Microorganism was the main cause of soybean paste deterioration.Nisin has effect on controlling bacteria and preventing deterioration in soybean paste.Experiment was carried out using different dosage of Nisin.It was showed that addition of 0.01 g/kg Nisin could effectively control the microorganism in soybean paste and prevent the over-fermentation,sedimentation and deterioration during the storage and distribution of soybean paste at 37℃.The result indicated that Nisin could be used as substitute of the chemical antiseptic in soybean paste fresh-keeping.This method could alleviate the sterilization intensity and maintain the original color,flavor and nutrition of soybean paste,thus prolonging the shelf life of the products.


An optical resonance analogous to electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) is realized by using a silicon microring resonator assisted Mach-Zehnder Sagnac loop. Enhanced fast light and low-distortion slow light are experimentally achieved with the fabricated device.


We evaluated the carrier lifetime to estimate surface recombination velocities for 4H-SiC whose surfaces were treated by various processes. We found that the reactive ion etching (RIE) increased the surface recombination velocity, and we considered that point defects introduced by RIE influence the surface recombination velocity.


Semantic image segmentation is one of the fundamental applications of computer vision which can also be called pixel-level classification. Semantic image segmentation is the process of understanding the role of each pixel in an image. Over time, the model for completing Semantic Image Segmentation has developed very rapidly. Due to this rapid growth, many models related to Semantic Image Segmentation have been produced and have also been used or applied in many domains such as medical areas and intelligent transportation. Therefore, our motivation in making this paper is to contribute to the world of research by conducting a review of Semantic Image Segmentation which aims to provide a big picture related to the latest developments related to Semantic Image Segmentation. In addition, we also provide the results of performance measurements on each of the Semantic Image Segmentation methods that we discussed using the Intersectionover-Union (IoU) method. After that, we provide a comparison for each semantic image segmentation model that we discuss using the results of the IoU and then provide conclusions related to a model that has good performance. We hope this review paper can facilitate researchers in understanding the development of Semantic Image Segmentation in a shorter time, simplify understanding of the latest advancements in Semantic Image Segmentation, and can also be used as a reference for developing new Semantic Image Segmentation models in the future


To assess the effect of erythropoietin (EPO) treatment on blood pressure in continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPO) patients, we analyzed in a retrospective study the results of 6 months of EPO treatment in 17 CAPO patients. There were 10 females and 7 males, mean age 52 years, mean duration on CAPO 35 months. They received subcutaneously a mean initial EPO dose of 114±45 U/kg/week (range 59–209). This dose was adjusted throughout 6 months to achieve and maintain a target Hb of 100 g/L (Hct 30%). Seven of the patients were hypertensive before starting EPO treatment. Fifteen paients (88.2%) achieved the target hemoglobin. For all subjects (n=17) there was a significant increase in lying mean blood pressure (MBP) from 93.8± 10.0 to 1 05.2± 14.4 mmHg (p=0.0024). Four patients required an increase in their antihypertensive medication, and 4 were not treated before we started antihypertensive treatment (Group I). This group represents 46% (8/17) of the patints. There was no change in the antihypertensive medication status of the remaining 9 patients (Group II). The baseline lying MBP was not significantly different for the two groups (98.8±9.8 mmHg vs 96.1±7.2 mmHg). The mean weekly dose of EPO during the first 3 months was higher in Group I (126 vs 100 U/kg) and conversely was lower during the last 3 months (mean dose 108 vs 117 U/kg). Patients of Group I were younger (mean age 47 vs 56 years), had a lower body weight at the time of EPO start (55 vs 66 kg), a higher increase of Hb during the first 2 months (28.8 vs 20.8 g/L), and reached the target Hb sooner (2.25 vs 4.0 months). A comparison group of 17 patients (matched for age, sex, duration on CAPO, underlying disease and antihypertensive treatment) who did not receive EPO did not show an increase in MBP over time, and only 2 patients increased their antihypertensive medication. Our data suggest that higher Initial EPO doses may be accompanied by hypertension changes In CAPD patients. This may be prevented by a lower Initial dose and lower rates of increase of Hb and Hct. Our study shows that EPO treatment is effective in correcting anemia in uremic patients on CAPD. Increase of blood pressure during the treatment is frequent. It seems that higher initial EPO doses may be accompanied by increased hypertension in CAPD patients and that this may be prevented by a lower initial dose and lower rate of increase in hemoglobin and hematocrit.


Under inventory financing mode, port offers joint logistics and financial services to a capital-constrained cargo-owner whose cargos are taken as collaterals. Port takes financial risk while gaining profit from both traditional logistics and derived financial services. This paper adopts Mean-CVaR criterion to formulate objective function and derive the equilibrium loan-to-value ratio. The Mean-CVaR model proposed in this article depicts risk-aversion attitude and decision preference of port under the uncertainty of collateral's demand. The result shows that there is a positive relation between decision preference and loan-to-value ratio. The growth in risk aversion attitude prompts port to act cautiously by reducing the loan-to-value ratio.


【Objective】 This study was to investigate the effect of different levels of concentrate to forage ration on growth and meat quality in Holstein Young-Bull,and to privide evidence for bull Holstein fattening.【Method】 Nine 6-month male Chinese Hostein bulls with similar initial body weight were randomly divided into three groups(Dietary concentrate to forage ration was 4∶6,5∶5,6∶4 respectively) to conduct 3-month trial.At the end of the pilot test all bulls were slaughtered,with 2 kg of the longest dorsal muscle from each head packaging and sealed in clean fresh frozen bag.Samples of meat quality traits,moisture,crude ash,crude fat and crude protein content were determined.【Result】(1) Compared with groupⅠ,groupⅡ and groupⅢ had a significant difference in 9-month's body weight,total body weight gain and average daily gain(P0.05),increasing respectively by 13.40 kg and 17.00 kg,7.20 kg and 11.00 kg,0.07 kg and 0.10 kg higher.(2) Group Ⅲ was 0.34,1.68% lower than group Ⅰ in water loss rate and tenderness(P0.05),while 2.79%,0.66% higher in water holding capacity and CF(P0.05);Essential fatty acids and unsaturated fatty acid relative content of group Ⅲ were lower than that of groupⅡand groupⅠ(P0.05).【Conclusion】 It can promote the growth and development of Holstein Young-Bull and improve their meat quality traits when increasing the level of concentrate to forage ration.In view of nutrition,low concentrate group and moderate concentrate group will do better on bovine meat quality than the group with high concentrate.


The invention relates to the technical field of automobile lamps, in particular to a decoration piece of an automobile lamp and an automobile lamp device. The decoration piece comprises graphene and plastic, and therefore the cooling effect of the automobile lamp can be improved; and in other words, cooling of the decoration piece is accelerated by adding the graphene good in heat-conducting property, heat generated by an automobile lamp light source can be conveniently transmitted to a lamp shell and a lampshade, and it is avoided that because the interior of the automobile lamp is too hot, the service life of the automobile lamp is influenced.


ABSTRACT This article examines how Australian women broadcasters used radio to claim their own voices as experts on international affairs and encourage other women to become active world citizens in the 1930s. During a decade when the Great Depression limited the ability of many to travel, and the increasing calamity of the rise of fascism and the descent into World War II brought foreign affairs to the forefront of public debate, broadcasting became a key tool used by internationalist women to educate their female listeners about the world beyond Australia's shores. They also used the medium to encourage other women to become actively involved in international causes including feminism, peace activism and Zionism. Through their broadcasts, women such as Constance Duncan, Irene Greenwood and Ruby Rich demonstrated the value of radio as a tool for active citizenship and further opened up the public sphere to women's voices and opinions on social and political issues.


The problem of controlling traffic using connected automated vehicles is approached by utilizing Lagrangian traffic models. A continuum model with time delay is introduced in the Lagrangian frame in order to capture the open loop dynamics of the traffic behind a vehicle of prescribed motion. The stability of the open loop system is analyzed and compared to that of a benchmark car-following model. Finally, the Lagrangian traffic models are used to propose a longitudinal controller for connected automated vehicles that allows them to respond to connected vehicles behind to stabilize the upstream traffic in a closed loop fashion.


#Objective To investigate the effect of α-zearalenol on angiotensin II-induced β3 integrin mRNA expression in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). Methods The mRNA level in integrin β3 was determined by reverse transcription–polymerase chain reaction. Endothelial NF-κB activity was determined by the luciferase activity assay of plasmid NF-κB-LUC. Results The angiotensin II- induced β3 integrin mRNA expression was inhibited by α-zearalenol and 17β-estradiol (10 nmol/L -1 µmol/L), but not influenced by ICI 182, 780, a pure competitive antagonist for estrogen receptor or a nitric oxide inhibitor N ω -Nitro-L-arginine methyl ester hydrochloride. Alpha-zearalenol and 17β-estradiol suppressed the angiotensin II-induced activation of NF-κB in endothelial cells. Conclusion Alpha-zearalenol inhibits angiotensin II-induced integrin β3 mRNA expression by suppressing NF-κB activation in endothelial cells.


Scholars, philosophers, politicians, and citizens alike have been fascinated, since their first implementation in old Athens, with the conceptualisation of separation of powers principle, and the checks and balances mechanisms.

Through a case study of the US constitution, this essay analyzes how the separation of powers principle and checks and balances mechanisms, with regards to foreign policy, have been implemented and constitutionalised in the US constitution. Further, this analysis will look at the crucial role of the executive, legislative, and judiciary branches, and their cause and effect on the separation of powers principle, and the check and balance mechanisms within the framework of the US constitution.

Through the analysis of several cases, pertaining to foreign policy, brought before the U.S. Supreme Court a clear pattern has emerged showing that the judiciary has been deferent and on vague legal bases upheld the executive branches decisions. This has transpired for a long period of time and over a wide variety of cases. Only under recent years has it commenced to uphold its mandate of judicial review, thus defending the delicate balance of the constitution.


Several high-level programming languages for programming agents and robots have been proposed in recent years. Each of these languages has its own features and merits. It is still difficult, however, to compare different programming frameworks and evaluate the relative benefits and disadvantages of these frameworks. In this paper, we present a general method for comparing agent programming frameworks based on a notion of bisimulation, and use it to formally compare the languages ConGolog and 3APL.


A multi-layer heating type instantaneous fixing part using induction heat is provided to heat a fixing part quickly and stably by shielding induction heat irradiated from one side of an upper portion at one side of a lower portion with the fixing part interposed therebetween and having a ferrite core to upwardly reflect the induction heat. An upper fixing unit(100) includes an upper film(120) rotating while forming an endless track by means of rotation rollers(110). A lower fixing unit(200) includes a fixing part such that it interworks in surface-contact with a lower end surface of the upper film, and includes a lower film(220) rotating while forming an endless track by means of transfer rollers(210). An induction heating unit(300) is disposed at the fixing part where the upper and lower films surface-contact with each other and rotated, and seeks an instantaneous fixing. The upper and lower films are combined as basic metal layers, elastic layers and release layers are sequentially stacked from an inner starting point of the rotation roller or the transfer roller in the direction of an outer circumference.


Agricultural production is the main source of income and major employer in many countries in Africa, including Senegal. Commercial sweet corn (Zea mays L. ssp. saccharata) production in Senegal is increasing in response to global marketing opportunities and offers producers the ability to increase income and diversify the cropping base. Production of optimum sweet corn yield and quality depends on adequate nutrient supply, particularly, nitrogen (N). Current N recommendations are based on recommendations specific to corn for grain. This study aimed to identify tools to estimate sweet corn N status and determine the most appropriate fertilizer dosage for sweet corn. Non-destructive remote sensing tools and ion exchange resin membranes (IEMs) were used to evaluate the effect of fertilizer dose. No differences in ear yield or yield components, normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) values, biomass, N uptake or leaf N concentration due to fertilizer dose were detected at Ndiol. However, significant relationships existed between NDVI values and yield, biomass, and N uptake at the V9 growth stage. Only yield was affected by fertilizer dose at Sangalkam, and no consistent relationships were found between chlorophyll meter readings and others measured parameters. Treatment differences due to fertilizer dose for available NH4 + at V9 (Ndiol), and NO3 at V5 (Sangalkam) were found, however further research is needed to fully evaluate the usefulness of IEMs to measure available soil N. Based on these studies, sweet corn fertilizer rates should likely be based on 75% of the dose applied to field corn, however more work is needed to confirm this finding. Pearl millet (Pennisetum glaucum (L) R. Br.) is the most widely grown staple crop in Senegal. Introduction of drought tolerant millet genotypes has helped mitigate the effect of increased water shortage in the region, but little is known about the nutritional composition of these genotypes. Our objective was to compare millet grain nutritional composition among and between putative drought tolerant and drought sensitive pearl millet lines under drought stress and well-watered conditions. One field experiment was conducted in 2014 at the National Center for Agronomic Research (CNRA) of Bambey, Senegal (16°30' and 16° 28' N; 1544' and 1542' W). The experiment utilized a split-plot design with four replications. Water regime was the main plot experimental factor while genotype, a total of 20 was the sub-plot. Pearl millet genotypes were divided into three contrasting groups based on drought tolerance for comparisons. Water stress did not affect 100-grain weight, test weight, protein, soluble protein, starch, sugars, amino acids or vitamin B2 content of grains among VPD-groups. Accumulation of these constituents of pearl millet grain appear to be genetically controlled and are probably not affected by late drought stress. However, differences were noted among genotypes as the sensitive VPDgroup accumulated greater soluble protein, starch and soluble sugars (except sucrose) than the tolerant and medium VPD-groups. The tolerant VPD-group, however, accumulated greater protein and vitamin B2 content. Arginine, proline and serine content was greater in the sensitive VPD-group, while lysine, aspartic acid, and glutamic acid were greater in the tolerant VPD-group. Glycine, histidine, threonine, alanine, tyrosine, valine, methionine, leucine, isoleucine, and phenylalanine were relatively equal in tolerant and sensitive VPDgroups. Calcium and Na levels were affected by water stress in the sensitive VPD-group, but differently. Calcium content was greatest for the sensitive group under drought stress, while sodium was the lowest. Iron accumulation in sensitive VPD-group increased under water stress. Potassium decreased for all VPD-groups under stress, while across water regime, K levels in the drought-sensitive group were lower. Selection for drought appears to effect many of the nutritional constituents of pearl millet grain, however many of these differences appear to be directly related to parameters known to effect plant water relations. Pearl Millet Nutritional Quality and Fertilization of Sweet Corn in Senegal. Marieme Drame GENERAL AUDIENCE ABSTRACT The research reported in this thesis explores challenges and solutions in two different agriculture crops in Senegal. Commercial sweet corn (Zea mays L. ssp. saccharata) production can offer added diversity and income for smallholder farmers while changes in the nutritional composition of pearl millet (Pennisetum glaucum (L) R. Br.) due to selection for drought tolerance can directly impact household nutritional security. The specific objectives for the sweet corn study were to: (1) determine if differences in sweet corn nutritional status can be detected using non-destructive remote sensing (RS) tools such as the GreenSeeker® and SPAD meter; and (2) whether anion-and cationspecific resin membranes can be used to monitor soil N dynamics and relate this to sweet corn RS readings, plant biomass, plant N uptake, yield and quality when produced under different nutrient levels in Senegal. Overall, readings generated using the GreenSeeker® were correlated with sweet corn yield, leaf mass and N uptake during mid-vegetative growth. The objective of the pearl millet study was to compare grain nutritional composition among and between putative drought tolerant and drought sensitive pearl millet cultivars and lines. Drought sensitive genotypes produced more sugars, soluble protein, starch and some individual amino acids in grains, while drought tolerant varieties accumulated more protein, vitamin B2, and some individual amino acids. Grain nutrient content of pearl millet genotypes selected and identified as drought tolerant and drought sensitive are nutritionally


Objective To analyze the changes of chemical ingredients before and after compatibility of Aconiti Lateralis Radix Praeparata(ALRP) and Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma Praeparata cum Melle(GRRPM),and to explore the possible mechanism of toxicity attenuation of their compatibility.Methods The chemical ingredients in the decoction of ALRP and the decoction of compatibility of ALRP and GRRPM were comparatively researched by HPLC-MS.Single decoction of ALRP and compound decoction of compatibility of ALRP and GRRPM were prepared,and their HPLC-MS fingerprints were respectively established and determined by Q-TOF/MS under the same condition.Results Twenty ingredients and their structures were identified from single decoction of ALRP; 32 ingredients and their structures were indentified from the decoction of ALRP and GRRPM,among them 4 from GRRPM,28 from ALRP.And the alkaloid categories and contents of ALRP were significantly different before and after the compatibility with GRRPM.Conclusion The compatibility with GRRPM could change the alkaloid composition in ALRP,which provides the experimental evidences for the toxicity attenuation mechanism of compatibility of ALRP and GRRPM.


Background. Colorectal cancer is the most commonly diagnosed cancer among all malignant neoplasms. This disease is accompanied by the development of anemic syndrome (AS). This complication not only worsens the results of treatment and, as a result, reduces overall survival, but also reduces the quality of life of patients, reduces adherence to treatment.Aim. To study the expression of hepcidin 25 (HP25), prohepcidin (PROHP), ferritin (FR), interleukin 6 (IL-6) and metabolites of nitric oxide (NOx) in the peripheral blood of patients colorectal cancer, to assess their relationship with the clinical course of the disease and with AS.Materials and methods. The study was conducted in 41 patients with colorectal cancer and AS. The content of FR, PROHP, HP25, IL-6 was determined using enzyme immunoassay. The total content of NOx in blood serum was determined using the Griess reagent after the reduction of nitrate to nitrite with cadmium granules in the presence of zinc.Results. There are three types of AS. A characteristic feature of which was microcytosis (MCV – 74.3 ± 2.1 fl) and hypochromia (MHC – 22.9 ± 1.2 pg) of erythrocytes. Type 1 of AS – iron deficiency anemia (IDA), type 2 – anemia of chronic diseases (ACD) in combination with iron deficiency erythropoiesis and type 3 – ACD with functional iron deficiency (FID). True IDA was detected in 15 (36.6 %) patients, which was classically characterized by: low concentration of FR, PROGP, GP25, IL-6 and NOx. A less significant group (9 patients, 21.9 %) had a high concentration of FR and low PROHP, GP25, IL-6, NOx, which indicated iron deficiency against the background of ACD. It differed from the first group with IDA in a significant concentration of FR, which may indicate the transition of IDA to the chronic phase of AS. Third group (17 patients, 41.5 %) – with FID – turned out to be the most numerous and characterized by a high concentration of FR (386.7 ± 41.2 ng/ml), GP25 (43.2 ± 7.1 ng/ml), PROHP (283.3 ± 18.5 ng/ml), IL-6 (24.8 ± 5.5 pg/ml), NOx (39.7 ± 5.5 µmol/l), the values were significantly higher (p <0.001) than in patients with IDA and ACD with iron deficiency erythropoiesis.Conclusion. In patients with a widespread tumor process, AS with FID is most often detected. FID was accompanied by hyperproduction of FR, IL-6, GP25, PROGP and NOx. A close correlation was noted between the studied parameters with an increase in the T-stage of colorectal cancer. This may indicate the relationship of these proteins in the development of cytokine-induced anemia in cancer patients. The data obtained can be widely used to assess the state of metabolic disorders in anemia associated with malignant neoplasms for the differential diagnosis of AS variants and adequate treatment.


Today the analysis firm IDC released some surprising numbers about virtualization vendors market share: VMware: 44% (combining ESX and Server) Microsoft: ...


GoWell researchers surveyed just over 6,000 Glasgow householders in 2006 and 4,657 in 2008 to see how the early stages of these regeneration processes have affected people and places in neighbourhoods across the city. This report summarises findings to show how neighbourhoods have changed: focusing on residential outcomes, social and community outcomes, human capital and health outcomes.


The characteristics of the packing were studied for the existing problems of the high reciprocating pumps.The major fault cause of packing was found,choiced the prefect packing and designed the packing structure,the service life of the packing was obtained.


In various areas of Anglo-American law, legal liability turns on causation. In torts and contracts, we are each liable only for those harms we have caused by the actions that breach our legal duties. Such doctrines explicitly make causation an element of liability. In criminal law, sometimes the causal element for liability is equally explicit, as when a statute makes punishable any act that has "caused … abuse to the child…." More often, the causal element in criminal liability is more implicit, as when criminal statutes prohibit killings, maimings, rapings, burnings, etc. Such causally complex action verbs are correctly applied only to defendants who have caused death, caused disfigurement, caused penetration, caused fire damage, etc.


A substantial proportion of stroke cases were believed not to receive specialist attention. 'Hot pursuit' methods were therefore deemed necessary in order for the ascertainment process to be sufficiently sensitive [1, 2]. The study was designed to ascertain incident (first ever in a lifetime) strokes, prospectively, in residents of the Primorski district of the city of Varna and the rural obstinae (local districts) of Provadia and Dolen Chiflik, some 30 to 70 Km to the southwest of the city. Approximately 45% of the populations of the rural districts live in the two towns after which the districts are named, and these towns are both classified as 'urban' by the statistical authorities. After a 3 month trial period, we sought to identify all first in lifetime strokes with dates of Populations at risk were defined as persons aged 35 or more with an eligible address in the 'current address' field of the computerised population registers maintained and continuously updated by the municipal office for residential registration. The 10 digit personal identification number included in the registers, incorporates date of birth and sex, allowing easy calculation of the numbers of persons at risk at the study midpoint (taken as November, 2000). In the more restricted age range used for external comparisons that we report here – ages 45 to 84 — there were 37791 in the designated urban population and 18656 in the designated rural population. Designated sources of notification for suspected eligible strokes included: the centres which processed emergency calls to the Ambulance and Emergency Services (in Varna, Dolen Chiflik and Provadia), the Varna District Hospital emergency room, duty doctors and nurses in the in-patient neurological units in the area (four urban and


Acute hypotension is an extremely common condition seen in a wide variety of patients and is defined as a condition in which the blood pressure is decreased to a point that is inadequate for normal tissue perfusion and oxygenation.1 Hypotension may be a sign of shock or may progress to a shock state


In this paper, we compute holographic Euclidean thermal correlators of the stress tensor and $U(1)$ current from the AdS planar black hole. To this end, we set up perturbative boundary value problems for Einstein's gravity and Maxwell theory in the spirit of Gubser-Klebanov-Polyakov-Witten, with appropriate gauge fixing and regularity boundary conditions at the horizon of the black hole. The linearized Einstein equation and Maxwell equation in the black hole background are related to the Heun equation of degenerate local monodromy. Leveraging the connection relation of local solutions of the Heun equation, we partly solve the boundary value problem and obtain exact two-point thermal correlators for $U(1)$ current and stress tensor in the scalar and shear channels.


X-ray-emission (XES), x-ray-excited photoelectron (XPS), and ultraviolet-excited photoelectron spectra of YBa{sub 2}Cu{sub 3}O{sub 7{minus}{delta}} have been measured and arranged on a common binding-energy scale by XPS core lines. Three main valence-band (VB) structures at 2.7, 3.7, and 4.8 eV relative to the Fermi level ({ital E}{sub {ital F}}=0) could be identified representing hybridized Cu 3{ital d}/4{ital p}--O 2{ital p} states. The VB XES and photoelectron spectra are strongly influenced by correlation and charge-transfer effects and hence reproduce the density of states (DOS) of excited multiple-hole states but not the one-hole ground-state DOS. These processes are responsible for the observed differences between high-energy spectroscopic results and one-electron theory. From the XES compared with calculations we estimate a local partial correlation shift'' of the theoretical Fermi level ({Delta}{ital E}{sub {ital F}}s/r{sup {ital c}{ital o}{ital r}{ital r}}) in the energy range 0.6--1.6 eV. Charge transfer and screening processes contribute to the x-ray transitions of the selective-type Cu 2{ital pd}{sup 10}{ital L}{r arrow}{ital d}{sup 9}{ital L} and O 1{ital sp}{sup 6}Cu 3{ital d}{sup 9}{r arrow}{ital d}{sup 9}{ital L} owing to Cu {ital L}{alpha} and O {ital K}{alpha}, respectively. With the mechanism of charge transfer and band shift acting in highly correlated electron systems, suchmore » as high-temperature superconducting compounds, a possible explanation for the unusually low DOS at {ital E}{sub {ital F}} in excitation spectra is given.« less


In analyzing the present condition of the spacecraft assembling management, this paper presents the design of the JIT system, where the instruction card and the material card are combined in the MRP mode, the B/S mode and the C/S mode are combined, using the standard J2EE construction and the Oracle 9i data platform. The Assembling Management Platform is constructed with four levels, and the system framework is composed of seven modules. With the system, the information of planning, technology, production, management in the assembling work can be jointly accessed, which greatly improves the efficiency.


The development of a sensitive, depth-tuneable probe, with mapping capability, for low-energy ion implantation dosimetry, is described. The technique is based on the dependence of the extent of Doppler broadening of the positron annihilation linewidth upon the concentration of open-volume defects produced by the implanted ions. By varying the incident positron energy one can ensure that most of the annihilation events occur near the damage peak. A series of diagnostic measurements have been performed which demonstrate that the positron response lies on an almost universal curve, independent of ion mass and energy. The probe is highly sensitive, with a dose threshold in the 10−9 cm−2 range for many implants, and has the potential to measure dose/dose uniformity to better than 1×1011 cm−2 in the 1011−1012 cm−2 range in run times of a few seconds. Considerations underlying the development of a practical instrument based on these findings are discussed.


Directing branding towards an international landscape allows non-governmental organizations (NGOs) to expand to new scenes and reach larger audiences. This can open doors potentially leading to an increase in growth and impact, through collaboration with international organizations and increased fundraising outreach. Understanding how to effectively direct branding internationally is relevant for the Chinese NGO sector of today, because it brings Chinese NGOs closer to international stakeholders and increases their reach. This has a positive effect on Chinese NGOs in terms of increasing their capacity and accountability. The present article aims to contribute to building the capacities of Chinese NGOs in international branding. Through qualitative interviews with key informants of NGOs in China, quantitative observations of online activity of NGOs on international social media platforms, and desk research on the topic, this article identifies best practices of international branding for NGOs in China in terms of internal brand identity, external brand identity and brand performance.


Examples of computer processing images of interference patterns (Newton rings) obtained by digital video camera are considered. The sequence of computer processing of the obtained images of interference patterns is described and the possibility of comparing them with a theoretical model of the intensity distribution, for which an interpolation formula is proposed, is shown. To compare the distributions, a software product was developed, a series of so-called «sliders», each of which changes one of the parameters of the interpolation formula. By changing the position of the «sliders», it is possible to approximate the parameters of the theoretical model to the distribution of the radiation intensity in a real interference pattern. Computer processing of images obtained by a digital video camera can be used in subsequent courses in the study of special disciplines, when performing research work, in processing measurement results and constructing models of physical phenomena.


Summary: After primary Bankart repair, recurrent shoulder instability occurs in up to 20% of the patients. Untreated bone defects, such as Hill Sachs lesions, may play an important role in the etiology of postoperative recurrence, especially when large and engaging defects are present. Remplissage (infraspinatus tenodesis and posterior capsulodesis) is an arthroscopic technique that "fills" the Hill Sachs defect, preventing its engagement on the glenoid, and thereby decreasing the possibility of postoperative subluxation or dislocation. Objective: We present an arthroscopic all intraarticular technique for the treatment of Hill Sachs defects in patients with anterior shoulder instability. Conclusion: The all intraarticular Remplissage technique is a reproducible procedure for the treatment of large engaging Hill Sachs defects in patients with anterior shoulder instability. The surgery is followed by a standard Bankart repair rehabilitation protocol. No further decrease in shoulder range of motion has been observed after this procedure.


Texas AandM University has been designated as Science Operator for a new National Science Foundation sponsored program of scientific ocean drilling - the Ocean Drilling Program. The responsibilities of the Science Operator include implementing the science plans under the guidance of the Joint Oceanographic Institutions for Deep Earth Sampling, providing logistical and technical support for a shipboard science team, managing post-cruise activities, the long term curation and distribution of core samples, and coordinating, editing and publication of the final research product. The scientific programs will be carried out with the drilling vessel SEDCO/BP 471, a dynamically positioned drillship capable of deploying 30,000 ft. of drill string and operating with a riser in 6000 ft. of water. The primary scientific objectives of the Ocean Drilling Program will be in studying the origin and evolution of the oceanic crust, the tectonic evolution of continental margins, the origin and evolution of marine sedimentary sequences, studies of long term changes in the atmosphere, oceans, cryosphere, biosphere and magnetic field and development of new tools and technology for deep ocean exploration and drilling.


''Ukrainian question'' formed in the Russian social thought of the 19th century as derived from the ''Polish question'' and originally accented fighting Polonism in the Western Territory. Western suburbs were the focus of the Russian social thought. In the 1850s-1860s, of course, the Polish problem was dominating. It was perceived as a confrontation between two mutually exclusive national projects. At the end of the 1860s the Little Russian question separated from the Polish question. Prior to that, Little Russians were regarded only as objects to combat Polonism. Initially even the Slavophiles welcomed the work of the Little Russian intelligentsia on the development of traditional culture and language seeing them as allies in the confrontation with the Poles. But as soon as the claim for recognition of independence of the Little Russian ethnicity, not derived from the Great Russian but equal to it, the Slavophiles' and the Imperials' attitude to the Little Russian intelligentsia became hostile. They were not ready to perceive Ukrainians as a nation formed separately from Russians perceiving this idea as the work of the Poles and Germans who wanted to split a single Russian nationality. In the 19th century nationalist literature established a view on the fate of the indigenous western suburbs of the Russian Empire that were stable and universal both for the Slavophiles and for the Imperials. In this aspect, the Slavophiles and the Imperials thought alike. These lands were considered not only as a part of the Russian state, but also as part of the historical area of residence of the Russian nationality. Little Russians were perceived as a part of the Russian people, and for them Russification meant a return to the historical roots, i.e. rejection of national languages in favor of Russian, return to Orthodoxy (for Catholics and Uniates). Liberal journalism, as well as the Slavophiles, saw the problem of Russification of the Western and Southwestern region as a confrontation with Polonism. But liberals thought it was not right to produce a simple replacement of the Polish language and culture with the Great Russian. They develop an understanding of self-sufficiency of the Little Russian ethnicity which was considered a branch of an all-Russian people tantamount to the Great Russians. At the same time Russian liberals were not ready to talk about any political autonomy of Ruthenia. Populist reformers were close to the liberal discourse in addressing the challenges of the western suburbs of the Russian Empire. At the same time they placed an increased emphasis on the socio-economic aspects, suggesting to smooth National Resistance in the development of capitalism, with its supranational universal values. In addition, they drew more attention to the formation of their own national interests of the peoples of the Western Region which had to be taken into account in the national policy of the state.


As Professor Carter has already told you, it was only a few weeks ago, actually a few days ago, really, that I finally agreed to come to talk to you, so that I'm sure you will not expect an academic discourse from me. I have already tried to tell Professor McKay that I'm not an academician like he is. He asked me if I was going to read a paper before you, and I said, "No, far from it, I will not read a paper; I will read from a paper, but those will be only very cursory notes." I recognize that I'm speaking to a group of experts on African affairs, and I myself am far from being an expert on African affairs. I'm only an African. I also recognize that as experts you come from various strongholds of learning in this country, and you may be quite prepared to weigh me in the balance. If you do so, I only want to remind you that we're meeting in Washington and that I have some very powerful supporters here because Washington is Harvard territory, and I come from Harvard! Africa for the last few years has gradually come closer and closer to the center of attraction for people who are interested in the world as a whole. It is because of this process of looking in on Africa that we have increasingly the kind of academic interest in the continent which has led to the rapid development of departments of African affairs and special projects of African studies in your universities and colleges, which has led to the excellent programs such as Dr. Jim Robinson's Operations Crossroads (most useful to us in Africa), which has led to President Kennedy's Peace Corps taking such deep roots so quickly on the African continent, which has led to an increasing amount of space in the journals and news media, of not only this country but of other western countries which deal with Africa. And this looking in on Africa is something which we as Africans of course are delighted about, because for a long time we have felt that we have been the forgotten continent.


We demonstrate experimentally the operation of a linear cavity dualwavelength fiber laser using a polarization maintaining fiber Bragg grating (PMFB G) as an end mirror that defines two closely spaced laser emission lines. The PMFBG is also used to tune the laser wavelengths. The total tuning range is ~8 nm. The laser operates in a stable dualwavelength mode for an appropriate adjustment of the cavity losses for the generated wavelengths. The high birefringence (HiBi) fiber optical loop mirror (FOLM) is used as a tunable spectral filter to adjust the losses. The FOLM adjustment was performed by the temperature control of the HiBi fiber.


:Present economic realities, especially the overwhelming
influence of 'market' on every aspect of human existence, has brought about a change in the traditional R&D-philosophy of remaining alooffrom 'business' activities. Now marketing the products of R&D to earn money is considered an essential aspect of R&D activity. Measurement, analysis and management of customer satisfaction,essential for success in business, have been recognised as equally important for success in R&D also- Customer Feedback plays a very significant role in success of marketing technologies developed by R&D organisations. The feedback not only indicates the level of customer
satisfaction, it can also reveal focus areas needing special attention.The paper briefly discusses the factors influencing customer's satisfaction and loyalty, and the various sources of customer feedback. Further, citing examples from a case-study, an approach has been
suggested for measurement and analysis of customer satisfaction,based on customer feedback. At the end, the paper discusses the steps taken so far to obtain meaningful customer feedback through the CSIR's
Customer Satisfaction Evaluation (CSE) programme, at NML, and some analysis of the feedback received. The paper also discusses common problems faced in obtaining useful customer feedback.


We designed a comprehensive experiment in principles of cheminstry engineering,which combined ethanol fermentation with uncooked paddy with distillation.The experiment comprises multi-step synthesis,more operations and unexpected results.It is benefits for students to inspire learning interest and to train comprehensive practice abilities and creative consciousness.


Spiritual necessity is a necessity to defend or return confidence and fulfil religion duty, with need to get sorry or forgiveness, love, braid taste full connection believes with god. (Achiryani, 1999). Spiritual need is relation with God, relation with self, and relation with people. This research aims is to detect about description of spiritual necessity reviewed from spiritual characteristic in patient at stay overnight room of class 3 and 4 of adult of RSI Aisyiyah malang. Teknik sampel yang digunakan menggunakan Total Sampling.This kind of research is descriptive with variable of spiritual necessity in patient reviewed from spiritual characteristic. Sample is using in the research all patient at stay overnight room of class 3 and 4 of adult of RSI Aisyiyah malang 19 people. Sample Tekcnique using total. Research result a part respondent from research result, as a whole need spiritual in patient is reviewed from characteristics spiritual a large part (68,421 %) respondents very either partly, little (21,053 %) good respondents, slimmest (5,263 %) respondents enough and slimmest also (5,263 %) respondents less. This matter is at because, when is ill, a patient want a lot of that good support from within self so much, another person, also from confidence have a religion it. Hoped, patient more to increase positive spirituality so will be to build positive self concept in the care.


The research aims at finding out the learning strategies used by the 7th year students of MTS ASSALAAM SURAKARTA to develop writing skill. The subjects of this research are three students chosen based on the score of the English subject. The methods of collecting the data are interview, observation and documentation. The result of this research shows that the three subjects use almost all the learning strategies proposed by O'Malley and Chamot. However their action and attention in learning are different. S1 uses thirteen strategies which consist of 6 in metacognitive strategy; advance organizers, directed attention, functional
planning, self management, self monitoring and self evaluation, 5 in cognitive strategy; repetition, resourcing, deduction, translation and inferencing, and 2 in
social/ affective strategy, namely question and clarification. S2 uses ten strategies which consist of 4 metacognitive strategies; advance organizers, directed
attention, selective attention, and self management, 4 in cognitive strategy resourcing, repetition, translation, and inference, 2 in social/affective strategy, namely question and clarification. And S3 uses 6 strategies which consist of 3 metacognitive strategy; directed attention, selective attention, and self-management, 1 in cognitive strategy that is note taking and 2 in social/affective strategy, namely question and clarification. Of the three subjects, S1, the student who has the best mark in English writing uses the highest number of learning strategies proposed by Chamot. She is more successful than others, (2) the final test results of students' English writing show that S1 can produce more complex English writing than S2 and S3. Most of
the mistakes are on the grammar. Most of the mistakes of S2's writing are on the grammar and vocabulary. Most of the mistakes of S3's writing are on the idea, vocabulary, and the grammar.


Combined with concrete pavement reconstruction engineering of Ji'an Section in No.105 national highway,this paper analyzes the principle and characteristic of each detection method based on FWD after actual deflection of slab and compares the quantity of hollow slab by grouting amount.The result shows that intercept method has relatively better effect.Through test on three severely hollow sections,bottom grouting has better effect in cavity treatment.


Providing a portable communication device and a method for identifying charged by a charging cable. When connected via the connector of the portable communication device to the external charging device when charging of the portable communication device power supply through a positive data line of the connector and the negative data line receives a configuration signal from the external charging device, and configure the signal output according to the received logic characteristic value, according to the charging cable is identified by a logical value of the operating characteristics of the switching on / off state of the current characteristic analysis connection resistance of the circuit, and performs a control operation, thereby charging by a corresponding charging cable from an external apparatus Charging batteries.


Abstract Religious faith and its role in development policy and practice has received much attention in recent years. However, there is relatively limited knowledge of how Christian faith is manifested in the day-to-day administration of non-governmental organisations (NGOs) and how that shapes their relationships with intended beneficiaries in a Muslim-dominated community. This article addresses the knowledge gap by examining how the Christian identity of World Vision Ghana (WVG) and the 'religious lifeworlds' of employees and the extent to which these shape their development interventions in Northern Ghana. Using a qualitative research approach, we found that religious faith and beliefs play a key role in WVG employees' daily administrative activities and field operations, with the employees often perceiving development as a religious act. We argue that in an attempt to promote 'holistic development', WVG employees draw on lifestyle evangelism and community structures to promote their Christian values in a multi-faith environment with Muslim dominance. In doing so, we show how the religious configuration of Muslim-dominated communities creates challenges for Christian NGOs in their attempt to promote holistic development. The implications of the research findings are discussed.


Serial transnational World Heritage nominations are challenging the way cultural heritage has been managed and evaluated in the past. Serial transnational World Heritage nominations are unique in that they consist of multiple sites listed as one property, distributed in different countries, involving a large diversity of stakeholders in the process. As a result, there is a need for precise baseline information for monitoring, reporting and decision making. This type of nomination requires different methodologies and tools to improve the monitoring cycle from the beginning of the nomination towards the periodic reporting. The case study of the Silk Roads Cultural Heritage Resource Information System (CHRIS) illustrates the use of a Geographical Content Management System (Geo-CMS) supporting the serial transnational World Heritage nomination and the monitoring of the Silk Roads in the five Central Asian countries. The Silk Roads CHRIS is an initiative supported by UNESCO World Heritage Centre (WHC) and the Belgian Federal Science Policy Office (BELSPO), and developed by a consortium headed by the Raymond Lemaire International Centre for Conservation (RLICC) at the KULeuven. The Silk Roads CHRIS has been successfully assisting in the preparation of the nomination dossiers of the Republics of Kazakhstan, Tajikistan and Uzbekistan and will be used as a tool for monitoring tool in the Central Asian countries.


We report a measurement of the xF and PTΛ0 polarization dependence; Λ0's were produced in the specific channels: pp→pΛ0K+π+π−, pp→pΛ0K+π+π−π+π−, pp→pΛ0K+π+π−π+π−π+π−, and pp→pΛ0K+π+π−π+π−π+π−π+π− with 27.5 GeV/c protons incident on a liquid hydrogen target. We find that Λ0 polarization is independent of the final state.


The annual conference and scientific meeting of the Nutrition Society of New Zealand took place in Napier, New Zealand from 28–29 November 2019. [...]


It is a recent observation that entanglement classification for qubits is closely related to local SL(2,C)-invariants including the invariance under qubit permutations [Dur, et al., Phys. Rev. A 62, 062314 (2000); Osterloh, A. and Siewert, J., Phys. Rev. A 72, 012337 (2005); O. Chterental and D. Ž. Ðokovic, Linear Algebra Research Advances (Nova Science, Hauppauge, N.Y., 2007), Chap. 4, p. 133], which has been termed SL∗ invariance. In order to single out the SL∗ invariants, we analyze the SL(2,C)-invariants of four (five) qubits and decompose them into irreducible modules for the symmetric group S4 (S5) of qubit permutations. A classifying set of measures of genuine multipartite entanglement is given by the ideal of the algebra of SL∗-invariants vanishing on arbitrary product states. We find that low degree homogeneous components of this ideal can be constructed in full by using the approach introduced by Osterloh and Siewert [Phys. Rev. A 72, 012337 (2005); Int. J. Quant. Inf. 4, 531 (2006)]. Our analys...


Since the Third Plenary Session of the Eleventh CPC Central Committee,the leading body of CPC Central Committee with DENG Xiaoping,JIANG Zeming and HU Jintao at the core,combines Marxism with China's socialist modernization drive and gradually develops Deng Xiaoping Theory,the Important Thought of "Three Represents" and Scientific Outlook on Development.the Party Guided by such above-mentioned theories,China's socialist modernization has gained stunning achievement;continues to enhance-its ability to harness socialist market economy and to build harmonious socialist society.The Party's governance capacity has been greatly enhanced.


Recent years has seen the rapid growth and scale of Counterfeit Pharmaceuticals in Nigeria irrespective of the Intellectual Property Right (IPR) standard provided by the World Trade Organisation-Trade Related aspect of Intellectual Property Right (WTO-TRIPS) Agreement. The effect of the WTO-TRIPS protection of Intellectual Property Rights creates the problem of access to medicine for developing countries. This has provoked counterfeit pharmaceutical activities worldwide and prevalently in Nigeria. The aim is to ascertain, by way of analytical framework the viability of the WTO-TRIPS agreement for addressing the scourge of counterfeit pharmaceuticals in Nigeria. The concept of counterfeit pharmaceuticals will be explored, and its parameters defined as a premise for testing the viability of the WTO-TRIPS and the Nigerian Counterfeit regulatory framework.


In novels by Sun Hui-fen,emotional memory is closely related with image creation,and the former is the source of the latter.In her novels,Sun Hui-fen tends to apply emotional memory to convey "touching situations",in which she is free to capture the beautiful scenes and people's subtle feelings.More often than not,the image in her novels is both the result of her aesthetic understanding to her emotional memory,and the aim of her spiritual pursuit.In the world of desire described in novels,her emotional memory is the reflection of that of the "rural people".Successful image is created on the basis of emotional memory,but goes beyond it.There exist multiple connotations in image creation of Sun Hui-fen's novels.


Objective: To evaluate morbidity early discharge after uncomplicated caesarean section. Patients and Methods: Prospective observational study conducted at the maternity of the Owendo UH from 1 March to 31 December 2016 either. All cases of uncomplicated caesarean section and having accepted this protocol were included. Informed information was provided to each patient on the type of anesthesia, analgesia, early feeding modalities and mobilization. We studied the frequency of Caesarean section, its indications, the surgical technique and the morbidity associated with early discharge. Results: 142 parturients were enrolled. Of these, 33.81% of Caesarean sections were programmed versus 66.19%. Spinal anesthesia was the most common type of anesthesia of 93%. The indications for Caesarean sections were the following, mandatory Caesarean sections 35.2%, Caesarean sections necessary 36.6%, and Caesarean sections of precautions 28.2%. The return of the transit was effective in the first 24 hours in 52.8% parturientes and 132 (92.9%) had a total mobility. The exit was systematic at D3 except complication. On the fifth day, 99.30% had a physical autonomy. We observed return in hospital for an abscess of walls. Conclusion: The practice of simple measures of postoperative rehabilitation allows a resumption of physical autonomy and allow early discharge from hospital. Pre-established protocols and informed information could change our practices. DOI: 10.29011/ OBOA-111. 100011 Citation: Sima Ole B, Obame R, Bang Ntamack J, Massi J, Nzogue Nguema P and coll (2017) Short Stay in Maternity after Delivery by Caesarean Section: Pilot Study Carried Out at The Maternity Hospital of the Owendo University Hospital (Gabon). Gynecol Obstet Open Acc: OBOA-111. DOI: 10.29011/ OBOA-111. 100011 2 Volume 2017; Issue 02


The paper presents a comparative analysis of power efficiency and speed for different solutions of driving inductive loads. The main application is a power stages in special CRT display systems, requiring high efficiency, low rise and fall times for the current (less than 1 ¿s for full scale current variation - 2 App). The paper analyzes a controlled (hybrid) main bridge topology, implemented both in Bipolar and MOS technologies for the final stages. The results for simulation of the theoretical and optimized circuits are presented.


The purpose of this article is to discuss the concepts of sex, gender and sexuality in adolescents' health, based on the fact that if sexism is a social construction it can be deconstructed. Gender studies have been utilized to argue against the biologic determinism concept of masculine dominance and consequently to plan new intervention propositions. Adolescence is a life stage that clearly exemplifies and amplifies the health risks promoted by a gender system that attributes more power to men. Healthcare professionals should analyze these concepts so to obtain a better outcome in their preventive and curing actions.


High-quality GaN epitaxial layers with a multiple-pair buffer layer have been grown on sapphire substrates in a separate-flow reactor by metalorganic chemical vapor deposition. Each pair of buffer layer consists of a 300 A thick GaN nucleation layer grown at a low temperature of 525 °C and a 1–4 μm thick GaN epitaxial layer grown at a high temperature of 1000 °C. The GaN samples with a multiple-pair buffer layer are characterized by double-crystal x-ray diffraction (DC-XRD), Hall method and photoluminescence (PL) at 300 K, and etch-pit density measurements. The optimized condition to obtain the best quality of GaN epitaxial layers is to grow the four-pair buffer layer with a pair thickness of 4 μm. The GaN samples with the optimized buffer layer exhibit a narrow full width at half maximum (FWHM) of 150 arcsec and a strong intensity in DC-XRD, a high electron mobility of 450 cm2/V s, a low background concentration of 3×1017 cm−3, a low etch-pit density of mid-105 cm−2, and a narrow FWHM of 56 meV in PL spe...


We extend the BFSS matrix theory by means of Lie 3-algebra. The extended model possesses the same supersymmetry as the original BFSS matrix theory, and thus as the infinite momentum frame limit of M-theory. We study dynamics of the model by choosing the minimal Lie 3-algebra that includes u(N) algebra. We can solve a constraint in the minimal model and obtain two phases. In one phase, the model reduces to the original matrix model. In another phase, it reduces to a simple supersymmetric model.


Two‐dimensional (2D) heterostructures, typically integrating two or more different components with well‐defined interfaces, have shown great prospects in energy storage and conversion applications owing to their unique structural merits and synergistic interface effects. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the rational construction of 2D heterostructures pertaining to electrocatalytic water‐splitting applications. The unique emphasis is given to the state‐of‐the‐art progress on synthesized strategies of various well‐organized 2D heterostructures. Moreover, the review offers insights into 2D heterostructures in electrocatalytic water splitting from the viewpoint of the structure–activity relationship using progressive examples. Finally, this review concludes with the potential challenges and prospects in the field, which may provide a guideline for developing more efficient 2D heterostructures to incentivize commercial implementation in this exciting research field.


The article deals with the reinvigoration of the mechanism of negative socio-political mobilisation inside a society through defeating the 'other'. What is implied is the establishment of a personal or group identity that brushes off the image of an 'enemy' and inflames around it the neurotic crisis. This model of human interaction usually unleashes frustration and social resentment in a society towards the 'enemy'. A notable example of that is the mass rally against racism, embodied in street riots and incidents with demolition of monuments to former slaveholders and colonisers of the US and Europe. The COVID-19 pandemic and the ensuing economic crisis have accelerated this common syndrome of destruction.
The author believes that it is wrong to reduce the whole phenomenon of social protests to certain barbarous acts. In reality, we are witnessing a true revision of the historical past and reinterpretation of the mechanism of socio-cultural integration in both American society and the whole system of Western liberalism. History proves that every crime against humanity will inevitably lead to sincere repentance – or redemption and serious retribution.
The COVID-19 pandemic and the economic crisis have affected Ukraine, sophisticating the repercussions of the Russian aggression that has lasted for five years. In the meantime, the aggressor has not taken any steps to recognise the fact of aggression. In the information field of the Russian Federation, Ukraine is seen as one of the major 'enemies' vindicating the Kremlin's aggressive great-power policy.
Given the aforementioned, the article is dedicated to analysing whether there is any possibility for these two nations to come to an understanding and refuse from the ideologeme of an 'enemy' in the process of building up their national identities.
Keywords: national identity, socio-cultural integration, racism, economic crisis, social protests.


Tobacco production poses serious dangers to tobacco farmers especially in developing countries. Previous studies have shown that tobacco production activities continue to expose tobacco farmers to health risk. This study examines sources of health hazard information that tobacco farmers in Kuria West Sub- County of Migori County, Kenya access and use in an effort to protect themselves. The data was collected from a sample size of 100 tobacco farmers and 41 key informants. A representative sample was chosen from the four selected wards of Kuria West Sub-County. Software Packages for Social Sciences (SPSS) was used to analyse data. A major finding was that majority of tobacco farmers used various sources of information whose adequacy about potential risks associated with the crop farming remained a challenge. The paper concludes that, the sources of information that tobacco farmers relied on are unreliable and not trustworthy. The study recommends the establishment of Non- partisan organisations to train and disseminate relevant information on health hazards to tobacco farmers.


It might be said that good work ethics are inherent and therefore only possible in highly socialized societies such as the Japanese society and that societies such as those in Southern Africa which have gone through severe de-stabilizing experiences in their history are not capable of engendering and cultivating good work ethics among their work force. Granted, highly socialized societies start from a step ahead of others because they are already oriented towards such a goal. Societies such as those in the post – colonial world start from a position where they must de-construct, unlearn, undo, and pull down the walls of resistance against good work ethics within themselves to good work ethics brought about by their experience over the years.


The main focus of this work is to present an additional perspective to the studies of the activities related to the production, distribution and use of energy in Brazil, especially with the efforts in the area of agroenergy. This article begins by showing the importance of energy to human's comfort and survival, then proceeds to discussing the importance of sugar-cane (Saccharum spp.)'s history in the economical, social and cultural formation of the Brazilian Nation. Although Saccharum spp. has a long historical connection with the country, the same cannot be said about the alternatives for biodiesel's composition until the present moment. The documentation method was employed in the historical treatment of the energy issue in Brazil. As Sociology treats the questions related to interrelationships between the technization processes and the processes of larger duration in the area of biofuels, it presents itself as an additional source for the comprehension of this important reality. The methodological-theoretical perspectives of sociology are grouped in two paths: one denominated Sociologia da Agroenergia: uma abordagem necessária1 Ivan Sergio Freire de Sousa2 1 Original recebido em 8/11/2009 e aprovado em 10/12/2009. 2 Sociólogo, Ph. D. pela The Ohio State University (OSU), pesquisador da Embrapa. E-mail: email@example.com


This brief studies an energy management (EM) problem with unknown dynamics of consumer appliances. A two-level optimization model is established between the utility company and the consumers. In this model, the utility company maximizes its profit by setting the electricity price, and the consumers respond to the price by regulating power usage to minimize their costs. The aforementioned process is performed in multiple stages. In each stage, the consumer response is formulated as a constrained optimization problem, which can be transformed into an unconstrained optimization problem using the penalty function method, and then an extremum seeking control (ESC) algorithm is developed to search for the quasi-optimal power consumption of the consumers. The ESC algorithm has noncontinuous first and second derivatives with respect to the variables. We propose an approximation method to make the ESC algorithm continuous and prove that the algorithm is semiglobally practically asymptotically (SPA) stable. After the consumer response in the same stage, the utility company updates the electricity price by the particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm. Then, we give an EM algorithm that integrates the ESC with PSO. In simulations, the algorithm is applied to achieve EM of heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) systems, and the results show that the algorithm can converge to a neighborhood of the optimal solution and reduce the peak load and daily load.


The diagnosis and early management of hearing loss in infancy requires a team approach that involves the audiologist, otolaryngologist, habilitation specialists, the pediatrician or family physician, and the active participation of parents and other family members. The program described in this chapter is based in an academic medical center where a team of pediatric audiologists, otolaryngologists, and habilitation specialists is currently following approximately 1000 young children with hearing aids and cochlear implants, including over 100 infants fitted with amplification under the age of six months. This chapter will focus primarily on the initial fitting of hearing aids in young infants identified through newborn hearing screening. Practical issues will be examined along with the many challenges that arise in serving this population.


In recent years classical nondestructive testing techniques for detecting macroscopic defects have been augmented by more sophisticated nondestructive evaluation methods for characterizing the microstructure and associated physical and chemical properties of materials. This paper will briefly describe several such nondestructive evaluation methods developed in the Center for Nondestructive Evaluation (CNDE) at The Johns Hopkins University.


This article is a revision or recapitulation of the articles published in Fontes on onomastics. In order to do this, I have tried to classify the different articles in accordance with the subject they analyse and, as a result, I first speak of those articles devoted to place names, these being the greatest in number. I then make some comments on works dealing with oiconymy. Thirdly, I deal with articles on anthroponymy. I then look at the two studies on theonymy before finally briefly analysing reviews of onomastics published in


Travel has become an important part in our daily lives,but making travel plans is not easy. Location Based Social Networks( LBSN) provides a large amount of information about location and activity,which is useful for location search and recommendation. This paper proposes a LBSN-based personalized travel package recommendation system to help users make travel plans. We generate location profile and user preference model based on the collected LBSN data. Then we produce travel routes under spatio-temporal constraints and recommend the travel packages. The travel package contains travel destinations and visiting order of these destinations.


Tiffany A. Wills: Effects of Repeated Ethanol Withdrawals and Stress/Withdrawal Paradigms in Adolescent Rats (Under the Direction of Dr. George R. Breese) Adolescence is a period of development that is marked with increased vulnerability to the use and abuse of alcohol. Many studies have illustrated that adolescents respond to ethanol in ways that are distinct from adults. The adult literature has established the importance of understating the negative affect (i.e anxiety) produced from alcohol withdrawal and how the cyclic nature of ethanol exposure can modulate its development. Initial studies showed that adolescent and adult rats seem to display similar withdrawalrelated behaviors (anxiety and seizure thresholds) following repeated withdrawals once corrections were made for differences in ethanol intake. This anxiety-like behavior was shown to be sensitized by repeated ethanol withdrawals in adolescent rats, as was previously demonstrated in adult rats. However, this anxiety-like behavior in adolescent rats was much longer lasting than in adult rats. Additional work was conducted to determine the role of stress in the development of this anxiety-like behavior. Stress was shown to substitute for these early withdrawals and sensitize anxiety-like behavior in adolescent rats. In contrast to the effects of repeated withdrawals, the anxiety-like behavior of this stress/withdrawal paradigm was not long lasting. The reduced effect of stress in adolescents was also produced when assessing acute stress. A common mechanism between for both stress and ethanol actions may be related to corticotrophin releasing factor (CRF). Dose-response studies illustrated that CRF could substitute for


A method for forming the acrylate polymer is described by using the emulsion polymerization technique. Acrylate polymer obtained shows the properties that enable the replacement of an acrylic polymer formed by the solvent system used and the polymerization method of the adhesive. In addition, a variety of polymers and adhesive to use such polymers is described.


OBJECTIVE To establish a kind of detection technique of nucleic acid based on surface plasmon resonance(SPR) and to set up the foundation of real time,online space microbial detection.METHODS A portable on line biomolecules analyzer based on SPR biosensor was applied.The probe was biotin-modified at the 5′end and immobilized on the sensor surface.Then the target sequences in the solution were monitored and senstivity,specificity and reproducibility of the method were investigated.RESULTS The results showed that detection method with good specificity and sensitivity could realize on line detection of target sequence.The system could detect 4×102 CFU/ml target sequence.CONCLUSION The established nucleic acid detection method has the advantages of high sensitivity,good specificity and reproducibility,which can be applied in the field of nucleic acid detection.


Colleges and universities are the most concentrated places of scientific and technological achievements in a country, and they are also the main body of scientific and technological innovation. It is an important step in the transfer and transformation of scientific and technological achievements to effectively "transform" University patents. This paper studies the influence of technological diversity on University Patent Transformation from the perspective of technological attribute of patent itself, and considers the two kinds of knowledge flow formed in the process of patent transformation, and explores the countermeasures to enhance university patent transformation from the perspective of technology demand of enterprises, so as to provide reference for the development of University Patent Transformation and the construction of "industry university research and application" collaborative innovation system. Keywords— Technology diversity, Patent transformation, Technology transfer center.


The Development of computer technology area, digital camera, video camera, web, etc have raced the addition sum up the image data. It is big stimulated attention hit the problem of management and intake from one of the multimedia data. The Approach used occasionally, that is giving name of file multimedia according to the content. But, the way of this is not described multimedia file. The Method used is Image Indexing and Retrieval using keywords. Mostly consumer of system retrieval prefer the query pursuant to keywords. Therefore, image retrieval which can look for the content as according to consumer desire very needed. Meanwhile for the saving of file into database used Mysql for saving the data image with keywords.


With all the information available on Somali piracy and the sheer number of captures in and around the Gulf of Aden, it seems unthinkable that shipowners would send out a vessel without appropriate counter-measures, or indeed a properly trained crew. However, a brief look at recent decisions and contractual limitations suggests that there is little incentive to implement what the UN et al recommend as 'best practice' whilst sailing through the transit corridor.


The [Cu3(BTC)2] MOF (BTC = 1,3,5benzenetricarboxylate), also known as HKUST-1 (or MOF199), is one of the most cited metal-organic framework because it has a large surface area, high pore volume, high chemical stability and also the ability to bind water, among other molecules, by coordinating to the unsaturated Cu(II) sites. In this study we propose two strategies for retention of urea and caffeine in copper metal organic framework (Cu3(BTC)2). The first one correspond in-situ encapsulation where urea and caffeine are added to copper MOF synthesis precursors and the porous structure is formed around the urea or caffeine molecules. The second one corresponds to post-synthesis encapsulation. Indeed, MOF is obtained by conventional synthesis and activated at 100 °C during 12 h. Finally, urea or caffeine was incorporated into MOF structure by contact solution. Materials were characterized by XDR, FTIR and UV-Vis, to compare both encapsulation methods and identifying the physicochemical properties of MOFs. The results shown in-situ encapsulation of urea and caffeine in Cu3(BTC)2 produced a guest loading of 25 % and 38 %, respectively. Whereas, post-synthesis method had a guest loading of 30 % and 52 % for urea and caffeine, respectively. All synthesized materials correspond to cubic Cu3(BTC)2 structure with different red parameters.


The stability of gaseous masses with respect to radial as well as non-radial oscillations is considered in the framework of the post-Newtonian equations of hydrodynamics The onset of dynamical instability at a radius R determined by a formula of the type
R=2GM/c 2 K/γ-4/3
(where K is a constant) is confirmed in case the "ratio of the specific heats" γ = (a log P/ia log p). (where the subscript s denotes that the derivative is with respect to constant entropy) is a constant. An expression for K is derived which does not involve any knowledge of the equilibrium configuration beyond the Newtonian framework; and the values of K appropriate to the poly tropes are also listed. With respect to the onset of instability for non-radial oscillations, it is shown that the classical criterion of Schwarzschild based on the discriminant
S(r)=dp/dr-γp/ρdρ/dr

is replaced by one based on the discriminant

C(r) = S(r) + π/c 2 dp/dr (Γ-γ+1/Γ-1 dΓ/dr/dρ/ρdr),

where π is the internal energy (per unit volume) and Γ is a ratio defined by the relation ρπ = p/(Γ - 1). An alternative form for C(r), namely,

C(r) = S(r) [1+π/c 2 Γ 3 -Γ/Γ 3 -1 d(log p)/dr/d(log ρ)/dr],

where r3 = 1 + (a log Tla log p)s, shows that the condition for the occurrence of convective instability is unaltered in the post-Newtonian approximation.


Clofibrate which lowers blood triglycerides has been found to be an affective anti Walker 256 carcinoma agent and when combined with hydrazine sulfate therapy the inhibition of growth of malignant Walker 256 carcinoma is outstanding.


An embodiment of the present invention relates to a method for performing spectrum sensing to detect a signal for a terminal of a primary user in each sensing node. The method for performing sensing may comprise the steps of: performing, by the sensing node, spectrum sensing to detect a signal for a terminal of a primary user; computing, by the sensing node, a local test statistic on the basis of the result of the spectrum sensing; calculating, by the sensing node, the transmission probability on the basis of the computed local test statistic; and transmitting, by the sensing node, sensing information to a convergence center on the basis of the calculated transmission probability. In this case, the convergence center can determine whether the signal for a primary user exists on the basis of the transmitted sensing information.


The negative customers and the feedback are combined to study a type of M/G/1 repairable queuing system with negative customers and feedback.It is assumed that the positive customers return to the queue at some rate and leave the queue at the other rate.Service discipline is "first come,first service" and negative customers replacing positive ones in the middle of the queuing system.By using "supplemental variable method" and state transfer analysis the queuing indices and reliability indices are obtained.It is also found that this type of queuing system depends completely on the probability with queue length 2.


A synthetic mixture of uroporphyrin isomers I, II, III and IV as free acids in the synthetic ratio of 1:1:4:2 was resolved by reverse-phase HPLC using a C0:PEL (ODS) 37-50 micron precolumn and a Micro Bondapak C18 analytical column eluted with acetonitrile (4%) in phosphate buffer (pH 6.95). Clinically important I and III isomers of uroporphyrin were readily resolved directly from acidified urine as porphyrin free acids.


The compaction behaviour of technical textiles such as non-crimp fabrics (NCF) is of much interest to build high quality parts in liquid composite moulding processes (LCM). In this paper, the compaction response of a glass fibre NCF was investigated in two different ways: (1) characterisation tests via a universal testing machine and (2) height measurements via a line laser measurement unit during the infusion process. Results from both measurement systems are compared and it is found that the results of characterisation tests via testing machine can be used only to a certain extent. The pressure-thickness correlation during the infusion process cannot be described by the results of the testing machine, while the compaction results before and after the infusion process are in good agreement for both the methods. With the data of the line laser measurement, a model for the pressure-thickness correlation is derived, which can be used in future simulations. The infusion process was carried out using different scenarios at the vent, on the one hand a semi-permeable membrane and on the other hand an omega profile at the venting port. The results obtained using these two different venting scenarios were compared and it was found that using a semi-permeable membrane as an outlet can lead to thicker parts (up to 10%).


. Georgian has a developed Case System and two types of Verb Agreement Affixes showing the person and number of arguments: the V-type and the M-type. Traditionally they are qualified, consequently, as Subject and Object markers, but there are some "exceptions": Sometimes S-markers (res. V-type prefixes) represent Object and, vice versa, O-markers (res. M-type prefixes) represent Subject. Based on a formal, functional, and semantic analysis of the main alignment patterns in Georgian, we suggest a new interpretation of the issue. It seems more adequate to analyse verb concord markers without any functional or semantic qualification, purely by their correlation with the arguments cases. The main semantic feature, which seems to be decisive for defining the choice of various patterns, is whether the argument's 'Will' is included or not in the situation/event. Based on the feature 'Will', we formulate and generalize hierarchically organized algorithmic rules, which reflect the process of linguistic structuring of events and mirror the cognitive background of grammatical structures.


The surface-brightness–diameter relationship for supernova remnants is explained by adopting a model of direct conversion of the flux of kinetic energy into synchrotron luminosity. Two laws of motion are adopted: a power-law model for the radius–time relationship and a model that uses the thin layer approximation. The fluctuations in the log–log surface diameter relationship are modeled by a Monte Carlo simulation. In this model, a new probability density function for the density as a function of the galactic height is introduced.


In this paper, an unknown three-dimensional oceanic feature is analyzed using a single autonomous vehicle. The problem of mapping the three-dimensional underwater feature is posed from a boundary mapping perspective. An autonomous underwater vehicle, specifically a glider, is considered. A dynamic and a kinematic model of the glider is used in order to mimic its movement and to design the control actions to be applied. Differently from previous work, the glider is not requested to follow a predefined trajectory of waypoints, but is considered capable of 'intelligently' determining its own trajectory. In particular, the glider defines its direction of movement through a suboptimal sliding mode control method, using only the measurement of the analyzed feature at its current position, in order to achieve the boundary mapping objective. Knowledge of the vehicle position and of the gradient of the analyzed feature is not required. A set of simulations results are provided, based on a realistic dataset relating to a sea temperature front in the Iceland Faroes Front.


Background: Health education through college textbooks is effective in promoting knowledge, reforming, and improving health related behaviours among youths. This study evaluated the amount of tobacco related health and other information among the undergraduate college syllabus in their curriculum.
Methods: Under graduate college courses that were enrolled by students in the academic year 2019-2020 according to the All-India survey on higher education were included in the study. A total of 28 undergraduate courses under 12 governing bodies were included for content analysis. These curriculums were analysed by three examiners for the search of tobacco related keywords obtained from the WHO glossary of tobacco terms. The inter examiner reliability was calculated using the Cohen's Kappa in the SPSS software (version 25).
Results: Total of 3383 pages of the curriculum from different undergraduate courses were analysed. Results showed that the total number of information related to tobacco appeared in the form of text as 15 and tabulations as 4, to a total of 19. Among the different courses, the tobacco-related contents were higher in MBBS curriculum. Distribution of the tobacco related contents under health information were found to be higher when compared to the tobacco cessation contents and laws.
Conclusions: The distribution of tobacco related contents were found to be very less among the undergraduate courses. There is a lack of information regarding the cessation process and guidance against tobacco related habits.


Health care is delivered by people, who inevitably make mistakes. The Nursing and Midwifery Council (2002) emphasizes that nurses are accountable for their practice, which includes recognizing errors and taking appropriate action afterwards. Nurses also have a duty of care which includes a responsibility to act in a client's best interests when the actions of others may compromise a client's wellbeing. The Bristol Children's Hospital and Dr Shipman inquiries both illustrated that every practitioner has a part to play, even if it is only to draw attention to deviations from the expected norms of health-care contact.


Abstract : This paper attempts to analyze the strategic importance of the Republic of South Africa to the West in the context of 1991. The paper examines the geographic importance of South Africa and its role in the economic order of the world. The paper also reviews the concept of strategic minerals and the importance of South Africa to the West in terms of naval facilities. Although the question of racial policies often guides foreign policy relationships with South Africa, the issue will not be discussed within the framework of this study. The primary focus of this paper will be to argue for closer ties between the West and post-apartheid South Africa as an insurance policy for the future.


This paper explores the educational programs available to incarcerated men in Kingston Penitentiary between 1950 and 1960. The paper argues that the learning opportunities available to incarcerated men were influenced heavily by gendered expectations that understood men as workers and family breadwinners. The 1950s saw major reform throughout the Penitentiary Service of Canada as the new Commissioner of Penitentiaries, R.B. Gibson, responded to a series of recommendations made by the 1938 Royal Commission to Investigate the Penal System of Canada. In regard to prison education, the commission had called for a "complete reorganization of the educational system," and Gibson set out to enact appropriate reforms to improve the quality, variety, and availability of education in prisons. Kingston Penitentiary offers a case study into men's prison education as Canada's oldest and most well-known prison. In addition to its notoriety, Kingston Penitentiary published its own magazine which will inform this paper. The prisoner publication The K.P Telescope , offers prisoners' opinions and experiences of daily life including the educational programs available to them. The K.P Telescope in conversation with Penitentiary Service records will provide insights into men's prison (re)education.


Can economic indicators announced by government units give an accurate report? In this study, the monthly data on the Taiwan Weighted Index (TAIEX) from 1999 to 2018 and various economic indicators issued by government units were used as the case data, hoping to explore whether the economic indicators were related to the Taiwan Weighted Index. It was found that the coincident index and the leading index do not have the characteristics of simultaneity and leading values. Thus, using these indices to determine the trend of the weighted share price index is unreliable.


A dual surface roughening scheme using a KOH-etched Si (100) substrate for the hydrothermal growth (HTG) of NiO nanosheets (NSs) to improve pH sensing performance is demonstrated. The effects of the KOH etching conditions and the HTG time for the synthesis of NSs on the pH sensing response are discussed. The NiO NS sensing electrode (SE) based on a KOH-etched Si substrate showed a near-perfect linearity of 0.999 and a near-Nernstian response of 56.5 mV pH−1. As compared with an NS-type SE based on planar Si (53.64 mV pH−1) and an SE based on sputtering NiO on a KOH-etched Si substrate (52.87 mV pH−1), an enhancement in pH sensitivity of 5.33% and 6.87% was achieved, respectively. It is attributed to the fact that the dual surface roughening scheme greatly increased the sensing area and the number of surface sites for ion adsorption.


During the anti-Japanese war period,Bai Chong xi,head of the new Guixi of Kuomintang proposed some strategies and tactics: "all nation involved","full line resistance","accumulating minor victories to great one,exchanging space for time","regular warfare with guerrilla assisting" and "independence",which contributed to the victory.Bai's strategies are discussed to memorize the patriotic general and his historical contribution.


Gold nanoparticle films with different particles sizes (35 ± 5, 15 ± 1 nm) and agglomerated states were prepared on glass substrates, by salting-out the colloidal solutions with NaClO4 or NaOH. An ethanol solution of rhodamine 6G was cast on the gold nanoparticle film and the surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) spectrum was measured. We found that the intensity of the SERS signal was higher for the film with larger particles and that the film prepared from NaClO4 gave higher SERS signals than that prepared from NaOH. Considerable coalescence of larger gold nanoparticles was quite effective for obtaining larger SERS signals. The SERS enhancement factor was estimated to be ∼108 for the film prepared from NaClO4.


This paper proposes a bus firewall model for embedded system,which has built the intrusion immunity function on the system bottom frame.After importing the embedded system flexible bus and describing it with formalization mathematical method,a universal bottom frame is acquired.Based on this work,the paper adopts a positive rule mapping idea to establish the firewall rules.Experiments demonstrate that the firewall has good transplantability and high intrusion recognition rates.


A call, at SLAC, for a design of a 0.5 + 0.5 TeV e/sup +/e/sup -/ collider with a luminosity of at least 10/sup 33/ cm/sup -2/ sec/sup -1/ has been made. In order to find whether such a machine is possible, approximate formulae are collected for many of the relations governing the design of a linear collider. It must be emphasized that these are often only approximate relations whose accuracy is not expected to be better than about 10%, and in some cases may be worse. Units throughout will be meter-kilogram-second (mks) unless otherwise stated. Given these relations, their interdependence is studied and parameter choices made. A self-consistent solution is found that meets specification and does not involve any exotic technologies.


In political discourse, a very important role is played by the conceptual
metaphors, which are often gender-oriented. Such metaphors are used to describe
an internal and external political relations, what is the subject of our analysis.
Particular attention is paid to the evaluative properties of these metaphors,
which is their inherent element and very often associated with moral values and
stereotypes characteristic of a of a particular culture.


Iron deficiency (ID) is a common co‐morbidity in patients with heart failure (HF). A recent study showed that ID defined by the current guideline criteria was not associated with worse clinical outcomes, and new ID criteria was proposed in patients with HF. However, the external applicability of the new proposed criteria is unclear. We sought to investigate the applicability of the proposed ID criteria in Japanese patients with HF.


Based on the hysteresis loop test function of the vibrating sample magnetometer,three types of samples (i.e.CoZr thin film,Fe3O4 powder and SrFe11.6O19 powder) are measured to obtain the hysteresis loop.After adjusting the saddle point of the sample as the prerequisite conditions of accurate measurments,the simplified procedure and the accurate procedure are performed to obtain resulting hysteresis loops.By comparing and analyzing the experimental results,we find that the two procedures based on the resulting hysteresis loops are differnet in actual tests: the hysteresis loop for the simplified procedure can quickly provide the scope of the basic magnetic parameters such as coercive force,remnant magnetization and saturation field,and the hysteresis loop for accurate procedure can provide an accurate reasonable value of magnetic material (coercive force,remnant magnetization,and the saturation field).


Independently of its African roots, the HbS gene is also indigenous to the Middle East and India where it can be on an Arab-Indian (AI) HBB haplotype. This haplotype is associated with high levels of fetal hemoglobin (HbF) and increased HbF improves many complications of sickle cell disease [1]. Polymorphisms in BCL11A (chr 2p) and HBS1L-MYB (chr 6q) and in elements linked to HBB (chr 11p) are associated with HbF level. In AI haplotype HbS homozygotes, SNPs in BCL11A and HBS1L-MYB accounted for 8.8% of HbF variance. We studied 61 patients with HbS-b thalassemia, aged 12 years and not taking hydroxyurea at the time HbF was measured by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). HbS-b thalassemia was determined by the presence of the HbSF phenotype by HPLC, heterozygosity for the HbS mutation and microcytosis. The b-thalassemia mutation was not genotyped. The HbS mutation was ascertained using ARMS (amplification refractory mutation system) analysis. The AI haplotype was determined by genotyping the 50 HBG2 Xmn1 C>T restriction site (rs7482144) and a Hinc2 site 50 to HBE1 (rs3834466), and confirmed by the presence of a C>T polymorphism 68 bp 50 to HBD [2]. Single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP)s studied are shown in Table I and were detected by TaqMan assays (Applied Bio systems) or by Sanger di-deoxy sequencing. Linear regression was performed on HbF for each genetic locus, adjusting for gender. The analysis was performed using an additive genetic model whereby the total number of minor alleles present was counted for each subject. b-Thalassemia is common in Al-Ahsa. The four most prevalent mutations are: codon 39 C-T (25%); IVSII-1 G-A (22.2%); IVSI-5 G-C (13.3%); and IVSI 25 bp deletion (13.0%). a-Thalassemia has little effect on HbF in other haplotypes of sickle cell anemia [3,4]. More than 40% of AI haplotype HbS homozygotes had some form of a-thalassemia. HbS-b thalassemia patients had a mean HbF of 17.7%, a level similar to that found in HbS homozygotes and similar to those previously reported in AI haplotype HbS-b thalassemia but distinct from HbS-b thalassemia with African haplotypes. Their HbF distribution is not significantly different from that in AI haplotype HbS homozygotes (Fig. 1). There was no association of SNPs in BCL11A or the HBS1L-MYB intergenic region with HbF (Table I). The number of patients we studied was small. To have 80% power to detect associations of SNPs in BCL11A (rs766432) with HbF 140 cases would be needed; 1,640 cased are required to detect an association with rs9399137 in HBS1L-MYB. Given the results in sickle cell anemia and the AI haplotype, the effects of these SNPs on HbF in Saudi patients with HbS-b thalassemia are likely to be small. Along with interactions of cis-acting elements of the AI haplotype with trans-acting factors prevalent in the Saudi Arab population that remain to be discovered, reduced or abnormal b-globin mRNA caused by b thalassemia and stress erythropoiesis might contribute to increasing HbF expression [5]. Less b-globin mRNA might enhance the stability of g-globin RNA by reducing post-transcriptional competition for the translational machinery [6]. Sickle cell trait carriers with the AI haplotype and Saudi Arab heterozygotes with b thalassemia had nearly normal HbF levels. The absence of hemolytic anemia or suppression of HBB expression trans to the HbS gene might account for their normal HbF.


The dynamics of academic productivity in Higher Education Institutions is relevant since it reflects the result of the research presented to society. Although scientific articles are as one of the main means for the dissemination of research results, there are academic products that propose other ways of communicating the results. This article analyzes the dynamics of publication in social sciences, humanities and engineering and technology, in order to recognize the existence of other products and their way of valuing them. Through a quantitative and correlational approach, the productivity data of three areas in the years 2017 and 2018 of a Colombian public university and, in particular, of the graphic design discipline of the year 2018 of two universities (one private and a public one) is studied. The results suggest that in engineering, scientific articles are published primarily in indexed journals that are evaluated through their academic impact; in the social sciences, the publication of books and book chapters prevails; and in humanities, where the arts are found, the existence of impact products is identified, such as creative works, which poses a challenge for evaluation systems since these products are not sufficiently recognized.


blood glucose values, pre and post operatively. Recent studies have concluded that surgical patients with well lower blood glucose levels, pre and post operatively, have less complications than those with higher blood glucose levels. Our presentation will explain our findings from: - Review of charts from patients before and after the protocol was implemented - Data that determines whether or not the patients' blood glucose values were significantly lower on the protocol - Datathatdetermineswhetherornotthepatientshadahigher incident of complications post operatively, before and after the initiation of the insulin protocol Included in the presentation, is how a hospital-wide hyperglycemia protocol has been implemented with the data collected by our unit. We will discuss how our protocol affected the house wide decisions regarding glucose management. If time permits, we hope to include a small section on our open heart surgery patients, and their improved outcomes, by using Glucomander. The Glucomander is a computer program that uses an algorithm to control blood glucose via an insulin drip. We have had great success with this program, as well. Thank you very much for your time in considering our presentation. P3


Rat liver mitochondria were exposed to extramitochondrial free calcium between 0 and 5 μM and/or 5 minutes of anoxia followed by 10 minutes of reoxygenation. At concentrations higher than 4 μM, the membrane potential collapsed indicating the permeability transition of the mitochondrial membrane. Anoxia‐reoxygenation shifted this transition to lower calcium concentrations. Anoxia‐reoxygenation alone resulted in the decrease of ADP stimulated respiration down to about 40 % of its initial value. Between 1 and 2 μM, a protective effect in terms of respiration and oxidative protein modification was found. It is concluced that calcium may suppress the formation of reactive oxygen species during anoxia‐reoxygenation before permeability transition occurs.


—We apply the methodology of deep unfolding on the problem of reconstruction of DCE-MRI data. The problem is formulated as a convex optimization problem, solvable via the primal–dual splitting algorithm. The unfolding allows for optimal hyperparameter selection for the model. We examine two approaches – with the parameters shared across the layers/iterations, and an adaptive version where the parameters can differ. The results demonstrate that the more complex model can better adapt to the data.