Penetrating neck injuries present as serious, life-threatening events which require advanced expeditious management if the patient is to survive without significant morbidity and mortality. In-hospital paradigms for high-volume centres include the use of Foley catheter balloon tamponade to temporarily or definitively control haemorrhage from carotid sheath structures, although these techniques are less commonly deployed in the field. We highlight the case of a 25-year-old male who presented to the ambulance service with three self-inflicted neck wounds – one to each of the zones of the neck. The zone 2 wound had transected the internal jugular vein and also the ipsilateral vertebral artery, causing severe haemorrhage leading to hypovolaemic cardiac arrest in a remote farmhouse location. He was treated with a modified tamponade technique, employing the use of a Rapid Rhino 900™ epistaxis catheter, secured with sutures into the zone 2 wound prior to inflation. This resulted in complete haemostasis, which allowed the patient to be volume resuscitated, anaesthetised and flown by air ambulance to the regional trauma centre. His injuries were treated and his recovery was interrupted only by a transient Horner's syndrome. This report showcases the first time this modification of a well-known in-hospital technique was deployed, which proved life-saving in this case and could be of use to others. We discuss the importance of catheter tamponade techniques as opposed to direct packing, in particular for those who need to be transported either within, between or to the hospital. This is in contradistinction to other authors advocating direct packing as the mainstay of treatment.


Microseismic (MS) signals recorded by sensors are often mixed with various noise, which produce some interference to the further analysis of the collected data. One problem of many existing noise suppression methods is to deal with noisy signals in a unified strategy, which results in low-frequency noise in the non-microseismic section remaining. Based on this, we have developed a novel MS denoising method combining variational mode decomposition (VMD) and Akaike information criterion (AIC). The method first applied VMD to decompose a signal into several limited-bandwidth intrinsic mode functions and adaptively determined the effective components by the difference of correlation coefficient. After reconstructing, the improved AIC method was used to determine the location of the valuable waveform, and the residual fluctuations in other positions were further removed. A synthetic wavelet signal and some synthetic MS signals with different signal-to-noise ratios (SNRs) were used to test its denoising effect with ensemble empirical mode decomposition (EEMD), complete ensemble empirical mode decomposition (CEEMD), and the VMD method. The experimental results depicted that the SNRs of the proposed method were obviously larger than that of other methods, and the waveform and spectrum became cleaner based on VMD. The processing results of the MS signal of Shuangjiangkou Hydropower Station also illustrated its good denoising ability and robust performance to signals with different characteristics.


Reaction of DT type pesticides with anisoie and A1Cl3 in CS2 yielded unsym-tetraarylethylenes (Ar2C=Ar2′), which on photocyclisation yielded phenanthrenes. Further oxidative closure to dibenzo[g,p]chrysenes occurs under conditions that faveur cation radical intermediates. Chromatography of commercial methoxychlor (DMDT) yielded tetraanisylethylene together with minor amounts of the corresponding photo products, 3,6-dimethoxy-9,10-dianisylphenanthrene and 3,6,11,14-tetramethoxydibenzo[g,p]chrysene, as well as other chloroanisylethylenes.


We show that a quantum system may be associated to a backward stochastic process in complex configuration space when the so-called weak value of the position operator is interpreted as a conditional expectation value. The ensemble averaged values of such a stochastic trajectory and the corresponding weak values of a quantum particle are shown to be equivalent. Moreover, the stochastic trajectory is shown to reduce to the correct classical trajectory in the limit where the de Broglie wavelength vanishes.


Generally, software security can be regarded as one of the most important issues in software engineering field since it may affect the software product effectiveness due to the various technological vulnerabilities and menaces. Most traditional software security approaches provide security activities through the software development lifecycle (SDLC) from requirements to design, implementation, testing and deployment. This paper focuses on embedding security concerns in the software development lifecycle (SDLC) using a bottom-up approach that is based on case based reasoning (CBR) paradigm. Thus, we study three high security-focusing cases for software projects, namely "e-shop", "Mobiling" and "intranet" using a structured case study method. Then, we populate these three cases in the proposed framework that is an excerpt of the case project base. Furthermore, this paper identifies the specificity of each case, discusses completeness of the proposed framework and proposes suggestions for improvement. Finally, usages scenarios are defined sustaining the use of the proposed framework.


Objectives: The objective of this review is to determine the effect of hippo therapy on hip angles during stance phase in diaplegic children. Method: Thirty diaplegic cerebral palsied children of both sexes, ranged in age from 9 to 11 years enrolled in this study. They randomly assigned into two groups of equal number; control group (A), study group (B). Group (A) groups received the conventional neurodevelopmental physical therapy plan for such cases. Whereas group (B) received the same conventional physical therapy program in addition to hippo therapy program for 45 minute. All children were assessed before and after the treatment program by using 2D video based gait assessment system to measure the hip angles during stance phase. Results: This study showed a statistically significant improvement in both groups by comparing the mean values of all measured variables before and after treatment. There were significant differences between groups A and B in favor of group B with respect to all assessed variables when comparing the post-treatment outcomes. Conclusion: Our results suggest that hippo therapy program can be included as an alternative therapeutic modality to enhance hip angles in children with spastic diplegia.


Received 28 October 2003; revised 2 April 2004; accepted 21 May 2004; published 6 August 2004. [1] East Africa is a tectonically complex region owing to the presence of a rigid craton, paleothrust belts and shear zones, active magmatism and rifting, and possibly even a mantle plume. We present new splitting results of teleseismic shear phases recorded by 21 broadband seismic stations in Tanzania, seven broadband stations in Kenya, and three permanent broadband Global Seismic Network stations in Kenya and Uganda. Inconsistent apparent splitting is observed beneath the craton and along its southern and southeastern flank in Tanzania. Splitting at stations elsewhere in the rifts and orogenic belts is more consistent. We test between different models of anisotropy for stations with inconsistent splitting (single layer with horizontal fast axis, single layer with dipping fast axis, and two layers with horizontal fast axes). However, we show that these more complicated models do not reasonably explain the data. The data are explained better by a laterally (and/or in some places vertically) varying single-layer model with a horizontal fast axis. We arrive at a conceptual model of anisotropy in Tanzania and Kenya that is controlled by (1) active shear along the base of the plate associated with asthenospheric flow beneath and around the moving craton keel, (2) asthenospheric flow from a plume north of central Kenya, (3) fossilized anisotropy in the lithosphere due to past orogenic events, and possibly (4) aligned magma-filled lenses beneath the rifts. Our most robust conclusion is that we can rule out an extension-induced lattice preferred orientation of olivine as a dominant factor, which is surprising given the long history of extension in the region. This indicates that mantle-lithospheric extension in East Africa occurs via dikeintrusion and/or ductile thinning within narrow rift zones and is possibly facilitated by a mechanical lithospheric anisotropy imparted by fossilized north/south structural or mineralogical fabrics. INDEX TERMS: 7203 Seismology: Body wave propagation; 7218 Seismology: Lithosphere and upper mantle; 8109 Tectonophysics: Continental tectonics—extensional (0905); 8120 Tectonophysics: Dynamics of lithosphere and mantle—general; 8121 Tectonophysics: Dynamics, convection currents and mantle plumes; KEYWORDS: anisotropy, shear wave splitting, extension


AIMS
Nuclear staining for beta-catenin by immunohistochemistry is being used increasingly to diagnose desmoid tumours (deep fibromatoses), especially where the differential diagnosis includes other abdominal spindle cell neoplasms. This study aimed to define the prevalence of beta-catenin positivity in desmoid tumours and other morphologically similar spindle cell neoplasms.

METHOD AND RESULTS
Nuclear beta-catenin expression was evaluated by immunohistochemistry in 270 soft tissue tumours. Nuclear immunopositivity was detected in 80% of cases of sporadic desmoid fibromatosis (24/30) and in 67% of tumours in patients with familial adenomatous polyposis (8/12). Nuclear positivity was also present in 14/25 superficial fibromatoses (56%), 3/10 low-grade myofibroblastic sarcomas (30%), 5/23 solitary fibrous tumours (22%), 1/5 infantile fibrosarcomas (20%), 1/18 desmoplastic fibroblastomas (6%) and 1/21 gastrointestinal stromal tumours (5%). No nuclear immunoreactivity was present in neurofibromas (0/26), schwannomas (0/25), nodular fasciitis (0/19), leiomyosarcomas (0/16), inflammatory myofibroblastic tumours (0/12), fibromas of tendon sheath (0/9), lipofibromatoses (0/5), Gardner fibromas (0/4), calcifying aponeurotic fibromas (0/4) or fibromatosis colli (0/1).

CONCLUSION
Nuclear staining for beta-catenin is supportive, but not definitive, of the diagnosis of desmoid fibromatosis. No significant difference in immunoreactivity was observed between sporadic and familial desmoid fibromatoses. beta-Catenin negativity does not preclude the diagnosis of fibromatosis.


During the first stage of the MR Science Research (from April of 1994 to March of 1999), our MR chemical dynamics team has executed the following three research subjects:(1) optical detection ESR (ODESR) studies of chemical dynamics, (2) magnetic field effects (MFEs) on chemical reactions in solution, and (3) MFEs on excited molecules in the gas phase. In this review, I would like to introduce our main achievements obtained during this period. The members of this team are as follows: Team Leader : Dr. H. Hayashi (RIKEN, 1994-9) Research Subject (1): Dr. Y. Sakaguchi (RIKEN, 1994-9), Dr. K. Kimura (RIKEN, 1994-9), Prof. K. Salikhov (Zavoisky Phys. Tech. Inst., USA, 1996), Prof. T. Lin (Washington Univ., USA, 1998-9), Dr. A. Astachkine (Novosibirsk, Russia, 1995-7), Dr. B. Tadjikov (Novosibirsk, Russia, 1996-7), Dr. J. Woodward (Oxford, UK, 1998-9). Research Subject (2): Dr. M. Wakasa (RIKEN, 1994-9), Dr. K. Nishizawa (RIKEN, 1995-9), Dr. Y. Mori (RIKEN, 1997-8, 1998-9), Dr. M. Igarashi (RIKEN, 1994-9), Dr. H. Abe (National Res. Inst. Metals, 1995-9), Mr. M. Linsenmann (Konstanz, Germany, 1996). Research Subject (3): Dr. H. Abe (RIKEN, 1994-5, 19959), Dr. S. Ikeda (RIKEN, 1994-9), Prof. S. H. Lin (Inst. At. Mol. Sci., Taipei, Taiwan, 1995), Dr. N. Sarkar (Calcutta, India, 1996-1998), Prof. W. Sisk (N. Carolina, USA, 1997-8), Prof. N. Ohta (Hokkaido Univ., 1994-9)


Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to estimate open access penetration ratios through cross‐analysis of existing social context and open access indicators in Latin America.Design/methodology/approach – The following parameters were used to characterize the chosen countries. On one hand, it takes social context indicators like digital opportunity index (DOI), GDP 2007 (Organization for Economic Co‐operation and Development) (www.oecd.org/home/0,3305,en_2649_201185_1_1_1_1_1,00.html), scientific output 2005, and investment in science and technology vs GDP 2004. On the other hand, it analyses open access indicators considering the two main open access strategies – the green and gold routes – and the existing legal framework.Findings – This paper discusses the evolution of DOI and compares with open access parameters (numbers of repositories, number of registries in repositories, DOAJ journals and number of creative commons licences) in the context of scientific information in developing countries in Lati...


It cannot be simply concluded that because an undergraduate nuclear engineering program has access to a higher power research reactor that the number of BS graduates will be proportionately larger than a program whose reactor operates at a much lower power level. What can be concluded is that although smaller in size and capability, low-power research reactors and the nuclear engineering programs they serve provide an important role in producing much-needed nuclear engineers and scientists at the undergraduate level. Designed and built by General Electric primarily as a teaching tool for nuclear engineering education, the nuclear reactor at Worcester Polytechnic Institute (WPI) first began operation in 1959. The reactor power level was upgraded from 1 to 10 kW in 1969, and its 20-yr operating license was renewed in 1983. With the support of DOE funds, the reactor was converted to low-enriched fuel in 1988. Under partial funding from the DOE University Reactor Instrumentation Program, the reactor control console will soon be replaced. Since a small research reactor is an ideal tool for providing basic and intermediate nuclear training, the incorporation of nuclear subjects into traditional disciplines will consequently enhance reactor facility usage. With its continued modernization, the WPI nuclear reactormore » facility will play a key role in meeting nuclear manpower needs while providing excellent and rewarding career opportunities for students in all disciplines for many years to come.« less


In the Houston Problem Book W. T. Ingram posed a problem connecting the confluence of two special partial mappings to the confluence of the original one. We solve this problem and answer one closely related


The disproportionation of aqueous hydrogen peroxide catalyzed by sodium tungstate has been investigated with regard to the multiplicity of the oxygen molecules released. Trapping experiments and detection of the IR luminescence of (1)O(2) have shown that the yield of (1)O(2) is virtually quantitative. The mono-, di-, and tetraperoxotungstate intermediates W(O(2))(n)()O(4)(-)(n)()(2)(-) (n = 1, 2, 4) have been characterized by UV and (183)W NMR spectroscopies. The diperoxo species is proposed as the precursor of (1)O(2).


Background: While the effectiveness of deep brain stimulation (DBS) in alleviating essential tremor (ET) is well-established, the underlying mechanisms of the treatment are unclear. ET, as characterised by tremor during action, is proposed to be driven by a dysfunction in the cerebello-thalamo-cerebral circuit that is evident not only during motor actions but also during rest. Methods: DBS effects on resting-state functional connectivity were investigated by functional MRI in 16 ET patients with fully implanted DBS in the caudal zona incerta during On and Off therapeutic stimulation, in a counterbalanced design. Functional connectivity was calculated between different constellations of sensorimotor as well as non-sensorimotor regions (as derived from seed-based and data-driven approaches), and compared between On and Off DBS. Results: We found that DBS did not modulate resting-state functional connectivity in ET. Conclusions: The lack of DBS modulation during resting-state, in combination with previously demonstrated effects on the cerebello-thalamo-cerebral circuit during motor tasks, suggest an action-dependent modulation of DBS.


How best to introduce computer mediated communication (CMC) technology to kindergarten through grade 12 educators was studied in Maine. Faculty from the University of Southern Maine (Portland) offered a 1-week institute in global computing as part of a 3-credit graduate education course. Participants had tlie entire semester to develop and implement class-based global computing projects. They were expected to communicate with university project staff 10 times during the semester through electronic mail logs. Participants were 35 elementary school and secondary school teachers, librarians, computer coordinators, and administrators, of whom 22 completed questionnaires at the final meeting. Six examples of participant projects are given. Findings indicate that some participants gained enough knowledge and confidence to introduce skills and concepts in their classrooms. The difficulties that prevented many participants from completing their projects were identified. The most noticeable was the anxiety many students displayed at the initial workshop. Several technical problems surfaced related to mainframe use and user support. It was apparent that both the university and the public school systems were not yet prepared to facilitate the entry of these educators into the world of CMC. Seven tables present study findings. (Contains 11 references.) (SLD) *********************************************************************** Reproductions supplied by EDRS are the best that can be made from the original document. *********************************************************************** U DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATFON On, e of F ducahonai Research and Improvement EDUCAVONAL RESOURCES INFORMATION CENTER (ERIC) : Trus document has been reproduced as rece(ved from the Person or organization originattng it Mmor changes have been made to Improve reproductIon quality Pomts of view or opintcr.2 mated in Ints cloctr rnent do not necessarily represent official OE RI posttIon or oottcy Instructing K-12 Teachers in Computer Networking AND K-12 Instructional Practices in Computer Networking: Linking Teachers and Students to the Global Village Henry C. Amoroso, Jr. College of Education Thomas E. MacDonald School of Business, Management, & Economics Leonard J. Shedletsky College of Arts & Sciences Thomas Travers Student, Computer Science University of Southern Maine 96 Falmouth Street Portland, Maine 04103 Paper presented at the Eastern Communication Association Conference New Haven, Connecticut, April 1993 2 BEST COPY AVAILABLE PERMISSION TO REPRODUCE THIS MATERIAL HAS BEEN GRANTED BY Leonard Shedletsky TO THE EDUCATIONAL RESOURCES INFORMATION CENTER (ERIC1.Instructing K-12 Teachers in Computer Networking INTRODUCTION U.S. DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION Office of Educational Research and Improvement EDUCATIONAL RESOURCES INFORMATION CENTER (ERIC) 0 This document has been reproduced at received from the Person Of Organization originating it 0 Minor changes have been made to improve reproduction quality Points of view or opinions stated in this dote. ment do not necessarily represent official OERI position or policy Computer Mediated Communication (CMC), the sending and receiving of information using a personal computer and the telephone system, is booming in colleges and universities. It is expected to promote curriculum exchanges, improve student learning, and reduce feelings of teacher isolation in elementary and secondary schools in the foreseeable future (Merseth,1991: Rei1,1986; Kerr and Hiltz, 1982). It follows that it is important to learn how to teach K-12 educators how to use CMC to further educational objectives. This study was conducted to address the question of how best to introduce CMC technology to K-12 educators. Although the professional literature addresses the appeals of interactive networking for teachers, there has been a paucity of training protocols for the design and implementation of both CMC instructional materials and an instructional design. Nonetheless, research on introducing microcomputers into schools has been frequently characterized by reports of stress and self doubt inherent in the learninig of technical and


Abstract— Incubation of guinea‐pig superior cervical ganglia in 500μ4mUm‐carbachol for 2min increased cyclic GMP levels 530% over control values. The increase was blocked by prior incubation in 300μmatropine. No increase in cyclic GMP levels after incubation in 100 μm‐l‐norepinephrine was observed. Preganglionic physiological stimulation for 8 min at 10 Hz increased cyclic GMP levels 180% over control values. We conclude that both muscarinic cholinergic and preganglionic physiological stimulation increase cyclic GMP levels in guinea pig superior cervical ganglia, while norepinephrine has no effect.


The purpose of this study is to examine how immigrants are portrayed in the Swedish daily newspapers online reporting. The essay investigates in what context immigrants, as individuals, are made vi ...


This collection consists of a single PDF containing all the posters from the Black Literary Suite: Mississippi Renaissance exhibit, as well as the audio commentary for each.


Preliminary studies have shown that hydrophobic materials ZDP "Silicon Polymer" 136-157 M, ETS-32, ETS-40, and a number of their analogs, in contrast to GKZh-11N and GKZh-11K, can withstand excess water pressure of 0.02 MPa when tested for methods developed based on standard methods for determining the water-resistance of concrete and tiles. The authors of the article developed experimental waterproofing liquids 1 K, 2 K, 1 N, and 2 N, based on GKZh-11 N and GKZh-11K. These liquids are ready for use for hydrophobization and silicatization of organosilicon compounds. The depth of penetration of waterproofing liquids into wall materials depends, in addition to the absorbency, on the value of the kinematic viscosity of such liquids. Therefore, the establishment of conditional and kinematic viscosity of waterproofing liquids is one of the tasks set in this article. Conditional (fluidity) and kinematic viscosity, due to their relationship, were determined using viscometers VZ-1, VZ-4, VZ-246, and a ball viscometer.


Education in Australia is driven by measurement of progress. Music education, however, requires students to engage in creative and experiential tasks. This article will address the inevitable conflicts between these two by suggesting that measurements of student work in fine detail can be made within a practical and engaging classroom without resorting to traditional summative testing as the only means of data collection. The pedagogical approach addressed in this article will benefit from further systematic research; however, the initial anecdotal evidence shows that a wide range of data can be collected from a mixture of assessment types that are also engaging, therefore addressing both sides of the conflict. The added benefit is that these data collection tools are simple and quick to operate, even for those who are not formally trained in education. This means that all involved can focus on the important task of music-making, without spending class time recording and analysing data. The data collection tools may have positive impacts at an individual level to track student and teacher progress; at a curriculum level to develop best instruction; at a teaching cohort level to measure consistency; and at a policy level to fulfill the requirements of transparency and accountability.


In periodontics different regenerative techniques exist that can give good aesthetic result, nonetheless, resective surgery continues being a basic treatment which has an excellent clinical outcome. Crown lengthening is used to extend the clinical crown apically, and is probably the most used periodontal surgical technique in conjunction with restorative treatment. Extending the length of the crown by resecting periodontal tissue, improves the maintenance, esthetics, and restorative prognosis in teeth with subgingival fractures, subgingival cavities and where there is an invasion of the dentogingival complex.


In the paper fish protein was hydrolyzed by proteases for preparing fish peptide. The optimum hydrolysis conditions for alcalase are as follows: concentration of fish protein 30%, pH9.0, 50 ℃, ratio of alcalase to fish protein 48 AU/kg, time 120 min. Under these conditions, 76.48%(W/W) of fish peptides with 72.81% purity. Fish peptides with better solubility can be extensively used in the food.


The subject of the research is to study the improvement of the quality of the management process, which is inextricably linked with the digitalization of management activities. The purpose of this work is to develop a simulation model that includes a reference model of an object, which allows analyzing the quality of control of various systems with probabilistic loss of information about the state of the control object. Computer simulation of control systems with a network channel for transmitting information was carried out for various probabilities of loss of information from the measuring device. It was assumed that the transmission of information over a network channel during the quantization period is carried out with a given probability. If the data packet from the measuring device is not transmitted in one quantization cycle to the control device, then it is considered to be lost. The control device processed the incoming information sequentially. It is shown that the developed simulation model allows analyzing the quality of transients of control systems using network stochastic information transmission channels. The examples considered show that a network management system with low probabilities of information loss provides a satisfactory quality of the transition process. However, with an increase in the probability of information loss, the control system without using the reference model of the control object significantly worsens the quality indicators of the control process and may even lose stability. The study showed that the use of a reference model of the control object significantly improves the quality of transients. The innovation of the developed simulation model is in the fact that its development is based on modeling both the probability of losing information about the state of the control object and the reference model of the object itself. Modeling the functioning of the network control system was carried out in the Simulink environment of the Matlab system.


There are several signs that we are between distinct periods in federal policy in relation to Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples in Australia. Following its emergence in 2015, the first and second Turnbull administrations demonstrated an acute case of policy aporia, lacking direction or vision in relation to Indigenous policy. Faced with the Uluru Statement from the Heart in May 2017—the outcome of deliberations by over 250 Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander representatives from across Australia—the Turnbull Government rejected its modest plans as 'too ambitious'.1 This included the proposal for an elected 'First Nations Voice' that would act as an advisory body with far less institutional power than its predecessors, such as the Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Commission (ATSIC) abolished by the Howard Government in April 2004. Since the Uluru Statement, the various federal policy processes built around a proposed referendum on the constitutional recognition of Indigenous peoples have come to a grinding halt. The 'Recognise' advocacy body established to foster public support for such a referendum was quietly folded after receiving $25 million in federal funding over


1 Assistant Prof: Department of surgery and obstetrics. Collage of Veterinary Medicine,BasrahUniversity, Iraq 2 Assistant lecturer: Department of surgery and obstetrics. Collage of Veterinary Medicine, AL-MuthannaUniversity, Iraq 3 Lucturer: Department of surgery and obstetrics. Collage of Veterinary Medicine, Di QarUniversity, Iraq *Corresponding author: email@example.com, 009647712725833 Running title: Cattle pregnancy effectiveness by some factors


2D materials, due to their ultrathin dangling‐bond‐free configuration and excellent electrostatic control, have potential as possible Si‐alternative building blocks for future competitive devices. Exploring 2D electronic materials with suitable band gap and high mobility is key to designing ultra‐scaled devices. The electronic properties and device performance of sub‐10 nm 2D Sb2Te2Se are studied by ab initio quantum‐transport simulations. The results show that 2D Sb2Te2Se, a stable system, possesses an indirect bandgap of 1.01 eV and high electron mobility exceeding 103 cm2 V−1 s−1. Through comparing with the ballistic quantum transports of Sb2Te2Se, the n‐metal‐oxide‐semiconductor field‐effect transistor (MOSFET) exhibits better device performance than p‐MOSFET. In particular, not only can the on‐current of n‐MOSFET with gate length Lg = 9 nm reach as high as 1660 µA µm−1, but its other figures of merit including gate capacity (0.72 fF µm−1), delay time (0.31 ps), and power dissipation (0.37 fJ µm−1) also satisfy the International Technology Roadmap for Semiconductors 2020 requirements. Therefore, 2D Sb2Te2Se could become a potential electronic material for next‐generation nanodevices.


The recent advances in cloud computing have been widely used in different domains and highly employed for designing cloud-based solutions in healthcare. With the could-based solutions, services can be accessed by patients from anywhere using their own mobile phones. In this paper, a cloud-based system is presented as a solution to address the needs of Alzheimer's patients and their caregivers. Those needs are tackled by developing two mobile applications to streamline the care-giving process, and thus act as if the caregiver is always in presence with the patient. The privacy and confidentiality of this problem is also considered using the latest set of technologies available. The proposed solution as a cloud-based system has been proven to be practical, affordable, accurate and efficient.


In recent years, global forests have been facing an increase in tree mortality owing to increasing droughts. However, the capacity for plants to adjust their physiology and biochemistry during extreme drought and subsequent recovery is still unclear. Here, we used 1.5-year-old Pinus massoniana Lamb. seedlings and simulated drought conditions to achieve three target stress levels (50%, 85%, and 100% loss of stem hydraulic conductivity (PLC)), followed by rehydration. Needle water status, gas exchange, and biochemical parameters were assessed during drought and recovery. The results showed that drought had significantly negative impacts on needle water status and gas exchange parameters, with gas exchange declining to 0 after PLC85 was achieved. Soluble protein concentration (SPC), soluble sugar concentration (SSC), malondialdehyde (MDA) content, superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, and needle water-use efficiency showed fluctuations. The activity of antioxidant enzymes and the values of osmotic regulators were then gradually decreased as the physiological and biochemical functions of seedlings were disturbed. Seedlings showed a stronger ability to recover from PLC50 than PLC85 and PLC100. We conclude that the physiological and biochemical recovery of P. massoniana seedlings is more likely to be inhibited when plants experience increasing drought stress that induces 85% and greater loss of hydraulic conductance.


Permeable reactive barriers (PRBs) offer an alternative as opposed to more cost-intensive active water treatment methods, e.g. pump-and-treat. Long-term performance of PRBs has been examined by a consortium of 8 partners in the European project PEREBAR. Research has been focussed on uranium removal from groundwater contaminated by mining activities. Good removal results have been achieved by reducing U(VI) to U(IV) using elemental iron. Possible reaction paths are reductive precipitation and adsorption on to corrosion products of Fe. Uranium concentration can be reduced without changing the oxidation state by producing lowsolubility uranium phosphates, e.g. precipitating uranyl ions with hydroxyapatite (HAP) and so forming autunite Ca(UO2)2(PO4)2 or chernikovite H2(UO2)2(PO4)2. Other possible reaction mechanisms for uranium removal with HAP are ion exchange processes and surface sorption with HAP (on two possible surface groups). Understanding uranium behaviour in contact with the reactive materials is a prerequisite for design and lifetime prediction of permeable reactive barriers containing elemental iron or HAP. As a radioindicator U was applied in this study for tracking uranium movement through a test column without disturbing the system by taking samples or dismantling the apparatus. The experiments enabled to determine the maximum uranium concentration of the reactive materials (approx. 3000 mg/kg). The columns were dismantled after the experiment, and the reactive materials and by-products were analysed. The results are presented and their influence on the long-term performance of PRBs is discussed. A pilot reactive barrier was installed within the project in Pécs (Southern Hungary) and first results from operation are reported. 8th International Congress on Mine Water & the Environment, Johannesburg, South Africa


The present invention relates to image capture apparatus utilizing the method and the same image acquisition can be more detailed image defects planar measurement object surface such as a wafer. Image acquisition method according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a moving means which can move the image acquisition means, the measurement object to obtain an image (image) of the measurement object surface in pixels (pixel) unit of a predetermined size a method for obtaining an image by using a measuring apparatus including, among the measurement target surface by the image acquisition means, and obtaining an image of the first region, moving the measured object by the moving means wherein the step of obtaining an image of the first region and the second region different from said first region and said one of the second region, the differential image by subtracting one of the image from one image other Te obtaining a (differential image), step of superimposing a plurality of times the differential image Characterized in that it comprises a flop.


It is known that software-defined elastic optical networks (SD-EONs) facilitate optical networking that provides better network programmability, more powerful manageability, and more flexible service provisioning capability. Moreover, the hierarchical architecture of multibroker-based multidomain SD-EONs cannot only improve the network scalability but also maintain the autonomy of each administrative domain. In this paper, we study why and how the brokers should cooperate with each other to provision interdomain lightpaths in multibroker-based multidomain SD-EONs. We first formulate a cooperative market in which the brokers negotiate about their market shares (i.e., the opportunities to provision interdomain lightpaths) and seek for a mutual agreement with Nash bargaining [1]. Then, we design a mathematical model to describe the market as well as the brokers' behaviors in it. An effective algorithm is derived from the model to solve the Nash bargaining problem for allocating lightpath requests among the brokers. The proposed algorithm also addresses the resource collision during request provisioning and can achieve collision-free request allocation. Extensive simulations verify the effectiveness of our proposal.


Behavioural analysis in instrumental activities of daily living has become a powerful tool in clinical studies and rises the question of what objects are manipulated by patients. In this paper we present a top-down probabilistic visual attention model for manipulated object recognition in egocentric video content. Although arms often occlude objects and are usually seen as a burden for many vision systems, they become an asset in our approach, as we extract both global and local features describing their geometric layout and pose, as well as the objects being manipulated. We integrate this information in a probabilistic generative model, provide update equations that automatically compute the model parameters optimizing the likelihood of the data, and design a method to generate maps of visual attention that are later used in an object-recognition framework. This task-driven assessment reveals that the proposed method outperforms the state of the art in object recognition for egocentric video content.


We propose two generalisations of the Coulomb potential equation of quantum mechanics and investigate the occurence of algebraic eigenfunctions for the corresponding Scrh¨odinger equations. Some relativistic counterparts of these problems are also discussed.


Many cosmetic and personal care companies are expanding their businesses to include the manufacturing of products with drug claims (e.g., antibacterial soaps, sunscreens). There is growing scrutiny by the FDA on drug-manufacturers to prove that their cleaning validation programs are compliant (i.e., that they prevent crosscontamination and inadvertent microbial load in subsequent products). However, even before addressing cleaning validation, an evaluation of a company's entire cleaning system is needed. This includes evaluating cleaning equipment capabilities, types of soils, test methods, cleaning chemistry and the impact of crosscontamination on subsequent products. The selection of proper cleaning agents is vital, since some soils can be cleaned with water alone or with a commodity cleaner (e.g., NaOH, KOH), while other "difficult-to-clean" soils warrant additional cleaning mechanisms through the use of materials such as surfactants and chelants. This presentation will focus on some of the chemistries used for cleaning mixing tanks and vessels and will provide examples. TRODUCTION In 1993, the FDA issued a guidance document to reinforce cGMP compliance requirements directed towards cleaning validation.  These requirements are aimed primarily at the pharmaceutical industry; however, as the cosmetic and personal care industries continue to expand into new markets, many are becoming manufacturers of both drug and non-drug products. This ongoing product expansion has required some to review and update their cleaning strategies and procedures. The scale-up process, during which the emire manufacturing environment should be taken into account is a strategic point where cleaning procedures can be addressed. The cleaning equipment used varies throughout the industry, including "clean-in-place" systems, agitated immersion, and manual methods. Some companies have equipment dedicated for the manufacturing of products that are classified as drugs, while others have equipment that are used for manufacturing both drug and non-drag products. Some employ grouping strategies, where similar products are made in one manufacturing vessel, and cleaned using one procedure when possible. When evaluating an entire facility, some even extend the same quality approach to all of their cleaning procedures, whether a drug product is manufactured in that tank or not. The underlying purpose is to eliminate residue that can carry over to and contaminate the next (drug) product.


The setting out in survey is a key technique through the whole process of municipal road construction. Introduced hereby are exchange of the result from survey before construction, and the repetitive survey of the centerline and setting out of edge line, especially the layout of the pile fender and mile post, check up and addition of bench marks, survey of the longitudinal and cross sections, etc. during construction, with points for attention during the survey and construction.


Precision spectroscopy of hydrogen-like atoms is a powerful method to study fundamental interactions and constants. In particular, exotic atoms involving muons are useful for a precision test of bound-state QED theory and a search for physics beyond the Standard Model. Several precision spectroscopy projects of muonic systems are in progress at J-PARC, where the highest-intensity pulsed muon beam is provided. The MuSEUM collaboration aims to measure the ground-state hyperfine splitting (HFS) of muonium and determine the muon-to-electron mass ratio. The first phase of the experiment has been started and the microwave resonance of the muonium HFS was successfully observed. Toward solving an unsolved problem in the proton charge radius, laser spectroscopy of muonic hydrogen was newly proposed to measure the ground-state HFS and determine the proton Zemach radius. This experiment is in preparation and a feasibility study was performed.


The present study shows the process of writing with two groups of infant pupils over a three-year period. One of the groups followed the process using a constructivist methodology whereas the other group used the synthetic-alphabetic method. Both groups have similar characteristics in terms of number, socio-economic background and place of residence. The intervening teachers also have a similar teaching background. The results of the investigation point to much higher levels of success for those following the constructivist method.


We compared the corrosion resistance of aluminized steel with that of galvanized steel in acidic, neutral and alkaline solutions with pH value of 2-14 range at room temperature and 60°C.At room temperature, aluminized steel has remarkably superior corrosion resistance in the neutral and acidic solutions with pH less than 8. Especially, this steel is not entirely attacked by immersion for more than one month in the solutions with pH 6-8, and maintains its initial metallic luster. But this steel is attacked remarkably by alkaline solutions with pH value of more than 8.5. Galvanized steel has rather superior corrosion resistance in alkaline solutions of narrow pH value range only from 11 to 13. The surface of this steel is easily attacked even by neutral solution and its color changes to black, of course, it is more easily attacked in the acidic solutions with pH value of less than 7.At 60°C, aluminized steel shows the weight loss by corrosion as follows; 2g/m2/day in neutral solution, 20g/m2/day in pH 3 solution and 60g/m2/day in pH 2 solution. But the corrosion resistance of aluminized steel in neutral and acidic solution at 60°C is still more superior to that of galvanized steel in the same solutions than at room temperature. Galvanized steel shows at 60°C good resistance only in the solution with pH value of 12. When the pH value of the solution is over 12, with even its slight change, the corrosion resistance of this steel becomes worse remarkably, and the steel is severely attacked at the same temperature.


Aim To prepare the cefuroxime axetil tablets with thin filmed coating and evaluate their qualities.Methods The optimization of formulations and manufacturing technology of cefuroxime axetil tablets will be carried out by the evaluating indicator of powder′s fluidity,crushability and dissolution,etc.,and through the standards in Chinese Pharmacopia 2005(CHP2005) to examine the tablets′qualities.Results The tablets prepared by the optimized formulation and technology complied with CHP2005.Conclusion Under the conditions of this experiment,the most optimal for the preparation amounts of microcrystalline cellulose,carboxymethylstarch sodium and sodium lauryl sulfate as the main excipients,through directly tabletting,and finally filmed coating the tablets.The products show good quilites,and the purpose of these experiments was attained.


The present paper treats the hydrodynamic diffraction problem between multiple bottom seated elliptical cylinders and regular surface wave trains. Linear potential theory is employed and the solution method is based on the semi-analytical formulation of the incident and the diffracted surface waves' potentials around the elliptical bodies. Virtually, the mathematical process has many similarities with the well known analytical technique which is implemented for the hydrodynamic interaction between arrays of circular cylinders and regular wave train. Nevertheless, the problem associated with arrays of elliptical cylinders is admittedly more complicated as it involves the ill-familiar periodic and radial Mathieu functions and requires the implementation of an addition theorem, similar in concept with the Graf's addition theorem for Bessel functions, but relevant to the periodic and radial Mathieu functions. 2 Mathematical formulation and solution


With the current COVID-19 pandemic, unprecedented restrictions have been decided by governmental authorities on social freedoms in order to allow strict social distancing to reduce transmission of SARS-CoV-2 and risk of COVID-19 spread. These measures aim to drastically reduce social interactions (school shutdown and home working), prohibiting visits from relatives and minimizing the use of public transports, and were gradually adopted worldwide. In certain countries, especially in Europe, containment restrictions were severe with the entire population advised to stay at home. The psychological effects of containment/quarantine have been recently described revealing numerous emotional consequences, including stress and fear, depression and insomnia, anger and irritability, frustration, and boredom with possible persisting sequelae even after the quarantine was lifted. A greater duration of confinement, inadequate supplies, limited access to medical care and medications, and financial losses are aggravating factors. Fear, uncertainty on the future, unclear or even contradictory messages from the authorities, and continuous and alarming media reports (daily number of deaths and insecurity) may play an additional impact on the emergence of emotional stress.


The proceedings of the 15th Topical Conference on Hadron Collider Physics capture the current status, experimental and theoretical, of the research done with hadron colliders. The latest experimental results from the Tevatron and other colliders are presented, as well as an outlook for the future.


Egypt has a hot desert climate with extremely limited precipitation. Annual rainfall ranges from 60 to 190 mm along the Mediterranean coast, but is less than 25 mm in Upper Egypt. The mean daily maximum and minimum temperatures are 28 and 14 degrees Celsius, respectively, over the country's agricultural areas (Table 1). Despite this desert climate, Egypt has developed a highly dynamic and diversified agricultural sector, chiefly due to the Nile River that has supported irrigated food production in the country over thousands of years. Egypt has combined irrigation and drainage development with investments in agricultural research and development, including mechanization, to produce some of the highest crop yields in Africa. In addition to the 'old' lands, located in the Nile Valley and Delta, which constitute around 85 percent of the country's cultivated areas, Egypt also has developed 'new' agricultural lands in the non-fertile desert zone to the east and west of the Nile Valley and Delta. Crop production there relies on pumping of non-renewable groundwater for use with drip and sprinkler irrigation technologies, due the high permeability of the soils in the new lands. With climate change, Egypt's already arid climate will face even higher temperatures and lower rainfall over key agricultural areas, requiring further urgent adaptation investments. Data from three general circulation models of climate were used to better understand the likely effects of climate changes on Egypt's agricultural sector.


This paper expounds general situation of the fire control of Shanghai Expo, and from two aspects fire control preparation work and fire control in operation period of Shanghai Expo, probes into some enlightenments of decisive wins of Shanghai Expo's fire control to us.


Levels of plasma relaxin were determined during late pregnancy and at parturition in gills in which the normal utero-ovarian anatomical relationship was altered on one of three ways: Group 1, ovaries transplanted to the adjacent uterine wall; Group II, ovaries transplanted to the abdominal wall; and Group III, one uterine horn and its contralateral ovary removed. In all three groups the prepartum pattern of relaxin concentrations was similar to that of normal intact gifts. Mean con- centrations of relaxin during the two days immediately preceding parturition were significantly greater than all other days (P<0.05).


Information Governance provides a mechanism for ensuring reliable, dynamic content. As systems and repositories evolve, roles and policies must also evolve to support overarching governance activities and changing business goals. This paper outlines best practices for Information Governance.


The Rotaviruses are members of the family Reoviridae and are the major cause of severe childhood gastroenteritis worldwide. Recently, electron microscopy has been used to detect non-group A rotaviruses to determine a relatively high resolution structure of the rotavirion. Mature, infectious virions(double-shelled particles) have a diameter of approximately 70nm, and have a capsid structure composed of two concentric protein layers. We have studied patient's stool specimen by negative staining technique complete removal of sucrose suspension. This negative staining technique that could be carried out in about 30 minutes and that could be used with crude stool specimen was an advantage of major significance. Removal of sucrose in the sample by has been completed washing with distilled of sucrose and by washing with distilled water. Ultrastructurally, typical feature of rotavirus has a double capsid construction with an inner capsid of 55nm and on outer 65-70nm diameter can be clearly demonstrated.


3 Bedrooms Bedrooms With 2 Bathrooms Bathrooms Residential For Sale Moss Grove In 1124 Moss Grove Drive, Moncks Corner, 29461


Treatment of methyl β-D-fructofuranoside (6) with triphenylphosphine and diethyl azodicarboxylate in dimethylformamide gives a high yield of methyl 3,4-anhydro-β-D-tagatofuranoside (5); no blocking of the hydroxy-groups at C-1 and C-6 is necessary. The structure of the product was confirmed by an X-ray structural study of its 1,6-bis-O-(p-tolylsulphonyl) derivative and by an unambiguous synthesis. A similar reaction of methyl α-D-fructofuranoside yielded the 3,4-anhydro-α-D-tagatofuranoside. The reaction mechanism is discussed.


Introduction: In neonates with an unanticipated difficult airway, there is an increased probability of failed intubation even with highly trained hands while performing direct laryngoscopy. Aims: We describe our experience of using a modified infant feeding tube (IFT) as an indigenous endotracheal tube (ETT) in a series of paediatric surgical patients with congenital subglottic stenosis (SGS). Material and Methods : A retrospective study was performed in our institute from January 2018 to December 2019. ETT with modified 6 and 8 French (Fr) sized IFT's were used. A stylet obtained from the VP shunt system was used to aid in intubation. Results: Out of 12,500 admissions in our department, there were 5 pediatric cases with SGS which were managed using modified IFT. Four were neonates and 1 infant (M:F = 2:3). Modified IFT(s) were used after failed intubation with ETT of size 2.5 mm in 4 patients (non-availability of ETT of size 2 mm), while in one neonate, even 2 mm ETT could not be negotiated due to SGS. In all the 5 children, successful intubation was finally performed with modified 8 French (Fr) IFT in 3, and with modified 6 Fr IFT in two cases. The surgical procedure was completed in 4 neonates out of 5 cases, while in one infant it was deferred due to the clinical condition of the patient and significant SGS. Conclusion: All 5 patients with SGS were managed without performing a tracheostomy. Modified IFT(s) is an effective alternative if smaller sized ETT(s) cannot be negotiated or unavailable in difficult neonatal and paediatric airway. This modified IFT as ETT has to be an important part of the emergency airway tray. It should not be considered as a replacement for routine use of standard ETT.


In this study, we study principal admissible representations for the affine Lie superalgebra [Formula: see text]. Using the character formula of irreducible admissible representations of [Formula: see text], we calculate a character formula of [Formula: see text]-modules which are obtained from the quantized Drinfeld–Sokolov reduction and principal admissible representations. As a by-product, we obtain the minimal series modules of the Neveu–Schwarz algebra through the [Formula: see text]-modules arising from the principal admissible modules over [Formula: see text].


Moving away from firm-level CSR research, this study examines CSR adoption at the industry level. Applying institutional logic, we argue that strategic homogeneity will be positively associated wit...


Bird-aircraft strikes are a major concern to the entire aviation community. We developed a study to provide the Navy with infomation concerning avian use of agricultural lands on and near selectedNava1 bases in Arizona, California, and Nevada. With this knowledge a management program can be implemented to reduce hazardous bird-aircraft stikes. Permanent census points were established for observing flight patterns of birds at each base. In addition, transect lines were used to observe habitat use by birds in and around agricultural fields on each base. Habitat types and an estimated percent of that habitat within a 200-mradius were recorded. Habitat classifications that were more specific than those used in the current Wildlife Habitat Relationships (WHR) system (data base) were given. Percent usage of habitats was estimated for 2 study sites and compared with the WHR system. Habitat use differed by species and crop type. These differences tended to be overlooked when using the WHR classifications. Our study design can be used for determinining the species composition and abundance of birds on a seasonal basis and relating that to crop types and crop phenology. Expansion of the current Wildlife Habitat Relationship (WHR) Data Base to include more specific agricultural habitat classifications is suggested. Aircraft and bud collisions are a major concern to the aviation community. Since the first recorded human fatality in 1912, incidents involving bud collisions have increased as both the speeds and the number of aircraft flying have increased. Problems due to bud strikes have also increased since turbine engines began to replace piston engines in the 1950s (Blokpoel 1976). The rotating propeller bladeson pistonenginedaircraft tended to protect the engine before birds coulddo much damage. Turbine engines, however, are more exposed and vulnerable to bud strikes. Military aircraft areespecially prone to strikes because they fly at high speeds and at low altitudes where birds aremost abundant. TheDepartmentof the Navyresponded to this problem by implementing its present mandatory bird-aircraft strike hazard (BASH) reporting system in 1981 to document collisions when they occur and to develop management plans for avoiding bird-aircraft interactions. Once implemented the efficiency of BASH management programs is apparent almost immediately. Four naval air stations that started BASH programs in 1984 reported57-78% fewer strikesin 1984 than in 1983 (Walker and Bennet 1985). Three-fourths of all strikes occur at or near airports, usually during take-offs and landings (Solman 1971). Technical modifications to aircraft can only make a minor contribution to reducing strike hazards (Blokpoel 1976). Because of this, numerous methods have been employed to reduce bud populations and bird-strikes on and around airfields. These methods include reduction of overall bud populations, dispersal of birds, habitat manipulation, and the warning of pilots so they can take evasive action. This project, which isa two year cooperative research effort between the University of California at Berkeley and the Department of the Navy, was instigated to provide the Navy with information concerning avian use of agricultural fields on and around Naval airfields. The Navy currently participates in an agricultural outlease program where Navy land is leased to local farmers. Knowledge of bird use of this agricultural land is important information that must be incorporated into the Navy's BASH program. This paper presents methods that can be used in the future by the Navy and other members of the aviation community, to obtain information needed to set up BASHmanagement programs. Wealsopresent examples of results obtained using these methods and a brief evaluation of the California Wildlife Habitat Relationships (WHR) System. TRANS. WEST. SECT. WILDL. SOC. 27:1991 Bird-Aircraft Hazard . Kuenzi et al. 31


This paper present two hybrids discrete continuous models for the simulation of woven fabric reinforcement preforming via explicit finite element analysis. There approaches are based 1D elements on a beam or nonlinear connectors, and 2D element account for shearing resistance of the fabric. The first developed model is built using linear and nonlinear connectors to take into account the tensile stiffness of the fabric, and a shell elastic isotropic element. The second model is based on nonlinear elements and the hypo-elastic behaviour. The determination of the material parameters is straightforward from tensile and bias extension tests. These proposed approaches have been implemented in the ABAQUS explicit finite element programs via subroutine VUMAT. There models allows the simulation of industrial part forming in a reasonable computational time. Simulations of the hemispherical shape of woven fabric 48600 C1300 have been implemented to highlight the performance of these models


The microstructure and impurities distribution in metallurgical grade silicon with treated by CaO-SiO2 and Na2O-SiO2 slags were investigated. An exhaustive analysis of the transformation of precipitated phase at grain boundaries has been carried out. Prior to slag treatment, Si-Fe system intermetallic was the primary precipitated phase in metalllurgical grade silicon. After treated by CaO-SiO2 slag, Si-Ca system intermetallic became the main precipitated phase, such as Si-Ca, Si-Ca-Ti, Si-Ca-Al and Si-Fe-Ca. But Na2O-SiO2 slag had another result on refining metallurgical grade silicon; only Si-Fe-Ti phase was generated in precipitated phase and the low level of sodium in treated silicon was obtained.


Car audio equipment from the compatibility of memory starting to design a variety of digital interface(such as USB-HOST,IDE/ATA,etc.) car digital audio interface system.First introduced the digital audio interface system car system composition,and then to use the USB-HOST technology to read and decode MP3 files on the U disk,for example describing the whole system of hardware and software design and implementation process.


The creation of vertical cavity phase flip modulators is demonstrated, both theoretically and experimentally. These modulators rely on both the ability to make Fabry–Perot cavities which switch the dominant mirror responsible for reflection and the use of excitons in a manner which allows them to provide large absorption changes with zero parasitic refractive index changes. The current device provides a 180° phase change while only changing reflectivity from 65% to 63% with an applied bias of 13.5 V while using an active region only 5000 A long. These devices can be placed into dense arrays and should have numerous applications for stackable optical switching and logic, high‐efficiency spatial light modulation, and, with appropriate optimization, low‐reflectivity‐change analog phase modulators.


The Royal College of Nursing says community nurses should tell parents to return to 'good old-fashioned bug-busting routines' to stop head lice.


1254 is a commercial mixture of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCB's). Toxicity of at least some of the 209 PCB congeners has been documented, largely associated with reproduction, carcinogenicity and immunotoxicity. Due to their lipophilic nature, PCB residues persist in body tissues and are believed to be mobilised along with fat. We the of on There throughout the in between Previous studies have shown that during the in vitro incubation of rat cortical kidney slices both active (AK) and inactive (1K) kallikrein are secreted into the incubation medium (Nustad et al, 1975) and the release of AK is enhanced by arginine vascpressin (AVP) in a static incubation system (Lauar et al, 1982). The aim of the current study was to (i) identify the ratio of AK: IK released from rat, ntnkey and human cortical kidney slices, and (ii) to compare the effect on kallikrein release of AVP and the analogue desamino-D-arginine vasopressin (DDAVP) which is devoid of pressor activity. Studies were carried out on kidney from 6 PMG rats, 4 cynomolgus monkeys and 3 humans; the latter was macroscopically normal tissue from kidneys with a nephroma. Cortical slices approx. 150 u were cut with a Macilwain chopper, and continuously perfused in holders with Krebs buffer (pH 7.4 aerated with 95% 2) at a constant flow rate of 0.42 ml/min and a temperature of 37 C. Slices in four holders were simultaneously perfused for 1 hour to obtain a steady base line release of kallikrein. Four 15 min control perfusate collections were subgequently obtained from each holder. TWO holders were then perfused with 4 x 10 M AVP and DrAVP in 0.9% saline solution respectively while the remaining holders acted as controls. A further four 15 min perfusate collections were obtained. AK was assayed using the chromogenic substrate H-D-Val-Arg-PNA (S2266) and IK following trypsin activation. we the presence of cholecystokinin (CCK-8) and tuscarinic cholinergic recptors in the human embryonic pituitary cell line These two types of activated (PI) Opioids depress both neuro-effector transmission in the vas deferens and synaptic transmission in the hypogastric ganglion (Henderson and Rogers, 1987) of the mouse. The present experiments were undertaken to determine the opioid receptor subtype mediating the depression of synaptic transmission in the hypogastric ganglion. Mice (DBA I/1A were killed by cervical dislocation. The hypogastric ganglion was disected out and pinned to the base of a recording chamber lined silicon resin. selective channels that can be inhibited by intracellular we a calcium-activated non-selective cation channel in a rat insulinoma cell be inhibited an Assayed five days after intrahippocampal injection of ethylcholine mustard aziridinium (ECMA) in rats (2 nmol injected in 2 pl) local choline transport and choline acetyltransferase (ChAT) activities were 77% and 58% reduced, but muscarinic receptor binding was unchanged (Fisher & Hanin, 1986). Similar results were obtained 7 days after intracerebroventricular (i.c.v.) injection of ECMA (lateral vent-ricles, 3 nmol/3 pl/side; Leventer et al, 1985). We have previously reported that ECMA causes rapid loss of ChAT (38%, 2h) in foetal rat brain reaggregate cultures (final concentration 12.5-50 pM; Atterwill et al, 1986; Pillar et al, 1987) followed by additional longer-term loss (total: 60-80%, 3-5 days). We therefore investigated muscarinic receptor binding in cultures similarly treated with ECMA, and in membrane preparations from brain of adult rats. Cultures were prepared in foetal calf serum-supplemented medium from 16-17 day rat foetuses as previously described (Atterwill et al, 1984) . ECMA was freshly prepared (Pillar et al, 1987) and added directly to the cultures on the ninth and twelfth day in vitro (9 or 12 DIV) final concentrations 12.5, 25 or 50 yM. Aggregates were harvested by sedimentation, washed and homogenised in Na-phosphate buffer, pH 7.0. Membranes from cerebral cortex of adult male Wistar rats were prepared similarly, washed three times before use by centrifugation, then reacted with ECMA in culture medium or Na-phosphate Li+-insensitive Modulation of neurotransmitter release at nerve endings occurs, in general, through receptors located on the releasing terminals. Here we show that GABA increased the release of [3H]ACh from rat hippocampus nerve terminals prelabelled with [3H]choline ([3H]Ch) without apparent involvement of GABA receptors. The GABA effect was prevented by inhibitors of GABA uptake. Conversely, the release of endogenous GABA was enhanced by Ch and the effect was counteracted by the Ch uptake inhibitor hemicholinium-3. Thus it appears that some cholinergic terminals in rat hippocampus possess a carrier for GABA uptake whereas some GABAergic nerve endings possess a Ch transporter. Rat hippocampal synaptosomes were prelabelled with [3H]Ch and exposed to GABA. The basal release of [3H]ACh was increased (25-65%) by GABA (0.01-0.3 mM). Bicuculline or picrotoxin did not antagonize the effect of the aminoacid. Muscimol (0.3 mM) had a negligible effect on the release of [3H]ACh. up to 0.3 mM, did not increase significantly [3H]ACh efflux. The findings tend to exclude an involvement of GABAA or GABAB receptors. The enhancement of [3H]ACh release elicited GABA three compounds, SK&F of neuronal GABA Sulpiride is a selective dopamine (DA) D2 receptor ligand. This report describes the distribution of 3H-sulpiride binding in striatal areas of the rat and monkey, and how it is affected by loss of dopaminergic input to these areas using 6-hydroxydopamine (60HDA) treatment in the rat and 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) treatment in the monkey. Unilateral 6OHDA lesions were performed stereotaxically in male Sprague Dawley rats. Those showing marked contralateral turning after apomorphine (0.5 mg/kg s.c. at least 5 days post-lesion) were used in the autoradiographic studies. Three monkeys (Macaca fascicularis) were treated with MPTP (0.3-0.7 mg/kg i.v. over 7-8 days). All became hypokinetic, rigid and exhibited varying degrees of tremor. Rats were killed by decapitation 30 days post-lesion and monkeys by pentobarbitone overdose 21 days after the first dose of MPTP. Brains were rapidly frozen isopentane stored at Cresyl a of substantia both groups of animals, together with a depletion brain glass the endogenous excitatory acids, glutamic aspartic In vitro preparations from amphibia (Curtis, Phillis & Watkins 1961) or immature rats (Konishi & Otsuka 1974) have provided robust preparations convenient for the measurement of drug effects on spinal neurones. We report in this paper that a stable in vitro preparation, with characteristics similar to the widely used immature preparation, can be prepared from the sacral and coccygeal segments of the mature (180 -250g body weight) rat. Spinal cords were removed from urethane (2g per Kg body weight i.p.) anaesthetized animals and placed immediately in Ringer solution containing lOOmM urethane. The spinal cords were hemisected in the urethane containing Ringer solution then placed in the recording apparatus and superfused with urethane-free Ringer solution (composition NaCl 11lmM, KC1 3mM, NaHC03 24mM, CaC12 2.5mM, MgSO4 1mM, glucose 12mM. Gassed with 95% 02 5% CO2 at 250C as described for the immature preparation (Evans and Watkins 1978). After washout of urethane supramaximal electrical stimulation of dorsal roots (S2 -Col) evoked polyphasic reflexes (DR-VRP) in corresponding and adjacent ventral roots. The earliest component of such responses consisted of a compound action potential (CAP) superimposed on a population excitatory postsynaptic potential (epsp) of motoneurones recorded in corresponding ventral roots. Latency to first positive going deflection (reflecting depolarization of motoneurones) msec±O.l mV+±1.4 (9 Kynurenic acid (KYNA) is a "broad spectrum" excitatory amino acid antagonist which blocks responses mediated by the N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA), quisqualate and kainate receptor subtypes, and has been widely used to identify excitatory amino acid-using synapses in the mammalian central nervous system. As part our pharmacological characterisation of excitatory amino acid we have examined the potency of KYNA, and its analog, 3-hydroxy-2-quinoxalinecarboxylic acid (HQC), on the three receptor subtypes in rat cortex using electrophysiological and radioligand binding techniques. Electrophysiological experiments on rat cortical The cutaneous application of mustard oil We have investigated the mechanisms involved in passive cutaneous anaphylactic reactions (PCA) in the rabbit. IgE antibodies were raised in rabbits against bovine gamma globulin (BGG) by immunisation with BGG (1.5pg dose in 0.5ml aluminium hydroxide gel, s.c) at monthly intervals for 6 months (Kravis & Zvaifler, 1974). Contaminating IgG antibodies were removed from pooled antisera by passing through a column of protein-A Sepharose. Doses of antisera at 3, 10 and 30 times dilution were injected intradermally (i.d) in 0.lml volumes into the shaved dorsal skin of rabbits. Results presented are for 3 times dilution. This was followed after a fixation period by intravenous (i.v) 1251-human serum albumin and superimposed i.d injections of BGG (lpg/0.lml) with or without pharmacological agents. Animals were killed with an overdose of barbiturate 30 minutes later and local oedema responses calculated in terms of pl of plasma. The effect of varying the interval between superimposed antibody and antigen injections was investigated. No responses could be elicited with an interval of 0 or 6 hours. Responses were maximal with a 48-72 hour fixation period and either of these times was used in subsequent experiments. Responses at 24 and 240 hours were approximately 50% of maximal. Unlike our previous results with Arthus reactions in the rabbit which were effectively suppressed by indomethacin (Williams et al, 1986), injections of indomethacin (10-8 moles) mixed with the B


1. A filter for trapping particulate matter (PM) from the exhaust gases of engines with compression ignition, comprising a porous substrate having inlet and outlet surface and pores of the substrate a first average size, wherein the porous substrate is covered by increasing the surface area coating comprising a molecular sieve, promoted with at least one transition metal, wherein the coating increases the surface area represents nepropityvayuschee porous coating at said inlet and / or outlet for surface, and at least one of the layers has a second average pore size that is less than the first average size por.2. Filter according to claim 1, wherein the first average pore size of the porous structure of the porous substrate is from 8 to 45 microns and the second average pore size is from 5.0 nm to 5.0 mkm.3. Filter according to claim 1, wherein the density of the coating increases the surface area of the coating is greater than 0.50 g / dyuym.4. Filter according to claim 3, wherein the coating increases the surface area density of the coating is greater than 1.00 g / dyuym.5. Filter according to claim 1, wherein the increasing surface area of the coating is one or more layers substantially covering the pores of the substrate on the inlet and outlet poverhnostyah.6. Filter according to claim 1, wherein the increasing surface area of the coating positioned so as to narrow pores podlozhki.7. Filter according to claim 1, wherein the increasing surface area of the coating applied to the inlet and outlet surface, and wherein the average pore size increases the surface area of coverage on the inlet surfaces smaller than the average pore size increasing


EDITOR—Montori et al cite the Cochrane albumin review in the table comparing two systematic reviews of albumin for fluid resuscitation.1 2 This review is an egregious example of a review that made a misleading claim—in this case a 6% additional mortality when albumin was compared with saline in a meta-analysis.

The users' guide of …


Due to rapid increase in population, per capita trip rate and trip length, the demand for public transit has been increasing over the years. In Delhi the number registered has increased greatly, making Delhi the fourth most polluted city in the world. The total demand for public transit trips, which was 5.5 million in 1994, is expected to increase to 12.9 million by the year 2001. More alarming is that the passenger kilometers traveled per day, which was 42 million in the year 1994, is expected to increase to 132 million by the year 2001. To respond to this demand, the government of Delhi felt that a rail based public transit system is the only solution to the deteriorating traffic situation and increased pollution level. RITES prepared a number of alternative networks, based on a four-stage transportation planning process. Based on maximum passenger km carried per km in a year, a network was recommended. This network was further divided into 16 sections for the purpose of implementation. 55.3 km of this network has been formally approved. Convenient station access for pedestrians and various types of vehicles and convenient interchange facilities at various stations have also been planned and are discussed in this paper.


This research is the phenotypic characteristics and grouping of hybrid waxy corn Zea mays L. product of the top cross had been carried out in the experimental plant Indonesian Cereals Research Institute (ICERI) in Maros South Sulawesi. This research aims to determine the phenotypic characters of the hybrid of waxy corn Zea mays L. product of the top cross and grouping based on its phenotypic characteristics. This research used a randomized block design (RBD) with 17 th treatments (corn strains) and three replications. Waxy corn strains used were: URI 1 (G8), G8G1, G8G2, G8G3, G8G4, G8G5, G8G6, G8G7, Soppeng (G10), G10G1, G10G2, G10G3, G10G4, G10G5, G10G6, G10G7, and Paramitha.. All data (qualitative and quantitative) are arranged in binary tables and grouped using the NTSYST program. The observations show that the data obtained comes from 14 quantitative characters and 17 qualitative characters. Quantitative data from 14 characters were tested and the results of 10 characters were significantly different and the other 4 were not significantly different. The grouping results show that the 17 corn strains studied formed 3 groups at the similarity coefficient of 0.76. Soppeng's corn is different from the others.


The main tasks of post process are introduced,such as establishing the movement model, adjusting and disposal of the nonlinear error and feeding speed, creating the NC process, According to a five-axes simultaneous motion lathe and mill tool machine, the mechanism model is proposed in this paper based on the mechanism theory. The movement model is established using coordinate transformation, and the solving of this model is discussed. A post-processing software for the machine is developed, and the result is good.


Background: Reproductive tract infections (RTIs) continue to present major health, social and economic problems all over the world and their complications are the most important causes of morbidity and mortality for women especially in the developing countries. Interest in RTIs and their management has increased tremendously because presence of a RTI in the sexual partner increases the risk of acquisition of HIV. Aim was to evaluate the risk factors in women attending a sexually transmitted infection clinic at a tertiary care centre and prevalence of RTI in our setup.Methods: The present study was conducted on 318 women of reproductive age group (18-45 years) attending the Reproductive tract infection/ sexually transmitted infection (RTI/STI) clinic at our tertiary care centre, they were evaluated for the prevalence of following RTIs: chlamydia, gonorrhoea, syphilis, bacterial vaginosis, trichomoniasis and candidiasis; and their correlation with clinical features and associated risk factors.Results: The factors found to be significantly associated with RTI were illiteracy, unemployment, past history of RTI in patient and presence of RTI in their partner. The prevalence of RTI in our setup reported 9.7%. The prevalence of candidiasis was maximum (11.5%) followed by chlamydia (4.1%), syphilis (4.1%), bacterial vaginosis (1.73%) and trichomoniasis (0.57%).Conclusions: None of the women was found positive for gonorrhoea. No coexistence of any two diseases found in any patient. Most common presentation was genital discharge (52.8%) followed by lower abdominal pain (45.2%).


The combustion and heat transfer characteristics of a carbon monoxide and oxygen rocket engine were evaluated. The test hardware consisted of a calorimeter combustion chamber with a heat sink nozzle and an eighteen element concentric tube injector. Experimental results are given at chamber pressures of 1070 and 3070 kPa, and over a mixture ratio range of 0.3 to 1.0. Experimental C efficiency was between 95 and 96.5 percent. Heat transfer results are discussed both as a function of mixture ratio and axial distance in the chamber. They are also compared to a Nusselt number correlation for fully developed turbulent flow.


The synthesis through a simple chemical route of SnO powder was successfully done. By using a home- made Hall-effect setup, its p-type behaviour is confirmed, showing high hole mobility around 10 2 cm 2 ·V -1 ·s -1 and low resistivity ρ=6.52 Ω·m. Moreover the powder exhibits an interesting behaviour with the temperature changing its conformation to SnO2 that is n-type semiconductor.


This paper reviews key challenges in designing a transport network for 5G systems. Then it outlines how optics can contribute in solving some of them and which features the optical transport network shall be provided with.


The question whether minerals can be an instrument for sustainable wealth creation seems to be crucially important in the present phase of socioeconomic development in South Africa. After a century of mining, South Africa has still no mining culture and the trickle-down effect of the benefits of mining to the man in the street has been so indirect as to be almost non-existent in his perception. Unless this situation is reversed mining's contribution to wealth creation will diminish drastically in the foreseeable future. A number of inhibiting factors and possible counter actions are discussed in this paper. Informed decision making depends on the availability and accessibility of comprehensive data and information


....................................................................................................... iii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS................................................................................... vi LIST OF FIGURES ............................................................................................. xi LIST OF TABLES .............................................................................................. xii LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS .............................................................................. xiv 1 LINKING DOCUMENT .................................................................................. 15 1.1 Abstract ................................................................................................... 15 1.2 Background and rationale ....................................................................... 15 1.3 Structure of DBA Dissertation ................................................................. 18 1.4 Project Summaries.................................................................................. 19 1.4.2 Project 1 (P1) (Understanding Leadership in Business School Departments: the importance of context, relationships and authority Chapter 3) ................................................................................................. 23 1.4.3 Project 2 (P2) – (Authority Relations, Organisational Contextual Factors and the Nature of Shared and Distributed Leadership: A Systematic Review and Metasynthesis Study – Chapter 4) ...................... 27 1.4.4 Project 3 (P3) (Faculty Departmental Leadership in Business Schools – Chapter 5) .............................................................................................. 34 1.5 Discussion of Research Findings and Contributions to Knowledge ........ 38 1.5.1 Nature of Shared and Distributed Leadership .................................. 38 1.5.2 The Role of Context in Influencing the Distribution of Leadership .... 40 1.5.3 The Role of Power and Influence ..................................................... 41 1.6 Managerial Implications .......................................................................... 42 1.6.1 Departmental Leaders ...................................................................... 43 1.6.2 University Senior Administrators ...................................................... 44 1.6.3 Leaders in other professional autonomy settings ............................. 44 1.7 Limitations of the study and areas for further research ........................... 45 1.7.1 Dissertation Limitations .................................................................... 45 1.7.2 Direction for future research ............................................................. 46 2 SCOPING STUDY ......................................................................................... 48 2.


Nanoparticles (NPs) confined in thin layers of liquid within liquid cells used for in situ transmission electron microscopy (TEM) move very slowly, in contrast to free particles in bulk liquid. The reason is still poorly understood. Here, we tracked gold NPs moving in water at the liquid–solid interface with in situ TEM at rates of 100 frames per second. The recorded motion exhibited three key features: (1) it was made up of sustained sequences of "sticky" motion where NPs only moved a few nanometers each time; (2) sporadic long "flights" where the NPs traveled tens to hundreds of nanometers between frames; and (3) "flights" are accompanied by intermittent, fast pivoted rotations. Trajectory analysis shows that the displacements follow a truncated Levy distribution, pointing to desorption-mediated motion of NPs at the liquid–solid interface. We further associate pivoted rotations with a transient "weakly adsorbed" state between desorption and adsorption of NPs. The frequency of desorption was also control...


Based on the data of precipitation field in Yunnan and using the temporal wavelet transform method for the three-dimensional data,the characteristic timescales and temporal-spatial changes of precipitation resource interannual variability over the Low Latitude Plateau Area are investigated.The results show that there are 2-years,7-years and 15-years characteristic timescales for the precipitation resource interannual variability over the Low Latitude Plateau Area.The larger amplitude energy regions corresponding to the 2-years,7-years and 15-years characteristic timescalesare main from northwest to southeast,northeast to southwest and central area of Yunnan respectively.The precipitation longitudinal evolutions of the larger central latitude in association with the 2-years characteristic timescale appear obviously longitudinal oscillations.But the precipitation longitudinal evolutionsof the larger central latitudes in association with the 7-years and 15-years characteristic timescales appear quasi-stationary and no moving.The precipitation latitudinal evolutionsof the larger central longitude in association with the 2-years characteristic timescale also appear obviously latitudinal oscillations.But the precipitation latitudinal evolutions of the larger central longitudes in association with the 7-years and 15-years characteristic timescales all have obviously the tendency to move towards the south.


Permanent childhood hearing loss is crucial for speech development and restricts learning abilities. Universal newborn hearing screening programs are well established to detect congenital hearing loss and address the need of hearing-impaired babies. Progressive or acquired permanent hearing loss can manifest later due to genetic causes, intrauterine or postnatal infections, middle ear diseases and excessive exposure to noise when listening the personal audio devices. The hearing loss prevalence in the population of 9 year-olds three times higher compared with newborns. School hearing screening is a part of hearing across the lifespan conception. The article presents international experience and recommendations for the organization of school hearing screening programs. A school-entry hearing test is mandatory, other grades might be screened also. The basic method is pure tone audiometry at frequencies of 500, 1 000, 2 000, 4 000 Hz at 20 dB. Otoscopy and tympanometry can be performed also, while whisper voice speech test is of low sensitivity. The main hearing screening issue is low follow-up of referrals to ascertain audiological assessment. Modern approaches to the prevention of hearing loss in schoolchildren and management of hearing impairements are described. Planning of hearing screening programs requires sufficient human and logistical resources, monitoring of  results and quality improvement, all stakeholders engagement.


Government policy on services for the elderly is to increase the provision of care in the community. This paper examines this policy in relation to informal help received from relatives and friends.

Drawing on the results of a pilot study of 92 people over the age of 75, registered in a group general practice, data are presented on the balance between informal and formal help over a group of activities of daily livhg. The main informal helpers are described with the range of activities for which people in the study were receiving assistance.

Community services are, at present, limited in the help they can provide for people in their own homes. If policies of community care are to be successful, then they must take into account the strengths and weaknesses of informal support. Using the data presented, suggestions are made a bout improvements in services including task specific services not currently provided and the definition of groups at risk of their social support breaking down.


Stratospheric airship is a special air vehicle which suspended in the stratosphere for a long period of time, it can be used for military and civil investigation,observation, communication and other purposes to the Earth's surface. Because its altitude is about 20 km,its thermal environment is different from normal aircrafts or spacecrafts. On the one hand,the solar heat flux during daytime and the heat source of the equipment require a good heat dissipation design of the airship;on the other hand,the radiation and convective heat exchange at night require a good thermal insulation design of the airship. The key thermal design of the airship is how to balance daytime heat dissipation and nighttime insulation. In this paper,the convective and radiative heat transfer model of a certain stratospheric airship is established based on the CFD simulation method,and the daytime and nighttime operating modes are analyzed. Three thermal design optimization schemes including compartmentalization,cooling holes, and fans are proposed and evaluated by simulation methods. The calculation results show that the thermal design margin in different operating modes of the airship can be effectively improved by controlling the fan operating, which provides a reference for future development of corresponding models.


This chapter is based on the W2 dialect of !Xun (in short W2), formerly called Northern Khoisan, now called either !Xun or Ju. It presents four markers which have one thing in common: they encode aspects of information, two of them are concerned with the source of information presented in the utterance, and two with the unexpectedness of the utterance. It presents an overview of four markers, namely the evidential markers meka for firsthand information, cālā for non-firsthand information, koha, a mirative, and ko, a counterexpectation marker. The meaning differences between the four markers can be seen in the examples of the chapter which vary in the information marker only. The difference between the mirative and the counterexpectation marker in !Xun is that the latter always has a deontic impact. The counterexpectation marker always has a negative connotation which is not present with the mirative marker. Keywords:!Xun; counterexpectation marker; evidential marker; mirative marker


Significance: The selective detection of magnesium ions in the presence of sodium, potassium and calcium is particularly important in elucidating biological processes. Porphyrins and their derivatives possess both a far-red fluorophore and a binding domain for sensing. Unfortunately, porphyrins almost exclusively sense anions. The authors demonstrate that the novel 1,10-phenanthroline-phenyldipyrromethane hybrid macrocycle can effectively bind magnesium cations. Upon binding, the macrocycle undergoes a red shift as well as a 16-fold enhancement in emission intensity. The binding studies were also performed in an aqueous medium to demonstrate applicability for biological systems. Comment: The currently available molecular fluorescent probes for magnesium suffer from other cation interference. The authors demonstrate that this novel macrocycle binds calcium very weakly and effectively not at all sodium or potassium. N N OHC CHO CH2(CO2Et)2 piperidine 72% yield N N


The emission-line profile from a geometrically thick accretion disc was calculated. Assuming the emission from large radii to dominate, all general relativistic effects are neglected. The line profile emitted from a geometrically thin disc is generally a double-peaked one at large enough radii. The line profile emitted from the torus is different, however. A flat-top profile can be observed if the angle θ between the line of sight and the rotation axis is φ < θ < (180°- φ), while a double-peaked profile can be observed otherwise, where φ is a critical angle and larger than the inclination angle of the funnel wall of the torus to the rotation axis. The critical angle decreases with the increase of the thickness of the torus


Electron beam generated by a cold cathode coated with ZnO nanoneedles and other forms of nanomaterials was used to turn on a pseudospark plasma switch for pulsed power applications. A pseudospark switch filled with gases between 10 and 60 mtorr is designed and tested. Electron field emission current generated by the ZnO oxide coated cold cathode was sufficient to turn on a high voltage plasma switch.


In the article is considered the principle of the formation of the measuring channel for multifunction phased array radar in tracking mode using one of the short-range air defense radar system as an example. A new approach to the problem is offered, which is based on considering the change of noise levels both in the measuring channel and in the dynamic model of the target being tracked and is adaptive to its motion in space. The number of simultaneously monitored targets is calculated under the condition of application of the proposed principle of channel formation. The efficiency of the obtained solutions is confirmed. The conclusion is made about the expediency of application of this method in the existing air defense systems, the modernization of which is currently underway.


Could you sentence your own murderer to an eternity in hell? Would you ever be willing to accept his apology and repentance? In this work of philosophical short story fiction, Alli was brutally murdered in an alley by a relapsed drug addict she once showed kindness to. Twenty-five years later he is put to death for her murder and ends up in Abeyance, the place people say when they have unfinished business. Alli is waiting for him and, under the rules of the afterlife, Alli is able to decide where Josh will spend eternity. When Josh sees Alli he explains that he spent his life repenting of her murder, is truly sorry for the pain he caused, and found God. Furthermore, he was on drugs at the time, and starved for affection due to a truly horrible childhood of physical and sexual abuse. After hearing all this, Alli must still decide his fate.


Baryon number violation, a key, non-perturbative prediction of the Standard Model (SM) via electroweak instantons (sphalerons), has never been definitively observed. However, its relationship to baryogenesis is obscure, and, within the context of the SM, seems to require fine tuning and complex dynamics to occur mere instants after the chaos of the Big Bang began. Post-sphaleron baryogenesis (PSB), a SM extension first proposed by Babu et al. in 2006, seems to compellingly quell many of these theoretical conundrums while effectively predicting the baryon abundance, and simultaneously offering a tantalizing experimental observable: neutron–antineutron transformations (n → n̅). This rare event, a phenomena similar to meson oscillations, can be thought of as a form of dinucleon decay, and is hypothesized to occur for both the free and bound neutron; what's more, within the context of PSB, there exits an upper limit on the free neutron transformation rate. The subject of the relatedness of the free and bound rates promises a wealth of exciting nuclear and high-energy physics, and the complimentary nature of both types of experimental searches argues for their mutual necessity. In this paper, we briefly discuss the physics of the transformation, and our groups' plans to search for this critically important phenomena using both the free and bound neutron.


We propose a training algorithm for multi-layered neural-network (NN) classifiers that improves the generalization ability, the ability to classify previously unseen patterns. A correlation term was added to the error function of the standard back-propagation (BP) learning algorithm, and a new weight update rule was derived. The correlation term was to make hidden node activations positively correlated, and thus we called the algorithm the positive correlation learning (PCL). The PCL was tested with the standard benchmark problems, the breast cancer and diabetes problems, and the results exhibited that it can produce networks with high generalization ability. It has been known that the minimization of the information in hidden node activations, as well as decaying weights, improves the generalization performance. We here show empirically that the PCL not only reduces the information but also decays the weights effectively


The investigation of energy loss of pump is of great significance for energy conservation and structural optimization design. And traditional methods have great limitations in researching the distribution of energy losses. In this paper, the entropy production theory is utilized to analyze the energy loss of the double-suction centrifugal pump. The numerical simulation results verified by experiments indicate that the difference in total entropy production under different flow rates is mainly affected by the entropy production in the main flow region. Moreover, the entropy production of the volute has the greatest impact on the entropy production in the main flow region, and even the proportion of entropy production in the volute at 1.2QD operating point reaches 96%. Besides, the Q-criterion is applied to study the morphology of the vortex core in the volute. In the volute inlet region, it is found that the stable double-vortex flow has a better flow field and less energy loss than the scattered wake vortex.


This paper describes the application of cluster analysis and classification techniques for the diagnosis of partial discharge defects present in electrical power transformers. The subsequent implementation of an agent-based, decision support system (DSS) incorporating these intelligent techniques is also discussed. Successful defect classification of empirical partial discharge data, using neural networks and rule induction, affirms the application of these techniques as a suitable means of providing reliable decision support for partial discharge defect diagnosis, particularly where expert diagnostic knowledge may be scarce or ambiguous. Through the interaction of intelligent agents the DSS considers the effectiveness and diagnostic contribution of each agent (intelligent technique) before presenting a consolidated diagnosis.


Objective: To assess the effectiveness of Marshall Classification for CT Scan (Computed Tomography), related treatment and disa bility. Material and methods: An observational, cross-sectional, retrospective and descriptive study including 40 paediatric patients was carried out. Registered data were: sex, age, schooling, mechanism of injury, Glasgow score, computed tomography (Marshall's Classification) and treatment. Statistical analysis included central tendency measurement and chi-square test for variables association. Results: 40 patients were enrolled, 60% were female and 40% male; the most common (50%) mechanism of injury was fallings at home. Children in elemental school were the most frequently injured. Half of the traumatisms was considered slight; 15%, severe and only 10% required neurosurgical treatment; 11 children underwent complications in the long term. The correlation between Marshall's classification and prognosis did not show a significant difference; therefore Glasgow's score lesser than 8 had correlation with disa bilities development (p = 0.014). Conclusion: Glasgow score is the best clinical evaluation for head injury, whereas Marshall scale does not have any prognosis


When designing mathematical educational tasks, a designer tries to anticipate how students will react. Students, however, may look at a task in a way that differs much from how teachers or instructional designers look at it. In relation to this, one speaks of the difference between the actor's and the observer's point of view. In this article, we elaborate on this distinction, outlining a theoretical and empirical perspective on the differences between these two points of view. To do so, we use the data from a small scale teaching experiment with a geometry applet that we had designed.