A Consultants' Meeting was held at the IAEA Headquarters from 27 to 29 August 2018, to discuss the results of a coordinated effort to verify R-matrix codes through a well-defined exercise. Six R-matrix codes were included in this verification exercise: AMUR, AZURE2, EDA, RAC, SFRESCOX, and SAMMY. Furthermore, the contents of the final publication of this exercise were considered in this meeting. This report summarizes the presentations and technical discussions of the meeting, as well as any additional actions that were proposed.


We give a very short proof of an Erdős conjecture that the number of edges in a non‐2‐colorable n‐uniform hypergraph is at least f(n)2n, where f(n) goes to infinity. Originally it was solved by József Beck in 1977, showing that f(n) at least clog n. With an ingenious recoloring idea he later proved that f(n) ≥ cn1/3+o(1). Here we prove a weaker bound on f(n), namely f(n) ≥ cn1/4. Instead of recoloring a random coloring, we take the ground set in random order and use a greedy algorithm to color. The same technique works for getting bounds on k‐colorability. It is also possible to combine this idea with the Lovász Local Lemma, reproving some known results for sparse hypergraphs (e.g., the n‐uniform, n‐regular hypergraphs are 2‐colorable if n ≥ 8). © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Random Struct. Alg., 2009


Applying nonparametric statistics method--the rank analysis method, this paper made a comprehensive evaluation of the yield of tartary buckwheat varieties with the experiment data of 7 varieties in regional trials at 35 locations during 2000~2001. The results indicated that there were marked differences in yield and stability among varieties. KP9920 and Jiujiang buckwheat were the varieties with relatively high and stable yield; Qianwei 2 was the one with mean yield and mean stability; Zhenba buckwheat was the one with stable but relatively low yield; Qianwei 1 was the one with relatively low yield and mean stability; and Zhao 905 and Yu 621 were the ones with unstable yield.


1. The object of this investigation is to ascertain how far the presence of a small quantity of air affects the power of a cold surface to condense steam. A priori it seemed probable that it might retard condensation very much; for when pure steam comes up to a cold surface and is condensed, it leaves an empty space which is immediately filled with fresh steam; so that the passage of the steam up to the cold surface is unobstructed, and if the surface could carry off the heat fast enough, then the rate of condensation would be unlimited. If, however, the steam is mixed with air, then, as the mixture comes into contact with the cold surface, the steam will be condensed and the air will be left between the fresh steam and the cold surface; so that after condensation has commenced that surface will be protected by a stratum of air, and fresh steam will have either to displace this or pass through it before it in turn can be condensed.


Results of the application of turbulence models and the Reynolds analogy to the Navier-Stokes computations of Mach 2.9 two-dimensional compression ramp flows are presented. The Baldwin-Lomax eddy viscosity model and the kappa-epsilon turbulence transport equations for the turbulent momentum flux modeling in the Navier-Stokes equations are studied. The Reynolds analogy for the turbulent heat flux modeling in the energy equation was also studied. The Navier-Stokes equations and the energy equation were numerically solved for the flow properties. The Reynolds shear stress, the skin friction factor, and the surface heat transfer rate were calculated and compared with their measurements. It was concluded that with a hybrid kappa-epsilon turbulence model for turbulence modeling, the present computations predicted the skin friction factors of the 8 deg and 16 deg compression ramp flows and with the turbulent Prandtl number Pr(sub t) = 0.93 and the ratio of the turbulent thermal and momentum transport coefficients mu(sub q)/mu(sub t) = 2/Prt, the present computations also predicted the surface heat transfer rates beneath the boundary layer flow of the 16 compression ramp.


Photonic integrated circuits (PICs) present significant benefits with respect to tabletop optical systems regarding footprint, stability, and power consumption. Among the materials used to fabricate PICs, thin film lithium niobate (TFLN) is one of the most attractive ones, as its $\chi^{(2)}$ nonlinearity and electro-optic properties allow to implement on-chip light generation and routing [1]. On-chip detection of light has also been demonstrated on TFLN, based on the waveguide integration of superconducting nanowire single photon detectors (SNSPDs) [1]. Combining efficient detectors with TFLN nanophotonic waveguides holds promises for the realization of quantum photonics experiments fully on-chip. On the other hand, the sensitivity of SNSPDs changes with the wavelength of the detected photons [2], setting a boundary to the longest detectable wavelength and limiting the use of the wide transparency window of TFLN. However, this wavelength dependency in the response of SNSPDs can be leveraged to achieve new on-chip functionalities. In this work, by performing a straightforward analysis of the light signal measured at different bias currents [2], we operate hairpin SNSPDs on TFLN as waveguide-integrated wavelength-meters in the telecom bandwidth.


Presented paper deals with the new approach to the Theory of Information Granulation, proposed by L. Zadeh. Most of mentioned theoretical results are generalized and examined in the presented paper on base of Zadehs canonical presentations fro perceptual data. As a result, a few universal algorithms for intelligent data analysis may be designed by mean of incapsulated data presentation.


The research concludes that 'common housing registers', 'choice-based lettings' and 'local allocations policies' represent different paradigms of social housing reform (welfarist, consumer choice, sustaining communities). Despite their widespread introduction overseas only the outcomes of choice based lettings are known and these are positive.


Oral presentation given at the 14th International Conference on Nanomaterials and Nanotechnology, held in Madrid (Spain) on March 30-31th, 2017. Theme: Exploring New Ideas in the field of Nanomaterials & Nanotechnology.


In this paper, a stochastic bioeconomic model of a multi-species fishery is used to test the performance of protected areas as a management tool in a two patch, two species fishery with heterogeneous environments. The differences in the environments occur through each patch having its own growth rates and internal dynamics. Protected areas are analyzed under density-dependent and sink-source dispersal relationships between the environments within the fishery. These relationships define the drivers of the dispersal of biomass, and as such, will influence the outcome from protected area creation.


Abstract: Kong-Zi Jia Yu is a book that recorded many Confucius and his disciples' conversations and thoughts, making it an indispensable source to explore traditional Chinese culture and ideas. In particular, the governance ideas presented in the book are still highly relevant today. People-oriented thoughts were the core of governance wisdom, paradigmatic kingcraft and virtuous courtiers were a sensible part of governance, and the penological ideas further ensured the robust operations of it. In the new era, new ideas like "putting the people as the top priority", Xi Jinping's thoughts on building cadre teams and governing China by the rule of law have successively proposed as creative converts and innovative development of Chinese culture that has been carried forward over thousands of years. Inheriting and promoting these cultural "genes", refining their ideological essence, are of great reference value for cultivating the current political landscape, enriching the connotation of the construction of the cadre team in the new era, adhering to the rule of law and providing ideas for the formulation of current rural governance policies.


A convenient method for exact recognitions of the curved shape and amplitudes of vibrated micro cantilevers is presented. The method includes the analysis based on preliminary introduction of the formulas for the shapes of deviated cantilevers to get the intensity distribution R(ξ) of the optical pattern of image. The feature of this method is the possibility to get high accuracy for MEMS orientation.


It is now widely accepted that theoretical knowledge is not sufficient to develop the full potential of students. At SoA+D, academics address this issue using "WorkIntegrated Learning" (WIL). WIL is a pre-training professional course for students. WIL encourages students to practice soft and hard skills in real work situations, while the teacher's role is to provide support, advice and receive feedback from company's supervisor. WIL evaluation reports showed that student's soft skills are a major problem. This research therefore aims to seek a methodology for improving the design student's soft skills appropriately. From this objective, one of university project-based learning projects was selected to be a real work situation case study. The researchers developed an experiment called "work together learning" (WTL). Researchers gave different assignments to two student groups. Each group worked together with teachers, who played the role of colleagues. In this experimental situation, teachers could directly observe and supervise the students during work. Students were assumed to practice their soft skill under the teacher's advice. Based on observation, the student's soft skill development was evident because, in the role of colleague, the teacher can directly perceive and address soft skills problems. The result indicated WTL is a useful form of project-based learning for students, especially in soft skills improvement. We propose that it will be more effective to insert WTL before WIL in order to extensively practice advanced soft and hard skills before students undergo the WIL experience.


To determine whether buccal squamous cell carcinoma has worse overall survival (OS) and disease‐specific survival (DSS) than cancers in the rest of the oral cavity.


To investigate the structural consequences of Eu3+ ions on alkali boro tellurite glasses, the set of six glass samples of (70-x) B2O3-15TeO2-10Na2O-5PbO-xEu2O3 with x=0, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4 and 0.5 mol% glasses were prepared by conventional melt quenching method and X-ray diffraction characterization of the glasses admits the amorphous structure. Also their structural properties were studied by the help of FTIR and Raman spectra. FTIR measurements revealed that the bond structure of the prepared glasses is based on BO3 and BO4 units sitting in different structural groups and also interlinked by TeO3 and TeO4 groups. By Raman spectra, it is clear that the prepared glass samples possessing the boroxol rings and also found that slight variations in glass network of the system is discussed with the variation of Eu3+ ions.To investigate the structural consequences of Eu3+ ions on alkali boro tellurite glasses, the set of six glass samples of (70-x) B2O3-15TeO2-10Na2O-5PbO-xEu2O3 with x=0, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4 and 0.5 mol% glasses were prepared by conventional melt quenching method and X-ray diffraction characterization of the glasses admits the amorphous structure. Also their structural properties were studied by the help of FTIR and Raman spectra. FTIR measurements revealed that the bond structure of the prepared glasses is based on BO3 and BO4 units sitting in different structural groups and also interlinked by TeO3 and TeO4 groups. By Raman spectra, it is clear that the prepared glass samples possessing the boroxol rings and also found that slight variations in glass network of the system is discussed with the variation of Eu3+ ions.


In recent times, Cu2ZnSnS4 (CZTS) quaternary compound has attracted significant attention for application in solar cells, due to its suitable direct band gap, high abundance, low cost and low toxicity. Various vacuum and non- vacuum based methods have been adopted for the fabrication of CZTS thin films. Vacuum based methods such as pulse laser deposition and evaporation have the advantage of controlled chemical composition and higher reproducibility. This work reviews the different vacuum based methods for preparation of CZTS thin films present in the literature. The effect of fabrication conditions and preparation methods on film properties has been analyzed. Present status and progress of CZTS thin film solar cells while identifying future path for more efficient device structure has been presented.


Melanoma is a fatal type of skin cancer; the fury spread results in a high fatality rate when the malignancy is not treated at an initial stage. The patients' lives can be saved by accurately detecting skin cancer at an initial stage. A quick and precise diagnosis might help increase the patient's survival rate. It necessitates the development of a computer-assisted diagnostic support system. This research proposes a novel deep transfer learning model for melanoma classification using MobileNetV2. The MobileNetV2 is a deep convolutional neural network that classifies the sample skin lesions as malignant or benign. The performance of the proposed deep learning model is evaluated using the ISIC 2020 dataset. The dataset contains less than 2% malignant samples, raising the class imbalance. Various data augmentation techniques were applied to tackle the class imbalance issue and add diversity to the dataset. The experimental results demonstrate that the proposed deep learning technique outperforms state-of-the-art deep learning techniques in terms of accuracy and computational cost.


It is usually difficult to compare quantitatively different sets of glycan samples that have slight differences among themselves using MALDI-TOF-MS. To overcome this problem, 13C-labeled glycans were used as internal standards during the measurement of the N-glycan samples permethylated with 12C-methyl iodide. This method was used to analyze the N-glycans from human α-1 antitrypsin (A1AT) that was recombinantly produced using various culture parameters. Several pH values, dissolved oxygen concentrations, and temperatures were used to produce A1AT using a batch process system, and we investigated the extent to which the glycosylation pattern of A1AT was influenced by these parameters.


The thesis is devoted to the issue of workload in perioperative care. It is a theoretical-research work. The theoretical part of the work includes explanation of terms related to competencies and education for work in perioperative care, there is also described the issue of physical and mental workload in the operating room.
The research was done by using a two-part questionnaire. The first part is a non-standardized questionnaire of own creation and the second part contains a Czech version of a standardized Meister questionnaire for workload assessment. The aim of the research part is to compare the workload of nurses / midwives at central and specialized (gynecological) operating rooms. Then find out how general nurses / midwives subjectively perceive workload in operating rooms.


A key feature of recent curriculum reform in post-industrialised liberal economies has been the ascendancy of outcomes-based education policies. A 1995 review conducted in Western Australia (WA) recommended an outcomes-based approach, and in response, the Curriculum Framework (CF) was released in 1998. The same year, the WA State government mandated that all schools, both non-government and government, demonstrate compliance with the outcomes-based CF for Years K–10 by 2004. This article compares case-studies of non-government and government schools in analysing assessment and reporting issues in relation to the enactment of outcomes-based curriculum policy in the mid-2000s. With significantly different localised contexts, including different degrees of institutional autonomy and different approaches to curriculum, assessment and reporting, interesting contrasts and commonalities arose as each school engaged with the new policy. The research draws on a hybrid approach to policy analysis, incorporating both critical theory and post-structuralism with their different conceptualisations of power relationships. In-depth semi-structured interviews were conducted to examine and analyse the views of participants at each site. Although there is no intention to generalise from individual case-studies, cross-case analysis reveals the emergence of meta-level themes – such as market choice, accountability and teacher professionalism – which are associated with 'bigger picture' issues of power and which may well provide insights for explorations of curriculum reform in other contexts.


The essays contained in this collection focus on the early H. G. Wells, the scientific romancer, the comic novelist and the young author discovering the literary elite. Written at the crossroads of a new century, the authors of these essays use their own fin-de-siecle experiences to look back one hundred years and critically assess the writings of an earlier fin-de-siecle. With seven chapters dealing with The Time Machine, The Wheels of Chance, The Island of Doctor Moreau, The War of the Worlds, Tono-Bungay and The History of Mr Polly, readers receive a detailed overview of Wells's literary output between 1895 and 1910. Two further chapters treat Wells's literary friendships, assessing his personal and professional relationships with the Victorian realist, George Gissing, and the pioneering modernist, Joseph Conrad, while the final chapter reveals Wells as a 'time traveller', employing poststructuralist techniques fifty years before that expression was coined.


Optical fibers are becoming increasingly important in the areas of data communication and sensing as advantage is taken of their low attenuations, which result in little signal loss over long distances of fiber. However, the fiber attenuations are wavelength dependent, and there are spectral regions where the fibers have lower attenuations as well as areas where the light losses are very severe. In order for one to select the best regions for transmission, the fiber must be well characterized spectroscopically.


The electronic transitions responsible for the formation of F centers at the surfaces of epitaxial CaF 2 films on Si(111) have been identified via photon-stimulated desorption spectroscopy. Results for films ranging from submonolayer to bulk CaF 2 indicate that excitations of the Ca 3p core level result in F + desorption, and hence, in F-center formation, while excitations of the F 2s do not. It is proposed that this difference is due to inward nuclear motion that occurs prior to the deexcitation of the core hole


Harmonic series representations arefrequently used forcalculating electromagnetic fields scattered by a circular conducting cylinder. Theharmonic representations areobtained by a methodof separating variables in thecylindrical coordinates. Residue series representations arealsousedfor calculating electromagnetic fields scattered by thecircular conducting cylinder. Theresidue series areobtained byWatson's transformation. Inthis paper, itisshownthattheresidue series representations canalsobeobtained fromanother methodof separating variables, andvarious distinguishing characteristics of theeigenfunction usedinthismethodaremadeclear. The authors discuss theadvantages andthedistinctive features ofthe residue series representations inthecomparison withthe harmonic series representations


ackground: Both microarray and candidate molecule studies have demonstrated that protein and mRNA expression of syntaxin nd other genes involved in synaptic function are altered in the cerebral cortex of patients with schizophrenia. ethods: Genetic association between polymorphic markers in the syntaxin 1A gene and schizophrenia was assessed in a matched ase-control sample of 192 pairs, and in an independent sample of 238 nuclear families. esults: In the family-based sample, a significant genetic association was found between schizophrenia and one of the four single ucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) tested: an intron 7 SNP (transmission disequilibrium test [TDT] 2 5.898; df 1; p .015, amily-based association test [FBAT] z 2.280, p .023). When the results for the TDT and case-control analyses were combined, the ssociation was stronger (n 430; zc 2.859; p .004). Haplotype analysis supported the association with several significant values hat appear to be driven by the intron 7 SNP. onclusions: The results should be treated with caution until replicated, but this is the first report of a genetic association between yntaxin 1A and schizophrenia.


At the request of the Air Material Command, Arm Air Forces, an investigation was conducted at the NACA Cleveland laboratory to determine the performance characteristics of the XJ-41-V turbojet-engine compressor. The complete compressor was mounted on a collecting chamber having an annular air-flow passage simulating the burner annulus of the engine and was driven by an electric motor. The compressor was extensively instrumented to determine the overall performance of the compressor, the characteristic performance of each of the compressor components, the state of the air stream in the simulated burner annulus, and the operation of the compressor bearings. An initial investigation at an equivalent compressor speed of 8000 rpm was made to determine the performance of the compressor and the collecting chamber and to determine the similarity of the air stream at the entrance to the simulated burner annulus. The mechanical performance of the compressor over a range of actual compressors speeds from 3300 to 8000 rpm is reported.


In this paper, the novel correspondence search method called point-to-block matching was proposed. Recently, in many proposed multimedia systems, depth estimation is performed on compressed input views. To address this problem and increase the quality of such depth maps, in the proposal, a point in a view is not compared simply with a point in another view, but to the most similar point in a small block surrounding it. The introduction of this method in the depth estimation process is beneficial to the quality of depth maps, as it decreases the influence of small shifts in images, caused e.g., by encoding-related errors introduced to input views. The method was implemented in one of the state-of-the-art depth estimation methods and tested in series of experiments. Based on the comparison of synthesized virtual views with the input views, the proposal increases the quality of estimated depth maps in most of the tested configurations.


We obtained good results of the chemical test on coatings of galvanized steel by antimony trichloride and copper sulphate, because zinc coatings by pickling of before treatment has the smoothest and most suitable adhesivity of zinc.We investigated the properties of coatings of galvanized steel which were treated by shot-blasting and sand-blasting for descaling of steel.Descaling by blasting methods are speedier and healthier than pickling, but zinc coatings after these treatment are not smooth and deposit metallic copper more quickly on the surface of steel when immersed in the copper sulphate solution, and also its microstructre are disorder and rough.Therefore, we can't recommend these blasting methods for pretreatment on golvanizing.


In a supporting electrolyte containing 6×10~(-5)M Alizarin red S, 0.2 M NH_3-NH_4Cl, at pH 8.2-8.6, three adsorptive complex waves of germanium-Alizarin red S have been obtained by single-sweep polarograph. The most sensitive one among them is at Ep=-1.130 V (SCE). The compositions of the complexes and the mechanism of electrode processes were studied in detail.


Air quality has significantly improved in Europe over the past few decades. Nonetheless we still find high concentrations in measurements mainly in specific regions or cities. This dimensional shift, from EU-wide to hotspot exceedances, calls for a novel approach to regional air quality management (to complement EU-wide existing policies). The SHERPA (Screening for High Emission Reduction Potentials on Air quality) modelling tool was developed in this context. It provides an additional tool to be used in support to regional/local decision makers responsible for the design of air quality plans. It is therefore important to evaluate the quality of the SHERPA model, and its behavior in the face of various kinds of uncertainty. Uncertainty and sensitivity analysis techniques can be used for this purpose. They both reveal the links between assumptions and forecasts, help inmodel simplification and may highlight unexpected relationships between inputs and outputs. Thus, a policy steered SHERPA module predicting air quality improvement linked to emission reduction scenarios was evaluated by means of (1) uncertainty analysis (UA) to quantify uncertainty in the model output, and (2) by sensitivity analysis (SA) to identify the most influential input sources of this uncertainty. The results of this study provide relevant information about the key variables driving the SHERPA output uncertainty, and advise policy-makers and modellers where to place their efforts for an improved decision-making process.


: Our aim in this paper is to demonstrate that trade provides an important channel for contagion beyond the macroeconomic and financial similarities. We used both the long memory process to measure the crisis persistence, and the ARDL model in order to study the long-term relationship between the contagion and the international trade indicators. Our results show that trade links are the main contagion channels of the Asian and Russian economies.


This paper discusses on the functions of the virtue-based management in the development of the enterprises, and points out that the essence of the market competition is the moral competition, the urgent thing at present is to do well the education of the professional ethics and the social and interpersonal ethics within the enterprise.


In economic modeling chronological age is often used as a measure for aging and death. However, individuals of the same age can differ drastically in health status and recent medical advancements have had a severe impact on the human life span and health. In order to model the aging process as a life cycle model - the health deficit model - developed by Dalgaard & Strulik (2014) is presented. The model draws on recent research in the fields of biology and medicine and optimal health spending determines the speed of aging and thus the time of death. In this thesis, the life cycle model is extended to a general equilibrium model and a two dimensional fixed point problem which characterizes the steady state is formulated. The formulation of the steady state is only dependent on the steady state capital and the optimal time of death. A graphical solution of the general equilibrium model is presented and analyzed with comparative dynamics. With the help of parameter variations both models are compared and it is shown that a longer lifespan can be achieved in the general equilibrium model as long as the steady state capital is below the exogenously given capital intensity employed in the life cycle model.


Multi-dimensional sampling rate conversion will gain increased practical importance in connection with the introduction of high definition television (HDTV) systems. To convert signals from one HDTV standard to any other standard (TV,HDTV or motion picture film) improved converters avoiding the degradations inherent in conventional converters have to be developped. After a short description of the general multi-dimensional sampling rate conversion and a brief summary of the degradations of conventional standards converters a concept for an improved conversion using a motion-vector adaptive interpolation filter is presented. A block matching method is used to estimate the motion vectors. Concepts for the change detection and the segmentation are presented.


A new transformation method with a variable of relative guide vane opening was developed to eliminate the multi-numerical values of unit discharge and unit moment and the sharply varied distances between the transformed curves. The transformed curves were fitted by the least square surface fitting, and the fitting functions of continuity were achieved. As a result, the curves can be transformed into series of continuity data, and the precision of the surface fitting can also be improved greatly, especially the modes of small opening and zero opening. The hydraulic transient modes in pumped storage plants can be computed at any opening without extra programs.


The output of electrical capacitance tomography measurements of gas/solids flow in a vertical pipe have been analyzed to extract flow pattern information. Two approaches already used for gas/liquid flows were employed. One uses the shape of the probability density functions of the cross-sectionally averaged gas fraction time series. The other considered the velocities of periodic structures, i.e., pulses of particles. The results from both techniques showed that a flow pattern similar to churn flow in gas/liquid flow was indicated. When the gas/solids flow rates are plotted on a gas/liquid flow pattern map, they fell in the churn flow region.


FIELD: chemistry. SUBSTANCE: present invention relates to medicine and specifically chemical technology of producing medical radioisotopes, and describes a liquid extraction system based on 0.05 M solution of 1-(diarylphosphorylmethoxy)-2-diarylphosphoryl-4-methoxybenzene of general formula (I), in 1,1,7-trihydrododecafluoroheptanol for selective extraction of molybdenum from nitrate solutions. EFFECT: invention provides more complete selective extraction of molybdenum from nitrate solutions. 1 ex, 2 tbl


Two porphyrinic metal–organic frameworks (PCN-222 and PCN-224) were prepared and their potential as molybdenum adsorbents for the 99Mo/99mTc generator was explored.


To and has the repeating unit B represented by formula (1) repeating unit A and the following formula (2) shown in, Ar


The revocable proxy signature scheme is a kind of digital signature scheme. Using the signature scheme, the original signer can delegate his/her signing capability to the proxy signer and the proxy signer can sign the message only once. Furthermore, the original signer can revoke the signing capability before the lifetime is expired. In this paper, we propose a new revocable proxy signature scheme based on Discrete Logarithm Problem(DLP). The proposed scheme uses the warrant server.


Penetration and installation of a new dynamic technology known as Flexible AC Transmission Systems (FACTS) in a practical and dynamic network requires and force expert engineer to develop robust and flexible strategy for planning and control. Unified Power Flow Controller (UPFC) is one of the recent and effective FACTS devices designed for multi control operation to enhance the power system security. This paper presents a dynamic strategy based on Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) for optimal parameters setting of UPFC to enhance the system loadability. Firstly, we perform a multi power flow analysis with load incrementation to construct a global database to determine the initial efficient bounds associated to active power and reactive power target vector. Secondly a PSO technique applied to search the new parameters setting of the UPFC within the initial new active power and reactive power target bounds. The proposed approach is implemented with Matlab program and verified with IEEE 30-Bus test network. The results show that the proposed approach can converge to the near optimum solution with accuracy, and confirm that flexible multi-control of this device coordinated with efficient location enhance the system security of power system by eliminating the overloaded lines and the bus voltage violation.


Traditional text representation is based on the vector space model that uses the method of feature selection to reduce the dimension of the feature space.The words in the text are considered to be mutually independent without any semantic information between them.In this paper,a new method of text categorization is proposed based on semantic feature selection.Based on the traditional feature selection and considering the semantic relatedness between the words,those words that have strong semantic relatedness with the traditionally selected ones are also added into the feature space.The experimental results show that compared with the traditional methods of feature selection,the proposed method in the paper improves the precision of text categorization.


This is a review on "Antibiotics in Pediatrics". The first part is devoted to comment general aspects in the selection of antibiotics. The second part is related to antimicrobial therapy according to the main pediatric infectious clinical syndromes. It includes the clinical picture of the principal ailments and dosing of the drugs.


Mathematics is applied in a broad range of academic disciplines and thus takes on a paramount role for college access. However, students often take for granted the necessity of mathematics for STEM subjects but are unaware of or insufficiently informed about the role of mathematics for subjects outside of STEM. In fact, there is no in-depth empirical investigation on which mathematical prerequisites are expected by university instructors from incoming non-STEM undergraduates. The present paper addresses this research gap. We conducted a three-round Delphi study with N = 19/547/337 university instructors in Germany teaching undergraduates in non-STEM programs. Our results show that many more subjects require mathematical knowledge than is commonly assumed. We present a comprehensive catalogue of mathematical prerequisites that students are expected to have at the beginning of their studies. The prerequisites include (1) mathematical content, (2) mathematical processes, (3) views about the nature of mathematics, and (4) personal characteristics. The expected mathematical prerequisites primarily address a basic understanding and do not require formalistic or abstract mathematical knowledge and skills. The Delphi study also revealed five subject groups in which similar mathematical prerequisites are expected. Although the study's focus is on German instructors, it provides valuable insights for an international audience as well. For example, future research can use our results to adapt instruments to explore predictors of college success. In addition, our results inform stakeholders involved in the transition from high school to college and in college education, such as teachers preparing their students for future study, college instructors making their expectations transparent to incoming students, and policymakers involved in curriculum design.


In January 1998, the Faculty of Political and Social-Cultural Sciences of the University of Amsterdam celebrated its 50th anniversary. This 'seventh' faculty rose to be a leading institute in Dutch social science. Amongst many other activities, its jubilee was accompanied by a conference devoted to the faculty's founding fathers, scientific developments and current research themes. This article presents some impressions of this conference and other celebrations. The two authors, who are both faculty members, also reflect upon some of the problems and future potentials of social science in Amsterdam


We have taken an interest in problems of quality of life because we had some feedback from our one-time patients in the anaesthesiology and resuscitation ward and we know how their quality of life significantly changes after overcoming an imminent and serious danger to life due to which they had been treated in our ward. Their experiences made us deal with the problems of those individuals. We have made up a questionnaire set that should give us information on difficulties on their return to the ordinary life. The results were compared with the indices of survival, age and length of hospitalization. Our experiment has validated the dependence of anxiety fee


Of course, finding the infimum is computationally harder than answering the question of whether the infimum is less than or equal to some fixed value, but mathematically the problems are equivalent. By a standard compactness argument (what a complex analyst would call a normal family argument), the infimum in (IP) will be attained. By rescaling, we can assume this infimum is 1, and then the Pick matrix (2) cannot be strictly positive definite (for if it were, it would remain so if all the wi s were increased by some factor slightly bigger than one, which would mean by the first part


The article is devoted to the current problem of alienation of labor in the process of digitalization of the socio-economic system. It is of paramount importance from the point of view of the very essence of a person and his place in the sphere of labor relations. The relevance of this article is due to the fact that in the process of digitalization of the economy there is a systematic decrease in the share of workers in the total number of employed. Thus, there is an increase in the effect of "alienation of labor", which leads to degradation and loss of human essence as a whole, since labor activity is one of its primary qualities. The purpose of the article is to identify the place and role of a person in the conditions of transformation of the socio-economic system. In the course of the study, system analysis, induction, deduction, citation methods, situational analysis, analogy and dialectics were used. Today, many countries of the world attach great importance to the introduction of digital technologies in various areas of the economy, which is directly related to the stimulation of innovation, computerization and mechanization of the work of modern people. But, it is important to understand here that in the conditions of constant changes in the socio-economic system, it is the person who is the main subject of development, the actor of a powerful whole. He must participate in the processes that make up the sphere of his life, facilitate decision-making, as well as control them. It has been proved that a necessary condition for the development of the country in the process of transformation of the socio-economic system is the growth of investments in human potential, which ensures the fulfillment of natural rights to work and the very existence of the individual.


With a careful study of the external forms and the cuticles of the fossil leaves, a species of Thinnfeldia, which was collected from Langdai,Liuzhi County of Guizhou Province,has been identified as T.rhomboidalis Ett. Compare with two other species T. alethopteroides Sze and T.laxa Sze found in Yanchang Formation, Northern Shaanxi, which showed very similar external form (no cuticle structure) of T.rhomboidalis, therefore it is appropriate to clarify them as T. rhomboidalis. As for the genus Thinnfeldia,based on the study of Chinese material, the author set forth her opinion that Thinnfeldia should be a separate genus instead of merging into the genus of Pachypteris as has been clarified by many palaeobotanists.


For a demographic group that makes up approximately 3 per cent of the UK's population, the Muslim community manages to command more than its fair share of newspaper headlines. Rarely does a week pass without controversy, whether it be veil-wearing women in MP's surgeries, demands for sharia law, young men burning flags outside the Danish embassy or fundamentalist clerics preaching hatred of the West. Not to mention the wouldbe suicide bombers hiding within our communities. The latter point is of course critical; the threat from terrorism provides the backdrop onto which the actions of the Muslim community are projected and then re-interpreted. British Muslims may have many legitimate reasons to mobilise, and as Statham reminds us, people do not mobilise without just cause (Statham, 2003). They experience some of the worst levels of educational attainment and unemployment, and suffer below average standards of health and housing. They are angry about the war in Iraq and Britain's foreign policy towards the Islamic world. And they are also trying to negotiate their place in modern British society. But the security issue is ever present and causes many of their actions to be misinterpreted – sometimes knowingly, often through ignorance. Mobilisation within Muslim communities takes a variety of forms. Many have thrown themselves into community work to change conditions at the grass roots level. Some have entered mainstream politics, either through the three main parties and the Respect Party or fringe movements, like the Stop the War Coalition. Others work through representative bodies, such as Muslim Council of Britain (MCB) and the Federation of Muslim Organisations (FMO). And on an individual level, many are making deeply political interventions – consciously or not – through their dress, behaviour, and interactions with non-Muslims, which are raising questions about what it means to be British. Ismail Patel divides Muslim activism into three categories. First there is the largest group who are engrossed in their daily lives and show only occasional verbal support for fellow Muslims, perhaps through participating in demonstrations. Second, there are those who strongly associate with the establishment and believe that the only way to change the system is from within. And finally, there are those who tend to be labelled as 'radicals' who push to the limits democratic principles to get their voice heard (Patel, 2007). So, why are we so concerned about the Respect Party and all these other non-violent forms of mobilisation? Why does the emergence of a new political activism cause such alarm? After all, so many of the interventions fall into Patel's second group, people who are working through the system to bring about change from within. And they come at a time


Two new canonic active RC networks are proposed for the simulation of grounded and floating lossy inductors. A grounded inductor is simulated with one operational amplifier, four resistors and one grounded capacitor. The circuit for a floating inductor employs two amplifiers, six resistors, and only one capacitor.


Ph.D. dissertation, Jeffrey A. Drobney's new book Lumbermen and Log Sawyers: Life,Labor, and Culture in the North FloridaTimber Industry, 1830-1930 (Mercer University Press, 1997, $39.95) examines the impact of technological change on the timber industry and its workers in northern Florida. Tracing the growth of large forest industry organizations in the u.s. South, Drobney focuses his discussion on the topics of company paternalism and labor relations within the lumber, sawmill, and turpentine industries.Jeff Drobney was the recipient of an FHS Bell Fellowship in 1993.


Background: Mesothelioma is a disease that attacks the mesothelium cells or the external part of the organ. Mesothelioma often attacks pleura of the lung organs. One of the development of mesothelioma is Benign Papillary Mesothelioma. This disease is a rare disease. Benign Papillary Mesothelioma is a cancer that caused by the Simian-40 virus (SV-40) and can be induced by exposure to asbestos. Purpose: This study aimed to record the pathogenesa of Benign Papillary Mesothelioma disease in a female patient. Methods: This study used the recording data of patient from the clinical data, radiological and histopathological as the supporting data. In patient's history, the patient's condition experienced progression by a pleural effusion, SVKS and a high risk of thrombosis. That invasion was examined by the results of pleural fluid analysis, pleural fluid cytology and chest X-ray CT with contrast. Result: In patients with tumors, an emergency could occur if it did not treated immediately and caused a life threatening. The drugs management of patients with SVKS and the risk of thrombosis can help reduce patient complaints. Conclusions: Mass biopsy was also conducted by using HE staining, where the diagnosis results told the patient has chronic pleurisy, pulmonary edema and congestion. Patients were planned for platinum-based chemotherapy.


325 Background: Diabetes mellitus (DM) has been hypothesized to be a risk factor for development of renal cell carcinoma (RCC). We evaluated impact of DM on survival outcomes in RCC. Methods: We performed a retrospective analysis of the International Marker Consortium for Renal Cancer (INMARC). The cohort was divided into three subgroups (patients with stage I vs. stage II vs. stage III RCC) for descriptive, survival and multivariable analysis of outcomes. Kaplan Meier Analysis (KMA) was used to compare diabetic and non-diabetic patients in the different stage subgroups to evaluate overall survival (OS), cancer-specific survival (CSS) and progression-free survival (PFS). Cox Regression multivariable analysis (MVA) was used to elucidate independent risk factors for all-cause mortality (ACM). Results: 2,927 patients with stage I RCC (709-DM/ 2218 non-DM), 2,513 with stage II RCC (688 DM/1825 non-DM) and 460 with stage 3 RCC (355 DM/ 105 non-DM) were analyzed. MVA revealed DMII having no impact on CSM (p=0.118) or PFS (p=0.316) across all stages. MVA for ACM revealed age (HR 1.026, p<0.001), male sex (HR=1.425, p<0.001), hypertension (HR=1.693, p <0.001) and tumor size (HR=1.064, p<0.001) as independent risk factors. KMA identified increased ACM in stage I (p<0.001) and stage III (p<0.001) RCC patients with non-DM compared to diabetic patients. Conclusions: Our findings suggest that DM may have impact on survival of in RCC, but this impact is mostly driven by non-oncologic, as opposed to oncologic effects. Further investigation is requisite.


Structural failure by the formation of plastic hinges in piles passing through liquefiable soils has been observed in the majority of the recent strong earthquakes such as 1995 Kobe (JAPAN), 1999 Kocheli (TURKEY) and 2001 Bhuj (INDIA). The failure not only occurred in laterally spreading soils but also was observed in level grounds; see for example Tokimatsu et al (1997). The failure was often accompanied by settling and or tilting of the structure rendering it unusable after the earthquake. This paper proposes criteria for safe design of piled foundations in seismically liquefiable areas. 2. Predominant loads acting on piled foundations during earthquakes and fundamental failure mechanisms


Purpose: The prognostic factors of renal cell carcinoma (RCC) are well known. However, the knowledge about the behavior of the nodal and metastatic involvement is still lacking. We analyzed the prognostic factors and survival for patients with various statuses of RCCs. Materials and Methods: We conducted a retrospective review of 1,140 patients who had RCC between 1989 and 2005. The patients with multifocal and/or cystic RCCs, bilateral RCCs, RCCs related to ESRD and von Hippel-Lindau disease or the patients who didn't undergo lymph node dissection were excluded. The patients were divided into 4 groups; the TxN0M0 (473 patients), TxN1-2M0 (31), TxN0M1 (47) and TxN1-2M1 (21) groups. Univariate and multivariate analysis were performed to identify the prognostic factors (age, the mean tumor size, the pT stage, the histological type, the nuclear grade and the presence of symptoms). The fiveyear cancer-specific survival (CSS) also was calculated. Results: The five-year CSS for each group was 90.5%, 62.8%, 38.8% and 17.9%, respectively. For the TxN0M0 group, every prognostic factor had a significant impact on survival on univariate analysis. Multivariate analysis subsequently showed that the pT stage, the histological type and the nuclear grade were independent prognostic factors. For the TxN1-2M0 group, the histological type was a significant prognostic factor. Age and the pT stage were independent prognostic factors for the TxN0M1 group and the presence of symptoms was an independent prognostic factor for the TxN1-2M1 group. Conclusions: The survival was the highest for the TxN0M0 group and it was the lowest for the TxN1-2M1 group. The survival for the TxN1-2M0 group was better than that for the TxN0M1 group. These results obtained by analyzing the prognostic factors and the five-year CSS according to the various nodal and metastatic statuses of RCC patients will provided crucial information to predict clinical progression and the survival outcomes. (Korean J Urol 2008;49:490-496) 󰠏󰠏󰠏󰠏󰠏󰠏󰠏󰠏󰠏󰠏󰠏󰠏󰠏󰠏󰠏󰠏󰠏󰠏󰠏󰠏


Zero emission coal(ZEC) process based on calcium looping in which CO2 is captured through a cyclic carbonation/calcination process is a promising technology for hydrogen production. In this process, H2 S should be removed before raw gas flows into the downstream carbonator/reformer. In this work, the cycled Ca O derived from limestone after multiple carbonation/calcination cycles for CO2 capture was used to remove H2 S from raw gas. Cyclic carbonation/calcination of Ca O was performed in a dual fixed-bed reactor and then the cycled Ca O was sent to a sulfidation reactor for H2 S removal. The effects of carbonation/calcination cycle number, sulfidation temperature, H2S concentration and Ca O microstructure on sulfidation performance of the cycled Ca O from CO2 capture cycles were investigated. The cycled CaO after the long-term carbonation/calcination cycles for CO2 capture still had high H2 S removal capacity. Sulfidation conversion of CaO derived from limestone decreased rapidly with increasing number of carbonation/calcination cycles in the first 20 cycles, and then decreased slowly with further increasing cycle number. After sulfidation for 120 min, sulfidation conversion of the Ca O after 0 cycle was nearly 100%. And sulfidation conversions of the cycled Ca O after 1, 20 and 100 cycles were 94%, 81% and 74%, respectively. H2 S concentration showed a great effect on H2 S removal of the cycled Ca O. Sulfidation temperature in the range of 800—1000℃ had a little effect on H2 S removal of the cycled Ca O, and the optimum sulfidation temperature was 900℃. As the cycle number increased, specific surface area of the cycled Ca O dropped due to sintering. The pores 20—150 nm in diameter of the cycled Ca O which were closely related with H2 S adsorption also decreased. Thus, H2 S removal capacity of the cycled Ca O decayed with the number of cycles.


It is so rare to find an entire book devoted to one's passion that it should be treated as a potential treasure. When the treasure is written in English, it is a special bonus. Considered as a potential "box of treasures," Beyond Art should be a beautifully wrapped box, filled with infinite goodies. The compilation of articles results from the First Oregon Archaeological Retreat in 1993 and the Second Paul L. and Phyllis Wattis Foundation Endowment Symposium at the California Academy of Sciences in 1995. The "beyond art" reference is not "beyond" in the sense of time or place as much as it is in the sense of knocking away the restrictions imposed by using the word "art." Although there are articles that focus on other than the European scene, one gets the feeling that the theme is pointed directly at the European Upper Paleolithic and the imposed western-generated ideas of what "art" means. The "wrappings" on this treasure box is a direction by the editors that scholars not think, write, or explain Upper Paleolithic "art," but rather think, write and explain imagery on cave walls, bone, stone slabs, and statuettes of the female form.


Intercropping is a practice mostly done by small-scale farmers. It's a cropping system which involves the growth of two or more plants in the same field during the same season to allow interactions between component crops. The importance of this cropping system implies insurance against total crop failure, yield improvement, weed control, pest and diseases control, biological nitrogen fixation, increased light interception, increased biomass formation, high incomes returns, yield advantages shown by land equivalent ratio. This study is a collection of reviewed reports recently done on intercropping and which have focused on cereal-legume intercropping. It assessed the advantages obtained from intercropping, especially in cereal-legume cropping system. However, reviewed reports showed useful information base for agricultural scientist with interest in the field of intercropping research with particular focus on cereal-legume intercropping system. * Corresponding Author: M. Jean Pierre  email@example.com International Journal of Agronomy and Agricultural Research (IJAAR) ISSN: 2223-7054 (Print) 2225-3610 (Online) http://www.innspub.net Vol. 12, No. 6, p. 155-165, 2018 Int. J. Agron. Agri. R. Kinama and Pierre Page 156 Introduction Soybeans which nodulate effectively with diverse indigenous rhizobia are considered as promiscuous (Maphosa, 2015). Promiscuous in nodulation allows soybean to be introduced into a range of environments where lack of suitable inoculants would otherwise preclude growing the crop (Mpepereki et al., 2000). Promiscuous soybeans are more important for small scale farmers because of their multiple benefits. Among those benefits include: increase of household nutrition from high protein and oil content, cash income from sales of the crop, biological nitrogen fixation which result in reduction of mineral fertiliser cost, and yield advantages derived from intercropping (Ijoyah, 2012). Intercropping, the practice done closely by small scale farmers is defined as the growth of two or more crops together, in the same field during the growing season to promote the interaction among component crops (Habineza et al., 2017). Cereals –legumes cropping system is the most used by small scale farmers in Sub Saharan Africa because of their compatibility (Lithourgidis et al., 2011). The reason of that combination is not only based of the high returns per unit area in intercropping than in sole crop, but also it offers the farmers insurance against crop failure, helps control erosion, weeds and insect infestation and brings about a more distribution of farm labour than sole crop. There are also some socio-economic, biological and ecological advantages in intercropping over mono-cropping (Mohammed et al., 2008). Many researchers worked on promiscuous and non promiscuous soybean intercropped with cereals such as Simpson, (1999); Mpepereki et al., (2000); Osunde et al., (2003); Sekamatte, et al., (2003); Prasad & Brook, (2005); Muoneke et al., (2007); Thole, (2007); Raji, (2007); Nekesa et al., (2011); Kananji et al., (2013); Sileshi, (2013); Zhang et al., (2015); Tsujimoto et al., (2015); Sebetha, (2015); Habineza et al., (2018). The objective of this paper is to put together review of works carried out by researchers; especially on cerealpromiscuous soybean based intercropping, which could be useful for other agricultural scientists that would want to research in this field. Intercropping system General overview on intercropping system Cropping system involves plants and plantarrangements and the organization method utilized on a specific farm during a given period. That word isn't novel. It has been utilized more frequently in recent years, debating about sustainable agriculture. Growing two or more crops (i.e. intercrop or association) is necessary in agriculture in terms of better usage of resources, increasing light interception, increasing yields, productivity and raising soil fertility than sole cropping (Li et al., 2013). Intercropping system comprises four technics which are: Mixed arrangement, where plants are grown simultaneously in association; row arrangement, where plants component are grown simultaneously in diverse rows; strip arrangement, where plants are grown simultaneously in diverse strips; and relay arrangement , where plant are grown in relay so that growth cycles overlap (Li et al., 2013). Productivity and profitability are among the reason which allow preference of cereallegume cropping system used to day by many farmers in order to achieve food and nutritional security and sustainability. Yield benefit, high use efficiency of light and water, and pest and disease reduction are major causes of intercropping preference. Legumescereals are intercropped aiming that, cereals will profit from the N fixed by legumes (Mohammed et al., 2008). Plant legumes are also important in increasing production, as well as N and P nourishment of cereals. In intercropping, the level of reserve of nutrient, total yield and yield between intra and interspecific can be influenced by competition or the presence of ecosystem resources (Nwaogu and Muogbo, 2015). In addition, a lot of mechanisms explain how intercropping use water, light, nutrients proficiently than mono-cropping (Andersen, 2005). That situation can happen when the component crops are not competing for the same nutrients (Trenbath, 1993). Intercropping system profits Intercropping system is known by many scientists as valuable to farmers in the for small-input/high-risk environment of the tropics. Int. J. Agron. Agri. R. Kinama and Pierre Page 157 Intercropping legumes-cereals is suitable small-scale farmers because of the capacity of cereals to reduce soil erosion and increasing of soil fertility by legumes. Flexibility, profit maximization, risk minimization are also causes of intercropping preference by small-scale farmers in addition increasing soil fertility, ecosystem conservation, weeds control and stable nutrition (Dwivedi et al., 2015). Cereals require the same space in sole crop as in intercrop to produce the same yield (Ijoyah, 2012). That is why intercropping is better for maximization of the land for production in this time where population is increasing exponentially while production is increasing arithmetically (Ijoyah, 2012). However, good intercropping achieve on best benefits due to positive interaction between the component crops (Lithourgidis et al., 2011).


We investigate the ultrafast magnetization dynamics of FePt in the L10 phase after an optical heating pulse, as used in heat assisted magnetic recording. We compare continuous and nanogranular thin films and emphasize the impact of the finite size on the remagnetization dynamics. The remagnetization speeds up significantly with increasing external magnetic field only for the continuous film, where domain wall motion governs the dynamics. The ultrafast remagnetization dynamics in the continuous film are only dominated by heat transport in the regime of high magnetic fields, whereas the timescale required for cooling is prevalent in the granular film for all magnetic field strengths. These findings highlight the necessary conditions for studying the intrinsic heat transport properties in magnetic materials.


Tomb index Preface Note on method Abbreviations The tombs Part I. Catalogue of Finds Part II. Pottery: 1. Survey 2. Classification 3. Analysis of patterns 4. Technique 5. Imported pottery Part III. Metal: 6. Pins 7. Fibulae 8. Tweezers 9. Other objects Part IV. Terracotta, Faience, etc.: 10. Terracotta 11. Faience 12. Glass 13. Amber 14. Ivory and bone 15. Stone Chronology and conclusions General index Plates Figures illustrating the analysis of patterns Maps.


Background: Hypertension is a public health problem worldwide. Elevated systolic blood pressure ≥140 mm Hg or diastolic blood pressure ≥90 mmHg are defined as Hypertension. The choice of an antihypertensive drug is based on its efficacy, side-effects, effects on other systems and cost. The objective of this study is to evaluate the prescription pattern of antihypertensive drugs in a private health care centre.Methods: A retrospective observational study was carried out in the out-patient department of a private health care centre, Chennai from November 2018 to December 2018.Results: In the present study, 104 prescriptions were selected based on the inclusion criteria. In which 62 (59.61%) were males and 42 (40.38%) were females. Prescriptions belonging to age group of <40 years were 11 (10.57%), 40–59 years were 48 (46.15%) and >60 years were 45 (43.26%). Monotherapy was received by 62 hypertensive patients and as combination therapy by 42 patients.Conclusions: Even though the prescription pattern of antihypertensive drugs in this study complied with the recommended guidelines, clinicians should always be vigilant and consider change of regimen whenever necessary.


The utility model is suitable for the filed of crown block hauling, providing a crown block positioning device and a crown block hauling system. The crown block positioning device comprises a positioning drive motor and a positioning control unit, wherein the positioning drive motor is installed on a driving wheel of the crown block and drives the operation of the crown block; and the positioning control unit is installed on the crown block, and is used for obtaining the position information of the crown block and controlling the positioning drive motor according to the position information of the crown block. The positioning control unit comprises a linear encoder, a plurality of induction retaining blocks, a plurality of proximity switches and a controller, wherein the linear encoder is used for measuring; the induction retaining blocks are installed on different positions under the track of the crown block; the proximity switches are installed on the crown block; and the controller is used for controlling the positioning drive motor according to the output data of linear encoder for position measuring and the absolute position data transmitted by the proximity switches. The linear encoder can reduce the non-counting phenomena of the encoder on the driven shaft caused by the sliding of the wheel on the track. The proximity switches can help to correct the current position and ensure the precise position.


In glass-forming oxide systems without modifier ions, network structures are not broken anywhere, and these glasses must be different in their properties from usual glasses which contain some modifier components. In the glasses of the GeO2-B2O3 system we measured several properties: the thermal expansion, the deforming temperature, the density, the refractive index, the viscosity, and the infra-red absorption. The results of our measurements are shown in Figs. 1-6 and Fig. 11. We can see, in Figs. 1-4 and Fig. 6a, one or two bending points in every curve showing the relation between the composition and the property. The composition of the first point is about 85 cat.% of B2O3, while that of the second point is about 50 cat.%. The latter point appears similarly in every curve; it is assumed that the reason for the appearance of the latter point is a packing effect of two kinds of balls with different radii.The first point appears clearly in the curve of the expansion coefficient, which resembles that of the SiO2-B2O3 system. Accordingly, it is considered that the appearance of the first point is due to an effect of the 4-coordination structure, which interferes with the thermal expansion effect of the 3-coordination. structure. If it is assumed that the interference of the 4-coordination acts not only on the oxygens connecting with the 4-coordination ion directly (marked _??_ in Fig. 7), but also on the next oxygens beyond B (marked _??_), this effect reaches a maximum at 13.04 cat.% of the 4-coordination component and becomes zero at 42.85 cat.%. We can then represent the expansion coefficient of these systems by the following equations:x=0.0000-0.1304α=αIV⋅x+(1-x)αB-4(γ+2δ)xx=0.1304-0.4285α=αIV⋅x+(1-x)αB-4γx-(1.5-3.5x)δx=0.4285-1.0000α=αIV⋅x+(1-x)(αB-3γ), x=4 cat.% fraction of the 4-coordinate component, α=the expansion coefficient of glass, αIV=the expansion coefficient of the 4-coordinate component, αB=the expansion coefficient of B2O3.B2O3-SiO2 system: γ=2.6, δ=2.9B2O3-GeO2 system: γ=2.53, δ=2.0In connection with above things we considered the problem of boric acid anomaly in the B2O3-R2O system (R=Li, Na, K). According to the above results, a bending point must appear at the constant place (Fig. 8), even though the 4-coordination of B increases continuously with the quantity of R. However, the minimum point of the expansion coefficient of these systems depends on the kind of alkali ion. Therefore, the reason for the increase in the expansion coefficient beyond the minimum point is the decrease in the hole radius of the polygonal ring; this shrinkage is caused by the increase in the 4-coordination structure (cf. Fig. 9 and Table 1). The shrinkage of the hole results from the repulsion of the alkali ion or from its exclusion from an intersticial hole.We then studied the expansion coefficient of the B2O3-GeO2-Na2O system. The results correspond with the calculated values assuming the preferential 4-coordination of B (marked in Fig. 10), and does not correspond with the values assuming that of Ge (marked _??_). The addition of the 4-coordination of Ge causes shrinking of the hole, but it does not cause the repulsion of the alkali ion. Accordingly it is assumed that the increase in the expansion coefficient beyond the minimum point arises from the replusion of the alkali ion.We also studied the


The pressure effects on superconducting transition temperature Tc and thermopwer S were studied up to 16 GPa for HgBa2Cam−1CumO2m+2+δ with m = 1–3 over a broad doping range. Direct measurement for a HgBa2Ca2Cu3O8+δ sample with Tc = 115 K shows that the charge transfer is negative and unusually small, i.e. ∼ −0.0004 holes/(CuO2·GPa). The Tc (P ) over a broad doping levels, on the other hand, suggests that factors not being considered in the charge transfer model may play important roles. Site-selective cationsubstitution shows that the local environment of Hg may be one of the factors.


In this paper the location of libration points, triangular as well as collinear libration points in the generalized photogravitational elliptic restricted three body problem has been studied. The problem is generalized in the sense that the bigger primary is taken as an oblate spheroid and the smaller primary is considered as a source of radiation. It has been found that triangular and collinear libration points are different from those in classical case.


This study aimed to analyze the associations between cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF), waist circumference (WC) and metabolic risk in children and adolescents. Participants were 633 subjects (58.7% girls) aged 10-18 years. Metabolic risk score (MRS) was calculated from HDL-cholesterol, triglycerides, fasting glucose and mean arterial pressure. MRS was dichotomized into low and high metabolic risk (HMRS). Maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max) was estimated from the 20m Shuttle Run Test. The first quartile of CRF was set as the low fit group. The fourth quartile of WC was defined as high central adiposity. With adjustments for age, sex and WC, VO2max was correlated with MRS (r=-0.095; P correlated with MRS (r=0.150; P VO2max. Participants who were low fit, presented higher levels of MRS (P compared to those who were fit, even after adjustment for age, sex and WC. In comparison with subjects who were fit with normal central adiposity, an increased risk for being at HMRS was found for participants who were low fit with high central adiposity (OR=2.934; 95%CI= 1.690-5.092) and for those who were low fit with normal central adiposity (OR=2.234; 95%CI=1.116-4.279). Results suggest that CRF associates with MRS, independently of central adiposity.


As an important branch of solar thermal utilization,solar cooker has experienced many years' development and is still a trend of the energy utilization.Aiming at improving the spotlighting performance and portability of solar cooker,the manufacture technique of the traditional solar cooker is improved.A manufacture method of off-axis portable solar cooker combined stove shells with portable box is presented.This method simplifies the manufacture procedure by omitting the die making,reducing the cost and improving the portability at the same time.The performance test demonstrates its feasibility.


Background  : Based on the results of Basic Health Research (Riskesdas) in 2013 , the prevalence of anemia in pregnant women in Indonesia is 37,1% . The incidence of anemia in Central Java in 2015 reached 56,2%  which is higher than the national rate of 50,5% . The incidence of anemia in pregnant women will increase the risk of maternal death. To reduce the incidence of anemia in pregnant women is done by consuming at least 90 Fe tablets, but must be supported and assisted by providing intake of foods rich in iron. One type of peanuts that contain high in iron is mungbean. Mungbean contain the substances needed for the formation of blood cells that can overcome the effects of decreased hemoglobin. Objective  : To know the effect of mungbeans juice on hemoglobin levels of anemia pregnant women. Met hod  : This study used the Pretest-Posttest C ontro l GroupD esign. Number of samples each group of 10 people interventions performed on the treatment group in the form of mungbeans juice for 20 days in anemia pregnant women who consumed Fe tablets while control group only consumed Fe tablets. Test used to know the effect of intervention on hemoglobin level using ANOVA R epeated M easure with α = 0,05. Result  : The mean elevation of hemoglobin level after intervention in the treatment group was 0,84 g/dl and in the control group 0,71 g/dl. Based on the results of anova test, there was no significant effect (p=0,452) of mungbeans juice on hemoglobin levels of anemia pregnant women after controlled with energy, protein, iron, vitamin C and vitamin A intake. Conclusion  : There was no significant effect of mungbean juice on hemoglobin levels of anemia pregnant women.


Currently the business sector of restaurants and cafA©s in Surabaya has been developing rapidly.
In a relatively short time, many restaurants and cafA©s appear with unique and various offers. Restaurant and
cafA© are businesses that emphasize not only on the food served, but also on the service delivery of the
employees. In other words, the business of restaurants and cafA©s not only sell the product but also sell the
service. In this research, the data collection is done by distributing questionnaires to 794 employees and
customers in 55 restaurants and cafA©s in Surabaya which adopt the table service concept. The Partial Least
Square for Multivariate Analysis is employed for processing the data.


Objectives : Ohyaksungi-san(Wuyaoshunqi-san) has been used for many years as a treatment for cerebrovascular disease in tradition Korean medicine. The purpose of the study was carried out to investigate the acute toxicity and safety of Ohyaksungi-san(Wuyaoshunqi-san) extract. Methods : Experimental groups were divided into 4 groups, 0(control group), 1250, 2500 and 5000 ㎎/㎏ of Ohyaksungi-san(Wuyaoshunqi-san) extracts were orally administered to 20 male and 20 female ICR mice. After single administration, we observed number of the death, general toxicity, changes of body weight and autopsy. Results : Compared with the control group, we could not find any toxic sign in the mortalities, clinical signs, body weight changes, necropsy findings and hematological values in all treated groups(1250, 2500 and 5000 ㎎/㎏). Conclusions : LD?? of Ohyaksungi-san(Wuyaoshunqi-san) extracts might be over 5000 ㎎/㎏ and it is very safe to ICR mice.


Despite widespread interest, electronic commerce for audio currently still presents a major challenge with regard to aspects such as security, transaction handling, interoperability of devices and services and end user experience. While many component technologies are already available addressing certain aspects of this scenario, a seamless integration of these functionalities into one unified framework has not been established yet. In response to this problem, the vision of the ongoing MPEG-21 standardization effort is to define a multimedia framework enabling transparent and augmented use of multimedia resources across a wide range of networks and devices used by different communities. This paper attempts to provide an overview over the concepts and the current status of the MPEG-21 framework and discusses its relevance for future electronic distribution and commerce of audio.


Objective\ To evaluate the value of CT in differentiating prostatic carcinoma (PC) from benign prostatic hyperplasia(BPH). \ Methods\ CT features of 23 cases of PC and 23 cases of BPH were studied retrospectively. All cases were confirmed pathologically, either by surgery or needle biopsy. \ Results\ The incidence of low density nodule,irregular figure, bladder wall infiltrated, round mass in bladder and blunting or obliteration of seminal vesicle angle was more frequently seen in prostatic carcinoma, the difference being significant ( χ 2=5.66-9.13, P 0.05). The feature of double peak soft tissue mass in the bladder was more commonly seen in BPH than in PC ( χ 2=5.25, P 0.05). \ Conclusion\ CT is of certain significance in differentiating PC from BPH.


Autoclaved Aerated concrete (AAC) have a lot of profit used for structure such as heat insulation, sound insulation, fire as well as mould confrontation, abridged dead load as well as a lot more. AAC products take in block, wall panel, ground also top panels, also lintels. as well insulate ability, one of AAC's compensation in creation is its fast with simple setting up while the material can be routed, sand also slice to dimension on site by normal carbon steel band saws, hand saws also drills. Although ACC is being created for a lot of years, here are still a little point so as to need to be clarify. One of these points is humidity intrusion effects on AAC members in areas with high relative humidity levels of Mediterranean climates which are important in durability and insulation properties of AAC. This work presents the identify the usage of AAC in construction projects. This work also provides the economical comparative analysis with clay bricks as well as AAC blocks, and how AAC block is effective that clay bricks. This work also can improve the sound insulation of internal and external wall. The experimental analysis shows the test results of proposed system with internal as well as external walls.


A Wider Range examines the multifarious forms of writing that emerged out of Victorian women's travel experiences in their quests to establish public authority and cultural credibility.


In August 2014, at the height of the Ebola outbreak in West Africa, Liberian health and security forces instituted an emergency armed quarantine around West Point, one of Monrovia's poorest neighborhoods. When West Point residents protested, security forces fought back, killing one person and injuring many more. The West Point quarantine is one of a number of recent notable cases of urban "gray zone" security operations. That amorphous term has been used to describe both tactics and territories that do not look like conventional urban theaters of war. Disease outbreaks such as Ebola, natural disasters such as the Haiti earthquake, or law enforcement operations like the arrest of Dudus Coke in Kingston, Jamaica, all seem to require extraordinary new capabilities for security forces. But actual gray zone operations are primarily carried out not by gray zone strategists but by "partner" forces, agents assumed to be more naturally capable of operating in the impossible environment of Global South cities. These surrogate war machines are, however, no less bound by the basic geometry of urban space and no less likely to produce the violent consequences of urban war.


AbstractOtic symptoms are well known to be part of the "syndrome" related to anterior disk displacement of the temporomandibular joint complex. This paper attempts to relate these symptoms to a possible causation already recognized as part of the disease system, namely retrodiskitis.In order to be affected by this disease, the parts of the ear governing these symptoms should be in close proximity, be vulnerable due to easy passage of inflammatory products, and be available (i.e., not bony-enclosed).Injections were made through the available passages and dissections performed showing the vulnerability of the two extrabony extensions of the middle ear and the inner ear. These were the eustacean tube and the saccus endolymphaticus.Ease of passage was demonstrated to both the above organ extensions. Theevidence seen tended to strenghten this theory in the form of fibrosis in these pathways. The importance of the hair cells in the inner ear was shown and possible effects on them demonstrated.This could very we...


Despite the rapid rate of cabinet changes in the course of the first four years of the Fourth French Republic and the dire predictions about its future,' there are many indications that constructive reforms are being carried out for the purpose of strengthening the Cabinet and providing the Prime Minister with instruments of leadership, policy-making, and planning. These reforms are not necessarily to be found in the Constitution of the Fourth Republic or in the "organic" laws passed in the last four years.2 In some cases they were introduced by simple executive order even before the Constitution of October 27, 1946, was established. They came to life quietly, without the fanfare of constitutional proclamations, and appear to have become permanent parts of the political institutions of the Fourth Republic. One of the most significant reforms of this kind is the organization and development of the "General Secretariat of the Government," which was first established by General de Gaulle's Provisional Government in Algiers and has been retained ever since. It has filled a serious gap in the structural organization of the Office of the Prime Minister and the Cabinet by performing for the first time functions analogous to those performed by the British Secretariat ever since 1916.3 There is general agreement that one of the most defective institutional developments of the Third Republic was the progressive weakening of the executive and the corresponding increase in the powers of the two legislative assemblies. For reasons into which we need not enter here, executive-legislative relations in France followed a development diametrically opposite to that of Great Britain. In the latter country the Cabinet has grown practically into an independent in-


Even in a country whose patron saint is the Horatio Alger hero, there is no parallel to their [the Japanese American] success strory. The view that Japanese and other Asian Americans constituted an economic success story gained popularity in the mass media and among scholars during the 1960s. At a time when the demands of the Civil Rights movement were challenging the government to redress the racism ingrown in American society, Japanese and other Asian Americans were often held up as "model minorities" who had overcome discrimination through their own efforts and without aid from government laws or service programs2. This practise has led to a debate over both the extent of the successs of Asian Americans and the reasons for their economic achievement3.


The main idea behind the disinvestments is realizing large amount of public resources locked up in non-strategic Public Sector Enterprises (PSEs) reemployment in area that are much higher on social priority such as basic health family welfare, primary education and social infrastructure. Disinvestments is initiated for reducing the public debt that is threatening to assume unmanageable proportion and transferring the commercial risk to which the taxpayer money locked up in public sector is exposed to the private sector is willing and able to step in the money that is deployed in the PSEs is really the public money and is exposed to an entirely avoidable and needless risk in most cases. The main objective of research is to study the impact of disinvestments on liquidity and long term solvency position of selected companies. It has been observed from the study that the database inadequacy is major hindrance toward the proper disinvestment. There is indeed a need to create a database, which covers information about industry, its functioning, value in India and abroad. Disinvestments need not and should not be regarded as a case of selling family silver. The original investments where made by the government out of its receipts.


A zeolite-like gyroidal MOF (denoted as SCNU-1) constructed with Cu ions and 4-(1H-imidazo[4,5-f][1,10]phenanthrolin-2-yl)phenol has a featured interpenetrating uninodal utc-c network which is for the first time found in the real structure. Moreover, SCNU-1 exhibits high thermal (>773 K), solvent, and acid/base stabilities; the largest CO2 affinity, 90 kJ/mol, among the MOFs functionalized with an aromatic hydroxyl group; and excellent CO2/N2 selectivity.


This study is dedicated to the comparative investigation of the catalytic activity of layer-like Faujasite-type (FAU) zeolite X obtained from three different synthesis routes (additive-free route, Li2CO3 route, and TPOAC route) in a liquid-phase Knoevenagel condensation of benzaldehyde and ethyl cyanoacetate to ethyl trans-α-cyanocinnamate. It is shown that the charge-balancing cations (Na+ and K+) and the morphological properties have a strong influence on the apparent reaction rate and degree of conversion. The highest initial reaction rate could be found for the layer-like zeolite X synthesised by the additive-free route in the potassium form. In most cases, the potassium-exchanged zeolites enabled higher maximum conversions and higher reaction rates compared to the zeolite X catalysts in sodium form. However, very thin crystal plates (below 100 nm thickness), similar to those obtained in the presence of TPOAC, did not withstand the multiple aqueous ion exchange procedure, with the remaining coarse crystals facilitating less enhancement of the catalytic activity.


Folded plate type latticed shell is one of the good spatial structures with static and economic characteristics superior to ordinary space grids; moreover,it is elegant in shape and rich in pattern. In this paper, the dynamic properties of folded plate type latticed shell are studied by modal analysis, response spectrum and time history method with the effects of thinness and slope on dynamic internal forces also discussed. The calculation indicates that the dynamic internal forces are merely half of those of the ordinary space grids, and its distribution law is also different. The dynamic force is about 10% of the static force. In addition,the results obtained from the response spectrum and time history method are nearly the same. The results in this paper can be referenced for practical engineering design.


A new concept of optimum factor weight is proposed, and is defined as the factor weight combination when the systematic quantity is in the ultimate state. Some considerations and method of determining optimum factor weight are given. Taking Hoi Wan highway bridge of Shenzhen-Hong Kong west corridor Project as an example, the application of the new method is shown. It is found that the proposed method can be reasonably to determine the optimum project site in complicated system with multi-factors.


We have developed a theoretical formalism to investigate the contribution of fluctuation of Coulomb interaction to the shot noise based on Keldysh non-equilibrium Green's function method. We have applied our theory to study the behavior of dc shot noise of atomic junctions using the method of nonequilibrium Green's function combined with the density functional theory (NEGF-DFT). In particular, for atomic carbon wire consisting 4 carbon atoms in contact with two Al(100) electrodes, first principles calculation within NEGF-DFT formalism shows a negative differential resistance (NDR) region in I-V curve at finite bias due to the effective band bottom of the Al lead. We have calculated the shot noise spectrum using the conventional gauge invariant transport theory with Coulomb interaction considered explicitly on the Hartree level along with exchange and correlation effect. Although the Fano factor is enhanced from 0.6 to 0.8 in the NDR region, the expected super-Poissonian behavior in the NDR regionis not observed. When the fluctuation of Coulomb interaction is included in the shot noise, our numerical results show that the Fano factor is greater than one in the NDR region indicating a super-Poissonian behavior.


This paper describes dramatherapy with a bulmina nervosa patient. She was in her early 20s and has been under the various psychotherapies for cure of deep depression since 2005. We had 24 sessions and 3 persons - the patient, the therapist, and the assist-therapist- participated in dramatherapy. I found there``s a big collision between her important roles in the course of initial interview and diagnosis. Those roles are ``a good daughter of mom`` and ``an independent adult``. Therefore I defined her bulmina nervosa as ``an symbolic behavior repeats compulsively the failure of separation from her mother.`` And I set the general goals, the separation from her mother, the awareness and expression of negative emotions, and the diminuation of overeating and vomiting. To attain these object, we had many different dramatic experiences in dramatherapy. We made a self-portrait, the mask of bulmina nervosa, family sculpture, figure work, the past I and the present I, psychodramatic scene and several stories. In order to objective assessment, I used behavioral observation and 6PSM(6 Pieces Story Making) analysis. First of all the most noticeable change was a rapid decrease in over-eating and vomiting. Before the dramatherapy she had overeaten 30 times per week. At the closure it has fallen off to 1 time per week. Another behavioral changes were shift of outward appearance, not going church, working for living, and having a date with only one. She made 3 stories on 1th session, 13th session, and 23th session. And I comparatively analysed those stories with both qualitative and quantitative method. For qualitative analysis, I classified 5 structures according to the substantial similrarity. On protagonist structure, there``s no difference. Three protagonists are dead things. The type of task structure is changed from an escape, a traveling, to metamorphosis. The type of obstruction structure is changed from the protagonist to an outside object. The type of closure structure is changed from an exaggerated happy ending, sad ending to probable happy ending. To quantitify the aspects of transformation, I developed an assesment tool using likert scale. It is composed of 4 sub-categories-reality testing, imagination, ego-strength, optimism problem-solving. In reality testing category, a shift of score was 9-11-15, imagination 2-5-5, ego strength 3-2-2, optimism 6-3-7, and total score 20-21-29. This change of score reflects the growth of problem solving capacity. Viewed in this light, dramatherapy with this girl was successful on the whole. The thing had significant effect on it was psycho-dynamic approach focused on separation from her mother and defence mechanism to avoid negative emotion. And assessment method used in this case will be full of suggestions to researches to come.


5115 Background: The aim of this trial was to investigate the efficacy and toxicity of weekly combination of docetaxel and gemcitabine in the management of recurrent ovarian cancer.

METHODS
Patients with recurrent ovarian, primary peritoneal and fallopian tube cancer (platinum sensitive and resistant), who had up to 2 prior regimen of chemotherapy received docetaxel (30 mg/m2) and gemcitabine (650 mg/m2) on days 1, 8 and 15 every 28 days.

RESULTS
To date, a total of 16 patients (median age 73; range 50-85) have been treated. Nine (56%) were platinum sensitive and 7(44%) were platinum resistant. A total of 53 cycles of chemotherapy were administered (median=2.5, range 2-6). Toxicity included grade 3 and 4 granulocytopenia (25% and 37.5% respectively), grade 3 thrombocytopenia (6.25%), grade 2 asthenia (25%), grade 2 hepatic toxicity (12.5%), and grade 2 edema (12.5%). One dose level reduction was necesary in 7(43.75%) patients. No neutropenic fever, grade 4 thrombocytopenia, or grade 3 or 4 anemia was encountered. Among the 15 evaluable patients, overall response rate was 20% (3 partial responses). Six patients (40%) had stable disease, and 6 (40%) demonstrated progression. Median time to progression and over all survival was 11 and 24 weeks respectively.

CONCLUSIONS
Weekly docetaxel plus gemcitabine appears to be a tolerable regimen with minimal toxicity in this older population of patients (7 age > 80 years of age). No complete response was observed. Response rates appear to be comparable with single agent docetaxel given every 21 days with significantly less (p=0.0019) grade 3 or 4 neutropenia. No significant difference in response between platinum sensitive and resistant patients has been observed to date. Administration of weekly docetaxel and gemcitabine is feasible and tolerable in advanced ovarian cancer patients. [Table: see text].


The tibiofibular syndesmosis injuries occur in ankle fractures and in order to the loss of stability of ankle joint. Early and accurate diagnosis and treatment is the key to archive satisfactory outcome. Incorrect treatment may lead to chronic ankle instability and osteoarthritis. Some controversy still exists regarding the evaluation and treatment of syndesmotic injuries, particularly the determination of stability of the injured syndesmosis and timing and pattern of syndesmotic fixation. Here we review the current information about anatomy, mechanism of injury and biomechanics syndesmosis. In addition, the diagnosis and advances in therapy of syndesmotic injuries are discussed.


It is often necessary to correct for delay times in the units of a measurement channel, especially in the case of flight tests. In a pressure measurement channel the sensing orifice is connected to the transducer by a pressure line which may be several meters in length. In this case the pneumatic delay time might well be the major contribution to the total delay time of the pressure measurement channel. Therefore a methodology to measure pneumatic delay times has been developed at the National Aerospace Laboratory NLR of the Netherlands.
The methodology is based on the determination of the complex transfer function of the pressure line in the frequency range of interest. From the transfer function the delay time as a function of the frequency can be calculated.
The transfer function is established by measuring the amplitude and phase response of the pressure system at a number of discrete frequencies. In this paper the equipment to generate a pneumatic stimulus and the equipment to determine the amplitude and phase response is described.


In this work, a self-made dip-coater equipment was developed for the fabrication of thin films. The assembly of the apparatus was carried out using simple mechanical and electronic pieces, recycle parts, and spending an inexpensive budget suitably. The production, software design, and features of the device were focused on the sol-gel dip-coating method, which involves gravitational draining and drying processes, as well as continued condensation reactions. The dip-coater was based on the Arduino microcontroller and a step motor. The immersion speed in the solution, the waiting time, and the withdrawal process were typed by a digital control panel, where the optimal range found for speed was 0.1 – 6.0 mm s-1 without vibration interferences. The total fabrication cost of the fabricated dip coater was less than 100 USD and the assembly process was not complicated. Finally, the performance of the dip-coater was evaluated through the deposit of copper oxide and iron oxide films on fluorine-doped tin oxide glass substrates layer by layer. The field emission scanning electron microscopy cross-section images confirm the formation of thin films with thickness in the nanoscale range, with good stability and sameness achieved through the control thickness during the dip-coating method under ambient conditions.


Summary

Weight-length relationships (WLR) are presented for 40 fish species inhabiting the mangrove creeks in the Curuca Estuary in Northern Brazil. Samples were taken bimonthly between July 2003 and 2004 with a fyke net. This study represents the first reference available on WLR for 28 fish species.


The premise of the popular higher education is diversification. The credit system is characterized by the refrac-tivity of teaching plan, the selectivity of studying contents, the versatility of the course exams and the harmony of relative systems and offers the multiple choice and the various development for the students. It puts forward the conception and the characteristic of the credit systems, the high requirement that the credit system advances for the library and information service. It also expatiates on some advice which includes readers service, resource construction and readers education etc. about how to face the credit system for the library and information service in college.


In this poster I discuss the nature of the compact X-ray source in the center of the supernova remnant RCW 103. Several models, based on the accretion onto a compact object such as a neutron star or a black hole (isolated or binary), are analyzed. I show that it is more likely that the central X-ray source is an accreting neutron star than an accreting black hole. I also argue that models of a disrupted binary system consisting of an old accreting neutron star and a new one observed as a 69-ms X-ray and radio pulsar are most favored.


Debate rages in Australia about the merits of using apex predators (dingoes Canis lupus dingo) to limit the impact of introduced mesopredators, which have been identified as the primary cause of Australia's mass mammal extinction since European arrival. All studies in this debate have ignored detectability issues and have instead relied primarily on unvalidated indices of footprints or photographs from trails as a measure of abundance or activity or both. We illustrate how detectability is likely to vary using these methods in ways that predict the outcome before any data are collected. We argue that until robust methods (e.g. distance sampling, mark–recapture, occupancy modelling) coupled with experimentation are used to assess this issue (and those of competition and trophic cascades in general), practitioners will be unwilling to implement the conservation actions suggested (in this case the reintroduction of dingoes). These issues are relevant to carnivore studies more generally.


Objective:To study the significance of p16INK4A protein detection for the early diagnosis of uterine cervical adenocarcinoma and its precursors lesion. Methods:A total of 58 paraffin embedded tissues were selected for this study. In which,20 cases were normal cervical epithelia,6 cases were cervical glandular intraepithelial neoplasia (CGIN),and 32 cases were cervical adenocarcinomas. The EnVision method of immunohistochemistry was used for the detection of p16INK4A protein expression,and the clinico-pathological significance of p16INK4A expression was analyzed. Results: The expression of p16INK4A was negative in all 20 cases of normal cervical epithelia;However,83.3%(5/6) of CGIN and 93.8% (30/32) of cervical adenocarcinoma were strongly positive for p16INK4A protein. Conclusion:P16INK4A is a good marker for the early diagnosis of uterine cervical adenocarcinoma.