Smilax genus, which grows in tropical and temperate regions in the world, is a perennial plant with climbing branches and spiny stems from the Smilacaceae family. Smilax excelsa L. is widely used in the Black Sea region of Turkey for diet and folk medicine due to its medicinal properties. In this study, green and reddish young shoots of S. excelsa L. were used. These two groups were dried by four different drying methods including lyophilization (5 mm-Hg, -50°C, 20 h), microwave drying (500 W, 5 min), shade drying (25±2°C, 7 d), and drying in a drying oven (50°C, 4 h). Total phenolic contents, total monomeric anthocyanin contents, antioxidant activities, moisture contents, and color values of fresh and dried green and reddish shoots were determined. Antioxidant activity was determined by DPPH free radical scavenging activity and Fe reducing capacity (FRAP) methods. The moisture content of the dried shoots varied between 10.11% and 19.09%. All applied drying methods increased L* values of the shoots significantly (p<0.05). a* values of the dried plants varied between -3.24 and -7.75 in the green group and between 7.17 and 11.65 in the reddish group. b* values were higher in all groups than fresh samples (p<0.05). E.F. Topdaş, M. Demirbaş, M. Sengül, İ.G. Sat 315 While the lowest ΔE values were determined in lyophilized dried groups, the highest values were in oven-dried groups. Among the dried samples, the highest amounts of total phenolic substance and total monomeric anthocyanin were determined in the lyophilized dried red group as 33.58 mg gallic acid equivalent/ g dry weight and 0.46 mg cyanidin-3-glucoside/ g dry weight, respectively. The DPPH radical scavenging activity (as IC50) and Fe 3+ reduction capacity values of the dried samples were determined in the range of 1.88-3.65 mg/ g dry weight and 2.51-5.76 gallic acid equivalent/ g dry weight, respectively. In general, all drying methods were found to decrease antioxidant activity significantly (p<0.05). Among the applied drying methods, lyophilized drying was determined as the best antioxidant activity protective method.


Male, aged 47, an army officer, married. At examination for life insurance a large swelling had been discovere~ on the left side of the abdomen, of which the patient had been quite unaware. He was admitted to hospital in September, 1950, on a provisional diagnosis of an enlarged spleen. He had always been fit and athletic, did not admit to any complaints, and had not suffered from any serious illnesses or accidents.' It was, in fact, difficult to obtain a satisfactory history from him, and some of the details were only obtained later from his wife. There were two children, a daughter born in 1928, and a son born in 1945. Mter returning from India in 1947, he put on weight and his wife noticed that his breasts were slowly enlarging, the left more than the right. His sexual appetite became gradually but completely lost, whereas formerly it had been quite normal. Early in 1950 he experienced a few attacks of severe abdominal pain and sickness, but he paid little attention to them and did not consult a doctor.


Abstract : The long-term goal of this study is to understand the interaction between ocean surface roughness and various oceanic and atmospheric variables. Such knowledge is essential for further improvement of microwave remote sensing of ocean surface features, and advancement of various studies on air-sea interaction processes.


Psoralea corylifolia is an endangered and traditionally important medicinal plant of the family Fabaceae. It is used worldwide for the treatment of several ailments due to presence of various bioactive constituents that are mainly concentrated in seeds and fruits of plant. This review is an attempt to summarize the various pharmaceutical activities possessed by P. corylifolia and the effect of several abiotic stresses or elicitors on the bioactive constituents of the plant.


A new transverse flux permanent magnet motor (TFPM) with combined stator and concentrating flux rotor configurations is introduced in this paper. Both the complexity of manufacture and the cost of machine are dramatically reduced by this unique design. Three-dimensional magnetic network as the derivation of equivalent magnetic computation model is used to get more accurate results. The impacts of main parameters to power factor and force density are also discussed


A case of miliarv tuberculh)sis caused by the intrav-enous injection of a massive dose of v irulenit tubercle bacilli gi-es the clinician a rare opportuniitY to study tlis disease under ideal circumstances for investi -ation.


The protagonists in"The Yellow Wallpaper"and"The Story Of An Hour"have great similari- ties. First,both of them are the products of their time. Second,both their awakening and rebellion are un- conscious. Last,they corne to the same end──free at last.


This article presents 24-h wind speed forecasting for the city of La Serena in Chile and a methodology to explore forecasting effects on the production of wind turbine power. To that end, we used meteorological data from a weather station located in the southern zone of the hyper-arid Atacama Desert. In this area, energy resources are economically and environmentally important, and wind speed forecasting plays a vital role in the management and marketing processes of wind potential via wind farms. To contribute to the development of this energy, we propose carrying out the short-term prediction of 12 and 24 h ahead (identified as Ws(t + 12) and Ws(t + 24), respectively) using an artificial neural network with backpropagation approach. Hourly time series of wind speed, temperature, and relative humidity (from 2003 to 2006) were considered to characterize the artificial neural network in the training phase, while we used data from the year 2007 to check the efficiency of our prediction. For artificial neural network Ws(t + 12) and Ws(t + 24) models, we obtained similar performance of wind speed prediction with root mean square error of around 0.7 m s−1 and with maximum and minimum residuals of +4 and ‒4 m s−1, respectively. Based on the results, we gain a reliable tool to characterize wind speed properties in the range of 1 day within 20% of uncertainty. Moreover, this tool becomes useful to study the effects of our artificial neural network Ws(t + 12) and Ws(t + 24) models on the generation of wind energy from a wind power turbine parametrization.


Introduction In the immature cerebral cortex, radial organization of pyramidal cell bodies and axonal/dendritic processes give rise to significant water diffusion anisotropy [1]. In humans, this occurs during the second half of gestational development. Changes in cortical diffusion anisotropy are of potential clinical relevance as deviations from normal could indicate altered development or injury [2]. We have measured diffusion anisotropy in post mortem prenatal baboon brain to provide a model of anisotropy changes during primate gestation. Previous studies have reported regional patterns in preterm cortical diffusion anisotropy [3]. We hypothesize two potential sources of regional variations (Figure 1): global cortical maturation gradients, and area specificity of diffusion anisotropy. Cortical surface analyses [4] presented here provide evidence that both mechanisms likely influence the regional pattern of cortical diffusion anisotropy.


An Institute of Medicine (IOM) panel charged with reviewing the system for overseeing research involving children concluded in 2004 that Institutional Review Boards (IRBs), institutions engaged in research, and study sponsors should "adopt explicit written policies on acceptable and unacceptable types and amounts of payments related to [children's] research participation."1 We previously reported data on practices and policies in the U.S. regarding payments to children who participate in research and their parents.2 Here, we report additional results from our study and identify some of the decisions that must be made in developing payment plans and on which payment policies will be expected to offer guidance. We conclude that further conceptual analysis and empirical research are necessary before IRBs, institutions, and sponsors can develop specific rules on numerous aspects of payment. Nevertheless, payment policies that promote the ethical treatment of children in research and their parents can be developed. We propose a structure for such policies.

At the time the 2004 IOM report on pediatric research was issued, very little was known about practices and policies related to payments to either children who participate in research or to their parents. We conducted a study to document such policies and practices in research that enrolled children from birth through adolescence.3 We developed a four-page survey that included open- and closed-ended questions and contacted the first or corresponding author of studies that met the following criteria:

results were published in 2003 in Pediatrics, Archives of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Journal of the American Medical Association, or New England Journal of Medicine; (2) studies were conducted solely in the United States; (3) the first author was listed at an institution in the United States; (4) the study involved some prospective data collection…and (5) some research was conducted with children.4

Of the 175 eligible participants who received surveys, 81 completed the survey, for a response rate of 46.3 percent. Approximately one-half (51.9 percent, n=42) paid subjects, and the others (48.1 percent, n=39) did not. Cash (42.9 percent, n=18) and gift certificates (39.1 percent, n=16) were the most common forms of payment. For all 81 returned surveys, we used institutional Web sites and made direct contact with IRB offices when necessary to determine whether the institution had a policy that addressed payments to either children who participate in research or to their parents and whether those policies were in place at the time the studies that led to the publications in question were conducted. In the fall of 2005, 43 institutions (53.1 percent) had such policies. Some policies were more specific than others, and some included requirements that conflicted with guidelines in other policies. For example, three policies said that it was acceptable to correlate payments with risk, six said this was unacceptable, and the others did not address the issue.5 Of those 43 institutions that had policies in fall of 2005, only six (14 percent) had a policy in place when the published study was conducted.

Our survey asked a number of questions about why investigators paid particular amounts of money for study participation or why they did not pay subjects, as well as their beliefs about the relationship between payment, recruitment, and retention. Only 4.8 percent (n=2) of investigators who reported paying subjects stated that study risks played a role in determining the amount of payment offered while 61.5 percent (n=24) of those who did not pay stated that the fact that a study involved only minimal risk influenced the decision not to pay subjects. We have further investigated the relationship between risks and payment amount. We used the Kruskal-Wallis test, a non-parametric approach, to compare differences in the amount of payment offered among different risk factors, namely the following: the amount of physical risk, the amount of psychological/emotional risk, the amount of social risk, the amount of physical discomfort, the amount of psychological/emotional discomfort, and the funding source. The non-parametric test is used when the value of the dependent variable does not have a normal distribution, when the dependent variable is highly skewed, or when the sample size is small. Results are reported in Table 1. There were significant differences among the categories in the amount of physical risk (x2=10.444, df=3, p<0.05), the amount of social risk (x2=7.173, df=2, p<0.05), the amount of physical discomfort (x2=7.811, df=2, p<0.05), and the amount of psychological/emotional discomfort (x2=6.561, df=2, p<0.05). There were no statistically significant findings in the amount of psychological risk or the funding type. No physical risk received the highest mean of ranking (35.33), followed by more than a minor increase over minimal risk (28), minor increase over minimal risk (24.29), and minimal risk (16.19). The pattern for other variables appeared to be the same. In other words, if investigators offered any payment, they offered a relatively large sum for studies that they stated posed no risk. (All research that involves human subjects carries some risk, though perhaps that risk is minimal and some think negligible.) When a study involved a risk and the study paid, then, as the risk level increased, the payment also increased. This does not show that investigators paid more because of the increased risk, but it does raise questions about whether risk may have influenced the amount of payment directly or indirectly and about what level and types of payments are acceptable in higher risk research. Although there was no statistically significant difference in payment amount among studies with different funding sources, when investigators received funding from industry, federal government, or private foundations, they appeared to have paid more than when they were funded by local/state government or by their own institutions.

Table 1

Comparison of Payment Amount among Studies with Different Risks, Discomforts, and Funding Sources

Because our previous study found that investigators reported that the length of study and time required for study were the two major factors influencing the amount of payment offered,6 we investigated further the relationship between time and payment. As reported in Table 2, the Pearson product moment correlational analysis found a statistically significant positive correlation between the total amount of payment and the number of visits required (r=0.546, p<0.001). Although the correlation between the total amount of payment and the average length of visit was positive (r=0.165), it was not statistically significant.

Table 2

Correlation of Payment with Number of Study Visits


Abstract Blood glucose and serum insulin levels were measured in six normal subjects receiving an intravenous glucose priming load followed by a 2 1/2-hour constant glucose infusion. The test procedure was repeated in these subjects after three days of oral diphenylhydantoin (DPH) therapy (200 mg, three times daily). During both series of tests, high blood glucose levels were achieved throughout the infusion, and diphasic insulin responses were observed, characterized by an early peak and a late rise. DPH administration resulted in a significantly higher mean blood glucose response (+ 19 per cent, p less than 0.01) and significant diminution of early and late insulin responses (respectively, -60 per cent, p less than 0.01, and -39 per cent, p less than 0.05). These results demonstrated that DPH, known to inhibit insulin release in vitro, also diminished insulin response to an intensive and sustained glucose stimulation in man. Therefore, DPH should be used with special caution in patients who have a risk ...


as the written word, the "interweaving of subject and context into a coherent whole" (153). Eastman, who in From the Deep Woods to Civilization described himself as both an Indian and an American, sought to integrate Indigenous educational epistemology into the larger and pervasive majority culture, to Indianize through education. We Native scholars and teachers have benefi ted from the sacrifi ces, compromises, and sheer determination and farsightedness of those who came before us, including Charles Eastman. We remember, as we read this book, where we came from and who our people are. We acknowledge those who walked before us and broke the path we walk today. We realize the sacred trust that goes along with the privilege of being Native scholars and teachers. We understand that, like Charles Eastman, what we do with our lives today will affect the lives of those who will come after us.


tivity than the average at the expense of accuracy. One or two methods appeared to be a little below the average in sensitivity, and, as might be expected, they showed a high rating for specificity. The majority (about 20 out of 28) fell between these two extremes (oversensitive and undersensitive). The Laughlen was included in this group. If this middle group were taken as representing the most satisfactory tests for the diagnosis of syphilis, a question concerning them would be in order, viz.: Do they possess imperfections that lead to an error in diagnosis in some cases? The answer is that a perfect test has not been secured. The blame for inconsistencies is too frequently placed upon the tests employed. More often it has been the laboratory and not the test that has been at fault. Perhaps the greatest source of error lies outside of both the method and the laboratory. The above report has shown several sources of error viz.: leprosy, malaria, malignancy, convalescence and hyperpyrexia, which may lead to wrong (doubtful or positive) reports. It cannot be considered an error in the test method if negative or doubtful reports are given on samples from old treated cases. Accuracy cannot be secured without the cooperation of medical staffs who submit the samples. The samples should be sterile and well preserved and should be accompanied by sufficient history to indicate if there is clinical evidence of recent or old syphilis or if treatment has been given. If the sample has been secured from a patient convalescing or suffering from a disease other than syphilis, this should be so stated. Lastly, the choice of the method employed rests largely with the laboratory. There is ample evidence as seen from this report and numbers of other reports, that the simple tests can yield results equal to those done by the more complex methods. The preliminary report did not deal with techniques other than to state that they would be published at a later date and there is nothing in the report to indicate the complexity or simplicity of any method. The survey failed to show that a method because of its simplicity or for some other reason might have material advantages over other methods. For example it is not shown that the Laughlen method is economical of time and material and is adapted to the performance of single or emergency tests. The Washington survey has furnished new and valuable information and confirms the generally held opinion that most syphilis tests when properly employed and interpreted will yield accurate and reliable results.


A highly sensitive, selective and rapid reversed-phase liquid chromatographic method using a column-switching technique has been developed for the simultaneous determination of a new dihydropyridine calcium blocker, methyl (±)-4,7-dihydrc-3-isobutyl-6-methyl-4-(3-nitrophenyl)thieno[2,3- b )]pyridine-5-carboxylate (I) and its pyridine metabolite, methyl 3-isobutyl-6-methyl-4-(3-nitrophenyl)thieno[2,3- b ]pyridine-5-carboxylate (II), in dog plasma. Compounds I and II were determined with electrochemical detection at +0.50 V and by ultraviolet detection at 250 nm, respectively. The limits of the determination for compounds I and II were 0.2 and 2 ng ml"^1, respectively, using 1 ml of dog plasma. Good liner relationships were found between the peak areas and the plasma concentrations of compounds I and II in the ranges from the lower limit of determination to 200 ng ml^-1. The method was applied to preliminary pharmacokinetic studies after oral administration of compound I to beagle dogs.


Over the past 15 years, a number of observers and modelers have increasingly focused on this massive system that is approaching its end stage, a supernova? a hypernova? When? The discovery by Augusto Damineli that Eta Carinae had a 5.5-year period proved timely as the newly-installed STIS was primed to observe its properties in the visible and ultraviolet. Initial observations occurred on January 1998, and through multiple programs, including the multi-cycle Hubble Treasury program, have sampled changes across two cycles. Now a multi-cycle program, focused on mapping variations in the extended wind-wind collision zones through early 2015, will test 3-D models of the interacting winds. In parallel, studies have been accomplished in X-rays with RXTE and CHANDRA, now in the far infrared with Herschel and from the ground with VLT. Each new observation is helping to peel back the veil of mystery on this massive binary system, but also opening up more questions to be answered. Timely inclusion of laboratory studies and models have greatly enhanced the observational results. We will summarize the latest results including submitted papers and very recent results with Herschel.


The flow behavior near the centrifugal impeller outlet determines the impeller aerodynamic performance significantly and also influences the performance of the downstream components.The three factors affecting the impeller outlet flow separation were numerically investigated.For the shrouded centrifugal impeller,the impeller diffusion ratio has great influence on its outlet flow behavior;there is a large separation zone near the impeller outlet at the design flow rate when the centrifugal impeller inlet/outlet relative velocity ratio is above 2.0,which agrees with the conventional impeller design theories.For the unshrouded centrifugal impeller,there always exists a separation zone near the impeller outlet at the design flow rate when the inlet/outlet relative velocity ratio is high or low.The tip clearance has a significant influence on the scale of the impeller outlet flow separation zone.For the impeller studied here,the smaller tip clearance does not correspond to the smaller separation zone,and the separation zone is smallest when the tip clearance equals 7.5% of impeller outlet width.In addition,increasing the diffuser pinch angle is effective in controlling the impeller outlet flow separation,but an excessive pinch angle can enlarge the recirculation flow zone near the impeller tip clearance,which will lower the aerodynamic performance of the entire compressor stage.


Weapon detection is a critical and serious topic in terms of public security and safety, however, it's a difficult and time-consuming operation. Due to the increase in demand for security, safety, and personal property protection, the requirement for deploying video surveillance systems capable of recognizing and interpreting scenes and anomalous occurrences plays an important role in intelligence monitoring. In certain regions of the globe, mass shootings and gun violence are on the increase. Timely detection of the presence of a gun is critical to prevent loss of life and property. Several object detection models are available, which struggle to recognize firearms due to their unique size and form, as well as the varied colors of the background. In this study, we proposed a state-of-the-art system based on a deep learning model YOLO V5 for weapon detection that will be sufficiently resilient in terms of affine, rotation, occlusion, and size. We evaluated the performance of our system on a publicly available dataset and achieved the F1-score of 95.43%. For the detection and segmentation of firearms, we implemented Instance segmentation or Pixel level segmentation which employed Mask-RCNN. The system achieved the detection accuracy (DC) of 90.66% and 88.74% Mean intersection over union (mIoU). The purposed methodology combined different data augmentation and preprocessing methods to improve the accuracy of the proposed weapon detection system.


This paper presents the design, implementation and evaluation of Jade, an environment for autonomic management of legacy software infrastructures. This environment relies on two main frameworks: a framework for the encapsulation of administrable resources, which provides the administered system's resources with a uniform management interface; and a framework for autonomic managers, which regulates a set of managed resources for a specific management aspect. We report on our experiments with self-optimization and self-repair for a J2EE application deployed in a cluster of machines.


Welfare reform has increased labor force participation among welfare parents. But is work leading to self-sufficiency or another cycle of defeat for these workers? The answer is that most welfare workers remain trapped in the cage of poverty.The basic premise of the work-first model that continuing participation in the labor force will lead to economic self-sufficiency has proven to be mistaken. Most welfare workers have been unable to move beyond jobs that are either part-time or short-term, or both. Less than one-fifth of these workers are able to gain entry into industries paying sustaining wages and work for at least three quarters a year over a multi-year period, which are the prerequisites for rising above the poverty threshold. Their uphill struggle in trying to meet daily survival needs virtually debars them from building equity in the regional economy.Assets such as education, vocational skills, livable neighborhoods, and financial capital empower individuals and communities to be self-sustaining and capable of adapting to economic change. These assets, however, are not equally accessible to everyone. For some they are virtually inaccessible.The increased rate of employment among welfare workers has increased economic output in Los Angeles County by half a billion dollars a year. Increasing the average earnings of 100,000 of these workers to the poverty threshold would increase economic output by another three-quarters of a billion dollars a year. From a regional economic perspective the critical issue is whether the rate at which families exit poverty exceeds the rate at which they enter poverty. Reducing the total number of workers in sub-poverty jobs will help deflect the region from a low-wage growth path and increase the overall economic output of the region.


The purpose of this study was to evaluate the application of hydroxylapatite (HA) implants in 60Co irradiated bone. Fifty-two adult male rabbits were used for the experiment. HA was implanted in the mandible 3 months (3 M group), 6 months (6 M group) and 12 months (12 M group) after application of 15 Gy of irradiation from a 60Co source. Nonirradiated animals served as controls. The animals were sacrificed 7, 14, 30, 60 and 90 days after HA implantation. Healing processes were examined by contact microradiography, fluorescent labeling with bone markers (tetracycline and calcein), and histologically with HE stain.The following results were obstained:1. HA-bone fusion occurred on the 7th day in the control, 6 M and 12 M groups, and on the 30th day in the 3 M group.2. Bone fusion with almost the entire HA surface occurred on the 30th day in the controls, 60th day in the 6 M and 12 M groups, and 90th day in the 3 M group.3. Trabecular bone around the implant decreased from the 30th day in the control, 6 M and 12 M groups, and on the 60th day in the 3 M group.4. These results indicate that the application of hydroxylapatite dental implants to irradiated bone should be performed as late as possible after tradiation. The healing period after implantation needs to be as long as possible. In addition, cortical bone should contribute more to the retention of HA than trabecular bone because a long healing period causes a decrease in travecular bone around the implant.


Guangxi's sugar industry against the vast prospects,in order to enhance the overall technical level,narrow with the developed countries and the international advanced level gap,the industry's key section automation control can be achieved is com-pletely up to international level.Through FCS2000 fieldbus based control system in the sugar industry in Guangxi successful application,reflecting the domestic FCS2000 fieldbus based control system functions of the system availability and stability and realize the production of sugar bagasse combustion boilers and their associated control and improve the management level and degree of automation,lower-energy-saving resources.Guangxi sugar industry for contributions to the development of a source of strength.


In order to access TCP/IP networks (mainly the Internet) through GSM links,. we have designed an architecture based in the indirect model of client/server interaction, where an intermediate element acts as a bridge between GSM and the rest of the data network. We have replaced the TCP connection in the client-proxy link with a simpler protocol. This allows maintaining the protocols in server machines, and requires minimal changes in those running in the mobile clients. In this paper we describe STP protocol and present some measurements of the performance obtained with it, compared to conventional TCP/IP architecture and a sort of indirect TCP based architecture. The obtained results show that our approach improves the performance achieved with conventional TCP/IP and indirect TCP, while maintaining a high level of application compatibilit y.


Objectives To compare between the effect of preoperative sublingual versus rectal misoprostol on blood loss during and after elective cesarean section. Background Cesarean delivery is the commonest major women's surgery worldwide. Postpartum hemorrhage is a major cause of maternal mortality, mainly in developing countries. Misoprostol is one of the synthetic PGE1 analogs with strong uterotonic activity. Patients and methods This randomized controlled clinical trial was conducted in the Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Menoufia University Hospital, in the period from September 2019 to July 2020. The study included 135 term pregnant women randomized into three equal groups (rectal, sublingual, and control). Full history, general examination, obstetric examination, routine investigation, and obstetrics ultrasound were done. All participants underwent elective cesarean delivery under spinal anesthesia. The patient was catheterized then the rectal or sublingual misoprostol tablets (400 μg) were administered according to a randomization plan. All cases received 10 IU of oxytocin by slow intravenous injection after cord clamping. Results Intraoperative blood loss was lowest in sublingual group (352.5 ± 116.91) followed by rectal group (438.2 ± 190.19) and was highest in control group (621.2 ± 207.25). Postoperative hematocrit was lowest in the control group (33 ± 3.44) followed by the rectal group (35.09 ± 4.58) and was highest in the sublingual group (35.5 ± 3.46). Conclusion Misoprostol with oxytocin is an effective drug combination to prevent postpartum hemorrhage and decrease intraoperative blood loss during cesarean section with better results through sublingual than rectal route.


While emerging research identifies ways in which donors can improve aid effectiveness, there has been little analysis of what aid effectiveness means to recipient stakeholders – including governments, civil society and businesses in the developing world. Net development assistance from the OECD Development Assistance Committee (DAC) donors totalled $121 billion in 2008, representing a large share of government resources in many recipient countries. Nearly one third of this aid was channelled through multilateral agencies – a share that some bilateral donors are likely to increase in future years. While this may help rationalise the aid system and reduce transaction costs, maximising the impact of this aid requires greater effort to understand and improve aid effectiveness. This Project Briefing aims to increase that understanding by summarising findings from ODI research on recipient stakeholder perceptions of multilateral donor effectiveness. It draws on evidence from three separate studies: 1 Workshops in Bangladesh, Cameroon and the UK attended by representatives of finance ministries and civil society groups from 27 countries (Burall et al., 2006); 2 Questionnaires completed by representatives from government, civil society, parliament and business in Bangladesh, Ghana, India, South Africa, Tanzania and Zambia (Burall et al., 2007); and 3 Personal interviews with senior government officials in Ethiopia, Sierra Leone and Zambia (Wathne et al., 2009).


This paper analyzes ten indicators that can measure China's financial risk according to the principle of sensitivity,authority and feasibility.And the factor analysis model has been introduced to quantify the financial risk from 1991 to 2008.It is indicated that the general factor scores in 1993,1994,1998 and in 2008 became large suddenly.Conclusions based on the statistical analysis of these findings are drawn at the end of the article.


In this study, we propose a model to enable robots to create a suitable criterion for decision-making by interacting with people in a group. Using this model, a system learns a suitable criterion for the group as a group member itself through Q-learning. When people, who have different individual decision-making criteria form a group, they adjust their criteria to a common criterion for the group. This common criterion is suitable for the group. People and the system cooperatively answer easy quizzes that have vague questions. The present study investigates whether the system can make a suitable decision-making criterion in a group by learning from interactions, that is, whether its answer converges to a certain criterion. Our experiments reveal that a group consisting of the participants and the system forms a common criterion in a limited scenario. Moreover, it is likely that robots using the model will be able to adjust their decision-making criteria for human groups based on interaction with them. However, further study is required to reveal whether robot's answers affect people and whether participants create a suitable criterion taking the robot's answer into account even if the participants recognize that they are interacting in a group that includes a real robot.


Unlike the novel, the short story is all impression. Through necessity the short story does away with convolutions and analyses, preferring instead to use its brevity like a veil in order to enhance the mystery and captivate the reader's imagination. Reading these three collections reinforced what I admire about the short story, what differentiates it from the novel and reminded me what it can achieve that the novel cannot. Review(s) of: Under the Mountain, by Geoff Dean, Esperance Press, 2007. Review(s) of: Other Lives, by Jane Williams, Ginninderra Press, 2007. Review(s) of: Call It Tender, by John Saul, Salt, 2007.


It is attempted to show that the use of heavy water (D2O) as starting cushion for the cells combines the advantages of the required density difference, with no lasting biochemical or physiochemical influence on the cells. Phosphate buffers of low ionic strength were prepared in distilled water or heavy water. A vertical starch gel electrophoresis was used to support a cylindrical polystyrene electrophoresis tube used for lymphocyte separations, 25 cm in length and 0.75 cm I.D., prepared from a 10 ml disposable pipet. Erythrocyte separations were carried out in a jacketed rectangular plexiglas chamber. It is pointed out that the described preparative D2O gradient electrophoresis method cannot be readily used for the measurement of electrophoretic mobilities for analytical purposes. However, for the preparative separation of cells with only slightly different electrokinetic properties the method appears promising, simple, and entirely inocuous to the cells.


Neuroscience-inspired models, such as predictive coding, have the potential to play an important role in the future of machine intelligence. However, they are not yet used in industrial applications due to some limitations, such as the lack of efficiency. In this work, we address this by proposing incremental predictive coding (iPC), a variation of the original framework derived from the incremental expectation maximization algorithm, where every operation can be performed in parallel without external control. We show both theoretically and empirically that iPC is much faster than the original algorithm originally developed by Rao and Ballard, while maintaining performance comparable to backpropagation in image classification tasks. This work impacts several areas, has general applications in computational neuroscience and machine learning, and specific applications in scenarios where automatization and parallelization are important, such as distributed computing and implementations of deep learning models on analog and neuromorphic chips.


X-Ray, infrared, and electron spin resonance (e.s.r.) studies were made on the samples prepared by the thermal decomposition of ammonium metavanadate at various temperatures between 100 and 700 °C. A new intermediate compound has been identified to be formed between 100 and 150 °C. This new compound is stable up to 200 °C, and is a complex ammonium–vanadyl compound, since while the infrared studies showed the presence of an NH4 group, and V—N bond, the e.s.r. gave the signal of VO2+ ions (V4+ + O2− = VO2+). A mechanism of the decomposition of ammonium metavanadate has been given.


ABSTRACT National Human Rights Institutions (NHRIs) play a crucial role in promoting accountability for serious human rights violations, including by gathering evidence, reporting incidents, and sometimes suggesting that crimes be prosecuted. Civil society organisations (CSOs) may also encourage prosecutions through their own investigations and advocacy, as well as by contributing to NHRI activities. However, the relationship between NHRIs and human rights groups is complex. Drawing on literature concerning the effectiveness of NHRIs, this article explores the possibilities for evaluating NHRIs' engagement with human rights CSOs in the Asia-Pacific region. These include assessing NHRI and CSO cooperation across the wide range of activities suggested by the 'Kandy Programme of Action'. This article analyses the usefulness of such an 'activities-based' approach with reference to the relationship between the Commission on Human Rights in the Philippines and CSOs in securing the prosecution of serious violations. It finds that NHRIs and CSOs can productively engage across various practice areas, but these activities change over time and within different settings. Additional contextual factors, which in the Philippines have included political environments and NHRI leadership, need to be incorporated into any assessment of NHRI and CSO relationships.


The quadratic assignment problem (denoted QAP), in the trace formulation over the permutation matrices, is min X2 tr(AXB + C)X t : Several recent lower bounds for QAP are discussed. These bounds are obtained by applying continuous optimization techniques to approximations of this combinatorial optimization problem, as well as by exploiting the special matrix structure of the problem. In particular, we apply constrained eigenvalue techniques, reduced gradient methods, subdiierential calculus, generalizations of trust region methods, and sequential quadratic programming.


We have determined theoretically the rest mass of the muon neutrino at 50 milli-eV and the rest mass of the electron neutrino at 5 meV, as well as, to 1% accuracy, the ratio of the masses of the stable elementary particles which decay by weak decays. We assume that the particles of the neutrino branch consist of a cubic, isotropic nuclear lattice, held together by the weak nuclear force. The eigenfrequencies of the lattice are calculated with Born's theory of cubic lattices. Only neutrinos are required to explain the so-called stable particles of the neutrino branch.


Interferometry that uses matter waves, not photons, is enabling the development of the most precise and portable gravity sensors yet. Such devices could help to probe fundamental physics and serve as everyday tools for underground exploration.


We present a novel approach for 3D reconstruction based on multiple video frames taken from a static scene. Our solution emerges from the spatiotemporal analysis of video frames. The method is based on a best fitting scheme for spatiotemporal depth curves, which allows us to compute 3D world coordinates of the objects within the scene. As opposed to a large number of current methods, our technique deals with random camera movements in a transparent way, and even performs better in these cases than with pure translation. Robustness against occlusion and aliasing is inherent to the method as well.


Background: Thyroid surgeries are commonly operated head and neck surgeries. Significant morbidity is caused by thyroidectomy complications such as recurrent laryngeal nerve (RLN) and parathyroids injuries. Objective: To reduce the risk of complications after thyroidectomy, we employed methylene blue spray to locate the RLNs and parathyroid glands. Patients and method: This was a prospective, randomized, controlled trial of 80 patients with thyroid disease who were eligible for total thyroidectomy. Group 1: patients were managed by traditional thyroidectomy where the RNL and parathyroid glands were identified anatomically. Group 2: Diluted methylene blue spray was used to aid in the identification of the RLN and the parathyroid glands. Results: Both groups had the RLN identified. In group 2 the neve did not take the dye and remained white. At least one of the parathyroid glands could be identified in 35 patients in group 1, while it was identified in 37 patients in group 2. The parathyroid was stained with methylene blue then the dye was washed out in 3 minutes. Neither group had a statistically significant advantage over the other in identifying the parathyroid gland, p-value=0.356. The RLN was identified in all patients of both groups. Conclusion: glands during thyroidectomy. It can be used as adjunct for the identification of these structures in difficult cases. Minimizing postoperative hypocalcemia requires accurate identification of at least one of the parathyroid glands.


The enzymatic hydrolysis of esters of α-hydroxy acids as non-amino acid substrates for microbial proteases was investigated. The methyl esters of 3-phenyllactic acid and its ring-substituted derivative were hydrolyzed with excellent enantioselectivities (E>110) using Aspergillus oryzae protease to give the (S)-acids. By contrast, only low enantioselectivities (E∼1) were obtained with the esters of mandelic acid. A gram-scale resolution of 3-phenyllactic acid was achieved by adopting this procedure, to afford the (S)-acid with 96% e.e. in 67% yield after recrystallization.


The development of  business entity in Post – Cold War is characterized by significant demand of services offered by private military / security companies (PMSCs). PMSCs services have been deliberately used by states, international organization, NGO and so on. However, the development of PMSCs business also brings negative issues which are the practice of violence and crimes against human rights. Business domains which are identical to the conflict make PMSCs must face the consequences of human rights violations. This issue is contrary with the principals of human rights brought by the United Nations (UN). This research tries to find any related things which support the development of PMSCs business and the increasing demand of its service while on the other hand as a business entity, PMSCs violates the Human Rights principal brought by The United Nations.


This article is based on a micro-level village study in Kerala, the southernmost Indian state with its long-standing impressive basic indicators in health, economic growth and social development. Using the theoretical perspective of 'cultural inflation of morbidity' for a hypothesis of continuing inequities in health outcomes, it examines how far such impressive basic indicators have actually translated into equity in health outcomes, defined in terms of incidence of morbidity and morbidity pattern. Confirming the hypothesis, the findings discuss to what extent both caste and gender, separately and together, may be continuing today to mediate health outcomes in a changing socio-economic environment.


For the first time the vertical form is used to make the exactly-divided discriminant method appear simple and clear.Then the exactly-divided discriminant method is extended from the special number to ordinary one digit,two digit numbers.And finally the paper sums up the exactly-divided discriminant method according to the relevant materials.


In this article, the authors are trying to consider and analyze the main peculiarities of legal regulation of the contract of towage at sea in such common law countries as Great Britain, USA and Canada, and some countries of the European Union (Germany, Lithuania, Poland). The first part of the study is devoted to the analysis of the influence of towing technology on its legal regulation. The authors consider different towing options with the main difference being towing guidelines. The article analyzes how the technological aspects of towing have influenced the development of various standard forms of towage contracts adopted in the international maritime sector. The second part of the study analyzes the connections, similarities and differences between towing and salvages. Salvages services are provided when the vessel is in such ISSN 2524-101X eISSN 2617-541X 38 LEX PORTUS VOL 7 ISS 6 2021 a dangerous situation that the master has no real choice but to accept salvages services so that the vessel or cargo is not lost. Towing services are provided when the vessel is safe, so the shipowner can choose to have the vessel repaired on site or conclude a towing contract to bring the vessel to a convenient port. The nature of towage and salvages services at sea also determines the difference between towage and salvages charges. Payment for towing services is carried out on the basis and under the terms of the towing contract. At the same time, given the surprising nature of salvages at sea, it is impossible to foresee in advance the amount of remuneration for salvages operations at sea, therefore, the amount of remuneration usually depends on the value of the salvaged property. The third part analyzes the contract of towage, the rights, and obligations of the parties, especially the legal regulation of carriage, some court decisions of common law countries and some of European Union countries, such as Germany, Lithuania, Poland. In Lithuania and Poland, a towage contract can be classified as consensual, paid, and bilateral. In some cases, a contract of towage may be considered as multilateral. Briefly comparing the Lithuanian and Polish legal regulation of towage relations, one can conclude that there are no special differences between them. At the same time, In German law a towage contract is not codified as a specific art of a contract. German law regulates that a towage contract (Germ. Schleppvertrag or Remorkvertrag) can be recognized either as a contract to produce a work (Germ. Werkvertrag), or as a contract for services (Germ. Dienstvertrag) or a contract of carriage (Germ. Frachtvertrag). In common law countries, a contract of towage is considered to be a service contract. Therefore, in accordance with the contract of towage, the owners of the tug undertake to provide a towing service themselves, during which they are the performer, the crew, and supply, at the same time. Therefore, they undertake to provide 1) an agreed or specified service, or 2) to achieve an agreed specific result, or 3) to provide services for an agreed or specified period of time in exchange for periodic or lump sum payments. The keywords: contract of towage at sea, types of towing, contract of towage as a service contract, the responsibility of the tug owner, the responsibility of the owner of the towed vessel, towing and salvage. Introduction Disputes regarding towage services have recently increased in the jurisdiction of Lithuania. However, since the Republic of Lithuania regained its independence in 1990 and, later, had to recreate a new judicial system, there are not so many court decisions regarding towage relations. Whereas in common law countries and some 39 LEX PORTUS VOL 7 ISS 6 2021 European continental law countries the legal regulation of towage services has been intensively developed since the 19th century. At any rate, Lithuanian legislators took efforts to fill the gap of missing legislation and the legal nature of towage contract has been codified in the Republic of Lithuania Law on Merchant Shipping (hereinafter referred to as LMS, lit. Lietuvos Respublikos Prekybinės laivybos įstatymas) and The Republic of Lithuania Code of Inland Waterway Transport (hereinafter referred to as IWTC, lit. Lietuvos Respublikos vidaus vandenų transporto kodeksas). Many regulations in these acts are similar to legal regulations in common law and continental law countries because legislators took into consideration legal doctrine and good experience of other countries. The aim of this article is to review peculiarities on legal regulation to towage contract within various common law and continental countries and to present legal regulation on towage contract in Lithuania. Thus, this article should also be useful for analyzing differences and similarities among different countries, including the UK, the USA, Canada, Germany, Poland and also Lithuania. This article also tends to reveal that despite the immense impact that the Baltic and International Maritime Council (BIMCO) has made on harmonizing relations between contracting parties for towage services, after it presented the standard towage contracts, such as "Towhire" and "Towcon", not all the special circumstances can be foreseen in the standard contracts, and depending on applicable national law the outcomes of court decisions might differ. Thus, this is one more reason to compare legal nature of towage contracts among different national legal systems. Methodology This research is concentrated on legal definition of a towage contract in various common law and continental law countries. The aim of this research was to disclose different approaches to regulate towage services in separate legal systems that might affect 40 LEX PORTUS VOL 7 ISS 6 2021 contracting parties. The research in this article has been performed through reviewing legislative acts and legal doctrine on towage contracts from common law countries including UK, USA and Canada and continental law countries, including Lithuania, Poland and Germany. 1. Nature of towage services and its impact on legal development The legal nature of a towage contract depends on technical aspects of the towage. Moreover, developing technologies in marine industries have triggered the development of legal nature of towage contract as well. For example, it is considered that the towage as a service began to expand when the English sailors were competing with American sailors. English sailing vessel owners sought to compete with the faster American clippers. Having realized that passages were from warehouse to warehouse rather than from land to land, English sailors found the way to reduce the time lost at the end of voyage. Thus, initially tugs were used only in sheltered waters and estuaries (Gold et al., 2003, p. 575). Today modern tugs have been significantly developed and meet the requirements for the shipping and other marine industries in inshore, offshore, and deepsea areas. They can be divided into three groups: Ocean-going and Salvage, Coastal, and Harbour and River (Gold, 2002, p. 214–215). In British legal doctrine a tug owner is often described as a "letting" the tug to the tow; the tow is usually described as "the hirer" of the tug (Rainey, 2018, p. 3). In other words, the tug is a vessel that provides propulsion to another vessel for a specific aim and the tow is a vessel that hires a tug to be moved and guided. Towage can be provided by any vessel, and it is not necessary to be a towage purpose-built vessel. However, usually towage is performed by a trained crew and a dedicated ship. The efficiency of a tug as such is dependent upon the amount of power which can be transmitted from the tug to the tow through a tow rope (Gold et al., 2003, p. 575). The towage can 41 LEX PORTUS VOL 7 ISS 6 2021 include various services, such as holding, pushing, pulling, moving, escorting, guiding or standing by the hirer's vessel (Gold et al., 2003, p. 574). The arrangement between tug and tow is properly called towage regardless of whether the tug pulls the tow or pushes it from behind (Robertson et al., 2020, p. 353). In harbor maneuvers, such as the docking or undocking of a large vessel, there may be tugs assigned to push or pull at different positions on the vessel, as necessary. Meanwhile in river systems, the tug usually pushes barges made up into flotillas, some of them greater in length and breadth comparing to largest single vessel afloat (Healy & Sweeney, 1998, p. 253). The tow can be manned or unmanned. In cases where the tow is fully manned and is simply being towed by a tug, the tug has no possession over the tow but only performs pulling, moving, pushing or analogous service to the tow (Rainey, 2018, p. 4) and the tug is seen as a servant of the tow that suggests that the ship under tow will always be liable for the defaults of the tug (Baughen, 2015, p. 271). Meanwhile, if the tow is unmanned and is only an object being pulled, the tug will have physical possession of the tow. The tow can also be manned by a riding crew put on board by the tug so that the tug has physical possession of the tow (Gold et al., 2003, p. 574). Technical development of a towage and new experiences in this sector led to the need to standardize agreements between tugs and tows. Internationally most used are "Towhire" and "Towcon", standard towage contracts that have been produced under the supervision of the Baltic and International Maritime Council (BIMCO). One of the BIMCO main functions – to support the efforts of the International Maritime Organization (IMO) to harmonize international regulations that form the bedrock of international shipping and help to retain a level playing field (Hoppe, 2017). Its work is carried out taking into consideration changing developments and industry's experience. Both standard forms have been revised in 2008. "Towhire" and "Towcon" were created for the towage industry either on a lump 42 LEX PORTUS VOL 7 ISS 6 202


The classification of living organisms presents numerous problems related to the multiple levels on which the criterion for carrying out the classification itself might be based. For instance, the classification based on protein and gene sequences has identified the three domains of life: Archaea, Bacteria and eukarya (Win ker & Woese, 1991) but these do not seem to be monolithic on the basis of the sequences themselves (lake, 1987). By contrast, the "five kingdoms" sche me and the prokaryote-eukaryote dichotomy, maintained by Margulis & Guerrero (1991) and by Mayr (1998), respectively, are based on criteria that are different from those based on sequences of macromolecules. These criteria may be different in nature such as, for example, the one suggested by Cavalier-Smith (2010) who bases his classification on the topology and the chemistry of membranes and reaches the conclusion that eubacteria were the only ones in a direct relationship with the earliest forms of life and from which archaebacteria and eukaryotes evolved much later on. A classification problem also seems to stem from the following hypothetical finding. let us assume that we have found an organism which still possesses a molecule in a transitional stage. That is to say that this organism, unlike all other organisms on the planet, has one molecule in a primitive stage, while its other molecules are evidently like those observed in all other organisms. More clearly, and in order to reason in a more concrete way, let us assume that we have identified an organism which, instead of the classic cloverleaf secondary structure of the tRNA molecule, has only half a tRNA. in other words, a hairpin RNA structure substitutes for the classic cloverleaf shape of the tRNA molecule, as suggested by some models of tRNA origin (Di Giulio, 2009a) and, therefore, only hairpin molecules are involved in protein synthesis in this organism. No complete tRNA molecule is used Journal of Biological Research-Thessaloniki 19: 83 – 88, 2013 J. Biol. Res.-Thessalon. is available online at http://www.jbr.gr indexed in: WoS (Web of Science, iSi Thomson), SCoPuS, CAS (Chemical Abstracts Service) and DoAJ (Directory of open Access Journals)


Objective: To introduce a newly designed arm sling and to compare the effects on a shoulder subluxation. Method: Sixteen hemiplegic patients with shoulder subluxation were evaluated by a simple X-ray with and without the slings and the vertical and horizontal distances on the plain AP views were measured. The newly designed arm sling was compared in terms of the effects of correction with a pouch sling and a Bobath sling. The arm sling designed for this study was developed for the purpose of maintaining patients' hands in a functional position and performing ROM exercise of the shoulder easily. The mean values of the vertical and horizontal distance were compared to determine if there was significant difference of function between the new sling and the conventional slings. Variables such as comfort, choice, and easiness for donning and doffing of the arm slings were evaluated by questions. Resuts: The new sling provided the patients with good vertical correction of the subluxation (p<0.05) but did not increase the horizontal distance significantly. According to the responses to the questions, the new sling was more comfortable than the conventional slings. Conclusion: These results support the effectiveness and the comfort of a new sling to decrease subluxation in hemiplegia. Further study on the long term effects or complication of the new sling is recommended.


An online exhibition combining dynamic poster art from the 1980s, along with images, documents, sound and video from Hazel Hawke's years in the Lodge as the wife of Australia's prime minister.


Since the implantation of the first cardiac pacemaker in 1958 by Ake Sening and Rune Elmqvist, there has been enormous progress in this field of medicine, including both the range of the equipment and the techniques of implantation. Today, electrotherapy is a rapidly developing field of invasive cardiology. There is a wide range of devices which can be implanted: pacemakers, implanted cardioverter defibrillators (ICD) and CRT — Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy pacemakers for biventricular stimulation. In this paper, a description of the methods of implantation is presented, including a short description of the equipment which can be implanted. Special emphasis was placed on the surgical side of the described procedures as well as the possible complications of permanent cardiac stimulation. An additional section contains information about patients' activity and medical examinations which can be done safely after this kind of operation.


16017 Background: CA 125 assays enable treatment-response monitoring in ovarian cancer. Patients and Methods: This multicentric study was performed to assess the predictive value with regard to pat...


The majority of work in targeted sentiment analysis has concentrated on finding better methods to improve the overall results. Within this paper we show that these models are not robust to linguistic phenomena, specifically negation and speculation. In this paper, we propose a multi-task learning method to incorporate information from syntactic and semantic auxiliary tasks, including negation and speculation scope detection, to create English-language models that are more robust to these phenomena. Further we create two challenge datasets to evaluate model performance on negated and speculative samples. We find that multi-task models and transfer learning via language modelling can improve performance on these challenge datasets, but the overall performances indicate that there is still much room for improvement. We release both the datasets and the source code at https://github.com/jerbarnes/multitask_negation_for_targeted_sentiment.


In this article we construct a minimal symplectic 4 –manifold and prove it is homeomorphic but not diffeomorphic to CP 2 # 3 CP 2 :


The effect of the constructed wetland treatment technology for the papermaking wastewater on the environment and the research and application status of the plants,the microorganisms and the techniques in this treatment system were summarized. The advantages of the constructed wetland treatment technology for the papermaking wastewater and its further development direction were analyzed.


We present the evidence for th ino detector at the Laboratori N observed time evolution of the modulation is rejected at 99.9 event rate, the Lomb-Scargle a in excellent agreement.


AbstractFluid mud is a non-Newtonian slurry of aggregated fine sediment present in numerous bays, estuaries, and lakes. It is a transitory state of mobile mud whose properties are relevant to the definitions and utility of hydrodynamic, acoustic, and, particularly, nautical depth in navigation channels. For estimation of the nautical depth up to which mud must be removed to keep its resistance against vessel propulsion low, processes underpinning fluid mud transport are briefly reviewed. Data from a coastal harbor are revisited to illustrate the role of shear rheometry as an essential component of the method for nautical depth estimation. Broadening the application to channels laden with organic muck often found in many ports, such as those in the southern United States, will require new data and understanding of the biomechanical properties of organic aggregates. Fluid mud dynamics is integral to such efforts.


Silicon on insulator (SOI) transistors are among the best candidates for sub-22nm technology nodes. At this scale, the devices integrate extremely thin buried oxide layers (BOX) and body. They also integrate advanced high-k dielectric / metal gate stacks and strain engineering is used to improve transport properties with, for instance, the use of SiGe alloys in the channel of p-type MOS transistors. The optimization of such a technology requires precise and non-destructive experimental techniques able to provide information about the quality of electron transport and interface quality, as well as about the real values of physical parameters (dimensions and doping level) at the end of the process. Techniques for parameter extraction from electrical characteristics have been developed over time. The aim of this thesis work is to reconsider these methods and to further develop them to account for the extremely small dimensions used for sub-22nm SOI generations. The work is based on extended characterization and modelling in support. Among the original results obtained during this thesis, special notice should be put on the adaptation of the complete split CV method which is now able to extract the characteristic parameters for the entire stack, from the substrate and its doping level to the gate stack, as well as an extremely detailed analysis of electron transport based on low temperature characterization in back-gate electrostatic coupling conditions or the exploitation of channel magnetoresistance from the linear regime of operation to saturation. Finally, a detailed analysis of low-frequency noise closes this study.


A modification of the statistical associating fluid theory has recently been developed to model non-conformal fluids with attractive potentials of variable range (SAFT-VR) [Gil-Villegas, A.; Galindo, A.; Whitehead, P. J.; Mills, S. J.; Jackson, G.; Burgess, A. N. J. Chem. Phys. 1997, 106, 4168] which gives a very good description of the phase behaviour of water and its mixtures with nonelectrolytes. In the present paper we extend the SAFT-VR approach to deal with strong-electrolyte solutions (SAFT-VRE). The water molecules are modeled as hard spheres with four attractive short-range sites to describe the hydrogen-bonding association. The electrolyte molecules are modeled with two hard spheres of different size which describe the anion and cation respectively. The mean-spherical approximation (MSA) is used for the restricted primitive model (RPM) to account for the long-range Coulombic ion−ion interactions, while the long-range water−water and ion−water attractive interactions are modeled as square-well di...


Abstract I propose that we, as psychologists, look for a moment at international congresses from the behavioral point of view, i.e., investigate the behavioral act and the psychological situation of men attending a congress. In fact, attending an international congress is for each participant, and for each category of participants, a complex behavioral activity with its own motivations and expectations, its own behavioral setting and surroundings, and therefore also its specific behavioral limitations and possibilities. These motivations and expectations will be different for active as compared to more passive participants, for people coming from abroad as compared to psychologists from the same geographical area, etc.


Almost everyone is, in one way or another, a collector of souvenirs. People like to be reminded of special moments and events, and a souvenir serves as such a reminder; indeed, the word itself means "to remember". The universality of the souvenir can be understood in light of its underlying role or function. As an actual object, it concretizes or makes tangible what was otherwise only an intangible state. Its physical presence helps locate, define, and freeze in time a fleeting, transitory experience, and bring back into ordinary experience something of the quality of an extraordinary experience. (Gordon 1986, p. 135)


We give an alternative proof of a result due to Sibirskii on the polynomial invariants of S0(2,C) (or S0(2,R)) acting on M(2,C) (or M(2,R)) by conjugation. We show that the invariants are given in terms of traces and Pfaffians, and we find a minimal basis which is a minimal complete set of invariants in the real case.


Several empirical studies havedemonstrated thefeasibility ofemploying neural networks as models ofnonlinear dynamical systems. This paperdevelops theappropriate mathematical toolsforsynthesizing andanalyzing stable neural networkbaedidentification and controlschemes. Feedforward netwokarchitectures are combined withdynamical elements, in the form ofstable filters, toconstruct a general recurrent network configuration whichisshown tobecapable ofapproximating a large clams ofdynamical systems. Adaptive identification andcontrol schemes, based on neural network models, are developed usingtheLyapunov synthesis approachwiththeprojection modification method. These schemesareshowntoguarantee stability oftheoverallsystem, eveninthe presenceofmodelling errors.A crucial characteristic ofthemethods andformulations developed inthis paper is thegenerality oftheresults whichallows their application tovariousneural network models as well as other approximators.


Background: Day centres can enable people with mild-to-moderate physical and mental health conditions to continue living at home, delaying their move into residential care. 'Access to Wellbeing' is a programme designed to help day centres improve service users' health and participation in meaningful physical, mental and social activities. This paper documents the programme and people's experiences of its implementation. Methods: This study used a retrospective observational design, and studied a day centre that caters for 40 disabled and/or frail adults daily. The Access to Wellbeing programme development started with a structured assessment of the day centre to identify aspects of the environment and working practices that impeded physical activity. Service users were interviewed to understand their needs, abilities and interests, and establish meaningful activities to improve their health and wellbeing. Alterations to organisational structures, the physical environment and work practices were instigated to increase opportunities for physical activity and involvement. Shortly after implementation of the Access to Wellbeing programme in a day centre, semi-structured interviews were conducted with three day centre staff and three members of the community rehabilitation team exploring their experiences of the programme and its implementation. Findings: Despite staff's initial scepticism about the programme and concerns about their increased workload, and its effect on their relationship and interaction with service users, the programme was successfully implemented. The programme increased service users' physical health and wellbeing, and satisfaction with the service, and improved staff motivation and job satisfaction. A committed team working together was the most important factor determining successful implementation. Few additional resources were required. Conclusions: A holistic programme that aims to improve meaningful activities can be implemented in day centres. These programmes can bring wide-ranging benefits to service users health, wellbeing and participation, and staff motivation job satisfaction and productivity.


Many circuit switched networks have stationary state probabilities which depend on the arrival and service rates only through their ratio. This paper shows that this is not the case for WDM networks without wavelength conversion, and for cellular mobile networks, and investigates the implications for fast simulation techniques.


A new data structure that one link?list was composed of polygon?surface table,edge table and vertex table was proposed to describe the geometry information and topology information of control polyhedron M in the research of modeling with closed surface.Compared with other structures which were applicable to the work,the structure was understandable,economize and conveniently to modify.After describing the detail of the geometry information,topology information included in the tables of polygon?surface,edge and vertex,and the point?link form of the adjacency multilist between the tables,a concise instance was given in C language array.


This article is a compilation of information on infrastructure problems that arise from earthquakes. It outline the measures needed to determine what went wrong during such disasters and and how to prevent future problems. Understanding the effects of earthquakes can help make the infrastructure safer and less prone to damage.


Tropomyosin-receptor kinase fused gene (TRKfused gene, TFG) encodes a protein which is a conserved regulator of protein secretion that localizes in the endoplasmic reticulum exit sites and controls the export of materials from the endoplasmic reticulum. It is important for intracellular trafficking of protein secretion. TFG belongs to the systems which control cell size, and is involved in regulatory mechanisms of apoptosis and cell proliferation. The TFG fusion proteins have been found to play a role in oncogenesis, with the activity of TFG fusion proteins promoting tumor development. In addition, TFG alone has been demonstrated to function like an oncoprotein; however, there are contradictory data suggesting TFG might act as a tumor suppressor. In this article, we will review the functions and regulation of TFG, the TFG fusion proteins, and the role of TFG in tumorigenesis. Finally, the potential of targeting TFG in cancer treatment is discussed. Intracellular Trafficking and Tropomyosin-receptor Kinase Fused Gene (TRK-fused gene, TFG) Intracellular trafficking of proteins is an essential biological process that controls the correct distribution of proteins within eukaryotic cells (1). The proteins are exported from the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), and then packaged into vesicles that emerge at defined sites on the ER and finally fuse with the ER-Golgi intermediate compartment (ERGIC) (2). Then the proteins are exported from the ER in COPII-coated vesicles (3). To complete the transport, the tropomyosinreceptor kinase-fused gene (TRK-fused gene, TFG) protein is required (4). TFG protein is a conserved regulator of protein secretion that localizes in the ER exit sites and controls the export of proteins from the ER (4). TFG is located on the q arm of human chromosome 3 and encodes a ubiquitously expressed cytoplasmic protein (5). The total length of TFG cDNA is 1677 bp, encoding a 400-amino-acid protein containing putative functional domains, such as Phox and Bem 1p (PBI), a coiled-coil (CC) domain and a serine, proline, tyrosine, glycine and glutamate (SPYGQ)-rich region (6). TFG forms hexamers that facilitate the co-assembly of SEC-16 with COPII subunits (7). TFG levels at ER exit sites are correlated with levels of SEC-16 and COPII (3). Extra TFG could increase the COPII recruitment and stimulate the secretion from ER, while TFG depletion leads to a decline in both SEC16 and COPII levels at ER exit sites (3). In addition, the membrane flux mediated by TFG is also important for maintaining proper Golgi organization (3). TFG depletion leads to a defect in normal ER function and Golgi assembly, causes ERGIC and Golgi membranes to become smaller and more poorly-stacked, the ER becomes fragmented and Golgi networks become fewer (3). Therefore, TFG is important for intracellular trafficking of protein secretion. TFG Functions and Regulation In addition to its important role in intracellular trafficking, the functions of TFG are complex. In Caenorhabditis elegans, TFG acts both as apoptotic suppressor and activator of cells and nuclei to grow to normal size (4). Loss of TFG in C. elegans, results in supernumerary apoptotic corpses, whereas its overexpression inhibits programmed cell death 1595 This article is freely accessible online. Correspondence to: Dr. Sheng-Hong Tseng, Department of Surgery, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University College of Medicine, 7 Chung-Shan S. Rd., Taipei 100, Taiwan. Tel: +886 223123456, ext. 65110, Fax: +886 289665567, e-mail: email@example.com


PURPOSE: To obtain a new compd. derivative comprising a pyrrolidine derivative having a specified structure which has 5-lipoxygenase inhibiting activity and which is useful as a therapeutic drug for leukotriene mediated diseases such as various infections and alergic diseases. CONSTITUTION: An objective pyrrolidine derivative expressed by formula III useful as a 5-lipoxygenase inhibitor is obtained by alkylating a compd. expressed by formula I [R 1 is 1-4C alkyl, 3-4C alkenyl or 3-4C alkynyl; R 2 is 1-4C (substd.) alkyl, 2-4C (substd.) alkenyl, 2-4C (substd.) alkynyl or the like; R 3 is H, OH, 1-4C alkyl or 1-4C alkoxy; n is 1 or 2; Ar 2 is phenylene, pyridinediyl, pyrimidinediyl, thiophendiyl or the like; X is oxy, thio, sulfinyl or sulfonyl] with a compd. expressed by formula II [Ar 1 is (substd.) phenyl, (substd.) naphthyl or the like; A is a direct bond or 1-4C alkylene; Z is a leaving group] and then, if desired, forming a salt or decomosing racemates. COPYRIGHT: (C)1994,JPO


The concept of risk-based approach to economic security is able to focus its consideration of individual goals in interdependent groups, that is, where there is a cross functional of different centers responsible for economic security. Ensuring a reliable reporting system and law observance are in the responsibility of the economic entity, and it is able to influence on these processes. A properly formulated approach to risk management can guarantee the achievement of objectives. This study reveals the main categories included in the concept of risk-oriented approach and the relevance of its implementation in the system of economic security of business entities. Particular attention is paid to the strategic component of the risk-oriented model of economic security of the enterprise: its key components and components of the risk management process, reflecting the relationship between the strategic planning and risk-oriented approach within the framework of this system. The authors conducted a graphical study of the risk areas of an economic entity, conducted modeling of risk-free situations and demonstrated their graphical representation. At the same time, the areas of acceptable risk are modeled taking into account the requirements of key stakeholders of economic entities – shareholders. On the example of a commercial enterprise risks as the main component of the risk-oriented system of economic security has been highlighted. © 2019 Published by Future Academy www.FutureAcademy.org.UK


An analysis is presented of data on the km-wave type-3 bursts associated with H alpha flares. A list of published papers based on previous analysis is also presented.


Six commercial tools for constructing and using software reuse libraries are introduced and compared. The architecture as well as the functionality of the tools are analyzed. Eight criteria are used for the functional evaluation of the tools. Based on the results of the evaluation, requirements are defined for the development of a Reuse Manager which will support successfully the reuse-oriented software development.


SUMMARYPulmonary and systemic hemodynamics in 16 hypertensive subjects (group I) with left ventricular (LV) hypertrophy (ECG and echo criteria) and in 17 hypertensive subjects with ECG signs of LV strain (group II), were compared with those in 14 normal individuals. An augmented pulmonary arteriolar resistance (PAR) in group I and to a larger extent in group II accounted for the pulmonary pressure elevation in both groups. Increase in PAR was unrelated to pulmonary blood flow and volume, pleural pressure, arterial PO2, PCO2 and pH, and could not be explained entirely by the left ventricular end-diastolic pressure changes.In group I, left (L.MSEJR) and right (R.MSEJR) mean systolic ejection rate, stroke index (SI) and mean velocity of circumferential fiber shortening (VCF) were enhanced in spite of the heightened pressure load on both sides of the heart. In group II, a large reduction of SI, L.MSEJR, R.MSEJR and VCF, as well as the relationship between ventricular filling pressures and SI, documented a compromised performance of both ventricles.Findings indicate that: systemic hypertension is associated with elevation of pulmonary arterial pressure and of PAR which is not necessarily a consequence of impairment in LV function; LV hypertrophy is associated with enhanced performance of either ventricle; in coincidence with development of ECG signs of LV strain, the performance of both sides of the heart deteriorates.A functional interdependence of the two ventricles is suggested.


Summary

Heat-induced (90 °C/30 min) gelling of soy protein isolate (SPI) and κ-carrageenan (κ-CR) systems at pH values of 6.7 and 5.7 was evaluated. κ-CR addition, increase in protein concentration and reduction in pH led to decreases in the initial gel structure forming temperature. Self-supporting gels were not formed at concentrations of 8% (w/w) SPI or at concentrations below 0.3% (w/w) κ-CR, but an increase in the concentration of SPI and κ-CR led to an increase in the stress at rupture without influencing the deformability. Gel properties were a consequence of a simultaneous process of gelling and phase separation during heating. The non-linear parameter of the Blatz, Sharda and Tschoegl (BST) rheological model allowed for the evaluation of the structural characteristics that in general corresponded to strain hardening behaviour. Strain weakening behaviour was observed at high biopolymer concentrations and at pH 6.7, which was associated with accentuated phase separation and a more discontinuous gel network.


The novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic, caused by the highly contagious severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), is still at its height causing thousands of deaths each week.Although several large randomized drug trials are underway, current survival from severe COVID-19 de- pends entirely on providing the best possible supportive care.1 Data from China suggests that although the majority of people with COVID-19 have mild illness (40%) or moderate illness (40%) about 15 % of them have se- vere illness requiring oxygen therapy, and 5% will be critically ill requiring inten- sive care unit treatment.2,3 Oxygen therapy is recommended for all moderate, severe and critical COVID-19 patients, with low doses ranging from 1-2 L/min in children and starting at 5 L/min in adults with nasal cannula, moderate flow rates for use with venturi mask (6-10 L/min) or higher flow rates (10-15 L/min) using a mask with reservoir bag. In addition, oxygen can be delivered at higher flow rates and in higher concentrations, using high-flow nasal cannula (HFNC) devices, non-invasive ventilation (NIV) and invasive ventilation devices.4 In this study we would like to identify the risk factors leading to prolonged oxygen requirement in COVID-19 patients.This information will help us in managing our resources effectively in a resource-limited setting by preparing the mindset of the patients early on in the admission for home oxygenation. The aim of the study is to assess the clinical profile and outcome of COVID-19 patients requiring oxygen therapy for more than one week duration.


Cloud gaming is a new promising service which combines the advantages of cloud computing and online gaming. The concept of cloud gaming is to render a game on a cloud server and stream its scenes to the player as a video sequence over a broadband connection. In order to attract more customers and increase profitability, one needs an efficient and scalable framework to address the heterogeneity and constraints of client devices as well as the network infrastructure. In this paper, we introduce the concept of Game Attention Model (GAM), which is basically a hybrid visual attention model, as a means for reducing the bit rate of the streaming video more efficiently. GAM estimates the importance of each macro-block in a game frame from the player's perspective and allows encoding less important macro-blocks with lower bit-rate. Subjective assessment shows that by integrating this model into a cloud gaming framework, it is possible to decrease the required bit rate by nearly 50 percent in average, while maintaining a relatively high user quality of experience.


This paper aimed to reexamine current EFL oral communication teaching practices from the perspectives of teachers and A2 students at two universities, namely Prince of Songkla University (PSU), Thailand and University of Novi Sad (UNS), Serbia. The main objectives were: (1) to analyze current practices from the perspectives of teachers and students, (2) to identify real problems encountered by teachers and students attempting to embrace Communicative Language Teaching (CLT) to improve oral English communication, and (3) propose practical solutions for classroom practices to improve the majority of students' oral proficiency from the elementary level. The findings were that oral English communication classes at PSU continue to embrace CLT and that the majority of Thai A2 students were frequently engaged in group activities rather than in individual and teacher-centered tasks. There was reliance on unrealistic, scripted role plays. Unlike the Serbian students, Thai students apparently needed to acquire more independent skills, become less passive learners, and interact more spontaneously in the target language. Other problems at PSU included mixed ability classes. Recommendations are placement tests, choices of more advanced elective courses, rigorous enforcement of upper enrollment limit, a balance between group and individual communicative tasks, and replacement of scripted with non-scripted role plays.


Some scholars hold that Fang Bao is the opposition to Han studies,and the initiator of dispute between Tongcheng school and Han studies.In fact,Fang was not object to Han studies.Fang's academic thoughts formed under the influence of the trend of thoughts which can be detected in his early academic orientation,his choice of exposition on managing social affairs in Cheng-Zhu's neo-Confucianism,and his devoted study on rite.Furthermore,his thoughts can even be traced in Han studies,and his viewpoint of "reason contained in rite" opened up a path for the formation of the thought of "substituting rite for reason" in Han studies.


An attempt to reconstruct the neoglacial pattern in western Norway is done by measurements of the lichen Rh. geogr. agg. on moraine ridges in the marginal zones at 9 selected glaciers (Fig. 1). Differences in the fluctuations of the glaciers are briefly discussed.


Reaction of 3,6-diphenyl-, 3,6-bis(2-pyridyl)- and the unsubstituted 1,2,4,5-tetrazine with 4,5-dihydro-1-methyl-2-(methylthio)pyrrole (2) and 1-raethyl-2-(methylthio)-4.5,6,7-tetrahydroazepine (3) gives 4,7-di-R-2,3-dihydro-1-methylpyrrolo[2,3-d]pyridazine (4, R = phenyl, 2-pyridyl, hydrogen) and 6,9-di-R-1-methyl-2,3,4,5-tetrahydropyridazino[4,5-6]azepine (5), R = phenyl, 2-pyridyl, hydrogen), respectively, in reasonable to good yields. The compounds 4 (R = phenyl, hydrogen) are converted into their corresponding 1-methylpyrrolo-[2,3-d]pyridazines 6 by reaction with potassium permanganate in butanone. Reaction of 3-phenyl-1,2,4,5-te-trazine with 2 and 3 leads to the exclusive formation of the 7-phenyl isomer 4d and 9-phenyl isomer 5d, respectively, indicating that the cycloaddition is regiospecific. The mechanism is discussed.


The Brazilian metropolitan regions usually are characterized by suburb and centre, where the quality services offer is concentrated. The objective of this study is to diagnose the reality of the leisure equipments in the small cities of Monte Mor and Nova Odessa, from Campinas Metropolitan Region, chosen by representativeness and accessibility criteria, aiming to provide subsidies for the leisure public policies development. It uses the combination of bibliographical, documental and field research. The legislation in both cities guarantees legal instruments to the consortium formation among the cities, but this articulation is still too limited. The documental analysis reveals the absence of personnel formation policy, that enables an animation structure. In the field research, we have verified that some equipments are damaged and in abandonment state. Investments in the maintenance could generate affectionate links between the public and the equipments, increasing the respect for these leisure spaces.


BackgroundStress in the workplace is an increasingly visible phenomenon affecting physicians across specialties. Paediatrics has seen markedly elevated burnout together with falling application rates and rising trainee dropout rates. This mix is disastrous for morale and staffing which, in turn, perpetuates the problem. The advent of the COVID-19 pandemic with resultant redeployment of paediatric staff to adult departments has served only to exacerbate pre-existing workplace stress.Existing structures such as Balint Groups or Schwartz Rounds have a place within departments, exploring cases or emotional response to working within the clinical environment. We aimed to provide a space to allow paediatric doctors to freely explore their workplace experiences, clinical and emotional, in a safe, confidential environment with peers facilitated by a clinical psychologist.ObjectivesTo provide a safe and confidential environment for paediatric clinicians of all grades to explore their workplace experiences in the company of their peers and with the guidance of a clinical psychologist as facilitator.To use these sessions identify stressors in the workplace and explore coping mechanisms.MethodsInvitations to attend small focus groups of no more than 9 people were sent to clinicians of all grades working in general paediatrics, neonates, paediatric hepatology and paediatric emergency medicine at our hospital. These groups were given protected time and were facilitated by a clinical psychologist.Each group was subdivided into groups of 3 doctors. Every person was asked to share stories of times they felt stressed at work and to separate their thoughts according to these questions:What is your experience of stress and burnout at work?How did it leave you feeling at the time or on reflection?What did you do to attempt to cope with how you were feeling at the time?What would be needed to support you: organisational factors, personal factors, increased support?Tell us about what you have found helpful and what would be needed in an ideal world?In each subgroup there were 3 roles;storyteller, listener, and an observer who would take notes on the interaction. These would rotate every 10 minutes.Once everyone had related their stories the group would reconvene to discuss and collate themes in a section facilitated by a psychologist. Avenues of communication were available post-session via email and a survey to get in touch with the faculty regarding any outstanding issues. All information gathered was confidential.ResultsThemes collected centred on persistent low morale, feelings of helplessness, uselessness and dread. All tallied well with issues we know affect existing and putative paediatric trainees.ConclusionsResults indicate that attendees found the forum a useful and open place to share their experiences, and that that this would be valuable as a regular event in the paediatric calendar, particularly with the additional stress placed on clinicians with redeployment. As such, we hope to present a replicable session template which can be adopted by other departments and hospitals. Through increased adoption and feedback the template could be improved to best fit those making use of the sessions.


Granulomatous disorders comprise a large family sharing the histological de-nominator of granuloma formation. A granuloma is a focal compact collection of inflammatory cells, mononuclear cells predominating, usually as a result of the persistence of a non-degradable product and of active cell mediated hypersensitivity. There is a complex interplay between invading organism or prolonged antige-naemia, macrophage activity, a Th1 cell response, B cell overactivity and a vast array of biological mediators. Di V erential diagnosis and management demand a skilful interpretation of clinical findings and pathological evidence. They are classified into infections, vasculitis, immunological aberration, leucocyte oxidase deficiency, hypersensitivity, chemicals, and neoplasia. ( Postgrad Med J 2000; 76 :457–465) a large family sharing the common histological de-nominator of Granulomas may be confluent or discrete; the of necrosis variable; the V and the presence or absence of Schaumann bodies and distinctive. clinicopathological synthesis provides the most secure foundation.


Objective:Ropivacaine was used for thoracic epidual analgesia(TEA), to treat obstinate heart failure by coronary heart disease,and the therapeutic effects and side effects were observed. Method: A total of 10 patients were injected 0.25% ropivacaine (5~7 ml per six to eight hours) for four weeks. Observing blood pressure, heart rate ,cardiac enzymes and electrocardiograms, the ratio of heart size to chest size, the left ventricular end-diastolic diameter, ejection fraction and side effect et. Result:Ten patients obstinate heart failure by coronary heart disease were treated by TEA,the successful hemostasis rate was 90%. After treatment ,heart rate and blood pressure obviously decreased ,cardiac function significantly increased,cardiac arrhythmia obviously reduced (P0.05). Conclusion:It is safe and effective to use ropivacaine to treat obstinate heart failure by coronary heart disease.Following up study should be paid in order to ascertain the long-term effect.


Behavior promiscuity now this can be done by anyone, anytime and anywhere, including  the  one  in  the  area  of tourism.  In  tourist  areas  often  appeared  behavioral Gronggong promiscuity among teenagers. This study aims to: 1). Describe the factors that cause a nasty stall in the area of tourism can be a region Gronggong promiscuity among  teenagers,  2).  The  effort  to  control  local  government  officials  in  tourism mentertibkan Gronggong of behavior promiscuity among teenagers. This study uses qualitative research methods with the  primary  data source consists of the visitors, the traders in the Area Tourism Gronggong, PP Satpol Cirebon District, the  Village  Head Patapan Cirebon, Cirebon  District Head  of Tourism, and Communities around Gronggong tourist area, while for source secondary data obtained through documentation, literature study using books, and print media. Data collection techniques used include observation, interviews, and documentation. The  subjects in this study were the visitors and the traders in the tourist areas Gronggong with 4 stall traders.  The  technical  validity  of  the  data  in  this  study  using  the  technique  of triangulation  of  sources  and  methods.  In  the  data  analysis  techniques  using  the interactive analysis of Miles and Huberman. The  results  obtained  are  the  factors  that  cause  a  nasty  stall  in  the  area  of tourism can be a region Gronggong promiscuity among teenagers consists of: 1). Nonphysical  factors  consist of  building  construction  shanties.  Shanties  located  on  the  left path has  an  insulated  building,  located  there  under  (the  category is  not  visible),  stall located on the right road in the form of benches scattered, and many benches that are built  on  a  hill  standing  upright.  The  lack  of  lighting  (illumination).  While  physical factors  consist  of  a  dynamic  social  relations  between  traders  and  visitors  Gronggong tourist  area,  and  factors  of  social  control  of  local  government  officials  are  less  than optimal.  2).  The  effort  to  control  local  government  officials  in  tourism  mentertibkan Gronggong  of  promiscuity  behaviors  among  adolescents  such  as  by  recording  the location  then  the  insulated,  provide  guidance,  socialization,  and  in  its  supervision  on patrol every single week, right the situation is done at a certain time and depending on the needs , as before the religious holidays, and towards the end of the year. Keywords: Phenomenon bawdy shanties, adolescents, and control


Rapid identification of lattice thermal conductivity of semiconductors from their crystal structure is required in the discovery of functional materials. A promising strategy is using a machine learning method based on a first-principles dataset, which, however, suffers from the dilemma of too little data available. In this work, the crystal graph convolutional neural networks (CGCNN) model was improved by enhancing the information of atomic descriptors (for short CGCNN-D), and the transfer learning (TL) method was combined to overcome the problem of small datasets. It is found that the CGCNN-D has improved predicting performance for both electronic bandgap with large data volume and thermal conductivity with small data volume, with the mean absolute error reducing 7% and 10%, respectively, indicating the importance of the improved atomic description. Applying TL with electronic bandgap as a proxy into the CGCNN-D further upgrades the prediction accuracy for thermal conductivity that has only 95 pieces of data, yielding 19% decrease in the mean absolute error as compared to the original CGCNN. The trained CGCNN-D-TL model was used to quickly estimate the thermal conductivities of thousands of semiconductors, and the materials identified with potentially high thermal conductivity were further screened by the optimized Slack model. Finally, the most promising BC2N was discovered and then confirmed by the first-principles calculations, which shows room-temperature thermal conductivities of 731, 594, and 500 W m−1 K–1 along the three principal axes of its lattice structure.


The submodule of I⊗R I generated by 2⊗x−x⊗2 is by definition cyclic, and hence has the form R/J where J = Ann(2⊗ x− x⊗ 2). We have just shown that J contains the maximal ideal I (note that R/I ∼= Z/2Z via f(x) 7→ f(0) (mod 2)). Therefore, it remains to show that J = I, or equivalently that J 6= R. In other words, we must show that 2⊗ x− x⊗ 2 6= 0 in I ⊗R I. To this end, let φ: I × I → Z/2Z be the map (p(x), q(x)) 7→ p(0) 2 q ′(0) (mod 2). Claim: φ is an R-balanced map.


Stop spyware in its tracks!Spyware infects the vast majority of home computers today. After it's on your machine, it can be used to access your social security number, track every website you visit, and take control of your computer away from you.If you work for a large company, odds are your company has purchased anti-spyware protection for you. But readers using home computers or running small businesses are on their own and vulnerable to infection. Many readers suffering with "slow connections" have in fact already been infected and don't know it.Written specifically for the home computer and small business owner, this title is a straightforward, no-nonsense guide that explains what spyware is, how to avoid being infected with it, and how to remove it from your computer if you've already been "hit." Stopping Spyware cuts to the core of the problem of spyware and offers practical advice on how to deal with it.This short guide explains the following: What spyware is and how it works How to protect yourself from spyware infections How to choose and install spyware protection What to do if you are already infected-or think you are How to protect your personal data and information Where to find tools and additional resources© Copyright Pearson Education. All rights reserved.


Correlation is the common measure of the benefits of diversification, but dispersion, measured as the standard deviation of the returns of stocks around the mean of all stocks, is better. This is for two reasons. First, the benefits of diversification depend not only on the correlations between stock returns but also on the standard deviations of stock returns. Dispersion accounts for both. Second, dispersion provides an intuitive measure of the benefits of diversification while correlation does not. We show the relationship between dispersion, correlation and standard deviation and analyze the dispersion of U.S. stocks during 1980-2003.


Aim:  Several lines of evidence suggest that major depressive disorder is associated with an inflammatory status. Tumor necrosis factor‐α has been investigated as a potential molecular target in mood disorders. Tumor necrosis factor‐α exerts its activity through binding to specific cell membrane receptors named as TNFR1 and TNFR2. The aim of the present study was to investigate soluble plasma TNFR1 (sTNFR1) and TNFR2 levels (sTNFR2) in major depressive disorder patients.