This paper investigates the relationship between average driving distance and performance for PGA Tour golfers. Using a dataset containing information on more than 400 different golfers over the course of nine years, we performed a best subsets analysis on the 7 most relevant explanatory variables (fairway percentage, number of rounds played, greens in regulation percentage, average putts per round, average scrambling percentage, number of wins, and number of top 10 finishes) to create a reduced multiple regression model. We then added average drive distance as an explanatory variable to the model and performed an Extra Sum of Squares test to compare the full and reduced models. Based on this ESS test and the fact that the full model (the model including average driving distance) had a higher adjusted R-squared value than the reduced model, we concluded that higher average driving distances are significantly correlated with increased average scores. Implications of this finding are discussed. Introduction Golf is a challenging sport, rewarding precision and accuracy in players. Players must continually adapt, as the game and its strategies are constantly evolving. Over the past 100 years, average driving distance has increased along with the length of golf courses. Often, coaches often emphasize that players should increase their driving distance to improve, though there are concerns that this focus draws away from other crucial parts of the game (USGA, 2020). Moreover, from a purely mathematical perspective, there is a tradeoff between driving distance and accuracy. If a player tends to miss their target on either side by about 10% of their driving distance, for example, that 10% becomes larger as the driving distance increases. As such, it is unclear as to whether or not increasing driving distance genuinely improves golf performance. At the professional level, the discourse concerning the relationship between driving distance and score has proven influential. One example of a PGA Tour golfer following the trend to increase driving distance is Bryson DeChambeau, who spent years adding yards to his drives (Golf, 2019). In fact, his current average driving distance of 322 yards leads the 2020-2021 PGA Tour season, with the average Tour player only driving the ball 295.3 yards (PGA Tour, 2021). This topic goes beyond DeChambeau, however: it has caught the attention of the United States Golf Association (USGA), which produces and interprets the rules of golf that PGA Tour players must follow. The USGA released a report stating that "increased driving distance can begin to undermine the core principle that the challenge of golf is about needing to demonstrate a broad range of skills to be successful" (USGA, 2020). Given this background, we wondered if higher average driving distance could be related to lower average scores (which are desirable in golf) on the PGA Tour. Further, we wanted to examine the nature and extent of the relationship. We predicted that increased driving distance would be correlated with lower (better) average scores. Methods Data Preparation The dataset used in our analysis was obtained from Kaggle and includes information on key golf metrics for 439 unique PGA Tour players between the years of 2010 and 2018 (Jong, 2019). The data was scraped from the PGA Tour website (Jong, 2019). Out of the 2,312 original combinations of years and players, 634 rows only contained data on four of the sixteen variables. Those observations were dropped. The final dataset contained 1678 observations and 19 variables. All analysis was completed in R Studio. Variables and Exploratory Analysis Before we began our analysis, we decided to not consider each of the variables relating to shots gained because they directly explain average score. Furthermore, we did not consider variables relating to earnings or points, as these are, in part, reliant on average score. Thus, the variables remaining included fairway percentage, number of rounds played, average driving distance, greens in regulation percentage, average putts per round, average scrambling percentage, number of wins, and number of top 10 finishes. Each row represented a year for each player from 2010 to 2018. As such, all averages indicated the average for a given player during a given year of competition, and all percentages indicated a given percentage of the player's professional play for a given year. Additionally, each row for average score indicated the average score for a given player, for a given year across PGA Tour tournaments that the player competed in. An exploratory data analysis revealed that each variable was roughly normally distributed, excluding year (Appendix A). This pattern of normal distribution was expected given that our dataset is representative of players on the PGA Tour.


The manuscript by Ehmele et al. investigates the use of a large ensemble of RCM simulations instead of very long observational times series (of precipitation and river discharge) in estimation of return periods. This is very interesting, esp. because of the possibility to use a consistent meteorological dataset in forcing a hydrological model for discharge calculations. Still, I have questions which are detailed below. Thank you very much. We hope to implement your comments and answer your questions in a sufficient way.


This scholarly collection presents some of the most important classical and contemporary texts of relevance to political sociology. Volume I offers an overview of the sociological approach to the concepts of power and the state; it examines state theory in the 1970s from both a Marxist and Capitalist point of view, the recent shift of political power from the state to other areas of society, this issue of citizenship, and the welfare state.


The image display device displays the selective implementation of a 2D image and a 3D image including a plurality of red, green and blue sub-pixel panel according to the present invention; And provided with a patterned retarder to separate the light from the display panel when the 3D image implementing a first polarization component and second polarization component; When the 3D video implementation, in the first 4j of the display panel arranged in the column direction of the sub-pixels (j is a positive integer), the displayed black image, and; The 2D image implementation, the first 4j sub-pixels, the one of a 2D image on the red, green and blue are displayed.


Diamond-like carbon (DLC) films were deposited on silicon substreates by using an RF plasmaassisted CVD apparatus; the effects of deposition conditions such as CH₄gas pressure and substrate bias voltage on DLC film friction and wear were examined in both friction and scratch tests. In friction tests critical loads at which the friction coefficient increases abruptly depend on substrate bias voltages: critical loads deposited at a bias voltage of -100 V exceed those deposited at other bias voltages. Critical loads are correlated with DLC film hydrogen content. Critical DLC film loads in scratch tests depended considerably less than in friction tests. The friction coefficient of DLC films depends on neither substrate bias voltage nor CH₄ gas pressure.


Information spillovers from multinational enterprises to local firms in developing countries are examined in the literature on global value chains and foreign direct investment. However, global value chain studies and foreign direct investment studies are carried out independently and separately. While global value chain studies describe an important mechanism that underlies the productivity improvements of local firms in developing countries, most foreign direct investment studies attempt to assess econometrically the impacts on the productivity of local firms. This survey article concludes that an integrated approach incorporating the insightful perspective of global value chain studies into the empirical approach of foreign direct investment studies will likely reveal the channel through which information spillovers lead to the productivity improvements of local firms in developing countries.


The development of the 4G mobile communication system (4G) is proposed first, then the security problems faced by the 4G mobile communication system are discussed, finally the precautions and countermeasures are suggested.


Provide an electrophotographic photosensitive material having a high surface charge retention of the electrophotographic photoconductor containing a photosensitive material and the photosensitive material and a method of manufacturing a photoconductor, characterized in that benzene was added to the photosensitive material having a charge generation function in phthalimide salt compound.


Abstract. This paper investigates the impact of sea waves on turbulent heat fluxes in the Barents Sea. The COARE algorithm, meteorological data from reanalysis and wave data from the WW3 wave model results were used. The turbulent heat fluxes were calculated using the modified Charnock parameterization for the roughness length and several parameterizations, which explicitly account for the sea waves parameters. A catalog of storm wave events and a catalog of extreme cold-air outbreaks over the Barents Sea were created and used to calculate heat fluxes during extreme events. The important role of cold-air outbreaks in the energy exchange of the Barents Sea and the atmosphere is demonstrated. A high correlation was found between the number of cold-air outbreaks days and turbulent fluxes of sensible and latent heat, as well as with the net flux of long-wave radiation averaged over the ice-free surface of the Barents Sea during a cold season. The differences in the long-term mean values of heat fluxes calculated using different parameterizations for the roughness length are small and are on average 1–3 % of the flux magnitude. Parameterizations of Taylor and Yelland and Oost et al. on average lead to an increase of the magnitude of the fluxes, and the parameterization of Drennan et al. leads to a decrease of the magnitude of the fluxes over the entire sea compared to the Charnock parameterization. The magnitude of heat fluxes and their differences during the storm wave events exceed the mean values by a factor of 2. However, the effect of explicit accounting for the wave parameters is, on average, small and multidirectional, depending on the used parameterization for the roughness length. In the climatic aspect, it can be argued that the explicit accounting for sea waves in the calculations of heat fluxes can be neglected. However, during the simultaneously observed storm waves and cold-air outbreaks, the sensitivity of the calculated values of fluxes to the used parameterizations increase along with the turbulent heat transfer increase. In some extreme cases, during storms and cold-air outbreaks, the difference reaches 700 W m−2.


The culturing goal of agricultural professional master degree is to educate qualified talents with innovative and vocational abilities for the local economical construction and the selection of teaching materials for students is a key ring in education. At present, some of the teaching materials adopted in this degree unit lack specialty features or local features. At the same time, in the local universities, vocational features of teaching materials are often overemphasized, and the forms of teaching materials are homogenized. In recent years, Hunan University of Humanities, Science and Technology has set up a new training mode which is "three-double, four-module, and seven-period" training mode, and compiled a series of teaching materials to fit with this new mode. In this paper, we introduced the construction of self-compiled teaching materials used for this new training mode. It will be valuable experience for the other scientific and educational institutions. Keywords—agricultural professional master degree; selfcompiled teaching material; new training mode


Purpose: The purpose of this study was to assess demographic characteristics of women prescribed beta‐blocker (&bgr;‐blocker) medication and compare to those not using &bgr;‐blocker medication, and to determine if there are differences in depression and fatigue among women who used &bgr;‐blockers compared to nonusers 6–12 months after myocardial infarction (MI). Data sources: This was a descriptive cross‐sectional study of 84 women (61 using &bgr;‐blockers and 23 not using &bgr;‐blockers) aged 65 and older who were 6–12 months post‐MI. Women had their height and weight measured and completed a Demographic Health Form, the Geriatric Depression Scale, and the Revised Piper Fatigue Scale (RPFS). Conclusions: While most of the women were taking &bgr;‐blockers after MI (74%), significantly fewer Black women were taking &bgr;‐blockers (χ2= 5.086, p= 0.032). Most of the &bgr;‐blocker users were overweight or obese. There were no significant differences in age, t(82) = 0.7, p= 0.486; body mass index, t(82) = 0.76, p= 0.445; income, χ2(df = 2) = 3.219, p= 0.075; mean depression, t(82) = 1.648, p= 0.103; or fatigue scores, t(82) = 0.993, p= 0.324, between &bgr;‐blocker users and nonusers. More of those not taking &bgr;‐blockers reported fatigue with significantly higher fatigue in the affective meaning dimension of the RPFS, t(82) = 2.272, p= 0.03. Implications for practice: &bgr;‐Blocker medication continues to be underutilized in older women. Because no difference was noted in fatigue and depression in the two groups, these may mean that these side effects are not barriers in prescribing this medication post‐MI. Nurse practitioners are in pivotal positions to monitor the ongoing physiological and psychological sequelae post‐MI and implement interventions to improve their outcomes.


The cooperative models are influenced by three levels which are individuals level involving behavioral path, intensity of relational capital and ability of knowledge sharing, organizations level involving discrepancy of position-based resource, learning capability and difference of corporate culture, cluster level involving network relevance types, overall strategy and systematic operation setting. All the influencing factors can be reflected into two aspects of cooperative willingness and ability. From the levels, the various factors affect cooperative willingness and cooperation ability and finally four collaborative models are formed. The models which are community type, chamber type, teamwork type and group type involve different expression forms. The selection of inter-enterprise cooperative model in innovation cluster is just affected by the cooperative willingness and capability from the various levels.


Effect of soaking time on some composition of lima bean seed flour was investigated . Lima bean seeds ( Phaseolus lunatus ) were soaked in de-ionized water for 12, 24, 36, and 48hrs respectively followed by draining, drying and milling . The un-soaked seeds were milled and served as control . Proximate and mineral compositions as well as Phytate, tannins and oxalates were determined using standard procedures.  Results were compared with the raw and soaked lima bean respectively . The moisture levels in lima bean increased with soaking time from (11.35% to15.56%) and were significantly different (P= 0.05) in all samples. Variation in Protein were not significantly different (P=0.05) ranging from 7.92% to 10.70%. All the mineral contents increased significantly (P=0.05) with increase in soaking time. Consequently, all the anti-nutritional factors investigated reduces significantly with soaking time (P=0.05). Keywords : Anti-nutritional factors, Lima beans, Mineral Compositions and soaking time.


Finned tubes are widely used in heat-exchangers due to high efficiency in the process of heat transfer.Traditionally the natural frequencies of finned tubes are calculated by some approximate methods,however,which have an influence on the precision.FEM was applied to establish the modals of finned tubes with single span and double spans,the natural frequencies and corresponding modal shapes were obtained through modal analysis.Meanwhile,the experimental data on natural frequencies of finned tubes determined by R.D.Blevins were in fairly good agreement with the results of FEM.These can provide a reference on how to determine the natural frequencies of finned tubes,and help to select the finned tubes with appropriate size in the application of engineering.


S 5 ORIGINAL PAPERS 7 ABBREVIATIONS 9 INTRODUCTION 11 BACKGROUND 13 THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK 17 Stress and Crises Physical Stress Psychological Stress Bereavement Attachment Theory The course of grief work Coping Psychosocial Transition AIMS 25 METHODS 26 Questionnaires Procedure Statistical procedures ETHICAL CONSIDERATIONS 32 Ethical approval RESULTS 33 DISCUSSION 43 Methodological Considerations CONCLUSIONS 51 CLINICAL IMPLICATION 52 FUTURE RESEARCH 53 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTES (In Swedish) 54 SUMMARY (In Swedish) 57 REFERENCES 67 PAPER I–IV 73


The recent revival of interest in gliding in this country is my excuse for drawing attention to a feature in the wings of birds whose gliding depends primarily on ascending currents, mainly raptores (eagles, vultures, hawks, kites, etc.), especially in the tropics.


In this paper we review the mathematical advances achieved in recent years on a re∞ector design problem. This problem can be reduced to the solvability of a fully nonlinear partial difierential equation of MongeAmpere type, subject to a second boundary condition. In the far fleld case the existence and regularity of solutions was established in [W1]. In the near fleld case, the existence of weak solutions was obtained in [KO]. The regularity is a very complicated issue but we found precise conditions for it [KW]. In this paper we also prove the C1 regularity of the re∞ector, assuming less regular energy distributions.


The work aimed at developing a modified release hydrogel formulation of poorly soluble drug, Gliclazide using a retardant hydrophilic polymer HPMC in two grades i.e., HPMC 15 cps and Methocel K4M. ..


Ninety extracts obtained from fungi growing in Slovenia were screened for cysteine proteinase inhibitory activity using in vitro assay. Papain, human cathepsin B and human cathepsin H were the three enzymes used in this study. Our results suggest that at least two fungi from all the samples examined might contain substances with inhibitory activity. One fraction of the extract obtained from Cortinarius violaceus (L. Fr.) Fr. (Basidiomycotina) and two fractions of the extract obtained from Gloeophyllum odoratum (Wulf. Fr.) Imaz. (Basidiomycotina) exhibited the highest inhibitory activity and were selected for further investigation.


This title contains a selection of the most influential literature on the historical evolution of collaborative agreements in international business. Strategic alliances and other forms of collaboration are prominent features of contemporary business life, but it is seldom realized that such strategies have been extensively employed by firms throughout the twentieth century. This collection of papers – drawn from all periods of the last hundred years to the present day – seeks to explore this rich experience and highlight its importance to present-day debates and to consider the strategies of a wide range of American, Japanese and European firms and industries.


The author summarizes observations made on an inspection trip over the major European airways. Aviation radio in Europe differs from aviation radio in the United States in the prevalent use of intermediate frequencies exclusively. European aviation radio may be divided into three major classifications as follows: (1) Communications from ground to plane and plane to ground. (2) Point-to-point communications in connection with the traffic dispatching of aircraft. (3) Meteorological communications relating to safe flying conditions. The type of equipment used for receiving and transmitting on ground and on aircraft, together with the frequencies and power used, is described. The present system of direction finding is given in detail. The use of high frequencies for aviation radio in Europe is still in a highly experimental stage.


An objective technique to discriminate developing from nondeveloping cloud clusters during tropical cyclogenesis is described. Since vortices are characterized by high levels of organization or axisymmetry, their detection at early stages of the lifecycle of tropical cyclones makes it possible to determine when they form. To quantify the axisymmetry of a cloud cluster around a predefined radius, a statistical analysis of the orientation of the brightness-temperature gradient is performed. Results show that early detections of axisymmetric structures reliably indicate the cyclone genesis on an average of 0.6 h before an atmospheric disturbance becomes a tropical depression. In addition, the technique shows potential to discriminate nondeveloping from developing cloud clusters. A statistical analysis shows that a true-positive rate of detection of approximately 93% could be achieved with a false-alarm rate of 22%.


The paper describes CTG's interdisciplinary approach to conceptualizing and evaluating government information systems. The CTG partnership approach emphasizes an iterative process that fosters organizational learning in a neutral, low-risk environment. CTG's partnership model brings together individuals from government agencies, vendors of technology and technology services, and university faculty and students across a range of disciplines to evaluate the potential costs and benefits of technology solutions in the context of programmatic and policy objectives. The CTG methodology is described both generally and more specifically through a discussion of three distinct programs of activity focused on aspects of information system conceptualization and evaluation in the public sector.


The complexes formed between C = 0 and O—H in several carbonyl and substituted phenols have been investigated by the limiting polarization method of FEW and SMITH. Evidence is presented to show that the long-range dipole-dipole polarization masks the short-range hydrogen bonding effects. The determination of the dielectric polarization is one of the most direct and promising methods that will give useful information in the study of short range interactions leading to hydrogen bonding in solute-solvent systems. Recently many workers [1-7J have reported dipole moment studies of Η-bonded complexes between the proton of a hydroxyl group and the lone-pair of electrons in nitrogen and carbonyl compounds. The methods adopted were based essentially on either the limiting polarization technique of FEW and SMITH [8] or the ONSAGER [9] relation. The methods generally attempt to calculate Δμ, the vectorial difference between the experimental and theoretical moments of the complex, and this should normally give the induced polarization moment due to short range interaction. If enough experimental data exist so as to justify a systematic statistical analysis of Δμ, then the method offers an excellent possibility of distinguishing various species present in the system, by comparing the experimental Δμ with the ones obtained for different assumed models. This approach has already been successfully employed by HUYSKENS et al. [10] in detecting the presence of "rota mers" in phenol-anilines systems. The study of the Η-bonds of the type C = 0 O—H occupies a position of considerable importance as it relates to the study of biopolymers. The present authors have undertaken a systematic investigation of the dielectric polarization and infra-red spectra of the Η-bonded species of the type C = 0 O—H and the results of the study of the dielectric polarization of several phenols + carbonyl systems are reported here. 1 NATESA SUNDARESAN, ANALAI RANGACHARI RAMKUMAR and RAMANATHA VARADARAJAN, Department of Physics, National College, Trichirapalli-620001 (India). Proof and correspondence to: Dr. RAMAMOORTHY SABESAN, Μ. Α., M. Sc., Ph. D., Professor and Head of the Department of Physics, National College, Trichirapalli-620001 (TamOnadu/India). 842 Ν. SuNDARESAN et al. : Studies of Carbonyl-Hydroxyl Interactions . . . I. Experimental The dielectric measurements were carried out with benzene as the solvent, at a frequency of 300 kHz using a Toshniwal RL 09 dipole meter. The refractive indices were measured with Abbe's refractometer. The temperature was controlled at 35 ± 0-5°C. The samples were AnalaR quality, and were distilled in vacua before use. The uncertainty in μ values, due to numerical analysis deviation, fluctuation of temperature, and the possible error in concentration of the mother solution, is about + 0 1 Debye. The apparent molar polarizations at infinite dilution in solvents containing varying amount of phenols {A) and benzene (5) were determined for all carbonyl compounds (Β) at different concentrations, using the Halverstadt-Kumler [11] method. The variation of dielectric constant Ε and refra ctiveindex ND with the concentration of the carbonyl compounds and the apparent total polarization (Pb*)AS and the polarization for the complex (PABA:)S f ° r t w o typical systems are given in Table 1 and 2. Determination of the dipole moment of the complex If the partners of the complex are themselves associated, then the total observed dipole moment of the species can be given by a most general expression + cB) = ΣμΙβαη + + Tablet . Variation of e, nD, (PBoo)AS with the concentration of parachlorophenol acetoneparachlorophenol system CB CU Ε "D (PBXÌAS IO 2 mole/litre mole/litre (PBOO)AS ' (PBAO)s 0-97 0-25 3-542 1-4861 191-57 2-97 0-37 3-712 1-4885 202-02 2-27 0-50 3-901 1-4890 214-14 1-78 0-60 4 049 1-4901 223-59 1-52 0-75 4-233 1-4911 227-61 1-43 1 1 9 0-25 3-733 1-4850 184-03 3-73 0-37 3-933 1-4860 193-17 2-83 0-50 4-114 1-4869 203-76 2-18 0-60 4-287 1-4880 215-31 1-74 0-75 4-476 1-4890 219-12 1-63 1-35 0-25 3-901 1-4841 181-65 4-21 0-37 4-079 1-4845 191-26 3 0 0 0-50 4-273 1-4855 198-63 2-45 0-60 4-449 1-4865 211-59 1-86 0-75 4-665 1-4875 213-76 1-79 1-55 0-25 4-071 1-4818 178-06 4-95 0-37 4-287 1-4822 184-90 3-70 0-50 4-484 1-4835 19413 2-76 0-60 4-676 1-4839 205-17 2 1 1 0-75 4-916 1-4851 215-11 1-75 Ν. SUNDARESAN et al.: Studies of Carbonyl-Hydroxyl Interactions ... I. 843 Table 2. Variation of e, nD, (.PBcx)AS with the concentration of parachlorophenol acetophenone-parachlorophenol system CB CA ε n0 ifBOO)AS IO 2 mole/litre mole/litre (PbooÌAS (.PBO>)S 0-76 0 1 3 3-258 1-4986 225-33 5-87 0-25 3-480 1-4994 249-56 2-42 0-37 3-628 1-5007 258-88 1-98 0-50 3-779 1-5015 277-61 1-44 0-63 3-968 1-5025 289-90 1-23 0-96 0 1 3 3-496 1-4997 224-90 6-02 0-25 3-712 1-5009 241-03 3-05 0-37 3-874 1-5015 251-62 2-31 0-50 4-047 1-5024 266-30 1-72 0-63 4-238 1-5034 278-97 1-41 115 013 3-696 1-5007 223-75 6-47 0-25 3-941 1-5015 239-56 3-20 0-37 4-120 1-5022 248-95 2-46 0-50 4-268 1-5032 258-59 1-99 0-63 4-519 1-5040 271-89 1-57 1-34 013 3-922 1-5014 225-04 5-97 0-25 4-130 1-5020 235-08 3-73 0-37 4-303 1-5032 242-49 2-92 0-50 4-508 1-5039 255-80 2-10 0-63 4-741 1-5049 266-82 1-71 where μ\Β represents the mean square dipole moment of the complex species. CA is the total concentration of the proton donor, C"n is the concentration of its w-mer and μ\η the mean square dipole moment of the w-mer. Similar quantities for the proton acceptor are distinguished by the suffix "b" . A certain amount of caution is necessary in the interpretation of the experimentally observed dipole moment of the complex, especially when it is known for certain that more than one complex exist in the system including self-association. However, by a proper choice of the concentration of the proton donor it is possible to reduce the number of self-associated species present in the proton-donor. It has been shown that in the concentration region we have chosen, most of the proton donors are either monomelic or cyclic in structure [12]. Also it has been shown from infra-red studies [13-15] in these systems that the relative abundance of the higher order complexes like A"Bm is very low in the region of concentrations chosen in the present investigation. Hence by the proper choice of the range of concentrations of both donor and acceptor, the species present may be made predominantly of 1 : 1 stoichiometry. In such a system, the method of FEW and SMITH can be successfully employed to obtain the dipole moment of the 1 : 1 complexes. It can be shown [16] that, if (PAl)s and (PBac)s a j e the molar polarizations of the proton donor and the proton acceptor in the solvent and (Pb is the apparent formation constant of the complex. and (^BOC)S = (PAJs + (ΡΒΛ + ΔΡ μΛΒ = 001281 J { P A t J s T The inverse of the intercept and the inverse of the slope of the plot between Î and—!—win give Δ Ρ and ΚΛννΔΡ respectively. Plots for the systems (PBac)AS ~ (Ρ Bac) S Ca p-chlorophenol + Acetone, and p-chlorophenol + acetophenone are given in Fig. 1 and Fig. 2. There appears to be a systematic variation of the formation constant A"app


New ionization methods for GC/MS and LC/MS interface which have been developed in our laboratory will be described. The atmospheric pressure Penning ionization was developed for GC/MS interface. Its sensitivity was found to be as good as that of the electron impact ionization method. The laser spray developed for LC/MS interface, which can be regarded as the electric-field assisted MALDI, gave about one order of magnitude higher ion detection sensitivity than the conventional electrospray. In addition, laser spray can detect ions with different surface activities more non-selectively than electrospray.


The invention belongs to the technical field of medicines, and particularly relates to a cefadroxil compound and pharmaceutical composition comprising the same. The cefadroxil compound is a cefadroxil hydrate with the molecular formula of C16H17N3O5S*3.5H2O, and the structural formula is shown in the specification. Various pharmaceutically-acceptable dosage forms can be prepared from the pharmaceutical composition comprising the cefadroxil compound, and chewable tablets and capsules are preferred. The cefadroxil compound has the advantage of capability of significantly improving the water solubility and the hygroscopicity of cefadroxil compounds.


Abstract Point sampling methods traditionally used for assessing accuracy of small‐area thematic maps are less suitable for large‐area, lower resolution maps. Maplets, or detailed maps of small areas, are proposed here as an alternative source of independent reference data for accuracy assessment. As a land cover census instead of a sparse sample of points, maplets can provide information on the composition, heterogeneity, and accuracy of individual map units, on boundary locational accuracy, and the spatial pattern of errors in the large‐area map. The technique is illustrated by a case study for a wildlife habitat map of southern California, USA. Overall agreement between the maplet and the large‐are map was 63%. However, the total area of map units in which the label agreed with the majority maplet class was 84%. This result suggests that much of the "error"; was actually generalization rather than misclassification.


We reporte synthesis of new molecular clips based on a dimer of
o xylylene walled propanediurea. In a non-polar solution the
dimers act as a host for halide anions. Weak binding of guest
molecules surprisingly proceeds on a concave side of dimer
instead of the cavity formed by o-xylylene groups.


This study investigated the intention of youngsters to experiment with metaverse during their shopping experience. The study combined the Uses and Gratification Theory and Stimulus-Organism-Response theory to develop the conceptual model. The model was validated through an empirical study involving youngsters (N=270). The results show that the retail experience and metaverse application characteristics significantly impacted the organism components of hedonic and social gratification. However, features of retail experience characteristics and metaverse applications did not impact utilitarian gratification. Hedonic and social gratification significantly impacted the youngsters' intention to experiment metaverse during their shopping experience. Utilitarian gratification did not impact their shopping intentions, enabled through the metaverse experience. The study elucidates the implications for theory and retail practice benefiting consumers, metaverse retail app designers and influences retailers' marketing strategy.


Art is defined as the conscious use of skill and creative imagination especially in the production of aesthetic objects. It is noted that art has long been used by health professionals as a tool to facilitate the diagnosis of various illnesses and as a resource for healing. In addition art is often used by mental health specialists as it has been beneficial for people with schizophrenia or psychosis; survivors of sexual abuse torture or other trauma; autistic children; people with brain damage or learning disabilities; people suffering amnesia; and even anorexics. In addition to its usefulness in diagnosis art also has healing properties and a privileged means of political expression. Throughout history revolutions have been accompanied by artistic expressions presenting new cultural mores and icons. As these innovative experiences have shown theater dance painting street theater performance art mime puppet shows stories and poetry can have an even longer lasting impact than an academic event or formal speech.


Feminism is a secular movement, not a religious one; nevertheless, it has spilled over into Christianity and has gained considerable significance in Christian thinking. The movement is founded on a series of agendas trying to correct historical gender-based inequities. Christian feminists have developed a theology of their own in which the scriptures and church traditions are reinterpreted in the context of historical male dominance and bias. Christian feminist theology rests on a three-fold analysis: 1. Women were excluded from ordained ministry in traditional churches and given a subordinate role in shaping theological doctrines. 2. Christianity has confirmed, rather than weakened, traditional patriarchal social structures, especially marriage. Women, in other words, are the train cars rather than the engines in social evolution and their biological frailties have been exploited to consign them to a permanent subordinate status while their biological strengths have been harnessed to benefit patriarchy. 3. The vocabulary of the church and the Bible is androcentric, making theology a male preserve and God himself a father figure, despite the fact that the majority of believers have been and are women.

Keywords:

women and theology;
feminism, a secular movement, not a religious one;
christian feminist theology, on a three-fold analysis;
female ordination, denominations outside the catholic church;
women and theology;
feminism, a secular movement, not a religious one;
christian feminist theology, on a three-fold analysis;
female ordination, denominations outside the catholic church


Using femtosecond laser writing technique, near-surface waveguides with no need for additional processing were written in silver-containing glasses. An ultra-sensitive refractive index sensor exhibiting a novel double-wing feature is manufactured in a 1 cm glass chip.


Transport, deposition, and resuspension of fine particulate organic matter (FPOM, <1 mm) is an important aspect of the energy dynamics in streams. However, it has been virtually impossible to study these factors because of the difficulty in working with particles of such small sizes. Two papers (Banks and Wolfinbarger 1981 and Wolfinbarger and Crosby 1983) describing methods for labeling marine detritus with {sup 14}C led us to explore these methods for studying FPOM dynamics in flowing water.


The Classification of Odontogenic Cysts (Roger M. Browne). The Structure of Odontogenic Cysts (Roger M. Browne). Odontogenic Epithelium and Its Residues (Anthony J. Smith and John B. Matthews). Pathogenesis of Odontogenic Cysts (Roger M. Browne and Anthony J. Smith). Animal Models of Odontogenic Cysts (Roger M. Browne). Odontogenic Cyst Fluids (Anthony J. Smith). Bone Resorption in Relation to Odontogenic Cysts (Wilson Harvey). Glycoconjugates in Odontogenic Cysts (Anthony J. Smith). Cholesterol in the Walls of Odontogenic Cysts (John R. Garrett and Katherine M.S. Winstone). Hyaline and Foreign Bodies in Cyst Walls (John B. Matthews). Odontogenic Keratocysts in Syndrome and Non-Syndrome Patients (John W. Rippin and Julia A. Woolgar). Basal Cell Nevus Syndrome (Julia A. Woolgar and John W. Rippin). Index Brings together recent findings in odontogenesis and the pathogenesis of odontogenic cysts Emphasizes investigative pathology of odontogenic cysts


ABSTRACT In this paper distributed parameter systems governed by systems of linear partial differential equations have been treated. The admissibly control functions are assumed to belong to a closed ball in the appropriate Banach space. Formulae have been derived, such that the norm of the control function in the Banach space in which they are assumed to belong is minimized, such that the control becomes simultaneously time optimal.


Linear sweep signal is one of the most common signals in Vibroseis. The rationality of designing a sweeping signal decides the detection effect. This paper started from the characteristics of harmonic interference. It has researched distribution of harmonic interference and looked for a good sweeping bandwidth in order to suppressing harmonic interference.


Prevalence estimates of the serious hazards of transfusion vary widely. We hypothesized that the current reporting infrastructure in the United States fails to capture many transfusion reactions and undertook a multicenter study using active surveillance, data review, and adjudication to test this hypothesis.


Background: Socioeconomic disadvantage is a major risk factor for poor health and a consistent contributor to chronic stress, both of which are disempowering to individuals and communities. Poverty has been linked to a higher prevalence of many health conditions, including increased risk of chronic disease, injury, deprived infant development, anxiety, depression, premature death, and the negative impact of allostatic load associated with chronic stress. With the rising costs of healthcare, there is an urgent and ongoing need for effective strategies for the impoverished to diminish the negative impact of the stress response and enhance their level of empowerment. Method: Individuals associated with a community-based organization that assists impoverished individuals to move toward self-sufficiency were invited to attend a HeartMath (HM) two-session workshop series (4 weeks apart), and an additional discussion-only session was scheduled 4 weeks after the second session. Participants completed Personal and Organizational Quality Assessments (POQAs) at both workshop sessions to gather pre- and post-intervention data. Each session 1 participant received a Quiet Joy CD and was asked to practice the techniques that they learned between sessions 1 and 2. A third session was scheduled 4 weeks after session 2 as a check-in with participants to determine if they continued to use the HeartMath techniques and for them to share their experiences as a result of exposure to the information. Results: Twenty individuals participated in workshop session 1; 14 participated in workshop session 2; and 11 individuals attended session 3. Although an equal-pair comparison was not possible, pre and post POQA analysis results demonstrated a general improvement in emotional well-being and reduction in stress symptoms for the group. However, there was a slight but notable reduction in two areas: positive outlook and gratitude. Individuals showed reduced symptoms in the six General Health Stress Symptoms categories, and the Group Average Stress Score was reduced by 40 on the post assessment. In the third, group-discussion-only session, participants shared anecdotally their experiences with emotion regulation and stress transformation since participation in the two-session workshop. The majority reported that they continued to use the HeartMath techniques and generally reported that they felt at ease more often and, in most cases, were better able to regulate their stress responses associated with the challenges of their lower socioeconomic status. Conclusion: Although HeartMath cannot be solely depended upon to resolve all matters associated with poverty, it is believed that it holds potential as an additional resource for those facing the daily stressors and the negative biopsychoemotional impacts associated with it. Consistent practice and application of the HeartMath techniques hold potential to enhance people's emotion-regulation ability, to build and sustain psychophysiological resilience, and to increase some level of control in their lives. Thus, HeartMath is being promoted as an intermediate pathway to improve physical health and psycho-emotional well-being, increase individual and community empowerment, and ultimately reduce healthcare costs among those of lower socioeconomic status.


Physico-mechanical property is one of the important aspects for site selection,design,construction and performance assessment of high-level radioactive waste(HLW) disposal.Through a nationwide screening and comparison,Beishan area,a Gobi desert in Gansu Province,is considered as a suitable candidate for HLW geological repository in China.The dominant lithology in Beishan area is porphyritic monzonitic granite and tonalite,with high homogeneity.The deep intact rock of Beishan area has the properties of high density,low porosity,high mechanical strength,low strain and high brittleness.The strain and acoustic emission behavior of granite under constant loading with different temperatures(room temperature,50 ℃,90 ℃) and confining pressures(0,10 and 30 MPa) are studied through creep test.The results indicate that the effect of temperatures and confining pressure on the mechanical property is significant.When the confining pressure is 10 and 30 MPa respectively,the elastic modulus increases with temperature increasing to about 70 ℃,and then decreases a little with the temperature increasing higher;the crack damage stress linearly decreases and Poisson′s ratio linearly increases separately with the temperature increases.The steady state creep strain rate increases and the time to failure response at the same stress ratio reduces with the temperature increasing.The time to failure increases rapidly as the constant load decreases.The axial creep strain increases and time to failure of granite at the same stress ratio increases rapidly when confining pressure increases.


BACKGROUND
 Proactive detection of mental health (MH) needs among people with diabetes mellitus (DM) could facilitate early intervention, improve overall health and quality of life, and reduce individual and societal health and economic burdens. Passive sensing and ecological momentary assessment are newer methods that may be leveraged for proactive detection.

 OBJECTIVE
 The primary aim of this study was to conceptualize, develop, and evaluate a novel machine learning approach for predicting MH risk in people with DM.

 METHODS
 A retrospective study was designed to develop and evaluate a machine learning model, utilizing data collected on 142,432 individuals with DM enrolled in the Livongo for Diabetes program. First, participants' MH statuses were verified using prescription and medical and pharmacy claims data. Next, passive sensing signals were extracted from participant behavior in the program. Data sets were then assembled to create participant-period instances and descriptive analyses were conducted to understand the correlation between MH status and passive sensing signals. Passive sensing signals were then entered into the model to train and test its performance. The model was evaluated on seven measures: sensitivity, specificity, precision, area under the curve, F1 score, accuracy, and confusion matrix.
Results: In training and 3 subsequent test sets, the model achieved a confidence score of greater than 0.5 in all but three measures.

 RESULTS
 In training and 3 subsequent test sets, the model achieved a confidence score of greater than 0.5 in all but three measures.

 CONCLUSIONS
 Results demonstrate the utility of a passively informed MH risk algorithm and invite further exploration.


In unrelated donor allogeneic stem cell transplantation (URD‐SCT), most studies reported that peripheral blood stem cells (PBSC) resulted in higher incidence of acute and/or chronic graft‐versus‐host disease (GVHD) without survival benefits compared with bone marrow (BM). To overcome these shortcomings of PBSC, we have used a risk‐adapted GVHD prophylaxis for patients that received HLA‐matched URD‐SCT, which was adding low‐dose rabbit antithymocyte globulin (Thymoglobulin®, 1.25 mg/kg for 2 d) to conditioning in the transplants with PBSC and not BM.


Cooperation is ubiquitous on many levels of living systems and is crucial to their survival and development, many cases in human society prove that individuals often make different behavioral decisions in different interactions and adjust their behaviors adaptively in changing interactive scenes. However, understanding how such diverse decision affects cooperation between individuals has long being an important and challenge issue. This paper we purposed a powerful framework of interactive diversity in complex networks, which models user's different behavior among distinct opponents and adaptive change their strategies during the evolution of cooperation. Specifically, we assume that each individuals can interact with every single opponent, even in the large-scale reciprocal interactions. We have shown that regardless of population structures, behavior diversity can boost cooperation remarkably and for all pairwise games. Even a small fraction of individuals taking behavior diversity are enough to stabilize cooperation in a high level. From the perspective of network dynamics, different from most previous work, we propose a robust method based on the evolution of edges, which system evolves and individuals interact along edges. We conduct a series of extend experiments on six social networks for three pairwise games, we find that compared with individuals competing over nodes, behaviors diffusing along edges provides more advantages for the evolution of cooperation.


Discusses some of the techniques of database marketing, its effectiveness, and the business and social environment regarding direct database marketing. Notes that the process of gathering and using the right data effectively is of primary importance if the marketer is to succeed.


Coefficient inverse problems are reformulated to a unified integral differential equation. The presented method of conversion of the considered inverse problems to a unified Volterra integral-differential equation gives an opportunity to distribute the acquired results also to analogous inverse problems for non-linear parabolic equations of different types.


We characterize a sufficient and necessary condition which ensures that the generalized Hardy operator U ψ f( x )= \begin{document} $\int\limits_0^1 {} \cdots \int\limits_0^1 {} $ \end{document} f( x 1 t 1 ,…, x n t n )ψ( t 1 ,…, t n ) d t 1 … d t n is bounded on RMO( \begin{document} $\mathbb{R}$ \end{document} n ).The condition deeply depends on the nonnegative function ψ defined on [0,1]×…×[0,1].Furthermore, the corresponding operator norm is worked out.In addition, we also extend the results to the high-dimensional product space.


The research aims to determine the influencing factors of gratitude in individuals as human beings. This research uses the literature study method to look for aspects that influence gratitude in individuals, using a data accumulation scheme through Google Scholar and Science Direct to access journals and scientific papers. A literature search was carried out with the keywords "gratitude", "grateful", or "grateful" with a vulnerability of 2013–2023. Keywords are chosen because the theme is related to the topic and are vulnerable to the last 10 years to get relevant and up-to-date data. Based on the search, 2,350 articles were found with the type of research article, and only the 10 most relevant articles were selected. The results of previous research and literature studies explain that the factors of gratitude in individuals consist of self-acceptance, several aspects (knowledge, experience, social support, and spiritual conditions), a sense of appreciation, good intentions, and a tendency to act positively.


Abstract Max, a six-year-old German Shepherd, was the first military working dog of the Romanian Army who was buried with military honors. Max died in 2015, and the funeral procession was held in his memory, at the "Animals' Heaven" Cemetery for animal companions. In presenting his case, we have used as sources of information articles, materials that we carefully selected from the Romanian media and from the Internet (most of them with reference on Max's final year of life), as well as an interview conducted with Max's handler regarding the handler–military working dog relationship and the emotion management in the context of Max's death. Further, the current status and the future of military working dogs in Romania were discussed.


As qualitative researchers, we often wrestle with the intricacies of ontological and epistemological frameworks, the complexities of collection and analysis methods, and the difficulties associated with the dissemination cycle. Positing direct challenges to the paradigms underlying the practice of our craft is something we do rather rarely, but it is something we must do nonetheless in order to advance our field in a fundamental fashion. In this article, we argue for an expanded understanding of what constitute data, posit the need to shift away from examining the "found" world exclusively, and assert that researchers not only create their reality, but their data as well. We illustrate our point by presenting our arguments in alternatively rhyming iambic pentameter, which—as poetry is itself intrinsically a creative enterprise—reflexively positions both our text and ourselves as data to be examined, analyzed, and understood.


This work deals with studying the effect of reinforcing SiC particles on the mechanical and plastic properties of a metal matrix composite with a matrix of aluminum alloy AlMg6 (the 1560 aluminum alloy according to the Russian State Standard GOST 4784−97). We assess this effect using the results of mechanical tests at the microscale and macroscale levels. The paper analyzes the fracture mechanism at the microlevel under tensile and compressive stress conditions, as well as the type of contact between the composite constituents. The experimental results obtained for the metal matrix composite are compared with analogous experimental data for the AlMg6 alloy and a compacted material made from the AlMg6 alloy (a compacted powder without addition of SiC reinforcing particles). The studied compacted materials were not previously subjected to extrusion. The tests show a decisive influence of the reinforcing particles on the plastic and mechanical properties of the AlMg6/10% SiC metal matrix composite under compression and tension. For example, the addition of silicon carbide increased the initial yield stress of the compacted material by 26% under tensile tests, and the percentage elongation after fracture was increased up to 1.1%, while it amounted to 0.02% for the compacted material without addition of silicon carbide. Under compression, on the contrary, the addition of silicon carbide degraded plastic properties. As a result, the percentage compression before cracking was 28.4% and 57.9% for the compacted materials with and without addition of silicon carbide, respectively.


Influence maximization is an important issue in social network analysis. The classic greedy algorithm was proposed to give a near-optimal solution. However, the method relies on time-consuming Monte-Carlo simulations and is not scalable on large-scale networks. The community-based heuristic algorithms simplify the evaluation of influence spread and run faster than the greedy algorithm. However, these algorithms generally detect communities based on density of node connections without consideration of diffusion properties of nodes. In addition, they still need to evaluate influence spread with Monte-Carlo simulations. To improve the community-based influence maximization method, this paper first proposes a diffusion-aware network embed-ding model to capture the diffusion proximity between nodes and detects groups through network coarsening based on diffusion proximity. Based on the fact that nodes within a group have large diffusion proximity, a fast approximate calculation formula of influence spread is proposed by improving the two-stage diffusion model. Because the objective function is proved to be mono-tonic and submodular, the seed nodes can be selected by a greedy strategy. Experiment results show that the proposed algorithm is much more time efficient than classic greedy algorithm CELF with similar accuracy, and achieves better accuracy than corresponding community-based influence maximization algorithm with matching running time.


MUAC 3023 Rhythm & Meter in Music (4 Credits) Rhythm pertains to experienced or measured durations in music. Meter pertains to the cyclic organization of music's durations. A hegemonic view of meter emerged in music theory and related disciplines in the mid-20th century, one most appropriate to Western classical music and, to a lesser extent, Anglo-American popular music. This view holds that meter "in music" consists of (1) hierarchically arranged beats (2) whose durations are nominally equivalent and (3) whose onsets among coordinated musicians are nominally aligned. This course examines rhythm and meter by interrogating three components of the standard view of the topic. Looking at Western classical music, but also traditional and commercial music from Africa and the African diaspora, we will explore the nature of meter and rhythm in music where durations might not be arranged hierarchically, of equal length, or aligned.


Blackflies have been implicated over the years as the vector of onchocerciasis (River blindness). Ivermectin on the other hand has been the drug of choice for the treatment of onchocerciasis and to a great extent indirectly serving as systemic insecticide thereby breaking the transmission cycle of the disease. This study tried to evaluate the impact of ivermectin in Ezza Nkwubor and Umuhu communities of Enugu East and Isi Uzor LGAs of Enugu State, respectively. Epidemiological survey was carried out to check for the presence of microfilariae in skin snip samples collected from both left and right iliac crests of subjects living in the community. A total of 147 subjects were evaluated in the two communities. There was a significant difference p = 0.266 in the age distribution and also in the gender distribution p = 0.316. It was observed that the knowledge of ivermectin in the study areas was significantly different p = 0.012 and for those that have been skin snipped before there was also a statistically significant difference p = 0.000. More so, all samples subjected to microscopic analysis tested negative. It will be hasty to conclude that onchocerciasis has been eliminated from these communities. Further studies on the presence of the vector and their vectorial capacity could also assist in determining the actual status of onchocerciasis in the study areas. Keywords : Epidemiological survey, Onchocerciasis, Ivermectin, Microfilariae, Ezza Nkwubor and Umuhu communities, Enugu State, Nigeria


The detector system of the X-Ray Integral Field Unit (X-IFU), one of the two ATHENA focal plane instruments will be an ambitious step forward in the field of astronomical X-ray detection. We describe its baseline configuration, consisting of 3840 Transition Edge Sensors (TES) microcalorimeters with an energy resolution of 2.5 eV FWHM, spanning a 5 arcminute field-of-view and allowing an imaging resolution of 5 arcsec. The detectors are read out in 96 channels of 40 pixels each, using frequency domain multiplexing (FDM). Each channel contains a dual-stage SQUID pre-amplifier and a low-noise amplifier (LNA). In order to enhance the dynamic range of the SQUIDs a specific technique, baseband feedback (BBFB), is applied. The generation of the carrier and feedback signals, and the signal processing are done in the digital domain. We review the requirements for the main elements of this system, needed to ensure the high performance of the detector system. From the resolution requirements for the detectors follows a budget for contributions to the energy resolution on top of the intrinsic detector resolution. This budget forms the basis for the assessment of the dynamic range requirements for the SQUID and the LNA and the DACs and the ADC. Requirements are also derived for the levels of crosstalk and non-linearity in the readout chain.


OUR INTEREST in this subject was aroused by the death of a month old infant from the bulbar form of poliomyelitis in 1948. Clinical manifestations appeared at 2½ weeks of life after contact with an uncle acutely ill with poliomyelitis. Since that time we have observed 2 infants who had acute poliomyelitis in the newborn period, that is, in the first two weeks of life. We felt that a brief report of our experience with these 2 cases would be timely, as medical teaching generally has held that this disease does not occur in the newborn period because of immunity transmitted to the infant by the mother. A review of the literature on poliomyelitis in the newborn revealed reports of 10 cases. Of these cases, 4 were reported as instances of "intra-uterine poliomyelitis." The reports of 3 of these cases 1 were based on histories taken two, thirty-two and fifty


Recent planning reform in Ontario has focused on an interest in ecosystem based land‐use planning and management and will have significant impacts on the provincial Great Lakes shoreline management program. Since the high water levels on the Great Lakes during 1985/86, the Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources (OMNR) and local conservation authorities (CAs) have been developing provincial policy and management plans to reduce property damage from flooding and erosion that occurs during frequent high‐water‐level events. The program reflects the long‐standing interest in use of municipal land‐use zoning regulations to control shoreline development in areas prone to flooding and erosion. Provincial land‐use planning reform underway since 1991 will have important implications by requiring a greater focus on land‐use and environmental issues. Important lessons can be learned from the experience in Ontario with regard to coastal zone management in other regions where land‐use planning can be greater linked to e...


Water is a life sustaining element. While it is rather hard to imagine life without water; the times we live in are faced with the distressing and alarming reality of water scarcity& widespread pollution of water sources. Today's times are challenging & the widespread water woes, are therefore a concern of professionals from varied spheres of life be it hydrologists, engineers, architects & landscape architects. Water experts everywhere are advocating the process of water harvesting—capturing, diverting and storing non-potable, or "reclaimed" water for landscape, irrigation and a variety of other uses. In keeping with the concept of zero discharge, harvesting rainwater and storm water can greatly reduce the possibility of damage from flooding and erosion at building sites. Furthermore, the water available from water harvesting can be used effectively as a resource to create anaesthetic landscape and thermally comfortable spaces. The said concept has been demonstrated through a case study. The case study of M/s Escorts private ltd, Faridabad occupies an area of 27 acres & has a freshwater demand including that of office workers & floating population equal to82.5 cu metre/day. This demand can easily be met from the existing four tube wells at site. Further, the horticulture & landscape irrigation demand equals50 cu metre/day. At present,  the total demand of water is 132.5 cubic metre/day; of which 103.96 cu metre is being abstracted from the tube wells & the stage of ground water development as per ground water estimation committee, 2006 equals to127 % which is categorized as a black site area as per the NABARD norms.  It is rather alarming to note that the water level has already acquired a declining trend in the study area. The failure of water bodies is an obvious consequence but the loss of biodiversity though not that evident as of now is bound to have far reaching consequences. For, many plant species, either has been eradicated completely or is on the verge of eradication. This trend is not only creating implications for the biodiversity, but will eventually affect human health. For, the non-absorption of suspended particulate matter owing to the eventual extinction of plant species will lead to increased pollution in water. The present study thus is an attempt to provide remedial measures for the improvement of the stage of ground water development by virtue of providing the required planning and design of the hydro landscape. The proposed design of the hydro landscape will not only reduce the stage of ground water development from 127% to 75% but also provide guidance in terms planning criteria in an industrial sector like this to achieve zero discharge. This will further contribute to the adoption of a futuristic approach for cleaning of rivers in India in general & Yamuna River in particular. The present study "Planning & Design of Hydro–Landscape with special reference to zero discharge concept in Faridabad Region" will also be useful to planners, landscape architects, architects, engineers, scientists & other concerned administrators, bureaucrats working in this direction.


The invention discloses an environment-friendly slow release fertilizer, which consists of fertilizer core and film with which the fertilizer core is covered. The covering film is degradable polymer sulphur-contained compound film or compound film of degradable polymer film and degradable polymer sulphur-contained film. An average massfraction of sulphur in the covering film ranging from 50 to 98 percent is favorable and an average massfraction of 80 percent to 95 percent is optimal. The degradable polymer can be one or more among amino resin, unsaturated oleoresin, polyvinyl alcohol, polymer acetal resin, natural polymer, and derivatives. The slow release fertilizer covering film also has an organic film with high permeability resistance, which is suggested to be a non-polarity organic film. The average thickness of the covering film can range from 20 to 150Mum, and the thickness of the organic film can range from 0 to 30Mum. The environment-friendly slow release fertilizer has the advantages of longer release period, low cost, and no or few environmental pollutions.


Through cognizing the macroscopic background of constructing ecological garden city in the new period and reviewing the status and history of making out urban green land system,the technical route for planning urban green space system in the new period was put forward as that,it should pay the same importance to implementing as planning,outspreading the planning from 3 masterstrokes of inheriting,developing and protecting,etc.and the legality,policy and marketability contents of the planning should be classified for scientific planning and effective implementation.


Energy conservation is one of the most important issues in recent years. Energy conservation through improved control strategies has very high potential in the near future. One of such area is the HVAC system. Through the development of EMS algorithms by Honeywell Korea, HVAC system not only conserve energy, but also preserve the condition of the system equipments. These algorithms are composed of the night cycle algorithm, the night purge algorithm, the optimum start algorithm, the enthalpy control algorithm, the duty cycle algorithm and the optimum stop algorithm. The measured conditions of the indoor and outdoor air temperature and humidity, and the measured conditions of the system equipments, are used to control the HVAC system. In order to see the effectiveness of the EMS algorithms, the computer simulation uses the RACL simulator. The computer simulation is still in progress, with the results due out at a later date. Therefore, we will be discuss the EMS algorithms without the simulation results.


Following Piaget & Inhelder (1956), doubts have been raised about the worthwhileness of teaching map drawing skills to children before the age of 11. This paper discusses the issue of whether there is a progression in mapwork and reports on the effects of trying to teach eight- and nine-year-olds the skills needed to draw a map of the route from their school to church. The average quality of their maps did improve when compared with a control group, especially their representation of 'perspective', 'symbols' and amount of 'content', although concepts of 'scale' and 'spatial arrangement' proved more difficult to develop. Giving the children more experience of the route increased the 'content' on their maps, but did not improve mapping skills unless accompanied by teaching, which seemed crucial. Despite performing at a higher level at the beginning, the girls seem not to have responded to the teaching as positively as the boys. Although worthwhile, the benefits of short-term teaching were relatively modest ...


The need for adequate definitions for the severely handicapped as well as some of the problems involved in developing a suitable definition are discussed in this paper. Both practical and philosophical problems are considered. A tentative definition is proposed to generate further discussion.


The present invention relates to a pharmaceutical composition containing an extract of Cichorium intybus as an active ingredient for preventing or treating myoatrophy; a food composition containing an extract of Cichorium intybus for preventing or treating myoatrophy; and a use of an extract of Cichorium intybus for preventing, treating, or alleviating muscular damage. The pharmaceutical composition and food composition containing the extract of Cichorium intybus according to the present invention can be favorably used to prevent, alleviate, or treat myoatrophy by suppressing myocyte damage, necrosis, and apoptosis.


The article contains set of issues of preliminary military training and military education of Soviet people during the pre-war five-year plan of 1933-1941. Major attention is given to activity of voluntary defensive associations and party-oriented organizations on teaching military professions.


Hyperphosphatemia in chronic kidney disease (CKD) is associated with severe complications and increased morbidity and mortality. 95% of dialysis patients must use phosphate binders to its control. The poor tolerance and complications of these treatments, make difficult its compliance and effectiveness. This study compares the use of carbonate and / or calcium acetate tablets with an emulsion of calcium carbonate (CaC03) for the management of this hyperphosphatemia. In 98 patients, the tablets (1250 mg CaC03 = 500 mg elemental calcium or 1000 mg calcium acetate = 250 mg elemental calcium), were replaced for CaC03 emulsion (1 dose = 1 tablespoon = 500 mg elemental calcium). At baseline and after three months, laboratory assessments and a satisfaction survey were performed. The daily dose of chelating agents was similar (4.5 ± 3.7 tablets; 4.2 ± 2.7 tablespoons of emulsion); phosphatemia and calcium-phosphorus product were significantly lower during the period with emulsion (5.8 ± 1.6 mg / dI and 51.9 ± 15.6 with tablets, 5.5 ± 1.5 mg / dI and 49.6 ± 15.0 with emulsion, p = 0.003); calcemia was not significant different. 79% of patients preferred the emulsion. 39.8% of patients admitted failing to comply with treatment with tablets; the dropout rate with the emulsion was 18%. Thus, to chelate phosphorus, CaC03 emulsion was at least as effective as tablets; its better tolerance and acceptability make this formulation, an advantageous therapeutic option to consider.


Red tides are one of the main coastal catastrophic events of Guangdong Province, China. The comparison between the numbers of red tide events and the development indexes of cities along the coasts of the province shows that the regional differences in red tide outbreaks has a close relation to those in the coastal urban developments. The cause for an initiation of red tide blooms may be natural ones, but wastewater caused by the fast development of population, industry and aquiculture of the coastal cities enhanced the blooms. It may explain why the two periods of frequent outbreaks of the red tides from 1998 to 2000 matched the urban developments in the coastal areas of Guangdong not only spatially but also temporally. The red tides in the first period were restricted only on the coasts of middle Guangdong, where the urbanization were rapider than the other coastal areas of the province. In second period, fast increments in the development of the coastal cities in east Guangdong leaded to an increase in occurrence of red tides in the sea areas of the same coasts.


A new book, The Ecology and Silviculture of Oaks, is now available (Johnson and others 2002). The book focuses on the oaks of the United States and was written for forest and wildlife managers, ecologists, silviculturists, environmentalists, students of those fields, and others interested in sustaining oak forests for their many tangible and intangible values. Although the approach of the book is fundamentally silvicultural, it is based on the premise that effective and environmentally sound management and protection of oak forests and associated landscapes should be grounded in ecological understanding.


Purpose: Based on the research carried out by the author in 2007 and 2015, an increase in the effectiveness of delta hedging with the use of options on the WIG20 was found. The purpose of the study is to compare the results of the 2017–2018 delta hedging effectiveness studies with the results of previous studies, as well as to assess the changes in the effectiveness with an indication of possible causes. Design/methodology/approach: To compare the effectiveness of delta hedging, the estimated Value at Risk was used for unhedged and hedged portfolios in the analyzed periods. The results obtained on the basis of data from the years 2017–2018 were compared with the results for the data from 2007 and 2015. Findings: On the basis of the conducted research, the effectiveness of delta hedging using options on the Polish market can be generally stated, but the durability of the high effectiveness of delta hedging observed in 2015 cannot be stated. In the years 2017–2018, there was a decrease in the effectiveness of delta hedging associated with a significant decrease in liquidity on the option market. The research results highlight the importance of liquidity for the proper option pricing as well as for the possibility of risk reduction. Research limitations/implications: Some difficulty and limitation of the study were quite frequent lack of data regarding the options analyzed in the period 2017–2018. Originality/value: The value of the obtained results is increased by their uniqueness, as changes in the effectiveness of delta hedging on the Polish options market are not discussed in the literature by other authors.


Coherent Raman spectra of solutions have been studied with a stimulated Raman gain technique using a pump pulse with narrow bandwidth (3 GHz) and CW laser probe around 1 /spl mu/m. The spectra of benzene, toluene, CCl/sub 4/ and trehalose solute in water are presented and discussed in terahertz region.


To explore the effects of total polysaccharides of kuqin compound on immune function of immunosuppressive mice,the total polysaccharides were extracted form kuqin compound and a serice of immune-related tests were carried;the carbon clearance index,spleen index,thymus index,T,B lymphocyte transformation and the content of serum hemolysin were measured.The result showed that kuqin compound group and the total polysaccharides of kuqin compound group could increase the phagocytic index,spleen index,thymus index,lymphocyte transformation and the content of serum hemolysin in immunocompromised mice.Therefore,the total polysaccharides of kuqin compound could enhance the immunoregulation functions by regulating the function of immune system of organism.


Several studies find that bid-ask spreads for stocks listed on the NYSE are lower than for stocks listed on Nasdaq. However, the nature of trading on the NYSE, which comprises a specialist and a limit order book, complicates the comparison. In 2001, a structural change was implemented on the Italian Bourse. Many stocks that traded in an auction market switched to a specialist market, where the specialist controls the order book. Our results indicate that spreads tightened when stocks moved to the specialist market. This reduction in spreads is robust to market capitalization, industry affiliation and the event window around the structural change. Using a third market to control for market wide factors, we confirm the reduction in spreads. The specialists' ability to offer price improvement further lowers the cost of executing trades. Specialist market structures are more advantageous to market participants. ∗ Corresponding Author. Finance Discipline, School of Business, University of Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia. Tel: +61 2 9351 6451 Fax: +61 2 9351 6461 Email: email@example.com. The authors would like to thank Achille Basile, Marco Pagano, Luke Bortoli and Teddy Oetomo for useful comments.


Mediterranean bottom trawling is generally characterised by a highly diversified mixed catch, composed of fish, cephalopods,crustaceans, and other megabenthic invertebrates. Although management of Mediterranean trawling requires a multispecies approach on a community basis, this does not seem to be the case in the relevant literature. Herein, we present an extensive review ofthe existing knowledge on megabenthic invertebrate communities, focusing on the trawlable bottoms. A total of 207 publicationsfrom 1930 to the early 2021 was collected and classified into seven research areas. Research effort on soft bottom megabenthicinvertebrates of trawlable grounds was higher for the Western Mediterranean and the depth zone of 50-200 m. Overall, 1,797 taxawere reported belonging to different taxonomic groups, the most diverse of which were Mollusca, Crustacea, Polychaeta, andPorifera. Among the reported taxa, 43 species are alien to the Mediterranean Sea, and 42 are included in the lists of threatened/ endangered and protected species under the Barcelona and Bern Conventions. The Western Mediterranean and the Aegean Sea werethe ecoregions with the highest number of megabenthic invertebrate species reported from trawlable grounds. All Mediterraneanecoregions were grouped according to their megabenthic fauna at a similarity level of 27%. The present work compiles the knownscattered information, highlights knowledge gaps, and underlines the need for time series data on the megabenthic communitiesof the Mediterranean fishing grounds.


The endocrine pancreas of two anuran amphibians, the toad (Bufo orientalis) and the frog (Rana temporaria), were studied by means of histological and immunocytochemical techniques. In both species studied four endocrine cell types were identified viz. insulin (B), glucagon (A), somatostatin (D) and pancreatic polypeptide (PP) cells. T hese endocrine cells occupied 2.9 'X, in the toad and 3.3 'X, in frog of the total volume of the pancreas. The volume occupied by B, A, D and PP cells in the toad was 31, 31, 7 and 31 'X, of the total volume of the endocrine tissue, respectively. The corresponding figures in the frog were 30, 30, 9 and 30 %. There was no difference in the topographic distribution of these cells in both species under study. Double immunostaining by peroxidase-antiperoxidase (PAP) technique, simultaneous demonstration of two hormones using PAP and indirect imrnunofiuorescence techniques and staining of consecutive sections showed that three glucagon/PP cell types occur in the pancreas of the toad and the frog. The first cell type showed glucagon immunoreactivity, the second exhibited PP immunoreactivity and the third disclosed both glucagon and PP immunoreactivity.


In today's rapidly advancing world, research in agriculture is rapidly shifting towards mathematical modeling using soft computing techniques. Modeling techniques applied in agriculture can provide valuable insights into research priorities and the fundamental interactions of the entire soil-plant-atmosphere system. By using a model to estimate the significance and impact of specific parameters, a researcher can identify the most influential factors, leading to more informed decisions.
The primary objective of this paper is to present a decision-making tool constructed with a fuzzy logic model, designed to enhance precision and reduce ambiguity in crop selection based on available soil nutrients for better crop yields. The model is applied to five samples selected from different land areas, providing a robust and representative data set. The proposed fuzzy logic model provides a powerful tool for addressing the challenge of crop selection under conditions of uncertain and incomplete information, enabling agricultural experts to make informed decisions and optimize yields.


ABSTRACT In the aftermath of the Second World War, thousands of Jewish DPs reached Italy on their way to Palestine or other countries and received assistance by UNRRA and other organizations. Many joined the hachsharot that were established all over the country between 1945 and 1948. This article analyses the differences between UNRRA and the Joint in providing relief and rehabilitation to the DPs and the role of hachsharot, discussing to what extent they provided better opportunities for rehabilitation compared to DP camps.


This paper aims to determine the perception of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) employees regarding the usage of cloud computing services in their activities. The quantitative study was conducted on a sample of 315 respondents employed in Romanian SMEs. Testing of the conceptual model was performed with the WarpPLS 3.0 software. The study aimed to test how several constructs—the perceived benefits, disadvantages and risks, communication process, overall experience of using cloud computing services, perceived image, and empathy regarding the cloud computing services—influence the perception of the cloud computing service quality among SMEs employees. Moreover, employees' perception regarding the satisfaction of using cloud computing services based on the perceived quality was also tested. We concluded that the perceived benefits and disadvantages of cloud computing service usage, the perception of both the communication process and users' experience regarding cloud computing service use, empathy, and cloud computing service image positively influence the perceived quality of the cloud computing service usage in SMEs. We did not find evidence that the perceived risks significantly influence the perceived quality of cloud computing services. Finally, we demonstrated that the perceived quality of the cloud computing services positively influences the satisfaction regarding cloud computing services among SMEs employees.


Phylogenetic relationships within Dinosauria have been recently called into question, including shifts among major taxonomic groups such as Ornithischia. As phylogenetic hypotheses change, so do hypotheses of morphological character evolution. Ornithischian dinosaurs exhibit a wide variety of cranial morphologies. They range from generalized ancestral morphologies, to derived and varied skull shapes with frills, thickened domes, or complex dental batteries associated with complex jaw joints. Here, I describe the evolution of cranial morphology within Ornithischia using an updated phylogenetic analysis and ancestral character state reconstruction methods to map changes in cranial characters through time. With an updated phylogenetic analysis of Ornithischia, I used both parsimony and maximum likelihood methods for ancestral state reconstructions to determine the changes in cranial characters. The ancestral reconstructions also allowed for a broader view of cranial morphological change through time. These estimates demonstrated that basal ornithischians, including those at the base of major clades (e.g. Thyreophora, Ornithopoda), maintained skull morphologies not unlike other basal dinosaurs outside of Ornithischia. The thyreophoran and neornithischian skulls show similar changes in cranial character evolution: relative reduction of the quadratojugal, general lengthening of the preorbital skull, including modifications to the premaxilla and nasal, an initial reduction in the size, placement, and shape of the antorbital fenestra, and incorporation of the palpebral in the supraorbital margin. While slight changes in the postorbital skull of thyreophorans were noted, the morphology within Neornithischia was markedly different. In addition to well‐known modifications of the parietal and squamosal in marginocephalians, other noted changes include movement of cranial foramina in the occipital and basal regions of the skull. This is in contrast to most ornithopods, whose skull bases and occipital regions vary relatively little from basal neornithischians. Derived ornithopods (e.g., hadrosaurs) demonstrate elaborate preorbital modifications, particularly involving the premaxilla and nasal. The dentition and mandible demonstrate modifications throughout the ornithischian tree. However, dramatic changes are noted among derived ornithopods with the development of massive dental batteries and laterally offset, handle‐shaped coronoid processes. This occurs to a lesser degree in ceratopsians as well. These changes in cranial morphology, while present in all ornithischian clades, varies in terms of rates of change. Within Thyreophora, a group that persisted for nearly 150 million years, the general changes within the skull and mandible are relatively small when compared to ornithopods. Ceratopsians and ornithopods demonstrate the most dramatic changes in overall cranial morphology, but ornithopods show the most remarkable alterations in mandibular anatomy through time. With these results, the analysis presented here may be used to develop new hypotheses for the selective pressures behind the varied evolution of the ornithischian skull.


Considering Verlinde's entropic gravity proposal, we focus the effects of fermionic q deformation on Einstein field equations and Friedmann equations. For this purpose, we represent the high temperature thermodynamical properties of the deformed fermion gas model in two-dimensional space. To describe the behavior of the quantum black holes, deformed Einstein field equations derive with the help of deformed entropy function. Moreover, deformed Friedmann equations investigate by using Friedmann-Robertson-Walker (FRW) metric. We also present the effective energy density, the effective pressure, and the effective equation of state for the dark energy. Lastly, we derive an analytical expression of the effective density parameter of dark energy.


John Fletcher's letter ( VR , February 21, 2009, vol 164, p 249) echoes our sentiments about reindeer being kept by inexperienced people.

Our practice has over 50 years' experience of attending free-ranging and enclosed reindeer. Our observations over these years have led us to the conclusion


The input to the power system stabilizer (PSS) consists of two signals, local signal and global signal respectively, which forms two-level PSS control. Local signal is local generator rotor speed while two global signals are suggested as the tie-line active power and inter-area speed difference signals. The phasor of global feedback is stable. Global measurement signal is selected according to participation factor and residue of transfer function and PSS is configured by mode analysis. Simulations on two-area four-machine power system demonstrate the advantage of two-level PSS control in enhancing power angle stability and transfer capability.


A scaffold had recently been placed before the north transept portal of Notre-Dame de Paris. This is so that it can closely studied for an ongoing project undertaken by researchers at the University of Bamberg (entitled Mittelalterliche Portale als Orte der Transformation). The fellows at the Deutsches Forum fur Kunstgeschichte working on the project 'The Middle Ages and its Image' were invited onto the scaffold so that we could inspect the images at close-hand. And so we did, on the eighth o...


This paper describes the results of a collaboration between the University of Queensland, the Australian National University and the National Library of Australia which has developed and deployed an automatic obsolescence detection and notification service (AONS) for digital collections. AONS can be configured to run over different types of collections of digital objects—either institutional repositories (DSpace or Fedora) or Web archives such as the National Library's PANDORA ('Preserving and Accessing Networked DOcumentary Resources of Australia') Archive. This work represents a real-world implementation of the obsolescence detection and notification service originally developed within the University of Queensland's PANIC Project. PANIC (Preservation and Archival of New media and Interactive Collections) was a prototype system based on a semantic Web services architecture which was designed to semi-automate the preservation of digital collections. This paper describes how AONS can be configured to automatically monitor collections for format obsolescence and streamline the subsequent migration of 'at risk' digital objects to current recommended formats, enabling their long-term preservation and accessibility.


This report evaluates the appropriateness of polyimide film (Kapton) insulated wire applications in nuclear power plants, especially under accident conditions. Concerns regarding this type of wire have been raised by problems on military aircraft in which insulation failures resulted from cracking of the insulation and arc propagation following arc tracking flashover. The report lists the concerns that have arisen and addresses them with respect to nuclear power plant applications. The use of the insulation on wires in the nuclear and non-nuclear applications is discussed along with the differences in installation and handling practices. Available laboratory and field information on the performance of aged Kapton insulated wire is compiled and analyzed. The effects of bending strain, chemical attack, radiation, and abusive handling are addressed. Guidance is provided for measures that will assure proper functioning of polyimide insulations under nuclear plant conditions, and recommendations are made for areas in which more information is desirable. 64 refs., 17 figs., 7 tabs.


Under the Italian Fascist regime, rationalist colonie (summer camps) promised to improve Italian children's health through visibly structured mass playtime. At the same time, photographic representations of the c olonie were disseminated as propaganda. In this chapter, first, I investigate the history of summer camps in Italy. Next, I examine the construction and use of three sites heralded as model colonie by the regime: Montecatini, Snia, and Nave. Then, I move from the topic of colonie design to that of colonie representations in the regime propaganda to understand how the Fascist party wrote narratives of healthy living around these architectural sites. To conclude, I return to the salvage of the bones of the camps as Urbanex sites.


Frog is one of the well-known works of Mo Yan who won the 8 Mao Dun Literary Prize, which is full of social dialect. A suitable translation of social dialect is conducive to the appreciation of this novel by western readers. This paper aims to analyze the translation of social dialect in Mo Yan's novel Frog from the perspective prominence dimension of Construal theory in order to prove that prominence dimension of Construal theory is feasible for the translation of social dialect. According to prominence, different people have different construal ways for the same object owing to the different prominent habit, but the content is still the same. With the suitable prominence as the guidance, translator can construe well the social dialect and offer the target readers a remarkable translation version through the application of suitable translation methods, such as literal translation, liberal translation, transliteration, and so on.


In patients with haemophilia A who develop high-titre inhibitors, immune tolerance induction (ITI), or infusion of high doses of factor VIII (FVIII) concentrate daily, is the standard of care with the goal of inhibitor eradication. It has become common for patients who fail initial ITI with a recombinant factor product, or who have poor prognostic indicators for response to ITI, to be treated with a plasma-derived product containing von Willebrand factor (VWF) [1]. Haemophilia patients with high-titre inhibitors may also receive recombinant factor VIIa (rVIIa) or activated prothrombin complex concentrate products (aPCC) prophylactically or on demand for bleeding [2–5]. Although it is known that the use of rVIIa and aPCC's increases the risk of thromboembolism [6,7], it remains unknown how the use of high doses of FVIII/ VWF concentrates contributes to thromboembolic events. We report two cases of pulmonary emboli (PE) which developed in haemophilia A patients with hightitre inhibitors after receiving bypassing agents and high-dose ITI with FVIII/VWF concentrates and review the salient literature. Patient no. 1 was diagnosed with severe haemophilia A at 4 months of age and developed a high-titre inhibitor at 10 months. His initial FVIII inhibitor titre was 23.6 BU (maximum titre 1440 BU). After developing a subdural haematoma (SDH) at the age of 10 months, the patient was started on prophylactic aPCC 75 units kg 1 two times a week. After the development of a second SDH, his prophylaxis was changed to rVIIa 270 lg kg 1 q12 h. ITI was initiated with plasma-derived FVIII/VWF concentrate at 200 units kg 1 day 1 due to persistent elevated inhibitor titres over 12 months since diagnosis. Initial inhibitor titre when started on ITI was 86 BU. His total daily dosage of FVIII/VWF concentrate was 3000– 4800 units. He continued rVIIa prophylaxis for 2 years following the initiation of ITI, but was changed to aPCC 75 units kg 1 day 1 initially 3 days per week then daily due to breakthrough bleeds. He received 11 doses of anti-CD 20 antibody over 12 months, decreasing his inhibitor titre to a low of 0.75 BU. His treatment course was complicated by 20 hospitalizations for infections, bleeds and central line malfunctions. In the 8 months prior to his PE, patient no. 1 had eight emergency department (ED) visits, of which five were due to respiratory complaints. All documented hypoxia and four of these visits had radiographic evidence of lung infiltrates leading to the diagnosis of pneumonia and admission. During each hospitalization, he was placed on oxygen and weaned quickly over 24–48 h. He was afebrile throughout his hospitalizations and treated with antibiotics each time. All blood cultures drawn were negative. One ED visit and hospitalization was for a faulty central line. During this admission, he was scheduled for replacement of his central line, but this was cancelled due to hypoxia in the operating room. At 5 years of age, he presented to the ED with dyspnoea and haemoptysis. Chest X-ray showed significant cardiomegaly. He was admitted for work up of possible congestive heart failure. He continued to have haemoptysis even with intermittent doses of rVIIa. His respiratory status declined, requiring intubation. Computed tomography of the chest revealed occlusive thrombus in the left main pulmonary artery and infiltrates in the right upper and lower lobes (Fig. 1). He received catheter-directed tissue plasminogen activator injection into the left pulmonary artery thrombus, which had no effect on the thrombus occlusion but worsened pulmonary bleeding, which was controlled with bolus dose rVIIa. He was also started on continuous FVIII/VWF infusion. During his hospitalization, his FVIII levels ranged from <1–31%. His VWF antigen was measured on hospital day 6 at >400%. His continuous FVIII infusion was changed to a product that did not contain VWF. Twenty-four hours after this change, his VWF antigen level decreased to 190%. Plasmapheresis was performed five times leading to temporary improvement of his inhibitor and FVIII levels, but within 24 h the inhibitor titre increased. The patient was also given anti-CD20 antibody twice on hospital days 13 and 14, but his inhibitor titre remained elevated at 592 BU. On hospital day 17, the patient experienced cardiac arrest and expired. Correspondence: Michael Silvey, Children's Mercy Hospital, 2401 Gillham Rd., Kansas City, MO 64108, USA. Tel.:+816-302-6808; fax: +816-302-9894; e-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com


Purpose: the main objective of this article is to understand the need to formulate and then apply a single approach to strategic planning for industrial development of regions, which allows more rationally approaching strategic development planning, as separate regions and territories of the Russian Federation, and individual industries, taking into account their level of modern economic and social development, as well as their provision with various types of resources. To achieve this goal in the article it is necessary to solve the following tasks: to identify the features of management of industrial complexes in the region, to analyze the dynamics and unevenness of industrial development in key regions of Russia, to substantiate the objective necessity of targeted formation of recommendations on their industrial development. Methods: this article is written using a systematic, functional, comparative, structural, interdisciplinary approach, as well as macro and microeconomic analysis tools applied to the development of the regional industrial sector of the economy. Results: the article forms the idea of the expediency of applying a synthetic approach to the classification of Russian regions, which makes it possible to group the regions on the basis of quantitative indicators of social and economic development and qualitative indicators of institutional development, as well as long-term development factors of the region under consideration, taking into account the structure of the dominant industries. The presented dynamics of the development of the regions shows the unevenness of their functioning, which in turn justifies the necessity of applying a differentiated approach in the process of strategic planning for the development of the regional industries. Conclusions and Relevance: the materials outlined in the article show the multifaceted nature of the process of managing the development of the regional industry, which consists in the need to take into account the different, sometimes multidirectional tendencies and interests of participants in the economic process at all levels of management, and the lack of a unified approach to strategic planning. Within the framework of a unified approach to strategic planning for the development of the regional industries, an important element is the spread of the practice of applying the synthetic classification of regions. The application of a single approach to the classification of regions contributes to a more competent formation of industrial policies of individual regions of the country and territories of Russia, and also creates opportunities for targeted planning, including the activation of activities of individual industries and industrial enterprises.


We study a version of the Nash demand game, in which each player demands a portion of the pie of size 1 simultaneously and receives a share proportional to his demand if such an allocation is feasible or receives zero otherwise. The main purpose of this paper is to show how an equal split emerges as a convention in a bargaining situation, and explain why it has survival value. In this paper, the equal split in the Nash demand game emerges in the long run through imitation and mistakes.