Introduction Torsional deformities of the femur have been recognized as a cause of femoroacetabular impingement (FAI) and hip pain. High femoral antetorsion can result in decreased external rotation and a posterior FAI, which is typically located extraarticular between the ischium and trochanter minor. Femoral osteotomies allow to correct torsional deformities to eliminate FAI. So far the mid-term clinical and radiographic results in patients undergoing femoral osteotomies for correction of torsional deformities have not been investigated.

Objectives Therefore, we asked if patients undergoing femoral osteotomies for torsional deformities of the femur have (1) decreased hip pain and improved function and (2) subsequent surgeries and complications?

Methods We retrospectively evaluated 21 hips (18 patients) who underwent femoral osteotomies for correction of torsional deformities between April 2005 and October 2014. Twenty hips with excessive femoral antetorsion (47.7° ± 8.6°, range 32° – 65°) had a derotational femoral osteotomy. One hip with decreased femoral antetorsion of 11° underwent rotational femoral osteotomy. Previous surgery were performed in 43% of the hips including hip arthroscopy (5 hips), acetabular osteotomy (2 hips), open reduction for high dislocation (2 hips), surgical hip dislocation (2 hips) and varus intertrochanteric osteotomy (1 hip). In 10 hips a concomitant offset correction and in 5 hips a concomitant periacetabular osteotomy were performed. The mean followup was 3.6 ± 2.3 (1 – 10) years. One patient (one hip) died from a cause unrelated to surgery at the 2 year follow-up. We used the anterior and posterior impingement test to evaluate pain. Function was assessed using the Merle d'Aubigne Postel score, WOMAC, UCLA activity score and Harris hip score.

Results The incidence of a positive anterior impingement test decreased from preoperatively 85% to 29% at latest follow-up (p<0.001). The incidence of a positive posterior impingement test decreased from preoperatively 90% to 5% at latest follow-up (p<0.001). The mean Merle d'Aubigne Postel score increased from 13 ± 2 (11 – 16) to 16 ± 1 (13 – 17) at latest followup (p<0.0001). For the WOMAC, UCLA and Harris hip score no preoperative values existed but at latest followup they all showed fair to good values with a mean WOMAC score of 14 ± 15 (1 – 50), UCLA score of 6 ± 1 (3 – 8) and Harris hip score of 77 ± 13 (47 – 96). Subsequent surgeries included hardware removal in 14 hips (66%) and hip arthroscopy with offset creation in 1 hip. Complications occurred in 5 hips (24%) all graded Grade III according to Sink and included conversion to total hip arthroplasty in 1 hip, reosteosynthesis due to pseudarthrosis in 3 hips and hip arthroscopy for adhesiolysis in 3 hips.

Conclusion Femoral osteotomies for the treatment of torsional deformities of the femur result in decreased pain and improved function in patients with FAI. However, these procedures are associated with a complication rate of 24% which is mainly due to pseudarthrosis and intraarticular adhesions in patients with concomitant offset correction.


Seven kinds of phenolic compounds in black rice were isolated and identified by reversed phase high performance liquid chromatography–electrospray ionization mass spectrometry. Proanthocyanidins glucoside which has the strongest ability of antioxidant and free radical scavenging was tentatively identified in black rice for the first time. By mass spectrometry in negative ion mode, three types of phenolic acids compounds which were caffeic acid hexose, procyanidinB2-3-O-gallate hexose, epiafzelchineepicatechin-O-dimethylgallate were first confirmed. In this experiment, liquid–mass spectrometry model was established to detect traces of polyphenolic compounds in black rice. This model can increase the efficiency of electron capture and the sensitivity of mass spectrometry detection. The sensitivity, mass accuracy legitimated the identification of phenolic compounds present in black rice extract. So the method of reversed phase high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC)–electrospray ionization mass spectrometry can rapidly detect traces of unknown phenolic compounds in grain.

Practical Applications
The plant phenols possess the ability to scavenge both active oxygen species and electrophiles. They are the most important group of natural antioxidants because of their diversity and extensive distribution. The interest in the exploitation of novel antioxidants from black rice is increasing accordingly due to abundant contents of polyphenols. Black rice which is a kind of typical whole grain is considered a good source of fiber, minerals, and phytochemicals as well as basic nutrients.


We investigate how collaborative guidance can be realized in multi-modal virtual environments for dynamic tasks involving motor control. Haptic guidance in our context can be defined as any form of force/tactile feedback that the computer generates to help a user execute a task in a faster, more accurate, and subjectively more pleasing fashion. In particular, we are interested in determining guidance mechanisms that best facilitate task performance and arouse a natural sense of collaboration. We suggest that a haptic guidance system can be further improved if it is supplemented with a role exchange mechanism, which allows the computer to adjust the forces it applies to the user in response to his/her actions. Recent work on collaboration and role exchange presented new perspectives on defining roles and interaction. However existing approaches mainly focus on relatively basic environments where the state of the system can be defined with a few parameters. We designed and implemented a complex and highly dynamic multimodal game for testing our interaction model. Since the state space of our application is complex, role exchange needs to be implemented carefully. We defined a novel negotiation process, which facilitates dynamic communication between the user and the computer, and realizes the exchange of roles using a three-state finite state machine. Our preliminary results indicate that even though the negotiation and role exchange mechanism we adopted does not improve performance in every evaluation criteria, it introduces a more personal and human-like interaction model.


An untapped area of productivity gains hinges on au tomatic detection of user cognitive characteristics. One such characteristic, spatial visualization ability, relates to users' computer performance. In this dissertation, we describe a no vel, behavior-based, spatial visualization detection technique. The technique does not depend on sensors or knowledge of the environment and can be adopted on generic computers . In a Census Bureau location-based address verification task, detection rates exceeded 80% and approached 90%.


The authors deal with comparative aspects of contemporary authoritarianism. Authoritarian tendencies have appeared in several "old democracies" but their main successes take place in several states which departed from dictatorial regimes recently. The book contains case-studies of contemporary Hungarian, Kenyan, Polish, Russian and Turkish regimes.


A store survey of four large home improvement stores in northern and southern California was conducted to identify active ingredients in pesticide products for outdoor use. A total of 190 outdoor use products and 79 active ingredients were identified. Glyphosate, 2,4-D dimethylamine salt, imidacloprid, dicamba dimethylamine salt, bifenthrin, permethrin, and lambda–cyhalothrin were the most prevalent chemicals in retail products. Insecticides represented more than half of the products available, with pyrethroids representing 46% of the insecticidal products. Natural products and biopesticides represented 17% of active ingredients. Northern California stores sold more ready-to-use formulations of products than the Southern California stores and had more than twice as many products containing lambda-cyhalothrin. Also, the pyrethroid cypermethrin was absent from all products sold in Southern California. Comparisons to a 2003 survey conducted by the University of California revealed that diazinon, which has been phased out in California, is no longer found in any products. Gamma-cyhalothrin, a chemical registered for use in 2005 and not found in the 2003 survey, is now an active ingredient in multiple products.


In this paper it is shown that Einstein's special relativity theory is a self- contradictory theory. The contradiction between two Einstein's postulates is eliminated by refusal from the Einstein's second postulate, basing upon the Occam's advice to decrease the quantity of basic postulates to a single one. From this single postulate a law of dependence of the speed of light propagation in vacuum on the speed of light source motion was derived. Then a new transformation without invariance of light speed and without prohibition of superlight speeds is derived instead of Lorentz's transformation followed by discovery of particle electric charge dependence upon speed of a particle motion. Dissimilarities between the new space-time theory and Einstein's Special Relativity theory are considered. They are the following: 1) speed of light in vacuum dependence in a moving inertial reference frame on the speed of moving inertial reference frame motion; 2|) absence of superlight speeds prohibition; 3|) absence of time dilation; 4) availability of a particle electric charge dependence on the particle motion speed. Then the formulas of new particle dynamics are derived from new theory transformation. The experiment by Neddermeyer and Anderson in 1938 is interpreted as a confirmation of superlight speeds and dependence of electric charge upon particles speed existence in nature. It is shown that according to the NRSTT accelerated protons in the Large Hadron Collider have the energy below 400 MeV.


The article is devoted to the work A. P. Nazaretian, who was a wonderful scientist and successfully he developed many philosophical, sociological, historical and psychological problems of modern humanitarianism; he contributed to the establishment and development of universal history; study of attractions and scenarios for the further course of world history; analysis of the dynamics ofmodern geopolitical and political thinking.


【Objective】 To evaluate the perianal nerve block anesthesia in anorectal surgery in clinical application.【Methods】 Surgical hospital in May 2008-May 2010 in patients with anorectal disease were treated 52 patients were randomly divided into treatment group and control group,all 26 cases.Perianal nerve block treatment group and control group using the dentate line within the anal canal mucosa puncture anesthesia.【Results】 Two patients had palpitation,pain,urinary retention,anal adverse reactions fall flu symptoms,the treatment group compared with the control group,local swelling and bleeding significantly increased the number of cases,the statistical P0.05.【Conclusion】 perianal nerve block anesthesia sure,anorectal surgery can reduce the intraoperative or postoperative adverse events.


The city of Surabaya as the center of government and business in East Java has made the city of Surabaya experience rapid property growth in all types including apartment growth. The high growth of apartment units in Surabaya, whether they have been built, are being built, or are planned for construction will be in line with the increasing population growth in the city of Surabaya. This will be accompanied by an increase in the need for drinking/ potable water in the apartment itself. The purchase price of PDAM water specifically for apartments, which is more expensive than the landed house rate, also burdens the apartment residents. Therefore, we need initiatives and efforts to meet the demand for ready-to-drink water for apartments. This study will analyze the technical aspect, financial aspect, and risk analysis of the application of a ready-to-drink water supply system in an apartment so that it can be used as reference material or material for further academic studies. Based on the analysis that has been carried out, the application of a ready-to-drink water supply system in the apartment is declared technically and financially feasible. Risk mitigation related to the application of a ready-to-drink water supply system in apartments is carried out by allocating risk to parties who are relatively able to manage it or because they have the lowest cost to absorb this risk.


In view of the function of product data management(PDM),the problems on the aspect of data management in middle and small manufacture enterprise and the importance and necessity of building PDM system were analyzed,the aim and processes of implementing PDM system in middle and small manufacture enterprise were discussed.


Wilson disease (WD), or hepatolenticular degeneration, is an autosomal recessive disorder of copper metabolism, characterized by copper accumulation in the liver and many extrahepatic organs especially eyes and brain. It is caused by mutations in the ATP7B gene, which encodes a transmembrane copper ATPase that excretes copper into bile for synthesis of ceruloplasmin, a major copper-transporting protein in the blood. This results in hepatic copper overload and oxidative damage of hepatocytes, which in turn leads to copper being released into circulation and its accumulation in extrahepatic organs.


The conflict of data structure and heterogeneous representation between different data sources makes it becomes a difficult problem to query heterogeneous data sources under distributed environment.This paper proposes a multi-table query translation algorithm under distributed environment.This algorithm decomposes the source query during query transition process,transforms and reconstructs target query on the target data source,and solves the problem of multi-table query transition problem in data sharing.Experimental results show that the algorithm is effective.


_______________________________________________________ The aimed to test the effectiveness of the group investigation learning model assisted by audiovisual media on the science learning outcomes of fourth-grade students of Elementary School of Gugus Ki Hajar Dewantara Rembang. This research used quantitative methods. The type of research used experimental and non-equivalent control group design. The sampling technique was cluster random sampling, with a sample of 61 students. The data collection of this research used tests and documentation. The hypothesis test results showed that the value of the t-count was 3.481, while the t-table was 2.485. t-count was greater than t-table (3.481 ˃ 2.485) which means that the group investigation learning model assisted by audiovisual media was more effective in science learning outcomes. The results of the n-gain test for the experimental class were higher, the n-gain value for the control class was 0.25 in the low criteria, while the n-gain value for the experimental class was 0.36 in the moderate criteria. The observation of student activity with the observation sheet showed that the average student activity in the experimental class was higher, namely 74% compared to the control class, which is 65%. This study concluded that the group investigation learning model assisted by audiovisual media was effective in teaching science for fourth-grade students of Elementary School of Gugus Ki Hajar Dewantara Rembang. © 2020 Universitas Negeri Semarang Alamat korespondensi: Sambiyan RT 01 RW 03 Kaliori Rembang E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com ISSN 2252-6366


Introduction: One of the most important steps to save patients is to perform resuscitation. The aim of this study was to investigate the knowledge and practice of emergency personnel in Tehran regarding the baseline level of resuscitation operations. Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study was performed on 200 emergency personnel working in Tehran. The level of awareness questionnaire with 45 qualifications and the base of BLS indicators was prepared and collected. Results: According to Chi-square test, there was a significant correlation between age and practical score. Also, there was a significant relationship between the ALS courses and the acquired theoretical score. Original Research Article Raeisi et al.; JPRI, 31(6): 1-6, 2019; Article no.JPRI.53028 2 Conclusion: The results of the increase in awareness of this study in relation to previous studies in Iran and especially in the region show that during the last few years, the level of knowledge of medical emergencies personnel has had good improvement, while on the other hand, although there has been improvement in the performance compared with last few years.


Starting from the definitions of three dimensions of language,i.e.,accuracy,fluency and complexity,the essay tries to explore the relationship of the three dimensions,and then points out that the PPP model is quite feasible and fruitful in the teaching of oral English,if used properly.


The utility model discloses a special waste fluidized bed incinerator, mainly comprising combustion equipment, a waste residue (waste sludge) feeding device, an auxiliary coaling device, an ignition device, a boiler body, an economizer, a high-low temperature air preheater, a steel frame, a platform staircase and a furnace wall. The special waste fluidized bed incinerator is mainly composed of a combustion system, a gas-solid separation system in a burning-out chamber and a flue vertical shaft system, the gas-solid separation system in the burning-out chamber is arranged in the middle of the combustion system and the flue vertical shaft system, the upper side of the gas-solid separation system in the burning-out chamber is respectively communicated with the combustion system and the flue vertical shaft system by a flue. The special waste fluidized bed incinerator in the utility model adopts the measures that the high temperature air preheater is adopted, -an insulating furnace is arranged to increase combustion temperature, the burning-out chamber is arranged to prolong combustion time, and fluidized combustion and suspension burning are combined to ensure the high temperature clean combustion of various wastes.


This chapter provides an introduction to computer networking and hardware concepts and highlights the use of software and hardware tools as an aid to enhance teaching and learning computer networking and hardware fundamentals. A basic knowledge of network topology, channel access protocol, network traffic, and networking devices is needed when designing and implementing a LAN. The term computer hardware refers to the physical components of a computer system — those that one can see and touch. The CPU, memory, and input and output devices are the main components of a computer. To understand the operation of a modern processor, it is important that the student grasp the basic concepts of computer hardware. 701 E. Chocolate Avenue, Suite 200, Hershey PA 17033, USA Tel: 717/533-8845; Fax 717/533-8661; URL-http://www.idea-group.com ITB12403 INFORMATION SCIENCE PUBLISHING This chapter appears in the book, Tools for Teaching Computer Networking and Hardware Concepts edited by Nurul Sarkar © 2006, Idea Group Inc.


Abstract Autoimmune diseases affect over 14 million Americans, who may frequently search for alternative or complementary treatment methods aimed at reducing the debilitation associated with chronic disease. Included in this column is a select list of Web-based resources that explore the use of alternative and complementary medicine for autoimmune diseases.


In this article, we propose a first‐order integer‐valued autoregressive [INAR(1)] process for dealing with count time series with deflation or inflation of zeros. The proposed process has zero‐modified geometric marginals and contains the geometric INAR(1) process as a particular case. The proposed model is also capable of capturing underdispersion and overdispersion, which sometimes are caused by deflation or inflation of zeros. We explore several statistical and mathematical properties of the process, discuss point estimation of the parameters and find the asymptotic distribution of the proposed estimators. We also propose a test based on our model for checking if the count time series considered is deflated or inflated of zeros. Two empirical illustrations are presented in order to show the potential for practice of our zero‐modified geometric INAR(1) process. This article contains a Supporting Information.


In this paper, we propose an efficient resource reservation mechanism called the neighborhood reservation (NR) for ad hoc networks. When a node reserves bandwidth for a QoS flow, corresponding bandwidth reservation must be done in all its neighborhood nodes simultaneously to eliminate the impact on reserved bandwidth caused by channel contention. Thus the reserved bandwidth for the QoS flow can be guaranteed with certainty. The simulation results show that the effectiveness of QoS reservation can be improved remarkably by using neighborhood reservation.


A great number of Pleistocene fossil orangutan teeth have been discovered in south China in recent decades.These materials will play an important role in understanding the large-hominoid evolution and environmental change in eastern Asia.In present paper,total 192 postcanine teeth of Pleistocene fossil orangutan from at least 17 localities of south China are measured for tooth crown size(MD×LB) and compared with the data of Holocene subfossil and extant orangutan from Indonesia by Hooijer's(1948).The results indicate that there are statistically significant differences in postcanine tooth crown sizes,mainly in premolars and first two molars between three groups.The Pleistocene orangutan teeth from south China are significantly bigger than that of the extant orangutan,and also somehow bigger than that of those Holocene subfossil orangutan from Indonesia.The results indicate it is acceptable that the Pleistocene fossil orangutan in south China is assigned to one subspecies,Pongo pygmaeus weidenreich(Hooijer,1948).


The temperature distribution of different graphite tubes were measured withfiber optic and thermoeletricity. By comparison of the results, it shows that a tube-in-tubehas most homogeneous temperature distribution over others, therefore it has high sensitivityand high ability for the inhibition of interferences.


Studies of development in sipunculans were first published in the latter part of the 19th century, but it has been only recently that reproductive cycles have been investigated and that sufficient comparative information has become available for any understanding of the trends and diversity of developmental patterns. In addition to their more usual means of sexual reproduction, a few sipunculans have been found to use different modes of asexual reproduction. Processes of transverse fission and budding have been described by Rajulu and Krishnan (1969), Rice (1970), and Rajulu (1975). Also, an interesting example of parthenogenesis has been discovered and is under current study (Pilger, 1987, 1989). A number of descriptive studies have been made on breeding cycles of sipunculans; however, there have been no interpretive analyses or experimental considerations of controlling mechanisms. In connection with these studies a few incidental observations have been reported on fecundity. Major references on reproductive cycles are those of Gonse (1956a, b). Rice (1975a), and Gibbs (1975, 1976).


With the development of the technology society and the continuous advancement of integrated circuit related device design processes,the impact of signal bandwidth and transmission rate on multimedia technology is becoming more and more significant,and its most direct performance is the increase in circuit complexity, printed circuit board (PCB) to multi-layer, high density, low loss and rapid development. The traditional direct interconnection method can not meet the needs of high-speed design. Therefore, the high-speed serial interconnection method appears in a large number of board-level design structures.Design for a cross-backplane channel with a signal rate of 25Gbps, to ensure its stable and reliable serial interconnection, the signal integrity (SI) problem caused by high-speed transmission must be considered. The signal integrity simulation analysis of the key elements of high-speed serial link appears particularly important.


Xiao Ming is a 22 years old male giant panda,who was rescued and breeding in Shaanxi Wild Animal Rescue and Research Centre because his left eye suffered from cataract,and right eye is blind.This paper gave a report on the cataract operation for giant panda and the feasibility of the artificial lens implantation in the eye.In addition,a variety of panda eye data have been measured.Furthermore,the preoperative and postoperative care and other aspects of clinical anesthesia experience were summarized.After surgery,the cataract of giant panda "Xiao-Ming" was removed successfully,and his vision recovered in a certain degree,but the artificial lens implantation is not successful.The main reason was lack of basic data and there was no an intraocular lens suitable for giant pandas.


Some of the DNA-like RNA synthesized during oögenesis remains available up to early blastula (stage 7). This RNA then begins to disappear from the embryo, so that by early gastrulation half of its sequences have been lost. Total maternal RNA of embryos represents more sequences than can be recovered at early stages from polyribosomes. Some of it must therefore reside in cytoplasmic fractions that do not cosediment with polyribosomes. Most of the maternal DNA-like RNA is eventually translated before it is lost. Messenger RNA transcribed on the embryonic genomes appears very early on polyribosomes and is translated there along with maternal RNA.


A brief outline is given of the general aspects and technical features of the Jiangsu Digital Earthquake Precursor Network and the existing problems are listed. Suggestions are offered to improve some of these existing problems.


The invention discloses a disposable internal anal sphincter side cutting needle and an application method thereof. The side cutting needle comprises an electrotome, an electrotome clamping piece and a side cutting needle body. The electrotome is connected to one end of the electrotome clamping piece, and the side cutting needle body is welded at the other end of the electrotome clamping piece. The application method has the following steps: enabling the side cutting needle body to be inserted from an anal edge subcutaneous tissue, enabling the side cutting needle body to be guided to enter into a shallow layer of internal anal sphincter, and enabling the side cutting needle body to come out from a part nearby a line; enabling the head of the side cutting needle body to enter into mucosa from an outlet after the 180-degree bending of the head of the side cutting needle body, and enabling the side cutting needle body to move stealthily on the surface of the internal anal sphincter and to come out from the outlet; enabling the other end of the electrotome clamping piece to be fixed on the electrotome, selecting a condensed cutting mode, and quickly cutting off the internal anal sphincter. The cutting needle is simple in structure, is convenient to operate, causes no cut, is small in damage, is low in occurrence rate of mucosa hematoma, is high in cure rate, and is suitable for popularization.


Why is urine yellow? Because it is liquid gold! Pediatric nephrologist William Primack*

For >50 years, the gold standard for the diagnosis of urinary tract infections (UTIs) has been a positive culture result without regard for urinalysis findings. Both the definition of "positive" and the role of urinalysis stem from a publication in 1956.1 Edward Kass applied quantitative culture methods to urine specimens obtained from adults by catheterization to determine a dividing line between contamination and infection. The urine of most, but not all, patients with symptoms of acute pyelonephritis (chills, fever, flank pain, and dysuria) contained >100 000 CFU/mL. Urine specimens from some asymptomatic women also had such high colony counts but most were much lower. Kass concluded: "For survey purposes, a count of 105 bacteria or more per mL of urine has been designated arbitrarily as the dividing line between true bacilluria and contamination." He acknowledged that for "individual clinical purposes," lower colony counts needed to be considered and noted that pyuria did not reliably accompany bacteriuria in the asymptomatic women. During the subsequent decade, screening programs were widely conducted, applying ≥10 …

Address correspondence to Kenneth B. Roberts, MD, 3005 Bramblewood Dr, Mebane, NC 27302. E-mail: kenrobertsmd{at}gmail.com


clustering is the chief technology to dig spatial data with. The present spatial data base is more and more widely used, but it differs from the relational data base to a great extent. There exist many shortcomings in the application of present arithmetic of clustering in the big spatial data base, and the efficiency is low, too. Therefore, the efficient index technology should be used to raise the efficiency of spatial data processing.


The period from the 1950s to the present is a time of key jurisdictional and conceptual changes in the U.S. management of ocean areas and resources; it is also a time of significant practical changes in the ecological health of ocean environments. Conceptually, ocean and coastal resource agencies, such as the Nation Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), the National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS), and the Minerals Management Service (MMS) have continuously struggled to balance protection of marine environments with economically productive uses of these environments and their considerable resources. What has changed, however, in some cases appreciably, is the practical success of such balancing, especially the extent to which conservation and broader environmental protection were pursued and attained in the face of economic and resource pressures. The nation also experienced important shifts in scientific, managerial, and societal definitions of conservation, with an increasing policy emphasis on a holistic, multispecies, ecosystem-based view of management objectives. Finally, in terms of ocean authority and jurisdiction, contemporary U.S. ocean policy is marked by some notable expansions.


typically h. hemipterus. Two of eight specimens from Caucagua show how var iable the pattern of this species can be, as the left elytron is striped with red as in nominate hemipterus, but the right elytron is entirely black as in M. hemipterus carbonarius Chevrolat. M. maurus Gyllenhal. The most southern record for this species is from Grenada (JDG) in the Lesser Antilles, the former range being from St. Vincent north to Guadeloupe. M. quadrilineatus Champion. A more southern locality for this species is Mt. Camp, west of San Pedro Sula, Honduras, represented by a female (FM), collected in May, 1923, by Schmidt; the species was known from El Salvador north to southern Mexico.


Concept selection in design is an important aspect of design process that must be done properly with the right tools. The identification of optimal design is presented in this article by integrating three Multicriteria decision making models which are fuzzified pairwise comparison matrices, fuzzified weighted decision matrix and fuzzy VIKOR. Rather than depending solely on design expert's view to determine weights of the design features, the pairwise comparison matrices determines the weights of design features and sub features in the decision process. The weighted decision matrix aggregates scores for the alternative designs considering the availability of sub features in them. The aggregated scores form the elements of the main decision matrix together with the weights of the design features and the Fuzzy VIKOR model determines the performance index of the design concepts. The hybridized model was validated using four conceptual designs of liquid spraying machines and the results obtained shows that the model provides computational integrity in decision making process.


ABSTRACT
This research is set against the backdrop of the rise of car free day events utilized not only to reduce air pollution, but also as a meeting place between groups of people in sports activities, cultural arts, and economics. As a public space, many businesses are used as a medium to promote the products they create. In this event also brings up budding business people. This research is intended to find out the business opportunities made by novice businesses by using SWOT analysis strategy of IFAS and EFAS matric models. This research was conducted with a quantitative and qualitative approach. This sampling method is probability sampling, with proportional random sampling technique. The data analysis tool used is swot analysis. As a result, budding businesses are taking advantage of opportunities by building permanent businesses instead of just on Car Free Day, innovating, and building networks and using digital marketing to introduce products and also to increase product sales, create products and services that differ from competitors, manage finance and planning and analysis properly and maintain the quality of products they offer to the public.
Keywords : Business Opportunities, Strength, Weaknesses, Opportunities, Threats, IFAS, EFAS


A deletion/insertion polymorphism (4G or 5G) in the promoter of the PAI-1 gene has been suggested to be involved in regulation of the synthesis of the inhibitor, the 4G allele being associated with enhanced gene expression, and therefore related with thrombosis. In the present work we studied the prevalence of 4G/5G polymorphism in 223 unrelated patients with history of objectively confirmed thromboembolism, and in 162 healthy unrelated controls, both groups natural from all centre regions of Portugal. In this normal cohort, the prevalence of 4G/4G is 23%, 4G/5G is 38% and 5G/5G is 39%; in the affected population is, respectively, 47%, 21.5% and 30%, which means that 4G/4G is twice more frequent in the patients with thrombosis. When we relate the age of the first thrombosis episodes in the three groups, we find no significative difference, as the respective media is 36.8; 38.6 and 35.5 years in the 4G/4G, 4G/5G and 5G/5G group, respectively. This data suggest that this polymorphism by itself, even in homozygosity, is not associated with earlier thrombosis. In our patients, we studied the presence of Lupus Anticoagulant, Factor V Leiden, Factor IIG20210A, MTHFR C677T, and also Antithrombin III, Protein S and Protein C levels. We analyse the prevalence of the three mutations in patients with DVP, PTE, ischemic and venous CVA and we only find a significative difference in the 4G/4G group: 46.2% patients with DVP and 48.2% patients with PTE (23% in normal cohort). In conclusion, in the centre region of Portugal, the prevalence of 4G/4G is 23%, 4G/5G is 38% and 5G/5G is 39%; in our cohort of unrelated patients the only significative difference is in the 4G/4G group (47%); this variation maintain in the DVP and PTE group. We did not find difference at the age of the first thrombotic episode, in the three groups.


Mendel was an advocate of the old math wherein four was more than two. He also established a genetics in which single mutations inactivated genes and gave rise to scorable phenotypes. Several recent observations in human genetics reveal a new math in which four mutations may cause a particular genetic disease whereas two do not. What are these diseases and how do they alter our thinking concerning established Mendelian genetics? In this issue of the Journal, Zhang et al. (1995) report the molecular analysis of a patient with a disorder of aldosterone biosynthesis, corticosterone methyl oxidase II (CMO II) deficiency. The authors confirm and extend an initial observation by Pascoe et al. (1992), who found that each allele of the aldosterone synthase gene (CYPi1B2) in subjects with this disorder harbors two mutations, giving rise to a total of four mutations at this locus in affected individuals. Some explanation is necessary for those unfamiliar with the intricacies of adrenal steroid biochemistry. Two important steroid hormones synthesized in the adrenal cortex are cortisol, which regulates the body's responses to stress, and aldosterone, which regulates salt levels and intravascular volume. Both hormones are synthesized from cholesterol through biosynthetic pathways that have some steps in common and some unique steps catalyzed by specific enzymes. Inherited deficiencies of these enzymes have different phenotypes depending on whether biosynthesis of cortisol, aldosterone, or both is affected. The most common defect affecting adrenal steroidogenesis is congenital adrenal hyperplasia due to steroid 21-hydroxylase deficiency, a disease in which both cortisol and aldosterone biosyntheses are affected. Cortisol and aldosterone syntheses both require 11 Phydroxylation of steroid intermediates. For cortisol bio-


The consolidation process that characterized the banking industry in the last decades has been widely analyzed, but very few studies have investigated what are the reasons why a number of announced deals were not concluded. We fill this gap in the literature analyzing the characteristics of abandoned M&A operations in a large sample that includes all the major domestic and cross-border deals in the banking sector announced worldwide between 1992 and 2010. The results show that hostile operations, deals of larger size and deals implying swaps of shares are less likely to be concluded. Controlling for size, cross-border operations are more likely to be successfully concluded, contrary to the expectation that the presence of strong cultural barriers and regulations, implicit and explicit, could determine a higher abandonment ratio. Finally, deals announced in countries with stronger supervisory authorities have a higher probability of failure.


Dynamics of a null thin shell immersed in a generic spherically symmetric spacetime is obtained within the distributional formalism. It has been shown that the distributional formalism leads to the same result as in the conventional formalism.


Chance events (such as lightning strikes or floods) occur commonly in nature. In ecology, unpredictable events that can affect population and community dynamics are called stochastic processes. Although ecologists recognize that stochastic processes occur, their importance in shaping populations and communities has been controversial. Determining when and how stochastic processes are important ecologically is critical for predicting extinction events or responses to climate change and explaining tropical biodiversity. Many population dynamics appears to be stochastic, particularly when the environment fluctuates or the population is small. For example, environmental variation that can reduce population size can increase the likelihood of stochastic extinction, because a small population is prone to go extinct due to random fluctuation in population size. Community dynamics can also be influenced by stochastic processes such as chance colonization, random order of immigration/emigration, and random fluctuations of population size. For example, community succession depends on which species arrive first, when early-arriving species outcompete later-arriving species. Modern ecologists generally agree that dynamics of most populations and communities have both deterministic (predictable) and stochastic (unpredictable) components that operate simultaneously. I thank Stacey Halpern for comments.


The main aim of this paper is to introduce and study the notion of Size-biased discrete two-parameter Poisson-Lindley (SBDTPPL) distribution. Besides deriving its p.m.f., some of its properties and the expressions for raw and central moments, coefficients of skewness and kurtosis have been obtained. We have explored its moment equations and maximum likelihood estimators. A simulation study has been proposed in the end.


BETWEEN 1937 AND 1939, SEVENTEEN STATE BRANCHES OF THE FEDERAL Writers' Project (FWP) interviewed more than two thousand ex-slaves, approximately 2 percent of the total ex-slave population.' Federal employees gathered a number of interviews collected by this Ex-Slave Studies program into a rare book housed in the Library of Congress. The Slave Narrative Collection, which emerged out of this effort, has played an important role in shaping the narratives written by folklorists, sociologists, and historians about slave culture and the masterslave relationship.2 Most academics acknowledge the problematic nature of these sources, since they generally resulted from encounters in the Jim Crow South between white southerners and elderly blacks, many of whom were children at the time of Emancipation and octogenarians when they were interviewed. Few academics, however, have explored how the narratives came into being, a process which reveals not only the biases of the ex-slave interviews as sources but also the operations of racism in the early twentieth century. Two versions of an interview that Federal Writer Esther de Sola conducted with Charlie Moses, an ex-slave from Brookhaven, Mississippi, illustrate how the interviews gathered in the Slave Narrative Collection resulted from contestations over the memory of slavery. The original transcript of Moses' interview depicts him as one of the most articulate, angry, and, as de Sola put it, "exceptionally intelligent" exslaves.3 In his concluding comments, Moses, true to his prophetic name, argued poignantly against the "harsh treatment" that slaves


Abstract 3227 Background: Umbilical cord blood (CB) transplantation is known to be associated with delayed and defective immune reconstitution, in part because recent thymic emigrants (RTEs), the most common subset among CB T cells, have limited intrinsic survival. Interleukin-7 (Il-7) has been reported to increase the initial recovery of the graft-derived T-cells compartment. The aim of this study was to investigate CB-derived T-cell survival and to define a minimal effective dose of recombinant human IL-7 (rIL-7), considering that in addition to its anti-apoptotic effect, IL-7 may enhance immune reactions that occur in the host, including uncontrolled acute GVHD. Methods: Fifteen CB were obtained immediately after normal-term delivery, using the same procedure as for CB banking. T cells were isolated within 12 hours by negative magnetic bead sorting and cultured for 2 weeks either directly or after being frozen in order to recapitulate clinical procedures. Unstimulated T cell cultures were conducted in parallel in medium (RPMI supplemented with 10% normal AB serum) alone or supplemented with a range of rIL-7concentrations added either only once at day 0 (100 to 1000 pg/mL) or every day (10 to 100 pg/mL). Cell viability was assessed by flow cytometric scatter analysis and staining with 3,39-dihexyloxacarbocyanine iodide [DiOC6(3)] and propidium iodide. Results: In basic culture conditions, the majority of T cells had died over 2 weeks, but there was a marked heterogeneity in cell survival, as proportions of viable T cells varied from 2% to 50% (median 15%) at day 6 of culture. Interestingly, the same intrinsic characteristics of survival were observed in T cells that underwent beforehand a freezing-thawing procedure. In cultures supplemented with rIL-7, we confirmed the efficacy of rIL-7 in maintaining CB T cell survival. A minimal dose of 20 to 50 pg/mL of IL-7 added daily was sufficient to induce the prolonged survival of CB T cells, with more than 95% of viable cells at day 6. Noteworthy, these concentrations allowed prolonged survival of CD T cells without inducing any cell proliferation, as shown by the absence of CFSE dilution. Similar results were observed comparing CB cells that had been frozen or not. Conclusion: Repeated low-doses of rIL-7 are required to preserve the survival capacity of CB T cells without inducing their proliferation. These results could represent a framework for clinical studies aiming at improving T cell reconstitution following allogeneic CB transplantation. Repeated administration of low-doses of rIL-7 might be especially useful in patients with low serum levels of IL-7 after conditioning. Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.


Hypertension is a common symptom of several fundamentally different disorders. Its medical treatment in the past has consisted of rest, the use of sedatives, vasodilators and toxic depressants and psychoanalytic sessions.1It can be safely stated that none of these measures have ever cured or arrested the progress of hypertension, although their temporary, palliative value, especially in the early stages, cannot be questioned. Recently a depressor substance has been isolated from the normal kidney and used in lowering the blood pressure of animals and of man.2It is too early to judge the merits of this extract in combating hypertension. The fact remains that cardiovascular-renal disease, with hypertension as its dominant symptom, stands first in the mortality list today and is responsible for more than half a million deaths annually in the United States. After the age of 45 the death rate from this condition is four times


Recent challenges to the traditional view of the human change process – one that places emphasis primarily upon therapists' perspectives – have led to attempts better to understand clients' views of personal change. Although much is known about therapists' viewpoints of the change process, this narrow attitude neglects the clients' important contributions to psychotherapy. Understanding and working within the clients' theories of change has significant clinical and research implications. Eighteen co-participants – including college-age, adult and senior individuals – were interviewed. Interviews were analysed using an iterative process based upon grounded theory. Codings were developed from the co-participants' narratives based on unanimous decisions and themes were then developed reflecting the type of story shared. Three types of stories emerged from the data: Adaptation, Personal Choice and Delimited Choice. Co-participants' relative lack of focus on particulars of the change process was evident. In addition, the stories often did not include personal agency as central to the change process. Clients may not come to therapy with a clear and easily elicited theory of change; the understanding of change that guides working with the client may be truly co-created by client and therapist within the psychotherapeutic process.


Shortly after U.S. troops entered Mexico City, Santa Anna announced that the seat of government could be moved (the government would subsequently take up residence in Queretaro).


The next generation of radio telescopes, such as Square Kilometer Array and the associated Pathfinder arrays, require vast amounts of computation due to the extremely large number of interferometers and the imaging requirements. The hardware for this computation is becoming a significant consideration in array design, both in terms of initial cost and power consumption. Graphics Processing Units (GPU) provide power efficiency and affordability as well as the flexibility of general purpose hardware. This work implements a GPU-based FX spectrometer, which processes four streams of 8-bit interferometer data, for a variable number of frequency channels. This approach scales well with frequency channels, with a computation speeds up to 18 times faster than those of a CPU implementation. Further work is in progress to scale the algorithm with the number of interferometer streams, and to investigate optimisation of the GPU algorithm. Background Interferometry combines the signals of multiple telescopes to obtain higher angular resolution than that which could be produced by a single telescope. The processing involved in combining these streams, correlation, is computationally intensive. Correlation can consist of a number of stages starting with the packed data streams from the telescopes through to obtaining the final image. The GPU FX Spectrometer presented here starts with the packed data streams, and produces accumulated output, ready for gridding. Figure 1: A Murchison Widefield Array (MWA) tile similar to those used to produce each stream of test data. The tile consists of 16 antenna elements in a 4x4 configuration. The signal from these elements is combined in hardware to produce two streams of data per tile, consisting of orthagonal polarisations. Algorithm The algorithm performs three main steps on the GPU: unpacking, the fast Fourier transform, and accumulation. These steps are shown in Figure 2. Unpacking the data consists of converting the data from its 8 bit representation to a 32 bit floating point. The fast Fourier transform is applied in segments to all streams, the length of the transform is set at the beginning of the algorithm. In the final step, the data is cross-multiplied per frequency channel for each pair of streams (including self pairings) and then accumulated. Two approaches were tried in this stage: 1:n, where each thread calculates all pairings for all n incoming streams for a frequency, and 1:k where each thread calculates all pairings for a subset k < n of the incoming streams.


Keywords: Surface Electronic and Atomic Structure ; Spectroscopy ; Spin-Polarized STM Reference LNS-ARTICLE-1990-002doi:10.1103/PhysRevB.42.9307 Record created on 2009-04-14, modified on 2017-05-12


The present invention relates to substituted 3-aryl-5-aryl- [1,2,3] -oxadiazoles represented by formula I and analogs thereof: wherein Ar 1 , Ar 3 , A , B, and D relate to those described herein. The present invention also relates to the discovery that compounds having Formula I are caspase activators and apoptosis inducers. Thus, the caspase activators and apoptosis inducers of the present invention may be used to induce cell death in various clinical conditions that result in uncontrolled proliferation and abnormal cell propagation.


In 2020 and 2021, practically all areas of work and life were under the influence of the Corona pandemic. In the course of 2020, it was already apparent that the consequences of the Corona crisis would also have a considerable impact on grant recipients and their projects and thus on the implementation and goal achievement of the funding programmes, and that this would be reflected in the results of evaluations. From the perspective of an evaluation of innovation funding programmes, the Corona pandemic represents an external influencing factor that could negatively affect the intended impact of a funding programme with regard to the successful implementation of innovation projects and behavioural change of actors towards innovation orientation. This article provides initial answers to the questions of what effects the Corona pandemic has on innovation promotion, what adaptation strategies can be observed and how these can be provisionally evaluated. For this purpose, the authors of this paper draw on current, as yet unpublished data from evaluation surveys in 2020 and 2021.


In this paper, we presented a new model for cyber crime investigation procedure which is as follows: readiness phase, consulting with profiler, cyber crime classification and investigation priority decision, damaged cyber crime scene investigation, analysis by crime profiler, suspects tracking, injurer cyber crime scene investigation, suspect summon, cyber crime logical reconstruction, writing report. Computer forensics emerged in response to the escalation of crimes committed by the use of computer systems either as an object of crime, an instrument used to commit a crime or a repository of evidence related to a crime. Computer forensics can be traced back to as early as 1984 when the FBI laboratory and order law enforcement agencies begun developing programs to examine computer evidence. Digital forensics has been defined as the use of scientifically derived and proven methods towards the preservation, collection, validation, identification, analysis, interpretation and presentation of digital evidence derived from digital sources for the purpose of facilitating or furthering the reconstruction of events found to be crime or helping to anticipate the unauthorized actions shown to be disruptive to planned operations. Digital evidence includes computer evidence, digital audio, digital video, cell phones, digital fax machines etc. The U.S. Department of Justice published a process model in the Electronic Crime Scene Investigation: A guide to first responders that consists of four phases: collection, examination, analysis, reporting. The analysis phase of this model is improperly defined and ambiguous. Brian Carrier (5) proposed integrated digital investigation process. It (5) was consisted of 5 phase like readiness phase, deployment phase, physical crime scene investigation phase, cyber crime scene investigation phase, review phase. The Brian Carrier (5) procedure didn't include which classifying cyber crime and deciding investigation priority, psychological profiling investigation method, and so on. In this paper, we presented a new model for cyber crime investigation procedure. The proposed procedure model is as follows readiness phase, consulting with profiler, cyber crime classification and investigation priority decision, damaged cyber crime scene investigation, analysis by crime profiler, suspects tracking, injurer cyber crime scene investigation, suspect summon, cyber crime logical reconstruction, writing report. This paper presented a new methodology of a digital forensic investigation procedure. Section 2 shows previous cyber crime investigation model. We present our method for cyber crime investigation procedure model in section 3.


Fragmentation functions (FFs) describe the formation of final state hadrons from final state quarks or gluons. Precise knowledge of these functions is a key ingredient in extracting spin-dependent parton distribution functions from spin asymmetries observed in polarized Semi-Inclusive Deep Inelastic Scattering (SIDIS) and in inclusive hadron production in polarized proton-proton collisions. However, fragmentation functions can not be determined from first principles Quantum Chromodynamics (QCD) and have to be extracted from experimental data. The Belle experiment at KEK in Japan has acquired large data samples from hadron production in e+e− annihilation. Precision measurements of identified hadron yields from Belle can be used to improve the precision of the presently available hadron fragmentation data. In this talk Belle results on spin-dependent fragmentation functions will be summarized and the status of the spin-averaged hadron yield analysis will be presented.


The nonequilibrium thermodynamics of polycrystalline solids under nonhydrostatic stress are formulated, based on the conservation laws of classical dynamics and the second law of thermodynamics. For a closed system, the thermodynamic potential function corresponding to the Gibbs free energy, in classical thermodynamics, is defined as a Legendre transformation of the internal energy of the system, whereas it cannot be defined in an open system under stress. Chemical potential is defined at source points where addition of matter is possible. Chemical potential for grain growth (μ+) under nonhydrostatic stress varies with the orientation of grain surfaces and with direction of grain growth. Pressure solution, diffusion creep, and anisotropic phase equilibrium under stress are explained by the orientation dependence of μ+.


This invention relates to a method for treating diluted ammonium sulfate wastewater. The method solves the problems of high solid waste and organic nitrile impurity contents, low ammonium sulfate concentration, and difficult ammonium sulfate recovery. The method comprises: (1) removing solid impurities from diluted ammonium sulfate wastewater, adjusting the pH value to 6.5-7.5, performing flash evaporation, stripping or rectification, removing lightweight organic fractions at the overhead, collecting heavy fractions at the bottom, and extracting the rest ammonium sulfate wastewater at 1st-5th theoretical plates from the overhead; (2) sending the rest ammonium sulfate wastewater to ion exchange reaction, and removing NH4+; (3) treating regenerated liquid of the ion exchange resin with Ca(OH)2 aqueous solution to produce CaSO4 and diluted ammonia solution, performing solid-liquid separation, reacting CaSO4 and diluted ammonia solution with CO2 to obtain ammonium carbonate or ammonium hydrogen carbonate.


We demonstrate a compact agnostic receiver system based on orthogonal sampling using optical ring modulators. An analog, as well as a normal and a Nyquist digital channel are processed simultaneously by the same device.


Sperm small RNAs have emerged as important non-genetic contributors to embryogenesis and offspring health. A subset of sperm small RNAs are thought to be acquired during epididymal transit. However, the transfer of RNAs from the somatic epididymis to sperm has been questioned, and the identity of the specific small RNAs transferred remains unclear. Here, we employ Cre/Lox genetics to generate germline- and epididymal-specific Dgcr8 conditional knockout mice to investigate the dynamics of sperm microRNAs and their function in the early embryo. Testicular sperm from germline specific Dgcr8 knockout mice have reduced levels of 98 microRNAs. Enthrallingly, following epididymal transit the abundance of 59% of these microRNAs are restored to control levels. Conversely, sperm from epididymal Dgcr8 knockouts displayed a reduction of > 3.4-fold in 25 miRNAs. This substantial loss of epididymal miRNAs in sperm was accompanied by transcriptomic changes in the embryo which was rescued by microinjection of epididymal miRNAs. These findings ultimately demonstrate the acquisition of miRNAs from the soma by sperm during epididymal transit and their subsequent regulation of post-fertilization embryonic gene expression.


On the basis of analysis about current situation and methodologies of ERP implementation, using some classic system methodologies' ideas and contents, especially Hall methodology, WSR(WuLi- ShiLi- RenLi)methodology, it gives a clear definition of ERP implementation methodology, then sets up an logical steps model of ERP methodology and a three-dimension frame model. It shows the detail about ERP implementation methodology, validates the usability of this methodology with an example.


This paper examines the origins of the Counter-Revolution in the early period of the French Revolution, particularly the way in which internal opposition to the actions of the National Constituent Assembly developed during the spring of 1790. It uses the Counter-Revolution, though, to look into the theme of conspiracy in the Revolution, particularly the idea that deputies of the left fought what Norman Hampson referred to as a "turnip ghost," or an imaginary enemy. In order to explore the way in which these two areas intersect, this paper reconstructs and explores part of a brief but important debate that took place on 19 April 1790 over whether or not there would be elections to replace deputies who absented themselves from the National Constituent Assembly. Since a handful of deputies carried mandates that limited the duration of their powers to one year, the Constitutional Committee proposed a decree declaring such limitations without effect and prohibiting any new elections to the assembly until such a time that the assembly itself requested them. In proposing the decree, Isaac-René Le Chapelier—speaking for the committee—claimed that a terrible plot was afoot to prevent the assembly from completing its main task, that of writing a constitution. He spoke with such vehemence that the abbé Jean-Sifrein Maury, deputy to the Clergy and a leading conservative figure, interrupted him to deny that there was any such plot and demanded the right to respond to Le Chapelier's allegations. A careful examination of Maury's speech and those of his


Meyerozyma guilliermondii strain Lv196 has been identified as a native Colombian yeast with a high probiotic potential increasing rumen microbial e ffi ciency at in vitro assays when a ruminant digestion system is simulated. Often, these types of products are supplied in a granulated form to facilitate its dosage to ruminants as cows, sheep, among others. To produce granulated bioproducts based on microorganisms, it is required to select suitable drying conditions, protectants and the adequate drying operation, decisive factors to guarantee cell viability and stability during storage. Most granulated products are dried through fluidized bed drying process reducing investment and maintenance costs, and improving mass and heat transfer decreasing operation time and the risk of product overheating. Therefore, in this work a selection of drying protectants through decision matrix was conducted based on parameters as compatibility with Lv196 and cost of protectants. The best two drying protectants were used as functional coadjuvants in the formulation of two granulated prototypes. Drying temperature, chamber pressure and the two prototypes were evaluated in an experimental design to select adequate conditions for a fluidized bed drying process. Finally, the stability of two dried granulated prototypes using selected conditions was determined. Prototype PF2 dried at 45ºC and 0.5 bar during 30 min had a final moisture of 7.84 ± 0.01% and operation yield of 98.54 ± 0.11% guaranteeing a loss of viability lower than 2.09 ± 0.01% after 15 months of storage at room temperature.


Abstract This article is based on more than 20 interviews with Kyrgyz who spoke about the protracted crisis that has enveloped their country. In relating their observations of what is right and wrong with their country, the respondents presented a telling portrait of the most democratic state in Central Asia, including its relations with the other countries in the region and with the United States, Russia, and China, as well as the problems it faces such as drug smuggling, corruption, and the distribution of water. Moreover, this article describes the reform movement in all of its political manifestations.


A wireless sensor network consists of spatially distributed autonomous sensors which cooperatively monitor physical or environmental conditions such as temperature, sound, vibration, pressure, motion or pollutants. The sensors in the wireless sensor network are deployed over a large area. These sensors have limited power and in some applications it is impractical to change or recharge the battery so the power consumption is main constraint in wireless sensor network. One of the way by which the power consumption of each node can be reduced is by using multiple hop technique for data transfer in the network. In this article, a simple communication protocol is developed which allows the sensor nodes to communicate with the base station or central node using multiple hops. The data is transferred from source to destination using RF communication. The implementation is done using ANSI C as the programming language.


The purpose of this study was to examine the self-rated oral health status and oral health concern of 6,094 adults over the age of 19, which were both related to subjective oral health awareness, based on the second-year (2008) raw data of the 4th National Health and Nutrition Survey. 1. As for subjective oral health awareness, 49.4 percent replied they were in bad oral health when they were asked about self-rated oral health status. Regarding oral health concern, 62.6 percent answered they were sort of concerned about oral health. 2. As to oral health indexes by sociodemographic characteristics, there were statistically significant differences in oral health indexes according to gender, age, academic credential, monthly mean household income, frequency of eating between meals and toothbrushing frequency. Smoking made no statistically significant differences to oral health indexes (p


Joseph A. Morgan is a Full Professor in the Electronics Engineering Technology program at Texas A&M University. He is a registered Professional Engineer in the state of Texas. His major areas of interest include wireless networking and embedded microcontroller-based data acquisition, instrumentation and control systems. Morgan has also served as Director of engineering and as a Senior Consultant to the private sector where he has been involved in several design, development and system integration projects sponsored by the FAA, USAF, and major airport authorities. As a Texas A&M faculty member, he established the Mobile Integrated Solutions Laboratory (MISL), a joint university-industry partnership focusing on the design and development of hardware and software products Morgan served 22 years in the Air Force, including a tour of duty on faculty with the Electrical Engineering Department at the U.S. Air Force Academy.


Ever since Pfungst's ( 191 1, 1965) brilliant series of experiments with Clever Hans, we have known that the expectation of the behavioral scientist could become an unintended determinant of the response of his research subject. Hans, it will be remembered, was that clever horse who could solve problems of mathematics and musical harmony with equal skill and grace, simply by tapping out the answers with his hoof. A committee of eminent experts testified that Hans, whose owner made no profit from his horse's talents, was receiving no cues from his questioners. Of course, Pfungst later showed that this was not so, that tiny head and eye movements were Hans' signals to begin and to end his tapping. When Hans was asked a question, the questioner looked at Hans' hoof, quite naturally so, for that was the way for him to determine whether Hans' answer was correct. Then, it was discovered that when Hans approached the correct number of taps, the questioner would inadvertently move his head or eyes upward just enough that Hans could discriminate the cue, but not enough that even trained animal observers or psychologists could see it.


This paper develops a general [>Q, r) single item model, based on the usual assumptions of stationary, normally distributed probabilistic demand, but covering simultaneously all three types of shortage costs commonly dealt with in the literature; namely shortage costs proportional to the number of units short and to the duration of the shortage, or proportional to the number of units short, or proportional to the number of stockout occasions. The model considers that the item stocked is subject to throe different uses, each being linked with the different type of shortage cost. A methodology for the graphical solution of the model is proposed, an illustrative nomograph for such a solution presented, and the results of some sensitivity analyses for some of the assumptions are discussed.


Complicated relationships and interactions among stakeholders in the international container-shipping market make it difficult to estimate the impact of the market's structural changes. This article uses cooperative game theory to analyze potential impacts of the Panama Canal (PC) expansion on the evolving competitive–cooperative relationships and the distribution of market power among the supply-chain players in the US container-import market. The hierarchical structure of the ocean shipping industry is captured using bi-level optimization models, with the ocean carrier (OC) acting as the market leader. The result shows that the enlarged ship size passing through the PC will increase the East Coast players' market power by 32% while hurting the West Coast players by 22%. The subcoalition between the OC and the West Coast players is most likely to form prior to the PC expansion while the subcoalition between the OC and the East Coast players is preferred by the OC after the PC expansion. However, the total profit with competitive subcoalitions is always less than the grand coalition's profit. The impacts of possible variations in service costs, as well as charges by the PC, the ports, and the railroad after the expansion, are also analyzed.


To release one or more active substances which are media of at predetermined rate and time, the new release system is disclosed. System, impermeable to aqueous solutions, and is constituted by a film Coated with dosage forms of insoluble polymeric material, on the coating film, by the use of a laser beam of appropriate power and intensity, geometrically accurate such are formed one or more holes of size and shape, by such methods, the active ingredient contained in the therapeutic system is only released from the uncoated region of the desired speed and time tablet surface. Techniques for preparing such systems are also disclosed.


This essay explores the ways in which Lu Gwei-djen (1904–91) served as a gatekeeper for interpreting medicine in China in the second half of the twentieth century. After retiring from science in 1956, Lu set out to write one of the first comprehensive English-language histories of medicine in China. Through a close study of Lu's work notes and marginalia from later in her life, this essay examines how she carefully articulated the material characteristics of a "Chinese" medicine that gave rise to jingluo, or therapeutic paths often known as "meridians." I argue that at the heart of this uneasy comparison was the difficult process of translating across multiple expressions of physiology. By placing Lu Gwei-djen at the center of a feminist intellectual history of medicine, this essay further shows how Lu's translations were influenced by the social hierarchies in which she was embedded, including cultural, gender, and temporal dualities.


The ion exchange selectivities of Li+ ion versus monoethanolammonium (MEA+) ion have been studied as a function ofresin composition on 1%, 4% and 8% crosslinked Dowex SOWresins in aqueous, 20%, 40% and 60% (w/w) monoethanolamine (MEA)-wllter mixtures and apparent equilibrium constants computed for various systems. There is a reversal in selectivity of resins in favour of Li+ ion in solvents containing more than 40 % (w/w) amine. Swelling and solvent fractionation studies carried out for Li+ and MEA + forms of resins of varions crosslinkings indicate that all


Transmission planning traditionally followed a highly deterministic, technically focused load flow-centric approach. Planning engineers up until the last decade typically developed a transmission plan purely based on meeting (n-1) security to match a generation expansion plan – an approach that is in fact still prevalent in several countries, especially developing countries. The focus since 2000 has shifted increasingly to take into account the requirements of deregulated electricity markets wherein the generation decisions are decentralised and planners have the onus to second-guess a generation plan to develop and maintain a secured transmission system [1-2]. However, a significant part of this work had largely maintained a deterministic approach. Although economic crisis in the late nineties, climate change and renewable related policies started to introduce significant level of uncertainties, these were often handled using deterministic scenarios.


Phenol has been used as an additive to enhance the rate of SET-LRP in toluene at ambient temperature. A direct relationship between reaction time and amount of phenol added has been found with the optimum amount being similar to 20 equiv. of phenol with respect to initiator. Polymerization of methyl acrylate (MA) has been carried out in the presence of varying amounts of phenol and the rate of polymerization depends on the concentration of phenol relative to initiator. With a 20-fold excess 93% conversion is observed after 218 min (PDI = 1.06, M-n = 11,500 g mol(-1)) when compared with 80% conversion with a 5-fold excess (PDI = 1.21, M-n = 5310 g mol(-1)). When nonsterically hindered phenols are employed in a 20 molar excess with respect to the initiator the polymerizations have good linear first-order kinetics and give polymers with PDI between 1.06 and 1.16. When a highly hindered phenol is employed there is a significant induction period prior to polymerization taking place which is similar to when using no phenol. Less hindered phenols accelerated the polymerization when compared with polymerizations with no added phenol. Increasing steric hindrance at the -OH prevents this coordination which indicates that the role of phenol is different with either copper(0) or copper(I). Aliphatic and aromatic esters and amides were used successfully as initiators giving polymers with M-n close to that predicted at similar to 10,000 g mol(-1) and PDI typically less than 1.10. An induction period is observed in most cases which can be removed by a pre-equilibrium step before the addition of monomer. This results in excellent first-order kinetics being observed in the polymerization of MA in toluene solution (50 vol %). Here Cu(0) (powder)/Me-6-TREN with 20 equiv. of phenol and all of the reactants, except the monomer, were added to the reaction flask and stirred for 45 min at 25 degrees C. The structure of the polymer is shown by MALDI TOF MS to contain bromide chain ends derived from the alkyl bromide initiator. The retention of this end group is consistent with living radical polymerization. (C) 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym. Chem 46: 7376-7385, 2008


(57) Abstract: The present invention encompasses a method for the isolation on the nucleic acids of the surface by at least the following steps. It is charged nucleic acids from a predetermined direction to the surface; Immobilization of nucleic acids on the surface; the release of the immobilized nucleic acids from the surface; and, predominantly of the released nucleic acids in the charging direction Removal. Addition is preferably carried out from above.


The direction of growth of the main roots of a tree is an important determinant of the form of the root system. It affects the way the system exploits the soil (Karizumi, 1957) and has practical significance for the design of containers and for cultivation systems which can influence tree growth and anchorage. This review discusses the way in which root orientation is established and how it is modified by the environment.


David Hula, an American Virginia farmer, has broken the world record for maize yield with 28 560kg/ha in the 2013 National Corn Yield Contest of USA. After reviewing his history of maize yield contests as an en-trant, creation of the new world record yield was stated comprehensively, in details of soil activation, cultivar selec-tion, delicate and precise planting, irrigation and fertilizer management, disease control etc. His successful experi-ence of keeping health of both maize and soil was summarized, and the enlightenments for maize production were al-so proposed.


Empathy is assumed to be a multidimensional construct that implicates affective as well as cognitive aspects of social functioning. Patients with affective disorders show impairments of social interaction that could potentially be linked to deficits in empathy.
The aim of the following study was to examine empathic abilities in patients with bipolar affective disorder and patients with unipolar depressive disorder. Performance of patients in three paradigms measuring emotion recognition, emotional perspective taking and affective responsiveness was compared to a group of healthy controls, matched for age, gender and education. The influence of symptom severity and cognitive skills on empathic abilities was measured using symptom rating scales and neuropsychological tests. Furthermore self-reported data on social competence and empathic abilities were collected to evaluate the validity of the three paradigms. Data analysis revealed no general empathy deficit in both groups of affective disorders compared to controls. However, patients with bipolar affective disorder showed a reduced ability to generate adequate affective responses to emotional situations. Furthermore, analysing reaction times, significantly slower emotion processing was found in depressed patients in affective domains of empathy, whereas cognitive perspective taking was unaffected. Gender differences were only found in the ability of affective responsiveness, where women outperformed men. Negative correlations between manic symptoms and performance in perspective taking could be observed. Premorbid general intelligence was found to correlate positively with performance in affective responsiveness as well as executive functions showed negative interrelations with all three empathy components. Self-report data showed little coherence with empathy performance demonstrating limitations of self-report scales. Significant lower self-reported perspective taking and empathic concern as well as higher self-reported personal distress were found in patients compared to healthy controls. Also analysis of validity did not succeed with self-report scales. To attain accurate estimation of validity a more objective measuring such as rating by others would be necessary.
The results of the present study indicate diminished affective responsiveness as well as impairments in emotion processing in patients with affective disorders. Both competencies are presumed to be key abilities in social interaction processes. Further investigation of all three core components of empathy with larger samples have to be done to clarify the interaction of dysfunctional emotion processing and empathy in affective disorders.


Background: Morphine consumption during pregnancy could lead to defect and delay in nervous system development in the embryos. In the present study, development of the tongue of embryos whom their mothers received oral morphine during pregnancy have been studied. Methods: Female Wistar rats (200-220 g) after pregnancy were divided randomly into the experimental and control groups. The control group received tap water whereas the experimental group received morphine (0.05 mg/ml) in their drinking waters. On the day 19, the pregnant rats were killed by chloroform overdose and the embryos were removed surgically and were fixed in formalin 10%. Simultaneously, the rats' bloods were collected for corticosterone measurement. Weight and length of the embryos were determined. Then the embryos' heads were removed for tissue processing, cutting and Hematoxylin- Eosin staining. The subjects were evaluated using light microscope and MOTIC software. Number of the cells also counted. Un-paired t-test applied for statistical analysis. Results: Plasma corticosterone level, embryos' weight and length did not show any significant differences between  control and experimental groups. The large diameter of the tongue of the experimental group was decreased but the small diameter in two groups did not differ. Tongue cells numbers in the experimental group were increased but their size decreased.  Conclusion: Decrease in the large diameter of tongue, increase in the cell number and decrease in cell size indicate the influence of morphine consumption during pregnancy on tongue development in the embryos.


Abstract : The Department of Defense (DOD) conducted a two-phase study to determine how scientists and engineers in government and industrial research, development and production activities acquire information for performing work assignments on DOD programs. The Phase I study covered the information needs of DOD personnel engaged in research, development, test and evaluation (RDT and E) activities. Phase II investigated the nation's defense industry to determine its information needs, and the flow of scientific and technical information (flow process) inherent in satisfying those needs. It is based on a representative sample of 1500 individuals from approximately 120,000 scientists, engineers, and technical personnel in 83 organizations in the defense industry. Sixty-three questions were asked them regarding the user of scientific and technical information, his scientific or technical task, his utilization of information centers and services, and the search and acquisition process. The analysis included compilation of frequency distributions for answers to questions and pairs of questions. In addition the qualitative data were transformed into numerical form, and models were specified for relationships among elements of the flow process. The models are estimated from the data by means of regression analysis, to yield significant relationships and factors within the flow process. The Phase II Final Report describes the results of Phase II, and compares them with those of Phase I. It is presented in three volumes. Volume I contains a nontechnical summary of Phase II, including guidelines for management decisions and recommendations for the future.


We analyse the M-theoretic generalisation of the tangent space structure group after reduction of the D = 11 supergravity theory to two space-time dimensions in the context of hidden Kac–Moody symmetries. The action of the resulting infinite-dimensional 'R symmetry' group K(E 9) on certain unfaithful, finite-dimensional spinor representations inherited from K(E 10) is studied. We explain in detail how these representations are related to certain finite codimension ideals within K(E 9), which we exhibit explicitly, and how the known, as well as new finite-dimensional 'generalised holonomy groups' arise as quotients of K(E 9) by these ideals. In terms of the loop algebra realisations of E 9 and K(E 9) on the fields of maximal supergravity in two space-time dimensions, these quotients are shown to correspond to (generalised) evaluation maps, in agreement with previous results of [1]. The outstanding question is now whether the related unfaithful representations of K(E 10) can be understood in a similar way.


We report multi-mJ energy (>5mJ) extraction from femtosecond-pulse Yb-doped fiber CPA using coherent pulse stacking amplification (CPSA) technique. This high energy extraction has been enabled by amplifying 10's of nanosecond long pulse sequence, and by using 85-µm core Yb-doped CCC fiber based power amplification stage. The CPSA system consists of 1-GHz repetition rate mode-locked fiber oscillator, followed by a pair of fast phase and amplitude electro-optic modulators, a diffraction-grating based pulse stretcher, a fiber amplifier chain, a GTI-cavity based pulse stacker, and a diffraction grating pulse compressor. Electro-optic modulators are used to carve out from the 1-GHz mode-locked pulse train an amplitude and phase modulated pulse burst, which after stretching and amplification, becomes equal-amplitude pulse burst consisting of 27 stretched pulses, each approximately 1-ns long. Initial pulse-burst shaping accounts for the strong amplifier saturation effects, so that it is compensated at the power amplifier output. This 27-pulse burst is then coherently stacked into a single pulse using a multiplexed sequence of 5 GTI cavities. The compact-footprint 4+1 multiplexed pulse stacker consists of 4 cavities having rountrip of 1 ns, and one Herriott-cell folded cavity - with 9ns roundtrip. After stacking, stretched pulses are compressed down to the bandwidth-limited ~300 fs duration using a standard diffraction-grating pulse compressor.


26 This work presents a novel approach to the functionalization of graphite nanoparticles. The technique 27 provides a mechanism for covalent bonding between the filler and matrix, with minimal disruption to 28 the sp 2 hybridization of the pristine graphene sheet. Functionalization proceeded by covalently bonding 29 an epoxy monomer to the surface of expanded graphite, via a coupling agent, such that the epoxy con-30 centration was measured as approximately 4 wt.%. The impact of dispersing this material into an epoxy 31 resin was evaluated with respect to the mechanical properties and electrical conductivity of the graphite– 32 epoxy nanocomposite. At a loading as low as 0.5 wt.%, the electrical conductivity was increased by five 33 orders of magnitude relative to the base resin. The material yield strength was increased by 30% and 34 Young's modulus by 50%. These results were realized without compromise to the resin toughness.


Although a majority of the listening is done on headphones today, most, if not all, televised arena sports is still mixed for loudspeakers. By providing binaural audio for headphones listening, the qualities of surround sound could potentially be experienced on headphones. To find out if this holds true, 13 subjects with experience of critical listening agreed to perform a listening test where they were asked to rate four attributes of which preference is one. To the rating of preference, they also had to argue for their thinking. Lastly, further attributes and qualities was collected to find what attributes seem to be of greatest importance for rating of arena sports in binaural. The results show no statistical significance when comparing the ratings of the binaural and stereo mix for each attribute, and the sample group is clearly disagreeing what stimuli to rate the highest. The collection of qualitative data gave better results and could be summarized to seven attributes of which four appeared in the data from more than half of the test subject. With this result it is clear that more research is needed to find what the most important aspects of binaural mixing are, and how binaural audio best can be used for televised arena sports.


The invention provides a method for controlling an electronic device with a touch screen and an electronic device thereof. The method includes detecting a sequence of touch inputs within a predefined area on the touch screen; determining a sequence of dots and bars according to the sequence of touch inputs; and performing a predefined function on the electronic device when the sequence of dots and bars conforms to a predefined sequence of dots and bars.


Summary The question of Cassius Dio's time of writing is characterised by scant evidence and a lack of consensus. This article will present a highly significant correction to our understanding of the most important passage for this question, as well as two passages that have not generally been taken into consideration. The article will argue that Dio finished his main work in the late 210s and thereby support a so-called 'early dating'. This is central for the current re-evaluation of Dio since it gives a clearer picture of the background against which Dio conceived his work and his many sophisticated interpretations.


From a vital role in agriculture, food production and transportation, equids are now used primarily for sporting and leisure ventures, and often as much-loved companions. However, changing human demands have not only shaped the horse into the modern day animal we see today, but altered the way in which humans interact with equids on both a personal and professional level. Scientific research around human-animal relationships and bonds has increased exponentially, but there remains a paucity of research on the relationship between horse and human.
The aim of this project is to explore that relationship. With no comprehensive reviews consolidating the current state of evidence, a scoping review was performed first. Twenty-three publications met final inclusion criteria, found to be diverse, heterogeneous and lacking a robust evidence-base. Due to the heterogeneity of the studies, very limited comparisons of aims, objectives and methodologies could be drawn. Nonetheless, several different areas of research were identified; equine training methodologies and behaviour, horses within sport and leisure, and equine behaviour and reactions towards humans. Significant gaps within the evidence were documented, including how the relationship between horse and owner affects decisions made throughout the horse's life.
A mixed methods approach using in-depth interviews and cross-sectional questionnaires was used to explore this area of the horse-human relationship. Owners with previous experience of both purchasing a horse and making euthanasia decisions, were recruited through an online questionnaire exploring characteristics of people involved with the care of horses. Owner typing was performed based on responses to statements exploring the relationship participants had with their horses. This identified potential interviewees with a range of experiences and relationships with their horses. In-depth interviews allowed for further exploration of these personal attachments for eleven participants, and a deeper understanding of the motivations and experiences owners have surrounding purchasing and euthanasia decisions for horses. The importance of the horse as a pet (85% of participants strongly agree or agree) and family member (92.9% of participants strongly agree or agree), irrespective of owner experience and requirements, was highlighted in both online survey respondents and interview candidates. Expectations and obligations, as well as the conflict between them were key emerging themes for the purchasing decisions made by interview participants. Furthermore, the practical, obligational, and personal aspects of euthanasia decision-making, and the need for support was analogous across the interview owner groups. The emotional impact euthanasia had on the owners and their responsibility grief, highlights the extent to which an important decision such as euthanasia has on an owner, particularly for those with less experience. The data highlighted the need to support owners when making such decisions, taking into account their strong attachments which may impact their judgement when a decision needs to be made. Themes and ideas identified from these interviews were tested within a larger population of horse owners through a cross-sectional survey of owners with experience of purchase and euthanasia.
Results from 495 survey respondents identified high confidence, with the majority of owners (47.0%) ranking themselves a 10 with regards to their confidence in providing daily care to their own, and other people's horses. The majority of participants were very confident when making several decisions surrounding the purchase of their most recent horse; 58.9% very confident in deciding what horse to view and 52.3% very confident trying the horse and deciding if it was suitable. One in four less experienced participants did not seek any advice on the suitability of the horse, and the majority of participants sought no advice on the type of horse to view (39.2%) and its cost (49.9%). The most important requirements when purchasing a horse were: temperament when ridden (67.8%) and handled (70.5%), and conformation (43.2%). The most frequent consideration when purchasing a horse was the ability of the horse to carry out its desired function (76.9%). There were 409 participants with experience of euthanasia, and the majority of the participants' described this as humane destruction (59.2%). The horse's quality of life at the time of euthanasia (95.8%) or in the future (88.6%) were very important factors for participants during the euthanasia decision. Advice was sought from the vet by most participants (94.7%), highlighting the importance of shared decision making between the client and vet. Participants most frequently 'agreed' or 'strongly agreed' that they would make the same decision again (98.1%), and were confident it was the right decision for the horse (95.6%). This suggests that participants did not regret the decision they made for their horses, but with a high percentage described as 'humane destructions', this raises the question of whether these decisions were made too late.
This research has identified key factors of the horse-human relationship that were important in decision-making around purchase and euthanasia. Recommendations for future work include the validation of owner-typing and horse suitability tools for purchase, and the development of resources and support networks to draw on when considering euthanasia.


Modern day communication systems require accommodation of multiple wireless standards on the same device. In this work a reconfigurable Yagi antenna capable of switching between two distinct frequencies is presented. The frequencies are chosen as 3.5 GHz and 5.8 GHz for future 5G and ISM band communications respectively. Analysis of the modified Yagi antenna is performed using CST microwave studio simulator. The designed antenna is observed to be yielding adequate bandwidths in both the bands along with an end-fire type radiation pattern necessary for terrestrial communication.


The reaction of cyclic ethers with iodoxyl radical iodine oxide [generated by irradiation of iodine oxide formed in situ with red mercury(II) oxide and iodine] gives the corresponding ω-iodoalkyl formates in one step; tetrahydrofuran can be transformed into ω-iodoalkyl formate in 31% yield. Aldehyde cyclic acetals under conditions similar to the reaction of cyclic ethers lead to monoesters of α,ω-alkanediols in one step; cyclohexanecarboxaldehyde ethylene acetal gives 2-hydroxy cyclohexanecarboxylate in 60% yield. The pathways leading to ω-iodoalkyl formates and monoesters of α,ω-alkanediols are discussed based on the results of 18O-labelling studies with 18·OI and I218O.


The aim of this article is to provide, on the one hand, a state of aff airs regarding the studies related to postwar migration from Spain to Argentina (1946-1956), pointing out the evolution of the meaning and application of two key categories in migration studies, such as exile and emigration, all this in order to propose a definition of political migration. On the other hand, I will delve into the characteristics of postwar fl ow, which made it diff erent from previous population movements, so as to finally share and analyze the experiences of those who lived it, by means of their testimonies.


Different proportion of supernatant and glucose were added to INS 1 cells in varied incubation time.Insulin in media was measured by radioimmunoassay (RIA). Incubation with different proportion supernatant significantly increased insulin release in the presence of 20mmol/L glucose at different time( P 0.05 or 0.01).No significant effect of different proportion supernatant was found in the presence of 0,1.85mmol/L glucose compared with control,but insulin releasing was significantly increased in the presence of 5.6mmol/,16.7mmol/L,50mmol/L glucose as compared with INS 1 cells cultured without supernatant( P 0.05 or 0.01). RT PCR result showed that after 4h,12h,24h incubation respectively, 30% supernatant can not increased insulin messenger RNA levels significantly at the present of 16.7mmol/L glucose compared with INS 1 cells cultured with glucose alone. Our study suggests that the supernatant can increase glucose induced insulin releasing, but have no effect on insulin gene transcription and biosynthesis.


A theorem is presented concerning the morphogenesis of high-symmetry structures made of three-dimensional morphological units (MU's) free to move in three dimensions or constrained to a surface. All parts of each MU interact non-specifically with the rest of the structure, via an isotropic function of distance. Summing all interactions gives a net figure of merit, ℐ, that depends upon MU positions and orientations. A structure evolves via gradient dynamics, each MU moving down the local gradient of ℐ. The analysis is represented with generality in Fourier space. A "warping" from a configuration of MU's is a set of MU displacements and/or rotations that slightly perturb nearest neighbor relations; deviations can accrue across the structure, producing large global distortions. A warping behaves qualitatively like a small perturbation, so a warping from a stable equilibrium decays under gradient dynamics. Connection to the Symmetrization Theorem greatly extends the basin of attraction of stable symmetrical configurations. Warped configurations are equivalent as precursors of structure, which helps to understand assembly by accretion. Numerical illustrations are given in cylindrical geometry, for application to phyllotaxis; and in spherical geometry, for virus capsid structure. For animations of numerical evolutions that find high symmetry via unwarping, see


The invention provides a tool for honing a connecting bolt hole, comprising a honing head and a rotating shaft. One end of the rotating shaft is connected with a rotating driving device, and the other end is connected with the honing head; the outer peripheral surface of the honing head corresponds to the wall of the bolt hole; the honing head comprises a telescopic sleeve, a linear motion guide device of the telescopic sleeve, a shaft end sleeve, a honing strip and a hinge rod; the shaft end sleeve is sleeved on the tail end of the rotating shaft and rotates along with the rotating shaft; the hinge rod is formed by hinging two rod together; the joint of the two rods is hinged with the honing strip; two ends of the hinge rod are hinged with the telescopic sleeve and the shaft end sleeve respectively; and the linear motion guide device of the telescopic sleeve and the rotating shaft are arranged coaxially. The tool is used for honing and repairing the connecting bolt hole in a certain range and can guarantee the roughness and accuracy requirements of the large connecting bolt hole. When the tool works, the tool does not need to be adjusted manually, thereby being convenient to use. The tool is simple in structure and easy to manufacture, is safe and reliable and can be applied and popularized widely to various occasions.