Malware analysis tools have evolved in the last years providing tightly controlled sandbox and virtualised environments where malware is analysed minimising potential harmful consequences. Unfortunately, malware has advanced in parallel, being currently able to recognise when is running in sandbox or virtual environments and then, behaving as a non-harmful application or even not executing at all. This kind of malware is usually called analysis-aware malware. In this paper, we propose a tool to detect the evasion techniques used by analysis-aware malware within sandbox or virtualised environments. Our tool uses Dynamic Binary Instrumentation to maintain the binary functionality while executing arbitrary code. We evaluate the tool under a set of well-known analysis-aware malware showing its current effectiveness. Finally, we discuss limitations of our proposal and future directions.


The Niger Delta is richly endowed with abundant hydrocarbon resources that place Nigeria as the seventh largest producer of oil in the world. Paradoxically, despite its immense contribution to the up-keep of the Nigerian state, the region has suffered monumental neglect and deprivation over the years. This has resulted in widespread poverty, excruciating hardship, complete lack of basic socio-economic infrastructure, plundered environment and high rate of unemployment. The neglect by oil companies and all levels of government, as well as treatment of the genuine demands of the oil-producing communities as mere security issues have been implicated in the emergence of militancy in the Niger Delta. However, some efforts have been made by both the federal and Delta State governments especially since 2009 when the Amnesty programme was introduced by the former and the Human capital development programme of the Uduaghan administration was launched. In spite of these laudable programmes, militancy has not disappeared. Why have efforts to address the grievances of the oil-producing communities failed to stem the tide of militancy? This paper attempts answer to this puzzle, and recommends that if there is going to be any hope for a reversal of the cycle of violence in the Niger Delta, as far as the Maritime Industry is concerned, there is need for a paradigm shift in the manner the Nigerian state engages the people vice-a-vice Human Capital Development of the region.. It relies on data from secondary sources and field work in the rural communities of Burutu local Government in Delta State.


Head pose prediction aims to forecast future head pose given observed sequence, which plays an increasingly important role in human computer interaction, virtual reality, and driver monitoring. However, since there are many moving possibilities, current head pose works, mainly focusing on estimation, fail to provide sufficient temporal information to meet the high demands for accurate predictions. This paper proposes (A) a Spatio-Temporal Encoder (STE), (B) a displacement based offset generating module, and (C) a time step feature aggregation module. The STE extracts spatial information via Transformer and temporal information according to the time order of frames. The displacement based offset generating module utilizes displacement information through a frequency domain process between adjacent frames to generate an offset to refine the prediction result. Furthermore, the time step feature aggregation module integrates time step features based on the information density and hierarchically extracts past motion information as prior knowledge to capture the motion recurrence. Extensive experiments have shown that the proposed network outperforms related methods, achieving a Mean Absolute Error (MAE) of 4.5865° on simple background sequences and 7.1325° on complex background sequences.


This paper presents a compact ultra wideband (UWB) antenna integrated in a low temperature cofired ceramic (LTCC) package. The overall dimension of the LTCC package is 20 × 20 × 1.3 mm, and has 3.32 × 2.76 × 0.9 mm internal space under the antenna ground plane for integration of a single chip UWB transceiver die. The feeding network of the UWB antenna consists of feed via, signal trace of CPW, and bond wires which lead the signal from the output port of the bare chip to the UWB antenna. Moreover, the property of the designed antenna is calculated with 30 × 30 × 0.5 mm printed circuit board for practical applications and measurement. The bandwidth of the designed antenna is 4.96 GHz (3.04 GHz ~ 8 GHz). The radiation patterns at each resonant frequency are shown to be acceptable over a wide frequency range.


To improve the quality of talent cultivation,some series of experiments,designing experiments and strict experiment examining methods were adopted to optimize the experiment teaching of applied chemistry.The results show that the teaching quality and level are enhanced and the students' applied abilities,innovation abilities and comprehensive abilities are also improved.


By means of the long-term data observed from three urban meteorological stations and three meteorological stations in Urumqi-Changji area,the impact of Urumqi and its surrounding city devoloping on the temperature and the evolutive trend of urban heat-island with the age were analyzed.The results showed that the urbanization factor has affected obviously in Urumqi-Changji areas since recent 33 years,the increase rate with decade of temperature in city are far larger than that in the rural area and the increase rates of mean temperature were 0.79 and 0.38℃·(10a)-1,respectively;the extremity of urban temperature tended in weaken,the the increase rate of temperature in recent 33 years was the mean minimum temperature in city to increase obviously,and the increase rates of urban and rural districts were 1.12 and 0.41℃·(10a)-1,respectively;the daily range of temperature in city obviously decrease,but in rural district increase slightly;the decreased trend of cold days in city was far larger than in rural district,the minimum temperature in heating season increased with the age is the most obviously in city,the mean minimum temperature in heating season in urban and rural districts are 1.46 and 0.57℃·(10a)-1,respectively.The increase rate of mean annual heat-island intensity is 0.71℃·(10a)-1,for season but talk to be 0.63,0.57,0.46 and 1.06℃·(10a)-1 in spring,summer,autumn and winter,respectively.The features of heat-island intensity displayed that nighttime is stronger and daytime is weaker;their intensities are 2.9,2.9,0.0 and 3.0℃ at 02:00,08:00,14:00 and 20:00,respectively,thereinto the increase rates of heat-island intensity are 1.17,1.13 and 0.70℃·(10a)-1 at 02:00,08:00 and 20:00 respectively;when the inversion conditions isn′t in winter,the high temperature area coincide with in prosperous area in city,the temperature in city centre is higher by 3~4℃ than the edge of city.


The fruits of peach cv. Shan-e-Punjab were harvested at colour break stage and treated with 1-MCP (500 and 1000 ppb) gaseous vapours for 24 h at 20°C. Thereafter, the fruits were packed in corrugated fibre board boxes of 2 kg capacity and stored at 0–1°C and 90–95% RH. The control fruits were also kept under same conditions without any treatment. The observations for various physiological and biochemical constituents were recorded at weekly intervals till 4 weeks. The data revealed that fruits treated with 1-MCP (1000 ppb) resulted in minimum weight loss, retained acceptable texture and maintained desirable organoleptic quality till four weeks of storage. On the other hand, the control fruits maintained acceptable quality only upto two weeks.


We analyze the local linear projective algorithm based phase space reconstruction in noise reduction techniques of nonlinear time series.How to choose the main parameters used in the method is also studied in this paper.We have found that new nonlinear method leads to much better results than traditional filtering techniques.Because in many experimental situations the noise-free data is unknown,it is difficult to investigate how much noise is removed from data.So we present that correlation dimension estimation from data before and after noise reduction provides a very good tool for filtering quality determination.


After myocardial infarction, the structural and mechanical features of replacement scar tissue, particularly the degree of collagen fiber alignment, are an important determinant of ventricular function. We have found that in healing infarcts, collagen becomes aligned in the direction of greatest stretch, but the mechanism is not yet known. The aim of this work was to test whether cardiac fibroblasts migrate into a wound faster in the direction of tension, which may explain subsequent collagen alignment. Fibroblast‐populated collagen gels were cast in square molds. An incision made in the center of each gel was filled with fibrin to simulate a wound. Tension was applied either transversely or axially with respect to the long axis of the incision. After two days of culture, cell nuclei were fluorescently imaged. The distribution of cells migrating transversely into the incision was fit to the diffusion equation. The ratio of diffusion coefficients showed migration was 3.1±0.64 times faster when cells were migrating parallel, rather than perpendicular, to the direction of tension (p = 0.03). We conclude that tension can bias cardiac fibroblast migration, and that this effect merits further investigation as a potential mechanism for collagen alignment in scar tissue. This work was funded by the American Heart Association Pre‐doctoral Fellowship Program.


The present paper describes a recognition method of pulmonary nodules in thoracic CT scans by use of 3D spherical and cylindrical models that represent nodules (i.e. possible cancers) and blood vessels, respectively. The anatomical validity of these object models and their fidelity to CT scans are evaluated based on the Bayes theorem. The nodule recognition is employed by the maximum a posteriori estimation. The proposed method is applied to actual CT scans, and experimental results are shown.


Geomagnetic field originates from the geodynamo inside Earth's core. It passes through the mantle, crust, biosphere, neutral atmosphere, ionosphere, and then extends into the interplanetary space, and forms a magnetosphere due to interaction with the solar wind. Geomagnetic field can protect the biosphere through two ways: preventing extraterrestrial high energy particles from penetrating inside and confining volatile materials, such as water and atmospheric oxygen, with magnetospheric processes. Geomagnetic field has been thought to play a very important role for retaining the habitability over the Earth's history; however, a reduction of geomagnetic field could impose some catastrophic consequences on the biosphere, even causes mass extinction. Here we review the investigation of the causal relation between geomagnetic reversal and mass extinction over the past 50 years, and comment on the significance of those earlier works focusing on the "one-to-one" relation by standing on a historical ground. We also introduce the advances of the newly proposed "many-to-one" relation. It has been suggested that Earth's interior and space environment should be regarded as one system, and some geological events should be understood through a perspective of Earth system science and comparative planetology.


A vector subdifferential is constructed for various classes of Lipschitz vector functions on Banach spaces. The existence is proved by compactness arguments, not needing explicit construction of sequences. This subdifferential agrees with some definitions of Thibault and Xu, but appears to be more widely applicable. An application is given to semi-infinite programming


Abstract Electrostatic Induction motors are closely connected in theory to the familiar Tesla induction machine. In practice, designs are constrained by dielectric breakdown. Stator and rotor electrodes must be positioned to avoid breakdown rather than to provide sinusoidal distributions. The result is that Space and time harmonics are important in electrostatic machines. A cylindrical and in experimental electrostatic Induction motor is described. The electric field the air gap is used to compute theoretical torque, which is less than 4 mN · m under most conditions. Experimental operation with balanced three-phase excitation and bearing friction as the only load agrees with the theory more closely than in previous work.


Congenital heart malformations are responsible for most infant deaths, and it is important to make an early and accurate diagnosis of pathological states. The aim of this review was to explore the possibilities of ultrasound examining the normal fetal heart anatomy. Evolutionary trend from M-mode to B-mode was shown. Further improvement in the prenatal diagnosis of congenital heart desease required novel advanced imaging methods that could effectively provide cardiac information from the fetus. Three dimensional (3D) and 4D fetal echocardiography using spatio-temporal image correlation (STIC) became up-to-date quality standard for fetal heart evaluation. Normal values of constructed fetal cardiac dimensions using these technologies may be useful tool in the assessment of fetal cardiac abnormalities. This is a promising technique to gain information about the normal human heart and to develop gestational, regional and gender ranges.


The fight against cardiovascular diseases requires the knowledge of their modifiable risk factors. This study aimed to assess the level of modifiable cardiovascular risk factors in a rural area in order to develop a prevention program. Methods: This is an analytical and cross-sectional study on data collected during a fairground medical consultation of adults from 20 to 25 May 2013, in both border districts of the municipality of Djidja (Agouna and Houto). The studied parameters were the capillary blood glucose profile, blood pressure profile, waist circumference (WC) and Body Mass Index (BMI). Diabetes is defined by a fasting blood glucose ≥ 1.26 g/L two times. Hypertension is defined according to the criteria of JNC VII and obesity by BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2; abdominal obesity is defined by a WC above 102 cm in men and 88 cm in women. Data were analyzed using SPSS software version 18.0. Results: A total of 926 people were included among whom 57.8% were women. The average age was 38.43 ± 15.84 years. The prevalence of diabetes mellitus was 2.9%. The prevalence of obesity (BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2) was 8.4%; 10.8% of studied population had abdominal obesity and 19.2% had hypertension. Age above 35 years and obesity were significantly associated with hypertension. Risk factors of obesity (IMC ≥ 30 kg/m2) were the place of residence (Agouna), the female gender, age between 35 and 64 and abdominal obesity. Conclusion: The frequency of cardiovascular risk factors, although small compared to the national level, remains a concern in the investigated rural communities. This must lead to undertake a survey on the lifestyle and dietary habits of the inhabitants of these areas.


Purpose: Segmental colitis associated with diverticulosis (SCAD) is a distinct clinical entity from classic uncomplicated diverticulitis and inflammatory bowel disease accounting for abdominal pain, bloating, and most notably rectal bleeding. There have been a variety of modalities described for treatment ranging from: expectant management, to antibiotics and Mesalamine therapy, or immunosuppressive therapy, or surgical resection. We describe a case of one of our patients to review the unique clinical, endoscopic, and histopathological features of SCAD, as well as to highlight the role of surgical resection as first line management of chronic hematochezia secondary to SCAD in a patient with an absolute indication for anticoagulation.


The direct power control of the doubly fed induction generator using conventional controllers is characterized by unsatisfactory performance: high ripples of stator powers and sensitivity to parametric variations. Among the most evoked control strategies adopted in this field to overcome these drawbacks presented in classical drive, it is worth mentioning the use of the higher law sliding mode developed on the super twisting algorithm associated with the fuzzy logic control in order to realize optimal command performance, Finally, the efficiency of the envisaged control scheme, is investigated against. The proposed regulation scheme is efficient in reducing the powers ripples; successfully suppress chatter and the effects of parametric variations that do not affect the performance of the regulation.


Cassia oleoresin is an extract isolated from dried barks of Cinnamomum cassia Blume (family Lauracea). The plant has been reported to have anti-diabetic, anti-oxidant, anti-hypertriglyceridemic effect, mainly due to its phytochemical constituents such as phenolic and volatile compounds. Cinnamon also helps in arthritis, fibromyalgia and psoriasis. The aim of this study was to prepare magnesium oxide nanoparticles using Cassia oleoresin and to evaluate the cytotoxic effect on Brine shrimp. The magnesium oxide nanoparticle was prepared from magnesium chloride and Cassia oleoresin and was confirmed by UVVisible Spectroscopy and morphology was confirmed by TEM. Brine shrimps lethality bioassay was carried out to investigate the cytotoxicity of Cassia oleoresin mediated magnesium oxide nanoparticles. Ten brine shrimp nauplii were placed in each well of the Eliza plate and filled with 5 μL ,10 μL ,15 μL ,20 μL ,25 μL of Cassia oleoresin mediated magnesium oxide nanoparticles After 24 hours of incubation, the wells were observed and the Original Research Article Anjana et al.; JPRI, 32(15): 75-82, 2020; Article no.JPRI.59660 76 number of surviving brine shrimp nauplii were counted to assess the cytotoxicity. The UV -Visible spectroscopy showed a peak at 400 peak and TEM analysis showed a particle size of 70 nm. After 24 hours incubation of the brine shrimps in the nanoparticle solution, all 10 brine shrimps survived in 5μL and 10 μL concentrations. 3 brine shrimps nauplii survived in 15μL conc. 1 brine shrimp nauplii survived in 20μL and 25μL concentrations each. Within the limits of this study it can be concluded that at low concentrations the prepared nanoparticle was safe and may be used for biomedical application.


Derek Parfit argues that normative anti-realism, the thesis that all normative truths are dependent on our normative attitudes, is a form of Nihilism, the thesis that nothing matters. I shall argue that Parfit is right: normative anti-realism is a form of Nihilism, in the sense that it entails Nihilism. I shall then argue, more tentatively, that this fact is grounds for us to reject antirealism.


The Internet, the Web and social media have radically transformed a number of core pillars of our social fabric. The way billions of citizens work, interact and socialise is underpinned by our global network infrastructure. Unfortunately, we have also seen a number of negative effects from this transformation. As has been widely publicised, undesirable impacts include the spread of disinformation and fake news; attacks on democratic elections and the 'weaponisation' of personal data. This article describes some of the technological approaches that are being taken to address some of the above issues. At the core of these technologies are notions around decentralisation. With blockchains it is possible that citizens can create their own 'self-sovereign' identity – the digital equivalent of writing one's name onto a piece of paper – and acquiring verification through blockchain-based techniques. An approach to alleviating the 'weaponisation' of personal and sensitive data is to give citizens their own data store. Initiatives such as Sir Tim Berners-Lee's Solid allow users to store, manage and control their own data according to any personal preferences or constraints. We believe that a combination of personal data stores and blockchains will lead to a new type of resilient communication and collaboration mechanism, whereby personal rights and empowerment are enhanced and transparency at the community level is integral.


A numerical model has been developed to simulate relaxation process of potential on charged oil surface in an earthed metal container. In the model, constant conductivity of oil was assumed, and surface charge formation and leakage current through the surface were taken into account. Calculation by this model shows that relaxation speed is affected not only by geometrical arrangement, but also by the absolute size of the container. Furthermore, obtained results indicates that dimensionless quantity D/sub t/*k/ lambda and normalized relaxation time constant could be quite well correlated,where D/sub t/ is the tank diameter, k is the specific conductivity, and lambda is the surface conductivity of oil.<<ETX>>


The embodying system and circuit of the present invention, to control the turn-on of the switch used to transfer the load to the associated energy collected by the power generating device (22), impinges on the power generation device vibration peak sexual applied force includes a means for sensing at least one of amplitude and frequency. The generator may use a transducer such as a piezoelectric device or a wave energy converter device (WEC). Use embodying sensors and sensing means of the present invention, the time point for switching the power extraction circuit to a circuit with a power generating device is controlled. The power extraction circuit, with the generator circuit, at a frequency higher than the power generation device is operating, and can comprise a component which resonates independent of the frequency at which the power generation device is operating. Thus, the energy source that changes gently (e.g., ocean waves, wind, eddies of water) operated by, and the generator device to be controlled, to expand the energy at one frequency, and selected time it can be transmitted energy in different frequency points.


/jpes.v9i1.31357 Abstract ___________________________________________________________________ The purpose of this study is: (1) Analyzing the difference in influence between Illinois agility training methods and t-drill exercises on the results of the Mawashi-Geri kick, (2) Analyzing the effect of high and low leg muscle flexibility category on the results of the Mawashi-Geri kick, (3) Analyze the interaction between the agility training method and leg muscle flexibility on the Mawashi-Geri kick. This study used an experimental method using factorial 2x2 design. The data analysis technique used Variant Analysis (ANOVA) at a significance level ( α ) of 0.05. The subjects in this study were karate athletes at Bukit Sejahtera, Palembang, South Sumatra. The results of this study: (1) There is a difference in


The American College of Orgonomy's 25th Anniversary _ John M. Bell, M.A. The Accumulator Effect on Leukemia Mice _ Bernard R. Grad, Ph.D. The Effect of Stress on Bion Formation _ Steven R. Dunlap Hygrometric Function of the Orac in Drought Conditions _ Charles Konia, M.D. The Desert Greening Project in Israel _ James DeMeo, Ph.D. Breaking the West Coast Drought _ Richard A. Blasband, M.D. A Difficult Diagnostic Problem _ Robert A. Harman, M.D. Schizophrenia and Epilepsy are Functional Variants __ Charles Konia,. M.D. Perception and Consciousness _ Robert A. Harman, M.D.


What would you think of if you see a pathologic collection of air as lucency at the superior aspect of the orbital globe in the AP skull radiograph? a) Periorbital abscess b) Orbital emphysema c) Orbital cellulites d) Periorbital foreign body e) Periorbital lymphaticovenous malformation A 9-year-old boy presented to the emergency department (ED) with crepitant swelling of the right upper eyelid. He was playing with his brother who accidentally hit him on the right side of the face with his hand. The boy developed epistaxis immediately after the injury. He was admitted to our ED after 24 hours. The initial ophthalmic external examination revealed crepitant ptotic right upper eyelid swelling. Visual acuity was bilateral normal. Hyphema and diplopia was not detected. Orbital emphysema commonly occurs during or immediately after facial, nasal, orbital trauma or surgical procedures, and most often after nose blowing. However, orbital emphysema has been caused by sneezing without evidence of any signifi cant trauma.1 The lateral wall of the ethmoid sinus named "lamina papyracea" is especially thin and fragile like "papyrus". This is why the bone is named "papyracea". Due to structural weakness, the bone becomes prone to fractures and this leads to orbital emphysema. Orbital computed tomography of our patient revealed a small, depressed fracture of the right lateral wall of the ethmoid bone. Plain radiographs may be helpful in confi rming fractures, orbital emphysema and in the delineation of air-fl uid levels in the paranasal sinuses, but they may fail to show the existence and extent of fractures (Fig. 1). Orbital emphysema is generally a benign, transient phenomenon, and spontaneous resolution usually occurs in around 2 weeks.1 However, the intraorbital air mass may cause visual loss due to the central retinal artery occlusion.2 As such, the rapid diagnosis and management of this condition are essential. In most cases, careful observation and the recommendation to avoid nose blowing are the only treatment necessary for orbital emphysema. According to the severity of the condition, the use of nasal decongestants, antibiotics, air drainage, direct decompression and steroids have been used for treatment.3 Secgin Soyuncu,1MD, Selcan Enver,1MD


Light initiates an autocatalytic reaction sequence in the chlorate ion−iodine reaction. A previous report on the same system (Oliveira, A. P.; Faria, R. B. J. Am Chem. Soc. 2005, 127, 18022−18023.) failed to recognize the role of photoinitiation by the diode-array spectrophotometer used in the experiments. A mechanism is proposed to interpret the observations.


The ideas about race developed in Mexico at the end of 19th Century established a link between the ethnic groups' phisiological features and their mental or moral inclinations through which the «national character» was formed. The Revolution did not change this view which nurtured the new anthropological, ethnological, and biotypological studies carried out within the «social engineering» program launched as from the twenties. In this program a series of policies —regarding metissage, migrations, education, as well as sanitary, profilactic and iuridical questions— were defined, all of which held to the idea that the racial transformation of the country was linked to changes in mentalities and the definition of a new public and private morale.


This article is about a clay-modelling tradition and Xhosa indigenous spiritual beliefs in South Africa's Eastern Cape Province. We focus on one aspect of modelling in clay, by boys and young men, at the villages of Hogsback and eHala. Using ethnographic material and oral interviews, we place the beliefs of the economically impoverished artists and the reflection of these beliefs in their art in historical context, and attempt to explain the meaning of certain attractive objects made by the artists, portrayed as uMamlambo 'mermaids' in the nearest single word to an adequate English translation offered for sale to visitors in the picturesque mountain village of Hogsback.


The integration of immigrants, and especially their political participation, is an issue which is very tightly related in Brussels, Belgium, to the dominant political cleavage along linguistic lines. The power struggle between the two national communities (the Flemish and the Francophones) both enables as frustrates political incorporation of ethnic minority groups. The stakes are especially high for the Flemish community: the political incorporation of the foreign population could put into question their demands for group differentiated rights but could arguably also lead to a strenghtening of their position. Within one and the same territory, Flemish and Francophone policy makers use different frameworks for incorporation of immigrants. The multi-governance situation which Brussels is confronted with, thus causes very diffuse political opportunity structures for participation of ethnic minority groups.


It is an important foundation of legal administration and legal management of state affairs as well as a precondition to promote administration efficiency for the governing party to acquire the legitimacy of administrative cost. This paper gives an analysis of the connotations, roles, features, and procedures of the legitimacy of administrative cost. The study of this issue is significant for the enhancement of the administration efficiency of the Party.


Results of the systematic measurement of movement of roof strata on rapidly retreating rib line in a mechanized coal mine are described.


This article discusses some current conceptualizations of university course delivery possible in the age of affordable and available computer technology. Arguments for and against radical changes to faculty organisation will be discussed, as well as revisited epistemological ideas made more pertinent by such technology. Issues arising from concepts of 'gamifi ed' and 'kinesthetic' education and 'connectivist' approaches, such as 'rhizomatic' learning, will also be referred to in terms of their potential applicability to new course design, with particular reference to more discursive subjects. The possibility that new technology could help to centralize some forms of education away from the faculty and even away from the university itself will also be discussed. Analyses of study cost, learning benefi ts and the quality of learning outcomes will be compared in research conducted into online learning technologies and online courses. Evaluations of new methodologies and forms of teaching practice will be considered along with a look at proposed enhancements to the learning experience for students through the use of new technologies. However, this article will go on to discuss how the introduction of new forms of educational delivery are open to criticisms of centralism, dogmatisms, unifi cation, unemployment, and at an extreme level, totalitarianism. I.Introduction Traditionalist vs. Progressives II.A brief review of some learning theories III.This time it is diff erent IV.Threats and reorganizations V.Precautions and problems of MOOCs VI.Stimulations and motivations


Abstract: Measurement of disease activity in systemic autoimmune disorders is often unreliable, and immunosuppressive therapy is often titrated to crude clinical response and/or onset of complications. Systemic sclerosis (SSc) presents a distinct clinical phenotype associated with specific autoantibodies. Anti‐topoisomerase‐1 (SCL‐70) is selectively detected in 30‐60% of subjects with diffuse skin and interstitial lung involvement. Such patients offer an ideal clinical model to characterize and quantify the autoantigen‐specific T‐cell response and its correlation with disease phenotype and activity. Human leukocyte antigen A2 (HLA‐A2)‐restricted topo‐1 peptides were selected based on an epitope prediction algorithm. For initial studies, the best binder topo‐1262‐270 KMLDHEYTT (#262) was used alone or loaded onto an artificial antigen‐presenting platform generated by coupling a dimeric major histocompatibility complex‐immunoglobulin G fusion protein (HLA‐A2‐Ig) and anti‐CD28 antibodies onto magnetic beads (artificial antigen‐presenting cells). Blood samples (100 μL) from HLA‐A2+ SSc patients and cytomegalovirus (CMV) seropositive healthy control subjects were tested in an intracellular cytokine staining assay. Gamma interferon production by CD8+ T cells was measured after stimulation with peptide #262, CMVpp65, or MART‐1 (irrelevant peptide). In two of five SCL‐70+ patients, peptide #262‐loaded aAPCs induced a specific CD8+ T‐cell response (0.45%± 0.23% of total CD8+ cells). This response was not observed in the seven SCL‐70− (five SSc and two CMV+) control subjects studied (0.03%± 0.02%). Interestingly, bronchoalveolar lavage fluid obtained from one topo‐1‐responsive SSc patient who had worsening respiratory function and active alveolitis showed striking enrichment of topo‐1‐specific CD8+ T cells (3.94%). This small‐volume ex vivo assay may prove to be a sensitive and specific tool to assess disease activity and to monitor response to therapy in patients with scleroderma.


Factor XI is the only contact factor whose de ficiency may result in a bleeding diathesis. This case re port describes two brothers with similar moderate factor XI deficiency (41% and 45%), but one brother had severe bleeding during invasive procedures whereas the other brother undergoing the same surgical procedure had no excessive bleeding. The bleeding in the first brother con tinued despite adequate factor XI levels; however, it was stopped only after EACA therapy. Also discussed is the importance of a sensitive aPTT reagent to the various factors and the role of the aPTT in predicting potential bleeding, since a normal aPTT was obtained prior to the first surgery. This case demonstrates that major bleeding can occur in heterozygous factor XI deficiency and the patient must be considered 'at risk' for potential bleeding and should be treated accordingly.


Primary wollastonite (wo) thought to have crystallized
from a liquid is quite rare in CAIs, having been reported in only two igneous
inclusions, White Angel and KT-1 [1, 2]. Both of these CAIs exhibit
significant mass fractionations in multiple elements and KT-1 is a FUN
inclusion, so it is highly desirable to place as many constraints as possible on
their formation. Since phase diagrams previously developed for CAIs do not
involve wo [3], we use literature data on wo-saturated and wo-free phase
diagrams in the system CaO-MgO-Al_2O_3-SiO_2 (CMAS) to establish a basic
framework for describing crystallization of wo-bearing CAIs.


The main aim of this article is to present an efficient numerical method to solve the Delay Differential Equation of fractional order.We use the fractional derivative in Caputo's sense.The properties of Chebyshev polynomials of second kind are utilized to reduce Delay Fractional Differential Equation (DFDE) to a linear or non-linear easily solvable system of algebraic equations.Numerically illustrative solved examples are present.The results shows that proposed method is very effective and simple.Thats reveals the validity and applicability of method.


Traditional shaft temperature and humidity detection system is wired mode, the transmission distance is limited. In order to overcome this shortcoming, this paper designed a detection system, which is based on ZigBee wireless sensor network and digital temperature-humidity sensor. In the system, the data's acquisition and transmission of master-slave nodes is realized by the star network, and the data is displayed on the host computer through serial port. The system can realize multi-point detection and real-time monitoring.


In Upper Egypt, the Forensic Medicine Authority of the Ministry of Justice transfers patients with marital conflicts or accusation of rape for proper sexual function evaluation, which helps in making its decisions according to the law. Therefore, our study aims to evaluate the pattern of 40 cases referred for sexual function evaluation, their clinical, laboratory, imaging characteristics and finally the decisions of these cases.


Since inductive bias exists during the process of selection of expanded attributes, attributes with more values are usually preferred to be selected. It consequently results in a decision tree with large scale and with poor generalization capability. Therefore it is necessary to simplify the decision tree including pre-pruning and post-pruning. This paper focuses on the pre-pruning. A new strategy of pre-pruning is given, that is, at the process of tree growth, two branches (or more) from the same node are merged into one branch and then the tree growth process continues. This paper investigates the impact of merging branches on decision tree induction. The main concerns are whether the comprehensibility, the size and the generalization accuracy of a decision tree can be improved if an appropriate merging strategy is selected and applied. Based on information gain, this paper analyzes the complexity of a decision tree before and after merging branches, and designs two algorithms of merging branches, SSID (based on the proportion of positive samples) and MCID (based on the most gain compensation). Experimental results show that with respect to the comprehensibility and the generalization capability, either SSID or MCID is significantly superior to the frequently used See5 system (the improved version of C4.5).


This thesis described 6 years as Rha Hyeseok's 'Golden Days' in An-dong(安東). She tried to overcome the flexural history of woman as disadvantaged personality. Her effort derived from the results of Movements since Tokyo(東京) days. Her participation March First Movement was the faintest passion what to get out of invasion of Japanese Imperialism. Her activity of after marriage in An-dong is not known caused by her activity of Painter. The Association of Korean in An-dong progressed colonial policy of subjecting to Japan in accordance with Japanese Consulate in An-dong's directions in 1920. The executive of headquarters a lot of people what city residents. they worked have fast turnover of capital occupation. Simply, The most branch manager of worked agriculture. The Association of Korean in An-dong newly organized Financing Company in An-dong for smooth progress of financing. Financing Company in An-dong organized to that purpose of helped settlement of immigration korean through a rural loan and a low-interest loan Rha Hyeseok wanted help to stabilization of livelihood of immigration korean Because Kim Woo-Young who her husband bound up with Financing Company in An-dong. First, She settled Night school for women and derived conclusion that changes in perception of women. Besides, She showed the education fever what she visited several schools of Jeongju-si, Pyeonganbuk-do and teaching the class. Also Rha Hyeseok organized to Lady Reunion in An-dong in March, 1926. She concentrated economic stability of immigration korean under the self-rehabilitation through foundation of Department of Deposit and installation of Department of knitting. And She emphasised changes in perception of women reaches changes in perception of people.


We present an environmentally stable Yb ultrafast ring oscillator utilizing a new method of passive mode-locking. The laser is using all-fiber architecture which makes it insensitive to environmental factors, like temperature, humidity, vibrations, and shocks. The new method of mode-locking is utilizing crossed bandpass transmittance filters in ring architecture to discriminate against CW lasing. Broadband pulse evolves from cavity noise under amplification, after passing each filter, causing strong spectral broadening. The laser is self-starting. It generates transform limited spectrally flat pulses of 1 – 50 nm width at 6 – 15 MHz repetition rate and pulse energy 0.2 – 15 nJ at 1010 – 1080 nm CWL.


Keratinocytes are key structural cells in cell migration during wound repair. Keratinocyte migration is dysfunctional in diabetes and results in non-healing, however, the reason for this is unclear. Using bulk and single cell sequencing, we identified that Th17 CD4+ T-cells predominate as does an IL-17A signature in human diabetic wound tissue compared to non-diabetic controls. The effects of increased IL-17A in diabetic skin on keratinocyte function is unknown. To examine this, we subjected isolated keratinocytes to scratch injury and a 24hr rIL-17A (20ng) stimulation. We observed a significant decrease in migration rate in IL-17A stimulated keratinocytes compared to their controls. Next, we examined migration related genes in keratinocytes from mice fed with a normal (ND) or a high fat (HFD) diet. Integrin alpha 3 subunit, Itga3, (a protein known to delay keratinocyte migration during wound re-epithelialization) was higher in diabetic (HFD) keratinocytes compared to ND controls at baseline and with rIL-17A. We analyzed epigenetic enzymes known to increase gene expression and identified that JMJD3, a histone demethylase that relaxes chromatin, was increased both in diabetic keratinocytes from our human scRNA-seq and in murine diabetic keratinocytes with rIL17A. Further, treatment with a JMJD3-specific inhibitor (GSK-J4) decreased Itga3 in diabetic keratinocytes, suggesting that JMJD3 may be relevant to IL-17A-mediated regulation of integrin alpha 3 and other keratinocyte migration genes. Continued investigation into upstream IL-17A signaling in normal and diabetic keratinocytes that alters downstream migration is crucial for our understanding of impaired keratinocyte functions associated with diabetic wound repair.
 NIH T32 AI 007413, Research Training in Experimental Immunology Rackham Pre-Candidate Graduate Student Research Grant, University of Michigan


We develop an approach to the determination of 3-D structure and reflectivity of Lambertian objects using a modification of cone-beam tomography. Like other tomographic imaging methods, our approach is entirely numerical and does not rely on heuristics. Furthermore, it requires only ambient illumination.


Protestantism has grown strikingly throughout Latin America in the last two decades. Estimating such growth is hazardous in the absence of firm national survey data, but the phenomenon is clearly embracing sizable segments of national populations. In Guatemala, estimates of Protestants in the national population ranged from 20 to 25 percent by the early 1980s, with more recent estimates approaching 30 percent.


Objective: to analyze the social representations of pregnant adolescents about maternity. Methodology: it is a qualitative, descriptive research, based on the Social Representations Theory. Seven pregnant adolescents aged from 13 to 19 years old participated in this survey, they were all being attended with prenatal care in a Family Health Unit in a town in Bahia. The Data collection was done through recorded interviews, with the signature of the terms of free and clear permission, performed between March and April 2011, after the approval of the Committee of Ethics in Research of the Universidade Estadual do Sudoeste da Bahia (UESB), Protocol number 022/2011. Through the analysis of the thematic content of the information obtained by semi-structured interviews, the following categories emerged: Adolescence; Is pregnancy an adolescent issue? and Maternity. Results: the adolescents represented maternity at that stage as something negative due to the privations in their personal, social and educational life; and as something positive associated with the responsibility of taking care of a child. Conclusion: the complete knowledge can enhance actions turned to the reception, sexual and reproductive education and prenatal care in order to improve the pregnancy planning as well as the responsible maternity. Descriptors: adolescence; pregnancy; adolescent pregnancy.


We discuss the Bohmian paths of two-level atoms moving in a waveguide through an external resonance-producing field, perpendicular to the waveguide and localized in a region of finite diameter. The time spent by a particle in a potential region is not well-defined in standard quantum mechanics, but it is well defined in Bohmian mechanics. Bohm's theory is used for calculating the average time spent by a transmitted particle inside the field region and the arrival-time distributions at the edges of the field region. Using the Runge–Kutta method for the integration of the guidance law, some Bohmian trajectories were also calculated. Numerical results are presented for the special case of a Gaussian wave packet.


Recovery and digitization of geophysical and sample points and data from 1:100,000 paper maps of the COGEOMAP(cooperative mapping program with U.S. Geological Survey) area, text only


Abstract Combinations of performative deontic, epistemic and evidential expressions in a clause appear to be very rare in language. This article presents facts to this effect on the basis of Dutch corpus data, and attempts to explain them. The aim is to contribute to the understanding of the cognitive status of the semantic notions involved, and more generally of the phenomenon called "tense-aspect-modality marking" or the "qualification of states of affairs" in language. In particular, the aim is to contribute to current theorizing on the hierarchical nature of qualifications and the position of this hierarchical system in a cognitive language model.


With the development of China's opening to the foreign countries and of market economy, the contract swindiings rise increasingly in China thus become a social problem. This article probes into the damage, features, forming reasons and then gives its countermeasures.


ABSTRACT Objective: to know the perception of nursing professionals about the in situ strategy in continuing education in intensive care. Method: a descriptive, exploratory and qualitative study, conducted with 15 nursing professionals from an Intensive Care Unit. Data was collected from December 2018 to February 2019, by means of semi-structured interviews, after in situ simulations that occurred in the work environment and involving two settings, one on septic shock and the other, cardiorespiratory arrest. For analysis, the collective subject discourse technique was applied using a software program. Results: from the 15 nursing professionals participating in the study, eight were nurses and seven were nursing technicians. Their age varied from 23 to 56 years old and their time in intensive care ranged from two months to 17 years. The in situ simulation was perceived as an opportunity to update and acquire professional knowledge, skills and competencies, especially for those without experience, favoring the gain of self-confidence, communication, decision-making and clinical reasoning. The simulated in situ strategy was also portrayed as a possibility of training in the professional practice and in real time, unlike traditional training, and also, as a safe environment to make mistakes of diverse magnitudes because it is a training setting. Conclusion: the professionals understand the in situ simulation as being valid for professional update and practical learning in a safe setting.


The whole DNA of soybean was implanted into four varieties of wheat of Zhougyu 5,Huaiyin 9628,Wenyou 1,Jimai 5 respectively via ion-beam mediation.There were 5 plants obtained whose protein content was higher than 18.5%,the highest one was 21.44%,There were 3 plants obtained whose protein content was lower than 11.5%,the lowest one was 10.96%.We can see that the whole DNA of soybean transformed into wheat via ion beam implantation can induce the increase in wheat protein content dramatically.The result also shows that the transformation efficiency of different gene types of wheat receptor varies greatly that the implanting time has a certain effect on the efficiency of transformation.


The mechanical response of rod-coil block copolymers is critical to their processing and application in organic electronic devices and biotechnology. Using the weakly-segregated system poly(2,5-di(2′-ethylhexyloxy)-1,4-phenylenevinylene-b-isoprene) (PPV-b-PI), the shear behavior of a rod-coil block copolymer system was probed as a function of coil fraction to understand its flow behavior and to identify rheological signatures of phase transitions in this system. The rheology of the block copolymers of symmetric compositions showed behavior that was dominated by the relaxation processes of the rod homopolymer on short timescales, while on longer timescales they show non-terminal behavior with plateaus in both G′ and G″ indicative of a solid-like state. Disordering of the block copolymer at higher temperatures is accompanied by a failure of time-temperature superposition due to the disappearance of the solid-like interactions at long timescales and changes in the PPV relaxation modes at short timescales. As the strength of segregation and rod-rod ordering become weaker with increasing coil fraction, these signatures of the changes in microstructure with temperature disappear. When the coil block length is significantly longer than the entanglement molecular weight, signatures of both PI entanglement and the rod dynamics become apparent in the rheological behavior. Examination of isochronal temperature sweeps shows that the PPV crystallization transition is easily observed in symmetric block copolymers, but becomes difficult to detect at high coil fractions. The order-disorder transition (ODT) was not clearly observable as a mechanical signature in temperature sweeps. The failure of time-temperature superposition and the use of Han plots suggest that rheology may be useful to identify the ODT in rod-coil block copolymers only below some critical coil fraction.


The immune system is designed to provide protection to the body by combating pathogens. Identifying animals with superior immune responses reduces disease occurrences, increases farm profit and improves product quality and safety. Consequently, there is need to breed disease resistant animals that will eliminate the danger of currently used disease management strategies; drug prophylaxis and vaccination, which are unsafe and ineffective respectively. studies aimed at investigating the mechanisms involved in genetic resistance have been done, however a standardized biological parameter indicative of disease resistance or susceptibility remains elusive. The objectives of the study were to determine presence and variation of IgA, IgG and IgM among indigenous chicken. Estimate repeatability within the indigenous chicken over time of IgA, IgM and IgG natural antibody isotypes against Keyhole limpet hemocyanin. Blood samples from 24 indigenous chickens of the same age and sex were collected four times within three weeks. IgA, IgM and IgG titer values were measured by indirect ELISA from the sera. A mixed model with repeated measures was performed to determine variation and repeatability. All the immunoglubulin isotypes binding KLH in chicken serum were recorded. There was significant difference between isotypes concentrations with IgM and IgA being the lowest and highest titre values, respectively. Repeatability was 0.68, 0.99 and 0.99 for IgM, IgG and IgA, respectively. The isotypes were detectable and variable in serum of indigenous chicken and consistently and repeatedly measurable in blood serum. This finding may lay the basis for genetic improvement of immune response in the indigenous chicken.


The microstructure of permanent mold casting ZA27 alloy was examined by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) after natural aging for 18 months. The solidification begins with the formation of aluminum rich α′ dendrites, followed by the peritectic reaction whereby a zinc rich β phase forms around the edges of the primary phase. Finally, the solidification is completed by formation of eutectic β and η phases, the β phase joining the peritectic β phase and the η phase remaining as thin film in the interdendritic regions. In some regions, the eutectics form in the form of fibrous β within η phase. The morphologies of the eutectics are determined by the size of the eutectic pools. On cooling after casting and on aging, both of the β phases decompose into well formed eutectoid α+η lamellae or irregularly complex structures through cellular reaction. These cell colonies nucleate on the eutectic η phase and grow into the low aluminum α′ phase cores of the dendrites to make the α′ phases form lamella structures. But the growth of these lamellae is always retarded by the continuous decomposition of the α′ phase in the dendritic cores and they decompose into mixture of fine zinc rich η phase in an aluminum matrix. The Cu rich e phase particles form in all η phases.


Aim:To explore the changes of serum levels of TGF-β1 and CTGF in the workers exposed to dust.Methods:The serum levels of TGF-β1 and CTGF in 69 workers exposed to dust and 43 healthy individuals (the controls) were detected by ELISA.Results:The serum levels of TGF-β1 and CTGF in the workers exposed to dust were (55.83±9.02) μg/L and (297.60±29.63) ng/L,respectively. The serum levels of those in the controls were (19.33±4.57) μg/L and (127.33±15.38) ng/L,respectively. There were statistical differences between the two group (P0.05). There was bivariate correlation between the serum levels of TGF-β1 and CTGF (r=0.186,P0.05).Conclusion:The serum levels of TGF-β1 and CTGF may be correlated with the dust exposure.


This paper introduces a theory for the development of a fully automated multiple chemistry battery charger. This can be possible through the detection of battery chemistry. The paper presents an algorithm to differentiate between Ni based, Li-ion and Sealed Lead Acid (SLA) batteries through the analysis of voltage profile during charging and discharging periods. The algorithm was implemented and tested in an intelligent charger capable of charging aforementioned types of batteries without any prior identification of battery type from the user. This industrially viable solution for developing multiple chemistry charger can easily be incorporated in any embedded system using minimum input and circuit arrangement connected to the battery.


We tested the hypothesis that rod signals mediate the effect of luminance on field prevalence in binocular rivalry. Results show that (1) field prevalence saturates at a luminance that is less than 0.001 that of the value reported for rod saturation, (2) the spectral sensitivity inferred from the prevalence-luminance relationship is not scotopic, and (3) the prevalence-luminance relationship does not behave univariantly under all chromatic conditions. We conclude that rod signals alone do not control field prevalence.


Numerous problems investigated in Software Aging and Rejuvenation (SAR) research are also of interest of other research communities. One of these problems is memory leak detection, which is one of the most recurrent topic in the SAR literature in its twenty-three years. Due to this major interest of SAR researchers on memory leak detection techniques, naturally a question emerges: how other areas deal with this problem? To answer this question we surveyed the main scientific digital libraries, from 1982 to 2017, looking for studies on memory-leak detection that were not originated in the SAR community. We found 105 papers that matched our inclusion and exclusion criteria. Our method was based on the systematic mapping review approach. The empirical findings revealed several intersections of SAR research with studies conducted in other areas, offering interesting insights on different research cooperation opportunities.


Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN) is a new and challenging research field for embedded system design automation. Engineering a WSN node platform is a tough challenge, as the design must enforce many severe constraints among which energy consumption is often the most critical one due to the small size of a node and its difficult access after deployment. WSN nodes have until now been designed using commercial low-power microcontrollers (MCUs). These MCUs are not well-suited for WSN node design as they are based on a general purpose compute engine and consume too much power w.r.t. WSN node's power budget. In this thesis, we propose a complete system-level designflow for an alternative approach based on the concept of power-gated hardware micro-tasks. In this approach, WSN node architecture is made of several micro-tasks that are activated on an event-driven basis, each of them being dedicated to a specific task of the system (such as event-sensing, MAC, routing, etc.). These hardware micro-tasks are controlled by a hardware scheduler (called the System Monitor) that is automatically generated from a system-level description of the WSN node task graph in the form of a textual Domain Specific Language (DSL). By combining hardware specialization with power-gating, we can drastically reduce both dynamic and static energy of a WSN node controller. The results show that dynamic power savings by one to two orders of magnitude are possible w.r.t. the software implementations based on MCUs such as the MSP430. Similarly, static power savings of one order of magnitude are also obtained due to the reduction in data memory size and power-gating.


Silicon (Si) is considered as one of the most vital elements for the plant life. Nanoparticles interact with plants causing many changes morphologically and physiologically based on the properties of NPs. Nano silicon dioxide (with diameter 20:40 nm) was synthesized from sodium metasilicate and inclusively characterized. Murashige and Skoog media were supplemented with nano SiO2 in four levels (0, 50,100 and 150 ppm) in addition to IBA in order to find the interaction mechanism between nanosilica and banana plants under control condition in vitro. The efficiency of Nano SiO2 was evaluated in terms of its impact on some morphological traits, total chlorophyll content and total phenolic compounds were also assessed. Results showed a positive effect of silicon dioxide nanoparticles on rooting rate and photosynthesis pigments. Overall, application of Silicon in the nano scale was beneficial in improving growth of banana.


The development of intercorporate and interindustry ties by firms providing electronic news through videotex and teletext in the US between 1979 and 1984 is discussed in the context of resource dependence theory. Several important trends are noted: (1) the growth in relationships formed between newspapers and cable firms to provide cabletext, (2) the increasing number of affiliate ties involved in both videotex and teletext services, (3) the more binding or permanent ties in videotext relations, and (4) the rather independent role of information providers in videotex compared to the marked dependency between information providers and transmission providers in teletext. © 1988 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.


Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to address the knowledge gap by analysing the motivations of driving both users and hosts to the co-working space in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia as the motives of co-working space is related to how well that space supports their needs.

Design/methodology/approach
By using a mixed-methods approach, users' and hosts' behaviours were studied through the survey and in-depth interview, where 60 users were interviewed, as well as six operators of co-working space and two real estate market experts.

Findings
Based on the results, convenient location, open space layout and ambiance, shared facilities, membership costs, flexible leases and knowledge sharing are the main motives that drive users to the co-working space and these motives are significantly related to user satisfaction. The results also showed that the users' motives for working in the co-working space differ mostly from hosts in terms of service attributes.

Research limitations/implications
The co-working space is more than just an office alternative but is a service-oriented real estate business. By providing the appropriate combination of attributes to succeed financially, co-workspace providers can support most of their members' tasks, which leads to member satisfaction.

Originality/value
Research on the co-working place is still inadequate, particularly in Malaysia. Greater knowledge of attributes that influence users' and hosts' responses could lead to a better understanding and prediction in determining their needs and preferences.


The model which has been developed can be used to examine the management of uneven-aged forests at several different levels: 1: For comparison of uneven-aged management and clearfelling systems. 2: For comparison of different types of operation under each system, such as shortwood extraction versus pole-length extraction. 3: For comparison of different types of machines which could be used in any one operation, such as 10-tonne forwarders versus 7-tonne forwarders, or large skidders versus small skidders. 4: For examination of the importance of the factors which may influence each operation, such as yield class, block size, group size, length of transformation, and age of the crop at the start of the transformation. This hierarchical structure is best demonstrated by the use of a diagram (See Figure 4.1, below). The main part of the chapter concentrates on the most detailed level of the structure (level 4 in Figure 4.1) which is the examination of the effect of factors such as group size and Yield Class on the operating times of different types of extraction machines. Concentrating heavily on felling and extraction times is justified because harvesting costs generally account for a very high proportion of total costs. Helliwell (1982) estimated that harvesting costs may be as much as 50-90% of total costs. Next, the effect of group size, Yield Class etc. on shortwood and pole-length felling times is examined. Intermediate tending operations are then considered, followed by the replanting operation.


Obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD) is a psychiatric disorder of heterogeneous phenomenology and its onset follows a bimodal pattern. The onset of OCD can be very early or late. The clinical presentation, co-morbidities as well as treatment outcomes are affected by the age of onset of obsessive compulsive disorder. The most accepted explanatory model to explain OCD is bio-psycho-social model, which explains the interplay of biological, psychological as well as social factors in the causation of OCD. In this case report, a rare case of very early onset OCD in an adolescent boy with co-morbid agoraphobia where the onset of OCD was as early as infancy is being discussed.


Pop-up City is a photography research project in the city of Bologna, Italy. It works on perception and understanding of urban and architectural features of the existing city, trying to deliver new powerful images of the suburban world and to highlight existing places with a potential for public life. Pop-up City is an attempt to make people look at everyday streets, places and spaces around them with different, conscious eyes, in order to embed them in their physical and emotional urban life. Pop-up City moves far away from the European mental attitude that immediately links the concept of "public space" to the idea of a traditional designed square, searching for that intangible dimension made of desires, dreams and passionate involvement, giving shape to imagination.


Executive Summary In light of the increasing sophistication and persistence of cyber risks, which can threaten to disrupt our interconnected global financial systems, the G-7 continues to promote the development of frameworks to enhance public and private sector approaches to strengthening cyber resilience of critical entities in the financial system following its publication in 2016 of the G-7 Fundamental Elements of Cybersecurity for the Financial Sector ("G7FE").


Affordability and resilience are two non‐functional requirements that are increasingly needed in 21st century systems. Since these attributes act in tradeoff fashion, a tradespace definition and evaluation framework is needed. This paper presents a model‐based approach that builds on two core capabilities: a framework to define the space system environment, and an analytic tool to set up the tradespace within the framework for tradeoff analysis with what‐if assumptions about the future space system environment.


Most Differential Global Positioning System (DGPS) correction formats are based on range information, and thus typical DGPS systems can be implemented only on correction message-readable or raw observable-providing devices. There is no other way to improve an already-calculated position than a 'block shift technique', which has a very limited applicability. This paper suggests an algorithm to project measurement correction directly to position domain data without requiring raw pseudorange data. By post-processing methodology, we evaluated the performance of our new algorithm compared to conventional DGPS, which requires raw pseudorange data; the observed difference between them was only 0·1 mm . The proposed correction projection algorithm can be used with commercial off-the-shelf receivers that provide National Marine Electronics Association (NMEA) format data. Our testing with a U-blox LEA-5H receiver resulted in a drastic reduction of horizontal Root Mean Square (RMS) error from 4·75 m to 1·09 m.


Objective: To determine the relationship between varicose veins and duration of menstrual life, age of menopause, pregnancy, oral contraceptive use and hormone replacement therapy (HRT). Design: Cross-sectional study. Setting: City of Edinburgh, UK. Participants: Eight hundred and sixty-seven women aged 18–64 years randomly selected from 12 general practices. Methods: After completing a questionnaire, which included questions on reproductive history, the women underwent a comprehensive clinical examination including the assessment of varicose veins (trunk, hyphenweb and reticular varices), followed by duplex scanning of their legs. Results: Women who had been pregnant at least once were more likely to have minor hyphenweb or reticular varices than women who had never been pregnant (p ≤ 0.05). Women aged 35–54 years who were current users or ex-users of the oral contraceptive pill had a lower prevalence of trunk varicose veins than women who had never taken the pill (p ≤ 0.10). HRT was also associated with a lower prevalence of trunk varices (p ≤ 0.05). Conclusions: These results suggest that alterations in the balance of the sex hormones may have a role in the aetiology of varicose veins.


What are prospective teachers' considerations when they make decisions in situations where classroom management interferes with mathematical learning? In this paper we present research that explores prospective teachers' pedagogical and epistemological considerations in intended actions through their written responses to situation-specific tasks. Specifically, we introduce a type of task that addresses both mathematical learning and classroom management issues; and, we discuss the written responses of 21 prospective mathematics teachers to one of these tasks in which a student's unease with Algebra is met with another student's dismissive and offensive response. The analysis we present here observes a lack of balance in the participants' responses in favour of behavioural issues and at the expense of epistemological issues.


Studies on the enhancement of output performance are widely presented based on the theory of output characteristics for sliding‐mode triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs). However, few studies are reported to investigate the electromechanical coupling of the external force onto the S‐TENG due to its fuzzy influence on electrical performance. In order to study the effect of the pre‐stress on S‐TENGs, in this work, a novel strategy of adding flexible magnet layers in the S‐TENG is first proposed to study the electrification and coupling effect induced by magnetic pre‐stress (or magnetically stresses triboelectric nanogenerator, MS‐TENG) both theoretically and experimentally. The electromechanical characteristic of the MS‐TENG is theoretically studied by introducing the magnetic pre‐stress coefficient. Considering the effect of the magnetic pre‐stress, load resistances, and sliding frequency on MS‐TENG at a low sliding speed, the relevant output performance of the MS‐TENG is derived through the equivalent circuit model. Furthermore, the corresponding experiments are conducted and the experimental results present a good agreement with the theoretical calculations, which effectively reveal the principle of the magnetic pre‐stress on the MS‐TENG. This work is aimed at providing a theoretical description with validations on the effect of external pre‐stresses on the performance enhancement of S‐TENGs.


Summary Although alligators are quite active in the winter if the temperature is high they have a pronounced hypoglycemia and no appetite. There is no seasonal change in metabolic rate in either the alligator or caiman. The caiman does not hibernate. Pituitary powder produces prolonged hyperglycemia and increases the metabolic rate. Desiccated thyroid powder has no effect on blood sugar. Neither glucose nor insulin had any effect on metabolic rate.


Laser acupuncture has the characteristics of non-invasive, non-infectious, and easy to use, and it can avoid the pain and psychological fear of traditional acupuncture. Thus, we choose laser acupuncture to execute this trail which with many clinical and scientific experiments shows that there are effective. And use Ryodoraku to measure the change of the values. Laser which wavelength is 808nm and the pulse rate is 20Hz, is used to irradiate Weizhong (BL40) and Ashi acupoint for 10 minutes, and the Ryodoraku value was measured 2 times, i.e. before and 15 minutes after laser irradiation. Sham irradiate is served as active group. The results shows that laser irradiation of Weizhong and Ashi might increase Ryodoraku value (Bladder Meridian, Foot-Taiyang) even after latent time, and the increase is statistically significant.


Texas. The occasion was a series of debates between atheists and theists, featuring many influential philosophers, scientists, and other scholars. A short time later, in May 1985, Flew and Habermas debated at Liberty University before a large audience. The topic that night was the resurrection of Jesus. Although Flew was arguably the world's foremost philosophical atheist, he had intriguingly also earned the distinction of being one of the chief philosophical commentators on the topic of miracles. Habermas


Objective To investigate the relationship between diastolic heart failure(DHF)and insulin resistance(IR)as well as the influence of metformin on insulin-sensitivity in patients with DHF.Methods The levels of fasting plasma glucose and fasting insulin was detected in 120 patients with DHF and 60 healthy subjects,and insulin resistance index(IAI)was calculated.The relationships between DHF and IAI were also analyzed.120 patients with DHF were randomly divided into metformin treatment group and routine group,the patients in routine group received routine therapy,while the patients in metformin treatment group,on the basis of routine group,were given metformin 250mg three times a day.The levels of fasting plasma glucose,IAI and insulin after 4 weeks were tested and the changes of insulin-sensitivity were analyzed.Results The levels of serum insulin and IAI in DHF group were significantly higher than those in control group(P0.01),the levels of serum insulin and IAI in metformin treatment group were significantly lower than those in routine group(P0.01).Conclusion(1)Hyperinsulinemia and Insulin resistance are ubiquitous in patients with DHF.(2)Metformin can relieve insulin resistance in patients with DHF.


Annual monitoring has taken place since 1992 on the effects on Route 220 (in West London) of a successful series of bus priority measures. The variable nature of traffic congestion makes difficult the assessment of how well bus lanes perform - "before and after" comparisons depend on chance circumstances. The paper discusses ways of assessing the effects of a bus lane despite this problem. Results of the monitoring studies are presented, including effects on journey time, effects on reliability, economic performance of the measures, effects on patronage of the service and information on the attitudes of passengers. For the covering abstract, see IRRD 898010.


Simple and efficient method for the introduction of the new strong electron donor 1,3dialkyl-4,5-dimethylimidazol-2-ylidene amino group (IMAM) in different organic molecules using 2-fluoroimidazolium or 2-chloroimidazolium salts was developed. According to this method, three new families of phase transfer catalysts and two new families of stable phosphorus-free organic superbases (SBs) were synthesized and studied. Selected phase transfer catalysts showed very high stability towards hydrolysis under different drastic basic conditions. Very high basicity of prepared SBs in solution as well as in the gas phase was studied and found to be caused by aromatization and steric strain release upon protonation. A new efficient method for amination of 1,3-dialkylimidazol-2-ylidenes as well as tris(dimethylamino)phosphine by tert-butyl azide was developed. The basicity of new highly sterically hindered 1,3-di-tert-butyl-4,5-dimethylimidazol-2-ylidene was estimated, pKBH+(DMSO) = 24.8.


BACKGROUND AND AIM
In patients infected by HIV-1, some cellular biomarkers such as microRNAs have an important function in the suppression or progression of the disease. The aim of the current study is to evaluate the expression of mir-221, mir-29a, mir-155, and mir-146a in HIV-1 infected patients.

METHODS
The miRNAs of 60 HIV-1 infected patients (sample group) and 20 healthy controls (normal group) were extracted from their peripheral mononuclear cells. We used TaqMan-based Real-time PCR for evaluation of expression mir-155,mir221, mir-29a and mir-146a by the comparative method. To evaluate differences among the data, one-way ANOVA was used. The expression of mir-155 andmir-146a in HIV-1 patients (sample group) was down-regulated in comparison with healthy controls (normal group) with a confidence value, (p <0.001). Also, in the sample group the expression of mir221 was downregulatedin compared to the normal group (p <0.001).

RESULTS
There was no significant difference in expression mi-29a in sample and control group. Inthe sample group, mir-221 hadlow expression and mir-29a had a high expression, respectively. According to the results of the current study and comparable studies, it seems that the microRNA has an important role in the progression or suppression of HIV-1 infection.

CONCLUSION
However, the data showed, besides others cellular and viral factor, we could use these miRNAs as a biomarker. However, the experts in themiRNAs field are in general agreement that more investigation is needed to use miRNAs as a biomarker in HIV.


Background: The use of modern technology in healthcare system aims to increase the reliability, accessibility and productivity of delivered services. In most developing countries, particularly in sub-Saharan Africa, Electronic Medical Records (EMRs) has been dominated by paper-based system. In Rwanda, EMRs started in 2011 with a baseline of 8% and reached 50% in 2017 within 516 health facilities, but patient data synchronization among health facilities is still a problem. The aim of this research was to identify factors hindering EMRs implementation and propose applied solutions. Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study design with qualitative and quantitative approach was used. A purposive method to select the research participants among the target population was also used. Results: It was found that, despite the improvement of hospitals' management and healthcare efficiency via EMRs system, factors affecting synchronization of patients' data among health facilities still persist. The study also revealed the need for the interoperability in the integration of EMRs system among health facilities. Conclusion: The OpenMRS EMR-based data synchronization can reduce gaps in HIV care. It avoids a duplication of patient identification number (PID) at the same health facility for more than one visit and missing data among health facilities. As part of implementable solutions for effective service delivery, cloud-based server and patient identification were suggested as solutions for much more success in Open MRS EMRs system. Keywords: Electronic Medical Record, Data synchronization, Cloud computing technology


The Covid-19 pandemic has had a considerable impact on the economy in the city of Surabaya, especially in the fields of Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises and the creative industry, tourism, and employment. The City of Surabaya. By using SWOT analysis, it can be concluded that although the economic growth of the City of Surabaya during the Covid-19 pandemic has decreased, the economic growth in the City of Surabaya is still positive and always above the national and East Java economic growth and improved the economy after the covid pandemic. These include empowering MSMEs, integrating tourist destinations, both natural tourism, populist-based history, and religion, improving the quality of the workforce to suit the company's needs, and so on.


Land use and land cover changes driven by urban sprawl has accelerated the degradation of ecosystem services in metropolitan settlements. However, most optimisation techniques do not consider the dynamic effect of urban sprawl on the spatial criteria on which decisions are based. In addition, integrating the current simulation approach with land use optimisation approaches to make a sustainable decision regarding the suitable site encompasses complex processes. Thus, this study aims to innovate a novel technique that can predict urban sprawl for a long time and can be simply integrated with optimisation land use techniques to make suitable decisions. Three main processes were applied in this study: (1) a supervised classification process using random forest (RF), (2) prediction of urban growth using a hybrid method combining an artificial neural network and cellular automata and (3) the development of a novel machine learning (ML) model to predict urban growth boundaries (UGBs). The ML model included linear regression, RF, K-nearest neighbour and AdaBoost. The performance of the novel ML model was effective, according to the validation metrics that were measured by the four ML algorithms. The results show that the Nasiriyah City expansion (the study area) is haphazard and unplanned, resulting in disastrous effects on urban and natural systems. The urban area ratio was increased by about 10%, i.e., from 2.5% in the year 1992 to 12.2% in 2022. In addition, the city will be expanded by 34%, 25% and 19% by the years 2032, 2042 and 2052, respectively. Therefore, this novel technique is recommended for integration with optimisation land use techniques to determine the sites that would be covered by the future city expansion.


Analog circuits are of great importance in electronic system design since the world is fundamentally analog in nature. While the amount of digital design activity far outpaces that of analog design, most digital systems require analog modules for interfacing with the external world. It was recently estimated that approximately 60% of digital application- specific integrated circuit designs incorporated analog circuits. With challenging analog circuit design problems and few analog design engineers, there are economic reasons for automating the analog design process, especially time-to-market considerations. Techniques for analog circuit design automation began appearing about two decades ago. These methods incorporated heuristics [6], knowledge bases [1], simulated annealing [5], and other algorithms. Efforts using techniques from evolutionary computation began appearing over the last few years. These include the use of genetic algorithms to select electronic component values (for example, the resistance value of a resistor), to select circuit topologies, and to design amplifiers using a limited set of canned topologies [4]. A genetic programming-based analog circuit design system has been demonstrated in which the circuit sizes, component values, and the circuit topologies are determined automatically [3]. The genetic-algorithm systems typically represent circuit structures as vectors of parameters encoded in binary strings, while the genetic programming system manipulates tree data structures.


? Moreover, it lacks,the characteristic pain in, behind, and on movement of, the eyes found in sandfly fever. Anorexia is invariable and far greater than in sand-fly fever; in fact the importance of the initial anorexia cannot be over-emphasized and is so complete that all food may be refused for two or more days. Disinclination for smoking is also present. Nausea is common, but vomiting unusual. The tongue is clean, but a taste variously described as ' like rubber', ' sour


Several researchers and clinicians have taken advantage of the omentum's rich vascular arcades to support skin grafts. We have previously described an experimental model using the omentum as a vascular carrier for prefabricated free flaps in the rat. In this study, we used this model to compare three different sizes of free flaps using the same size omental carrier. Twenty‐four male Sprague‐Dawley rats were used for this study. A 2.5 × 4 cm patch of omentum with gastroepiploic vessels and its rich vascular arcades was transferred under a bipedicled 2.5 × 6 cm (group I), a 2.5 × 8 cm (group II), and a 4 × 10 cm (group III) right abdominal panniculocutaneous flap. On the seventh postoperative day, the skin pedicles were divided and the skin flap raised as a composite island flap vascularized only by the underlying omental patch. The composite flap was then sutured back in place. Prefabricated flaps examined 7 days postoperatively demonstrated a dye florescence index percent (DFI) of 38.19 ± 7.52 and 98.13 ± 3.72% flap survival (FS) in the 6 ± 2.5 cm skin flap group; a DFI of 39.96 ± 6.81% and FS 94.88 ± 7.08% in the 8 ± 2.5 skin flap group (P > 0.05) and a DFI 29.71 ± 2.85% and FS 57.06 ± 9.52% in the 10 × 4 cm skin flap group (P < 0.05). India ink injection study and histologic examination confirmed revascularization of the overlying skin at 7 days. This study confirms that omentum can be used as a vascular carrier for prefabricated flaps. However, there is a limit to the size of the flap. A 10 cm2 carrier can support 57% of a 40 cm2 (10 × 4 cm) flap for a total area of 22.8 cm2, more than twice the area of the carrier. © 1994 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.


Competition law has significantly relaxed its position on intellectual property, giving rightholders greater flexibility to make licensing decisions. The new attitude can be partly attributed to increased appreciation of the rationality of actors and partly to the realization that usually, patented inventions have substitutes, that copyrighted material can be re-produced through independent creation, and that these alternatives constrain rightholders' abilities to set high prices or limit output. This paper argues that these analytical approaches are now too readily applied. There are advances protected by intellectual property laws that are unique or that can, through market or government forces, become unique. Examples include human genome sequences and popular computer operating systems. Obviously, assumptions of substitutability do not hold for these works. More subtly, the forces that create uniqueness can undermine assumptions about rational exploitation. The further upstream a discovery lies, or the more complex the protected system is, the more difficult it becomes to conceive of all its possible applications, especially those remote from the rightholder's field of expertise. Those who have that expertise may be barred by the right from gaining enough hands-on experience with the invention to understand how they could use it, or they may lack the motivation to invest in determining whether a particular research strategy is, in fact, workable. Thus, there is significant danger that rights in these works could impede innovation and impair consumer welfare. These observations have several implications. Most significantly, they suggest that greater scrutiny should be given to refusals to deal and licensing should be required in some circumstances. Although compulsory licensing can diminish incentives to innovate, that concern is overblown in this context. To the extent that potential licensees work in areas where the rightholder lacks information, the right holder would not have reaped the rewards of innovating anyway. In effect, a licensing requirement uses the superior knowledge of the potential licensee to correct mistakes caused by the imperfect rationality of the right holder. Enforcement, in short, solves the information asymmetry problem that would otherwise frustrate efficient innovation.


OBJECTIVE: In general, Holland America Line and Seabourn view your participation in social networking sites, blogs, wikis, virtual worlds, personal websites and the like (collectively, "Social Media") positively, respect your right to use them as a medium of self-expression and understand that they can be used as a great tool for engaging with consumers. These guidelines will help ensure that you access and use Social Media in a way that respects the rights of Holland America Line and Seabourn, your fellow employees, customers, company partners and affiliates.


Using CFD software to 3D simulate the airflow in mine roadway,revealed distributive characteristic of airflow velocity in different forms of roadways,analysed the relations between the average of airflow velocity and monitoring data,identifed amendatory coefficient from monitoring data.The result provides strong security for using sensors to monitor airflow flux in roadway.


This study aims at analyzing the effect of government expenditure and
private investment on job opportunity in the main sectors of agriculture, industry,
and service, in Bitung Municipality during 2008-2011 in eight sub-districts. The
study used secondary data, i.e. the combined panel data of time-series and crosssectional
data from each of the sub-districts in Bitung Municipality during 2008-
2011. The data were acquired from some relevant instances, including the Central
Bureau of Statistic in North Celebes province, the Central Bureau of Statistic in
Bitung Municipality, the Local Development Planning Board (Bappeda) in Bitung
Municipality, the Integrated License Service and Capital Investment Board in
Bitung Municipality, the Board of Labor and Transmigration in Bitung
Municipality, and the Board of Financial in Bitung Municipality. The dependent
variables of job opportunities in three main sectors of agriculture, industry, and
service, and the dependent variables of government expenditure and private
investment were examined.
Result of the study indicates that private investment had positive effect on
job opportunities in the three main sectors of agriculture, industry and service,
while government expenditure did not. In agricultural sector, both government
expenditure and private investment did not have significant effect, while in
industrial and service sectors, private investment had significant effect on job
opportunities and government expenditure did not have significant effect.


A Note on the Evidence Introduction 1. Music and Listening, Music and Consciousness 2. Conceptualizing Consciousness 3. The Phenomenology of Everyday Music Listening Experiences 4. Absorption, Dissociation and Trancing 5. Musical and Non-Musical Trancing in Daily Life 6. Imaginative Involvement 7. Musical and Non-Musical Trancing: Similarities and Differences 8. Experiencing Life and Art: Ethological and Evolutionary Perspectives on Transformations of Consciousness 9. Everyday Music Listening Experiences Reframed. Bibliography Index


We present a novel neural radiance model that is trainable in a self-supervised manner for novel-view synthesis of dynamic unstructured scenes. Our end-to-end trainable algorithm learns highly complex, real-world static scenes within seconds and dynamic scenes with both rigid and non-rigid motion within minutes. By differentiating between static and motion-centric pixels, we create high-quality representations from a sparse set of images. We perform extensive qualitative and quantitative evaluation on existing benchmarks and set the state-of-the-art on performance measures on the challenging NVIDIA Dynamic Scenes Dataset. Additionally, we evaluate our model performance on challenging real-world datasets such as Cholec80 and SurgicalActions160.


In this work, we propose a golf training system using real-time visual feedback. The system projects the virtual shadow of the user on the ground in front of the user; this shadow provides feedback to the user without form collapse. Additionally, an expert's contour is overlaid on the virtual shadow of the user to make them aware of the difference between their form and that of the expert. In this system, the user can receive feedback with a fixed face orientation according to the actual golf swing; such feedback cannot be realized in systems projecting feedbacks on a wall. Moreover, by imitating the shadows already used in conventional golf training, the cost of adaptation to this training system can be reduced.


In recent years, the number of new entrepreneurs has been growing particularly among young people and minorities. The young minority entrepreneur is a distinct sub-set within the category of young entrepreneurs because he faces additional social and cultural barriers, limited economic and resource access and availability, discrimination and even outright racism not experienced by mainstream entrepreneurs. In this review, we have found it necessary to distinguish between two groups of minorities: the 'immigrant minority' and the 'local ethnic minority' who might or might not be a numerical minority but who live under the constraints of a ruling hegemony, a distinction which has profound consequences on entrepreneurial activity. To provide an overview of the updated understanding of the young minority entrepreneur as well as to refine some critiques. This article is based on a review of nearly one hundred academic papers, reports, and books in the field. Entrepreneurship can be the result either of a free positive choice or a necessary escape strategy of survival for those who have no option of salaried work opportunities. It brings into play personal traits, education and environmental support or constraints.


The excitonic spectra of Zn1−xCoxO in magnetic field are studied theoretically. Our model takes into account the full hexagonal symmetry of electron states, the electron‐hole exchange coupling and the s,p‐d interaction of free carriers with the localized Co2+ ions. The absorption curves for various magnetic fields are obtained by diagonalizing the multiband excitonic equation using the Lanczos reduction method.


We discuss an implementation of a hot-electron transition-edge sensor (TES) capable of counting THz photons. The main need for such a THz calorimeter is spectroscopy on future space telescopes with a background limited NEP/spl sim/10/sup -20/ W/Hz/sup 1/2/. The micromachined bolometers will unlikely reach such sensitivity at temperatures above 10 mK. The hot-electron TES with sufficient sensitivity will still have a time constant /spl sim/0.1-1.0 ms that is too short for integrating a flux of THz background photons arriving at a rate of <100 s/sup -1/. The Hot-Electron Photon Counter based on a submicron-size superconducting Ti bridge with Nb Andreev contacts will be able to detect individual photons above 170 GHz due to its very low heat capacity. A discrimination of the low energy fluctuations with a threshold device would allow for realization of an NEP/spl sim/10/sup -20/ W/Hz/sup 1/2/ at /spl ges/1 THz while operating at 300 mK. With the sensor time constant of a few microseconds, the dynamic range is /spl sim/30-40 dB. A compact array of the antenna-coupled counters can be fabricated on a silicon wafer without membranes.


Abstract : We extend the limiting lagrangean equation limit as theta approaches 0(+) sup over Lambda inf over x as elements of K f0(x) + theta (wx + w1) + sum over has elements of H of lambda h fh(x) = v(P), and the results on affine supports from which it was deduced, to a very general setting that subsumes the previous constraint qualifications. A simple example shows the need for some constraint qualification. (Author)


With much emphasis on inter-communicable channel between the art and its appreciators enjoyable for broader roles, the 21st-century new media has made it possible for the conventional recipients to be positioned in a more subjective and active manner. In other words, the viewer approaches, setting apart from the passive recipient visually and aesthetically, toward the active practitioner affordable for interactive communications with the artworks, while playing a role in jointly participating their artistic creation. The trend, which was achievable through a series of experimental trials in the interactive art world oriented for inter-communications, paves the way for bridging the scope of art with new media eventually to cause the diversified representation and expended communications with the viewer. A drawing deemed as the basic expression for the art becomes also expendable for so-called 'digital drawing' by adopting digital technology in various sectors such as art, design and video. In this regard, the current study aims at identifying the ongoing 'drawing', by utilizing digital technology, which is now shifting to the open form of non-materialism. To begin with, it provides the characteristics and phenetic elements of digital drawing shown together with digital technology including the analytical difference between interaction viewed from the contemporary art and interaction from the interactive art. "Drawing Cube 2008" as an interactive digital drawing was designed, under such objectives, the details of which were introduced in the study, enabling the viewer to take part in the digital drawing. Its methodological ways include projection of a variety of lines by perceiving the viewer's motion, their accumulation and repetition through the viewer's participation to allow new drawing reborn. In consequence, interdisciplinary communications are interactively possible between the art and the viewer; the artist and the viewer; the viewer and the viewer. When successful in finding out the correlation of expressional techniques in drawing and study on interactive elements in the course of creating the work based on interactive digital drawing, the futuristic orientation in my works could be expectedly directed to a new dimension.


Abstract The purpose of the present study was to develop and optimize sertaconazole microemulsion-loaded hydrogel (STZ ME G) to enhance the dermal delivery and skin retention of the drug. Following screening of various oils for maximum drug solubility, 12 pseudoternary phase diagrams were constructed using oils (Peceol®, Capryol® 90), surfactants (Tween® 80, Cremophor® EL), a cosurfactant (Transcutol® P) and water. A 21 × 31 × 21 × 31 full factorial design was employed to optimize a ME of desirable characteristics. The MEs were formulated by varying the oil type, oil concentration, surfactant type and surfactant: cosurfactant ratio. Optimized ME formulae F22 [5% Peceol®, 55% Tween® 80: Transcutol® (1:2), 40% water] and F31 [5% Peceol®, 55% Cremophor® EL: Transcutol® (1:2), 40% water] acquired mean droplet size of 75.21 and 8.68 nm, and zeta potential of 34.65 and 24.05 mV, respectively. Since F22 showed higher STZ skin retention during ex vivo studies (686.47 μg/cm2) than F31 (338.11 μg/cm2); hence it was incorporated in 0.5% Carbopol 934 gel to augment STZ skin retention capability. STZ ME G exhibited higher STZ skin retention (1086.1 μg/cm2) than the marketed product "Dermofix® cream" (270.3 μg/cm2). The antimycotic activity against C.albicans revealed increased zones of inhibition for F22 and STZ ME G (35.75 and 30.5 mm, respectively) compared to Dermofix® cream (26 mm). No histopathological changes were observed following topical application of STZ ME G on rats' skin (n = 9). Overall, the obtained results confirmed that the fabricated formulation could be a promising vehicle for the dermal delivery of STZ.


Results of research the separation of aluminium and iron chlorides after dissolution the boehmite-kaolinite bauxites in hydrochloric acid are presented. The conditions influencing on the content of main impurity in aluminum chloride hexahydrate are studied. Various approaches on washing the received crystals from uterine solution are investigated. The received results allow to receive the aluminum chloride hexahydrate, necessary for further thermohydrolysis within hydrochloric acid technology of receiving metallurgical alumina.


Biomass is a promising resource for the production of renewable energy, liquid fuels, and chemicals. Microwave pyrolysis is one of the directions of multifunctional conversion of raw materials. In the present work, the effect of microwave power on the characteristics of sawdust pyrolysis is studied. With an increase in power, the maximum yield of combustible gases increased, and a large proportion of the total pyrolysis time included the useful time for the release of gases. An increase in power affected the yield of individual gases non-linearly and on a different scale. The average yield of CO and CO2 remained practically unchanged when the microwave power was increased from 840 to 1760 W. However, with a further increase in power to 2200 W, there was a significant increase in the average yield of CO and CO2 (2.5 and 1.4 times, respectively). An increase in power by 2.6 times contributed to an increase in the average yield of CH4 by 5 times and H2 by 3.8 times. The increased power of microwaves contributed to the degassing of wood and intensification of secondary pyrolysis reactions, which resulted in a decrease in the mass of the solid residue by 5.3 times and a decrease in the liquid product yield by 2.7 times. A comprehensive analysis using MCDA showed that an increase in energy costs with an increase in microwave power is integrally compensated by an improvement in pyrolysis performance. So, when the power was varied from 840 W to 2200 W, the pyrolysis efficiency indicator increased by 1.3–2.2 times, considering the growth in energy consumption.