The authors investigate on the question, which obstacles complicate the implementation, advancement and use of possibilities to reconcile working life with private life in companies. On the basis of a qualitative study this question has been subject in companies which are certified for their family sensible personnel-policy. The evaluation gives an idea of the diversity and complexity of obstacles the companies have to face while establishing and extending possibilities to reconcile working life with private life. Nevertheless, they don't fail but show rather a considerable learning process.


Abstract The main goal of the article is to describe selected aspects of the sex trade as viewed by clients who make use of the services provided by sex workers. We use data obtained through a content analysis of selected topics discussed on an erotic forum called Nornik.net. The topics were: Can a person stop "screwing"?; what was your first contact with the sex trade and how can a person hide their visits to sex workers? In the course of the analysis, we identified an additional category that featured in all the topics: "trophy collecting". The discussants perceive sex workers as a commodity to be purchased and subsequently evaluated. The discussants tended to compete among themselves to visit the most sex workers or to be first to visit the latest sex worker. The discussion forum serves as a support centre and contains hints and tips on different areas of "screwing" and related issues. The forum also displays certain features of a community.


An algorithm for De Bruijn sequences generation of the given degree based on the graphs of the same name is proposed. Examples of pseudo regular code masks creation based on the generated sequences are given.


Nimodipine is a dihydropyridine calcium channel blocker that shares the general properties of nifedipine, but acts mainly on cerebral blood vessels. Nimodipine belongs to the Class II Biopharmaceutical Classification System (BCS) drug group, which has low solubility and high permeability. The purpose of this study was to look at the differences in the yield of nanoparticles between the dry grinding and wet grinding methods on the physicochemical properties, solubility, and dissolution rate of nimodipine nanoparticles. The nanoparticles were prepared a nimodipine: HPMC ratio of 1:0.6 using two different methods. Sample characterization was carried out using Particle Size Analyzer (PSA), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC), X-ray Diffraction (XRD), and Fourier Transform Infrared (FT-IR). The Solubility test was carried out in CO2-free distilled water and the dissolution rate was carried out in phosphate buffer pH 7.2. The solubility of pure nimodipine in CO2-free distilled water was 0.339 µg/mL, the physical mixture was 1.948 µg/mL, the dry grinding nanoparticles were 3.367 µg/mL, and the wet grinding nanoparticles were 19.952 µg/mL. The dissolution test results obtained with the percentage of pure nimodipine dissolution at 60th minutes was 33.947%, the physical mixture was 39.482%, the dry grinding nanoparticles were 49.798%, and the wet grinding nanoparticles were 56.484%. Based on the results of the study, it can be said that the nimodipine-HPMC nanoparticles significantly increased the solubility and dissolution rate of nimodipine.


The present invention has an electromagnetic wave shielding effect by producing a subject to dojeonsa such as copper wire to the screening (芯 絲) enclosing the core in a variety of coated fiber yarn (CORE YARN) The electromagnetic wave shielding core yarn as for electromagnetic shielding, and producing a fabric comprising the same It characterized in that producing a high fabric. Thus, while the touch, such as dyeing properties as a textile fabric preferably also has an effect of the electromagnetic wave shielding effect it provides excellent electromagnetic wave shielding the core yarn and the electromagnetic wave shielding fabric.


In recent years, the compressed sensing theory has been widely used in sparse aperture radar imaging. The inverse synthetic aperture radar (ISAR) imaging based on the sparse aperture echo of V-style frequency modulation (V-FM) waveform, which can mitigate the ambiguity appeared in range and velocity, has been proposed in this paper. After analyzing and interpreting the reason why the VFM signal pulse compression needs to use dual channels, we built the VFM waveform sparse echo model and analyze the causes of echo sparseness. A modified weighted compressive sensing (MWCS) algorithm is proposed to obtain high-resolution images under strong noise environment. The innovation of this paper lies in the new weighting method and the iterative reconstruction algorithm. The experimental results are shown to demonstrate the validity of the proposed method.


The understanding os psychological correlates of family planning and fertility has not kept pace with the increasing knowledge of social correlates. A study is reported which was undertaken to identify beliefs and values associated with favorable and unfavorable family planning attitudes and behavior. The National Opinion Research Center interviewed 100 lower-income Negro and 101 lower-income white mothers who were between 20 and 40 and had 2 or more living children to assess: 1) beliefs about family planning; and 2) family planning attitudes and behavior. The interviews were based upon principles derived from an expectancy X value theory of behavior and from Milton Rosenbergs affective-cognitive consistency theory of attitudes. 2 independent variable expectancy X value measures were used. The expectancy X value-(perceived consequences) uses only the advantages which the respondent herself mentions as effects that she believes follow from the use of birth control while the expectancy X value-(ideal life) measure asks the interviewee to consider the relevance of birth control to her important goals and aspirations for the future. The relationships between the 2 independent variables and the 3 dependent variables (willingness to influence others to use birth control principal method of birth control used and attitude toward birth control) were tested by chi square; and the strength of relationship was estimated by gamma. It was found that for both whites and Negroes the 2 belief indices were related to birth control attitudes and to willingness to influence others to use birth control. Theoretical methodological and practical implications of the findings are discussed.


High pressure interfacial tensions of methane+nitrogen/water system are measured by the pendent drop method on a modified JEFRI high pressure interfacial tension apparatus under the conditions of 298~373 K and 1~30 MPa respectively. The effects of gas composition, temperature and pressure on the interfacial tension of the studied system are investigated. The interfacial tension between methane+nitrogen and water decreases when temperature, pressure and the methane content in gas mixtures increase. The linear gradient theory is used to calculate the interfacial tension of the system. The predicted results of interfacial tensions of the system are in food agreement with the experimental data.


Motivated by the need for at-wavelength observation of extreme ultraviolet (EUV) lithography masks, we developed a full-field EUV microscope that has a multilayer-mirror objective. This objective is based on an innovative optical design that gives a magnification of over ×1400, enabling us to use a conventional charge-coupled device (CCD) camera as the detector. In addition, when the objective is corrected for off-axis aberrations, it has a large field of view of a few hundred micrometers, permitting rapid inspection of a whole mask. We demonstrate this novel design by presenting at-wavelength images of a mask.


Trade liberalization in recent years has been part of important world agenda in an attempt to create an unlimited relationship. The endogenous growth literature provides persuasive support that stresses the importance of international trade levels for economic growth. This research uses endogenous growth approach to analyze the effect of international trade on manufacturing industry sector of Indonesia, and importantly to find out the impact in relation to trade liberalization in 1985. The panel data is used and the trade deregulation policy is captured by using dummy variable. A piecewise linear regression model is applied. Observation covers 26 manufacturing sectors between 1979 and 1997. In general, the results show that trade variables used to measure productivity growth rate have small effect on output growth. There is also a positive effect of export growth in one year time lag on productivity but it lesser than that of the imported input growth. We confirm that trade deregulation in 1985 contribute to the increase in productivity of the manufacturing sectors, especially the export oriented firms. Nevertheless, the relatively smaller effect of trade variables than production variables can be a sign of low productivity rate in international trade that is expected to lead the growth of Indonesian manufacturing industry. Keywords: Trade liberalization, productivity, growth, Indonesian manufacturing industry.


ABSTRACT An important question is how chemotherapy may (re-)activate tumor-specific immunity. In this study, we provide a phenotypic, functional and genomic analysis of tumor-specific CD8+ T cells in tumor (P815)-bearing mice, treated or not with cyclophosphamide. Our data show that chemotherapy favors the development of effector-type lymphocytes in tumor bed, characterized by higher KLRG-1 expression, lower PD-1 expression and increased cytotoxicity. This suggests re-engagement of T lymphocytes into the effector program. IFN-I appears involved in this remodeling. Our findings provide some insight into how cyclophosphamide regulates the amplitude and quality of tumor-specific immune responses.


The evolution of social parasitism in ants remains a
controversial topic despite nearly 200 years of study and
discussion. A lack of the details of socially parasitic behavior
and phylogenies of socially parasitic groups are the greatest
hindrances to understanding the evolution of this behavior. In this
dissertation I address these problems for a group of North American
ants, Lasius (Acanthomyops). I review social parasitism in ants,
summarizing what we know and identifying the problems with the
available data including distributional data. I present a study of
socially parasitic behavior for my group of interest, as well as a
phylogeny based on morphology and molecules. Finally, I discuss the
implications of my findings on the evolution of social parasitism
within the context of Emery's Rule.


SeHCAT (a taurine conjugate of a synthetic bile acid-homotaurocholate-containing the isotope selenium 75) has been used by the Authors to study the effects of extensive ileal resection on bowel function. 12 patients with ileal bladder were investigated 6–12 months following the operation; 4 of them also underwent the medical test prior to the operation, to ascertain integrity of the enterohepatic circle. 7 patients showed a failure of the enterohepatic circle, 3 patients were borderline, and the last 2 were normal. However none of them had clinical symptoms. On the basis of our data SeHCAT may be used for long-term study of patients with ileal bladder, and in the case of poor symptomatic situations the nutritional future of these patients can be monitored. The present method can be applied to selecting candidates for orthotopic bladder, since patients with intestinal malabsorption should be excluded from this type of ileal bladder diversion.


Summary: The rabbit isolated lateral saphenous vein (RLSV) has a heterogeneous population of &agr;‐adrenoceptors. Responses to electrical field stimulation, in the presence of cocaine, exhibit both &agr;1‐ and &agr;2‐adreno‐ceptor‐mediated components. The present study examined sympathetic neuroeffector transmission and the response to exogenous catecholamines after inhibition of nitric oxide (NO) synthesis with N&ohgr;‐nitro‐L‐arginine methyl ester (l‐NAME). A comparison of the response in the presence and absence of a functional endothelium was also carried out. l‐NAME potentiated the first and second components of the response to nerve stimulation on the order of 300 and 500%, respectively. l‐NAME also significantly potentiated responses to norepinephrine (NE), phenylephrine (PE), and UK 14304. Selective antagonism of the first phase was seen with prazosin (&agr;1‐antagonist, 0.1 μM) and the second phase with rauwolscine (&agr;2‐antagonist, 1 μM). In the presence of l‐NAME, the remaining (uninhibited) components were potentiated. Removal of endothelial function induced by gentle rubbing of the intimal surface abolished potentiation to exogenous NE, PE, and UK14304 by l‐NAME. However, a significant degree of potentiation of the neurogenic response was observed in the rubbed tissues in response to l‐NAME. This suggests that there may be a nonendothelial source of NO that can modulate the neurogenic response to electrical field stimulation.


Because of the geometry associated with the forward-scatter method for observing meteors via radio, knowing the radiation pattern of the involved antennas is essential to obtain parameters of scientific interest such as the meteoroid flux density. In this paper results of simulations of the antennas belonging to the Belgian RAdio Meteor Stations network (BRAMS) that are directly managed by the Belgian Institute for Space Aeronomy (BISA) are presented, as well as plans for verifying their patterns using an Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV).


GEM's promoting function to enterprise innovation includes agglomeration effect and cultivation effect.In this paper,I use the treatment effect model to control GEM variable endogeneity bias,by collecting respectively 201 SMEs and 179 GEM board listed Corporation data from 2007 to 2011,make empirical research and examine whether GEM promote enterprise innovation ability.The empirical result shows that GEM's agglomeration effect to enterprise innovative is obvious,but its cultivation effect is not ideal.Finally,according to empirical results,I put forward policy and suggestion for next step of construction of GEM.


Allium Sativum is a perennial plant with narrow flat leaves and several small bulbs, known as clove, enclosed in a white skin. Allium sativum belongs to the family Amaryllidaceae. The objective of the study was to determine the anticancer properties of ethanolic extract of allium sativum against human cancer cell lines. The cytotoxic activities of the ethanolic extract of bulb of Allium sativum determined by SRB assay. A comparative study was done with two other Cell Line namely Central Nervous System Cell Line and Colon Cancer Cell Line. The cytotoxic activity shown by the ethanolic extract of Allium sativum against Human Cancer Cell Lines SF-295, Colon 502713, and Colo-205, were 0 %, 54 %, 6 %, respectively. The maximum cytotoxic activity shown against Human Cancer Cell Lines Colon 502713 was 54 %.


The impact of climate change on the territory and population is only increasing every year. Extreme weather events are expected to be repetitive and difficult to predict. New research shows that the effects of global warming are felt in large cities, at least twice as strong as in rural areas. That is why taking the necessary precautionary measures becomes an urgent task. The key, according to researchers, is adaptation and prevention. The authors of the article, analyzing the prerequisites and consequences of climate change, propose a scheme of organizational and economic mechanisms to counteract climate change in complex urban environments.
Long-term goals include reducing urban heat islands through urban planning and climate-friendly home design to create a conducive, non-air-conditioned environment. In order to maximize the effectiveness of such adaptation measures, active multidisciplinary collaboration is required with the involvement of professionals in many industries. The assessment of the impact of climate change on the environment and human health has identified a number of gaps in knowledge and problems in the implementation of appropriate health measures.
The article substantiates the relevance of climate change research in Ukraine. In addition, the main results of the research on population safety in the global climate change are summarized. Factors of the impact of global climate change on the environment, man, society, economy and complex agglomerations are highlighted. The consequences of climate change of natural, economic and social nature are presented. Directions and measures to adapt natural and socio-economic systems to global climate change are substantiated. The classification of the mechanisms of counteraction and mitigation of the negative effects of global climate change is given.


The focus on timber species as the main source of raw material for wood based panel is alarming. This research work evaluated the effect of particle sizes on bamboo particleboard. The study was carried out in the Scientific Equipment Development Institution, Awkuke Enugu State. Laboratory tests were conducted both for physical and mechanical properties of the board at the Fredrick Research Centre, Agbani in Enugu state. Board density, moisture content and weight were variables measured for physical properties while internal bond, Modulus of elasticity (MOE), Modulus of rupture (MOR) were measured for mechanical properties using Shimadzu Universal Testing Machine. Data collected were analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA) and significant means separated with Duncan Multiple Range Test (DMRT) at 5% level of probability. Results recorded that T1 (fine particle) at 1.0 mm had higher values of MOR, MOE and internal bonding at 29.57, 1958.10 and 1.54 respectively followed by T3 (mixture of fine and coarse) and T2 (coarse particles). T2 had the highest moisture content of 8.22%, followed by T3 8.05% and T1 7.91% while T1 had the highest density (0.364g/cm3) and weight of 1.13 kg respectively. This study showed that particleboard made of fine particles (T1) of bamboo at 1.0 mm had better properties than T2and T3 in terms of their mechanical properties and physical properties with the exception of moisture content. It could be proposed that the finer the particles, the higher the strength of the board, thus recommends that smaller particles sizes like 0.5mm, 0.1mm and 0.3mm be used to increase the board strength.


In this essay, the researchers explore the careers of four foundational figures in sport management, who received training as historians. Drawing on a wide range of primary and secondary sources, we illustrate how Earle Zeigler, Guy Lewis, Stephen Hardy, and Lawrence Fielding helped create the field of Sport Management with insights drawn from business historians, especially those at the Harvard Business School. Overall, we claim that sport business history can serve to help frame much of the field and is vitally relevant to the study of the sports industry. Furthermore, we advocate that the study of history be included as a prominent area within sport management curriculums. To support this assertion, we elucidate the importance of the historical case-study approach to sport management.


children in the context of psychological and pedagogical and literary disciplines is an important factor of formation of literary criticism, psychological and pedagogical and methodological competence of future teachers of Ukrainian language and literature. The problem of development of students' scientific abilities on the material of their research of the works for children requires more detailed consideration.


This paper examines changes in the distributions of earnings of employees in the Malaysian manufacturing sector, using the Malaysian Employee Survey data from the World Bank with a sample size of slightly more than 10,000 respondents. Conventional OLS estimations answer questions such as 'Does years of education affect salary?'
Quantile estimations however, address questions such as 'does years of education affect salary differently for those at the upper end of the salary distribution (the relative winners) than for those at its lower end (the relative losers)
and the middle-income workers (the averages)?', where the effects of years of education on a particular earning quantile (or group) can be compared to those on other salary quantiles. Heterogeneity across different salary quantiles can therefore be studied.


There has been increasing interest in exploiting the pulsed laser rangefinder (LRF) for military electrical-optics systems. With regard to the LRF for military use, it is very important to gain the constant detective probability. However, the effects of atmospherical optical turbulence can degrade the performance. The irradiance fluctuations, one of the effects of atmospherical optical turbulence, can be a limiting factor for pulsed LRF. In this paper, the effects of the refractive index structure parameter Cn, inner scale l0, laser wavelength λ and receiver aperture size dr on the received power scintillation and on the detective probability density of 1.06μm LRF were numerical simulated. The results of our numerical simulation can provide the theoretical considerations for reasonable setting, optimal designing and quantitative testing the system performance specifications of the pulsed LRF.


Geometries and bonding energies have been calculated at the B3LYP/3-21G** and B3LYP/DZVP2 levels in a series of [M(η6-C6H6)]n+ complexes where M = Ti, Cr, Co (n = 0), V (n = 3), Fe (n = 0, 2), Ni (n = 0, 2, 4), and Cu (n = 1) with C6v or near C6v symmetry. Metal−benzene bonding is discussed on the basis of MO perturbation schemes. A correlation between the total benzene charge and the frequency shift of the E1 ring vibration (experimentally at 1483 cm-1 for isolated benzene) is evidenced, allowing interpretation of experimental data.


A re-examination of the root of Aconitumchasmanthum Stapf has shown that it contains several alkaloids. Of these, besides indaconitine, the presence of which had been reported long ago, four new alkaloids have been isolated: base A (C26H43O6N), base B (C25H41O6N), chasmaconitine (C34H47O9N), and chasmanthinine (C36H49O9N). Chasmaconitine gives rise to bikhaconine on hydrolysis, and has been shown by conversion to delphinine to be N-ethyl-N-desmethyl-delphinine. Chasmanthinine is also hydrolyzable to bikhaconine. Whereas in chasmaconitine bikhaconine is esterified with acetic and benzoic acid, in chasmanthinine it is esterified with acetic and trans-cinnamic acid. The complete structures and absolute configurations of both bases are derived.


............................................................................................................................................................................. By Fourier's theorem, signals can be decomposed into a sum of sinusoids of different frequencies. This is especially relevant for hearing, because the inner ear performs a form of mechanical Fourier transform by mapping frequencies along the length of the cochlear partition. An alternative signal decomposition, originated by Hilbert, is to factor a signal into the product of a slowly varying envelope and a rapidly varying fine time structure. Neurons in the auditory brainstem – 6 sensitive to these features have been found in mammalian physiological studies. To investigate the relative perceptual importance of envelope and fine structure, we synthesized stimuli that we call 'auditory chimaeras', which have the envelope of one sound and the fine structure of another. Here we show that the envelope is most important for speech reception, and the fine structure is most important for pitch perception and sound localization. When the two features are in conflict, the sound of speech is heard at a location determined by the fine structure, but the words are identified according to the envelope. This finding reveals a possible acoustic basis for the hypothesized 'what' and 'where' pathways in the auditory cortex – . Combinations of features from different sounds have been used in the past to produce new, hybrid sounds for use in electronic music. Our aim in combining features from different sounds was to study the perceptual relevance of the envelope and fine structure in different acoustic situations. To synthesize auditory chimaeras, two sound waveforms are used as inputs. A bank of band-pass filters is used to split each sound into 1 to 64 complementary frequency bands spanning the range 80–8,820 Hz. Such splitting into frequency bands resembles the Fourier analysis performed by the cochlea and by processors for cochlear implants. The output of each filter is factored into its envelope and fine structure using the Hilbert transform (see Methods). The envelope of each filter output from the first sound is then multiplied by the fine structure of the corresponding filter output from the second sound. These products are finally summed over all frequency bands to produce an auditory chimaera that is made up of the envelope of the first sound and the fine structure of the second sound in each band. The primary variable in this study is the number of frequency bands, which is inversely related to the width of each band. A block diagram of chimaera synthesis is shown in Fig. 1 with example waveforms for a single frequency band. For an audio demonstration of auditory chimaeras, see ref. 13. Speech is a robust signal that can be perturbed in many different ways while remaining intelligible. Speech chimaeras were created by combining either a speech sentence and noise or by combining two separate speech sentences. The speech material comprised sentences from the Hearing in Noise Test (HINT). Speech – noise chimaeras were synthesized from individual HINT sentences and spectrally matched noise. These chimaeras contain speech information in either their envelope or their fine structure. Speech–speech chimaeras were synthesized from two different HINT sentences of similar duration. The envelope of each speech–speech chimaera contains information about one utterance; its fine structure contains information about another. Listening tests with speech–noise chimaeras showed that speech reception is highly dependent on the number of frequency bands used for synthesis (Fig. 2). When speech information is contained solely in the envelope, speech reception is poor with one or two frequency bands and improves as the number of bands increases. Good performance (.85% word recognition) is achieved with as few as four frequency bands, consistent with previous findings that bands of noise modulated by speech envelope can produce good speech reception with very limited spectral information. In contrast, when speech information is only contained in the fine structure, speech reception is generally better with fewer frequency bands. The best performance is achieved with two bands; performance then deteriorates as the number of bands increases until, with eight or more bands, there is essentially no speech reception. Good performance with one and two frequency bands of fine structure is consistent with previous findings that peak-clipping (which flattens out the envelope) does not severely degrade speech reception. Poorer performance with increasing numbers of bands is consistent with the auditory system's insensitivity to the fine structure of critical-band signals at high frequencies. Speech–speech chimaeras measure the relative salience of the speech information transmitted through the envelope and fine structure when the two types of information are conflicting. Even though speech–speech chimaeras are constructed with two distinct


The tribological properties of 40CrNiMo and H13 steel under condition of dry friction and wear were studied by using vertical universal friction and wear tester with SiC ceramic ball as couple pair.The worn surface was examined by scan electrical microscope(SEM).Experimental results show that H13 steel possesses better antiwear property than that of 40CrNiMo.The wear mechanism is plastic deformation and spalling.The residual austenite microstructure in 40CrNiMo has a good plastic deformation ability in respect of its strength and hardness.Serious plastic deformation in the local contact area results in metal protrusion on the fringe of the sliding track.The residual austenite maybe transforms into brittle martensite during friction and wear,which may cause increase of the wear mass loss.Dispersive carbides and lower content of the residual austenite can remarkably improve the antiwear property for 13 steel.


Deploying only one static sink in Wireless Sensor Networks has many drawbacks,such as imbalanced network energy consumption,short network lifetime,and large packet loss rate.This paper proposes a new and feasible multi-sink relocation algorithm EEMSR to resolve the above shortcomings.The EEMSR algorithm moves the multiple sinks to the optimal position respectively in the whole network lifetime by means of approximation gradually and cooperation.The simulation result shows that the application of the EEMSR algorithm can prolong the network lifetime enormously and enhance the packet delivery ratio greatly.


Based on the transfer of trust chain,an effective APK repeating signature algorithm is proposed on the application security management platform in this paper. The proposed algorithm signs the security detection APK file repeated by utilizing the official private key on the basis of the traditional APK signature algorithm,after signature APK file can be through the official safety certification. Thus it can be guaranteed security,integrity and nonrepudiation of the signature APK files. Results of the tests show that the proposed algorithm can speed up the rate of signature and verifier signature efficiently compared with the method of signing the whole APK file, and promote Android users' satisfaction when the APK application program is installed. Moreover,it has good flexibility,extensibility,higher application value and popularization value.


A methodology is proposed for selecting the best training set, the best classifier and the best set of parameters associated to the classifier. A performance indicator is defined from measures of signatures separability, accuracy between signatures in the training set and in the classified final image, and probability that a pixel belongs to the class which has been assigned. The theoretical description of the suggested methodology has been proved using a image from the Fourier time series analysis. The algorithm has been executed and the obtained results for the best and the worst classifier have been analyzed and evaluated.


Based on the analyses of present situation of the development of Lycium barbarum in Ningxia industry,the problems existing in development of integration are analyzed.A way is proposed to promote Lycium barbarum industry integration and benefit to its development,such as that,to extend Lycium barbarum industry chain with leading enterprise as key,to strengthen Lycium barbarum raw material production and base construction with multi-level comprehensive ways to meet deep processing requirements of Lycium barbarum enterprise,to implement brand construction and propaganda on the base of Lycium barbarum origin advantages,try to form the perfect marketing channels and marketing network,and more.


This paper investigates the electromagnetic interference shielding effect and wearing comfort properties of a sandwich material consisting of a surface layer, an electromagnetic interference shielding layer, a thermal insulation layer, and a lining layer. The main aim is to research its potential as a winter jacket's material for shielding electromagnetic radiation and the relationship between single-layer fabric samples and multi-layer sandwich materials under different properties. Experimentally, it is found that the electromagnetic interference shielding effectiveness of the sandwich materials is only determined by the electromagnetic interference shielding layer fabric sample, the other layers' fabric samples have no significant impact on the electromagnetic interference shielding effect. In this paper, the air permeability of the sandwich materials is 25 to 50% lower than that of the single-layer fabric samples with the lowest air permeability in their combination. And the water vapor resistance of the sandwich materials is 40 to 60% higher than that of the single-layer fabric samples with the highest water vapor resistance in their combination. The thermal resistances of the sandwich materials measured by the Alambeta are lower than those calculated by the sum of the individual layers' thermal resistance, which may be caused by the reduction in the internal air of the sandwich materials. Finally, the quality index evaluation is used to select the most suitable sandwich material for the winter jacket against electromagnetic radiation, which achieves the purpose of balancing the electromagnetic interference shielding effect and wearing comfort.


The characterization of three films, ethylene vinyl alcohol (EVOH), polylactic acidpolyhydroxybutyrate (PLA-PHB) and polylactic acid-polyhydroxybutyrate-Fennel oil blends (PLA-PHB-FEN) were profiled and compared through the mechanical properties tests and active properties tests. The results showed that mechanical properties of these films are almost comparable to each other except elongation at break and oxygen transmission rate (OTR). The elongation at break value of EVOH is 212.70±49.41% while that of PLA-PHB with or without fennel oil is around 5%, which means EVOH has a 40-fold greater endurance to strain than PLAPHB. The OTR value of EVOH is 6.51 cm/m·d·0.1MPa when PLA-PHB has a 513.9 cm/m·d·0.1MPa transmission rate, however, it is noticeable that the addition of fennel oil has significantly improved the OTR, that is 253.25 cm/m·d·0.1MPa. Active properties tests were also conducted including releasing, antioxidant and bactericidal tests, indicating that PLA-PHBFEN film is more applicable on oily foods, and fennel oil contributed to an 8% antioxidant ability and one log antibacterial ability comparing to PLA-PHB film.


The Comprehensive Assistive Technology model was devised to describe the full social and engineering context of assistive technology devices, systems, applications, and provision. It is based on a detailed decomposition of the four attributes: Person, Context, Activities, and Assistive Technology. The paper commences will a brief discussion of the different representations of the model, including tree-diagrams, labelled attributes and tables and the use of engineering block diagrams to supplement some elements of the description. The main contribution of the paper is the presentation of four case studies of different applications of the model. These are the identification of accessibility barriers, the analysis and synthesis of assistive technology systems and the provision of a framework for identifying end-user requirements, providing assistive technology and assessing the associated outcomes. This case study involves the presentation of the novel concept of a personal assistive technology profile.


The human dimension of leadership is presented through the holistic systemic psychological approach, that helps to understand the effective leadership. The effective leadership requires the capacity to respond in an adaptive manner to emergent, dynamic, and complex situations. This capacity depends on the readiness of leaders to gain and develop new skills and strategies to deal with the complexities and changes. The previous empirical researchs on the determinants of the effectiveness of leadership focused on discrete traits or behavior, but this approach has limited results because often defined dimensions which are closely defined in their associations with leadership. In fact, the effective leadership depends on the ability to respond in an adaptive manner to dynamic and complex situations (Kotter, 1990). Accordingly, a holistic approach to leadership is proposed, in which the entire organization of a persons is considered as larger, but different from the sum of its parts. Accordingly, a holistic approach to leadership is proposed, in which the entire organization of a person is considered as larger, but also different from the sum of its parts. The holistic system approach determines the quality and role of the constituents so that the appearance properties at all different levels become causally real in its own form. The psychological construct of holistic and active coping (Shanan, 1990) is used to demonstrate the conceptual relationship between personality structure and effective leadership. The paper presents proposals for the general psychological model of leadership and empirical findings on the model's efficiency are outlined.


CoFe2O4, the single-phase nano crystalline materials, has potential applications in information storage, sensors and actuators. This ferrite has a tetragonal P4mm crystallographic structure and having crystallite size 42 nm. The CoFe2O4 is prepared by different techniques. The spinal structure of dielectric and hysteresis study disclosed ferroelectric nature over a broad spectrum of frequency and temperature with low dielectric loss. Based on Spinal structure phase metal oxides, a distinct range of properties became useful for different applications. Spinal structure materials have attractive characteristics in electrical conductivity, dielectric constant, dielectric loss, structural, and magnetic properties. Spinal structure materials showed efficient essential properties for photovoltaic solar cells.


Interactive courseware encourages student participation and active learning. Prior research and teaching experience has shown that IT students prefer to learn information security in a hands-on manner. How do we offer information security as a distance learning course while give students the similar hands-on teaching and learning style as we do in a traditional classroom or lab? This paper discusses our experience in developing Web-based multimedia and interactive courseware for an undergraduate information security course. The courseware is based on a simple yet powerful software tool called MICS (Multimedia and Interactive Courseware Synthesizer), designed for generating multimedia and interactive courseware for science and engineering students. We report in this paper our experience in designing such a course development tool and in using the courseware in our IT curricula.


Objective To evaluate prognostic significance of venous invasion in rectal cancer.Methods Four hundreds eighty foru consecutive patients with rectal cancer were treated by the abdominoperineal resection(APR)(356 patients)and the low anterior resection(LAR)(128 patients)between 1990 and 1996.Venous invasion was evaluated both univariately and multivariately from the perspectives of oncologic outcome in an effort to determine the independent prognostic tumor variables.Results The overall recurrence rate was 14 5%,among which 44 4% for venous invasion.The cumulative 5 years survival rate for all patients was 71 1% and 29% for venous invasion.The resulting multivariate analysis using Cox regression showed that venous invasion was significantly (P0 001) associated with the 5 years survial,and was an independent propnostic tumor variable.Conclusion Venous invasion identified in multivariate analysis as bearing the strongest independent effect on the 5 years survival in rectal cancer.These may help assess individual prognosis and select patients for adjuvant systemic treatment after potentially curative surgery.


Liquid ventilation (LV) with oxygenated fluorocarbon (RIMAR 101R) was utilized to develop an extrauterine preterm lamb model. Fifteen preterm lambs ranging in age from 106 to 142 days gestation (0.70 to 0.95 gestation) were studied. At elective cesarean section, the fetal carotid artery, jugular vein and trachea were cannulated. The umbilical cord was clamped and the lamb was liquid ventilated through the tracheostomy. Controlled LV was delivered over 2 hrs at an FRC = 30 ml/kg; tidal volume = 15 ml/kg; frequency = 5-9 brth/min. Normothermia was maintained by radiant (heat lamp) and convective (warmed liquid fluorocarbon) heat exchange. Dextrose (6 mg/kg/min) and bicarbonate (1 mEq/kg/hr) were continuously infused. Hemodynamic parameters during LV ranged from: heart rate = 146-202 b/min; mean arterial pressure = 40-80 mmHg; central venous pressure = 0.7-9.8 mm/Hg; O2 consumption = 1.38-11.8 ml/min/kg. Stable gas exchange was demonstrated with; PaO2 = 158-222 mmHg; PaCO2 = 34-38 mmHg; and pH = 7.28-7.39. The extrauterine model provides general accessibility of the preterm animal thus enabling the necessary instrumentation for comprehensive evaluation. Of further importance, the viability of preterm animals is extended to an earlier gestational age, thereby enlarging the scope of developmental research. (Supported by NIH Grant HL22843 and 5T32HL0741405)


Despite a brief career, the writer Sophie Cottin (1770-1807) enjoyed a dazzling but prodigious literary fame during the First Empire. Nevertheless, works on the reception of this French scholar in the Iberian Peninsula remain almost non-existent. It would seem that she went unnoticed by contemporary Spanish critics, except for an incomplete list of translations published in the mid-19th century. Thus, this first research by way of an outline will attempt to investigate how Cottin's work was received, the translations, the various reissues, and ad-aptations of her works in Spanish, during the period of 1810-1850.


Floodplains have been affected by human impacts on a global scale. Restoration projects of floodplain have been conducted all over the world. The Azamenose which locates on middle and lower part of the Matsuura river is one of the projects in Japan. As there is little knowledge about floodplain restoration, it seems to be important to conduct scientific monitoring and estimation on some restoration project sites. The purposes of this study are to examine seasonal fluctuations of water quality in Azamenose, and to identify effective factors of the fluctuations. At first, we observed seasonal fluctuations of water quality (water temperature, water level, pH, DO, nutrients). Secondly, we observed coverage of aquatic plants in the field. The results indicated that the main factors of water quality fluctuations were flood and vegetation. We considered that flood increased nutrients level and decreased water temperature in Azamenose. Moreover, we speculated that DO level decreased drastically in summer due to the rank growth of water chestnut (Trapa japonica).


Objective To investigate vasculardementia(VD) risk factors and clinical treatment. Methods 85 cases who were treated by medication,rehabilitation,hyperbaric oxygen therapy and other comprehensive treatments were selected and analyzed and summaried.Analyzed risk factors such as hypertension, diabetes, coronary heart,transient ischemic attack and other relationships with VD. Used MMSE, HDS, BDS, ADI scale to evalute the efficacy.Results After comprehensive treatments,85 cases' clinical symptoms of dementia all had significant improvement.MMSE,HDS,ADI score was significantly higher than before the treatment, the difference had statistically significant(P 0.05),BDS score decreased significantly than before the treatment,the difference had statistically significant(P 0.05). Conclusion Anemia,hypertension,diabetes, transient ischemic attacks and coronary heart disease have relation with VD,each of them may be an independent risk factor for VD.Comprehensive treatment measures can significantly improve the therapeutic effect of VD.


Results of the research of perspective of rail travel transportation organization in Zakarpattya region from a position of influence on potential environmental objects in the sphere of influence of railway infrastructure are given in the article. On the basis of geographic information systems and database management systems it is developed information analytical decision support system to ensure a high environmental level of tourist traffic against a background of economic profitability – «SAER»


roughly the size of Minnesota, most of which is wetland habitat underlain by permafrost and part of which contains the largest operating oil fields in the United States. The nearshore and offshore waters of the Chukchi and Beaufort seas add another 295 000 km 2 (114 000 mi 2 ) and hold what may be the largest undeveloped oil reserves remaining in the United States. The region is home to an abundant and diverse array of fish, wildlife, and plants, resources that sup port the vibrant subsistence culture of about 6000 Inupiat Eskimos. The caribou herds that summer on the North Slope are an important food resource for Inupiat communities, as are some native plants, bowhead whales, beluga whales, four species of ice seals, and walruses living in the Beaufort and Chukchi seas. Further, Alaska's North Slope is at the forefront of global climate change, with an increase in mean annual temperature of about 1˚C per decade in Barrow, Alaska (ACRC, 2008). Federal, state, and local agencies manage the biotic and abiotic resources of the North Slope to maintain fish and wildlife populations and their habitats while also allowing energy development. The laws and regulations applied by government agencies managing the North Slope are rigorous, complex, and often controversial. Appropriate management requires information that can be gained only through applied research. We provide a brief history of applied research on the North Slope, introduce the North Slope Science Initiative (NSSI) as an organization tasked with improving the coordination of science across the region, and posit applied science priorities that are essential for successful and informed management.


In a series of experiments involving the bombardment of acetylene by a-particles from radon, crystals were sometimes observed by electron microscopy. The deposits were collected directly upon prepared electron microscope specimen screens and examined as deposited without manipulation. The acetylene was purified before use and, after the chamber had been exhausted by a mercury diffusion pump-Cenco Megavac combination, was introduced into it under known conditions of temperature and pressure. Within the chamber was a sealed, thin-walled, glass bulb which housed a known activity of radon. This bulb allowed transmission of the a-particles without intimate mixing of the radon with the reacting gas. The chamber itself was protected thermally within a closed, insulated container, and the reaction was allowed to continue long enough to give a visible deposit. No precautions were exercised to minimize the presence of oxygen except those implicit in the foregoing. There was no metal in the system except the small amount in the nickel screens themselves; other than this the system was entirely of glass. The particular experiments which produced the crystals were done in a confined space within the chamber. By a confined space is meant that the prepared screens were placed in a line within a piece of glass tubing open at one end (Fig. 1). The radon bulb was sealed into the other end of the tube, and the line of screens was less than 2 mm below it. The crystal deposits shown in Figs. 2 and 3 were collected in a reaction with C2H2 at a pressure of 35 mm of Hg, at 270 C with 6.7 me of radon. The reaction took 2 days and 18?1 hours to complete. Nine screens were used, and deposit was found only on numbers 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 at a distance from the source of the radiation. Number 5 was a distance of 0.7 cm from the bulb. Screens 6, 7, 8, and 9 closer to the bulb and toward the closed end of the tube held no deposit. Although a great percentage of the screens contained viscous droplets of the same nature as those reported in reference 1 (with other interesting variants to be reported separately), the deposits sometimes contained crystals (Figs. 2 and 3). Under the confined conditions of the experiment, single particles were observed in the deposits, contrary to runs made under other conditions. There was no chaining, and a remarkable distribution of separated particles was observed. The particle size was markedly greater on screens 1, 4, and 5 than on 2 or 3. There is no explanation for this variation of particle size with location of the screen with reference to the bulb, unless it involves the relative concentration of gas and a-particles at the various locations along the closed tube, all other conditions being constant.


This article examines the landings of Pirandello in Argentina as a key episode to think about his role and reception in Buenos Aires during his two South American tournees in 1927 and 1933. Through the reading of different journalistic Chronicles, we propose firstly to reconstruct the guest's calendar, secondly to study his welcome by the Buenos Aires intellectual field of the 20's and 30's and, finally, to link his apolitical speeches with the Italian fascism interested in imposing its control over the Latin-American "colonies".


Person entity attributes association is a basic task in WePS, but it's still a challenging task because of heterogeneous web pages which can be classified into two categories, list page and detail page. In this paper, we study the problem of associating person entity attributes in various list pages. Our target is to find a consolidated solution as general as possible to deal with list pages in person entity attributes association. In contrast to most existing methods, we extract visual features and leverage Markov logic networks (MLNs) to effectively integrate all useful evidence by learning there importance automatically. The experimental results show a very encouraging performance.


Introduction 1 GETTING TO KNOW YOU 1.1 Class diaries 1.2 I'd like you to meet 1.3 Birthday line up 1.4 Promises, promises 1.5 Find someone who... 1.6 Alphabet line 1.7 Question boxes 2 LETTERS AND NUMBERS 2.1 Alphaboxes 2.2 Alphabet quiz 2.3 Miss a letter 2.4 Fraction dominoes 2.5 Big number battleships 2.6 Grey elephants from Denmark 2.7 Where shall we go? 2.8 Right and left 2.9 Running treasure hunt 3 SPELLING AND PRONUNCIATION 3.1 Masterspell 3.2 Chainspell 3.3 Cluster OXO 3.4 Phonic bingo 3.5 Picture letters 3.6 Speller's bluff 3.7 Forced to finish 3.8 The words we hate 4 VOCABULARY AND MEANING 4.1 Patchworking 4.2 Theme alphabets 4.3 Meaning bluff 4.4 Categories 4.5 Wordboxes 4.6 Cover the word 4.7 Wordgraphs 4.8 Homophone stories 5 WRITING ACTIVITIES 5.1 Writing to music 5.2 Describe and arrannge 5.3 Story maze 5.4 Tracker books 5.5 Sentence building 5.6 Writing reality 5.7 Silent dictation 6 GRAMMAR ACTIVITIES 6.1 What did she say? 6.2 Gridwork 6.3 It might have been murder 6.4 Starship Con 3 6.5 I'd rather be a hammer than a saw 6.6 What would you do if? 6.7 All change 6.8 Pass the passive 7 CONTROLLED COMMUNICATION ACTIVITIES 7.1 Aliens 7.2 Dictadraw 7.3 That's mine 7.4 When the alarm went off 7.5 Fast food 7.6 Which school do you go to? 7.7 Meet my class 8 LONGER PROJECTS 8.1 Photostories 8.2 Picture gallery 8.3 Balloon debate 8.4 Wall newspapers 8.5 Listen and tell 8.6 'She's leaving home' 8.7 Read all about it! 8.8 The good food guide


Objective:To understand the sharing situation and problems of medical cyclotron in Shanghai.Methods:Seven public hospitals as samples were chosen,four of which had medical cyclotron.Results:There were four models of medical cyclotron utilization,including positive sharing,negative sharing,self-sufficient and negative sharing,and non-sharing.The main problems confronted with current sharing mechanism were as follows :lack of motivation for high level hospitals to share;limited room to expand sharing;a uniform and standard sharing network was not formed;the interest conflicts among hospitals.Conclusion:Present sharing mechanism of medical cyclotron was not found in Shanghai.The analysis suggests that efforts should be made to construct a sharing platform among hospitals to improve rational use of medical cyclotron.


This chapter covers definitions of urticaria, angioedema (acute and chronic), and dermographism. Urticaria pathogenesis and causes/trigger factors are discussed (idiopathic, drugs, contact, allergic, physical, and possible associated systemic diseases). Assessment is highlighted and guidance given on investigations. The urticaria management section covers general recommendations, first-line therapy (including antihistamines, and where appropriate for severe cases systemic steroids and adrenaline) and second-line treatments (leukotriene receptor antagonists, anti-IgE therapy, and systemic immunosuppressive agents). Angioedema subtypes (ordinary, hereditary, and acquired) are discussed, relevant investigations, and also management of both acute angioedema and therapies used for prophylaxis. The anaphylaxis section covers the definition, symptoms, and management, including adrenaline actions, age-related doses and current injectable devices, antihistamine, and steroid age-appropriate doses, and general supportive measures. A separate section covers the differential diagnoses of urticarial rashes, including neonatal and infantile rashes, moving annular urticated rashes, fixed annular urticated rashes, urticarial rash with angioedema, and urticarial rashes with systemic symptoms, helping the reader to narrow down the possible differential diagnoses when confronted with a patient with an urticarial rash.


We study the asymptotic distribution of the fill‐up level in a binary trie built over n independent strings generated by a biased memoryless source. The fill‐up level is the number of full levels in a tree. A level is full if it contains the maximum allowable number of nodes (e.g., in a binary tree level k can have up to 2k nodes). The fill‐up level finds many interesting applications, e.g., in the internet IP lookup problem and in the analysis of level compressed tries (LC tries). In this paper, we present a complete asymptotic characterization of the fill‐up distribution. In particular, we prove that this distribution concentrates on one or two points around the most probably value k = ⌊log1/qn − log log log n + 1 + log log(p/q)⌋, where p > q = 1 − p is the probability of generating the more likely symbol (while q = 1 − p is the probability of the less likely symbol). We derive our results by analytic methods such as generating functions, Mellin transform, the saddle point method, and analytic depoissonization. We also present some numerical verification of our results. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Random Struct. Alg., 2004


We review the use of Ti:sapphire lasers to produce blue laser sources with particular emphasis on wavelengths useful for underwater communications. We discuss past designs as well as future prospects.


Data are obtained on the density of the normal component of a /sup 3/He--/sup 4/He solution with a /sup 3/He content of 1.01% at various pressures up to 20 atm. The data are used to study the character of the impurity branch of the dispersion law of elementary excitations. It is shown that, as in the case of saturated-vapor pressures, /sup 1,2/ at elevated pressures short-wave excitations should decay, emitting a roton in the process, with the value of the critical momentum corresponding to the decay depending weakly on the pressure.


An electronic device, wherein, while a video superposition unit (300B) is outputting a composite video signal (SGC) to a display unit (110), a control unit (210C): generates a video, as a first video, in which a second display object is arranged in a region that is in a layer below the uppermost layer and is the same as a display region for the second video portion of the composite video; monitors a change in the color of video within the region of the first video in which the second display object is arranged; and, when a change of color is detected, changes the display mode of the composite video.


Abstract : The overall audit objective was to evaluate whether the U.S. Pacific Command adequately planned for and managed year 2000 risks to avoid disruptions to its mission. Specifically, we evaluated the overall year 2000 program management and the management of contingency plans by the Alaskan Command.


Theoretically, a conventional 60/spl deg/ phase spread winding can be subdivided into two components, one of which is connected in star and the other in delta. The two components may occupy different electrical spacing. According to the new principle, a 3-phase induction motor is designed with the two winding components being connected in series to 3-phase power supply. Analysis has shown that this new type of machine has a high winding coefficient and low harmonic content. The winding can be arranged in technological short-pitch. The ratio of the number of effective turns and cross-sectional area between star and delta winding components should be theoretically in 1:/spl radic/3 and /spl radic/3:1 respectively, but slight difference is allowed in practice. The analysis of the MMF. harmonics proves that the harmonic content is remarkably reduced in the new winding. The tests of the prototype machines showed that the new type of the motors has an improved performance. Also, the test results showed that there is no overheating behaviour for new winding motors to operate at normal load.


In the current study, the chemical characterization of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) adsorbed on soot from premixed flames of synthetic paraffinic kerosene (SPK), conventional kerosene (Jet A-1), and Jet A-1/synthetic biofuel blends was carried out. Jet A-1 and SPK liquid fuels were analyzed with NMR to provide supporting information on their chemical composition. The analytical procedure used to characterize PAHs fraction in soot samples includes the following: (i) filtration of the soot samples diluted into n-hexane through PTFE filters, (ii) automated solid-phase extraction (A-SPE) for fractioning and cleaning-up the soot extracts, and (iii) chromatographic analysis of every fraction by reverse high-performance liquid chromatography (RPLC) with photodiode array (PDA) detection. Application of the aforementioned methodology allowed the identification of 78 compounds including indene, toluene, and 76 PAHs. Moreover, the relative abundance of five-membered-ring PAHs and alkyl PAHs was evaluated,...


An efficient synthesis of 2,4,5-trisubstituted imidazoles is achieved by three component cyclocondensation of 1,2-dicarbonyl compound, aldehyde and ammonium acetate using Ammonium chloride (NH 4 Cl) as a catalyst. The key advantages of this process are high yields, cost effectiveness of catalyst, easy work-up and purification of products by non-chromatographic method.


The article reveals the essence of the competency-based method in education and understanding of competence in general. The article examines the features of professional competence in general and professional competences of physical education teachers in particular. The component structure and the structure of professional competence of PE teachers is studied. The conditions (objective and subjective, external and internal) of the formation of professional competences of PE teachers are disclosed.


The authors describe how practicing school counselors can appropriately and effectively work with African American youth regarding forgiveness. Further, the authors discuss the challenges that African American youth face. They illuminate how school counselors can help emotionally injured African American youth. As a school counseling intervention the forgiveness process can be conducted in a manner that is congruent with, and sensitive to, the development of positive African American ethnic identity. The use of forgiveness in school counseling is described, including the theory (Enright, 2001), and a case study, related to a process model of forgiveness.


There has been much interest in feeding sugars to dairy cattle in the last few years. One difficulty has been that there is little information on how sugars fit with other ration components (protein fractions, fiber, starch, pectins, etc.), precisely what nutrients they provide to cattle, and what total levels of sugars are in rations. Precise information is not available on sugar feeding levels, or how they can be used to enhance production. This paper will provide some background on feeding sugar, from purified sources or molasses, a high sugar byproduct feed. The story is far from complete.


Abstract FOR the sake of convenience, the geneticist frequently divides hereditary characteristics into two types. Those with discrete limits of expression are inherited in a simple alternative manner and sometimes spoken of as qualitative characters. Such characters show a discontinuous variation and may be studied by simple Mendelian methods. The characters of greatest economic importance, such as weight, form, and production, are quantitative, show a continuous variation, and cannot be grouped into separate and distinct genetic classes. Such characters require special statistical treatment and a study of them is further complicated because of their extreme physiological and genetic complexity and the ease with which they are influenced by the environment. More definite information concerning the problems involved in the inheritance of size, form, growth, and egg production in the domestic fowl would be of considerable practical value to the poultry producer, as well as of scientific value in the field of . . .


The amount of data being digitally collected and stored by health information technology (health IT) is vast and expanding rapidly. How to convert this huge amount of resources into knowledge that can facilitate delivering the right intervention to the right patient, or how to bridge the gap between prevention research and practice, remain unclear. The objective of this study is to develop a Health Service Decision Toolbox (HSDT) that enables healthcare providers to integrate vast data sources collected by Health IT to improve confidence in decisions of whether or not to adopt an evidence-based intervention. HSDT can guide users through feeding massive health related data into several major input groups, such as healthcare providers, patient population, and intervention procedures. With the HSDT, we can successfully project specific impacts, because of additional tailoring to fit each organization/patient population's unique circumstances. When such tailoring combined with an interactive visualization environment, it would further increase decision makers' confidence. We illustrate the use of HSDT with a case study of delivering Transitional Care Model (TCM) to the most needed hospitals. TCM is a proven care management approach that is designed and tested by University of Pennsylvania via multiple NIH funded clinical trials.


The performance of a recognizer based on the Itakura spectral distortion measure deteriorates when speech signals are corrupted by noise, specially if it is not feasible to train and to test the recognizer under similar noise conditions. To alleviate this problem, we consider a more noise-resistant, weighted spectral distortion measure which weights the high SNR regions in frequency more than the low SNR regions. For the weighting function we choose a "bandwidth broadened" test spectrum; it weights spectral distortion more at the peaks than at the valleys of the spectrum. The amount of weighting is adapted according to an estimate of SNR, and becomes essentially constant in the noise-free case. The new measure has the dot product form and computaional efficiency of the Itakura distortion measure in the autocorrelation domain. It has been tested on a 10 speaker, isolated digit data base in a series of speaker independent speech recognition experiments. Additive white Gaussian noise was used to simulate different SNR conditions (from 5 dB to ∞ dB). The new measure performs as well as the original unweighted Itakura distortion measure at high SNR's, and significantly better at medium to low SNRs. At an SNR of 5 dB, the new measure achieves a digit error rate of 12.49% while the original Itakura distortion gives an error rate of 27.6%. The equivalent SNR improvement at low SNR's, is about 5 - 7 dB.


This document aims both to provide information on venture capitalists, one of whose major functions is to seek out the projects of new companies and to increase the chances of success of entrepreneurs applying for venture-capital funding. It thus describes: • The relationship between entrepreneurs and venture capitalists, which is very different from that between a company and other financial partners. The entrepreneur must decide on the type of partner he requires. • The criteria governing venture-capital investment. Project evaluation needs to be explained. What criteria are used? How are those criteria assessed? The entrepreneur will then have a better chance of providing answers to the basic questions asked by investors. • Presentation. Entrepreneurs sometimes still underestimate how important it is to present their projects properly. This document underlines that importance and describes the basic presentation requirements.


The paper suggests a new fast scheme for approximate identification of linear relaxation modulus of viscoelastic materials on the basis of the stress data from ramp-tests where a time-variable strain rate is followed by a constant strain. Approximation of the relaxation modulus in successive time instants is determined on the basis of the stress and stress derivative measurements in only two appropriately chosen sampling points. The method is verified with numerical simulations conducted for KWW (Kohlrausch, Williams and Watts) relaxation modulus. The numerical studies confirm the results of theoretical analysis and prove that this method ensures better approximation of the relaxation modulus and stress modulus than Solvari-Malinen method. Moreover the algorithm is more resistant to disturbances than Solvari-Malinen scheme.


In the last years of 19th century, in order to save the Chinese from suffering, and deliver the country from toppling, Dr. Sun Yat-sen created the Principle of Livelihood. In the last years of 20th century, in order to make country rich, built military power and enforce modernization, mainland China promoted Reform Policy. The Principle of Livelihood and Reform Policy are both the magnificent periods of Chinese modern history. The background of the thesis is medieval Europe in 14th and 15th century, discussing Liberalism, Individualism and Capitalism which are caused from Renaissance and Enlightenment, and how they gave rise serial social problems in Europe in 18th and 19th century. This would be the origin that why Dr. Sun Yat-sen created the Principle of Livelihood. Mainland China established Reform Policy in 1978. In the supposed basic of getting rid of Marxism, Leninism and the route of political economy of Mao Ze-dong and according the directive ideology of Socialism with Chinese characteristics to discuss the development and status of economic system, property system, agrarian system and traffic's conductions after enforcing Reform Policy in mainland China. The contents were harmony with the Principle of Livelihood. In economic system, it stood on socialist market reform, and established an property system which coexisting public and privacy property. Besides, it made agrarian system respond to market mechanism; meanwhile, it enforced the progress of techniques and made the network of traffic to be convenience. Furthermore, it established a social value of human right. All of those were show us the Reform Policy of mainland China was not only capitalism or socialism, but added the Principle of Livelihood. Expecting the leaders of cross strait would comply with the current of the Principle of Livelihood, and integrating the systems naturally. Enforcing the Principle of Livelihood overall, and creating a wonderful future for cross- strait.


Sylow's theorem which plays a most important part in the theory of groups of a finite order has been recently extended to abstract infinite' and topological groups.2 The definition of Sylow's subgroups is essentially connected with the notion of the order of element, which is fundamental in the whole theory of periodical groups. The generalisation of this notion of the order of element naturally gives rise to new problems in the theory of groups, and in particular to theorems similar to Sylow's theorem which for finite groups bear new results. The results mentioned above concerning abstract infinite groups present one of the consequences of this generalisation of Sylow's theorem. It evengives the possibility of stating a sufficient condition of conjugation of an infinite set of all Sylow's subgroups of an infinite group. In ??1-2 we give Definitions 1-6 and Lemmas 1-10 for any set of prime numbers 7r, whereas for the main results of this paper (Theorems 3-5) it is sufficient to consider a 7r, consisting of a prime number p, but this would not simplify the argument essentially. ?1. Let 7r be a finite or an infinite set of prime numbers, and let 'r denote the set of positive integers each of which, except 1, is the product of a finite number of (positive) powers of distinct prime numbers belonging to 7r. Let 5 be a group with whose elements and subgroups we shall be concerned. Let A = (a), B=(f), C = (y) be sets of indices. Let "DA = ("D.), X DB = (b#), C= (y), 3A = (ta) denote sets of subgroups of (M. The usual notations of E, c, U, n of set theory will be used. DEFINITION 1. Let an element a of 65 be called a 17r; 1SA I -element if for every a e A, there exists an integer 6a e 7f such that a"a e . Let a subgroup 1 be called a 1 ir; !A I -subgroup if all its elements are 1r; 1A l-elements. Clearly if a is a 17r; 1SA I -element, then the cyclic group $ = (a) is a I|; -)A |subgroup. DEFINITION 2. Let us call the set of all 17r; 1'TA I -elements of 6 the 1 r; 1'TA I -set of 65 and denote it by V(ir; 1STA; 65). Thus a I Tr; 'A I-subgroup $ of 65 is one contained in V(ir; "DA; 65), and hence LEMMA 1. Any subgroup T of a | r; ?'A I -subgroup $3 is a (7r; ?'A) -subgroup. As 7rf is a multiplicative set, i.e. if 3, 6' E 7rf, then b6' E 7rf, we have


Objective:To study the effect of arthroscopic reconstruction of anterior cruciate ligament with over six strands of hamstring tendons.Methods:Fourteen patients with anterior cruciate ligament injury included 9 male and 5 female with the average age of 32.8 years ranging from 19 to 51 years.The course was from 1 to 22 months(mean 3.7 months).Twelve patients had positive Lachman test with mollis termination,and 2 patients had positive Lachman test with hardness termination.Anterior drawer test with mollis termination was positive in 12 cases,and anterior drawer test with hardness termination was positive in 2 cases.Pivot shift test was positive in 12 cases,and Valgus test was one degree positive in 1 case.Fourteen cases of anterior cruciate ligament ruptures were reconstructed arthroscopically with over six strands of hamstring tendons in way of one-bundle.The grafts were fixed with suspension technique by mini-plates.The patients were followed up for one year.Results:Thirteen patients had negative Lachman test,and one patient showed positive Lachman test.Pivot shift test was negative in 13 cases,and was positive in one case.The clinical results were evaluated according to Lysholm rating scale.The Lysholm score increases from(47.71±1.98) to(95.38±4.73)(P0.01).Conclusion:Arthroscopic reconstruction of anterior cruciate ligament with over six strands of hamstring tendons is reliable to restore the stability of the knee.


Streams are an abundant hydrological resource found throughout the world. The accurate mapping of stream location is not a simple task, and previous methods are being replaced by modern technology. Streams were mapped topographically throughout much of history. New technological advancements such as GIS (Geographic Information Systems), are improving the accuracy to which streams can be mapped. Using a DEM (Digital Elevation Model), stream networks can be delineated within a GIS and can place streams in more accurate locations relative to their true geographic location in the natural world. Ultimately, more accurate and comprehensive survey maps can be produced because of the high accuracy at which streams are mapped within GIS.


Social workers and residents in areas of political uncertainty are exposed to special demands which derive from three sources, residence in the area, exposure to the anxieties and conflicts of neighbors as clients, and being representatives of the establishment. The results of a survey in 1995 of social workers in Judea/Samaria and the Golan Heights show a positive correlation between feelings of surfeit of political issues and difficulty of coping with the role of social worker and state anxiety. Most of the social workers reported difficulties in role performance resulting from political positions held by themselves, their clients and the local leadership. We conclude with a suggestion for a debriefing team model.


The purpose of this programme is to increase community participation in fulfilling balanced nutrition for children based on food consumption as an effort to prevent stunting. The method used is to increase the knowledge and educational skills of the community through interactive lectures and discussions, video screenings and educational games. This activity was carried out for 1 day and took place at the Nusantara Syariah Hotel, Bandar Lampung City. Participants totaled 40 people who were health cadres, members of the Indonesian doctor's wife association and family doctors in the city of Bandar Lampung. The results of the evaluation of the implementation of community service found that there was an increase in the understanding of the participants by 92.5% to a good understanding, 7.5% of the participants had a fairly good understanding, and no participants had a lack of understanding regarding a healthy lifestyle and fulfilling balanced nutrition for children to prevent malnutrition. The average pre-test result was 57,3 and there was an increase in the post-test result, which was equal to 83. Based on the analysis using the Wilcoxon test, it was found that there was a statistically significant difference in the mean pre-test and post-test scores of the service participants (p=0,000). Activities to increase community participation to fulfill balanced nutrition for children based on food consumption as an effort to prevent malnutrition such as stunting have proven effective.


Systematic photon scattering experiments have been performed over the recent years at the Giessen Electron Linac and Stuttgart Dynamitron in order to investigate low lying dipole transitions in deformed nuclei. With the high resolution and sensitivity of these Nuclear Resonance Fluorescence (NRF) experiments detailed dipole strength distributions in numerous isotopes could be extracted. By using linearly polarized bremsstrahlung or by measuring the linear polarization of the scattered photons the parities of numerous J=1 states in 48Ti, 70,72Ge, the rare earth nuclei 142,150Nd, 162Dy and in 232Th could be determined in an unambiguous, model‐independent way.


Two studies were conducted to examine the effects of unimodal and multimodal cueing techniques for indicating the location of threats on target acquisition, the recall of information from concurrent communications, and perceived workload. One visual, two auditory (i.e., nonspatial speech and spatial tones [3-D]), and one tactile cue were assessed in Experiment 1. Experiment 2 examined the effects of combinations of the cues assessed in the first investigation: visual + nonspatial speech, visual + spatial tones, visual + tactile, and nonspatial speech + tactile. A unimodal, "visual only" condition was included as a baseline to determine the extent to which a supplementary cue might influence changes in performance and workload. The results of the studies indicated that time to first shot and the percentage of hits can be improved and workload reduced by providing cues about target location. The multimodal cues did not yield significant improvements in performance or workload beyond that achieved by the unimodal visual cue.


The formation of many carbon nanotube (CNT) tips with small diameter on the surface of thick CNTs was investigated to improve the field‐emission uniformity of a CNT emitter. A CNT layer was first grown on a metal substrate by thermal‐chemical vapor deposition (CVD). CNTs in the layer were multiwalled nanotubes with diameter of 30 – 50 nm. A metal catalyst was then vacuum‐deposited on the CNT layer, and secondary thin CNTs with diameter of 3 – 10 nm were formed from the catalyst particles attached to the surface of primary CNTs by thermal‐CVD. The field emission from the CNT layer with the secondary CNTs showed an improvement in the uniformity of the emission current distribution. The developed CNT emitter was applied to high‐resolution CNT‐FED. The sub‐pixel size was 0.2mm × 0.6mm.


ABSTRACT:Digital media enable new possibilities in Jewish life and lived religion. This "digital Judaism" combines elements of Jewish tradition with the capabilities to create, modify, and transform digital objects in novel ways. It builds on American media history and has been greatly accelerated in response to the exigencies of the COVID-19 pandemic of 2020–2021. The Internet as a form of media functions as an amplifier of human capabilities and Jewish possibilities that can be integrated into Jewish life. This creates the contemporary online–offline media ecology to which I apply the theoretical concept of "virtuality." Virtuality extends and builds upon Heidi Campbell's religious-social shaping of technology (RSST), Michael Satlow's "maps" for defining a Judaism, Uzi Rebhun's study of symbolic Judaism, Ananda Mitra and Rae Lynn Schwatrz's concept of online/offline cybernetic space, and Jack Wertheimer's remix concept.


This paper applies spatial-temporal variation of multiple vegetation indices in mining ecological environment monitoring. The study area locates in WUYANG mine area of LUAN Coal Industry Group Co., Ltd. By means of MORTRAN4 model of FLASSH module, an atmospheric correction of the SPOT II / IV image data of four-year period of WUYANG Mine area is done. The normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI), ratio vegetation index (RVI) and difference vegetation index (DVI) and their mean are obtained by band calculation at the mining subsidence area. Using FOURIER4 model of the fast Fourier transform (FFT) of discrete Fourier analysis theory, mean NDVI, RVI and DVI time series data set is reconstructed. By correlation analysis, the influences of mining subsidence imposed on the vegetation index are obtained.


Bench for ground mounting of heavy machines. It is constituted by two steel shells (1 and 4) which delineate prismatic cups, of opposite and telescopically engageable on one another mouthpieces, the lower housing (1) for fixing to the ground from the inside thereof being and relating both casings by screws (8) with set screws (9) and nuts (11) can regulate at will both the height and leveling of the upper casing (4) through a wide opening (6) of the latter, of such that upon final assembly of the machine, which seals said opening (6), the fixing means to the ground and positional adjustment between housings are inaccessible. In this way greatly increases the degree of security against theft of the machine in question, to be totally inaccessible positional adjustment spindles, as well as the fastening means of the bed to the ground.


The discrete equations provide the basic mathematical tools for the correct modeling of population dynamics to be taken as a discrete event times. In this paper, we present the theory of discrete equations and some applications in Chapter 01, with emphasis on models of population dynamics model such as Malthus and Verhulst along with examples that give evidence such models in the modeling of real populations. In chapter 02 we present two proposals teaching: the first is an analysis of graphs relating age and height and the second, an investigation of the population dynamics of the city of Limeira through Malthus and Verhulst models and presents a comparative analysis of models as fit to the data as presented and are able to follow the official projections. The graphs were created in free software GeoGebra.


Background: Older housebound people are an under-researched group for whom achieving good primary health care can be resource intensive. Aims: To describe the characteristics and healthcare use of older (≥65 years) housebound people; explore clinician views on delivery of care to housebound people; and assess the feasibility of using a new network of healthcare professionals to deliver high quality research


This article conceptualises the influence at play in the cross-border promotion of minority rights, and offers insights into how this influence can be strengthened and made more principled. In the international socialisation literature, such influence tends to be analysed through competing explanatory and normative frames centred on strategic action and deliberation. However, I contend the enactment of egalitarian institutional change frequently involves a productive interplay between each mode of action, with cost–benefit calculations enhancing communicative reasoning, and vice versa. Moreover, while the success-oriented behaviour of strategic action represents a departure from the deliberative tenet that political outcomes should emerge through an assessment of what everyone could reasonably accept, I contend strategic action can still be justified from a deliberative standpoint whenever it compels actors in positions of strength to be receptive to the claims of actors in positions of weakness. I illustrate these arguments through the case study of minority rights activism, discussing the transnational pathways for rights reform within the context of the EU and beyond.


This paper presents the design architectures of two digit and three digit ternary analog to digital converters (T-ADC), and compares their performance with their respective binary counterparts. The T-ADC is designed using analog comparators and ternary CMOS logic gates. It is proved that a two digit ternary ADC performs better over a three bit binary ADC in terms of power consumption and dynamic range. Thus, a T-ADC proves to be a better choice when used in wide band communication applications.


Carl J. Wiggers.- Claude Bernard.- 1. What is Multi-Organ-Failure - Is it a Sequence of Organ Failures or a Systemic Disease?.- Clinical Manifestations and Sequences of Organ Failure.- Discussion.- The Specific Role of ARDS in the Development of Multiple Organ Failure.- Discussion.- Quantification of Organ Failure.- Discussion.- The Metabolic Basis of the Septic Multiple Organ Failure Syndrome: Abnormal Energetic Fuel Control, Pathophysiologic Proteolysis and Futile Cycling of Hepatically Synthesized Substrates.- Discussion.- Humoral and Cellular Activation in Blood Leading to Organ Failure.- Discussion.- Endothelium as the Interface Between Blood and Organ in the Evolution of Organ Failure.- Discussion.- Cellular Metabolic Responses in Endotoxemia, and a Hypothesis for the Mechanism of Hepatic Failure in Endotoxic Shock.- Discussion.- 2. Cellular Events in Trauma and Sepsis - Suppression Versus Activation or Both ?.- Posttraumatic Immune Suppression as Initiator of Organ Failure.- Humoral Factors in Immune Suppression After Injury.- Discussion.- Activation of Neutrophils and the Role of Eicosanoids in the Initiation of Organ Failure.- Discussion.- Role of Xanthine Oxidase-Derived Oxidants and Granulocytes in Ischemia/Reperfusion.- Discussion.- Role of Proteinases in the Pathophysiology of Organ Failure.- Discussion.- Activation of Cellular Membrane Receptors Intracellular Messengers and Mediators of the Response to Injury.- Discussion.- 3. Mediators of Organ Failure - Are LPS or Sepsis Necessary ?.- Experimental Induction of Whole Body Inflammation Leads to ARDS, Multiple Organ Failure and Sepsis. The ZIGI-Model in Rats and Mice.- Discussion.- Endotoxin-Initiated Organ Failure Responses.- Discussion.- Through a Glass Darkly: The Gut in Multiple Organ Failure.- Discussion.- Changes in Mesenteric Blood Flow Affects Translocation in Sheep.- Discussion.- Antagonists of Platelet-Activating Factor as Potential Therapeutic Agents in Shock.- IL-1 and TNF: Mediators of LPS-Induced Neutrophil Emigration and Thrombosis.- Discussion.- 4. Conference Summary and Concluding Remarks.- Multiple Organ Failure as a Systemic Disease of Host-Defense Failure.- Final Discussion.


The review and analysis of the children's film 'Where the Wild Things Are' is discussed. The limitations and boundaries of children's films are also highlighted.


Normal light chains of human IgG and IgM were analyzed for the presence of the idiotypic determinant of light chains identified by anti‐"a". A quantitative evaluation indicated that this marker of the variable region was present in light chains obtained from IgG nd IgM: however, light chains reacting with anti‐"a" were preferentially associated with IgG molecules.


Plant extract from Allium Sativum extract was used for the synthesis of selenium nanoparticles from sodium selenite solution. Selenium nanoparticles characterized by using UV-Visible (UV-VIS) spectrophotometer, Transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Fourier transform spectroscopy (FTIR) and Energy dispersive X-Ray spectroscopy (EDAX). The selenium nanoparticles synthesized by Allium sativum were observed as hollow and spherical particles in size ranging 8-52nm which is found more stable than two months. Antimicrobial activity of the selenium nanoparticles was performed by well diffusion method against Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus subtilis. The selenium nanoparticles synthesized in this process has the efficient antimicrobial activity against pathogenic bacteria.


This paper traces the origins of the criticisms of the mistake of law bar. The actual criticisms are well known and well rehearsed. What is less discussed is who first criticized the bar and how their arguments affected others and drove the increasing and then dominant view in England that the mistake of law bar had to be abolished. The paper argues that the most immediate influences came after the mid twentieth century with the publication of the first edition of Goff and Jones and the New Zealand Judicature (Amendment) Act 1958. The paper traces the influences on the book and the legislation and how the opposition to the bar then snowballed.


Pathogenic variants in ALG13 (ALG13 UDP‐N‐acetylglucosaminyltransferase subunit) cause an X‐linked congenital disorder of glycosylation (ALG13‐CDG) where individuals have variable clinical phenotypes that include developmental delay, intellectual disability, infantile spasms, and epileptic encephalopathy. Girls with a recurrent de novo c.3013C>T; p.(Asn107Ser) variant have normal transferrin glycosylation. Using a highly sensitive, semi‐quantitative flow injection‐electrospray ionization‐quadrupole time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry (ESI‐QTOF/MS) N‐glycan assay, we report subtle abnormalities in N‐glycans that normally account for <0.3% of the total plasma glycans that may increase up to 0.5% in females with the p.(Asn107Ser) variant. Among our 11 unrelated ALG13‐CDG individuals, one male had abnormal serum transferrin glycosylation. We describe seven previously unreported subjects including three novel variants in ALG13 and report a milder neurodevelopmental course. We also summarize the molecular, biochemical, and clinical data for the 53 previously reported ALG13‐CDG individuals. We provide evidence that ALG13 pathogenic variants may mildly alter N‐linked protein glycosylation in both female and male subjects, but the underlying mechanism remains unclear.


Calculations of the monoenergetic radial diffusion coefficients are presented for several configurations of the TJ-II stellarator usually explored in operation. The neoclassical radial fluxes and the ambipolar electric field for the standard configuration are then studied for three different collisionality regimes, obtaining precise results in all cases.


This paper aims to survey, identify and present the relevant studies and their findings regarding the efficiency of banking systems in Europe with the application of the Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) window technique approach. Notwithstanding, another goal is to provide a background on the DEA methodology and present the window technique approach and highlight its strengths and limitations. This article implements an extensive literature review of studies that employ the WDEA (window DEA) methodology in the efficiency evaluation of European banking. The conducted literature review has surveyed the Scopus, Web of Science (SSCI and SCI papers) and CROSBI (Croatian Scientific Bibliography) databases with "Data Envelopment Analysis", "Window" and "Bank" as keywords for the search, which resulted in a total of 89 hits (41 in Scopus, 47 on WoS and 1 on CROSBI). Thereafter, a manual survey of these studies has been conducted, which eventually resulted in 12 papers regarding the efficiency of European banking. This study identifies all the relevant previous work regarding the efficiency of European banking with the application of WDEA (DEA-window technique) as well as a presentation of their used models, the selected variables and their findings. This literature review indicates that the surveyed studies have been published in the period between 2007 and 2020 and have included the time frame from 1995 to 2017. The longest study includes 13 years, whereas the shortest includes 3 analysed years. The findings primarily show the applicability of WDEA in the literature.


Objective To realize the isolation status of fastidious bacteria causing respiratory tract infection and antimicrobial susceptibility of fastidious bacteria to cefditoren pivoxil as well as the other 9 antimicrobial agents,so as to provide reference for clinical treatment.Methods Fastidious bacteria isolated from sputum of patients with respiratory tract infection during the year of 2005,2007,2008,and January-June in 2010 were collected.Antimicrobial susceptibility of fastidious bacteria were tested with Kirby-Bauer method recommended by Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute(CLS1).Results A total of 462 isolates were isolated from 438 patients,(3-lactamase-producing rate was as follows:Haemophilus influenzae(HI) 23.62%(30/127).Haemophilus parain jluenzae(HP) 2.51%(5/199),Mora.iella catarrhalis(MC) 41.58%(42/101),penicillin-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae (SP) isolates was not found.The susceptibility rate(SR) of HI,HP,MC,and SP to cefditoren pivoxil was 96.30%,94.36%,100.00%.and 100.00%,respectively:The SR of HI and HP to cefotaxime,cefuroximc,cefaclor and cefazolin was 83.59%- 93.33%.SR to amoxicillin/clavulanie acid was 91.67%and 88.21%respectively; SR of MC and SP to amoxicillin / clavulanic acid was 100.00%;SR of HI to clarithromycin was 87.96%,SR of HP,SP and MC to clarithromycin was 34.29%- 59.00%-,SR of 4 kinds of fastidious bacteria to tetracycline was 22.86%- 63.00%;The resistant rate of HI.HP and MC to trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole was 54.63%- 3.33%.Conclusion Cefditoren pivoxil has strong activity against fastidious bacteria causing respiratory tract infection; in order to reduce the emergence of drug-resistant strain,clinicians should choose antimicrobial agents accord- ing to antimicrobial susceptibility test results.


Tree seedlings of pioneer species and non-pioneers may respond differently to canopy gaps. We used a field experiment to test this in four forest communities in Nan'ao Island, Guangdong, China. We measured the ratio of light penetration (RLP) in gaps and in adjacent non-gap sites. We also measured seedling growth of three tree species transplanted into these gaps and non-gap sites. These species included two pioneer species, which were Acacia auriculaeformis A. Cunn. and Eucalyptus urophylla S. T. Blake, one non-pioneer species, which was Schima superba Gardn. et Champ . The RLP were much higher in gaps and have changed with season. The changes were different among communities. The seedlings of the three species grew faster in gaps than that in non-gap sites. The height growth of seedlings of the two pioneer species (A. auriculaeformis, E. urophylla) differed significantly between gaps and non-gap sites. The difference, which was not as significant as for the two pioneer species, still occurred for the non-pioneer species (S. superba). Seedlings of the two pioneer species grew faster in gaps than that of the non-pioneer. This showed that pioneer species and non-pioneers responded differently to canopy gaps.


The purpose of this work was to examine the effect of anti-LPS monoclonal antibody protection in mice intranasally challenged with a lethal dose of Klebsiella pneumoniae. In our experiments we used BALB/CN mice eight to twelve weeks old. They were separated in two groups each containing 6 animals. One group received 1 mg per animal of anti-LPS monoclonal antibodies and other received saline intraperitoneally 4 hours prior to the infection. We used anti-LPS monoclonal antibodies that were previously shown to be highly specific for O1 LPS of Klebsiella pneumoniae. Animals were infected with a lethal dose of K. pneumoniae strain Caroli O1:K2 (260 CFU). CONCLUSIONS: Our study has shown that pre-treatment of animals with anti-LPS monoclonal antibodies resulted in 33% survival compared to unprotected animals that all died within 4 days. Beside survival we found also different bacterial loads between two groups.


The photodissociation of the OH radical was studied at 157 nm via the detection of the product H atoms with the resonance fluorescence technique. OH radicals were produced in a fast flow cell from the reaction between H and NO2 and subsequently photodissociated by an excimer laser operating on the F2 emission. The quantum yield for photodissociation of OH was measured to be 1.10±0.28. The photodissociation cross section was calculated to be 6.6×10−18 cm2 (±25%) which is in good agreement with the work of Nee and Lee (Ref. 8).


The present invention relates to a pressurized fluid conduit made from a single layer of semi-crystalline thermoplastic material, the material having a Shore hardness of 50-65, and has a modulus at 150 deg.] C of at least 60MPa. The advantage of this is that the pipe is easy to manufacture, easy to handle, and easy to assemble at room temperature such case, consistent with the relevant burst pressure and at elevated temperature deformation work requirements. Other important advantages include significant savings in material use and effects better vibration and noise suppression. The present invention further relates to the use of a semi-crystalline thermoplastic material, the material having a Shore hardness of 50-65, and having a modulus of at least 60MPa for manufacturing by extrusion molding method at 150 ℃ single layer pressurized fluid conduit, and a method for producing the conduit.


Gastric cancer remains the fourth leading cause of cancer-related death in Europe, while the proportion of the adenocarcinomas of the esophagogastric junction has risen by more than one third over recent years. In 2018, 14,700 new cases of gastric cancer were estimated in Germany, while the 5-year relative survival rate is reported to be 33% for women and 30% for men; in the U.S.A. was reported almost the same rate with 31% 5-year survival.Between 2001 and 2014, 590 patients with a diagnosis of gastric cancer underwent surgery in our institution, including 120 Siewert type II/III carcinomas of the esophagogastric junction. All patients underwent distal resection of the stomach, gastrectomy or total gastrectomy combined with transhiatal distal esophageal resection. All operations included D2-D3 lymph node dissection.
Data was recorded by the cancer registry of the department of surgery and analyzed retrospectively.The patients were classified according to the TNM (UICC 2010) and Lauren classification. 29% of the patients underwent primary surgery and 31% received neo-adjuvant therapy. The median number of harvested lymph nodes was 33 for patients diagnosed with gastric cancer, and 29 for esophagogastric adenocarcinomas, respectively. The anastomotic leak rate was 3%. In this study, the 5-year overall survival rate was 51% concerning gastric carcinomas, 44% for Siewert type II and 47% for Siewert III cancers carcinomas of the esophagogastric junction.Increased survival with low complication rates were achieved after individualized and multimodal treatment concepts combined with consistently applied extended lymphadenectomy.


The purpose of this paper is to study the effects of the use of Boron nitride (BN) as nano-particle on pressure drop and heat transfer in a microchannel. The governing equations for the fluid flow were solved by using Fluent CFD code and artificial neural network (ANN). Computational results acquired from Fluent CFD code and artificial neural network (ANN) for alumina (Al2O3) as nano-particle were compared with numerical values obtained in the literature for validation. On the basis of a water-cooled (only water, water+alumina and water+boron nitride) smooth microchannel were designed, and then the corresponding laminar flow and heat transfer were studied numerically. Results derived from the numerical tests (NT) and artificial neural network (ANN) show good agreement with the values mentioned in the literature and these results also show by the comparison research which was conducted considering the heat transfer and pressure loss parameters between BN and widely used alumina that BN is more convenient nano-particle.


Honeycomb and honey heavily contaminated with spores of Bacillus larvae (agent of American foulbrood disease of honeybee larvae) were exposed to gamma radiation from cobalt-60. Sterility was achiev...