Electron impact excitation collision strengths and rates for transitions between fine-structure levels of the 3s2np (n = 3–6), 3s3p2, 3s2ns (n = 4–6), 3s2nd (n = 3–5), 3s2nf (n = 4–5), and 3s3p3d configurations in Si II are calculated by using the Breit-Pauli B-spline R-matrix approach. The 31 target levels have been included in the close-coupling expansion in our collision calculation. The multiconfiguration Hartree-Fock method with term-dependent nonorthogonal orbitals is employed for an accurate representation of the target wave functions. The target levels have been described by using both spectroscopic and correlation radial functions. The atomic wave functions yield excitation energies that are in excellent agreement with experiment and other reliable calculations. The relativistic corrections are included through the one-body mass correction, Darwin, and spin-orbit operators in the Breit-Pauli Hamiltonian. The effective collision strengths have been calculated by integrating total resonant and nonresonant collision strengths over a Maxwellian distribution of electron energies, and these are presented over a wide temperature range suitable for modeling of astrophysical plasmas. Significant differences are noted with the previous eight-state R-matrix calculation, particularly for transitions involving higher excitation levels.


The UK Equality Act 2010 prohibits direct and indirect discrimination with respect to nine characteristics: age, disability, gender reassignment, marriage and civil partnership, pregnancy and maternity, race, religion or belief, sex, and sexual orientation. We argue that the best way of understanding the Act is to see it as protecting those who are vulnerable to systematic disadvantage, partly in virtue of being at risk of experiencing discrimination that violates what we call the meritocratic principle. If this is a key principle underpinning the Act, then there is a compelling case for extending the legislation to include the protection of at least one further characteristic, namely, appearance. We consider but reject various difficulties that might be raised with extending the Act in this way, including the objection that those vulnerable to forms of appearance discrimination that violate the meritocratic principle could be adequately protected by treating them as disabled.


Objectives The purpose of this study is to reveal that the newly introduced computer based assessment of educa-tional achievement in 2022 can produce mathematics test items to improve the quality of the mathematics pa-per-and-pencil test items in the current educational field and discusses the resulting educational implications.
Methods To this end, we collected paper-and-pencil test items from the current mathematics educational field. Among them, we chose examples of items with limited quality because they could not use item types of the com-puter based assessment of educational achievement and converted them using item types of the computer based assessment of educational achievement that could be implemented. After that, we compared the chosen exam-ples with the converted items.
Results As a result, it was confirmed at the item level that mathematics test items that can be implemented in the computer based assessment of educational achievement can improve the quality of existing paper-and-pen-cil test items in several specific aspects, such as increasing validity and reducing guesswork.
Conclusions Based on the results, we discussed the need to participate in the 'Customized Assessment of Educational Achievement' and the long-term advantages of converting school mathematics paper-and-pencil tests to computer based tests in terms of actual educational situations.


The longitudinal and transverse coupled-bunch instabilities of the Tevatron at Run II are addressed in two scenarios. The first scenario corresponds to the present Run II condition: 36 proton bunches on 36 antiprotons. Each proton bunch contains 1.7 x 10{sup 11} particles with a rms bunch length 60 cm. The second scenario is for the future upgrade when there are 108 proton bunches colliding with 108 antiproton bunches. Each proton bunch contains 2.7 x 10{sup 11} particles with a rms bunch length 50 cm. The analysis shows that the growth rates of transverse coupled-bunch instabilities are slow and will be damped by a small betatron tune spread. On the other hand, growth rates of longitudinal coupled-bunch instabilities will be fast especially for the 108-by-108 scenario.


By the use of modern communication network and database technology, the Treasury Concentrative Payment System becomes a modern management in paying financial funds. This paper introduces the integral design of the Treasury Concentrative Payment System and it's interfaces with bank.


A simple and efficient method for the sulfonation of nitrobenzene using SO3 as the sulfonating agent in a microreactor was developed and conducted in this work. The reaction enthalpy was determined using a microreactor-based calorimeter. The effects of molar ratio of reactants, reaction temperature and liquid hourly space velocity (LHSV) on the reaction performance were experimentally studied under solvent-free conditions. Under optimized reaction conditions, 94% conversion of nitrobenzene (NB) and 88% yield of meta-nitrobenzenesulfonic acid (m-NBSA) was obtained even when the residence time was less than 2 s. A microreactor-batch set-up was fabricated and developed to completely convert NB. The process safety has been improved and reaction time has been reduced compared to the batch method. These results demonstrate that the multifunctional integrated microreactor is an extremely useful and highly efficient tool for the sulfonation of NB under solvent-free conditions.


Key Points iNOS is required for host's survival in C. deneoformans disseminated infection. iNOS promotes control of fungal growth in the kidneys but not in other organs. iNOS−/− mice infected kidneys show increased inflammation and M2 macrophage bias. Disseminated cryptococcosis has a nearly 70% mortality, mostly attributed to CNS infection, with lesser-known effects on other organs. Immune protection against Cryptococcus relies on Th1 immunity with M1 polarization, rendering macrophages fungicidal. The importance of M1-upregulated inducible NO synthase (iNOS) has been documented in pulmonary anticryptococcal defenses, whereas its role in disseminated cryptococcosis remains controversial. Here we examined the effect of iNOS deletion in disseminated (i.v.) C. deneoformans 52D infection, comparing wild-type (C57BL/6J) and iNOS−/− mice. iNOS−/− mice had significantly reduced survival and nearly 100-fold increase of the kidney fungal burden, without increases in the lungs, spleen, or brain. Histology revealed extensive lesions and almost complete destruction of the kidney cortical area with a loss of kidney function. The lack of fungal control was not due to a failure to recruit immune cells because iNOS−/− mice had increased kidney leukocytes. iNOS−/− mice also showed no defect in T cell polarization. We conclude that iNOS is critically required for local anticryptococcal defenses in the kidneys, whereas it appears to be dispensable in other organs during disseminated infection. This study exemplifies a unique phenotype of local immune defenses in the kidneys and the organ-specific importance of a single fungicidal pathway.


The invention provides an electric quantity display method for a mobile terminal, an electric quantity display device for the mobile terminal and the mobile terminal. The method comprises the following steps of acquiring current electric quantity information of a battery of the mobile terminal; respectively generating a first fluctuation curve and a second fluctuation curve according to the current electric quantity information of the battery, wherein the fluctuation directions of the first fluctuation curve and the second fluctuation curve are opposite; generating a display interface for a current electric quantity state of the battery according to the first fluctuation curve and the second fluctuation curve. According to the electric quantity display method for the mobile terminal of the embodiment disclosed by the invention, a 3D (third-dimensional) dynamic change effect of an electric quantity can be visually displayed to a user, so that the electric quantity displaying is more intuitive; the interestingness is improved; a more magnificent visual experience is provided for the user.


The recent report by the National Data Guardian for Health and Care (or 'Caldicott 3') reviewed NHS data security, consent, and opt-outs for patients.1

At the same time the Care Quality Commission (CQC) was also asked to review current approaches to data security across the NHS.2 As soon as both reports were published, care.data (NHS England's controversial data-sharing programme) was immediately closed down.3

There is little doubt that the use of large-scale health data has considerable potential to benefit not only patient care but also public health and research.4 The use of such data, however, raises great concerns about data security, patient privacy, and probably most importantly public trust, not only in the NHS but also in the relationship with their doctor. The demise of care.data was in no small part due to a loss of public trust and Caldicott 3 demands increased dialogue with the public to restore their trust. The NHS and GPs in particular, must be 'beyond reproach' in their use of health data to improve both direct and indirect patient care as well as contributions to public health and health research. Dame Fiona Caldicott's review follows her previous reviews in 1996/1997 and 2013. The first of her reviews recommended six principles for the protection of people's confidentiality (the Caldicott principles) and the second recommended an additional Caldicott principle which stated that duty to share information can be just as important as the duty to protect patient confidentiality. Caldicott 3 addresses the further issue of data security and future models of consent.

As far as data security is concerned, the new Caldicott report sets out 10 standards which need to be applied in every healthcare organisation to address the three causes of data breaches: people, processes, and technology. As a way of improving …


Let $\Lambda^{\pm} = \Lambda^{+} \cup \Lambda^{-} \subset (\mathbb{R}^{3}, \xi_{std})$ be a contact surgery diagram determining a closed, connected contact $3$-manifold $(S^{3}_{\Lambda^{\pm}}, \xi_{\Lambda^{\pm}})$ and an open contact manifold $(\mathbb{R}^{3}_{\Lambda^{\pm}}, \xi_{\Lambda^{\pm}})$. Following arXiv:0911.0026 and arXiv:1906.07228 we demonstrate how $\Lambda^{\pm}$ determines a family $\alpha_{\epsilon}$ of standard-at-infinity contact forms on $(\mathbb{R}^{3}_{\Lambda^{\pm}}, \xi_{\Lambda^{\pm}})$ whose closed Reeb orbits are in one-to-one correspondence with cyclic words of composable Reeb chords on $\Lambda^{\pm}$.
We compute the homology classes and integral Conley-Zehnder indices of these orbits diagrammatically using a simultaneous framing of all orbits naturally determined by the surgery diagram, providing a (typically non-canonical) $\mathbb{Z}$-grading on the chain complexes underlying the "hat" version of contact homology as defined in arXiv:1004.2942. Using holomorphic foliations, algebraic tools for studying holomorphic curves in symplectizations of and surgery cobordisms between the $(\mathbb{R}^{3}_{\Lambda^{\pm}}, \xi_{\Lambda^{\pm}})$ are developed.
We use these computational tools to provide the first examples of closed, tight, contact manifolds with vanishing contact homology -- contact $\frac{1}{k}$ surgeries along the right-handed, $tb=1$ trefoil for $k > 0$, which are known to have non-zero Heegaard-Floer contact classes by arXiv:math/0404135.


The sidewise domain dynamic and wall strain behavior in the atomic force microscope (AFM) tip electric field has been investigated in ferroelectric BaMgF4 single crystal by piezoresponse force microscopy. Unusual 180° domain wall strain phenomenon and its dynamics in the domain decay process of BaMgF4 crystal were directly visualized by AFM. The dependence of the lateral domain size on the switching voltage pulse magnitude and duration was measured and discussed. It was shown that the defects in the crystal play an important role in such abnormal wall strain behavior, and the sidewise domain kinetics reveals an activation mechanism of the wall motion in the bulk BaMgF4 single crystal.


Persistent exposure to whole body vibrations is the fundamental cause for lower back pain and disc degeneration. With an increasing amount of population exposed to whole body vibrations, a significant number of people experience fatal spine diseases. Substantial research is carried out to reduce the risk of spinal injuries. The dynamic characteristics of the cervical, thoracic and lumbar (CTL) region are studied extensively as individual sections of the spine. Few studies have focused on the CTL spine as an assembly of the three segments. In the present work, an authentic three dimensional geometrical model of the cervical, thoracic and lumbar spine is developed in mimics considering its natural curvature and the intervertebral discs are modeled in Design modeler. The natural frequency and mode shapes of the CTL spine are extracted using free vibration modal analysis considering 4.5 kg point mass on C1 vertebra and distributed mass of 40 kg on the CTL spine in Ansys Workbench. Six natural frequencies and their corresponding vibration modes are obtained from the finite element model. The results of this study aims to provide a reliable model for further biomechanical analysis and ergonomics.


According to statistical data, a considerable increase in the number of acute carbon monoxide poisonings has been
observed in Azerbaijan in the last few years. The difficulty of diagnosis is caused by the fact that the same symptoms
and even syndromes may be seen in case of poisonings by different toxic substances. For this reason, the problem
of necessity of performing differential diagnosis becomes urgent. The danger of poisonings is that they can be the
causes of serious pathologies with the passage of time. This article is proposing development of a system carrying out
differential diagnosis and monitoring, based on up-to-date methods of evidence medicine.


The objective of this research is to examine the Indonesian banking industry diversification strategy towards efficiency from 2014 – 2018. The present study aims to measure banks' effectiveness as financial intermediaries with income diversification, loan diversification, and technology diversification as dependent variables, with return on assets, non-performing loan ratio, loan to deposit ratio, and bank size as control variables. To measure the firms' efficiency, this research uses a non-parametric measurement called data envelopment analysis input-oriented method. Two models are being used: constant return to scale (CRS) and variable return to scale (VRS). For measuring diversification, this research will use the Hirschman-Herfindahl Index to find the relationship between firms' efficiency, firm diversification strategy, and the control variables. This research will use panel data regression. Finally, the result of this research is Indonesian banking efficiency has not increased every year, and only loan diversification seems to affect efficiency significantly. This research suggests that firms should consider diversifying their loan distribution to get a maximum performance efficiency result.


In this study we examined changes in fascicle length and pennation of vastus intermedius (VI) and vastus lateralis (VL) from rest to isometric contraction.


This paper addresses the structural-parametric synthesis and kinematic analysis of the RoboMech class of parallel mechanisms (PM) having two sliders. The proposed methods allow the synthesis of a PM with its structure and geometric parameters of the links to obtain the given laws of motions of the input and output links (sliders). The paper outlines a possible application of the proposed approach to design a PM for a cold stamping technological line. The proposed PM is formed by connecting two sliders (input and output objects) using one passive and one negative closing kinematic chain (CKC). The passive CKC does not impose a geometric constraint on the movements of the sliders and the geometric parameters of its links are varied to satisfy the geometric constraint of the negative CKC. The negative CKC imposes one geometric constraint on the movements of the sliders and its geometric parameters are determined on the basis of the Chebyshev and least-square approximations. Problems of positions and analogues of velocities and accelerations of the considered PM are solved to demonstrate the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed formulations and case of study.


We introduce a new cardinal invariants non ** ( I ) for an ideal on ω which is showed to be closely related to the I -ultra lters. We prove the following results: (1) If non ** ( I )= c then each lter generated by fewer than c sets is included in some I -ultra lter. (2) There is a lter generated by non ** ( I ) sets that is not included in any I -ultra lter. (3) Each ultra lter generated by fewer than non ** ( I ) sets is an I -ultra lter. These can be considered as a generalization of the classical results for P-point and Ramsey ultra lter. We then estimate non ** ( I ) for some ideals. We show that non (Fin×Fin)=∂, non ** ( eD )=cov( M ) and non ** ( I )>∂ for the ideals do not have the Fin-BW property.


In the following article profound reforms in the social and cultural spheres in the Qashqadarya and Surkhandarya regions of the Republic of Uzbekistan are analysed based on the official statistical data.


Unmanned Aerial Vehicles – or Drones is a broad term for a range of aerial vehicles that are not manned. UAVs are capable of capturing ground spatial data by mounting a camera onto the UAV to capture photogrammetric images. These photogrammetric images are able to be geo-referenced using a process called ortho-rectification. From these geo-referenced images spatial data can be obtained and output such as digital elevation models. With the ever increasing access and reduced costs to this type of technology this may become a viable tool for the modern surveyor to increase their efficiency and reduce workplace risks.

The modern surveyor must continually adapt their field practices to match the most contemporary technologies accessible. In this regard, the following dissertation aims to compare the use of UAVs as a photogrammetric tool for Survey measurement purposes. The aspects tested within this comparison include: precision, accuracy, limitations, and overall operating costs of both conventional trigonometric survey techniques and UAV photogrammetric methods.

Initial research was conducted within the use of UAVs for photogrammetric image capture, methods were developed to determine appropriate flight planning, ground control, and camera settings to ensure a high level of accuracy and precision. Field observations conducted within this dissertation test photogrammetric UAV data in comparison with conventional survey technique data within an active civil construction project. A number of site considerations such as: ground cover, vegetation types & densities, buildings & other vertical structures, water bodies, and colour of objects have been specifically tested for accuracy for comparison of the conventional survey data with the UAV photogrammetric data. Field observation times, office reduction times, overall equipment costs and total project completion costs have also been recorded for both methods to determine a cost-benefit analysis for a number of different types of survey.

Field observations within this dissertation test these specified accuracies, and analyse differences in quoted accuracies. The critical objective for the comparison within this dissertation is to provide quantified evidence for the types of survey work that an unmanned aerial vehicle can be utilised.

Field testing was only conducted using one type of photogrammetric UAV it is recommended that further research be conducted into other UAV models in a similar comparison as tested within this dissertation.

Fixed wing UAVs are capable of providing high precision ortho-rectified georeferenced 3D photogrammetric models with horizontal accuracies of 20mm and vertical accuracies of 35-50mm. The results from the project show that UAVs are appropriate as a tool for topographic mapping, work as executed surveys, and volume surveys.


In an LC-type passive wireless sensor system for multi-parameter monitoring, it is desirable for the inductors to be coaxially aligned stacked in order to save area. However, the transmitting signals affect each other due to mutual coupling between the stacked inductors. This paper presents a novel structure of inductor which is in a specific winding to achieve the minimized mutual inductance. Simulation results of three stacked inductors each connected with a variable capacitor indicate that the mutual inductance between the inductors can actually be greatly suppressed. This phenomenon has also been verified through multi-layer PCB inductors. Three capacitive sensors for temperature, pressure and relative humidity were linked to the three stacked inductors to implement the simultaneous measurements of humidity, temperature and pressure. The measurement results indicate that the sensitivity of the humidity sensor is about 53.33 kHz/%RH between 15%RH to 90%RH, the sensitivity of the temperature sensor is about 41.67 kHz/°C between -20°C to 100°C while the sensitivity of the pressure sensor is about -133.33 kHz/kPa between 50kPa to 110 kPa.


The changing tendency of water inflow and the volume of cone of depression along with the groundwater table of the deep foundation pit with non-complete steady flow well in isotropic water-bearing stratum is analyzed.In order to simplify the analysis,the concepts of water inflow ratio and volume ratio are introduced.And the regression analysis method is used in fitting test results.A scientific expression method of water inflow and the volume of cone of depression along with the groundwater table of the deep foundation pit is given while required accuracy is satisfied.Then,since the difference of groundwater recharge and discharge is equal to the hole difference of cone of depression,water table control formula is given.Finally,we combined the project and analyse the observation results of foundation pit drainage carefully.The computation parameter was chosen reasonably and was used to forecast and the control to the ascending velocity of water table.It has proved the accuracy of the analytical method and computing technology.


Anthony J. Nocella II, John Sorenson, Kim Socha and Atsuko Matsuoka, eds. Defining Critical Animal Studies An Intersectional Social Justice Approach for Liberation. New York: Peter Lang, 2014 Reivewed by Richard Twine, Edge Hill University. This journal article is available in Animal Studies Journal: http://ro.uow.edu.au/asj/vol3/iss2/6 30 Reviewed by Richard Twine Edge Hill University This edited volume is one of several recently published or soon to be published books on critical animal studies (CAS) that consolidates and develops a field of distinctly engaged and politicised perspectives on human/animal relations. These books ask important questions of the rationale for the emergence of scholarship across (mostly) the humanities and social sciences, especially when contextualised within broader social realities of present violence and future threat toward other-than-human animals. What is also striking about CAS and this book is that it is furthermore reflexive to modes of doing research and consciously embeds itself within critiques of the neoliberal academy. This brings us initially to two points about the format and approach of the book. Firstly, in trying to re-make the academy as relevant for urgent contemporary problems of, for example, species extinction and climate change, CAS wants to promote the practice of the academic-activist hybrid, and so the audience here is as much activists as it is scholars. This is a challenge in certain ways as there is an onus to achieve both conceptual clarity and cogent analysis whilst at the same time making that relevant to audiences not necessarily familiar with privileged forms of discourse. Secondly, CAS is critical of the notion of the heroic masculinised competitive lone scholar model of research, so the editors have consciously constructed sections and chapters via collaborative writing. In attempting to define CAS, this book and its organisation returns to a significant earlier journal article on CAS with which Nocella had been involved (2007). This outlined ten principles of CAS and we see in this volume that each of the


This study investigated the effect of maturity stage on the textural-chemical properties of fresh tomatoes ( Lycopersicum esculentum Mill.) fruits. Seven tomato cultivars ( Ibadan local, Beske, Tropimech, UC82B, Kelvin, Nadira and Roma ) were harvested at three maturity stages namely; breaker, pink and ripe red. The textural qualities (firmness, springiness, adhesiveness, chewiness, stringiness and gumminess) of the tomato fruits were measured using the Warner-Bratzler shear force (WBS) method. The chemical properties (pH and electrical conductivity) of the fruits were measured by pH and electrical conductivity meters. Results of the texture profile analysis showed that tomato fruits exhibited a strong dependence on the degree of maturity of the fruits at harvest. All the textural qualities determined decrease as the fruits matured from the breaker stage to the ripe red stage. From the results, the Tropimech tomato fruits had the highest average skin firmness and springiness of 53.16 N and 1.101 respectively, while UC82B tomato fruits had the highest average adhesiveness of 21.47 N.s. The results further showed that breaker tomato fruits exhibited the highest electrical conductivity values than those corresponding to pink and red ones. However, the red tomato fruits exhibited the highest pH values than their corresponding to breaker and pink ones. The average electrical conductively ranged between 0.464 S/m and 0.438 S/m; while the average pH of the tomato fruits ranged between 3.75 and 4.89. The results showed variations in the textural qualities and chemical properties among the seven tomato cultivars studied.


An adequate documentation and negotiation of otc derivatives transactions tends to the reduction of the events which allow the counterparty to early terminat...


High energy proton-proton collisions are observed at the Large Hadron Collider of CERN. A large fraction of these collisions are events where color degrees of freedom are exchanged between the two protons, and new particles are created throughout the phase-space spanned by longitudinal pseudorapidity, defined as η = 0.5 ln[(p+pz)/(p−pz)] and azimuth angle defined as φ = arctan(py/px). However, a substantial fraction of the total pp cross section is due to diffractive processes, where protons remain intact or dissociate into a mixture of particles with a low diffractive mass (compared to the original energy of the proton). These events can be characterized by a colorless momentum exchange of the two protons, via the Pomeron, carrying the quantum numbers of the vacuum. A significant number of elastic events are also observed at the LHC, where Pomeron exchange governs the deflection of the protons, both of which remain intact, and no new particles are created (i.e. the kinetic energy is retained in the collision). A summary of diffractive p+p event classes is shown in Fig. 1. The particles in the final state are separated by a large (& 3) rapidity gap ∆η1 The rapidity gap size is related to the diffractive mass of the dissociated system, MX . In case of single diffraction, ∆η ≈ ln ξ, with ξ = ∆p/p, being the momentum loss of the proton, also equal ξ = M2 X/s where s = (p1 + p2) 2, i.e. the total center of mass energy squared. In order to experimentally classify these events, one needs to identify the rapidity gap in particle production, with detectors covering a large rapidity region.


Progress is reported in the construction of lightweight orthogrid shells. Graphite/epoxy panels are being used in the fabrication. The shell structure is diagramed in detail. Panel laminates, and panel stiffener flanges are described while illustrations delineate panel assembly procedures.


The process of digitalization of human rights in the information society is studied. The transformation of the basic human rights and freedoms enshrined in the second chapter of the Constitution of the Russian Federation into digital form is analyzed. New opportunities for the realization of these rights are described.


THROUGH A CLINICAL CASE, WE DESCRIBE THE PSYCHOGENIC COMA. THIS TROUBLE IS EXTREMELY RARE AND ONLY A FEW CASES ARE NOTED IN THE LITERATURE. ACTUALLY, IT IS CLASSIFIED IN THE DISSOCIATIVE DISORDERS NOT OTHERWISE SPECIFIED FROM THE DSM-IV-TR. THERE ARE ANAMNESTIC ELEMENTS AND CLINICAL SIGNS WHICH HELP FOR THE DIAGNOSTIC, BUT IT CAN BE MADE ONLY AFTER THE EXCLUSION OF AN ORGANIC ILLNESS BY USING COMPLEMENTARY EXAMS. THE TREATMENT IS PRINCIPALLY SURVEILLANCE AND SUPPORT, AND GENERALLY THE PATIENT WAKE UP SPONTANEOUSLY AFTER SEVERAL HOURS OR EVEN DAYS.


A thesis submitted to the Department of Sociology and Social Work, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Art in Sociology, 2016


An experiment was conducted to determine the optimal harvest maturity stage for short term cool dry or wet storage in Narcissus tazetta cv. Kashmir Local. The scapes were harvested at 0800 h when the scapes were at tight bud stage. The harvested scapes were cut to a uniform size of 20 cm and processed for dry and wet storage at 5 and 10° C. A separate set of scapes each for dry and wet storage was kept at room temperature (15 ±2°C). After 72 h of storage the scapes were kept at room temperature in test solutions viz. distilled water, Sucrose (0.15M) and Sucrose (0.15M) + 8-HQS (50 mg L ). The average vase life of scapes was assessed to 1 be terminated when 50% open flowers senesced, which was characterized by loss of turgor followed by wilting of tepals. The scapes dry or wet stored at 5 and 10°C for 72 h had maintained their premature status, whereas flowers on most of the scapes had generally bloomed during storage at room temperature. The results of our experiments showed that the scapes previously wet stored in distilled water for 72 h at 5°C before transfer to Sucrose (0.15M) + 8-HQS (50 mg L ) exhibited marked improvement in blooming, solution uptake, maintenance 1 of membrane integrity, fresh or dry mass of flowers, sugar fractions and soluble proteins with a corresponding decrease in - amino acids. The present results suggest that cool wet storage of premature scapes of Narcissus tazetta for 72 h at 5°C in distilled water improved subsequent postharvest performance in the holding solution (Sucrose +8- HQS) and can be used as an effective postharvest strategy for this beautiful cut flower.


With the rapid development and globalization of the semiconductor industry, hardware security has emerged as a critical concern. New attacking and tampering methods are continuously challenge current hardware protection methods. Combating these powerful attacks is of great importance in securing hardware devices. This paper proposes a novel framework to protect Physical Unclonable Function (PUF) against modeling attacks, denominated as Noisy PUF (NoPUF). NoPUF exploits structural unpredictability to improve overall security. We present several PUF architectures under the proposed framework that could reconfigure a conventional reliable PUF to a noisy PUF. The reconfigured PUF becomes inherently unreliable and hence achieves a higher resistance against modeling attacks. Moreover, since only a small portion of the Challenge-Response Pairs (CRPs) are required for authentication, the designer can use the information obtained from the initial reliable PUF configuration to find CRPs, which are still reliable in the noisy PUF configuration for authentication. Exploiting such information asymmetry between designer and attacker is the nexus of the proposed NoPUF design methodology. Experimental results show that we can achieve a maximum attacker and designer accuracy difference of 44.79% for a 64-stage NoPUF candidate architecture while ensuring high reliability for selected challenges.


We examined community impacts of phosphorus and mosquitofish (Gambusia affinis) in an experimental mesocosm study of factorial design in which two levels of phosphorus addition were cross-classified with two levels of fish. Total phosphorus (TP), chlorophyll, cryptomonads, unicellular green algae, unicellular blue-green algae, colonial blue-green algae, filamentous blue-green algae, chironomid tube length, cladocerans, fish density, and fish biomass were significantly enhanced in the presence of phosphorus addition. Total nitrogen (TN), TN:TP ratio, Secchi depth, chrysophytes, and periphytic diatoms were suppressed in the presence of phosphorus addition. Diatoms, filamentous blue-green algae, chrysophytes, periphytic unicellular and colonial green algae, periphytic filamentous blue-green algae, and rotifers were enhanced in the presence of mosquitofish. Secchi depth, TN:TP ratio, cyclopoid copepodids, nauplii, cladocerans, and chironomid tubes were suppressed in the presence of mosquitofish. We found sign...


The good terms between labor and management is the basic function for constructing harmonious society of socialism.Such relationship is of cultural significance.The conflict between labor and management resulting from the complicated labor regulations can be solved if we take cultural factors into consideration.


This study evaluates the future impact of climate change on hydrological components in a 8.54 km2 mixed forest watershed located in the northwest of South Korea. Before future assessment, the SWAT (Soil Water Assessment Tool) model was calibrated using two years (2007-2008) and validated by using one year (2009) of daily observed streamflow, evapotranspiration, and soil moisture. Hydrological predicted values matched well with the observed values during calibration and validation (R2 > 0.6 and Nash-Sutcliffe efficiency > 0.5). The MIROC3.2hires GCM (general circulation model) data of the SRES (special report on emissions scenarios) A1B and B1 scenarios of the IPCC (Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change) were adopted for future assessment and downscaled using the LARS-WG (Long Ashton Research Station - Weather Generator) stochastic weather generator after bias correction with 30 years (1970-2000) of ground measured data. The A1B scenario reflects a future world of very rapid economic growth, low population growth, and rapid introduction of new and more efficient technology. The B1 scenario reflects a very heterogeneous world. The underlying theme is that of strengthening regional cultural identities, with an emphasis on family values and local traditions, high population growth, and less concern for rapid economic development. As a result, the future changes in annual temperature, precipitation, and evapotranspiration showed an upward tendency and streamflow and soil moisture showed a downward tendency in both scenarios.


Trading-off candidate designs against requirements is a critical activity for many projects. This is especially so where the goals of many stakeholders conflict, and therefore cannot all be satisfied. Traditionally, weighting has been used to try to combine scores on different criteria, so as to identify a winning design. However, this has a weak mathematical basis: criteria should be independent dimensions, and may be measured in different units. The statistical technique of Principal Components Analysis offers a robust approach: given clear data, it gives clear guidance, of the form: "if you prefer these criteria, you should favour these candidates". Otherwise, it indicates that no guidance can be given. Either way, this rightly places responsibility for decision-making on human shoulders. The outcome is an improved trade-off process for projects.


In transgenic mice, recombinant DNAsmicroinjected into pronuclei of fertilized eggs are generally integrated into host chromosomes.1} The integration mechanism of microinjected DNA is not fully understood because of limited information concerning the structures of integrated foreign DNAs(transgenes) and their flanking chromosomalDNAs.Transgenes of a few transgenic mice and their flanking regions have been cloned and analyzed.2~6) However, these methods included time-consuming steps, such as construction of genomic libraries, cloning, and subcloning. We have reported that polymerase chain reaction (PCR)7) and inverted PCR (IPCR)8~10) techniques were


Human's group activities have contributed to the development of group recommender systems. The group recommender system can provide personalised services for various online user groups through analysing groups' preferences. However, current group recommendation methods have failed to exploit complex relationships among users, groups and items when extracting groups' preferences. Meanwhile, most previous works are based on crisp techniques, which result in rigid preference profiling. Benefiting from the development of graph attention networks, this paper represents the complex relationships among users, groups and items as various graphs, including user-/group-item graph, user-group graph and user-user graph, and proposes a hierarchical fuzzy graph attention network (HGAT-F) to enhance fuzzy profiling for both groups and items. Experiments results on real world datasets show that HGAT-F has enhanced group recommendation than previous works.


In this paper an adaptive robust control scheme along with its simulation on quadrotor is presented to deal with payload variation and unknown disturbance. Parametric and nonparametric uncertainties in the quadrotor model always make it difficult to design a controller to meet the performance requirement in various conditions during flight time. Adaptive robust backstepping (ARB) control, which is based on improved Lyapunov theory, is suggested to solve the problem. The proposed control scheme introduces piecewise functions into parameter adaptation law and control law to avoid control chattering while the Lyapunov function uniformly bounded is used. This choice not only provides guaranteed transient and asymptotic tracking performance but also precisely estimates the system parameters. Promising simulation results in different environments are carried out to demonstrate the efficiency and robustness of ARB control, and its advantages are indicated in comparison with conventional PID controller.


This work addresses fuzzy adaptive tracking control of uncertain nonlinear systems with unknown control gain signs. Nussbaum functions are used to eliminate the effect of unknown control directions (i.e. unknown control gain signs). In order to make tracking errors approach a predefined neighborhood, two controllers are developed by the aid of fuzzy adaptive prescribed performance control (PPC) technique. The controlled system is transformed to an equivalent one by using appropriate transformation function. Under the proposed tracking controllers without accurate initial errors, the boundedness of all involved variables is guaranteed. Moreover, the tracking errors can remain within the small prescribed performance bounds (PPBs). Finally, simulation results show the effectiveness of the proposed methods.


Microsatellites are repetitive regions of DNA which account for a highly significant amount of eukaryotic genomes. In this study we use a vast amount of microsatellite data from the human genome, and use an evolutionary algorithm to search for DNA patterns which might yield clues about their generation and perhaps their inhibition too. We find that the evolutionary algorithm uncovers several significant patterns which indicate preferences for microsatellites to appear nearby, and other patterns which seem to inhibit microsatellite production. The results show that both attractors and inhibitors to microsatellite production seem to exist, and are motif-dependent. We feel this represents a nice example of using evolutionary algorithms to find previously unimagined fuel for molecular biology hypothesis making.


Speckle noise in the image formed by the replay of a laser hologram was removed by thresholding the wavelet coeecients. The optimal threshold value was obtained by iteratively approaching the minimum of the diierence between the estimated noise standard deviation and the removed noise standard deviation. Results show that this method can eeectively reduce speckle noise, while maintaining edge sharpness.


Objective:The aim of this study was to explore the relationship between diabetic and periodontal disease among elderly patients in community,and to search the oral health of Chinese old people.Methods:Data of 560 residents had been collected from one community by the dentist through questionnaires and oral health examination,and 546 questionnaires was valid.The information was analyzed with software such as Foxpro 6.0 and SPSS 11.5.Result:The result of the survey showed that 106 people suffered with diabetes,while 440 people did not have diabetes.The demographic characteristics between the two groups well balanced.Statistically significant differences of the prevalence of periodontitis between the two groups were observed(x2=28.767,P=0.001).People with diabetes had higher prevalence of heavy periodontitis than nondiabetics with significant differences(x2=63.219,P=0.001).Differences of attachment loss between the two groups were statistically significant(P 0.01).Discussion:The oral health behavior of the elderly was inadequate.Elderly diabetic patients' oral health is poor,who have higher prevalence of periodontitis and severe periodontitis than nondiabetics.We suggest that doctors should pay attention to provide oral health care for the elderly people with diabetes,and the work of oral health education should be strengthened.


The authors describe a half-bridge resonant converter with a T-type tank circuit, in which output voltage is insensitive to load variations, and only a very narrow range of switching frequency variation is required for output control. The output impedance reduction effect due to the T-type tank circuit was demonstrated through both simulation and experiment. A prototype resonant converter with a T-type tank circuit was constructed with specifications the same as those of a 150 W pulse-width-modulation (PWM) forward converter and its losses were compared to those of the PWM converter.<<ETX>>


Objective To investigate the relationship between colonic dynamic abnormality and psychological factors in elderly patients(EP) with chronic idiopathic constipation(CIC). Methods 59 elderly patients with CIC and 36 elderly healthy subjects(EHS) were analysed. Total and segmental colonic transit times were assessed radiographically using radiopaque markers method. All subjects completed a self-rated inventory assessing psychological distress including depression(SDS) and anxiety(SAS). Results (1)Total and segmengal colonic transit times were significantly prolonged in elderly patients with CIC than in EHS (P0.05). (2)Total and segmental transit times of long-term laxative users of elder CIC patients were prolonged than that of intermittent and non-laxative users (P0.05).(3)In elder patients, the scores of SDS and SAS were higher in EP than those in EHS (P0.05).(4)For CIC patients,the score of SDS of those with prolonged segmental transit times was significantly higher than those with normal segmental transit times, and the score of SAS of those with normal segmental transit times was significantly higher than those with prolonged segemtnal transit times. Conclusions (1)There were abnormal colonic dynamics in elderly patients with CIC. (2)Both depression and anxiety were associated with abnormal colonic dynamics in EP with CIC.


Abstract In this article, based on the path homology theory of digraphs, which has been initiated and studied by Grigor'yan, Lin, Muranov, and Yau, we prove the existence and uniqueness of solutions to the problem ∥ w ∥ = min u ∈ Ω 2 ( G ) , u ≠ 0 1 2 ∥ ∂ u − w ∥ 2 2 + ∣ u ∣ 1 \parallel w\parallel =\mathop{\min }\limits_{u\in {\Omega }_{2}\left(G),u\ne 0}\left\{\phantom{\rule[-1.25em]{}{0ex}},\frac{1}{2}{\parallel \partial u-w\parallel }_{2}^{2}+{| u| }_{1}\right\} for w ∈ H 1 ( G ) w\in {H}_{1}\left(G) and any digraph G G generated by squares and triangles belonging to the same cluster.


Robert Cuccioli, who played opposite Carlsen in the company's 2005 production of Lorenzaccio, returned as a surprisingly young Claudius, giving credence to Hamlet's charges of lust in his considerably older mother ( Janet Zarish). Cuccioli's Claudius showed few signs of a guilty conscience, determined, instead, to keep the ship of Denmark's state running smoothly—at least on the surface. Hamlet's scenes with the ghost (Ted van Griethuysen) were less spectacular than in most productions, revealing a more human link between father and son. Attending this production was a bit like meeting up with an old friend that you thought you knew. Besides Carlsen's frenetic performance, the most startling moment was Kahn's decision to place the play's most familiar soliloquy immediately after Polonius's interview with Hamlet, moving directly from "You cannot take from me any thing that I will not more willingly part withal—except my life, except my life, except my life" to "To be, or not to be, that is the question." While the transposition seemed logical, it considerably shortened the process of Hamlet's soul-searching delays and diminished the powerful surge of determination (albeit temporary) that customarily follows the First Player's recitation of death of Priam. In the end, however, it's hard not to admire an attempt to make new Shakespeare's best known play.


A highly reliable and efficient battery management system (BMS) is crucial for applications that are powered by electrochemical power. Cell balancing is one of the most important features of a BMS. Cell balancing techniques help to distribute energy evenly among battery cells. Without cell balancing, a portion of the capacity or energy in the battery bank will be wasted, especially for long battery string which operates in frequent recycling condition. In this paper, some popular cell balancing techniques are described and categorized according to the way of processing redundant energy in battery cells.


Blueberries have high nutritional and economic values and are characterized by large amount of varieties,special cultivation conditions,a concentrated mature period and picky preservation conditions. Besides,the development of blueberry industry highly depends on science and technology. This paper,from the perspective of informatics,analyzed the distribution characteristics and research status of blueberry-related patents in China with the method of bibliometrics. It aims to provide enlightenment for the in-depth development and utilization of blueberries.


W7984 , a synthetic hexaploid wheat, was generated via a cross of the diploid D genome progenitor of cultivated wheat, Triticum tauschii (Coss.) Schmal. with the CIMMYT durum (AABB) variety PR88-89, using the durum as the female parent. The synthetic was then crossed with the hexaploid spring wheat cultivar "Opata85" and the F2 progeny was advanced by single-seed descent to F7. RFLP mapping was carried out on a set of 114 of the resulting inbred lines. Maps of all chromosomes were constructed, including 918 RFLP markers . The population and the parents were used in a hydroponic experiment with nitrogen (N) sufficient (4.0 mmol/L) and deficient (0.4 mmol/L) treatments. After culture for 4 weeks, chlorophyll content in leaf was measured. Via these maps, QTL were identified and digenic interactions were analyzed for chlorophyll content in leaf. The results showed that, under N sufficient environment, 7 QTL were identified, explaining 4.30% to 13.45% of the variation; the 2 parents contributed almost the same effects to the chlorophyll content. Under N deficient environment, 9 QTL were found, explaining 4.04% to 11.73% of the variation. The effects were mostly contributed by the parent W7984, indicating that the progenitors had important contributions to the chlorophyll content under N deficient stress; and chlorophyll content was also influenced significantly by digenic interactions. It was noticeable that 1 locus under N sufficient level and 2 loci under N deficient affected both the shoot dry matter yield and the chlorophyll content, suggesting that there were fundamental links between the chlorophyll content and the dry matter yield. This research may be helpful to understand the genetic background of chlorophyll content in wheat under different levels of N supply.


The invention relates to the technical field of original pulp liquor grading devices, and in particular relates to an original pulp liquor detection and subpackage device. The device disclosed by the invention can mechanically detect the quality of original pulp liquor through a spectral analysis measure; the detection efficiency is relatively high, and a detection result is relatively accurate; the working cost is lowered, and injury to a human body is avoided; furthermore, grade subpackage can be realized according to the detection result. The original pulp liquor detection and subpackage device comprises a communicating pipe communicated with the output end of an original pulp liquor tank, a detection device, a controller, a plurality of flow division pipes and a plurality of flow division tanks, wherein the detection device is arranged on the communicating pipe, the output end of the communicating pipe is communicated with the flow division pipes, the output ends of the flow division pipes are communicated with the flow division tanks, and the number of the flow division pipes is the same as that of the flow division tanks; valves are arranged on all the flow division pipes and are electrically connected with the controller; the detection device is electrically connected with the controller.


Holmium laser angioplasty was performed in the atheromatous carotid artery of 10 rabbits to evaluate this mid-infrared laser as an alternative energy source for angioplasty. An additional 10 rabbits served as a control group. The laser emitted light at a wavelength of 2120 nm with pulse durations of 150 microsecond(s) . The energy density was 17.5 J/cm2. Cross sections were analyzed in regard to laser specific injury 7 and 14 days following laser irradiation. Staining of (alpha) -actin was used to identify smooth muscle cells (SMC), and bromodesoxyuridine labeling was carried out to determine the extent of proliferating cells. Integrity of the lamina elastica interna fibers was disrupted in 6 of 10 animals. In all animals, loss of medial SMCs was observed 7 and 14 days after treatment. Quantification of SMCs undergoing DNA synthesis in the intima and media showed a significant increase of labelled cells following laser irradiation. This proliferative response resulted in a significant increase of intimal thickening after laser ablation.


This paper deals with the effects of part's manufacturing errors on the vortex t orque of the externally pressurized gas journal thrust bearings with slot restr ictors by the finite element method. The consistent transform is adopted to prog ram for journal and thrust bearings uniformly. The second order partial differe ntial equation, Reynolds equation, is reduced by one order with a weighted resi dual method in the discretization procedure, which releases the requirement of c ontinuity degree of the interpolation function while the finite element method i s adopted. The analysis of this paper is centered on the influence of slot film width error and shaft surface roundness error on the vortex torque. The effects of the installation angle and the eccentricity of the journal on the vortex torq ue are discussed also. The predicted characteristics are in good agreement with experimental results. The research results have great significance for the desi gn, assembly optimization and performance prediction of gas bearings.


In this study we investigated the distribution of dissolved and particulate zinc (dZn and pZn respectively) and its isotopes in the Subantarctic Zone as part of a Geotraces Process voyage. dZn and pZn depth profiles contrasted each other, with dZn showing depletion within the euphotic zone while pZn profiles showed enrichment. Fitting a power law equation to the pZn profiles produced an attenuation factor of 0.82, which contrasted values for particulate phosphorus, cadmium and copper. The results indicate that zinc has a longer regeneration length scale than phosphorus and cadmium, but shorter than copper. The differential regeneration of pZn relative to that of particulate phosphorus likely explains why dZn appears to have a deeper regeneration profile than that of phosphate. The dZn isotope (δ66Zndissolved) profiles collected across the Subantarctic Zone showed differing profile structures. For one station collected within an isolated cold-core eddy (CCE), δ66Zndissolved showed surface enrichment relative to deep waters. The corresponding pZn isotope profiles within the CCE did not show enrichment; rather, they were subtly depleted in surface waters and then converged to similar values at depth. Zinc isotope fractionation can be explained through a combination of fractionation processes associated with uptake by phytoplankton, zinc complexation by natural organic ligands and zinc regeneration from particulate matter.


In this paper, we design an image-based robust feedback controller to compensate parametric uncertainties. The proposed controller using dynamic compensation scheme leads to improvement in transient response while achieving asymptotic regulation in the presence of parametric uncertainties. The ultimately uniform boundedness of the closed-loop system is proved by the Lyapunov method. The performance of the proposed control system is demonstrated by experiments of a 5 link SAMSUNG FARA industrial robot manipulator with two degree of freedom.


We report experimental and theoretical studies on time-resolved generation and detection of coherent acoustic phonons in bulk GaN single crystals with an ultrafast two-color pump-probe technique. Optically-induced electronic stress is responsible for the phonon generation.


The theoretical study of electronic structure of selected silanethiols X3SiSH (X = H, C2H5, OCH3, F, Cl or Br) and the related anions X3SiS � was carried out using density functional theory (DFT) geometry optimizations, analysis of natural bond orbitals (NBO) and bond orders. Structures were examined to find correlations between selected bond lengths. Short Si–S bonds always accompany long Si–X bonds. Delocalization of lone pairs of sulfur atoms to antibonds r � SiAX gives a simple, but not fully satisfactory, explanation of this phenomenon. The shortening of Si–S bond on deprotonation of X3SiSH is also observed in carbosilanethiols, although Si–C bonds lengthen not much, so increasing of strength of rSiS bond by change in the overlap integral seems to be the main reason of Si–S shortage. The relationship between the two effects was analyzed. Geometry changes during deprotonation of trialkoxysilanethiols provide new arguments for justification of exceptionally low acidity of (Bu t O)3SiSH. X-ray structures of known copper group metals' trialkoxysilanethiolates and trialkyl(aryl)silanethiolates are reviewed and their common features described. Total Mulliken charge of the whole silanethiolato rest gives relatively good correlation with the shortening of the Si–S bond lengths. Characteristic tendency to form homoleptic tetramers [{R3SiSM}4] (R = alkyl, aryl or alkoxy group) or mononuclear heteroleptic complexes R3SiSMLn (M = Cu, Ag, Au, L = phosphine or amine, n = 1–3) is discussed in terms of frontier orbitals' properties of the R3SiSM fragment.


The Research Grant number in Acknowledgments section in page 9 stating that "This work was supported in part by Research Grant 20590847" was wrong and the corrected one is "23591070."


An off-line program system for laser welding robot based on 3D vision is designed in this paper.Laser visual sensor is used to get position information of space weld seams.By image processing and coordinate transformation,the standard program codes for robot are created.Space welding is based on these codes.


The aim of the article is to characterise the specific functions of personal predicative constructions with the semantics of a positive state of mind in Akhmatova's poetry. The author analyses the collections Evening, The Rosary, The White Pack, Plantain, Anno Domini. The study considers personal predicative constructions, using the continuous sampling method to identify them, as well as the structural-semantic description of the linguistic material using the functional approach. The analysis has shown that the main body of Akhmatova's literary texts are syntactic constructions with a personal predicate expressing state of mind. Akhmatova's skillful use of personal predicative constructions enabled her to express her feelings and emotions in a concise and expressive form. The material of this article reveals the peculiarities of Akhmatova's creative method. The theoretical methodology for analysing constructions with predicate can be used when working with the language of the texts written by other authors of the early 20th century, because the predicate is a universal means of creating an artistic image in the poetry and prose of the Silver Age.


We present in this paper an informed single-channel dereverberation method based on conditional generation with diffusion models. With knowledge of the room impulse response, the anechoic utterance is generated via reverse diffusion using a measurement consistency criterion coupled with a neural network that represents the clean speech prior. The proposed approach is largely more robust to measurement noise compared to a state-of-the-art informed single-channel dereverberation method, especially for non-stationary noise. Furthermore, we compare to other blind dereverberation methods using diffusion models and show superiority of the proposed approach for large reverberation times. We motivate our algorithm by introducing an extension for blind dereverberation allowing joint estimation of the room impulse response and anechoic speech. Audio samples and code can be found online 1.


Islamic ethics should be of interest to both Muslims and non-Muslims because it takes much of the central core of Islam, if we can include Islamic law...


Innovation has been pointed out as one of the main tools for the countries' economic development facing globalization. For economic growth to happen in an egalitarian way, it is necessary to strengthen, expand, consolidate and integrate a country's research and innovation capacities, that is, strengthening its National Science, Technology and Innovation System. In this system, it is primordial that t there is a close relationship between research institutes, ST & I developers, and companies, especially small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs), considered to be key players in the socio-economic development of countries. Brazil already presents initiatives that seek to strengthen relations and encourage the development of technology among these actors. This article aims to discuss the relationships between the CT & I sector and its relations with SMEs, especially in Brazil, so that together they allow the development of the economy. For this, a brief literature review was carried out, which was structured in: Relation between ST&I and the national development, where will be treated some countries experience and where brazilian hystorical process will be shown; The importance of SMEs for a country economic growth, where the relations between ST&I and SME will be treated and also its indicators. Despite the innovation power for the development of the countries economies is in constant discussion, it is still a need for discussion between companies and SMEs as a fundamental relation for the growth of companies and consequently for the socio-economic growth, since as SMEs are today driving forces for development. For the central dialogue current in Brazil, the proceedings of these countries between ST & I and companies are required.


The objective was to increase the awareness and interest in the topic; to test the knowledge in the applied aspects of family welfare and demography in community health; and to enhance student participation in acquiring the knowledge. Study design: Descriptive study Setting : Department of Preventive and Social Medicine JIPMER Pondicherry. Participants : MBBS students studying in the fourth clinical semester. A series of two quiz competitions were conducted to teach family welfare and demography during the year 1999 to medical undergraduates. Competitions were arranged between four teams of 4-5 students and MCQs were administered to all students. Each quiz consisted of case history visual and rapid-fire rounds. Feedback was elicited at the end of each quiz. Out of 70 students enrolled 76% to 86% attended the first and the second quiz session respectively. The performance of students in quiz was encouraging with the winning teams scoring 85% in both the sessions. In the MCQ round 60% of the students scored between 61-80 marks in first session and 93% scored between 81-100 marks in the second session. Students appreciated the quiz method as it was different from the routine lecture classes; innovative and interesting; and helped them to come prepared; offered scope for participation of the whole class; and helped to develop a competitive spirit. Some students suggested more questions in each round; more rounds in each quiz; and more quiz competitions in other topics also. Quiz was used to teach family welfare and demography to medical undergraduates successfully. The performance of the students and their participation were very much encouraging. (authors)


This article delves into the relationship of continuity between the ethical rules that should govern the principles of the journalistic profession and the regulatory framework provided by law for a full and respectful of social goods inherent in the profession. To do this, will run the relevance of a selfimposed and agreed by all parties involved in the daily practice of journalism that is appropriate to the defense of another series of rights of citizens enshrined in the Constitution which could come into confrontation.


Abstract : Pervasive conflict throughout much of Sub-Saharan Africa defies easy resolution due to a unique web of factors. Poor governance, ethnic rivalry, mismanagement of land and natural resources, declining economic conditions, and widespread poverty and famine form a daunting bulwark against stability. In recent centuries, much of the western world rose above these destabilizing factors because of socio-political-economic stability gained from two trends: the spread of constitutional democracy and economic globalization. Two major occurrences, colonialism and the Cold War, prevented the Sub-Saharan states from following these two trends. The disruption in sovereignty caused by colonialism, which was then followed by hastily formed governments during the Cold War, spawned conditions of corruption, scarcity, and violent competition. These conditions make it difficult for African states to achieve lasting stability and advance economically. As a result, any stability gained is often fleeting, and conflict remains inevitable. To improve stability in Africa, the United States and other nations must implement policies that correct the long-term effects of colonialism and the Cold War.


Abstract— Hydrophilic products of chlorophyll a photodegradation are structurally identified using UV/visible and fourier transform infrared spectrophotometry and gas chromatography‐mass spectrometry. The major peak detected during reverse‐phase high performance liquid chromatography of the colourless photodegradation products is identified as glycerol. Lactic, citric, succinic and malonic acids, as well as alanine, are also identified.


In this work, we will consider how to design and implement tools or Information System based and enriched by a semantic search engines to the forums in the world of online gambling (articles, tutorials, etc.) supporting both textual and semantic expressions. On the basis of this new approach, based on neuro-economic field, we will look on addiction using neuroscience and game theory in order to construct an efficient Information System that takes into account the expectations and attitudes of players. Keywords-online; gambling; addiction; neuroeconomy; game theory; information system.


Skull bone development is a dynamic and well‐coordinated process playing a key role in maturation and maintenance of the bone marrow (BM), fracture healing, and progression of diseases such as osteoarthritis or osteoporosis. At present, dynamic transformation of the growing bone (osteogenesis) as well as its vascularization (angiogenesis) remain largely unexplored due to the lack of suitable in vivo imaging techniques capable of noninvasive visualization of the whole developing calvaria at capillary‐level resolution. We present a longitudinal study on skull bone development using ultrasound‐aided large‐scale optoacoustic microscopy (U‐LSOM). Skull bone morphogenesis and microvascular growth patterns were monitored in three common mouse strains (C57BL/6J, CD‐1, and Athymic Nude‐Foxn1nu) at the whole‐calvaria scale over a 3‐month period. Strain‐specific differences in skull development were revealed by quantitative analysis of bone and vessel parameters, indicating the coupling between angiogenesis and osteogenesis during skull bone growth in a minimally invasive and label‐free manner. The method further enabled identifying BM‐specific sinusoidal vessels, and superficial skull vessels penetrating into BM compartments. Our approach furnishes a new high‐throughput longitudinal in vivo imaging platform to study morphological and vascular skull alterations in health and disease, shedding light on the critical links between blood vessel formation, skull growth, and regeneration. © 2022 The Authors. Journal of Bone and Mineral Research published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of American Society for Bone and Mineral Research (ASBMR).


The translation is based on the original published version of 'Apologie des Teufels' in F. I. Niethammer's Philosophisches Journal einer Gesellschaft Teutscher Gelehrten. To facilitate reference to the text, we have numbered the paragraphs, using square brackets to indicate that the numbers are not part of the original text. When citing Erhard's German text in the footnotes to the translation, we have preserved the original orthography (e.g. Cultur instead of Kultur, etc.). Erhard's own footnotes are indicated using asterisks. Because Erhard draws heavily on Kantian terminology, we have followed recent conventions for translating Kant's terms; thus, erkennen is translated as 'to cognize' or 'to recognize' rather than as 'to know'.


Abstract In the young learner (YL) foreign language (FL) classroom, oracy is more important than literacy, but teaching speaking is still primarily repetitive in many contexts. Free speaking activities are difficult to create for teachers and accomplish for learners. This research investigated the ways in which imaginative digital storytelling (DST) tasks can improve oracy and the prior knowledge needed to negotiate meaning. The main data of this study, which were collected over one academic year, comprised a questionnaire of 19 Swiss Year 4 students, video and audio recordings of two dyads working on four collaborative oral DST tasks and a semi-structured interview with the four children and their class/English teacher. The results revealed that collaborative end-of-unit tasks enabled the children to creatively recycle the language learnt. Scaffolding and language support provided on the task sheet allowed a creative and personal approach to DST, which was a motivating experience. Clear guidance for classroom talk fostered collaboration and personal, social and problem-solving competences. These findings have implications for YL FL pedagogy and highlight the need for further theoretical insights into task-based DST.


Aims. This study focuses on very luminous (Mbol 1.5 mag and H − Ks > 0.4 mag in the LMC, SMC, M 31, and M 33 from 2MASS data. Methods. The data were taken from the 2MASS All-Sky Point Source catalogue archive. We used Virtual Observatory tools and took advantage of its capabilities at various stages in the analysis. Results. It is well known that stars with the colors we selected correspond mainly to carbon stars. Although the most luminous AGBs detected here contain a large number of carbon stars, they are not included in existing catalogues produced from data in the optical domain, where they are not visible since they are dust-enshrouded. A comparison of the AGB stars detected with combined near and mid–infrared data from MSX and 2MASS in the LMC shows that 10% of the bright AGB stars are bright carbon stars never detected before and that the other 50% are OH/IR oxygen rich stars, whereas the 40% that remain were not cross–matched. Conclusions. The catalogues of the most luminous AGB stars compiled here are an important complement to existing data. In the LMC, these bright AGB stars are centrally located, whereas they are concentrated in an active star-formation ring in M 31. In the SMC and M 33, there are not enough of them to draw definite conclusions, although they tend to be centrally located. Their luminosity functions are similar for the four galaxies we studied.


This chapter provides a brief overview of various coastal web atlas projects around the world, providing a contextual bridge to the atlas case studies of Chapters 6-14. A summary of the policy context within which many European atlases operate is followed by a summary of other efforts emerging in Australia, the Western Pacific, Africa, and the Caribbean (as facilitated mainly by the Ocean Data and Information Network of the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization's International Oceanographic Data and Information Exchange). Atlas projects in the U.S. are summarized mainly via the results of a recent national survey of coastal managers reporting on the deployment and content of their atlases, with concluding thoughts on where there might be opportunities to develop approaches for a federated coastal atlas of the U.S.


Objectives To study the expressions of urokinase-type plasminogen activator (uPA) and its receptor (uPAR) in the gliomas, and to analysis the relationship between uPA and uPAR expressions and the grade of human gliomas. Methods The levels of uPA and uPAR protein expressions were determined by immunohistochemical technique in 58 cases of the gliomas and 10 samples of the normal brain tissue. Results The expressions of uPA and uPAR were not detected in normal brain tissures, and positively correlated with the pathological grade of the gliomas (P0.01). Conclusions The high levels of uPA and uPAR expressions may reflect a malignant biological behavior of the glioma cells.


The authors discuss staff attitudes at a vocational teacher education College in Moscow. A questionnaire and interviews given to the predominantly women staff reveal a strong sense of professional and personal commitment, sustained with growing uncertainty as the market economy threatens every aspect of their lives. Findings are related to recent studies of Russian women, to definitions of feminism, post-modernist debate on respect for diversity; on the need for values and the understanding of community.


factors are missing from one article of diet they will probably be supplied in others. It is by no mneans so sure that tllis rernains true in the case of the child population. I would ask you here to give your attention to certain matters of fact, hoping that you will not think them trivial because they concern foodstuffs that are so familiar. First consider our bread supply. The ancient controversy concerning the relative merits of brown and white bread has been tainted by prejudice. We have lhad entlhusiasm without knowledge on the one side, and, to some extent at least, we have had the influence of trade initerests on tlle other side. I hold no brief for whole-meal bread. I think the well-fed and well-to-do public may be jtistifietd, now' the war is over, in insisting upon returning to its verv white loaf, if this loaf suits its tastes and appetite better than any other. Other articles eaten will stirely suipply any deficiency. It is well to face the facts, lhowever. The elaborate milling, the "refining" which thie wheat grain suffers before it appears in the form of otur white flours, deprives it entirely of its water-soluble vitamine. If our pure white wheaten flour were in this country to form so large a proportion of the whole diet as rice does in the East, beri-beri would with certainty appear among us. Indeed, in certain limited communities it is said to have followed the use of white bread. The wheat grain, no less than the rice grain, shows that an essential nutritive factor may lhave an unequal and limited distribution in a natural product, and illustrates the danger of "4 fractionating " natural foods to which I referred in my opening remarks. It is clear that the danger of any deficiency in bread becomes the greater the more it bulks as a constituent of the wlhole diet. In the case of thle poor-and especially the clhildren of the poor-it undoubtedly bulks largely. Consider again the question of margarine as a substitute for butter. If the margarine is made wlholly of vegetable fats, it lacks the fat-soluble vitamine. It is not by any means a trivial point to remember that brown bread and butter is, from the standpoint of vitamine supply, an excellent combination, while wlhite bread and margarine may be a desperately bad one. Speaking in parenthesis, I may sav that I happen to be aware from personal knowledge that the margarine industry in this country is quite alive to the significance of the facts. Given full liberty of action, thle trade is, I believe, both willing and able to turn out products free from the reproach of this deficiency. We must remember, again, that polished rice contributes not a little to the table of the poor, especially in some districts, and is often eaten plain boiled. Many of the advertised proprietary breakfast foods and invalid foods are practically devoid of vitamine. In connexion witlh the antiscorbutic vitamine in particular, let it be called to mind that tinned foods are largely used in poor households-for one thing, because they often need no cooking. In these very households salads are rare, and during those periods of the year when fruit is dear extraordinarily small amounts of fresh foodstuffs are consumed. Yet, it 'may be said, in spite of all tllis, beri-beri or pel1 agra or any disease like tllem is uinkuown in this country; and scurvy is, to say tlle least of it, very rare. But disturbances in health may exist without arriving at tlhe extreme stage wlhen the appearance of a severe set of symptoms leads. to the recognition of actual disease. In particular is this true of conditions of malnutrition, and, unless the considerations I have put before you are wholly baseless, malnutrition may arise irrespective of the quantity of food eaten. It may depend not upon insufficient food btit upon badtly treated foods or upon an ill-chosen combination of foods. There is no point in all that I have said that I would like to emphasize more than this: Absence of an essential vitamine from the food means disease; but no more than a relative deficiency of a vitamine may mean bad nutrition. In my own opinion at least the diets of the poor-and once again it is the children who are chiefly concerned-often display such deficiency. In connexion with a point such as this a study of national supply, or even of family budgets, gives only partial information. Even when the total family food-budget is satisfactory, icvnorant and ill-judged feeding of the chlild members is both possible and common. The worst of it is that at present the facts are not generally recognized, even by the medical profession, and the ill health with which such deficiencies as we have been considering are associated is, in my belief, misunderstood and wrongly treated. The case of rickets, however, stands out. Rickets is very common in this country. True rickets is a disease which, though crippling, is not fatal in itself. It is, nevertheless, a factor of supreme importance to the country because of its indirect effect upon the infantile death-rate. The child who is rickety is much more prone to other ailments-much more vulnerable in all respects-thanu,a normal child. I will not dogmatize with regard t,its origin. The mere suspicion that it may be due -tpo..a specific dietetic error, such as a deficiency in the supply: of the fat-soluble vitamine, should awaken instant interest. Once we are convinced of the primary importance of this factor it will becomeof national importance to look to the question not alone of the quantity,. but of the quality, of the fat in the diets of infants and of nursing mothers. Mention of the nursing mother brings me to. y last point. Evidence has accumulated to suggest that vitamines are not made in the animal body. The aina1 depends ultimately upon the plant for a supply. They accumulate in the tissues of lherbivorous animals, and there, as well as in the plant, they are available for human consumption. But if vitamines are not made in the b9dy at all, this means, in the case of the nursing mother, that if slhe consume a diet deficient in vitamines her milk may ultimately become deficient-to the complete detriment of the nutrition of.her child. Animal experiments have already revealed such deficiencies in milk. It will be seen that the wvhole question of infant feeding is one in which a knowledge of these special accessory food factors is particularly important. The deficiencies which we lhave been considering are indeed of more urgent importance in connexion with the nutrition of the young than wlhen adults are concerned. Hence what I believe to be the national importance of the subject. Whether this importance prove ultimately to be less than some of us believe, or whether-for this is quite possible-it may prove to be of as yet unsuspected importance, it shiould in any case awaken public interest. We are yet at the bare beginning of its study.


In linguistic work, morphology is the study of the rules by which words undergo changes in form. Morphological classification is the systematic organization of these rules. A detailed account of the morphological classification for Russian is given as used in the National Bureau of Standards project on the mechanical translation of Russian into English. The account includes the heuristic reasoning from which the classification system evolved, as well as complete classification tables, a description of the method of their construction, and some examples of their use.


In this paper, the authors present the characteristics of DEFINITE (decisions on a finite set of alternatives), which is a decision support package for discrete choice problems. The first part of this paper describes the use of the tool using a simple decision problem, while in the second part the program is applied on a series of environmental case studies in The Netherlands.


ABSTRACT Technology transfer remains one of the key functions of universities, seen with the growing importance attached to interactions between them and industry partners. Relying on self-determination theory (SDT), we develop a framework comprising the core motivational factors inherent in the design of industry projects and individual determinants which influence a professor's willingness to engage in industry interaction activities. Based on a conjoint experiment among 250 U.S. professors in engineering sciences, our findings suggest that motivational incentives shape a professor's disposition towards industry interaction. We additionally provide further insight into how intrinsic motivational structures towards industry engagement are moderated by individual characteristics, including the short-term orientation of professors towards industry activities. Our results contribute to research on university-industry interactions by developing deeper insights into the motivational structures of individual researchers. We also provide practical insights for university administrators and industry managers.


It has long been known that the hippopotamus-demon Taweret was imported into Crete in the Middle Minoan period (contemp. early 13th Dynasty). Although she quickly received a libation jug as her specific Minoan attribute, she otherwise displayed Egyptian iconography – swollen belly, pendulous breasts, 'hippopotanmus-like' head, and a long, broad dorsal appendage. Before the end of MM IIB, however, she began to be depicted with a lion's head and an elegantly-decorated dorsal appendage. Her continued iconographical development into the LBA 'Minoan Genius' can be followed through changes in her bodily appearance as well as a new collection of attributes in addition to the libation jug. In contrast, there were only the most indirect iconographical hints that the related demon, Bes, had also come to Crete. Now, the first Bes-like image appears on a gem from eastern Crete datable to MM IIB. Although the demon had already substantially altered from its prototype, its Egyptian origin is quite clear. Perhaps surprisingly, the Minoans imported the rarer female demon, so-called Beset, rather than male Bes. In this paper, we examine the contemporary Egyptian iconography of Bes[et], consider how the original imported image might have looked, and how it was adapted by the Minoans. We also touch the question of why the Minoans continued to depict the 'Minoan Genius' until late in the Bronze Age while Bes and her derivatives soon disappeared. This paper is dedicated to the memory of J.F. Romano


Supplemental digital content is available in the text. ABSTRACT Purpose Community-level group participation is a structural aspect of social capital that may have a contextual influence on individual health. We investigated the contextual effect of community-level prevalence of sports group participation on the risk of cognitive impairment among older individuals. Methods We analyzed prospective cohort data from the Japan Gerontological Evaluation Study, a nationwide survey of 40,308 functionally independent older individuals from 346 communities. Cognitive impairment was assessed by the nationally standardized dementia scale proposed by the Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare of Japan. Participation in a sports group 1 d per month or more frequently was defined as "participation." We applied a two-level multilevel survival analysis to calculate hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI). Results The cumulative incidence of cognitive impairment during the 6-yr follow-up period was 9.8%. The mean proportion of sports group participation was 25.2% (range, 0.0%–56.5%). Higher prevalence of community-level sports group participation was associated with a lower risk of cognitive impairment (HR, 0.92; 95% CI, 0.86–0.99, estimated by 10 percentage points of participation proportion) after adjusting for individual-level sports group participation, sex, age, disease, obesity, social isolation, alcohol, smoking, education, income, depression, daily walking time, population density, and sunlight hours. We found cross-level interaction between individual- and community-level sports group participation (HR, 0.87; 95% CI, 0.76–0.99). Conclusions We found a contextual preventive effect of community-level sports group participation on developing cognitive impairment among older individuals. Furthermore, the benefit may favor sports group participants. Therefore, promoting sports groups in a community setting may be effective as a population-based strategy for the prevention of dementia.


does not signify that the contents reflect the views of the U.S. EPA. The use of trade, firm, or corporation names in this publication is for the information and convenience of the reader; such use does not constitute official endorsement or approval by the U.S. Department of Interior, the USGS, or the EPA of any product or service to the exclusion of others that may be suitable. The views and terms expressed in the information presented here are those of the contributing scientists under their responsibilities and do not necessarily represent the views of the North Pacific Marine Science Organization (PICES). In all cases, scientific content, geographic names and data were not edited by PICES. Portions of this document were extracted from Lee and Reusser Acknowledgements: We would like to acknowledge the following funding sources in supporting the development of the " Atlas of Nonindigenous Marine and Estuarine Species in the North Pacific. " , the " PICES Nonindigenous Species Information System " , and the " User's Guide and Metadata for the PICES Nonindigenous Species Information System " : the Japanese Ministry as well as all the members of Working Group 21, provided support and insights in making the Atlas and PICES database possible. Special thanks go to Gustav Paulay and Lucius G. Eldredge who provided detailed reviews of an earlier version of the Atlas and database and to


Diversity} of generated responses is important for a data-driven neural conversational model (NCM) for non-task-oriented conversation. A criterion of maximum mutual information (MMI) and generating N-best outputs are both effective ways to increase the diversity. Generally, a beam search is used for generating N-best outputs. However, the beam search is likely to produce similar outputs in the N-best results. We propose a simple and efficient N-best search, namely N-greedy search, for an encoder-decoder recurrent neural network (RNN) with an attention mechanism. We built an NCM with a fictive chitchat corpus and generated responses based on the MMI criterion and N-greedy search. All of four objective indices of diversity showed increases, and a subjective evaluation clearly showed a reduction in the number of dull responses.


This paper provides generalized transversality conditions for the problems of variational calculus and optimal control, constructed by the conformable derivative. The generalized term is used to emphasize the problems with performance indexes containing the conformable derivative and defined by the classical integral and to distinguish them from the problems with performance indexes defined by the conformable integral. Special cases of the generalized transversality conditions both for variational calculus and optimal control are exhibited and supported by illustrative examples.


Gary McGraw sits down with Marie Moe, a SINTEF research scientist and associate professor at the Norwegian University of Science and Technology, to talk about medical device security.


Clustering is a technique of grouping the similar items and dissimilar items so that the analysis of any data can be done efficiently and effectively. Although there are various clustering techniques implemented for the analysis of data but the clustering technique used here is based on fuzzy based clusters. Here in this paper an efficient clustering is proposed using fuzzy based SVM. The technique implemented here is efficient in terms of error rate and time and also the clustering implemented here is for the multiple numbers of classes.


[Duclaux et al. (2007)][1] use the Eyre Peninsula region of the eastern Gawler Craton (South Australia) as their primary field example of Archean-aged orogen-parallel flow as envisaged from the perspectives of numerical models. While we would like to make it clear that we do not contest the notion


Abstract : The threat imposed by the Soviet bloc tank forces requires that ground level obscuration, for both offensive and defensive planning, must receive the most thorough research and development efforts. The possibility of reducing costs for munition expenditures further dictates pursuit of more efficient mechanisms for obtaining obscuration objectives. A deficiency exits in the case of military smokes for which the actual obscuration has not been reliably predicted or verified, especially over short time intervals. This deficiency has made it impossible to evaluate KWIK, a munition expenditure model, in all categories of performance without obtaining additional data. In order to verify the munition expenditure predictions of the KWIK model, an evaluation plan consisting of three phases was devised by Atmospheric Sciences Laboratory (ASL). This paper deals only with Phase I, an effectiveness evaluation test for visible wavelengths.


An integrity management strategy has been developed for pipelines carrying gas, condensate/oil and water. The strategy is based on identification of corrosion related failure modes, risk assessment, and application of risk reducing methods in terms of corrosion control, monitoring and inspection. Modeling of multiphase flow, CO{sub 2} corrosion and associated probability distributions along the pipeline play key roles in the risk assessment. Examples of applications are presented.


OBJECTIVE
To study the correlation between lumber disc degeneration and sacroiliac joint disorder, in order to provides a new understanding concepts and therapeutic approach for the prevention and treatment of chronic intractable low back pain.

METHODS
From August 2009 to October 2010,129 cases with lumbar disc herniation were studied with epidemiological methods. Among them, 61 patients with L4, disc herniation included 37 males and 24 females, ranging in aged from 20 to 75 years old, duration of the disease ranged from 1 to 144 months; The other 68 patients with L5S1 disc herniation included 32 males and 36 females,ranging in aged froml8 to 76 years old,duration of the disease ranged from 0.5 to 240 months. The clinical data, symptoms and signs,X-ray characteristics of lumbar spine and pelvis of the patients were investigated by epidemiological. The risk of lumbar disc herniation was calculated with case-control study; independent variables were screened with single factor analysis; the risk factors for lumbar disc herniation were determined with logistic regression analysis, and biomechanics analyses were taken.

RESULTS
Among 129 patients with lumbar disc herniation, 88 cases associated with sacroiliac joint disorders, sacroiliac joint disorder was a risk factor of lumbar disc herniation (OR = 4.61, P = 0.00); 47 cases associated with sacroiliac joint disorders in 61 patients with L4,5 disc herniation, iliac crest uneven caused by iliac rotational displacement was a high risk factor of L4,5 disc herniation (OR = 11.27, P = 0.00); 41 cases associated with sacroiliac joint disorders in 68 patients with L5S1 disc herniation, lumbar sacral angle abnormalities caused by sacral tilt shift was a high risk factor L5S1 disc herniation (OR = 2.31, P = 0.03).

CONCLUSION
Lumbar disc herniation and sacroiliac joint disorder are two of fallot, the two factors affect each other and there is a causal relationship. They are common exists in low back pain.


The use of Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) is increasingly frequent in Physical Education classes. The objective of this study was to carry out a systematic review of research evaluating the use of ICT by students with disabilities in Physical Education. A systematic review, covering the period 2009-2019, was carried out in the databases of the Education Resource Information Center (ERIC), PubMed, Web of Science (WoS) and Scopus. In the methodological aspect, the eligibility and selection criteria of the studies established in the PRISMA statement were considered. 14 studies were selected from a total of 478. The results are presented in two phases: in the first one, the general quantitative data of the extracted studies is analyzed. In the second phase, qualitative data is examined, and graphs of the most frequent keywords are presented. Among the conclusions, it is highlighted that there is a lack of production of high scientific impact in the last ten years (2009-2019). There is an increase in studies related to the use of smartphones, tablets, assistive technologies and virtual reality fostering cognitive, communicative and social development of these students.


The present invention is a substrate, disposed on the plurality of pixel electrodes, wherein the plurality of pixel electrodes disposed on the substrate, wherein the pixel electrodes on the pixel defining layer, wherein the plurality of pixel electrodes comprises a plurality of openings that expose a plurality of organic light-emitting layer, and an intermediate containing a pattern layer, and the intermediate pattern layer is a group of the plurality of openings one adjacent along a predetermined path, each located between the plurality of pixel electrodes and the plurality of organic light-emitting layer which is formed It becomes the lead including a plurality of first patterns extending the OLED display and depending relates to a production method thereof.


Submitted for the MAR12 Meeting of The American Physical Society Structural and microscopic relaxations in glycerol: an IXS study ALESSANDRO CUNSOLO, Brookhaven National Laboratory — We present an Inelastic X Ray Scattering study of the THz dynamics of room temperature glycerol at pressures spanning the 0.663 Kbar range. We propose a comparison with ultrasound absorption results available in literature, which leads to infer the presence of two distinct relaxation phenomena, a slow and a fast one. Although the former relaxation has been thoroughly studied in glycerol by lower frequency spectroscopic techniques, no experimental evidences of the latter were so far reported in literature. A line-shape modeling based upon the memory function formalism allows us to observe that the characteristic timescale of the fast relaxation ranges in the sub-picosecond, tends to decrease with increasing the wave-vector and is rather insensitive to pressure changes. More in general, the observed phenomenology definitely reveals the microscopic, single particle, nature of this additional relaxation process. Alessandro Cunsolo Brookhaven National Laboratory Date submitted: 10 Nov 2011 Electronic form version 1.4


As is commonly known, the most influential study on foreign trade after that of Ricardo may be a paper written by J.S. Mill:"Of the Laws of Interchange between Nations; and the Distribution of the Gains of Commerce among the Countries of the Commercial World"(1830). When Mill published this paper, which had remained as manuscript, as the opening page of his Essay on Some Unsettled Questions of Political Economy(1844), he disclosed the impetus for publication, namely, the controversies stirred by Colonel Torrens's The Budget(1844)and his own first paper that related directly to the points of controversy. In reference to this statement from Mill, in this article, I will examine Article


This paper provides new insights into the interaction effects that size,leverage and concentration have on the effectiveness of RD investment in generating growth opportunities.While the direct effects of these factors are significant,the size-leverage interaction reveals further important insights.Large firms' advantages over small firms disappear as their leverage increases.Small firms with high leverage reap the greatest growth opportunities.Concentration does not play any significant role as a moderating variable when it interacts with size and financial leverage.


On the basis of ecological Translation Studies,this paper systematically sorts out and analyzes the metaphorical translation methods and techniques in the practice of translation. By firstly surmising the common metaphorical translation methods and techniques,it evaluates the translation process on the basis of ecological Translation Studies. Then at the guide of ecological Translation Studies and research,it explores a more scientific and reasonable metaphorical translation method in the practice of translation.


The removal of teeth containing gold fillings was part of the procedure in the concentration camps during WWII. This paper describes the part played by Nazi doctors and dentists.


Ten years have passed since tympanoplasty became known. Looking back, we can state that the theory of the audiological principles has proved to be right. And we must add, the surgical results very frequently, as far as this is possible, have met the theoretical requirements. The mean result , naturally, is less than the theoretical one because it is difficult to restore the ideal status of the middle-ear tissue, a point which would be essential for a normal threshold of hearing. In this paper I would like to discuss a few problems concerning the surgical procedure. When performing a tympanoplasty we wish to reestablish (1) a completely healthy middle ear; (2) the functional reconstruction of the tympanum; and (3) a definitely dry external auditory canal or cavity, respectively. To be as careful as possible with the function structures—epitympanum and ossicular chain—and also not to form a large mastoid cavity instead of


The effects of uniform and nonuniform electric fields on the HF+CH 4 reaction have been investigated by using an ab initio RHF method with the 3-21+G basis set. It is found that barrier heights and positions of stationary points along the reaction coordinate are dramatically altered upon introduction of such electric fields. The changes are analyzed in terms of modifications in atomic charges and variations of electron densities at the main bond critical points. The electric fields are found to belong to the reaction coordinate of this chemical process