The nanostructure and thermal behaviour of liquid crystalline oligoester were examined by combination of real-time synchrotron small-angle and wide-angle X-ray scattering methods with differential scanning calorimetry. The synthesized oligoester exhibits ability to form a thermotropic mesophase. It was shown that solid crystalline state is observed in the temperature range 25 to 123°C and liquid crystalline state between 118-156°C. The transition temperature determined from dynamic small-angle and wide-angle X-ray scattering experiments agrees very well with the results obtained from differential scanning calorimetry.


Background and Aim: Knowledge management and job involvement are critical requirements for today's organizations that this can be developed in the light of professional ethics. By understanding these issues, present study aims to evaluate the relationship between professional ethics with knowledge management and job involvement. Materials and Methods: The research method was descriptive-correlative. Statistical population was all female teachers of Zahedan high school in the academic years 1394-95 (175 people). By stratified random method, 120 high school female teachers through three questionnaires professional ethics (Gregory, 1990), knowledge management (Bhatt, 2001) and job involvement ( Lodahl & Kejnar, 1965) were studied.To analyze the data, from the Pearson correlation coefficient and multiple regression were used with the help SPSS21 software. Findings: The correlation coefficients of professional ethics and its components: dependable, ambitious, considerate, cooperative respectively with knowledge management were 0/346, 0/395, 0/234, 0/219 and 0/216. The results also showed that 18/2 percent of the variance in knowledge management professional ethics explain that the only component dependable between the components of professional ethics to do with the amount of β (0/51) of the predictive power of knowledge management. Other findings showed that the correlation coefficients of professional ethics and its components: dependable, ambitious, considerate, cooperative respectively with job involvement were 0/497, 0/519, 0/412, 0/292 and 0/31 respectively. The results also showed that 29/3 percent of the variance in job involvement of professional ethics explains that the only component dependable of professional ethics to do with the amount of β (0/486) had the power to predict job engagement. Conclusion: According to the findings to your school administrators recommended that efforts to establish ethical work environment and encourage teachers to focus on their business activities .So that in this way we hoped teachers to improve knowledge management and job involvement. Please cite this article as: Shojayifar Z, Marzieh A, Nastiezaie N. The Relationship between Professional Ethics with Knowledge Management and Job Involvement. Iran J Bioethics 2017; 7(23): 17-28.


The organic fertilizers' application and the traditional use for long periods of time have influenced the rich plant diversity in Apuseni Mountains, Romania. The objective of this study was to identify the effect of manure's application upon the plant diversity and productivity of Festuca rubra L. –Agrostis capillaris L. grasslands. The experimental field evaluated four variants (V1: control, V2: 10 t ha-1 manure, V3: 20 t ha-1 manure, V4: 30 t ha-1 manure). After ten years, important changes at the sward level were observed. The control's phytocenosis is naturally represented by Festuca rubra L. - Agrostis capillaris L. grassland type. Then, following the application of organic fertilizers, Trisetum flavescens L. - Agrostis capillaris L. appeared. The large quantities of organic fertilizers produced a considerable limitation on plant diversity. The applied treatments do not produce any important improvement of the grassland types' agronomic value. Taking account the influence of organic fertilizers upon the DM yield, plant diversity and agronomic value, it is considered that the treatment with 10 t ha -1 manure annually applied produces optimum changes and might be taken into consideration for the low-input systems in Apuseni Mountains


In this paper, we present a fast algorithm for bi-directional conversion between discrete cosine transform (DCT) coefficients of a signal block and its sub-blocks. Specifically, we show that a DCT of a block of size N x N can be efficiently obtained from the N/2 x N/2 DCT coefficients of its sub-blocks, and vice versa. The algorithms are obtained by formulating each unidirectional conversion as a relatively simple combination of N/2 x N/2 DCT calculations. For typical DCT block sizes our algorithms result in a 20% savings in multiplications over the fastest existing methods. Simulation results also suggest high accuracy using the proposed conversion scheme.


The use of test scores to drive education policy is both controversial and very much on the government's agenda, so we should be concerned at the impending prospect of cross-national early years assessments.


Based on modern geographical distribution of plants,the pteridophyte species in Mt.Yanxia Nature Reserve can be divided into 11 area types and 7 subtypes.Temperate East Asia distribution and Tropical Asia distribution are the main elements of the area-type in this area.The analysis indicate that pteridophyte of this area belong to East Asia pteridophyte,however,Tropical Asia distribution also have certain effect on this area and show the feature of subtropical transition to temperate area-type.Floristic and geographic elements are complicated.At genus level,tropical-subtropical distribution types are dominant,with 33 genera accounting for 78.6% of the total genera,this indicates that pteridophyte flora at genus level is related to tropical and subtropical nature.At species level,East Asia elements(42 species) take the largest proportion,including endemic Chinese elements(5 species),accounting for 42.3% of the total species.Those indicate that Mt.Yanxia pteridophyte flora belongs to East Asia flora.


Objective To compare outcome of elderly patients with unstable proximal femoral fractures treated by the proximal femoral nail(PFNA) and the Gamma nail.Methods This study was a retrospective clinical study in which 69 patients with an unstable proximal femoral fracture treated by proximal femoral nail antirotation or Gamma nail.Follow-up visits occurred at 6 weeks,12weeks,6 months and 12 months.Results were measured by perioperative data,functional outcome,pain score,living conditions,fracture healing and main complications.Results The ability to walk at 12 weeks was significantly better in the PFNA group compared to the Gamma nail group(P 0.05).More delay fracture healing and nonunion were found in Gamma nails than in PFNA group(P0.05).The PFNA group had more major complications and reoperations rate compared to the Gamma nail group(P 0.05).Conclusion Unstable proximal femoral fracture could be treated successfully by the two methods.Advantages with the PFNA were the lower reoperation rate,femoral head cut out and refracture,and the PFNA group was prior to Gamma nail group in early rehabilitation period.


As the demand for 3D vision technology in industry continues to rise, 3D point cloud part classification based on deep learning has received widespread attention. Classification methods based on 3D point cloud data outperform traditional 2D image classification in terms of inspection accuracy, and are advantageous in detecting parts with similar and poorly differentiated part shapes and parts with uncertainty in the type and extent of damage areas. The aim of this paper is to introduce some of the mainstream part inspection methods based on 3D point cloud data. Firstly, the advantages and background of 3D point clouds in industrial applications and the characteristics of their acquisition methods are introduced; secondly, the classification methods based on 3D point clouds of parts by classical and deep learning algorithms and the related industrial applications are introduced; the common datasets for 3D point cloud classification are summarised; Finally, the development trends and potential research directions of deep learning in the direction of part point cloud detection are foreseen.


This paper focuses on the interdecadal variation in drought in Northeast China (NEC) in recent decades. Two dry and wet periods have occurred in the past 61 years (1950–2010). The mechanism underlying the interdecadal variation in drought in NEC is further analyzed; the results indicate that the direct cause is the interdecadal change of the Okhotsk High (OH). A strong (weak) OH is conducive (detrimental) to the convergence of cold air transported by northeast cold vortex and water vapor from the east of NEC, eventually leading to an increase (decrease) in precipitation. Furthermore, we seek to understand why OH displays such an interdecadal variation. The interdecadal increases and decreases in sea ice in the Barents Sea and the Kara Sea explain most of the interdecadal change of the OH. When more sea ice is present in this area, more energy is transferred eastward from the sea ice area to Northeast Asia, weakening the OH; in contrast, less sea ice strengthens the OH. Sensitivity simulations by Community Atmosphere Model, version 4 (CAM4) using sea ice forcing in the Barents Sea and the Kara Sea yield similar results to the observed data, further confirming our conclusion. The results of this paper provide a new understanding of the interdecadal variation in drought in NEC, and it may help to improve our ability to predict drought and provide early warning in the future.


ABSTRACT The characterization of glycosylation is required for many protein therapeutics. The emergence of antibody and antibody-like molecules with multiple glycan attachment sites has rendered glycan analysis increasingly more complicated. Reliance on site-specific glycopeptide analysis is therefore necessary to fully analyze multi-glycosylated biotherapeutics. Established glycopeptide methodologies have generally utilized a priori knowledge of the glycosylation states of the investigated protein(s), database searching of results generated from data-dependent liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry workflows, and extracted ion quantitation of the individual identified species. However, the inherent complexity of glycosylation makes predicting all glycoforms on all glycosylation sites extremely challenging, if not impossible. That is, only the "knowns" are assessed. Here, we describe an agnostic methodology to qualitatively and quantitatively assess both "known" and "unknown" site-specific glycosylation for biotherapeutics that contain multiple glycosylation sites. The workflow uses data-independent, all ion fragmentation to generate glycan oxonium ions, which are then extracted across the entirety of the chromatographic timeline to produce a glycan-specific "fingerprint" of the glycoprotein sample. We utilized both HexNAc and sialic acid oxonium ion profiles to quickly assess the presence of Fab glycosylation in a therapeutic monoclonal antibody, as well as for high-throughput comparisons of multi-glycosylated protein drugs derived from different clones to a reference product. An automated method was created to rapidly assess oxonium profiles between samples, and to provide a quantitative assessment of similarity.


Various embodiments are presented herein that may allow an application direct access to graphical processing unit memory. An apparatus and a computer-implemented method may include accessing allocated graphical processing unit memory of a second resource via a link from a first resource. The allocated graphical processing unit memory may be mapped into one or more page tables of a central processing unit. A virtual address of the graphical processing unit memory from the one or more page tables of the central processing unit may be sent to the application.


Visual navigation is a ubiquitous yet complex task which is performed by many species for the purpose of survival. Although visual navigation is actively being studied within the robotics community ...


This paper investigates how the growth in pharmaceutical expenditures is determined. A theoretical model of the growth in pharmaceutical expenditures is analyzed and the impact of new innovative drugs on the growth of Swedish pharmaceutical expenditures is studied empirically. The result from the theoretical model is that the potential driving forces of the steady state growth in expenditures are inflation in introductory drug prices, the inflow of new innovative drugs and the increase in the underlying demand. The result from the empirical study is that introductory drug prices have,been stable durin'g this period but that new innovative drugs have opened up new markets and increased the drug consumption. An important conclusion is that the change in the drug price index is of little importance for the growth in pharmaceutical expenditures in steady state. At present, it might be necessary to reduce the access to new innovative drugs if the steady state growth rate is to be reduced.


This paper presents novel OCS-LBP (Oriented Center Symmetric Local Binary Patterns) based on orientation of pixel gradient and image retrieval system based on BoF (Bag-of-Feature) and random forest classifier. Feature vectors extracted from training data are clustered into code book and each feature is transformed new BoF feature using code book. BoF features are applied to random forest for training and random forest having N classes is constructed by combining several decision trees. For testing, the same OCS-LBP feature is extracted from a query image and BoF is applied to trained random forest classifier. In contrast to conventional retrieval system, query image selects similar K-nearest neighbor (K-NN) classes after random forest is performed. Then, Top K similar images are retrieved from database images that are only labeled K-NN classes. Compared with other retrieval algorithms, the proposed method shows both fast processing time and improved retrieval performance.


A common static software bug detection technique is to use path simulation. Each execution path is simulated using symbolic variables to determine if any software errors could occur. The scalability of these approaches is dependent on the number of paths in the program. This paper uses number of paths in a program to estimate the amount of work necessary to determine if a particular pointer or array operation is safe. A unique aspect in the study is that we explore the amount of work necessary for verifying the operations together versus verifying operations individually. Results show that the work for the worst-case operation individually generally improves but the magnitude of this improvement is dependent on the program. Often, there are one or two functions that contribute a large percentage of the paths. The results depend on how critical these functions are to verifying an individual operation.


The FRAPTRAN computer code has been developed for the U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC) to calculate fuel behavior during power and/or cooling transients at burnup levels up to 65 MWd/kgM. FRAPTRAN has now been assessed and peer reviewed. STUK/VTT have coupled GENFLO to FRAPTRAN for calculations with improved coolant boundary conditions and prepared example calculations to show the effect of improving the coolant boundary conditions.


The origin of the high X-ray luminosities of most ultraluminous X-ray sources (ULXs) still remains poorly understood. Most of the scenarios proposed to explain their nature assume that ULXs are powered by accretion on to a black hole (BH). In this case, the detection of compact radio emission and the location of the ULXs in the Fundamental Plane (X-ray versus radio-luminosity plane) can provide an estimate of the ULX BH mass and help address the question of their physical nature. We present the results of a high-resolution (very long baseline interferometry) radio observational campaign aimed at detecting and studying compact radio emission in four ULXs with known radio counterparts. We find that one of the targets (N4559-X4) was previously misclassified: its low X-ray luminosity indicates that the source is not a ULX. No milliarcsec-scale radio emission is detected for N4559-X4 nor for the ULXs N4490-X1 and N5194-X2, for which upper limits on the radio luminosities are estimated. These limits argue strongly against the presence of supermassive BHs in these three systems. For N4559-X4, the low X-ray luminosity and the ratio of the radio and X-ray luminosities suggest the presence of an X-ray binary. Compact radio emission is detected for the ULX N5457-X9 within its Chandra positional error, making N5457-X9 a potential intermediate-mass BH with steady jet emission.


The study investigated the influence of ambient temperature and gestation on the redox homeostasis and metabolic profile of Yankasa ewes during the dry season in a tropical savannah. Ten ewes were synchronised and bred at early-dry season and lambed during the late-dry season, so that each sampling period corresponded to different periods of the dry season. Thermal environmental parameters were recorded during the morning and afternoon hours. Blood samples were collected from the ewes at pre-, early (cold-dry) -, mid(early hot-dry) and late-gestation (late hot-dry), week 3 (late hot-dry) and week 2 prepartum (late hot-dry); and postpartum (late hot-dry). Serum samples were analysed for malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase and glutathione peroxidase (GPx), thyroid hormones, cholesterol, triglycerides, non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA), alanine aminotransferase (AST), aspartate aminotransferase (ALT), creatinine and urea. The highest average ambient temperature was obtained at mid-gestation. Mid-gestation was characterised by significantly (P<0.05) higher MDA and NEFA levels, but lower SOD, GPx and T3 level. The AST and ALT activities were lower (P<0.05) at preand early-gestation than at prepartum and postpartum. Urea concentration was higher (P<0.05) at postpartum than early-gestation. Discriminant analysis revealed a higher level of misclassification of parameters between pre-gestation, late-gestation, prepartum and postpartum, but no classification error occurred during earlyand mid-gestation. In conclusion, the ewes were more stressed at mid-gestation than any other stage of the gestation. Therefore, measures to mitigate the adverse impact of high ambient temperature on the dam should be adopted to prevent the occurrence of pregnancy-related disorders during the season.


Background Bradycardia on presentation is frequently observed in patients with right coronary artery ST‐segment elevation myocardial infarction, but it is largely unknown whether it predicts poor angiographic or clinical outcomes in that patient population. We sought to determine the prognostic implications of admission heart rate (AHR) in patients with ST‐segment elevation myocardial infarction and a right coronary artery culprit lesion. Methods and Results We analyzed 1460 patients with ST‐segment elevation myocardial infarction and a right coronary artery culprit lesion enrolled in the randomized HORIZONS‐AMI (Harmonizing Outcomes with Revascularization and Stents in Acute Myocardial Infarction) trial who underwent primary percutaneous coronary intervention. Patients presenting with high‐grade atrioventricular block were excluded. Outcomes were examined according to AHR range (AHR <60, 61–79, 80–99, and ≥100 beats per minute). Baseline and procedural characteristics did not vary significantly with AHR except for a more frequent history of diabetes mellitus, longer symptom‐to‐balloon time, more frequent cardiogenic shock, and less frequent restoration of thrombolysis in myocardial infarction 3 flow in patients with admission tachycardia (AHR >100 beats per minute). Angiographic analysis showed no significant association between AHR and lesion location or complexity. On multivariate analysis, admission bradycardia (AHR <60 beats per minute) was not associated with increased 1‐year mortality (hazard ratio 1.33; 95% CI 0.41–4.34, P=0.64) or major adverse cardiac events (hazard ratio 1.08; 95% CI 0.62–1.88, P=0.78), whereas admission tachycardia was a strong independent predictor of mortality (hazard ratio 5.02; 95% CI 1.95–12.88, P=0.0008) and major adverse cardiac events (hazard ratio 2.20; 95% CI 1.29–3.75, P=0.0004). Conclusions In patients with ST‐segment elevation myocardial infarction and a right coronary artery culprit lesion undergoing primary percutaneous coronary intervention, admission bradycardia was not associated with increased mortality or major adverse cardiac events at 1 year. Clinical Trial Registration URL: https://www.clinicaltrials.gov. Unique identifier: NCT00433966.


Investigation of the dd -> He-4 eta reaction has been a part of the experimental programme at the ANKE facility of COSY-Julich. In a first stage measurements were made at two excess energies: 2.6 MeV, 7.7 MeV as well as one energy below threshold for physical background studies. The experimental technique and the results are presented. The total cross sections obtained link well with the existing data, though there is some ambiguity at the higher energies, where sonic earlier data were taken with a polarised beam. Measured angular distributions indicate the onset of higher partial waves at only 7.7 MeV above threshold.


We investigate integral forms of certain simple modules over group algebras in characteristic 0 whose $p$-modular reductions have precisely three composition factors. As a consequence we, in particular, complete the description of the integral forms of the simple $\QQ\mathfrak{S}_n$-module labelled by the hook partition $(n-2,1^2)$. Moreover, we investigate the integral forms of the Steinberg module of finite special linear groups $\PSL_2(q)$ over suitable fields of characteristic 0. In the second part of the paper we explicitly determine the Solomon zeta functions of various families of modules and lattices over group algebra, including Specht modules of symmetric groups labelled by hook partitions and the Steinberg module of $\PSL_2(q)$.


Sandy land has a considerable potential to resolve the problem of the narrowing area of agricultural land in Indonesia. Improvement of sandy land quality which belongs to the marginal land is necessary in order to increase its productivity, for example through the addition of compost and organic liquid fertilizer. This research aims to know the effect of blotong compost and organic liquid fertilizer of Eichhornia crassipes to endomycorrhizal infection and the production of sorghum plants. The experimental design used was factorial completely randomized block design with 2 factors and 3 replicates. The first factor was dose of blotong compost which consists of 3 levels, i.e. 0, 20, and 40 tons blotong compost /ha. The second factor was concentration of the organic liquid fertilizer of Eichhornia crassipes consists of 4 levels, i.e. 0, 10, 25, and 40% of the organic liquid fertilizer of Eichhornia crassipes. Further data obtained were analyzed using ANOVA, followed by Duncan Multiple Range Test (DMRT) for significantly different data. The results showed that the application of blotong compost increase soil Corganic, total soil microorganisms, plant height and lowering endomycorrhizal infection. Optimal fertilizing compost blotong dose is 40 tons/ha. The application of organic liquid fertilizer of Eichhornia crassipes increase the total soil microorganisms with optimal concentration of 40%, as well as reducing endomycorrhizal infection. The combination treatment of 20 tons of compost blotong/ha and 10% organic liquid fertilizer of Eichhornia crassipes already enhance the growth and production of sorghum, but the maximum growth and plant production is achieved with the addition of 40 tons of compost blotong/ha and 40% organic liquid fertilizer of Eichhornia crassipes.


Introduction: Bone augmentation techniques have been increasingly indicated to recreate adequate bone height and volume for dental implant sites. Maxillary sinus augmentation can be performed with or without graft biomaterials. In this sense, fibrin-rich plasma (PRF) stands out, which is a three-dimensional (3-D) autogenous biomaterial. Objective: It was carried out a systematic review of the literature on the main considerations and clinical findings of bone grafting and fibrin-rich plasma in oral and maxillofacial surgery. Methods: The present study followed a systematic review model, following the rules of systematic review – PRISMA. The search strategy was performed in the PubMed, Cochrane Library, Web of Science and Scopus, and Google Scholar databases. The quality of the studies was based on the GRADE instrument and the risk of bias was analyzed according to the Cochrane instrument. Results and Conclusion: The total of 256 articles were found. A total of 64 articles were fully evaluated and 28 were included in this study. Considering the Cochrane tool for risk of bias, the overall assessment resulted in 134 studies that were excluded with a high risk of bias (studies with small sample size). Also, 38 studies were excluded because they did not meet the GRADE. The application of autologous platelet-rich plasma provides benefits in promoting soft tissue healing and bone regeneration in different surgical procedures, as well as being favorable for bone formation processes for dental implants, especially when combined with xenografts. In addition, it is an autologous, low-cost biomaterial that does not require the administration of additives. However, further studies with larger sample sizes and longer follow-up times are needed to provide more substantial evidence of the efficacy of platelet-rich plasma in promoting soft and hard tissue healing.


— Carbon steel is used in boilers, pressure vessels, heat exchangers, piping, structural elements and other moderate-temperature service systems in which good strength and ductility are desired. ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code, Section II Part A (2004) provides specifications of ferrous materials for construction of pressure equipment, covering wide range of mechanical properties including high strength materials for power plants application. However, increased level of springback is one of the major problems in fabricating components of high strength steel using bending. Presented work discuss the springback simulations for five different steels (i.e. SA-36, SA-299, SA-515 grade 70, SA-612 and SA-724 grade B) using finite element analysis of air V-bending. Analytical springback simulations of hypothetical layered materials are presented. Result shows that; (i) combination of the material property parameters controls the springback, (ii) layer of the high ductility steel on the high strength steel greatly suppresses the springback.


1 Introduction Does playing strategic games improve your performance on other tasks in which you have to reason about someone else's beliefs and intentions, as in for example a false-belief task? Both tasks require theory of mind—the ability to reason about someone's desires, beliefs, and intentions. In reasoning about others' minds, we can distinguish different orders of reasoning. When we reason about the reality (e.g., this abstract), we talk about zeroth-order theory of mind. First-order theory of mind is when we reason about someone's mental states (e.g., I think you find this abstract interesting to read). Second-order is reasoning about someone who reasons about someone's mental states (e.g., I think that you think that I find this abstract interesting to read) and so forth. Several training studies have shown transfer between first-order theory of mind tasks [1,2]. Thus, training in one task improves performance on a different theory of mind task—a phenomenon called transfer. However, for higher-order theory of mind, the amount of transfer between tasks is still unclear. To explore the relation between two different kinds of tasks that require higher-order theory of mind, the overlap between two tasks that require second-order theory of mind is investigated. The first task is a turn-based strategy-game called marble drop designed by Mei-jering et al. [3] that is played with two players—an orange player and a blue player. In marble drop, a white marble is dropped onto orange and blue trapdoors that are controlled by the players that have the corresponding color. Behind each trapdoor, there is either a second pair of trapdoors or a bin containing a certain number of orange and blue marbles. The goal is to let the white marble reach the bin that contains the most marbles of your own color, regardless of the number of marbles the other player gets. Often you cannot reach the goal by just controlling your own trapdoors. Thus, you have to reason about the other player's beliefs, intentions and desires to predict which trapdoor your opponent is going to open. The second task is a false-belief task. In a false-belief task, a story is told while corresponding pictures are presented to the participant. In the story, an item is moved from one location to the other. This movement is not observed by all characters in the story. Thus, one or more characters have false beliefs about the location of the item. After …


Objective:To investigate the children with mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia (MPP)cellular immunity,humoral immune changes, in order to provide theoretical reference for the clinical immunotherapy. Method:Selected 196 children with acute period of MPP (MPP),with light 152 cases,heavy 44 cases,chosen surgery undergoing elective surgery over the same 7 children under the age of 50 cases as control group,detected IgA,IgG, IgM level and CD3+,CD4+. Result:The MPP group of IgG,IgM level higher than the control group,comparison difference had statistical significance (P0.05),light IgG and IgM level in children with MPP group were higher than control group,patients with heavy IgM level higher than children with light and the control group,comparison difference had statistical significance (P0.05);MPP group of CD3+,CD4+was lower than the control group, comparison difference had statistical significance (P0.05),children with MPP group light of CD4+was lower than the control group,children with heavy CD4+,was lower than the control group,CD3+children lower than the control group and light,comparison differences had statistically significant (P0.05). Conclusion:MPP children exist abnormal activation of B lymphocytes and T lymphocytes,children with severe pneumonia performance more obvious.


Varying levels of susceptibility in sesame (Sesamum indicum) varieties to infestation and damage by field insect pests was investigated at the Teaching and Research Farm of the University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, (70 15'N, 3025' E, 159 m above sea level) Nigeria in the early and late planting seasons of 2009. There was no significant difference in the agronomic data collected in both sprayed and unsprayed plots, except in the early season when there was significantly more leaves in the unsprayed plots than the sprayed plots. Compared to other varieties, Cros-95 had significantly higher grain yield (1,263 kg/ha) in the early season while that of Cameroun white (823.5 kg/ha) was significantly higher in the late season. There was a significant positive correlation between leaf damaged and populations of both Antigastra catalaunalis and Zonocerus variegatus (P < 0.05; r = 0.64 and r = 0.27 respectively). In the late season, the population of phis gossypii was negatively correlated yield, number of leaves and number of capsules (P<0.05; r = -0.44 and r= -0.49, respectively) and positively correlated with percentage leaf and capsule damage (P < 0.05; r =0.56 and r =0.44 respectively). There was no significant correlation between the total insect population and primary and secondary metabolites in early season, whereas, in late season, total insect population was negatively correlated with moisture content and fat but positively correlated with crude protein, saonin and alkaloid (P<0.05; r = -0.05; r = -0.43; r =0.55, r = 0.31 and r = 0.56, respectively). Among the varieties, Yobe chambamba had the lowest insect pest population and highest damage followed by Eva, Ciano-27 and Kwandere, while significantly higher insect pest population was on Domu, NCRIBEN-01M, Yobe gadaka, 530- -1, Cross-95, E-8, PB-Til, Ciano-16 and Cameroun white.


We have reestablished the SU (5) grand unified model according to new research results in order to clarify some misunderstandings to the model. On this basis the unified gauge model describing four interactions containing gravity has been established, and its results are consistent with experiments.


Summary

The carcass and commercial yield traits of Channa striatus were evaluated. Experimental fish were 8-month-old snakehead murrels (Channa striatus) weighing 500–700 gm, reared in earthen ponds and cultivated intensively at a rate of 10 000 fingerlings/ha. The fish were given formulated feed for a period of 1 year. Morphometric parameters were measured along with carcass, filleting, and offal traits. The murrel head yield (28.7%) as well as scales and skin yield (11.92%) were recorded. Dressed murrel (evisceration yield) was 89.59% of the live weight. Dressed percentage (minus the head, skin and viscera) was 50.72%. Average meat-to-bone filleting ratio was 3.43 of marketable size murrels. Insignificant accumulations of fat deposits on the lining of the abdominal cavity and coating the bowels were noted.


Study 1 was conducted to examine the contribution of the joint condition of supervisor close monitoring and the presence of creative coworkers to employees' creativity. In addition to replicating Study 1's results, Study 2 examined (a) the joint condition of supervisor developmental feedback and presence of creative coworkers and (b) whether creative personality moderated the contributions of the 2 joint conditions. Converging results from the 2 field studies demonstrated that when creative coworkers were present, the less supervisors engaged in close monitoring, the more employees exhibited creativity. Study 2 also found that the contribution of this joint condition was stronger for employees with less creative personalities and that when creative coworkers were present, the more supervisors provided developmental feedback, the more employees exhibited creativity.


In this chapter we will describe how Parkinson's disease (PD) affects patients' eye movements, both bedside and laboratory, preceded by brief review of the anatomo-physiological substrate of eye movements. We will provide a practical summary of how to use the eye movement examination to aid the differential diagnosis of the parkinsonian syndromes, in particular idiopathic PD from multiple system atrophy (MSA), progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP), and corticobasal syndrome (CBS). A sub-section will describe how deep brain stimulation (DBS) also influences eye movements in PD. Despite a plethora of eye movement laboratory studies in PD it is still relatively unknown what the eye movements of these patients are like in real life. Given that the eyes move in order to see better, does the akinesia of PD impose visual deprivation or delays during ecological whole-body movements? Finally, because the visual, vestibular, and oculomotor systems are tightly coupled, we will review this interaction which has bearing on the decades-long question of the contribution of central vestibular dysfunction to abnormalities of postural balance in PD. A practical implication of visuo-vestibular interactions in PD is that an observation of mini-ocular tremor in PD, with huge potential implications as a disease marker, has now been shown to be an artefact. Most authors agree that minute head oscillations, primary or transmitted from other body tremor, in these patients induce a compensatory eye movement response via the vestibulo-ocular reflex (VOR), which, on eye movement recordings but not clinically, looks like an ocular tremor.


This article summarizes the corresponding half-day tutorial at ACM Multimedia 2015. This tutorial reviews recent progresses in human-centric images and videos analysis: 1) fashion analysis: parsing, attribute prediction and retrieval; 2) action analysis: discriminative feature selection, pooling and fusion; 3) person verification: cross-domain person verification via learning a generalized similarity measure, and bit-scalable deep hashing with regularized similarity learning.


1980 Kyoto, Japan 1984 Jerusalem, lsrael 1988 Paris, France 1992 San Paulo, Brazil 1996 Birmingham, UK 2000 Garmisch-Partenkirchen, Germany 2004 Chicago, USA 2008 Busan, Korea 2012 Milan, ltaly 2016 Beijing, China 2020 Nagoya, Japan Scope of the Congress The Interfinish2020 congress is the worldwide meeting for surface finishing academia, engineers, and industry. The Congress is run by academic-industry collaboration under the auspices of the International Union of Surface Finishing (IUSF). The Surface Finishing Society of Japan (SFSJ) is organising the plenary lectures, the multisessions including invited talks, and the exhibition, from 7th (Monday) 9th (Wednesday) September, 2020, at Nagoya University.


15. Supplementary Notes Project performed in cooperation with the Texas Department of Transportation and the Federal Highway Administration. Project Title: Improving Safety and Efficiency of Signalized Intersections during Inclement Weather URL: http://tti.tamu.edu/documents/0-6861-1.pdf 16. Abstract Inclement weather, such as rain, snow, fog, and ice, create special operational challenges for traffic management agencies. This project provided the Texas Department of Transportation with technical guidance for improving safety and efficiency of signalized intersections during inclement weather. As part of this project, the research team examined available technologies for detecting adverse weather at signalized intersections and provided technical guidance on strategies for modifying traffic signal operations during various types of weather events. A realistic and practical architectural framework for collecting and disseminating weather information to improve signalized intersection operations was developed by the research team. The research team deployed the architecture at intersections in Dumas, Burleson, and Nassau Bay and conducted simulation and field studies to explore the benefits of providing weather responsive traffic signal operations. The research team also provided guidance for operating traffic signals and developing traffic signal timing plans for large-scale evacuations, such as hurricane evacuations in coastal regions.


The paper introduces logistics agglomeration as well as its advantages from an economic point of view,studies its innovation mechanism and further identifies four patterns of innovation,pointing out that the development of a logistics agglomeration is in fact a process from the loose toward the integrated innovation pattern.


Fatigue tests were carried out with as-rolled and heat-treated Si-Mn-Cr-Mo martensite-ferrite dual-phase steels at room temperature in air and 3.5% NaCl solution. The effects of duplex microstructural morphologies, martensite contents and environmental conditions on fatigue stress-life, cyclic deformation behavior, fatigue crack initiation and near-threshold fatigue crack growth were investigated. The influence of prestrain and ageing on fatigue threshold was also studied.


The diffusion of B and As in mechanically strnsed silicon has been investigated for initial implant doses of 10 13 , 10 14 , and 10 15 cm -2 , over a range of annealing temperatures. At stresses near the silicon yield point, no significant enhancement or retardation was observed. This was true even in plastically deformed samples with dislocation densities >1×10 7 cm -2 . The results are consistent with the multiple charge state vacancy model of impurity diffusion in silicon. The B diffusivity appears to agree with the accepted activation energy of 3.59 eV and pre-exponential of 3.17 cm 2 /sec for intrinsic B diffusion.


Background - During the last two decades, discussions about corporate governance in relation to gender diversity on boards have been central. Sweden is one of the countries in the world with the hi ...


The invention relates to a self-calibration gas chamber and an optical fiber gas sensor detection system.The self-calibration gas chamber comprises a housing of a gas accommodation cavity, wherein the housing is internally provided with a collimator support seat for supporting optical fiber collimators in pairs simultaneously, and a collimator mounting structure for fixing and aligning of the two optical fiber collimators arranged in pairs is arranged on the collimator support seat. During manufacture, a good foundation can be provided for alignment of the optical fiber collimators in pairs so long as machining precision of the collimator mounting structure on the collimator support seat is ensured, the chamber is convenient to manufacture and assemble, relative positions of the two optical fiber collimators are easy to ensure, and the chamber is stable in performance and convenient to maintain.


PART ONE: INTRODUCTION: Human Resources in the Changing World The Foundations of Human Resource Management Equal Employment Opportunity Ethical Issues and Employees Rights PART TWO: THE INCEPTION FUNCTION: Strategic Human Resource Planning Recruitment and the Foundation of Selection Selection Devices Orientation of New Employees PART THREE: THE DEVELOPMENT FUNCTION: Training and Development Career Development PART FOUR: THE MOTIVATION FUNCTION: Motivating Employees to Maximum Effort Productivity and Total Quality Management Performance Management Systems Rewards and Compensation Discipline and Employee Counselling PART FIVE: THE MAINTENANCE FUNCTION: Benefits Administration Health and Safety Communications Programmes PART SIX: LABOUR-MANAGEMENT RELATIONS: Introduction to Labor Relations Collective Bargaining.


Background/Aims: Checking bone mineral density (BMD) is not sufficient for determining the progression of renal osteodystrophy. Measuring pyridinoline or deoxypyridinoline in urine does not give an accurate bone status, due to insufficient urine in patients with renal failure. However, another biochemical marker, beta-CTX (the carboxy-terminal telopeptide of type 1 collagen), in serum is believed to be a good indicator of the status of renal osteodystrophy. Methods: Fifty-nine patients undergoing hemodialysis agreed to have their blood and BMD checked. Beta-CTX was measured using an electro-chemiluminescence sandwich immunoassay and BMD was counted at the lumbar spine, femoral neck, and distal humerus using a Discovery-Wi (Hologic). Results: Bone-alkaline phosphatase (49.836.7 U/L), parathormone (PTH) (192.8263.3 U/L), osteocalcin (33.418.2 ng/mL), and beta-CTX (2.11.2 ng/mL) were all increased, while the average BMD of the lumbar spine (0.860.17), femoral neck, (0.670.14) and distal humerus (0.67 0.17) were all decreased. The BMD of the femoral neck in females was significantly lower than in males (p=0.044). The serum phosphate and PTH concentrations in non-diabetics were significantly higher than in diabetics (p=0.001, p=0.04, respectively). The measured serum osteocalcin and beta-CTX concentrations in patients older than 40 years were much lower than in patients younger than 40 (p=0.009, p=0.01, respectively). Beta-CTX was strongly correlated with bone-alkaline phosphatase (r=0.625, p=0.00), osteocalcin (r=0.698, p=0.00), and PTH (r=0.648, p=0.00). Conclusions: Beta-CTX is another convenient, significant marker for evaluating renal osteodystrophy.


To eradicate endemic plague in the Cumbum valley, Madras, 19 villages and hamlets around Cumbum town have been fumigated with cyanogas. The enquiry is being conducted by the Research Health Officer, Madras, under the auspices of the Indian Research Fund Association. Fumigation of the villages every quarter consistently for a few years is recommended. Over 200,000 rat holes and 6,000 cracks in walls in 25,000 houses were fumigated. As many as 6,000 Rattus rattus, 300 bandicoots, 9,000 house mice, 100 musk rats and 20 snakes were picked up dead or dying during these operations. Rodents examined in the laboratory numbered about 12,000, 42 proving positive to plague. About 100 carcasses from various villages were examined and over 50 were positive. Using bone


Higher education bodies should reconnect with examining boards to boost scientific literacy and ensure undergraduates are better prepared, says Alan Wilson


A building-integrated wind turbine system using locally available energy source utilizing building skin is proposed. Using a unique device named guide vane, the proposed system effectively concentrate blowing wind flows into the rotor. Wind tunnel tests were performed to verify a performance of the guide vane and wind was augmented effectively passing through the system. Finally, an experiment using the prototype including the Savonius rotor was conducted. As a result, it is demonstrated that the proposed system increases a power coefficient of the wind turbine so feasibility of the proposed system is verified.


The genetic diversity of 10 Pinus tabulaeformis natural secondary forest populations in northern China and the correlation with environmental factors were analyzed by using ISSR molecular marker techniques.250 individuals were amplified 137 bands by using 13 ISSR primers.The average percentage of polymorphic loci is 60.72%,and there is significant difference between different populations with the highest value in BTM group(71.53%) and the lowest value in YLG group(51.09%).Expected heterozygosity index and Shannon′s information index(I) individually range from 0.2824—0.3702 and 0.1923—0.2490 respectively between different geographic populations,and their average values are 0.3210 and 0.2165 respectively.The genetic variety between different populations are 37.53% of total genetic diversity.Among 10 P.tabulaeformis natural populations,genetic distances range from 0.083(LKS to CJC) to 0.2939(SDC to DWP),geographic distances range form 110.9252 km(LKS to SDC) to 1741.0933 km(YWL to YLG).Genetic distance and geographic distance are uncorrelated in the Mantel test(r=0.069,P=0.360).UPGMA clustering analysis showed that YWL,LKS,CJC,YLGY and SDC populations were a group,and MS population was clearly separated from other populations,and the other four populations were clustered into a group.The populations located in the boundary of the second and the third topography steps of China(YWL、BTM、YLGY) have a high level of genetic diversity,and the populations in critical distribution areas have a low level.The correlation analysis of genetic diversity and environmental factors showed that allele number and polymorphic percentage of natural populations were a significant positive correlation with the annual average temperature,the average temperature in January,the extreme minimum temperature,and were significant negative correlation with altitude.With increasing annual maximum temperature and the altitude,decreasing in annual rainfall,Shannon′s information index rises.Finally,get a result that the molecular variation of P.tabulaeformis natural secondary forest population have partly geographical variation.


We have previously identified genes for four different protease inhibitors (PIs) that were induced upon rice blast infection in a rice blast resistant mutant SHM-11. Our expression analysis of the PIs indicated that induction of the PIs was the highest 24 hr after rice blast inoculation in the rice mutant SHM-11. Three PIs in the group of serine PIs were highly expressed while a cystein PI was weakly expressed upon rice blast inoculation. Four PIs were weakly induced 48 hr after pathogen inoculation in rice blast susceptible wild type rice plant. The simultaneous expression of three serine PIs was apparent from SHM-11 and two of them were induced in rice blast resistant Taebaegbyeo. One of them was induced in rice blast resistant Hwayeongbyeo while none of them were expressed in rice blast susceptible Nagdongbyeo and rice blast resistant Dongjinbyeo. Our results suggest that the expression of PI gene is rice cultivar specific and may be linked with the rice blast resistance in a specific rice mutant by the simultaneous expression of the PI genes.


This chapter considers the racial implications of object-based pedagogy at the Hampton Normal and Agricultural Institute in Virginia. At Hampton, African American and Native American students were taught via a variation of object lessons and were referred to as living object lessons. At Hampton, this metaphor was employed to argue for the economic and political citizenship of its graduates and other educated African Americans and Native Americans, based on their appearances rather than their inherent civil rights. Object lessons were closely related to the school's manual labor philosophy. This allowed the approach to be adapted for young children attending Hampton's practice schools as well as for its own students. For example, the Kitchen Garden, a variation of object lessons organized around manual training and modeled on kindergarten, trained young children to become domestics. This chapter employs the photographs of Frances Benjamin Johnston, among other historical sources, to explore these topics.


The flow in a burst pipe is analyzed by treating it as flow out of a vessel having a large aperture. Lumped system approximation of the flow permits the application of mass oscillation equations. Rupture simulation outlined in the paper is applied to high head penstocks and water supply mains. The study shows that peak rupture velocity attains a value as high as 2.5 times the steady state velocity. Although the flow out of the rupture is uncontrolled, the boundary friction of the pipeline and its profile seem to have a significant influence. An inexpensive technique such as the simulation described in the paper is expected to provide an economical basis for sizing the air inlet valves and ascertaining the performance of emergency valves provided in the pipelines.


The subject of interest in the article are the handwritten newspapers of Teodor Ostrowski from 1782. The aim of the presented analyses was to examine the basic category of truth for the information (press) releas and to indicate its linguistic exponents. The analyses adopted a mediolinguistic perspective, referred to the semantics and pragmatics of truth combined with the field of press texts and to the concept of the "factual pact". As typical exponents of credibility, reliability, striving for truth, they appear in the analyzed newspapers written, among others: lexem prawda and collocations with modal adjectives (prawda nieomylna, prawda niezawodna); lexemes wiadomość, nowina, pogłoska (used to express belief in the truthfulness of data and to vary the degree of reliability); the verb prawdzić się (used to denote the process of reaching the truth), lexemes and word constructions referring to the sources of obtained information.


In this paper, we propose an automatic robot-rat interaction framework that enables a robotic rat to realize real-time localization, tracking and movement analysis of a laboratory rat. Specifically, we combine an object detector with stereo matching to achieve fast localization of the laboratory rat. Combined with the rat-like motion of the robot, one-step tracking of the rat is achieved, which enables the robot to eliminate last location error in one cycle of visual servo control. When positioning the rat, a unified quantitative description and analysis of rat motion is implemented by using a state vector composed of the centroids of head, body and tail. Preliminary robot-rat interaction tests show that the robot achieved a steady tracking of a fast-moving rat for a duration of 10 minutes. To the best of our knowledge, it is the first time that a rat-sized robot achieves a continuous tracking of actual rats by a built-in miniature stereo vision system. Experimental results show that the sequence of state vectors accurately represents the pitch movement of the rat. Thus, this work is a step toward more natural interaction between robots and animals.


The incidence of ischemic stroke in the middle cerebral artery(MCA)territory is high.Despite intravenous thrombolytic therapy with recombinant tissue type plasminogen activator(rt-PA)can be used at the early stage, the patients seldom gain benefits from that, and the morbidity and mortality stay high.In order to provide evidence for optimizing early identification and clinical treatment of patients at high risk of ischemic stroke, this article reviewed the current state of science and technology regarding prognosis-influencing factors for ischemic stroke of the middle cerebral artery territory, such as stroke pathogenesis, the length and site of vessel occlusion, the collateral circulation and lesion patterns, initial symptoms and clinical intervention, and other related indexes after thrombolysis.

Key words:
Brain infarction; Middle cerebral artery; Thrombolytic therapy; Prognosis


An apparatus for processing an input data stream having an input frame sequence, the device, the input data based stream and a predetermined replication rate, the processing unit for generating an output data stream as a trick-play stream having an output frame sequence When, and a timing unit for assigning a timing information based on the timing information of the input frame sequence to the output frame.


The effects of intercritical annealing and subcritical tempering on the mechanical properties and corrosion resistance of mild steel were studied. It was revealed that intercritical annealing followed by quenching resulted in the development of a ferritic-martensitic dual phase (DP) microstructure with high tensile strength, disappearance of the yield-point phenomenon, superior work-hardening behavior, and decreased corrosion resistance. Subsequent tempering of the intercritically annealed steel resulted in the formation of carbide particles in a tempered martensitic microstructure, which led to the decline of the strength and hardness, reappearance of the yield-point elongation, and enhanced corrosion resistance. Accordingly, this work demonstrated the possibility of controlling the mechanical properties and corrosion resistance of commercial mild steels by simple heat treatments.


The invention discloses a sleeve-type underground embedded object wireless-transmission automatic early warning system. The sleeve-type underground embedded object wireless-transmission automatic early warning system comprises an identification tape, a safe switchover rope, sensing and early warning devices, a sleeve and a cellar well, wherein the sensing and early warning devices are fixed to the safe switchover rope, and holes are formed in the position, within one meter in front of each sensing and early warning device, and the position, within one meter at back of each sensing and early warning device. When an underground embedded object leaks, leakages reach to the monitoring range of the sensing and early warning devices through the holes, so that automatic early warning of leakage conditions of the underground embedded object is realized. When the sensing and early warning devices break down and need replacing, all the sensing and early warning devices can be pulled out of the sleeve as long as the safe switchover rope is pulled out from one end, where the broken-down sensing and early warning devices are located, of the sleeve at the cellar well, and then the safe switchover rope with the other end lengthened is pulled back to the original position after the broken-down sensing and early warning devices are replaced. The sleeve-type underground embedded object wireless-transmission automatic early warning system realizes automatic early warning, and the sensing and early warning devices are convenient to replace at the same time.


To provide references for industrial production of polysaccharides from the root of D.pernyi,a uniform experiment design was conducted to compare the optimum conditions of extracting polysaccharides from the root of D.pernyi by hot water extraction method and ultrasonic method and polysaccharides yield.Results:1)the optimum conditions of hot water extraction method included extraction temperature of 90C,extraction time of 180 min and solid-liquid ratio of 1 :15,that of ultrasonic method included extraction temperature of 80C,extraction time of 10min,extraction power of120Wand solid-liquid ratio of 1∶40.The polysaccharide yield reached 27.43% and 26.55%respectively under the two methods.2)Under the two extraction methods,the polysaccharide structure was not destroyed,the polysaccharide yield had no significant difference,but ultrasonic method was of short extraction time and rapid extraction speed.Consequently,it was suggested to extract polysaccharides from the root of D.pernyi by ultrasonic method in industrial production with considering saving time and decreasing the costs.


Instant character parameter of signals derives from the analytic signals after hilbert transformation,the capture of complete information of signals request exact and high-speed hilbert transformation. This paper optimizes hilbert transformation with both algorithm and hardware structure as a result of 50% resource saved and validation of emulator is done. It is realized the algorithms can be used in real-time system of signals modulation recognition.


— ICERD is a term that has shocked Malaysia and has been a major focus of Malaysians, especiallythe Malays in recent years. It is associated with the privileges of the landlords to Malaysia formerly knownas Malaya and probably could destabilize Islam as the official religion. In the wake of international decisionmaking under the auspices of the United Nations, there has been a suggestion by the Malaysian governmentthat the ICERD be adopted as a pillar of nationalism in celebrating religious, racial and ethnic diversity.However, the proposal was rejected by those who viewed the supremacy of a nation's sovereignty. This isbecause the principle of ICERD is capable of making landlords an immigrant, or it is capable of impartingthe rights of every religion in a country. This study is qualitative by using a library study method. The datain this study are from classical and contemporary Islamic sources. Researchers analyzed data obtained usingcontent analysis approach. This study aimed to analyze the issue of ICERD in the context of internationaldeclarations, aspects of Malay supremacy, to do with Islam and the implications of its ratification in theMalaysian context. The study found that the consideration of Sharia and matters involving Islam as theofficial religion of Malaysia shall be paramount in assessing the extent of the impact of the ratification ofICERD to the sovereignty of Islam, the Malay supremacy and privilege. This study is expected to help thegovernment, politicians and individuals who are involved with the legislature to purify the issues and findsolutions related to ICERD in Malaysia.


In many problems encountered in science and engineering, the utilization of the data arrays having more than two indices, also called matrices, can be more useful to express the data under consideration, since this fact enables us to use linear algebraic facilities. This circumstance gives an important role to the multi-way array decomposition methods in multi-way array analysis. Based upon this idea, we try to bring a new vantage point for the multi-way array decomposition in this work. To this end, we also revived the benefits of Enhanced Multiway Product Representation and Fluctuationessless Theorem which are developed recently.


Consider a reflected random walk Wn+1 = (W-n +X-n)(+), where X-o, X-1,... are i.i.d. with negative mean and subexponential with common distribution F. It is shown that the probability that the maximum within a regenerative cycle with mean mu exceeds x is approximately mu (F) over bar(x) as x --> infinity, and thereby that max (W-o,..., W-n) has the same asymptotics as max(X-o,...,X-n) as n --> infinity. In particular, the extremal index is shown to be theta = 0, and the point process of exceedances of a large level is studied. The analysis extends to reflected Levy processes in continuous time, say, stable processes. Similar results are obtained for a storage process with release rate r(x) at level x and subexponential jumps (here the extremal index may he any value in [0, infinity]); also the tail of the stationary distribution is found. For a risk process with premium rate r(x) at level x and subexponential claims, the asymptotic form of the infinite-horizon ruin probability is determined. It is also shown by example [r(x) = a + bx and claims with a tail which is either regularly varying, Weibull- or lognormal-like] that this leads to approximations for finite-horizon ruin probabilities. Typically, the conditional distribution of the ruin time given eventual ruin is asymptotically exponential when properly normalized. (Less)


The production of colony-stimulating factors (CSF) is delicately controlled through a complex network of humoral and environmental factors. We have studied some of the mechanisms which regulate the production of CSF as compared to general protein synthesis in the lung tissue ill vitro. When lung tissue from mice was cultured for various times in serum free medium, the first detectable level of CSF activity in the lung conditioned medium (LCM) appeared 6 hr after initiation of the culture, continued to rise until 24 hr, and then levelled off for several days. Under similar conditions protein synthesis did not level off, but continuously rose after 24 hr. When the lung tissue which had been cultured previously for 6,24, or 4X hr was recultured in fresh tissue culture medium, de IIOVO synthesis of CSF occurred as judged by CSF synthesis inhibition and stimulation studies. The amount of new CSF synthesized by these tissues decreased as the initial culturing period increased from 6 to 4X hr. There was also a decrease in the amount of total protein synthesis and release in the secondary lung cultures as a function of the initial culturing period. Endotoxin stimulation of 24 or 4X hr cultured lung tissues (plateau phase tissue) resulted in de IIOVO synthesis of CSF by these tissues. However, when fresh lung tissue was cultured in 24 or 4X hr LCM, no new CSF was produced by the fresh tissues, while under similar conditions, protein synthesis by these tissues was significant as judged by double-labelling experiments. On the other hand, n hr LCM was able to support both CSF production and protein synthesis by fresh lung tissues. The results suggest at least two distinct regulatory systems controlling CSF production by the lung ill vitro: 1Aging which is responsible for general and nonspecific decrease in the rate of protein synthesis and CSF production in this system, and 2-Feedback regulation of CSF production by the level of CSF which is formed in the LCM. MJIRI, Vol. 8, No.3, 177-182, 1994.


For many years, a manned mission to Mars has been a challenge for humanity. However, the recent technological advances in human factors and space systems engineering may overcome these limitations. Thus, there are some strategies to face various medical emergencies autonomously due to long distances and hostile conditions in order to develop healthcare monitoring and ensuring the safety of the astronauts. For this reason, an innovative research has been conducted from 2020 to 2021 under the supervision of the Bioastronautics & Space Mechatronics Research Group, resulting in this proposed project, which is a sensorized glove for medical emergencies controlling the rover developed by the Team "Tharsis" from the Universidad Nacional de Ingeniería, winner of the Technology Challenge Award for Wheel Design and Fabrication at the 7th Annual NASA Human Exploration Rover Challenge. In addition, the glove has a soft robotic hand exoskeleton with the purpose of fracture stabilization and to prevent future complications. This study presents a mechatronics conceptual design based on biomechanical fundamentals of the hand, where Fusion 360 was used for 3D mechanical systems development and Eagle for electrical and electronic circuit technical schematics, besides telecommunications and telerobotics protocols are analyzed. The "BIOX-GLOVE" is pretended to be applied on the Martian surface during extravehicular activities-EVA and also, on Earth in a Mars environment analogue and rehabilitation hospitals. In conclusion, favorable results were achieved; consequently, the next step of this project is to start the detailed engineering design in July 2021, and it is proposed to develop the prototype and perform the first test in a Martian analog.


This research includes synthesis of new 5-Nitro isatin derivatives started from 5-Nitro-3-(Ethyl imino acetate)-2-oxo indol, namely 5-Nitro-3-(imino acetohydrazide)-2-oxo indole (1); 5-Nitro-3-[(iminoacetyl) phenylsemi carbazide]-2-oxo indole (2); 5-Nitro-3-[(imino acetyl) phenylthiosemicarbazide]-2-oxo indole (3); and 5-Nitro-3-[(imino aceto) N,N-di methyl urea]-2-oxo indole (4). The derivatives were characterized by using FTIR, 1 H-NMR, 13 C-NMR and C.H.N.S analysis with the measurement of some physical properties. Quantum mechanical method of the Density Functional Theory (DFT) of B3LYP with a level of 6-311++G (2d, 2p) were used for calculating the geometrical structure, physical properties and inhibition efficiency parameters, all were studied at the equilibrium geometry in four media (vacuum, DMSO, ETOH and H 2 O). The theoretical results showed that compound (2) is the best corrosion inhibitor among the others. Finally, the corrosion protectiveness, kinetics, and thermodynamics of the prepared compound (2) effect on C-steel in 3.5% NaCl solutions had been studied using the potentiodynamic polarization, SEM (Scanning Electron Microscopy) and AFM (Atomic Force Microscopy) measurements. Keywords: 5- nitro isatin, Schiff bases, Corrosion inhibitors, Quantum chemical calculations, electrochemical measurements.


Finding efficient means of fingerprinting microstructural information is a critical step towards harnessing data-centric machine learning approaches. A statistical framework is systematically developed for compressed characterisation of a population of images, which includes some classical computer vision methods as special cases. The focus is on materials microstructure. The ultimate purpose is to rapidly fingerprint sample images in the context of various high-throughput design/make/test scenarios. This includes, but is not limited to, quantification of the disparity between microstructures for quality control, classifying microstructures, predicting materials properties from image data and identifying potential processing routes to engineer new materials with specific properties. Here, we consider microstructure classification and utilise the resulting features over a range of related machine learning tasks, namely supervised, semi-supervised, and unsupervised learning. The approach is applied to two distinct datasets to illustrate various aspects and some recommendations are made based on the findings. In particular, methods that leverage transfer learning with convolutional neural networks (CNNs), pretrained on the ImageNet dataset, are generally shown to outperform other methods. Additionally, dimensionality reduction of these CNN-based fingerprints is shown to have negligible impact on classification accuracy for the supervised learning approaches considered. In situations where there is a large dataset with only a handful of images labelled, graph-based label propagation to unlabelled data is shown to be favourable over discarding unlabelled data and performing supervised learning. In particular, label propagation by Poisson learning is shown to be highly effective at low label rates. The supplementary code is available on GitHub [1].


Background: Since December 2019, the Covid-19 pandemic has pushed mankind into a whirlpool of fear, anxiety, and uncertainty. There has been a 'Covidization'of medical literature. Despite abundant studies on immediate mental health impacts, there is a dearth of literature on work related to delayed impacts of Covid-19 on mental health. This facet of delayed   mental health impacts needs characterization and quantification, for, putting in place a framework of working guidelines to tackle such mental health issues in case of any future  health catastrophes
Aim: To gauge the delayed mental health impacts on the inmates who were discharged from a confinement facility in Kashmir. The interactions were conducted on mobile phones.
Methods: A primary care physician and his associates, who were actively involved in the care of inmates  at  the  confinement  facility,  followed  up  the  consenting  inmates  at 6-8 weeks after discharge by way of mobile call interactions. Questionnaire-based thematic queries were put to the participants and responses were recorded. This confinement facility was an isolation–quarantine 'Covid Care' Centre of Associated Hospital, Government Medical College, Baramulla in North Kashmir for most months of the year 2020.
Results:  The data was collected, collated and analyzed. Various qualitative and quantitative inferences were generated. Certain suggestions/ recommendations were also presented.


Nanosized γ-Fe 2O3 is one of the most remarkable iron(III) oxide polymorph with extensive applications in practice. However, its exploitation in nanosized form is limited by presence of parasitic magnetic phenomena emerging if the size of γ-Fe 2O3 nanoobjects falls below a certain threshold value. One of them is a spin canting negatively reflecting in a capability of these nanoobjects to be easily controlled by an external magnetic field. Knowledge of all parameters affecting spin canting may shed light into understanding of this parasitic phenomenon, thus enabling its prevention. For a study of spin canting, in-field 57 Fe Mossbauer spectroscopy is widely recognized as the most powerful experimental tool allowing qualitative and quantitative determination of the degree of this phenomenon. In this work, we study the parameters having an impact on spin canting phenomenon occurring in the two γ-Fe 2O3 nanoparticle systems exhibiting different average particle size and particle size distribution. It turns out that the spin canting phenomenon significantly depends on the temperature and its thermal evolution is influenced by average particle size and particle size distribution of a γ-Fe 2O3 nanoparticle assembly. For smaller nanoparticles, diminishing of spin canting is assisted by collective magnetic excitations. Moreover, we propose a statistically-based procedure testing the nature and site-occurrence of spin canting phenomenon in the studied γ-Fe 2O3 nanoparticle systems. The presented approach, combining physical and statistical methods, could bring a more sophisticated picture of spin canting phenomenon in all magnetic nanosystems.


This article describes a case of a 'spiritual attack' in the context of Amazonian ayahuasca ceremonies. These attacks are often assumed to be imaginary, and there is relatively little information available about them. Specifically, there appears to be no documentation about possible mechanisms of action for these attacks. Subjectively, they typically appear as context-dependent visions or somatic sensations that represent disease-inducing or lethal interventions from an external hostile party. Such 'spiritual attacks' could tentatively be conceptualized as subjective mental representations of fundamental disagreements between two parties. 'Defenses' against these attacks might then consist of methods for maintaining stability and resolving the associated negative affects. This discussion could facilitate an improved understanding of this rarely documented, difficult-to-conceptualize phenomenon.


In studying or designing parallel and distributedsystems one should have available a robust analyticalmodel that includes the major parameters thatdetermines the system performance. Jackson networkshave been very successful in modeling parallel anddistributed systems. However, Jackson networks havetheir limitations. In particular, the product-form solutionof Jackson networks assumes steady state andexponential service centers with certain specializedqueueing discipline. In this paper, we present aperformance model that can be used to study thetransient behavior of parallel and distributed systemswith finite workload. When the number of tasks to beexecuted is large enough, the model approaches theproduct-form of Jackson networks (steady state solution).We show how to use the model to analyze theperformance of parallel and distributed systems. Wealso use the model to show to what extent the product-formsolution of Jackson networks can be used.


Dehydroabietylamine-linked Schiff bases 1-3 have been synthesized, characterized and deployed in metal ion sensing in sol-gel medium. The compounds show propensity to the gel formation in aqueous organic solvents and...


The longitudinal stability of the UAV of the container start of the aerodynamic scheme "tandem", at the start from the transport container, is studied. Modeling by the methods of computational aerodynamics shows that such a UAV is unstable at angles of rotation of consoles to 60 ° and stable - at large angles of rotation. In the full-scale experiment it was established that in the range of exit velocities 12 ... 14 m / s, take-off masses of UAV 1.8 ... 3.1 kg, the rate of configuration change during the time 0.2 ... 0.3 s longitudinal stability is ensured during the transition from transport to cruising configuration.


The literature on the politics of international business has many of the marks of an academic fashion: it continues to grow rapidly from a low point; it has seen the entry of conflicting ideological traditions into its debates; and it contains a stream of polemical works. Despite these indications of intellectual modishness it also represents something more substantial: an attempt to understand very important and puzzling changes which have occurred in the international system in recent years.


The study is designed to look at the problems and seek for measures to improve in operating crowdfunding. The study was based on literature resarch. Theses, law enactment and public hearing materials, materials presented by the Financial Supervisory Service and recently reported articles through media in relation to crowdfunding have been collected and analyzed. The study sorted problems and measures to improve in operating crowdfunding. As types of donation, reward and lending are not clearly stipulated on 「Financial Investment Business and Capital Markets Act」, problems caused from conflicting with「Act on the Collection and Use of Donations」, 「Acton the Consumer Protection in the Electronic Commerce Transactions」, and 「Act on Registration of Credit Business and Protection of Finance Users」, advertising restriction, resale restriction, setting of the upper limit on investment, complexity in the process of securities based crowdfunding, absence of information on issuer, lack of a wide range of restrictions and others can be presented. Measures were sought to solve such problems. Globally the volume of crowdfunding is getting bigger. Therefore, in order to make smooth operation of crowdfunding, such contents should be reflected to improvement in revising related laws in the future, which could lead to the growth of crowdfunding as well as smooth operation. In addition, it will be more spotlighted as a new and alternative financing method in entrepreneur.


We describe the prevalence and prognostic significance of heart failure (HF) complicating acute coronary syndromes (ACS) in patients enrolled in the Gulf Registry of Acute Coronary Events (Gulf RACE).


The methods of analytical data processing used for support information tasks for managing the security of territories are considered. The problem of data availability for operating analytics is investigated. The use of end-to-end decision-making support technologies in different territorial management tasks is shown. Identification of environmental and anthroposphere parameters by using the developed regulatory values is the basis for early response to hazards. Risk assessment using comprehensive data analysis is used to justify priority measures to improve the safety of the territories. The use of OLAP, Data Mining, Machine Learning to jointly processing Big Data of monitoring, hazard event catalogs and territory features allows quickly and effectively preventing threats to people life.


Performance, scalability, and resilience to variability of Si SOI FinFETs and gate-all-around (GAA) nanowires (NWs) are studied using in-house-built 3-D simulation tools. Two experimentally based devices, a 25-nm gate length FinFET and a 22-nm GAA NW are modeled and then scaled down to 10.7- and 10-nm gate lengths, respectively. A TiN metal gate work-function granularity (MGG) and line edge roughness (LER) induced variability affecting OFF and ON characteristics are investigated and compared. In the OFF-region, the FinFETs have over an order of magnitude larger OFF-current that those of the equivalent GAA NWs. In the ON-region, the 25/10.7-nm gate length FinFETs deliver 20/58% larger ON-current than the 22/10-nm gate length GAA NWs. The FinFETs are more resilient to the MGG and LER variability in the subthreshold compared to the GAA NWs. However, the MGG ON-current variability is larger for the 10.7-nm FinFET than that for the 10-nm GAA NW. The LER ON-current variability depends largely on the RMS height; whereas a 0.6-nm RMS height yields a similar variability for both FinFETs and GAA NWs. Finally, the industry preferred 〈110〉 channel orientation is more resilient to the MGG and LER variability in both architectures.


Urban spatial geometric morphology is one of the key factors that results in air temperature variance between urban and suburban sites or at different urban positions. Considering the Adelaide central urban area of South Australia as study area and using urban digital elevation model (DEM) data with a high spatial resolution and field measurement meteorological data, this study estimated the sky view factor (SVF), frontal area index (FAI), and accumulated absorbed solar irradiation (AASI) from the land surface; these parameters were used to discuss the influence of the land surface on air temperature and urban heat island (UHI) under a optimal scale. The results indicate that urban spatial morphological parameters of the visually neighbouring positions display an obvious effect on the spatial-temporal air temperature variance. The degree of influence of AASI on air temperature variance during daytime increases with the solar elevation angle. A difference was noted between the influence of SVF and FAI on the urban heat island at different times in summer and winter, in which the influence of SVF and FAI on nocturnal UHI is more significant, whereas the relationship during daytime is complex.


Generally, an intertrack interference (ITI) is a critical problem in bit-patterned magnetic recording (BPMR) systems that can attain an areal density (AD) up to 4 Tb/in2. Unavoidably, at high ADs, a very narrow track width must be employed, leading to severe ITI and unacceptable system performance. To tackle the ITI; therefore, this article introduces a novel ITI suppression technique for coded dual-track dual-head (DTDH) BPMR systems. At the first turbo iteration, the weighted readback signal of the adjacent track served as an estimated ITI signal is utilized for subtracting from the target readback signal to subside the ITI effect, before passing the refined readback signal to a turbo equalizer. Nonetheless, for the second turbo iteration onwards, the estimated ITI signal generated by the soft information obtained from a decoder at each turbo iteration will be then employed to subtract from the target readback signal during the turbo decoding process. Computer simulation results demonstrate that the proposed system can provide better performance than the DTDH system using a hard ITI suppression technique as well as the conventional system using one read head to decode one data track for all ADs, because the proposed technique can estimate the ITI signal well. Furthermore, when considering the recording system under the effects of media noise and track mis-registration, we also found that the proposed system is more robust than other systems.


Why a theory of health-care needs? A theory of health-care needs should serve two central purposes. First, it should illuminate the sense in which many of us think health care is special and should be treated differently from other social goods. A theory of health-care needs should show how these needs are connected to other central notions in an acceptable theory of justice. It should help us see what kind of social good health care is by properly relating it to social goods whose importance is similar and for which we may have a clearer grasp of appropriate distributive principles. Second, such a theory should provide a basis for distinguishing the more from the less important among the many kinds of things health care does for us. It should tell us which health-care services are more special than others – which is why I start with a theory of needs, not services. Thus a broad category of health-services functions to improve quality of life, not to extend or save it. Some of these services restore or compensate for diminished capacities and functions; others improve life quality in other ways. We do draw distinctions about the urgency and importance of such services (though not always in these terms). Our theory of healthcare needs should provide a basis for a reasonable set of such distinctions.


This paper analyses Davidson's conception of the norms of rationality which govern, according to him, the interpretation of mind and action. While I accept Davidson's thesis that there are norms of the mental, I disagree with him on their scope. It is argued that there are much more specific norms for concepts, and that belief in partiuclar is governed by a norm of truth


Bligon and Kejobong are Indonesian local goat breeds which are highly potential to be developed due to their good
performances. The problem commonly arise in goat fattening is feed supply which is less than the requirement
as it is depends on season. Therefore, the study on alternative feed stuffs that can fulfill the needs of the animal,
for instance nutrient contents and its quality as well as its availability in area of goat reared is needed. One of
the potential feedstuff for goat was agriculture by products such as peanut straw which is easy to find during
harvesting time. Usually farmers use agriculture by products such as peanut straw as sole diet for ruminant. The
question is that the diet can fulfill N requirement of the ruminants. Ruminant require protein in the diet to supply
N for rumen microbes activity and for animal tissue metabolism. Microbial requirement are met at 6-8% crude
protein in the diet while animal requirement range from 7-20% in the diet depending upon species, sex, and
physiological status ( Huston, and Pinchak, 2016)
Measurement of Nitrogen (N) balance is a useful and accurate method to evaluate the nutrient quality of feedstuff,
especially the values of nitrogen to ruminants. The method were used to evaluate the multipurpose trees which
may suitable for feed supplements (Jetana et al. 2010), to evaluate the effect of physical treatments of feedstuff
on N utilization (Mbewe, et al. 2014). The method also used to evaluate the response of different species (Yusiati
et al., 2000) and different breed (Elamin, et al., 2012, Yusiati et al., 2015) of ruminants to feedstuff or diets offered
in order to increase efficiency of livestock production.
Based on the review, it is necessary to evaluate a single feed from peanuts straw to supply protein requirement of
goats, either Bligon or Kejobong, using nitrogen balance experiment.


Multi-scale object detection in natural scenes is still challenging. To enhance the multi-scale perception capability, some algorithms combine the lower-level and higher-level information via multi-scale feature fusion strategies. However, the inherent spatial properties among instances and relations between foreground and background are ignored. In addition, the human-defined "center-based" regression quality evaluation strategy, predicting a high-to-low score based on a linear relationship with the distance to the center of ground-truth box, is not robust to scale-variant objects. In this work, we propose a Depth-Guided Progressive Network (DGPNet) for multi-scale object detection. Specifically, besides the prediction of classification and localization, the depth is estimated and used to guide the image features in a weighted manner to obtain a better spatial representation. Therefore, depth estimation and 2D object detection are simultaneously learned via a unified network, where the depth features are merged as auxiliary information into the detection branch to enhance the discrimination among multi-scale objects. Moreover, to overcome the difficulty of empirically fitting the localization quality function, high-quality predicted boxes on scale-variant objects are more adaptively obtained by an IoU-aware progressive sampling strategy. We divide the sampling process into two stages, i.e., "statistical-aware" and "IoU-aware". The former selects thresholds for positive samples based on statistical characteristics of multi-scale instances, and the latter further selects high-quality samples by IoU on the basis of the former. Therefore, the final ranking scores better reflect the quality of localization. Experiments verify that our method outperforms state-of-the-art methods on the KINS and Cityscapes dataset.


We have implanted boron ions into films of Fe‐Ni alloy composition. A homogeneous distribution of boron was determined from the sputter Auger analysis with a concentration of 18% and 34% for low‐ and high‐dose implantation, respectively. The resistivity of film was increased by a factor of 2 and 4 as a result of low‐ and high‐dose implantation, respectively. The magnetic properties of these films are studied as a function of annealing temperature by using FMR measurements. Both the uniaxial anisotropy field and FMR linewidth are dramatically decreased as a result of annealing at elevated temperatures. The changes of effective magnetization of these films are strongly dependent on implanted boron concentration.


A persistent challenge to the more widespread use of shape grammars in architectural research is the creation of rules and rule sets for application in design contexts, while leaving space for design creativity despite the limitations of a rule-based system. A hybrid of associative and rule-based approaches may alleviate this. We present one such development, a Grasshopper shape grammar plug-in that embeds a rule-based approach within a parametric modelling environment. It supports shape emergence, visual enumeration of rule application results, and the parametric definition of shapes and shape rules even when selecting a non-parametric rule matching mechanism. Grasshopper's ability to handle geometries and text together allows for external descriptions and labels as attributes to points, enabling definition and application of compound, geometric and description rules. Well-known examples from shape grammar literature are implemented using the plug-in, with a focus on rule definition and application in the context of interaction between the parametric modelling environment and the rule-based interpreter, and simultaneous use of geometry, descriptions, and descriptions as attributes in rules.


We demonstrate a novel experimental scheme generating high-power, higher-order hollow-Gaussian-Beam (HGB) through annihilation of orbital-angular-momentum of the interacting photons in nonlinear process. Also, report a new and only method for characterizing the order of HGBs.


The Bayes maximum entropy conception of multidimensional spectral analysis of wave fields is developed as applied to the problem of the extended object radio image (RI) formation. The conception matches optimally the statistical Bayes approach with the maximum entropy principle taking into account a priori image information. The procedures developed generalize the known methods of the RI formation, which are based on a spatial filtration of periodograms, and characterize the ways of obtaining suboptimal solutions that can be technically implemented.


In RC-active-network techniques, there are two structures which differ in principle: networks using negative-impedance convertors and those using gyrator circuits. Several authors have qualitatively compared their advantages and disadvantages. A method is shown which enables quantitative comparison of both structures to be made and assists in the choice of one of them. Numerical results will be reported later.


Layered  bismuth  sulfide (Bi2S3)  has  emerged  as  an  important  type  of Li‐storage  material  due  to  its  high  theoretical  capacity  and  intriguing  reaction mechanism.  The  engineering  and  fabrication of Bi2S3 materials with  large  capacity and stable cyclability via a facile approach is essential but remains a great challenge. Herein, we employ a one‐pot hydrothermal  route  to  fabricate  carbon  coated Bi2S3 nanomeshes (Bi2S3/C) as an efficient Li‐storage material. The nanomeshes serve as a highly conducting and porous  scaffold  facilitating electron and  ion  transport, while the carbon coating layer provides flexible space for efficient reduction of mechanical


It is argued that campaigners should not repeat the mistakes of five years ago in making a new push for action on paid maternity leave when a prominent feature of the last campaign was the linking of the issue of paid maternity leave with that of low fertility in Australia. The author contends that the linking of these issues proved a weakness of the campaign, and a major cause of its defeat. Three reasons - factual, strategic and philosophical - are suggested for this.


Silicate (Si)-mediated alleviation of salinity toxicity in rice is proposed to occur through a decrease in apoplastic sodium (Na+) transport. This is said to decrease shoot Na+ accumulation, a commonly proposed salt tolerance strategy. To investigate this, salttolerant (Pokkali) and salt-sensitive (IR29) rice cultivars were grown in 0 or 1.67 mM Si over a range of Na+ concentrations, and cultivar-specific effective concentrations of Na+ at which shoot fresh weight was decreased by 50% were determined. Within this experimental framework, salinity tolerance strategies were characterized using the radiotracer 24Na+ along with electrophysiological, photometric, and fluorescent dye measurements. Si treatment was found have no effect on transmembrane ion currents while decreasing shoot Na+ accumulation by over 50% in both cultivars. Si-treated IR29 exhibited lower apoplastic bypass and shoot Na+ flux. In Pokkali, examinations of Na+ influx, efflux, and shoot-to-root recirculation were unable to reconcile differences between shoot Na+ content and tracer-flux analyses.


This article posits artificial intelligence (AI), as applied in instruction, is a more efficient means to old ends and that newer ends can be thought of. In particular, it is argued on the basis of some past research and on the basis of a Vygotskian view, that intelligent computer tools can not only simulate human cognition but, given specific conditions, humans can simulate computer's intelligence. That is, learners can internalize computers' intelligent tools and use them as cognitive ones. Internalization is discussed in terms of cognitive reconstruction of cultural artifacts of particular characteristics — tool-like nature, relative novelty of function, compatibility with learners' schemata, and most importantly — explicitness of operation. The article also discusses learning conditions that might facilitate the process of tool internalization, particularly "high road" learning whereby learners are intentionally mindful of a tool's mode of operation and logic. A preliminary study is briefly described showing that children are capable of internalizing the metacognitive guidance provided by a semi-intelligent Reading Aid and that they show evidence of internalizing the tool's "intelligence" thereby manifesting improved reading comprehension as well as improved essay writing. Four fundamental questions are raised for future research as well as questions of ethics.


This study sought to evaluate the impact of the electronic payment system on financial deepening indicators in Nigeria with particular focus on the popular Automated Teller Machine (ATM). The study adopted the ex-post factor research design and the granger causality tests, correlation analyses combined with other preliminary tests were used. Quarterly time series data for a 6-year-period 2009-2017, collected from the central bank of Nigeria statistical bulletins were used. Ratios of Broad money supply to Gross Domestic Product (M2GDP) and ratio of credit to the private sector to gross domestic product (CPSGDP) were used as the dependent variable and proxies for financial deepening, while the independent variables included volume of automated teller machine transactions, web payment, mobile payment and point of sales respectively. The research findings there exists a bi-directional relationship between automated teller machine transaction (LATM) and private sector credit (LCPSGDP) in Nigeria. Also, a unidirectional relationship between automated teller machine transaction (LATM) and broad money supply (LM2GDP) in Nigeria. The results recorded from the study agree with existing findings and theories and they all agree that there is a relationship between financial deepening and electronic payment channels in the Nigeria. It is therefore recommended that the government should make policies that will improve the use of diverse electronic channels with the aim of strengthening their impact on the degree of financial depth in Nigeria. Additionally, Adequate regulatory architecture should be put in place to ensure that the negative fallouts of the use of electronic payment channels are minimized. This is with the view to making them more acceptable to the people.


We experienced a case of inflammatory pancreatic mass causing a duodenal stenosis. Such cases of duodenal stenosis due to chronic pancreatitis can be seen sometimes, but are uncommon A 53-year-old man had been repeatedly admitted to the hospital because of acute aggravation of chronic pancreatitis. This time he complained of right hypochondralgia and nausea. Various examinations revealed a tumor of the panceas head and a stenosis at the descending part of the duodenum. Based on his long-term clinical course and imagings, a pancreatic mass due to chronic pancreatitis was strongly suspected. However, we could not rule out a possible malignancy and had to entertain a persistent abdominal pain which had been resistant to any medical treatments. A pylorous preserving pancreatoduodenectomy was carried out. The excised specimen revealed no inflammatory findings including edema, cell infiltration, and fibrosis in the duodenal wall. It was thought that an expansive growth of the tumor with pseudocyst of the pancreas head was a probable etiology for the stenosis rather than any organic change of the duodenum.


Arrangement of text, with central photograph of the government satellite tracking station at Tangimoana.
Quantity: 1 b&w photo-mechanical print(s) on poster..
Physical Description: Photolithograph, on sheet 590 x 418 mm.
Provenance: Donated by Nicky Hager in 1998.