In order to further our understanding of distance education as a social practice, this roundtable session suggests two disparate semantic and geographic worlds of distance education: The world that sees distance education as the means to eliminate the barriers to learning opportunities imposed by societal structure, and the world that views distance education as a technology driven form of education. Introduction Despite the fact that distance education is increasingly adopted and integrated into mainstream adult educational systems, research reflecting what actually drives distance education in each society is limited. To be critically aware of the assumptions underlying distance education is important because it impacts the practice of teaching and learning. When distance education means "education through technology" – as is prevalent especially in the U.S. context – it loses the traditional link with adult education that has valued democratization of societies through expanding educational opportunities. It is also important to understand the forces driving distance education because educational systems are subject to economic and political processes that impact the needs of those who teach and learn. The purpose of the session is to provide participants with an opportunity to exchange their views on and experience of distance education along with the role of technology, based on the discussion and questions raised in this paper. Historical Sense of Distance Education: Opening Access Historically, distance education has been an endeavor to widen learning opportunities of those who otherwise have no access to formal education systems. This historical sense of distance education has been closely associated with adult education tradition in that both distance and adult education aim to democratize societies by means of equalizing educational opportunities. More than twenty-two open universities established worldwide prove how convincingly the idea of distance education has been adopted as an alternative system of education in providing mostly adults with higher education or "second chance" studies (Brown & Brown, 1994; Eastmond, 1995, p. 53). At the center of this movement is the belief that society should make an effort to provide its citizens with a decent level of education regardless of their geographical location, gender, previous education experience, financial circumstances, disabilities, etc. In Saudi Arabian culture, for example, it is through distance education that women came to be able to attend universities that were initially set up for educating men (Rawaf and Simmons, 1992). In the historical sense of distance education, technology has been a secondary concern. The choice of educational media has been subject to the principle of opening access. A worldwide survey shows that 96 percent of respondents engaged in distance learning use printed course units and that 68 percent of them count it as the most important components of their course (Pittman, 1987). While this may have changed somewhat during the past decade, print remains the dominant medium of distance education. Unfortunately, this view of distance education came to be overwhelmed by a technology driven approach which was hardly compatible with an open learning philosophy. Technology Driven Distance Education As the use of technology emerged as a main feature of distance education, distance education came to be equated to education through technology. This narrowly defined sense of distance education shifted the focus of the field from democratization of educational opportunities to effective incorporation of state-of-the-art technology into education. Everyday language, in the U.S. context at least, eliminates correspondence or independent study from distance education because the former is not sophisticated enough when viewed from a technological standpoint. In driving this tendency, vendors of network hardware and software, corporate training advocates, and university administrators are playing the role of promoters mainly due to economic reasons (Noble, 1998). Within the academic field of education, this technology driven approach is easily allied to groups interested in producing instructional tools and strategies, overlooking distance education as a social practice. The criticisms directed towards this transformed meaning of distance education (e.g., undermining academic ownership, commercializing academic discourses, testing technology with students, etc.) make it hard to tell whether the criticism is about the mindless use of technology in academia or about the practice of distance education itself; because the two are intricately interwoven. As much as the image of technology determines the practice of distance education, the field of distance education tends to be oblivious to the mission that has driven it throughout its history. Questions to be Addressed The focus of this roundtable will not be on whether we are "for" or "against" technology, but on how to mindfully position the issue of technology in the current practice of distance education. The follow- ing questions may lead the discussion among par- ticipants: (1) What does distance education mean in the context of differing societies? (2) What drives distance education in each society? (3) How has technology been dealt with in the diverse contexts of distance education? (4) What tensions may exist between high-technology driven distance education and the open access philosophy? and (5) What type of education is envisioned by technology driven distance education and what influence does it have on learners and teachers? References Brown, F. B., & Brown, Y. (1994). Distance edu- cation around the world. In B. Willis (Ed.), Distance education strategies and tools (pp. 3- 39). Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey: Educational Technology Publications. Eastmond, D. V. (1995). Alone but together: Adult distance study through computer conferencing. Cresskill: Hampton. Noble, D. F. (1998). Selling academe to the tech- nology industry. Thought & Action, 14(1), 29- 40. Pittman, V. V. J. (1987). The persistence of print: Correspondence study and the new media. The American Journal of Distance Education, 1(1), 31-36. Rawaf, H. S. A., & Simmons, C. (1992). Distance higher education for women in Saudi Arabia: Present and proposed. Distance Education, 13(1), 65-80.


In Streptomyces, the genes encoding secondary metabolite biosynthetic pathways are clustered in the genome and are under the control of regulatory systems Genome sequencing revealed many previously undiscovered silent biosynthetic gene clusters that specify antibacterial products, which are not expressed under normal laboratory conditions The aim of this project was to manipulate these regulatory systems to switch on the expression of antibacterial molecules previously not expressed under laboratory conditions λ Red recombineering was used to to delete the GntR-like repressor of a Streptomyces albus silent biosynthetic gene cluster, predicted to specify an antibacterial molecule Introduction


In synchronous computer supported cooperative work(CSCW) systems, network bandwidth is an important factor which affects performance because of frequent communications among users. This paper uses the linear prediction theory in modern cybernetics, builds up a model of cybernetics for each object in the object space, and applies Kalman prediction for objects in the synchronous CSCW system to reduce system bandwidth. The design and implementation of a low bandwidth synchronous CSCW network software prototype system (ConWork) which uses the optimal prediction algorithm are also given, as well as statistical data obtained using quantitative approach. The system now runs in Ethernet environment.


To deal with the limitations in traditional algorithms,such as the random blindness and the traps of the local optima,we develop a knowledge evolution algorithm for solving unconstraint optimization problems(called UOP-KEA),and analyze its global convergence.Firstly,an initial knowledge base is formed;next,excellent knowledge individuals are inherited by inheritance operator;new knowledge individuals are produced by innovation operator;knowledge base is updated by update operator.Thus,knowledge evolution is realized.Finally,the optimal solution of issues is obtained from the optimal knowledge individuals.Experiments have been performed on optimization of unconstraint nonlinear test functions.Compared with genetic algorithms,this algorithm finds the global optimal solution with smaller size of population and in a higher speed.The successful results show that this algorithm is feasible and valid.


Aceves writes about the problems faced by the historian who is confronted with the difficulty of reaching and getting to know sources that can inform us on t...


Among workplace labour regulations, human resources practices are very crucial for organizations to be considered as attractive for working. It is argued that workers desire to work in environments where these practices are applied and they are engaged with their work. Being an important construct of positive work psychology, engagement is a "positive, fulfilling, work-related state of mind that is characterized by vigor, dedication and absorption". Engaged employees are considered to be fully physically, mentally and emotionally connected to their work roles. In this study, it is intended to see whether perception of human resources practices increases the engagement of the workers or not. In order to test this hypothesis, data will be gathered from 500 blue-collar workers employed in one of the largest industrial regions of Turkey. We will use the "Human Resource Management Practices Scale" developed by Chambel et al. This scale has 7 dimensions: "Recruitment and Selection, Reception and Integration, Performance Appraisal, Rewards, Promotion, Training that promotes external employability and Training that promotes internal employability". In order to measure engagement in the workplace, Utrecht Work Engagement Scale developed by Schaufeli and Salanova, will be used. Results will be discussed in terms of the effectiveness of the human resources applications on achieving commitment to workplace.


dorsocaudal segments. He is also the only one to divide the lateral portion of the left lobe by an almost frontal fissure (his fissura segmentalis sin.). The other authors divided this part by a transverse fissure. HEALEY et coli. (1953) recognised 10 segments of the liver. They divided the caudate lobe into 3 segments: right and left portions and caudate process, and the quadrate lobe into the medial inferior and medial superior areas. They also claimed that the position of the right interlobar fissure is constant. GANS (1955), on the other hand, showed that the position of this fissure varied, a finding corroborated by COUINAUD (1957). Couinaud distinguished 8 segments. His system differs from Hjortsjö's partly by the fact that it divides Hjortsjö's medial portion of the left lobe into 2 segments, a dorsal one (caudate lobe) and a ventral one (quadrate lobe) and, secondly, that it divides the dorsocaudal segment of the right liver lobe (Hjortsjö) into a superior segment and an inferior segment, which may be dangerous from a practical surgical point of view ( H J O R T S J Ö 1965) because the arteries to these segments often arise from a common trunk (Rex's "Ramus arcuatus"). Detailed systematic investigations of the arterial supply to the liver have been published by, among others, ADACHI (1928) and MICHELS (1955), who focused attention especially on the extrahepatic vasculature, and by HEALEY et coll. (1953), GANS (195 5), and COUINAUD (1957), who studied mainly the intrahepatic vascular pattern. The former group of authors studied anatomic preparations; the latter, corrosion casts.


Abstract Only twelve species of Dryinidae and no species of Strepsiptera are known so far from Mozambique. In 1993–1996 the author collected and reared several species there, resulting in the discovery of three new species of Dryinidae (Gonatopus mossambicus, G. faustae and G. gazensis) and 10 known species of which 5 are new records from Mozambique [Dryinus orophilus (Benoit), Gonatopus similis Brues, G. rubripes (Olmi), G. capensis Brues and G. guigliae (Benoit)]. A new combination and a new name (Gonatopus maputensis) are proposed for Paradicondylus australis Olmi. The males of Gonatopus maputensis, G. communis Olmi, G. rubripes and G. guigliae are described for the first time. The author also reared the following Strepsiptera: Elenchus tenuicornis (Kirby) from Toya propinqua (Fieber) and Halictophagus australensis Perkins from Cofana spectra Distant (new records from Mozambique).


Accurate assessment of burn depth and healing time remains elusive. As a result, some patients may wait weeks, through painful wound care only to have surgery. Others may have early surgery on wounds that may have healed with a good outcome. Expert opinion remains the most common method of wound evaluation. We sought to evaluate if Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) with Microangiography (OMAG) can predict burn wound healing.

 We prospectively enrolled a cohort of 17 burned subjects whose attending physician initially evaluated the depth of the wound as indeterminate. Burn wounds were scanned on enrollment and weekly, until healed or grafted, using a clinical prototype swept source OCT with OMAG capability. Wounds were also assessed by the attending physician for depth of injury and healing time. Wounds were photographed at the time of each scan. OCT and OMAG scans were then used to quantitatively determine blood vessel depth and density within the wound. Univariate regression with clustering and panel effects evaluated the association with healing time. Photographs and scans of each wound from all time points were evaluated by 5 blinded assessors (four surgeons and an OCT engineer) for time to wound healing. Kappa was used to measure the interrater reliability between evaluators.

 The mean patient age was 46 years with a mean burn size of 10% body surface area. Fourteen patients ultimately healed their wounds. Three patients underwent excision and grafting. There was no significant association between vessel depth or density and healing time (Table). Similarly, vessel depth was not predictive of the need for surgery. However, vessel density £ 0.255 perfectly predicted the need for surgery. There was no agreement between evaluators regarding predicted healing looking at OCT and OMAG scans (Kappa 0.003). There was moderate agreement between evaluators predicting healing from photos (Kappa 0.047).

 This preliminary data demonstrates that quantitative OCT/OMAG data shows promise in predicting which patients undergo surgical therapy. Variation of healing estimates from provider image assessment support the best use of this tool as a quantitative measure. Larger studies are needed to explore these findings and the role of this technology.

 OCT/OMAG is a quantitative tool that shows promise in predicting which patients undergo surgical therapy.


An infrasonic measurement system is built capable of sensing acoustic signals down to 10
 mHz which is advantageous for measurements of wind farm noise or sonic boom shapers.
 The system consists of an electric preamplier built into a housing and a G.R.A.S. 40AZ
 1
 2 -inch prepolarized condenser microphone with a closed vent conguration. The total
 system has a dynamic range of 94 dB and a lower limiting -3 dB cuto frequency of 8
 mHz. The preamplier connects the microphone signal directly to the input of an op-amp
 with an input resistance of 10 T
 , one of the industry's highest, which forms a high pass
 lter with the microphone capacitance of 20 pF. The bias current is supplied to the input
 node by two diode-connected FETs. The big challenge has been to sense the sound signal
 from the capacitive microphone with a high enough input impedance of the preamplier
 to avoid an inherent cuto of frequencies of interest. Being able to measure down to ultra
 low frequencies in the infrasonic frequency range will aid actors in the debate on wind
 turbine noise. Sonic booms from supersonic ights include frequencies down to 10 mHz
 and this measurement system will aid scientists trying to modify the N-shaped shock wave
 at high level which prohibits ights in land zones.


Using PCR amplification method, and avirulence genes Avrpiz-t that published in NCBI gene sequence to design specific primer, 108 isolates of Magnaporthe oryzea of four cultivation in Heilongjiang Province were test, to make it clear the rice blast fungus avirulence gene Avrpiz- t in distribution of four crop- growing zone in Heilongjiang Province. Research results indicated that 82% strains had normal gene of the 108 strains for test, broad distribution in Heilongjiang Province four crop planting zones. There were 10.4% strains of the 108 strains for test no strape, and distribution in Ⅳ, Ⅳ and Ⅳ crop planting zones, and the isolates in Ⅳ crop planting district of strains were all had strape; 10 strains with high strape type(Pot3 insert), which ccounted for 10%, and distributed in four a crop planting district.


Thea Astley's millennial novel Drylands, a self-declared 'book for the world's last reader' (1999, title page), offers an opportunity to reappraise literary narrative and creative experimentation in a time of climate change. This essay takes this up by reading Astley's text as a paradoxical account of literature's failings to either nourish or repair a drought-ridden, economically, environmentally and empathically beleaguered town in regional Australia. Astley's vision is ostensibly declentionist, wherein the only hope for the future seems to lie in the inevitable ruins of the present. Within these ruins lies the fate of particular, historical creative forms, most notably the literary novel, which, as an expression of Western epistemology, is now evacuated of meaning. On the one hand, Astley seems to offer no reversed fortune for her characters or the textual practice that ironically brings them to life; however, the essay offers a further, dissonant reading of the text through a perspective of distributed agency which, as climate change unfolds, is where possibilities for literary work may lie.


Simulated raw radar signals prove to be very useful at the first stages of testing radar signal processing algorithms and procedures. This is particularly true for synthetic aperture radar (SAR), where the costs of real signals acquisition are very high due to the costs of building the system as well as the costs of mission (air or space-borne). This paper describes a multifunctional SAR raw signal simulator that has been used for the verification of SAR image synthesis algorithms. Generated signals can be imitated for pulsed as well as FM-CW radars both in SLAR and squinted cases, it is also possible to choose between video and intermediate frequency signals. The simulator allows us to generate echo signals from stationary and moving targets. The user is able to differentiate the statistic properties of received echo signals for each target, thus allowing us to generate different types of reflecting surfaces. If present, a real raw SAR signal can be merged with a simulated one to produce more complicated scenarios. The paper presents results of the simulation of raw signals and their image after SAR processing.


The characteristics of transmission lines containing Er-doped fiber amplifier repeaters (or IR transmission lines) are insensitive to transmission bit rate. These IR transmission lines will enable terrestrial trunk transmission systems to be economical and flexible. The design of Er-doped fiber amplifier repeaters for intensity modulation and direct detection terrestrial transmission systems is described. Supervision and optical time-domain reflectometry (OTDR) schemes for 1R transmission lines are also discussed. A 10-Gb/s transmission field experiment with Er-doped fiber amplifier repeaters has demonstrated their practicality.<<ETX>>


We thought that Senator David K. Trask's, civil service repeal measure would die a quick death in the House with the majority in the lower cham ber for an improved merit law, but judging from the action taken by the majority in the Senate Ways and Means Committee, this drastic piece of legislation will be very much in the limelight yet. From the look of things in the leg islature, Senator Trask's measure may become yet the cause of a deadlock between the House and the Senate, with the latter body holding this measure as a wedge against the House for the enact ment or shelving of certain mea sures championed by the senate majority but lacking sufficient support in the House. Out of the seven members in the all-powerful Senate Ways and Means body, four members are said to be against making any kind of appropriation for civil service administration in the territory at this stage, these four senators claiming that the up per chamber of the legislature had acted on the repeal measure and to be consistent with its action, no appropriation should go into any measure for the purpose of per petuating the merit system in the territory. . . at least, until such time as definite action has been de cided by both houses of the legis lature, and by the House in parti cular. Strange but true is the fact that out o f the four senators now taking this stand that there are two Big Island senators, W. H. "Doc" Hill and Charles H. Silva now standing pat against any mo ney for administering the merit law. We think we can see an ex tended session in the offing in case such doings continue by the sena tors, particularly in a powerful body like the Ways and Means Committee. Looks like Senator David Trask is being given a lot of "kokua" in certain quarters on the merit law repeal measure.. . . for what? W hat's in the back of this move? ******


A selection of recent searches for Supersymmetry conducted by the ATLAS and CMS collaborations is presented, summarizing the relevant results for inclusive squark and gluino production at the LHC. No indication for the existence of Supersymmetry in terms of an excess above the Standard Model background is seen by any analysis, therefore limits are reported on parameters of the various models used to interpret the findings.


Temporal variations in plankton assemblages and environmental factors in Asan Bay and their relationships were examined with the data collected from February till early June, 2005. Seawater temperatures showed typical pattern of temporal change observed in temperate waters. Salinity variation was minor. Phytoplankton biomass showed two peaks, one in February only in the inner part of the bay and the other in May in the whole bay. Phytoplankton succession was clearly shown with the increase of seawater temperatures. Diatom (Bacillariophyceae) dominated in February, diatom and cryptomonads (Cryptophyceae) prevailed in May, and dinoflagellates (Dinophyceae) was most abundant in June. Spring bloom in Asan Bay occurred about one month earlier than those observed in temperate seas. Among the inorganic nutrients (N, P and Si), only silicate concentration showed a significant negative correlation with phytoplankton biomass, indicating the sink of this nutrient in the bay to be the uptake by phytoplankton. Nitrate concentration seemed to be a limiting factor in this bay during the study period. Mesozooplankton abundances showed a significant positive correlation with seawater temperatures and a significant negative correlation with phytoplankton biomass. Increase of mesozooplankton abundance followed phytoplankton increase with the time lag of about two months. This increase of zooplankton seemed to be the result of increased seawater temperatures and food.


In Latin America, informality has historically operated as a safety net during economic crises, by absorbing unemployed workers and providing income. However, unlike past economic crises, the 2020 crisis unleashed by the outbreak of the new coronavirus pandemic (COVID-19) is not only economic but has resulted from a health emergency that requires social distance and isolation. In this article we argue that, in the context of social distancing and confinement measures, informal work constitutes a safety trap instead of operating as a safety net. First, informality as an economic subsistence mechanism is limited given that working activities in the informal sector are less convertible to remote jobs. Second, even when telework may be a viable option, the home conditions of informal workers often hinder the feasibility of telework. In making this argument, we bring to bear a conceptualization of potential to telework which includes both occupational and household components, the latter an often-neglected piece of the telework puzzle. To evaluate our argument, we conduct a quantitative cross-country analysis of seven Latin American countries (Bolivia, Chile, Ecuador, El Salvador, Mexico, Peru, and Uruguay). The empirical analysis consists of a descriptive assessment of the potential to telework of informal workers.


Abstract : This study evaluated the effectiveness of the Military Entrance Physical Strength Capacity Test (MEPSCAT) during its first year of implementation. MEPSCAT is a mandatory test for enlistment processing. Its results are used to encourage soldiers to enlist in those military occupational specialties (MOS) for which they meet the physical demands requirements. Although the data upon which the study was based was necessarily limited, it appears the MEPSCAT program is contributing to a better match between physical capabilities and job demands.


poetry, but all waka should be translated in the same number of lines throughout a work. Rohlich's versions are anywhere from two to five lines long. Many are awkward or puzzling as English: "Day and night I stare / Into the snow darkening the sky; / It never stops" (p. 185). Others are truncated and so miss the rhetorical point of the poem, as in the Chunagon's 'Aware ika ni / Izure no yo ni ka / Meguriaite / Arishi ariake no / Tsuki o nagamen" (Nibon koten bungaku taikei 77:237); Rohlich's translation, "How sad indeed! / When will we meet again, / To watch the early morning moon?" (p. 115), omits the allusions to rebirth and the juxtaposition of past and future that make the waka interesting and relevant to its prose context. Quite a few waka translations have errors that significantly alter their meaning: two examples are the Yoshino nun's poem on page 137, and Yoshinohime's poem on page 232. These are serious deficiencies, but they result from a lack of commentaries and experience in the face of a difficult text, not from carelessness or lack of interest in the work. Rohlich is to be praised for bringing a worthy but neglected work of fiction before a wide audience.


Two pieces of information are minimally required to conserve endangered raptor species — (i) an estimate of its remaining global population, and (ii) the main factors responsible for its decline. Data suggest that no more than 400 adult pairs of the Critically Endangered Philippine Eagle could remain in the wild. As to what is causing population decline, shooting and hunting continue to be the primary factor while forest habitat loss is another. This paper reflects on the growing incident of human-caused deaths in Philippine Eagles, prominently on Mindanao Island where estimates suggest more than half of the eagle's wild population exists. By analyzing data from eagle rescues, surveys, and field monitoring through radio and satellite tracking techniques, this paper shows that shooting and trapping is a "clear and present" danger which may potentially drive the population to extinction even when suitable forest habitats still exist. Cases of death within the last decade show that the nature and/or extent of law enforcement, conservation education, and population and habitat monitoring fall short of being effective deterrents to eagle persecution in the wild. We review emerging theories on wildlife crime and cases of community-based species conservation to justify a holistic and grounded approach to preventing eagle poaching as an alternative to the conservation status quo.


Abstract The work described in a previous communication was continued with a view to comparing the heat transmission through fabrics worn by women indoors with the heat transmission of those worn by men. The results show that women can be just as warmly clothed on the body as men without wearing unusual clothing, but that on the calf of the leg a man's clothing has a T.I.V. about twenty times that of a woman. The results are discussed from the point of view of the heating engineer.


25 Monitoring and managing skid resistance properties are crucial activities to reduce the number of 26 highway accidents and fatalities. However, current methodologies to measure pavement surface 27 friction present several disadvantages that make them impractical. Thus, it is necessary to evaluate 28 alternative methods to estimate friction. The principal objective of this study was to develop 29 friction models based on pavement texture. We implemented a Line Laser Scanner (LLS) to obtain 30 an improved characterization of the pavement texture which includes macrotexture and 31 incorporates microtexture description using eight different parameters. Field measurements of 32 friction and texture were collected around Texas using the British Pendulum Test (BPT), the 33 Dynamic Friction Test (DFT), the micro-GripTester, and the LLS. The experimental results 34 showed that there is not a unique relationship between texture and friction, its relation is strong 35 and statistically significant, but it is different for each type of pavement surface. Thus, regression 36 analysis pooling all data cannot be utilized to quantify this relationship. For this reason, we applied 37 a panel data analysis approach that allows the incorporation of the type of surface and provides a 38 more robust analysis. The results indicate that the prediction of friction is significantly improved 39 when incorporating information from both macrotexture and microtexture into the prediction 40 model. Therefore, a measure of microtexture should be included into friction models based on 41 texture. Also, the study of different texture parameters suggests that the mean profile depth (MPD) 42 is the most significant parameter for macrotexture and for microtexture to explain the distinct 43 friction measures. 44 45 Zuniga-Garcia, Prozzi 2


Squeeze casting is a process which has the potential to
produce castings with exceptional mechanical properties. It
also appears to be the most suitable route to produce sound
cast metal matrix composites.
An investigation was carried out into the squeeze casting of
four zinc–aluminium alloys:
commercial ZAS (simple eutectic alloy);
commercial ZA12 (simple eutectic alloy);
commercial ZA27 (peritectic alloy);
binary Zn-37Al (solid solution alloy).
Although the three commercial alloys can be cast by a variety
of conventional gravity and pressure processes it was
considered that squeeze casting would produce castings with
more homogeneous microstructures and enhanced room
temperature properties. The binary Zn-37Al was considered to
be a suitable alloy for squeeze casting. [Continues.]


This thesis presents the characterization of an integrated starter/generator (ISG) based on an interior permanent-magnet (IPM) synchronous machine. The ISG is designed to operate in a hybrid vehicle; mounted to a traditional gasoline engine and coupled directly to the crankshaft. An experimental comparison is made between the design and the working prototype including a detailed description of the machine and the materials used. Theoretical operation and lumpedparameter models (LPMs) that predict its performance are summarized. Results from finiteelement analysis (FEA) are also presented. An automated platform has been built for the purpose of testing the machine and is described in detail. This platform is used to measure mechanical losses, back-EMF, inductance, temperature, and performance while motoring and generating. The methods used for each experiment are described and the results are compared with LPM and FEA predictions. This thesis will show that LPM predictions for q-axis inductance and PM flux linkage match well with FEA and measured results. However, the LPM predictions for d-axis inductance must be revised to include leakage from fringing fields around PM cavities at the ends of the stack, crosscoupling of q-axis flux, and details regarding the saturation of the PM bridges. The impact of these errors on the motoring torque is small because at high current, measurements, LPM, and FEA match fairly well. The impact of these errors on generating output power is substantial, and the ISG is not expected to meet the specifications for generating. Thesis Supervisor: Jeffrey H. Lang Title: Professor of Electrical Engineering, Associate Director of LEES Thesis Supervisor: Thomas Keim Title: Assistant Director of LEES


Adsorption of tetraalkyl ammonium hydroxide (TAAH) with mesoporous silica such as MCM-41 and MCM-48 has been investigated. The adsorption of TAAH with the mesoporous silica increases with increase in pH of the aqueous solution. The maximum adsorption amounts of TAAH with the mesoporous silica, determined by Langmuir isotherms, correspond to the relationship between the pore diameter of the mesoporous silica and the molecular size of TAAH, while no significant relationship is observed with both the specific surface area and the amount of silanol group of the mesoporous silica. Mesoporous silica having large pore diameter is applicable to the adsorptive separation of TAAH from the effluent solution.


approved: Loren D. In the Blue Mountains of northeastern Oregon, prescribed fire and mechanical harvesting economics were investigated for fuels reduction and forest restoration. Using a cut-to-length harvesting system, three single-grip harvesters and three forwarders produced significantly different production rates. For the harvesters, significant variables that affected production rates were found to be: harvested material removed (live tree, standing dead tree, or downed wood), tree species, tree diameter, and distance traveled between processing. For the forwarder, significant variables that affected production rates were forwarding distance and the number of stops required to accumulate its rated payload. From the thinning, net revenues per acre ranged from $143 to $718 and averaged $315. Prescribed fire costs ranged from $24 to $87 per acre and averaged $51. Prescribed fire intensity was found to be significantly higher in the mechanically thinned stands with tons of downed woody material being a significant predictor of fire intensity. Mean fire intensity was found to be 94.7° and 157.6° Celsius for the burn and thin and burn treatments, respectively. The addition of activity fuel from the mechanical thinning was the primary factor that increased fire intensity. From the production data, net revenue was determined for stump-to-mill operations and predictive equations were used to develop a cost model that investigated stand conditions of significance. This information provided a framework for conducting sensitivity analysis on the effects of these significant variables to production and cost at differing levels. Equations were derived from the simulations and used to determine alternative scenarios for stand conditions in and around the study area. The economics of fuels reduction and forest restoration needs to proceed with an increased level of cost analysis. While many areas in need of fuels reduction have produced positive net revenues, others have produced a loss. Land mangers need to understand how equipment selection, material removed, stand conditions, market prices, and market locations affect harvesting costs and net revenue. Information provided in this paper can be used by land managers to aid in assessing the economic feasibility of a given operation and determine which treatment combinations are optimal. ©Copyright by Peter J. Matzka August, 28th 2003 All Rights Reserved Thinning with Prescribed Fire and Timber Harvesting Mechanization for Fuels Reduction and Forest Restoration.


CCD photometry on the intermediate-band vbyCaHβ system is presented for the metal-rich, old open cluster NGC 6791. Preliminary analysis led to [Fe/H] above +0.4 with an anomalously high reddening and an age below 5 Gyr. A revised calibration between (b - y)0 and [Fe/H] at a given temperature shows that the traditional color-metallicity relations underestimate the color of the turnoff stars at high metallicity. With the revised relation, the metallicity from hk and the reddening for NGC 6791 become [Fe/H] = +0.45 ± 0.04 and E(b - y) = 0.113 ± 0.012 or E(B - V) = 0.155 ± 0.016. Using the same technique, reanalysis of the photometry for NGC 6253 produces [Fe/H] = +0.58 ± 0.04 and E(b - y) = 0.120 ± 0.018 or E(B - V) = 0.160 ± 0.025. The errors quoted include both the internal and external errors. For NGC 6791, the metallicity from m1 is a factor of 2 below that from hk, a result that may be coupled to the consistently low metal abundance from DDO photometry of the cluster and the C-deficiency found from high-dispersion spectroscopy. E(B - V) is the same value predicted from Galactic reddening maps. With E(B - V) = 0.15 and [Fe/H] = +0.45, the available isochrones predict an age of 7.0 ± 1.0 Gyr and an apparent modulus of (m - M) = 13.60 ± 0.15, with the dominant source of the uncertainty arising from inconsistencies among the isochrones. The reanalysis of NGC 6253 with the revised lower reddening confirms that on both the hk and m1 metallicity scales, NGC 6253, while less than half the age of NGC 6791, remains at least as metal-rich as NGC 6791, if not richer.


The dewatering and drying of coal are important links before deep processing of low rank coal.The evaporative technologies,including use of hot air,hot steam,microwave,or solar enorgy,as well as the non-evaporative technologies,such as hydrothermal dewatering(HTD),mechanical thermal expression(MTE),and organic dissolvent dewatering etc.,have been presented and compared.The evaporative drying is simple in process,and lower cost for equipments,while in non-evaporative drying process HTD or MTE,the latent heat in gasification isn't cosumed,the characters of low rank coal can be deeply improved,and the moisture in low rank coal can be irreversibly dewatered,at the same time,the rank of coal and its calorific value can be enhanced,therefore,having wide prospect of application.


The world we live in is just one of the worlds. The world of the animals has never been faced with the shortage of means of sustenance. Hence, our present conundrum is a product of our machinations. The brain behind our present predicament is the evil corruption which has eaten deep into the fabrics of our society. Corruption is every where. It is clearly and visibly written in the air. We are all victims of one corrupt practice or the other. Corruption is not peculiar to Africa. It is common to all governments and countries of the world. Its effects are more visible here simply because, the rate at which it is operated is beyond imagination and the enforcement machinery has been compromised especially recently with the increasing instances of plea bargaining introduced into its prosecution. This work will analyze the incidence the incidence of corruption in Nigeria, the havoc it has caused on the society and the attempts made by government at curbing it. The insurgence of plea bargaining in our criminal justice system will be considered and its effect on the anti-corruption crusade.


Targeted drug delivery systems are designed to release the medicament
continuously in a predetermined pattern for a fixed period of time either systemically or
to a specified organ to ensure safety and to improve its efficacy as well as patient
compliance. Drug released from these drug delivery systems should be at a desired,
predictable and reproducible rate. Gastroretentive system (GRS) is a topic of current
interest in the design of controlled release drug delivery systems to target the drug to the
site of absorption. It prolongs the residence time of the dosage form at the site of
application or absorption and facilitates an intimate contact of the dosage form with the
underlying absorption surface and thus contributes to improved and/or better therapeutic
performance of the drugs. In the present investigation design of floating tablets (GRS) of
fluorouracil for oral controlled release is aimed.

Fluorouracil is used in the treatment of cancer. It is sparingly soluble in water and
its absorption is dissolution rate limited. Fluorouracil has a short biological half life and
erratic absorption. To avoid the dose related toxicity and to prolong its duration of action
controlled release products are necessary.

The first chapter deals with introduction about the clear advantage of controlled
release dosage forms and the advantages derived with gastro retentive system. In this
chapter absorption window, modulation of GI transit time, basic gastrointestinal tract
physiology, factors affecting gastric retention, classification of floating drug delivery
system, evaluation methods are discussed. Gastric cancer, its causes and the treatment
were also discussed.

Chapter II contains literature review on the gastroretentive systems, fluorouracil
and β cyclodextrin. Drug profile, polymer profile and excipient profile are given in
chapter III. Preformulation studies of the drug were documented in chapter IV. The
characterization of the drug material, 5 fluoro uracil that included physicochemical
properties such as melting point, loss on drying, bulk and tapped density were done.

A compatibility study for polymer and drug was carried out to assess any interaction, by
IR spectroscopy. The spectra showed no interaction had occurred with the excipients.
As fluorouracil is sparingly soluble in water, it was complexed with β
cyclodextrin to enhance the solubility of the drug. The aqueous solubility and dissolution
rate of 5-fluorouracil can be increased by inclusion complexation with β-cyclodextrin.
Molecular-modeling studies support the formation of stable molecular inclusion
complexation of 5-fluorouracil with β-cyclodextrin monomer (1:1). Complexes were
prepared by physical mixture, kneading, co evaporation and freeze drying methods. Two
ratios 1:1 and 1:2 were formulated. These eight complexes were subjected to Phasesolubility
study, molecular modeling to confirm the ratio and dissolution study. The
complexes formed were confirmed by DSC studies. Phase solubility profile indicated that
the solubility of 5-fluorouracil increased in the presence of β-cyclodextrin monomer.
Results obtained by different characterization techniques clearly indicate that the freezedrying
method leads to formation of solid state complexes between 5-fluorouracil and β-
cyclodextrin. The complexation of 5-fluorouracil with β-cyclodextrin lends an ample
credence for better therapeutic efficacy. Complexation and the enhancement of solubility
are discussed in chapter V.

In the present work, a floating gastro retentive drug delivery system was
developed and fabricated containing the drug 5 fluoro uracil. The aim of the work was
to get a modified release pharmaceutical dosage form that could be used in the treatment
of cancer. Floating drug delivery system are well proved and documented to be
therapeutically superior to conventional dosage system in number of studies.
In chapter VI the optimization of the tablet process parameters was performed to
find out the optimum operational conditions and to optimize the formula. The tablets
were obtained by wet granulation method for all the formulations F- I to F- XII and
evaluated for the buoyancy lag time and floating time, hardness, weight variation and
drug content. Based on the performance with respect to buoyancy lag time, floating time
and the release characteristics, the formulation (F- IX) was selected as the best formula as
it showed a buoyancy time of 24 seconds and a floatation time of 24 hours. This
formulation (F- 9) showed a sustained release rate throughout its release period.


Aeroelasticity is a broad term that describes the often complex interactions between aerodynamics and structural mechanics. The active control of aeroelastic phenomena is of particular research interest as it can lead to a reduction in weight and an increase in performance of an airframe. For more background on the analysis and control of aeroelastic systems, the reader is referred to the article by Mukhopadhyay [1]. A two degree-of-freedom wing section that is allowed to pitch and plunge due to supporting translational and torsional springs has often been used as a testbed for novel aeroelastic control methodologies. Two such apparatus are commonly used for the experimental validation of these methodologies; the Benchmark Active Control Technologies (BACT) wing [1, 2], and the Nonlinear Aeroelastic Test Apparatus (NATA) [3, 4]. This work focusses on the NATA platform, and presents an improved dynamic model along with a dynamic-less state-feedback Linear Parameter Vary-


A prominent problem in knowledge representation is how to answer queries taking into account also the implicit consequences of an ontology representing domain knowledge. While this problem has been widely studied within the realm of description logic ontologies, it has been surprisingly neglected within the context of vague or imprecise knowledge, particularly from the point of view of mathematical fuzzy logic. In this paper, we study the problem of answering conjunctive queries and threshold queries w.r.t. ontologies in fuzzy DL-Lite. Specifically, we show through a rewriting approach that threshold query answering w.r.t. consistent ontologies remains in

${AC}^{0}$

 in data complexity, but that conjunctive query answering is highly dependent on the selected triangular norm, which has an impact on the underlying semantics. For the idempotent Gödel t-norm, we provide an effective method based on a reduction to the classical case.


Aiming at the scatter problem in Flat Panel Detector (FPD)-based Digital Radiography (DR) and Computed Tomography (CT) imaging systems, a scatter detection and correction method based on Beam Attenuation Array (BAA) was proposed. In this method, the BAA is placed between the X-ray source and the detected object, and it is composed of the small ball array and its fixed substrate. The scatter values in the projection centers of the small ball array are calculated by using of the characteristic of a small part of the ray attenuation caused by the BAA, and then the whole scatter image is obtained by using Catmull-Clark subdivision surface approximation method to fit these scatter values. To complete the scatter correction, the final projection image is got by subtracting the corresponding scatter image from the original projection image. The experimental results show that the proposed method is practical and effective to detect and correct the scatter in DR/CT imaging systems.


This interdisciplinary collection is the first to comprehensively review the IDEIA 2004 Act and distill the changes to professionals working with learning-disabled students. The book takes an overarching perspective; the first half of the book situates IDEIA in its historical, political, and legal context while the second half covers practical issues that need to be addressed by professionals on a daily basis.


The mathematical model of temperature, electric field and charge density dynamics in the course of thermal breakdown is considered. Development of thermal instability caused by local temperature increase is investigated with the help of numerical simulation. Start conditions and spatial-temporal characteristics of the electrical-thermal structure growth resulting in formation of highly conducting channel and filamentary thermal breakdown are obtained.


An online voting system for elections in India is first described in this application. As the high-security password of the voter must be checked before the vote is tallied in the main database of the Election Commission of India, the recommended approach has more security. The additional feature of the model enables the voter to confirm that their vote was cast for the appropriate candidate party. Under this system, a voter has the choice to cast a ballot from a location different than the one that is assigned to them or from their preferred website. The recommended technology will automatically count the votes, saving a considerable amount of time and enabling the Indian Election Commissioner to announce the results in a very condensed time.


A four channel bolometer head was mounted on CHS and used to investigate the effectiveness of wire mesh in blocking unabsorbed microwaves which can produce spurious signals on the bolometer sensors. The 50 mesh per inch, 20 micron diameter tungsten wire mesh was effective in blocking 70% of the 53 GHz signal and 50% of the 106 GHz signal. When an additional mesh was added at a separation of L.4 mm (I"/4 for 53 GHz andL/2 for 106 GHz) the 53 GHz signal was reduced by more than a factor of 10 and the 106 GHz signal was reduced by an additionalT}o/o compared to the single mesh case. Experiments from CHS show that radiation reflected off the wall is at power levels which are 6% of the power seen on the peak central chord. Experiments on CHS in a neutral beam heated plasma with a three chord bolometer show that hollow radiation profiles during gas puffing become more peaked after the puff is turned off. As the injection angle of the neutral beam is varied from /t:80 cm to 87 cm to 94 cm this transition becomes more pronounced and extends beyond the termination of the gas puff.


The Indian state put stress on providing financial services to the poor and under privileged since independence. The commercial b nks were nationalized in 1969 and were directed to lend 40% of their lonable funds, at a concessional rate, to the priority sector. The pr iority sector included agriculture and other rural activities and the weak er strata of society in general. The aim was to provide resource to help th e poor to attain selfsufficiency. They had neither resources nor employm ent opportunities to be financially independent let alone meet the worker c onsumption needs.


In this paper, we address the problem of tolerating the adverse effects of input faults on the operation of a class of asynchronous sequential machines. Occurring to either the external input or the control input generated by the controller, input faults can cause unauthorized changes of the input value. In the framework of corrective control, we present the necessary and sufficient condition for the existence of an appropriate controller that invalidates the effects of input faults, while controlling the considered machine so as to match the stable state behavior of the closed-loop system to a reference model. An illustrative example is provided for demonstrating the proposed control scheme.


9149 Background: Sunitinib (SUN) and sorafenib (SOR) are oral tyrosine kinase inhibitors approved for renal cell carcinoma and gastrointestinal stromal tumors (SUN) and hepatocellular carcinoma (SOR). Sporadic reports of thyroid dysfunction and hypertension (HTN) have been made with these agents. Determination of the true side effect incidence will allow for more efficient monitoring and treatment recommendations. Methods: An observational cohort study was performed using de-identified pharmacy claims data from 2006 to 2009 to evaluate patients (pts) who were prescribed SUN, SOR or capecitabine (CAP). The primary outcome was time to first prescription for thyroid replacement (TR) or HTN treatment. CAP was used as a comparison group for drug-induced hypothyroidism or HTN. Pts were included if they had at least 2 consecutive prescriptions or 45 days of consecutive therapy. Exclusion criteria included presence of concurrent prescriptions for other oral cancer therapies or active prescriptions for TR or HTN t...


This article presented a kind of general industrial controller based on real-time industrial Ethernet Powerlink(EPL). On the analysis of the Embedded Control system based on the characteristics of the network topology structure and communication,the features of a real-time industrial EPL were discussed and were transplanted to the ARM. The logical architectures of networked real-time control system based on EPL were given including a management node、an I / O control node and an A / D acquisition node. Data interaction between control tasks and EPL were analyzed. The experiment was carried out for a prototype system including master station and slave station. The experiment results indicate that the system response time can be up to the order of microsecond and the jitter time of the of the switching time can be two 2 microseconds. Real-time data acquisition can also be realized,thus providing a feasible solution for the implementation of the real-time monitoring of on-site Ethernet.


The speed at which firefighting aircraft release their payload is a critical factor in the effectiveness of their use. This paper presents a retrofit modification that can be made to existing Air Tractor AT-802F firefighting aircraft used in Australia to increase their effectiveness by reducing the stall speed using low-profile, sub-boundary layer, vortex generators on the wing upper surface. A numerical optimization study was conducted using ANSYS FLUENT, where the lift coefficient of a NACA 4415 airfoil section was maximized at the stall angle for the plain airfoil. A 2-stage optimization process involving Kriging surrogate modeling and Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) was applied to narrow the search space and then find the optimal location and dimensions of the micro Vortex Generators (VG). The final design yielded a 49% increase in the maximum lift coefficient of the airfoil and suggested that the commonly used evenly spaced VG pairs may not be the most effective arrangement.


It is required that temperature reduction should be achieved in short time by air condition system in cab and car.Therefore,the characteristics of temperature reduction should be studied.By analyzing the thermal and humidity factors which Affect the temperature reducing phase in air condition system,the author proposes a Studying method which analyses the characteristics of temperature reduction of air condition system and introduces a method which calculates the capacity of air condition unit basing on the temperature reduction rate.


The formula of preloading time of eliminating primary consolidation under charge is worked out, taking the deformation of second consolidation caused by preloading of soft soil surcharge into account. The influences of different surcharge amounts and different surcharge preloading time on saturated soft-soil second consolidation are researched through laboratory tests , which is useful for soft soil ground treatment with draining consolidation method.


Background and Objectives: To determine the association of hyper-reactivity to environmental allergens and mucosal secretion cytology with the course of disease in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis and nasal polyps (CRSwNP). Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted at Tehran Clinic of Asthma and Allergy in 2016. Adult patients who earned the definite diagnosis of CRSwNP and were free of serious underlying disease were selected. A comprehensive history regarding the course of disease was taken. Success or failure of previous interventions was defined as subsiding the symptoms and no need for further invasive intervention of surgery. Physical examination, pulmonary function test, nasal smear from both nasal cavities and skin prick test were performed for all enrolled subjects. The results were compared among participants with different course of disease. Results: A total of 45 patients with mean age of 35.8±11.7 (18 to 60 years) were enrolled. Of the participants, 30 (66.7%) had asthma, medical treatment was failed in 23(51.1%), 25 underwent surgery in whom it was failed in 5 (11.1%). Regardless of course of disease, neutrophilia was the predominant cytology of nasal smear. Of the participants, 17 (37.8%) had no sensitization, while, 11(24.4%) showed mono-sensitization and 17(37.8%) were poly-sensitized. Seasonal allergy was found in 16(35.5%), while, perennial sensitization was in 19 (42.2%). Failures of medical treatment were more sensitized to seasonal allergens (45.2% vs 14.3%, p=0.045). Failures of surgery, were found to have poly sensitization to both of perennial and seasonal allergens (66.7% vs 21.1%, p=0.037). Conclusion: Atopy is frequently present in patients with CRSwNP and pattern of sensitization can affect the outcome of intervention. With respect to different pattern of sensitization among failed and successful interventions, determining the sensitizations prior to any intervention is suggested. Patient counseling regarding the recurrence of disease can be done in accordance with atopic profile.


Many variational inequality problems (VIPs) can be reduced, by a compactification procedure, to a VIP on the canonical simplex. Reformulations of this problem are studied, including smooth reformulations with simple constraints and unconstrained reformulations based on the penalized Fischer--Burmeister function. It is proved that bounded level set results hold for these reformulations under quite general assumptions on the operator. Therefore, it can be guaranteed that minimization algorithms generate bounded sequences and, under monotonicity conditions, these algorithms necessarily find solutions of the original problem. Some numerical experiments are presented.


The treatment scenario for patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC) is witnessing its third revolution: the first was the advent of anti-angiogenic targeted therapies, consisting in tyrosine-kinase inhibitors (TKIs) targeting vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF); the second was the introduction of immunotherapy, consisting in immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI), like anti-programmed death 1 (PD-1) receptor or anti-programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1); the third and current revolution is the advent of ICI and TKIs combination.


Objective: To investigate the morphology features of temporomandibular joint in adult class Ⅱ malocclusions with different vertical skeletal.Methods: 59 adults including normal occlusion group,class Ⅱ-vertical-growth-pattern group and class Ⅱ-horizontal-growth-pattern group malocclusions were underwent with 16-slice spiral CT.The articular spaces of TMJ and parameters of skeletal morphology of TMJ were measured in the multiplanner reformation(MPR) images.The data were analyzed by SPSS software.Results: A 61.1 percent of condyle of the class Ⅱ-horizontal-growth-pattern group malocclusions were in a retro-displacement position in the glenoid fossa.There were statistical difference compared with control group and class Ⅱ-vertical-growth-pattern group(P0.01).The gradient of pros bevel of condyle process,the gradient of back bevel of articular tuberele and the deep of gleniod fossa of class Ⅱ-vertical-growth-pattern group were less than that of class Ⅱ-horizontal-growth-pattern group(P0.05).The morphology of upper condyle of class Ⅱ-vertical-growth-pattern group was slender,however that of class Ⅱ-horizontal-growth-pattern group was shor.But the height of condyle in all three groups were similar.Conclusion: There are different TMJ morphology between adult class Ⅱmalocclusions with different vertical skeletal pattern.The results can be used as reference for treatment of adult patients with malocclusion.


The present study was carried out to assess the performance of the recently certified Badri cattle, which is adapted to the topography and climate of Uttarakhand. Performance of the cattle was measured using various traits, viz. milk yield/day (litres), lactation length (months), dry period (days), productive life (years), age at puberty (years), age at first calving (years), breeding capacity (number of calves born/cow), inter calving period (months), conception rate (number of services/conception), service period (months) and draught animal power. The study was conducted in 12 villages from 4 blocks of Almora and Pauri Garhwal district of Uttarakhand by personally interviewing 120 Badri cattle owners through semi structured interview schedule. There is no significant difference between the 2 districts with respect to various performance traits. The average milk yield/day/cow, lactation length, dry period and productive life were found to be 1.6±0.7 litre/day, 11.8±2.1 months, 1.9±0.7 months and 11.9±1.6 years, respectively. The average age at puberty, age at first calving, breeding capacity, inter calving period, conception rate and service period were observed to be 3.2±0.7 years, 4.3±0.7 years, 8.8±1.4 calves/cow in lifetime, 13.7±1.9 months, 1.4±0.6 service/conception and 4.7±1.9 months respectively. Average working days/year, average working hours/day and average area ploughed/day were 32.9±7.6 days/year, 3.9±0.9 h/day, 0.4±0.05 acres/day respectively. Keeping in view the lower performance of the Badri cattle there is need of improvement by starting various plan and strategies to spread the importance of nutrition and better management practices by the government, which will further encourage the people of hills to conserve the cattle along with increasing the viability and profitability of Badri cattle rearing among the marginal and landless farmers.


This paper begins with the conception of accounting and management continues to discuss their interdependent and interactional relationship, analyze the relationship between value chain management and value chain accounting in light of their theoretic framework as well as practical operation. It ventures to draw a clear outline of value chain management and value chain accounting, so as to avoid theoretic misunderstandings.


This year, they will be voting in two different elections and will select Rugby Borough Councillors and The Police and Crime Commissioner, who holds the police to account.


A new procedure is presented for calculating the shape of focusing mirrors by controlling the phase distribution of Gaussian beams. The angle of incidence and three of the four beam parameters (beam waist radii and focal lengths of the incident and reflected beams) can be chosen arbitrarily. The remaining quantity is computed so that the beam radii of both beams are matched to each other at the center of the mirror.<<ETX>>


AbstractIn order to study the thermal properties of reactive powder concrete (RPC) at high temperatures, the thermal conductivity, thermal diffusivity, specific heat capacity, and linear expansion ...


The invention provides a slipping construction method for a large-span steel structure roof cover, wherein a multilayered slipping assembly jig is provided on the construction site; various layers of sliding assemble jigs perform horizontal slippage on rails with different heights respectively; and each rail is respectively provided with at least one traction device and a synchronous control device. The slipping construction method comprises the following construction steps: adjusting the height of the slipping assembly jigs according to the design height requirement; hanging an assembled steel structure arch on the slipping assembly jib, forming a slipping unit through pairing and welding and fixing the slipping unit on the slipping assembly jib; making the slipping assembly jig and the slipping unit synchronously slipped to a designed assembly position with equal height through traction of the traction device and synchronous control of the synchronous control device; and fixedly assembling the slipping unit which is slipped in place. The slipping construction method realizes slipping assembly of the large-span steel structure roof cover by the technical proposal, and makes the arch have uniform stress during slippage and assembly and be difficult to deform.


Rapid spectral changes in the hard X-ray on a timescale down to ∼0.1 s are studied by applying a "shot analysis" technique to the Suzaku observations of the black hole binary Cygnus X-1, performed on 2008 April 18 during the low/hard state. We successfully obtained the shot profiles, covering 10–200 keV with the Suzaku HXD-PIN and HXD-GSO detector. It is notable that the 100–200 keV shot profile is acquired for the first time owing to the HXD-GSO detector. The intensity changes in a time-symmetric way, though the hardness changes in a time-asymmetric way. When the shot-phase-resolved spectra are quantified with the Compton model, the Compton y-parameter and the electron temperature are found to decrease gradually through the rising phase of the shot, while the optical depth appears to increase. All the parameters return to their time-averaged values immediately within 0.1 s past the shot peak. We have not only confirmed this feature previously found in energies below ∼60 keV, but also found that the spectral change is more prominent in energies above ∼100 keV, implying the existence of some instant mechanism for direct entropy production. We discuss possible interpretations of the rapid spectral changes in the hard X-ray band.


This paper presents an innovative application of the Disciple Learning Agent Shell to the building of an educational agent that generates history tests for middle school students, to assist in the assessment of their understanding and use of higher-order thinking skills. Disciple has been taught by an educator to generate and answer basic test questions and to explain the answers. From its interaction with the educational expert, Disciple has learned general rules that allow it to generate a large number of new test questions for students, together with hints, answers, and explanations of the answers. As a result, it can guide the students during their practice of higher-order thinking skills as they would be directly guided by the educator. It can also be used by the educator to generate a different exam for each student in the class. Disciple has been experimentally evaluated by history experts, students and tea-chers, with very promising results. The work on developing this educational agent illustrates an integration of machine learning, knowledge acquisition, problem solving and intelligent tu-toring systems in the context of computer-based assessment involving multimedia documents.


We develop a family of tractable models for UAV mobility. Based on a system of coupled stochastic differential equations, the resulting models exhibit realistic trajectories and flexible covariance structures, making them suitable for both small scale and large scale applications. Closed form solutions for steady state and transient position distributions, as well as position covariance, are derived. These results are subsequently used to obtain distance outage probabilities and pathloss. The analytical results allow us to assess the impact of a variety of system parameters related to device control, navigation and position measurement errors. Finally, using measured UAV flight data, we show an excellent goodness of fit between the proposed model and the data.


A gamelan trigger has been designed and developed to support karawitan learning. A research and development method involving a series of the process has been conducted to produce this scientific artwork. This paper examines the trigger production stageswhich mainly focus on the work of mechanical system setting of the gamelan model. The research finally comes to the conclusionthat the mechanical system of the model can meet the requirements needed for providing a real form of gamelan in a smaller size.


Research on the spatial distribution of economic systems spans a wide variety of disciplines – including economics, geography and urban planning. The interdisciplinary connectedness of these disciplines assists significantly in the understanding of overall patterns in economic growth, urbanisation and context-specific social issues. The recent economic gradient of developing countries has been synonymous with rapid economic growth and urbanisation. Although Brazil, China, India and South Africa, which form part of BRICS, experience relative levels of urbanisation, the challenges of rural-urban migration have been analogous. Empirical evidence suggests that rapid urbanisation does not necessarily mean development. Spatial planning models such as the Core and Periphery Model, Small Town Driving Model, Regional Urban-Rural Integration Model, and Urban Rural Network Model, have been experimented by different states in an attempt to curtail the effects of overpopulation in urban areas and to minimise the gap between urban and rural areas. However, during the industrialisation period, much of the successes of these models have been through nationally driven policies such as periodic five-year growth plans that shifted away from agriculture and which have been biased toward radical industrialisation. The contemporary discourse around decentralisation has, over the years, created room for a less concentrated and dogmatic approach to spatial planning. This has, in turn, however, led to much scrutiny of the viability of top-down and bottom-up approaches. This paper interrogates existing models of planning and compares ways of redressing the increased disparity between core and periphery regions. The findings from the paper expose that the various integrative planning models that have been presented in the different cases, although slightly different, have a strong correlation and relevance to existing planning theory. Furthermore, experiences from the presented cases hint brazenly for more agglomerative and proactive approaches rather than the recurrent reactive approach to populace planning.


Phase‐coherent digital communications systems require complicated receivers to overcome the intersymbol interference caused by the time‐varying multipath propagation of shallow‐water acoustic channels. However, many of these channels feature ''sparse'' impulse responses in that the received signal arrives in distinct clusters separated by time periods in which little signal energy arrives at the receiver. If the phase‐coherent message is divided into multiple ''minipackets'' such that the minipacket duration is shorter than the time span between the distinct multipath clusters, then the receiver configuration can be simplified considerably. The short packets may be frequency hopped so that a given frequency is vacated until subsequent multipath arrivals have died out. Each minipacket is decoded using a maximum‐likelihood decoder. If each chip is not phase‐encoded, the system reduces to a noncoherent frequency‐hopped modulation technique. Experimental results are included to demonstrate the potential perfo...


Aniline monomer coated on the nanotubes in HCl solution was used to prepare a composite of multi-wall carbon nanotube/polyaniline (MWCNT/PANI) by in-situ polymerization. Multi-wall carbon nanotubes were treated by the mixed acid (HNO3:H2SO4 in a ratio of 1:3). The content of MWCNT in the samples was 0-20 wt%. The nanocomposites were characterized by Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), Fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), Raman spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy. The mechanical properties of the MWCNT/PANI nanocomposites were also measured. The results showed that the MWCNT was well dispersed in water after purification. Both FT-IR and Raman spectra illustrated the presence of MWCNT in the composites; the interaction between PANI and MWCNT was proved. The Young΄s modulus was 618MPa with 20wt% loading. The effects of treatment of MWCNT on the mechanical properties of MWCNT/PANI nanocomposites are discussed.


An experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of different antibiotics, probiotics and their combination on performance and carcass yield of broiler chickens. Also, the experiment aimed to verify the probiotics sensibility to the antibiotics and the coccidiostatic utilized. Fourteen hundred and forty one-day-old male chicks, Hubbard, were randomly distributed in a 3 x 3 factorial design: antibiotic in the diet (without antibiotic, virginiamicin, and avilamicin) and probiotic in the diet (without probiotic, and probiotics A and B), totaling nine treatments with four replicates of 40 birds each. The probiotics were: A) Streptococcus faecium, Lactobacillus acidophilus and Saccharomyces cerevisiae; B) Bacillus subtilis. It was verified that the tested probiotics can be used together with sodic monensine (coccidiostatic) and the avilamicin (growth promoter). However, the presence of virginiamicin can impair the probiotics viability, since the probiotics microorganisms were sensible to virginiamicin (observed in vitro). There was no significant interaction between antibiotic and probiotic for the evaluated variables. Mortality was reduced by the use of probiotics A or B, whereas the use of avilamicin increased mortality from 1 to 42 days of age. The other performance, carcass and parts yield characteristics were not influenced by the administration of probiotics, antibiotics or by the combination of such products in the diets.    KEY WORDS: Additives, birds, carcass yield, parts yield, performance.


In this excerpt from Episode 332 of Software Engineering Radio, host Jeremy Jung talks with guest John Doran about his experiences repairing the engineering process at Phorest, a Dublin-based company that books appointments in the hair and beauty salon industry. In this excerpt, Doran discusses how technical debt threatened to sink the company, how the company diagnosed the problems, and how it fixed them by changing technology, process, and culture. To hear the full interview, visit http://www.se-radio.net or access our archives via RSS at http://feeds.feedburner.com/se-radio.


Current Mexican government sites lack any commons structure, catalogue of services, use of language or information requirements. State sites can be citizens oriented for a term, and an opposing party might completely change the sites objectives and become a platform for political propaganda on the next term. The motivation for websites to improve was a ranking recently abandoned. This ranking was focused mostly on technical functionality (chats, calendar, navigation) instead of the use of these tools. This paper describes the most common problems found on sites and explains the need for a new ranking that focuses on the quality of information, the amount of screen space used for functionality and the interaction of citizens with its government departments.


The purpose of this chapter is to provide a general account of the various approaches that can be used in managing wildlife tourist interactions. In accordance with the interrelationship between impacts and management and the interdependent array of wildlife management strategies there will be some overlap, both within this chapter and between this chapter and Chapters 2 and 5.


Internet service discovery is an emerging topic to study the deployment of protocols. Towards this end, our community periodically scans the entire advertised IPv4 address space. In this paper, we question this principle. Being good Internet citizens means that we should limit scan traffic to what is necessary. We conducted a study of scan data, which shows that several prefixes do not accommodate any host of interest and the network topology is fairly stable. We argue that this allows us to collect representative data by scanning less. In our paper, we explore the idea to scan all prefixes once and then identify prefixes of interest for future scanning. Based on our analysis of the "censys.io" data set (4.1 TB data encompassing 28 full IPv4 scans within 6 months) we found that we can reduce scan traffic between 25-90% and miss only 1-10% of the hosts, depending on desired trade-offs and protocols.


The corrosion inhibition of Cu-Zn-Fe alloy in hydrochloric acid medium by crude ethanol extracts from roots-leaves synergy of Solanum melongena have been studied with chemical methods (mass loss and gasometric methods). At 3.0 grams per litre concentration of the roots-leaves synergy of Solanum melongena, it was observed that a 98.8 % inhibition efficiency was recorded as corrosion rate of alloy was decreasing with inhibitor increase. Temperature evaluation on the inhibitor showed 99.2 > 88.4 > 85.6 % as trial was conducted from 303-323 respectively, and in respect to increasing concentration, corrosion rate was found to be 1.718 > 0.013, 0.0192 and 0.247 at 303, 313 and 323 respectively. All these present a good result for the synergistic inhibitor and a proof of its efficiency in controlling the corrosion of Cu-Zn-Fe alloy in hydrochloric acid medium. Inhibition mechanism was deduced from the activation and thermodynamic parameters that govern the process. Adsorption of extract on the Cu-Zn-Fe alloy was found to obey the Langmuir adsorption isotherm. The phenomenon of physical adsorption is proposed from the obtained thermodynamic parameters.


Nitroacetamidine undergoes a useful cyclocondensation with β-diketones to produce substituted 2-amino-3-nitropyridines. Use of an acylpyruvate generates hitherto unreported 2-amino-3-nitropyridine-4-carboxylates. These may be converted easily to functionalized imidazo[4,5-b]pyridines and oxazolo-[5,4-b]pyridines.


ABSTRACT Growth in the Permian eosuchian Thadeosaurus is described. Specimens ranging from a poorly ossified juvenile, probably less than a year old, to fully ossified adults are known, showing approximately a three-fold increase in linear dimensions. Changes in the proportions, degree of ossification and configuration of the skeletal elements can be seen. Allometric growth is analyzed by means of the power equation, using vertebral length as a standard.


We analysed of the images generated with multi-slice CT in the longitudinal direction (Z) and assessed the noise equivalent quanta (NEQ)evaluation. Evaluation of image quality in NEQ, was possible to accuracy of reappearance in low at high frequency characteristics. In addition, NEQ information was confirmed of usefulness in compared with Winer spectra and MTF method. Examination results suggest that the quantitative analysis in characteristics of image noise and image resolution at multi-slice CT images can provide an optimal parameter for improving quality of images in clinical data.


An examination of the proposed experimental program for Hall C at CEBAF reveals a major emphasis on coincidence experiments involving a {open_quotes}core{close_quotes} spectrometer and a second arm capable of detecting particles with momenta < 2 GeV/c with moderate energy and angular resolution. In most cases, the core spectrometer serves to tag a virtual photon, which induces a reaction in a nuclear target resulting in the ejection of a hadron in the energy range (0.2-2.0 GeV) which is observed in the second spectrometer. Nuclear physics topics addressed in these experiments include color transparency, nucleon propagation, pion electroproduction, and hyperon physics. All of these programs require an acceptance in the hadron spectrometer as large as possible in solid angle and momentum to maximize operational efficiency. In addition, relatively short spectrometer drift lengths are required in experiments involving detection of pions or kaons in order to minimize decay losses. Because the requirements for energy resolution in this class of experiments is moderate, typically {approximately} 10{sup -3}, an optimized design with a short optical length less than 10 m will provide a well-matched spectrometer capability. Excellent particle discrimination will be essential for detection of pions and kaons in the presence of high backgrounds. Operationmore » at luminosities as high as 10{sup 38}/cm{sup 2} sec will be required frequently. To provide this second-arm capability, the Argonne group has built, under contract to CEBAF, a short-orbit spectrometer, the SOS, based on a QD{bar D} design. The QD{bar D} configuration provides a large momentum acceptance, with good energy resolution and solid-angle acceptance in a very compact geometry which can meet the needs of a broad spectrum of studies appropriate for Hall C at CEBAF.« less


Abstract Naturally occurring populations of immature and adult Geocoris punctipes, adult Coleomegilla maculata and immature coccinellids were monitored on field-grown tomato lines susceptible and resistant to Manduca sexta and Helicoverpa zea. Helicoverpa zea and Heliothis virescens eggs and small larvae that serve as prey for these predators also were monitored. More H. zea and H. virescens eggs and small larvae were found on resistant than on susceptible plant lines. However, similar populations of large H. zea and H. virescens larvae were found on resistant and susceptible plants. The number of adult Geocoris punctipes, adult Coleomegilla maculata and immature coccinellids on resistant plants was always as high or higher than the number on susceptible plants. The data demonstrate no incompatibility of host-plant resistance with biological control provided by these predaceous insects, but indicate that the number of G. punctipes and coccinellids required to provide effective biological control may develop too late in the season to be of practical value. Large populations of stilt bugs ( Jalysus wickhami, Hemiptera: Berytidae) and spiders were observed to occur earlier in the growing season than either G. punctipes or coccinellids and may be a significant source of mortality for H. zea eggs and small larvae.


Our original observation was that plasma made plasminogen-free by lysine sepharos chromatography accelerated the streptokinase activation of purified plasminogen when measured by means of a chromogenic peptide substrate. The substance with this property is preciptable from plasma with 3-5 % polyethylen-glycol (PEG) , it is eluted near the front on Sepharos 6 B gelfiltration and does not move on electrophoresis at pH 8.6. The activity is not lost on heating to 65°C for 10 min. Traces of immunoglobulins, C-3, C-4, alfa and betalipoproteins present in the purified co-factor preparations were removed by means of affinity chromatography without loss of co-factor activity. The co-factor does not in itself have any proteolytic activity and it cannot be activated with streptokinase or urokinase to give proteolytic activity. It is a potent accelerator of the streptokinase plasminogen activation. One of the two tested commercial streptokinase preparations was found to be influenced more than the other by the co-factor. When this preparation was run on a Sephadex 200 column a certain fraction with a high co-factor "sensitivity" was identified. We have not been able to separate two distinct activities from the streptokinase preparation.


Face recognition is a technique that an electronic device like a computer can determine and recognize a human face by comparing the given sample of facial attributes of that person. This subject or topic, using unbiased facial data, computer- based face recognition as an analysis is a largely unexplained part of research study. Here in this research paper we have tried to find and present a ideal way of face detection using Python and a computer device with active integrated web cam. This report contains how using python we have tried to implement one of the most important part of computer science, Deep learning, which can be used for detecting or recognizing human faces. We have proposed a system that can help in recognizing a human face in real-time. This can be used for various purpose and various machine and smart devices


Through single-factor experiment and orthogonal experiment,using the fresh sugarcane produced in Jiangsu as the raw materials,this paper studied the processing technology and optimum formula of sugarcane-flavored vinegar.The results showed that the alcoholic content in the fermentation liquid increased along with the increase of sugar degree;considering from the cost and taste,the optimal percentage of sugarcane was determined to be 12% for fermentation.At 30 ℃ fermentation temperature,the acid-producing speed showed a quickening trend when the inoculation quantity of Acetobacter increased,and the optimum inoculation quantity of Acetobacter was 12%.According to the result of sensory evaluation,the optimal formula of the sugarcane vinegar was achieved as follows: sugar degree 40 g/L,acidity 4% and honey scalar 1.5%.The taste of the sugarcane vinegar,which was made with the above processing technologies and optimal formula,was very good with the special fragrant flavor of the sugarcane,and its quality indexes all reached the national standards.


Flange Height and Flange Thickness are vital parameters for train wheels. Usually, they are manually measured by wheel vernier after train stopped. This article introduces a dynamic wheel inspection system. Pulsed slit diode lasers project onto wheel tread while train is in motion, CCD cameras record light-section images of wheel profile. Geometric parameters and profile of wheel are measured on basis of image processing. This paper introduces measuring principle and structure of this inspection system, analyzes influences resulted from laser parameters and environment, designs instantaneous high-powered slit diode laser and narrowband optical filter according to ±0.2mm accuracy requirement and environment situation.


This reflection follows a three week internship at the second session of the Human Rights Council in Geneva in September 2006. The Council was debating a wide ranging agenda which included thematic and country reports from Special Rapporteurs, discussions on the new modalities for the Council and the role and participation of civil society in Council deliberations. Much of the effectiveness of the Council lies not only in the ability of States to transcend their differences, but also in how successfully civil society organisations negotiate their access through the formal and informal networks of relationships created before, during and after the Council sessions. This observation seeks to explore the complex dynamics of conflict and complementarity that exists between insider and outsider NGOs as they negotiate the transition from Commission to Council and the new opportunities for participation that it offers. On the one hand differing agendas, needs, and constraints come into conflict, particularly between NGOs with a permanent presence at the UN in Geneva (GNGOs) and those that arrive from outside to attend the Council (non-GNGOs). At the same time the relationship between these two groups is also complementary as the presence of NGOs from outside the 'Geneva Bubble' reinforces the relationship between standard setting activities at the UN and actual change in the human rights situations in individual countries.


Purpose: Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.) is one of the most widely cultivated food crops in Niger, but Niger's agriculture remains dependent on agro-climatic and edaphic conditions. The main objective of this study is to evaluate the combined effect of zai and the number of plants per crop on cowpea growth and yield parameters.
Methodology: Two (2) factors were studied: the zaï's factor (A) and the number of plants per crop factor (B). The experimental design used is a total randomization device with three (3) repetitions.
Findings: The results showed that the A2B2 treatment is characterized by the variables, good yield of pods, seeds, biomass and dry matter. A2B2 treatment had the best grain yield compared to A2B1. The average grain yield ranges from 173.3±68.1 to 1250±720 (kg/ha). However, there is no significant difference between the different treatments on the parameter of biomass.
Unique Contribution to Theory, Practice and Policy: In this study, the best performance is obtained with two (2) plants per crop without zai techniques.


The FePt single layer films with different thickness were deposited by RF magnetron sputtering on glass and Corning glass substrates, and the L10-FePt films were obtained after the as-deposited samples were subjected to vacuum annealing using different cooling processes. It costs 7 hours for the temperature to decrease from 550 to the room temperature during the natural cooling process, however it just costs 1.5 hours during the fast cooling process.Results show that after annealed at for 1h, the perpendicular coercivity of the FePt single layer films decreases with the increasing of FePt layer thickness, and the FePt 15nm film exhibits a high perpendicular coercivity of 8308 Oe and a low in-plane coercivity of 5141 Oe, which suggests that the film exhibits a high perpendicular anisotropy. The FePt films with nature cooling can obtain larger Mr/Ms values than that with fast cooling.


The geometric profile, factors such as thickness, flatness, and local warp, are important quality features for a wafer. Fast and accurate measurements of those features are crucial in multistage wafer manufacturing processes to ensure product quality, process monitoring, and quality improvement. The current wafer profile measurement schemes are time-consuming and are essentially an offline technology and hence are unable to provide a quick assessment of wafer quality. This article proposes a sequential measurement strategy to reduce the number of samples measured in wafers while still providing an adequate accuracy for quality feature estimation. In the proposed approach, initial samples are measured and then a Gaussian process model is used to fit the measured data and generate a true profile of the measured wafer. The profile prediction and its uncertainty serve as guidelines to determine the measurement locations for the next sampling iteration. The measurement stops when the prediction error of the testing sample set satisfies a pre-designated accuracy requirement. A case study is provided to illustrate the procedures and effectiveness of the proposed methods based on the wafer thickness profile measurement in slicing processes.


Rarely are decision support tools developed by those who use them. This creates the potential for mismatching support provided with actual help required. Client context evaluation surveys offer a means of ensuring the output of decision support tools match the needs of clients they are intended to serve. This paper recounts the experiences gained from a context evaluation survey to clarify how irrigators in the northern part of the Murray-Darling Basin make cropping area and water management decisions. Examples from survey findings illustrate the nature of the information to be gleaned from context evaluations. Irrigators demonstrated a good general understanding of the relationship between the Southern Oscillation Index (SOl) and rainfall in their area. Twenty per cent were very confident and 62% have some knowledge/understanding of the application of climate information to decisions. Twenty-nine per cent use the SOl in farming decisions. More than 50% would find a tool/information system useful to aid water and climate-related decisions and another 30% may find it useful. This survey has facilitated the formation of a focus group that is cooperating with the core researchers to continuously assess all new improvements to the project's set of decision support tools. Survey findings and interactions with the focus group have implications for design of decision support tools, technology transfer and making the information generated by our models understandable and acceptable to the practising farmers.


Abstract Nearly 1000 black and white, male and female factory workers were exposed in single-sex groups of four, each group working a full shift and attending for 1 day only, to air temperatures of 6, 12, 18, 24°C (cold series) and 20, 26, 32, 38°C (hot series). All exposures were at low humidity. Clothing levels were fixed for the cold series and the hot series. The exposures took place in a mobile climate chamber on the factory site and the workers performed a series of tasks to simulate factory work. Significant effects of temperature were recorded and the implications for factory design are noted.


Food preference of Brachytrupes membranaceus and proximate analysis of the nymphal and adult stages of B. membranaceus was carried out in the Arboretum and laboratory of the University of Calabar. The nymphs of B. membranaceus were sourced from the wild. Materials used as feeds included Anarcadium occidentale leaf (AOL), Arachis hypogea leaves and nuts (AHL, AHN), Telfairia occidentalis leaves (TOL), Ipomoea batatas leaves and tubers (IBL, IBT), also mixtures of all the vegetables, broiler mash, and control. An insectarium made up of 20 block compartments covering an area of 15×15 m with a distance of 1 m block from each treatment was built in the University's Arboretum. The treatments were arranged in a randomised complete block design with four replications. The nymphal stage of B. membranaceus was later introduced to the insectarium and fed with different rations. Data were collected several days to full maturity and weight gain at three weekly intervals till maturity. The results showed that B. membranaceus fed with vegetables and tubers recorded higher weight similar to those fed with broiler mash and mixtures. Proximate analysis of B. membranaceus shows protein source (53.4 g), dry matter content, average ash content (6.0 g), percentage lipid or fat (15.7 g), average crude fibre (6.3 g), average carbohydrate (15.20 g), macro and microelements. The result also showed the following amino acids; lysine (40.0), histidine (21.5), arginine (48.5), aspartic acid (73), threonine (18) serine (35), glutamic acid (150), proline (19.0), glycine (45.5), alanine (30.5), cystine (15.7), valine (37.8), methionine (20.5), isoleucine (45.8), leucine (55.9), tyrosine (24.6), and phenylalanine (38.5). Farming of B. membranaceus should be encouraged by poor resource farmers in Nigeria due to availability of their feed, its high protein contents and the presence of essential amino acid which is lacking in most in most Nigerian diets.


There has been widespread concern voiced recently about the inefficiency of th e Ada tasking mechanisms, in particular the time taken to execute a rendezvous . Some users, and some implementors, have suggested that for certain real-tim e systems it may never be possible to use the Ada rendezvous, and that other mean s of scheduling Ada tasks could be used, for example a package which implement s MASCOT control queues and has a "back door" access to the task scheduler . Thi s suggestion, while it probably does not contradict the standard, is regrettable , not least because it will reduce the portability of the program which uses suc h an unofficial scheduling system .


The High Luminosity LHC will force their experiments to cope with harsh radiation environments, in particular within the detectors closest to the interaction point. Pixel detectors in CMS will have to survive a fluence in excess of 1× 1016 neq cm−2. CMS, like ATLAS, will fill their innermost layers of the tracker with a new radiation-tolerance technology: the 3D pixel sensors. This technology must be implemented in the CMS full simulation. The implementation will enable the optimization with the Monte Carlo simulation of the several sensor and modules layouts currently being considered, and the potential hit reconstruction algorithms to be used. The aim of this project is to include the 3D sensor pixels in the CMSSW full simulation.


Received on 28 October and finalized on 8 November 2013 _____________________________________________________________________________ ABSTRACT Removal of Methylene Blue (MB) from aqueous solution by adsorbing it on Montmorillonite was investigated by batch method. The studies were conducted at 25°C and included the effects of pH and initial concentration of Methylene Blue. The adsorption of (MB), whose isotherms are modeled according to Langmuir and Freundlich, were studied at a variety of physical and chemical conditions. The data fitted very well with Freundlich isotherm. The maximum capacity of MB adsorbed on Natural and Activated Clay at equilibrium (Qe) (78 mg g −1 and 75.7 mg g −1 ) with a fixed adsorbent dose of 0.5 g L −1 was observed at MB concentration of 30 mg L −1 , 293° K, pH 7.5 and 270 min equilibrium time and maximum monolayer adsorption capacity was found to be 36 mg of the dye per gram of clay. The data were also analyzed in terms of their kinetic behavior and was found to obey the pseudo second order equation. In addition, various thermodynamic parameters, such as standard Gibbs free energy (ΔG◦), standard enthalpy (ΔH◦), standard entropy (ΔS◦), and the activation energy (Ea) were calculated. The adsorption process of MB dye onto clay was found to be spontaneous and endothermic process.


Creation and implementation of Donor Pasteurized Milk Policy; all nurses attended mandatory education session Implementation of 24-hour rooming in (no separation of mothers and newborns via standard nursery) Survey given to patients to identify the most popular reasons for supplementation Journal clubs discussing breastfeeding issues Consultations with lactation consultants at other facilities Increasing rates and duration of initial skin-toskin contact and first breastfeeding session Daily patient rounds and assessments by international board certified lactation consultant Mandatory interdisciplinary breastfeeding education for all nurses, obstetricians, and pediatricians Education related to alternative breast milk feeding methods Outside speaker (international board certified lactation consultant) that moderated discussion of obstacles to exclusive breast milk feeding Feeding care plans (for complicated situations) developed collaboratively with nurses and international board certified lactation consultants Implementation of mother and newborn "quiet time"