This study aims to determine the influence of visual merchandising and store atmosphere against impulse buying on the visitors of Matahari Department Store at City of Tomorrow, Surabaya. The method used is explanatory research; the data are collected through questionnaires and documentation. Those are analyzed using multiple linear regression statistical methods. The results of data analysis showed that the better visual merchandising and store atmosphere, the more it will increase impulse purchasing on consumers. Test hypothesis states that the visual merchandising and store atmosphere significantly influence consumers impulse buying in Matahari Department Store City of Tomorrow Surabaya. Visual merchandising is realized by a variety of stimuli, such as the arrangement of the product, the selection of beautiful colors for the outlets, lighting inside the store will make consumers comfortable shopping, which can result in unplanned purchases. Atmospheric stores increases the likelihood of impulsive behavior. Atmosphere fun and interesting stores can stimulate the purchase of the response of a sudden, so consumers tend to buy things without planned because of the atmosphere of interesting shops.


Imagine you are a social network user who wants to search, in a list of potential candidates, for the best candidate for a job on the basis of their PageRank-induced importance ranking. Is it possible to compute this ranking for a low cost, by visiting only small subnetworks around the nodes that represent each candidate? The fundamental problem underpinning this question, i.e. computing locally the PageRank ranking of k nodes in an $n$-node graph, was first raised by Chen et al. (CIKM 2004) and then restated by Bar-Yossef and Mashiach (CIKM 2008). In this paper we formalize and provide the first analysis of the problem, proving that any local algorithm that computes a correct ranking must take into consideration Ω(√(kn)) nodes -- even when ranking the top $k$ nodes of the graph, even if their PageRank scores are "well separated", and even if the algorithm is randomized (and we prove a stronger Ω(n) bound for deterministic algorithms). Experiments carried out on large, publicly available crawls of the web and of a social network show that also in practice the fraction of the graph to be visited to compute the ranking may be considerable, both for algorithms that are always correct and for algorithms that employ (efficient) local score approximations.


the national culture is the source of the incessant cultural force in a country, and to discern, study, and demonstrate city cultural characteristics are a fundamentally important topic in the exploration of urbanization passage with Chinese characteristics. Nantong city was born and developed by the peculiar river-and-sea culture, whose extraordinary representative Zhang Jian constructed this first city in modern Chinese history, making the splendid achievement which attracts world wide attention. To obtain further development in the new millennium Nantong should enhance her awareness of cultural consciousness, display her own peculiar city culture, inherit her historic culture, and make more splendid achievements.


We study the high-temperature phase of SU(2) and SU(3) QCD using lattice simulations of an effective 3-dimensional SU(N) + adjoint Higgs-theory, obtained through dimensional reduction. We investigate the phase diagram of the 3D theory, and find that the high-T QCD phase corresponds to the metastable symmetric phase of the 3D theory. We measure the Debye screening mass mD with gauge invariant operators; in particular we determine the O(g 2) and O(g 3) corrections to mD. The corrections are seen to be large, modifying the standard power-counting hierarchy in high temperature QCD. The Debye mass (inverse screening length of color electric fields) characterizes the coherent static interactions in QCD plasma, and its numerical value is essential for phenomenological discussion of the physics of the QCD plasma. For SU(N) QCD, N = 2, 3, with N f massless quarks, the Debye mass can be expanded at high temperatures in a power series in the coupling g:


Abstract : The study made in the USSR, is a report on plant diseases which effect fruit trees. Protective measures, classification, and identification are given.


T) dependence of the critical current I, may be altered substantially by changes in the heat transfer to liquid helium. The I, (T) behavior found under single-pulse conditions is not affected by heat evolution in the interior or at the contacts. This behavior agrees well with the Ambegaokar-Baratoff equation for the Josephson current at temperatures up to TS 0.9Tc, where T, is the critical temperature. This agreement proves that the switching events on the voltage-current characteristic are of a multiple tunneling nature. The I, (T) behavior has been studied in detail for various samples. The nature of reentrant superconductivity, observed previously [T. H. Lin et


Introduction: Use of lunar and Martian regolith for in situ production of construction materials would decrease the amount of materials transported from Earth in exploration missions. One promising approach involves mixing regolith with energetic additives that can react either between each other or with the regolith, leading to the formation of sufficiently strong materials. Several research teams studied use of aluminum (Al) as such an additive [1-4]. Combustion with Al, however, requires significant preheating of the mixture [1], adding ilmenite as the oxidizer for Al [2, 3], or adding polytetrafluoroethylene as an activating agent [4]. The present paper summarizes the results obtained with another additive – magnesium (Mg). The studies on combustion of lunar and Martian regolith simulants with Mg were conducted in 2010-2015 at the University of Texas at El Paso and the results were published in journal articles [5-9]. Thermodynamic calculations: Thermodynamic calculations have shown that mixtures of lunar and Martian regolith simulants (JSC-1A, JSC-Mars-1A, and Mojave Mars) with Mg exhibit higher adiabatic flame temperatures than their mixtures with Al (at the same metal concentration). Combustion experiments: Combustion experiments in normal and reduced gravity have shown that mixtures of all three simulants with Mg ignite with no need for preheating or adding reactants, leading to a steady (Figs. 1-3) or spinning propagation of the combustion wave over the pellet at relatively low concentrations of Mg. Further, use of SHS compaction (quasiisostatic pressing immediately after combustion) for JSC-1A/Mg mixtures has enabled fabrication of products that are stronger than common bricks.


Background. Malignant neoplasms present one of the most serious chapters of morbidity, mortality, and the overall perspective of the health status of Czech population. Malignant neoplasms have been registered in the Czech Republic since the end of the 1950s. Guarantor of the all-state registry is the Institute of Health Information and Statistics of the Czech Republic (IHIS CR), and conceptual and methodological steering is performed by the Council of the Czech Cancer Registry. The five most frequently diagnoses in Czech males and seven most frequently diagnoses in Czech females were followed during the last 20 years. The most frequent malignant neoplasm in Czech women is breast cancer. Conclusions. The incidence of this cancer has increased by 75% during the studied period. During the year 2001, three pilot studies of preventive mammography screening were done in the country. One case of asymptomatic breast cancer in the study costs 80,000 K‹ (in reality it was 120,000 K‹). These costs are markedly lower than the combined therapy of advanced stages of breast cancer.


A historian who undertakes to tell his readers what happened is under no obligation to tell them also what could or should have happened, and they may prefer to make up their own minds about that. Thucydides is notably sparing of personal judgements on political and military choice, the significance of an item in a causal sequence, or moral implications. His fullest expression of opinion on a military decision is in vii. 42. 3, where he comments in parenthesis on the view taken by Demothenes of the situation which he found at Syracuse on arrival with the Athenian reinforcements. That we are concerned here with Thucydides' own opinion, not simply with Demosthenes', is clear from the finite tenses used throughout the parenthesis; compare viii. 96. 4, where Thucydides dwells on what would have happened if the Peloponnesian fleet in 411 had gone straight for the Piraeus, and contrast the parenthesis ού γἁρ ἃν τὁν ἒκπλουν έπιβουλεῦσαι (vii. 51. 1), in a statement of Syracusan plans. Given that when he wrote vii. 42. 3 Thucydides believed that Nicias and Lamachus ought to have embarked on the investment of Syracuse in the autumn of 415, it seems that he then thought their anxiety over lack of cavalry unjustified. Why did he not say so in vi. 70. 3–71. 2? Again, it is a fair inference from vii. 42. 3 that he then thought Lamachus' proposal for immediate attack the best of the alternatives discussed by the Athenian generals at Rhegium (vi. 47–51). Perhaps—whatever the order in which he wrote the passages concerned—he changed his mind (cf. p. 15). The principle on which he selected points for comment on what might have been is not intelligible to us; it seems that having made his selection of data for presentation, as it were, in the indicative, he left it to us, for the most part, to construct our own unfulfilled conditionals. This is sometimes easy (e.g. vii. 50. 4).


Abstract : The goal of this project is to research and develop a neural geometric engine for rapidly determining geometric relations between parts of a scene from sensor images. The subject of building a spatio-geometric and kinetic model of file scene from images was considered "image understanding" or "early vision" in artificial intelligence research. The approach we have taken to spatio-geometric modeling of the scene is a smart sensor approach. It is fundamentally different from the current art. The novel neural computing system is based on Lie group model of neural processing in primate's visual cortex. Termed "information processing" approach to vision by David Marr, the pioneer of computational vision research, the current art of early vision is build upon the concept that the spatio-geometric information can be extracted by processing the image data, and the process can be formed as a computer algorithm. While the term "information processing approach" sounds very general, it does lead to a specific method of algorithm design. Particularly, it was suggested that in order to determine the changes (motion, binocular disparity, geometric distortion) in images and to further infer the scene geometry and motion, or register images, the first step should be to determine how a point on the image plane is moved to another place. It was further suggested that a process of feature detection followed by feature matching will do the job. All the spatio-geometric information are considered directly or indirectly derived from feature matching. (KAR)


ABSTRACT Although Nigeria has a long history of alcohol production and consumption, recent increase in availability and marketing of alcohol is correlated with heavy drinking and associated health and social problems. Responses to alcohol consumption and related problems have been tepid due to lack of written policy, poor implementation of existing control measures and subversion of regulation by alcohol companies. Efforts should be made to codify evidence-based control measures into policy and to strengthen political commitment towards their implementation. Early identification and intervention on alcohol problems should be integrated into the primary healthcare system and health workers should be trained in screening and intervention in alcohol problems. Furthermore, access to treatment for alcohol use disorder should be improved through the establishment, staffing and equipping of more mental health facilities throughout the country.


Tirtasani Estate doesn't have communal wastewater treatment which makes the water polluted. To solve those problems, the writer intended to design wastewater treatment plant.  This thesis aimed to (1) find the waswater discharge (2) design the wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) system (3) estimate the cost of WWTP manufacturing.The data needed for this design were the map of the housing, Tirtasani estate's topographic map, Work Unit Price of Malang District 2018. The data were obtained from site surveys.The design resulted in (1) 85.6 m3 / day wastwater discharge (2) wastewater discharge made into f 4" wastewater pipe; 3 unit of 30 m3 WWTP tank with Anaerobic aerobic system ; 3.25 m x 9.5 m x 3.5 m  WWTP structure. Keywords: communal, design, WWTP


This paper presents a new class of sharp-selectivity low-temperature superconducting filter that incorporates lumped element resonant couplings. Dependent on a novel synthesis approach, the proposed filter exhibits great advantages such as: (1) a very simple in-line topology (without any cross coupling), (2) extremely compact size based on lumped inductor-capacitor (LC) elements, and (3) multiple transmission zeros (TZs) independently generated and controlled (via each resonant coupling). To facilitate the physical implementation, a group of lumped element circuit models are detailed, where series LC units are adopted for both the resonators and the resonant couplings. Considering an in-line topology here, the entire filter layout is then designed by cascading the lumped models one after another. For verification, a 5th-order bandpass filter centered at 5 GHz, with 500 MHz bandwidth and 3 TZs, is designed, simulated, and tested at cryogenic temperature (4.2 K). Moreover, preliminary simulations of the presented filter in series with an on-chip rapid single-flux-quantum microwave pulse generator are discussed for superconducting quantum applications.


This paper assesses the environmental impact of pilot-scale wood fibre production across a range of refining pressures using energy monitoring at an individual component level. Under optimal refining conditions (8 bar refining pressure; 15 µm plate gap width), electricity use accounted for 88% of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions associated with the fibre production, and was the dominant input in almost all other impact categories. At an individual component level, the refiner, dryer fan and hot oil burner were the most significant parts of the process (representing 30, 20 and 16% of cradle-to-gate GHGs, respectively), while ancillary processes such as the air compressor (6.9%) and dust extraction (6.3%) also made notable contributions. The analysis suggests that energy efficiencies made with these key components may offer the best potential gains in terms of the environmental profile of pressurised refining, as long as these can be achieved without compromising yield or quality of the fibre produced.


Anthropogenic disturbances, mainly in the form of drainage (for agriculture and forestry) and peat extraction, result in increased CO 2 and nitrous oxide (N 2 O) emissions, and reduced CH 4 emissions. To mitigate emissions from peatlands two actions are required: avoid new or recurrent drainage, and reduce emissions from existing drained areas. To provide better climate policy instruments involving peat soils, basic information on the peatland resource and associated properties are required.


Although anthropogenic mercury (Hg) releases to the environment have been substantially lowered in the United States and Canada since 1990, concerns remain for contamination in fish from remote lakes and rivers where atmospheric deposition is the predominant source of mercury. How have aquatic ecosystems responded? We report on one of the longest known multimedia data sets for mercury in atmospheric deposition: aqueous total mercury (THgaq), methylmercury (MeHgaq), and sulfate from epilimnetic lake-water samples from four lakes in Voyageurs National Park (VNP) in northern Minnesota; and total mercury (THg) in aquatic biota from the same lakes from 2001–2018. Wet Hg deposition at two regional Mercury Deposition Network sites (Fernberg and Marcell, Minnesota) decreased by an average of 22 percent from 1998–2018; much of the decreases occurred prior to 2009, with relatively flat trends since 2009. In the four VNP lakes, epilimnetic MeHgaq concentrations declined by an average of 44 percent and THgaq by an average of 27 percent. For the three lakes with long-term biomonitoring, temporal patterns in biotic THg concentrations were similar to patterns in MeHgaq concentrations; however, biotic THg concentrations declined significantly in only one lake. Epilimnetic MeHgaq may be responding both to a decline in atmospheric Hg deposition as well as a decline in sulfate deposition, which is an important driver of mercury methylation in the environment. Results from this case study suggest that regional- to continental-scale decreases in both mercury and sulfate emissions have benefitted aquatic resources, even in the face of global increases in mercury emissions.


Objective: to evaluate the efficiency of surgical treatment and the quality of life (QL) in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and elbow damage. Subjects and methods. Fifty-three patients who had undergone elbow synovectomy and debridement were examined 11±5.2 years postoper atively. Clinical and X-ray studies of the operated joint were conducted and its function and QL were assessed using the Mayo Elbow Score, Oxford Elbow Score, HAQ, and EQ-5D. Results. A control examination revealed the larger volume of elbow movements than that preoperatively. The preoperative and postoperative flexion of the elbow was 96.3±21.6 and 127.5±11.7° , respectively (p ≤ 0.05) and its extension was 37.1±8.7 and 17.3±6.9° , (p ≤ 0.05). According to the Mayo Elbow Score and Oxford Elbow Score, there was joint function improvement in the late periods. The mean Mayo index score preoperatively was 25.0±14.5 and the mean score postoperatively was 79.4±6.4. The mean preoperative and postoperative Oxford index scores were 13.8±4.8 and 32.2±8.6, respectively (p ≤ 0.05). The mean HAQ index score preoperatively was high (2.36±0.56). Postoperatively, there was substantial functional improvement in patients with a reduction in HAQ score to 1.67±0.22; the difference in the scores being 0.69 before and after treatment, which corresponded to the significant positive effect of therapy (at least 50% clinical improvement according to the American College of Rheumatology (ACR) criteria). The preoperative and postoperative EQ-5D scores were 019±0.028 and 0.53±0.07, respectively; the Δ EQ-5D score being equal to 0.34, which was indicative of a marked QL improvement in patients after surgical treatment (70% clinical improvement according to the ACR criteria). In the late postoperative period, pain in the affected elbow was reduced by almost twice: according to the visual analogue scale it was 73.8 and 40.6 mm preoperatively and postoperatively, respectively (p≤0.01). Analysis of some EQ-5D scales revealed that there was postoperative psychoemotional improvement; the patients had virtually no difficulty with self-care and day-to-day activity. Conclusion. Synovectomy with debridement and resection of the radial head causes pain relief, a larger volume of movements, improved function and QL in patients with RA in the late postoperative period.


Background: During Covid pandemic the teaching/learning shifted from face to face to online. All institutions around the world developed learning environment for the students to facilitate distant learning. Subsequently assessments also followed online. After opening of the institutions on campus learning and assessments were carried out as usual. Objective: To see the effectiveness of teaching methods (online versus on campus) and to suggest improvement in both methods of teaching. Study Design: Retrospective comparative study Place and Duration of Study: Hitec-IMS, Taxila Pakistan from 1st September 2021 to 29th February 2022. Methodology: One hundred and ninety six academic performances of students in both the methods of learning were enrolled. Using purposive sampling technique, the EOB results of online and on campus were analyzed. Results: The better performance of student in term of summative assessments during online learning. Conclusion: Students found online environment better for learning and performing during examinations. Keywords: HITEC-IMS (Hitec Institute of Medical Sciences), NUMS (National University of Medical Sciences), EOB (end of block)


Ryan McGee MUS 274 | Winter 2010 Introduction Visual space has been accepted as an analog to musical pitch [1]. The most obvious example of this relationship may be reading a musical score. As the positions of the notes move vertically up or down over time, the musician responds by playing pitches of ascending or descending frequency. Now, consider auditory space. In traditional music scores there may be placement of the performers, but there is no notation or consideration for the spatialization of sound. However, spatialization is a dimension used heavily by composers of computer and electronic music. If visual space relates to musical pitch, then what is a visual representation for auditory space? Do visual spatial movements relate to auditory space as well as these movements relate to pitch? Does visual color relate to pitch as strongly as visual space? Answers to these questions are not only relevant to music but also impact the fields of sonification and visual music.


Tests of forty materials during several seasons in an effort to discover an efficient stomach poison for the tobacco hornworm moths, Phlegethontius sexta Joh. and P. quinquemaculata Haw., have revealed that a 5 per cent solution of tartar emetic is an effective and satisfactory poison when used in conjunction with isoamyl salicylate as an attractant. Large-scale field experiments have been conducted for three successive seasons with promising results. The latest type of moth feeder developed is illustrated.


In this study we explore the issue of the core components for an introductory survey course in private security. Using Hirsh's (1987) conceptual framework of cultural literacy, we question whether there is a body of knowledge considered central to security education by academics and practitioners. Data were drawn from three sources. The first involved benchmarking existing and available introductory textbooks in security. The second source of data was a large national sample of more than 5,600 security managers and directors representing various organizations, including Fortune 1,000 companies. We asked security professionals to identify the important topic areas or subjects that constitute the core of private security course work in the undergraduate program. Respondents ranked the importance of various security-related subjects. The third data source was the proceedings of a two-day symposium of academics and practitioners. The participants met in focus groups and used Delphi technique to design an introductory survey course in security. Findings suggest that while there is a fairly high degree of consensus on topics relating to the physical and procedural aspects of security, there is less agreement on the conceptual and methodological components of security education.


Abstract From 2000 to 2002, male patients at a Canadian cancer treatment center with new-incident head-and-neck or esophageal cancers were invited to participate in a population- basedstudy. The study population included 87 cases and 172 controls. A lifetime-history questionnaire was administered. Odds ratios (ORs) were calculated for occupational groups with a minimum of five cases, adjusted for duration of employment, age, smoking, alcohol, education, and income. A significantly increased risk was shown for construction workers (OR = 2.20; 95% CI 1.25–3.91). This investigation ofa set of rare cancers over a limited time period demonstrates the feasibility of this research approach. The increased risk among construction workers supports the need for more comprehensive study of exposures in this occupational group.


The objective of this investigation was to obtain exploratory data regarding the innovative attitude and to propose different ways in which the University can promote this attitude. In order to do so, 149 first year students majoring in Psychology in 2013 – 2014 filled a questionnaire. In addition, a theoretical review was made about the topic, basing the review fundamentally in the Theory of Planned Behavior and the Innovative Attitude Model, which proposes the existence of three important influential aspects in La actitud innovadoraen la Universidad 2 the innovative attitude. Data showed high scores in the global score of innovative attitude as well as in the specific scores regarding the three different aspects.


Objective:To observe the traditional-western combined treatment on IL-6,IL-8 and TNF-α in ventilator-associated pheumonia(VAP) patients. Methods:52 patients were randomly divided into the traditional-western combined treatment group(26 cases) and the western treatment control group(26 cases). Patients in the traditional-western combined treatment group were differentiated into the phlegm-heat obstructing syndrome and the phlegm-damp stagnating lung syndrome. Some variations were observed including IL-6,IL-8 and TNF-α before and after treatment. Results:After being given those therapies,these indices including IL-6,IL-8 and TNF-α were decreased obviously. Moreover,these reductions in the treatment group were more significant than those of the control group. Conclusion:These levels including IL-6,IL-8 and TNF-α of VAP could be reduced remarkably by the traditional-western combined treatment. Also,this treatment could alleviate the inflammatory response and increase the clinical effect.


Angiomyolipomas (AML) are benign mesenchymal tumours. It is commonly seen in the kidney. Extra-renal sites of AML are uncommon though it can occur in any part of the body. Reports of cutaneous AML are rare in the literature. We present a case of an 11-year-old female with a polypoidal swelling on the nose that was noticed a few weeks after birth, which progressively increased in size till it was causing nasal blockage. This cutaneous lesion is different from a renal angiomyolipoma because it lacks features of tuberous sclerosis, non-invasive, absence of epithelioid cells and negative HMB-45 staining. Histopathology shows a mixture of blood vessels, mature adipocytes and smooth muscle. These unique features distinguish this lesion from other possible differentials such as angiomyoma and myolipoma. Histopathology and immunohistochemistry confirm the swelling as angiomyolipoma of the nose. We concluded that histopathology and immunohistochemistry are important diagnostic tools for cutaneous AML irrespective of gender, age of onset and site of lesion.


We compared the accuracies of two genomic-selection prediction methods as affected by marker density and quantitative trait locus (QTL) number. Methods used to derive genomic estimated breeding values (GEBV) were best linear unbiased prediction (BLUP) and a Bayesian (Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator). In this study the genome comprised one chromosome of 100 cm. Also considering the number of markers 100, 200 and 500 and the number of QTLs 4, 10, 20 and 40 and heritability of 5, 10 and 25 percent were compared.. In all scenarios Bayesian was more accurate than BLUP, also increasing the number of QTLs, the evaluation accuracy decreases slightly which this reduction is greater in the lower heritability.


There are no mature technologies currently available for tunable propulsion and precise attitude control for picosats without sacrificing a substantial mass fraction of the spacecraft. Although MEMS-based liquid and solid chemical as well as electric thrusters have been developed previously, the miniaturization of the valve and power processing components remains a significant challenge. Here we present development and demonstration of the microscale tunable thermal valve for micropropulsion and thermal control aimed at achieving extremely small system size down to less than 1/100 U. This paper reports a miniaturized thruster for nano, pico, and femto class space vehicle propulsion and thermal control which can be contained within as small as 2 cm volume including 1 gram of propellant. Electrical requirements can be 5 Volts or less with power draw in the tens to hundreds of milliwatts. The film-evaporation concept exploits the microscale effects of fluid surface tension and hydrophobicity and heat transfer enabled by advanced microfabrication techniques to improve the system size as well as the thrust-to-power performance.


The present invention relates to a pixel, a stereoscopic image display device using the same, and a driving method thereof. Specifically, the stereoscopic image display device comprises; a display panel including multiple pixels which emit light at the same time according to multiple first image data signals of one frame; a scanning driving unit, a gate driving unit which transfers an initialization control signal, a compensation control signal, and a light emitting control signal to each of the multiple pixels; a data driving unit which transfers a second image data signal which has a different view point with the first image data signal to each of the multiple pixels; and a control unit. The one frame comprises; a first period which initializes a data voltage radiated to a previous frame in each of pixels; a second period which transfers the data voltage according to the first image data signal recorded in the previous frame and compensates a threshold voltage of a driving transistor of each of the pixels; a third period in which the data voltage according to the second image data signal is sequentially recorded in the each of the pixels; and a fourth period in which each of the pixels emit light at the same time in response to the data voltage according to the first image data signal. The fourth period is a period which is longer than or equal to the third period. [Reference numerals] (20) Scanning driving unit; (30) Data driving unit; (40) Gate driving unit; (50) Control unit; (60) Power supply unit


Over the last decades, the social context has been characterized by uncertainty, complexity, and inequalities, with significant impacts on people, groups, and communities. Covid-19 Pandemic has accentuated social discriminations, as inequalities affecting women (World Health Organization, 2018), with repercussions on general income, health, education (Office for National Statistics, 2021) that have been exhausting people, the economic system, and the welfare state (Antonicelli et al., 2020). To cope with these difficulties, on april 10, 2020 the Italian Prime Minister appointed a Task Force of 17 experts with scientific and applicative skills in social and economic fields. Within a short time, the Task Force aimed at identifying practical solutions priming the relaunch of the country. Given the women's central role in the country's social and economic development, in the final version of the Task Force plan, Gender Equality was indicated as the third—strategic and innovative—axis, together with Digitization and Green Economy. Its rationale was to promote gender equality in every action, with an allocation of dedicated economic resources. Specifically, the Task Force's Working Group named "Individuals, Families, and Society" proposed specific initiatives aimed at recognizing and bridging the gender gaps in the various areas, and measures to support vulnerable people. This contribution will focus on the central role that the Task Force has played in encouraging systematic attention to women, considering their needs and the social-economic impacts on their choices and well-being. It will illustrate the Task Force's internal dynamics (there were four women out of 17 people, then increased), the process of inclusion of different perspectives, both gender and multidisciplinary, and the practices suggested for the post-pandemic rebuilding. The final goal will be to show the inability to promote innovation, resilience and sustainability, without working with and for the community. As shown by the Italian Task Force, an innovative change must consider a multiplicity of perspectives that reflects the complexity of reality, even in the political and decision-making debate. Therefore, it's central to build multidisciplinary teams that include various professionals from the social sectors, as Social Psychology, Sociology, Pedagogy, Political Philosophy, Demography, and Social Statistics, both women and men.


Commentary on Domschke, et al., Magnetoencephalographic correlates of emotionalprocessing in major depression before and after pharmacological treatment.

Understanding the therapeutic effects of psychotropic medication has typically been approached, reasonably enough, with an analysis of the effects on brain chemistry. For example, the effective antidepressant mirtazapine is thought to affect both norepinephrine and serotonin neuromodulators, both of which are important to mood disorders such as major depression.

However, understanding the full neuropsychopharmacology of a therapeutic agent requires an analysis of the multiple levels of neural self-regulation that are involved in the disorder and that are affected by the drug. It has long been apparent that if the mechanism of drug action were simply a correction of a biochemical imbalance, then the therapeutic effect would be rapid, limited only by the pharmacokinetics (Cooper et al., 2002). Instead, antidepressants typically require weeks of continued administration before they achieve a therapeutic effect.

Although the complexity of drug action is familiar to most psychopathology researchers, clinicians are typically provided with only a superficial training on the neurophysiological and neuropsychological mechanisms for both psychopathology itself and the therapeutic effects of drugs. The result of this limited training is that a patient with depression, for example, is often told by the physician they have a "biochemical imbalance" that will be corrected by drug therapy.

Not only is this explanation scientifically incorrect, …


The mechanisms of nanosecond microwave-driven discharges near a dielectric/vacuum interface were studied by measuring the time- and space-dependent optical emissions and pulse waveforms. The experimental observations indicate multipactor and plasma developing in a thin layer of several millimeters above interface. The emission brightness increases significantly after main pulse, but emission region widens little. The mechanisms are studied by analysis and simulation, revealing intense ionization concentrated in a desorbed high-pressure layer, leading to a bright light layer above surface; the lower-voltage tail after main pulse contributes to heat electron energy tails closer to excitation cross section peaks, resulting in brighter emission.


Our paper aims to look at accounting impact on the systems of Romanian corporate governance. The purpose is aligned to discover research leads at the intersection of corporate governance and financial accounting. The hypothesis is that the corporate governance is influenced by accounting policies monitored by internal control. The empirical study focus on several points: (i) concepts and specific terms; (ii) elements to be considered in establishment of accounting policies; (iii) change and remodelling of accounting policies; (iv) the influence of enterprise accounting policies on indicators level. We present the role of accounting policies to generate futures economic benefices and the intricacy of accounting valuation. We conclude about the process configuration and modelling accounting policies in terms of business engineering.


Objective To compare the comprehension monitoring in reading between students with and without hearing impairment.Methods An error detection paradigm and an eye-movement recordings method were used in two samples of hearing impairment students and no-hearing impairment students with passages that contained inconsistencies with interval 2 sentences, 4 sentences, 6 sentences and 8sentences. Results The scores of reading comprehension, the index of tradition monitoring and the index of eye movement were lower in the hearing impairment students than in the no- hearing impairment students(P0.05). Conclusion The comprehension monitoring ability in reading is poor in the hearing impairment students.


Most penaeid shrimp seem to be more or less euryha line during their juvenile life by nature and gradually become stenohaline as they become adults . There fore, the juvenile and adult shrimp are physiologically adapted to somewhat different salinity and temperature conditions. There have been some reports that dealt with the aspect of some penaeid shrimps with special reference to salinity and temperature preference during their growth1,2). However, investigations in regard to osmoregulation of P. japonicas have been seldom reported. In order to examine osmoregulation of P. japonicus during growth, the osmoconcentration of hemolymph in various size of the shrimp acclimatized to a certain environmental condition was measured in the present study. The test animals, less than 30g (cultured) were ob tained from the Mariculture Center of Kagoshima Pref. Fish. Res. St., and larger animals (wild) were taken from the Shiranui Sea. The selected animals for the measurement, ranged from 0.4g to 110g in weight, were reared in a 2 m3 concrete tank for 7 days to ac climatize to the tank water. The tank was supplied with running sea water at about 5 changes a day, and the water was partially recirculated by an air-lift. During the experiment, the water temperature and salinity ranged 26.7•}1.0•Ž and 30.6•}0.4•ñ, respec tively. The osmotic concentration of sea water ranged 900-930mOs/kg during the measurement. The os motic concentration primarily consists of salinity, and therefore the osmolarity of sea water can be roughly calculated by the following linear regression; Osmolarity(mOs/kg)=32.89•~S(•ñ)-86.83*3 (r=0.997) After 7 days acclimation, the hemolymph of each test animal was taken from heart. Being immediately wetted by each hemolymph, sampling paper discs (5mm in dia.) were subjected one after another to osmocon centration determination with an osomometer (Model 5100 Vapor Pressure Osmometer, Wescor Inc., USA). As shown in Fig. 1, the osmoconcentration of the hemolymph increases remarkably with the size of the shrimp. The concentration in shrimp less than 1.0g was 777.3•}4.3mOs/kg in average, while it showed to be 904.1•}9.1mOs/kg for the shrimp weighing over 50g. Among 15 animals which weighed over 50g, the hemolymphic osmoconcentration of 3 animals showed hyperosomotic to the environment while one showed isosmotic. Osmotic concentration of sea water when the animals were taken from the tank was 912 mOs/kg.


This paper will focus on the various and ubiquitous uses of silicon-germanium (SiGe) in high-performance silicon-based semiconductor technology. SiGe can now qualify as a "mature" technology - it is almost 20 years since the first SiGe HBT work. It is 10 years since the qualification of SiGe as a manufacturable silicon technology in a high-volume silicon fabricator


The invention relates to a welding method, in particular to an electrical contact welding method. The invention aims at solving the problems of easy occurrence of brazing seam pores, poor pore filling, difficult exhaustion of gas and low brazed rate generated when resistance brazing is used for welding. The method comprises the following steps of: horizontally stacking two work pieces to be welded, naming the upper work piece to be welded as a contact point, naming the lower work piece to be welded as a contact bridge, and arranging brazing filler metal between the contact bridge and the contact point; connecting both ends of the contact bridge with a welding machine, powering on the welding machine, heating the brazing filler metal by using resistance heat produced by the contact bridge to melt and spread the brazing filler metal; then, vibrating the contact point or the contact bridge, and naturally moisturizing and spreading the brazing filler metal to form a responding layer after vibration stops; and finally, powering off the welding machine. The electrical contact welding method is used for welding an electrical contact.


After a review of the general possibilities in selective hydrogenation, a new method is described to hydrogenate with solvent-stabilized palladium colloid catalysts. A remarkable high selectivity was obtained applying very mild reaction conditions. By use of the liquid-liquid two-phase technique an easy and complete catalyst recycle is possible.


Purpose: To increase awareness of the special importance of profiling research. Topics: indexed journals, types of reviews and research profiles. Development: Selecting a research topic could be a hard task for young researchers or experienced researchers exploring different subjects. As ESL research works have been gradually growing during the last decades, trying to have a general view of all research done on its diverse related topics is a utopian aim. Considerable efforts like handbooks, literature reviews and states of the art have been made in order to make visible and organize different types of literature texts and scientific publications by adopting any selection criteria. However, such works, although very valuable, serve very specific purposes so that they cannot give a general picture of the different published research studies on an academic arena. Research profiles can meet such a need, of course, through inclusion criteria such as time frames or geographical contexts. Also, they help research works to be known and categorized according to any parameters so that research lines can be traced and regional or national bodies or research can be acknowledged. Besides, they are the starting point of more systematic reviews and complex tasks. Conclusions: Research profiles serve different purposes such as helping researchers select research topics, track and acknowledge research works, and create research lines and set research agendas in a country.


Industrial hemp cultivars, Zolo-11, USO-31 and Zolo-15, were tested for their ability to accumulate U and Pb in the above-ground> biomass. Plants were grown in soils with an average content of U 336_1 mg/kg (OH), Pb 911_53 mg/kg (NJ), or Pb 571_86 mg/kg> (farm soil). Results demonstrated that hemp is potentially a good phytoremediation crop. This fast growing, high biomass crop grew normally in the Pbor U-contaminated soil. Industrial hemp responded positively to Phytotech+s amendments and accumulated> up to 5,447 mg/kg Pb and up to 560 mg/kg U from the soils that contained just 571 mg/kg Pb and 336 mg/kg U respectively. Cultivars of industrial hemp significantly differ in the ability to accumulate Pb and U, hence extensive screening may produce cultivars with better phytoremediation capacity.


For centuries racism has been a matter of question in the United States. Race differences and prejudiced attitudes always caused problems whenever the Black and the White wanted to unite and live together. As the racial stereotypical picture held in both groups' mind/logic made them act in a prejudice way, it harmed both groups/cultures. The quest for freedom and the struggle for survival are the major aspects of African-American history. From the advent of the seventeenth century up to the twentieth century, African-Americans were exposed to various forms of oppression and discrimination that devastated their psyches and forced them to resort to escape mechanisms necessary for survival. Therefore, African-American writers have always been concerned with pinpointing the African-American predicament within the socio-political context of that history The intent of the present study is to explore the portrayal of the African-American predicament in the twentieth century. The study tends to analyze the impact of dehumanization on African-Americans, especially in " Beloved and Song of Solomon" within the framework of postmodernism. It, also, tends to investigate the physical and spiritual traumatic effects that were imposed on the blacks.


Project GR/K77051, funded by the Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council ( EPSRC), was undertaken to provide better tools for verifying security protocols. A new method has been developed in which protocols are modelled inductively [ 5]. The method has been applied to numerous protocols, such as TLS [ 6], an Internet protocol descended from SSL 3.0. APM Limited's recursive authentication protocol [2] allows agents to form a chain of arbitrary length. The analysis of this complex protocol, which took only two weeks, identified some flaws. Giampaolo Bella performed an exceptionally detailed formal analysis [ 1] of Kerberos IV. The Yahalom protocol has an unusually tricky design; by formalizing the relationship between a session key and an encrypted nonce [ 7], we can show that the compromise of a session key does not lead to cascading losses. The inductive method uses a simple trace model. A protocol is modelled by an inductive definition consisting of one rule for each step, plus a base case and a rule to model the adversary's actions. The definition is supplied to the proof assistant Isabelle. Theorems are typically proved by induction, which generates a case analysis that considers all possible protocol and adversary actions. Isabelle's rewriting and classical reasoning tools automate much of the work. Kim Wagner, the first RA, worked on authentication logics. He studied many protocols in order to identify the concepts needed to express their correctness arguments. He devoted much effort to analyzing e-cash protocols and highlighted an obstacle to understanding them. Some of them rely on the virtual impossibility of two unlikely events occurring in conjunction, even though either event could well occur on its own. The probability that two independent events occur together is obtained by multiplying their probabilities; if both are unlikely then their conjunction is highly unlikely. Such probabilistic reasoning remains a challenge for formal methods. Katherine Eastaughffe, who replaced Wagner, devoted some effort to improving DSTO's XIsabelle, a user interface for Isabelle. Enhancements include a graphical view of proofs as trees, theorem searching facilities, and flexible undoing and re-running of proofs [ 4]. Her main work [3] was inspired by Ryan and Schneider's attack on an early version of the recursive authentication protocol. Knowledge of one session key could be used to reveal the other keys in that chain: the protocol's implementation of encryption by performingXOR with hash values was wrong. Eastaughffe has modelled XOR in a modification of our theory of messages and proved a crucial secrecy theorem for a modified protocol. Formal proofs require more effort than does verification using authentication logics or model checking, but they model the protocol at a realistic level of detail. The research has led to several publications. The proof environment is available over the Internet.


We describe a new approach to computing the chiral part of correlation functions of stresstensor supermultiplets in N = 4 SYM that relies on symmetries, analytic properties and the structure of the OPE only. We demonstrate that the correlation functions are given by a linear combination of chiral N = 4 superconformal invariants accompanied by coefficient functions depending on the space-time coordinates only. We present the explicit construction of these invariants and show that the six-point correlation function is fixed in the Born approximation up to four constant coefficients by its symmetries. In addition, the known asymptotic structure of the correlation function in the light-like limit fixes unambiguously these coefficients up to an overall normalization. We demonstrate that the same approach can be applied to obtain a representation for the six-point NMHV amplitude that is free from any auxiliary gauge fixing parameters, does not involve spurious poles and manifests half of the dual superconformal symmetry. Laboratoire d'Annecy-le-Vieux de Physique Théorique, UMR 5108 Unité Mixte de Recherche 3681 du CNRS


Introduction:
 Based on the results of PARADIGM-HF and PIONEER-HF, angiotensin-receptor neprilysin inhibitors (ARNI) offer improved survival and lower readmission rates for HFrEF compared to angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEi) or angiotensin receptor blockers (ARB). However, there is concern that increased hypotension and higher drug costs may limit the effectiveness of ARNIs in clinical practice, especially among older adults with Part D prescription coverage. The aim of this study is to use decision analytic modeling to estimate the association between discharge on ARNI vs. ACEi/ARB and patient outcomes, and then determine if it varies by age.

 Methods:
 We then used a 2-state absorbing Markov chain model with a 1-month cycle length to simulate 5-year survival for patients discharged on ARNI or ACEi/ARB, accounting for the risks of death and readmission, estimated from trials, as well as the risk of in-hospital mortality, drug switching, and discontinuation, estimated from Medicare claims data. In the model, the weighted averages for mortality and readmission reduction were estimated published risk reductions from the PIONEER-HF trials (first two months) and PARADIGM-HF (subsequent 8 months) trials.

 Results:
 Across all age groups, patients discharged on ARNI had higher 5-year survival compared to patients discharged on ACEi/ARB (
 Table 1
 ). Moreover, the absolute and relative benefit of ARNI over ACEi/ARB, even after accounting for drug discontinuation and switching, was similar across age groups. The number needed to treat (NNT) with ARNI rather than ACEi/ARB to prevent 1 death over 5 years ranged from 56-63.

 Conclusions:
 There is a small, but clinically significant, survival benefit to discharge on ARNI vs. ACEi/ARB across all age groups, even after accounting for drug switching and discontinuation. Additional work is needed to determine if there is additional heterogeneity of treatment effect in subgroups of high-risk, older adults.


Software Engineering data is being analyzed by classical statistical methods and non parametric methods. Performance models are constructed using classical approach as a high maturity practice. Such practices are constrained by data quality and inadequacy of data analysis methods to treat data from real life projects. Data mining techniques can broaden the data analysis capability and improve prediction accuracy even with commonly presented data. Artificial neural networks are found as an improved prediction error estimation method against traditional parametric software reliability growth models. In this paper, we study prediction errors of Artificial Neural Networks (ANN) based Software Reliability Growth Models (ANN SRGM) with the objective of arriving at a criteria for selecting the methods having least prediction errors. All major works in ANN SRGM's are considered and reported errors are analyzed. Accuracy of ANN SRGM's are compared against that of parametric models. Then, inter-comparison of error performances of ANN SRGM's of different applications is made.


Two experiments investigated cognitive processing and attitudes under different motivations. In Experiment 1, 63 participants had either strong nondirectional (accuracy) or directional (defensive, impression) motives. Accuracy motivation resulted in extensive objective processing. Defensive motivation resulted in extensive biased processing. Impression motivation resulted in extensive processing that was directional in some measures but balanced in other measures. Cognitive processing mediated the effects of motivation on attitudes, which were stable across measurements. In Experiment 2, 44 participants processed under two combined strong motivations. Accuracy was successfully combined with directional motivation in both processing and attitudes. It reduced bias when combined with impression motivation but not when combined with defensive motivation. Two opposing directional motivations were difficult to combine, and participants eventually abandoned extensive processing.


An introduction was made on the composition,configuration,function and characteristics of the turbine generator unit automatic supervision and control system of Changtan Reservoir,based on which the author analyzed its shortages and put forward upgrade proposal.


Fiber Bragg gratings (FBGs) are wavelength selective optical reflectors with excellent strain sensitivity and small sensing footprint, which makes them suitable as diagnostic sensors for structural health monitoring applications. In this work, we explore the narrowband wavelength selectivity of FBGs for optical feedback in a tunable fiber ring laser. The fiber ring laser consists of an erbium doped fiber laser that is pumped with a Raman laser (980 nm) to produce population inversion and amplified spontaneous emission (ASE) in the C-band. The ASE light is used to illuminate a FBG sensor connected to the ring, and the reflected light from the sensor is fed back into the laser cavity to produce stimulated emission at the instantaneous center wavelength of the sensor. As the wavelength of the sensor shifts due mechanical or thermal strains, the wavelength of the optical output from the ring laser shifts accordingly. By combining the ring laser with a dynamic spectral demodulator for optical readout, the instantaneous wavelength of the ring laser is tracked with high temporal resolution. The fiber ring laser system offers several potential advantages in the diagnostic sensing of mechanical strains for SHM applications including, fully integrated laser and sensor system, high source power levels at the sensor wavelength, narrow spectral line-width, coherent spectral demodulation, and low system costs. In this work, we present experimental results that detail the feasibility of dynamic spectral tuning of the fiber ring laser at frequencies up to hundreds of kilohertz using a single FBG sensing element. Using multiple sensing elements, the fiber ring laser system would allow for active monitoring of dynamic strains in a multi-point sensor array configuration, which is particularly suitable for the localization of high frequency mechanical strains produced by impact loading and cracking events in structures.


Generating relations play a large role in the study of special functions. The present paper deals with the derivation of some novel generating relations of generalized Zernike or disc polynomials by the application of group-theoretic......


The reactions between ethoxytrimethylsilane and alkali ions were investigated by 29 Si NMR to evaluate the formation of Si-O-M (M: alkali metal) linkage. The difference in the reactions among alkali species was also discussed. The formation of the linkage was influenced by the pH of reaction mixture. The shift of NMR signal to higher magnetic field, which can be ascribed to linkage processes, was observed in the solution with pH greater than 13.1. The magnitude of the shift arising from the addition of alkali ions increased in the order of Na + , K + and Li + . In the solution containing alkali ions, the efficient shielding of Si nuclei also increased in this order, which confirmed the strong Si-O-M linkage. However, little difference in the formation rates between Si-O-Na and Si-O-K was observed and the formation processes of Si-O-Li, Si-O-Na and Si-O-K were considered to be identical.


Brief details are given of work being carried out on the M1 in Nottinghamshire to widen a 25 km section of motorway from 3 lanes to 4 in both directions. The companies involved and equipment being used are discussed. Hill Street Construction Ltd have been involved in constructing one new bridge and strengthening 44 existing bridges as well as carrying out earthworks on the verges and central reservation. PJ Davidson then uses slipform pavers to install the central concrete barrier and V-shaped drainage channels on the verge and central reservation. With no space for attenuation ponds, additional storage capacity has been achieved by using up to 1800 mm diameter pipes within the verge. Water from the motorway passes through the new pollution control system and on to various outfalls. Other features of the project include the use of Hitachi equipment with zero tail swingto avoid restricting the emergency lanes and construction of the scheme without the use of contraflow.


WHEN during the study of a case of adrenal insufficiency I accidentally discovered the vaso-motor phenomenon to which I gave the name "ligne blanche surrenale," I indicated in my first communication on this subject the method of bringing about this phenomenon. Little by little. I have defined the various possible causes of error, figuring them out myself or noticing them in the reports of other authors. It is necessary to follow certain rules which I shall now outline, for only those white lines can be considered as examples of the adrenal line which appear under conditions of technical research similar to those previously indicated, and which present characteristics parallel to those which I have assigned to this particular manifestation.


Spatial variation of basin supply as a factor of water quality in a shallow, flow-through lake Lake Syczyńskie is a water body that represents a group of the smallest Łęczna-Włodawa Lakes. The lake is supplied with waters from the four streams, while the outlet from the lake is directed into the Świnka River. The residence time of water is very short in Lake Syczyńskie. A role and variation of water supply from the catchment area were calculated using the mean seasonal loads transported from lakes sub-basins. A range of ionic migration into the basin of the lake was presented by means of daily and five-day radiuses. Among all inflows, C2 and C4 streams that drained Chełm Hills structure, were the most stable ones. The C3 stream that drained lake vicinity, was less important in shaping the quality of the lake water, while stream C1 was the one with a wide range of seasonal loads inconstancy. The highest fluviodynamic and matter transport occurred during the cold season. However, during the warm season in-lake processes were significant in terms of shaping the quality of lake water.


To know that one does not write for the other, to know that these things I am going to write will never cause me to be loved by the one I love (the other), to know that writing compensates for nothing, sublimates nothing, that it is precisely there where you are not - this is the beginning of writing. Roland Barthes, A Lover's Discourse: Fragments Are the most important letters not those we never manage to write? Or, to be more precise, those we write, and rewrite - in our minds and on paper - but never allow ourselves to send? Such is the letter from Celimene to Alceste in Moliere's Le Misanthrope. The reader may already be wondering, quite justifiably: what letter from Celimene to Alceste? Among the many problems posed by this letter, none is thornier than the fact that it is never identified as a letter from Celimene to Alceste, nor is its text ever given. Celimene writes to several of her fatuous suitors: her seemingly contradictory and disingenuous letters to them are read aloud in the play's final (and climactic) scene, the scene of her public disgrace. But she also writes another letter, a letter that mysteriously falls into the hands of her rival, Arsinoe, who then passes it along to Alceste as a sign of his mistress's treachery. Alceste confronts Celimene with this letter, but the mysteries surrounding it - to whom is it addressed? what does it say? when was it written? how did Arsinoe get hold of it? - are never dispelled. It is my premise that Alceste confronts his mistress with the very letter which she has been writing (and rewriting, and rewriting) to him and which has accidentally fallen into his hands, and that this interpretation fits into and even explains a certain number of givens in the play. The ramifications of this reading bring us into two distinct but related areas of criticism: the study of gender and the study of genre. As I shall try to demonstrate, Celimene's letter can be interpreted as epitomizing the differences between how men love and how women love. But it can also be read as a literary artifact situated at the crossroads between classical theater and the incipient genre of the novel. The Mystery of the Letter Our first task, then, is to demonstrate how the play tells us, indirectly, that Celimene's mysterious letter is a letter to Alceste. Let us examine the sequence of events surrounding the letter. At the end of Celimene's acerbic confrontation with Arsinoe (3:4), the women's mutual accusations are cut short by the arrival of Alceste, presumably returning from dealing with the lawsuit brought against him by Oronte (775-76). But Celimene, rather than continuing her ongoing debate with Alceste over the status of their relationship, leaves the stage with the following ambiguous words: Alceste, il faut que j'aille ecrire un mot de lettre Que, sans me faire tort, je ne saurais remettre. [Alceste, I must go write a letter That I cannot put off/deliver without doing myself harm.!(1) (1037-38) The ambiguity lies in the verb "remettre." The obvious meaning here is "to postpone": Celimene cannot put off writing this letter a moment longer, and so must leave her salon and go attend to it. But the verb "remettre" is also used to describe the act of delivering a letter. Might Celimene not be hinting that she is going off to write a draft of a letter that she does not necessarily intend to send, a letter that, were she to deliver it, would compromise her reputation ("me faire tort") in some unspecified way? Celimene thus goes off to work on this mysterious letter that she is, perhaps, writing simply as an exercise in self-expression, while Alceste is left to deal with the unsubtle advances of Arsinoe. At the end of Alceste's scene with Arsinoe, the amorous prude convinces the object of her affections that she can give him clear proof of Celimene's treachery and unworthiness: Donnez-moi seulement la main jusque chez moi; La je vous ferai voir une preuve fidele De l'infidelite du coeur de votre belle. …


Three new species of Diospyros from Brazil are described, D. xavantina from Mato Grosso, D. serrana from Pernambuco, and D. paraensis from Para.


In this paper, Differential Transform Method (DTM) has been used to solve some systems of linear and nonlinear Integro-differential equations. The approximate solution in the form of a series are calculated with easily computable terms. The solution obtained using this method is compared with the solution obtained using existing methods.


The buoyancy regulation and vertical migration of Microcystis in the water column are one of the most important mechanisms for the formation of cyanobacteria blooms. To reveal the vertical distribution characteristics of Microcystis and its influence factorsꎬ the central site in the north of Lake Erhai was selected as the study area. Microcystis biomassꎬ gas vesicle volume and colony size were investigated through field sampling and laboratory analysis from September to Decemberꎬ 2016. The results showed that Microcystis biomass increased steadily from September to Novemberꎬ when it reached the peak value (1􀆰 77 mg∕L) and then decreased significantly in Decemberꎬ in average of 0􀆰 34 mg∕L. The gas vesicle volumes of Microcystis were higher in September and November (18􀆰 0 ̄22􀆰 6 μm ∕cell) than those in October and December (10􀆰 2 ̄17􀆰 3 μm ∕cell) . The floating rates (5􀆰 4 ̄14􀆰 5 m∕d)ꎬ percentage of floating colonies (57% ̄96%) and colony sizes (91 ̄305 μm) increased consistently from September to November and then decreased in December. The biomassꎬ gas vesicle volume and colony sizes all decreased with the increase of water depth. From September to Novemberꎬ Microcystis showed a weak stratified distribution in Lake Erhai and the effect of buoyancy provided by gas vesicle volumes and colony size defeated the wind turbulence. Thusꎬ 第 7 期 汪  偲等:藻华高风险期微囊藻在洱海中的垂直分布特征及其影响因素 Microcystis could migrate actively in the water column and accumulate on the water surface. In Decemberꎬ the impact of wind turbulence on the vertical distribution of Microcystis greatly exceeded that of buoyancy and colony size. Microcystis tended to be distributed uniformly in the water column. According to the studyꎬ Microcystis showed a weak stratification distribution in Lake Erhai during the high risk period of algal blooms and the buoyancy and colony size were the main factors influencing its vertical distribution.


Since mid-1990s,according to the technology innovation and open-up,service industry gradually has the feature of global distribution.Many empirical studies show that Global Value Chain theory has a very strong ability to explain the exterior links of local industrial clusters,but few literatures put service clusters into the GVC framework.This paper compares the effects of different ways of insertion on the upgrade of service clusters through the case study of two Chinese creative clusters,analyzes the upgrading paths of Chinese service clusters under the Global Value Chain,and gives some policy implications.


The strong optical feedback has the advantage of generating high resolution fringes. However, these feedback fringes usually seem like the noise signal when the feedback level is high. This defect severely limits its practical application. In this paper, the generation mechanism of noise fringes with strong optical feedback is studied by using spectral analysis method. The spectral analysis results show that, in most cases, the noise-like fringes are observed owing to the strong multiple high-order feedback. However, at certain feedback cavity condition, there may be only one high-order feedback beam goes back to the laser cavity, the noise-like fringes can change to the cosine-like fringes. And the resolution of this fringe is dozens times than that of the weak optical feedback. This research provides a method to obtain high resolution cosine-like fringes rather than noise signal in the strong optical feedback, which makes it possible to be used in nanoscale displacement measurements.


Repeated timber utilization studies in Pennsylvania suggest that the recovery of growing-stock timber has improved over the years. Currently 95 percent of the inventory growing stock volume is being recovered from harvested trees. There are many opportunities to recover additional amounts of biomass from nongrowing-stock trees and logging residues. Until recently, these operations were regarded as unprofitable.


Using the concept of reciprocity and the known solution for the electric field of a vertical oscillating magnetic dipole source placed over a two-layered halfspace, an integral expression for the vertical magnetic field produced by a horizontal rectangular loop, carrying an oscillating current and placed on the surface of the same halfspace, is deduced. This expression is such that it can be evaluated by a combination of straightforward numerical integration and digital linear filter techniques. Displacement currents everywhere in space are neglected. Fields both inside and outside the loop are presented as sounding curves. A little over a decade of frequencies (100–3000 Hz) appears to be the minimum requirement and two decades (100–10000 Hz) are sufficient for most situations. Parametric and geometric sounding curves both show good resolution of subsurface layering. Phase shows better resolution than amplitude. Similarly, resolution is higher when conductivity increases with depth than when it decreases. Besides being useful for the electromagnetic depth sounding for layered earth structures, such computations can be applied to determine normal corrections to Turam observations, whenever a rectangular loop of finite size is used as a transmitter.


Objective:To investigate the value and advantage of whole-brain perfusion CT with 320-detector row dynamic volumetric CT system in the diagnosis and clinical application of cerebral infarction.Methods:42 patients with cerebral infarction underwent whole-brain perfusion CT;unenhanced volume scan images,CT angiography and whole-brain perfusion images could be obtained in one order of contrast agent injection,comprehensive assessment of the 3 techniques were used to evaluate cerebral infarction.Results:In the 42 patients with cerebral infarction,there were 18 cases with ischemic penumbra(IP),which were showed in 6 of 8 patients with super-acute cerebral infarction,8 of 19 patients with acute infarction,and 4 of 15 patients with subacute infarction.Compared the core area of infarct with the contralateral corresponding region,there were statistically significant difference in CBV,CBF,MTT and TTP(P0.05).In comparing the 18 patients having IP with the infarct core area,significant statistical differences of the CBV,CBF,MTT and TTP were existed as well(P0.05).No significant difference was found in the CBV value of IP and the contralateral corresponding region(P0.05).Conclusions:Ischemic penumbra might still exist in acute or subacute cerebral infarction.The position and stenotic degree of the responsible blood vessels,the extent of the cerebral lesions and the existence of ischemic penumbra could be detected by application of whole-brain perfusion imaging with 320-detector row CT system,and comprehensive assessment of cerebral infarction could be achieved.


Background: Natural history data on human papillomavirus (HPV) incidence and its risk factors have not been reported on from young women in Norway. We report on incidence and predictors of HPV-6, 11, 16, and 18; 6 or 11; 16 or 18; or all 4. Methods: A 48-month prospective study enrolled 898 women aged 16 to 24 between 1998 and 2000. HPV DNA polymerase chain reaction testing of genital tract specimens was performed and risk data collected every 6 months and HPV serology and genital Chlamydia trachomatis testing performed every 12 months. Cumulative incidence was estimated using the Kaplan-Meier method and covariates evaluated in Cox models. Results: Among the women who were HPV DNA- and serology-negative at entry, 48-month cumulative incidences (95% confidence interval) were as follows: HPV-6: 20.0% (17.1–23.4), HPV-11: 2.2% (1.3–3.5), HPV-16: 25.0% (21.7–28.8), HPV-18: 13.6% (11.3–16.4), HPV-6 or -11: 21.5% (18.5–25.0), HPV-16 or -18: 30.4% (26.7–34.5), and HPV-6, -11, -16, or -18: 37.8% (33.6–42.3). Younger age at first intercourse, being single, having no regular partner, reporting new partners, and genital C. trachomatis infection were independent risk factors of incident HPV. Conclusions: Proxies measuring new partnerships and genital C. trachomatis infection predicted incident HPV-6, -11, -16, or -18. Incidence of HPV-6, -11, -16, or -18 in young Norwegian women is high, with more than one-third becoming infected over 48 months.


Diabetes Mellitus is a chronic metabolic disease characteristic by the presence of chronic hyperglycemia that glucose levels > 200 mg/dL. Protein Nrf2 is a transcription factor protein for antioxidant genes that serves to capture reactive oxygen species (ROS) which increases in the condition of diabetes mellitus. To investigate the effect of the administration of amlodipine on protein expression of Nrf2 in SH-SY5Y neuron cell culture that induced by glucose 50 mM. This research were used the method of pure experimental analysis in the laboratory used cell cultures of the SH-SY5Y neurons. Cell culture SH-SY5Y neurons were induced with glucose 50 mM for 6 days. Then administered amlodipine with a dose of 5 µM for 30 minutes. Then expression of Nrf2 proteins observed with immunofluorescence. Independent t-test and Pearson statistical analyses were conducted to determine the influence and relationship of a 5 μM amlodipine on protein expression Nrf2. In the group of administering amlodipine 5 µM and without amlodipine on the cell culture of the SH-SY5Y neurons that induced of chronic hyperglycemia (glucose 50 mM) result of independent t-test obtained that there is no meaningful difference (P = 0.464). Pearson correlation test result in get a correlation coefficient value of 0.223. There is an increased expression of the protein Nrf2 after the administration of the dose of amlodipine 5 μM although not significant.


This paper introduces the Savina benchmark suite for actor-oriented programs. Our goal is to provide a standard benchmark suite that enables researchers and application developers to compare different actor implementations and identify those that deliver the best performance for a given use-case. The benchmarks in Savina are diverse, realistic, and represent compute (rather than I/O) intensive applications. They range from popular micro-benchmarks to classical concurrency problems to applications that demonstrate various styles of parallelism. Implementations of the benchmarks on various actor libraries are made publicly available through an open source release. This will allow other developers and researchers to compare the performance of their actor libraries on these common set of benchmarks.


Radioactive material packagings designed for out-of-commerce shipments are not necessarily subject to the same regulatory requirements as packagings designed for in-commerce service. For example, DOE Order 460.1B permits application of the notion of Equivalent Safety to out-of-commerce shipping within DOE sites. Equivalent safety can be viewed as a reduction in 10 CFR 71 design conditions without a corresponding loss of public health and safety. This paper presents a packaging design identified as the Tritium Spent Melt Overpack (SMO) that successfully utilized equivalent safety at the Savannah River Site (SRS). Because the spent melt materials are highly radioactive, the container must be loaded and closed remotely. The SMO design is a based on twenty-foot long eighteen-inch diameter pipe, with one end closed by welded plate and the open end closed by a latching plug that incorporates bore seals. The SMO receives a single sixteen-inch diameter by 16-foot long crucible partly filled with the waste product from the tritium extraction process. The loaded overpack is moved from the SRS Tritium Extraction Facility inside a heavily shielded cask. Upon arrival at a waste silo designed to receive the overpack, it is removed from the shielding cask by remote means and placed in the long-term storage silo. This paper provides an overview of the SMO overpack design and its operation.Copyright © 2004 by ASME


The use of cosmeceuticals has drastically risen in recent years. This significantly increases the armamentarium of the clinician in improving the treatment of skin, hair, and other conditions. They are at the juncture where wellness meets beauty and growing use by consumers is indicative of their popularity. This article focuses on skin, hair, and other cosmeceuticals and their regulatory aspects.


Welded and seamless gas bottles are probably the most frequently used transportable pressure vessels. The risk involved in the use of these vessels includes their bursting and the explosion of gas leaking from them. To mitigate these risks, regulations both national and international were introduced concerning the design, materials, testing and approval of gas bottles. Recently recommendations on nondestructive testing by ultrasonics were developed by several national and international authorities. To be able to use ultrasonic testing, it is necessary to define an acceptance level or a critical flaw size. This is only possible if the material properties, that is, strength and toughness, and the stresses are known and if there is a reliable method for assessment available. The results of burst and pulsation tests with artificially flawed seamless high-pressure gas bottles are presented and compared with the results of several risk-assessment methods that were originally developed for nuclear pressure vessels.


Decreased physical activity is a factor of students' morbidity growth. The term "physical activity" refers to the combination of a variety of motor actions performed in everyday life in organized and individual physical exercises and sports. It is important to determine the "optimal" level of motor activity that would compensate energy costs and contribute to further improvement of the individual. According to the latest data, the weekly motor activity for students must be at least 11 hours. Obviously, physical education classes at the university cannot fully compensate for the need to move. The educational standard gives Physical Education 68 hours per semester, which is 4 hours per week, or a third of the "optimal" level of physical activity. Thus, PE classes should not be the only way for students to satisfy their need for movement. The level of motor activity depends both on the educational process and on individual students' attitudes. About 45 % of first-year students were previously involved in sports and 16 % of them have sports categories. Virtually all respondents report a positive attitude to physical training in higher school, and 38 % attend extra classes in sports centers. Almost all of the men and 62 % of women prefer active rest, but, unfortunately, they have little free time. Up to 50 % of the respondents visit the open air for 1.5-2 hours daily; and only 10 % for more than 2 hours (hygiene standard is 2 hours a day), 10 % of the students reported "less than 30 minutes a day". The results of the survey show that about 1/3 of the students of both sexes have weekly physical activity above the minimum level (about 10 hours per week). These data can be correlated with the results obtained by S.M. Futornyy (2013): only 32.39 % of girls and 38.46 % boys have the minimum weekly volume of specially organized motor activity (8-10 hours per week). The level of motor activity undergoes certain changes during the school year. For most of the school year (about 10 months) students have insufficient motor activity (40-60 % deficit). Motor activity during the holidays is at the minimum level or exceeds it. During the semesters and the examination sessions, there is a decrease in motor activity. The program of physical education in higher school is not able to completely eliminate the negative effects of students' hypokinesia because most students spend little time at PE classes. The increase in motor activity during the day, study and recreation should be a vital need able to form the desire for physical perfection and healthy lifestyle in their minds.


The human chronic myelogenous leukemia cell line K562 expresses a structurally altered c‐abl protein with tyrosine kinase activity. Erythroid differentiation of K562 cells was induced by tyrosine kinase inhibitors, but not by other kinase inhibitors. Treatment of K562 cells with 5'd(TACTGGCCGCTG‐AAGGGC)3′, complementary to the second exon (codons 2 to 7) of c‐abl mRNA, inhibited cell growth and induced benzidine‐positive cells in a dose‐dependent manner. However, exposure to the sense oligomer did not induce erythroid differentiation of the cells. These results suggest that inhibition of abl tyrosine kinase activity is closely related to induction of erythroid differentiation of K562 cells. A multidrug‐resistant subline (K562R) was induced to undergo erythroid differentiation by tyrosine kinase inhibitors such as genistein or herbimycin A as effectively as the parent K562 cells were. Therefore, tyrosine kinase inhibitors might be useful as cancer chemotherapeutic agents against some multidrug‐resistant leukemias having abnormally high activity of oncogene tyrosine kinase(s).


The editors have gathered together texts, artists' pages, photography, comics, interviews, and essays from international artists, writers, and organizations in an attempt to publish challenging works and ideas "which run the risk of being ostracized or ignored." With no predetermined theme, a definite preoccupation with sexuality, the body, censorship, and opposition to oppression emerges through the ensemble. Includes a "contact section" to respond to contributors. Circa 50 bibl. ref.


The maintenance cost in K Steelworks has been continuously increased in proportion to the production cost. However, there seems to be a possibility of reducing cost through the optimization of maintenance actions. The failure types of the equipment in steelworks ate various with different failure cost. Thus the failure rate and cost of each type of failures should be considered simultaneously when the optimum maintenance period is to be determined. It is considered that the equipment undergoes periodic replacement and a specified number of incomplete preventive maintenance actions are performed during a replacement period. Assuming that the time to failure follows a Weibull distribution, the parameters of the failure rate are estimated using the maximum likelihood estimation. The optimal replacement period is determined to minimize the average cost per unit time. As the result of analysis it is suggested that the existing maintenance period for a hot-rolling equipment can be extended significantly.


X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) is a powerful and popular surface characterization technique, and the measured shifts in the core electron binding energies are sensitive to the chemical structure and local environment of the surface species. C 1s binding energies were calculated with density functional theory (DFT) for 17 structures including eight well-characterized structures on a Co(0001) surface and nine on a Pt(111) surface, while B 1s binding energies were calculated for six well-characterized structures and compared with experimental values. DFT calculations describe the 2.8 eV variation in the C 1s binding energies on Co surfaces, the 4.2 eV variation in the C 1s binding energies on Pt surfaces, and the 5.5 eV variation in the B 1s binding energies in the test sets with average deviations of 85, 73, and 53 meV, respectively. The shift in the C 1s and the B 1s binding energies can be correlated with the calculated charges, though only within homologous series. To illustrate how binding energ...


Vertical profiles of zooplankton (size range less than 5 mm) were taken with a 1 m2 MOCNESS (333 pm mesh aperture) from the > 4000 m water column at 2 sites in the NE Atlantic. In the upper 1000 m, the profiles tended to exhibit high variability and were influenced by diurnal migrations, but below, the distributions were nearly similar. The standing crop in the upper 400 m was remarkably low, possibly due to a bloom of salps and their grazing pressure on the phytoplankton crop. The nonlinear decrease of the normalized zooplankton abundance and biomass below 1000 m in the area investigated could be approximated by a power function. The improved regression 'model' revealed no differences between the slopes when compared to biomass data from other marine locations given by various authors. T h s indicates that the processes of vertical material flux seem to be similar in many bathypelagic systems of the open s e a The y-intercepts, however, showed differences due to either a higher surface productivity in some ocean areas or differences in sampling methods and evaluation of the material. Possible causes which may have led to less of a decrease in zooplankton abundance at greater depths (below 2500 m) such as food supply, resuspension, upward flux, fauna1 changes and trophic interactions are discussed.


Analysis of the Behavior of the Lumbar Curvature in the PregnantPuerperal Cycle The objective of this study was to analyze the behavior of the lumbar curvature in the pregnant-puerperal cycle through the verification of the inclination of L1 and L5 , according to L3, during the three quarters of the pregnancy and in the puerperal time. Besides, the results were correlated with the data obtained in the item main complaint of the anamnesis. The chosen sample was composed by 60 wiman ( n=60 ), including 45 pregnant ones, equally distributted on the differnt three quarters of pregnancy and 15 puerperal ones with ages between > 18 and < 35 years old . The sample was submitted to a mensuration of the cutaneous folds, according to the Method of Baun, for the homogeneity veification. .A mechanical model was devellopes for a best ability of final data and its correlation with the modifications of the modification on the lombar region of vertebral column and with information obtained with the main complaint. According to the final data and facing to the limits of the study it was able to infer that: it was not able to observe significative differences to the angulations hip perceived of L1 e L5, during the different three quarters of pregnancy and on the puerperal time, using the Pearson correlation test to find the correlation ship between the angulous of L1 and L5 with r=0.43878, it is was submitted that L1 and L5 are directly proportional; it was possible to identify a significant frequency of lumbar pain and the pain in the column ,during the different periods of the pregnant-puerperal cycle; the initial results of the present study point that there is a correlation ship between the alterations of L1 e L5'S positioning and the complaints collected pains , supplying a way for new studies, that would to confirm, or not, this presupposition.


Combined with the city of Baotou Arden Street underground passage pipe jacking engineering, using three-dimensional finite element software ANSYS to simulate the process of rectangular pipe jacking construction, this paper will emphasis on the influence of soil displacement around the construction site of the rectangular pipe jacking construction under dynamic loads. Through research, it got the rectangular pipe jacking construction sphere of influence of soil disturbance, and the variation in both horizontal and vertical direction, and compared with the measured data, proved that the numerical simulation has important guiding significance to the pipe jacking construction, will provide a reference for the future construction of similar projects.


Following mistakes of the past fifteen years, the Chinese economy is entering a new phase in which ever increasing investment in heavy industry gives way to a planned growth in people's consumption and standard of living. This is being accompanied by the abolition of state monopoly, by the abandonment of "sole dealing", and by allowing prices to be more flexible. The proposed changes will open the Chinese economy to more foreign trading.


This article considers the relations between discourse, knowledge, power and representations, and particularly how constructs and ideologies of gender, race and sexuality impact what we think we know, how we come to know it, and where this knowledge goes in theory, policy and practice. The story of Sacajawea, a Lemhi-Shoshone woman who was involved in the 1804–06 US Corp of Discovery expedition, is used as an examplar of how hegemonic representations, passed on through curriculum content, can distort understandings and perpetuate colonial and othering perspectives.


Microalgae extracts have a wide range of uses in the field of healthcare and nutrition. However, the use of microalgae extracts in anti-inflammatory properties and their mechanism of action have not yet been fully studied. Here, we show that extracts from Chlorella sp. WZ13 (CSE-WZ13) dose-dependently reduced nitrite production, inhibited the expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) protein, and decreased the production of the gene and inflammatory cytokines tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin-6 (IL-6), in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated RAW264.7 cells. Using high-content imaging analysis, it was found that CSE-WZ13 inhibited the translocation of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) from the cytoplasm to the nucleus. CSE-WZ13 also exerted anti-inflammatory effects in an ear edema mouse model induced by 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA). CSE-WZ13 inhibited edema by 36.17% and 25.66% at a dose of 0.3 and 0.1 mg/ear, respectively. Histological analysis showed that topical application of CSE-WZ13 decreased TPA-induced inflammatory cell infiltration. Our results indicate that CSE-WZ13 may be a useful candidate for the purpose of decreasing inflammation.


This study considers the London wardmote inquest as a venue for social networking in the late fifteenth and early sixteenth centuries. It uses a combination of social network analysis (SNA) of wills and a set of ordinances for the conduct of wardmotes written by the jurors of Aldersgate ward in 1540. Wardmotes were an important venue for men to accrue social capital and 'respectability' in the eyes of their neighbours and develop personal connections which were crucial for social and economic advancement in the pre-modern city. Such advancement is evidenced in the later office holding careers of jurors and their importance in parish social networks. The meeting of the inquest was a potentially fraught occasion of conflicting loyalties which required close policing in order to engender the sociability key to its role as a venue for networking.


This paper presents an approach to non-monotonic inheritance in an object-oriented logic programming framework. Inheritance as sublation, achieved through predicate extension and exception, not only provides a very flexible mechanism for software reuse but also is very philosophical. Taking the (iterated least fixpoint) well-founded model semantics to traditional logic programs as a basis, the declarative semantics is also explored.


The aim of the JRC-Ispra station for atmospheric research (45°49'N, 8°38'E) is to monitor atmospheric parameters (pollutant concentrations and fluxes, atmospheric particle chemical composition, number size distribution and optical properties) to contribute in assessing the impact of European policies on air pollution and climate change. The station has been operated continuously since November 1985, with a gap in gas phase data due to a severe breakdown of the data acquisition system in 2003 though. The measurements performed in 2007 led to annual averages of ca. 32 μg m O3, 0.8 μg m SO2, 21 μg m NO2 and 30 μg m PM10. Carbonaceous species (organic matter plus elemental carbon) are the main constituents of PM2.5 (> 55 %) followed by NH4NO3 (20-30 %) and (NH4)2SO4 (10-20 %). The measurements confirmed the seasonal variations observed over the previous years, mainly driven by meteorology rather than by changes in emissions. Aerosol physical and optical properties were also measured in 2007. The average particle number (from 10 nm to 10 μm) was about 9200 cm in 2007. The mean (close to dry) aerosol single scattering albedo (0.79) was low compared to the values generally observed in Europe, which means that the cooling effect of aerosols is reduced in our region compared to others. Long-term trends (over 20 years) show consistent decreases in sulfur concentrations and deposition, PM mass concentration (-0.9 μg m yr) and in extreme ozone value occurrence frequency. The decreasing trends in oxidised and reduced nitrogen species are much less pronounced. However, historical minimum in NO3, NH4, (and SO4) wet deposition, as well as in O3 pollution indicators (AOT40 and SOMO35) were observed in 2007. How to obtain EU publications Our priced publications are available from EU Bookshop (http://bookshop.europa.eu), where you can place an order with the sales agent of your choice. The Publications Office has a worldwide network of sales agents. You can obtain their contact details by sending a fax to (352) 29 29-42758.


Abstract Compacts were prepared by pressing titanium and titanium hydride powders mixed with nickel powder and sintering under vacuum. Severe swelling was observed only for compacts based on TiH2 powder. Pressure changes in the vacuum furnace, dilatometry results and mass loss data all indicate that dehydrogenation of TiH2 powder compacts occurs at lower temperature than any significant sintering. Swelling appears to have been caused by a contaminant in the TiH2 powder rather than hydrogen. The onset of severe swelling during heating was associated with the formation of liquid phase as the solidus was crossed. However, some swelling appears to take place under solid state sintering conditions. Various results indicate that the mechanism of swelling is high gas pressure within closed pores. Large pores appear to form by breakage of ligaments between small pores followed by opening of the pore. It appears that the use of (uncontaminated) TiH2 powder in place of Ti powder would allow the benefit of lower green porosity to be retained during sintering to achieve low sintered porosity.


Today, more and more attention all over the world is paid to entrepreneurship education, since such specialized education helps to fight against unemployment, and can stimulate innovation and economic growth. The purpose of this study is to analyze the socio-economic environment of developing countries to evaluate educational programs for future entrepreneurs. The business environment and innovation in the context of educational programs are investigated based on open statistics. The methodological and informational basis for the analysis was the Index of Economic Freedom (IEF), the rating of national higher education systems (U21) and the Global Entrepreneurship Monitoring (GEM). The analysis showed that the socio-cultural and economic environment is crucial for the successful implementation of entrepreneurial training programs, and countries pursuing a policy of economic freedom create favourable conditions for trade and commercial services, which determines the successful development of educational programs in the field of entrepreneurship. Entrepreneurship training provides the skills and knowledge necessary for developing business ideas, creating and developing enterprises.
Thus, entrepreneurship entails innovation for the state, implementation, and independence-for the individual.


Schizosaccharomyces pombe cells are rod‐shaped and grow along a single axis from their two ends. Microtubules extend from the cell centre terminating at the cell ends. The ERM(ezrin/radixin/moesin)‐like proteins Tea1p and Tea3p, and the Dyrk‐like kinase Pom1p are cell end markers involved in the regulation of growth and microtubular dynamics at the cell ends. We have analysed the relative contribution of these three proteins to the determination of cell ends as sites both for cell growth and for microtubular termination. Pom1Δ, in combination with Tea1Δ or Tea3Δ, has the greatest difficulty in relocalizing actin to the cell ends following actin depolymerization and generates the most defective growth pattern. Tea1Δ, in combination with Pom1Δ or Tea3Δ, displays the highest number of microtubules bending round the cell ends. Tea1ΔPom1Δ, which has the most defective growth pattern and microtubules, also displays the highest number of branched cells. We show that Tea1p, Tea3p and Pom1p all contribute, to different extents, to the determination of cell ends, as sites for both cell growth and microtubular termination. We also show that the fission yeast cell relies on both the positioning of landmarks and a properly organized microtubule cytoskeleton to direct cell growth. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.


Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to report results from an exploratory, empirical research study that describes personal values and attitudes toward women, two themes that strongly impact employment relations and a wide variety of management issues.Design/methodology/approach – Well‐established measures for the major themes for this paper were used in constructing a questionnaire. Data collection instruments were vetted for content, translated and back‐translated, and applied by native researchers, who also contributed local expertise to the paper.Findings – Female respondents across all four countries were more egalitarian in their attitudes towards women in the workforce than were men. Additionally, Colombian respondents had more egalitarian attitudes towards women scores, followed by Brazilians and Argentineans; Mexicans exhibited the least egalitarian attitudes toward women.Originality/value – This is the first empirical study that links two well‐validated constructs (personal values and attitud...


Human culture is in contrast with astronomy, which signifies cultural cultivation while humanism is correspondent to theology, which indicates human being should be centered instead of god. As the basis of human culture and humanism, humanistic spirit covers the relationship among human being, society and nature, searches for a harmonious unity, which, moreover, varies with times due to its critical and surpassing qualities.


cc ep te d A rti cl e Sex and age discrepancy of hemoglobin A1c and fetal hemoglobin by HPLC in a large Chinese Han population Jihong HU, Jun GAO, Jianbo LI 1. Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, China. 2. Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou No.2 People's Hospital, Changzhou, 213003, China. 3. Department of Orthopedics, Changzhou Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Nanjing Traditional Chinese Medical University, Changzhou, 213003, China.


An integrated approach to the solution of the problems of design, modernization, and technolog ical development of autonomous power systems (APSs) of objects is considered as a constitutive part of the scientific and methodological apparatus for designing APSs.