mechanical ventilation, and Group B of ALI/ARDS with SIRS (9 patients) that required mechanical ventilation. Blood samples were obtained after the diagnosis of SIRS, and the sequential sampling was performed.

RESULTS
The plasma neutrophil elastase level was significantly elevated in all patient groups as compared with healthy controls (43.7+/-5.4 ng/ml). The elastase levels in SIRS alone, Group A of ALI/ARDS, and Group B of ALI/ARDS were 126.9+/-11.0 ng/ml, 316.2+/-68.9 ng/ml, and 458.4+/-132.8 ng/ml, respectively. The elastase level in ALI/ARDS with SIRS was significantly greater than that in SIRS alone. The maximal level in 13 of 18 patients with ALI/ARDS with SIRS was more than 220 ng/ml. The level in all patients with SIRS alone was consistently less than 220 ng/ml over the study period. The serum levels of inflammatory cytokines were elevated in these patients, but no statistical significance was detected among the groups.

CONCLUSION
The critical level of plasma neutrophil elastase is 220 ng/ml, and the SIRS patients with more than 220 ng/ml neutrophil elastase are highly likely to develop ALI/ARDS.


In this paper, the SAR measurement values are compared with a conventional mobile handset and with EBG structures. In order to protect a human head from the exposure of electromagnetic field and to comply with the exposure guideline, the designed EBG components are inserted in a commercial US-PCS handset. The total width and length of the EBG structures are 31 mm and 8 mm, respectively. The measured results in this paper demonstrated the movement of a hot spot, the reduction of total radiated power toward the head direction and the reduction of the SAR in the human head.


A subscriber identity module for use in mobile communications networks, said subscriber identity module storing a list of preferred mobile communications networks, other than the home mobile network, to be selected for providing services, and said subscriber identity module being adapted to modify said list of preferred networks in response to location information.


In this paper we propose a comparative assessment of fast breeder reactor core concepts employing Pb, Pb- Mg and Pb-{sup 7}Li as primary coolants and oxide and nitride fuels. Starting from a common reference core to make the comparison relevant, each coolant candidate is associated to an optimized design that takes into account its specific physical properties. For each core, we perform a neutronic analysis and an assessment of its safety potential. In comparison with the case of Pb, the use of Pb-Mg and Pb-{sup 7}Li increases the void reactivity effect. On the other hand, the breeding gain also increases, and the Doppler effect is enhanced, leading to a favorable behaviour concerning safety. (author)


To a family of smooth projective cubic surfaces one can canonically associate a family of abelian fivefolds. In characteristic zero, we calculate the Hodge groups of the abelian varieties which arise in this way. In arbitrary characteristic we calculate the monodromy group of the universal family of abelian varieties, and thus show that the Galois group of the 27 lines on a general cubic surface in positive characteristic is as large as possible.


Hosting an emerging play of the Springer/Goddard shale, the South Central Oklahoma Oil Province (SCOOP), is also the main production field for the underlying Woodford Formation. Understanding the reservoir quality of the Chesterian-age Goddard shale, currently little has been achieved, is vital to sustainable hydrocarbon production and exploration. Using polar (DI water and/or API brine) and nonpolar (n-decane) fluids to probe hydrophilic and hydrophobic pore networks, the purpose of this study is to examine wettability, pore connectivity, fluid imbibition, and tracer migration of the Springer shale. To achieve this, we collected core samples from two wells located at the heart of the play and performed mercury injection capillary pressure, wettability, fluid imbibition, and vapor absorption tests. Results from these studies show that the Springer shale has a stronger affinity to oil (n-decane in this study), compared to DI water and API brine. With porosity values averaging at 6.32 ± 0.75% and permeability of 20.0 ± 6.52 nD, the majority of pore-throat sizes for the Springer shale are 5–50 nm. The utility of wettability tracers of different molecular sizes helps tease out the intertwined relationship of pore-throat sizes, connectivity, and associated wettability of shale. The imbibition results suggest a molecular entanglement effect at the scale of 0.5 nm, even for the tracer penetration of a wetting fluid of n-decane. A petrophysical analysis of the Springer shale presented in this work is beneficial to further understand the pore structure and fluid movement within the shale to facilitate increased production and accurate economic evaluations.


A number of small size pixels for CMOS image sensors using just one row line to control reset and select transistors has been designed, fabricated and characterized. The elimination of an additional control line and the associated contacts provides more pixel area that can be allocated to the photodiode. On one hand, this gives a substantially higher pixel fill factor, consequently higher quantum efficiency and optical sensitivity. On the other hand, it allows significant reduction of a pixel size. The smallest achievable pixel pitch is determined as CMOS process feature multiplied by a factor of 10. High performance of CMOS image sensors with 5.6 and 3.9 micron pixel pitches fabricated by different foundries with 0.5; 0.35 and 0.25 micron process features is reported.


Though heart rate (HR) is one of the basic parameters in medical diagnostics, precise and reliable assessment of its variability is still an engineering and physiological challenge. Measurement of HR and its changes over time, as in a stress test, is a routine diagnostic procedure to evaluate the cardiovascular condition of a patient. Prenatal monitoring, with its unique problems regarding noninvasive acquisition of reliable fetal data, heavily relies on diagnostic HR analysis.


: The global healthcare system is facing many challenges during the pandemic outbreak of COVID-19. From the Wuhan city of China a case of pneumonia has been reported in December, 2019, with a new type of pathogen. World Health Organization had given a name of this as Novel Corona virus (C0VID-19), antiviral vaccine is still in progress of research. India has a treasury of some indigenous medicines like Ayurvedic, Unani and Siddha. Ayurveda is a classical medicinal system initiated in India from 2000 years ago. Ayurveda comes from the Sanskrit word "Ayur" that means life and "Veda" that means knowledge. So, ayurvedic can stimulate the immune-modulators within human body and enhance the immunity system. Ayurveda and yoga may support the patients of COVID-19 with improvement of quality of standard care.


At present,the hydrostatic bearing system,usually considered as the linear system,is mostly researched on the dynamic performance.But the error via linearization transform hasn't yet analyzed.Take the open-type hydrostatic worktable based on the multi-head pump for instance,the nonlinear differential equations systems on the pressure and the flow are derived.On the one hand,the hydrostatic bearing system is linearized,and the transfer function via Laplace transform is obtained.The stability is discriminated with Routh criteria,and then the step response curves and the pulse response curves are plotted.On the other hand,the system block diagram of the worktable bearing system is built with fourth-order Runge-Kutta method using Simulink tool box,and the step response curves are plotted.Comparing the response curves obtained separately from two different methods,the difference between the curves is very small,and the precision can meet the demand of the practical engineering,then the linear treatment is valid for the open-type hydrostatic worktable based on the multi-head pump.So the dynamic performance on the worktable is analyzed,and the amplitude-frequency curves,the phase-frequency curves,and the dynamic stiffness-frequency curves are present.The proposed research contrasts the response results of the hydrostatic worktable with two different methods,and provides a basis for the practical engineering.


Based on a three-year study, this book reports on a variety of schemes where children with special needs are being educated in ordinary schools. It looks closely at the range of integration programmes, assessing the implications for the school themselves, and giving guidance on the practical constraints and problems which arise. This book should be of interest to /OREAD.


Several 2-pyridylmethylene-1-indanones (I) were prepared and reduced to 2-pyridyl-methyl-1-indanones (II). The reductive cyclization of 5, 6-dimethoxy- and 6-hydroxy-5-methoxy-2-pyridylmethylene-1-indanone gave the corresponding 5a, 6, 6a, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11a-octahydroindeno[2, 1-b]indolizines (X).


Numerous experimental studies use a panel approach to analyze repeated experiments involving a large number of periods. They use "static" panel techniques and do not incorporate any temporal dependency (lags) of the dependent variable. This paper introduces dynamic panel data techniques to experimental economists. This is a standard tool in many other fields of economics and might also be useful in our discipline. It uses the lags of the dependent variable as explanatory variables. Although the coefficients on lagged dependent variables might be far from our interest, the introduction of these lags becomes crucial to control for the dynamics of the process. To show the advantages of this technique, we have compared two datasets using static and dynamic panel data. We conclude that the use of dynamic panel data models in the context of experiments allows to unravel new relationships between experimental variables and highlighting new paths in behaviors


The essay covers focal topics, genres, and structure of the first issue of the Russian newspaper "Logos Review of Books". The periodical is conceived as a review supplement to "Logos", the leading post-Soviet academic journal on philosophy, culture studies and human research methodology. In terms of format it is an analytical monthly periodical covering not only Russian and translated books (fiction, nonfiction on humanities), but also products of new media, cultural events, and ongoing debates on problems of education, technologies, etc. The genre structure is represented mainly by critique and reviews, while burning issues are discussed in few essays, interviews, and comments. In comparison with academic style of "Logos" (however, in recent years it has been somewhat diluted with "essayism" and provocation), this format is closer to the popular scholarly criticism, and the publication obviously claims to be an intellectual trendsetter, while orienting itself on the foreign samples of book reviews ("London Review of Books", etc.).


Lenin's later thought of political civilization is a major part of his theoretical system. Built on a solid Marxist theoretical foundation and reflecting the characteristics of the time and the country,it produces a primary socialist system of political civilization construction on legal system,supervision,the governing party,the relationship between the governing party and the government,and system reform. The socialist political civilization construction is a complex systematic project,and hopefully Lenin's later thought on the political civilization will shed some new light on it


This paper presents a classification of the factors that influences the performance of path finding techniques. This includes the dynamics of the game, the geometry of the players and the environment, the (un) predictability of movement, kinematic and temporal restrictions, interaction rules, and real-time performance. The purpose of this classification is the help developers identify the complexity of the task before choosing a certain approach.


Octopus ocellatus is a small benthic species of octopus that is easy to rear and spawns large eggs during a short life cycle. These and other features of O. ocellatus may make it an advantageous subject for a broad range of behavioral studies, including those involving various types of learning. However, no type of learning has been studied in O. ocellatus. In a successive visual discrimination task, in which a 'positive' or 'negative' stimulus (white or black rectangle) was presented to a subject octopus and appropriate rewards or punishments were given to the subject, the rate of 'correct' responses (i.e., touches to the positive stimulus or refraining from the negative stimulus) gradually increased. Moreover, 'observer' octopuses that observed another octopus performing a visual discrimination task in which reward was also given to the 'incorrect' responses (touches to the negative stimulus) showed a higher ratio of incorrect responses in their test sessions. These results, coupled with the physical characteristics of O. ocellatus, indicate that this species is potentially suitable for neurogenetic and neuroembryological studies of learning.


Objective To investigate the killing activity of tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TIL) stimulated by dendritic cells (DC) on gastric carcinoma cells in vitro. Since DC is the strongest antigen presenting cell (APC) which has been known, it can present antigens to T lymphocytes, including TIL, and can induce cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) responded in vivo and vitro. Methods DC were isolated from the peripheral blood of patients with gastric carcinoma and stimulated by granulocyte/macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM CSF), interleukin 4 (IL 4) and tumor antigen. Then TIL were stimulated by DC and their killing activity on autogenous gastric carcinoma cells and SGC 7901 cells in vitro were observed. Results TIL stimulated by DC had very high killing activity on autogenous gastric carcinoma cells and the killing rate was (89.39±3.05)%, which was much higher than those of TIL not stimulated by DC and T lymphocytes stimulated by DC as well as T lymphocytes not stimulated by DC on autogenous gastric carcinoma cells. The killing rates of the last three ones were (54.37±1.50)%, (53.92±1.46)% and (3.55± 0.25) % respectively. However, their killing activity on SGC 7901 cells was lower. Conclusions The results indicate that DC from patients with gastric carcinoma can induce efficient and specific anti gastric carcinoma immune responses.


Amphiphilic precision glycomacromolecules (APG) are synthesized using solid-phase synthesis and studied for their self-assembly behavior and as inhibitors of bacterial adhesion.


Graft copolymers of chlororubber-20-g-(ethylacrylate-co-acrylonitrile (2:1)) and chlororubber-20-g-(styrene-co-vinyl acetate-co-acrylonitrile [1:1:1]) have been synthesized by solution precipitation polymerization technique. The graft copolymers have been characterized by elemental analysis, IR spectroscopy, and viscometry. The graft copolymers have been melt blended with PVC. The mechanical properties, such as flexural, tensile strength, and impact strength, of the blends have been studied to evaluate the relative performance of various graft copolymer blends of PVC as impact modified systems. Mechanical properties of the blends have been discussed in terms of morphology of impact fractured samples.


IVOR Beatty, the man who made Pacific Conservation Biology possible, died on 29th June 2012 after a long illness. Ivor had many roles in the play that was his life. Only one was as a publisher and conservationist, but it is for that role that naturalists across Australia will remember him.


We address the issue of clustering of video images. We assume that video clips have been segmented into shots which are further represented by a set of keyframes. Video clustering is thus reduced to a clustering of still keyframe images. Experiments with 8 human subjects reveal that humans tend to use semantic meanings while grouping a set of images. A complete-link dendrogram constructed from the similarities provided by the subjects revealed two significant categories of images; that of city scenes and landscapes. A hierarchical clustering based on moments of 17 DCT coefficients of the JPEG compressed keyframe images reveals that ad hoc low-level features are not capable of identifying semantically meaningful categories in an image database. It is well known that a clustering scheme will always find clusters in a data set! In order to define categories that will aid in indexing and browsing of video data, features specific to a given semantic class should be used. As an example, we present initial results using multiple 2-class classifications. Our experiments have been conducted on two databases of 98 and 171 images, respectively. Classifiers for city/non-city shots, presence/absence of text in images, and presence of specific image textures (grass and sky) are being developed.


ABSTRACT Impaired self-awareness is a common consequence following a brain injury that affects engagement in rehabilitation and results in poor long term functional outcomes. Literature regarding self-awareness following a brain injury in childhood is lacking. The aim of this research study was to understand the self-awareness of deficits from a developmental perspective. Methods: A multiple case study design with fully integrated mixed methodology (QUAN+QUAL). Fifteen children/young people (CYP) with traumatic brain injury (TBI) (5–17 years; 10 male) were recruited and data were collected from CYP, their parents and teachers. Self-report measures included Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire and Harter Scales. Interview measures included Self-Understanding Interview and Knowledge Interview for Children. A novel method of analysis compared CYP report to parent/teacher report and to normative children's data. Three exemplars showcase this methodology. Results: Within-case and cross-case analysis identified interrupted development of self-awareness following TBI. CYP ratings differed most from parent/teacher ratings in the social and behavioural domains. In relation to the school/learning and physical domains, CYP ratings differed most from normative children's data. The younger children had greater degree of ratings discrepancy across all domains. Seven key themes were aspirations, beliefs, being different, brain injuries, characteristics, participation, and interpersonal interactions and relationships. Conclusion: This study is among the first to describe the complexity of self-awareness across a range of functional domains following a brain injury in childhood. New theoretical and clinical perspectives are presented from understanding the importance of typical development and the child's age at injury.


Pulmonary valve preservation in tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) repair is one of the most challenging issues. Herein, we describe a novel valve‐sparing technique for TOF repair that primarily consists of skeletonization of the anterior part of the pulmonary annulus and gentle dilatation by preserving the pulmonary valve and annulus integrity. With encouraging early results, this technique is suggested to prevent severe pulmonary regurgitation and provide acceptable relief of pulmonary stenosis in patients with TOF.


Abstract The efficient market, where investors behave rationally, has been one of the primary concepts defining financial markets, such as stock and bond markets. However, scholars in behavioral finance claim that investors do not always behave rationally in the financial market. Accordingly, to further understand finance phenomenon in association with behavioral finance, this study examined whether or not investor irrationality exists toward U.S hotel stocks. The results of this study found that investors tended to overreact to the seasonality of the U.S hotel industry. Moreover, several calendar effects, which refer to monthly abnormal stock returns, were found to result from investors' overreactions. The results can provide important messages regarding equity financing for hotel firms and potential strategies for investors. More detailed findings are provided in the results section.


Israel less, but they parted ways on policy when he felt that doing so would benefit US Middle East interests. Thus, Thatcher supported Reagan's sale of advanced military aircraft to Saudi Arabia, despite fierce opposition from Begin. However, as Bermant observes, when Thatcher attempted to restart a process for settling Israeli-Palestinian issues with King Hussein, the Reagan administration cancelled it, leaving Thatcher furious with Reagan and his top foreign policy advisors. Thatcher made her own efforts to shape British Middle East policy, visiting Israel and meeting Palestinians, as well as Israelis. She also visited King Hussein in Jordan, and her Saudi Arabian trip supported her decision to sell the Saudis Britishmade weapons. These efforts faltered, however, when the Reagan administration spurned the London Agreement to start peace negotiations between Israel and the Palestinians. Bermant does not judge Thatcher's overall contributions to Middle East policy, but the most charitable conclusion is that she did not succeed in her objectives. She joins a pantheon of leaders who also reached IsraeliPalestinian dead ends. Like other American and British leaders, she was the victim of events beyond her control. For example, she could not overcome terrorist attacks (such as the1988 Achille Lauro cruise ship attack and the Sabra-Shatilla refugee camp attacks) that sprung up just as she seemed to be achieving progress in the region. She also struggled with uneven relations with her partners, including King Hussein and President Reagan, clashed with conservative Israeli prime ministers, and was not always on the same page with the FCO, where hostility toward Israel was a stumbling block for the Prime Minister. Azriel Bermant has produced an insightful work that both adds new material and fills in existing understandings of Prime Minister Thatcher's efforts in the Middle East. It can be read productively with Nicholas Wapshott's Ronald Reagan and Margaret Thatcher (Sentinel 2007) and Byrd's British Foreign Policy under Thatcher (St. Martin's 1988). Although there are many Thatcher biographies, none of them really focus on Thatcher's Middle East policy, as Bermant's does. One might wish that the book nested the Thatcher period within a broader range of British Middle East policy, but the book does a fine job with its subject. It will be of interest to graduate students and scholars of both British and Middle East history.


Affixation is the process of merging affix on basic shapes to form words and new meanings. Affixation in Minangkabau language isolects Tapus have a unique. The uniqueness can be seen from the ge as a suffix and klofiks, pronouns demontratif, and ekslamatif. The problem in the study is how the form, function, and meaning ge in Minangkabau language isolects Tapus. This study aimed to describe the shape, function, and meaning ge in Minangkabau language isolects Tapus. To analyze shape, function, and meaning ge, the writer uses the theory Chaer. Methods used for collecting the data is a method refer and the techniques involved capably, recording techniques, technical notes, and fishing techniques. Meanwhile, analyzing data is the method agih with a technique vanished. Ge as affixes in Minangkabau language Tapus dialect found in the form of suffixes and klofiks. Ge form as a suffix found are 1) ge meaning "-kan 'and 2) ge meaning "-i'. Ge forms appear in several variants, namely 1) at ge 'in-right'; 2) bo-ge 'air-kan'. 3) to-ge 'terright'; 4) The depot-ge 'magnified right'; 5) mompo-ge 'take into-kan'; 6) po-ge 'per-kan'; 7) moN-ge 'Men's'. Klofiks moN-ge has several variants, namely a) mo-ge 'me's'; b) mom-ge 'mem-kan'; c) mong-ge 'right clicking'; d) mon-ge 'men's'; e) mony-ge 'meny-kan'. Ge form in Minangkabau language isolects Tapus also found as demonstrative pronouns and ekslamatif. Keywords: shape, function, meaning, idiolect Tapus.


The solvent-free reaction of terbium metal with an imidazole melt (C3H4N2, ImH) yields single-crystalline [Tb(Im)3]@NH3 (Im- = C3H3N2-, imidazolate anion) and hydrogen. Both N atoms of the imidazolate rings coordinate η1 to terbium cations, thereby forming a homoleptic three-dimensional network. The Tb3+ ions exhibit complete nitrogen coordination, resulting in trigonal prisms as coordination polyhedra and C.N. = 6. The network contains cavities large enough to take up NH3 molecules, the latter formed by the partial decomposition reaction of the amine ligand in the melt reaction. Ammonia can be removed thermally or over time without decomposition of the network. Unsubstituted imidazole can thus be utilized for crystal engineering and the formation of rare earth amide network structures. The compound exhibits an amazingly strong green emission. The emission spectrum shows the typical Tb3+ f−f transitions; additionally, an efficient ligand → Tb3+ energy transfer is observed.


The electrochemical sensing performance of metal-graphene hybrid based sensor may be significantly decreased due to the dissolution and aggregation of metal catalyst during operation. For the first time, we developed a novel large-area high quality three dimensional graphene foam-incorporated gold nanoparticles (3D-GF@Au) via chemical vapor deposition method and employed as free-standing electrocatalysis for non-enzymatic electrochemical glucose detection. 3D-GF@Au based sensor is capable to detect glucose with a wide linear detection range of 2.5 μM to 11.6 mM, remarkable low detection limit of 1 μM, high selectivity, and good stability. This was resulted from enhanced electrochemical active sites and charge transfer possibility due to the stable and uniform distribution of Au NPs along with the enhanced interactions between Au and GF. The obtained results indicated that 3D-GF@Au hybrid can be expected as a high quality candidate for non-enzymatic glucose sensor application.


Figure 1 shows one benchmark for the price of crude oil in the U.S.–the nearby price of NYMEX crude oil futures prices on a weekly (Thursday) basis since early 2007. The second line charted in Figure 1 is the nearby price of NYMEX natural gas futures prices, also on a weekly (Thursday) basis. Previous to early 2009 crude oil and natural gas prices tended to move in tandem, but then prices for the two markets clearly decoupled. Since 2009 crude oil prices have continued to recover from recession lows while natural gas prices have essentially remained flat in a narrow range between about $3.50 and $5.00 per million BTU.


The land use characteristics of rural watersheds allow infiltration and consequent generation of groundwater flow, which constitutes a significant contribution to the hydrograph. Prior to this study, the MODCEL-COPPE/UFRJ model simulated only runoff, disregarding the losses occurred in rainfall-runoff process. Therefore, its application was more appropriate to urban watersheds, simulating flood events where surface flows prevail. This study aimed at representing the infiltration process and at incorporating the groundwater flow in the MODCEL's structure, making feasible the rural watersheds simulation thus expanding its applicability as a hydrological model. A case study was performed in a 417 km2 subcatchment of Piabanha River, located at Petrópolis/RJ. It's a predominantly rural watershed, with 80% of its area covered by forests. The model represented satisfactorily the seasonality and the magnitude of simulated recharges. In the parameter calibration procedure gave a coefficient of determination R2 = 0.75, comparing the calculated flows to the observed flows. During validation period, we obtained a coefficient of determination R2 = 0.76. The fit obtained was superior to that obtained in previous modeling of the same watershed by SMAP and MODCEL (previous version) and it was similar to TOPMODEL. In the hydrograph recession, new MODCEL presented R2 = 0.75, against 0.52 obtained in its previous version.


A set of self-similar solutions for blast waves associated with the deposition of variable energy at the front is presented. As a consequence of self-similarity, the results are applicable when the ambient atmosphere into which the wave front propagates is at a negligibly low pressure and temperature. Besides the class of (1) blast waves associated with energy gain that covers a regime bounded on one side by the well-known solution for adiabatic strong explosion waves (ASE) and, on the other side, by the solution for waves having the Chapman–Jouguet condition established immediately behind the front, included within the scope of our analysis are two others: (2) blast waves associated with energy loss that occupy a regime between the ASE solution and the case of infinite density ratio across the front, and (3) a non-unique class of solutions for blast waves associated with energy deposition that may have either locally sonic or supersonic flow immediately behind the front, extending over the regime between the waves headed by the Chapman-Jouguet detonation and the case of infinite rate of energy deposition. Specific results for a number of representative cases are expressed in terms of integral curves on the phase plane of reduced blast wave co-ordinates, as well as in the form of particle velocity, temperature, density, and pressure profiles across the flow field.


With the agility of supply chain, competitive advantage can be maintained by business people by responding to environmental changes quickly and facing uncertainty. This research investigates the impact of supplier innovation on supply chain agility with information sharing and strategic resource as a mediator. At the same time testing the effect of information sharing and strategic sourcing on supply chain agility. The research sample used 65 coffee shops which were obtained from the response of the owner or manager of the coffee shop in Malang Area, known as the city of a million coffee shops. The rapid development of coffee shops in Malang Area demanding coffee businesses to respond quickly to changing consumer trends by maintaining the supply of coffee beans from the highest quality suppliers. This study was analyzed using structural equation modelling methods. The results revealed that supplier innovation significantly influences information sharing, strategic resources and supply chain agility. In addition, information sharing and strategic resources have a strong influence on supply chain agility. Thus, managers and or coffee shop owners need to establish good and sustainable relationships, especially to deal with changes in the business environment.


Measurement of scattered radiation to the fetus during radiation therapy for Hodgkin's disease of the mediastinum was 0.0026 rads per rad given to the tumor, or 7.9 rads for 14 treatments or 3,500 rads. Measurements of scattered radiation made on a phantom for three different modalities indicate the scattered dose to a fetus would be 3.5 to 14 rads in early pregnancy, 31 to 49 rads in midpregnancy, and 129 to 248 rads in late pregnancy, for 14 treatments or 3,500 rads.


An experiment was carried out to assess the effect of four nitrogen levels viz. T1 (full doze of urea i.e. 215 kg urea ha -1 at 15 DAT), T2 (full doze of urea at two equal splits, ½ at 15 DAT + ½ at 30 DAT), T3 (full doze of urea at two equal splits, ½ at 15 DAT + ½ at 55 DAT) and T4 (full doze of urea at three equal splits, 1 /3 at 15 DAT + 1 /3 at 30 DAT + 1 /3 at 55 DAT) on morpho-physiological attributes of Boro rice genotypes viz. V1 (BINAdhan 5), V2 (Tainan 3) and V3 (BINAdhan 6). Plant height, number of tillers hill -1 , number of leaves hill -1 , leaf area hill -1 (cm 2 ), DM (dry matter) of root, stem and leaves hill -1 , TDM (total dry matter) hill -1 and chlorophyll content in leaves (at 74 DAT), were increased with the split application of N. Among the treatments, T4 showed the best performance and grain yield (45.25 g hill -1 ) compared to control (30.61 g hill -1 ). Among the genotypes, BINAdhan 5 and BINAdhan 6 showed similar performance in respect of most of the parameters but BINA dhan 6 produced the highest grain yield (40.26 g hill -1 ) compared to BINA dhan 5 (35.54 g hill -1 ) and Tainan 3 (33.90 g hill -1 ). Full dose of urea (215 kg urea ha -1 ) applied at three equal split at 15, 30 and 55 DAT was found to be the most beneficial one for the all the rice genotypes. Leaf chlorophyll content had a strong contribution to grain yield of rice.


Since liturgical reform, through a controlled process of historical restoration, has failed to revitalize the communal life of the church, a new creative liturgical movement, christologically founded, is imperative in order to bridge the gap between worship and people's experience of faith in our present culture.


Thyroid storm in the trauma patient is a life-threatening, but rare, occurrence.1 It is an endocrine emergency that presents as an exacerbation of a thyrotoxic state with evidence of organ decompensation. Signs and symptoms include fever, central nervous system dysfunction, gastrointestinal dysfunction, and/or cardiovascular dysfunction. Common precipitating events include infections, surgery, medications, pregnancy, or iodine contrast agents. Trauma is rarely an inciting factor in thyroid storm and there are few cases described in the literature.2 Thyroid storm presents a challenge to diagnose in the trauma patient due to the similarity of many of the presenting symptoms. Early recognition and aggressive treatment is critical to avoid mortality. Here, we report two patients presenting following blunt trauma who developed thyroid storm and discuss management strategies. Patient no. 1 was a 54-year-old male involved in a motorcycle crash, traveling at approximately 45 miles per hour. On arrival he was awake, perseverating, and intermittently combative with a Glasgow Coma Scale score of 13. He underwent rapid sequence intubation for airway control. His right upper extremity was reduced and placed in a traction splint and his left leg was placed in traction. His workup revealed isolated orthopedic injuries: a comminuted right humerus fracture and a comminuted left proximal femur facture. His wife reported that he had no other significant past medical history except a longstanding history of untreated goiter. He was taken to the operating room the day of admission for open reduction with cephalomedullary nailing of the left femur and splinting of the right humerus. After surgery, he became tachycardic and hypertensive, requiring initiation of IV beta-blocker therapy. He then became profoundly hypotensive, requiring high dose vasopressors. Invasive monitoring determined that he had adequate intravascular volume at the time and echocardiogram revealed normal left ventricular (LV) function. Thyroid storm was suspected given his untreated goiter, and laboratory workup revealed a free T4 of greater than 6 ng/dL (ref range 0.61–1.12) and a thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) of 0.07 UIU/mL (ref range 0.38–6.15). Hydrocortisone and methimazole were started, followed by iodine. He then developed a worsening lactic acidosis (lactate of 4.3 mmol/L) and repeat abdominal CT showed intraabdominal fluid without solid organ injury. He was taken to the operating room for exploratory laparotomy for suspected hollow organ viscus injury which was negative. He continued to be tachycardic and his temperature was noted to be as high as 105.8°F. He was also found to be neurologically unresponsive despite being weaned off all sedation. Repeat head CT was negative for any intracranial abnormality. His liver functions tests (LFTs) and International Normalized Ratio (INR) began to rise. Plasmapheresis was started on hospital day no. 2 because of his declining state. He continued to deteriorate, became unresponsive to pressors and thyroid hormone blocking measures, developed disseminated intravascular clotting (DIC) and multiple organ failure, and expired on hospital day no. 4. Patient no. 2 was a 57-year-old female involved in a high speed motor vehicle collision and required prolonged extrication. On arrival, she was awake and alert with a Glasgow Coma Scale score of 15. She was found to be in atrial fibrillation, which responded to one dose of IV Metoprolol 5 mg in the trauma bay. She reported a long-standing history of hyperthyroidism but was noncompliant with medication. Her injuries included right radius and tibial plateau fractures, left first metacarpal fracture, and left pulmonary contusion. On laboratory workup, she was found to have a TSH of <0.008 UIU/mL (ref range 0.510–6.270 UIU/mL), free T3 > 20 pg/mL (ref range 2.30–4.20 pg/mL), and free T4 7.83 ng/dL (ref range 0.89–1.76 ng/dL). Shewas started on propranolol, methimazole, and hydrocortisone, Address correspondence and reprint requests to Julie Dunn, M.D., Colorado Committee on Trauma, Medical Director of Trauma Research, UC Health Northern Colorado, 2500 Rocky Mountain Avenue, SMOB Suite 360, Loveland, CO 80538. E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com.