Discrete Event Simulation (DES) is a widely used technique i n which the state of the simulator is updated by events happeni ng at discrete points in time (hence the name). DES is used to mod el and analyze many kinds of systems, including computer archi te tures, communication networks, street traffic, and others. Parallel and Distributed Simulation (PADS) aims at improving the effi ciency of DES by partitioning the simulation model across mu ltiple processing elements, in order to enable larger and/or more d etailed studies to be carried out. The interest on PADS is increasing since the widespread availability of multicore processors and af fordable high performance computing clusters. However, designing p arallel simulation models requires considerable expertise, the re sult being that PADS techniques are not as widespread as they could be. I n this paper we describe ErlangTW, a parallel simulation midd leware based on the Time Warp synchronization protocol. ErlangTW i s entirely written in Erlang, a concurrent, functional progr amming language specifically targeted at building distributed sys tem . We argue that writing parallel simulation models in Erlang is c onsiderably easier than using conventional programming lang u ges. Moreover, ErlangTW allows simulation models to be executed either on single-core, multicore and distributed computing a rchitectures. We describe the design and prototype implementation of ErlangTW, and report some preliminary performance results on multicore and distributed architectures using the well known P HOLD benchmark.


The toxicity of Clostridium perfringens was determined in mice utilizing three different routes of inoculation. There was marked variation in the minimum lethal dose with the different routes; the largest amount was required for the intracutaneous route, less for the intravenous route, and least with the intraperitoneal route. The relationship of toxicity to the lecithinase content of different toxin preparations was assayed. It was found that the toxicity of toxin preparations in different states of purification was not correlated with their lecithinase content.


[Objective] To observe the effect of Shenfu injection on congestive heart failure.[Methods] The 100 patients of congestive heart failure were randomly divided into treatment group and control group,50 patients in each group.Based on routine therapy,the former added with Shenfu injection,the latter only with routine therapy.[Results] After treatment,the total effective rate of treatment and control groups were 94% and 82% respective,there was statistical difference(P0.05)between the two group.In the treatment group no side effects were present.[Conclusion] There is an obvious therapeutic effect of Shenfu injection in treating congestive heart failure.


Growing interest in industrial human-robot interaction (HRI) applications makes it necessary to look deeper into the design of systems, where humans collaborate, interact, or at least coexist with industrial robots. This study investigates the influence of the trajectory of an industrial robot's Tool Center Point (TCP) on user well-being as well as human performance in the cooperative scenario HRI. Therefore, a study with a total of 19 participants was conducted. The subjects had to perform several tasks (visually interacting with the robot and performing an audio n-back task), while the robot made different motions in their vicinity. Results show that variable, i.e. non predictable, robot motions lead to reduced human well-being and performance. Consequently, non-predictable motions are not suited for use in HRI. Well-being and performance can be enhanced if the robot moves directly on a straight line from start to finish.


Providing accurate gradient currents is challenging due to the gradient chain nonlinearities, arising from gradient power amplifiers and power supply stages. This work introduces a new characterization approach that takes the amplifier and power supply into account, resulting in a nonlinear model that compensates for the current droop.


London researchers studied the metabolism of ethinyl estradiol in 16 women and 1 man with radioactive labeling. 22.6-46.9% of the radioactivity whether administered orally or intravenously was excreted in the urine within 5 days. As much as 36% of the urinary radioactivity was present in the unconjugated form but the remainder was extractable after enzymic hydrolysis. Ethinyl estradiol was itself the major urinary metabolite. Up to 30% of the administered radioactivity was excreted via the feces; most of the extractable radioactivity was in the unconjugated form. 29.6% of fecal radioactivity was accounted for by ethinyl estradiol itself. 1 hour and 1 day respectively after administration plasma levels of 3.32% and 1.72% of the administered radioactivity were found per liter; most of these metabolites were sulphate conjugates.(Authors modified)


James Nicholson was educated at King's College, London, and Surrey University. He has worked in the Middle East for 17 years and has been living in Riyadh for the last nine years. This article reflects a lecture he gave to the Society on 7 January 2006. His book on the Hejaz Railway was published by Stacey International in 2005.


List of illustrations Acknowledgements Note on references List of abbreviations Introduction: plots and protagonists 1. Child murder and commercial society in the early eighteenth century 2. 'A squeeze in the neck for bastards': the uncivilised spectacle of child-killing in the 1770s and 1780s 3. 1789/1803: Martha Ray, the mob, and Malthus's Mistress of the Feast 4. 'Bright and countless everywhere': the New Poor Law and the politics of prolific reproduction in 1839 5. 'A nation of infanticides': child murder and the national forgetting in Adam Bede 6. Wragg's daughters: child murder towards the fin de siecle 7. English babies and Irish changelings Appendix: on the identity of 'Marcus' Notes Bibliography Index.


The utility model discloses an assembly type gridded shear wall structure system. The assembly type gridded shear wall structure system comprises a shear wall body, an upper hidden constraint beam and two vertical edge constraint members, wherein the shear wall body is spliced by a plurality of prefabricated gridded shear wall units which are distributed on the same vertical side, and the adjacent prefabricated gridded shear wall units are connected through hidden connecting columns; the prefabricated gridded shear wall units are rectangular wall units; each prefabricated gridded shear wall unit comprises a concrete wall body and an internal frame cast in the concrete wall body; each internal frame comprises a plurality of lattice beams and lattice columns, the lattice beams and the lattice columns constitute a rectangular grid frame, and each rectangular heat insulation plate is nested in each rectangular grid of the rectangular grid frame. The assembly type gridded shear wall structure system is simple in structure, reasonable in design, convenient to construct and low in investment cost, and is capable of effectively solving the problem that a conventional integral assembly type shear wall structure is high in concrete consumption, high in investment cost, poor in structural integrity, poor in stress performance and the like.


(57) Abstract: lubricating oil showing the rust resistance is the lubricating oil, obtained by addition of an acid scavenger such as an acidic rust inhibitor and a carbodiimide in a specific order.


In this paper, by using the "twisting technique" we obtain a class of new modules A b over the Witt algebras W n from modules A over the Weyl algebras K n (of Laurent poly-nomials) for any b ∈ C . We give necessary and sufficient conditions for A b to be irreducible, and determine necessary and sufficient conditions for two such irreducible W n -modules to be isomorphic. Since sl n + 1 ( C ) is a subalgebra of W n , all the above irreducible W n -modules A b can be considered as sl n + 1 ( C ) -modules. For a class of such sl n + 1 ( C ) -modules, denoted by (cid:2) 1 − a (λ 1 , λ 2 , · · · , λ n ) where a ∈ C , λ 1 , λ 2 , · · · , λ n ∈ C ∗ , we determine necessary and sufficient conditions for these sl n + 1 ( C ) -modules to be irreducible. If the sl n + 1 ( C ) -module (cid:2) 1 − a (λ 1 , λ 2 , · · · , λ n ) is reducible, we prove that it has a unique nontrivial submodule W 1 − a (λ 1 , λ 2 , ...λ n ) and the quotient module is the finite dimensional sl n + 1 ( C ) -module with highest weight m(cid:4) n for some non-negative integer m ∈ Z + . We also determine necessary


An increase in the number of twin births during the past 10 years is reported for Louisville Kentucky in contrast to the declining singleton birthrate. The additional twins were being born to younger mothers of lower parity especially in 1970-1974. The gain in twinning rate was based on same-sex pairs which steadily increased while opposite-sex pairs remained constant. Application of the Weinberg rule led to the conclusion that the monozygotic twinning rate had significantly increased. Some possible contributory factors are discussed - among them the use of oral contraceptives.(FULL TEXT)


High market demand for tuna drives the increasing intensity of tuna fishery in Sendangbiru waters. This occours also in almost all of Indonesian waters. High intensity of tuna fishing especially in Southern Java will threaten the preservation and sustainabilityof tuna resource. The decreasing trend of CPUE occured in the last 3 years (2013-2015) indicates that the exploitation rate of tuna resources in Sendangbiru was over fishing. This study aims to assess the status of tuna reasources due to fishing in Sendangbiru. The method used in this research is length based spawning potential ratio approaches or LB-SPR. Results from this study showed that the utilization of tuna resources in Sendangbiru is already at the level of over-exploited as shown by SPR value of 16.98 (less than 20%). Keywords : decreasing tren of CPUE, LB-SPR, Tuna fisheries


Underpinning the aim of India's National Education Policy, 2020 to  devise a performance-based funding mechanism, it is pertinent to  examine the impact of existing financial support on the university's  performance. Using a fixed panel data analysis, the present study  investigates the influence of funding on the performance of Indian  public universities over the period 2016-2020. The funding is considered  in terms of the plan and non-plan grants received by universities  from the central government, while performance is measured using  performance parameters given by National Institutional Ranking  Framework, 2021. Controlling the age, size and ownership type of  university, findings reveal a significantly positive impact of funding on  teaching performance, research performance and graduation outcomes  of government-owned universities. Surprisingly, university's outreach,  inclusivity and peer perception have been observed to be indifferent  towards central grants. Overall, the study provides valuable insights to  university practitioners and policymakers for future development of  the performance-funding mechanism.


The purpose of this study is to describe and analyze the education policy of honorary teachers. The research tool used is descriptive qualitative method and data collection is in accordance with the research. Teachers are professionals who have the task of learning, educating and training. Educating means continuing and developing the values of life. While teaching is developing science and technology. Honorary teachers are teachers who have the right to receive honorariums, both monthly and three months, honorary teachers also get legal protection and leave based on government regulations contained in the labor laws. Until now, honorary teachers still have not received proper welfare, because there are still problems experienced by honorary teachers


The very name of the Law and Literature movement implies some inner connection between the institutions and concepts of law on one hand and those of literature on the other. Received wisdom has it that this connection reaches its limit, however, at the point where the language of law incorporates an essential relation to the literal violence of the state. The canonical statement of this distinction (at least in the Anglo-American legal academy) is Robert Cover's claim that "judges deal pain and death... In this they are different from poets, from critics, from artists." Here I attempt to complicate this distinction through a close reading of Maurice Blanchot's essay, "Literature and the Right to Death." My thesis is that, beyond sharing law's status as linguistic artifact and cultural construct, the literary already inhabits law's ostensibly distinguishing relationship to sovereign violence.


In this talk, we present a proof of Bökstedt's theorem THH∗(Fp) =Fp[x] using a result of Steinberger on Dyer-Lashof operations and Hopkins-Mahowald's theorem that there is an equivalence of E2-ring spectra HFp 'M(Ω2S3→ BGL1(Sp )). Note that Bökstedt's theorem reduces to the following fact: Claim 0.1. THH(Fp) = HFp⊗Σ+ΩS. Then THH∗(Fp) = π∗(THH(Fp)) is the homology of ΩS3 with Fp coefficients, which has a single generator in degree 2. Bökstedt's theorem thus follows. Convention: We denote by S and Sp the infinity categories of spaces and spectra. Unless specifically noted, the tensor product ⊗ is taken over S.


(57) Abstract: Extracts raw synthesized Pseudomonas acid A from culture broth acidic pH with chloride aliphatic hydrocarbon or isobutyl acetate, followed by comprising purifying, Pseudomonas acid A Pseudomonas bacterial genera from production species one culture of, discloses a method for isolating antibiotic Pseudomonas acid a quality as a medicament. The present invention, (a) water - between the alcohol and some aliphatic or aromatic hydrocarbon, the distribution of the evaporated extract residue, and the next increased methylene chloride water containing aqueous alcohol layer, acetate ethyl, or extraction with isobutyl acetate; (b) an aqueous ammonium bicarbonate, acidification of extraction and the resulting alkaline aqueous extract of the extract according to the alkali metal hydroxide or ammonium hydroxide solution, followed by the chloride aliphatic hydrocarbon or re-extraction of the isobutyl acetate again used; including and (c) concentrating and isobutyl acetate and petroleum ether the extract, or acetonitrile, or recrystallization of crystalline Pseudomonas acid a in an aqueous mixture of acetonitrile, including methods of purifying the isolated Pseudomonas acid a.


The effect of different loudness of classical music (Bach) on the Green Cos lettuce which was grown in hydroponic system was investigated. This study was carried out at nursery of Agricultural Technology Division, Department of Industrial and Technology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Prince of Songkla University, Pattani campus, Thailand. The study was conducted for about five weeks which started in early of July to August, 2013. The experiment was designed in Completely Randomized Design (CRD), with three replication. Lettuce were exposed to Bach music at different level which ranged from 85-90 dB (slow), 90-95 dB (medium), 95-102 dB (high) and 0-85 dB for the control. The result revealed that the classical music has significant effect to the leaf number, length of stem, stem diameter of lettuce leaf area, root length, fresh and dry weight of shoot and root. While no significant difference was found on germination percentage. The slow level of classical music (Bach) was found to have the best effect in improving lettuce growth.


The business owner is fully responsible for the business being run. Decisions made by business owners must be right to overcome and resolve problems that occur. Financial knowledge helps business owners to produce good financial management and business development behavior. The main factor for MSME snacks in Cerme District, Gresik Regency not being able to develop is the lack of knowledge about financial knowledge and financial management. Therefore, training and assistance is needed regarding financial knowledge and financial management for snack food MSME in Cerme District, Gresik Regency so that business owners are able to plan, analyze, supervise business finances. Service activities can encourage business owners to better understand current financial conditions so that business owners can minimize the risk of financial difficulties caused by environmental changes.


This collection of papers is the first book ever published in English that presents detailed analyses of valency and transitivity alternations in Japanese from multifaceted standpoints: morphology, semantics, syntax, dialects, history, acquisition, and language typology.


After the First World War, foreign cultural policy became one of the few fields in which Germany could act with relative freedom from the restrictions imposed by the Treaty of Versailles. In this context the Hamburg doctors Ludolph Brauer, Bernhard Nocht and Peter Mühlens created the Revista Médica de Hamburgo (as of 1928 Revista Médica Germano-Ibero-Americana), a monthly medical journal in Spanish (and occasionally in Portuguese), to increase German influence especially in Latin American countries. The focus of this article is on the protagonists of this project, the Hamburg doctors, the Foreign Office in Berlin, the German pharmaceutical industry, and the publishing houses involved.


Summary form only given. Electrical breakdown between electrodes in the presence of a dielectric cylinder is simulated using an electrostatic particle-in-cell (PIC) code that models particle-particle collisions using the direct simulation Monte Carlo (DSMC) method. In this talk we will present recent work on sensitivity of the breakdown time delay to the dielectric photoemission yield and to inclusion of self-absorption of photons by the background gas. Validation of the simulation model is being performed against prior experimental data on breakdown across a 13mm rod-to-plane gap with a 10mm dielectric cylinder in the middle1. The dielectric cylinder provides both an electron source by photoemission from low energy photons and enhances the reduced field (thus changing the plasma radiation spectrum)2.The model includes electron-neutral elastic, excitation, ionization, and attachment collision chemistry; ion and photon induced electron emission from surfaces; ion-neutral collisions; and self-absorption, photoionization, and photodissociation. The model tracks excited state neutrals which can be quenched through collisions with the background gas and surfaces or spontaneously emit a photon (isotropically) and transition to a lower state. Each simulated photon from an emission event is given a wavelength based on the transition that includes natural and Doppler broadening3. Emitted photons have an energy dependent probability of causing photoemission from the dielectric or electrode surfaces, as pre-computed by a separate electron Monte Carlo transport code4.


The article applies probability theory to a problem involving the parking of automobiles. Specifically, the article deals with parallel parking of vehicles along a straight curb. Three parking disciplines, that is a set of regulations enforced by law, which pertains to the manner in which motorists may park along the curb, are considered. The first is fixed parking where parking spaces, equaling the effective length of the longest car manufactured, are marked along the curb. The second is line-up parking where the first vehicle to arrive at the curb must be parked at the end of the block and each subsequent car parks adjacent to the prior car. The third is free parking where any car may be parked anywhere along the curb. Probability theory shows that line-up parking is the most efficient.


Children's early relationships with their caregivers are important for later developmental outcomes, both proximally and distally, and enhanced caregiver–child relationships may promote positive outcomes at both the individual and family levels. In this article, we review six evidence-based caregiver–child interaction interventions that can be translated for use by staff in community-based early childhood programmes serving children between the ages of birth and five years. Early childhood programmes selecting a parenting intervention have opportunities to set priorities across a number of relevant criteria, ranging from the theoretical basis of the intervention to more practical issues such as the time commitment for families and staff requirements. To provide a starting point for such considerations, we compare the interventions' approaches and associated training requirements, summarise the evidence base for each intervention, and identify areas of divergence and common themes across the six selected interventions.


A high-nitrogen compound, 2,2′-azobis(1H-imidazole-4,5-dicarbonitrile) (TCAD), was synthesized from commercially available 2-amino-1H-imidazole-4,5-dicarbonitrile. It was characterized with infrared and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Its structure was determined by single crystal X-ray diffraction. The crystal of TCAD tetrahydrate is monoclinic, with space group P21/c with crystal parameters of a = 10.2935(2) Å, b = 7.36760(10) Å, c = 20.1447(4) Å, V = 1500.27(5) Å3, Z = 4, and F(000) = 688. Computational methods were used in order to fully optimize the molecular structure, calculate the electrostatic potential of an isolated molecule, and to compute thermodynamic parameters. TCAD has very high thermal stability with temperature of decomposition at 369 °C. Kinetics of thermal decomposition of this compound were studied and apparent energy of activation as well as the maximum safe temperature of technological process were determined.


In this paper we compare search and inference in graphical models through the new framework of AND/OR search. Specifically, we compare Variable Elimination (VE) and memory-intensive AND/OR Search (AO) and place algorithms such as graph-based backjumping and no-good and good learning, as well as Recursive Conditioning [7] and Value Elimination [2] within the AND/OR search framework.


The Indonesian Minister of Education and Culture has recently issued the policy of 'Merdeka BelajarKampus Merdeka' (MBKM) or Freedom to Learn-Independent Campus. While the Freedom to Learn policy is focused more on basic and secondary levels of education, the latter aims to regulate higher education levels. There are four important points of MBKM policy; 1) automatic re-accreditation for study program, 2) students' rights to study for three semesters outside study programs, 3) autonomy to establish study programs for qualified universities, and 4) freedom for State Universities to become Legal Corporation. These four programs are basically intended to give freedom for Higher Education Institutions (HEIs) to be more autonomous, independent, less bureaucratic, and innovative. Of these four programs of MBKM policy, students' rights to study outside their study program for at least three semesters is quite interesting as it is meant to support 'link and match' program between the HEIs and their users. In the long run, this program is potential to increase students' employability and employment rates of graduates. However, as this policy is relatively new; and therefore, its implementation is still in scarcity, it could have been mistakenly addressed in HEIs. In addition, this policy is perhaps skeptically responded by some educators as it is not uncommon thing in Indonesia that every change in Minister of Education and Culture is resulted in the curriculum change as well. Therefore, while some universities have responded positively and start making actions regarding the policy, others are still debating, waiting for other universities to make actions regarding the new policy. Regardless the pros and cons opinions about the MBKM policy, the ideas of the policy itself remain obvious, supporting graduates' employability and linking them to the job market. Thus, MBKM policy can be a good solution to minimize the number of unemployment rate in Indonesia which reached 6.88 million people in February 2020, increasing up 60 thousand people compared to that in the previous year. This paper discusses the preparation in implementing the policy of MBKM in tertiary levels of education, especially in relation to graduates' employability.


Background: Efavirenz (EFV) is one of the core drugs for therapy in cases of HIV infection. The standard dose is 600 mg once daily. EFV has many side effects related to high drug levels in the blood. Therefore, reducing the dose of EFV can cause fewer side effects. Previous studies found that treatment with EFV 400 mg resulted in virological suppression with fewer side effects.
Objective: To study the efficacy of an EFV 400 mg once daily regimen in virologically suppressed adult HIV-infected patients (Viral load < 50 copies/mL).
Methods: In this retrospective study, we recruited adult HIV-infected patients who attended the Infectious Diseases Clinic, Prapokklao Hospital, during 2015 and had virological suppression through EFV 600 mg once daily which was later adjusted to EFV 400 mg once daily. The HIV viral load was collected yearly until 2018 to evaluate the efficacy.
Results: 357 patients were enrolled. 317 patients received EFV 400 mg once daily, Lamivudine 300 mg once daily, and Tenofovir 300 mg once daily. 40 patients received EFV 400 mg once daily with other two NRTIs. 350 patients (98%) had an HIV viral load less than 200 copies/mL and 345 patients (96.6%) had an HIV viral load less than 50 copies/mL
Conclusion: Modification of EFV 600 mg once daily to EFV 400 mg once daily showed efficacy in virological control in virologically suppressed adult HIV-infected patients.


In order to adopt the conventional visual measurement technology to underwater application, this paper proposes an underwater image conversion method based on a multi-layer plane refraction model, which converts the underwater image into an air image. First, under the multi-layer plane refraction model, the imaging process of the underwater camera is modelled in the form of a four-dimensional light field parameterization, and the direction vector of the air image is calculated using the light field direction information. Then, the perspective projection transformation is used to obtain the corresponding pixel coordinates of the direction vector and the image plane. Finally, the transformed air image is obtained by interpolation method, using the mapping relation of the corresponding image point coordinates before and after the transformation. Simulation and experimental results show that the average error of the corrected image is 0.56 pixel, and the high-precision air image provides strong support for subsequent underwater 3D reconstruction.


Earth, Mars, and Venus, irradiated by an evolving Sun, have had fascinating but diverging histories of habitability. Although only Earth's surface is considered to be habitable today, all three planets might have simultaneously been habitable early in their histories. We consider how physical processes that have operated similarly or differently on these planets determined the creation and evolution of their atmospheres and surfaces over time. These include the geophysical and geochemical processes that determined the style of their interior dynamics and the presence or absence of a magnetic field; the surface-atmosphere exchange processes that acted as a source or sink for atmospheric mass and composition; the Sun-planet interactions that controlled escape of gases to space; and the atmospheric processes that interacted with these to determine climate and habitability. The divergent evolutions of the three planets provide an invaluable context for thinking about the search for life outside the Solar System.


In this paper, we introduce a capital market-based financial guaranty system as an alternative to current insurance guaranty funds and deposit insurance systems. The guaranty system secures clients' claims for the event of default by the financial company using a special purpose vehicle which issues bonds to investors. The proposed system, analogous to a credit-linked note, consists of one guaranty vehicle for each financial company. In a first step, we present equations in order to derive the two main input parameters of the special purpose vehicle: the premium and the principal. Subsequently, we analyze the impact of different investment actions taken by the financial companies protected by the guaranty vehicle on various shortfall measures. We find that it will be necessary to restrict the investment volume of investors from the financial industry in order to avoid systematic risk within the proposed guaranty scheme. By deriving practical implications, we show that the capital market-based solution has some key benefits compared to current deposit insurance and insurance guaranty schemes.


Corrective feedback has become a big issue in second language acquisition. Its effectiveness when implemented in the class is still the subject of debate. Moreover, its impact on second language learners' performance is also a topic of discussion. Recently, there has been a growing interest in the role of corrective feedback as a research topic in EFL context. Most researches showed that corrective feedback has a positive effect on EFL learners. Although there has been a growing research concern on the effectiveness of oral corrective feedback, its impact and its application in EFL classroom setting, limited studies examined the relationship between teachers' corrective feedback and students' willingness to communicate. Therefore, this case study explores how oral corrective feedback is implemented in the class and its effect on the students' willingness to communicate. For this purpose, interviews and observations were used to collect data from a teacher and tenth grade students of senior high school in the academic year 2016/2017. The findings showed that there are three types of oral corrective feedback found in the class: explicit correction feedback, metalinguistic feedback, and clarification request feedback. Moreover, the students frequently make phonological errors and semantic errors while speaking. In regard to the students' uptake, acknowledgement, repetition, off-target, and peer-repair are mostly found from the teacher and students interaction. The students also insist that the teacher's oral corrective feedback does not disturb teacher and students classroom interaction.


1 Abbreviations 3 Chapter 1 Literature review 5 Chapter 2 Antibiotic susceptibility and resistance gene survey 29 Chapter 3 Mtz resistance mechanisms present in B. fragilis GSH8 and GSH15 ........51 Chapter 4 Bioinformatic analysis of a putative nim gene present in B. fragilis 638R 74 Chapter 5 Functional characterisation of the 638Rnim gene present in B. fragilis 638R 95 Chapter 6 General conclusions 117 Appendix 124 Reference List 126


Sarah Gibbons, Keith Nuthall, Raghavendra Verma and John Pagni Most, if not all, of the wollastonite market is comprised of ground wollastonite in the form of powders that are added to ceramics (frits, sanitaryware, and tile), friction products (primarily brake linings), metallurgical applications (flux and conditioner), paint (architectural and industrial paints), plastics and rubber markets (thermoplastic and thermoset resins and elastomer compounds) and some miscellaneous uses (including adhesives, concrete, glass, and sealants). Transparency Market Research (see below) meanwhile described wollastonite as having "several exclusive characteristics" which make it "one of the most versatile functional filler and reinforcement agents." Since 2001, its report said, ceramic applications have accounted for more than 50% of wollastonite sales worldwide, followed by polymers at around 25%, and coatings at nearly 15%. [...]Transparency Market Research projects a three-to-fourfold increase in demand for wollastonite by 2050 in Latin America, Africa, the Middle East, and Asia.This carbon reduction potential is recognized worldwide, with the Indian Minerals Yearbook 2017, from the Indian Bureau of Mines, highlighting as "a new development with very large potential" the use of wollastonite as a sequestration mineral for carbon dioxide. According to Indian Bureau of Mines, in the financial year ended March 2017, Indian exports of wollastonite were 16,699 tonnes, mainly to Belgium (53%), Japan (25%), Germany (12%) and Turkey (3%).


ABSTRACT Lithium dendrite growth is an important issue in the design of lithium metal batteries (LMBs), and most relevant experimental studies lack theoretical guidance. We employ density functional theory to study the adsorption and diffusion of lithium atoms, which are two dominating factors for dendrite growth, by calculating the binding energy and potential map. Perfect, dislocation defective and heteroatom defective surfaces are considered. For a perfect surface, dendrite growth on the (110) face compared to the (200) face is dominated more by the adsorption mechanism. For dislocation defects, an extra potential barrier is found on the section of the dislocation, which might lead to uncontrolled dendrite growth. For heteroatom defects, the influence is correlated with the face direction due to the correlation between the chemical bond and cell parameters; it seems that Si, P and B are unfavourable, while F, Cl and alkali metal atoms are favourable for dendrite-free LMBs.


The expeviences in management of 25 cases of hyperprolactinemia (HPRL) with impotence were reported. The etiology of HPRL in this group was idiopathic in 20, pituitary tumour in 4, drug-induced in 1. Among 20 idiopathic HPRL patients, 1 accompanied with vasculogenic impotence and 1 with psychological erectile disorder. The treatment of different type of HPRL was discussed. It suggested that the problem of HPRL in impotence should be pay an attentionto.


The effect of LnAlO3 (Ln = Nd, Sm) additives on the densification, phase evolution, microstructure and dielectric properties of BaO-Nd2O3-5TiO2 (BNT5) ceramics was investigated. The LnAlO3 (Ln = Nd, Sm) had greatly influence on the densification behavior of the BNT5 ceramics and the grain sizes of BNT5 ceramics could be effectively refined by LnAlO3 additive. The microstructure of BNT5 ceramics was transformed from quasi-rectangular grain to columnar grain while the content of LnAlO3 was increasing. The dielectric constant (εr) and the temperature coefficient of resonant frequency (τf) were reduced with the increase of LnAlO3 content, whereas the Q×f values showed a non-linear behaviour with LnAlO3 content increasing. The BNT5 ceramics doped with 12.5 wt% SmAlO3, sintered at 1320°C for 4 h, had the excellent dielectric properties of εr = 62.78, Q×f = 11108 GHz and τf = -1.55 ppm/°.


Disclosed is a method for generating a virtual orthodontic element for use in manufacturing an orthodontic appliance for a patient, the method comprising, -obtaining a patient data set for said patient, the patient data set comprises a virtual 3D teeth model, where said virtual 3D teeth model comprises a virtual upper jaw and a virtual lower jaw resembling the upper jaw and lower jaw, respectively, of the patient's mouth; - arranging the virtual upper jaw and the virtual lower jaw in an initial relative configuration in a virtual articulator which is able to simulate the articulation between the virtual upper jaw and the virtual lower jaw based at least on motion relative to at least one axis representing the terminal hinge axis of the patient; -designing the virtual orthodontic element based on at least a part of the virtual 3D teeth model and the arrangement of the 3D teeth model in the virtual articulator.


Summary Introduction. Physical performance capacity in judokas was investigated before and after weight reduction. Material and methods. Twenty-two judokas volunteered to take part in the experiment and were tested before and after weight reduction. Body weight and body fat percentage was measured before and after weight reduction. Food intake before and during the weight reduction period was recorded. Reaction time was measured by means of a jump test, using the Optojump system (Microgate – Italy). Isometric arm strength was measured by tensiometry using a 40 seconds procedure. Anaerobic en durance was tested using a repeated jumping procedure. Results. After the experimental procedures subjects were divided in a high weight reduction group (≥3% BW, n=11) and a light weight reduction group (<3% BW, n=11). In the high weight reduction group (HWRG) body weight changed from 72.0± 12.3 kg to 69.0±11.8 kg, (p<0.001). In the light weight reduction group (LWRG) body weight changed from 66.6±8.6 to 65.7±8.4 kg, (p=0.001). Both groups showed very low carbohydrate intakes during the weight reduction period. Reaction time improved in one out of the three reaction tests for the HWRG (p<0.05). In the HWRG total isometric strength and isometric strength as measured during the 2 nd maximal effort of the 40 s procedure, decreased significantly (p<0.05).


Global Positioning System (GPS) is a space-based global navigation satellite system [1]. It provides time and location information to users anywhere on Earth [1]. Nowadays, GPS is very useful not only for military applications but also for civil applications. GPS receivers are placed in any embedded system to continuously calculate current time and location information. Hence, real-time synchronous systems can be designed. This paper presents the design challenges and implementation issues of real-time GPS receiver based on GPS Receiver Board and Altera DE2 FPGA Board. The functionalities of real time system is to receive the data packets from GPS Receiver board continuously and to display the time and location information using Altera DE2 Board in real time mode. The designed system also accepts set-up of desired time, so that synchronous actions can be made. These actions will be only done once the GPS time matches the set-up time. Finally, the field trial demonstrates the successful operation of the real-time GPS receiver system.


A dual‐polarized X‐band conformal array antenna is presented for unmanned aerial vehicles with polarimetric radars/sensors. Starting from the planar structure, the array antenna consisted of sixteen 2 × 2 subarrays is conformal to the cylinders with various curvature radii to fit the payload box of the airborne vehicle. The return losses are almost constant even if the curvature radius changes. Measured radiation patterns are compared with various curvatures at the same frequencies. The array can be easily placed on the aircraft payload or fuselage due to its ultra thin thickness, ultra lightweight, and conformal structure, which has potential airborne applications in polarimetric radar surveillance, remote sensing, and wireless communications. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J RF and Microwave CAE, 2011.


The dependence on the car in everyday travel has increased enormously over the last several decades. This has serious and growing consequences for the environment and health for many communities affected by road traffic. At the same time, these consequences are very expensive for business, environment and society. Ways must be found to overcome this car dependency so that people begin to use other modes of transportation. Follow this and additional works at: http://digitalcommons.calpoly.edu/focus This Special is brought to you for free and open access by the City and Regional Planning at DigitalCommons@CalPoly. It has been accepted for inclusion in Focus by an authorized administrator of DigitalCommons@CalPoly. For more information, please contact firstname.lastname@example.com. Recommended Citation Borg, Werner (2004) "Reducing Car Use? Just Do It!," Focus: Vol. 1: Iss. 1, Article 8. DOI: 10.15368/focus.2004v1n1.3 Available at: http://digitalcommons.calpoly.edu/focus/vol1/iss1/8 12 FOCUS volume 1, April 2004 Werner Brog Social Psychologist Founder and managing director, Socialdata Institute for Transport and Infrastructure Research, Munich Reducing Car Use?


The Tonle Sap Lake, which is located in the Cambodian floodplain of the Mekong River System, plays an important role for storage and water supply in Cambodia as well as in the low land region of the Mekong River System. Every year the lake stores water in the flood season from May to October while it acts as a spillway providing water to the Mekong Delta in the dry season from November to April. In other words, the lake depth can rise by approximately 10 m and the water volume can increase 5 times during the year, showing various drying and wetting areas in the lake and its adjacent floodplains. In terms of hydrodynamic modelling, these wetting/drying areas are still challenging because of several difficulties, e.g. large CPU time, slow transition of wet-dry interface and, possibly lack of mass conservation. In this paper, we present a wetting drying algorithm with a limitation for the fluid depth and a blending parameter in order to ensure local mass conservation and rapid transition of a wet/dry interface. The technique is firstly implemented in the framework of the Second-generation Louvain-la-Neuve Ice-ocean Model (SLIM). Then, it is validated by means of the analytical Balzano 1, Balzano 3 and Thacker test cases, showing its well-balancing property. Finally, it is applied to the simulation of the flow in the Tonle Sap and its neighborhood.


This paper is concerned with the asymptotic behaviors of solutions of thegeneral initial-boundary value problem to scalar viscous conservation law uxx on R+ with the conditions u(0, t) = u-(t) u-(t ),u(x,0) = u_0(x) u+(x-), where f"(u) 0 for all u under consideration, u- u+, and u--(t) u(R+), Here the corresponding Riemann problem 0, u0(x) = u- when x 0 and u0(x)=u+ when x 0 admits the rarefaction wave. Ourproblem is divided into five cases depending on the signs of the characteristic speeds of the boundary state u- at t= and the far field state u+ = u(+). Both the globalexistence of the solution and the asymptotic stability are shown in all cases.


In modern psycholinguistics, almost no attention is paid to the functioning of punctuation in writing / reading. The results of the available psycholinguistic studies, including experimental ones, are sometimes mutually exclusive. Therefore, there was a need to turn to the works of linguists, psychologists and pedagogues of the XX century, in which was made an attempt to understand how the subject of speech learns punctuation and uses it. The article is devoted to the origins of the psycholinguistic approach to punctuation: "psychology of punctuation" and theory of teaching punctuation in school. It is shown that thanks to the "psychology of punctuation" the semantic principle received priority in the view of learning punctuation and the interaction of the social and personal determinations in the use of punctuation marks became obvious. The theory of teaching punctuation revealed the specifics of the punctuation skill, its basis - the vision of the punctuation mark, the connection between the use of punctuation marks in the process of creating a written utterance and the expanded internal speech, the orientation of the use of punctuation on the text.


Well Wulong 1 is an exploration well located at North of Chuxiong basin in Yunnan. The main geologic features in the well are large stratigraphic dip, broken formation, and unstable hole. These features are easy to result in bit freezing, wiping in long section, bit tooth broken, etc. accident. Through optimized casing program and drilling parameter, predicting reservoir pressure and caving stress, and determining rational drilling fluid density, the problem on hole stabilization is solved and good result is obtained .


We prove design concepts for embedded wafer level ball grid array package integrated circularly polarized antennas in the 57 GHz to 64 GHz ISM band. Therefore, we propose performance requirements and evaluate the properties of four different antenna-in-package layouts based on electromagnetic full-wave simulations with focus on the axial ratio characteristics.


Addition of sodium nitrite to a mixture of hydrochloric acid and 1-methyl-5-amino-4-pyrazolecarboxamide, at either high or low temperature, yielded 1-methyl-4-hydroxypyrazolo-[3,4-d]-v-triazine. On the other hand, addition of hydrochloric acid to an aqueous mixture of sodium nitrite and 1-methyl-5-amino-4-pyrazolecarboxamide gave, at high temperature (˜ 100°), 1-methyl-5-nitro-4-pyrazolecarboxylic acid and at low temperature (˜ 0°), 1-methyl-5-nitrosamino-4-pyrazolecarboxylic acid.


Abstract: This article presents a diagnostic for identifying a strategic profile for Business/IT alignments. Based on consulting and research over the past decade, we have observed executives who are dissatisfied with their IT program and project alignment strategies. Technical and process engineering projects rather than strategic IT-business alignments were favored. Not all IT initiatives can or should be dedicated to projects and programs that affect enterprise-wide change; however, prominent IT experts argue that CIOs are receiving pressure to align IT for strategic purposes due to competitive market forces. Two case studies illustrate the processes and benefits of aligning IT-based business outcomes at the project and program levels using the strategic diagnostic proposed here.


A survey is given of the established practice of tidal computations in the Netherlands. The dynamical analysis of tidal elevations and currents in shallow waters is of great practical interest when coastal engineering projects are undertaken, like the Zuiderzee or the Delta project, both in the Netherlands. Tidal computations have to be based upon a careful schematization of the region considered. The water is assumed la move substantially in the length direction of a channel with variabie cross-section or in a channel network. The problem is then governed by two partial differential equations, the continuity equation and one dynamical equation. These equations generally are too complicated to admit solutions in closed form. Several methods of numerical approach have therefore been devised. First among these methods are the harmonie methods, by which one or more tidal constituents are computed. If confined to one single constituent (M2), this method is relatively simple to handle and it requires a moderate effort of calculation. The computation of further constituents leads to progressively increasing efforts, so that the method is seldom extended beyond the second harmonie (M4). For the immediate numerical integration of the continuity and the dynamicaI equation, several ways may be followed. A method based on an iterative process has been extensively used for practical problems in the Netherlands and abroad. This method is particularly suited to analyse tidal motions in connection with the problem of schematization. A third group of methods is based upon the properties ofthe characteristicelements ofthe differential equations. lntegration, performed either graphically or numerically, is in particular used in specific propagation problems, such as wave motions produced by sluicing operations and bores. The employment of large computers, either analogue or digital, is here mentioned only briefly, since more detailed information on the development is being prepared.


Cationic polyacrylamide (C-PAM) with the charge density of 2.1 meq/g and the degree of polymerization of 5650 was prepared by the modified Hofmann reaction of PAM. C-PAM was slightly dansylated (fluorescently labeled) in a homogeneous system using aqueous dimethylformamide as solvent. The fluorescent labeling had no effect on the adsorptibity of C-PAM on cellulose fibers.The adsorption of C-PAM or dansylated C-PAM (DC-PAM) reached the saturation level after only a few days when the concentration of electrolyte was high whereas that continued even after 10 days when the concentration of electrolyte was low. The pre-adsorbed DC-PAM on fibers was exchanged by C-PAM. The exchange reactions proceeded quite rapidly when the contact time between fibers and DC-PAM was short. The exchange became more difficult with increasing contact time. In conclusion, the presented results show that cationic polymer can gradually walk into the pores of fibers by vermiculation.


I teach ESL at the Jewish Community Center of San Francisco. One class project was the creating and publishing of a collection of the students' autobiographical writings. This paper documents the process that my students and I engaged in. We used the process approach to writing and peer response. This paper discusses the theory behind this approach and its practical application in the classroom, the questions, concerns and dilemmas that I encountered and my responses to them. I also include the changes I would implement in a future project of this kind. The final product, The Golden Gate of Hope, is included in the appendix. English as a Second Language Student Developed Materials Writing Composition Writing Instruction


This paper briefly overview recent progress on ultra high capacity optical transmission systems and relevant technologies which make these cutting-edge results happen. Steadily increase of the number of FTTH service subscribers should be one of the driving forces for higher capacity back-bone network. Among various clients, Ethernet should play a dominant role so far and in the future. Currently, 1GbE and 10GbE has widely penetrated for computer networking applications. IEEE is now targeting 100GbE as the next step after 10GbE, and intends to standardize it by 2010. So, inevitably traffic demand for back-bone network should expand further to accept 100GbE. For the time being, 43G DWDM systems have already installed for commercial services. To meet the potential demand, we are trying to develop novel ultra high capacity transmission system which can transport 100GbE clients effectively. I will briefly present some latest results of the effort toward the direction.


Frontline healthcare workers (HCWs) in Otorhinolaryngology or Ear Nose Throat (ENT) had high prevalence of stress, anxiety and depression during COVID-19 pandemic.1-4 As there are growing demand on clinical works of ENT-HCWs during and after the COVID-19 pandemic, it is important to understand their stress, anxiety, and associated factors so that further mental health promotion or intervention programs can be designed and implemented. This study aims to explore stress and anxiety among ENT-HCWs during the COVID-19 pandemic.


The article discusses the problem of forming and developing vocational teacher training skills and competence in the use of information and communication technologies (ICT), necessary for innovation. It gives examples of applying ICT in various areas of professional activity. The paper elicits the role of ICT in lives of people and assesses the importance of the Information Society in Russia and abroad. Concepts of information and ICT-competence are regarded, which is designed on the basis of the ICT-competence forming system in vocational teacher education (PPO). A model of the forming ICT-competence of secondary PPO graduates is reviewed, that includes four parts: a target, substantive, procedural, diagnostic.


Sample of porous SiC polycrystals are prepared by solid sintering process under high temperature and normal pressure using moulding SiC powder.Upon the excitation of ultraviolet light (UV), a photoluminescence peak and a weaker shoulder peak are found at 2.02 eV and 2.13 eV respectively at low temperature. The luminescent peak position has some blueshift occurence at the room temperature. The electrical resistivity rises as the sintering temperature rises, and falls as the moulding pressure rises. A defective model is suggested to explain the UVinduced PL variation in porous SiC.


Boomer, sidescan data of field activity 96FGS01 (G-K1-96-FL) in Atlantic Ocean offshore east-central Florida from Cape Canaveral to south Cocoa Beach from 11/02/1996 to 11/08/1996, http://walrus.wr.usgs.gov/infobank/g/gk196fl/html/g-k1-96-fl.meta.html.


Interactions between a large number of complex chemical and physical processes have resulted in significant changes in the Pasco Basin hydrochemical system since emplacement of the first basalt flow. In order to perform preliminary simulations of the chemical evolution of this system, certain simplifying assumptions and procedures were adopted and a computer model which operates on the principal of local equilibrium was used for the mass transfer calculations. Significant uncertainties exist in both the thermodynamic and reaction rate data which were input to the computer model. In addition, the compositional characteristics of the evolving hydrochemical system remain largely unknown, especially as a function of distance along the flow path. Given these uncertainties, it remains difficult to assess the applicability of the equilibrium-step approach even though reasonable matches between observed and simulated hydrochemical data were obtained. Given the uncertainties mentioned, the predictive abilities of EQ6 are difficult, if not impossible to evaluate; our simulations produced, at best, only qualitative agreement with observed product mineral assemblages and sequences, and fluid compositions.


Sir, I passed two hours this morning with Mr. Cibber, whom I found in such real anxiety for Clarissa_I had related to him, not only the catastrophe of the story, but also your truly religious and moral reason for it; and, when he heard what a dreadful lot hers was to be, he lost all patience, threw down the book, and vowed he would not read another line .... He shuddered; nay, the tears stood in his eyes:-"What (said he) shall I, who have loved and revered the virtuous, the beautiful Clarissa ... bear to stand a patient spectator of her ruin, her final destruction? No!-I cannot bear it! had Lovelace ten thousand souls and bodies, I could wish to see them all tortured, stretched on the rack: no punishment can be too bad for him." ... I am not quite sure, whether Mr. Cibber is not so strongly enamoured with her perfections, and touched with her distresses, that, were they exhibited on the stage, he would not, like Don Quixote, rise up in wrath and rescue the lady from the hands of her violater. Laetitia Pilkington to Samuel Richardson, 29 June 17451


We propose a new approach to minimize the instrumental polarization (IP) of current polarimetric observations. It is shown how the instrumental polarization can be deduced and removed, by using lines with no intrinsic linear polarization. Notably, no specific understanding of the polarizing properties of our optical setup is required. For the technique to be of practical application, lines unaffected by IP presenting various temperature, magnetic field, etc, sensitivities must be identified. We work out the atomic levels involved in electric dipole transitions which create no linear polarization, from the Zeeman effect


BELL, DANIEL. The Reforming of General Education. New York: Columbia University Press, 1966. 320 pp. BENTON, WILLIAM. The Teachers and the Taught in the U.S.S.R. New York: Atheneum, 1966. 174 pp. BLAUG, M. Economics of Education: A Selected Annotated Bibliography. International Series of Monographs in Library and Information Science, Vol. 3. Oxford: Pergamon Press, 1966. 190 pp. Boletim Bibliogrdfico e Informativo. Lisboa: Fundagao Calouste Gulbenkian Centro de InvestigagCio Pedag6gica, 1965. 413 pp. BROWN, L. M. General Philosophy in Education. New York: McGraw-Hill Book Co., 1966. 244 pp.


. This paper outlines a university course utilizing students' English essays and reflection comments to help students develop their writing skills in English. It will show some preliminary results of the data collected and analyzed to discuss certain patterns that students preferred in terms of sentence structure and vocabulary. Based on the reflection comments submitted with the essay writing assignments in which the students were asked to describe what was the most dif-ficult area for them, some of the students seemed to be aware of their dependency on using certain expressions or sentence structures but had not yet found a means to overcome this problem. In order to help students become more aware of their tendencies and to find ways to improve their writing skills, feedback based on the data analysis was used to provide valuable insights for the students to apply to their future essay writing. In this paper, the use of students' essay writing and reflec-tion comments is discussed with the purpose of identifying common sources of difficulty and errors among learners of English to provide more effective feedback.


Today, the World Health Organization has issued several mandatory warnings regarding the use of synthetic colorants, and some of them have even been banned. For this reason and because of the current consumer trend to use products of an organic origin, natural dyes have once more conquered the preference of users; in fact, in industrialized countries the clothes and garments coloured with natural dyes have a high market value. Indigo was a natural colorant, but it was also a medicine. As a colorant, Hernandez notes that it was used to dye clothes, fabrics, feathers, fibres and the hair, in black. As to its medicinal uses, many of them are of prehispanic tradition, and have persisted to modern times. The plant Indigofera tinctoria L." relates to the leguminous family and it is an annotinous shrub plant with the height of 1-1.5 meters, which is grows in the cultivated form. The plant does not have any wild forms, thus it is grown only in cultivated form. The leaves have the extended shape, and are complex odd-pinnate. Its flowers are of red colour, and they are located in the shape of cyst on the bud protruded from the source.


Abstract : The authors consider installations in which ordinary and oxygen-enriched air is heated to high temperatures by a heat recovery system in independent combustion chambers. They analyze the effect, on the overall efficiency of electric power stations using MHD generators, of factors such as the composition and preheat temperature of the combustion support, the unit power (consumption of working fluid) of the MHD generator, the load factor of the MHD generator, the intensity of magnetic induction, etc. The authors compare the power of the MHD cycle and of the steam-turbine section in different power station designs. (Author)


AIM
The aim of the present study was to present a case of maxillary aspergillosis with unusual clinical presentation and imaging findings.

BACKGROUND
The range of lesions and conditions that affect the maxillary sinus is wide and vast. This necessitates a dynamic multidisciplinary approach for proper diagnosis and effective management.

CASE DESCRIPTION
We present an unusual case of maxillary aspergillosis that mimicked apical periodontitis and was most consistent with lymphoma from the diagnostic imaging perspective. Histopathology, however, established the correct diagnosis; appropriate management commenced promptly.

CONCLUSION
It is imperative that maxillary aspergillosis be diagnosed and managed properly and promptly to improve prognosis. Advanced imaging is required, but it plays an adjunct role to histopathology. Long-term follow-up is also necessary to ensure complete resolution of the infection.

CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE
Correlating clinical and imaging findings is a crucial step and any inconsistencies should be resolved promptly so as not to delay adequate management. Histopathology often serves to dispute any inconsistencies and allows the establishment of a proper diagnosis.


INTRODUCTION : As estimated 134 million Indians suffer from sinusitis both acute and chronic. On an average about one in eight Indians suffer from sinusitis. The incidence in the increase of infectious diseases in recent times is due to changes in environment, exposure to pollution factors, abnormal dietary habits and life style. Twenty patients of both sexes were selected as In-patients and another twenty patients as Out-patients in PG Pothu Maruthuvam department, Government Siddha Medical College and hospital, Palayamkottai. The selected patients were administered with the trial medicine till the period of study. Agathiyar classified the disease into 4448 types. The disease of nasal origin is classified into 86 types and one among them is 'peenisam' and 'Kabha Peenisam' is one of the classifications in peenisanoi. The signs and symptoms of Kabha Peenisam are mentioned as headache, excessive lacrimation, nasal congestion, rhinorrhoea, cough with expectoration can be similarly correlated as modern medicine is 'sinusitis'. Sinusitis affects a tremendous proportion of the populaiton, accounts for millions of visits to primary care physician each year. AIM AND OBJECTIVES : The recent pervasiveness rate of "Sinusitis" in our country is very high due to environment factor. Now-a-days, it builds up as a major health concern and need of great focus on its efficacious treatment with better quality of life style. Perhaps the available studies are insufficient in siddha system compared with modern trend settings, impresses the author to work a telescopic sight on this topic. To study the efficacy of the trail drug Perunjchiraka Chooranam (internal) in the treatment of Kabha Peenisam (Sinusitis). Objectives : Primary objective - To evaluate the clinical eficacy of the drug Perunjchiraka chooranam (internal) in the treatment of Kabha peenisam (sinusitis). Secondary objective - To explore the exact definition, etiology, clinical features, diagnosis, prognosis and investigations for kabha peenisam in siddha literatures and correlation with modern science. To survey the incidence of the disease, according to age, occupation, socio economic status, habits, paruva kaalangal and thinai. To divulge how the mukkutram and seven udarkattugal are deranged in this disease. To document changes in the envagai thervugal of the disease. To perceive the adverse effects of the trail drug. To evaluate the biochemical, pharmacological, acute toxicity and microbiological studies of the trial drug. CONCLUSION : From the present study, The preparation and administration of the drug is safe, affertable and highly efficacious and more acceptable. The cost of trial medicine is comparatively very low. The medicine has many properties to control the signs and symptoms of kabha peenisam. No adverse effects were noticed during the course of treatment. Toxicity study reveals that the trial drug is safe even in higher dose of 2gm/kg body weight in wistar albino rats as per OECD guidelines.Therefore, it is concluded that the trial drug 'Perunjchiraka Chooranam' can be used for the management of Kabha peenisam. Perunjchiraka Chooranam – 2gm was given twice a day, after meal. The trial medicine was subjected to Biochemical, pharmacological, anti microbial and acute toxicity study. At end of this trial study, majority of cases showed good results.
Item Type: Thesis (Masters)


Object of the article is the classification of product losses of supermarkets for the needs of financial and management accounting and internal control. Economic substance and identified significant differences between the concepts of 'losses', 'lack', 'natural loss', 'product losses' are being studied. Today the issue of economic and commercial nature of product losses of supermarkets, its identification, separation by types, accounting and the impact on financial results remain almost unstudied. The necessity for this is that each supermarket chain is not only a trade enterprise but also a full production unit that produces semi-finished products and ready meals. This diversification of activities and the lack of scientifically based recommendations concerning the establishment of an effective system of internal control measures of product losses forms the significant part of still unsolved problem. Based on a critical assessment of scientific views regarding the classification of product losses, as well as considering the functioning features of supermarkets, the classification of such losses is being improved. The offered classification will enhance the financial and management accounting, internal control of product losses.


Abstract—Managing and improving efficiency in the current highly competitive global automotive industry demands that those companies adopt leaner and more flexible systems. During the past 20 years the domestic automotive industry in North America has been focusing on establishing new management strategies in order to meet market demands. The lean management process also known as Toyota Manufacturing Process (TPS) or lean manufacturing encompasses tools and techniques that were established in order to provide the best quality product with the fastest lead time at the lowest cost. The following paper presents a study that focused on improving labor efficiency at one of the Big Three (Ford, GM, Chrysler LLC) domestic automotive facility in North America. The objective of the study was to utilize several lean management tools in order to optimize the efficiency and utilization levels at the "PreMarriage" chassis area in a truck manufacturing and assembly facility. Utilizing three different lean tools (i.e. Standardization of work, 7 Wastes, and 5S) this research was able to improve efficiency by 51%, utilization by 246%, and reduce operations by 14%. The return on investment calculated based on the improvements made was 284%.


Objective:Establish and optimize the mice brain ischemia reperfusion model(also known as MCAO model).Methods:Factors of this model,such as the position of line,the diameter of line,the depth of line and mice type,were altered to optimize ischemia-reperfusion brain damage model using mice brain ischemia reperfusion model as comparative experiments.Results:The brain slices of improved model were found clear infarction area and obvious neurobehavioral scores of signs after TTC dyeing.The livability could reach 80% under existing MCAO model conditions,whereas,the survival rate of improved model achieved more than 90%.Meanwhile,there were significant change of MDA and SOD activity in serum of the improved MCAO model(P0.01),compared with the control group.Conclusion:The higher success rate,survival rate and clear symptoms were observed after the improvement and optimization of cerebral ischemia reperfusion.The improved model provide certain reference value for research on oxygen deficiency nerve injury.


Children and adolescents are particularly vulnerable to perceive the COVID-19 related restrictions of social contacts as a burden, because social contacts are crucial in their development to adulthood. (1, 2). Given this background, the nationwide COPSY study of the mental health and quality of life of children and adolescents during the COVID-19 pandemic was initiated, in which children and adolescents themselves as well as their parents were interviewed. The objective was to examine the effects of the crisis on the mental health and quality of life of children and adolescents.


Thank you for downloading gene expression and regulation the legacy of luigi gorini. Maybe you have knowledge that, people have look hundreds times for their favorite readings like this gene expression and regulation the legacy of luigi gorini, but end up in infectious downloads. Rather than reading a good book with a cup of tea in the afternoon, instead they are facing with some harmful bugs inside their computer.


Wings of Neptune: The Story of Naval Aviation. Donald Macintyre. Peter Davies. 1963. 269 pp. Illustrated. 25s. The history of ship-based air power has been confused by controversy and prejudice probably more than any aspect of the story of man's conquest of the air. This book will do nothing to reduce this—indeed the reverse. The reason for the prejudice is obvious: during its first sixty years aviation developed primarily for military purposes to such effect that it revolutionised almost every aspect of war. The impact of the Air on long-stablished military organisations has, in consequence, caused the most influential and self-sufficient of these—the navies of the larger seafaring nations—to tend to see it as a challenge to Sea Power and hence to their continued autonomy and importance. During much of the first half of this century a great controversy raged between traditional militarists and the new air protagonists. The latter demanded that all military uses of aircraft should be in the hands of a unified independant air force, which would have the flexibility to support the other Services but could also operate on its own as necessary. Closely linked with this idea was the concept of strategic bombing and the winning of wars by breaking a nation's morale by means of direct attacks on civilian populations. Many sailors of the period and, to a lesser extent, soldiers opposed the idea for the reason already mentioned. They were of course, supported by pacifists and by that permanentlyconfused "lunatic fringe" which argues that, as total war is even more evil than traditional war, a nation should do nothing to protect itself against it. However, from 1918, thanks to Smuts, Britain had the RAF which Trenchard was able to develop into an effective military organisation between the wars in time for it to save Britain as a nation twenty-two years later. By then, aircraft had developed sufficiently to give air power the full significance its protagonists had forecast. With the appearance of nuclear explosives, it immediately demonstrated its ability to win wars unaided, by destroying a great power's will to fight within a week of the first use of the new weapon. Captain Macintyre contemptuously dismisses this feat as a "maiming of the conscience of Britain and America." ~ In the United States, the Great Controversy took the form of a protracted public squabble between General Mitchell and Admiral Moffet. This ended in a Naval victory which deferred an independant USAF until 1947. As a result, while the Royal Navy lost its air enthusiasts in 1918 and had to depend on the RAF for the manning and equipping of its aircraft carriers—a type of vessel which Britain had pioneered in the 1914-18 War—the US Navy still had its own air arm and, in spite of much opposition from conservative higher commanders, gradually overtook and then far surpassed Britain's initial lead in ship-based aviation. Thanks initially to a British training mission, Japan also developed a powerful carrier-based aviation whch by 1941 was even more effective than that of the Americans.


This study theorizes why full‐time working women with partners and school‐age children deploy talk of maximal irreplaceable maternal care. The concept of maternal presenteeism frames women's personal beliefs, perceptions, and ambitions as subject to normative pressures associated with intensive mothering and a postfeminist sensibility. The accounts of 20 women who combine motherhood of school‐age children with full‐time professional work are analyzed using thematic analysis. The findings show that even women in demanding careers with partners talk about seeking to be maximally visible to their children and construct forms of workplace flexibility as a matter of luck. By contrast, maternal irreplaceability was viewed as a matter of fate. Examples of resistance to maternal presenteeism served to highlight these normative assumptions and a conflation of ideologies within the accounts of some working mothers. Vestiges of "intensive mothering," performative notions of "presenteeism" drawn from regimes of work, and a postfeminist sensibility can be identified in the intersubjective experience of some working mothers. A postfeminist sensibility explains why social practices consistent with forms of "intensive mothering" may persist beyond infant years, and yet get recast as choice


The problem of spectrum sensing for cognitive radio networks has attracted much interest in the research community. The Multitaper detector has its unique importance and was highly recommended for spectrum sensing in cognitive radio systems. In this paper, we investigate the Multitaper detector for the generalized nonzero-mean case. We analyze the Hermitian form of the Multitaper estimate to obtain the detector performance for nonzero-mean primary signals. The difficulty in this case arises from finding an expression for the noncentrality parameters associated with the diagonalized form of the quadratic representation of the Multitaper estimate. We provide closed form expressions for the noncentrality parameters, which also turned to be a function of the eigenvalues of the quadratic form. The validity of the derived mathematical model is verified through Monte-Carlo simulations.


This paper introduces StutterNet, a novel deep learning based stuttering detection capable of detecting and identifying various types of disfluencies. Most of the existing work in this domain uses automatic speech recognition (ASR) combined with language models for stuttering detection. Compared to the existing work, which depends on the ASR module, our method relies solely on the acoustic signal. We use a time-delay neural network (TDNN) suitable for capturing contextual aspects of the disfluent utterances. We evaluate our system on the UCLASS stuttering dataset consisting of more than 100 speakers. Our method achieves promising results and outperforms the state-of-the-art residual neural network based method. The number of trainable parameters of the proposed method is also substantially less due to the parameter sharing scheme of TDNN.


The aim of this study is to develop the Bayesian Least Squares Support Vector Machine (LS-SVM) classifiers, for preoperatively predicting the malignancy of ovarian tumors. We describe how to perform parameter estimation, input variable selection for LS-SVM within the evidence framework. The issue of computing the posterior class probability for risk minimization decision making is addressed. The relation between the LS-SVM model and kernel principal component analysis is also indicated and used for interpretation of the LS-SVM classifiers.


263. It contains a work of pastoral counselling on confession, a portion of a quodlibet disputation on eschatological topics (date of Judgment Day, identity of the Antichrist, heaven and hell as geographic places), the early high and low German texts and illustrations of the Himmlische Fundgrube (the original [1490] and shorter German version of Paltz's masterwork, the Coelifodina of 1502), two Mariological treatises, several sermons, and an oration for a special academic convocation during Holy Week (designed to help the audience prepare iself for the worthy receiving of Holy Communion). Two sermons are presented in Appendix 1 for which Paltz's authorship is open for debate, and in Appendix 2 materials from another late medieval Augustinian theologian are presented for comparison. The volume reflects the high technical standards of the series. Paltz's works give us an excellent insight into the mind of this important, though until recently little-known, theologian who shaped the intellectual climate of Erfurt (both the university and the Augustinian monastery) at the time when Luther was a student and monk there. While thoroughly orthodox, scholastic {via antiqua), and churchly, Paltz nevertheless presented a "theology" of a special kind; Berndt Hamm, the editor of volume 2, has appropriately labelled Paltz's theology with the term "Frommigkeitstheologie," thus suggesting the basically pastoral quality of Paltz's work. In terms of what one may consider "piety for the people" at the eve of the Reformation, we have available in these three volumes an excellent source. From Paltz's writings one receives an image of late-medieval theology which needs to be incorporated into textbooks to alter the run-ofthe-mill image which many of us have.


This study explores individual differences and the effects of these differences on usage of a statistics website, especially in combination with new platforms, such as mobile devices (i.e. smart phones and iPods). Moreover, the individual differences that are explored in this study are technology acceptance, attitudes towards statistics, user satisfaction, and statistics conception. This study looks to assist in the improvement of a website for both computer and mobile device usage, and propose suggestions for similar websites.


Twenty years ago I studied the ears in 234 patients ill with typhoid fever at the Boston City Hospital, and seven teen years ago I presented a paper at the annual meeting of the Massachusetts Medical Society, giving the results of these investigations. Although I have never been able to study the ears in so, large a number of typhoid patients äs a group since that time, having served as an aural surgeon to a large general hospital, I have been called upon to examine many patients who had developed aural disease during an attack of typhoid or who suffered with a pre existing pathologic condition of the ear, which was aggra vated by the typhoidal condition. There have also been many cases presenting typhoid symptoms and signs which proved to bp due to complicated aural sepsis "and not to typhoid bacillus. In considering the subject, we have to deal with the aural complications which may develop during the course of the typhoid infection, those which have existed before the onset of the typhoid condition, and those cases of aural disease which, through extension into the lateral sinus or brain, may simulate in many ways the symptoms of the typhoid state when there is no typhoid infection present. This latter class is a very important one, both because of its extreme severity and high mortality, and because early recognition and skillful surgical interference can often save the life and enable a restoration to comparative health of those almost surely doomed to death if left to nature or to unaided medical treatment. It is quite generally known


In recent years, the strong growth in solar power generation industries is requiring an increasing need to predict the profile of solar power production over the day, in order to develop high efficient and optimized stand-alone and grid connected photovoltaic systems. Moreover, the opportunities offered by battery energy storage systems coupled with PV systems, require the load power to be forecasted as well, in order to optimize the size of the entire system composed by PV panels and storage. In this work is proposed a predictive model based on feed-forward neural network trained with Levenberg-Marquardt back-propagation learning algorithm, to forecast solar irradiation and load power consumption using past values of these vectors, as well as exogenous inputs like ambient temperature or wind speed.


A new Schiff base, 2-[(4-Chloro-2-oxo-2H-chromen-3-ylmethylene)-amino]-propionic acid was successfully synthesized and characterized by proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR), carbon-13 nuclear magnetic resonance (13C NMR), Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR), elemental analysis (CHN) and UV–Vis spectroscopy. It was found out that the synthesized Schiff base could be used as a novel and reliable candidate to detect and quantify of Zn (II) ions in water and biological samples. Some effective parameters on quantification of Zn (II), such as pH, Schiff base and salt concentration were inspected by a (23) full factorial design using Design-Expert, software. Under optimum conditions, the calibration graph was linear in the range 0.04–10.0 μg mL−1 with a limit of detection of 0.01 μg mL−1. The proposed method was successfully applied to the rapid determination of Zn (II) in water and biological samples. The validation was performed by inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry (ICP-AES) with satisfactory results.


Pathomorphological classifications of the transtentorial herniations in acute head injuries had been already reported in the 24th Japan Neurosurgical Congress. In this time, pathomorphological changes of the midbrain and pons and its penetrating medial perforators were studied to clarify the pathogenesis of the brain stem hemorrhages following acute head injuries. In this series, brain stem hemorrhages located in the midline of the mesencephalic or pontine tegmentum were present in 11 cases of 26 brain stem hemorrhages among 76 injured brains accompanied with transtentorial herniations. Prior to the further pathological examinations of the brain stem hemorrhages, segmental arterial or arteriolar supplies were observed by means of xylene impregnated normal brain stem in both sagittal and horizontal macroserial sections. And then 1 of 11 cases written above was studied about morphological changes of the brain stem and its penetrating medial perforators by means of xylene impregnation method. Results were as follows: Herniated tissue caused shift, twist and elongation of the anteroposterior diameter of the midbrain and simultaneously ponto-mesencephalic junction was angulated accompanied with marked narrowing of the both basal and interpeduncular cistern. With the obstruction of the prepontine cistern, the anterior part of the pons was flattened against the clivus which restricted the downward displacement of the anterior part of the pons. On the other hand, dorsal part of the pons was displaced caudally more than the anterior part which was aggravated by the caudal bulging of the tentorium cerebelli and by the downward displacement of the cerebellum. According to the deformity of the brain stem, the medial perforators passing through the interpuduncular and prepontine cistern might be kinked or stenosed and especially these mechanical distress might be effective at the point of retrograde bifurcations of the medial perforators from basilar artery. Mesencephalic medial perforators were markedly stretched and hemorrhages were clearly located the courses of the medial perforators. At the pons, the medial perforators were also markedly stretched and its courses trended more caudally than the normal pattern according to the deformity of the pons. Hemorrhages were also located in the courses of the pontine medial


In this paper, we investigate, by merging the Danish linked employer-employee database with a Danish offshoring survey, the difference in employment between offshoring and non-offshoring firms that are active in manufacturing industries and business services in Denmark. We measure the mean difference on a set of employment characteristics, i.e. employment growth, growth in high skilled employees, and growth in employees with a background in science and engineering, by using a partial propensity score matching approach. The findings of the analyses show that there are clear differences between Danish offshoring and non-offshoring firms in how the employee composition changes over time. The change in employment composition differ considerably between manufacturing industries and business services and on whether firms offshore administrative and technical business functions or other types of business functions.


Seasonal fluctuations in the concentrations of 12 nutrients were assessed over 3 years for Protea 'Pink Ice' in 3 plantings in the Mount Lofty Ranges of South Australia. Nutrient concentrations in youngest fully expanded leaves (YFEL) generally showed strong seasonal trends, reflecting seasonal vegetative and flowering patterns. During May-August and December-February, YFEL concentrations of nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), potassium (K), calcium (Ca), sodium (Na), sulfur (S), copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), manganese (Mn), and iron (Fe) were relatively stable, making these suitable times for sampling. The effects of sampling error and leaf position were also determined. The error associated with our sampling procedure was within acceptable limits (coefficients of variation 45%) for N, P, K, Ca, magnesium (Mg), Na, S, and boron (B). Differences in nutrient composition between YFEL and YFEL - 1, YFEL - 2, YFEL + 1, YFEL + 2, and YFEL + 3 were of little practical significance. Nutrient removal by flowering stems and concentrations of nutrients in different fractions (bloom, stem + leaves, axillary shoots) of flowering stems were determined for each site. Nutrient concentrations in flowering stems were generally lower than in leaves. Nitrogen concentrations in axillary shoots and K concentrations in blooms were significantly higher than in other fractions. For preferred sampling times, seasonal trends showed that concentrations of N, P, K, Ca, Na, S, Cu, and Fe were fairly stable over May-August. Similarly, concentrations of N, P, K, Ca, S, Zn, and Mn were relatively stable during December-February, after completion of the spring vegetative flush.


The Orissa Adolescent Profile is a maiden effort to carry this process forward at the state level and contribute to the knowledge and information base on the issue. The profile is primarily based on secondary data compiled and collated from various sources with a review of the current scenario programmes and services. Both positive indicators and negative indices that emerged out of this study are expected to place the issue in perspective.


The present invention relates to an integrally molded thick seamless pantyhose manufacturing method thereof. The pantyhose integrally knitted on double needle bar raschel machine is made into a front cloth and a rear cloth joined by parting bonding technique, which is organized as a three-pin cloth tricot. The pantyhose nice, warm and comfortable, and because there is no joint, avoids the disadvantages of non-conventional pantyhose is integrally formed by seams and tear off the wire, and further increases the wearability of the pantyhose.


[1] During the Cairo Aerosol Characterization Experiment an automated Sun photometer belonging to the NASA Aerosol Robotic Network has been implemented for the first time in the megacity of Cairo, Egypt. The inversion of the measurements performed by this instrument several times a day and over a duration of more than 1 year (from the end of October 2004 to the end of January 2006) provides a way of determining the temporal variability of aerosol characteristics such as size distribution, complex refractive index, single-scattering albedo, and asymmetry parameter. The analysis of the results reveals that Cairo's aerosol is a mixture of three individual components produced by different mechanisms: "background pollution" aerosol produced by local urban activities, "pollution-like" aerosol resulting from biomass burning in the Nile delta, and "dust-like" aerosol released by wind erosion in the Sahara. It is also shown that the variations in the overall aerosol properties are in fact due to changes in the proportions of this mixture. In particular, short-duration dust storms and biomass-burning episodes explain the largest observed aerosol optical depths (AOD) (AOD > 0.7) through the extreme enhancements of concentrations in dust-like aerosols characterized by low Angstrom's exponent values (α < 0.5) and in "biomass-burning" aerosols (1.0 < α < 1.5). When averaged over longer (monthly and yearly) time periods, the effects of these high-frequency modifications are smoothed. In particular, an average "mixed aerosol" type is defined for the whole duration of the measurements period. The low single-scattering albedo (SSA) of this average aerosol and its marked spectral dependence clearly indicate that, at least on a yearly basis, the aerosol is dominated by its two light absorbing pollution components (background pollution and pollution-like) and to such an extent that it compares well with values obtained in other polluted megacities (e.g., Mexico City). This general dominance of the absorbing components can be challenged at shorter timescales. Indeed, the occurrence of several dust storms in springtime, and particularly in April, causes a significant increase in SSA and a parallel decrease in spectral dependence during this month. Conversely, the October biomass-burning events are not able to cause such important deviations from the yearly averaged mixed aerosol model that its optical properties can no longer be used for this month.


L AG O H A S W R I T T E N a concise, accessible and engaging book, which contributes to our understanding of the complex area of cross-cultural psychotherapy by covering a wide range of topics that need to be considered when working with Black and minority ethnic clients. Specifically, the book gives up-to-date relevant information about the British context and developments in the cross-cultural therapy area, with an emphasis on the field of counselling. By briefly tracing the origin of some of the most common and prominent racial attitudes and beliefs about Black people in the UK, the author challenges us to become more aware of how these beliefs infiltrate the therapeutic models that we work with and affect our sensitivity and awareness when participating in clinical work. The use of case studies and exercises facilitates this process. I found his detailed attention given to all aspects of verbal and nonverbal communication across cultures during the process of therapy, enriching and thought provoking. This challenges clinicians to become more aware of the barriers for effective communication and to get to know and understand the diversity of clients' cultures, without prejudice. Descriptions of a variety of traditional nonwestern approaches to helping provided an insight into alternative perspectives for understanding emotional distress. I particularly welcomed the chapters on cross-cultural supervision, training and research. Specifically, the chapter on meeting training needs provides both trainers and students with good references and resources to support teaching and training in this area in an open, safe and sensitive manner. After finishing reading Lago's book I found myself reflecting on some mixed feelings. On the one hand I found that it had helped me to consider my own biases in relation to my clients' cultural beliefs and practices as well as the impact of racism on myself and the way that I practise. However, this book seems more geared to help the White clinician. As a Black clinician working cross-culturally within the NHS, ironically I felt that many of the issues that I face had not been touched upon. For instance, Lago describes White people not having a racial concept of themselves as White and taking for granted the privileges that Whiteness gives them. However, he does not seem to pursue this theme further by addressing issues such as whether or when a Black therapist might address issues around Whiteness with their predominantly White clients? In Black therapist/White client dyads is it as important to talk about the impact of race and cultural differences on the therapeutic alliance as it is often assumed to be so when the difference is reversed? How might we begin to think about racism between Black clinicians, and the cultural complexities within the Black therapist/Black client dyad. The Black professional (whether psychotherapist, social worker, nurse, doctor or teacher) not only faces racism from living and working in a predominately White society and institutions, but can also face discrimination and prejudice from Black colleagues and clients. These processes have been described eloquently by Joseph (1995) and Afuape (2004). Moreover, Black clinicians can also oppress Black clients by not referring them to psychotherapy due to their own lack of trust in the effectiveness of therapy. This in turn prevents the Black client from experiencing certain interventions which may prove to be beneficial. Finally, racism can also be thought about as an intrapsychic process affecting White and non White therapists alike. Overall the complexities of cross-cultural work for the Black professional are immense and should warrant more space in the literature, more research and more debate. BOOK REVIEWS


Preparation and experimental studies on the phase transition and morphology of novel phosphorus-containing copolymers, having bisazobenzene units and variable molar ratio of aliphatic segments in the main chain, were performed. The chemical structure of the novel compounds has been confirmed by Fourier transform infrared and 1H-NMR spectroscopy. The thermal stability was investigated by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) while the mesomorphic behavior was closely observed with polarized light microscope (PLM) and by X-ray diffraction measurements, structure-properties relationships being established and discussed.


Commentary on : Paul M, Bishara J, Yahav D, et al. Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole versus vancomycin for severe infections caused by methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus: randomised controlled trial. BMJ 2015;350:h2219.

Despite decreasing incidence in many countries, severe infections caused by methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus ( S aureus, MRSA) continue to pose therapeutic challenges. Most MRSA strains remain susceptible to older antimicrobial agents such as trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (TMP-SMX);1 however, few randomised trials have evaluated its efficacy compared to current standard treatment options (vancomycin, daptomycin, linezolid).2 ,3 A single randomised controlled trial conducted more than two decades ago suggested that TMP-SMX may be a useful alternative to vancomycin for treatment of severe S aureus infections.4 This clinical trial examined whether TMP-SMX is non-inferior compared with vancomycin, for the treatment of …


Abstract: This paper replies to Christian Schubert's critical review of my work on opportunity as a normative criterion. Schubert argues that the criterion I have proposed would not command general assent because it does not recognize the legitimacy of individuals' preferences for achieving self-development by constraining their future opportunities. I argue that my account of the 'responsible agent' is compatible with self-development, and that preferences for self-constraint are less common than Schubert suggests. For the purposes of normative economics, my opportunity criterion is much more generally applicable than Schubert's criterion of 'opportunity to learn'.


To build a dock on the reclamation by bumping filling,it is necessary to treat the water-saturated granular foundation. In order to meet the requirements of design,cost of construction,time limit for a project,it is vitally important to select a reasonable and reliable method for ground improvement. By experimenting in site to treat the water-saturated granular foundation with vibroflotion compaction and explosion method,a contrastive study was made on the effect of consolidation of foundation from the following three aspects: increment and dissipation of pore-water pressure,ground surface settlement and contact sensor values. The result shows that the effect of vibroflotion compaction treatment is better and more reliable than explosion method,and it is promising to employ explosion method to treat deep foundation. 9figs.,2tabs.,14refs.


Background COPD is a common disease characterized by respiratory airflow obstruction. TGF-β1 and SMAD pathway is believed to play a role in COPD pathogenesis by driving epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT). Methods We investigated TGF-β1 signalling and pSmad2/3 and Smad7 activity in resected small airway tissue from patients with; normal lung function and a smoking history (NLFS), current smokers and ex-smokers with COPD GOLD stage 1 and 2 (COPD-CS and COPD-ES) and compared these with normal non-smoking controls (NC). Using immunohistochemistry, we measured activity for these markers in the epithelium, basal epithelium, and reticular basement membrane (RBM). Tissue was also stained for EMT markers E-cadherin, S100A4 and vimentin. Results The Staining of pSMAD2/3 was significantly increased in the epithelium, and RBM of all COPD groups compared to NC (p <0.0005). There was a less significant increase in COPD-ES basal cell numbers compared to NC (p= 0.02). SMAD7 staining showed a similar pattern (p <0.0001). All COPD group levels of TGF-β1 in the epithelium, basal cells, and RBM cells were significantly lower than NC (p <0.0001). Ratio analysis showed a disproportionate increase in SMAD7 levels compared to pSMAD2/3 in NLFS, COPD-CS and COPD-ES. pSMAD negatively correlated with small airway calibre (FEF25–75%; p= 0.03 r= -0.36). EMT markers were active in the small airway epithelium of all the pathological groups compared to patients with COPD. Conclusion Activation of the SMAD pathway via pSMAD2/3 is triggered by smoking and active in patients with mild to moderate COPD. These changes correlated to decline in lung function. Activation of the SMADs in the small airways is independent of TGF-β1, suggesting factors other than TGF-β1 are driving these pathways. These factors may have implications for small airway pathology in smokers and COPD through the process of EMT, however more mechanistic work is needed to prove these correlations.


Aztreonam-avibactam was tested against 1,839 Stenotrophomonas maltophilia isolates collected worldwide and demonstrated potent activity against isolates from all geographic regions and infection types (overall MIC50/90, 4/4 mg/liter; 97.8% inhibited at ≤8 mg/liter). Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (TMP-SMX) (MIC50/90, ≤0.5/1 mg/liter; 95.4% susceptible) and minocycline (MIC50/90, 0.5/2 mg/liter; 99. ABSTRACT Aztreonam-avibactam was tested against 1,839 Stenotrophomonas maltophilia isolates collected worldwide and demonstrated potent activity against isolates from all geographic regions and infection types (overall MIC50/90, 4/4 mg/liter; 97.8% inhibited at ≤8 mg/liter). Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (TMP-SMX) (MIC50/90, ≤0.5/1 mg/liter; 95.4% susceptible) and minocycline (MIC50/90, 0.5/2 mg/liter; 99.5% susceptible) were also very active. Aztreonam-avibactam inhibited 84.7% of non-TMP-SMX-susceptible isolates at ≤8 mg/liter. Aztreonam-avibactam may represent a valuable option for the treatment of S. maltophilia infections, addressing a major unmet medical need.