The effect of rainfall on crustal strain at the Mikawa Crustal Movement Observatory, central Japan, was studied in detail with a data set from January 1974 through December 1984. Changes in crustal strain caused by rainfall were successfully simulated by a tank model, in which the crustal strain is given as a nonlinear function of precipitation and time. The simulation error was usually less than 10%, but occasionally it became larger. There were anomalies of two kinds: 1) a change in spatial distribution of strains in the observation tunnel; and 2) an increase in simulation error for the rainfall effect. These anomalous responses seem to be related to the occurrence of nearby earthquakes within a particular area around the observatory. The logarithmic duration time of anomaly was roughly proportional to the earthquake magnitude. Data from the past eleven years indicate that about 50% of M ≥ 3.5 earthquakes in the area were preceded by anomalous strain responses if they occurred after rain. The change in strain response to rainfall at this observatory could be a precursor of a nearby earthquake.


A large number of studies have established the importance of apparel as a factor in image establishment and communication success. These studies have focussed on a range of occupational environments, including business [1, 2], education [3], counselling [4], and medicine [5, 6]. Partly as a consequence of such findings, a number of business organizations now lay down uniforms for their employees, or at least have guidelines as to what is, and is not, acceptable clothing for work.


Throughout the nation's history, Americans have used foreign events as a screen upon which to project their own domestic hopes and fears. European revolutions in particular have become the occasion for airing homespun anxieties about social (and religious) upheaval. The Alien and Sedition Acts of 1798 and the Red Scare of 1920 are simply the most prominent examples of how revolutions abroad can stir the fears of American conservatives. According to some historians, the American reaction to the Paris Commune of 1871 was just as swift and negative as the reaction to the French and Russian Revolutions. An examination of clerical response to the Commune, however, suggests a very different picture: that of a community of public spokesmen trying to make sense of a foreign upheaval for their American audience while offering hope that similar events were avoidable on this side of the Atlantic.


Even in the case of a cassette loading section into/from which an established drug cassette is loaded/unloaded, the loading of an optional drug cassette is made possible.
If a control means (7) determines that an established drug cassette (16A) has been loaded into a cassette loading section (15) at the established position of a device body (2), the control means (7) determines whether or not the established drug cassette (16A) is loaded into a proper position on the basis of loading destination information stored in a first storage means (18), and the positional information of the cassette loading section (15) into which the established drug cassette (16A) is loaded. Meanwhile, the control means (7) determines that the optional drug cassette has been loaded into any one of the cassette loading sections (15), the control means (7) associates drug related information stored in the first storage means (18) of the loaded established drug cassette with the loading destination information, or the positional information of the cassette loading section, and stores the associated information in a second storage means (32).


Soft set theory, introduced by Molodtsov has been considered as a successful mathematical tool for modeling uncertainties. A double-framed soft set is a generalization of a soft set, consisting of union soft sets and intersectional soft sets. An ordered AG-groupoid can be referred to as a non-associative ordered semigroup, as the main difference between an ordered semigroup and an ordered AG-groupoid is the switching of an associative law. In this paper, we define the smallest left (right) ideals in an ordered AG-groupoid and use them to characterize a strongly regular class of a unitary ordered AG-groupoid along with its semilattices and double-framed soft (briefly DFS) l-ideals (r-ideals). We also give the concept of an ordered A* G**-groupoid and investigate its structural properties by using the generated ideals and DFS l-ideals (r-ideals). These concepts will verify the existing characterizations and will help in achieving more generalized results in future works.


Boolean matching is to determine whether two functions are equivalent under input permutation and input/output phase assignment. This paper will address the Boolean Matching problem for incompletely specified functions. Signatures have previously been used for Boolean matching of completely specified functions. In this paper for the first time we use signatures to determine the equivalency of incompletely specified functions.


This paper presents a new Wien-type oscillator using electronically tunable current conveyors (ECCII). Unlike previous Wien-type oscillators, the condition of oscillation of the proposed circuit can be controlled electronically using the current gain of ECCII. The structure is realized using grounded resistor which is easy for developing as a voltage-controlled oscillator. The condition and frequency of oscillations can be controlled orthogonally. PSPICE simulation results are given to confirm the presented theory.


In recent years the UK government has increasingly promoted the use of mediation in family law matters, particularly in cases involving children, and there has been continuing debate about whether such processes should be mandatory. Australian policy-makers took this step in 2006, enacting reforms which require parents in conflict to make a 'genuine effort' to resolve their dispute through a 'family dispute resolution' process before being eligible to apply for court orders. As a consequence of this policy shift, there has been a growing interface between legal practitioners and mediation professionals in Australia. This article draws on an empirical investigation of collaboration between these two groups to reflect on the implications of compulsory mediation for client services and inter-professional practices. Its analysis suggests that there are benefits to be had from an increased use of alternative dispute resolution programmes, both for families and the legal system, but that much will depend on the culture of collaboration and the training of practitioners.


IN HIS VERY PERCEPTIVE COMMENTARY on Michel Serres's Les cinq sens (Le Monde, November 15, 1985), reviewer Thomas Ferenczi first outlines the Serrean quest for a new scientific expression that would bridge the abyss separating the domains of the natural sciences and the humanities. But then he gently chides the author for his strategy of presenting the notion of "mdlange" by relying too much on metaphors that


Profession is not only the means to earn one's livelihood but also the means of one's evolution by appropriate participation in the larger order. Through professional education, one acquires the specific knowledge and skills to make contributions beneficial to the living as well as non-living beings. The contradictions and dilemmas in profession exist due to the prevailing world view, in which wealth maximization is perceived to be prime objective. This is what seems to be ailing the present-day medical profession. The development of professional ethics is a long-term process to be achieved through appropriate value education. A systematic approach in the field has been introduced where the effort to understand human reality vis-a-vis the rest of existence, with the prime focus to discover inherent coexistence and harmony at all levels of existence, has been propounded. In this article, the process of understanding, one's own "natural acceptance"!


Abstract : Atmospheric drag is the largest source of error in the prediction of trajectories of most objects in low-Earth orbit, and solar variability is the largest source of error in upper atmospheric density forecasts. There is thus a need to accurately propagate solar forecast uncertainty to atmospheric density uncertainty and thence to satellite position uncertainty. Furthermore, the collective position uncertainty of the low-Earth Orbit (LEO) population determines the frequency of conjunctions that must be assessed in order to avoid collisions. To maintain Space Situational Awareness of the growing LEO population, the number of conjunctions must be kept at a manageable level to avoid being overwhelmed by false alarms. This criterion can be used to define solar and atmospheric forecast accuracy requirements. In this paper, we examine how solar forecast errors grow with increasing forecast time, and how this uncertainty maps to atmospheric density uncertainty as a function of altitude. We then develop analytical approximations of the mapping from density uncertainty to in-track position uncertainty, as a function of perigee height, orbital eccentricity, ballistic coefficient, background atmospheric conditions, and forecast time. Finally, we estimate the conjunction frequency between operational LEO satellites and the entire LEO population (separately considering objects larger than 10 cm and objects larger than 1 cm), based on the statistical distributions of the key orbital parameters (perigee height, eccentricity, inclination and ballistic coefficient) and assumed solar and density forecast uncertainties. 1


In this paper, some progress on the entanglement of pure multi-qubit states is introduced.The feature of symmetric canonical form and the relation between the LU polynomial invariants and SLOCC classification in pure three-qubit case are presented at first.Then the classification and the measure of entanglement of pure multi-qubit states are reviewed.The facts that the compact relative entropy of entanglement is not invariant under LU transformation and the geometric measure of entanglement proposed by Wei has some deficiency are pointed out.


We study a problem where a group of voters must decide which candidates are elected from a set of alternatives. The voters' preferences on the combinations of elected candidates are represented by orderings. We propose a family of restrictions of the domain of separable preferences. These subdomains are generated from a partition that identifies, for each voter, her friends, her enemies and the unbiased candidates. We characterize the family of rules that satisfy strategy-proofness and tops-onliness on each of those subdomains.


Understanding how individuals change their opinions is essential to mitigate the harmful effect of fake news and stop opinion polarization. Building upon an extremely flexible opinion dynamics model that can capture the key microscopic mechanisms of social influence, the current paper elaborates a framework to find optimal control, which, thus, can be applied to a broad set of opinion dynamics settings. Using a combination of theoretical and computational approaches, I characterize the properties of optimal control and demonstrates how the elaborated framework can be applied to specific examples, which cover the classical situations that garner remarkable attention in the literature on opinion dynamics models: assimilative influence, bounded confidence, and dissimilative influence.


The study describes and analyzes coupled ocean-atmosphere regional model simulations of the coastal circulation in regions of orographically-intensified flow, during developing coastal upwelling. The domain resembled an eastern ocean boundary with a single cape protruding into the ocean in center of the coastline. The model simulated the formation of an expansion fan downwind of an idealized cape, featuring stronger wind stresses with high diurnal variability. Coastal upwelling develops during the simulation extending about 50 km offshore upwind of the cape, but widens twice as much on the lee side of the cape. Coldest sea surface temperatures (SST) are found near the coast at the southern (lee) side of the cape. Orographic and diurnal modulations of the near-surface atmospheric flow on the lee side of the cape strongly affect the dependence of wind stress on underlying SST conditions. Strong orographic forcing weakens an average wind stress—SST coupling computed for the 100-km coastal zone, and indicates regions of high negative correlations next to the cape. Diurnal modulations in the expansion fan region, however, are found to enhance air-sea coupling, resulting in high wind stress –SST correlations.


Modal analysis and harmonic response analysis on some important parts of the design such as the floors,turbine foundation,the columns and concrete around the spiral case and the draft tube were done through 3-D finite element computa-tion in order to study the rationality about a underground hydro-power station during the principal design stage.The result showed the rationality of the design and gave some suggestion on safety monitoring of the powerhouse.The research provided im-portant theoretical support for construction design of the powerhouse and other works.


Asynchronous operation of synchronous generators is considered during power system disturbances. Particular emphasis is given to the shaft stresses which develop during such operation. Reduction in the working life of the generators due to shaft fatigue is evaluated and the advantages and disadvantages of this type of operation are investigated.


All nitrofuran derivatives tested, 3-(5-nitro-2-furyl)-2-(2-furyl) acrylic acid [I], 5-nitro-2-furanacrylic acid [II] and 5-nitro-2-furoic acid [III], and their amide and ester derivatives exhibited the mutagenic and antibacterial activities against Salmonella typhimurium TA 100. The amides and esters of [I] and [III] which were more rapidly reduced by intact Salmonella typhimurium TA 100 cells or milk xanthine oxidase showed apparently stronger mutagenicity than the corresponding carboxylic acids ([I] and [III]) which were less susceptible to the reduction. In the case of [II] and its derivatives, the correlation between the mutagenic activity and the reducibility was also observed, but not so clear as in other groups. Furthermore, antibacterial activities of the nitrofuran derivatives in each group were also well correlated to their reduction rates. However, the nitrofuran derivatives highly susceptible to the enzymatic reduction were not always strong mutagenic and antibacterial agents.


In order to accomplish the Prognostics and Health Management System(PHM)for guided missile,sensor network node of storage and conveyance environment ' s monitoring based on MEMS sensors is designed.Centering on the low power consumption single chip CC430F5133 with RF core,micro sensor collects the information of temperature,humidity,acceleration(calculate quiver),and magnetic field intensity(calculate posture),and realizes the wireless communication between the node and higher management system(ARM controller)with the radio frequency.This node is small volume,easy to layout,low power consumption,and especially has a particulavity of continuous operation for long time and so on.It preferably realized the function of information terminal of system.


A research program to investigate the cause of high viscosity of coal liquefaction products and to improve this critical property was carried out at Harvey Technical Center under the joint sponsorship by Electric Power Research Institute and Atlantic Richfield Company. Prior to this joint program an in-house project was also initiated by Atlantic Richfield to determine causes and remedies for high viscosity of coal liquefaction products. One result of these programs is the discovery that certain chemical compounds, when used at concentrations of 1 to 10%, are effective in reducing the melt viscosity and softening temperature of these coal liquefaction products. These compounds can be divided into two groups, reactive and unreactive additives. Acids, anhydrides, amides and epoxides fall in the reactive group, while pyrrolidines and compounds belonging to the chemical classes of amides, phosphoramides, lactams and ketones belong to the unreactive additives. This paper summarizes findings on this subject and explains the mechanism of action involved.


The goai of research was to compare chiidren's quaiity of iife data gained from generic questionnaire CHQ-SF and from own questionnaire with physioiogicai aspects of chiidren functioning. 120 heaithy schooi age chiidren were inspected. The descriptive cross-sectionai design of research was used. The quaiity of iife of chiidren according to common heaith and seif-appraisai of heaith estimation was iowered. The pecuiiaritiesof sieepand its deteriorations were investigated at chiidren. Association between physioiogicai data and some features of quaiity of iife estimation were anaiyzed.


In maize, cytoplasmic male sterility (ems) was widely used in breeding and seed production. However, in 1970, plants possessing Texas cytoplasm (T cytoplasm, the most widely used cytoplasm for male sterility in maize) were damaged severely by the southern corn leaf blight. They were affected strongly by the phytotoxin produced by the pathogen of the disease, that is, the race T of Bipolaris maydis (Nisikado) Shoemaker.2•9> Since then, biochemical studies of ems in maize have been stimulated. Phytotoxins produced by B . maydis or Phylost-icta maydis were shown to affect the oxidative phosphorylation and other functions of mitochondria of T cytoplasm plants unlike those of normal (N) cytoplasm plants.5•6l This fact strongly indicates the presence of defects in the mitochondrial function which is responsible for the ems as well as the sensitivity of maize lines with T cytoplasm to the phytotoxin of the fungus. If this assumption is valid, it is anticipated that male sterility with other types of cytoplasms may also be related to simi lar defective mitochondrial functions. Humaydan and ScottSl reported that a methomyl insecticide (Lannate 90) was selectively phytotoxic to several lines of sweet corn with T cytoplasms. :Methomyl was also found to inactivate mitochondria of a line with T cytoplasm like phytotoxin of race T of B·ipolaris maydis.4 > In the present study, the author showed that low mitochondrial enzyme activity is closely related to ems in maize plants. furthermore, the author extended Humaydan's work to establish that treatment with methomyl was a useful


Part I. Characteristics of locomotor behaviour of goldfish (Carassius auratus) were monitored automatically and the response to sensory cues provided by conspecifics was analysed. Goldfish were attracted to free-swimming conspecifics and oriented to them klinokinetically by decreasing their mean angle size of turns and increasing both their turning frequency and mean step length between turns. These locomotor changes were stimulus bound. Although the responses were mediated visually, blinded goldfish, which were not overtly attracted, nevertheless oriented orthokinetically to non-visual cues from the conspecific.

Part II. Simulation of the conspecific by models demonstrated that oval and horizontal rectangular shapes of the same area and their size interactions, elicited significant attraction whereas square and vertical rectangular shapes of the same area did not. Increasing speeds and/or size of the model tended to bring about stronger attraction.


More efforts should be exerted to reinforce the ideological education to college students,including the students of adult higher schools,and to flourish their spirits.


Purpose. To study the circulation of acetabulum and paraosseous tissues in the hip area of growing dogs.
Materials and Methods. Hemodynamics investigated in the bone part of acetabular vault, as well as in paraosseous soft tissues of puppies at the age of 6-11 months using rheography.
Results. The reduction of the amplitude parameters of pulse blood flow observed in the parts investigated, as well as the decrease of volumetric circulation rate in acetabular bone part in case of the absence of the differences in the value of blood inflow.
Conclusion. Based on the findings acetabular dysplasia established to be accompanied by congenital anomaly of the vascular bed.


Author(s): Porat, Ariel | Abstract: According to legal principles, a driver who negligently breaks a pedestrian's leg should pay the same damages as a doctor who negligently breaks a patient's leg. According to economic principles, however, the driver should pay more than the doctor. Drivers should pay more than doctors who inflict the same harm because of externalities in the underlying activites. Non-negligent drivers impose risk on others and liability law does not make them pay for it. When liability externalities are negative as with driving, socially efficient damages should increase beyond full compensation in order to discourage the activity. In contrast, doctors create benefits for patients that exceed their fees. When liability externalities are positive as with doctoring, damages should decrease below full compensation in order to encourage the activity. In general, law should adjust damages up or down according to the externality associated with the underlying activity. Instead of case-by-case adjustment, law should refine the menu of available damage measures and associate different measures with different activities. The menu should include a novel measure -- disgorgement damages for accidents.


The American Community Survey (ACS) uses various techniques to improve the quality of the 1-year and 3-year data products it releases based on a series of data release rules. The release rules use the size of an estimate's coefficient of variation (CV) as a quality/reliability indicator. Products with too many estimates having large CVs fail the release criteria and are not published. This research is in response to feedback from ACS users that the current release rules are too conservative, especially those applied to certain types of estimates. We look into alternatives to the current release rules as they are applied to ACS 1-year and 3-year medians and zero estimates.


RankRLS is a recently proposed state-of-the-art method for learning ranking functions by minimizing a pairwise ranking error. The method can be trained by solving a system of linear equations. In this work, we investigate the use of conjugate gradient and regularization by iteration for linear RankRLS training on very large and high dimensional, but sparse data sets. Such data is typically encountered for example in applications where natural language based data is used. We show that even though a pairwise loss function is optimized when training RankRLS, the computational complexity of the proposed methods, when learning from data with utility scores, is O(tms), where t is the required number of iterations, m the number of training examples and s the average number of non-zero features per example. In addition, the complexity of learning from pairwise preferences is O(tms+tl), where l is the number of observed preferences in the training set. In the experiments, it is further confirmed that restricting the number of conjugate gradient iterations has a regularizing effect and that the number of iterations that provides optimal results is, in practice, a small constant. Thus, the use of regularization by iteration, while providing similar performance as the more well-known Tikhonov regularization, results in a tremendous reduction in the computational cost of training and parameter selection.


In the article, ''Freshwater ascomycetes: Natipusillaceae, a new family of tropical fungi, including Natipusilla bellaspora sp. nov. from the Peruvian Amazon'' by Huzefa A. Raja, Andrew N. Miller and Carol A. Shearer, Mycologia 104:569–573, the type species of the freshwater ascomycete genus Natipusilla A. Ferrer, A.N. Mill. & Shearer was reported erroneously as Natipusilla limonensis A. Ferrer, A.N. Mill. & Shearer (p 569). The correct type species of Natipusilla is Natipusilla decorospora A. Ferrer, A.N. Mill. & Shearer, which was described on submerged wood from a freshwater swamp in Ecuador (Ferrer et al. 2011).


Background: Vitamin D concentrations corresponding to 75 nmol/L of 25(OH)D or more have been related to maintained muscle function, growth and regeneration, to optimal bone health and immunology in athletes. The objective of this study was to investigate prevalence and predictors of insufficient 25(OH)D concentrations in athletes and to come up with recommendations for our Swiss athletes. Methods: 603 competitive Swiss athletes were assessed during their annual pre-participation examination. A standardi-zed questionnaire was used to gather information about potential predictors for 25(OH)D concentrations. Results: One in 2 athletes showed insufficient 25(OH)D concentrations. Differences in predicted probability of insufficient 25(OH)D were found for those that were not substituted (56%) vs. those substituted (42%) versus unsubstituted (52%), for those performing indoor (58%) vs. outdoor (43%) sports and during the sun deprived seasons fall (49%), winter (70%) and spring (57%) as compared to summer (17%). An increa-se in BMI z-scores and age was associated with higher 25(OH)D. Implication: One in two Swiss athletes shows insufficient 25(OH)D concentrations. To prevent potential harmful con-sequences on athletic performance, muscular, skeletal and immunological health, we recommend a regular substitution in daily, weekly or monthly intervals with a daily equivalent dose of 600–2000 IE Vit D except perhaps in summer. Rou-tine assessments of 25(OH)D concentrations are not neces-sary.


A new method is proposed to control harmonics individually in their respective individual synchronous reference frame (ISRF) for active filter applications. This new controller overrides the positive sequence fundamental synchronous reference frame (FSRF) current controller and acts to control the harmonics individually. Overall dynamic performance is improved in this way with lesser computational effort. Both closed loop and open loop approaches for implementing the same are presented.


Alveolar echinococcosis (AE) caused by Echinococcus multilocularis can infect humans as a dead-end host. They matured in canid's intestine (e.g. foxes, jackals, wolves, dogs, cats, etc.). AE is seen across the world. It has a high prevalence in the central and northern parts of Europe, North America and Asia. The prevalence of AE was low in the past, even in hyper endemic regions. But in recent decade, unfortunately, it seems to increase and spread rapidly. One of the most important reasons is the development and expanding of cities and villages, which lead to jackals and foxes colonization and migration to urban locations. This helps them to have closer connection with human population, canids and other appropriate hosts for dispreading the infection. In the present study, we discuss about the life cycle of E. multilocularis and its etiology and epidemiology as an important neglected zoonotic parasite. In canid as final hosts, infection is not malignant and significant clinical signs are usually never seen, unless in very unusual heavy infections. However, in contrast, infection in humans is very dangerous, and even more serious than another widespread species, Echinococcus granulosus that causes cystic echinococcosis (CE) (1) . Although human infected cases are less than cystic echinococcosis, but due to the dangerous nature of this disease with a high mortality, it has a special place in public health. Actually, alveolococcosis is highly lethal and is one of the most fatal human parasite. For 20 years from 1990 to 2010, it caused close to 1200 cases of human deaths (2) . Development of alveolar hydatid cyst takes several months and even years. It often occurs in vital organs causing a cancer-like destruction, especially in the liver which is called white liver cancer, but it can metastasize and spread to other parts of intermediate host tissues. Separation of a part of cyst's germinal layer and moving through the blood stream to other organs is the cause of the severity of this chronic disease and its poor prognosis. Slow growth without representing specified symptoms is a bad problem for intermediate host. Although in the progressive level of the disease, it causes pains and discomfort in right abdominal region with some symptoms such as cirrhosis.


The invention relates to a novel paper reinforcement plant-based composite material and a preparation method thereof. The composite material consists of plants, paper, bonding agents and polyurethane. The reinforcement method is characterized in that a paper reinforcement inner layer is introduced based on the reinforcement of the surface layer of polyurethane, paper reinforcement raw materials are easily available, waste resources can be recycled, the intensity of the composite material is improved effectively, the hygroscopicity is lowered, and the water resistance is intensified, so that the composite material is ordered in structure and universal in formation. By the preparation method of the composite material provided by the invention, raw materials are simple to treat, and dewaxing and washing are not needed; cellulose is not required to be separated individually, and thus a separation step is omitted; the diffusion of dust in an environment is reduced, and thus the health of operators in the field is protected; the preparation method is high in adaptability and easy to implement. The composite material provided by the invention has wide application, and can replace wood and plastics for manufacturing furniture, toys, containers, automobile decorative parts, daily necessities and the like.


This paper analyses the size and determinants of the potential migration flows of Estonian health care professionals using an opinion survey carried out in 2003. Results show that about half of Estonian health care professionals would like to work abroad, either permanently or temporarily, and around 5% have definite plan to go. The results of logistic regression models show that migration intention depends on usual socio-demographic and economic variables like age, gender, marital status, region of living, risk of losing the job, and dissatisfaction with current wages. The share of Estonian health care professionals with intention to work abroad is similar to Hungary and Czech Republic and higher than in Poland and Lithuania. High willingness to work abroad together with active recruitment by Scandinavian health care providers creates difficult and expensive choices for Estonian health policy makers. Acknowledgment: The paper is based on the research of PRAXIS Center for Policy Studies "The emigration potential of health care workers from Estonia: the extent of potential emigration, impact on the additional need for health care workers, and policy alternatives". The research was funded by the Estonian Ministry of Social Affairs and the report of the project was published on the Internet on 21 June 2004. The authors would like to thank Ruta Kruuda, Maris Jesse, Jarno Habicht, Raul-Allan Kiivet, Pille Saar and seminar participants at PRAXIS for their comments. Migration Intensions of Health Care Professionals 169


Chiral gauge groups acting on a lattice fermion field are constructed such that all fermion modes (doublers) have the same charge. Details are given for an abelian axial gauge group within a perturbative framework. An action based on this group correctly reproduces the continuum gauge-current anomaly, while preserving global chiral symmetry, locality, rotational symmetry and hermiticity. A Wess-Zumino-like scalar field enters naturally to enforce exact chiral gauge invariance. The degeneracy amongst the doublers can be lifted as in a vector model.


We formulate large [Formula: see text] duality of [Formula: see text] refined Chern–Simons theory with a torus knot/link in [Formula: see text]. By studying refined BPS states in M-theory, we provide the explicit form of low-energy effective actions of Type IIA string theory with D4-branes on the [Formula: see text]-background. This form enables us to relate refined Chern–Simons invariants of a torus knot/link in [Formula: see text] to refined BPS invariants in the resolved conifold. Assuming that the extra [Formula: see text] global symmetry acts on BPS states trivially, the duality predicts graded dimensions of cohomology groups of moduli spaces of M2–M5 bound states associated to a torus knot/link in the resolved conifold. Thus, this formulation can be also interpreted as a positivity conjecture of refined Chern–Simons invariants of torus knots/links. We also discuss about an extension to non-torus knots.


The Mediterranean Forecasting System (MFS) Ocean Model, provided by INGV, has been chosen as case study to analyze Lagrangian trajectory predictability by means of a dynamical systems approach. To this regard, numerical trajectories are tested against a large amount of Mediterranean drifter data, used as sample of the actual tracer dynamics across the sea. The separation rate of a trajectory pair is measured by computing the Finite-Scale Lyapunov Exponent (FSLE) of first and second kind. An additional kinematic Lagrangian model (KLM), suitably treated to avoid "sweeping"-related problems, has been nested into the MFS in order to recover, in a statistical sense, the velocity field contributions to pair particle dispersion, at mesoscale level, smoothed out by finite resolution effects. Some of the results emerging from this work are: (a) drifter pair dispersion displays Richardson's turbulent diffusion inside the [10–100] km range, while numerical simulations of MFS alone (i.e., without subgrid model) indicate exponential separation; (b) adding the subgrid model, model pair dispersion gets very close to observed data, indicating that KLM is effective in filling the energy "mesoscale gap" present in MFS velocity fields; (c) there exists a threshold size beyond which pair dispersion becomes weakly sensitive to the difference between model and "real" dynamics; (d) the whole methodology here presented can be used to quantify model errors and validate numerical current fields, as far as forecasts of Lagrangian dispersion are concerned.


Recent developments in engineering optimization allow choosing the best input values thereby enhancing the effectiveness of any equipment. Overall Equipment Effectiveness (OEE) is a performance measure which employs factors such as availability rate, performance rate and quality rate to determine the efficiency of a manufacturing system. In this paper, Overall Equipment Effectiveness (OEE) is optimized using Genetic Algorithm to achieve the best utilization of the plant resources. The availability rate of the machine, performance rate of the machine and quality rate of the products are considered as parameters while maximizing the Overall Equipment Effectiveness (OEE) of a manufacturing system. It is found that the lagging in performance rate contributes more than availability rate and quality rate that deficiency of effectiveness in the system. It is concluded that maintaining the performance rate above 95% will result in effective utilization of the considered manufacturing system.


2 which forms the building blocks for future investigation into diamond-based devices and SPEs for a wide variety of applications. The results presented in this thesis therefore provide a new and interesting platform for applications using defect based nanophotonics.


The article offers an analysis of the James Bond novels and film scripts. The complex concept James Bond: Superman is analyzed and its structure is revealed. An approach to the theory of the plurality of worlds is suggested in terms of the semiotic representation of the concept Superman.


It is known that the unimodular Fourier multipliers are bounded on all modulation spaces for . We extend such boundedness to the case of all and obtain its asymptotic estimate as t goes to infinity. As applications, we give the grow-up rate of the solution for the Cauchy problems for the free Schrodinger equation with the initial data in a modulation space, as well as some mixed norm estimates. We also study the boundedness for the operator , for the case and Finally, we investigate the boundedness of the operator for and obtain the local well-posedness for the Cauchy problem of some nonlinear partial differential equations with fundamental semigroup .


In this paper performance of Walsh-Hadamard sequences (WHS) for binary encoding of radar signals is described. It is shown that between WHS with length 8, 16 and 32 it is possible to find a set of orthogonal sequences with good properties. Probability of correct range detection of selected WHS in presence of active noise jamming is described and it is compared with cases when Barker code is used for binary encoding of radar signals and when widely used linear frequency modulation inside pulse duration is used to spread spectrum of radar signals.


Recently, the impact of deployment, especially war-zone experiences on the well-being of military personnel and veterans, has received much attention. Findings show that combat exposure may be linked to an array of negative health consequences, including posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), for the deployed individual and stress that is placed on the family. Married U.S. college students from Camp Lejeune and Fort Bragg, North Carolina, were asked to complete a survey measuring depression, anxiety, social support, and marital satisfaction. Comparisons of means between participants with spouses in the military and participants with a civilian spouse showed no significant differences in depression and anxiety. Participants with a military spouse did report significantly higher social support, and the same group was more likely to report marital discord. Implications for these findings, especially the prevalence of high marital discord associated with lengthy military deployment, are discussed.


This ethnographic comic presents research that was conducted in Makhanda (previously Grahamstown) in the Eastern Cape of South Africa. The comic only tells a partial story, based on ethnographic and historical research, relating to soccer, nostalgia, hope and violence. It shifts between contemporary soccer spaces and memories of the formation of the first official township clubs in the early 1970s and the Grahamstown Soccer Association (GRASA) in 1975. The use of comics for research dissemination and forms of knowledge translation is becoming increasingly common across a number of academic disciplines including anthropology. The comic I present in this section highlights how drawing and the creation of comics aligns with ethnographic sensibilities that allow for exploring uncertain paths and taking detours within the research process.


Recently, the two-equation turbulence models for simulating velocity fields have been improved variously. It becomes possible that the turbulence models accurately estimate turbulent statistic such as Reynolds stress near wall and the wall asymptotic behavior. The two-equation turbulence models have also been developed on temperature fields, and the models are useful for simulating another turbulent statistic such as turbulent heat fluxes near wall. However, the turbulent combined convection strongly affected by buoyancy, there is little research effort in which an appropriate turbulence model is made to reflect the buoyant effect accurately. In general, it is often difficult to measure the turbulent statistic of the combined convection at a good accuracy, because the influence of temperature fluctuation on various sensors is rather large. Analyzing the turbulent transport phenomena strongly affected by the buoyancy has not even been discussed empirically owing to the difficulty of the measurement. In particular, the behavior of the turbulent Prandtl number has not been addressed numerically and empirically for the buoyant dominant flow such as the combined convection. Therefore, in this study, the buoyant components were introduced to the turbulent fluxes such as Reynolds stress and turbulent heat fluxes; the turbulent transport phenomena of the combined convection were modeled by adding several buoyant-induced components to the expressions of the turbulent fluxes. The turbulent transport mechanism of the combined convection was also examined by applying a new damping function being applicable to both the aiding and the opposing flows. The calculation target is the fully-developed turbulent combined convection between vertical smooth parallel plates, where the inertia force acts on parallel or opposite to the buoyant force. The wall is heated uniformly. The numerical computation was performed by combining the two-equation turbulence models of the different type being applicable to both the velocity and the temperature fields. It was revealed from a series of computations that the utilized model simulates the heat transfer and fluid flow of the turbulent combined convection physically. Confirming the applicability of the two-equation turbulence models to the turbulent combined convection is important. Realizing the industrial convenience by using more appropriate and simpler turbulence models with the aid of the empirical knowledge is also necessary.


We characterize classes of multi-graphs that by a transformation of Schrijver give so called invariant ring in tensor algebra. This property enables us subsequently to show, that whenever we have an edge reflection positive and multiplicative graph parameter defined on this class such that its value on vertexless loop is a natural number, it can be represented in edge coloring model.


Teacher education research draws a link between teachers' access to resources and effect on planning practices, yet gaps exist in the study of how educator find, access, and use online information. This paper presents study findings from research that investigated the online information seeking behaviors of biology teachers and their perceptions of how their online activities influence their instructional practices. The often overlapping roles of teachers as both facilitators and recipients of information through formal and informal online social networks are discussed. Study findings have potential implications for schoollibrary media specialists work with teachers.


Since many students leave engineering without experiencing the excitement of engineering design, a two week program was initiated summer 2012 at the University of South Alabama for high-achieving incoming engineering students. The program introduced students to two highly popular areas: robotics and composite materials. The participants were exposed to a graphical programming tool, LabVIEWTM, which is widely used in engineering curricula, and used the tool to program LEGO MINDSTORM® robots. This combination provided immediate, visual, verification of project solutions. The students quickly gained skills and facility with both tools, creatively addressing the various assigned tasks. Preliminary assessments indicate that the program was highly successful in capturing the interest of the participants and should lead to increased retention of these students in engineering. Introduction Recruiting, teaching and retaining students in engineering programs is a national problem that has been addressed in many, varied ways. The University of South Alabama has implemented a novel program to improve retention in engineering, especially among high achieving students. A pilot program, Freshman Research Experience in Engineering (FREE), was conducted last summer with extremely successful outcomes. Funding for program instruction and materials was provided through Alabama NSF EPSCoR, so there were no costs to the participants. Students spent two weeks immersed in interdisciplinary engineering topics ranging from robotics to composite materials. LabVIEWTM programming was integrated into each topic. The students explored instrumentation, sensors, and control using Lego Robots. They also used LabVIEW to investigate material properties and behavior for metals, polymers, and composites. A series of short lectures introduced the topics and were followed by hands-on interactive laboratory sessions, culminating in an open ended design project. A companion thread for the program was critical thinking which is fundamental to excelling in an engineering curriculum. Following a brief exposure to basic concepts, the students took an on-line test to evaluate their critical thinking skills before beginning the workshop activities. The same test was administered as a post test, with more than a 10 % increase in their skills. The maximum increase was over 30%; interestingly, this was an underrepresented minority student, whose score dramatically improved from the lower end to the high end of the group. This suggests that these types of activities may be quite successful for underrepresented populations, and should be investigated further. The research activities were conducted in a team environment, hence the students had strong teaming experiences and are able to work more effectively and collaboratively in their engineering coursework. The students also interacted one-on-one with both undergraduate and graduate students majoring in computer, electrical, and mechanical engineering. Page 23932.2 Highly motivated, inquisitive incoming freshmen were identified for the program, based on ACT scores, high school GPAs and completed high school coursework (math, chemistry, and physics). Admissions decisions were based on academic achievement and interest (demonstrated through an essay). The program was offered to 60 students (27% of the incoming freshman engineering class) and 12 were accepted for the program. Due to cost constraints and unknown demand, the program did not include a residential component. While the initial assumption was that most of the participants would be from the local area, half of the students came from distant cities and stayed on campus or with relatives. Formal assessment of the program is underway. However, preliminary results are extremely positive, with both faculty and students highly satisfied with the program activities. FREE participants were genuinely excited about learning new things – and they were able to quickly pick up the concepts. In fact, they requested a challenging last task. Their parents were also exposed to their activities, through demonstrations on the final day. It was obvious that the program ignited interest in engineering. Initial data also indicates that FREE has a positive impact on student success and on student retention in engineering. The program will be expanded for coming summers. Summer Program FREE was designed to introduce students to two main engineering disciplines: electrical and computer engineering and mechanical and materials engineering. LabVIEW and the LEGO MINDSTORMS® platform were selected as tools for the program. LabVIEW is an especially useful tool, which engineering students repeatedly encounter during their undergraduate careers. LEGO Mindstorm robots give students an intuitive approach to programming, with immediate, visual results. Recruitment Funding for the program was identified late in the spring semester, so there wasn't time to reach out to high school students who might be encouraged to major in engineering. It was decided to advertise the program during the summer orientation sessions for incoming students. Students with ACT scores of 28 or above (60 students / 27 % of freshman class) were individually contacted and given details of the summer program. Additional underrepresented students with high math scores or high school coursework in Calculus were also contacted about the program.


The effects of propolis and phenolic compounds (caffeic acid – Caf; dihydrocinnamic acid – Cin; p‐coumaric acid – Cou) in the same quantity found in our propolis sample were investigated on human laryngeal epidermoid carcinoma (HEp‐2) cells.


This study explains the procedure that should be taken to develop a successful wind park project. It Provide guideline for activities and studies to be done step by step solution. This study follow a chronological flow through the development process. They cover Technical consideration, Assessment of Wind Energy Resource, Wind park siting and Energy yield calculation. It's build on the experience gained by the Youngduk Wind Park project and give the playa role in the development of wind energy projects. It is important to understand all theses issues if a new project is to be successfully completed.


1 In his 1949 paper, "The completeness of the first-order calculus", Henkin developed what is now called the method of (individual) terms to establish that every consistent set of statements of a first-order language L has a model of cardinality α, a the number of statements of L. The idea is to start with such a set S, construct a so-called term-extension L of L by adding a new terms to the vocabulary of L, extend 5 to a maximally consistent and term-complete set Soo of statements of L, and construct a model of S& whose domain consists of the terms of L. When restricted to L, the model in question automatically constitutes one of S. Henkin's result has come to be known as the Strong Completeness Theorem for First-Order L. Another, and more familiar, version of the theorem has it that if a statement A ofL is true in every model of a set S of statements ofL, then A is provable from S. Henkin himself did not bother to prove this. He merely proved the special case of it, known as the Weak Completeness Theorem for First-Order L9 where S is 0 . A model like the one Henkin constructed for his set Ŝ , is commonly known as a Henkin model. It is the kind of model in which each member of the domain "has a name". Henkin accomplished this by making each member of his domain a name of itself, a radical move at the time. In consequence, though, the restriction of his model to L does not constitute a Henkin model of S, a pity in the event that S does have such a model. To commemorate the publication of Henkin's paper, we offer here two new completeness proofs for first-order Z,. The language considered by Henkin had an unspecified number of terms to start with, but those played no special role in his proof. The one we construct in Section 2 has denumerably many, and these will play a crucial role in our proofs. In the first of them, begun in Section 3 and concluded in Section 5, no new terms will be added; in the second, presented in Section 5 and relating to truth-value semantics, denumerably many will be. The proofs are sharpenings of proofs of Leblanc's in [10]. They have two cases each, Case One minding the consistent sets of statements of L that extend without the


Permanent Split Capacitor (PSC) Motor is a type of single-phase induction motor which widely used and one of circuit to run the water pump. The water pump is needed in the irrigation of agricultural land. If the location of agricultural land is not supplied with electricity grid, then the Water Pump may be driven by solar modules. This paper describes a design of power electronics system that convert DC Power from Solar Panels into AC Power for supplying the PSC Motor. The idea of this paper is to look at the speed characteristics of PSC Motor from the effect of sunlight Irradiance. The system is simulated using MATLAB-Simulink R2015a. The system driver consist of Push Pull Converter and Full Bridge Inverter type. DC voltage of the solar panel is raised to 311 V using Push Pull Converter, then the voltage is converted into AC voltage using the full bridge inverter. PSC Motor models and solar module models are using the available models in the MATLAB-Simulink R2015a library. The Motor Capacitor models is using the Single Phase Asynchronous Machine models and Capacitor of 16 μF. The Motor parameters is using the parameters that have been proposed by Hrabovcova V. The solar Modules use the MEMC Singapore MEMC-M250ACA-20. In this research, the solar panel was given the sunlight Irradiance with 5 conditions, the condition is: Irradiance 1000 W/m2, 800 W/m2, 600 W/m2, 400 W/m2, and 200 W/m2. The effect of sunlight Irradiances shows the speed characteristics of PSC motor that follows logarithmic trendline.


In this corpus study, it is asked whether young children speaking European French build their early syntax around grammatical or lexical words. Specifically, the study examines the relationship of grammatical and lexical words in three types of syntactic structures (determiner–noun, pronoun–verb and subject pronoun–verb). The corpus included 315 samples from children aged 24–48 months, a period of rapid growth in grammatical morphology and syntax. The results of a series of stepwise multiple regression analyses indicate that prepositions and auxiliaries explain the unique variance in determiner–noun and determiners and prepositions explain the unique variance in pronoun–verb and subject pronoun–verb combinations better than lexical categories. All these strong predictors support the view that grammatical words guide and facilitate syntactic knowledge. Early grammar is based not on a lexicon but on basic grammatical relationships that young children build gradually, making use of the formal distributional properties of their native language.


Objective To observe morphological changes of lumbar disc protrusion (LDP) of post- treatment with massage and traction therapy.Method 120 cases of patients with LDP were underwent computed tomography(CT) scanning of lumbar vertebra and were treated with massage and traction therapy.After the treatments were finished, CT re- scanning of 120 patients were performed. Morphological appearances of first and second CT were comparatively analysed.Result Excellence and good rate of massage and traction therapy for LDP were 78.33% . No differences were found between pre- treatment and post- treatment in relation to extent of bulge, extrusion and protrusion of lumbar disc,anteroposterior distance of lumbar vertebral canal, width of lateral recess, number and distribution of end plate herniation. Conclusion Massage and traction therapy could alleviate clinical symptom and sign of LDP, but can not obviously influence appearance of lumbar disc protrusion.


This article will aim to study the cost accounting in the issue of accounting deduction to the National Institute of Social Security (INSS). In this sense, the problem to be discussed is how and which accounting fundamentals are necessary for this type of operation to be carried out in the accounting context by business institutions. Therefore, a bibliographic survey of the most recent productions was carried out on the topic addressed. From the reading of specific texts related to the theme, it was understood that in order to obtain a coherent understanding of the general object of this work there is a need to explain brief concepts about general accounting, cost accounting and accounting cost, to, finally, explain and delimit the object of this work: the accounting of costs and the sending of the payment to the INSS.


In this paper,the antagonistic spectrum and stability of B5 strain,which was isolated from the sea water of Weihai and classified as streptomyces,was studied.The fungicidal activities against 15 pathogens and 3 bacteria were studied by means of mycelium growth rate and diffusion methods,respectively.The results showed that the efficacy of fermentation was above 80 percent against 13 pathogens,the diameters of inhibition zone against 3 bacteria were more than 15mm.The results showed that it was stabile to heat and acid,but unstabile to alkali.By comparing with the curves of classical antibiotics in Doskochilova system,the active ingredients in the fermentation were identified as alkaline and water-soluble compounds.


distributed evenly through the gland with the exception of an area of decreased uptake in the neck of the pancreas. There is marked variation in the position of the body and tail. Reproducibility of the scan is satisfactory. Pancreatic tumQurs: Either a circumscribed filling defect is seen or there is diffuse failure of isotope uptake. In the Zollinger-Ellison syndrome there may be increased isotope uptake; insulinomas manifest as filling defects (Brown et al. 1968). Pancreatitis: In the acute episode there may be failure of isotope uptake in part or the whole of the pancreas. The scan may revert to normal within three weeks of an attack. The scan is abnormal in about 75% of patients with chronic pancreatitis. Distortion of the pancreatic outline may occur with extrapancreatic lesions such as retroperitoneal tumours and aneurysms of the abdominal aorta. There may be diffuse failure of isotope uptake in genetic diabetes mellitus and following prolonged fasting, vagotomy or gastric surgery. Uptake of 75Se-selenomethionine by the bowel or liver usually does not give rise to interpretative difficulties unless there is overlap of the pancreas by the liver. This may occur as an anatomical variant but is a constant feature when there is hepatomegaly. Under these circumstances it is usually possible to give an interpretative comment by studying reinforcement patterns. However, about 10% of all scans are unreadable and a further 10% are interpreted with little confidence. Subtraction techniques have been used to overcome these difficulties (Eaton et al. 1967). We have attempted to improve our diagnostic accuracy in the following ways: (1) The pancreatic scan has been combined with hypotonic duodenography. In a study of 50 patients using correlated duodenography and photoscans the scan reporting was rendered more objective in 50% of cases (McCarthy et al. 1969). (2) Isotope activity has been counted over set areas of liver, pancreas and bowel and expressed as absolute values and ratios. We have found that usually this information does not add to the diagnostic accuracy of reporting (Agnew et al. 1969), although occasionally it may be helpful when taken in the context of other data. (3) On theoretical grounds 7"Se-selenocystine might be a suitable agent for scanning the pancreas. Experiments were undertaken in both rabbits and man using DLrqesoand L-selenocystine. A significant fraction of the dose is rapidly cleared by the kidney but the pancreatic uptake is poor. Neither compound offers any advantage over 7"Se-L-selenomethionine (Melmed etal. 1969). As currently practised pancreatic scanning complements other techniques for investigatg pancreatic morphology and function. When the scan is abnormal it is usually not possible to tell with certainty the nature of the pathology solely on the appearance of the isotope uptake. In our experience a normal scan is very good grounds for excluding disease in the gland.


The phenomenon of academic procrastination often occurs, so it has become a habit. It has been formed since childhood, one of them through parenting patterns that indirectly have an impact on children's learning processes, so that academic procrastination behavior created in students can also be indicated as a result of parenting from an early age. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between parenting and academic procrastination on students. This research is a quantitative correlational research with cluster sampling technique,, which take subjects to students of 2015, 2016, and 2017 at the Faculty of Psychology, University of Muhammadiyah Malang with a research subject of 505 students. The measuring instrument used is the scale of student academic procrastination and the scale of parenting parents. The results of the research that have been conducted show that there is a relationship between parenting and academic procrastination. Parenting that has a significant relationship with academic procrastination is authoritative, authoritarian, and neglect parenting while permissive parenting does not have a significant relationship with academic procrastination (r = 0.125; p = 0.005)


This study attempts to find the existence, execution and outcome of emotional labour in the work of community healthcare workers. Through a ten-month field study comprising in-depth interviews with 26 accredited social health workers (ASHAs), we found that their work requires emotional labour. Our study shows that they use 'attached approach', which is similar to deep acting, and 'detached approach', which is similar to surface acting, to perform emotional labour. We also found that surface acting resulted in minimal negative effect in case of negative situation and in well-being due to attenuation of work benefits in case of positive situation at the workplace. Deep acting in a positive situation led to emotional permeability between work and personal life, whereas in the event of a negative situation, it led to stress. Furthermore, deep acting decreases their effectiveness and efficiency due to associated stress that could have detrimental effects on the beneficiaries of healthcare.


An α-amylase component from malted barley was isolated and purified using aqueous extraction at pH 8·0, heat treatment of the extract at 70°C, specific precipitation with glycogen and ion exchange chromatography on carboxymethyl (CM) and diethylaminoethyl (DEAE) cellulose. The enzyme preparation was shown to be pure by disc electrophoresis at pH 8·9 and iso-electricfocusing on polyacrylamide gel in a pH 4–8 gradient.


Cheltenham's Midsummer Fiesta is bidding to bag a massive cash boost from the Tesco 'Bags of Help' initiative and its organisers are delighted to have been shortlisted to receive funding.


Motion analysis is the systematic and usually quantitative study of the movements of humans, animals, organisms, cells, or other entities as recorded on movie film or video tape. Despite the utility of computer-aided motion analysis to many biological, social, and physical sciences, its role has been limited because it is so time-consuming and so expensive. Automated techniques can only be used on real images in very special cases; interactive techniques have involved laborious frame by frame operations.
 In recent years, Futrelle and Potel have revolutionized the process of interactive motion analysis by demonstrating how to digitize entire motions with a single sketch rather than with a sequence of operations on each constituent frame. However, their GALA-TEA system is applicable only to film and not to video tape records, and consists of equipment which cannot easily be engineered into a reliable and mass-producible laboratory instrument.
 The paper describes a prototype laboratory instrument for the interactive motion analysis of video tape records. The prototype includes a host PDP 11/45 computer, an experimental display processor called SPIWRIT, and a microprocessor-controlled video disk. SPIWRIT generates a computer-animated video representation of the phenomenon being analysed, and superimposes it on the actual video record being streamed from the video disk. SPIWRIT's bit-slice microprogrammable display processor produces true animation on a colour raster display by decoding segmented display file images into alternate halves of a double frame buffer.


The article substantiates the methodical principles of determining the efficiency of innovative activity in agricultural enterprises. It is emphasized that the technology of introducing innovations into the activities of agricultural enterprises should be considered as a sequence of four stages: development of innovations, their validation, reconstruction and implementation. Two main approaches to the evaluation of performance indicators are distinguished: dynamic (discounting methods), which take into account the different value of money over time– net discounted income; internal discount rate, profitability index; static (simple) methods that do not take into account the principle of the time value of money – profitability indicators; investment payback period; rate of return on investment. For a complete analysis of the effectiveness of innovative activities in agricultural enterprises, it is proposed to divide the process of evaluating the effectiveness of innovative projects into the following stages: First stage – innovative projects are evaluated by non-economic indicators. Each indicator is subject to expert risk assessment, and even risk assessment taking into account the weight of the indicator. With the help of expert evaluations, the cost factor of each indicator is found. Based on the results of the examination, the risk level of the innovative project is determined. The advantage of this approach is a combination of technological and strategic aspects, as well as simplification of the assessment in conditions of uncertainty of science-intensive innovative projects. The second stage is to evaluate projects using the method of real options, using the tree of project uncertainty modeling events. The third stage is to calculate the economic efficiency of the project using the method of cash flow discounting (NPV, IRR, PI, DPP indicators). The fact that the introduction of innovations in agriculture is related to the cultivation of new varieties is emphasized as the methodological basis of the research. crop production, cattle breeding, production of equipment, new energy-saving technologies, etc. Therefore, innovative activity in agricultural enterprises is implemented in three directions: innovations in the field of the human factor; innovations in the field of biological factors; innovations in the field of technological factors.


Background: Social accountability encompasses a variety of strategies that enable citizens to express their concerns about the performance of health-care services. Community dialogues provide a forum for community engagement and participation in the health care system. However, there is little documentation on how it is used to improve social accountability within government community health structures. The purpose of this study was to determine the influence of community dialogues on social accountability in Nairobi County, Kenya.Methods: A qualitative study was conducted that included in-depth interviews with key stakeholders purposively selected. A total of three focus group discussions with 23 participants, eight key informant interviews and document review of minutes were conducted. Data analysis was done using thematic analysis.Results: Findings showed that community dialogues were held quarterly. The forums were mostly used for education purposes with little evidence on community engagement. Minutes showed what the community health assistant and community health volunteer said to the community with minimal input from the community members. Feedback was a challenge because the health management team hardly attended community dialogues due to logistic and workload issues.Conclusions: There is need of practical strengthening community dialogues through use of tools like chalk board and community scorecard as advocated in the community health policy. However, in practice, these tools were hardly used resulting to missed opportunity for the community to voice their opinions on health services.


This clinical research paper summerazed the 3-year long study, performed by interventional specialists and scientists as well and designated to assess the efficacy the percutaneous coronary intervention with the different types of coronary stents.


The important influence of marketing strategy to a business's survival or development under condition of market competition being transferred from "sellers' market" to "buyers' market" for metallurgical businesses in China is discussed. The present problems in marketing of metallurgical businesses are analyzed, some suggestions and counter-measures proposed.


We investigate the influence of changes in demography, the strength of the economy, and social policies on teen birth rates in the U.S. from 1981 to 1999, a period of wildly fluctuating rates. We find that demographic and social policy changes largely counteracted one another during this period with the growth in the Hispanic population as the primary factor driving rates up, and the tightening of the Child Support Enforcement program as the primary factor pushing rates down. Our results suggest that if the demographic variables that we measure had remained at their 1981 levels, teens would have had 340,000 (or 3.6 percent) fewer births than were observed over this period. At the same time, if welfare benefits and Child Support Enforcement expenditures had remained at their 1981 levels, teens would have had almost 484,000 (or 5.2 percent) more births than observed. Although related to teen birth rates, the economy does not appear to have played much of a role in the trend in teen birth rates.


Multiple system atrophy (MSA) is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by glial cytoplasmic inclusions (GCIs) 1 composed of α -synuclein aggregates as neuropathological hall-marks. 2 In vivo visualization of α -synuclein pathologies poten-tially offers diagnostic assessments of MSA, but has been challenging because of the lack of sensitive imaging agents. We developed a new small-molecule ligand for α -synuclein fi brils, 18 F-SPAL-T-06 (PCT/JP2021/030899), as a candidate positron emission tomography (PET) probe for α -syn-ucleinopathies. Non-clinical characterization of this compound was performed as described in our assessments of other α -synuclein imaging probes. 3 Here, we report our fi rst-in-human PET study for patients with two MSA subtypes. We enrolled three patients with the clinical diagnosis of probable MSA according to the second consensus statement on the diagnosis of MSA, 4 along with a 72-year-old healthy control (HC). All subjects were judged as amyloid-negative by visual assessment of 11 C-Pittsburgh compound-B-PET images. The patients consisted of two cases with MSA with predominant parkinsonism (MSA-P) and one case with MSA with predominant cerebellar ataxia (MSA-C). Detailed clinical and demographic information on these individuals is provided in Supporting Data. This study was approved by the certi fi ed review board (jRCTs031210180). We performed PET scans with 18 F-SPAL-T-06 for all subjects and used PET data at 100 – 120 min after the radioligand injection to estimate the radioligand retention as standardized uptake value ratio to the cerebellar cortex, which was con-ceived to bear no marked α -synuclein burden. Notably, we observed enhanced 18


Most gastroenterologists and current textbooks1 2 3 recommend that patients who have had widespread ulcerative colitis for 7 to 10 years should be entered into a surveillance program designed to detect colonic dysplasia (precancer). This involves frequent colonoscopies with multiple mucosal biopsies. The recommended frequency of colonoscopy is any time from every year to every three years. Although there is no clear rationale for choosing one interval over another, the Medical Knowledge Self-Assessment Profile, a publication of the American College of Physicians, states that patients with long-term extensive ulcerative colitis should have a colonoscopy every year.4 The argument for surveillance in such . . .


While game-theoretic approaches have been proposed for addressing complex security resource allocation problems, many of the standard game-theoretic assumptions fail to address human adversaries who security forces will likely face. To that end, approaches have been proposed that attempt to incorporate better models of human decision-making in these security settings. We take a new approach where instead of trying to create a model of human decision-making, we leverage ideas from robust optimization techniques. In addition, we extend our approach and the previous best performing approach to also address human anchoring biases under limited observation conditions. To evaluate our approach, we perform a comprehensive examination comparing the performance of our new approach against the current leading approaches to addressing human adversaries. Finally, in our experiments we take the first ever analysis of some demographic information and personality measures that may influence decision making in security games.


genetic information is translated from a nucleic acid code into an amino acidic language to make proteins. Global protein synthesis rates have a key role in governing cell growth, the control of cell size, and cell proliferation. Changes in the levels of specific regulatory proteins involved in the translation process may affect the translation rates and the amount of produced proteins. Thus, the regulation of gene expression is a crucial step in cellular physiology considering that subtle defects in the mechanism of translational control may lead to either cell malignancy or cell death. Protein synthesis is mainly regulated at the initiation step. In eukaryotes, initiation can be divided into two steps: formation of a 48S initiation complex and its joining with a 60S subunit [1]. First, the eukaryotic initiation factors eIF3, eIF1, eIF1A and eIF2-GTP-Met-tRNAi bind to the 40S ribosomal subunit to form a 43S preinitiation complex. This complex subsequently attaches to the 5′-proximal region of mRNAs, after which eIF4A, 4B and 4F unwind their secondary structure. The 43S complex then scans the 5′ untranslated region in the 5′–3′ direction until the initiation codon, where it stops and forms a 48S complex with codon–anticodon base-pair-ing through eIF5. Second, eIF5B promotes the displacement of the eukaryotic initiation factors and the subsequent joining of 48S complex with the 60S subunit [1]. The largest and more complex eukaryotic initiation factor , which plays a role in translation regulation, cell growth and cancer, is eIF3. This review is focused on the function of the f-subunit of eIF3 (eIF3f) in the translation regulation process. An analysis of its physiological significance and its intracellular interacting partners involved in translational regulation both in cancer and muscle cells is sequentially detailed. The aim is to delineate the global eIF3f interaction network and to clarify its intracellular role in order to validate eIF3f as a lead candidate to use for biotherapeutic applications. Abstract The regulation of the protein synthesis has a crucial role in governing the eukaryotic cell growth. Subtle changes of proteins involved in the translation process may alter the rate of the protein synthesis and modify the cell fate by shifting the balance from normal status into a tumoral or apoptotic one. The largest eukaryotic initiation factor involved in translation regulation is eIF3. Amongst the 13 factors constituting eIF3, the f subunit finely regulates this balance in a cell-type-specific manner. Loss of this factor causes malignancy in …


Farmers as the earliest stage in supply chain netwo rks are usually weak and have no bargaining power i n commodities pricing, because the commodities availa bility depends on season and has a very high potent ial for damage before be processed into specific produc ts. So the price of agricultural commodities has a very high risk of fluctuations compared to the price of a inished product. As the farming profession becom es less attractive to farmers engaged in that could th reaten the supply of agricultural products as raw m aterials for industry and national food security. Therefore it is necessary to develop a fairly commodities pri cing mechanism to encourage more farmers so that the sup ply of agricultural products can be sustained. One method to formulate a fair pricing mechanism for fa rmers is utility risk balancing. This paper will ex plain a pricing model at farm level by consensus using stak eholder dialogue approach which is based on balanci ng the fuzzy risk utility preference that will be face d by all levels of the supply chain members. Fuzzy risk utility optimization was used to get consensus of s upply chain stakeholder dialogue while basic risk u tility function was derived by using fuzzy regression appr oach. The model is validated in the corn supply cha in management to determine the corn price at farmer le v l using the risk constraints of each stakeholder.


Sustainable development has become the mainstream of modern development. It is seen at the various government policies in many countries around the world and other substantial institutions. Sustainable development has three main aspects, namely: (a) economic development; (b) ecological sustain, and (c) social equity. Assessment of sustainable management on KKPD Biak Numfor uses MDS (Multi-Dimensional Scaling) approach by using Rapfish software. The data used in this study include primary and secondary data. The results of analysis obtained that the four dimensions of sustainable management of KKPD Biak Numfor were classified sustained with each ordinate value as follows; ecological dimension (59.90%), the economic dimension (57.13%), the socio-culture dimension (51.80%) and institutional dimensions (43.48%). The attributes which used as sustainability management lever had 7 (seven) attributes, included; three attributes of ecological dimension (pelagic fish stocks, water quality and abundance of reef fish), two attributes of economic dimension (tourism and aquaculture), one attribute of socio-culture dimension (ethnicity), and one attribute of institutional dimension (economic institutions).


With global energy market liberalization, the demand for electricity is essential information for electrical companies. The need for electricity is expressed with the demand for electric power in function of time. The purpose of this paper is to find a mathematical model for the relation between electric Power and Time, using linear regression through the programming language R. In order to find this model we used electric Power data from the Load Profile of an electrical substation (110/35/10 kV). The aggregations of data are done through R for acquiring and analyzing daily, weekly and monthly loads as well as calculation of statistical parameters.


Glanville Williams' Textbook of Criminal Law is an exposition and evaluation of the criminal law. Now updated and rewritten for modern criminal law courses, the author, Dennis Baker, brings back the classic style of Glanville Williams' insight in this 1500 page volume. The book contains nearly 40 chapters and covers the core topics in criminal law in great detail. The book is both theoretical and doctrinal: it is written for a common law audience and discusses not only thousands of cases from England and Wales, but also from the United States, Canada and Australia. Originally authored by the highly respected Glanville Williams, the first two editions of the book are the most cited English textbook of criminal law in the world (see Fred R. Shapiro, The Most-Cited Legal Books Published Since 1978, 29 J. Legal Stud. 397 (2000). The book covers a very wide range of topics with a sustained and penetrating analysis that will appeal to professional lawyers and barristers in addition to students of law.


In the past ten years, both the publishing of Chinese e-books and the introduction of foreign e-books have undergone tremendous changes in terms of quantity, scale and form in China. The Chinese e-books have developed from the digitization of printed books by three major integrators to the synchronous publication with that of printed books through cooperation with over 500 publishing houses. This paper aims to explore the current development of e-books in China and analysis its characteristics and problems, especially from the viewpoint of library. This paper discusses the development of e-books in China from the aspects of the Chinese e-book industry, homegrown e-books by libraries and the introduction of foreign e-books, and analyses the use pattern of e-books in China, especially the mobile reading and the library using. At last, it summarizes the tendency and problem of the e-book development


Besides the history and philosophy of science and logic, all other areas of philosophy are covered as well. Thus, there are entries on person (Person), duty (Pflicht), law (Recht), rationality (Rationalitat), scholastic philosophy (Scholastik), scepticism (Skeptizismus) and Seinsvergessenheit (I don't know how to translate this Heideggerian term) that are for the most part clear and concise. The breadth of philosophers covered is well exemplified by the following three consecutive entries: Richard Rorty, Roscelin von Compiegne (the mediaeval nominalist), and Karl Rosenkranz (a 19th-century German philosopher, known for his aesthetic of the ugly). You will also find an article on Carl Schmitt, who was omitted by the Encyclopedia Britannica. Still, the emphasis is on the philosophy of science and on logic. Thus, the article on Plato is no longer than the one on Popper and the article on post hoc, ergo propter hoc is as long as the one on postmodernism. Finally two points should be mentioned. First, the majority of philosophers that participated in this project lean towards a particular interpretation of science—the so-called constructivist program of the Erlanger Schule. This is at least what the editor told us in the preface to the first volume. However, the explanation of this view is confined to articles that deal with the constructivist terminology such as the entries on the principle of pragmatic order (Prinzip der pragmatischen Ordnung) or protophysics (Protophysik). Other articles—as far as I can see—are not presented from this particular viewpoint. Thus, for example, the entries on physics or the special theory of relativity where one might expect a constructivist approach have only brief references to this approach at the very end of the articles. The second point is that the reader will be surprised to find quite a lot of articles on Chinese and Indian philosophy. I was not able to figure out how this fits into the overall conception of the Enzyklopadie. The Enzyklopadie Philosophie und Wissenschaftstheorie is a well organized encyclopedic project with an elaborate system of cross-references and detailed bibliographies usually attached to the articles. The Enzyklopadie thus indeed serves well as an instrument for philosophical inquiry. But it is not only an instrument for professional philosophers. Numerous technical terms are lucidly and concisely explained and many philosophically interesting problems arising from the sciences are discussed in some detail. Thus, everybody who thinks that the development of the sciences are of importance for his or her philosophical interest will greatly benefit from regularly consulting the Enzyklopadie.


The objective of this work was to determine the tendencies of expected values, linear associations, and to define which traits compose the best predictive model for mass of seeds per plant of black and pinto bean genotypes from different regions of Rio Grande do Sul. The experiments were conducted in the agricultural years of (2015-2017). The expected values are increased as function of the segregating generation of F2, F3, F4 for first pod insertion height and plant height. Furthermore, black commercial group determines superiority for number of seeds per plant, while pinto genotypes are closely related to increments of mass of seeds per plant. Linear associations are specific to germplasm origin, commercial group and segregating generations of bean genotypes regarding traits of agronomic interest. The predictive model created to increase mass of seeds per plant is specific for germplasm origins and commercial group of beans. Seed yield of pinto genotypes is maximized by plant height and number of seeds per plant. For genotypes of black commercial group, this increase is achieved through plant height, number of pods and seeds per plant in F3 and F4 segregating generations.


A coalition is opposing the Access to Quality Diabetes Education Act of 2015, saying it limits access to care. Here's why, and how the American Association of Diabetes Educators (AADE) is responding.


The Navier-Stokes equations are solved using a high-fidelity time-implicit numerical scheme and an implicit large-eddy simulation approach to investigate plasmabased flow control for supersonic flow over a compression ramp. The configuration includes a flat-plate region to develop an equilibrium turbulent boundary layer at Mach 2.25, which is validated against a set of experimental measurements. The fully turbulent boundary-layer flow interacts with a 24◦ ramp and produces an unsteady shock-induced separation. A control strategy to suppress the separation through a magnetically-driven gliding-arc actuator is explored. The size, strength, and placement of the actuator are developed based on recent experiments. Three control scenarios were examined: steady control, pulsing with a 50% duty cycle, and Joule heating. The results show the control mechanism is very effective at reducing the mean separation length for all three situations. The case without pulsing and Joule heating was the most effective, with a reduction in the separation length by more than 75%. Control was also found to significantly reduce the low-frequency content of the turbulent kinetic energy spectrum.


Abstract : Coefficients of thermal expansion for the three crystallographic axes of alpha-TNT were determined. The coefficient for the intermediate and long axes is about 0.00005 in./in./deg. C, and that for the short axis averages about four times this value. The thermal expansion along the short axis showed marked changes at temperatures from 55 to 65C. Plastic flow was observed along the intermediate and long axes at temperatures 8 or 9C below the melting point. Little or no flow was noted along the short axis. These observations indicate that TNT crystals have anisotropic physical properties. Thermal-shock experiments showed that fracture occurs along the short axis perpendicular to the long axis. Heating curve data did not uncover an energy change for TNT below the melting point.


The effect of different curing time( 0 ~ 80min),curing solution concentration( 8% ~ 23%) and temperature( 0 ~ 30℃) on fat oxidation of chicken wings in curing process was studied. Chicken wings of spent hen( one-two years old) were used as raw materials. The results showed that in curing process salt content of chicken wings increased when curing time was longer. And the increasing speed in 0 ~ 20min were 80 times than in 20 ~80min. Addition of NaCl induced fat oxidation and increased TBARS values of chicken wings significantly( P 0. 05). Salt content and TBARS values of chicken wings were higher when curing solution concentration was higher.When curing time was longer,salt content of chicken wings and TBARS values of curing solution were higher but TBARS values of chicken wings were lower. At low curing temperature in range of 0 to 30℃,TBARS values of chicken wings increased significantly( P 0. 05) with temperature increase.


The thermal acclimatory capacity of a particular species determines its tolerance to environmental changes and affects its survival under future changing climatic conditions. Acclimation effects on physiological traits have been determined in many fish and frog species, but rarely in newts or salamanders. In the present study, we evaluated the physiological acclimatory response of newts. A total of 48 juvenile Chinese fire⁃belly newts ( Cynops orientalis) were collected and acclimated to 15°C, 20°C, and 25°C, which represented the low, intermediate, and high environmental temperatures experienced by C. orientalis during their active period, respectively, over the course of 4 weeks. The locomotor (swimming) performances of individuals were measured at the same three test temperatures in a glass tank (150 cm × 10 cm × 15 cm) filled with water to a depth of 5 cm, and the critical thermal minimum (CTMin) and maximum (CTMax) were determined using a dynamic method. The thermal resistance range (TRR) was calculated as the difference between CTMax and CTMin, and acclimation response ratio (ARR) of CTMin and CTMax was obtained by dividing the tolerance change by the change in acclimation temperature. The results from repeated⁃measures ANOVA analyses revealed that newt swimming speeds were significantly affected by the acclimation and test temperatures. Despite no statistically significant difference, low and intermediate temperature⁃acclimated newts had relatively high mean swimming speeds at 15°C and 20°C, respectively,


Background: neovascular glaucoma (NVG) is a severe condition resulting from ischemia caused by conditions such as central retinal vein occlusion (CRVO), diabetic retinopathy (DR) and chronic uveitis. In NVG, there is neovascularization of the iris (NVI) and anterior chamber angle (NVA) mediated by vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) leads to elevation in the intraocular pressure (IOP). Intracameral injection of Bevacizumab show good result in regression of iris neovascularization. Objective: it was to determine the effect of intracameral injection of bevacizumab on the neo-vessels over the iris, and on the IOP in patients with NVG. Patients and Methods: this research is a comparative, prospective, non-randomized study. Fifteen patients of neovascular glaucoma (NVG) (≥21mmHg) (with rubeosis iridis) were divided into four groups. Group 1 had peripupillary vessel dilatations, group 2 had early neovascularization mainly in the chamber angle plus to peripupillary vessel dilatations, group 3 had prominent rubeosis with/without neovascular glaucoma, group 4 had most advanced rubeosis and injected with a single intracamerlar bevacizumab (0.05 ml at the limbus in the upper temporal quadrant) at Al-Azhar University hospital between March 2017-March 2018. Results: after six months of following up the 15 patients, only group 1 showed complete regression of iris neovascularization; group 2, group 3 showed partial regression at first but finally there was recurrence of iris neovascularization; and group 4 didnot show response at all to the treatment. Conclusion: regression of iris neovascularization was inversely proportional to the pre-injection grade. Lower grades were associated with a better response.


The main objective of the present investigative work is the experimental production of heavy lubricating oil base stocks and the study of the effect of chemical composition on physico-chemical characteristics of the prepared lube oil samples. In the first process, solvent dewaxing, the mixture of methyl ethyl ketone and methyl isobutyl ketone (MEK/MIBK) is used as a recent solvent in the dewaxing process to obtain a significant yield of low pour point products and to compare this mixture with MEK/toluene which is used in the industry process.


Preputial washing and semen of 36 cattle breeding and 27 buffalo breeding bulls were screened for Campylobaete sp. The preputial washings were collected and inoculated after centrifugation and, filtration onselectiye media. Lander'5 transport emichment media was used to collect the preputial washings which were processed after 6--8 h. The plates were incubated at 37°e temperature under microaerobic environment for 3-4 days. Cmplpylobacter spp. were isolated and identifed on the basis of characteristic colonies, dilute carbol {uschin .staining, motility and biochemical tests. Preputial washings from 7 cattle and 3 buffalo bulls were positive for C. fetus by isolation. Out ,of 15 isolates of C. fetlls isolated, 9 were found to be of C fetus subsp. venerealis and 6 of C. fetus subsp. fetris on the basis 'of bichemical reactions.


Methods. Female patients with SLE and matched controls were recruited; EBCT of the coronary arteries was performed, and laboratory values (including the homocysteine concentration, the lipid level, the highsensitivity C-reactive protein [hsCRP] concentration, the glomerular filtration rate [GFR], and the level of soluble CD154 [sCD154]) were determined. For patients, Systemic Lupus International Collaborative Clinics Damage Index and the Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Disease Activity Index scores were recorded. Tests of association between the CAC score and the above-mentioned variables were performed.


This work investigates the importance of verification and validation (V&V) to achieve predictive scale-resolving simulations (SRS) of turbulence, i.e., computations capable of resolving a fraction of the turbulent flow scales. Toward this end, we propose a novel but simple V&V strategy based on grid and physical resolution refinement studies that can be used even when the exact initial flow conditions are unknown, or reference data are unavailable. This is particularly relevant for transient and transitional flow problems, as well as for the improvement of turbulence models. We start by presenting a literature survey of results obtained with distinct SRS models for flows past circular cylinders. It confirms the importance of V&V by illustrating a large variability of results, which is independent of the selected mathematical model and Reynolds number. The proposed V&V strategy is then used on three representative problems of practical interest. The results illustrate that it is possible to conduct reliable verification and validation exercises with SRS models, and evidence the importance of V&V to predictive SRS of turbulence. Most notably, the data also confirm the advantages and potential of the proposed V&V strategy: separate assessment of numerical and modeling errors, enhanced flow physics analysis, identification of key flow phenomena, and ability to operate when the exact flow conditions are unknown or reference data are unavailable.


We model a supply chain scenario in which the genuine manufacturer is uncertain whether a retailer sells counterfeits alongside authentic products. We evaluate the optimal strategies for players under wholesale price contracts and two-part tariff contracts and analyse the impact of the uncertainty of retailer counterfeiting on the manufacturer's pricing and expected profits. Furthermore, we investigate whether the two-part tariff is more effective compared with the wholesale price contract.


Recently, the use of bamboo as a material in construction and else is very typical almost everywhere in the world. Bamboo stems are able to produce after processing a variety of products ranging from household items to industrial and other applications. The purpose of this study is to identify and classify the homogenous cases that have similar needs and knowledge about the importance application and benefits of bamboo. The questionnaires were completed by 378 respondents in Haiti. The results from K-mean clustering analysis show the three groups identified were namely Functional, Aggressive, and Potential groups. The Functional group was high knowledge about important application factors and low knowledge about benefit factors. While Aggressive group was high in both factors. Besides, the Potential group with the lowest one needing improvement on both factors. This study may suggest to the Haitian population to facilitate investment and promotion of bamboo products in both national and international markets in the country.


This study espouses the impact of foreign Aid as an instrument of dependency and underdevelopment in Nigeria. Pointedly, it is directly aimed at ascertaining the relationship between foreign aid and the dependency status of Nigeria. For purposes of clarity, we use the dependency theory as our framework of analysis. It is a fact that since independence, foreign aid has been given a pride of place in development planning by the ruling class without the consideration of its impact on the development of our economy. This is more so because of the peripheral status of Nigeria as a developing economy. Thework agrees that this is partly as a result of the inability of the ruling class to formulate relevant and appropriate policies given the limitations that were imposed by the conditionality attached to the foreign aid by our development partners that has nurtured the continued dependence and underdevelopment of Nigeria.


AIM: To investigate the clinical effects of complete and incomplete revascularization in severe coronary heart disease(CHD) patients with three-vessel disease after drug-eluting stent(DES) implantation and to assess the significance of SYNTAX score in the treatment strategy for patients with three-vessel disease.METHODS: Included in this retrospective study were 118 consecutive CHD patients with three-vessel disease who had undergone successful DES implantation.Patients were divided into two groups: complete revascularization group and incomplete revascularization group.The occurrence of adverse events such as death,recurrence of angina,nonfatal myocardial infarction,nonfatal stroke and revascularization was followed up for 3 years after DES implantation and was analyzed with SYNTAX score.RESULTS: No significant difference was found in the incidence of MACCE adverse events including death,recurrence of angina,nonfatal myocardial infarction,nonfatal stroke and revascularization between groups but the total incidence of MACCE adverse events was significantly higher in the incomplete revascularization group compared with that in the complete revascularization group(19.4% vs.8.9%,P0.05).Compared with that in the complete revascularization group,a more increased tendency in the incidence of MACCE adverse events was found in the high and moderate scoring subgroups of SYNTAX score,more marked in the high score subgroup in the incomplete revascularization group.CONCLUSION: Effects of complete revascularization are much better than those of incomplete revascularization in CHD patients with three-vessel disease after DES implantation,especially in patients with high SYNTAX score.