We have previously reported that the Parkinson's diseaseassociated kinase PINK1 (PTEN-induced putative kinase 1) is activated by mitochondrial depolarization and stimulates the Parkin E3 ligase by phosphorylating Ser within its Ubl (ubiquitin-like) domain. Using phosphoproteomic analysis, we identified a novel ubiquitin phosphopeptide phosphorylated at Ser that was enriched 14-fold in HEK (human embryonic kidney)-293 cells overexpressing wild-type PINK1 stimulated with the mitochondrial uncoupling agent CCCP (carbonyl cyanide m-chlorophenylhydrazone), to activate PINK1, compared with cells expressing kinase-inactive PINK1. Ser in ubiquitin lies in a similar motif to Ser in the Ubl domain of Parkin. Remarkably, PINK1 directly phosphorylates Ser of ubiquitin in vitro. We undertook a series of experiments that provide striking evidence that Ser-phosphorylated ubiquitin (ubiquitinPhospho−Ser65) functions as a critical activator of Parkin. First, we demonstrate that a fragment of Parkin lacking the Ubl domain encompassing Ser ( Ubl-Parkin) is robustly activated by ubiquitinPhospho−Ser65, but not by non-phosphorylated ubiquitin. Secondly, we find that the isolated Parkin Ubl domain phosphorylated at Ser (UblPhospho−Ser65) can also activate UblParkin similarly to ubiquitinPhospho−Ser65. Thirdly, we establish that ubiquitinPhospho−Ser65, but not non-phosphorylated ubiquitin or UblPhospho−Ser65, activates full-length wild-type Parkin as well as the non-phosphorylatable S65A Parkin mutant. Fourthly, we provide evidence that optimal activation of full-length Parkin E3 ligase is dependent on PINK1-mediated phosphorylation of both Parkin at Ser and ubiquitin at Ser, since only mutation of both proteins at Ser completely abolishes Parkin activation. In conclusion, the findings of the present study reveal that PINK1 controls Parkin E3 ligase activity not only by phosphorylating Parkin at Ser, but also by phosphorylating ubiquitin at Ser. We propose that phosphorylation of Parkin at Ser serves to prime the E3 ligase enzyme for activation by ubiquitinPhospho−Ser65, suggesting that small molecules that mimic ubiquitinPhospho−Ser65 could hold promise as novel therapies for Parkinson's disease.


The Fock space of a system of indistinguishable particles is isomorphic (in a nonunique way) to the state space of a composite, i.e., many modes, quantum system. One can then discuss quantum entanglement for fermionic as well as bosonic systems. We exemplify the use of this notion-central in quantum information-by studying some, e.g., Hubbard, lattice fermionic models relevant to condensed matter physics.


Historians have disagreed with regard to the major question of the extent of the influence of the electorate over parliament in the period after the reform legislation of 1832. Some have regarded it as considerable, while others have pointed to the continuance of the apparatus of control from above in local politics and have insisted that Members of Parliament in the mid-nineteenth century were virtually independent of the wishes of their constituents. Doubtless the truth lies somewhere between, but it would be interesting to know just where it lies: how far the political attitudes of Members of Parliament followed the presumed wishes of their cons-ituents and, if there was such a relationship, what was the nature of the mechanism that produced it. In this paper an attempt was made to show how it might be possible to make some headway with this problem even with the limited data that we have for British politics a century and a quarter ago. We don't know in any detail the wishes of constituents but it may be allowable, for purposes of argument, to hypothesize these from the demographic features of constituencies, their type, location, and size. We have much more information about the attitudes of Members of Parliament but, in a twenty-minute report, no attempt could be made to describe these in detail and it seemed better to set up as the dependent variable merely a two-way party division, the Conservatives as opposed to the miscellaneous group of entities that may loosely be described as the "Liberals." It turned out that there was a considerable correlation between constituency and party: in Ireland the north and south tended respectively to the right or to the left; in England, Wales, and Scotland, on the other hand, the main difference was between counties and boroughs. Among the borough members, those representing the smaller boroughs tended to the right, those representing the larger ones to the left. There was, in England, Wales, and Scotland, a strongly marked tendency for rural constituencies to send Conservatives to parliament and for urban constituencies to send Liberals. It is less clear what mechanism produced this pattern. It is hard, now, to ascertain the ways constituents had of exerting pressures on their representatives, but something


The Shuttle Radar Topography Mission (SRTM) delivered a digital terrain model of better spatial resolution and accuracy than traditional free global DEM datasets at near-global coverage and made a wide range of detailed hydrologic applications feasible. In this study, the SRTM data is compared with the digitalized topographic contour DEM in hydrological analysis over the QingJiang catchment in HuBei province of China and a void patching method of SRTM for hydrological research is proposed. Drainage networks and catchment boundaries are generated with TOPAZ from both DEM datasets. The result shows that the voids in the raw SRTM dataset should be a big problem to hydrological analysis and the voids need to be treated carefully. The proposed void patching method can avoid the overestimation elevation values in drainage networks and make SRTM data more suitable to hydrological analysis.


This paper studies the aggregate and distributional implications of college subsidies by explicitly considering college majors in general equilibrium. First, I empirically document that majors chosen by poorer students exhibit flatter earnings-age profile and lower earnings risk. I then build a heterogeneous agent life-cycle model calibrated to the U.S. economy. My calibration suggests that majors currently chosen by poorer students also have lower non-pecuniary values. Quantitatively, lower earnings risk drives poorer students' major choice. Expansion in college subsidies is not sufficient to induce poorer students to switch into the majors originally taken by the rich. College subsidies conditional on majors currently chosen by the poor generate higher average welfare gains than both unconditional or conditional subsidies on majors currently chosen by the rich. This is due to (i) the importance of low earnings risk for poorer students under incomplete markets, and (ii) general equilibrium effect of lower tax rate.


As the development of the industrial revolution takes place, disruptions are happening constantly in almost every major sector of the current industries. Companies and organizations complained about the competencies of the graduates entering the work force. This matter questions the readiness of the education system in preparing the students for the real world. Problems in education such as the regulations, strict policies and instructions from the government are undermining the role of the teachers to do what they think best for their students. This standardization has harmed the motivation and enthusiasm to learn, especially in English language class. Lack of motivation and English Language competency could harm students' opportunity in accessing the vast global network of knowledge. Merdeka Belajar and SOLE are the promising alternatives in improving ELT. This article is somewhat a position paper trying to clear one side of a debatable opinion about a hot issue. It aims to persuade the reader that our opinion is valid and defensible. In doing so, we then separate the discussion into several parts regarding the analysis of concepts of Merdeka Belajar and SOLE (Self-Organized Learning Environment) related to ELT and motivation in language learning, as well as innovation in education.


One disadvantage of field-oriented control is the need for a mechanical sensor to detect the rotor speed. Omitting this speed (or position) sensor allows for a more robust drive and saves costs. On the other hand, the control structure then has to obtain the space phasor of the rotor flux from the measured electrical quantities of the terminal voltage and current. This is usually done by a voltage flux model. Especially in the range of low stator frequency, the performance of this model deteriorates due to wrong parameters and measurement errors. Taking the rotor equation into account and using the magnitude of the rotor flux as a stabilising feedback leads to a simple control structure. In this paper, a simplified method of this feedback structure is proposed and its advantages and limits are investigated.


In Turkey, organic farming activities are conducted under the auspices of Department of Good Agriculture Practices and Organic Farming of the General Directorate of Plant Production of the Ministry of Food Agriculture and Livestock. There are Organic Farming Committee and Organic Farming National Guidance Committee. Besides, there are Organic Farming Units in 81 Provincial Directorates. The Ministry has assigned its control and certification authority for organic farming to private bodies. Training, publication and project activities are pursued for the improvement and extension of organic farming. Within this framework, Organic Farming National Action Plan was prepared and activities have been carried out accordingly. In Turkey organic plant production and organic animal breeding are also supported.
Every passing day, because of the increasing environmental awareness and accession for secure food and with the intention of delivering a viable world to the future generations, environmental agricultural methods have been introduced Below mentioned activities have been implemented by the Ministry of Food Agriculture and Livestock for the extension of organic farming which is foremost among aforementioned methods.


Training for little dentist turns into one of promotion efforts to empower the cadre. Meanwhile, the communication skills is expected to promote the importance of dental and oral health to others. This study aims to analyze the relationship between little dentist's training towards their communication skills. The cross sectional research was done to the participant of little dentist's training at Bina Sehat hospital, involved 82 children selected by purposive sampling. The variables were training and communication skills of little dentist cadre. Data were collected using checklist and questionnaire, then analyzed by Gamma correlation test. The most of repondents (86.59%) got high score dealing with the training. There was 42.68% respondents'score categorized as good, 54.88% as sufficient. The p-value of Gamma correlation was 0.000 (there was relationship between little dentists cadre's training and their communication skills


The 4th Regional Technical Committee Meeting on the UNFPA-supported Asian Regional Sustainable Community-based Family Planning and Maternal and Child Health (FP/MCH) Project was held from January 22 to 27, 1996, in Tokyo, with special focus on women, to develop strategies for the coming four years. A draft action plan was developed for 1996-99 at the meeting attended by 18 project managers from four implementing countries as well as representatives of projects in China and Vietnam, and two international experts. The implemented projects stressed the involvement of the community and strove for integration of multiple reproductive health needs, particularly for young adults and adolescents. A specialist in reproductive health from the WHO spoke of clients' needs; the lack of adequate community participation, attention to gender issues, qualitative evaluation, sex education, and collaboration among the government, the nongovernmental organizations, and the private sector. Presentations were also made of achievements, issues, and recommendations for each of the four countries implementing projects and highlighting the projects in China and Vietnam. Family planning, the promotion of literacy, and education are important to the empowerment of women. A project targeting adolescents needs the involvement of adolescents, teachers, and parents beginning at the planning stage. Other issues concerned male involvement and gender issues; cultural sensitivity; technical and financial sustainability; spanning the gap of varying definitions of quality of care for recipients and providers; and acceptable, available, and accessible services for beneficiaries. The core issues for the second cycle included: reproductive health, women's participation, quality of care, sustainability, community mobilization, adolescent health, and improved supervision and monitoring.


Malingering is defined as an intentional social act of simulating or exaggerating illness. However, determinations of intentionality are often met with suspicion, and among experts in malingering nobody quite likes to make intentionality judgements. A serious medical, legal, and political management of malingering, however, must confront the problem of intentionality. Both malingerers (in planning their deception) and examiners (in trying to detect it) rely on a folk concept of intentionality that has evolved over a million years and has been refined in everyday social practice. Though folk judgements of intentionality are not perfect, they are well grounded in a systematic conceptual framework and thus provide the starting point for a comprehensive analysis of malingering as a social act. This chapter discusses the folk-conceptual and cognitive underpinnings of intentionality judgements and offers implications for a better understanding and handling of malingering. Important distinctions are introduced, such as between intentions (the mental state of being committed to act) and intentionality (the skilful and conscious performance of an intended action), and factors are identified that increase or decrease the validity of intentionality judgements. The picture of malingering painted here is one of a complex but tractable type of intentional action that is, in principle, no more elusive than other intentional actions people perceive and manage every day. Malle Intentional Action 3 Malingering is typically defined as the intentional attempt to simulate or exaggerate illness symptoms in order to reach a consciously desired goal (e.g., health benefits, release from military duty). Because of its intentional and conscious quality, malingering is more blameworthy in our social and legal system than hypochondria, hysteria, or related disorders, which count as unintentional because their illness symptoms are caused by nonconscious factors (e.g., anxiety). However, the distinction between intentional and unintentional behaviour is often treated with suspicion. In particular, within the complex web of individuals and institutions who deal with the problem of malingering, nobody wants to make intentionality judgements. Investigators for the insurance industry or the government are only interested in "facts," not judgements (even though, naturally, brute facts do not have the causal power to deny benefits or demand repayment; they have causal power only insofar as individuals judge them as relevant and decisive for the question at issue). Physicians focus on describing illness symptoms and organic deficits (or their absence) and claim that judgements about intentional deception lie beyond their professional expertise—they are the lawyers' province. Lawyers, on their part, argue that they are no experts at distinguishing malingering from hysteria and would rather have the physicians make that call. This avoidance of intentionality is misguided, and for two reasons. First, if malingering is distinct from hypochondria and if one of the distinguishing features is intentionality, then no parties involved can ignore the issue of intentionality. Second, intentionality judgements are made every day, by all social agents, and that has been the case for probably about a million years (Malle, in press-b; McWhinney, in press). Judging the intentions and goals of other people is a common social practice, and as such it is neither metaphysically impossible (as some philosophers have it) nor completely reliable. But if it weren't the case that most people are correct in their intentionality judgements a Malle Intentional Action 4 good part of the time, social interaction would be impossible, and the evolution of humankind would have been halted long ago. An adequate foundation for social and professional dealings with malingering must involve a clear concept of intentionality. However, scholars of various disciplines have long argued about the meaning intentionality without reaching a consensual understanding of this phenomenon. Rather than add to the numerous expert definitions, I suggest a different approach, namely to focus on the social cognition of intentionality. Social cognition comprises the tasks and tools involved in the human interpretation behaviour, and judgements of intentionality play a central role therein. These judgements have been rendered reliable and socially shareable (see Freyd 1983) by the evolution of a folk concept of intentionality. A folk concept operates like a filter that classifies certain perceptual input into significant categories and thus frames or interprets the perceptual input in ways that facilitate subsequent processing, including prediction, explanation, evaluation, and action (Malle, in press-a). At least some folk concepts are historically and cross-culturally stable, and there is good reason to believe that intentionality is one of them (Ames 2001; Malle & Knobe 1997; Malle & Nelson, in press). Three reasons make this approach compelling. First, malingering agents act in accordance with their folk concept of intentionality—i.e., they generate action that is intentional in their minds. Second, malingering agents conceal the true motives of their actions in light of what they consider other people's perceptions of intentionality—i.e., they try to behave in ways that do not appear intentional to others. And third, social perceivers of malingering behaviour, such as physicians, insurance agents, jury members or judges, cannot help but use their folk concept of intentionality to distinguish malingering from genuine illness. Malle Intentional Action 5 In this chapter, I thus introduce a definition of intentionality that is grounded in people's social practice of judging intentionality, and I examine some of the features on which people base such judgements. This contribution does not solve the problem of judging intentionality in any particular case, but it lays the groundwork for an adequate approach to malingering in general by providing a systematic conceptual language that can be used in social as well as legal contexts. 1. The Concept of Intentionality In court and in daily interactions, people regularly make judgements of intentionality. However, surprisingly little research has been devoted to the concept that underlies these judgements. A number of researchers have offered theoretical discussions (Heider 1958; Jones & Davis 1965; Fiske 1989; Shaver 1985), but their respective models disagree on the specific components that make up intentionality. Malle and Knobe (1997) therefore relied on an empirical approach to reconstruct the folk concept of intentionality, using qualitative and experimental methods. In a first study, participants read descriptions of 20 behaviours and rated them for their intentionality, using an 8-point scale ranging from "not at all" (0) to "completely" (7) intentional. About one half of the participants received a working definition of intentionality before they rated the 20 behaviours. The definition read: "What do we mean by intentional? This means that the person had a reason to do what she did and that she chose to do so." The assumption was that if people used their own folk concept to rate the behaviours, then there should be high agreement among participants with and without an experimenter-provided definition. Agreement was high in the whole sample. Any two people's intentionality ratings showed an average intercorrelation of r (20) = .64, and any one person showed an average correlation of r (20) = .80 with the remaining group, Malle Intentional Action 6 resulting in an inter-rater reliability of α = .99. More important, the experimenterprovided definition had absolutely no effect on average agreement, so it appears that people share a folk concept of intentionality that they spontaneously use to judge behaviours. The question now becomes what specific components, or "necessary conditions," this folk concept has. Malle and Knobe (1997) answered this question in two steps. The first was to examine people's direct and explicit definitions of intentionality; the second was to experimentally manipulate components of intentionality and thus demonstrate their reliable effect on judgements of intentionality. A sample of 159 undergraduate students provided explicit definitions in response to the question "When you say that somebody performed an action intentionally, what does this mean?" Twenty participants (13%) provided only synonyms of the term intentionally (e.g., "on purpose," "purposefully," "deliberately"). Of the remaining 139 participants, 54% mentioned exactly one component, 31% mentioned two or more. After initial inspection of the definitions, two coders classified them into various categories, of which four reached substantial frequencies accounting for 96% of the meaningful definitions. These four categories were desire, belief, intention, and awareness. To qualify for the desire category, a definition had to mention the desire for an outcome or the outcome itself as a goal, purpose, or aim (e.g., "He did it in hopes of getting some result"). To qualify for the belief category, a definition had to mention thoughts about the consequences of the act or about the act itself (e.g., "She thought about the act and its effect"). To qualify for the intention category, a definition had to mention the intention to perform the act, or states of intending, meaning, deciding, choosing, or planning to perform the act ("She made a decision to perform the action"). Finally, to qualify for the awareness category, a definition had to mention awareness of the act while the person is Malle Intentional Action 7 performing it (e.g., "He knows what he is doing"). Each of these four categories was mentioned by a quarter to a half of participants, but none of the participants mentioned all four components, presumably because the instructions to this study ("What does it mean


According to Dr. Hart Smith "If the well known fuselage splice fatigue problem were removed from consideration, the remainder of the structure have performed well enough to outlast the arrival of the next generation of improved engines or systems most of the time". In other words, apart from the lap splices, technical obsolescence for the whole aircraft arrived before the airframe became too expensive to continue to operate. The paper gives a glimpse of the historical development of fuselage splice joints. Through many ups and downs in aircraft industry, design of long life splice joint has come to a mature stage. Many forgotten features of splice design of early 50's have been revived. To extend the fatigue life considerably, new features have been incorporated. Some of the intricacies of fuselage splices are discussed in detail in this paper.


Laticifer distribution and number were studied in diploid and tetraploid Euphorbia tirucalli L.. The laticifers are non-articulated. Primary laticifers are distributed mainly between the xylem and phloem and in the pith of 2-year-old stems as well. Secondary laticifers are scattered irregularly in the phloem, multi-branched. Terminal laticifers are present beneath the cortex (or periderm). Primary laticifers increase in number and diameter with stem growth. Then the diameter keeps a certain level and primary laticifers continuously increase in number to relief the sap pressure. Compared with diploid, the number of the primary laticifers decreased by 5.5 and 10.7 in newborn and 1-year-old stems of the tetraploid, respectively, and the diameter decreased by 8.4 and 9.6 μm, respectively.


In this paper, nine new filler metals contained Sn and Ga based on Al-11.5Si have been designed for vacuum brazing of Al/Ti. It is found that the addition of Sn and Ga can lower the solidus of filler metal, change the structure of intermetallic compound formed in the joint during brazing, and enhance the strength of joint. But the detail mechanism need further research.


Abstract Deterministic simulation models are used in many areas of science, engineering, and policy making. Typically, these are complex models that attempt to capture underlying mechanisms in considerable detail, and they have many user-specified inputs. The inputs are often specified by some form of trial-and-error approach in which plausible values are postulated, the corresponding outputs inspected, and the inputs modified until plausible outputs are obtained. Here we address the issue of more formal inference for such models. A probabilistic approach, called Bayesian synthesis, was shown to suffer from the Borel paradox, according to which the results can depend on the parameterization of the model. We propose a modified approach, called Bayesian melding which takes into full account information and uncertainty about both inputs and outputs to the model, while avoiding the Borel paradox. This is done by recognizing the existence of two priors, one implicit and one explicit, on each input and output; these are combined via logarithmic pooling. Bayesian melding is then standard Bayesian inference with the pooled prior on inputs, and is implemented here by posterior simulation using the sampling-importance-resampling (SIR) algorithm. We develop this initially for invertible models, and then extend it to the more difficult and more common case of noninvertible models. We illustrate the methodology using a number of examples. Simulation studies show that the method outperforms a simpler Bayesian approach in terms of mean squared error. A number of open research problems are discussed.


This paper presents a method for human action recognition based on patterns of motion. Previous approaches to action recognition use either local features describing small patches or large-scale features describing the entire human figure. We develop a method constructing mid-level motion features which are built from low-level optical flow information. These features are focused on local regions of the image sequence and are created using a variant of AdaBoost. These features are tuned to discriminate between different classes of action, and are efficient to compute at run-time. A battery of classifiers based on these mid-level features is created and used to classify input sequences. State-of-the-art results are presented on a variety of standard datasets.


The electrocaloric effect (ECE) has recently become very attractive phenomenon due to its various potential applications, for example in heating or cooling devices of new generation which could be more efficient and environmentally friendly. Here a direct measurements of the ECE in thick films of 8/65/35 PLZT ceramics, and in the relaxor ferroelectric polymer composition P(VDF-TrFE-CFE)0.95-P(VDF-CTFE)0.05 near room temperature are presented. Our results are consistent with those obtained by indirect measurements. The maximum of the ECE responsivity ΔTEC/E in 8/65/35 PLZT thick films is achieved near the critical point, and in the terpolymer/copolymer blends it is shifted toward higher fields.


Four non-descript male horses aged between 1–4 years having partial to complete corneal opacity were treated surgically for ocular filariosis at Jammu. The recovery was uneventful and opacity cleared in about 3 weeks. Five Setaria worms were collected of which three were Setaria digitata (two males and one female) and two were Setaria equina, both male.


Prosodic boundary, as an integral part of prosodic features in spoken language, is very important in sentence and discourse comprehension. Recently, researchers have shown increasing interest in the neural mechanism of prosodic boundary processing. Numerous studies have found that CPS, a special ERP component reflecting the closure of phonological phrase, could be induced by phonological phrase boundary embedded in a sentence. Also, researches have demonstrated that intonational phrase boundary in the end of a sentence consistently elicited P3, which reflects the operation of "syntactic closure" as well as the completeness of language unit. The present study aims to investigate the cognitive processing of intonational phrase boundary embedded in discourse and its related brain effect using ERP. To explore the processing of intonational phrase boundary in discourse, quatrain was used, which is composed of four sentences and five or seven characters in each sentence. Twenty (10 males) healthy undergraduates participated in the experiment. The participants were told to listen carefully to each poem, and complete a word discrimination task. Specifically, if the word "Space" was presented, they were asked to press the spacebar to continue. If other words were presented, they were required to press the "F" or "J" key to indicate whether the word appeared in the poem they had just heard. The EEG was recorded from 64 scalp channels using electrodes mounted in an elastic cap. Boundary-related ERPs were calculated for a 1500 ms epoch including a 200 ms pre-boundary syllable baseline. It was found that the three intonational phrase boundaries embedded in the quatrain elicited CPS respectively, with no differences in time course, amplitude and scalp distribution, indicating that prosodic boundary processing was not influenced by its position in discourse. Moreover, the final sentence of both five-character-quatrain and seven-character-quatrain evoked the P3 effect, with the amplitude elicited by the former one lower than that of the later one, but no differences in scalp distribution and onset latency. The present study suggests that boundaries conveying both the closure of preceding information and the prediction of upcoming information will induce CPS, while boundaries reflecting only the closure of preceding information will elicit P3. The nature and characteristics of these two components were also discussed in the present study.


The production technology for the plastic optical fibers (POF) was optimized. The test results show that transmit loss and band width of the POFs made with the optimized technology meet the technical requirements of photo-communication. The improvement of the international standards related with POFs and the development of POFs components are reviewed.


In the process of human resource management, only scientific management and handling different sorts of problems can provide powerful guarantee for the business benefits. The author analyses the feasibility of applying the management game theory to the human resource management, and the problems in applying the management game theory to sports team management, and studies the methods of scientifically managing the human resource. So it can be taken as a theoretical guide to the scientific human resource management.


In order to research and express the inter-action trend of regional urban economy, society and space, the analysis of agglomeration and fragmentation emphasized the dynamic evolution relationship of the inter-units, especially of the inter-cities in the metropolitan area. Based on the introduction of the American metropolitan fragmentation index (MFI), this paper improved the uniformity index (UI) according to the characters of the development for the metropolitan areas in China. Taking the metropolitan area along Yangtze River in Jiangsu Province as an example, this paper selected the data of GDP, social total investment of capital asserts, total retail sales of consumer goods, local public finance income, local public finance expense, gross output value of the secondary industry, gross output value of tertiary industry, foreign capital introduction and actual utilization of foreign capital from Jiangsu statistical annual 1999-2005, to calculate the agglomeration and fragmentation since the 21st century, aiming to figure out the inter-action evolution relationship of the developing trend of economy, space, and governance in Jiangsu's metropolitan area through a multi-dimension analysis. This paper summed up the trends of homogenization and general development. Meanwhile, the paper concluded that the development policy making and governance structure constructing should aim at the characters of different regions, and problems in different regions should be treated in respective ways. Finally, the paper argues that the MFI and the improved UI are appropriate when they are used to analyze the dynamic evolution relationship of inter-cities. The MFI is sensitive in analyzing the the evolution of the metropolitan governance structure while the UI is suitable in expressing the evolution of the economic elements.


Postcard of a photograph of a monument with a statue figure on top, sitting between two long canons on a small mound surrounded by trees. The monument bears the word "Gettysburg," and handwritten text at the bottom of the postcard identifies it as a soldier's monument. A town area can be partially seen in the background, through the trees. The other side of the postcard is blank except for postcard markings.


Semarang ABC toll road is an inner-city toll road of Semarang connecting the West, East, and South areas of Semarang City. The toll road is a crucial road for land transportation in Java and yet passed by many overloaded and over-dimension vehicles. Overloaded and over-dimension vehicles (ODOL) on toll roads is categorized as a traffic violation that harms various parties such as disrupting the smooth traffic flow due to low speeds and affecting toll road maintenance costs due to ODOL vehicle loads, and Accident rates involving overloaded vehicles. This study aims to examine the effect of ODOL vehicles on the Accident rate on toll road. The study used a regression test with SPSS software. The results of the study show there is an influence between ODOL vehicles and the level of traffic accidents on toll road by 32%. From the JM Digimap application, case studies of accidents involving ODOL vehicles on toll road can disrupt the smooth traffic flow and reduce the average passing speed by up to 12%.
Keywords: Accident Rates, Over-dimension, Overloading, Traffic Violation.


—The aim of the research is to design a portable wireless mesh networks based on IP PBX technology. The energy source of the system is supplied from the combination of solar cell and battery. The system employs Asterisk FreePBX software as a server configuration media while the clients, laptop and smartphone device, employ MicroSIP and Bria as a softphone. 13 concurrent calls perform 21.49% of CPU utilization, outperforming the previous research of around 70%. The results also describe that all the network performance parameters such us delay, jitter, and packet loss have met the ITU G.114 standards.


The project was conducted in several phases:

The first phase was training for project members to develop instructional programs by the experts from the Faculty of Philosophy in Ljubljana, Jagelon- University and the Center for English language as a foreign language;

The second phase : Training for the project members to develop textbooks for Macedonian language as a foreign language;

The third phase: Visit to the partner institutions in London, Ljubljana and Krakow;

The fourth phase: Visit by the grant holders and foreign partners on TEMPUS offices open for other partners in the Republic of Macedonia, in order to check the results of the implementation of the program.


Some biological systems involving mutation and selection are characterised by nonlinear equations that can have dynamically complex outcomes. We consider the genes affecting a quantitative trait, that have been previously found to have a distribution that persistently changes and does not equilibrate. This is the outcome of non-linear feedback arising from selection and mutational processes that vary from one genetic locus to another, thereby breaking the symmetry that all loci are equivalent. Here we adopt an approximate analytical approach to identify the evolutionary "force" that drives the persistent change.


This paper deals with the analysis of the P(ilot) I(n-the-Loop) O(scillations) of the second category (with rate and position liming in the closed loop pilot-vehicle system), caused by the dynamic coupling between the human pilot and the aircraft. The analysis is made in the context of the longitudinal motion and the theoretical model of the airplane presented in this article is a (B)lended (W)ing (B)ody tailless configuration. In what concerns the human operator, this is expressed by the Synchronous Pilot Model, which is represented by a simple gain, without a specific delay. The Routh- Hurwitz criterion is used in order to analyze the longitudinal stability of the low-order pilot-airplane system without the influence of actuator nonlinearity (this means that the unsaturated actuator model is employed for the mentioned algebraic criterion). Most emphasis is put on the frequency Popov criterion, which is used to investigate the absolute stability property of the short-period model in the presence of the actuator rate saturation, in the condition of the Lurie problem. The transfer function of the longitudinal BWB model, obtained from open-loop analysis, has a double pole at the origin and, for the absolute stability feedback structure that contains the nonlinearity of the saturation type, the Popov frequency-domain inequalities are applied to the PIO II problem in this critical case.


Progresses in the research for season division and seasonal changes are reviewed systematically in this paper,which particularly introduces the results of a national natural science foundation project,"the nonlinear identification of seasonal changes and its responses to global warming".The project developed two objective and quantitative methods for season division:the non-linear similarity measure(NSM) method and the regional multi-element optimal dissection(RMOD) method,which differ from traditional ones for season division.Besides,the project further investigated seasonal changes and their responses to global warming,analyzed evolution characteristics of the starting date and length of seasons in history,revealed their relationships with extreme events and precipitation patterns in rainy seasons,and thereby built a research system for seasonal changes in China under the global warming background.Finally,the authors make an outlook on the research for season division and seasonal changes and put forward several issues associated with season and climate changes that need to be further explored.


Because of increasing terrorist activities, the resolution of video cameras and the number of cameras deployed for surveillance are increasing exponentially – producing huge amount of video data. Manual analysis of this large volume of video data by human operators for crime scene and forensic analysis is neither reliable nor scalable. This has generated enormous interest in research activities related to automation of video surveillance systems which allows real-time automatic extraction and analysis of information from live incoming video streams and enables automatic detection and tracking of targets without human intervention. To meet the real-time requirements of automated video surveillance systems, very different technologies and design methodologies have been used in literature. These range from use of General Purpose Processors (GPPs) or special purpose Digital Signal Processors (DSPs) or Graphics Processing Units (GPUs) to Application Specific Integrated Circuits (ASICs) or Applications Specific Instruction Set Processors (ASIPs) or even programmable logic devices like Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs). FPGAs provide real-time performance that is hard to achieve with GPPs/DSPs, limit the extensive design work, time, and cost required for ASICs, and allow algorithmic changes in later stages of system development. Due to these features FPGAs are being increasingly used for prototyping automated video surveillance system quickly. In this paper we present the top level description of a complete automated video surveillance system along with the elaboration of different challenges/issues involved in its design and implementation, a comparative analysis of design methodologies and existing FPGA platforms, complete design flow for prototyping the FPGA-based automated video surveillance system, and details of various primary input/output interfaces required for designing smart automated video surveillance systems for future.


This article evaluates and compares the financial soundness of Islamic and conventional PCBs operating in Bangladesh based on the CAMEL approach over the period 2015 to 2019. For this purpose, the authors select a sample of 17 Conventional PCBs and 6 Islamic PCBs listed on the Dhaka Stock Exchange. In terms of composite CAMEL ratings, none of the banks is found to be strong or satisfactory in financial soundness in 2019. Out of 17 conventional banks, 13 of them are in a fair position i.e. having financial, operational, or compliance weakness and need more than normal supervision and regulation to address the deficiencies. Another 4 conventional banks are in a marginal position means that they are in serious financial problems and need close supervision and regulation. Ranking of conventional banks based on composite CAMEL ratings shows that Brac Bank Ltd. is in top position (Score 2.65) with Bank Asia Ltd. securing second position (score 2.7) while AB Bank Ltd., IFIC Bank Ltd, One Bank Ltd., and Mutual Trust Bank Ltd. are in the worst position with marginal status. Among 6 Islamic banks, 5 are in a fair position and only 1 in a marginal position in 2019. Shahjalal Islami Bank Ltd. secures the top position (Score 2.8) with fair status and Social Islami Bank Ltd. is in the worst position with marginal status. Independent sample test is used to see whether there is any significant difference between Islamic and Conventional PCBs concerning CAMEL parameters. The study finds that except for liquidity there is no significant difference in capital adequacy, asset quality, management quality, and earnings quality. The study also reveals that there is no significant difference in the average CAMEL ratings of two types of Banking. However, on average Islamic banks have better asset quality, management quality while conventional banks have better capital adequacy, earnings, and liquidity.


In this article, we consider the class of flat G-modules in the category of discrete modules over a profinite group G. We will appeal to a recent result of Enochs to prove that we have flat covers in this situation.


Viral infections can alter the cellular epigenetic landscape, through modulation of either DNA methylation profiles or chromatin remodeling enzymes and histone modifications. These changes can act to promote viral replication or host defense. Herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV‐1) is a prominent human pathogen, which relies on interactions with host factors for efficient replication and spread. Nevertheless, the knowledge regarding its modulation of epigenetic factors remains limited. Here, we used fluorescently‐labeled viruses in conjunction with immunoaffinity purification and MS to study virus–virus and virus–host protein interactions during HSV‐1 infection in primary human fibroblasts. We identified interactions among viral capsid and tegument proteins, detecting phosphorylation of the capsid protein VP26 at sites within its UL37‐binding domain, and an acetylation within the major capsid protein VP5. Interestingly, we found a nuclear association between viral capsid proteins and the de novo DNA methyltransferase DNA (cytosine‐5)‐methyltransferase 3A (DNMT3A), which we confirmed by reciprocal isolations and microscopy. We show that drug‐induced inhibition of DNA methyltransferase activity, as well as siRNA‐ and shRNA‐mediated DNMT3A knockdowns trigger reductions in virus titers. Altogether, our results highlight a functional association of viral proteins with the mammalian DNA methyltransferase machinery, pointing to DNMT3A as a host factor required for effective HSV‐1 infection.


The relevance of the outlined problem is determined by the need for an anticipatory development of the educational sphere, in particular, improvement of the process of training specialists in art specialties at institutions of higher education, taking into account peculiarities of postmodern development of society. Taking into account the results of the generalization of theoretical searches, existing innovative processes in art education are singled out and analyzed (updating regulatory support, creating original scientific and methodological support for the formation of professional competence, implementing innovative educational programs, using information and communication technologies, implementing a quality management system for higher education, etc.). On the basis of the generalization of the conducted research work, the theoretical model of improving the professional training of future specialists in art by means of pedagogy of dissensus is substantiated. The model describes the goal, subject, object, process, and expected result. The means of pedagogy of dissensus (integrativeness, communicative behavior, dissensus, argumentative speech, different readings of the content of artistic works, etc.) and the peculiarities of their use in the process of training art specialists are characterized. Prospects for further research consist in detailing the model of improving the professional training of future art specialists by means of pedagogy of dissensus and developing effective means of control in order to organize a pedagogical experiment under the conditions of a real educational process.


It is often desirable to determine the manner in which a circuit approaches steady-state operation after a periodic input is applied. More precisely, an answer is sought to the question: "After how many cycles of input may the voltages and currents within the circuit be considered periodic, to within a certain error?" If the circuit is linear, an answer can always be obtained by the ordinary methods of mathematical attack. All too often, however, such procedures are little more than tours de force of tedious calculations. This is particularly true when some of the circuit component values are variable with time, as is sometimes the case when relays, tubes, switches, and the like are present. In this paper a method will be developed for answering the question posed above for a restricted, but still quite general, class of linear circuits. Practically speaking, the main restriction is that there be only one reactive component in the circuit. The analysis proceeds by development of a linear, first-order difference equation, whose solution characterizes the circuit's transition from quiescence to transient to steady operation.


Feeding problems occur in around 50% of children with neurological disability. Needing help with feeds, choking, prolonged meal times, and poor weight gain are common. Gastro-oesophageal reflux and constipation may further complicate management, and obesity is a risk particularly in those with low energy requirements. Assessment should include a detailed feeding history and anthropometry. Oromotor skills and safety of swallow can be gauged by a speech and language therapist, and appropriate seating and eating tools by an occupational therapist. The dietician advises on nutritional requirements and how these can be met. Tube feeding is indicated for an unsafe swallow, recurrent aspiration pneumonia, and when an adequate energy intake cannot be achieved despite optimizing oral intake. On rare occasions, parenteral nutrition may be considered if gastrointestinal dysmotility progresses to the point that enteral feeding is no longer possible. This raises difficult ethical issues and early involvement of a palliative care team is highly recommended.


Industrial marketing researchers have developed sophisticated analyses of interactions among business actors in which their exchanges often feature products and services subject to incremental innovation. Relationships feature strongly in this body of research and it is perhaps surprising that the commercial arrangements, such as contracts and management accounting, have featured to a lesser extent. There has been some interest in Macneil's work on relational exchanges and contracts and we take this as a basis for a comparison of three cases of service innovation in engineering. We are particularly interested in developing the agency implications of Macneil's work, which concentrates on situations, such as the fundamental qualities of contracts. In particular, we assess the practical problem of how actors combine the asymmetry of often known and immediate costs of committing to projects and exchanges in the context of relationships, but where the outcomes, distribution of benefits and any compensation are uncertain in quality, quantity and duration. We find that actors mobilise the concept in practice of relationship or exchange justice, providing motivation for them engaging in exchanges which feature incremental innovation.


Although human papilloma virus (HPV) status is the most informative prognostic marker in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC), the mechanisms that provide the survival advantage are poorly understood. Here we demonstrate that defects in transforming growth factor β (TGFβ) signaling confer a profound vulnerability in DNA repair for HPV+ HNSCC. We interrogated HNSCC profiled by The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) with a 77 gene chronic TGFβ signature, defined as those genes that were significantly and reciprocally altered in MCF10A cultured for 7 days with TGFβ or a small molecule inhibitor of TGFβ type 1 receptor kinase (TBRIi). The 50 TGFβ-upregulated genes and 27 TGFβ-downregulated genes were negatively correlated (P Citation Format: Qi Liu, Lin Ma, Luis Palomero, Miquel Angel Pujana, Trevor Jones, Patrick Ha, John Murnane, Mary Helen Barcellos-Hoff. Status of TGFbeta signaling determines PARP inhibitor sensitivity in head and neck cancer [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2018; 2018 Apr 14-18; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2018;78(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 2812.


Arterial hypertension, obesity, the renin-angiotensinaldosterone system (RAAS), and uric acid are all independently ligated to an increased cardiovascular (CV) risk. Arterial hypertension and obesity are among the 20 leading risk factors that increase the mortality of the general population with hypertension, which is number one. In turn, obesity is one of the most common factors responsible for the development of arterial hypertension. On the other hand, the RAAS and uric acid have been shown to participate independently in the development and maintenance of arterial hypertension, as well as in the mechanisms leading to the development of hypertension in obesity. Furthermore, RAAS as well as uric acid have been shown to be related to an increase in CV morbidity and mortality in hypertension and obesity. In fact, uric acid could play a role in the epidemic of obesity-related metabolic syndrome and cardiorenal disease. In this issue of The Journal of Clinical Hypertension, Zhang and colleagues expand the knowledge of the participation of the RAAS and uric acid in the pathogenesis of hypertension in obesity. The authors describe that serum uric acid is strongly related to angiotensinogen in an obesity-dependent manner in untreated hypertensive patients. They also describe that serum uric acid seems to contribute to the enhancement of plasma angiotensinogen and could be involved in the pathophysiology of obesity-related hypertension where an increase in activity of RAAS is one of the mechanisms underlying the development and maintenance of arterial hypertension. The pathophysiological scene of hypertension in obesity is a vicious circle in which specific mechanisms can contribute at the same time to trigger others, leading to the progressive deterioration of the cardiorenal system. This crosstalk between hypertension and obesity is represented in the Figure where it is shown how these mechanisms are interconnected. In this context, hyperuricemia is strongly related to arterial hypertension. At the same time, increased sympathetic activity and increased RAAS are also mechanisms underlying hypertension and obesity, where the results of Zhang and colleagues also point to angiotensinogen as an important player in the pathogenesis of obesity hypertension. The high level of circulating angiotensinogen observed in untreated hypertensive obese patients is also likely


A new bidirectional reflectance distribution function (BRDF) model of earth objects is established for the calibration of remote sensing image by the national metrology equipment. This model colligates the solar radiance, the atmosphere status, the object type, and the space camera parameter, etc. The output data of this model is the enter radiance data for the space camera. The remote sensing image can be appeared more "true" through this calibration. A kind of ground glass for architecture is measured and the correspond remote sensing image is simulated. After calibrated, the chromatism of this image is improved by 2 and the luminance contrast of that is improved by 3. OCIS codes: 120.0120, 280.0280, 290.0290. doi: 10.3788/COL201210.S11201. The aero camera receives different radiance and emit different wavelength light at the same time for the generation of the remote sensing image. Bidirectional reflectance distribution function (BRDF) combine these incident light, reflect light, and scatter light in one variable and it is the best variable to describe the space radiance performance of objects. The complex BRDF model for remote sensing image is based on the BRDF fundament equation, and colligates the solar radiance, the atmosphere status, the object type, and the space camera parameter, etc. In this model, the solar radiance and it's change through atmosphere are considered in the incident variable of BRDF, and the proximity effect of atmosphere and the parameters of aero camera are considered for the reflect variable of BRDF, for example, the BRDF performance of aerosol [1] . Then the BRDF value of some typical objects are measured and calibrated. The absolute BRDF value are achieved and simulated using the complex BRDF model. Thus the remote sensing image which is calibrated is achieved. The whole procedure is shown in Fig.1. The basement equation of the complex BRDF model is established by the definition of BRDF as shown in Eq.(1) which defined as the ration of the reflect radiance and the incident irradiance on the appearance of the objects [2] . In Eq.(1), �i represents the incident zenith angle, 'i represents the incident azimuth angle, �r represents the incident zenith angle, 'r represents the incident azimuth angle, � the represents wavelength, Lr(�i,'i,�r,'r,�) represents the reflect radiance at specified angles and wavelength, Ei(�i,'i,�) represents the incident irradiance at specified angles and wavelength. Equation (1) is true in the controllable incident solid angle d i, which is shown in Fig.2. Under this condition, Lr(�i,'i,�r,'r,�) can be simplified to Lr(�r,'r,�). fr(�i,'i,�r,'r,�) = dLr(�i,'i,�r,'r,�) dEi(�i,'i,�) = Lr(�r,'r,�) Ei(�i,'i,�) .


The study aimed to identify the most important issues that should be appreciated by Islamic preacher, and disclosure of the level of awareness of the preachers of scientific issues and make the necessary proposals for the development of awareness of these issues, the study relied on the descriptive approach through the application of the identification of contemporary scientific issues on a stratified random sample composed of 376 calling.


At the heart of innovative techniques for virtual reality, are the corporeal experience and the evolution of a heterogeneous range of interactive relationships that come together to constitute co-active, co-creative and emergent modalities of viewer incorporation in the data sphere. Embodiment explodes traditional narrative strategies and signals a shift from isolated individual experience to interpersonal theaters of exchange and social engagement. In addition, the opportunities offered by interactive and 3D technologies for enhanced cognitive exploration and interrogation of high dimensional data are rich fields of experimentation that need to be realized within the domain of both humanities and sciences. This presentation will focus research at the recently established Applied Laboratory of Interactive Visualization and Embodiment (ALiVE). ALiVE is an interdisciplinary research initiative of the School of Creative Media City University of Hong Kong, situated in a 1000 sq.m. facility at the Hong Kong Science Park. The Lab builds on creative innovations that have been made over the last ten years at the UNSW iCinema Research Centre, ZKM Centre for Art and Media, and at Museum Victoria. Its challenge-led research programs respond to the academic, cultural and industrial opportunities that are emerging throughout Asia. ALiVE is an incubator and innovations showcase for new forms of creativity at the cutting edge of digital media in society. Leveraging technological advances in cinema, games, and mobile, networked and participatory media, ALiVE researches innovative modes of immersive interactive experience that are of major relevance to the societal future of culture, entertainment, education and industry. Its pioneering infrastructure is made up of a number of unique virtual reality and augmented reality display environments, panoramic production systems and computer graphics techniques. The applications discussed will include ground-breaking works in media art, cultural heritage, situated gaming and digital humanities.


Solids separator inclined for retention and feedback solids a reactor blend comprising the following channel: - an upper area of the solids separator with one or more passages / facilities (80) for withdrawing a stream of crop (70) (> = harvest), separated from the cells, a collection area harvest stream (56), connected to - a separation zone formed by a stack of laminations (1) of a plate with plastic ribs of one or more layers, which in operation is inclined at an angle (10) of 30 ° to 80 ° to the horizontal, connected to - a lower segment of the solids separator with one or more passages or facilities (84) for distribution of flow mixing reactor (74), through - a zone of collection of solid (57) reduced down to collect the cells with the aid of gravity, wherein the collection area solids (57) ta reduced down conical or pyramidal.


Researchers retrospectively evaluated presentation, treatment, and outcomes in 57 patients younger than 21 who received diagnoses of acute heart failure at a tertiary care pediatric hospital emergency department in Texas from 2003 to 2006. Common presenting signs included hepatomegaly (65%), tachypnea (63%), and tachycardia (54%); less-common presenting signs included peripheral edema (21%), rales (18%), and jugular venous distortion (5%). Common symptoms included dyspnea …


ABSTRACT The number of states that have developed layered engagement policies aimed at co-opting various migrant or diaspora groups has exponentially risen in the past couple of years. The highest political leadership of China has also recognized the need to tackle this matter systematically within its national political and institutional setup. The primary objective of this research note is to explore the Chinese government's framing and capacity to shape cooperation mechanisms with Chinese migrant and diaspora communities abroad, through analyzing the work of the Office of Overseas Chinese Affairs of the Shanghai Municipal Government. My primary aim is to trace and reconstruct locally designed mechanisms employed by government agents to capture certain migrant groups into their own structures of local programmes. I outline what the practical implications of such localized management practices in China are, specifically focusing on agency, institutions and processes, and assessing the impact of the resulting complexities in the current institutional set-up of the Shanghai Municipality.


This paper refocuses attention on and problematizes girls' experiences of school achievement and the construction of schoolgirl femininities. In particular, it centres on the relatively neglected experiences and identity work of high achieving primary school girls. Drawing upon ethnographic data (observations, interviews, and pupil diaries) from a broader study of girls' and boys' perceptions and experiences of schoolwork and achievement from two contrasting primary schools in a city in South Wales (UK), the paper will explore the gendered subjectivities of high achieving girls from diverse social and cultural backgrounds. Three narrative case studies are re-presented and analysed to explore the feminization of success and thus the tensions and contradictions as girls negotiate the pushes and pulls to be both "bright" (i.e. succeeding academically) and "beautiful" (succeeding in "doing girl"). Of key interest are the possibilities, costs, and consequences of girls producing ambivalent femininities and the rearticulation and transgression of normative ways of "doing clever" and "doing girl" in 21st century primary schools.


Embodying and balancing the European avant-garde movement of the 1920s and the dialectical U.S. neo-avant-garde aesthetics of the 1960s, Robert Breer encompassed various art forms in his painting, sculpture and film. In doing so, he created a distinct style that embraces both photographic representation and non-figurative abstraction – a heterogeneous assemblage of sorts – to advocate taking an intermediate stance in the act of rendering the relation between artistic tradition and innovation. By looking at A Man and His Dog Out for Air (1957), Fuji (1974) and LMNO (1978), I show three strategies devised by Breer that help generate the vital energy in these animations: metamorphosis, gradational abstraction, and self-moving objects. All three strategies point to Breer's dualistic endeavour to experiment with the aesthetic and ontological possibilities of moving images and with the animated objects within the frame in spite of photographic, realist and rational confinements.


Previous research has identified a set of early warning signs of complainants most likely to become unusually persistent. Further research was recommended to devise a tool to assist in the early recognition of such complainants. This study aimed to devise and validate a tool to assist in the early identification of complainants who are most likely to become unusually persistent. A 10-item tool (the review of initial complainant conduct) was developed using previously-identified warning signs. The tool was validated using retrospective data from a group of complainants taken from the Scottish Public Services Ombudsman. A revised eight-item review of initial complainant conduct tool provided optimum sensitivity and specificity. Complainants who scored two or more out of eight on the tool were five times more likely to become unusually persistent. The review of initial complainant conduct is a valid, reliable tool for the early identification of complainants who are most likely to become unusually persistent. Its use would potentially allow appropriate management strategies to improve outcomes for complainants and for service improvements to be implemented.


Top-level design plays an important role in connecting the planning and execution.This article,taking Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region as an example,discussed the whole frame construction of the provincial level informatization of land and resources on the basis of the principle and methods of the top-level design and the practical need,and put forward a design mode as 123478,which means one piece of Map,Two-tier of Data Center,three-tier of Network,four types of integration,seven Applications,and eight Measurements.


We present here the results of a preliminary study on a circularly polarized, S-band satellite antenna element consisting of a cavity-backed, crossed-slot radiating element and a microstrip feeding network. This study, involving extensive calculations and engineering model measurements, has verified the feasibility of the antenna element and will constitute the outset for the further development of the antenna system. 1. Introduction A forthcoming mission within the Danish Small Satellite Programme [1], with the two-fold science objective of measuring oscillations in nearby stars and searching for gamma-ray bursts, calls for a circularly polarized, S-band telecommand/telemetry antenna system with a spherical coverage gain of -10dBi. The up- and down-link frequencies are fixed at a 241/220 ratio in the 2.0-2.3GHz frequency band, and the resulting 12% bandwidth thus allows for a single system. In order to fully exploit the avaiable space in the launch vehicle fairing and minimize the risk of mechanical damage, this antenna system must be flushmounted with the solar panels covering the box-shaped satellite. The spherical coverage can be obtained by employing a space diversity principle with two hemispherical coverage antenna elements mounted on opposite faces of the satellite. Helix antennas [2] as well as turnstile antennas [3] have previously been employed for similar purposes but are disregarded here because of their protusion from the satellite body. We have instead chosen to employ a flush-mounted antenna element consisting of a cavity-backed, crossed-slot radiating element excited through a microstrip feeding network. This type of antenna element has mainly been used as aircraft antennas [4] due to their wide beamwidth and low profile. In the past decade mobile satellite services have motivated further developments [5, 6] and crossed-slot antennas have been introduced as radiating elements in phased array applications. The present paper reports the results of a preliminary study to verify the feasibility of this antenna element. The study, which involved extensive calculations with an integral equation-based computer code and impedance as well as radiation measurements on an engineering model, has shown that the cavity-backed crossed-slot antenna element offers good hemispherical radiation characteristics and a VSWR below 1.5 over at least a 12% bandwidth. The antenna suggested in this paper is similar to that of [5] but a larger bandwidth is obtained by using two wide slots. 2. Radiating element The geometry of the cavity-backed, crossed-slot antenna is shown in Figure 1. The two slots are endloaded to increase the effective length of the slot. The slots are backed by a square air-filled cavity which is approximately one tenth of a wavelength deep and the element is excited by four probes to obtain circular polarization and a rotationally symmetric radiation pattern. The probes 1-2-3-4 are sequentially phased - - - , penetrate the cavity from the back, and are connected to the top plate at 4 feed points. This feeding arrangement helps eliminating higher order modes and excites two orthogonal modes in phase quadrature resulting in left hand circularly polarized (LHCP) radiation. The resonance frequency, the antenna input impedance, and the impedance bandwidth are functions of several geometrical parameters. In particular, the resonance frequency decreases by increasing the width or the depth of the cavity, by increasing the probe displacement from the cavity center, by extending the length of


Experiment was conducted in order to find the role of local microorganisms (LoM) generated from rotten fruits and vegetables in producing liquid organic fertilizer (LOF). LoM resulting from rotten fruits and vegetables was dominated by Lactobacillus sp.. Therefore, in this experiment LoM was used to utilize cow urine to be LOF. The LoM was tested based on the composition of rotten fruit (F) and vegetable (V) and LoM consisted of LoM-1 (100% F); LoM-2 (75% F: 25% V); LoM-3 (50% F:50% V); LoM-4 (25% F-75% V); and LoM-5 (100% V). In this study other than LoM, EM4 was also used as a source of microorganism and positioned as a control. Cow urine and other materials were mixed and stirred homogenously. After that the LoM was put into the mixture and it then was incubated, respectively, for 6 days (I-6), 12 days (I-12), and 18 days (I-18). At the end of incubation, sample of LOF was taken up and analysis for pH, N, P, K and C. It showed that pH of LOF at all treatments decreased from initial pH of cow urine. The performance of N and K content was different throughout incubation, at I-6, I-12, and I-18. There was no significant differences of C content of LOF among treatments of different LoM at I-6 and I-18 with the exception of I-12. Meanwhile C/N ratio of LOF with different sources of LoM and EM4 at I-6, I-12 were no significant different ranged from 7-12 and 8-11, respectively. There was significantly different of C/N ratio among treatments of different LoM and EM4 at I-18. The C/N ratio of LOF with EM4 as starter showed different performance. The C/N ratio of it increased at I-6 and I12, but gradually decreased at I-18. The LoM generated from rotten fruits and vegetables was dominated by Lactobacillus sp. and have potential to be a starter in producing LOF. The quality of LOF was determined by the incubation periods, mainly at I-18. Therefore, further investigation on this matter is highly recommended.


A UV-absorbance cell assembly for use in capillary zone electrophoresis, or in micellar electrokinetic chromatography, employing a perpendicular variable path length U-shaped cell of nl volume instead of conventional on-column detection is described. The length of the optical path can be chosen arbitrarily, regardless of capillary diameter. The extracolumn variance has been overcome through the elimination of connectors between the capillary and the detection system. The technique is demonstrated by means of micellar electrokinetic chromatography for phenols, in which path lengths of up to 4 mm can be tolerated without serious loss of separation efficiency. An efficiency of approximately 130,000 plates m−1 for a mixture of phenols using a cell of 50 μm in diameter and an optical path of 4 mm was obtained. This leads to a considerable increase in absorbance signal as compared with the usual on-column UV-absorption cell. Construction details are provided.


The aim of this study is two-fold: It first replicates previous studies on methods used in communication research, and then textually analyses each article in the five high ranking Communication journals of the United States published in the year 2016. A total of 160 articles were analyzed for their use in qualitative, quantitative or mixed methods, as well as the particular type of design qualitative or quantitative used. Findings indicate that most journals prefer quantitative articles as opposed to qualitative or mixed methods research. 59.37% of the articles were quantitative, while qualitative and mixed methods recorded 38.75 and 1.87% respectively. Further, findings also indicated that descriptive quantitative methods (53.68%) were mostly preferred over correlations, quasi-experiments, and experiments. Similarly, findings over qualitative research suggested that the grounding theory method (31%) was the most preferred over the four other qualitative research designs. The study, therefore, concludes that quantitative research articles with a focus on descriptive methods had a higher chance of being published in the US Communication Journals than qualitative methods. The lowest chances of publication were in mixed methods and ethnographic qualitative methods that recorded less than 2% probability of being published.


Coronavirus disease (COVID‐19) caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) has become a global pandemic even after vaccination. We aimed to identify immunological heterogeneity over time in vaccinated healthcare workers using neutralization antibodies and neutralizing activity tests.


The paper deals with the application of Reverse Engineering (RE) in the process of redesigning and manufacturing of a printer spare part. The paper presents the devices for transfer of a damaged printer part into a digital model by non-contact three-dimensional (3D) digitization. The paper discusses the 3D computer-aided designing (CAD) of a model with CAD software based on a digitized real part. The paper presents two proposals for spare part manufacturing: a) manufacturing by computer numerical control (CNC) milling, which is projected and programmed in computer-aided manufacturing (CAM) software with regard to production potential of selected CNC machine tools; b) manufacturing by Rapid Prototyping (RP) technology. The article concludes with a comparison of the proposed methods of manufacturing of printer spare part in term of production time.


Asset management is a systematic process of maintaining, upgrading and operating assets. Several agencies are applying asset management principles as a business tool and model to help them define goals and prioritize agency resources in decision making. Road asset management is focused on bridges, traffic signs, pavement markings, culverts. This project focuses on the development of traffic sign asset management system. For this we have to conduct a visual night time inspection method to find the Retro-reflectivity of a sign. This survey will be conducted at regular night time intervals. This survey will be conducted at minimum vehicle distances with vehicle high beam lights. And some of traffic signs should be failed the test they should not visible to the driver. And some signs need for maintenance. The study findings indicate that making a business case for formal asset management programs. In the management study, we have to take manufacture cost of each sign and maintenance cost of the signs. For this we need to replace the some signs and maintenance should be required for some signs. And should note the latitude and longitude of the sign and create a file in the arc GIS and should plot a position of the each sign.


Urban economists and regional scientists occasionally focus on the long-term transformation of some dominant metropolitan area or on the long-term changes experienced by a small number of metropolitan rivals. Decades ago the study of New York by Hoover and Vernon (1959) and the comparative study of New York and Pittsburgh by Chinitz (1961) established high standards for such studies; in more recent times, McDonald (2016) has traced the evolution of greater Chicago, while Storper, Kemeny, Makaren, and Osman (2015) have examined the different growth paths taken by the Los Angeles and Bay area economies. These studies— whether idiographic or comparative—typically look at each city's changing economic base and the composition of its workforce; summarize important land-use shifts, including suburbanization; remark on the quality of infrastructure; evaluate the factors of scale and externalities in promoting economic growth; and assess the role of governance in guiding or maintaining growth. Sometimes future projections and useful policy advice are also provided for these metropolitan areas. Headquarters Economy, by J. Myles Shaver, certainly follows in this tradition. But here the scope of concern is restricted because he focuses entirely on the historic change seen in the corporate landscape of Minneapolis–St. Paul over the past six decades. In many ways, the narrative reflects Shaver's ever-widening inquiries about corporate location as his career unfolded at the Carlson School of Management at the University of Minnesota, and he became disenchanted with "folk theories" that headquarters (HQs) colocated only in those regions having benign climates or superior work ethics. By identifying the underlying reasons for the continued concentration of HQs in the Twin Cities region—which, according to him, claimed 19 Fortune 500 HQs in 2011, making the region number six in the nation—Shaver sets out to expose those factors that determine corporate competitiveness in all metropolitan regions. Chapter 2 looks at the HQ turnover that was experienced between 1955 and 2011. In 1955, the Twin Cities had only nine companies (topped by General Mills and Pillsbury Mills) listed in the Fortune 500; however, two other very visible companies (Hormel and Marshall-Wells) were headquartered elsewhere in Minnesota. By 2011, the Twin Cities rivalled Greater San Francisco (with 19), Dallas (20), Los Angeles (21), and Houston (22) in HQs numbers and its HQ density, calculated to be 5.79 HQs per million inhabitants, was only exceeded by Bridgeport, CT, and San Jose. Over that time span 30 companies in the region lost their Fortune 500 rating, either through relative decline or migration (including mergers), but these were replaced by 40 other companies that entered the region's Fortune 500 list. Part of this turnover was due to the change in industry definition introduced by the Fortune analysts in 1995, which favorably reflected the great diversity of industries that were (and still are) headquartered in Minneapolis–St. Paul. In fact, Shaver argues that the ability to sustain a dominant HQs economy only becomes apparent when a metropolitan region can replace the inevitable loss of some HQs with the addition of entirely new HQs. However, compared with other important cities like Atlanta and Phoenix, the Twin Cities area almost completely relied on homegrown industries—like United Health (insurance), Target (retailing), U.S. Bancorp (banking), and Land O'Lakes (food)—to enhance its Fortune 500 profile during the closing decades of the 20th century. According to the alternative Forbes listing, Minneapolis–St. Paul also houses many HQs of the nation's most important private companies, including Cargill (food) and Carlson (hospitality), and recently its HQ density was only exceeded by five other metropolitan regions. Moreover, various operational, divisional, or regional HQs of public companies can be found there, where Wells Fargo (banking) recently employed 20,000 people and Thompson Reuters (publishing) employed 7,700 other people that were "hidden" from the Fortune 500 list. Thus, by any measure, Minneapolis–St. Paul continues to be a very important U.S. HQs center. In chapter 3, Shaver clarifies the subtitle of the volume. Here, he makes the claim that management talent, intraregional mobility, and interregional migration are the key elements of any HQs economy. First and foremost, he sees that 896029 EDQXXX10.1177/0891242419896029Economic Development QuarterlyBook Reviews book-reviews2019


This study demonstrates the effects of Yanggyuksanhwa-Tang, Sasang constitutional herb prescription reported its clinical effect on the stroke of the So-yang In(少陽人), on the cerebral blood flow changes induced by nitro L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME) treatment and ischemic brain damage induced by the middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) in the rats. The changes of the arterial blood pressure, cerebral blood flow, and the diameter of the pial artery were measured in rats treated with L-NAME. And the changes of the infarct size, volume, and plasma tumor necrosis factor alpha () levels were measured in the rats that the middle cerebral artery has been occluded by the intraluminal suture thread method. Yanggyuksanhwa-Tang was administered by the i.v. injection on the L-NAME treated rats, by the i.o. administration on the MCAO rats. The results is 1. The changes of the arterial blood pressure was not different statistically between in the L-NAME treated control group and in the Yanggyuksanhwa-Tang administered group. 2. Increase in the cerebral blood flow induced by L-NAME treatment was attenuated in the Yanggyuksanhwa-Tang administered group significantly (P levels were decreased significantly (P


Herlina Rahmah. Medical Education Programme. The Effect of Vitamin C on the Spermatozoa Count in Gentamicin-Induced Mice. 2014. Gentamicin is an aminoglycocide antibiotic that causes oxidative stress which eventually causes abnormality in spermatozoa count. Antioxidant roles of vitamin C in free radicals reduction yield to an increase in spermatozoa count. The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of vitamin C on the spermatozoa count in gentamicin induced mice. The samples of this experimental research were 15 DDY male mice which were divided into three groups with five mice each. No treatment given to K1 group. Whereas gentamicin 5 mg/kgbw/day was given to the mice in K2 group. K3 group was given gentamicin 5 mg/kgbw/day for 10 days and vitamin C 100 mg/kgbw/day for 14 days. The result shows that animal treated vitamin C 100 mg/kgbw/day has significant (p<0.05) increased on the spermatozoa count compared with that of K2 group. The conclusion of this study is that vitamin C significantly increases the percentage spermatozoa count to 60.3 % in gentamicin-induced mice.


COMPIRA (Coastal and Ocean Measurement mission with Precise and Innovative Radar Altimeter) is a new Japanese altimetry mission with X-band interferometric synthetic aperture radar (SHIOSAI; SAR Height Imaging Oceanic Sensor with Advanced Interferometry). We will use a wide-swath altimeter to maximize the spatial coverage of the altimetry measurements and to reduce errors in the tidal model in shallow marginal seas. We are now working on a conceptual study of the X-band interferometric synthetic aperture radar. In parallel, to demonstrate the sea surface height measurement with X-band interferometric SAR and obtain some parameters for design of SHIOSAI, we conducted aircraft experiments of the sea surface height measurement with an airborne interferometric SAR. In the paper, we will present current status of conceptual study of the SHIOSAI sensor and the airborne experiments.


The structure theorem for completely 0-simple semigroups established by Rees [5] in 1940 has proved a very powerful tool in the investigation of such semigroups. In this paper the theorem is applied to an investigation of the subsemigroup of a completely 0-simple semigroup generated by its idempotents. Previous work on this problem has been carried out by Kim [4], but the present note offers a more direct approach.


The recent development of commercially available metabolic monitors has increased interest in measuring oxygen uptake (VO 2 ), carbon dioxide elimination (VCO 2 ) and resting energy expenditure (REE) and substrate utilization in critically ill patients. Indeed, indirect calorimetry is a potent tool that requires attention to details, particularly in the critically ill mechanically ventilated patient. However, several factors may influence the accuracy of gas exchange measurements, such as the effect of routine daily therapeutic and diagnostic interventions, type of feeding, gas leaks, and operational or technical problems. This short review analyses the technical aspects involved with the use of the metabolic cart Deltatrac II system in the intensive care setting.


The use of glass fibre reinforced polymer (GFRP) in offshore oil and gas platforms has been on a rise in the recent decades mainly due to its advantages such as good strength to weight ratio, corrosive resistance and etc. Issues such as strength, durability as well as serviceability are the main issues as well. In the concern of fire testing qualification requirement set by the US Coast Guard, glass fibre reinforced polymer (GFRP) was tested under cellulosic fire which does not portray the real offshore platforms burning condition (ASTM E-119). It should instead be tested with hydrocarbon fire which simulates a higher spreading rate and a higher temperature compared to that of cellulosic fire.


Fishers' Craft and Lettered Art provides editions, English translations, and analysis from social, cultural, and environmental perspectives of the three oldest European extended tracts on fishing. Richard Hoffmann discusses the history of fishing in popular culture and outlines the economic and ecologic considerations needed to examine and understand the fishing manuals. Hoffmann further explores how continental fishing traditions were conveyed from oral craft practice into printed culture, and proposes that these manuals demonstrate a lively and complex interaction between written texts and popular culture. The tracts are presented in their original languages - Spanish and German - with facing page translations. Close attention is paid to original setting, functions, and possible range of readings, with detailed explanatory notes to help modern fishers and historians. Fishers' Craft and Lettered Art is a fascinating look at one vital aspect of everyday life at the end of the Middle Ages.


Moss specimens were collected within microhabitats from three sites within the northern West Virginia Mountains: western edge of the Dolly Sods National Wilderness, Canaan Valley, and Canaan Mountain.  The microhabitats that were evaluated included sandstone rocks in full sun and rocks that were shaded; sunny and shaded sphagnum bogs and swamps; sun exposed and shaded soil; and shaded logs.  Mosses from the microhabitats were collected, identified to species, and voucher specimens were prepared for storage at Shawnee State University. The overall goal of this research is to determine which mosses are associated with the several microhabitats typical of the high elevations of the northern West Virginia mountains.   To date, 46 moss species in 27 Families have been identified from the eight microhabitats investigated.


OBJECTIVE
This study was undertaken to investigate the involvement of maternal and infant B vitamins and homocysteine as risk factors for orofacial clefting.

STUDY DESIGN
Venous blood samples were taken from 96 infants with nonsyndromic orofacial clefts and 88 infants without a congenital malformation and from their mothers at approximately 14 months after the index pregnancy. Red blood cell and serum folate, serum vitamin B(12), whole blood vitamin B(6) as pyridoxal-5'-phosphate (PLP), and plasma homocysteine concentrations were measured.

RESULTS
A vitamin B(12) concentration of 185 pmol/L or less and a PLP concentration of 44 nmol/L or less in mothers increased the risk of having a child with an orofacial cleft (odds ratio [OR]=3.1; 95% CI: 1.3-7.4, OR=2.9; 95% CI: 1.2-7.1, respectively). Infants with orofacial clefts had a 15% lower serum folate concentration compared with controls (P=.06).

CONCLUSION
A low vitamin B(12) and PLP concentration in mothers increased the risk of orofacial clefts in the offspring. A possible role of the infant's folate status is suggested.


Biochar-based fertilizers are a new attractive alternative to P supplementation for crops, as they can gradually release the nutrient, avoiding losses and improving soil quality. In this regard, the evaluation of the P amount in biochar-based fertilizers is extremely important for their quality control. Analytical techniques that require sample solubilization are not very efficient for this task, as biochar is difficult to solubilize. Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) is a promising technique to respond to this demand, as it enables a direct analysis of solid samples, avoiding the complicated process of sample solubilization. In this work, a novel method based on spark discharge (SD) coupled to LIBS was evaluated for P determination in biochar-based fertilizers prepared from three different biomasses. To overcome calibration problems in LIBS analysis, a matrix-matching procedure accomplished by the addition of eucalyptus biochar to calibration standards was used in experiments. This procedure minimized matrix effects and allowed us to achieve a satisfactory accuracy even when applied to similar but different matrices. Furthermore, the developed method is simple, fast, direct, does not generate post-analysis residues and appears appropriate for the quality control of sustainable biochar-based fertilizers and other biochar products.


Endoscopy showed base of tongue mass, mainly in left side, smooth surface. Head and neck MRI showed moderately large mass 4×4×3cm seen in the left tonsillar\pyriform fossa regions pushing into the vallecula and extending through the tongue base posteriorly. PET CT showed prominent FDG focus localized to the BOT on the left side extending through hypopharynx on the left (SUV max 5.5) chest abdomen & pelvis was negative (Figure 1).


It is important to bring the students'positive factors into play,such as enthusiasm,subjective,creativity,on the basis of the recognition theory,and to put metaphor theory into English teaching.


This article addresses the perceived customer value (PCV) of a consumer durable product (refrigerators). It is a byproduct of the research project PERCEIVED CUSTOMER VALUE OF A CONSUMER DURABLE PRODUCT: CONSTRUCT AND MEASUREMENT, conducted by the same authors. After making some observations about the PCV, and some general comments about competitive analysis, the PCV figures resulting from the project, are shown. Finally, a way to use such figures as a tool for competitive analysis is illustrated.


A scheme to drive and manipulate a finite-dimensional quantum system in decoherence-free subspaces (DFSs) by Lyapunov control is proposed. Control fields are established by the Lyapunov function. This proposal can drive the open quantum system into DFSs and manipulate it to any desired eigenstate of the free Hamiltonian. An example which consists of a four-level system with three long-lived states driven by two lasers is presented to demonstrate the scheme. We have performed numerical simulations of the dynamics of the four-level system, which show that the scheme works well.


1. Introduction 2. Theoretical Approaches to Europeanization 3. A Closer Look into the Romanian Political System 4. The Impact of the EU Pressure on the Institutions of the Decision-Making Process 5. The Impact of the EU Pressure on Power Configuration 6. The Impact of the EU Pressure on the Level of Conflict 7. Conclusions


Received: 8 December 2018 Accepted: 14 January 2019 Published: 20 February 2019 With the development and popularity of smart devices, streaming data is continually generated at the edge of network. Under those edge scenarios, it takes high latency to process the streaming data by cloud computing. And uploading the raw data to cloud server by networks faces the data privacy issues. Streaming edge computing provides an opportunity to 􀅭ill the gap between the real-time process and data privacy protection by conducting themajor computing at the edge of networks where the streaming data is generated. In the paper, we propose and build SCCS, a Streaming data Cooperative Computing System which is suitable for edge environment. This system (i) cooperatively conducts data analysis tasks on several servers at the edge of network topology; (ii) utilizes the geographically distributed data set; and (iii) protects data privacy and data value. A case study of analyzing real shared bicycle distribution demonstrates howedge nodes servers cooperatewith others to process streaming data on real time.


VeStibUIOCOchlear symptoms after cervical trauma remain a matter of controversy. This controversy is due to the difficulty in interpreting vague symptoms, the lack of objective findings, and the unpredictable time span between trauma and onset of symptoms. Cervicogenic vestibulocochlear symptoms include vertigo, hearing loss, and tinnitus and frequently are used in the same context, suggesting a common mechanism. Experience with treatment, however, shows that symptoms respond quite differently and, generally, tinnitus is the least responsive.


Abstract : A systematic approach to the configuration synthesis of robot arms and wrists has been developed. A simple method for representing and analyzing robots, called the zero reference position method has been developed. The analysis includes forward and inverse kinematics, direct and inverse dynamics, and robust numerical algorithms. A method for approximate manipulation based upon goal chasing strategy has been developed which is suitable for gross robot motions. Keywords: Iterative solutions; Robust algorithms; Joint torques; Simulation; Dynamics; Target tracking.


While recent developments in telematics have produced great interest in driver distraction, this is hardly a new topic. An early UMTRI report (Treat, 1980) defined internal distraction as a diversion of attention from the driving task that is compelled by an activity or event inside the vehicle. Based on data collected in Monroe County, Indiana, Treat (1980) concluded that internal distraction was a factor in 9% of in-depth reports and 6% of on-site investigations. In the period of data collection (1972-1975) conversation with a passenger and increasing use of entertainment tape decks were the major sources of distraction. Now a host of modern infotronic devices offers even greater opportunities for internal distraction (Kantowitz, 2000). Intelligent driver-vehicle interfaces present a wonderful opportunity to successfully manage this increased in-vehicle workload. This smart interface would be adaptive, making dynamic allocation of function decisions in real time. Designing such an intelligent interface presents many problems. In particular, since new infotronic devices are being developed and deployed rapidly, it seems difficult to evaluate all these new designs. This paper focuses upon using microworlds to swiftly assess effects of in-vehicle infotronics upon driver distraction. Microworlds vary along several dimensions such as realism, tractability and engagement (Ehret, Gray, and Kischbaum, 2000). The traditional driving simulator is only one example of a relevant microworld. By considering a wider range of microworlds, we can gain insight into how to best utilize driving simulators. Issues of validity are also illuminated when considered from a microworld perspective. If appropriate intelligent interfaces are designed, telematics should never increase driver distraction.


Anisus vorticulus (Troschel, 1834) is a small planorbid gastropod that inhabits mostly habitats with standing water. It is a Western Palaearctic species with its distribution centred in Eastern and Central Europe (TERRIER et al. 2006). The same authors considered populations of this snail to be widely separated and localised. On the recommendation of the Czech Republic, this species has been listed in the EU Habitat Directive since 2004 as a species of community interest requiring designation of special areas of conservation (Annex II) and strict protection (Annex IV). However, the distribution in many Member States or acceding countries is poorly known despite the fact that it is the basic element required for the preparation of conservation actions and management plans. In Croatia, which is one of the EU acceding countries, the recent status of Anisus vorticulus have been unknown and any data about its distribution are very useful.


Operational calculus, the solution of differential equations by algebraic or quasi‐algebraic means, has a long history and is still taught in one or another of various guises. Similarly the use of integral transforms to the same ends dates back over 200 years and has relatively recently come into its own in undergraduate courses. The two approaches each present in various versions; they are closely related to one another but also exhibit important differences. This paper demonstrates the connections and, by means of several (more or less simple) examples, illustrates the differences.


Synthetic Aperture Radar is the ground images captured from the satellite. These images are captured by various GPS system, region, earth or weather monitoring system to identify the particular desired location or some abnormal activity happing in some area, city or country. These are the high resolution images captured from distance in day, night or under environmental conditions. These images can be processed into different forms to identify the relative regions, image categorization etc. In this paper, an exploration of the SAR images and the associated application is provided. The paper also provided the description some of the common region and SAR image classification methods including LDA, KNN, Decision Tree and Bayesian Network. The method exploration is here provided with the process level specification. Index Terms – SAR Images, Classification, Region Extraction,


Using spectrometer,laser diode and silicon solar cell,a surface plasma resonance experiment apparatus is set up.The surface plasma resonance phenomenon is observed,and the relation between refractive index of electrolyte and resonance angle is measured.


The weldability and the diffusion bonding process of titanium-steel were illustrated in the paper,and suggestions such as fast increase of intact area,surface nanocrystallization and employment of interlayer were brought out to improve the joint strength.


Since the passage of the Sherman Act in 1890, public policy has been hostile toward horizontal restraints of trade. The law provides both criminal and civil penalties for those who have engaged in restraints of trade such as price-fixing, market division, bid-rigging, customer allocations, and the like. I It is very difficult to assess the efficacy of the antitrust sanctions, however, because one would have to determine their deterrent effect. Since we have no accurate count of contemplated, but uncommitted, crimes, an estimate of the deterrent effect remains elusive.'


We present the Anti-Lambda hyperon global polarization in Au+Au collisions at sqrt(s_NN) = 62 GeV and 200 GeV measured with the STAR detector at RHIC. The observed Anti-Lambda hyperon global polarization is consistent with zero, what is in agreement with recent measurements of Lambda global polarization, as well as phi(1020) and K*0(892) vector mesons spin alignment with respect to the reaction plane. The possible dependence of the global polarization on relative azimuthal angle between the orbital momentum of the system and the hyperon 3-momentum is discussed. The corresponding systematic uncertainty due to detector acceptance is found to be less than 20%.