We present a measure of the hard (2-8 keV) X-ray luminosity function (XLF) of AGNs up to z ∼ 5. At high redshifts, the wide area coverage of the Chandra Multiwavength Project is crucial to detect rare and luminous (LX > 1044 ergs s−1) AGNs. The inclusion of samples from deeper published surveys, such as the Chandra Deep Fields, allows us to span the lower LX range of the XLF. Our sample is selected from both the hard (z < 3, f2–8 keV > 6.3 × 10−16 ergs cm −2 s−1) and soft (z > 3, f0.5–2.0 keV > 1.0 × 10−16 ergs cm −2 s−1) energy band detections. Within our optical magnitude limits (r′, i′ < 24), we achieve an adequate level of completeness (>50%) regarding X-ray source identification (i.e., redshift). We find that the luminosity function is similar to that found in previous X-ray surveys up to z ∼ 3 with an evolution dependent on both luminosity and redshift. At z > 3, there is a significant decline in the numbers of AGNs with an evolution rate similar to that found by studies of optically selected QSOs. Based on our XLF, we assess the resolved fraction of the cosmic X-ray background, the cumulative mass density of SMBHs, and the comparison of the mean accretion rate onto SMBHs and the star formation history of galaxies as a function of redshift. A coevolution scenario up to z ∼ 2 is plausible, although at higher redshifts the accretion rate onto SMBHs drops more rapidly. Finally, we highlight the need for better statistics of high-redshift AGNs at z ≳ 3, which is achievable with the upcoming Chandra surveys.


The debate over suitable indigenous recognition in a future preamble to the Australian Constitution is a classic study in bridging (or not bridging) gulfs between indigenous and non-indigenous realities. A comparison is made between current debate in Australia and similar issues in Thule, Greenland.


Lynne Garner looks at the history of masks, their purpose in past and modern societies, and how to have fun making them.


Influences of root pruning treatment on shoot and root growth were examined, using young tea plants (Camellia sinensis (L.) O. Kunsze cv. Yabukita). Morphological and functional properties of new roots (white root) were investigated from December to the following July, using 4-year-old plants treated in late August. Relationship between root growth and yield, and root pruning were studied by the different methods (5 times and intensities) of root pruning. High aged and thick roots generated numerous white roots after decapitated by root pruning (Table 1.). The white roots grew more thickly and long than these on intact roots in the control plot, showing poor curvature and branching (Fig. 2). The white roots showed a high level of the activity by TTC reduction and uptake rate of nitrogen during winter season. But, thereafter, their both functions steeply lowered during the first crop season, so that fell below the similar roots in control plot in the successive summer crop season (Figs. 3, 4). The white root, however, maintained the activity of apex and respiratory rate that exceeded the similar roots in the control plot over the whole experimental period (Figs. 3, 5). This suggests that the deterioration in their some functions during and after the first crop season partially attributes to morphological properties, namely, poor branching and so on. The root pruning caused a decrease in lignified root despite treatment times (Jul. to Nov.) but induced 10-40% increase in white roots except the treatment in late November, so that percentage of the white root to total root weight rose by 10-20% relatively to the control plot (Fig. 6, Table 3). The most excellent regeneration of roots was observed in 40-60% root pruning plots (Fig. 7). In the first crop season after root pruning, total shoot weight per plant compared poorly with the control plot regardless of treatment times (Table 4). From the results above, appreciate root pruning was concluded to be effective to induce active growth of roots and to rejuvenate root system. Crop productivity has been also estimated to annually rise with development of the rejuvenated root system although that considerably decreased in the first year following to root pruning treatment.


Structural geometry and stochastic loads such as swell and wind seas can typically induce multiaxial stress states in welded details of marine structures. It is known that such complex time varying stress states determine the fatigue resistance of welded steel joints. Therefore, it is of importance to account for them in fatigue lifetime assessment. Over the past few decades, a wide variety of design codes and guidelines have been developed for performing fatigue assessments in engineering practice. In particular for multiaxial fatigue lifetime assessment, additional methods have been developed. These multiaxial fatigue methods are typically developed within academia. A consensus on the most suitable approach for the assessment of multiaxial fatigue in marine structures is lacking. This requires thorough investigation of all different approaches, and equitable comparison and validation with experimental data. Establishing a test setup that enables to test multiaxial fatigue of welded marine structures, is however time and cost intensive. Therefore, experimental multiaxial fatigue data is scarce.


ABSTRACT We present results of a regional comparative study of surface mass changes from 2004 to 2008 based on Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE), The Ice, Cloud and Land Elevation Satellite (ICESat) and CHINARE observations over the Lambert Glacier/Amery Ice Shelf system (LAS). Estimation of the ICESat mass change rates benefitted from the density measurements along the CHINARE traverse and a spatial density adjustment method for reducing the effect of spatial density variations. In the high-elevation inland region, a positive trend was estimated from both ICESat and GRACE data, which is in line with the CHINARE accumulation measurements. In the coastal region, there were areas with high level accumulations in both ICESat and GRACE trend maps. In many high flow-speed glacier areas, negative mass change rates may be caused by dynamic ice flow discharges that have surpassed the snow accumulation. Overall, the mass change rate estimate in the LAS of 2004–2008 from the GRACE, ICESat and CHINARE data is 5.41 ± 4.59 Gt a−1, indicating a balanced to slightly positive mass trend. Along with other published results, this suggests that a longer-term positive mass trend in the LAS may have slowed in recent years.


The policy of assigning university students to be grassroot officials and that of delegating cadres to lower level in Nanping has something in common: the same policy and value orientation,the identical assigning entities,the widely-acknowledged delegating policy by the society,the efficient policy implementation,the strong support to the policy.Meanwhile,the policy of delegating cadres to lower level in Nanping has a salutary lesson to the policy of assigning university students to be grassroot officials,who find comfort in spirit,and efficiently solve the problems of narrow fields in assigning and inappropriate majors in working,so as to further reinforce the working efficiency of the university students as grassroot officials,strengthen their consciousness of duty and power,and open a new way of promoting the cadres to the lower level.


Agriculture in the modern world is closely connected with sheep breeding, which is more often aimed at dairy productivity. Inflammation of the udder lobes, the so-called mastitis, is the most common problem. The culling of sheep due to mastitis, unfortunately, occurs for justified reasons, since it is almost impossible to completely get rid of this disease, due to possible complica-tions of the disease (atrophy, induration, fibrosis of the udder lobes), as well as the treatment of animals in most cases leads to a deterioration in productivity. Mainly young animals with a high genetic potential of milk productivity suffer from this pathology. In most cases, according to our research, subclinical mastitis passes into the clinical phase, with pronounced symptoms of udder lobe dam-age, which can later lead to atrophy and other irreversible complications. Mastitis in productive animals, if we consider the economic damage in farms, leads to a decrease in the productivity of the dairy herd, which is associated with the loss of milk in production, and to a decrease in milk yield due to the presence of impurities and inhibitory substances throughout the treatment and for some time after it. In sheep that have undergone subclinical mastitis, there is a deterioration in the quality characteristics of the products. Milk yield for lactation, as a percentage, milk production becomes 15-20% less. Prevention of subclinical mastitis, timely diagnosis and highquality treatment is an urgent task. The main purpose of this article is to consider the need to improve the effectiveness in the treatment of mastitis, thanks to the use of complex etiotropic therapy, which will ensure the absence of inhibitory substances and allow further sales of products without restrictions, which will increase the economic well-being of the economy, including at cost.


Two phthalocyanines (Pcs) with either a zinc or a ruthenium metal at the center of the macrocycle have been functionalized by a cholesteryl oleate moiety. The potential photosensitizers (PSs) for the treatment of cutaneous leishmaniasis have been studied on their photophysical properties and their ability to generate singlet oxygen. These experiments corroborate that solvent mixtures containing variable ratios of THF and water impact the excited state deactivation. The compounds were used preloaded into LDL particles and their phototoxic activity was evaluated in a preliminary way.


An alkylcopper-magnesium complex, prepared from alkylmagnesium bromide, copper(I) iodide, and hexamethylphosphoric triamide in tetrahydrofuran, is described as a reagent for the syn-SN2′ displacement of the allylic lactonic oxygen in gibberellin A3 methyl ester (13). The resultant 2α-alkyl-1(10)-enes (24), (27), and (29) have been converted by known procedures into 2α-methyl (7), 2α-ethyl (9), and 2α-propyl (11) derivatives of gibberellin A1(2). The 2α-ethyl (5) and 2β-ethyl (6) derivatives of gibberellin A4(1) have been prepared by 13-deoxygenation of the corresponding derivatives of gibberellin A1(2). The direct preparation of 2α-alkyl derivatives of gibberellin A4 by syn-SN2′ displacement of the allylic lactonic oxygen in the 3-tetrahydropyranyl ether of gibberellin A7 methyl ester (15) with lithium dialkylcuprates works for methyl but not for higher alkyl groups. Attempts to prepare 2-methylgibberellin A3 and 2-methylgibberellin A7 gave the 2-methyl isomeric lactones (58) and (60).


The paper aims to analyze the European economic scenario and to provide forecasts about the future of the common currency, the euro, at the light of the recent economic and financial crisis. At first, the paper discusses the theoretical background used to explain thecrisis. Then it illustrates the trend of some of the main economic indicators useful to describe how the crisis has affected Europe as a whole and every Member States. Finally, some concluding remarks are provided.


The current revitalization of the American labour movement is driven primarily by two forces: from above, new strategic leadership in some unions and at the American Federation of Labor and Congress of Industrial Organizations (AFL-CIO), ready to offer institutional support for local efforts to organize, build coalitions and expand the scope of grass-roots politics; from below, renewed interest in rank-and-file activism and participation. We call these two forces institutional support and network mobilization, and we find indications of their overriding importance in all six union strategies on which our case-study research focuses: organizing, political action, coalition building, labour-management partnership, organizational change and international solidarity.


On the finalized RVK conversion process at the Library of the University of Applied Sciences Burgenland in Eisenstadt. In 2008 the library of the University of Applied Sciences Burgenland at Eisenstadt started with the conversion to the Regensburger Verbundklassifikation (RVK) as shelf classification. This conversion was finalized in the last summer (2011) successfully. The article briefly illustrates the workflow and the solving of some occurred problems.


85 Website: www.ijbmr.forexjournal.co.in Unlocking the Cult of Early-Stage High-Tech Startup Founders ░ ABSTRACT: In this paper, we unlock the cult of high-tech startup founders by taking a sample case study and observing various early-stage founders. Performing ethnographic studies has pointed us in the direction to use patents as a qualifier for technological credibility which serves as an inspiration to such startup founders. When the newbie startup founders are seeking funding, they need to define traits of the success laid out by top high-tech companies that were once startups. We observed 300 early-stage high-tech startup founders around the world, while some of them were in college, some quit college and others start after getting substantial work experience. The high-tech startup world is full of innovative ideas to solve big problems and introduce the workable tech solution to their respective markets. We performed a case study of an early-stage startup that won an innovation challenge and how they struggled to reach credibility and revenue success. Overall, we define this outcome as a cult among the early-stage high-tech startup founders while unlocking revenue success, patenting to scale innovation and human element.


This article takes listed companies in Shenzhen & Shanghai A-stock markets from 2007 to 2015 as a research sample, and empirically studies the influence of the red-hat executives and corporate lawsuit on its commercial credit. The results show that the average number of the companies' senior executives with red-hat has significantly decreased after 2013.The red-hat executives can really promote the company's commercial credit, and corporate litigation has negatively affected the company's commercial credit. At the same time, the negative effect of lawsuit is more significant than the positive effect of the executive's red-hat status.


FARMERS clear land for several reasons: They cannot buy or rent additional land to add to their tilled areas. They want to enlarge, consolidate, or reshape fields so as to make more efficient use of tractor-drawn equipment. They need to re aline fields in order to carry out such conservation practices as contouring. They wish to obtain more land suited to production of crops like tobacco, rice, citrus fruits, and certain vegetables. The clearing of forests in some areas may be related to improvement of pastures. Land clearing in the southern Piedmont is associated with changes in type of farming, in which greater emphasis is given to livestock production and less to crops, such as cotton, grown for sale. Ranchers in central Florida are clearing land to establish improved pastures that will complement the grazing of native grasses. Clearing land for farms and homes has been continuous since colonial times. The original forests of the United States covered an estimated 820 million acres, not counting about 84 million acres of arid woodland. Only about 25 million acres were cleared before 1790. About 150 million acres of the eastern forest area had been cleared for farmland by 1880. Much good timber was burned and destroyed because there was no market for it and the trees stood in the way of cultivation. An estimated 250 million acres in the originally forested areas east of the Great Plains have been cleared and were farmed in 1958, In the West, 6 million to 7 million acres had to be cleared before they could be irrigated. Unirrigated crops, pastures, and farmsteads in the West take up an additional 25 to 30 million acres of cleared land. Another 30 million acres or more of cleared land are used for cities, roads, and other built-up or developed areas. Thus about 310 to 320 million acres of originally forested land are now in farming and other nonforest uses. Probably as much as 75 million acres of formerly cleared land have reverted to forest and brush. An undetermined additional area of idle cleared land that is no longer a part of existing farms is located in the originally forested areas. Some of this idle land is held for urban development. Other idle lands are kept open for recreational and other purposes. Still other areas will revert to forest in time. Until the early part of the present century, the forest area declined steadily. During the last 50 years in the country as a whole, however, land reverting to forest has exceeded the acreage of land that was being cleared.


The invention discloses a front anti-collision beam, a frame and an automobile with the front anti-collision beam and the frame. The front anti-collision beam comprises a body. The body comprises an upper plate, a lower plate, a first lateral plate, a second lateral plate and a middle plate, wherein the lower plate is arranged below the upper plate; the first lateral plate is connected between the front end of the first lateral plate and the front end of the second lateral plate, the second lateral plate is connected between the rear end of the first lateral plate and the rear end of the second lateral plate, the middle plate is arranged between the upper plate and the lower plate and is respectively connected with the first lateral plate and the second lateral plate, and the thickness of the middle plate, the thickness of the upper plate and the thickness of the lower plate are almost the same. According to the front anti-collision beam, because the upper plate, the middle plate and the lower plate are designed to be of the same-thickness structure, the front anti-collision beam is easier formed by extrusion in a bending mode, and a lightweight design is achieved under the premise that the requirements for collision energy absorption are met.


Abstract : The protection against the effects of headward acceleration afforded the human by his immersion in water to the level of the xyphoid and to the third rib at the sternum has been assayed in 15 trained centrifuge subjects. Variations in ear opacity, ear opacity pulse, heart rate, respiration and reaction times to auditory and visual stimuli were recorded continuously in a series of 15 subjects during 15-second exposures to acceleration while seated in a steel tub mounted in the cockpit of the Mayo centrifuge. No systematic alterations in the general pattern, characterized by a period of failure during the first 5 to 10 seconds followed by cardiovascular compensation and recovery from visual symptoms during the latter part of the exposure were observed during immersion in water. The decrements in ear opacity associated with the various degrees of visual impairment were closely similar; however, the decrements in ear opacity pulse and increments in heart rate were significantly less during immersion in water than when in air. (Author)


Chalcone has a variety of interesting biological activities, including as an antioxidant and anticancer. Antioxidants are molecules that can retard or prevent the oxidation process or inhibit the formation of free radicals. p-Hydroxy-m-Methoxy Chalcone (pHmMC) is a chalcone derivative reported has anticancer activity both in used single and in combination treatment with Doxorubicin (DOX) in breast cancer cell lines. DOX is one of the chemotherapy agents widely used in cancer treatment but the medicine has side effects of cardiotoxicity. This effect is generally associated with free radical formation. This study aims to find out the activity of pHmMC as an antioxidant both in used single and in combination treatment with DOX by in vitro and to explore the potential of pHmMC as an antioxidant by in silico. Activity tests as antioxidants were measured by 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) test. Ascorbic acid (Vitamin C) was used as a positive control. Antioxidant activity was calculated as the value of 50% Inhibition Concentration (IC50). In silico study was carried out by molecular docking using Protein Ligand ANT System (PLANTS) software with peroxiredoxin 5 [1HD2] as the target. The results showed that the IC50 values of pHmMC, DOX, and Vitamin C were 11.9; 21.6 and 3.3 μ/mL respectively. The combination of pHmMC-DOX has a higher antioxidant activity than single pHmMC or single DOX. The docking molecular showed that there were similarities amino acids involved in the interaction between PRDX5[1HD2]-pHmMC and PRDX5[1HD2]-DOX. This research indicated that pHmMC and pHmMC-DOX are potentially developed as an antioxidant.


We report the synthesis and the in vitro insulin releasing and glucose uptake activity of the morpholino thiazolyl-2,4-thiazolidinediones (1-15). Compounds 5, 11–15 (at lower concentration; 0.001 mg/ml) were able to increase insulin release in the presence of 5.6 mmol/l glucose. The compounds, except derivative 3 show an increase of glucose uptake. Various compounds are interesting potential antidiabetic leads showing pancreatic and extrapancreatic effects.


Epidemiology is the basic science of public health, because it is the science that describes the relationship of health and/or disease with other health-related factors in human populations, such as human pathogens. Furthermore, epidemiology has been used to generate much of the information required by public health professionals to develop, implement, and evaluate effective intervention programmes for the prevention of disease and promotion of health, such as the eradication of smallpox, the anticipated eradication of polio and guinea worm disease, and the prevention of heart disease and cancer. Unlike pathology, which constitutes a basic area of knowledge, and cardiology, which is the study of a specific organ, epidemiology is a philosophy and methodology that can be applied to learning about and resolving a very broad range of health problems. It is not enough to know what the various study designs and statistical methodologies are. The 'art' of epidemiology is knowing when and how to apply the various epidemiological strategies creatively to answer specific health questions. The uses and limitations of the various epidemiological study designs are presented in this chapter to illustrate and underscore the fact that the successful application of epidemiology requires more than a knowledge of study designs and epidemiological methods. These designs and methods must be applied appropriately, creatively, and innovatively if they are to yield the desired information. The field of epidemiology has been expanding dramatically over the last three decades, as epidemiologists have demonstrated new uses and variations of traditional study designs and methods (Pearce, 2012). We can anticipate that the scope of epidemiology will expand even more in the future as increasing numbers of creative epidemiologists develop innovative new strategies and techniques. The chapters in this section present detailed discussions of the principles and methods of epidemiology. In this introductory chapter, I will attempt to define epidemiology, to present ways in which epidemiology is used in the advancement of public health, and finally, to discuss the range of applications of epidemiological methodologies. What is epidemiology? There are many definitions of epidemiology, but every epidemiologist will know exactly what it is that he or she does. Defining epidemiology is difficult primarily because it does not represent a body of knowledge, as does, for example,


A FAIRLY ACCURATE FORECAST of the long-run trend in occupations would be of especial significance for employment counsellors and school executives, but it is a matter of concern also for all who formulate or influence economic policy. What are the trends during recent decades? Is there reason for anticipating that the war will modify fundamentally the directions in which our occupation trends have been going? History points out with reasonable certainty that other wars in which the United States has participated have hastened or retarded certain economic and social trends; but the general direction of such trends has not been basically modified by war. It may be suggested that social and economic trends are fundamentally the result of technological changes or of modifications in the ways in which mankind gets a living and associates together. Trends are changed in direction, or slowed down by such obstacles as customs, habits, institutions, vested interests, and the desire for security which leads men and women to cling to the familiar. Certain European countries which have been occupied by military forces and devastated by the conflict may undergo revolutionary changes in the postwar period. The cities and the countrysides of this nation have not suffered from bombing or the presence of hostile military forces. The United States, unlike many other countries, is a young nation with considerable natural resources and with a population not overly large or rapidly increasing. The United States has not benefited in a relatively large measure from the exploitation of undeveloped colonies or other areas. Certain Euro-


Objective To study the relationship between carotid atherosclerosis and cerebral infarction recurrence.Methods Carotid atherosclerosis was assessed using Doppler ultrasonography in 278 patients with cerebral infarction.The duration of follow-up was 18 months,and the characteristics of carotid atherosclersis was compared between patients with and without recurrent cerebral infarction.Results The incidence rates of hypertension,hyperlipemia and diabetes mellitus were significantly higher in the patients with recurrent cerebral infarction than in the patients without recurrent cerebral infarction (P 0.05 ,P 0.01).The recurrence rate was significantly higher in the severe carotid stenosis group and the moderate carotid stenosis group than in the normal carotid group and the carotid slight stenosis group.The recurrence rate was significantly higher in the unstable carotid plaques group than in the normal carotid group and the stable carotid plaques group (P 0.05).Conclusions There is a positive correlation between carotid atherosclerosis and cerebral infarction recuurrence.The severity of carotid atherosclerosis is a risk factor for cerebral infarction recurrence,and serves as a predictor of cerebral infarction recurrence.


ABSTRACT A rapid and simple analytical method without pretreatment, based on gradient LC/MS with a disposable microcolumn, has been developed to determine B group vitamins in urine. Urine samples were directly injected to the disposable home-made microcolumn. A 5 cm silica capillary with a sintered silica frit was placed in the microcolumn outlet. A 1/32 inch coupling union with graphite Vespel ferrules was used to give a safe and void volume free connection between the 5 cm capillary and a long capillary to the electrospray interface. The microcolumn can be emptied after being used for a series of urine samples, and repacked with fresh stationary phase. Healthy volunteers swallowed an overdose of vitamin pills, and the urine samples were collected 1,2,3,5, and 8 hours after swallowing. Vitamins immediately showed up in urine, hit the maximum, and disappeared swiftly. This technique is expected to have some application for clinical purposes.


A Mobile Ad Hoc Network (MANET) is a collection of mobile nodes (hosts) which communicate with each other via wireless links either directly or relying on other nodes such as routers. The network nodes in MANET are free to move randomly therefore, the network topology of a MANET may change rapidly and unpredictably. Due to the dynamic change in topology finding route is very difficult. Some nodes misbehave as they participate in route establishment phase but refuse to forward the data packets to converse their own energy. For detecting routing misbehavior in MANET lots of techniques are there such as watch-dog, path rater, TWOACK, End to End ACK scheme. But due to few disadvantages in the above scheme we propose a new scheme called 2ACK. Mobile Ad hoc networks (MANETs) are an infrastructure less, self configuring network. These networks can be setup easily anywhere and anytime without any base infrastructure, thus they have proved to be very efficient is rescue related areas like flood and fire. MANETs are now extended to be used in military and law enforcement. MANETs still face the major problem of security and privacy, especially when used in sensitive areas of computing. Secure routing protocols have been developed to provide various levels of security and privacy in the past.


Many organisations realise that data governance (DG) as a promising method of keeping data as a valuable asset (Otto 2011a, 2011b). Kitchenham and Charters (2007) suggest that a systematic literature review (SLR) is a strategy of assessing and interpreting all existing papers that are pertinent to the study. Siddaway (2014) explains an SLR as a method that addresses problems resulting from conflicting findings, produced by researchers. Piper (2013) points out that SLR permits complete, unbiased and literature-wide assessment of study results, design and quality. Okoli (2015) argues in detail that an SLR when properly done is valuable and turns into a highly cited part of the study that researchers pursue when undertaking a new investigation. Furthermore, such freestanding reviews summarise the evidence that is available to identify gaps in a research. The SLR method identifies, integrates and critically evaluates such findings. Background: This study aimed to investigate data governance (DG) related to challenges associated with healthcare information systems (HIS), by reviewing guidelines emerging from academic sources as part of a consolidated systematic literature review (SLR). The research contributed theoretically towards the body of knowledge, by reviewing challenges and guidelines related to DG within the healthcare environment. It contributed practically to the body of knowledge through understanding the healthcare information's systems status. The study also contributed methodologically and significantly to SLR strategies. Objectives: The objective of this study was to understand the features of HIS; acquire information about DG success and understand the influence noted on DG. Method: The study conducted an SLR over the period 2010–2020. Literature collection was not only restricted to South African publications but was extended to international sources. This study adapted a mono method. Results: The study revealed that many organisations have realised that the only method to fix the data problem is the implementation of effective DG. With the increased adoption and rise of cloud computing, DG is gaining interest amongst specialists. Conclusion: The shift from paper-based systems led organisations to seek organisational change through digital transformation. The proper collection and utilisation of electronic healthcare record is the foundation of the digital healthcare. Many organisations value DG as a promising method of maintaining data as a valuable asset.


This study attempted to explain the promotion system and changes in China's publishing policy during the 13th 5-year rule period (2016-2020) and the 14th 5-year rule period (2021-2025) through literature analysis of Chinese publishing policy documents, academic research, and reporting. First of all, China's publishing-related ministries continue to support the publishing industry and public libraries during the 12th five-year period, expanding reading infrastructure in rural areas, and support overseas publications. In addition, the reading rate of Chinese people is also increasing along with the increase in the publication of paper and e-books by domestic Chinese publishers. In addition, since the Central Propaganda Department of the Communist Party of China became the responsible department of China's publishing policy from March 2018, China's publishing policy promotion system has strengthened its connection with the Communist Party and Xi Jinping's ideas and policy promotion and education. However, despite the ongoing difficulties of offline bookstores in China due to the discount competition of Chinese e-commerce companies, Chinese publishing ministries do not implement a book sales price system and only local governments in some administrative districts provide subsidies for offline bookstores. In addition, copyright infringement of overseas video content by some Chinese companies and the prohibition of publications criticizing China's political and social problems continue.


This paper deals with works for the disposal of sewage from the Hutt Valley. Sewage from the main portion of the district goes through main sewers to three points, previously points of disposal through septic tanks. New pumping stations then deliver by pressure pipeline to the main pumping station where the sewage is macerated and the grit removed. It is then pumped by variable speed pumps through a 51 in diameter prestressed concrete pressure pipeline 11 miles long, and discharged to the sea by gravity flow. Capacity of main pumping station and pipeline is of the order of 38 million gallons per day, A general description of the works is followed by details of special features.


An idea of DBMS application development based on Data Driving is presented on the basis of demands of DBMS application system and the development experiences in this paper. Work principle of trigger in DB and mechanism of Data Driving are described, and a sample application is introduced.


As ever greater pressure is brought to bear by the current economic climate, one simple step may yield a significant release of time and money. Leaders from primary care and the non-prescription medicines industry are in agreement that the time has come to break the national culture of dependency on the NHS, estimated to cost every general practice in England an average of £250000 annually, equivalent to an astonishing £2 billion across primary care. It also actively denies people the confidence to take control of their own, and their families' health and therefore 'the opportunity to set up good behaviours for the longer term' according to Dr Laurence Buckman. This paper examines the role healthcare assistants can play in helping to change this culture.


This paper discusses the DNA career of Michael Heller. Combining his interests in biochemistry and electronics, Heller got in on the ground floor of the biotechnology revolution and helped establish the technology behind DNA microarrays. These dime-sized devices are used to quickly analyze hundreds of DNA samples at a time, to detect genetic diseases and mutations. Also, Heller pushed the technology further. Using silicon for his substrate instead of ordinary glass, he developed a version that lets researchers move DNA molecules around electronically (most biological molecules carry a slight positive or negative electric charge). Concentrating molecules in different microarray locations in this way increases the speed and improves the efficiency of the analyses, allowing different types of genetic tests to be integrated on the same chip. With his outstanding work, he is now one of the top makers of DNA microarrays in the world.


A Whole School Literacy Program is more than the individual planning for each class, reflecting a consensus-based philosophy and stable of practices. It involves overt displays of the productivity of children and considerable interaction between the levels which constitute the primary school. Children's books can provide links to such activity, creating a literacy and cultural environment. We have long been aware of how much children learn from each other. Using this knowledge as part of our ploy to assist children's learning allows for children to access many literacy skills and be stimulated from the ideas of others.


Starting from the famous Nietzschean distinction between not willing and willing Nothing itself, the paper explores the status of nothingness and negativity in Nietzsche's philosophy. It suggests that Nietzsche is not simply hostile to negativity as such, but rather attempts to find a singular articulation of negativity, different from the one that is at stake in "nihilism". This singular articulation of negativity is to be found in Nietzsche's theory of "double affirmation", where negativity is no longer the inevitable obverse side of every positiveness, but rather takes the form of the difference or "boundary" between two things. The paper then goes on to demonstrate how this form of negativity plays an important part in Nietzsche's theory of truth.


Ping Que, a Chinese immigrant, spent several years at Creswick before going to the Northern Territory in 1875. For the next 30 years he was a mainstream mining entrepreneur. He owned a store, several mines at Union Reefs and other places, a hotel and abattoirs, and was a major employer of Chinese labour. He was friendly with other European miners and often had joint ventures with them. This standing with the community was recognised by his appointment to the Mining Board.


The importance of the doctor‐patient relationship and the need for consideration of the interpersonal and family relationships of patients is increasingly being recognized in medicine generally. How is it possible to give students first‐hand experience of such matters? One way is to require students to take a medical history and to pay a visit to the patient's home in order to obtain background information and history from suitable relatives.


Polyvinyl alcohol(PVA) was degraded by ultrasonic field and H_2O_2,and the rusulted macromolecular radical was captured by carbon black,so grafted carbon black was given.The grafted carbon black is of excellent dispersibility. The contribution of ultrasonic field and H_2O_2 to the enhancement of carbon black's dispersibility was studied respectively. The result suggests that the ultrasonic field is more powerful than H_2O_2. The grafted carbon black was characterized by Raman spectrum and TEM.The images showed that polyvinyl alcohol(PVA) were grafted on the surface of carbon black and the conglomeration degree of grafted carbon black decreased apparently.


A case of Tubercular granuloma of the epiglottis is presented. The presenting symptoms were hoarseness and dysphagia, and the laryngoscopic appearance resembled carcinoma. Histological examination of biopsy material was diagnostic, emphasising the difficulty of diagnosis in the general population (JPMA 32:128, 1982).


THYMOMECTOMY VS COMPLETE THYMECTOMY IN EARLY-STAGE NON MYASTHENIC THYMOMAS: A 1 MULTICENTRIC PROPENSITY-SCORE MATCHED STUDY 2 3 Emanuele Voulaz, Gianluca Perroni, Anna Russo, Alexandro Patirelis, Giuseppe Mangiameli, Marco 4 Alloisio, Vincenzo Ambrogi, 5 6 1) Department of Thoracic Surgery, IRCCS Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, Milan, Italy. 7 2) Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University , Milan, Italy. 8 3) Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Thoracic Surgery, Tor Vergata University Polyclinic, 9 Rome, Italy 10 11 12 Corresponding Author 13 Emanuele Voulaz 14 Department of Thoracic Surgery, IRCCS Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, Milan, Italy. 15 Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University , Milan, Italy. 16 17 18 19 Meeting presentation 20 The Article was been presented at 29 Annual Meeting of the European of Thoracic Surgeons – 20/22 June 21 2021 – Brompton Session. 22 23 Total number of words: 4818 24 25 Visual Abstract 26 Key question: 27 Which is the best surgical strategy for early stage non-myasthenic thymoma. 28 Key findings: 29 In our propensity matched comparison was found no difference in term of disease-free and thymoma30 related survival between the study groups. 31 Take-home message: 32 Thymomectomy is a feasible and safe surgical strategy for non-myasthenic thymoma. 33 34 35 36 37 Central Image: Kaplan–Meier curves obtained with propensity score analysis and referred to thymoma38 related survival of early stage non myasthenic thymoma patients stratified according to two surgical 39 approaches (complete thymectomy and thymomectomy; red and blue curves, respectively). 40 41


ALTHOUGH external otitis was recognized a great many years ago (Mayer, 1844) interest was revived in this entity during the years of World War II because of the mass movement of troops and other personnel to areas where the disease is widespread (Collins, 1959; McLaurin, 1954; Rubin, 1958). One such area is the Middle East. The frequency of the affection is relatively high in Israel (Rubin, 1958). We felt that a survey of the present situation is warranted because of the increased incidence in recent years. During a period of 10 months, 128 patients with external otitis were examined and treated in our out-patient clinic. Clinical, bacteriological, social and therapeutic aspects were studied (Man et al. 1966). The purpose of this paper is to present the problem of recurrent inflammation in patients previously treated and cured, and to try to establish why in some patients in whom cure was achieved, the disease nevertheless recurred.


Objective
To compare the efficacy of CT-guided radiofrequency thermocoagulation (RFTC) treatment through the inside and outside of the foramen rotundum for primary trigeminal maxillary neuralgia.

Methods
Forty-eight patients of both sexes, aged 58-75 yr, suffering from primary trigeminal neuralgia the 2nd trigeminal branch pain, scheduled for elective CT-guided trigeminal RFTC, were divided into 2 groups (n=24 each) using a random number table: inside of foramen rotundum group and outside of foramen rotundum group.The needle was inserted until the lateral 1/3 of the foramen rotundum was reached under CT guidance in inside of foramen rotundum group or until the outside of the foramen rotundum was reached in outside of foramen rotundum group.High-temperature RFTC 95 ℃ was performed for 120 s, repeating for 2-3 cycles.The current sensory threshold at different frequencies was measured at 1 day before and after operation.Numeric rating scale score was performed at 1 day, 30 days, 1 yr and 2 yr after operation, effective RFTC treatment was defined as numeric rating scale score≤1, and the condition of postoperative effective RFTC treatment was recorded.The development of adverse reactions such as facial hematoma, corneal ulcer, injuring the other branch and cerebrovascular accidents was recorded.

Results
Compared with outside of foramen rotundum group, the current sensory threshold on the affected side at frequency of 2 000 Hz was significantly increased at 1 day after operation, the rate of effective RFTC treatment was increased 2 yr after operation (P 0.05).

Conclusion
The long-term curative effect of CT-guided RFTC treatment for primary trigeminal maxillary neuralgia through the inside of the foramen rotundum is better than that through the outside of foramen rotundum.

Key words:
Electrocoagulation; Trigeminal neuralgia; Foramen ovale


Graphs are frequently represented and manipulated in the form of arrays encoding their adjacency matrices. Programs that operate on these arrays, for example, using linear algebra operations to encode graph algorithm primitives, can benefit from optimization techniques such as operation and loop fusion, data layout tuning, and other classical compilation methods. To support the construction of sound transformations and optimizations we present HAL (Hierarchical Array Language), a typed language for array processing. HAL provides first class index spaces, programming via type-directed transformations, and an expressive type-system that allows for encoding data structure properties. We show laws that can be derived for HAL to establish a basis for many semantics preserving transformations. This work also briefly introduces methods for expressing computations over these types via higher order functions.


The goal of the work was to improve the results of treatment of acute hematogenous osteomyelitis of the bones of the hip joint (CSF KTS) by improving surgical methods. To solve this problem, we examined and treated 134 children with CSO CSF aged 6 to 18 years. According to the type of surgical interventions, patients with CSF CTS are divided into two clinical groups. Group 1 consisted of 53 (39.6%) children who received conventional surgical treatment, group 2 consisted of 81 (60.4%) children who had an autopsy performed by draining osteoperforation of the acetabulum roof. A comparative analysis showed that the greatest number of complications in the long term after discharge of patients from the hospital was noted in the first group. The above allows us to recommend DKVV as a highly effective method of treating CSO CSW in children.


: This paper presents the basic features of Aquinas' theodicy, first indicating some difficulties regarding the problem of evil—or even attempts to implicate God in evil —that have emerged in the wake of scientific achievements, especially in the field of evolutionary biology. What is needed in response to these challenges is an appropriate view of God's causality, which is analogous in character and does not constitute one of many causalities in the world. A correct understanding of the relationship between the First Cause and secondary causes sheds new light on the debate about the Creator's responsibility for evil in the world. For Aquinas, God's action is focused on the good of the whole, which is why the notion of integrity or rectitude, which was already present in Paradise, explains the accidental—not intentional—presence of evil in the world. Against that background, the paper explains God's manner of re-sponding to evil as interpreted by Thomas Aquinas, which consists in conque-ring evil with the greater good, its paradigm being the Incarnation. For a Christian, this is a model example of how a man can conquer evil by strengthening good and persisting in it through cooperation with grace.


To improve cleanliness of hydraulic support systems present coal industry has become an important issue of universal concern.Discusses,in a study of high pressure driving force for the emulsion,the column big cylinder,the surface of the cylinder rotating in a new type of washing machine erosion,and demonstration programs,material selection,structural analysis,parameter setting of a preliminary done try to study,the combination of topics actual manufacturing,assembly to improve the hydraulic support cleanliness,with great practical significance and practical value.


Robotics systems usually comprise sophisticated sensor and actuator systems with no less complex control applications. These systems are subject to frequent modifications and extensions and have to adapt to their environment. While automation systems are tailored to particular production processes, autonomous vehicles must adaptively switch their sensors and controllers depending on environmental conditions. However, when designing and implementing the process control system, traditional control theory focuses on the control problem at hand without having this variability in mind. Thus, the resulting models and implementation artefacts are monolithic, additionally complicating the real-time system design. In this paper, we present a modularisation approach for the design of robotics process control systems, which not only aims for variability at design-time but also for adaptivity at run-time. Our approach is based on a layered control architecture, which includes an explicit interface between the two domains involved: control engineering and computer science. Our architecture provides separation of concerns in terms of independent building blocks and data flows. For example, the replacement of a sensor no longer involves the tedious modification of downstream filters and controllers. Likewise, the error-prone mapping of high-level application behaviour to the process control system can be omitted. We validated our approach by the example of an autonomous vehicle use case. Our experimental results demonstrate ease of use and the capability to maintain quality of control on par with the original monolithic design.


PURPOSE: To produce a baked product while preventing solidification by adding and compounding a medium temp. stable bacteria α-amylase enzyme into the source material of the baked product. CONSTITUTION: A medium temp. stable bacteria α-amylase enzyme (preferably derived from Bacillus megaterium (NCIB No.11568) showing high phadebas activity than >100% at 65 to 72°C and 5.5 to 6.5 pH condition and ≤50% activity at ≥75°C) is added preferably by 3 to 5 units of α-amylase per 1g of flour. Then baked product such as bread is produced. COPYRIGHT: (C)1991,JPO


By defining and optimizing the process used to make a product reliable, and then integrating this process into the basic design process, companies can significantly reduce the amount of time and resources required to achieve world-class reliability. The emerging CALS environment, coupled with effective design and use of relational database tools, is a key enabling technology in the optimization and integration of these processes. By linking a company's data resources and people within a single, consistent user environment, CALS will enable the creation of 'virtual teams' of individuals and organizations that work concurrently to identify and resolve reliability problems more quickly, efficiently and accurately.<<ETX>>


This research examines the challenges of interpreting for unaccompanied child migrants in the United States and the effect of exposure to the traumatic narratives told by these children, as experienced by the interpreters involved. When a traumatic narrative is introduced, over time it has an effect on the emotional and psychological well-being of an interpreter. This study therefore focuses on the coping mechanisms interpreters employ to minimize the effects of long-term exposure to the traumatic content when they work in settings involving migrant children. During the past few decades, a number of studies have been conducted on the emotional and psychological effects of traumatic content on interpreters who work in various contexts, but very few have focused on interactions involving this vulnerable group of migrants. This study uses a qualitative approach in which data were collected through semi-structured interviews with both trained and ad hoc interpreters who work or have worked with unaccompanied children seeking asylum in the United States since the summer of 2014. The study contributes to the growing body of literature on public service interpreting. It does so by offering the interpreter's perspective on the specific challenges and difficulties of interpreting for unaccompanied child migrants in that country who face near-insurmountable systemic barriers and challenges. It sheds light on the delicate nature of interpreting for vulnerable groups, especially children, who are seeking asylum there. Furthermore, it brings into focus the applicable strategies that help interpreters prepare for interpreting traumatic experiences, and also for coping both during the act of interpreting and afterwards.


Summary Fly parasites of the genus Philornis (Anthomyidae) attacking nestling birds have been shown capable of becoming infected with St. Louis and Ilhéus viruses. In one instance, a larva was found positive for St. Louis virus after feeding on a nestling ani that was circulating this virus. In a second case, 2 of 9 adult flies became infected with Ilhéus virus after they had been inoculated as larvae 10 and 11 days previously. Similarly, 6 of 8 adult flies proved positive for St. Louis virus after being inoculated 10 days previously as larvae.


The utility model provides a novel crusher, belonging to a nail puncheon type crusher, which comprises a hydraulic pressure part, a nail plate, and machine frames. The hydraulic pressure part is composed of an electric motor, a pressure oil pump, a hydraulic oil cylinder, the cavity of a piston, and an oil tank. The nail plate is a group of steel puncheons which are arranged to form an array for being fixed on the machine frame according to physical dimension. The upper part of the cavity of the piston is provided with a feed funnel, and the lower part of the cavity of the piston is provided with mesh plates and aggregate ovens. This crusher has the advantages of the adjustable diameter for the grain of crushing, high efficiency, less energy consumption, low powder-making rate, and the crusher is suitable for the crushing of crisp materials such as calcium oxide, coal, and coke, etc.


The paper presents the construction and initial validation data on a new instrument intended to measure empathy in early adolescents. Research on adults mostly supports the hypothesis of a cognitive and an affective component of empathy, but the structure of empathy in children is less clear. In designing this instrument, empathy was conceptualized as rather stable disposition composed of the suggested cognitive and affective dimensions. The questionnaire was administered on two samples of elementary school students (n1 = 202; n2 = 133). Average age in both samples was 12 years, with boys and girls equally represented. The analyses, including EFA, CFA, and validity evidence based on relationships with demographic data and some personality traits, suggest a general empathy factor and a reverse coding method factor. The results are interpreted in light of existing theories and previous empirical findings published on empathy measures, with a special emphasis on methodological issues encountered. Keywords: empathy, dimensionality, early adolescents, CFA


In this chapter, the authors present a formal model of the Anesthesia Unit and
Surgical Wards (UAPQ) of a Chilean hospital. The objective was to document and to
understand its operation, to assist hospital management and to facilitate its simula
-
tion. The model was built with Specification and Description Language (SDL). This
methodology was used because it allows the design of a model that represents the
system in a graphical, modular, and standard way. Our design contains the follow
-
ing agents: the system, 11 blocks, and 52 processes. The blocks and the processes
describe the clinical and administrative activities. The environment of the UAPQ
model contains 3 components: clinical services, emergency units, and support units.


Avocados in South Africa are presently sold as a fresh product, as well as for processing into oil or pulp. A ready to eat cut and peeled product is absent from this portfolio. Previous work in this regard has shown that it is possible to produce a fresh cut and chilled or frozen product. However, to prevent browning, anti-oxidants were used and vacuum packaging to further prevent browning, employed. In the case of the fresh product, tissue collapse and off-taste occurred, due to a suspected endogenous yeast organism. Vacuum packaging may create a food safety risk. The frozen product contained an off-taste when defrosted. To counter these problems, tests were conducted with modified atmosphere packaging, containing decreased oxygen and enhanced carbon dioxide levels. In addition, a pre-ripening carbon dioxide shock treatment to modify the phenolics, was applied. Further, the degree of softness required for the frozen product was investigated and a pasturisation process applied. Results showed that there was no advantage to modified atmosphere packaging, if oxygen was present in the mix. However, the pasturisation process eliminated post production collapse of the fruit, the associated off-tastes, and considerably decreased fruit browning potential, to the point where use of anti-oxidants such as citric acid are unnecessary. These can be used as an optional taste factor, as a taste panel found defrosted frozen product acceptable with and without. The most attractive and versatile product is that of frozen halves and slices, which were deemed by a taste panel, to be acceptable for purchase. ity into the flesh was often prevalent after a number of days. The cause is not known, but may relate to an endogenous pathogen, possibly a yeast or fungus. Tissue tended to collapse and an off-taste developed. The problem needed to be solved for the product to be widely acceptable. In the case of the frozen product, a taste enhancement, perhaps due to phenolics being altered in some way during the freezing and thawing process, could be a problem if the anti-oxidant concentration is reduced. The objectives of the research were thus to improve the products, so that the need for high concentrations of anti-oxidants can be eliminated. At the same time, in the case of the frozen product, the potential taste enhancement after thawing needed to be altered. In addition, a process which did not require a low oxygen or vacuum pack needed to be developed.


Triple helices are classified into two groups according to the composition and orientation of the third strand, namely the pyrimidine motif and the purine motif. These motifs constitute tWQ separate fields of research. It was proposed, based on the alternative design rules, that the two motifs can in fact lead to competing structures. An oligonucleotide system has been designed to demonstrate this competition. Systematic variation of it's components gIVe insight into the requirements for optimal binding of a third strand. A palindromic, homopyrimidine oligonucleotide of 22 bases was designed to form an overlapping 9-base, Watson-Crick (WC), duplex with a partly complementary 22-base purine-rich oligonucleotide. This leaves two free 3' extensions under conditions when only the duplex is stable. If the conditions, however, favour triplex formation the pyrimidine tail can compete with the purine-rich tail as third strand for the duplex forming Hoogsteen or reverse-Hoogsteen hydrogen bonding respectively with the purines in the WC double strand. The underlying triplexes and core duplex were synthesised and characterised as controls. The technique of UV-melting was used to establish phase diagrams (Tm vs pH) to characterise the boundary conditions under which each construct is stable. The effect of pH, counterions, sequence composition and mutations (local base exchange) were evaluated from a comparison of the melting temperatures and the behaviour of the I phase boundaries. The technique of gel-retardation electrophoresis was used to distinguish the duplex from the control purine triplex. This thesis shows that the purine and pyrimidine motifs can compete for the same purine strand of the core double helix and can be converted into each other by just change in pH in the presence of magnesium ions. By systematically replacing thymine with adenine within the reverse-Hoogsteen strand a linear increase in the stability (Tm) of the purine motif is observed. The following trend arises for the increase in stability of the purine motif, listing the most to least preferred triads: A-AT> T-AT = I-AT> C-AT where C is considered a mismatch. These results allow one to specify the rules required for a rational approach to the design of oligonucleotide third strands.


In order to establish veracity, qualitative researchers frequently rely on member checks to insure credibility by giving participants opportunities to correct errors, challenge interpretations and assess results; however, member checks are not without drawbacks. This paper describes an innovative approach to conducting member checks. Six members of a learning organization participated in two group interviews to examine the use of poetry as a method to promote individual and organizational learning. Several weeks later, participants received a copy of their transcripts and were asked to create a "found poem" to reflect their thoughts and feelings about using poetry as a learning tool. There was resonance between the interview themes produced by traditional open coding methods and those using participant-created found poems. However, the found poems added an emotional depth and connection that was missing from the traditional approach of coding qualitative data. This suggests that participant-created found poems can provide an agentic alternative to the usual method of member checking and also expand the notions of aesthetic approaches within qualitative research.


Objective:To study the data collecting from mental assistance hotline for SARS in Beijing to find the psychological changes of the local citizens from the end of April to the first part of June, 2003 Methods:Quantitative statistic and qualitative method were used to analyse the data got from the hotline Result:The data showed there were three psychological phases: panic, irritancy and recovering phases among Beijing citizens during the SARS epidemic The importance of setting a national disasters and crisis intervention system was also pointed out at authors at the end of this paper


After quota time,along with the keen competition of the textiles and clothes,Chinese corporation should change export pattern of low-quality and low-price,make an effort on improving product quality,raise price,strengthen promotion,control much export channel and attempt to go out.


Objective To study X-ray appearance and diagnosis of chest disease due to intravenous heroin abuse.Methods Thirty-five cases of clinically confirmed chest disease due to interavenous heroin abuse are retrospectively analyzed.All of cases had two and more X-ray examinations for chest.Results The first chest film found:lung making manifold (15 cases),cocal lung making reducing (5 cases),multiple patchy shadow (20 cases),small node (13 cases),small cavity (18 cases),pneumatocele (19 cases),pleural effusion (10 cases),peneumothorax (2 cases),hydropneumothorax (2 cases),megacardia (12 cases),pulmonary hypertension (6 cases).The second chest film found:new cavity (8 cases),new pneumatocele (6cases),new node (4 cases).Conclusion The X-ray appearance of chest inflammation due to intravenous heroin abuse are multiple and changeful.The multiple small nodes,small cavities and pmeumatoceles sign have larger value in the diagnosis of lung inflammation due to intravenous heroin abuse.To confirm the history of intravenous heroin abuse is the premise for the diagnosis.


Performance measurement in Judo usually focuses on some KPIs whose values indicate the final performance of the athlete. This paper deals with firstly identifying which these main KPIs in Judo are. Once this is done, the KPIs are classified into four different clusters: Physical training, specific training, Psychology and Lifestyle. Then, it proposes the multi-criteria decision aim technique of Analytic Network Process as the most indicate one to link not only the impact of the Judo KPIs with the achievement of the judoka's strategic objectives but also to identify both the relative and the global importance of each of these KPIs.


In the title compound, C21H15N5O2, the pyrrolidine ring adopts a twist conformation. Both the oxindole rings are planar [maximum deviations of 0.076 (1) and 0.029 (1) Å in the two rings] and are oriented at a dihedral angle of 72.7 (1)°. The crystal structure is stabilized by C—H⋯O, N—H⋯O, N—H⋯N and C—H⋯π interactions.


To clarify the changes of carbohydrates,proline,soluble protein contents and their relationships to freezing tolerance of Zoysia japonica 'Lanyin No.3',the relationship of carbohydrate(total soluble sugars,sucrose,glucose,starch),proline and soluble protein concentrations with LT50(the lethal temperature killing 50% of the plants) of rhizomes were studied at monthy intervals from October,2008 to May,2009 under natural cold conditions.The contents of carbohydrates,proline,soluble protein and LT50 showed a clear seasonal trend in rhizomes of Z.japonica 'Lanyin No.3' and they increased or decreased sharply as temperatures dropped in overwintering and decreased or increased gradually along with the rise in temperature in spring.Correlation analysis revealed that the freezing tolerance of rhizomes of Z.japonica 'Lanyin No.3' positively correlated with the contents of total soluble sugars,glucose and the ratio of the soluble sugars to starch but had no positive correlation with the contents of sucrose,starch,and proline.


Abstract The data with the advancement of information technology are increasing on daily basis. The data mining technique has been applied to various fields. The complexity and execution time are the major factors viewed in existing data mining techniques. With the rapid development of database technology, many data storage increases, and data mining technology has become more and more important and expanded to various fields in recent years. Association rule mining is the most active research technique of data mining. Data mining technology is used for potentially useful information extraction and knowledge from big data sets. The results demonstrate that the precision ratio of the presented technique is high comparable to other existing techniques with the same recall rate, i.e., the R-tree algorithm. The proposed technique by the mining effectively controls the noise data, and the precision rate is also kept very high, which indicates the highest accuracy of the technique. This article makes a systematic and detailed analysis of data mining technology by using the Apriori algorithm.


Mikheev's textbook is intended for medical schools. We did not have such textbooks on neuropathology, and Mikheev's textbook should be hailed as the first very successful attempt to give a popular and, at the same time, strictly scientific presentation of material that is difficult in itself, far from generally accessible.


T HIS observational study of the Cedar Waxwing (Bombycilla cedrorum) began in ' 1939 and continued throughout 5 additional summers. The objective has been to determine the relationships between members of the pair, between the pair and other members of the population, and between the population and the environment, correlating these phases into the whole of the breeding behavior of the waxwing. The Peach Point area, in which the major part of the study was carried on, is a small peninsula extending from the north central part of South Bass Island, which lies in Lake Erie, north of Sandusky, Ohio. The area is not on the main migration path, and waxwings are not common in this locality until the nesting population arrives. Peach Point is a park type area consisting mainly of closely spaced summer homes. At the base of the peninsula is an old orchard which slopes toward Terwilliger' s pond to the south. West of the orchard is a dense second growth woods which was largely bypassed by the birds in their activities. The most abundant tree is cedar (Juniperus zirginiarta), although hackberry (CeZtis o&de&a&) and maple (Acer sp.), as well as domestic fruit trees and mulberries (Morus alba, &form rubra), are common. The collection of data for this paper has been largely a matter of field observation during 6 seasons from 1939 through 1946. No data were taken during 1943 or 1944. Several thousand hours have been utilized in an attempt to make the data quantitative with as many as 170 hours being devoted to 1 nest. In spite of this, weakness in certain data is apparent. Unless otherwise stated general descriptions of behavior have been supported by 25 or more observations. All hours are given in solar time. The plan of work has been to survey the study area early in the season, determine the nesting population, and follow it and the individual pairs through the breeding season. Since the solution of many of the problems depended upon the identification of individual birds, much time and effort were spent in attempts to trap and band them. Feltes (1936) was able to trap numbers of waxwings from winter flocks in California, but lacking the favorable baiting conditions of his situation, other means had to be developed in the present study. Two methods have been used: the first using a nest trap and the second a drop trap. The nest trap was cylindrical in shape, had a diameter of about 9 inches, and a height of about 10 inches. A trap door in 1 side was hinged at the top and closed downward. The trap was placed over the nest with the door facing


By the methods of documentation,interviews and questionnaires,the article analyzes and researches the current situation of specific strength training methods and means about the high level pole vault athletes.The results show that the study of strength training theory and application is inadequate,and training ideas and ways are old,which affects quality and effect of strength training.


The purpose of this study is to investigate the changes in insulation performance and compression strength according to freezing-thawing conditions. As a result, various aging characteristics appeared depending on types of insulating materials. In other words, it is judged that in selecting a proper insulating material suitable for construction surroundings, it is possible to quantify aging characteristics by modeling environmental conditions.


A concise and general route to synthesize a new class of [6-5-6] tricyclic core embedded polyheterocycles has been accomplished using diastereoselective Nazarov cyclization with an overall yield of 35-40%. Versatility of this synthetic route has also been demonstrated by accessing a variety of [6-5-5] tricyclic core incorporated polycycles. It was observed that the efficiency of cyclization depends upon the impact of polarization on the reacting systems. Amongst the various Lewis and Brønsted acids screened for cyclization, triflic acid was found to be the most effective catalyst.


Virus-free and rapid propagation system of Rhizoma Dioscoreae was established via shoot-tip culture.The results showed: Shoot apices rinsing for 8 min in 0.1% HgCl2 could obtained the best disinfection and survival rate up to 88%;Shoot-tip from aseptic seedling inoculated in MS+0.5 mg/L 6-BA+1.5 mg/L NAA had the best growth conditions and the survival rate reached 100%;MS+1.5 mg/L 6-BA+0.5 mg/L NAA shoot proliferation of the stem fragments of virus-free was promoted obviously;root system was well induced and growth promoted in MS+2.0 mg/L KT+0.02 mg/L NAA;The regeneration plants transplant into peaty soil obtained survival rate over 85.5%.


The method of each sensing node of a touch screen device are compensated for so as to have the same integration capacitance, and a touch screen apparatus is provided for applying them. Is electrically connected to the operation signal and the sense signal of the touch panel, and repeating the charging and discharging operation of the node capacitor by a plurality of charge-discharge frequency, of the integral capacitor electrically connected to the sensing signal charge and discharge times and the node capacitor with respect to the touch screen device including a capacitance measuring circuit for charging a voltage corresponding to the capacitance, the default voltage integrated by performing the charge and discharge by the first set value is a default charge and discharge number of times of the charge and discharge count measuring a target integrated voltage, the default integrated voltage, and after determining the target number of charge and discharge using the default number of charging and discharging, and to the determined target charge and discharge number to perform calibration in a manner to replace the number of charging and discharging of the memory. By a calibrated integrating capacitor charge voltages of all the sensing node that is included in the touch panel becomes uniform within a predetermined error range.


Immunologic aging is defined as a process in which the immune system undergoes tremendous decline in T cell numbers and function, thus affecting one's ability to effectively mount an immune response. The degeneration of the thymus, the primary immune organ responsible for T cell development, is central to immunologic aging. Various studies have assessed thymic regeneration as an effective way to offset immune function decline. In this study, we determined the effect of mouse adult thymus transplants in the lymph node of athymic nude mice to rejuvenate thymus function. We transplanted thymuses of increasing ages and assessed engrafted ectopic thymuses by histology as well as for blood T cell numbers and function. We observed that transplanting aged thymuses, up to 8 months old, in the lymph node regenerated thymus function and corresponding T cell activation with some thymic rejuvenation when compared to the expected native thymus in control animals. However, transplanting 11- and 14-month old thymus in the lymph node had decreased-to-limited thymic function with no thymic rejuvenation detected. These observations provide important insights into the plasticity and regenerative capabilities of the thymus during age-associated involution.


Landfill operations generate particulate matters (PM) and toxic gases that can jeopardize human health. This study was conducted in February 2016 to assess the air quality in the residential areas around the Nkolfoulou landfill in Yaoundé. The concentrations of PM2.5 and PM10 were determined with Dust Sentry while those of CO, O3, NO2, CH4, CO2, CH2O, H2S, and SO2 were measured using gas sensors. At the landfill neighborhood, 30% of the daily mean concentrations of PM2.5 and PM10 crossed the daily safe limits. The concentrations of CO, O3, NO2, SO2, and H2S recorded at the propinquity of the landfill complied with the emission standards. Near the landfill, hourly mean concentrations of CH2O and H2S higher than their odour thresholds were recorded at each sampling site. The concentrations of CH4 were less than its lower explosive limit while those of CO2 were far below the safe limit for occupational health. The values of cancer risk (CR) due to the inhalation of CH2O were >10−6 while those of hazard index (HI) due to the inhalation of CH2O, H2S, and SO2 were <1. Thus, there might be increased cancer risks at the Nkolfoulou landfill neighborhood, whereas the increased non-cancer risks were low. 96.76% of the daily average levels of air pollutants registered near the landfill surpassed those recorded at the remote control site. Hence, the landfill operations might be supplying air pollutants to the neighbouring residential areas.


Chromosome preparations from eight individuals were first stained with silver nitrate to reveal the nucleolus organizing regions (NORs) and then hybridized in situ with ribosomal RNA. In six individuals the size of the silver-staining regions was positively correlated with the amount of label present after hybridization in situ. Thus the variation in silver-staining intensity among chromosomes was largely explained by variation in the number of rDNA gene copies per NOR. However, in two individuals this correlation was absent, suggesting that other factors can also influence the size of the silver-staining region.


A2×2×2 factorial trial was conductedtoinvestigate the effects andtheinteractions of acid-ifier,probiotics and oligosaccharides on growth performance,apparent digestibilites of nutritents.Theresults show:1) During the whole trial period,the addition of acidifier tend to i mprove average dailygain(ADG) by 2.82 %,feed conversion ratio(FCR) by 1.26 %.When probiotics are addeinto diet,ADG,FCR and the digestibilites of CP,GE,OM and DM were inceased by 4.52 %,3.73 %,1.98 %,1.26 %,1.09 %and 1.28 %respectively.The addition of oligosaccharidesi mproves ADGby4.18 %,FCRby 1.89 %.The digestibilites of CP,GE,OMand DMare i mproved by 3.24 %(P0.01),1.21%(P0.05),1.25%(P0.05) and 1.17 %(P0.5),respectively.The additionof acidifier,probiotics or oligosaccharides does not affect feedintake;2) The combinations of probioticswith acidifier,oligosaccharides with acidifier,probiotics with oligosaccharide,and the combination ofthe three additives i mprove ADGby 11.43 %(P0.05),10.0%(P0.05),12.14%(P0.05)and 13.57 %(P0.05),respectively,decrease FCR by 9.52 %(P0.01),5.95%(P0.05),8.33%(P0.01) and 7.14 %(P0.01),respectively,i mprove CP digestibility by 4.61 %(P0.05),4.57%(P=0.0641),5.95%(P=0.0622) and 6.84 %(P0.05),respectively,i mproveGEdigestibility by 2.97 %(P0.01),1.78%(P=0.0931),3.16%(P0.01) and 2.55 %(P0.05),respectively.There lies interaction between probiotics and oligosaccharides on FCR(P=0.065),between acidifier and oligosaccharides on FCR(P0.05),and between probiotics andoligosaccharides onthe digestibilities of GE,OMand DM(P0.05).The combination of acidifier andoligosaccharides decreasethe FCRincomparison withthe addition of oligosaccharides.The combinationof probiotics and oligosaccharides decrease the digestibilities of GE,OMand DMin comparison withthe addition of oligosaccharides.In conclusion,the addition of acidifier,probiotics and oligosaccharidesalone or combinedin the diet i mprove the growth performance and nutrient digesitibilities of weaningpiglets.


Bettina von Arnim (1785-1859) was a publisher, activist and a celebrity of cultured circles of Weimar-Jena and Berlin around 1800. She stepped onto the literary scene when already 51, with the epistolary book Goethes Briefwechsel mit einem Kinde. Published in 1835, the book immediately awoke great interest as the authentic biography of Goethe, while von Arnim was not perceived as the author, but publisher of Goethe's correspondence. Only in early 20 th


The question of social and psychological separation of the academic and intellectual in American society is raised. The empirical literature, although in short supply, suggests that the academic is socially isolated from the larger society and experiences attitudinal alienation. Interviews with sixty-one college and university professors tended to confirm this view, but particularly so among those respondents who identified themselves as intellectuals.


The clump shoots of excellent clones of 'Hanfeng' and Ribes diacantha Pall was used as materials in this study.Effect of factors including IAA,IBA,NAA,ZT,AC,and basic media on rooting of Ribes in vitro were studied.The results showed that the optimal rooting medium was 1/2MS + IBA1.0mg/L,and the roots grew well.


An all-optical reservoir computing scheme is proposed that consists of a matrix of randomly interconnected microrings. This scheme allowed the all-optical classification of 32bit long digital words encoded as optical NRZ pulses with a rate of 160Gbps exhibiting a mean square error of 0.3%.


The mineral sector is extremely relevant to the Brazilian economy, accounting for 4.3% of all
GDP, according to the IBRAM's annual activity report in 2017. Throughout the mining
process, significant amounts of mass and volume of materials are moved and extracted, which
generates waste that, when stored on the surface, results in unfavorable conditions to the
environment. The objective of this work was to review the literature on the benefits of using
tailings to fill underground mines in order to minimize the negative impacts of these when
disposed to the surface. It was found that besides the environmental benefits, there are
favorable geomechanical, sustaining and economic conditions in the mines that use these
tailings to fill their voids. In addition, the types of fillers and extraction methods were
described, alongside with their possible use.


We report on optical parametric oscillator (OPO) based on 2 mm-thick periodically poled Mg-doped stoichiometric LiTaO3 (PPMgSLT) pumped within the cavity of a Q-switched diode-pumped Nd:YAG laser of high average power that operates at 10 kHz repetition rate. We have obtained 9 W of 2-μm output at the diode current of 21 A from a near-degenerate phase-matched OPO using simple cavity configuration. We also found it has a good long-term stability with such an output of high average power for more than an hour. The intensity profile and measured M2 of 2-μm output beam were circularly symmetric and ~7.


The United Nations strongly support the progress towards sustainable agriculture, food security, sustainable management of life on land in a simultaneous approach. Oil production, though on increasing demand, is causing severe loss of biodiversity in tropical areas, Indonesia being the country with the most environmental damage due to this crop. Geographical Information Systems (GIS) and Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) for base-remote sensing are promising tools to help with environmental conservation in oil palm plantations and to improve production efficiency and quality of crops. While different UAVs exist in the market, multi-rotor UAVs have already been used for oil palm plantation monitoring. There are more than 100 different Vegetation Indices (VIs); the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) is often used in smart agriculture. Still, there is a huge need for algorithms that assess floristic diversity. To maintain some elements of the Indonesian biodiversity within oil palm plantations, experimentation with algorithms were carried out. The imagery shows great potential for future research.


The widespread of data visualisation tools on smartphones has provided end users an easy way to track their health data, leading designers to put more effort into delivering suitable visualisations. Both academia and industry have developed several frameworks to guide the creation of informative and well-designed charts, such as the visualisation and design framework and Google Material Design. Despite the typical focus on design and chart types in these existing frameworks, our study highlights the need to incorporate additional components when developing data visualisations. The needs of non-expert users, the nature of the data being represented, and the mobile environment are often not prioritised in these frameworks, leading to visualisations that do not meet user needs and expectations. To address these issues, we propose our Six-Dimensions Data Visualisation Framework (6DVF) to assist in the design and evaluation of visualisations on mobile devices. Finally, we present our initial findings from a designer evaluation experiment.


AbstractDue to enhanced impacts of compound events, the importance of assessing climate change impacts on extremes from a multivariate perspective has recently been receiving considerable attention...


The present invention relates to a method for enhancing the palatability of the meat of preparing a tissue digests, the method comprising: a) providing flesh tissue from an animal; b) the meat tissue and at least one alkaline peptide chain contacting endonuclease; c) the alkaline hydrolysis of the meat cut tissue within a peptide chain; D) was heat-treated product thus obtained was digested, so that the basic peptide chain deactivation endo; and e) the tissue digest meat obtained having enhanced palatability. The present invention also relates obtainable by this method having enhanced palatability digest meat tissue, and the use thereof for the preparation having enhanced palatability of the pet food.


Solution of practical problems to study aerodynamics and flight dynamics WIG above the surface of complex shape, by far, the day is very important, as it affects safety. To solve this problem it is proposed to use the method of discrete vortices. This technique will allow to analyze the movement of WIG over arbitrary non-smooth underlying surfaces in a wide range of kinematic parameters of flight.


Objective:To study the chemical constituents in the root of Saposhnikovia divaricata.Method:The compounds were isolated and identified by column chromatography and 1 H, 13C NMR data.Result:Twenty-four compounds were isolated and identified.Conclusion:Seven compounds were isolated from this plant for the first time.


Adenosine is an important factor in cerebrovascular regulation in the newborn especially under conditions low cerebral oxygen availability. Post receptor signaling associated with adenosine receptor(s) in the newborn cerebral circulation are poorly understood. Recent studies suggest that certain adenosine receptors are coupled to PKC-and/or PTK-dependent signal transduction pathways. We evaluated the hypothesis that activation of PKC modulates the cerebrovascular response to adenosine in vivo by examining the effect of staurosporine, an inhibitor of PKC, using the closed cranial window preparation in twelve newborn piglets. In that paradigm, staurosporine (9 nM) treatment augmented by 4-fold the increase pial arteriolar diameter induced by 1 μM exogenous adenosine (Δdiameter control = 4±2%[79±4 μm to 82±3 μm]; Δdiameter staurosporine = 17±3%[56±3 μm to 101±5 μm]). In addition, the adenosine-induced vasodilation was prolonged in staurosporine-treated preparations. Recent experiments show a similar effect, i.e., enhanced the dose-dependent relaxation response to adenosine in isolated, newborn lamb middle cerebral artery (MCA) preparations in tissue bath. An inhibitor of PTK (genistein, 20 μM) showed similar trend but was not statistically significant. The data suggest that activation of staurosporine-sensitive signal transduction pathways such as PKC may play a role in the ultimate expression of contractile properties of cerebral arteries from newborn animal models. We propose that certain adenosine receptors activate PKC which modulate the contraction/relaxation response and/or modify adenosine uptake and metabolism. (Supported by the American Heart Association national council, #95009270)


In the second issue of Cryptologia, way back in 1977, a contributor noted, "The golden age of decipherment may have been the first half of the nineteenth century, when the ancient tongues of the Near East were loosened." This, of course, refers to writings that were not intended for secrecy, such as Egyptian hieroglyphs, but became unreadable when the last humans familiar with these scripts died. Some such scripts remain unreadable today, but progress is being made. A notable recent example is "The Decipherment of Linear Elamite Writing" by François Desset, Kambiz Tabibzadeh, Matthieu Kervran, Gian Pietro Basello, and Gianni Marchesi. But there's a new and different golden age of decipherment that we are presently in the midst of, namely the recovery of messages intended to be kept secret and therefore hidden behind the best ciphers of the time. Custom computer programs often play a key role in such decipherments. The first issue of Cryptologia contained an article on an old, but only recently broken, cipher: "Poe Challenge Cipher Finally Broken." A computer wasn't used in this particular recovery, but the second issue of Cryptologia featured the piece "Automated Analysis of Cryptograms." As the editor-in-chief of Cryptologia, the submission categories that bring me the greatest pleasure deal with cryptanalysis. While I enjoy seeing attacks on any system, my absolute favorite is when the attack is not merely theoretical, but actually reveals messages of some historic interest. That is, modern cracking of historical ciphers, typically made possible by clever computer programs. Examples, span the centuries. There are solutions to a cipher created by Trithemius and hidden in plain sight in his book Steganographia for hundreds of years, ciphers from other famous


The literature indicates that children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) are at a heightened risk for developing anxiety disorders. Between 11% and 84% of individuals with ASD are also diagnosed with a co-occurring anxiety disorder (Muris, 1998; de Bruin et al., 2007; Green et al., 2000; Simonoff et al., 2008; Sukhodolsky et al., 2007). Despite the high frequency of co-occurrence, little research has investigated the validity of the DSM-IV Anxiety Disorder classification system in the ASD population. The present study examined 85 children, aged 7-11, with ASD and anxiety. A multitrait- (social phobia, separation anxiety disorder, and total anxiety) multimethod (self, parent, and diagnostician report) analysis was examined. Results from confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) suggest good convergent and discriminant validity for social phobia, separation anxiety disorder, and total anxiety severity. These findings provide preliminary evidence for the construct validity of the current classification system for anxiety disorders in children with ASD.


Multifactorial analysis by dichotomous split was applied to a consecutive series of 541 female breast cancer patients without detectable metastasis at onset of treatment. These patients were entirely treated in the same institution (Fondation Bergonié), in the years 1960-1974. This multifactorial analysis sets a hierarchical order among the different prognostic factors and defines groups of patients homogeneous for metastatic risks. The significant prognostic factors in these series are : number of malignant axillary nodes; location and size of tumour; state of adjacent skin; relations with thoracic wall; pre or post-menopausal status; inflammatory signs; thermographic and mammographic data.


Abstract The assumption of multivariate normality (MVN) underlies many important techniques in multivariate analysis. In the past 50 years, over 50 tests of this assumption have been proposed. However, for various reasons, practitioners are often reluctant to address the MVN issue. In this article, several techniques for assessing MVN based on well-known tests for univariate normality are described and suggestions are offered for their practical application. The techniques are illustrated using two previously published sets of real-life data. In one of the examples it is shown that simply testing each of the marginal distributions for univariate normality can lead to a mistaken conclusion.


The general haemorrahage and gray_white necrotic foci were observed on the surface of liver and spleen of the dead embryos of muscovy ducks,hybrid(muscovy)ducks or chickens inoculated with the muscovy duck reovirus isolate B3.The infected liver cells of muscovy duck showed the granular degeneration,and then lysis,The experiments confirmed that the isolate B3 could be transmitted through infected eggs or by nasal,oral,intramuscular(i.m.),pad injection and co_breeding.The incubation period of one_day_old muscovy ducks inoculated with isolate B3 was from 3 to 11 days,the rate of mortality was up to 100%,but some resistance to the isolate B3 were found in the one_day_old hybrid(Muscovy)ducks or chickens.There were inflammatory responses caused by the pad inoculation to the muscovy ducks,hybrid(muscovy)ducks or chickens of one_day_old,though the apparent clinical signs didn′t happen by i.m.injection on hybrid(Muscovy)ducks or chickens.Macroscopically,fibrinous pericarditis,gray_white necrotic foci,enlarged friable liver,and marbled spleen were seen in dead muscovy ducks infected with the isolate B3.Microscopical observation found that there were focal necroses in liver,spleen,cardiac muscle(heart),kidney,bursa,proventriculus and intestinal submucosal coat,and they were especially appatent in liver and spleen,and the tissue structure of splenic white pulp and liver was destroyed.Lymphocytic and phagocytic infiltrations were consistently found in the perivascular of the liver and brain,and in the interstice of cardiac muscle,kidney and lung.The lymphocytic degenerations and necroses were also seen in the bursa of Fabricius.EM examinations revealed that there were virus_like particles and inclusion bodies near the nucleus;multinuclear,vacuollization and granular degeneration were found in the liver cells and the lymphocytes of spleen of infected embryos.The isolate B3 also resulted in apoptosis,virus_like particles and apoptic bodies in the cytoplasm of phagocytes.The findings were firstly reported so far in china.


This statement concerning a juridical psychiatric examination of certain classes of accused persons is based almost entirely on experience with Swedish criminalistic conditions. Generalizations based on the conclusions drawn from this experience presuppose that the conditions of criminality in other civilized countries are, in their larger outline, the same as those in Sweden. To what extent this premise is justified cannot here be discussed.


Due to the weak damages caused by PPV and very good technical qualities of the fruit, plum cultivar Valevka is one of the most preferable in Serbia. In Bulgaria it is spread by single trees in amateur gardens. Over the past two to three decades we have observed the growth, fruiting, and its reaction to PPV. The data are compared with those of trees of the same age from a plum cultivar Kyustendilska. It was found that the proportion of damaged virus pattern fruits, in cultivar Valevka reached 37%, while in Kyustendilska prune the loss reached 75%. Yields of undamaged fruits were high enough, even heavily infested trees Valevka and almost did not differ in quality from those of Kyustendilska. We consider that a cultivar Valevka can be spread by healthy planting material in areas low contaminated with PPV. This will increase the production of plum fruits suitable for drying.


In this issue of Blood , Lindemans et al report on the impact of thymoglobulin (antithymocyte globulin [ATG]) during the preparative regimen for pediatric unrelated umbilical cord blood transplantation (UCBT). Survival and chronic graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) were similar whether or not patients


The paper analyzed the mine production in the common automatic self-suction vertical self-priming pump structure defects,introduced mine vertical non-leakage self-priming centrifugal pump principle,structure and design improvement.


Abstract Let R be a Cohen-Macaulay local ring of dimension d with canonical module ωR . In this article we extend Auslander-Reiten duality theorem to certain R-algebras. As a consequence of our argument, we obtain a criterion for projective modules over certain R-algebras in terms of vanishing of Ext modules.


New fluorous-tagged azabis(oxazoline) ligands were prepared using the copper-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition as ligation method. The resulting ligands were tested in copper-catalyzed asymmetric benzoylations (up to 99% ee), nitroaldol (up to 90% ee), and Michael reactions (up to 82% ee). The combination of unpolar fluorinated alkyl chains and polar triazole moieties imposes properties that are beneficial for the catalysts with respect to recyclability and selectivity. The scope and limitation of this strategy in comparison to analogous catalysts immobilized on methoxypolyethylene glycol (MeOPEG) or polystyrene is discussed. Moreover, this study shows that the choice of solvent for a given reaction is crucial to arrive at highly recyclable bis(oxazoline) catalysts.


On the basis of an analysis of the present situation in the development of industrialized production of Chinese herbal medicines in the Three-Gorges Reservoir Area, this paper outlines five major advantages of this area. Some measures for the realization of the modernization of the production of Chinese herbal medicines are offered.


In this article, the effect of residual charges on the lightning impulse voltage testing in the air insulation gap and the hybrid gas–solid insulation gap within the range of 30–50 cm gap distances was studied using the modified up-and-down test (UDT) method. The impulse voltage testing was performed by changing the gap distance, the resting time, and the initial voltage. Experimental results show that the residual charges cause continuous breakdown and withstand during the testing when the gap distance is 30 cm, which cannot be considered by the standard UDT. When the residual charges are removed after the gap breakdown, the continuous breakdown and withstand phenomenon is disappeared, and the 50% impulse breakdown voltage ${U}_{50}$ is decreased under different gap distances, resting times, and initial voltages. The effect of the residual charges is strengthened with the decrease in the gap distance. When the breakdown path length is close to 30 cm in the air insulation gap and the hybrid gas–solid insulation gap, the effect of residual charges is significant. The modified UDT method is recommended when residual charges are present during impulse testing, which can be indicated by the number of tests.


An enterprise resource planning system (ERP) is a method used by almost all businesses today due to its ability to incorporate various domains and fractions of work. The ERP method atomizes the majority of the manual work performed internally in each of these units, as well as combining the total work output, allowing for a better overall view of the company. The education field, which also has several fractions that need integration, uses the same high-quality ERP framework. Paperwork in the education sector has long been a concern, owing to the ease with which errors can be made when work is performed manually. This proposed framework entails using Quick Response Code to introduce an ERP system for college automation. The use of a QR Code tag allows each student to be assigned a unique ID, which is then used for automated college process labeling. This framework consists of a series of integrated software modules that provide real-time support for the college. From the director level to the student level, several modules are built to serve each fraction of the institution. When this method is implemented, there is no paper work and no data inconsistency. It has many advantages for administrators, teachers, and students. In terms of deployment and maintenance, this is a low-cost system.