The analysis of the status of organic farms in Poland in the period of 2003-2016 showed an increase in both the number and the acreage of agricultural holdings. As of 2004, high dynamics of growth was observed, which was related to Poland's accession to the EU and implementation of the CAP and the national Environmental Management Scheme. The aim of this paper is to present growth tendencies in and aid measures for organic farming. The analysis demonstrates the dynamics in the number organic farms and the acreage of organic crops on the basis of the data of the Central Agricultural and Food Quality Inspection (GIJHARS) and the Agency for Restructuring and Modernisation of Agriculture (ARMA). The conclusions that can be drawn from the studies demonstrate that the development of organic farming is highly dependent on the amount of EU funds. Financial support coming from the budget of the European Community is effectuated through consecutive RDP editions (2004-2006, 2007-2013 and 2014-2020). The dynamics of growth in organic farming during the CAP implementation stage indicates that the level of support from the EU is the major determinant of growth in organic farming in Poland. The period of 2003-2016 was characterized by a ten-fold increase in the number of organic farms (from 2.286 to 23.375) and the acreage of organic crops (from 61.2 thousand ha to 537 thousand ha).


We developed a radioimmunoassay for plasma thromboxane B, the metabolite of the coronary vasoconstrictor thromboxane A,. To see if thromboxane A, is produced during myocardial ischemia, we used atrial pacing to study 14 patients with greater than 75% occlusive coronary artery disease proved by arteriography. Paired samples were taken from the coronary sinus (CS) and an artery (A) for lactate and thromboxane B, analysis before pacing. During and after pacing at 140 beats/min, sampling was repeated. Before, during, immediately after and 10 minutes after pacing, percent myocardial lactate extractions (A-CS/A × 100) were 29.3 ± 3.7%, −21.1 ± 12.8%, −74.3 ± 20.3% and 25.1 + 3.5%, respectively (all changes p < 0.01). Before pacing, five patients had detectable coronary sinus or arterial thromboxane levels. During pacing, 18% and 40% increases occurred in coronary sinus and arterial blood, respectively (0.8 ± 0.1 to 0.9 ± 0.2 pmol/ml, and 0.5 0.2 to 0.7 ± 0.2 pmol/ml). Immediately after pacing, increases of 204% and 132% occurred in the coronary sinus and arterial blood (p < 0.05), respectively (2.3 ± 0.9 pmol/ml and 1.2 ± 0.4 pmol/ml). Ten minutes after pacing, thromboxane B, returned to prepacing levels. These data indicate that thromboxane A, is produced during pacing-induced myocardial ischemia and could alter regional coronary blood flow.


The article reveals the constitutional and legal foundations and features of the formation of the corps of professional judges in foreign countries. It has been established that in many countries there is an independent specialized body, whose competence is to ensure the training of candidates applying for positions of judges, for example, in France – the National School of Magistracy, Georgia – the High Council of Justice, Poland – the National Council of Judicial Procedure, Germany – a selection committee, Croatia – Council of State, United States of America – Senate Judicial Committee, Great Britain – Commission on the Appointment of Judges. It has been established that the process of training candidates applying for judicial positions should take into account the aspect of skills development provided for in the Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms. It has been proven that in the context of the implementation of special training for candidates applying for judicial positions, one should rely on the provisions of Recommendation Rec(2004) of the Committee of Ministers is the Council of Europe to member states on the role of the European Convention on Human Rights in university education and vocational training. It has been determined that the constitutional and legal basis for the activities of institutions conducting vocational training of candidates applying for positions of judges is determined by a special law in many countries. It was found that professional training of judges takes place in the formats of a combination of an interdisciplinary approach to training with a multidisciplinary one, the use of various practical methods for teaching, based on the requirements of European legislation, the development of a program to improve the leadership and management skills of candidates applying for positions of judges. It is proposed to take into account the experience of France, Georgia, Poland, Germany, Croatia, the United States of America, Japan, Great Britain, and other countries when forming the corps of professional judges in Ukraine.


The most important factor that influences children's growth is education rather than endowments.The impressions received by children in their early age last longest,children's future success attributes to their early education,and children's developments throughout their life will rely on their early education.In her childhood,Pearl S.Buck not only received education in Chinese environment but also in American one,and she was influenced by her mother's personal examples as well as verbal instructions,Chinese traditional culture,her keen love of Dickens and reading his works,and the special years full of upheavals and sufferings,etc.,which has greatly influenced her behavior and habits,thinking manners,thoughts of creation,writing styles and religious belief,etc..Pearl S.Buck's early education has been the source of her literary works,the foundation of her success and the endless spiritual valuables all her life,so that she has become a world famous American female with special love of China.


Information and communication technology introduces an array of options of accessing government services and information on citizens' own terms. These terms include citizens' expectations of availing 24×7 services from anywhere through multiple channels at their convenience. To facilitate more access to government services and information, Bangladesh, like other governments of the world, has taken several measures to implement the concept of e-government which resulted into the introduction of the theme of 'Digital Bangladesh' (DB) in 2009 integrating all the measures and initiatives of e-government under a single vision. One of the key objectives of the DB is to ensure the technology-based delivery of services at the doorsteps of citizens especially to reach the unreached. In this context, the paper enquires about the emerging form of public service delivery network under the theme of DB particularly focusing on the strategic components like self-service web portal, Public Information Centres installed at different administrative levels and cell phone-based applications. It also attempts to identify the challenges that pose obstruction to the smooth realisation of the initiative. The study concludes that in spite of the challenges, the taken strategies play a seminal role in making the public service delivery more competent and thereby achieving the purpose of reaching the unreached citizen effectively.


In current national survey (Japan), approximately 70 percent of recent secondary school graduates recommended that schools provide more instruction in mathematics. It is well recognized that our current instructional system needs to be much improved to achieve our goals. No one denied that the goal of teaching is to master learning. Yet, in fact, there have been relatively few successful systematic attempts to determine the effectiveness of specific teaching methods or to design methods that maximize positive results and minimize negative results.
 One of the important purposes of this study is the development of new instructional system based upon recent learning strategies...... a system which is most suitable for the actual situation in mathematics of elementary school. As an effort to bring about this purpose, the diagnostic and remedial instructional system was developed.
 This system differs from conventional classroom instruction in (1) its emphasis on the mastery of each of a series of learning units, (2) its frequent testing to diagnose learning difficulties, and (3) its systematic feedback-corrective procedures through error analysis for helping slower learners overcome learning errors.
 In this system, an instructional unit is defined as a learning task or tasks requiring approximately six to fifteen lesson hours of instruction. Since the system was emphasized in individualized instruction, the tests used were almost exclusively criterion-referenced. Mastery is demonstrated on these measures by attaining a prespecified level of achievement on each instructional objectives.
 The flow chart in Figure 1 illustrates the use of testing in guiding pupils through units on individualized instrcution.
 Here Figure I The instructional system has been developed through continuous experimentations over a period of three years. The instructional system was more effective compared with the conventional system, and the instructional materials including teacher's manuals and remedial programmed programs were successfully used without any particular difficulties encountered in using them. Four units in arithmetic from four elernentary grade levels were selected for use in this study. The results are as follows: (1) According to summative testing results, for the lower grades 90 percent of the pupils belonging to the mastery learning groups achieved 90 percent mastery. (2) Remedial learning for low achievers (identified through arithmetic achievement and/or readiness tests) was improved significantly.
 (3) For the higher elementary grades, 80'. percent of the students attained an 80 percent or higher level of mastery of the instructional objectives. (4) Overall results showed that the instructional materials developed for this study were significantly more effective than regular instruction.


Rural fires are dangerous, and even after a fire has been extinguished hidden hotspots can continue to burn under burnt foliage. To aid in the post fire investigation procedure this paper proposes a method to locate the perimeter of a burnt fire region on the ground from an aerial camera. This process involves a boundary detection application which applies texture boundary detection algorithms. The Variance Ridge Detector can detect texture-boundaries in real-time yet still results in a high quality output. The Variance Ridge Detector is able to run at 47 frames per second on 320 by 240 pixel images. This paper discusses the methods to optimise the boundary detector for the purpose of recognising and highlighting the perimeter of burnt fire regions. This implements a threshold filter to remove undesired texture boundaries and obtain a mask of the fire ground. The mask is merged with the target image to identify the perimeter of the burnt fire region. This method is performed in real time and reliably detects a burnt fire ground with an accuracy of 74%. These objective measurements show that the proposed method outperforms all investigated prior burnt fire ground detectors on either quality or speed. The development of this perimeter detector could lead to deployment onto embedded systems for more practical tasks. This could include autonomous robots via tracking of a perimeter.


The excitation of bound electrons in metal was investigated to determine the nature of the kinetic ejection of electrons by ions. The temperature dependence of potential ejection of electrons, the dependence gamma = f(E), the effect of the energy expended in the formation of the bombarding ion, and the role of energy losses by the excited electrons are discussed. Experimental data showed the existence of a "threshold" of kinetic ejection. Above this threshold ion-electron emission increased linearly with increasing energy for argon and potassium ions. The electron ejection by potassium and argon ions was the same and did not depend on the material of the target for ion energies of 0.5 to 6 kev. It was assumed that in the cases studied, excitation of bound electrons in the metal took place. Electron ejection by He, H/sub 2/, Hg, Li, and Cs ions was also studied. (M.C.G.)


Objective To study the relationship between the Klotho gene polymorphism in exon 2,rs9536314 and rs9527025 and 4 Zone District rs564481,polymorphism of rs1207568 in the promoter region and longevity in Hetian Uygur population.Methods Genotyping were done regarding polymorphism of rs9536314 and rs9527025 and rs1207568 and the rs564481 in 112 subjects of case group and 249 subjects of control group by Multiplex SNaPshot reaction.Results There were no significant differences between case group and control group regarding genotype frequency,allele frequency and haplotype distribution in rs9536314,rs9527025,rs1207568 and rs564481 of Klotho gene(P0.05).Polymorphism of Klotho gene was not related to longevity in the Uygur population according to correlation analysis(P0.05).Conclusion There are no correlation between polymorphism of Klotho gene in rs9536314,rs9527025,rs1207568 and rs564481 and longevity in Xinjiang Uygur population.


A vibration signal observed from a gearbox is normally composed of the vibrations of bearing and gear components as well as the strong background noise. Sparse regularization performs as an effective method to deal with vibration signal denoising and compound fault diagnosis for the gearbox. In this article, a multivariate and non-convex logarithm penalty based on the generalized infimal convolution smoothing (GICS) is deduced. To guarantee the global minimum of the overall cost function, we also derive a convexity condition to prescribe the non-convex penalty. In this way, the optimal sparse solution to the cost function can be calculated by a convex algorithm. Multiplied by respective transform matrices, all fault components in a compound signal can be simultaneously reconstructed, and then each fault characteristic frequency can be extracted. Numerical and experimental analyses demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method. Compared with the classical convex $L1$ norm and newly developed non-convex generalized minimax-concave (GMC) penalties, the proposed method is superior in terms of inducing sparsity effectively and enhancing the estimation accuracy of signal components.


Horticultural mineral oil (HMO) is an inexpensive, environmentally safe pest management alternative, and acceptable in some cases for products labeled for organic production. However, there has been insufficient information on efficacy and direct impact to vegetable crops, including tomatoes ( Lycopersicum esculentum Mill.) and peppers Capsicum annuum L. under commercial conditions in south Florida. We conducted a series of field trials in Immokalee on pepper and tomato during two fall seasons and one spring season. Highly refined HMOs were tank mixed with fungicides, insecticides or sprayed alone at rates ranging from 0.5% to 2% at weekly intervals throughout the crop cycle. Pest populations significantly reduced in response to these sprays included silverleaf whitefly ( Bemisia argentifolii Bellows and Perring), Broadmite ( Polyphagotarsonemus latus Banks), green peach aphid ( Myzus persicae Sulzer), and surprisingly, southern armyworm ( Spodoptera eridania Stoll), and pepper weevil ( Anthonomus eugenii Cano). It is not certain whether these effects were due to mortality, repellency or a combination of both. Some phytotoxicity and increased bacterial spot were observed with higher rates of oil on fall tomatoes, especially early in the fall season during hot weather. Nevertheless, HMO appears to be a useful and as yet under-exploited pest management tool for vegetable growers. Petroleum-derived horticultural mineral oils (HMOs) have been used for pest control for well over a hundred years, initially as dormant oil sprays for deciduous tree crops. Their use as foliar sprays has increased as improvements in purity and surfactants have improved efficacy and reduced risks of phytotoxicity (Davidson et al., 1991). Oils are thought to act directly on insects by blocking the spiracles and causing suffocation (Stansly et al., 1996). An additional effect brought about by coating of olfactory receptor organs may cause interference with host location (Simons, 1982), resulting in repellency to adult aphids and whiteflies (Butler et al., 1989; Larew and Locke, 1990; Liu and Stansly 1995a,b). Finally, there is good evidence that oils slow the movement of non-persistent plant viruses in the field by interfering with the retention of virions on aphid vector stylets (Wang and Pirone, 1996). Although oils may control a wider range of pests than soaps, oils may also be toxic to beneficial organisms, particularly from direct contact with sprays (Davidson et al., 1991; Liu and Stansly, 1996; Rosen, 1967; Stansly and Liu, 1997; Stansly et al., 2002). The field experiments described here were undertaken with the objective of defining practical benefits and limits of using HMOs to control pests of tomato and pepper in Florida. HMO is the standard treatment in Florida citrus for greasy spot, rust mite and a host of other pests and conditions including loosening of sooty mold. Problems with phytotoxicity in citrus have largely disappeared since the advent of highly refined "narrow range" HMOs. Nevertheless, there has been concern about phytotoxic responses of vegetable crops, even to narrow range oils, although no phytotoxicity was observed on bell pepper during fall, 1995 following weekly applications at rates of up to 2% Sunspray Ultrafine (tank mixed or not) with mancozeb and copper fungicides (Vavrina et al., 1996). Benefits from weekly sprays on tomato would largely be felt in spring when the threat of whitefly and TYLCV is greatest. However, the potential risk of phytotoxicity is greatest in early fall when temperatures are highest and plants are most susceptible to spray burn. Our objectives were to evaluate possible phytotoxic responses to HMOs of tomatoes and peppers during the fall and spring growing seasons, as well as the insecticidal properties of these products to the principal pests of these crops. While we anticipated rates of 0.5% to 1.0% as becoming the norm, higher rates were tested under adverse conditions to evaluate possible plant injury. Insecticidal properties were also compared to various standard and experimental treatments against the principal pests of tomato and pepper in southwest Florida to asses efficacy of HMOs with respect to existent and future control options. Materials and Methods


Objective Discuss the curative effect of pulmonary surfactant treating infants respiratory distress syndrome.Methods Divided into two groups stochastically 60 examples with infants respiratory distress syndrome,each group of 30 examples,the control group gives oxygen,control of infection,preventing and controlling hemorrhage,machinery ventilation conventional treatments and so on maintains warmth,attractd phlegm,the observation group applied the pulmonary surfactant,infants treatment in the conventional treatment foundation,observed two groups of trouble formation rates.Results There is statistics significance between two groups of infants respiratory distress syndrome formation rates,the observation group is lower than the control group(P0.05).Conclusion There is remarkable prevention function of pulmonary surfactant treating infants respiratory distress syndrome,and may reduce the condition.


An injection of suspended PVC particles in the caecal vein of mice induces a foreign-body portal granuloma reaction in the liver. Plastic casts of the portal system, after PVC particles implantation, show modifications in the portal bed and are compared with plastic casts obtained in mice infested by Schistosoma mansoni. This technique can be useful to study the cellular dynamics of the portal granuloma and can be a model for schistosomal eggs induced liver pathology.


Epigastric hernia are usually small, single or multiple and usually contains
extraperitoneal fat or omentum. Our case presentation is however that of a giant epigastric hernia which contained the stomach, omentum, 70cm of ileum, caecum, appendix, ascending colon, and most of the transverse colon. The neck measured 14cm in diameter and necessitated the use of mesh to effect repair. Keywords : Epigastric, giant, hernia, mesh repair Ebonyi Medical Journal Vol. 6 (2) 2007: pp. 118-120


The problem addressed is that of predicting the time pattern of response of industry to the changing pattern of availability of resources. The model adopted is that of a flow system in which each plant or industry is a reactive element. Each such element is considered as a generalized reactor, and the applicability of chemical reactor theory is discussed. Finally the determination of the parameters of the response pattern are considered, and some of their limitations are noted.


(57) ABSTRACT A method and an apparatus are provided for perform ing growth of compound thin films by alternately re peating separate surface reactions of the substances comprising the compound. A carrier gas affects a diffu sion barrier between the surface reaction steps to be separated from each other. The gas phase diffusion barrier is also applied to separate the source regions of different reacting vapors both from each other and from the surface reaction zone.


Due to the wide range of modelling constructs supported by the expressive DLSROIQ, the typically used tableau algorithms in competitive reasoning systems such as FaCT++ [16], HermiT,3 or Pellet [14] have a very high worst-case complexity. The development of tableau optimisations that help to achieve practical efficiency is, therefore, a longstanding challenge in DL research (see, e.g., [11, 17]). A very effective and widely implemented optimisation technique is "caching", where one caches, for a set of concepts, whether they are known to be, or can safely be assumed to be, satisfiable or unsatisfiable [4]. If the set of concepts appears again in a model abstraction, then a cache-lookup allows for skipping further applications of tableau rules. Unfortunately, with increasing expressivity naively caching become unsound, for instance, due to the possible interaction of inverse roles with universal restrictions [1, Chapter 9]. With this contribution we push the boundary of the caching optimisation to the expressive DL SROIQ. The developed unsatisfiability caching method is based on a sophisticated dependency management, which further enables better informed tableau backtracking and more efficient pruning (Section 3). Our techniques are grounded in the widely implemented tableau calculus for SROIQ [9], which makes it easy to transfer our results into existing implementations. The optimisations are integrated within a novel reasoning system, called Konclude [13]. Our empirical evaluation shows that the proposed optimisations result in significant performance improvements (Section 4).


Ibn Quzmán's «Zajal No. 84» has hitherto been viewed as a poem lacking its final, panegyrical section, due to an assumed accident in the manuscript's transmission. According to such a view, the poem has come down to us in an incomplete form. By analyzing certain prominent thematic features contained in the poem, and showing that they fit closely together, exhibiting a complex but carefully organized structure of the kind known as ring-composition, the following article attempts to suggest that there are strong reasons why «Zajal No. 84» may not be incomplete, but that it may, instead, have been composed with the deliberate omission of the ending one would normally expect in an Arabic panegyric. This strategy may have been adopted by the poet, the article proceeds to suggest, in order to stimulate the reader/listener to consider deeper theological, philosophical, and moral implications in a work that, on the surface, deceptively appears to be nothing more than an exercise in buffoonery, devoid of any social concerns. Ultimately, the article attemps to explore the literary value of the poem, and the extraordinary merits of its author.


Astacene (3,3′-dihydroxy-2,3,2′,3′-tetradehydro-b,b′-carotene-b,b-dione) is a red carotenoid reported in small quantities in some green algae, higher plants, and animals. However, it has been generally believed that astacene is an oxidative artifact of astaxanthin (3,3′-dihydroxy-b,b-carotene-4,4′-dione). Astaxanthin is a naturally occurring pigment and a structural analogue of astacene. A recently isolated unicellular green alga, Palmellococcus miniatus, has been found to synthesize and accumulate large quantities of red secondary carotenoids under certain environmental stress conditions. In this study, chromatographic, spectrophotometric and mass spectrometric evidence has been used to confirm that astacene is a natural occurring pigment, which can comprise over 70% of the secondary carotenoids in stressed cells. Electron microscopy revealed that the accumulation of astacene was accompanied by the formation of numerous lipid bodies outside of the chloroplasts. Lipid bodies were isolated from the cells by French pressure cell disruption, followed by sucrose gradient density centrifugation. HPLC analysis indicated that lipid bodies were the sites of astacene accumulation. The possible physiological roles and distribution of this pigment among several groups of green algae will be discussed.


Nap-Of-the-Earth (NOE) flight in a conventional helicopter is extremely taxing for two pilots under visual conditions. Developing a single pilot all-weather NOE capability will require a fully automatic NOE navigation and flight control capability for which innovative guidance and control concepts were examined. Constrained time-optimality provides a validated criterion for automatically controlled NOE maneuvers if the pilot is to have confidence in the automated maneuvering technique. A second focus was to organize the storage and real-time updating of NOE terrain profiles and obstacles in course-oriented coordinates indexed to the mission flight plan. A method is presented for using pre-flight geodetic parameter identification to establish guidance commands for planned flight profiles and alternates. A method is then suggested for interpolating this guidance command information with the aid of forward and side looking sensors within the resolution of the stored data base, enriching the data content with real-time display, guidance, and control purposes. A third focus defined a class of automatic anticipative guidance algorithms and necessary data preview requirements to follow the vertical, lateral, and longitudinal guidance commands dictated by the updated flight profiles and to address the effects of processing delays in digital guidance and control system candidates. The results of this three-fold research effort offer promising alternatives designed to gain pilot acceptance for automatic guidance and control of rotorcraft in NOE operations.


An optical time domain reflectometer using correlation technique may has much better performance than conventional otdr . the autocorrelation of Golay sequence has low sidelobes, so we can use Golay sequence as the probe signal.This paper present the theoretical foundation of this method and tell the way to change bipolar codes to unipolar codes.


Phosphoryl amino acids and phosphoryl amino acid esters, as phosphorus analogs of amino acid, have attracted much attention because they show wide biological activities. In this paper, the title compounds, 2-isopropoxy-(2-isopropyl-5-methyl-cyclohexyloxy)-phosphoryl amino acid esters, were synthesized in the presence of sulfuryl chloride with reasonable yields. Their structures were confirmed by IR, H NMR, C NMR, P NMR and MS spectra, and the antibacterial and antitumor activities of these compounds were given in this paper.


Background. Interest in the study of entangled states of systems of natural and artificial atoms (qubits) interacting with selected modes of microwave resonators is associated with their use as logic elements of quantum computers. At the same time, the most important task of the physics of quantum computing is the choice of the most effective mechanisms for manipulating and controlling the entangled states of qubits in such devices. Aim. The dynamics of the entanglement of two dipole-coupled superconducting Josephson qubits induced by a thermal noise of a coplanar resonator is studied for various initial states of the qubits. Methods. Based on the exact solution of the quantum Liouville equation for the whole density matrix of the system under consideration, the time behavior of the qubit entanglement parameter (negativity) is found for chaotic thermal, pure separable, and entangled initial states of qubits. Results. It is shown that the entanglement of qubits induced by the thermal noise of the resonator is possible for both the chaotic thermal states and separable states of qubits, except the case when both qubits are excited. It has also been found that, for small values of the dipole–dipole interaction parameter, taking this interaction into account leads to an increase in the degree of entanglement. For values of the dipole-dipole interaction parameter greater than some limit value, the opposite effect takes place. It is found that for entangled initial states of qubits, the inclusion of direct interaction has a small effect on the entanglement dynamics. It is shown that the initial coherence of qubit states can lead to a significant increase in the degree of their entanglement in the presence of a dipole–dipole interaction. Conclusion. The dipole-dipole interaction can be used as an effective mechanism for qubits entanglement manipulation and controlling.


The engineering training plays very important role in higher education not only it can raise the studying interest and innovative potential,but also reinforces what they have been taught in class.Over the past few years,about how to strengthen the students engineering practical skills and ability,then to enhance the student's finding employment ability,the exploration has been carried on these problems under the modern mechanical engineering training mode.


author then examines the 'driving forces' of agricultural change in more detail in the third part of the book, again illuminating the discussion with wider-ranging case studies of shifting cultivation. There is discussion of such matters as what constitutes an agricultural revolution, incremental change and capital formation, agricultural revolutions in northwest Europe and Japan, intensification and population change, population migration and the Green Revolution. The diversity of experience of agricultural change is used to criticize a number of conventional generalizations (e.g., Geertz's notion of 'agricultural involution' and Boserup's thesis about the process of agricultural intensification), although without offering any substantive alternative interpretation except that reality is complex and diverse. The general reader will probably find the fourth and concluding part of the book most rewarding. In it Brookfield broadens his application of agrodiversity to include the condition and trajectory of post-Green Revolution world agriculture. There are interesting reflections on the need for agrodiversity itself to be dynamic, genetic erosion and conservation, plant-breeding technology, including a review of the issues surrounding genetically modified crops, alternative agriculture in the North and, perhaps rather idiosyncratically for some readers, an advocacy of the Cuban model of agricultural development. There are large literatures on most of these topics and the reader may well wish more space had been devoted to elaborating on the author's thinking on the issues at the expense of earlier case-study material. Nevertheless, a persuasive, if expected, case is made for the application of agrodiversity to address the widely accepted limitations of 'modernist agriculture' in its diverse forms, but with more emphasis on the resilience rather than sustainability of farming systems. The organizational domain is identified as the main limitation on the application of agrodiversity principles, not least the vulnerability of smaller farmers to economic change and the interests of more powerful groups in society. Here, the author observes that 'the dynamic diversity of small farmers' practices has only the most limited formal literature' (p. xiii) and perhaps the main contribution of the book is to give formal recognition and significance to those practices, with lessons for the wider agricultural and policy-making communities.


The clinical analysis of influence of a chronic emotional pressure in the conditions of professional activity on development of post-traumatic stressful frustration is given. Adequacy of application of personological approach lies in consultation of persons of the stressor professions.


The advent of new media changing the human life style and affecting the modern society produced the new culture different from the previous one. The current new media art is expressing the art through the various characteristics such as interaction These characteristics are being expressed in the surface and space during the modern gallery construction in the various ways. Accordingly, the study is concerned with studying the design characteristics of the modern gallery construction introducing the new media art concept by surveying the new media art greatly affecting the modern society in the digital era and by analyzing the gallery construction through the characteristics.


The aim of this work was to compare the methods of dimensioning of reinforced concrete stairs, namely: simplified manual calculation and calculation using CYPECAD software. In order to do so, two usual staircases were designed, which were: one flight stair, reinforced longitudinally, and cantilevered stair, with isolated steps. Initially, considerations were made about the architectural design of stairs, with rules being presented, according to the current norm, for the definition of the geometry of the steps, width of the stair and dimensions of guard height and handrails. Subsequently, specifications were addressed for the definition of the applied loads and for the realization of the design of the stair. After exposing the theoretical framework, the applications were presented, where the manual calculation of the specified stair models was performed. Soon after, there is the presentation of the CYPECAD software, the indication of the steps necessary to perform the calculation of the stairs and the display of the results obtained. It could be concluded that, in the dimensioning of the one flight stair, reinforced longitudinally, the method of manual calculation proved to be costly, but more economical, since it presented lower armature rates in relation to the calculation performed through the CYPECAD. The use of the software has given speed and practicality to the process, generating more conservative results in relation to the safety of the structure. The manual calculation was also costly, but more reliable, for the cantilevered stairs, with isolated steps. The CYPECAD presented limitations in the launch of the structure and applied loads, generating discretants results of the calculated manually and making the comparison between methods unfeasible.


The chapter Chlorophyll fluorescence: A wonderful tool to study
plant physiology and plant stress brings a lot of information
of chlorophyll fluorescence technique and its application in
recent plant science. The chapter is an overview of chlorophyll
fluorescence basics, backround of variety of methos, their
application and limitations. It is a compendium of recent
knowledge on chlorophzll fluorescence methods in plant
physiology.


Today, the most commonly used technology for wireless networks is IEEE 802.11. The performance of the Medium Access Control MAC layer, which consists of Distributed Coordination Function DCF and Point Coordination Function PCF, has been examined over a long time period. The DCF is the random access scheme that uses CSMA/CA in IEEE 802.11 MAC layer protocol. There are various issues related to the performance evaluation of IEEE 802.11 DCF and one of the important issues is the problem of hidden terminals which exists in practice in any wireless network. In this paper, a two-dimensional analytical model is proposed for the analysis of IEEE 802.11 DCF in the presence of hidden terminals for both basic access and RTS/CTS modes by making use of the Markov chain.


In this paper the generalized Bessel matrix polynomials are introduced. An operational relations between a Laguerre matrix polynomials and Wittaker matrix functions are given. A Rodrigues' formula and The generating function of generalized Bessel matrix polynomials are established. These polynomials appear as finite series solutions of second-order matrix differential equations and orthogonality property for the generalized Bessel matrix polynomials are given.


Three species of hydnaceous genus Climacodon P.Karst.in China are summarized.C.dubitativus(Lloyd)Ryvarden is newly recorded from China.It is characterized by imbricate and efflorescence-like basidiocarps,clavate to fusiform cystidia,and broadly ellipsoid basidiospores.An illustrated description of the species is given based on the materials collected from Hainan Province,and a key with synoptic description of each species is provided.


The utility model discloses a roller cone reamer, comprising at least a roller jaw equipped with a screw axle journal. The axle journal of the roller jaw is provided with a reamer assembly, comprising a sliding axle sleeve with artificial polycrystalline diamond mounted thereon, a roller cone with artificial polycrystalline diamond sliding sleeve mounted thereon, and a screwed thrust limiting slip-ring with artificial polycrystalline diamond mounted thereon. The reamer assembly is mounted in a reamer short circuit to form the roller cone reamer. Employing an artificial polycrystalline diamond sliding friction pair as roller cone bearing, the roller cone reamer eliminates weak locking devices for rolling roller cone, thereby greatly extending service life of reaming roller cone bearings. The roller cone reamer is characterized by simple and solid structure, and easy manufacture.


The management of railroad structures is more difficult and complicate because there are many structures such as rail, bridge, tunnel, station, and so on. Therefore, LCC(Life Cycle Cost) analysis of railroad structures as public infrastructure must contain a maintenance cost as well as an initial cost in order to make a more effective management during the life cycle on the design phase. This paper presents a cost classification scheme considering user costs such as value of delayed time of passenger and freight. Also, in this study it is developed a probabilistic life cycle cost(PLCC) analysis model of railroad structures taking into account uncertainties and variations of input variables in order to analyze LCC. It may be stated that the model proposed in this study can greatly contribute to the making optimal decision, the estimate of the maintenance cost and the allocate of budget in the project of railroad structures.


We already have a distinction between the intension and extension of (linguistic) terms. This is not simply the distinction that is operative in philosophy of mind, body, and action. There, the concern is with things, and with a physicalistic or a mentalistic account of them. The physicalist says he supports an 'extensional' analysis of things, the mentalist an 'intensional'. So, the physicalist says that, in the end, only 'the extensional language of physical science' will do in ontology. But, associating this physical-mental dichotomy with the intension-extension distinction as applied to terms is misleading. The ontological issue is obscured by the association. An ontologist wants, like Spinoza or Berkeley, to know whether things are extended or not, and in what respects. This question makes central the concept of space, or more generally of 'field', 'domain'. Unfortunately, the same word 'extension' is used also for the spread or location of a thing in space. To dissociate the extension of a term, a logical notion, from the ontological notion of the spatial status of a thing, I introduce the new word 'extention'. This coinage correlates, not with the 'intension' of terms—the logical correlate of 'extension'—but with 'intention', a word that fortunately already has common currency, and reeks with connotations that have logical ties with 'consciousness'. So, from here on, we have two dichotomies: intension-extension applying to terms, and intention-extention applying to things. Since terms are things, both sorts of considerations are relevant to them, the logical one and the ontological. Only the latter applies to, say, stones or persons, since these are not linguistic terms. (They may be terms of various relations.)


Introduction and aim. The use of complementary medicine applications is increasing due to the interest of society. We aimed to assess the attitudes, behaviors, and awareness of the patients who applied to a primary care unit towards complementary medicine practices. Material and methods. This cross-sectional study was conducted with the voluntary participation of 562 individuals who admitted in a primary care unit. The data was collected through face-to-face interviews through a research questionnaire form and the Complementary, Alternative, and Conventional Medicine Attitudes Scale between 20 June-20 August 2021. The sample size was calculated with the OpenEpi v3.01program and statistical analyzes were performed using the SPSS-24 package program. Results. Their mean age was 39.73±12.95 years and women accounted for 55.5% (n=312) of all participants. The most known complementary medicine methods were phytotherapy, acupuncture, and cup therapy. The information sources of the participants about Complementary Medicine were mostly people around them; only 31.1% of them consulted a doctor. The mean total scale score was 111.45±19.08. Those with chronic diseases, employees, who had COVID-19 disease, high educational status, and those who evaluated their health status as good had more positive attitudes towards complementary medicine practices. A weak negative correlation was found between age and total scale score. Conclusion. Although positive attitudes towards complementary medicine practices are exhibited, health professionals are consulted at very low rates as a source of information. Health care providers must make arrangements and plans to provide this increasing interest from reliable sources.


Being aimed at the recovery system of ethanol pulping, and based on the techniques requirement of recovery processing and energy-saving expectation, two kinds of flash tank, directed and turbine based, are designed in this paper.


Replication is a well-know fault-tolerance technique, and several replication strategies exist (e.g. active, passive, and semi-active replication). To be used in hard real-time systems, the presence of replication must be dealt with in scheduling algorithms, and more particularly in the feasibility tests in charge of testing whether deadlines will be met or not. So far, existing solutions to integrate replicated tasks in scheduling algorithms were specific to a given replication strategy or to its implementation on a given architecture. This paper is devoted to the description of a framework for taking into account the replicated tasks in scheduling algorithms that is largely independent of the replication technique. We show on an example that the same scheduling algorithm can be used whatever replication strategy is selected, even if several replication strategies are simultaneously used.


The Northwest Indian Ocean and the passive continental margins of East Africa and West Madagascar formed during the breakup of Gondwana in the Mid-Jurassic. It was during this time that the marginal sedimentary basins, currently attracting attention for hydrocarbon exploration, were formed.

Since initial rifting, the development of the Indian Ocean has been punctuated by a number of boundary relocations. As a result of this complicated history, it has proven difficult to reconcile the area into a coherent tectonic model. A new high-resolution plate kinematic model of the opening of the NW Indian Ocean has been developed using finite rotation poles generated by a mixture of visual fitting and iterative joint inversion of magnetic isochron and fracture zone data [2,3]. The model is correlated with the tectono-stratigraphy and subsidence history of the sedimentary basins. It will also be used to predict and then quantify the regional stress field of the African plate at important tectonic stages.


ABSTRACT A two degree-of-freedom vehicle model is developed which incorporates passive, active, and semi-active secondary suspensions. The model is used to demonstrate the trade-offs which are inherent in attempting to provide desirable sprung weight isolation while at the same time controlling unsprung weight motions. A linear model is used first in order to compare passive and active suspensions in an analytically understandable configuration. The semi-active suspension is inherently nonlinear and is compared to the others through computer simulation. The passive suspension is, of course, the most restrictive in providing simultaneous isolation of sprung and unsprung weight; however, the active suspension is also compromised in providing both functions. The semi-active suspension does an excellent job of tracking its active counterpart.


The fall of the Soviet Union caused the transformation of a good part of the communist left in left indefinite once the institutional framework of rationality which guided the fifth generation disappeared. When we say that the Soviet State refrained from rationality to the communist left, we do so understanding the rationality as process given in the same transformations institutional recurrent and therefore, linked to materials defined contexts. We want to say in this, that the USSR forced the communist left to speak from the really existing socialism and to justify it - for better or for worse - from positive context. Could not speak for example, of a abstract pacifism and timeless when Soviet troops were fighting the Taliban in Afghanistan.


Az aorta disszektio mai kezelesi lehetosegeirol-A tipusu acut dissectio sikerrel operalt esete : [On the possibilities of aortic dissection-after a successful type-A dissection operation]


This article studies how relative performance concerns affect institutional investors' information choices in the context of a multi-security market. I show that due to relative performance concerns and learning capacity constraint, institutional investors tend to acquire the same piece of information and the same asset as their peers. I also show that the change of distribution of capacity constraint can affect the price efficiency and cost of capital, but only through its effect on investors' average capacity constraint.


Copyright MCMX by Jerome H. Remick & Co., New York & Detroit. Copyright, Canada, MCMX by Jerome H. Remick & Co. Performing rights reserved. [note]


This paper proposes an innovative design method for the cogging torque suppression of permanent magnet machines with a segmented stator core. This method is based on the design of the shape of the stator tooth tips through a quasi-binary optimization using a genetic algorithm and iterative finite element analysis. The method has been applied to an annular permanent magnet synchronous machine with a segmented stator core for a low power wind generator. The solutions achieved by the optimization have been validated through accurate finite element analysis. The optimized machine shows a reduction of the cogging torque by 94% in comparison with the basic one.


Grouping chickens based on their weights is an important process that takes place in many chicken farms in New Zealand where chickens are grouped into three categories: small, medium and large. Each category has pins (cages) to temporarily hold the chickens during the process and a permeant bigger section to hold the chickens after grouping. Chickens are weighed and placed in respective pins. Thereafter they are released to the permanent section. Currently, the chickens are counted manually when they are released from a pin to a bigger section. The task of weighing chickens, placing them in a pin and releasing them to a bigger section is repeated until all chickens are moved to their respective bigger section and the total number of chickens in each section is calculated. This manual effort is done by several employees and takes several hours. This study investigated the feasibility of using deep learning algorithms to replace the manual counting. We applied the localized fully convolutional network (LCFCN) algorithm to count and locate chickens from images of the pins. LCFCN was applied to a dataset of 4092 images containing 114132 chickens. The algorithm was evaluated using the Mean Absolute Error (MAE), Mean Absolute Percentage Error (MAPE) and Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) metrics and achieved the values of 0.5592, 1.36% and 1.67 respectively which are promising results in this setting. Furthermore, we modified the implementation of LCFCN to enable a user to manually alter the predicted labels to guarantee error free counting and localization.


No. land372 Antibody Recognition of a Conformational Epitope in a Peptide Antigen of the Tumor-Associated Variant of the Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor, EGFRvIII R.C. Landry, S. Borisova, and S.V. Evans (U. Ottawa) Beamline(s): X8C Introduction: The epidermal growth factor receptor mediates cell proliferation and differentiation. Many abnormal cells have been shown to express mutant forms of this receptor. The most common of those mutants, EGFRvIII, is characterized by a 801-bp in-frame deletion, which removes N-terminal amino acid residues 6 through 273 in the extracellular domain and produces a novel glycine residue at the junction. Synthetic peptides corresponding to this tumor-specific extracellular sequence have been used to produce monoclonal and polyclonal antibodies specific for EGFRvIII. One antibody variable fragment (Fv) in particular, called MR1, shows high affinity for both the EGFRvIII synthetic peptide and mutant cell surface receptor and does not show any detectable binding to the wild-type receptor (Lorimer et al., 1996). This antibody is important in that it has the potential to be used as therapeutic agent in cancer patients for targeting of bacterial toxins. Understanding the mechanisms of recognition of this antibody is thus an important goal. Methods and Materials: We crystallized MR1 in complex with a 12-mer synthetic EGFRvIII peptide. Crystals of the Fv-peptide complex are shown in Figure 1. Data sets were collected at room temperature (RT) at Queen's University, Kingston, Canada and at liquid nitrogen temperature (LT) at the National Synchrotron Light Source of BNL. The use of beamline X8C allowed us to collect diffraction data to high resolution and thus refine the model obtained with the RT data set. Results and Conclusions: Molecular replacement was used and the 1.8 A resolution data set was refined to an R-factor of 0.164. Interestingly, the structure shows that the most distinctive portion of the peptide antigen, the novel fusion glycine, makes no contact to the Fv and does not contribute to the epitope. The specificity of MR1 lies in the ability of this glycine residue to assume a restricted conformation, and demonstrates that a peptide antigen can be used to generate a conformational epitope. Acknowledgments: We thank Dr. Zongchao Jia at Queen's University in Kingston, Ontario, Canada for generously allowing us access to his area detector system. References: I. A. Lorimer, A. Keppler-Hafkemeyer, R. A. Beers, C. N. Peegram, D. D. Bigner and I. Pastan, "Recombinant Immunotoxins Specific for a Mutant Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor: Targeting With a Singlechain Antibody Variable Domain Isolated by Phage Display," Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 93, 14815-14820, 1996. Figure 1. Crystals of the MR1dsFv-EGFRvIII peptide complex.


India/-The contents of this book are ot a practical character, being founded on the experience of Dr. Fayrer in Indian medical practice, and they include the details of many cases peculiar to intertropical countries, together with those of many more which are common all over the world. Perhaps the most interesting matters are of a surgical character, although the collection is a miscellaneous one, and many subjects relating to medicine and pathology and therapeutics, and


The mathematical formulation for estimating phasors from phasorlets, obtained from signal segments of a fraction of a cycle, is established and the frequency responses of the phasorlet generator filters are evaluated. From the theory and the numerical simulations it is concluded that, when the signal segment involved in the phasorlet generation corresponds to a pure sinusoidal signal, this estimation technique offers the quickest measurement of its phasor, improving the speed of the well known one-cycle Fourier filter estimate. The new estimates were found very useful for detecting and locating abrupt changes in amplitude or phase between two sinusoidal states. However, before transients or impure sinusoids, the exactness and the dynamic behavior of this estimation method (which includes the one-cycle Fourier filter) will depend in great extent on the applied noise extraction technique, given the huge sensitivity to nonsinusoidal signals of the phasorlet generator filters.


Despite a lot of studies on accounting since the xixe century in France, the development of accounting skills and organization of its liberal professions is very long. After the fall of France in 1940, the Vichy Government put in train a project for developing a national accounting code. Each project will be adapting to each industry sector. The resulting national code, the PCG 1942, was published in 1943. That experience is prolonged after the war. A new national code is introduced in 1947. National economic planning and control are confirmed after the end of the reconstruction. An other PCG is introduced in 1957. The different committees and commissions who were responsible of those codes arrived to convict the business community that the PCG are necessary for them.


Effects of classwide peer tutoring (CWPT) on the academic performance of 14 mildly handicapped and 36 nondisabled students enrolled in three 10th-grade social studies classrooms were examined. Effects were analyzed using a multiple baseline design across settings with a withdrawal of treatment in two classrooms. Analysis of results indicated that the implementation of CWPT produced an average increase of 21 points on weekly tests. With CWPT 60% of all students earned "A" grades, failing grades were virtually eliminated, and no mildly handicapped students received grades below "C". Anecdotal student and teacher comments were positive. Implications for secondary, mainstreamed students and teachers were discussed.


&NA; The reproducibility of the Mecholyl test on serial testing, using the area of the systolic blood pressure curve, has been evaluated. The Mecholyl test has a range of reproducibility which may be stated fairly definitely if the interpretation of the test result is limited to the area enclosed by the blood pressure curve. The test was not reproducible on serial testing to any useful or significant degree when the conventional methods of classification of Funkenstein and Gellhorn were used. The values obtained in a series of five tests indicate a degree of reliability which is definable and well within the expected range of the reliability of physiological tests. The reliability of the test may be improved with the use of a mechanical device for measuring blood pressure. Such a device has the great advantage of convenience of operation and limitation of subjective observer errors. Using the area computation alone, a series of two tests may be shown to be for practical purposes as useful as a series of five tests. A single test, however, is probably much too likely to introduce errors that will make the test of little value in comparison with serial tests. The addition of a correction for the basal blood pressure would seem valid and may prove useful in increasing the reliability of the test as an index of individual differences in autonomic reactivity. The test as it has been described may be used conveniently and accurately to evaluate some of the suggested hypotheses concerning the relationship of the test to altered psychiatric states, treatment, and prognosis, as well as to correlate the test with other measures of autonomic function.


Purpose – Renewable generation is a main component of most hybrid generation systems. However, randomness on its generation is a characteristic to be considered due to its direct impact on reliability and performance of these systems. For this reason, renewable generation usually is accompanied with other generation elements to improve their general performance. The purpose of this paper is to analyze the power generation system, composed of solar, wind and diesel generation and power outsourcing option from the grid as means of reserve source. A multi-objective optimization for the design of hybrid generation system is proposed, particularly using the cost of energy, two different reliability indexes and the percentage of renewable energy as objectives. Further, the uncertainty of renewable sources and demand is modeled with a new technique that permits to evaluate the reliability quickly. Design/methodology/approach – The multi-state model of the generators and the load is modeled with the Universal Gen...


Recently, a number of experiments indicate the possible presence of spin liquid phases in quantum magnets with spin-1/2 and spin-1 moments sitting on triangular-lattice-based structures in Ba3CuSb2O9 and Ba3NiSb2O9 respectively. In relation to these experiments, several theoretical proposals have been made for spin liquid phases and spin-liquid-like behaviours on the stacked triangular lattice. While the crystal structures of these materials are currently under debate, it is nonetheless interesting to understand possible spin liquid phases on such frustrated lattices. In this work, we apply Schwinger boson mean-field theory and projective symmetry group (PSG) analysis to investigate spin liquid phases on the fully three-dimensional 6H-B structure, in contrast to previous works that considered two-dimensional systems. We find that a nematic Z2 spin liquid phase, where the lattice-rotational symmetry is spontaneously broken, is the most promising spin liquid phase that is consistent with spiral magnetic ordering in the classical limit. We discuss the implications of our results to future theoretical and experimental works.


Our inability to track the fate of implanted neural stem cells in living animals has been a major limitation in the field of neural transplantation. The lack of resolution in conventional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and positron emission tomography (PET) has limited our ability to sequentially follow neural stem cells after their transplantation in the brain. This issue is of increasing importance with the emergence of new techniques to develop inducible pluripotent stem cells (IPSCs) that can potentially serve as patientspecific customized cell transplants. Although this goal is not immediately available as a clinical treatment, our ability to track the fate of grafts, migration of neural transplants, and any potential adverse reaction to grafts in vivo will be critical for the eventual translation as a treatment of various neurological disorders. This is of particular importance in the case of neural transplants in young individuals and children in whom there is enormous neuronal plasticity along with concomitant normal growth and development of the brain. One potential method to track neural transplants is to load neural transplants with iron so that they can be imaged using MRI. Such an approach has many advantages as MRI technology is readily available in most parts of the world and can easily be used without the technological limitations imposed by other imaging modalities such as PET, which often require more sophisticated manpower and resources. Obenaus and colleagues describe the use of iron-loaded neural stems to successfully track neural stem cells in the brain of neonatal and young mice using MRI over an extended period of 1 year. This long period of imaging in human terms is the equivalent of nearly 3 to 4 decades. They show that iron oxide–labeled neural stem cells can be successfully tracked after implantation into the hypoxic ischemic brain to determine sites of migration, successful graft integration with the host, and graft-derived volume increase in the brain tissue. They were also able to monitor the evolution of hypoxic injury and the subsequent pathological evolution of the injury in the presence of the graft as compared to without such grafts. These studies were validated with careful histology and immunocytochemistry at various time points. Several points that were unanswered from previous work with iron oxide labeling studies and that are relevant to clinical translation are successfully answered in this work. First, Obenaus and colleagues used a 4.7Tesla magnet for these imaging studies in the young mice, which if needed in human studies is increasingly becoming available, at least in many academic institutions. Second, they were able to image cells without causing any obvious biological alterations to the neural grafts, a concern that had been raised with respect to the toxicity of iron oxide labeling and repeated imaging. Third, this study further confirmed the notion which had been developed from a number of previous neonatal xenograft studies that neural xenotransplants performed in the first few weeks of life do not appear to need immunosuppression. This is in sharp contrast to a large number of preclinical and clinical studies of allografts and xenografts in adults that clearly show the need for systemic immunosuppression for successful engraftment in the brain (for example, see Olanow and colleagues). Fourth, unlike iron labeling studies in adult brain transplants, in which labeling appears to be lost fairly rapidly, the neonatal transplant paradigm used in this work shows that iron oxide labeling is stable and can be used for a prolonged time to follow these xenografts in the brain. Finally, this work also confirms findings in previous reports that neural stem cell transplants suppress the host immune response in the neonate thus rendering stem cell transplants particularly attractive in neonatal brain injury, which has devastating consequences of long-term disability and morbidity in the current clinical setting. This study also raises a number of new questions that need to be resolved prior to clinical translation. Can these studies be replicated in nonhuman primates or other species with larger repertoires of brain function? Can stereological studies be used to quantitate the number of cells that survive these transplants at various time points and correlate it to serial imaging studies using similar stereological principles? Do xenografted cells that remain undifferentiated ( 50%) pose any risk of dedifferentiation or malignant transformation if the host environment is altered in adulthood? Are xenografts into neonatal brain vulnerable to host-mediated rejection in adulthood when exposed to


The past few years have seen important advances in remote sensing imagery. The new sensors have improved resolutions in all dimensions, spatial resolution with reduced pixel sizes, temporal resolution with shorter revisit times and spectral resolution with increased number of spectral bands. With these new specifications, new challenges have appeared. The huge amount of remote sensing data raises new computational issues [1] and asks for faster processing approaches. New applications are accessible or can achieve new results like change detection, natural disaster monitoring, urban and landscape planning, biomass measurement. Theses advances are especially true for Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) sensors , with metric resolution available for civil satellite data, new spectral bands (L band with ALOS, X band for TerraSAR-X and COSMO-SkyMed), new interferometric potential thanks to TanDEM-X [2], reduced revisit time with constellations like COSMO-SkyMed. In spite of these improvements, SAR images remain difficult to interpret. New difficulties arose with the increase of spatial resolution: previously unnoticeable targets are now visible, bright scat-terers are more numerous. Beyond speckle noise intrinsic to coherent imagery, geometric distortions due to distance sampling limit our visual understanding of such images, and direct interpretation of an urban area imaged by a SAR sensor is still reserved to expert photo-interpreters. Together with progress made with recent sensors, new powerful image processing methods have emerged in the recent years. Among the major advances made last decade by the image processing and computer vision communities, we have chosen to emphasize three of them for their long-term potential and applicative interest for SAR imaging. The first family of advances in signal and image processing is related to the progress in statistical modeling of multiplica-tive noise, which is particularly important to deal with SAR imagery. Therefore, the first point we would like to mention is the Mellin framework proposed in [3] to deal with positive random variables and their multiplication. The second family of methods is based on the idea of " patches ". Patches are small image parts (typically 5 3 5 or 7 3 7 pixels). They capture fine scale information such as texture, bright dots or edges. Given their very local extent, they are highly redundant, i.e., many similar patches can be found in an image. These similar patches can then be combined to reduce noise [4]. But patch similarity can also be applied to stereovision or change detection. The third family are the " graph-cut …


The synthesis, characterization and biological activity of new complexes of Cu 2+ , Mn 2+ , Co 2+ , Zn 2+ and Ni 2+ ions with derivatives ligand from N-hydroxy methyl saccharin and 8-hydroxy quinoline were described and studied. The new prepared complexes (ligands) were characterized by elemental analysis, molar conductance, IR, H 1 -NMR and C 13 -NMR spectroscopy studies. Coordination of the ligand atom to the metal ions was deduced by IR. All the complexes have been screened for antibacterial and antifungal.


Conidial fungi are fungi which reproduce through spores. The spores (conidia) germinate to produce a vegetative stage on which are produced the spores or conidia completing the cycle. The purpose of the article is to synthesize relevant information from the scientific literature on all aspects of fungal biology which will be a basis for logical prevention and eradication methods and an understanding of the effects of fungal growth on artifact materials. Previous conservation treatment information deals with the vegetative stage of fungi only. The scientific literature on conidia activation and germination suggests that some of our present conservation treatments may actually be enhancing the potential for future fungal activity. General preventive and control methods are offered to assist the reader in designing their own fungi control program. -- AATA


Discuss the developing country dilema in choosing exchange rate regime,and analyse the cost and profit when a country decide to give up it's own currency,compare the currency board and total currency substitution,also indicate which type of country are more suitable for dollarization.


OBJECTIVE. We explored whether repeated dose of antenatal betamethasone and variation in intrauterine growth of prematurely born children predict temperament characteristics at the age of 2 years. PATIENTS AND METHODS. The patients (n = 142) were prematurely born children (mean gestational age: 31.0 weeks; range: 24.6–35.0 weeks) who participated in a randomized and blinded trial testing the effects of a repeated dose of antenatal betamethasone in imminent preterm birth. Fetal growth was estimated as weight, length, and head circumference in SDs according to Finnish growth charts. Parents assessed their toddlers' temperament with 201 items of the Early Childhood Temperament Questionnaire (mean child corrected age: 2.1 years). RESULTS. No significant main effects of repeated betamethasone on toddler temperament existed. However, a significant interaction between study group and duration of exposure to betamethasone emerged; those exposed to a repeated dose for >24 hours before delivery were more impulsive. One-SD increases in weight, length, and head circumference at birth were associated with 0.14- to 0.19-SD lower levels of negative affectivity (fearfulness, anger proneness, and sadness); 1-SD increases in length, weight, and head circumference at birth were associated with 0.14- to 0.18-SD higher levels of effortful control (self-regulation). CONCLUSIONS. Repeated antenatal betamethasone did not induce alterations in toddler temperament. The results, however, suggest that a longer duration of exposure is associated with higher impulsivity scores. Regardless of betamethasone exposure, slower fetal growth exerted influences on temperament. Our findings indicate prenatal programming of psychological development and imply that more attention is needed to support the development of infants born at the lower end of the fetal growth distribution.


Symbolic regression is a nonlinear regression method which is commonly performed by an evolutionary computation method such as genetic programming. Quantification of uncertainty of regression models is important for the interpretation of models and for decision making. The linear approximation and so-called likelihood profiles are well-known possibilities for the calculation of confidence and prediction intervals for nonlinear regression models. These simple and effective techniques have been completely ignored so far in the genetic programming literature. In this work we describe the calculation of likelihood profiles in details and also provide some illustrative examples with models created with three different symbolic regression algorithms on two different datasets. The examples highlight the importance of the likelihood profiles to understand the limitations of symbolic regression models and to help the user taking an informed post-prediction decision.


Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to propose a distributed protocol to build a logical coordinate system based on the hop counts of each node to four selected landmarks, and the real location information is not needed.Design/methodology/approach – The designed protocol uses the sink node as one of the landmarks and then selects three other sensor nodes near the corners of the sensor network as landmarks.Findings – The simulation results show that the proposed protocol has the superior performance in packet delivery ratio, average hop counts among nodes, and communication overhead to previous works.Originality/value – This paper presents a distributed protocol to build a logical coordinate system based on hop counts to landmarks.


The physical characteristics of the massive spectrum signals carrying the communication information and the statistical laws of these characteristics also potentially reflect the communication behavior of the communication individuals and the intelligence information related to the communication behavior. Intercepting and cracking signal content usually faces enormous difficulties and costs, and more often, we are not able to crack the encrypted signal content. However, by studying the physical features extracted from the spectrum monitoring signals and the statistical laws of these features, it is also possible to dig out the hidden relationships between communication individuals and even the communication network structure, so as to analyze the communication behaviors of the communication individuals. Based on the characteristics of carrier frequency, bandwidth, power, signal monitoring time and direction information of spectrum monitoring signals, this paper identifies each spectrum signal and studies the distribution characteristics and statistical laws of massive spectrum monitoring signals in the column coordinate system. Due to the clustering of the spectrum signals generated by the sources in the power, monitoring time and direction, and the correlation of the spectrum signals generated by the two parties in the communication process, based on the improved density clustering algorithm, this paper proposes a method for mining the communication relationship between communication individuals from the spectrum monitoring data, and guesses and constructs the communication network structure by matching the communication individual with the communication relationship. Finally, we analyze the communication network structure mined from the spectrum monitoring data.


Electric probes can be advantageously applied to the study of nonequilibrium induced in thermal plasmas by the presence of cold boundaries, since the interpretation of experimental data does not require any assumption about the thermodynamic state of the plasma. An experimental setup and procedure are described which allow accurate measurements of the electron temperature profiles in the near‐wall region of wall stabilized, atmospheric pressure, argon dc arcs. An extension of the classical double floating probe theory was developed to include asymmetries in collecting areas and nonuniformities in the plasma. Excellent agreement between the measured probe characteristics and the analytical relationship was obtained.


This paper tests,analysis of the use of K24 YW1 cutting tool,the cutting of the cutting temperature.The greatest impact on the cutting temperature is cutting speed,but with the cutting speed increases the amount of the increase in cutting temperature is decreased.This is because in the cutting process,the speed increase makes the vice flank wear increased,the depth of cut decreases,reducing the cutting force,cutting temperature with the relative reduction.Cutting the impact of cutting temperature,followed by feed rate,cutting depth is minimal impact.Through the experiment of cutting and cutting temperature of empirical formula,formula for the merger of these three available cutting temperature on cutting the overall empirical formula.


With the rapid growth of the cyber attacks, cyber threat intelligence (CTI) sharing becomes essential for providing advance threat notice and enabling timely response to cyber attacks. Our goal in this paper is to develop an approach to extract low-level cyber threat actions from publicly available CTI sources in an automated manner to enable timely defense decision making. Specifically, we innovatively and successfully used the metrics of entropy and mutual information from Information Theory to analyze the text in the cybersecurity domain. Combined with some basic NLP techniques, our framework, called ActionMiner has achieved higher precision and recall than the state-of-the-art Stanford typed dependency parser, which usually works well in general English but not cybersecurity texts.


This article reports the performance improvement of a broadband photodetector using penetrating ZnO nanorods arrays (NRAs)-based electron transport layer (ETL) into a nanocomposite active layer of poly-[ ${N}-9''$ -heptadecanyl-2.7-carbazole-alt-5.5-(4',7'-di-2-thienyl-2',1',3 -benzothiadiazole)] (PCDTBT), [6, 6]-phenyl C61 butyric acid methyl ester (PCBM), and PbS quantum dots (QDs) grown on an fluorine-doped tin oxide (FTO)-coated glass substrate. A thin layer of MoOx on the active layer was used as the hole transport layer (HTL) of the proposed photodetector. The device showed a high responsivity of ~213.77, ~28.57, and ~7.22 A/W at three selected wavelengths in ultraviolet (380 nm), visible (550 nm), and near-infrared (860 nm) regions, respectively. High external quantum efficiency (EQE) of more than 1000% was measured for each selected wavelength at low −1.5 V external bias. The superior EQE in the proposed device was attributed to both the surface trap-induced carrier injection into the ZnO NRA and ultrafast exciton dissociation existing in the PCDTBT:PCBM system.


A methodology is proposed and demonstrated for the modeling of the semiconductor substrate on on-chip power grid switching. A comprehensive electromagnetic model for the power grid, founded on the finite-difference approximation of Maxwell's curl equations, is combined with properly constructed, frequency-dependent equivalent surface impedance models for the doped semiconductor substrate to capture the impact of substrate loss on the grid response during switching. Numerical studies are utilized to illustrate the capabilities of the developed on-chip power grid solver.


A new nano-biomachine has been created from microtubules (MTs) and hetero-bifunctional polymer particles bearing pyruvate kinase, which is propelled on glass surfaces coated with kinesin by use of self-supplying ATP.


We highly appreciate the opportunity to provide a few remarks and comments on the letter titled "Conclusions should be supported by the data presented" given by well-recognised experts on functional neurosurgery Dr. Zrinzo and Dr. Hariz.


Purpose: Traditional anterior colporrhaphy repair can have a high recurrence rate. Therefore, the use of synthetic mesh to reinforce the anterior vaginal wall support has been proposed to prevent recurrence. The objective of our study was to compare the anatomic recurrence rates in patients that underwent the traditional anterior colporrhaphy with patients who add a monofilament polypropylene mesh repair (Gynemesh PS). Materials and Methods: We reviewed the charts of patients who underwent transvaginal cystocele repair between January 2003 and June 2006. All patients had a physical examination and staging of the prolapse; the International Continence Society (ICS) system was used for the staging. Mid urethral sling operations were performed when stress incontinences was an associated feature. An anatomic recurrence was defined as an ICS stage 2 or greater anterior prolapse on the last recorded physical examination. The subjective patient satisfaction was also recorded. Results: Seventy-one patients were available for study with a mean followup of 18.4 months. Thirty-eight patients underwent traditional anterior colporrhaphy, while 33 patients underwent cystocele repair using the monofilament polypropylene mesh (Gynemesh PS). Among the 71 patients, 9 (12.7%) had recurrence of the cystocele. Based on the type of repair, 21.1% (8/38) of the patients with traditional repair had a recurrence compared to 3.0% (1/33) of the patients with the polypropylene mesh repair (p=0.03). With regard to satisfaction, 76.3% (29/38) of the patients with anterior colporrhaphy and 97.0% (32/33) with the mesh repair were satisfied with the outcome of the surgery (p=0.02). One patient had erosion of the mesh, at the midline, in front of the vaginal scar, at 12 months after the procedure. Conclusions: Our results suggest that the monofilament polypropylene mesh (Gynemesh PS) repairs improved the outcomes of anterior colporrhaphy with regard to the prevention of recurrent cystoceles. (Korean J Urol 2008;49:616-621) 󰠏󰠏󰠏󰠏󰠏󰠏󰠏󰠏󰠏󰠏󰠏󰠏󰠏󰠏󰠏󰠏󰠏󰠏󰠏󰠏


The authors believe that the transition to Industry 4.0 will have a strong impact on the level of urbanization in Russia. The level of urbanization is influenced by many factors, which include the level of economic development of the country, migration of the population, natural and climatic conditions. The highest level of urbanization is typical for industrialized regions. This suggests that it is necessary to develop industry and move to Industry 4.0. The purpose of this chapter is to show the relationship between urbanization and Industry 4.0, as well as to increase the level of knowledge about digital production, the internet of things, the Industry 4.0, and urbanization. The chapter explains the role of Industry 4.0 in the current changing environment. The chapter deals with the most important problems and opportunities of the fourth industrial revolution.


Disturbances in the diameter regulation of the larger retinal vessels are involved in the pathophysiology of a number of vision threatening retinal diseases, but the role of the smaller vessels has received less attention. Therefore, an experimental model was developed for studying diameter changes in retinal vessels at all branching levels secondary to pharmacological interventions ex vivo.


A QUALITATIVE PROCESS EVALUATION OF THE TOOLS FOR LIFE PROGRAM Sarah Ranby Advisory Committee University of Guelph, 2019 Dr. Clare MacMartin Dr. John Dwyer This research project involved a process evaluation of the social-emotional teaching and learning program, Tools for Life, which had been adopted in elementary schools in a Catholic school board in southwestern Ontario, Canada to support primary prevention under the board's mental health strategic framework. The project investigated educators' perceptions of, and experiences with, program implementation. Twenty-eight educators who taught Kindergarten and Grades 1 to 3 took part in semi-structured interviews that were audio-recorded, transcribed, and analyzed using thematic analysis. Resulting themes included: factors affecting implementation (i.e., facilitators of, and barriers to, optimal implementation of Tools for Life); modifications that participants made to program resources and delivery and the reasons for such adaptations; and suggestions about how to support the sustainability and effective use of the Tools for Life program. Recommendations for school personnel and Tools for Life program developers, as well as directions for future research, are discussed.


In order to study the effect of external field treatment on mechanical properties, cutting performance, microstructure of cemented carbide, the cemented carbide samples were treated by different magnetic field frequency (f=0.3 Hz, 0.4 Hz, 0.5 Hz) processing methods using self-made electromagnetic compound treatment device. On the basis of the study of this method, the electromagnetic compound treatment method was proposed to couple pulsed magnetic field and pulsed current. The results show that after the treatment of magnetic field frequency, the hardness of the sample slightly higher than that untreated sample, the increase value of percent between 0.5% and 1.3%, the value of hardness was 1594.72 HV, 1587.76 HV, 1582.45 HV, the longer the magnetization time, the higher the hardness; the cutting performance was increased, which means the tool life was increased, the increase value of percent from 4.5% to 7.0%. After electromagnetic compound treatment, the increase value of percent was 1.7% and 2.3%, the value of hardness was 1601.6 HV, 1609.82 HV; the tool life was increased 7.5% and 8.4%. After external field treatment, the angular state of wolfram carbide (WC) particle was transformed into smooth state and was more evenly distributed.


Cloud computing is an important mechanism for utilizing computing services. So most of the applications are developed in cloud computing environment. As there are number of applications they have different quality of service (QoS) requirements. Due to the data corruption in data nodes, numbers of applications are unable to reach their successful outcomes. To support such type of applications continuously we are performing data replication on the basis of QoS requirements of the corresponding application. For performing such type of data replication we are developing an algorithm using some concepts of HQFR [High QoS First Replication] algorithm. Along with the QoS requirement our main goal is to minimize data replication cost. So we are developing another algorithm which is inspired from MCMF [Minimum Cost Maximum Flow] algorithm. At the end we will propose an efficient scheme for data replication on the basis of QoS requirement.


Objective To analyzes the clinical effect of three dimensional conformal radiotherapy( 3D-CRT) combined with concurrent chemotherapy for esophageal cancer.Methods From January2010 to January 2012,62 cases of esophageal cancer patients were choosed randomly,and divided into two groups,the observation group( n = 32) were treated with three dimensional conformal radiotherapy( 3D-CRT) with concurrent chemoradiotherapy treatment; the control group( n = 30) were treated with radiotherapy alone scheme.The recent curative effects,the survival rate and adverse reaction of two groups patients were observed.Results In the observation group,curative effect was 81.2%,higher than that of the control group 63.3%,two groups had significant difference( P 0.05),The observation group,the control group survival rates were 62.5% and 56.7% in 8 mo later,two groups is not statistically significant( P 0.05),16 mo later the survival rates were 46.9% and 30.0%,there were significant differences between the two groups( P 0.05); adverse reaction toradiation esophagitis,nausea vomiting,decreased white blood cells,and the observation group was higher than control group.Conclusion 3D-CRT combined with concurrent chemotherapy for esophageal cancer to improve the efficacy and survival rate of adverse reactions,althoughincreased,but patients can be tolerated.


This paper presents an unsupervised approach for keyword extraction from a document. Summarizing a research paper is not an easy task, it is time-consuming. For making summarization of documents much easier keywords are used. Keyword helps in summarizing a large amount of textual data. Keyword extraction is a process in which a set of words are selected that gives the context of the whole document. Here, we are proposing a graph-based model approach for extracting keywords from a research paper. The proposing method is a combination of Rapid Automatic Keyword Extraction (RAKE) algorithm and Keyword Extraction using Collective Node Weight (KECNW), in which candidate keywords are extracted using RAKE algorithm and selection of keywords using KECNW model. The final output of this methods are keywords extracted from a document with their rank.


THE TRANSFIGURATION OF JESUS on Mount Tabor is one of the absolutely central events in the Scriptural revelation of Christ. In our Orthodox tradition, the Transfiguration is celebrated liturgically as one of the twelve great feasts of the liturgical year, contemplated theologically by many of the greatest Fathers of the Church as a foundation of Orthodox mystagogical theology, and concentrated upon ascetically by the great Neptic Fathers of the Philokalia as the paradigm and goal of Orthodox spiritual practice: theosis or divinization. Thus the place of the Transfiguration in the Orthodox Church, its universal, integral and definitive meaning in the traditional Orthodox ethos (distinctive character, spirit, attitude, imagination and piety) and phronema (mindset, worldview, cognitive paradigm) and praxis (method of spiritual realization), simply cannot be overestimated.


Any alterations in the air will only have an impact on health. Recently, the pollutants such as PM2.5, PM10, NO, NO2, NOx, NH3, CO, SO2, O3, Benzene, Toluene, and Xylene are present in the air. These pollutants exist in the air have a negative impact on human health. Early pollution detection methods help to determine which gas combinations are unsafe for individuals in order to identify the air pollutant factors. To determine the correlation factor, this study employs many correlation variables on various air pollution attribute combinations. These significant correlation variables employ prediction methods such as multiple regression, logistic regression, and SVM algorithms.


The unproven claim of "inducing" pluripotent stem (iPS) cells has even been written into a patent application by Yamanaka et al. However, once the hypes surrounding the iPS cells are removed, it will be shown that the so-called iPS cells made so far are just some man-made cancer cells. Future efforts of making cancer-free iPS cells may need to rely on some chemicals that activate the pre-existing stem cells and/or progenitors. If that is the case, then some prior arts developed by a Chinese physician will be real road blockers for others to patent their therapeutic iPS cells because Rong-Xiang Xu has already obtained some patents on using chemical compositions for in situ activation of regenerative stem cells and has shown some clinical evidences of in vivo cloning of tissues/organs.


I welcome you to this second issue for the year 2011 comprising very interesting articles to read. We are proud to inform about the inclusion of our journal in SCImago Journal Ranking [SJR] recently. SJR is one of the two major journal rating systems that exist in the world: the Journal of Citation reports by ISI-Thomson and the SCImago indexes issued by Elsevier. The SCImago Journal and Country Rank portal is developed by SCImago Research Group working at three Spanish universities (Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas (CSIC), University of Granada, Extremadura, Carlos III (Madrid) and Alcala de Henares). It is named after the SCImago Journal Rank Indicator (SJR) developed by the group.Read more...,


This article examines discrimination against black and Muslim minority groups in 20 Western labor markets. We analyze the outcomes of 94 field experiments, conducted between 1973 and 2016 and representing ∼240,000 fictitious job applications. Using meta-analysis, we find that black minority groups are more strongly discriminated against than non-black minority groups. The degree of discrimination of black minority groups varies cross-nationally, whereas Muslim minority groups are equally discriminated across national contexts. Unexpectedly, discrimination against black minority groups in the United States is mostly lower than in European countries. These findings suggest that racial–ethnic discrimination in hiring can be better understood by taking a multigroup and cross-country perspective.


Abstract : Methods are presented for the radiochemical analysis of precipitation, air-filter and impactor-filter samples for (1) fission products (Sr89, Sr90, Zr95, Ba140, Ce141, and Ce144), (2) induced radioactivities (Mn54, Ag110, W181, and W185), (3) high-altitude tracers (Rh102 and Cd109), (4) cosmic-ray spallation products (Be7, Na22, P32, P33, and S35), and (5) natural radioactivity (Pb210).


There has always been some difficulty involved with putting up a building like the National Arts Centre (re-christened "Fort Culture" a few years back by some university students) and then looking for a theatre to put inside of it. Hamilton Southam and the English-language theatre department have not been able to put the cart behind the horse at the NAC and, as a result, no consequential theatre programme has been developed there. Now that Southam's reign as Director-General is drawing to a close (he is being replaced in April, 1977 by Donald MacSween — currently Director-General of the National Theatre School), it is an appropriate time to reflect on the activities and problems that the theatre has experienced under Southam's administration.


A dual mode algorithm (DMA) employs a blind acquisition algorithm, e.g., the Godard algorithm, during the startup mode and switches to a tracking algorithm, e.g., the decision directed algorithm, when the errors have been sufficiently suppressed. Six types of soft transition DMAs in the literature, e.g., the stop-and-go algorithm, are first briefly reviewed. Subsequently, a new class of DMA (nDMA) that uses a symbol error rate (SER) driven combination parameter is presented. Since the transition is smooth and optimal in the SER sense, the nDMA achieves the fastest convergence in addition to the lowest steady state error simultaneously (verified by simulations) without compromising computational complexity.


A 78-year-old right-handed woman with a history of atrial fibrillation, prior transient ischemic attacks, and cerebrovascular disease developed expressive aphasia. She immediately began writing a note to a companion. Her first 2 attempts (Figure, A and B) demonstrated expressive aphasia …


Among diagnostic biomarkers, high frequency oscillations in human iEEG are used to identify epileptogenic brain tissue during epilepsy surgery. However, current methods typically analyse the raw data offline using complex time-consuming algorithms. We developed a compact neuromorphic sensory-processing system-on-chip that can monitor the iEEG signals and detect high frequency oscillations in real-time using spiking neural networks. To this end, we present an integrated device with an analog front-end that can extract predefined spectral features and encode them as address-events, and a neuromorphic processor core that implements a network of integrate and fire neurons with dynamic synapses. The device was fabricated using a standard $0.18\mu\mathrm{m}$ CMOS technology node. The estimated power consumption of the front-end is $6.2\mu\mathrm{W}$/channel and the area-on-chip for a single channel is 0.15 square millimetres. The SNN classifier provides 90.5% sensitivity and 67.7% specificity for detecting high frequency oscillations. This is the first feasibility study towards identifying relevant features in intracranial human data in real-time on-chip using event-base processors.


The present invention provides a combination of a remote control unit and a wireless remote control toy. It includes a handheld remote control unit configured to emit a fixed frequency (tone) signal of the radio signal transmitter, and the transmitter selectively operating the manual switches to transmit a wireless signal tone. Electrical toy having suitable wireless signal receiver and a tone signal in response to one or more control circuits to control operation of the electrical device, the one or more electrically operated devices capable of providing at least two distinctly different toy observer activation response. The control circuit in response to receiving the order and tone signal is lost, there is provided a toy two or more different predetermined response after completion of the repeated response sequence.


Using the self-consistent linear muffin-tin orbitals and the atomic sphere approximation method, the band structure calculations for PrBa2Cu3O7 and YBa2Cu3O7 are performed in the regime of the local spin density approximation with the on-site Coulomb interaction (LSDA+U). The strong electron-electron correlation effects are considered for both the Pr 4f and Cu 3d states. Comparing with the LSDA calculations, the LSDA+U calculations show that, while the essential feature of energy band of YBa2Cu3O7 is preserved, the electronic structure of PrBa2Cu3O7 is quite different. For the bands arisen from the CuO2 planes, a gap with a value of 0.5 eV is opened, indicating the insulating or semiconducting character of the CuO2 planes. The pdσ bands associated with the CuO chains are across the Fermi level, revealing the metallic character of the CuO chains.


Quantitative shearography applications continue to gain practical importance. However, a study of the errors inherent in shearography measurements, related to calibration of the instrument and correction of the results, is most often lacking. This paper proposes a calibration and correction procedure for the out-of-plane shearography with a Michelson interferometer. The calibration is based on the shearography measurement of known rigid-body rotations of a flat plate and accounts for the local variability of the shearing distance. The correction procedure further compensates for the variability of the sensitivity vector and separates the two out-of-plane deformation gradients when they are coupled in the measurement. The correction procedure utilizes two shearography measurements of the same experiment with distinct shearing distances. The effectiveness of the proposed calibration procedure is demonstrated in the case of a static deformation of a centrally loaded plate, where the discrepancy between experimental and finite element analysis results is minimized.


The grounding system includes anti-static grounding anti-thunderbolt grounding earth shield instrument grounding electric device grounding and operating grounding in natural gas station, hat involves a lot of majors, that criterion of every major is different. Basing on introduction of some types of grounding systems, we create an integrated optimized grounding method.


Infrared emission has been observed from CH/sub 3/F collisionally excited by hot hydrogen atoms produced in the photolysis of H/sub 2/S at 193 nm. The time-dependent emission at 2.5 (..nu../sub 1/+..nu../sub 3/, ..nu../sub 4/+..nu../sub 3/), 3.3 (..nu../sub 1/, ..nu../sub 4/), and 9.6 ..mu..m (..nu../sub 3/) has been analyzed, and both T-V and V--V energy exchange processes are observed. Relative populations of molecules excited into the ..nu../sub 3/ and ..nu../sub 1/, ..nu../sub 4/ modes were determined; the population in the C--H stretching modes (..nu../sub 1/, ..nu../sub 4/) is much lower than predicted by simple impulsive models of the collision process.


Expository writing can pose seemingly insurmountable challenges to students with language processing problems. However, word-level difficulties need not prevent these students from becoming successful writers. This article outlines a cognitive writing strategy that enables students with learning disabilities such as dyslexia to employ their higher-level cognitive abilities in developing exceptional writing skills.


ABSTRACT Health care has become one of the most important industries in the world, employing 13.4 million people, generating 3.2 million new jobs, and employing professionals from 10 of the 20 fastest growing occupations. Health care is also becoming more expensive and so there is a critical need to increase the efficiency of the health care delivery process. In this article, we look at the patient discharge process at a hospital in Amman, Jordan, with the objective of minimizing the discharge time without significantly increasing costs. This was done by building a simulation model of the discharge process and then optimizing it with a designed experiment and response surface model. This resulted in a 57% improvement in patients being discharged in less time than the goal of 50 minutes.