The article deals with the semantic transformation of names of food as idiom's components in Russian phraseology and parоemia discourse.
The actuality of the work is determined by anthropocentrism of modern linguistics, interest to interrelation between language and culture, to modelling of national language world views. Specific representatives of the situations are the means of reflection of everyday consciousness in the image-bearing language world view. The images of the dishes are a part of the national world view. The purpose of the work is to describe the specifics of contents and semantic transformation of components – names of food products in Russian phraseological units, including paroemias. Based on 1,000 phraseological contexts of the Russian language, the phraseological "menu" has been created that demonstrates the variety of traditional cuisine: bakery products, drinks, snacks, spices, soups, ritual and holiday dishes, farinaceous, dairy products, desserts. The process involved identification of the most frequent denominations, description of the semantics of the denominations хлеб ("bread"), щи ("shchi"), каша ("porridge"), молоко ("milk"), масло ("butter"), яйцо ("egg"), etc.
The motivational signs for the semantic transformation may be taste and contents of the products, their appearance, result of consuming, cooking process, eating process, etc. The components – names of food products, while being within phraseological units, acquire both abstract and concrete meanings: хлеб ("bread") – 'home and food'; 'maintenance'; 'earnings, payment'; 'the most necessary'; каша ("porridge") – 'mess, disorder'; 'action, including the one that is hard or unpleasant'; 'punishment'; 'life experience', etc. It has been established that the majority of phraseological units are of Russian-specific origin. Individual phraseological units got into the standard language from jargon speech. Significant number of phraseological units of literary language – both Russian and adopted – have been recorded. It is recognized that the phraseology of Russian language actively masters not only native but also adopted denominations of products. The names of the traditional Russian cuisine are predominantly the ones subjected to semantic transformation. It is the phraseological image that most frequently preserves the national specific of a phraseological unit.


The intentionally designed band alignment of heterostructures and doping engineering are keys to implement device structure design and device performance optimization. According to the theoretical prediction of several typical materials among the transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) and group‐IV metal chalcogenides, MoS2 and SnSe2 present the largest staggered band offset. The large band offset is conducive to the separation of photogenerated carriers, thus MoS2/SnSe2 is a theoretically ideal candidate for fabricating photodetector, which is also verified in the experiment. Furthermore, in order to extend the photoresponse spectrum to solar‐blind ultraviolet (SBUV), doping engineering is adopted to form an additional electron state, which provides an extra carrier transition channel. In this work, pure MoS2/SnSe2 and doped MoS2/SnSe2 heterostructures are both fabricated. In terms of the photoelectric performance evaluation, the rejection ratio R254/R532 of the photodetector based on doped MoS2/SnSe2 is five orders of magnitude higher than that of pure MoS2/SnSe2, while the response time is obviously optimized by 3 orders. The results demonstrate that the combination of band alignment and doping engineering provides a new pathway for constructing SBUV photodetectors.


Diabetes mellitus (DM) is the leading cause of end stage kidney disease and a major risk factor for cardio-vascular disease and death. While it is known that subjects with diabetic nephropathy (DN) have a worse kidney outcome compared to other non-diabetic glomerulopathies, it is not certain whether DM independently influences the kidney outcome in subjects diagnosed with glomerulopathies (GP) other than diabetic nephropathy.

 This retrospective study included 1200 adults [50 (95%CI 48 to 51) years, 56% males, eGFR 48.5 (95%CI 45.9 to 51.3) mL/min], with kidney biopsy (KB) proven GP between 1st Jan. 2008 and 31st Dec. 2017. Subjects were followed for a mean of 89 (95%CI 85.5 to 92.4) months until 31st May 2018. The primary endpoints were the initiation of chronic renal replacement therapy (RRT) or death. Subjects with inappropriate biopsy sample, insufficient data and RRT prior to KB were excluded. Demographic, clinical and laboratory data at the time of biopsy were retrieved from medical records. Kidney survival was evaluated by Kaplan-Meier method and a competitive risk to event analysis was used to estimate the risk of RRT, considering death as a competing event. Variables related to kidney outcome were evaluated by the subdistribution hazard function using Fine-Gray model. According to the presence or absence of DM and the types of GP, subjects were divided in three groups: GP without DM (n = 987 pts.), GP with DM (n = 65 pts.), and DN (n = 148 pts.).

 GP with DM subjects were older (60 (95%CI 56 to 64) years vs. 55.5 (95%CI 54 to 59) years in DN group vs. 47 (95%CI 45 to 48) years in GP without DM; p<0.001). Males were predominant in all groups, with higher frequency in DN group (66.9% vs. 54.9% - GP without DM vs. 61.5% - GP with DM; p = 0.01). DN group had higher Charlson comorbidity index [5 (95%CI 4 to 5) vs. 2 (95%CI 2 to 2) in GP without DM vs. 3 (95%CI 3 to 4) in GP with DM; p<0.001], lower eGFR (31.3 (95%CI 25.4 to 36.7)mL/min vs. 51.9 (95%CI 48.9 to 55.8)mL/min in GP without DM vs. 43.2 (95%CI 35.4 to 51.3) mL/min in GP with DM; p<0.001) and higher proteinuria (4.9 (95%CI 3.8 to 6) g/g vs. 2.6 (95%CI 2.35 to 2.9) g/g in GP without DM vs. 4.3 (95%CI 2.7 to 6.7) g/g in GP with DM); p<0.001]. During the follow-up period, 24.3% needed RRT, while 11.4% died. The highest RRT initiation and death frequency was in DN group (40.5% vs. 21.7% in GP without DM vs. 27.7% in GP with DM; p<0.001, and 18.2% vs. 10% in GP without DM vs. 19.9% in GP with DM; p = 0.004). In the univariate time-dependent analysis, subjects with DN had the worse kidney outcome (log rank p<0.001) (Fig. 1), however the kidney survival was similar between GP with DM and GP without DM subjects (log rank p = 0.1). In the competitive risk time to event analysis where death is considered the competing event, diabetic nephropathy subjects had worse kidney survival than GP with DM subjects [CIF 2.3 vs. 1.3, p<0.001], while GP with DM had similar survival with GP without DM (CIF 1,3; p = 0.2) (Fig. 2). After adjusting for the risk factors for CKD progression, DM was not associated with an increased risk of RRT (HR = 0.98, p = 0.9). Predictors for RRT were diabetic nephropathy on KB, along with younger age, lower serum albumin, and lower baseline eGFR.

 In this large cohort of subjects with glomerulopathies, diabetes mellitus complicated with diabetic nephropathy seem to have a worse kidney outcome, while DM in subjects with glomerulopathies other than DN doesn't seem to influence the progression to RRT.


Creating a machine learning solution for a real world problem often becomes an iterative process of training, evaluation and improvement where the best practices and generic solutions are few and far between. Our work presents a novel solution for an essential step of this cycle: the process of understanding the root causes of 'bugs' (particularly consequential or confusing test errors) discovered during evaluation. Given an observed bug, our method aims to identify the training items most responsible for biasing the model towards creating this error. We develop a optimization based framework for generating this information which leads to our method not only having simple analytic solutions for certain learners but to it also being applicable to any supervised learner or data type.


The electroosmotic flow created in zirconia‐modified capillaries has been previously investigated. In this paper, we compared the electroosmotic data set with streaming current measurements and we related all these data through ζ‐potential. Streaming current measurements give an excellent indication on the direction and the value of the electroosmotic mobility of an electrolyte/capillary system for a large set of experimental conditions: 2 < pH < 12, 0 < ACN < 80 %, 10‐4 M < [SO2‐ 4 ] < 4×10‐2 M. A good correlation between ζ‐potential from streaming current measurements and ζ‐potential from electroosmotic mobility measurements was observed (r2 = 0.95). However, the values obtained from streaming current were always slightly lower than the one calculated from electroosmotic mobility (slope = 0.86, σ = 0.06). In zirconia‐coated capillaries the ζ‐potential can be tuned from ‐50 to +100 mV depending on the composition of the electrolyte.


In this paper, a simulating test of boiler tubes with supersonic-arc spraying coating for a power plant was introduced. The thermal shock resistance and anti-corrosion properties of FeCrAl, Ni30Cr70 and 45CT were examined. The results proved that the thermal shock resistance and anti-corrosion ability of FeCrAl and 45CT are much better than that of Ni30Cr70, and they can meet the demands of boilers in power plant.


A discrete multilayered explosion containment vessel(DMECV) mainly consists of covers,inner shell and steel ribbon layers crossly helically wound on the inner shell.Three DMECV with the same materials and dimensions except helical winding angle were fabricated and used to investigate dynamic response and fracture characteristics of DMECV subjected to internal blast loads at the center.All tested DMECV are damaged in the cylindrical portion near the explosion center.The DMECV with smaller ribbon winding angle has better capacity for withstanding internal explosion.Results also show that DMECV have excellent explosion resistance.


This paper is oriented to explore the explosion hazards of propylene decomposition in the propylene oxide production so as to develop a secure and feasible propylene decomposition process. As a matter of fact,the decomposition of a fraction of hydrogen peroxide into oxygen in the process of epoxidation of propylene and into propylene oxide involves explosion hazards in the gas when the gas mixture is getting to explosion limit,as the oxygen is going to mix with the combustible gas. For this reason,it is essential to choose a reasonable propylene decomposition process with the purpose to avoid such explosion hazards. Since the explosion data of the gas mixture mainly consist of propylene in the flash tanks with the two alternative flash distillation materials,it is believed necessary to measure the data by using the testing meters for the high pressure explosion limit. For this purpose,we have drawn the explosive ternary diagrams of the flammable gas/oxygen/nitrogen in accordance with the limit oxygen concentration( LOC) and determinated the safety-control data of the oxygen concentration in the gas phase in hoping to work out the optimal flash distillation process. The results of our experiments show that the LOC of the first flash tank in the double flash distillation process tends to be 11.6%( vol) and the safety-control value proves to be 5.8%( vol),which can be gained by taking half of the total volume of LOC. In addition,we have found that the LOC of the second flash tank in the double flash distillation process should be 12.4%( vol),with the safety-control value being 6.2%( vol). It has also proved that the oxygen concentration of the first flash tank in the double flash distillation process should be 7.8%( vol),which turned out to be higher than the safety-control ones. Therefore,it can be seen that the double flash distillation process would fail to meet the safety-control demands. On the contrary,the LOC of the flash tank in the single flash distillation process proves to be 10.8%( vol),with the safety-control value being 5.4%( vol). As a result,the oxygen concentration of the flash tank in the single flash distillation process,which turned out to be 4.2%( vol),proves to be lower than the safety-control value. And,finally,it can be concluded that the single flash distillation process is of great practical value and can be adopted for it can be made to meet the safety-control demand. Coming from this need,we have also brought about other necessary safety-control measures in hoping to reduce the above mentioned explosion hazards.


Mechanical properties of the components of a pantograph's slider suspension system have large influence on the quality of pantograph-catenary interaction. In the paper the authors present the results of their experimental research on the springs that are used in the pantograph being currently in operation in Europe. Static and dynamic tests were performed, which were aimed at determining the stiffness and damping coefficients respectively. Subsequently, the procedure for automated numerical model building for the pantograph's springs was prepared employing the Python programming language and the MSC Marc solver. When a spring model is build (accordingly to the geometric properties of the springs used in tests), the elaborated algorithm iteratively tunes the material properties and computes static and dynamic load-cases, making direct reference to the experimental procedure. After completing several iterations the numerical model is finally validated, and proper material properties, as the Young modulus and the coefficients of Rayleigh damping model, are found. Then, the obtained model can be used to determine the damping and stiffness coefficients for springs characterizing various diameters, wire diameters, numbers of turns, etc. The presented modelling tool is useful for determining the pantograph sliders suspension characteristics.


Development wells production forecasts made pre-production are frequently found to be significantly different from the actual well performance. One reason is the scarce data available from Exploration and Appraisal (E&A) wells (mainly DST) when predicting production wells performances. Besides, whereas most E&A wells are vertical or slightly slanted, development wells tend to be either highly deviated or horizontal. Inflow performance relationship (IPR) is one of the significant components to quantify a reservoir's productivity. IPR relates the hydrocarbon flow rate to the pressure difference between the reservoir and the flowing well. Much work has already been done on developing IPR models to suit specific conditions. Conventional test to yield IPR curves require the well to be flown for four flow-periods, which can prove both time consuming and expensive. One solution to eliminate the need for multi-point test is the development of dimensionless IPR curves, by using data from a single build-up or drawdown. This project's purpose is to investigate the potential relationship between E&A and development wells performances, through the use of dimensionless IPR curves, in order to improve the production well performance prediction based on E&A wells results. Besides, this studywill focus on gas fields in the UK Southern North Sea area (SNS). This paper proposes to study an analytical IPR model for horizontal gas wells developed by Economides (Economides et al., 1999). Then, a dimensionless IPR curve was developed based on this analytical model, and compared to actual deliverability curves for three SNS gas fields. Finally, running sensitivities allowed us to determine the key parameters driving the horizontal well productivity. The results show that vertical permeability anisotropy is a main driver into determining a horizontal gas well deliverability. When comparing the dimensionless IPR curves with the IPRs generated from conventional back-pressure test on two producing fields, there was an average error of less than 9%. The AOFP values were within 4% of each other. Therefore, this dimensionless IPR model can be used as a quick and simple tool to predict horizontal gas well performance, with the only data required from E&A wells being rock and fluids properties derived from the DST analysis. Introduction Well productivity (i.e. the theoretical production rate that can be achieved) is a combination of two main components: the IPR, which describes the reservoir capability to produce hydrocarbons as a response to a bottom-hole pressure difference; and the Vertical Lift Performance (VLP), or outflow performance, which reflects the production tubing capability to lift produced fluids to the surface. The main outflow performance drivers are the production tubing design from bottom-hole to surface facilities, and the fluid characteristics. Although it must be determined in order to predict a theoretical well flow rate, this is out of the scope for this study. Hence, we shall focus on the reservoir inflow performance. Consequently, though we shall mention well deliverability throughout this paper by sake of clarity, it might be more appropriate to speak about reservoir deliverability instead since the outflow performance component will not be studied here. One of the several key aspects of field development planning is to forecast development wells deliverability preproduction accurately. However, once the well has been brought on stream, it is frequently found that the actual production is significantly different from the previously estimated one. There are numerous reasons to explain that; among them is the scarce data available from the Exploration and Appraisal (E&A) wells, when it comes to forecast development well productivity. Besides, whereas E&A wells tend to be either vertical or slightly slanted, production wells are likely to be highly deviated or horizontal to optimise the well-reservoir interface. Poor horizontal well production predictions will adversely affect the project's development, and may lead to suboptimal investment decisions. It has been showed (Beliveau, 1995) and (Levitan et al., 2001) that although 'predictive


We present non‐resonant inelastic x‐ray scattering measurements (NRIXS) of the contribution of each initial state orbital in MgO to the dynamic structure factor. We find good agreement with previous x‐ray absorption fine structure (XAFS) measurements and with previous electron energy loss spectroscopy (EELS) measurements for the corresponding edges. We also find good agreement with ab initio calculations when the interaction between the core hole and the photoelectron is treated properly. These measurements demonstrates the flexibility of a new user facility dedicated to measurement of NRIXS from core‐shell electrons, the lower energy resolution inelastic x‐ray scattering (LERIX) spectrometer located at sector 20 PNC‐XOR of the Advanced Photon Source. The LERIX user facility provides a bulk‐sensitive alternative to, and in some cases extension of, soft x‐ray XAFS measurements.


In the present work the rheological characterisation (steady-state and oscillatory data) of a non-chiral low molecular weight liquid-crystalline diol (denoted as HBP 6/6) exhibiting the nematic and smectic phases over a broad temperature range is presented. A non-Newtonian flow behaviour was found. This result, together with the progressive increase of the viscosity observed near the nematic–isotropic transition, suggests that the material behaves like a polymer, due to hydrogen bonding. The effect of an electric field applied normal to the flow direction, on the steady state in the nematic phase, was established. An electrorheological effect shows up, as an enhancement of the apparent viscosity, due to the positive dielectric anisotropy of this material. It was found that the increase of the apparent viscosity scales linearly with the applied field strength.


A three-dimensional ocean model with an idealized global geometry and coarse resolution coupled to a two-dimensional (zonal-mean) statistical-dynamical atmospheric model is used to investigate the response to the increasing CO2 concentration in the atmosphere. Long-term present-day climate simulations with and without asynchronous integration in the ocean have been carried out with and without flux adjustments, and with either the Gent-McWilliams (GM) parameterization scheme or horizontal diffusion (HD). The results show that a moderate degree of asynchronous coupling between the oceanOs momentum and tracer fields still allows an accurate simulation of transient behavior, including the seasonal cycle. The use of the GM scheme significantly weakens the Deacon Cell and eliminates convection in the Southern Ocean. The deep ocean temperatures systematically decrease in the runs without flux adjustment. We demonstrate that the mismatch between heat transports in the uncoupled states of two models is the main cause for the systematic drift. The global warming experiments are sensitive to the parameterization of the sub-grid mixing. The penetration of anomalous heat in the Southern Ocean is noticeably weaker in the case with the GM scheme. As a result, the transient surface response exhibits less inter-hemispheric asymmetry than in the HD case. The equilibrium surface warming of the Southern Hemisphere is noticeably larger than that of the Northern Hemisphere in the GM case; the equilibrium warming is more uniform in the HD case. Use of the GM parameterization also leads to smaller decrease and faster recovery of the sinking in the North Atlantic. The increase in the surface heat fluxes is shown to be the dominant factor causing the weakening of the circulation. Results of the simulation with different rates of increase in the forcing are also presented.


This article aims to explore how the theoretical and pedagogical intersections of sonic art and creative oral history may work together to enhance the public response of socially engaged, interdisciplinary artwork. The main topics of discussion will include Panos Amelides's paper 'Acousmatic Storytelling', the socio theoretical approach suggested by Salome Voegelin in her paper 'Sonic Memory Material as "Pathetic Trigger"', the behavioral study from the oral history sound installation by Dr Luis Sotelo Castro called Not Being Able to Speak is Torture, and the Deep Listening and Sonic Meditation practices and teachings of Pauline Oliveros, as well as compositions by Yves Daoust, Hildegard Westerkamp and Trevor Wishart. One consistent theme revealed through these investigations was that socially engaged, aurally focused artwork informed and woven by familiar and documented 'life' sounds or nostalgic sound events increases emotional triggers for the audience, creating a deeper engagement with the art piece or performance. Furthermore, an informed and host-led directive encouraging participatory and attentive listening through either meditation or discussion increases audience reception and takeaway, thus inspiring and unifying mass group empathy. This article suggests that the application of these techniques by electroacoustic composers, sonic artists, oral historians and interdisciplinary artists will create informed, passionate and empathetic listening spaces that live beyond the insular, creative experience itself.


Amaranth seeds are very small. Their bulk density is 843 g dm−3. Basic analysis of amaranth whole flour from Slovakia proved evidently a high content of proteins (17.7% on dry basis), what is typical for amaranths. The lipid content of amaranth grains is rather high (7.32% on d. b.). Amaranths with their high content of fat are similar to oats. From the point of storage time of the amaranth flour the high content of fat was assumed as an unfavourable factor. The quantity of fiber (4.91% on d.b.) is comparable with more varieties of amaranth cultivated abroad. Amaranth has a relatively high content of Ca, Mg, P, K and Fe. The quantity of thiamine corresponds to the average values of amaranth grown abroad. Riboflavin is present up to quadruple amount in comparison to the literature. The acidity of flour during 6 weeks of resting increased relatively little.


OBJECTIVE
To investigate the effectiveness of watchful waiting on mouth breathing in children with OSA.

METHODS
Children in the Childhood Adenotonsillectomy Trial (CHAT) dataset were divided into two groups according to the treatment they received. One question in the OSA-18 Quality-of-Life Survey was chosen to evaluate the severity of mouth breathing.

RESULTS
In total, 392 children (adenotonsillectomy group, n = 197 and watchful waiting group, n = 195) were enrolled in the study. There was no significant correlation between the Apnea-Hypopnea Index (AHI) and the severity of mouth breathing, r=.09,p=.073. In watchful waiting group, there is no statistically significant difference of mouth breathing score (p = .555) between baseline and followup.

CONCLUSIONS
The watchful waiting of mouth breathing in children with less severe OSA is ineffective. More caution should be taken to choose watchful waiting for children with mild OSA but severe mouth breathing.


1. Summary. The force exetted on an object immersed in a flowing turbulent fluid is considered as a zero-memory, nonlinear transformation of the bivariate Gaussian process whose components are the fluid particle velocities and local accelerations that would be present at the location of the object if the object were not disturbing the fluid. A model often used in applications is assumed and. the probability density and the moment generating function are derived and investigated. The covariance between the forces at two space-time points in the presence of a space-varying mean flow is developed and a series approximation outlined. Under suitable restrictions the partial sums of the series are used to obtain an easily computed approximation to the spectral density of the force at a fixed space location. 2. Introduction. Let V(x, y, z, t) be the velocity of fluid flow at a specified point (x, y, z) within a fluid at time t. It will be assumed that the velocities are always directed along the x-coordinate axis. The force that would be exerted by the fluid on an object placed at the point has been approximated in many applications (Morrison, O'Brien, Johnson, and Schaaf [8], Reid and Bretschneider [14], Wiegel, Beebe, and Moon [17], Wiegel [16], pp. 256 ff.) by the formula


One of the oldest identifiable diseases known to man plague remains endemic in many natural foci around the world. It is widely distributed in the tropics and subtropics and in warmer areas of temperate countries. Essentially a disease of wild rodents plague is spread from one rodent to another by flea ectoparasites and to humans either by the bite of infected fleas or when handling infected hosts. Recent outbreaks have shown that plague may reoccur in areas that have long remained silent. Untreated mortality particularly from pneumonic plague may reach high levels. When rapidly diagnosed and promptly treated plague may be successfully managed with antibiotics such as streptomycin and tetracycline reducing mortality from 60% to less than 15%. However the recent appearance in Madagascar of a strain of Yersinia pestis showing multiresistance to antibiotics is a matter of much concern and highlights the necessity for effective surveillance of the disease. The World Health Organization (WHO) in 1976 issued its Plague Manual covering the surveillance of plague bacteriological and serological examination and rodent reservoirs and flea vectors of the infection. Since then there have been many developments and an updated publication is needed for front line health personnel especially for those at the primary health care level. This publication presents new information on the diagnosis and treatment of plague and a comprehensive review of the control of rodent reservoirs and flea vectors. Due to the considerable progress made in the laboratory diagnosis of plague a publication dealing specifically with this subject will be published separately. (excerpt)


The topic of student-athlete development and identity advancement has been studied on a limited basis. (e.g., Brewer, Van Raalte, and Linder (1993), Marx, Huffmon, and Doyle (2008), Heird and Steinfeldt (2013)) Further, studies on the environment in which student-athletes develop and advance their identities is lacking. The purpose of this study is to explore the environment of athletics academic advising departments and the role they play in studentathlete development and identity formation. Examining these departments of student-athlete support is a meaningful undertaking because outside of the time involved with their sport, athletes often spend a large quantity of time at these academic centers interacting with academic advisors and other staff members. The results of the NCAA GOALS survey (2015) showed time devoted to athletics and academics have both increased since 2010. And research in the significance of the particular academic atmosphere of support centers is lacking. This study will focus on the environment at large NCAA Division I institutions.


The forecasting of the future mortality of the very old presents additional challenges since data quality can be poor at such ages. We consider a two-factor model for stochastic mortality, proposed by Cairns, Blake and Dowd, which is particularly well suited to forecasting at very high ages. We consider an extension to their model which improves fit and also allows forecasting at these high ages. We illustrate our methods with data from the Continuous Mortality Investigation.


When President Clinton signed the Personal Responsibility and Work Opportunity Reconciliation Act (PRWORA) into law on August 22, 1996, programs to strengthen child support enforcement and improve receipt efforts were established. However, the lives of welfare recipients who were receiving child support were forever changed. These single mothers would now have to attempt to find employment, no matter what their skill level, in order to keep their welfare benefits for the five-year time limit mandated by this legislation. Some of the new welfare-to-work rules helped raise welfare recipients out of poverty by helping them gain work experience and various job skills. However, most jobs found by welfare recipients provided low wages, limited or no benefits, and no flexibility when it came to childcare situations. Before 1996, custodial parents were allowed to keep the first $50 per month in child support collected on their behalf without their welfare benefits being reduced. However, PRWORA now allowed states to increase or decrease the amount of this child support disregard. Many states, including Iowa, decided to keep the child support paid by noncustodial parents in order to offset welfare payments. This thesis includes a brief history of welfare and child support policies and the recovery by states of their welfare costs, with an analysis of "pass-through" and "disregard" policies stemming from the passage of PRWORA. PRWORA eliminated mandatory passthrough. As of June 2009, approximately 25 states keep all of the child support paid by the non-custodial parent as reimbursement for the custodial parent receiving welfare benefits (Center for Law and Social Policy, 2009).


It is shown that in electron-beam evaporators having a magnetic system for bending the electron beam the secondary electron flux density distribution in the bending plane of the electron beam and in the plane at right angles to this is different. This results in the fact that the orientation of the electron-beam evaporator exerts a significant effect on the bombardment intensity of the condensed film by secondary electrons and on the absorption of the deposited films when hydrocarbon vapors are present in the vacuum chamber.


We present the spectrum of the lightest pentaquark states of both parities and compare it with the present experimental evidence for these states. We have assumed that the main role for their mass splittings is played by the chromo-magnetic interaction. We have also kept into account the $SU(3)_F$ breaking for their contribution and for the spin orbit term. The resulting pattern is in good agreement with experiment.


In wireless communication systems, wireless interference classification (WIC) is considered as one of the most effective technologies to address the challenges brought by electromagnetic interference in military and civilian scenarios. Recently, deep learning (DL) based methods have dominated progress in the field of WIC. However, the most existing methods do not consider the redundancy of input samples, nor have the ability to adaptively allocate computational resources conditioned on the inputs. To this end, we propose time-frequency component-aware convolutional neural network (TFCCNN), and it allows the convolution calculation to be performed only at the locations where time-frequency components or important parts exist in the time-frequency image of interference signals, leading to reduce the superfluous computation. Furthermore, to further reduce the computational complexity, we introduce a novel adaptive forward propagation (AFP) algorithm, and the network can determine the depth of forward propagation according to the difficulty of the sample during inference. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed method reduces the computational complexity by about 75% when the recognition accuracy is slightly improved compared to the traditional CNNs.


Position within the environment influences the navigational relevance of objects. However, the possibility that vertical position represents a central object property has yet to be explored. Considering that the upper and lower visual fields afford distinct types of visual cues and that scene-selective regions exhibit retinotopic biases, it is of interest to elucidate whether the vertical location of visual information modulates neural activity in these high-level visual areas. The occipital place area (OPA), parahippocampal place area (PPA) and medial place area (MPA) demonstrate biases for the contralateral lower visual field, contralateral upper visual field, and contralateral hemifield, respectively. Interesting insights could also be gained from studying older adulthood as recent work points towards an age-related preference for the lower visual field. In the present study, young and older participants learned the position of a goal in a virtual environment that manipulated two variables: the vertical position of navigationally-relevant objects and the presence of non-relevant objects. Results revealed that all three scene-selective regions parsed the vertical position of useful objects independently of their subtending retinotopic biases. It therefore appears that representations in the higher-level visual system combined information about vertical position and navigational value for wayfinding purposes. This property was maintained in healthy aging emphasizing the enduring significance of visual processing along the vertical dimension for spatial navigation abilities across the lifespan.


The concept of peaceful coexistence has always been the general line of Soviet foreign policy. Of course, this concept has been liable to some development and improvement but its very emergence was a result of the Great October Revolution which gave birth to the socialist system. From its very inception the Soviet state proclaimed peaceful coexistence as the basic principle of its foreign policy. The fact that the very first political act of the Soviet Russia was the Decree on Peace, the decree on stopping the bloody war, is not to be considered an accident. The peaceful coexistence policy is not a tactical move on the part of the Soviet Union. Our desire for peace and peaceful coexistence springs from the very nature of our socialist society in which there are no social groups interested in profiting by means of war or by the arms race. Moreover, the principle of peaceful coexistence is the only realistic policy to pursue nowadays when the world consists of nations belonging to different social systems-capitalism and socialism. In view of the present alignment of forces in the world and of the progress of military technique, it is impossible to find any other sound basis for relations between countries except that of peaceful coexistence. We cannot even discuss this principle in terms whether we should "accept" or "reject" it. The point is that today peaceful coexistence is an indisputable fact of international life and not someone's request or suggestion. Peaceful coexistence is an objective necessity stemming from the contemporary stage of the development of human society. If we face facts squarely, we should admit that the essence of world politics now is the character of relations between the two main socioeconomic systems-capitalism and socialism. And capitalist and socialist countries exist side by side on our planet. The rise of socialism was an inevitable objective historical development. However, the capitalist world refused to recognize this fact and has repeatedly resorted to war to destroy its unwelcome neighbor. It is common knowledge that all these attempts have turned out to be futile. The attempts to solve differences between the two systems by means of war have always been costly for the common people. They resulted in millions of killed and


Dr Charles S. Kumkumian: We are happy to have our next speaker—a gentleman who is well known in France and in many other areas: Professor Fernand Pellerin is Professor of Analytical Chemistry at the University of Paris, Vice-President of the Commission of the French Pharmaco peia, an expert at the European Pharma copeia, past president of the Analytical Chemistry Division of IUPAC, and a member of the French Commission of Registration of Drugs. So he's the person who has a lot of answers for us in regard to the French and other areas of the E E C . He will talk to us on the reference stan dard—US and EEC requirements for do cumenting the proof of structure and physical/chemical propert ies. Professor Pellerin, we welcome you here.


A major bottleneck of MP@HL MPEG-2 decoder is the memory bandwidth. It is important to improve the utilization ratio of the memory bandwidth in MPEG2 decoder. To realize it, a new memory storing architecture is proposed in this paper. Since the number of overhead cycles needed for row-activations in SDRAM can be minimized, the memory bandwidth can be improved significantly. Compared with the linear translation, our experimental results show that the proposed architecture can reduce about 90% of row activations and 60% of the cycles needed by the decoder. It can easily meet MP@HL decoder bandwidth requirement without cache used.


The modern history of trade centers is divided into several stages and begins in the second half of the 18th century. The starting point for this type of structures can be considered to be the first passages. Paris was the birthplace of the passage. During the first half of the 19th century, they appeared in all the countries of Europe and North America. Further development of the passage was due to the construction of Crystal Palace in Hyde Park, London in 1851. New planning guidelines and building technologies transformed the passages and it can be seen in the Galleria Vittorio Emanuele II in Milan. In the late 19th century a new type of retail stores appeared - department store. Its principal difference from the passages is expressed in number of floors and more modern principles of trade, which is shown in zoning of the planning decisions of this type of structures. Symbolic object which generated new standards of construction and determined the immutable principles of construction of large shopping malls has become the Rockefeller Center in New York City.


For proper imaging and inversion, accurate information on the wavefield that is emitted into the ground is of paramount importance. In case of ground-coupled antennas and without the possibility of time windowing, the wave field in the ground can be best modeled by taking this coupling into account in the model. For air launched antennas, with less ground coupling, or when time windowing is possible, we can obtain the wave field in the ground from wave field extrapolation of the emitted wave field, which is recorded in a certain plane in free space. It is shown that in two media configuration, with homogenous layers, only the down going wave field in the upper half space below the antennas, contributed to the down going wave field in the lower half space. This is generally true for laterally homogenous media. The present state of the art in three-dimensional multi-component GPR imaging is to use analytic expression for Green's functions in canonical configurations that do not sufficiently match the real background. The reason is that full computation of the Sommerfeld-type integrals, which have to be solved for each image plane, are too time consuming for imaging GPR data within reasonable time. We show that approximations to the correct two-media Green's functions leads to a more accurate resolution function than exact formulations of the approximate Green's functions of a single homogenous medium. To achieve this, we use a wave field extrapolation method honoring the spectral bandwidth of the data to be imaged.


The Oral Health Observatory extension program (OSB/UFPE) aims to manage information and develop digital tools that improve the governance in oral health in the Unified Health System (SUS), through the development of research-teaching-extension. It currently shelters two projects: (1) Digital Health – development of electronic tools for the evaluation of services and health programs – and (2) Oral Health Information Management. The execution of these actions has a remote nature, in digital platforms and on-site at the Oral Health Information Management Laboratory. Aiming to improve the qualification of the actors involved, there has been seminars, courses, and events for each project, as well as the provision of technical and scientific products: research with undergraduate and postgraduate students; elaboration and dissemination of analytical newsletters for health services; development and use of digital health tools. The OSB is a collaborative support work network with multiple academic representatives (professors, undergraduates, residents, masters, and masters in the field of Public Health and Informatics) and services (city and state administrators, managers, professionals, and users of the dental services of the SUS), in which systematically coordinate to implement actions developed collectively. The operationalization of this program has promoted the integration with the service, aiming the improvement of management practices and the practice of professional in this field and has contributed to rapid and timely decision-making, guided on scientific evidence, enabling the improvement of the quality and promotion of health. Descriptors: Health Information Management. Digital Health Strategy. Governance. Health Education. Oral Health Observatory/UFPE: strategic information management and digital health actions in oral health Revista da ABENO • 21(1):1644, 2021 – DOI: 10.30979/revabeno.v21i1.1644 2


Work has no longer the central dimension in the society as in the industrial era. Nevertheless, it maintains an important role in the affirmation of subjectivity and in the paths of modernization. Contemporary age offers new opportunities for the individuals, especially considering the increasing importance given to well-being, knowledge and creativity in the working life. On the other side, there are many challenges to avoid the alienation and exploitation of humans and environmental life. At global level, logic of market seems to impose itself on the dignity and rights of workers, leading to a crisis of democracy and representation that accompanies the economic one.


This paper proposes a simulation-based optimization model addressing production and quality control in Hybrid Manufacturing Remanufacturing Systems (HMRS). Specifically, the challenging issue, in the remanufacturing context, of quality control under the stochastic nature of product returns is addressed. Experiments are conducted to measure the effect of the return rate variability on the system performances. The main finding is that when this variability is low, the impact of return rate uncertainty on the system performances remains minor. Hence investing in the costly market-driven product acquisition approach may be useless for a company which is not confronted to high variability in product returns. However, results showed that, when this return rate variability increases the critical stock level and optimal quality control changed considerably. Consequently, for a company that experiences such variability, acquiring returned products through the classic waste stream system may result in considerable increase of the total production cost.


The genetic basis of autism spectrum disorders (ASD) remains better understood and might concern only a small fraction of the genome if the neutral theory were true. We here analyzed published de novo single nucleotide variations in ASD and controls to better understand de novo mutations (DNMs) and to empirically test the neutral model. By comparing DNMs in ASD and control subjects with single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) found in the 1000 genomes project, we found that DNMs in normal subjects occurred at SNP sites at least 3.45 fold more frequent than expected from the neutral theory, whereas DNMs in ASD were less frequent (2.81 fold), especially so for common SNPs with minor allele frequency >0.01 (0.97 fold in ASD vs 1.81 fold in normal). We also analyzed the nucleotide compositions of DNMs and the parity (1:1 ratio) of pyrimidines and purines (Chargaff Parity Rule 1 and 2). We found that DNMs in ASD showed overall lower AT content than that in controls (P<0.05). Parity violations and AT bias in DNMs occurred at expected frequency based on chance (~0.05) in both ASD and controls. However, no individual was found to have both parity violation and AT bias among 290 normal and 429 ASD subjects studied. These results show enrichment of DNMs in SNP sites in normal subjects and less so in ASD, which is not expected from the neutral model, and indicate that DNMs are on average more deleterious in ASD than in controls.


The utility model provides a diode automatic slivering machine production line for automatic production, which comprises a fetching device, an acid pickling boat feed channel which transports an acid pickling boat to a fetching device station, a transfer platform device which transfers the fetching device, a working platform device, an aluminum disk feed channel and a discharge channel device, wherein the working platform device is fixed on a rack, the aluminum disk feed channel is located on one side of the working platform device, the invention has high control accuracy, adjustment is convenient and whole-line automatic slivering operation is realized; and manual operations are replaced by the full automatic operation and the acid pickling boat directly moves a half-finished diode to the aluminum disk by a mechanical hand, so that wrong operations are reduced, workers' labor strength is also relived and working efficiency and economic benefits are also increased.


In most current ice sheet models the rheological properties of ice are usually
assumed to be either isotropic or some effects of anisotropy are taken into account
by the use of a simple constant enhancement factor. Studies of ice cores have
shown that in natural ice sheets approximately isotropic ice only exists at shallow
depths typically less than several hundred metres. The large amounts of deeper
ice have developed strong anisotropic crystal orientation fabrics. The results from
both field and laboratory studies have indicated that the anisotropy due to flowinduced
crystal orientations has a considerable effect on ice flow rate, therefore,
the assumption of isotropic ice is no longer appropriate when anisotropy of the ice
crystal fabric develops and we need to take account of the interaction between
crystal orientation and rates of deformation. This project aims to incorporate into
an ice sheet rnpdel the effect of ice fabric anisotropy on the flow of ice.
A model for anisotropic ice flow in a polar ice sheet is developed. It is based on
laboratory measurements of ice rheology including ice cores and combined with
borehole measurements in the ice sheet. In the model the shear flow of ice is
enhanced as the ice passes through a range of stress regimes from predominantly
vertical compression to predominantly vertical shear stress, as it flows down
through the ice sheet. The enhanced flow, characterised by an increase in strainrates
compared to the secondary creep rate for isotropic ice, is primarily based on
laboratory measurements of tertiary creep under combined compression and shear
stresses.
To test this model two different flow lines in the Antarctic ice sheet have been
studied. One flow line is from Law Dome which is an isolated ice cap with
shallower and warmer ice. For comparison, the second, longer flow line, the
I.A.G.P traverse line inland of Casey in the interior of East Antarctica, was
studied to explore different conditions for deeper, colder ice and larger scale
bedrock features. A simple application of the model to a number of boreholes
with ice cores in Law Dome has been made, including a new borehole drilled in Law Dome Summit South where shear strain rates were measured as well as ice
core fabrics through the 1200 m depth to the bed. In the study areas a large
amount of glaciological work involving field surveys and ice core drilling
provides sufficient data for model inputs and for model verification. The results
from the model were compared with observations.
The implications of this work for other regions, including the whole Antarctic ice
sheet, were also investigated.
It is concluded that in regions of high bedrock roughness the occurrence of a high
shear layer of strongly anisotropic ice above the predominant bedrock
perturbations needs to be taken into account.


In this article have learnt the error of cubature formulas, which are exact for the bilinear splines for the different functions of two variable.


Psoriasis is an inflammatory skin disease of chronic recurrence mediated by the interaction between IL‐17 and keratinocytes, which sustains a vicious circle of inflammation. Safe and effective natural medicine is a potential strategy for the clinical treatment of psoriasis. Given its prominent anti‐proliferative and anti‐inflammatory properties, we investigated the actions of allicin in improving psoriasis.


Brain-machine interface (BMI) technology [1] offers an exciting means to study and to communicate with the complex brain. Neural activities can be observed or recorded through a range of neurophysiological measuring techniques and apparatus, such as functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), electroencephalography (EEG) and multi-electrode arrays. These neurophysiological measuring systems are becoming the key components in many emerging neuro-prostheses and neuro-rehabilitation applications. With the rapid advance of micro-electrode technology, the temporal and spatial resolution of the electrode arrays increases drastically [2]. This greatly enhances the neural recording throughput and enables capability of studying large neural network ensembles. However, the dramatic increase in data bandwidth and data volume associated with multichannel recording requires a significant computational effort. Because of involving statistical operations and iterative numerical procedures, most neural signal analysis algorithms [3] are highly computational intensive. As a result, software-based approach for multichannel neural signal analysis often requires off-line processing. Reconfigurable system, such as Filed Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs), embeds massively parallel computational resources and provides an effective alternative for real-time neural signal processing and data mining for multichannel neural recordings. Neural signal processing and data mining usually comprise multiple steps of spikes filtering, feature extractions and statistical computations due to the poor signal-to-noise ratio of the recorded action potentials and complex spike encodings. These complex signal processing routines are highly computational expensive. As a result, there is a major design challenge for reconfigurable system design in terms of power dissipation and hardware area. In this poster, we present a reconfigurable kernel design methodology that exploits the self-similarity nature of neural spikes and, thus, eliminates the need of temporal storage in signal processing. Three aspects are presented in this poster. First, a spikestreaming processing design principle that leads to efficient hardware implementation is presented. This design principle is further exemplified by several commonly used neural signal analysis algorithms including spike feature extractions (principal component analysis (PCA)), the covariance analysis (covariance matrix calculation), multi-channel signals separation (independent component analysis (ICA)), and clustering algorithms (k-means algorithm). Second, an FPGA-based hardware implementation methodology using the streaming based algorithm is presented. The design of a streaming kernel for spike feature extraction is presented as an example to illustrate the idea of memory reduction in streaming architecture design. Third, the proposed streaming method is examined by comparing with traditional batch processing approach over the above mentioned neural signal analysis algorithms. Real clinical data, synthetic spike trains, synthetic spike times are utilized to verify our streaming method. The reductions on hardware resources and power consumption are also rigorously evaluated using Xilinx FPGA devices. The software evaluation results show that the proposed streaming method provides an approximation to the original batch processing algorithm. In the case of spike train analysis, it can achieve similar results as the original algorithm, due to similarities in spike train. The accuracy of the streaming method depends on the streaming window size or the number of data for the streaming. The hardware evaluation results show that the memory and power saved by the streaming method depend on how much data is used in batch processing method and algorithms. We use Xilinx System Generator as design tool and perform power analysis through Xilinx Xpower. Hardware resource utilization is reported by Xilinx ISE. From the result we know that 16.6% to 54% power consumption can be reduced by using our streaming method if implementing algorithms on Virtex6, and 8.3% to 67% power can saved if implementing algorithms on Spartan6. BRAMs usage in all implementations can also be greatly reduced by using our streaming approach.


Sleep is important for body regeneration and cognitive performance [1]. On the one hand, total sleep deprivation (SD) has in general a negative impact on cognitive performance [1], on the other hand, there are significant individual differences in the vulnerability to SD [2,3]. Personality factors may partially explain these differences in vulnerability [4-6]. In a study on collaborative operations in control rooms we examine the influence of SD on controlled, artificial cognitive tasks and complex, more realistic cognitive tasks which involve collaboration in teams. For the complex tasks, a computer based simulation of monitoring and decision-making in control centers was used. In this simulation subjects work in teams of three in the control centre of a production plant. Their tasks require visual attention and logical reasoning. Furthermore, they are to make decisions which involve varying risks for themselves or for their teammates. We are interested if and how personality factors influence the impact of SD on cognitive performance. We hope that the findings help to optimize working conditions for shift workers like clinic personnel and air traffic controller.


Objective: Mental illness stigma plagues many individuals with mental health issues such as depression. Labels attributed to the mentally ill focus on meeting diagnostic criterion, increase association with mental illness identities, and do not always promote greater wellbeing. Body-Mind-Spirit (BMS) interventions for depression address mental health without promoting stigmatizing labels. This study identifies how yoga can help to reduce mental illness stigma, and examines the effectiveness of a yoga intervention conducted by an expatriate in a cross-cultural context. Methods: This study took a qualitative research approach to examine the effectiveness of a four-week yoga class as an alternative Body-Mind-Spirit (BMS) intervention on participant Jenny (pseudonym) by a licensed yoga instructor and expatriate. Interpretive content analysis of post-intervention interviews, and subjective observational analysis throughout the yoga classes captured the movements of Body-Mind-Spirit as well as their impacts on the participant's perceptions of mental illness and the change through yoga practice. Results: Some specific themes from the participant's narratives were identified that could give light to the mechanism of change through yoga that stifles mental illness stigma, transforms identity, and enhances attention. Conclusion and implications for practice: Most notably, changes occurred through the physical to psychological axis of wellbeing, indicating some symbolic mechanism in yoga that facilitates the flow of information from the body to the mind. As Jenny's awareness of her body deepened, her association with a stigmatizing mental illness identity decreased. Although this study was limited in its generalizability, it shows an increased understanding of how identity is an important link between BMS interventions and mental illness stigma. Furthermore these findings suggest that there is a need for rigorous research in the effectiveness of yoga on mental illnesses such as depression.


The only relatively long-lived fundamental particle which may possess an electric quadrupole momcnt is the OMEGA - hyperon, since it has spin 3/2. We consider the possibility that OMEGA - hyperons may be captured into atomic orbits at some future date. If this possibility should be realized (in spite of great technical difficulties), then it may be possible to determine simultaneously the electric quadrupole moment Q/sub OMEGA / and the magnetic dipolc moment mu /sub OMEGA / of the OMEGA - hyperon. In the present paper, we have calculated thc fine structure of the OMEGA --Pb atom for reasonable values of Q/sub OMEGA / and mu /sub OMEGA /. The n = 11, 1 = 10 yields n = 10, 1 = 9 transition has been considered, since there is some indication from an experiment on antiprotonic atoms that the capture of the OMEGA - by the nucleus will tak e place from a hydrogenic state with n of the order of 10 for lead, and 1 ~ n - 1. It is shown that for Q/sub OMEGA / = 2 x 10/sup -26/ cm/sup 2/, the quadrapole splittings should be resolvable experimentally. The magnetic dipole splittings have also beenmore » calculated. (auth)« less


A device to measure thermal conductivity of small specimens is presented. The specimen is sandwiched between two thermoelectric cells, one sources heat the other sink it. An infrared camera looks at the device and specimen on its side, determining both the heat flux flowing through it and the temperature gradient due to the unknown thermal resistance. The thermal conductivity is quickly recovered, as soon as the steady thermal regime is reached. The heat flux toward the environment is evaluated and minimized working at zero mean temperature difference. A couple of specimens made of materials used to prepare radiant heating floor screeds are measured. The Maxwell model to determine the thermal conductivity of mixture, based on the knowledge of the conductivity of the different phases and their volume fraction, is used to interpret the results.


Abstract Congenital cataracts, facial dysmorphism, and neuropathy (CCFDN) syndrome is a rare autosomal recessive disorder with multisystem involvement. The clinical features include cataracts with other ocular features, mild facial dysmorphism, and peripheral neuropathy with cognitive delay and hypogonadism. Diagnosis is mainly clinical with supportive evidence by electrophysiological studies and can be confirmed by identification of homozygous carboxy terminal domain phosphatase 1 (CTDP1) gene mutation. We investigated two siblings of a European Gypsy family where the parents are distant cousins who had a strong family history of cataracts and motor difficulties. Both siblings had bilateral congenital cataracts, delayed motor development, and subtle dysmorphic features with wasting of calf muscles. The presence of demyelinating neuropathy and homozygous IVS6+389C>T mutation located in CTDP1 confirmed CCFDN syndrome. To our knowledge, there are no reported cases in the United Kingdom. These two siblings were affected with this rare disorder with different severity.


Silver nanowires show enhancement in desired properties, due to high surface area and high aspect ratio, which increases the possibility in design and development of many advanced optoelectronic devices. The organization of silver atoms and the morphology of cylindrical nanowire highly influence the desired properties at various physical conditions during applications. Therefore, the synthesis of nanowires with desired atomic organization becomes essential. In the present study, a pseudo-1D morphology of silver nanowires, encapsulated into a Single Wall Carbon Nanotubes (SWCNTs), has been investigated by employing Molecular Dynamics (MD) simulation. At high temperature (T = 1500 K), molten silver encapsulated into a SWCNT attaining a low energy state followed by restricted thermal motion or vibration. With an increase in SWCNT diameter, various unique pseudo-1D morphologies of encapsulated silver atoms were observed during cooling from 1500 to 10 K. Silver atoms, encapsulated into a SWCNT having a diamete...


The Co(II), Zn(II), Ni(II), Cu(II), and Fe(II) complexes of 1-phenylbenzimidazole were synthesized and characterized by NMR and elemental analyses. The crystal structures of dichlorobis(1-phenyl-1 H-benzimidazole-κN3 )cobalt(II) and dichlorobis(1-phenyl-1 H-benzimidazole-κN3 )zinc(II) have been determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction.


: The novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), which was first identified in Wuhan, China, in late 2019, has now spread around the world. It significantly affects the lower respiratory tract, and pneumonia is always present in patients with the severe form of the disease. Many studies have shown that the severity of COVID-19 is lower in pediatric populations. It is important to determine why infants and young children are not severely affected by COVID-19. By increasing our awareness of this disease, we can prioritize our limited health resources. Several theories have been proposed to explain such significant differences between the pediatric and adult populations with COVID-19. Some of them are: (1) the role of angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2); (2) cross-immunity with other severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS)-like viruses; (3) obtunded systemic inflammatory response in children; (4) more efficient T cells in them; (5) interactions of SARS-Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) with other viruses in the mucosa of the lungs and airways; and (6) a hypothesis that COVID-19 proteins onslaught the heme on the β-1 chain of hemoglobin. The important thing to keep in mind is that the asymptomatic and mildly symptomatic pediatrics are crucial in the spread of COVID-19.


The safe life method for the fatigue life prediction of steel bridges has for several cases been shown to render misleading results. To improve the accuracy, a probabilistic model based on linear e ...


This report details the findings of a research project entitled Moving Ahead. The project aimed to examine factors that contribute to the successful transfer of people with intellectual disabilities from congregated to community-based living in two regional areas in Ireland. It was undertaken by a team of researchers from Ireland and the UK, led by Dr. Christine Linehan


The magnetization of 3He adsorbed on Grafoil measured at 3 mK displays a ferromagnetic peak as a function of coverage (around 2.5 layers) substantially above free spin value. This behavior is interpreted as the result of a large ferromagnetic exchange interaction between solid in the second layer and the liquid. Solid–liquid coexistence and subsequent compression of the solid in the second layer determine the peak shape. In-plane exchange is shown to be small by measurements at low densities in the first layer. The solid–liquid exchange mechanism explains the ferromagnetic effects observed in bulk liquid 3He confined in Grafoil; it should exist, with the same magnitude, at the solid–liquid interface of bulk 3He.


Chronic poverty and stressful life circumstances result in poor school performance and behaviors. Research demonstrates that these behaviors are not the result of student inadequacies and lack of proper discipline, but are rather of neurological adaptations to chronic poverty and toxic stress. These outcomes are driven by the body's attempt to protect itself even as the behaviors appear to be choices the student is making in a rational world. Neurobiologically, students adapt to these challenges by becoming both hypersensitive and self-protective. As a result, students are mistrustful and on alert beyond what is usual as a way of protecting themselves, consciously or unconsciously. Mindfulness programs provide important tools for shifting these challenges in the classroom by supporting feelings of safety and opportunities for growth and change in student learning and behaviors. Demonstrating the actual practice of mindfulness is not our intent given that there are many ways of using and learning mindfulness in the classroom. Rather, the focus is on the neurological outcomes of stressful lives, the neurological impact of mindfulness training, and providing resources for addressing student negative experiences and behaviors in schools.


Family medical practice is an ideal context for the early detection and delivery of programs to reduce tobacco and excessive alcohol use. Family doctors have a high contact rate with the general public and are readily accessible. L2 A study conducted among more than 13,000 patients served by 119 family physicians in Sydney reported that 35% of men and 29% of women were smokers 3 and 12 and 10%, respectively, were drinking alcohol at levels considered hazardous or harmful. 4 Indeed, a majority of these patients felt their doctor should be interested in their smoking and drinking. -~


High-permittivity dielectric ceramic materials have been applied in the fabrication of a planar stepped-impedance resonator (SIR) microwave bandpass filter. The input/output ports of the filter are formed with transmission lines directly tapped to the resonators. The admittance matrix for the equivalent circuit of the filter has been derived and transformed to the scattering matrix to initially determine the required spec. Losses and other EM effects are taken into account to further modify the actual dimension of the designed filter. The designed structures are simulated using an IE3D simulator. Fabricated filters are measured by an HP8510B network analyzer. Sample results of the filter performances demonstrate responses in good agreement with the computer simulations. © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 26: 410–413, 2000.


Aman in his 50swith a history of hypercholesterolemia and type 2 diabetesmellitus was referred for diarrhea (5-6 timesperday) anda27-kgweight loss in thepreceding5months. The patient did not have abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, or a history of abdominal surgical procedures and did not use alcohol or tobacco. On physical examination, the patient's abdomen was soft, nontender, and nondistended, with no palpable masses, and he did not appear jaundiced. Results of laboratory testing demonstrated a carbohydrate antigen 19-9 level of less than 1 U/mL and a carcinoembryonic antigen level of 6.0 ng/mL (to convert tomicrograms per liter, multiply by 1.0). Aduodenalmasswas foundusingesophagogastroduodenoscopyandbiopsieswere taken. To further evaluate the lesion, thepatient underwent a computed tomographic scanof the abdomen and pelvis with contrast dye (Figure 1). A B


Framework of financial markets. Activity of market partecipants. Microstructure and orderflow. Introduction to market microstructure. Statistical studies and trading strategy. Theory and statistical methods.


. Among the almost 1400 landslides triggered by the shocks of the 2016-2017 Central Italy seismic sequence, only a limited number, all classifiable as rockslides, involved volumes larger than 100 m 3 . Four of these failures, including the three largest, were described in terms of structural and geomechanical investigations in a previous study. In this paper, the mechanics of these failures under seismic actions are investigated. The estimated acceleration time histories at the rockslide sites were evaluated through a 2D simplified numerical model accounting for the attenuation phenomena and for the 15 topographic effect of the rock cliffs from which the slide detached. Instantaneous stability analyses were carried out to obtain insights into the variability of the instantaneous margin of safety along the development of the shocks over the entire spectrum of mechanisms that could be activated. Finally, some general suggestions on the pseudo-static verification method for three-dimensional cases are proposed, which represent useful indications to hazard evaluation at local and regional scale. and originated on steep slopes, where inertial forces 25 easily remove well-delimited and scarcely constrained blocks from the slope through rigid sliding/toppling or tensile failures of overhanging blocks. All these instability phenomena are very "brittle", i.e., relatively small displacements develop before the constraints change abruptly and a fast propagation phase begins with a free fall of single or multiple non-interacting blocks. normalized is an absorbing boundary, applied to the lateral which are located at least five times H from the slope face. A formulation was assumed with a uniform critical damping ratio of D = 0.5%. • Author contribution L.V. conceptualization, formal analysis and software, writing-original, writing-review, visualization; G.F. and M.D.F.: geological investigation, writing-original, writing-review, visualization, PT: conceptualization, geotechnical investigation, funding acquisition, writing-review; GL: supervision, writing-review, funding acquisition, KF: 295 UAV investigation, writing-review, funding; AS: investigation, supervision, funding acquisition


This report describes implementation of comprehensive and integrated models to evaluate plasma material interactions during normal and abnormal plasma operations. The models in full3D simulations represent state-of-the art worldwide development with numerous benchmarking of various tokamak devices and plasma simulators. In addition, significant number of experimental work has been performed in our center for materials under extreme environment (CMUXE) at Purdue to benchmark the effect of intense particle and heat fluxes on plasma-facing components. This represents one-year worth of work and resulted in more than 23 Journal Publications and numerous conferences presentations. The funding has helped several students to obtain their M.Sc. and Ph.D. degrees and many of them are now faculty members in US and around the world teaching and conducting fusion research. Our work has also been recognized through many awards.


This research deals with the survival of hik vendors in Ponorogo. This reseach is aimed at investigating how they can survive in facing the business competition in Ponorogo. The subjects of the research are the vendors and their consumers. The subject-selecting technique snowball. The data-collecting technique is in-depth interview and the data-analyzing technique is interactive analysis model. The conclusion of this research is as follows: (a) the vendors can develop and survive well in business competition in Ponorogo because they have good survival ability supported by skill and work spirit comprising the good social capital; (b) the consumers that visit these vending stalls are not only for drinking and eating, but also for relaxing, chatting, and other joyful social activities. Kata Kunci : warung hik (angkringan), kemampuan bertahan


Sensory or sensorimotor demyelinating polyneuropathies may be associated with monoclonal immunoglobulins (paraproteins). Our prior experience suggests that "off‐line" Prosorba® column treatments may be effective therapy for patients with polyneuropathies associated with paraproteins of the IgG class. We report herein the treatment, using Prosorba®, of 2 patients with peripheral neuropathies and paraproteins of the IgM class and 1 patient with peripheral neuropathy whose paraprotein was of the IgA class. All three patients were treated "off‐line" with Prosorba® six times in a 2‐week period. Each time they were phlebotomized 1 U of whole blood. The plasma and red cells were separated in the blood bank. The plasma was passed over the column while the red blood cells were returned to the patient through a heparin lock. Then the treated plasma was returned separately. There were no adverse effects of treatment, and, in one patient with an IgM paraprotein and one with an IgA paraprotein, neurological symptoms and signs improved over the subsequent 2 weeks. Prosorba® appears effective for predominantly sensory demyelinating polyneuropathies associated with M‐components of all major immunoglobulin classes. Our current experience further suggests that the mechanism of action of Prosorba® may not depend on removal of small amounts of IgG‐containing immune complexes from patients' plasma. A proper large‐scale clinical trial is warranted. J. Clin. Apheresis 14:159–162, 1999. © 1999 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.


Single-Crystal CVD-Diamond Detectors (SC-DD) of ~ 300μm thickness have been tested in Cave A with proton beams of Ep > 1AGeV as start detectors for minimum ionizing particles. Fast charge-sensitive amplifiers developed at GSI and Bucharest were used. At particle rates up to 1MHz, stable operation and detection efficiency of ~100% are observed. The measured time resolution of σ ≥ 330ps is not satisfying. The next step will be the test of 'sandwich' detectors providing shorter rise time at higher S/N ratio. In FRS [1] experiments, the energy-loss (ΔE) and the Z-resolution of three SC-DD of 400μm thickness, a size of 4x4mm and an active area of 3mm in diameter were measured using Xe projectiles of different energies: 334 AMeV, 740 AMeV and 1.2 AGeV, respectively. The fragments produced on a Be target of 4g/cm were identified via Bρ, ToF measured with lucite scintillators between S2 and S4, and ΔE into two MUSIC detectors placed at S4 in front and behind the diamonds. Even for the primary xenon beams the beam spot onto the diamonds was larger than the size of the active detector area. Due to 'boarder' events of different timing and shape, low-energetic tails appear in the raw energy spectra. However, for all three projectile energies the preliminary online data analysis shows an unexpected good ΔE/E resolution of 1%-2%, which is comparable to the resolution of the ionization chambers. In fragmentation spectra (Fig. 1) all particles are clearly identified with a ΔZ/Z ≤ 1.


It is unfortunate that the author wrote no introduction to this work, for his purpose is not clear. Nearly one-third is the text which is supposedly about "contemporary" Europe deals with the well-known history of nineteenth century Europe since the Congress of Vienna. The "National Question in Contemporary Europe" is then finally the focus of the next thirty pages, followed by nearly ninety pages on the national question in Yugoslavia. The final pages discuss the transition "from limited sovereignty to the 'Soviet' and 'Socialist' nation" and such topics as "history's morals and messages."


Poiseuille flow and the thermal transpiration of a rarefied gas through a long straight pipe with a rectangular cross section are analyzed numerically based on the linearized Boltzmann equation for a hard sphere molecular gas. A deterministic numerical analysis based on the finite difference is carried out, where the collision integral is evaluated with the aid of the numerical kernel method [Y. Sone et al., Phys. Fluids A 1, 363 (1989)]. The numerical solution, the mass flow rate as well as the macroscopic variables, is presented and discussed for a wide range of the Knudsen number and various aspect ratios of the cross section.


Alexandre Kojeve, born in Russia and educated there and in Germany, lived mostly in France, where he powerfully influenced intellectual life through a seminar on Hegel's Phenomenology of Spirit that he taught in Paris at the Ecole Pratique des Hautes Etudes from 1933–9. After the war, he worked as a high-level counselor in the Bureau of Foreign Economic Affairs of the French Ministry of Economics, where he dealt with such matters as the Marshall Plan, the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade, the European Coal and Steel Community, and the European Economic Community. He died in 1968 at an international meeting in Brussels.

Keywords:

dialectic;
historicism;
philosophy of history


This study aims to Measure The Use of the Continuous Improvement Technique (Kaizen) in Egyptian Hotels' An Exploratory Study on a Sample of Five-star Hotels in Giza


The structural and electrical properties of excimer laser annealed polycrystalline silicon thin-film transistors (polysilicon TFTs) are investigated in relation to the laser energy density. The devices were fabricated on 50 nm thick polysilicon films prepared by excimer laser crystallization (ELA) of amorphous silicon or by a combined solid phase crystallization (SPC) and ELA process. The structural properties of the polysilicon films have been investigated by transmission electron microscopy analysis. The effective density of states distributions in the polysilicon films and in the oxide traps near the oxide/polysilicon interface have been determined from low frequency noise measurements. The TFT performance parameters are compared with respect to their correlation with the structural properties of the polysilicon films and their electrically active defects, the basic variables being the starting material (amorphous silicon or SPC polysilicon) and the laser energy density.


The Malaysian Education Development Plan 2013-2025 (PPPM 2013-2025) is a plan that emphasizes the importance of applying Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics (STEM) to meet Industry 4.0 challenges. This is to produce skilled human capital in the area of future technology that is at the core of Industry 4.0. In Malaysia, the implementation of STEM is seen in the second wave as governments, statutory bodies, associations, non-governmental organizations (NGOs) and external agencies work together to promote STEM to the community. In support of this initiative, a program called School Attack 2019 was held at SMK Skudai attended by 100 students selected from Form One. There are six different modules designed for the syllabus for this school and are taught in a fun way by students from various backgrounds from Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (UTM). Therefore, the purpose of this paper is to study and analyze the effectiveness of the module, facilitator efficiency and evaluate the success of the program. The results show that student satisfaction gradually increases for the best-managed modules, indicating that proactive implementation of appropriate responses to student feedback on their learning journey is effective in enhancing student satisfaction and learning.


According to the requirement ofintegration of fire protection systems, an information exchange platform is advanced to provide unified and centralized information exchange mechanism for the situation that every information system needs message to coordination. This article analyzes system target, then builds system architecture by function-modeling. Two key technologies that are message engine and data synchronization are deeply analyzed and detailed designed. This platform can mostly fulfill the requirement and have the advantage of maintain and robustness.


The tooth is one of the most common missing vestigial organs eg: third molars. Supernumerary teeth are common in the anterior maxilla than posterior maxilla and mandible. This article reports a case of bilateral maxillary and mandibular fourth molars.


This paper presents QoStat a GUI based tool, which gives us the possibility to visualize in real time the most important values related to QoS provision. With it we can also change on the fly the most important operational parameters of the mechanisms associated with QoS provision. In this way, it is possible to understand with depth the behavior of those systems--for instance, to study cause-effect relations between the values of the referred parameters and the QoS in fact provided to the different IP traffic flows or classes.


This essay discusses the structure of an econometric report, format of tables and diagrams, as well as precision of numerical results.


Studies have reported age as a risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD)‐related mortality; however, only a few studies have focused on the relationship between age and CVD‐related mortality, especially among major gastrointestinal cancers.


Addresses #89: Fixes torsion t56 , where SMIRKS [!1:1]-[#7X4,#7X3:2]-[#6X4;r3:3]-[*:4] should be [!#1:1]-[#7X4,#7X3:2]-[#6X4;r3:3]-[*:4] . The first means "not an isotope with mass 1" ( !1 ), but we intend for it to apply to all hydrogens, so it has been changed to !#1 .


This is the second article of a three-part series that continues the discussion on the fundamentals of writing research protocols for quantitative, clinical research studies. In this editorial, the author discusses some considerations for including information in a research protocol on the study design and approach of a research study. This series provides a guide for undergraduate researchers interested in publishing their protocol in the Undergraduate Research in Natural and Clinical Sciences and Technology (URNCST) Journal.


Afforestation application test about bare root of Haloxylon ammodendro by method of root dip were conducted on "eyebrows style" wheat-straw-checkerboard barriers in dunes in arid desert region of Minqin in 2010 by using drought-resistant powders.Result shows that:drought-resistant powders in arid sandy area in Minqin can improve the survival rate the plant's own resistance,control water loss maintain water balance in plants,delay plant life cycle,inhibite growth of state forests,reduce planting costs,and promote growth development of Haloxylon ammodendro.Therefore,drought-resistant powders in arid semiarid regions,which has become an effective way of increasing survival rate,reducing planting costs speeding up development of forestry,has good application prospects.


The challenge associated with the adjustment and overlapping of different techniques becomes especially evident in media research. The article examines the passive techniques of mass media measurement exemplified by the study of television oriented to handle the problem of objectively verifiable data acquisition.


The invention relates to a method for painting large parts (9) having a flexibility that renders said parts geometrically unstable in the event of being moved. The surface to be painted (25) of a part (9) is moved in front of a paint spraying device (27) by the arm (7) of a robot (5), while the spraying device (27) remains stationary relative to the robot (5) and the part (9) is deformed. The invention also relates to a gripper (11) of large parts (9), suitable in particular for implementing the method, to a use of the gripper (11) for treating parts (9), to a facility (10) and to a chamber for the surface treatment of parts (9).


Currently, global trade is becoming more integrated creating new markets to open up as well as shifts in the traditional business models. The increasing trend of outsourcing and offshoring bring a significant change in the global landscape of business. Global access of market through e-commerce, provides further opportunities for recovery and expansion not only for MNCs but also for SMEs. The trends and transformations of global value chains (GVCs) and global market are possible because of the fast progress in ICT development, particularly in transportation and logistics. As new ICT technology comes in, access to a more sophisticated business method and process widens and enables small and medium sized firms to modernize their operations. It also enables a wider and deeper collaboration between firms - both within and between local SMEs and MNCs. Government policies could facilitate the process by providing the necessary support in terms of better 'hard' ICT infrastructure as well as in providing the required regulatory framework.


Disclosed the preparation and properties of the inverse-type organic solar cell of a large fabricated using the all-spraying. A reverse-type organic solar cell, four layers on a substrate, i.e. PEDPT: comprising a PSS as the anode, sealed solar cell array, in the range of visible light near infrared, showing transmittance of 30% or more. Optimization by thermal annealing was carried out based on a single cell or multi-cell array. The sunlight irradiation, the irradiance of AM 1.5, with 1.80% of the device efficiency, the efficiency of the solar cell array is shown that improved up to 250%. Improvement of performance under irradiation is caused only by the spray device, since it shows the improvement of the device at the sunlight, it is useful in applications of solar energy. The translucent characteristics of the solar cell module, a window, windshield, interior applications and tents, military backpack enables application to soft fabric material such as battle dress, which can and renewable carried to deployed military results in a higher power supply. .FIELD 1


Research purposes:High speed railway needs a very strict control of post-construction subgrade settlement.The post-construction subgrade settlemen mainly refers to the residual subgrade settlement after the track is laid.The design speed of the Shijiazhuang-Wuhan high-speed Railway is 350 km/h with the ballastless track.During the construction,the monitoring and research were done on the subgrade settlement in the tested section in order to research the scientificness of reinforcing subgrade. Research conclusions:The pile + plate structure and CFG pile composite foundation was used for reinforcing the deep soft soil foundation along with the heap pre-loading.The settlement volume during construction was up to the 72%-85% of the total settlement volume,so the post-construction settlement was effectively controlled.The vertical settlement of the foundation in the whole section was even and it met the demand of laying the ballstless track and proved the reinforcement measures were feasible.


Si-doped diamond films are deposited on cobalt cemented tungsten carbide (WC-Co) welding dies using hot filament chemical vapor deposition (HFCVD) method, where tetraethoxysilane (C8H20O4Si) is introduced in the reactive chamber as silicon source by bubbling method. Filed emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM) and Raman spectroscopy are used to characterize the as-deposited diamond films. The results show that silicon doping can reduce the diamond crystal size and residual stress of diamond films, and also increase the FWHM of first order diamond Raman line. The polishing time of diamond coated welding dies also can be shortened by silicon doping. Si-doped diamond coated welding dies possesses comparable practical application performance with conventional diamond coated welding dies. Compared with the nylon and WC-Co welding dies, the working lifetime of diamond coated welding dies increases 200 and 10 times, respectively.


The ultraviolet (UV) stabilities of liquid crystal compounds containing cyano (CN) and isothiocyanato (NCS) terminal groups are compared. UV exposure is found to degrade the clearing temperature, birefringence, dielectric constants and visco-elastic coefficient of the liquid crystal compounds. The measured data show that the NCS molecular structure exhibits a better UV stability than do the corresponding CN structures. Lewis resonance structures are used to explain this phenomenon.


ABSTRACT Students from Eastern countries score well on international assessments in science yet lack interest in pursuing science careers. Several factors play into students' perceptions of science and scientists, including their home life and attributes of the society in which they live (habitus and capital). One understudied means of examining this issue is exploring the extent to which these perceptions relate to students' role model ideations of scientists, especially among non-western student populations. This paper explores 159 South Korean students' perceptions of science and scientists at two private K-12 schools in South Korea using an adapted form of the Draw-a-Scientist Test. Using the motivational theory of role modeling (MTRM) as a theoretical framework, data was coded from surveys using the three MTRM constructs: goal embodiment, attainability, and desirability. Comparisons were made between schools, genders, across age ranges, and from their direct and indirect knowledge sources of scientists using thematic coding and chi-square analysis. Reported sources of scientists were predominantly sourced from popular media. Although the results suggest no significant difference between how science role models were perceived or ideated between schools or genders, sampled students viewed scientists as embodying goals of intelligence with low ideations of attainability and desirability.


The Haldane model in a honeycomb lattice is one of the simplest examples of systems that present a quantized Hall conductivity in the absence of an external magnetic field also known as quantum anomalous Hall effect. By means of analytical and numerical calculations, we show that this model presents different energy spectrum and Hall conductivity in the presence of positive and negative external magnetic fields of same intensity. This difference was ignored by previous calculations and indicates that the low-energy approximation is not always sufficient to capture important features of the electronic properties described by tight-binding Hamiltonians.


The author draws upon a number of studies to examine the multistaged process of selection and socializa tion—from medical school through internship and residency and into the research career—that pertains to the develop ment of research physicians with an ethically informed concern for human subjects. Recent changes relevant to this process are discussed, deficiencies are analyzed, brief recom mendations for remedies and improvements are made, and the need for supplementary controls is reaffirmed, all in the interest of more rational and better protection of sub jects' welfare and rights.


The authors conducted a meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials evaluating the effectiveness of an advance telephone prompt from a medical peer to improve survey response rates among Australian medical practitioners. (non-author abstract)


Convolution Neural Networks (CNNs) have received considerable attention due to their ability to learn directly from data classification features. CNNs used for human motion classification, where predefined and fixed convolutional filter size used. In this paper, different sizes and numbers of filters were used with CNN to determine their effect on accuracy of human motion classification. This work has been done through series of experiments; in each experiment, different filter size and number of filters have been applied. The best performance has been obtained when using 4 convolution layers and 2 pooling layers, whereas has been used the large filter size with upper convolution layer and with each layer the size of filter decreased and number of filters increased, so that, the maximum value of the accuracy classification was 98.98%.


Extremely fine (submicronic) regular (spherical) nickel powders were synthesized in an autoclave upon 'hypocritical', critical and hypercritical conditions, starting from rosin nickel salts as precursors. The nature of the solvent used to suspend the rosin salt appears to be of primary importance; 2-Butanol gave better results than acetone. The (T, P) parameters are not believed to be essential since adequate microstructures were obtained below the critical parameters of 2-butanol. Consequently, the special properties associated with supercritical fluids are not thought to play an important role herein. In comparison, the thermal degradation of the rosin precursor under atmospheric conditions displays some significant drawbacks, such as a higher processing temperature, a less satisfactory microstructure and a heterogeneous macroscopic aspect of the powder.


Different starch properties may cause alterations in the foodstuff's external appearance. However, modification processes in starches are usually secretive. The use of chemically modified starches is regulated by international standards, which makes it important to identify its presence and type. Mid-infrared spectroscopy (MIR)-modified starches' identification can be hindered by the presence of excess glucose. This research investigates types of modification in commercial starches and in approaches that circumvent MIR's limitations with exploratory analysis. It also considers that enzymatic hydrolysis (α-amylase and amyloglucosidase) can highlight the points of modification in the structure, which can be detected with infrared assays. To determine if sour cassava starch (FCS) is modified and check its type, six samples were selected: a native one, three of the most common cassava modified starches (etherified, esterified, and FCS), and two laboratory processed samples (Acid, Oxidized). The results showed that the sour cassava starch showed similarities with a commercial ester and an oxidized cassava starch, which may be due to the formation of a graft, corresponding to what the literature has already reported for corn starch treated with lactic acid and gamma radiation.


Objective:To study the pathological,mammographic and ultrasounographic features of the mammary hamartoma.Methods:Twelve cases with mammary hamartoma were analyzed retrospectively.To study the clinical material,mammographic,gross and histologic feature in detail.Results:Based on the main pathological characteristics we can classified the mammary hamartoma into three kinds of types.Conclusion:The mammary hamartoma is a poorly recognised benign breast neoplasm,comprehensive analysis in clinical can improve the correct diagnosis rate and avoid the misdiagnosis and wrong treatment.


Based on an overview of the intellectuals "consciousness of original sin" in modern China,this paper demonstrates the source ,development, variation and dissipation of the "consciousness of original sin" in different stages.It attempts to analyse another reason of the loss of independent spirit and liberal mind in the repeated movement of "rebuilding the mind" after China's liberation,and summarize the experiences and absorb the lessons from it.


The sensitivity properties of the recently introduced common structure for recursive discrete transforms are investigated. This structure is based on digital resonators in a feedback loop. It is shown that this structure has very nice sensitivity properties near to the resonator pole frequencies, and that by locating the resonator poles properly, even the 'passivity' of the feedback loop can be easily guaranteed. >


A way of viewing alphabetic orthographies is proposed, according to which almost everything other than the basic principle of one-phoneme-one-letter comes under the umbrella concept of 'marking devices'. For clarity of presentation, and for comparative purposes, the limited range of such devices existing in the Spanish orthography are outlined, after which the much wider range of those existing in the English system are examined. Apart from devices common to the two languages, the many uses of silent and consonant gemination are concentrated on. Further sections deal with digraph spellings of tense vowels, spellings reflecting underlying forms, and unmarked and marked pronunciations.


T he amount of publicly available sequence data (mainly genomic DNA, messenger RNA, and their corresponding protein sequences) is increasing exponentially, primarily as a result of the latest advances in sequencing techniques and the Human Genome Project. Although this sequence data is becoming the


Objective To explore the optimal condition for purification of total flavonoids from Viscum liquiddambaricolum Hayata.with macroporous resin.Methods The process technology for purification of total flavonoids with macroporous resin was selected by absorption ratio through orthogonal test.Results The AB-8 macroporous resin owned optimum absorption and elution ability.The optimum absorption conditions were the sample concentration 2.55 mg·ml-1,pH 3,the current velocity 3 BV·h-1,the eluant 60% ethanol(5BV).Conclusion The AB-8 macroporous resin can be used to purify total flavonoids from Viscum liquiddambaricolum,the purity of total flavonoids is about 60%.