In this work, we study the problem of efficient resource selection in real-time distributed systems. Specifically, we study how a client in the presence of measurement uncertainty can rapidly select a resource (target) that exhibits good network connectivity. The problem has many applications, including peer selection in P2P systems, server/gateway selection in IP telephony, and overlay routing. A probing-based search strategy is complicated by the potentially large number of targets and the inherent uncertainty in measurement results due to, for instance, small measurement sample sizes and other forms of "noise." We parameterize the problem based on the number of available targets, the number of "good" targets, and various network characteristics. We introduce a framework called spatial slow start (SSS) for searching the target space. SSS can be considered as a parameterized tree search with an interesting twist: apart from the target search space, the rate of probing per target is also manipulated at each step. A detailed simulation study provides insight on what SSS choices are significant under different network conditions. The simulation study also establishes that previously proposed techniques, namely, a random selection (RAND) algorithm that does not do any probing, and a "quick probe and select the best" (QPS) technique work well, but only in some situations. Based on these insights, we present an adaptive SSS algorithm that not only guides the search process according to its measurements of various system parameters, but also changes its search parameters in response to the quality of the measurements themselves. This new adaptive SSS algorithm performs as well as RAND and QPS in situations where RAND and QPS are efficient, and outperforms them in other cases.


Summary Objective: Multi-disciplinary and multi-site biomedical research programs frequently require infrastructures capable of enabling the collection, management, analysis, and dissemination of heterogeneous, multi-dimensional, and distributed data and knowledge collections spanning organizational boundaries. We report on the design and initial deployment of an extensible biomedical informatics platform that is intended to address such requirements. Methods: A common approach to distributed data, information, and knowledge management needs in the healthcare and life science settings is the deployment and use of a service-oriented a>rchitecture (SOA). Such SOA technologies provide for strongly-typed, semantically annotated, and stateful data and analytical services that can be combined into data and knowledge integration and analysis "pipelines." Using this overall design pattern, we have implemented and evaluated an extensible SOA platform for clinical and translational science applications known as the Translational Research Informatics and Data-management grid (TRIAD). TRIAD is a derivative and extension of the caGrid middleware and has an emphasis on supporting agile "working interoperability" between data, information, and knowledge resources. Results: Based upon initial verification and validation studies conducted in the context of a collection of driving clinical and translational research problems, we have been able to demonstrate that TRIAD achieves agile "working interoperability" between distributed data and knowledge sources. Conclusion: Informed by our initial verification and validation studies, we believe TRIAD provides an example instance of a lightweight and readily adoptable approach to the use of SOA technologies in the clinical and translational research setting. Furthermore, our initial use cases illustrate the importance and efficacy of enabling "working interoperability" in heterogeneous biomedical environments.


A generalized flowchart, designed to aid the new or occasional user of an on-line interactive bibliographic search system, is presented. It is intended to answer the question: "What do I do now?"


Hazard and operability analysis about the manual mistake operation in chemical processes,the computer aided HAZOP analysis technology based on analytic hierarchy process(AHP)and the explosion cases analysis program in chemical processes were discussed.Potential hazards were systematically analyzed from five aspects:material,equipment,process,human factor and environment.All potential process hazards could be found and their probabilities calculated,and all abnormal situations could be arranged in the order of probability.The technology could ensure complete and sound analysis and enhance the pertinence and operability of the safeguard measures.The causes of explosion accidents were classified into 5 categories,46 kinds.The analysis of nitrobenzene prefractionator was taken as an example to explain real application of prevention and control of mistaken operations and the explosion accidents analysis technology in chemical processes.The analysis result indicated that using the technology and adopting the prevention and control measures recommended could effectively prevent the explosion accidents.


Industrial experiments of 20CrMoH steel,a typical gear steel,were carried out with new processes and new slags.Total oxygen content of steel was analyzed,as well as the formation mechanism of the calcium aluminates of very low molting point in the molten steel.From the results,several conclusions can be drawn.First,total oxygen content is decreased sharply during tapping after aluminum addition,and SiO2 in slag is the main oxygen source when(FeO%+MnO%) is lower than 0.005.Second,with the use of CaO-Al2O3-MgO refining slag of(CaO%) 55-60,(Al2O3%) 35-40,(MgO%)≤6,super-clean molten steel can be produced with total oxygen content of 10-5.And further,the transformation of the calcium aluminates inclusions in secondary refining is similar to the transformation during calcium treatment.Finally,the transformation of aluminates in the molten steel to low melting point calcium aluminates can be achieved when the CaO/Al2O3 ratio of the slag is controlled between 1.50-1.65,as for calcium treatment,and Ca-treatment can be eliminated after RH.


With the continuous development of medicine, we gradually realize that the influence of various characteristic indicators of people on Alzheimer's disease (AD) is irreversible, so it is necessary to establish an early prediction model of Alzheimer's disease to diagnose and regulate. Through the analysis of various data indicators affecting AD, it is concluded that ADAS13, AFQ, MMSE, etc. are important indicators affecting the diagnosis results of doctors. Based on this, they are normalized after correlation analysis, and establish an early diagnosis model of Alzheimer's disease. The multiple linear regression method is used to solve the optimal evaluation results, and the accuracy of AD can reach 83%, and the model has a good effect.


This paper presents the experiences developed by museums in the contemporary setting to analyze the transformations in this field. It thus briefly brings forth possibilities to break away from the prevailing model of exposing the past as a linear narrative or even of reliving it by means of enactments.


Adhesion to hydroxyapatite (which is the structural prototype of bone or tooth mineral) is a first step towards the efficacious application of restorative composites and bone cements to teeth and bones. The key medium to effect chemical adhesion between the mineralized substrate and a composite resin is a coupling agent. On the basis of many adsorption studies, primarily by the author, which are reviewed in this paper, it is proposed that a potential coupling agent suitable for dental adhesion can develop strong and durable bonds with a substrate through its hydrogen-bonding functional groups. The coupling agents must also be polyfunctional or possess some hydrophobic moieties to be hydrolytically stable. The criterion defining the capability for adhesion of a compound to hydroxyapatite is determined through a study of its adsorption characteristics from a particular solvent. The stability of this bond in aqueous environments may be determined by desorbing the adsorbed compound with water. The surface ori...


This paper deals with the validation and modification of the German questionnaire "F-Komp". In its original version, it was intended to measure university students' research competences. In the beginning of this study, there were only a few tools available which were reliable. For the purposes of this study, they were not suitable. At the same time, there was no validated version of the F-Komp available, which made the whole validation process for further usage necessary. This questionnaire is based on a structure, which consist of different skills and knowledge and is focused on measuring research competence in general. The validation and modification of the F-Komp is therefore the aim of our contribution as well as a revised version of the questionnaire. We proceeded an explorative factor and a reliability analysis to do a general evaluation of the tool. Some modifications were done in the questionnaire to make it more suitable to the requirements of technical oriented universities of applied sciences [5]. Our revised version is slightly longer and contains several items to gather data about the participants demographics. The modified questionnaire is based on a more appropriate factor structure. This structure is more practically oriented and pays attention to ethical issues. In future cases, this questionnaire will be used in research oriented courses to measure students' progress in acquiring the knowledge and methods which are necessary to perform as a scientist in different research areas.


The communications and business negotiations between enterprises from different countries are becoming more and more,in which interpreters play an important role.At present many researches concerning interpretation strategies are about the advantages or disadvantages.Few theoretical and systematical statements are given to the choice of "literal" and "free" strategies in the interpretation for foreign business negotiations.In the interpretation for foreign business negotiation,interpreters sometimes will interpret unfaithfully on purpose,which can be explained by the "skopos theory" of the functionalist theory of translation.


Survey of the sources of ammonia emission in cattle farming and of the possibilities to reduce the emission from pastures, stables (loose houses, tie-up houses, deep litter houses), manure depots, and from manure spreading on the land. Also figures for methane emission from deep litter houses are presented


Recently, much attention is paid to the network security including information leak through a network. As one of the important technologies about network security, there is an access control for network services. There are some methods of access control: the access control by packet filtering mechanism on the network server side, the access control by the communication control mechanism on the network such as VPN, and the access control by the packet filtering mechanism on the client computer server side such as a personal firewall of a quarantine network. In this paper, a new access control is proposed. This new access control is realized by combing the access control on the network server side with that on the client computer side. Then, the access control is realized by DACS Scheme as a network management scheme we have been proposed.


The cast iron dryer in paper machine can generate conden- sate during the production.Condensate within the dryer will move with the rotation of the cylinder body and the law of condensate motion is relevant to the condensate quantity and the velocity of dryer rotation, thus the study on the law of condensate motion can serve as reference for the selection of drainage system.With several work conditions of different rotation speed as examples,fluid engineering simulation com- puting technology is used to show that the computer simulation of fluid motion is feasible and can be expanded to the simulation of the overall process of the three-dimensional condensate motion.


This paper deals with the application of BMW Group energystrategy communication in order to build excellent BMWcorporate image worldwide with the purpose of analyzing thecurrent situation regarding this topic on the Croatian car marketas well as analyzing the possible influence of BMW environmentprotection care and energy strategy on BMW corporateimage in the Republic of Croatia.To ensure sufficient supply of energy in order to meet the futureneeds, the BMW's chosen priorities worldwide are to promoteefficient use of today's available energy sources and to developinnovative solutions for the future. The company usesthese elements in building the desirable BMW corporate image.On the basis of the conducted surve, it was more than obviousthat these activities still do not play a large role in building agood BMW corporate image among BMW customers in Croatia.Obviously, there is great possibility for the BMW Group toimprove its corporate image in Croatia and on the similar marketsboth with the application of intensive environmental careand the energy strategy communication.


A carbon paste electrode modified whit silica nano particles and nano tubes was prepared and used for determination Imidacloparid(IMP).The study was carried out by using cyclic voltammetry (CV) 'differential pulse voltammtry (DPV) techniques. Electrocatalytic oxidation of Imidacloprid at the surface of silica nano particles and nano tubes modified carbon paste electrode was thoroughly investigated in methanol solution with various PHs for 5-9 linear calibration curves are obtained in the range 10-200 μm with a detection limit 4μm determination in real samples has vary good accuracy and precision.


Aim:To explore the central mechanism of balancing acupuncture by using resting-state functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging(fMRI) with functional connection.Methods: Ten healthy volunteers participated in the experiment.fMRI images were obtained before and 10 minutes after balancing acupuncture.Results: Bilateral middle temporal gyrus,Supraorbital gyrus,head of caudate nucleus,Insula,left dorsal thalamus,Bilateral superior frontal gyrus,left middle frontal gyrus,anterior cingulate gyrus,right inferior parietal lobule enhance their connection with amygdala after balancing acupuncture.Conclusion:Temporal lobes,frontal lobes,basal ganglion,cingulate gyrus,enhance their connection with amygdala after balancing acupuncture,these brain regions associated with analgesic function.


Next-generation sequencing (NGS) techniques allow high-throughput detection of a vast amount of variations in a cost-efficient manner. However, there still are inconsistencies and debates about how to process and analyse this ' big data ' . To accurately extract clinically relevant information from genomics data, choosing appropriate tools, knowing how to best utilize them and interpreting the results correctly is crucial. This chapter reviews state-of-the-art bioinformatics approaches in clinically relevant genomic variant detection. Best practices of reads-to-variant discovery workflows for germline and somatic short genomic variants are presented along with the most commonly utilized tools for each step. Additionally, methods for detecting structural variations are overviewed. Finally, approaches and current guidelines for clinical interpretation of genomic variants are discussed. As emphasized in this chapter, data processing and variant discovery steps are relatively well-understood. The differences in prioritization algorithms on the other hand can be perplexing, thus creating a bottleneck during interpretation. This review aims to shed light on the pros and cons of these differences to help experts give more informed decisions.


The disturbance of lipid metabolism has been regarded as one of the important factor in the etiology of atherosclerosis. It is thought that the ability to remove rapidly the absorbed fat from the blood stream is important to prevent the development of atherosclerosis. From this point of view, following observations were carried out. Method The subjects of observation were divided into three groups. Group I consisted of 10 young and healthy persons, group II of 18 aged patients with atherosclerotic diseases and group III of 6 old and clinically normal persons. To these subjects 100 gm of raw oream which contained 25% of fat was orally given early morning after overnight fasting. Then the blood samples were taken immediately before and 30 min., 1, 2, 4, 6, 8 hours after fat intake. Plasma separated from these samples were supplied to determine the optical density and the endogenous lipolytic activity. In each samples, the optical density (O.D.) was measured by the electro-spectrophotometer and the endogenous lipolytic activity (E.L.A.) was determined by the difference of content of nonesterified fatty acid (NEFA) prior to and after the incubation of each plasma at 37°C for 60 min.. NEFA content in plasma were measured by the Dole's method and indicated by rEq/ 1. Sometimes, NEFA content in plasma were observed to decrease and in such cases the E.L.A. were indicated by minus values. Result 1) Variations of O.D. in plasma following the oral fat loading The O.D. value of all cases in each group were increased following the oral fat intake and then gradually decreased after reaching to its maximal value. The differences of maximal value of O.D. among three group were not significant. It was observed, on the other hand, that O.D. was delayed in group II to reach its peak and also to recover from its peak compared with the other groups. 2) Variations of NEFA in plasma following the oral fat loading. NEFA content in plasma was gradually increased after the administration of fat in each group, but the obvious differences were not found in the degree of increase among three group. 3) Variations of E.L.A. in plasma following the oral fat loading. A certain degree of E.L.A. was occasionally demonstrated even before the fat intake in each group and mean value of them were 166, 57 and 100 respectively, but there were no significant differences among three group, because its variations were considerably wide. On the other hand, differences of E.L.A. patterns among three groups were very significant. Most cases of group I revealed their E.L.A. increased at the time from 30 min. to two hours after the fat intake and then gradually decreased, but not the minus values. On the contrary, there was few cases in group II, which showed a initial elevation of E.L.A. and many cases of this group indicated the remarkable depression of their activity and frequently showed the minus values of them. E.L.A. pattern in group III showed the mid-type of the other two groups. From these results it is demonstrated that E.L.A. in atherosclerotic patients hardly increase after oral fat intake, then markedly depress and is apt to show minus value compared with control groups. 4) Correlation between the pattern in O.D. and E.L.A. The pattern in O.D. were divided into two types, that is, normal type and delayed type. The former showed its peak within 4 hours after fat intake and the latter showed its peak later than 6 hours after fat intake. Most cases in group I showed normal type in O.D. and plus activity in E.L.A. 4 hours after fat intake. However, in group II, most cases showed delayed type in O.D. and minus activity in E.L.A. 4 hours after fat intake. The pattern in O.D. were also divided into normal and delayed type by the degree of recovery from its peak in two hours. In normal type the O.D. [the rest omitted]


Abstract This paper examined the associations between satisfaction, commitment and repurchase intention of branded products from the perspective of customers in the Gauteng Province of South Africa. The study employed the Social exchange theory as its theoretical underpinning. Data was collected through purposive and convenient sampling techniques of 268 users of branded products from the Province. Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) statistical technique with Smart PLS version 3.0 was used to analyse the data. The results identified normative commitment as an important driver of satisfaction. It was also observed that, calculative commitment had a greater influence on customer repurchase intention. The results have implications for relationship managers, brand managers and scholars who use service evaluation and interactive commitment as a multidimensional construct in predicting customer repurchase intention.


Argonaute proteins, which are found in almost all eukaryotes and in many prokaryotes, use small nucleic acid guides for the recognition and cleavage of complementary nucleic acids. While the role of eukaryotic Argonautes in RNA interference is well understood, the functions of prokaryotic Argonautes remain largely unknown. It was
proposed that they may provide defense against invading nucleic acids, preferably acting on DNA targets. In this work, we studied the SynAgo protein from the cyanobacterium Synechococcus elongatus. We expressed affinity-tagged SynAgo in S. elongatus, purified the protein, and sequenced and mapped associated nucleic acids. We showed that SynAgo is bound with ~18 nt small DNAs coming from all genomic regions with no obvious gene specificity. Mass-spectrometry of copurified proteins from S. elongatus also revealed several possible protein partners of SynAgo. Biochemical analysis demonstrated that SynAgo is an active nuclease that can cleave both target DNA and RNA with varying efficiency, depending on the reaction conditions and the presence of mismatches between the guide and target strands. Finally, we introduced the SynAgo gene in the E. coli genome and tested its effects on plasmid maintenance and phage infections.


N correlations are very complicated. These correlations may be helpful for building multihadron dynamics. We shall compare these data with the theory of quantum field at short distance


An indirect expansion solar assisted multifunctional domestic heat pump(IESA-MDHP) was proposed.Different operation modes in different conditions were presented.The experimental investigation of a prototype of the IESA-MDHP in heating mode was conducted.The results indicate that the IESA-MDHP's COP_(hp) ranges from 3.30 to 4.71 and the COP_(sys) varies between 2.88 and 3.96,apparently higher than that of the conventional domestic air-source heat pump,and the COP_(EX) ranges from 0.17 to 0.31.


Radiation recall is a rare and poorly understood delayed reaction that occurs in an area of previous radiation exposure in response to the use of systemic anticancer (chemo-, immuno-, or targeted therapies) agents. It most commonly manifests as skin dermatitis (two-thirds of cases) but has also been reported in the lungs or along mucosal surfaces (gastritis, cystitis, or colitis) [1]. Radiation recall dermatitis was first described in 1959 as an inflammatory skin reaction in a previously irradiated area after actinomycin D infusion [2]. The etiology of radiation recall is not well understood. Radiation recall is mostly associated with the use of conventional cytotoxins, such as doxorubicin, gemcitabine, capecitabine, and taxanes [1], but the association of radiation recall dermatitis with Radiation recall presents as an acute inflammatory reaction triggered by systemic therapy, usually chemotherapy, and is typically limited to an area that was previously irradiated. Radiation recall reactions are generally self-limiting and most commonly occur in the skin. Many systemic agents have been described to elicit a radiation recall reaction, but the exact pathogenesis is largely unknown. Here, we describe the first reported case of radiation recall dermatitis following cetuximab. While cetuximab is associated with other skin reactions, oncologists should not exclude radiation recall dermatitis as a potential complication of cetuximab infusion in patients with prior radiation, and special attention should be paid to the pattern of skin changes both in terms of location and chronology.


Abstract In this study, the National Centers for Environmental Prediction (NCEP) Regional Spectral Model (RSM) has been evaluated as a means of enhancing the depiction of regional details beyond that which is capable in low-resolution global models. Three-month-long simulations driven by the NCEP–National Center for Atmospheric Research 40-yr reanalysis data are conducted with a horizontal resolution of about 50 km over the United States, for the two winters and summers. The selected winter cases are December–February (DJF) 1991/92 (warm eastern Pacific SST anomalies) and DJF 1992/93 (normal eastern Pacific SST anomalies). Summer cases are May–July (MJJ) 1988 (a drought in the Great Plains) and MJJ 1993 (a flooding). Overall, the results from the model are very satisfactory in terms of the precipitation distribution for different seasons as well as the representation of large-scale features. Evaluation of simulated large-scale features reveals that the model does not exhibit a discernible synoptic-scale d...


or even that a significant fraction of the papers presented at the Congress would adhere to it, would have been disappointed. The interests of both professional and amateur historians of science cover far too broad a range, and those within the discipline who advance obvious social significance as a primary criterion for acceptable scholarship are in too decided a minority. Yet many of the 750 participants seemed, at the very least, to be concerned with how the discipline might best contribute to the clarification of important issues associated with the announced theme of the Congress.


Any of us would be hard pressed to fully realize just how long a time span of six million years actually is. That is the approximate length of time it took for the Homo sapiens brain to develop once our ancestral line diverged from the line which developed into modern chimpanzees and other apes. The narrative of our ancient heritage is a story of challenge, survival, and frequent early death over millions of years of hardship. The fossil record from which we get our data gives hints of only a minute portion of actual biological history and the interpretation of these remains is always open to question and change. Any specific fossil remain cannot reveal how many species existed before and after that particular find. Nonetheless there are discernable patterns that can be explored. One pattern is the frequency of premature death especially of the young and of females who were significantly smaller than the males and also burdened with the care of the young. Individuals who could not cooperate with their peers or made serious mistakes which caused them to be expelled from their groups were not rewarded by huge golden parachute clauses. Most frequently they were slashed and eaten by animals much bigger, much stronger, and much faster than they. The major protection for our predecessors was within the group and cooperation was at a premium. Although it is a fascinating story, it is not a pleasant one and those who assume we have finally arrived at some everlasting plateau of perfection (or even some final adequacy) cannot justify such a whimsical belief by anything that our evolutionary past teaches us of the process. Our futures are still in question just as are all other animal forms on earth and evolution moves on even for us. It is reasonable to recognize that we have been in existence an infinitesimally brief period relative to our ancestors and that we could disappear just as quickly (Fig. 2.1). Several attributes of our ancestors have taken the spotlight as though they were the prime movers in the development of our modern form, divorced from anything social. Considering the ratio of body weight to brain weight, the human brain is the largest in the animal kingdom. However, Richardson (1999: 17) warns that we make too much of this. Until recently, neuroscientists were remarkably vague about


In this paper, we analyze the effect of new electronic money on money supply from the perspective of velocity of money circulation. By estimating multivariate time series econometric methods, we give the prediction and evaluation of the long-term and short-term trend for this influence. Finally, We conclude that new electronic currency mainly substitute cash, saving deposits and other low-level monetary assets, and the effects it has brought vary with the level of velocity of money circulation; In the long run, the development of new electronic money will ultimately focus on the fields of investment, and further slow down the velocity of money circulation..


SummaryIBA-treated cuttings rooted only when prepared fom bark-ringed shoots. The response to ringing declined with increasing age of the tree. However, on marcotting, the ringed shoots of four yea...


Learning Objectives: Relative to laboratory mice kept in specificpathogen free facilities (naïve mice), there are significantly more memory CD4 and CD8 T cells and fewer naïve T cells in mice exposed to frequent antigenic stimulation (immune educated mice). This difference should profoundly alter responses to inflammatory insults as the activation and effector potential of memory T cells differs from naïve T cells. We hypothesize that the presence of a robust population of educated T cells will alter innate immune function following CLP, a well-accepted murine model of sepsis. Methods: Administration of a CD3 activating antibody induced T cell memory (immune education) in C57Bl/6, CD8 knockout (KO) or CD4 KO mice. This approach increased the ratio of CD4 and CD8 memory to naïve T cells without changing total T cell number. 35 days after treatment, mice underwent CLP. Animals were euthanized 18 hrs post-CLP. Bacterial cultures were obtained from abdominal washings. Cells harvested from liver and spleen cells were characterized using flow cytometry. Neutrophils and monocytes from peritoneum, liver and spleen were analyzed ex vivo or stimulated with LPS and elicited cytokine production was measured. Cytokine levels in serum were determined using ELISA. Significance (Student's t-test, P < 0.05) was determined. Results: Relative to naïve controls, CLP in Immune educated mice increased 1) hepatic neutrophil accumulation, 2) stimulated production of IL1β and TNFα in monocytes and neutrophils, 3) numbers of IFNγand TNFα-producing splenic CD4 T cells and 4) serum IFNγ and IL12. Peritoneal bacterial counts were lower in educated mice. The same findings were observed following CLP in educated CD8 KO mice, which have only CD4 T cell memory. However, these changes were not present in CD4 KOs. Conclusions: Immune education alters the innate immune response to CLP. These changes are specific to CD4, but not CD8, memory T cells. Decreased peritoneal bacterial counts suggest that immune education improved immune function. Thus, immune education may profoundly alter findings in animal models of inflammatory disorders. In addition, memory T cells may represent a novel therapeutic target in sepsis. CCMCritical Care MedicineCrit Care Med0090-3493Lippincott Williams & WilkinsHagerstown, MDCCM


Abstract : Theoretical aspects pertaining to diode characteristics and behavior, and diode switch design including low pass filter design, quarter-wave transformer theory, and biasing methods are presented. The high power considerations discussed refer to both diode voltage breakdown and diode temperature response. Also included are the final design information and final experimental results of the L/S-band (1-4,5 Gc/s), C-band (4-7.5 Gc/s), and X-band (7-11 Gc/s) switches. (Author)


Sub-20 nm gate length FinFETs, are constrained by the very thin fin thickness (TFIN) necessary to maintain acceptable short-channel performance. For the 45 nm technology node and below, a novel device design methodology for undoped underlapped FinFETs with high-kappa spacers is presented to achieve higher circuit speed and SRAM cells with higher stability, lower leakage, faster access times and higher robustness to process variations compared to overlapped FinFETs. While comparing different FinFETs, we propose ON-current per fin as the parameter to be optimized instead of ON-current normalized to electrical width.


The harmful impacts of nitrogen dioxide (NO2) include acid rain, respiratory diseases, allergy and photochemical smog. These also causes throat, eye and nose problems, cough, nausea and tiredness in extremely low concentrations (<10 ppm). So, detection and the sensing of NO2 gas is considered as one of the most important detecting techniques. Numerous electronic sensors, semiconductor nanomaterials, carbon nanotubes, graphene, activated carbon and mixed metal oxides have been investigated in order to detect and sense NO2. Several varieties of gas sensors including electrochemical, catalytic combustion, semiconductor and solid electrolyte gas sensors, have been industrialized.


Amorphous carbon nitride coatings (a-CNx) were deposited on SiC disk by ion beam assisted deposition (IBAD). The tribological behavior of a-CNx coating sliding against SiC ball in water was investigated and compared with that of SiC/SiC system at room temperature. The influences of testing conditions on friction coefficient and specific wear rate of both kinds of tribopairs were studied. The worn surfaces on disks were observed by scanning electron microscope (SEM). The results indicate that the running-in period of a-CNx/SiC was shorter than that of SiC/SiC system in water. At a sliding velocity of 120 mm/s, the mean steady-state friction coefficients of SiC/SiC (0.096) was higher than that of a-CNx/SiC (0.05), while at 160 mm/s, lower friction coefficient (0.01) was obtained for SiC/SiC in water. With an increment of normal load, the mean steady-state friction coefficients after running-in first decreased, reaching a minimum value, and then increased. For self-mated SiC, the specific wear rate of SiC ball was a little higher than that of SiC disk, while for a-CNx/SiC, the specific wear rate of SiC ball were 10 times smaller than that of a-CNx coating. Furthermore, the specific wear rate of SiC ball sliding against a-CNx coating was reduced by a factor up to 10


Context: AMS recognizes that other Federal agencies have different terms to describe organisms created through recombinant DNA techniques. AMS is considering areas of potential overlap or confusion over terms, as well as potential language to add to this regulation to ensure the term bioengineering does not affect any other definition, program, rule, or regulation.


The title compound, [Fe(C5H5)(C8H9S)(CO)2], is a three-legged piano-stool iron(II) complex that is characterized by a thioethyl-linked phenyl ring and a cyclopentadienyl moiety that occupies the apical coordination site. The two aromatic rings are essentially planar with the same maximum deviation of 0.009 Å. The mean planes of the phenyl and cyclopentadienyl rings bisect at an acute angle of 50.08°.


An experiment was conducted with Brangus cows to evaluate the effect of loss of body weight and condition on pituitary responsiveness to gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH) stimulation during late lactation. The treatment groups were lactating intact (LI), lactating ovariectomized (LO), nonlactating intact (NLI), and nonlactating ovariectomized (NLO). The study was car ried out in two separate blocks, each one consisting of 3 periods. During period 1 the cows were fed a ration that supplied 90% or 88% of the NRC recommendations for TDN in lactating and nonlactating cows, respectively. This period lasted 170 in block 1 and 130 days in block 2. During period 2 the TDN was reduced to 55% or 52% for lactating and nonlactating cows, respectively. Period 2 lasted 100 days for cows in block 1 and 63 days for cows in block 2. At the beginning of period 3 TDN was further reduced to 25% or 27% for the lactating and nonlactating cows, respectively. Cows in block 1 were challenged with GnRH 40 days after the beginning of the 1st energy reduction, 30 days later and 7 days after the 2nd energy reduction. The cows in block 2 were challenged with GnRH 30 days after the 1st energy reduction, 30 days later and 25 days after the 2nd energy


This is a pre-print to an article published in PeCOP,Overtime, some jobs become routine and less challenging, resulting in the demotivation of the job-holders. Effort should be made to make work more reading or satisfying by adding more meaningful tasks to a worker's job. Such an act aims to spur employee self esteem and feeling of self fulfilment, hence long-term satisfaction' and performance are upheld. This calls for the constant reviewing of the jobs' content.


The hydride (Me3Si)3C[graphic omitted])(H)C(SiMe3)3(1)(thf = tetrahydrofuran) has been structurally characterised; there are probably single hydrogen bridges between In and Li and between In and In in the crystal, and the structure is probably preserved in solution in toluene or thf.


This paper discusses an analysis of the impact of IT process management on company cost reduction. The theoretical part of the paper summarizes my knowledge acquired when studying this topic and covers the elementary description of process management and its key features. The practical part can be divided into two independent parts. The first one analyzes the IT department status prior to the process management implementation project launched at XY. It describes and evaluates individual activities as performed under the old IT management scheme. The second part deals with the IT process management implementation in the XY?s organizational scheme. This project is prepared in order to serve as a universal guideline for similar projects implemented in other companies. The paper is concluded with an assessment of the entire project from its cost perspective.


The aim of this article is to investigate the work-centered mobility notion. Therefore a historical survey of the classic economists who incorporated this concept was carried out and its use critically evaluated. Starting from the historical materialism, a more consistent application of the notion of mobility. The idea of forced mobility established twenty years ago by Jean Paul de Gaudemar and centered on Marx's value/work concept, has been observed, which has trough an important theoretical contribution to the studies of population geography.


Carbon nitride (CN x7 and diamond-like carbon (DLC) coatings were prepared using dc magnetron sputtering at room temperature. The morphology, chemical composition and bonding state of the coatings were characterized by atomic force microscopy (AFM), Auger electron spectroscopy (AES) and Raman spectroscopy. Compared to DLC, CN x7 coating exhibited a slight improvement in hardness, coefficient of friction, roughness, and corrosion. The effects of CN x7 and DLC coatings on cultures of mouse fibroblasts and human endothelial cells were determined by scanning electron microscopy. The results showed that the coatings caused no adverse effects on the cells. CN x7 coating provided a comparable or better surface for the normal cellular attachment, growth, and morphology as compared to DLC. These results support the biocompatibility of both CN x7 and DLC and should initiate an interest in the biomedical applications of CN x7 coating.


In the analysis of fluctuating clutter in radar systems, the dc/ac ratio, defined as the ratio of power contained in the dc component at zero Doppler to the power contained in the clutter spectrum, is an important parameter which impacts the detection of slowly-moving targets. Thus, proper characterization of the dc/ac ratio is important for a meaningful assessment of system performance. We explain why the dc component can be hidden due to shortness of the data set or due to apodization. We show that a random propagation time can explain any form of dc/ac ratio and many shapes of the broadband Doppler spectra. Examples are based on a paper by Narayanan et al. about backscatter from trees of a radar at 8 GHz.


A unified description of neural algorithms by means of general objective functions is shown to be the key to economic design of software and hardware. The compute-intensive algorithmic strings present in the dynamical equations corresponding to an objective function are to be executed by dedicated VLSI circuits. Cellular neural networks are recovered as a special case, and a corresponding general learning rule is derived.<<ETX>>


The Korteweg-deVries (KdV) equation with step boundary conditions is considered, with an emphasis on soliton dynamics. When one or more initial solitons are of sufficient size they can propagate through the step; in this case the phase shift is calculated via the inverse scattering transform. On the other hand, when the amplitude is too small they become trapped. In the trapped case the transmission coefficient of the associated associated linear Schr\"odinger equation can become large at a point exponentially close to the continuous spectrum. This point is referred to as a {\it pseudo-embedded eigenvalue}. Employing the inverse problem it is shown that the continuous spectrum associated with a branch cut in the neighborhood of the pseudo-embedded eigenvalue plays the role of discrete spectra, which in turn leads to a trapped soliton in the KdV equation.


Abstract The development of breast muscle (Pectoralis major) using male and female broilers from two commercial strain crosses (RR = Ross × Ross and PAA = Peterson × Arbor Acres) was evaluated from hatching to 12 wk of age by quantifying DNA, RNA, and total protein contents. All birds received diets satisfying the 1984 National Research Council requirements. Birds were selected from each pen at 2-wk intervals, and their breast muscles were excised. Body weight and cumulative feed conversion did not differ between strains. Breast muscle weight increased with age, and RR had greater (P


Glass samples with 3B2O3· Bi2O3 and B2O3· Bi2O3 matrices containing up to 30 mol% Y2O3 were prepared by melt fast quenching method. The effect of yttrium addition on the local order in glasses was investigated by infrared spectroscopic analysis. The results indicate that the local structure is more ordered in the glass system with higher bismuth content and the progressive addition of yttrium increases the local disorder in both bismuth-borate glass matrices.


As thermosetting resins and composites made from them begin to be used in critical applications, it becomes necessary to monitor and analyze the cure of the resin within the confines of the processing equipment. Such measurements have been carried out using a dielectric technique called dielectrometry or dielectric analysis. Conventional dielectrometry has certain limitations associated with the use of parallel plate geometry for electrodes. For in situ measurement of cure, intrusiveness of electrodes is a problem which may require placement of electrodes in non-strategic areas. Since electrode spacing changes during cure, it is difficult to deduce permittivity and loss factor from the data. At lower frequencies the capacitive currents are small and signal-to-noise ratios are small, therefore, measurement at low frequencies (>100 Hz) typically require large electrode sizes. One approach to overcome the problems described above is the development of microdielectrometry. A solid state integrated circuit chip, 2 by 4 mm in size, is used as the sensor. The miniature sensor can measure the properties of a dielectric on its surface, therefore it need not intrude into the composite part. Transistors which are built into the integrated circuit are used to amplify the signal to make low frequency (>1 Hz) measurements feasible. The electrode geometry does not change, therefore loss factor and permittivity data can be deduced in real-time. During cure of the resin or composite material, permittivity and loss factor are measured continuously at a series of preselected frequencies. Real-time-data is plotted on a strip chart and is also stored in a cassette for later analysis. Temperature of the curing material is measured either by a diode on the sensor or by externally placed thermocouples. Results on an aromatic amine cured epoxy resin and a dicyandiamide cured epoxy resin prepreg are presented in this report. The data obtained by microdielectrometry is compared and correlated to results obtained using differential scanning calorimetry, infrared analysis, and dynamic mechanical analysis. Results show that microdielectrometry can be used to follow the cure of epoxy resins and absolute measurements of permittivity and loss factor can be made to provide information on the mechanisms that produce the observed changes. Data at 1 Hz can be obtained but for certain lossy systems at typical cure temperatures, the data is often out of range of the instrument, thus restricting use to 10 Hz and higher frequencies. At very high loss factors (>100) a "blocking" phenomenon is observed due to charge pile up at electrode surfaces which results in erroneously high permittivity values.


This essay intends to problematize the possible direction that the field of language teaching will follow in the XXI century. For this purpose, nine methodological parameters for conceptualizing every language teaching method will be described, the impossibility of designating the best method will be considered, the concept of the post method condition and its ten macro strategies for language teaching will be discussed along with the challenges for its implementation, a minimalist proposal for language teaching will be referred to, and the current phenomenon of textbook-defined practice will be analyzed.


An equimolar mixture of hard spheres with equal diameter d, having an unequal collision diameter d12 between unlike species, favors a hetercoordinated arrangement if d12 lies between 0.65d and d, and a homocoordinated packing below d12=0.65d. At d12<0.65d, hard spheres of one type move increasingly unaffected by the presence of hard spheres of the other type. This conclusion was drawn from Monte Carlo (MC) simulations over large ranges of density and d12 and originates in the fact that collisions between like-species at d prevent collisions of unlike-species at shorter distance d12<d. The observed shift of hetero- to homocoordination affects equation-of-state data as well. Additionally, a test of the van der Waals one-fluid model of mixtures by the Monte Carlo data shows that this model significantly overestimates the pressure at high density, and hence, is less suitable for nonadditive hard sphere mixtures. As expected, the MC data suggest a fluid phase separation at d12≳d.


Emerging biological significance of carbohydrates has increased the importance of carbohydrate-binding molecules (CBMs) as diagnostic and therapeutic agents as well as research tools in glycobiology. Especially, there are rapidly growing interests in small molecules with a carbohydratebinding property due to the ease of preparation and chemical modification. This minireview focuses on small-size CBMs that bind carbohydrates through non-covalent interactions. Small-size CBMs of synthetic origin have been progressively developed in the field of supramolecular chemistry. The representative architectures of the synthetic CBMs are briefly reviewed mainly focusing on recent examples. We also highlight naturally-occurring CBMs, pradimicins and its congeners. They are the only class of natural products with a lectin-like ability to recognize D-mannosides (Man) in the presence of Ca ion. Our recent findings on molecular basis of their Man recognition are also described. A. Introduction Carbohydrates are involved in a variety of biological and pathological processes such as protein folding, fertilization, embryogenesis, neuronal development, cell proliferation, cancer metastasis, and viral infection (1– 5). Coupled with these emerging biological significances of carbohydrates, the importance of carbohydrate-binding molecules (CBMs) has been rapidly growing as diagnostic and therapeutic agents as well as chemical tools in glycobiology. The CBMs include antibodies, lectins, aptamers, and small molecules with carbohydrate-binding properties (6). Although lectins have been most extensively used in glycobiology research (7, 8), the available lectins often suffer from cross-reactivity problems. In addition, typical lectins are intrinsically unfavorable as therapeutic agents because of their limited supply, poor oral bioavailability, susceptibility to proteases and potential risk of initiating unfavorable immune response. Under these circumstances, small-size 非ペプチド性の糖結合分子


Polish against the tendency of changing word-order in indo-European languages (left-branching shift to right-branching) One of the evolutive tendencies in indo-European languages is the gradual shift toward right-branching constructions (the head precedes the modifier). The right-branching has begun to dominate in the Romance languages; but not in Latin and not in Polish. However, these languages show this tendency, too; Latin in a lesser degree than Polish. Despite the innovations, Latin still displayed a considerable number of left-branching constructions, which it inherited from the protolanguage. Its specificity is that the basic construction (OV) is archaic, but some others, such as NG, Vmod Inf, N, Rel, NA are innovations. The majority of archaic constructions used in Latin are also acceptable in Polish, but they are much more rare. Contrary to the Romance languages, Polish 1) uses sometimes archaic constructions, and 2) its right-branching constructions are relatively rare.


We present a method to implement an switching system by use of an multimode planar waveguide and N hologram filters. The multimode planar waveguide provides the pass of optical signals and changes the output speckle patterns by applying an electrical signal. The complex speckle patterns generated from the multimode planar waveguide are recorded into the N hologram filters and used as the code for destination. The feasibility of our method is experimentally demonstrated.


In this paper, we introduce a numerical framework for quantum tomography and entanglement quantification of three-qubit generalized Werner states. The scheme involves the single-qubit symmetric, informationally complete, positive operator-valued measure (SIC-POVM), which is then generalized to perform three-qubit measurements. We introduce random errors into the scheme by imposing the Poisson noise on the measured photon counts. The precision of state estimation is quantified and presented on graphs. As a special case, we compare the efficiency of the framework for the pure three-qubit generalized Werner state and the W state. The reconstructed states are presented graphically and discussed.


The Central Asian states, which remained under the Soviet regime for a long time, started to arouse curiosity in world politics about global and regional policy preferences after they gained their independence, and this situation led to an increase in the importance of Central Asia in global power competition. In this study, which is theorized around the concept of Small State, it is aimed to reveal the degree of political affinity towards the three global powers, China, Russia, and the USA, by analyzing the United Nations (UN) General Assembly voting data of the Central Asian States, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, and Turkmenistan between 1992-2021. The reason why the study is limited to three states from the Central Asian States is that only these states are suitable for the
definition of small states. According to the quantitative analysis results obtained based on the UN voting data; the three Central Asian States are closer to Russia and China than the USA from their establishment to the present in terms of political affinity; the political affinity with the USA has become increasingly different especially after the years 1995-96; and, it is understood that the political affinity with China has increased especially after the 2000s.


Purpose The etiology of childhood brain tumors (CBT) is poorly understood but dietary factors could be involved. In this case-control study of CBT, the possible associations of childhood intake of dietary and supplemental folate, B6 and B12 with the risk of CBT were investigated, along with various food groups. Methods Cases diagnosed between 2005 and 2010 were identified from 10 pediatric oncology centers in Australia, controls by nationwide random-digit dialling. For study children of ages 3 to 14 years, diet in the year before diagnosis (or recruitment) was assessed using food frequency questionnaires. Folate intake was adjusted for bioavailability, and dietary micronutrient intake was energy-adjusted. Micronutrients and food groups were analysed using logistic regression adjusting for relevant confounders. Principal components analysis was conducted to assess food group intake patterns for analysis. Results Food and micronutrient data were available for 216 cases and 523 controls. Folate intake was associated with a reduced risk of CBT overall (odds ratio for highest tertile vs lowest: 0.63, 95% confidence interval: 0.41, 0.97) and particularly low grade gliomas (odds ratio for highest tertile vs lowest: 0.52, 95% confidence interval: 0.29, 0.92). Vitamin B6 and B12 intake were not associated with CBT risk, nor was processed meat. Conclusions High folate intake during childhood may reduce the risk of CBT. This potentially important finding needs to be corroborated in other studies. If replicated, these results could have important implications for public health recommendations regarding diet during childhood.


Treatment and outcome of infant acute leukemia (IAL) in developed countries have been well documented. However, reports summarizing diagnosis and outcome of IAL in developing countries are limited.


Objective To simplify the sample preparation method and to establish a rapid and accurate method for determination of astragaloside IV in Radix Astragali.Methods Two methods described in Chinese Pharmacopoeia(2010)(ChP) and Hong Kong Chinese Materia Medica Standards(2005)(HKCMMS) were compared.Results The content of astragaloside IV determined by HKCMMS showed a good linearity in the range of 20.56 ~ 411.20 μg/mL.The average recovery was 102.14 % and RSD was 3.1 %.SPSS 13.0 software was used for the statistical analysis of determination of astragaloside IV in 3 batches of Radix Astragali by the two methods,and T test results showed P = 0.951 0.05.Radix Astragali in 19 groups bought from Qingping market were determined by HKCMMS,and the results showed content of astragaloside IV was in the range of 0.15 ~ 0.84 mg/g.Conclusion The sample preparation method utilized in HKCMMS is simple,accurate,reliable and with good reproducibility,and there are no significant differences of the determination results between Chp and HKCMMS.


The paper analyzes the impact of globalization on economic development of the countries worldwide. Economies of developing countries are considered from the perspective of the theory of catch-up development. In addition, main tools of the state economic policy aimed at economic growth and principles for carrying out economic reforms in developing countries are described.


Background Pruritus, or itch, is the most prevalent symptom of allergic and inflammatory skin disease. Although it is known that itch induces activation of a neural network in the brain, the temporal dynamics of the network as well as the pathophysiology and neurobiology are not well understood.


Objectives: To disentangle the interplay between occupational physical activity (OPA) and leisure-time physical activity (LTPA) in affecting cardiovascular health, this study aimed to examine (1) interactions between OPA and LTPA and their combined effect on 20-year incidence of acute myocardial infarction (AMI), and (2) the effect of OPA on AMI that is mediated through LTPA. Methods: We analyzed data on 1891 men, aged 42-60 years at baseline, from the prospective Kuopio Ischemic Heart Disease Risk Factor Study. OPA was measured as relative aerobic strain (RAS), accounting for workers' cardiorespiratory fitness. Averaged 12-month LTPA and potential confounders were assessed by questionnaires. Analyses were stratified by the presence of ischemic heart disease (IHD) at baseline. Results: We found multiplicative but not additive interactions between OPA and LTPA among men with IHD. The multivariable Cox model, adjusted for age, education, smoking, alcohol consumption, psychosocial job factors, and participation in an unrelated drug trial, showed that high OPA positively predicted AMI at low LTPA levels for both men without and with IHD —HR 1.27 (95% CI: 0.96–1.68) and HR 1.59 (95% CI: 0.99– 1.68), respectively. The combination of high OPA and low LTPA constituted the group associated with the highest risk for AMI, irrespective of IHD status. LTPA was not independently predictive of AMI and did not mediate the impact of OPA on AMI. Conclusions: LTPA interacted with OPA on the multiplicative scale only. LTPA did not mediate the effect of OPA on AMI. KEY TERMS occupational health; coronary heart disease; epidemiology; population based; effect modification; interaction; mediation; prospective study; relative aerobic workload; energy expenditure; physical activity


Different mechanisms for the protection of polymers against photodegradation are discussed, (1) The u.v.-absorbers of the 2-(2-hydroxyphenyl)-benzotriazole and the o-hydroxybenzophenone type have rates of internal conversion much higher than the rate of intersystem crossing and of fluorescence decay. Evidence is presented that this rapid non-radiative deactivation cannot be explained very satisfactorily by a simple 'enol—keto'-equilibrium in the first excited singlet state only. (2) At the concentrations used in practice the quenching rate of light stabilizers is so low that quenching cannot compete successfully with other deactivation processes of triplet states, while excited singlet states of primary sensitizers can be quenched efficiently only by additives with extinction coefficients of more than 5000 to 10000. (3) The derivatives of 2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-piperidines of the structures I to IV cannot quench excited singlet states in the apolar solvent heptane. The corresponding N-oxyls inhibit the Norrish reaction of aralkylketones. Specific N-oxyland N-methyl-2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-piperidines as well as certain nickel chelates decelerate the singlet oxygen induced photo-oxygenation of rubrene and 9,10-dimethoxy anthracene.


Interferometer and machine vision both are very trending technologies in the manufacturing industry for quality inspection purpose. Interferometers are commonly used to measure surface contour, flatness, surface finish. Machine vision also plays a vital role in the evaluation of the surface quality and surface profile of components under inspection. In this paper, a combination of interferometer and machine vision principles is used to count the number of fringes to determine taper angle and parallelism error in micro and nanometer range. An interferogram is captured by a camera and image acquisition algorithm. Image processing algorithms are used to count the number of fringes and calculating taper angle as well as flatness (parallelism) error for slip gauge surface.


Brachiaria brizantha and Cynodon nlemfuensis are grass species used by cattle owners in México and in many other countries for fattening stock. Seasonal variation along the year causes great nutritional and energetic variations in their morphological composition and in green and dry forage production (Morais et al., 1998), nutritive value, structural carbohydrates, lignine and maturity (Van Soest, 1982). Its nutritional and energetic characteristics are not always known in Sinaloa, México and during fattening, they affect results. For these reasons, conducted this experiment to characterize nutrient and energy profile of Brachiaria brizantha and Cynodon nlemfuensis in Sinaloa, Mexico.


Personal data has become an important resource in today's market and in platform business models. In fact, the essence of many platform business models is to create value for an individual by offering a free service and to capture value by collecting and selling collected data. In this study, we analyse the drivers for platform business model innovation in the context of personal data used in the healthcare sector. Platform business models are shaped and designed with respect to the internal and external drivers in the market. However, few studies have increased our understanding of the drivers for platform business model innovation. For that, we conducted an exploratory study for five personal data platform providers that enable individuals to control the use of their personal data in digital services by interviewing the personal data platform providers and using company presentation material. The findings show that by adopting a human-centred approach to personal data, giving control over data to the individual, personal data platform providers change how value is created and captured. This research has managerial implications and contributes to the business model innovation literature by extending the current knowledge about drivers for personal data-based platform business model innovation in the healthcare sector.


In this paper, spreadsheet for the calculation of re-entrant and co-axial cavities for klystron and multiple beam klystron (MBK) have been built using equivalent circuit model. The results from the spreadsheet were compared with those from MAFIA and MicrowaveStudio (MWS), and the errors are within 5% if the validation criterions are satisfied for the equivalent model. So the spreadsheet could be used in the preliminary design of cavity resonator for both klystron and MBK.


Direct determinations of monoamine oxidase activity in vitro have consistently revealed a weak monoamine oxidase inhibitory action of bretylium (McCoubrey, 1962; Kuntzman & Jacobson, 1963; Dvornik, Kraml, Dubuc, Tom & Zsoter, 1963). In vitro studies using indirect methods have indicated a greater potency than the direct studies suggested (Furchgott, 1964; Furchgott & Sanchez-Garcia, 1966; Giachetti & Shore, 1967). In vivo, however, there is conflicting evidence on the possible monoamine oxidase inhibitory action of bretylium. Hertting, Axelrod & Patrick (1962) and Gessa, Cuenca & Costa (1963) failed to show any inhibition of rat monoamine oxidase with bretylium. On the other hand Carlsson & Waldeck (1967) have suggested that bretylium might inhibit monoamine oxidase in vivo. Indirect evidence for such an action of bretylium should be revealed in reserpinized animals by an increased retention, in sympathetically innervated tissues, of infused sympathomimetic amines which are substrates for monoamine oxidase. The ability of bretylium to cause such an increased retention has been assessed both by direct measurement and by the use of tyramine. Comparisons have been made between the pharmacological effects of bretylium with those of N-O-chlorobenzyl-N'N"-dimethyl guanidine (BW392C60), two monoamine oxidase inhibitors and guanethidine. BW392C60 is an analogue of bretylium and has been shown to inhibit monoamine oxidase both in vitro and in vivo (Kuntzman & Jacobson, 1963). Guanethidine does not inhibit monoamine oxidase (Kadzielawa, 1962; Dvornik et al., 1963; Kuntzman & Jacobson, 1963). Bretylium, BW392C60 and guanethidine all share the common property of being potent adrenergic neuronal blocking agents (Boura & Green, 1959, 1963; Maxwell, Plummer, Schneider, Povalski & Daniel, 1960). Preliminary communications of this work were presented to the British Pharmacological Society in Leeds, 1965, and Dundee, 1966.


She examines the decision-making processes at Monsanto that led to their making the drug available and discusses corporate, academic, and regulatory decision-making in the context of a restructured global political economy for agriculture. Mills shows that there was consensus about the scientific evidence but interpretation of that evidence differed depending on the context from which it was viewed. Scientists who analysed it for regulatory bodies interpreted it differently than scientists in corporate or academic institutions, and scientists in Canada and Europe interpreted it differently than those in the United States. In the United States it was assumed that any problems arising from its use could be taken care of within the existing dairy system; in Canada and Europe these problems were regarded as legitimate animal welfare issues. While all regulatory bodies agreed that human health problems were unlikely, in Canada the Health Protection Branch questioned this, but ultimately rejected the drug on animal health grounds.


ABSTRACT A new optimal power flow model for wind, solar, and solar-thermal bundled power scheduling and dispatch is proposed, incorporating the deviation incentive/penalty charges for renewable energy introduced in India. The multiobjective function is solved using the flower pollination algorithm; the scheme is successfully tested on the IEEE 30-bus and Indian utility 30-bus systems. The forecasting error constraints introduced in renewable energy scheduling and dispatch are demonstrated to be beneficial in several aspects. Solar-thermal bundling is shown to create win-win situations for thermal and solar generators. The effectiveness of the flower pollination algorithm in solving optimal power flow models is proved.


The method of signal processing of the received dexterity of the OFDM encoded digital signals. OFDM encoded digital signals, in some frequency channels are transmitted as data symbol subcarriers. Subset of sub-carriers, the form of pilot sub-carriers having a known pilot value (a First, the received signal Then, a second estimate of the channel transfer function Third estimate of the channel transfer function Finally, the fourth estimate of the cleaned received signal


Dymos is a library for optimizing control schedules for dynamic systems — sometimes referred to as optimal control or trajectory optimization. There are a number of other optimal control libraries that tackle similar kinds of problems, such as OTIS4 (Paris et al., 2006), GPOPSII (Patterson & Rao, 2014),and CASADI (Andersson et al., 2019). These tools all rely on gradient-based optimization to solve optimal control problems, though their methods of computing the gradients vary. Dymos is built on top of the OpenMDAO framework (Gray et al., 2019) and supports its modular derivative system which allows users to mix-and-match from finite-differencing, complex-step, hand-differentiated, and algorithmic differentiation. This flexibility allows Dymos to efficiently solve optimal control problems constructed with both ordinary differential equations (ODE) and differential-algebraic equations (DAE).


Optimising energy consumption has become the primary focus of research in recent years. Static and dynamic energy optimisation during task scheduling is one of the most prominent measures available. This is achieved mainly by shutdown and slowdown techniques. In uni-processor real-time systems, the most widely used shutdown and slowdown techniques are dynamic procrastination (DP) and dynamic voltage and frequency scaling (DVFS). This paper proposes DPVFS a hard real-time task scheduler for multi-core (MC) system to optimise overall energy consumption without deadline misses. DPVFS combines DP and DVFS for MC systems to save overall energy consumption. DPVFS shuts the processor down whenever possible with the help of procrastination. If shutdown is not possible, it adjusts the voltage and frequency to reduce dynamic energy consumption. The experimental evaluation of DPVFS with synthetically generated benchmark program suites shows savings of 18.8% and 33.2% of overall energy over DP based schedulers and DVFS based schedulers respectively.


This article presents the fabrication of pure PTFE membrane filtration material prepared by PTFE micro porous membrane with Teflon needle felt through hot pressing.The Components of pure PTFE membrane filtration material are analyzed by using Fourier transform infrared(FT-IR) technology and differential scanning calorimeter with no other weaves found other than PTFE weaves featuring its performance and PTFE vibration weaves.The morphology of PTFE membrane filtration material is observed by SEM with the filtration performance of the membrane tested.The result shows that PTFE micro porous membrane composited with Teflon fabric by high temperature physical heat bonding can more satisfy the request of flue gas dedusting under high temperature,high humidity and heavy corrosion conditions than pure PTFE membrane material if compared with traditionally made membrane filtration material.


Traditionally, the electromagnetic protection ability of a system, such as filters, shielding enclosures, etc., is measured in the frequency-domain and expressed as insertion loss or shielding effectiveness. When the time-domain characteristics of the system are required to evaluate their pulse response, time-domain tests need to be conducted. However, it may not be convenient to carried out time-domain tests because of the availability of test facilities. Theoretically, suppose the system works in a linear range, its pulse response can be estimated from frequency-domain measured data. We evaluated this concept by experiments. A digital filter model of the system under test is used to approximate the measured frequency response and then employed to calculate the output of the system under pulsed input. The estimated pulse responses are compared with measured ones. Results show that it is possible to estimate approximately the magnitude and shape of the time-domain response by this approach.


This paper investigates the link between the Maximum Principle and the sign of the (generalized) principal eigenvalue for elliptic operators in unbounded domains. Our approach covers the cases of Dirichlet, Neumann, and (indefinite) Robin boundary conditions and treat them in a unified way. For a certain class of elliptic operators (including the class of selfadjoint operators), we establish that the positivity of the principal eigenvalue is a necessary and sufficient condition for the validity of the Maximum Principle. If the principal eigenvalue is zero, no general answer holds; instead, under a natural condition on the domain's size at infinity, we show that the operator satisfies what we call the Critical Maximum Principle. We also address the question of the simplicity of the principal eigenvalue, and a series of counterexamples is proposed to disprove some possible misconceptions. Our main results are new even for the more classical cases of Dirichlet boundary conditions and selfadjoint operators.


This paper proposes a new method for detection of changed regions and for classification of their change pattern, "DETECT," from two remotely sensed multispectral multitemporal images acquired at the same location and at different times. The method applies a local regression model to a rectangular region of interest based on a changed pixel intensity distribution pattern between two different times. A statistical test is examined to judge whether the differences of regression coefficients are significant or not. Then, these regions are subdivided into subregions when their regression coefficients show a significant difference. Compared with the conventional method, the proposed method is free from impulse noise. Also, it is not influenced by apparent changes caused by sensitivity degradation in sensors or by the location changes of the light source. The threshold, which will directly affect the result of change recognition, is determined theoretically. Therefore, the proposed method yields inarbitrary results. These features are examined by simulations using a set of artificial images. The method is demonstrated to be successful when applied to actual satellite images. © 1999 Scripta Technica, Syst Comp Jpn, 30(12): 34–42, 1999


The experiment was carried out at Entomology department, Bangladesh Jute Research Institute (BJRI), Dhaka, Bangladesh for dose fixation and in the field of two different locations viz. Jute Agriculture Experimental Station (JAES), Manikganj and Jute Research Sub-Station, Tarabo, Narayanganj were selected for evaluation of nine acaricides against jute yellow mite during the jute growing season (April-August) 2018 & 2019 following Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replications. Revenge 1.8EC(Abamectin 1.8%), Power Prid 95SP (Cartap 92% + Acetamiprid 3%), Lock 12SC(Chlorphenpyr 10%+ Emamectin Benzoate 2%), Parker 75 WG (Acetamiprid 50% + Buprofezin 25%), Brinka 24 SC (Spirodiclofen 24%), Guardian 40WDG(Emamectin Benzoate 20% + Thiamethoxam 20%), Aceto 40WDG(Acetamiprid 40%), Flame38WDG(Abamectin 2%+ Imidacloprid 36%), Aim Zox 10EC(Hexythiazox 10%EC) @ 600ml/ha, 600ml/ha, 600ml/ha, 600ml/ha, 500ml/ha, 600ml/ha, 600ml/ha, 600ml/ha, 225gm/ha, 600ml/ha, 600ml/ha, 500ml/ha, 280ml/ha and 30gm/ha respectively respectively were found effective and economic in the pot experiment for controlling jute yellow mite at 3th day after spray. Among these insecticides, the highest percent reduction of jute yellow mite in 2018 (97.12%) as well as more yield (3.17 ton/ha) over control was found in plot treated with Revenge 1.8EC (Abamectin 1.8%) in Manikganj. In 2019, the highest percent reduction of jute yellow mite (96.45%) was found in plot treated with Lock 12SC (Chlorphenpyr 10%+ Emamectin Benzoate 2%) and highest in Manikganj and highest yield (3.20ton/ha) was found in Aim Zox 10EC (Hexythiazox 10%EC) treated plot in narayanganj. Overall, All tested insecticides were found effective significantly giving more than 88% reduction of infestation and more than 2.45 ton/ha fibre yields at both field experiments at two years.


In this paper image analyzing methods are established and presented to study the microstructural changes of the nonwovens made by hydroentanglement process. Fast Fourier transform is used to obtain the orientation distribution of the fibers. The distribution of the length of the straight segments of the fibers is evaluated by application of Hough Transform. The microstructural changes are correlated with the tested mechanical properties of the nonwoven fabrics.


Dean-David Holyoake says there have been problems with the provision of Child and Adolescent Mental Health Services (CAMHS) since it was founded in 1995 (Reflections January 7).


OBJECTIVE:To establish the quality standard of Compound niubangzi buccal tablets.METHODS:Lonicerae japonica and Paeonia suffruticosa in the formulation were identified by TLC,and the content of arctiin in the tablets was determined by HPLC.RESULTS:The TLC spots were clear,well-isolated and distinctive.The linear range of arctiin was 0.586~5.274 μg(r=0.999 9)and its average recovery was 98.94%(RSD=1.68%,n=9).CONCLUSION:The established quality standard can be used for the quality control of Compound niubangzi buccal tablets.


ABSTRACT With the help of life table construction, which derives the net-reproductive rate, mean time of generation and the survivorship curve, one can classify the insects into pest or as non-pest. This paper is an attempt to bring diversity information of the general pest and non-pest group of insects on Musa spp. to a broader audience and examine it in the context of related research. Pests on Musa spp. (banana and plantain) can cause serious damage to its fruit (scales, thrips, aphids, caterpillars, beetles and fruit flies), leaf (grasshoppers, aphids, lacewings, mites, scales, thrips, moths/caterpillars, bugs and whiteflies), pseudostem (weevils and lepidopteran stalk borers), rhizome (beetles, weevils, mealybugs and termites), and can transmit important plant pathogens (aphids transmit banana bunchy top virus; mealybugs and whiteflies favour the growth of ascomycetes fungi). The non-pest group of insects associated with Musa spp. are, generally some of the honeybees and ants. In the current study, among the major group of insects associated with Musa spp. of Indo-Pacific region (93 species of pests and 25 species of non-pests) the most common ones are described and discussed on their 'pest' status.


BackgroundLike other major chronic diseases, vision impairment is an independently associated risk factor of cognitive decline among older individuals. We in this study, aim to investigate what are the predictors of vision impairment in old age and how impaired vision is associated with cognitive impairment among the aging population.MethodsThe present research used data from Building a Knowledge Base on Population Aging in India. The effective sample size for the present study was 9541 older adults. Descriptive statistics and bivariate analysis was used to find the preliminary results. Further, binary logistic regression analysis was been done to fulfil the objective of the study.ResultsAbout 6 in every 10 older adults had a problem of vision impairment. Further, nearly 60% of older adults had cognitive impairment in India. Diabetes [OR: 1.55, CI: 1.32-1.81], hypertension [OR: 1.60, CI: 1.42-1.80], heart disease [OR: 1.43, CI: 1.16-1.76] and cataract [OR: 5.97, CI: 4.83-7.38] were the risk factors for vision impairment among older adults. It was revealed that the older adults who had vision impairment were 11% significantly more likely to have cognitive impairment when compared with the older adults who do not suffer from vision impairment [OR: 1.11, CI: 1.01-1.23]. Low psychological health [OR: 1.55; CI: 1.36, 1.77], low ADL [OR: 1.80; CI: 1.43, 2.27], low IADL [OR: 1.26; CI: 1.14, 1.40], poor self-rated health [OR: 1.28; CI: 1.15-1.41] and chronic morbidity [OR: 1.27; CI: 1.14, 1.41] were the significant factors for cognitive impairment among older adults in IndiaConclusionsAdditional efforts in terms of advocacy, availability, affordability, and accessibility especially in a country with a greater illiteracy rate are mandatory to increase the reach of eye-care services and reduce the prevalence of avoidable visual impairment and vision losses that lead to cognitive deficits among the older population.


The recent advances in distributed generation and in power electronics interfaced loads have been challenging the stability of the traditional distribution grid. In this framework, micro-grids are seen as a promising paradigm to augment the overall intelligence of the electrical grid, allowing for better power quality and for an increased penetration of distributed generation. To address the stability of such systems, the impedance modeling constitutes a widely adopted solution, thanks to its ease of application. This paper overviews the derivation and verification of the impedance model for a solid-state transformer interfaced grid. Simulations show excellent agreement with the theoretical analysis.


Objective To afford an effective method to determine the ovulatory phase in female Macac a fascicularis for its artificial insemination and hybridization. Meth od 30 female Macaca fascicularis at the age of 4-6 years were selec ted to assess the changes of various types of cells in vaginal smears. R esult and Conclusion The major cell types in the Macaca fascicularis vaginal smears included leucocytes, keratinized epithelial cells, intermediat e and basal cells and cell debris. The amount of leucocytes is significantly dif ferent in various phases of the menstrual cycle(p0.05). The number of kerat inized epithelial cells is the same in both preovulatory and menstrual phases, but is significantly(p 0.05) different in other phases of the menstrual cycle. There is no significant dif ference in the number of intermediate and basal cells at menstrual and postovula tory phases, but is significantly(p0.05) different in other phases of the m en strual cycle. The amount of cell debris is similsr to that of keratinized epithe lial cells. The changes of cells profile in various phases were that the number of keratinized epithelial cells increased gradually to tiptop from menstrual pha se to ovulatory phase and then reduced gradually, but the changes of leucocytes, intermediate and basal cells and cell debris are contrary to that of keratinize d epithelial cells.


When the road passes through the first-grade surface sources protection zones and secondary reserve for domestic and drinking water,pavement runoff needs to be treated.Pollutant control index achieve environmental quality standards for surface water(GB 3838-2002) before being discharged.Pavement runoff treatment belongs to a new field.It is not very clear about the definition and not formed a mature system in domestic research.In the vast literature at home and abroad about pavement runoff,this article summarizing the engineering and non-engineering measures of pavement runoff,and discussing handling the problems existing in the research and future development trend,provides reference for the related research and engineering design.


The research purpose's is to analyze the effect of green-minded products on purchase inte ntion . This research is survey . The research used a qu e s t io n n ai r e for collecting data . The result indicated that green-minded product positively influencing purchase inte ntion .


The 2008 global financial crisis (GFC) echoed the same systemic flaws in relation to investment financing that gave rise to the 1930s great depression (GD). Although triggering factors and regulatory concerns are qualitatively different in the two crises, the diagnosis in Islamic perspective relates to two major sources: (1) an inherently destabilising force of the interest rate as it strictly separates investment and financing decisions, (2) and an ever- widening distance between capital markets and productive sectors due to unrestrained financial engineering that feeds on short term speculative returns. The first problem is shown to invoke Fisher and Tobin's Separation Theorems in the mainstream economics as they state the theoretical appeal of investment/financing separation in terms of capital market optimality. The second problem has a long history in modern capitalist markets as it has lately resulted in transforming traditional concepts of investment, financing and liquidity. Recent studies have provided evidence that financial derivatives in capital markets constitute 80% of global liquidity, implying that the world economy is becoming much like a big gambling casino having producers of goods and services like sellers of nuts and crisps! The paper sets out from a brief background on the GD, shedding light on the profound structural impact of the 1933 Glass-Steagall Act as it negatively affected traditional bank intermediation and encouraged money and capital market disintermediation. The present GFC has marked the apex of major intermittent events between the GD and the GFC that have contributed to radical shifts of profitability from productivity-based traditions to highly leveraged speculation. In conclusion, interest-free Islamic finance can be part of the global financial solution not only through advocacy of an equity driven economic order but also through stricter control on financial engineering that feeds purely on speculative bubbles.


Flooding is one of the disasters that often occur in Demak Regency especially Sayung area, Karang Asem, and Mranggen. The impact of floods can not be ignored, such as damage to city infrastructure, and socio-economic losses in the region Demak regency occur due to inundation and inundation long time. Dombo Sayung River Flood Control Objectives is to reduce the occurrence of floodwaters in the area Demak regency using structural measures. The flood control study using a return period of 100 years. With a return period flood hydrograph Q100th Dombo Sayung River analyzed using HEC-HMS software. While the hydraulics analysis were analyzed using the HEC-RAS software. The analysis shows a cross-existing conditions Dombo Sayung River insufficient to drain the flood discharge Q100th of 343.0 m3/sec with the effect of the floods, so it needs to repair the river cross-section an attempt to enlarge the drainage of the river.


Leukotrienes are synthesized by different cells, including eosinophils, neutrophils, basophils, lymphocytes, macrophages, and mast cells. Cysteinyl leukotrienes (LTC4, LTD4, and LTE4) are the most important leukotrienes in the pathogenesis of asthma. Pharmacologically, there are two different ways of blocking the action of leukotrienes: inhibiting their production by blocking 5‐lipoxygenase or its activating protein, 5‐lipoxygenase‐activating protein (FLAP), (inhibitors) or by blocking their receptors (antagonists). The available antagonists are, for the moment, directed against the one receptor demonstrated to play a role in asthma symptoms, CysLT1, and they act in a competitive way. The only marketed 5‐lipoxygenase inhibitor is zileuton (Zyflo™). CysLT1 antagonists, currently on the pharmaceutical market in some countries, are zafirlukast (Accolate™), pranlukast (Ultair™, Onon™), and montelukast (Singulair™). Undoubtedly, drugs acting on leukotrienes constitute a new pharmacologic class in the therapeutic armamentarium for the management of asthma. From the pediatric point of view, montelukast is currently the most interesting drug of the group to date because of published trials in patients as young as 6 yr of age. At present, zafirlukast is only approved for use in patients 12 yr of age and older, although we understand that applications are likely to extend the age range into childhood shortly. However, more experience is necessary to establish a definite place for montelukast in the step‐by‐step asthma treatment. New comparative studies (with sodium cromoglycate and inhaled steroids), which will probably be published in the near future, as well as studies on the use of montelukast in the treatment of children under 6 yr of age will add crucial information to our knowledge, and help to identify an appropriate use in the therapeutic algorithm. Montelukast will not be a substitute for inhaled corticosteroids or β‐agonists, although it may act as a 'sparing drug' (which might help tapering of steroids in some instances). Its role in exercise‐induced asthma seems promising. Although its more widespread use could highlight low‐frequency adverse effects, its apparent excellent tolerability is an additional advantage for the drug. Patients' preference for a twice‐daily dosage over the inhaled medication, resulting in a better compliance, is relatively well established, at least for zafirlukast in adults, and these findings can probably be extended to montelukast, which only requires once‐daily dosing in children.


The aims of the study are to: (1) explore further the short‐ and long‐term flexibility in normal speech kinematics, and (2) identify relatively stable temporal characteristics that could function as appropriate experimental and control group comparative parameters. Movements of the tongue, lips, and jaw were transduced by electromagnetic midsagittal articulography. A single session included 20 perceptually fluent repetitions of /pap/, /tat/, and /sas/ imbedded in a carrier phrase at normal, slow, and fast speech rates. Seven stutterers and matched controls completed three sessions at 2‐week intervals. Reported here are across session comparisons of temporal ordering and relative timing for bilabial closure at normal rates. The prevalence and stability of the sequence pattern is dependent upon interarticulator relative time. Four control subjects and two stutterers showed idiosyncratic but stable temporal organizational characteristics within and across sessions. However, three of the controls and five of ...


Sevoflurane is a newer inhalant anesthetic characterized by cardiovascular stability similar to isoflurane but which produces smoother recoveries than are seen with isoflurane. Depth of anesthesia can be rapidly adjusted, which makes it useful for high-risk cases. Practitioners are often reluctant to change anesthetic agents because this may require adjustments with which they are not familiar. The purpose of this article is to outline the specific steps for using sevoflurane in adult horses, as well as the benefits of using a newer, more expensive agent. Author's address: Department of Small Animal Medicine and Surgery, Texas A & M University, College Station, TX 778434474. © 2001 AAEP.


Over the last couple of decades the use of air conditioning has become a requirement to obtain comfortable indoor environment, especially in buildings located in a geographical location with warm and humid climate, but air- conditioning does not necessarily respond to local consideration of thermal comfort, as a result, occupants feel uncomfortable. One of the main purposes of buildings was to provide healthy and comfortable environments; a poor design of thermal environment affects occupant habitability, causing effects on physical and mental performance. Field studies of the indoor environment in office buildings have proved that the indoor environmental quality was related with many Sick Building Syndrome symptoms (SBS). The objective of this research was to determine the effect of temperature in health problems, and identified the frequency of SBS symptoms in air- conditioned offices located in Colima City, Mexico. The method was based on the collection of weather data and subjective responses in a questionnaire. A total of 414 questionnaires were collected during October 2010 to April 2011in a transversal field study. According to the results, 70% of the occupants presented at least one symptom, the most common problems were: eye irritation, sore throat irritation, runny nose and dry skin.


Abstract Hydrodynamic forces on a submerged cylinder in uniform finite depth ice-covered water is formulated by using the method of multipoles, the ice-cover being modelled as an elastic plate of very small thickness. The forces (vertical and horizontal) are obtained analytically as well as numerically and depicted graphically for various values of flexural rigidity of the ice-cover to show the effect of its presence. When the flexural rigidity and surface density of the ice-cover are taken to be zero, then the curves for the forces almost coincide with the curves for the case of uniform finite depth water with free surface.


Recent studies done by Benkler, Lessig, Boyle, Hess and Ostrom look at the concept of commons again however, this time in relation to information in general more specifically to scientific information. In this study, we focused on the cooperative character of scientific research, the importance of transparency and neutrality to access the scientific commons. The concept of commons is highly useful to focus on every scientific article that has already been published in print or digitally. This allows studies through several multidisciplines and finally emphasizes the dynamic of scientific communities around the world. In each commons of information, the higher the distribution of knowledge, the more dynamic and efficient the process of the evolution of this information. Technology of the press has been key in the divulging of information and its expansion marked a revolution in knowledge and culture in our civilization. Digital technology has shown more efficiency. Its implementation into bits is closer to the non-rival nature of the ideas than other technologies used to preserve it and used to distribute information. In our work, we realized that the science of commons should be enriched through cooperative practices and open access to scientific results. We also realized that digital technology in scientific commons improves distribution of scholarly knowledge and the dynamic evolution of scientific ideas so the science development should be even more efficient and faster. The digital revolution has been used to create a free environment of circulation of ideas and it has also been used to control certain things. On one side, computational code has been implemented to allow access just for people who pay for the service. On the other hand, online journals publishing and other alternative forms of disseminating scientific knowledge have been proliferated. The decreasing budget of libraries, the increasing cost of journal subscriptions and the increasing restrictions applied by intellectual property has enclosed the free nature of scientific ideas and it has put Scholarly Communication into a crisis. We are in the middle of a transitional phase, where legal, technological, social and economic aspects of scientific publishing have being renegotiated. We inserted our analyses in a larger context, the Scholarly Communication paradigm. This supports a larger study about the complex questions of our subject, analyzing the technological, legal, social and economic aspects of a possible transition to the open access publishing model. This new publishing model is so interesting that some initiatives have started social movements pertaining to it. Nowadays, there are many tests and publishing models especially in this line of work. We focused on the open access model in scientific results, its advantages, the difficulties of its establishment and how it has been developed. Finally, we propose that the creation of an open access digital libraries ecosystem specialized in every scientific field. Our staring models are services such as: arXiv, CiteSeer and Google Scholar. Among our conclusions, we have realized that following this models stated above, digital libraries can enhance the dynamic of circulation, generation, transformation and renovation of the scientific knowledge.


The present invention provides genetic identification and use information about a family of genes, the FLOWERING LOCUSC (FLC) genes, that is part of the regulate the timing of the onset of flowering in plants. This information enables creation of transgenic plants in which the timing of the flowering of the plants has been selectively altered. Since these genes natively act to delay the time of flowering in plants, enhancing activity of the FLC protein delays the timing of flowering initiation while inhibiting the activity of FLC advances the timing of the start of flowering. A representative number of samples of the gene family are described. Members of the gene family are demonstrated to work in other plant species as well.


OBJECTIVE
To investigate the outcomes of live donor renal transplantation.

METHODS
The clinical data of 153 patients who had undergone live donor kidney transplantation in our center from March 1999 to July 2008 were collected and retrospectively analyzed.

RESULTS
Delayed graft function (DGF) occurred in 8 patients, among whom 5 cases of DGF were successfully reversed by conservative treatment, 2 recipients died of refractory rejection and cardiac infraction, and 1 graft was resected because of severe infection. Eight recipients died of infection, cardiovascular events, and cerebral events soon after transplantation. All the 153 patients were followed up, and the 6-month, 1-year, 3-year, and 5-year survival number (and rates) were 139 (96.7% and 98.7%), 114 (94.7% and 98.7%), 62 (90.1% and 96.7%), and 36 (83.5% and 94.7%), respectively.

CONCLUSION
Live donor kidney transplantation plays an important role in the management of end stage renal disease, with satisfactory outcomes.


A second heat-fusible substance having a stable pharmaceutical sex active substance and combine the low melting point a zero first heat Centrifuge the mixture containing the molten material by heating in the solvent member granulated, and the resulting granules than the first melting point of the heat-fusible material, heating method of producing a coating composition containing a pharmaceutically active substance stable - the, heat, characterized in that the coating under heating by using a coating material.