Faced with an alarming increase of energy consumption on one side, and very limiting amounts of available conventional energy sources on the other, scientists have turned to the most promising, renewable energy sources. Possibilities for the application of solar systems based on photovoltaic conversion of solar energy are very wide, primarily because of their relatively low cost and very important fact that solar energy is most acceptable source of electrical energy from the environmental point of view. Recently, increased investments in the development of PV technology are observed worldwide. Photovoltaic (PV) conversion of solar energy is one of the most up-to-date semiconductor technologies that enables application of PV systems for various purposes. The wider substitution of conventional energies by solar energy lies in the rate of developing solar cell technology. Silicon is still the mostly used element for solar cell production, so efforts are directed to the improvement of physical properties of silicon structures. Silicon solar cells belong to a wide group of semiconductor detector devises, though somewhat specific in its design (larger than most of the detectors). Basic part of solar cell is p-n junction, which active part is less that 0.2μm thick, so it could be treated as thin film. This photosensitive layer have the most important influence on solar cell functioning, primarily on creation of electron-hole pairs under solar irradiation, transport properties in cells, formation of internal field, and finally, output characteristics of the device such as short circuit current, open circuit voltage and efficiency. Furthermore, in order to function as a voltage generator with the best possible performances, beside p-n junction other thin films such as contact, antireflective, protective (oxide) thin films must be applied both on the front and on the back surface of solar cells. Also, in order to improve characteristics of the device, MIS structure (thin oxide layers) and back surface field layers are routinely used. Since thin films are very important in many fields of modern science (solar cell technology, for example), a large number of methods were developed for their characterization. Characterization of thin films includes investigations of physical processes in them, developing of the methods for measuring major physical and electrical properties and their


The present study aimed to explore the mechanism by which the immune landscape of the tumor microenvironment influences bladder cancer. CIBERSORT and ssGSEA analyses revealed that M2 macrophages accounted for the highest proportion from 22 subsets of tumor-infiltrating immune cells and were enriched in higher histologic grade and higher pathologic stage bladder cancer and 'basal' subtype of muscle invasive bladder cancer (MIBC). Kaplan-Meier survival curve analysis indicated that patients with high numbers of infiltrating M2 macrophages had worse overall and disease-specific survival rates. RNA sequencing and immunohistochemistry results indicated that M2 macrophages were enriched in MIBC and promoted angiogenesis. M2 macrophage infiltration was higher in bladder cancer tissues with mutant TP53, RB transcriptional corepressor 1, phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit α, lysine methyltransferase 2A, lysine demethylase 6A and apolipoprotein B mRNA editing enzyme catalytic-polypeptide-like, but lower in tissues with mutant fibroblast growth factor receptor 3 (FGFR3), E74-like ETS transcription factor 3, PC4 and SFRS1 interacting protein 1 and transmembrane and coiled-coil domains 4. In addition, M2 macrophage infiltration was lower in the tissues with amplified FGFR3, erb-b2 receptor tyrosine kinase 2, BCL2-like 1, telomerase reverse transcriptase and tyrosine-3-monooxygenase/tryptophan-5-monooxygenase activation protein ζ, as well as in the tissues with deleted cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 2A, CREB binding protein, AT-rich interaction domain 1A, fragile histidine triad diadenosine triphosphatase, phosphodiesterase 4D, RAD51 paralog B, nuclear receptor corepressor 1 and protein tyrosine phosphatase receptor type D. Finally, seven micro (mi) RNAs (miR-214-5p, miR-223-3p, miR-155-5p, miR-199a-3p, miR-199b-3P, miR-146b-5p, miR-142-5p) which were expressed differentially in at least three mutant genes and were positively correlated with M2 macrophage infiltration as well as expressed highly in high grade bladder cancer were identified. Overall, the present study concluded that M2 macrophages are the predominant tumor-infiltrating immune cell in bladder cancer and differentially expressed miRNAs due to cancer-specific genomic alterations may be important drivers of M2 macrophage infiltration. These findings suggested that M2 macrophage infiltration may serve as a potential immunotherapy target in bladder cancer.


Background Immune dysregulation and neutrophil infiltration are hallmarks of alcohol-related liver disease (ALD). Our objective was to evaluate the blood profile of neutrophil-derived mediators [neutrophil elastase (NE), myeloperoxidase (MPO), alpha1-antitrypsin (A1AT)], and their potential relevance in ALD. Methods 62 patients with ALD /47 males, and 15 females, aged 49,2 ± 9,9/ were prospectively recruited and distributed according to their 1/ gender, 2/ severity of liver dysfunction (by Child-Turcotte-Pugh, MELD scores, and mDF) 3/ presence of complications of ALD complications, and followed for 90 days. 24 age- and sex-matched healthy volunteers served as the control group. Neutrophil-derived biomarkers were quantified using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs). Results Blood concentrations of MPO and NE were significantly higher in ALD patients in comparison with controls. A1AT levels were not different. There were no gender-related differences in the studied biomarker levels. Both NE and MPO correlated with routine markers of inflammation, while NE with MELD and mDF scores. Patients with a severe ALD course i.e. MELD>20 or mDF>32, presented with significantly higher NE blood concentrations. Conclusions Our results point out the critical role of neutrophils in the pathogenesis of ALD. NE and MPO correlated with the intensity of inflammation, and NE was related to the severity of liver dysfunction.


1. Levels of Measurement, Probability, and the Binomial Formula 2. Estimation and Hypothesis Testing 3. Random Variables and Probability Distributions 4. Contingency Tables: The Chi-Square Test and Associated Effect Sizes 5. Contingency Tables: Special Situations 6. Basic Nonparametric Tests for Ordinal Data 7. Nonparametric Tests for Multiple or Related Samples 8. Advanced Rank Tests (for Interactions and Robust ANOVA) 9. Linear Regression and Generalized Linear Models 10. Binary Logistic Regression 11. Multinomial Logistic, Ordinal, & Poisson Regression 12. Loglinear Analysis 13. General Estimating Equations 14. Estimation Procedures 15. Choosing the Best Statistical Technique. Answers to Odd Numbered Problems


Our case concerns an asymptomatic Anetoderma in a 14 year old boy. Because both of the slightly uncommon clinical presentation (Anetoderma presents, to the best of our knowledge, much more often as depressed sharply delimitated slack skin areas rather than as protruding papules/plaques, as in the present case) as well as of the possible need for follow-up or even for prophylaxis for thrombophilic states (possible association of Anetoderma with Antiphospholipid Syndrome) we feel that the presented case may be of interest to the readers. Kеywords: primary anetoderma, elastolytic disorders, case report. Dennis Linder — MD, MSc, Privatdozent (Adjunct Professor). Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0305-3146 Elena Marinello — Dermatology Unit, University of Padua, Padua, Italy Giulia Biolo — Dermatology Unit, University of Padua, Padua, Italy Roberto Salmaso — Pathology Unit, University of Padua, Padua, Italy Stefano Piaserico — Dermatology Unit, University of Padua, Padua, Italy TO CITE THIS ARTICLE: Linder D, Marinello E, Biolo G, Salmaso R, Piaserico S. Multiple flesh-colored asymptomatic plaques on the trunk: a case of primary anetoderma in a young adolescent. Klinicheskaya dermatologiya i venerologiya. 2018;17(6):42-44. https://doi.org/10.17116/klinderms20181706142 Клиническая дерматология и венерология 2018, т. 17, No 6, с. 42-44 https://doi.org/10.17116/klinderma20181706142 Russian Journal of Clinical Dermatology and Venereology = Klinicheskaya dermatologiya i venerologiya 2018, vol. 17, no 6, pp. 42-44 https://doi.org/10.17116/klinderma20181706142 Corresponding author: Giulia Biolo — Dermatology Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Padua, Via Gallucci 4, Padua, Italy. e-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com


Objective: To explore the diffirence about left-behind children's loneliness and friendship quality in different guardian condition.Methods: Children's Loneliness Scale and Friendship Quality Questionnaire were used as research tools.Choose 269 children of primary school from the 3rd to 6th grades randomly in hunan provice.Results: ①Those who have a harmonious relationship with their guardians get lower scores in loneliness and get higher score in faith and credit of friendship quality than those who have an inharmonious relationship with their guardians.②Those whose guardians adopt suitable education methods have significantly lower loneliness.Conclusion: Left-behind children's loneliness and friendship quality is closely related to guardian condition.Guardian should keep harmonious relationship with the children and adopt suitable education methods,for the sake of reducing left-behind children's loneliness and improving friendship quality.


Dirichlet's problem in a strip for singularly perturbed quasilinear equations of parabolic type is considered. The initial conditions change by a finite amount in a narrow zone of width 2δ. The perturbation parameter e 2 , which is the coefficient of the highest derivative in the equation, as well as the parameter δ, can take arbitrary values from half-intervals (0, 1] and (0, d 1 ], respectively, where 2d 1 is the width of the strip. When e=0, the parabolic equation degenerates into a first-order equation which contains the derivative with respect to time only. It is shown that classical difference schemes on uniform grids do not converge uniformly with respect to the parameters e and δ. Moreover, for classical difference approximations of differential equations there are no rectangular grids (generated by piecewise-uniform spatial and time grids with a fixed number of intervals in which the division step is constant) on which the solution of the difference scheme converges uniformly with respect to the parameters. Using grids that cluster (in boundary and transition layers) and difference approximations based on adjustment schemes, special difference schemes which converge uniformly with respect to e and δ are constructed for these boundary-value problems.


Traditional or alternative medicines such as Ayurvedic drugs are getting importance and reputation day by day in the treatment of various diseases. This is because it has fewer side effects and gives necessary pharmacological action. But prolonged and excess usage may lead to harmful effects such as damage of the heart muscle leading to various types of arrhythmia and coronary artery diseases. "Khadirarista", an Ayurvedic drug, was traditionally used for heart diseases along with jaundice, anemia, abdominal tumor and leprosy. The physicochemical properties such as pH, density, viscosity, conductivity, loss on drying (LOD), chromatographic and spectral study, and presence of metal ions the drug "Khadirarista" were studied. It was found that pH values were 4.53, 4.21 and 4.31 at 1%, 5% and 10% of test solution, respectively. It indicated that "Khadirarishta" was an acidic preparation. Density, average viscosity and residue (LOD) of the drug was 1.0076 g/mL, 25.22 pascal/second and 9.33 g/100 mL, respectively. The spectral study of the test sample was performed and peaks were obtained at the wavelengths of 275, 254, 274.80, 254.60, 275.60, 273.60, 211, 253.60 nm in UV spectrophotometer with 276.60 nm being the λmax. HPLC analysis of the sample was performed and retention time (Rt) of the possible active components were found to be 4.12, 4.22 and 4.83 min. Rt at 4.12 min was the most sharp peak. Applying TLC, the Rf values of the active compounds were found to be 0.6 and 0.7. The level of various metal ions in the sample was measured by Flame Photometry and Na, K, Ca levels were found to be 75 ppm, 5 ppm, 12 ppm, respectively.


A banker plant system is a rearing and release method for biological control agents, and in recent years has gained serious attention among plant propagators for its use in regulating common greenhouse and nursery pests. In the current study, the suitability of four ornamental pepper ( Capsicum annuum L.; Solanales: Solanaceae) banker plant candidates, Black Pearl (BP), Explosive Ember (EE), Masquerade (MA), Red Missile (RM), and a commercial pepper cultivar, Blitz (BL), were evaluated with three main objectives: (1) to assess host preference of three major arthropod pests of agricultural importance, Bemisia tabaci Gennadius, Polyphagotarsonemus latus Banks, and Frankliniella occidentalis Pergande among selected pepper cultivars; (2) to determine the susceptibility of plant cultivars to three different pests; and (3) to assess the effect of tuft domatia on the abundance of the predatory mite Amblyseius swirskii Athias–Henriot. In choice and no-choice assays, BL and BP were highly susceptible to P. latus with a moderately high damage rating index of >3.5/5; B. tabaci and F. occidentalis were abundant on BL and EE. A positive correlation was observed between the number of tuft domatia and the A. swirskii count. Although all ornamental pepper cultivars exhibited varying degrees of susceptibility to different arthropod pests, if used strategically, cultivars MA and RM can be used to develop a banker plant system and help reduce multiple pests in greenhouses or interiorscapes.


Low Power Electrothermal De-icing (LPED) provides the potential for an improvement in ice protection performance, reliability, and a reduction in the bleed air energy extracted from the engine during icing flight conditions. The novel Low Power Electro De-icing system was developed to reduce the need for high energy levels as is required for conventional electro thermal ice protection systems. A low thermal mass and low energy system, with an average power density of less than 1.5 W/in 2 at -4 degrees Fahrenheit, was developed and manufactured compatible with the wear and erosion expectations of typical airfoil surfaces. The Low Power Electro Thermal De-icing system was successfully developed and tested in the Goodrich Icing Wind Tunnel (IWT), in flight behind an icing tanker and in flight in natural icing conditions on a technology demonstrator airplane during the 2003/2004 winter season. Test results have demonstrated the capability of the system to remove ice with minimal runback ice accumulation. The paper covers the Low Power Electro Thermal De-icing concept, development, test results from the Goodrich Icing Wind Tunnel (IWT), and test results from a technology demonstrator aircraft in flight behind an icing tanker and in natural icing conditions. Nomenclature


Abstract:Discourse analysis of the emic structures of Biblical Hebrew is an underdeveloped area of Hebrew linguistics. This lack of a linguistic examination has resulted in Hebrew scholars relying upon form criticism, which, though helpful, is lacking in objectivity and precision. This paper offers a discourse analysis of three prophetic oracle types: woe, indictment, and hope. Through a modified approach to Longacre's etic discourse structures, this paper examines the oracles' emic structures within Amos and Micah. Not only does this analysis provide a more objective process and more precise criteria for identifying genres than form criticism, but it also reveals otherwise overlooked discourse features such as skewing and peak marking elements, which are all necessary to more fully understand the intended purpose and function of the oracles.


Summary. 1. Laboratory methods of evaluating herbicides were developed to determine their relative effectiveness as inhibitors of seed-germination, seedling growth and juvenile plants under photosynthetic conditions.

2. Chemicals such as dinoseb, PGP and diquat were found to be very toxic to seeds, all of them having an MDso lower than 4 × 10−5 for both radish (Raphanus sativus L.) and Sudan grass (Sorghum sudanense Stapf).

3. Of the chemicals examined, the most toxic to radish seed were dinoseb, PCP, octochlorocyclohexenone, tetrachlorophenol, 2,4-dinitrophenol, hexachloro-2,5-cyclo-hexadiene-1-one and pentabromophenol in that order. Nitrophenols were more toxic to the seeds than the corresponding chloro-derivatives but pentachloronitrobenzene was inactive.

4. 2,6-Dichlorobenzonitrile and chlorpropham (CIPC) were found to be especially toxic to Sudan grass seed.

5. 2,4,5-T, 2,6-dichlorobenzonitrile and diquat were extremely toxic to germinating cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) seeds, while the latter two and chlorpropham were very toxic to Sudan grass seedlings. Other herbicides which were quite phytotoxic to plants in this stage are 2,4-D, 2-methoxy-3,6-dichlorobenzoic acid (cucumber), dinoseb, PGP, EPTC and 2,3,6-TBA (Sudan grass).

6. Diuron, atrazine, monuron and simazine were found to be quite inactive on the seeds and seedlings tested but extremely phytotoxic to young cucumber plants grown in. the light. Molar concentrations from 10−7 to 10−8, applied only to the roots, were found to be lethal under the conditions employed. Ametryne, prometryne, 2,4,5-T, JV-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-N'-methoxy-JV'-methylurea and EPTC were also lethal at this dosage while fenac, 2,4-D and fenuron were lethal from 10−6 to 10−5 M.

7. In all the tests, 2,4,5-T was found to be quite effective being especially toxic to germinating cucumber seeds.

Evaluation au laboratoire de quelques herbicides

Resume

1. Des methodes d'evaluation des herbicides au laboratoire ont ete creees pour determiner leur activite comme inhibiteurs de la germination et de la croissance des plantules et des jeunes plantes dans les conditions de la photosynthese.

2. Des produits tels que le dinoseb, le PCP et le diquat ont ete reconnus comme tres toxiques pour les semences. Ils presentent tous une DLso inferieure a 4 × 10−5 pour le radis (Raphanus sativus L.) et le Sudan grass (Sorghum sudanense Stapf).

3. De tous les produits examines, les plus actifs furent, dans l'ordre, le dinoseb, le PCP, l'orthochlorocyclo-hexanone, le tetrachlorophenol, le 2,4-dinitrophenol, l'hexachloro2,5-cyclohexadiene-l-one et le pentabromophenol. Les nitrophenols furent plus toxiques pour les semences que les derives chlores correspondants, mais le pentechloronitrobenzene fut inactif.

4. Le 2,6-dichlorobenzonitrile et le chlorpropham (CIPC) se revelerent particulierement toxiques pour les semences de Sudan grass.

5. Le 2,4,5-T, le 2,6-dichlorobenzonitrile et le diquat furent extremement toxiques pour les graines en germination de concombre (Cucumis sativus L.) cependant que les deux derniers et le chlorpropham furent tres toxiques pour les semences de Sudan grass. Les autres herbicides qui furent extremement toxiques pour les plantes a ce stade furent le 2,4-D, l'acide 2-methoxy-3,6-dichlorobenzoique (concombre) le dinoseb, le PCP, I'EPTC et le 2,3,6-TBA (Sudan grass).

6. Le diuron, l'atrazine, le monuron et la simazine se montrerent totalement inactifs sur les semences et les plantules mais tres phytotoxiques pour les jeunes plantes de concombre poussant a Ia lumiere. Des concentrations molaires de 10−7 a 10−6 appliquees seulement aux racines se montrerent letales dans les conditions ou elles furent employees. L'ametryne, la prometryne, le 2,4,5-T, la N-(3,4-dichlorophenyle)-N'-methoxy-N'-methy-Iuree et I'EPTC produisirent le meme effet pour la meme dose, tandis que le fenac le 2,4-D et le fenuron furent letaux de 10−a 10–5 M.

7. Dans tous les tests, le 2,4,5-T a ete trouve tres actif et specialement toxique pour les graines de concombre en germination.


Films were prepared by the Xe-dilution method in an attempt to mimic the microstructure found in low-photodegradation deuterated films which show a greater number of clustered deuterium and microvoids when compared to conventional hydrogenated films. Common features were found for the light soaking behaviors in the film properties characterized by the electron spin resonance, gas thermal evolution, Raman spectroscopy, and infrared spectroscopy among deuterated, conventional hydrogenated, and Xe-diluted films.


T he re w i l l be no cuts in classes or facu lty in the psy cho logy d e p a rtm e n t fo r the sp ring semester, according to d e p a rtm e n t c h a ir Sco tt Maxwell, despite the $425,000 e rro r in the College of Arts and Letters budget. The p rob lem s have not a f fected the department " at all for next semester," said M axwell, w ho is in h is f i r s t year as chairperson o f the department. " The re a l q u e s tio n is w h a t implications it has for long-term planning." " It was somewhat frustrating, as a new c h a irp e rs o n ," said Maxwell, "w ithin the firs t week o f becom ing c h a ir o f the departm ent and lea rn ing tha t we w e re go ing to have th is temporary h iring freeze." However, w ith the recent l if t  ing of the hiring freeze, there is a d if fe re n t fee ling in the de p a r tm e n t, a c c o rd in g to Maxwell. " We are feeling o p tim is tic ," he said, " now tha t the freeze has been lifted, that that w ill be behind us." There was no plans to h ire a ny new p ro fesso rs fo r the Spring 1992 semester, accord ing to M axw ell. However, the department plans to hire three new p ro fe sso rs fo r the F a ll 1992 season. " It was unfortunate to have to delay h ir in g p ro ced u res ," he said, " but I don't th ink that has directly affected us. " According to the Office o f In s t i tu t io n a l R esearch , sa id M a x w e ll, betw een the years 1984-85 and 1990-91, the per centage increase in psychology m ajors is the fourth largest of any department on campus. "We have seen a fifty-percent increase in the number of firstm ajors," said Maxwell. "We also have the th ird -la rgest num ber of second-majors on campus." In this same time period, the num ber o f fu ll-tim e professors increased by only two, form 19 to 21. In real numbers, in May 1991, there was a to ta l o f 378 psy chology majors, whether s tr ic t psychology majors or f irs tor second-m a jo rs , a cco rd in g to Maxwell. In c lu d in g m ajors , the to ta l number o f students enrolled in u n d e rg ra d u a te p sycho lo gy classes numbered 1,458 in Fall 1990 and 1,995 in Spring 1991, said Maxwell. The department has planned to hire faculty to meet these in  creases, he said. " The departm en t has, over the pas t tw o y e a rs ," sa id M a x w e ll, " made some lo n g range plans for what k inds o f a d d it io n a l fa c u lty w o u ld be beneficial to the department." W ith the freeze over, the de partm ent should be able to con tinue as planned, according to Maxwell. " The question now w i l l be whether there w ill be continued support for the College o f Arts and L e tte rs ," sa id M a x w e ll, " and w h e th e r the co lle g e is given room to grow in p ropo r tion to the increase in e n ro ll ment." History department faces problem of underfunding


Summary 1The treatment of non-tuberculous empyema is discussed. 2The drainage site must be at the lowest point in the pleural cavity. 3A large enough tube must be used to insure continuous drainage. 4Closed drainage is to be preferred 5Irrigation is of some value. 6Chronic empyema occurs when the lung has not been fully re-expanded during drainage of the acute empyema. 7Chronic empyema may be cured by "unroofing" with or without some form of thoracoplasty. 8Chronic empyema should be avoided by proper drainage of acute empyemas and re-expansion of the underlying lung.


Current discussion of action theory is premised on the fact that many counselors may avoid action approaches because of previous misunderstandings. Article addresses 12 misunderstandings. Overall, action theory is presented as highly suitable for understanding human behavior and for counseling as it is based on a wide spectrum of research as well as using a language close to human experience.


Dynamical structure factor (S(k,$\omega$)) is calculated for the one-dimensional (1D) transverse field Ising model, and its recent extension to include a three spin term, with quenched binary disorder. We study the low energy modes for lattices as large as 256 sites. We show that the intense zero energy modes appear whenever the binary disorder straddles two different winding numbers. We argue that these are Majorana modes, which reside on the boundaries of the rare regions. The size distribution of Majorana pairs has a fractal behavior at the critical points. With the longer ranged interactions a spin glass transition is observed as well.


In its first eighteen months the Fund has made 27 grants, totalling £6056, to projects all over the world, including Britain. The latest ones are: £500 to the Department of Game and Wildlife in Ghana to buy equipment for mobile anti-poaching teams; £500 to Sr Alberto Donadio to investigate the live-animal trade in Colombia; the importance of this can be judged from the account of the recent Iquitos conference (page 7), and also the articles on Colombia in Oryx September 1972; £500 to Operation Tiger—by earmarked gift from Miss M. E. Gibbs; £383 to WWF for publicity posters for a vicuna education programme in Argentina and Chile—see Oryx, May 1972, p. 345; £350 to the WWF Lake Nakuru project and £200 to the Pheasant Trust, both with an earmarked gift from Mrs Iris Darnton; £284 to Mr Frank Turkowski, Zoology Dept, Arizona State University, to prepare an Arabian oryx bibliography; £250 to Mr S. Cobb for his study of ungulate population dynamics in Tsavo National Park, Kenya, to provide the facts urgently needed for park management following recent drastic changes in the park's vegetation; £250 to Mr Siow Kuan Tow, Director of Fisheries in Malaysia, for the leathery turtle project at Trengganu, to enable the Department to increase the number of hatchings on this vitally important nesting beach—see Dr Bustard in Oryx, January 1972; £250 to Dr Paul Leyhausen, Chairman of the SSC Cat Group, for a study of the status and ecology of the Iriomote cat; £100 to Mr Lucas Chin, Curator of the Sarawak Museum for the replanting of green turtle eggs on three islands. In addition Mr Choudhury, of the Indian Forest Service, has been supplied with 3000 punch cards to record the tiger census results, and a second payment of Rs 1000 has been approved for the study of leopards in Borivli National Park from FPS funds in India.


Abstract : With the end of the Cold War, the U.S. armed forces faced a changed environment. Heretofore, the armed forces were prepared to fight two major regional contingencies at the same time. Now these forces must be prepared to fight a series of limited conflicts (e.g. the Gulf War, Kosovo,) and provide humanitarian support (e.g. Somalia) efforts. The armed forces must be transformed so that they are capable of projecting force, rapidly and potently to stop aggression by combining precision with speed. They must also be prepared to counter threats from terrorist organizations. Specifically the U.S. Navy and Marines must be prepared to operate jointly with other U.S. armed services and with coalition forces to project power ashore with the least risk to allied personnel and ships. In order to do this the U.S. Navy must operate in and transfer Marines through both blue water oceans and brown water littorals in order to assure access to all theaters of operation. This paper will address our vision of the role of surface platforms in Undersea Warfare (USW) in the Navy After Next (2015-2030).


The Niemeijer-Van Leeuwen cumulant expansion is used in the renormalization-group analysis of the critical-point behavior of the Ising model. Second- and third-order results are obtained for the simple cubic and square lattices, respectively, for a variety of cell sizes, using a parameter-dependent renormalization transformation introduced by Kadanoff and Houghton. Although the results in two dimensions are in general good, there is no evidence of any convergence, with the best values for the critical exponents and critical temperature being given by the second-order theory. In three dimensions the values found for the critical temperature and magnetic scaling index for a cell of 27 spins are reasonable, but the corresponding thermal scaling index is quite poor.


Algorithms in cryptosystem such as RSA and Diffie-Hellman require the large integer multiplication. This paper introduces classical Knuth multiplication, Karatsuba multiplication and their time complexity, on the basis of which a new Karatsuba trick is presented and proved to be available in theory and in practice. The experiment result reveals that the improved Karatsuba multiplication is more efficient for implementation of large integer multiplication.


The DNAs were extracted from 10 cultivars(lines) of Rehmannia glutinosa Libosch by means of CTAB method to establish an efficient RAPD-based genetic diversity detection system.The genomic DNA,from a young regenerated plant of Rehmannia glutinosa Libosch f.hueichingensis(Chaoet schih) Hsiao,was used as a template to optimize RAPD-PCR amplification conditions for Rehmannia glutinosa Libosch.The results were as follows: 17 ones from 80 RAPD primers tested were selected for the RAPD analyses of Rehmannia glutinosa Libosch,177 polymorphic bands were amplified by 17 RAPD primers and average proportion of polymorphic loci was 61.58%.The shannon'-s index was 0.3135.Genetic similarity value was from 0.63 to 0.93 and the average was(0.7545).10 Rehmannia cultivars(lines) could be divided into two groups,one contained 6 cultivars(lines) such as Zupei 85-5,Datian 85-5,Zupei 9302,Datian9302,Jinzhuangyuan and Jinbai,the other was composed of 4 cultivars(lines) such as Beijing No.1,Dahongpao,Dihuang9104 and wild dihuang.The results of principal component analysis were very consistent to that by the RAPD markers.


This paper has empirically analyzed the lead-lag relationship between housing investment and economic growth by using housing investment and GDP quarter data from 1999to 2012of Hunan Province.The results show that there only exists one-way causality relationship between housing investment and GDP.In the meanwhile,the generalized impulse response function and variance decomposition analysis also show that the impact of GDP on housing investment is greater than the impact of housing investment on GDP,and the development trend of GDP has a decisive effect on housing investment.As a whole,the conclusions are conducive to the local goverment's ;real estate investment policy.


By the present invention, the release of the batch type ion and an ion implantation step using the injector, the bonding step of the bond wafer at the ion implanted layer for bonding through an ion-implanted surface to the surface directly or insulating film of the base wafer of the bonded wafer, in the production method of a bonded wafer with a peeling process of manufacturing a bonded wafer having a thin film on a base wafer, by performing ion implantation on the bond wafer at the ion implantation process by dividing in plural times, and after each time of ion implantation, bonding a method of producing a bonded wafer, characterized in that the wafer was rotated by a predetermined rotation angle, for performing an ion implantation and then placed in a position in which rotation. Accordingly, there is provided a method of producing a bonded wafer capable of manufacturing a thin film, particularly film thickness uniformity is improved bonded wafer of the SOI layer on the base wafer in mass production level.


e17592 Background: Homologous recombination deficiency (HRD) is a common feature of epithelial ovarian cancers (EOCs) as approximately half of EOCs have molecular aberrations in homologous recombination repair (HRR) genes, including BRCA1/2 gene mutations. Poly ADP-ribose Polymerase inhibitors (PARPi) have reformed the management of BRCA1/2 mutant ovarian cancer patients and demonstrated activity also in tumor with HRD status. The evaluation of HRD together with BRCA1/2 gene alterations is nowadays critical to guide the therapy decision for all patients with EOC. Different methods to assessed HRD have been reported and different assays are being implemented in clinical practice. Here, we sought to evaluate the analytical validity of a commercial in house HRD assay as compared to a reference standard method. Methods: 59 consecutive case of EOCs were included in this study. DNA extracted from representative formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissue block of each case were subjected to next-generation sequencing (NGS) analysis of BRCA1/2 genes alterations and HRD status using the AmoyDx HRD Focus Panel (Amoy Diagnostics Ltd, Xiamen, Fujian, China). HRD status was assesses through AmoyDx Genomic Scar Score (GSS) considering the length, type and location of the genome-wide chromosomal copy number variation through SNP probes spread throughout the genome. Cases with a GSS > 50 were considered as HRD positive. For each case the same FFPE tissue block was sent to Myriad Genetic Laboratories for myChoice CDx testing as reference standard. Assay concordance was measured as positive (PPA), negative (NPA) and overall (OPA) percentage of agreement according to the different scores proposed by the manufacturers. Results: HRD status data were available for 52 (88.1%) and 56 (94.9%) samples considering in-house and reference standard assay, respectively, and 49 cases was available for concordance analyses. AmoyDx HRD Focus Panel identified 23/49 samples (46.9%) as HRD positive and 26 (53.1%) as HRD negative. The concordance of HRD status between AmoyDx HRD Focus Panel and myChoice CDx was 100% and 81,2% for positive (PPA) and negative (NPA) cases respectively, with an overall analytical concordance (OPA) of 87.8%. No discordance was seen in BRCA1/2 status between in-house and reference standard assay (OPA: 100%). Conclusions: The HRD status assessed by AmoyDx HRD Focus Panel is highly concordant with that obtained using the current standard reference method. Commercial in-house test may offer a cost-effective, reliable and robust alternative to the centralized assay for the evaluation of HRD status in patient with EOC.


The oxydation of ascorbate with 2, 2, 6, 6-tetramethylpiperidine-1-oxyl (TEMPO) radical in water and water-dioxane mixed solvent has been demonstrated to be a proton-coupled electron transfer (PCET)1-6 process, involving hydrogen tunneling at room temperature and the change of magnitude of the kinetic isotope effect (KIE) kH/kD in the reaction with change of the solvent polarity. The facts that support the above description comprise: i) the spectroscopic and kinetic evidence for the interaction of ascorbate and TEMPO and the formation of its corresponding hydroxylamine TEMPOH and ascorbyl radical anion ; ii) the observation of the kinetic isotope effects (KIEs) kH/kD of 21.62(0.51) in water and 24.45(0.77) in 50/50 dioxane-water, at 298K ; iii) the observation of isotope efect on the Arrhenius preexponential factor, AH/AD of 0.8 in the reaction in water and 1.6 in 50/50 dioxane-water solvent ; iv) the observation of isotope differences in the enthalpies and entropies of activation i.e. (diox.= dioxane): ΔH ‡(H2O) = 31.00(0.38) kJ/mol, ΔH ‡(D2O) = 39.07(0.39) kJ/mol , ΔS ‡ (H2O) = -134.3(2.70) J/Kmol, ΔS ‡ (D2O) = -132.8(2.64) J/Kmol ; ΔH ‡(H2O/diox.) = 23.86(0.22) kJ/mol, ΔH ‡(D2O/diox.) = 30.42 (0.26) kJ/mol, ΔS ‡ (H2O/diox.) = -150.9(2.40) J/Kmol, ΔS ‡ (D2O/diox.) = -155.2(3.21) J/Kmol ; v) the temperature dependence of the KIEs in water and 50/50 v/v water-dioxane ; these KIEs range from 24.02 at 285.4K to 17.50 at 317.4K in water and from 26.47 to 20.30, at the corresponding temperatures in 50/50 v/v water-dioxane, respectively ; vi) an increase of the KIE in 10, 20, 30 and 40% v/v dioxane-water solvents relative to the KIE in water alone. In addition, the analysis of thermochemistry of reaction using the "square scheme"3 suggests the PCET reaction. There is a weak solvent dependence of the rate constant on going from water to 50/50 water-dioxane solvent, from 2.20(0.03) mol-1dm3s-1 to 5.50(0.14) mol-1dm3s-1, respectively. The observed change of the KIE in the reaction with the decrease of solvent polarity on going from water to water-dioxane is relatively weak, although occured in the direction predicted by theory involving a model for the PCET between two oxygen atoms6, 7.Taken together, obtained evidence suggests an important role of a hydrogen bonding preformed in the precursor complex1, 6-8 between 2-OH of ascorbate and the N-oxyl group in the reaction. The obtained results are of importance for a better understanding of fundamental features of PCET reactions, especially with regard to a relative scarcity of experimental evidence related to solvent influences on PCET reactions in general and on KIEs in the processes particularly. The results also provide a comparison of theoretical predictions with experimental results. REFERENCES 1 Huynh, H. V. ; Meyer, T. J. Chem. Rev. 2007, 107, 5004 and references therein. 2 Reece, S.Y. ; Hodgkiss, J. M. ; Stubbe, J. ; Nocera, D.G. Phil. Trans. R. Soc. B 2006, 361, 1351. 3 Mayer, J. M. Annu. Rev. Phys. Chem. 2004, 55, 363. 4 Rosenthal, J. ; Nocera, D. G. Acc. Chem. Res. 2007, 40, 543. 5 Itoh, S. ; Fukuzumi, S. Acc. Chem. Res. 2007, 40, 592. 6 Hammes-Schiffer, S. ; Soudackov, A. V. J. Phys. Chem. B 2008, 112, 14108. 7 Decornez, H. ; Hammes-Schiffer, S. J. Phys. Chem. A 2000, 104, 9370. 8 Ludlow, M. K. ; Soudackov, A. V. ; Hammes-Schiffer, S. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2009, 131, 7094.


Cosmic ray exposure dates (based on in situ–produced 10 Be), in combination with measured heights of fault scarps that cut three abandoned fans, imply a slip rate of less than ∼2 mm/yr on the bounding thrust fault along a segment of the southern flank of the Tien Shan of central Asia. This rate, somewhat lower than those for the segment farther west and for the northern margin of the belt, implies that the distribution of shortening across the Tien Shan must change markedly along the belt. The date of abandonment of the smallest of the three fans is consistent with fan formation since the last glacial maximum, but the other two fans appear to have been formed and abandoned prior to that time. These and other results suggest that advances and retreats of alpine glaciers may not be synchronized with continental ice sheets and that not all prominent geomorphological features in arid Asian regions have formed since the last glacial maximum. In this study we have assessed the relationship between cosmogenic nuclide content of individual clasts and the time since their deposition on a surface. Cosmogenic nuclide accumulation represents the integrated total surface exposure of rocks in source regions during transport and since deposition. Postdepositional processes (erosion, burial, bioturbation, and cryoturbation), all of which decrease the quantity of cosmogenic nuclides produced in a rock in a given time and hence the apparent exposure age, also cause significant scatter among apparent ages of samples from the surfaces. Very low 10 Be concentrations in material from active streambeds and at depth below one of the fan surfaces indicate that exposure prior to deposition onto fan surfaces was minimal (


The article focuses on the role of music among RUF combatants fighting in the Sierra Leone civil war. It touches on some widely held notions of music and a general reluctance towards the idea that music can be instrumentalised for violent means. Furthermore, it will address in what way Culprit or Accomplice: Observations on the Role and Perception of Music in Vi... Transposition, Hors-série 2 | 2020 9


In these times, scientific data intensive applications generate ever-increasing volumes of data that need to be stored, managed, and shared between geographically distributed communities. Data centres are normally able to provide tens of petabytes of storage space through a large variety of heterogeneous storage and file systems. However, storage systems shared by applications need a common data access mechanism, which allocates storage space dynamically, manages stored content, and automatically remove unused data to avoid clogging data stores. To accommodate these needs, the concept of Storage Resource Managers (SRMs) was devised in the context of a project that involved High Energy Physics (HEP) and Nuclear Physics (NP). The Storage Resource Manager (SRM) interface specification was defined and evolved into an international collaboration in the context of the Open Grid Forum (OGF). SRM interface provides the technology needed to share geographically distributed heterogeneous storage resources, with an effective and common interface regardless of the type of the back-end system being used. By implementing the SRM interface, grid storage services provide a consistent homogeneous interface to the Grid to manage storage resource as well as advanced functionality such as dynamic space allocation and file management on shared storage systems. Within Worldwide LHC Grid project exists more than five interoperating implementations of SRM services, and every one shows peculiarity. In this paper, we describe the flexibility of StoRM service, an implementation of the Storage Resource Manager Interface version 2.2. StoRM is designed to foster the adoption of cluster file systems, and thanks to the marked flexibility, StoRM can be used in small data centre with human resource deficiency to administer an other grid service and, at the same time, capable to grow in terms of storage managed and workload. StoRM can be used to manage any storage resources with any kind of POSIX file-system in a transparent way. As demonstration of the StoRM flexibility, the paper describes how applications scheduled via Grid can access files on a file-system directly via POSIX calls, how StoRM can be deployed in a clustered configuration to address scalability needs and finally how StoRM can be used to manage also storage classes based on Storage Cloud, like Amazon Simple Storage Service (S3).


The most element on content among the inorganic el em ents in human body is calcium,which has been proved that it has important physio logical functions. The existing forms in human body and metabolism, physiologica l functions,absorption and affecting factors,assimilating quantities of calcium and the serious consequences lacking of it are summarized in this article. It of fers reference for scientific and rational dietary calcium intake for people.


Governmental debt is an obiligation that local government,as a debtor,pay debt to its creditors according to the contracts,agreements or rules of the law.Government borrowing is a popular and main measure for government to maintain balance of the revenue and expenditures in the world nowdays.Reasonable government borrowing for construction will not only draw up consumer demands,increase private investments,but also can broaden channels of fundraising,which will greatly build up the public facilities construction,promote the quility of public services,and also accelerate the urbanization process..However,over-borrowing exceeding government finance will go against the sustainable development of local economy,affect running of the local finance,and thus do harm to social stabilization.Prensently,small town governments in nationality regions are heavily in debt resulted from complex causes,which now possesses a higher proportion in its local revenue and is quite difficult to pay back.In this paper,the author indicates that to resolve debt problems of small town governments,we must persist in scientific outlook on development,taking various measures,such as develop local economy,streamline government organs,assign financial support staff,reform financial management system,strengthen budget system,etc.,and thus accelerate the development of the local community and build a socialist harmonious society.


Locality preserving projection (LPP) is a local structure preserving method and the distances of neighboring points are minimized in the subspace of LPP.Combined with the geometric idea of LPP,an improved PCA with local structure preserving is proposed called locality preserving PCA (LP-PCA).By constructing the neighborhood graph and its complement,LP-PCA deals with the neighboring points and the far points distinguishingly.LP-PCA minimizes the distances between the neighboring points and simultaneously maximizes the distances between the far points.The improved algorithm can find the global structure of the high dimensional dataset with preserving its local structure.Some examples of the improved algorithm are given on toy datasets as well as on actual datasets.Experimental results show the effectiveness of LP-PCA.


AIM: To observe the biological specialization of humanperipheral blood dendritic cells (DC) and cord blood derivedDC and its effects on effector cells killing humanhepatocarcinoma cell line BEL-7402 in vitro.METHODS: The DC biological characteristics were detectedwith immunohistochemical and MTT assay. Two antitumorexperimental groups are: peripheral blood DC and cordblood DC groups. Peripheral blood DC groups used LAKcells as the effector cells and BEL-7402 as target cells, whilecord blood DC groups used CTL induced by tumor antigentwice pulsed DC as effector cells and BEL-7402 as targetcells, additional peripheral blood DC and cord blood DC areadded to observe its stimulating activities to effector cells.The effector's cytotoxicity to tumor cells were detected withneutral red colorimetric assay at two effector/target ratios of5:1 and 10: 1.RESULTS: Peripheral blood DC and cord blood DC highlyexpressed HLA-ABC, HLA-DR, HLA-DQ, CD54 and S-100protein. The stimulating activities to lymphocyteproliferation were compared between experimental groups(DC added) and control group (no DC added). In sixexperiment subgroups, the DC/lymphocyte ratio wassequentially 0.25: 100, 0.5: 100, 1: 100, 2: 100, 4: 100 and 8:100, A values(x± s) were 0.75396± 0.009, 0.84916± 0.010,0.90894± 0.012, 0.98371 ± 0.007, 1.01299 ± 0.006 and 1.20384± 0.006 in peripheral blood DC groups and 0.77650 ± 0.005,0.83008± 0.007, 0.92725 ± 0.007, 1.05990 ± 0.010, 1.15583 ±0.011, 1.22983 ± 0.011 in cord blood DC groups. A value was0.59517 ± 0.005 in control group. The stimulating activitieswere higher in experimental groups than in control group ( P< 0.01 ), which were increased when the DC concentrationwas enlarged ( P < 0.01 ). Two differently derived DCs hadthe same phenotypes and similar stimulating activities ( P >0.05). In peripheral blood DC groups, the cytotoxicity (x ±s) of the LD groups (experimental groups) and L groups(control group) was 58.16% ± 2.03% (5: 1), 46.18% ±2.25% (10:l) and 38.13% ± 1.29% (5: 1) and 65.40% ±


Foreword (Gloria M. Gutman).- Preface (Patricia Brownell & James J. Kelly).- Part I: Understanding Mistreatment of Older Workers: A Human Rights Perspective and Conceptual Framework.- Chapter 1: Older Workers and Human Rights: National and International Policies and Realities (Denise Gosselin Caldera).- Chapter 2: Definitions and Conceptual Framework for Understanding Ageism and Mistreatment of Older Workers (Patricia Brownell & Mebane Powell).- Part II: Current Reality.- Chapter 3: Harassment of Older Adults in the Workplace (Amy Blackstone).- Chapter 4: What Do Newspapers Say About Older Adults in the Workplace? (Mebane Powell).- Chapter 5: The Evolution of Retirement as Systematic Ageism (Lynn McDonald).- Part III: Future Solutions.- Chapter 6: Creating Supportive Workplace Environments for Older Workers (Elizabeth Ciampa & Roslyn Chernesky).- Chapter 7: Human Resource Departments and Older Adults in the Workplace (James Woolever).- Chapter 8: Counseling Older Workers Confronting Ageist Stereotypes and Discrimination (Margo Jackson).- Chapter 9: Legal and Legislative Issues in Protecting Older Adults in the Workplace: An International Perspective (Charmaine Spencer).- Chapter 10: International Protection for the Human Rights of Older People: History and Future Prospects (Israel Doron, Bethany Brown & Susan B. Somers).- Looking Ahead (Patricia Brownell & James J. Kelly).


An international movement that followed specific geographical-cultural patterns, Conceptual Art built on the legacy of Marcel Duchamp, redefining the institutional and social relationships among production, work and audience in ways which have comprehensively transformed the nature of the art object and forms of artistic practice, both historically and in the present.
Investigating and documenting the histories, theories and forms of Conceptual Art, this timely book, including both established writers and a new generation of art historians, shows that Conceptual Art was a broad movement encompassing a range of artistic tendencies. This is the most stimulating account of the movement to date, arguing forcefully for its vitality and potential as well as examining its influence on art today.


The incredible growth of FPGA capabilities in recent years and the new included features have made them more and more attractive for numerous embedded systems. There is however an important shortcoming concerning security of data and design. Data security implies the protection of the FPGA application in the sense that the data inside the circuit and the data transferred to/from the peripheral circuits during the communication are protected. This paper suggests a new method to support the security of any FPGA platform using network processor technology. Low cost IP2022 UBICOM network processor was used as a security shield in front of any FPGA device. It was supplied with the necessary security methods such as AES ciphering engine, SHA-1, HMAC and an embedded firewall to provide confidentiality, integrity, authenticity, and packets filtering features.


The present technology pertains to a transmission device, a transmission method, an information processing device, an information processing method, and a program with which it is possible to improve a reception state. Sensor information detected by a sensor unit is transmitted to a management device, and the management device estimates a delay wave due to a multipath on the basis of the sensor information, generates a transmitter parameter for controlling the operation of the transmission unit of a transmitter in accordance with the estimated multipath, and transmits the generated parameter to the transmitter. The transmitter controls, on the basis of the transmitter parameter, the operation of the transmission unit that transmits a broadcast wave. The present technology can be applied, for example, to a broadcast system for transmitting a broadcast wave to a receiver.


Hypoxia-inducible fact 1(HIF-1)is a transcription factor in the body of mammalian and human when the environment is short of oxygen,it is an important regulation factor reacting to oxygen poor,and its biological effects are implemented by HIF-1 with important functions in keeping stabilization of oxygen,cell energy metabolism,the vasifaction of tumor,cell proliferation and apoptosis.This article discussed the biologial characteristics of HIF-1,its roles in action and prognostic effection in cervix cancer and etc.


Changes in depth and decrease of the sediment rate before and after a building breakhead maintenance construction were studied in small monomictic and eutrophic Lake Fukami-ike in central Japan. The maintenance of farm village drainage and the waterfront function was carried out for the activation of the town in 1992, and the water quality improvement was expected. However, variations of transparency were observed and no blue-green algal bloom outbreak had occurred before recently observed. Maximum depth changed from 9.3 m (1951), 8.5 m (1979), 8.1 cm (1992) to 7.8 m (2012), respectively. Changes in the autochthonous and allochthonous matters in the lake were thus considered. Sediment rates of 19.5 ± 10.19 gm -2 d - 1 (1978 to 1979) and 4.40 ± 2.27 gm -2 d -1 (2007 to 2008) were observed, and decreased 22.6%. These deposition rate data corresponded to 3.1 cm year -1 (1979) and 1.2 cmyear -1 (2009), respectively. The decreased percentage of organic matter and the reduced deposition rate were because rice fields and forest around the lake give way to take concrete roads. It was considered to be because the inflow of sediment stopped when it rained, and allochthonous inorganic matter was significantly reduced.


One of the key challenges in the development of open semantic-based systems is enabling the exchange of meaningful information across applications which may use autonomously developed schemata. Semantic coordination is the problem of discovering mappings across schemata and schema matching is one of the proposed approaches. In this paper we provide a preliminary investigation on the notion of correctness of semantic methods for schema matching. We define a first notion of semantic soundness (and completeness), but immediately show that this notion is not appropriate to capture the intuitive notion of correctness for a method. We then introduce the idea of pragmatic soundness, and argue that it corresponds to what we intuitively expect, but that it can't be directly computed. Finally, we discuss some preliminary conditions under which a semantically sound method can guarantee progmatic soundness as well, which is – in our opinion – the best we can get from semantic methods.


In this talk I report on the latest results of the ZEUS collaboration concerning the cross sections in both charged current and neutral current channels at high (x,Q{sup 2}), together with the comparison with expectations. The data set corresponds to an integrated luminosity of 33.5 pb{sup {minus}1}. The results are those given at the 1997 Lepton-Photon Conference and update the earlier publication. {copyright} {ital 1998 American Institute of Physics.}


Some dielectric materials may become birefringent when subjected to an external force, such as an electric field or a mechanical force. For more than a decade, our research group has been engaged in developing 2D optical measurement techniques for the dynamic measurement of charge distributions on a dielectric surface using the electro- optic Pockels effect, the dynamic measurement of electrical field distributions in a liquid using the electro-optic Kerr effect and the measurement of birefringence vector distributions in plastic plates using the photo-elastic effect. The common image processing techniques that are uniquely developed in our work are analyzed and summarized.


Objective
To design anconeus approach based on the anatomical features of anconeus, and explore its application in the surgical treatment of radial head fractures.

Methods
Twenty adult cadaver upper limb specimens were dissected. The anatomic features and techniques of anconeus flap were studied, and the proximal radius, humeroradial joint and proximal radioulnar joint were exposed. Open reduction and internal fixation of 26 cases of radial head fracture was done via the anconeus flap approach.

Results
The medial collateral artery and anconeus branch of the radial nerve entered the anconeus along the medial head of triceps and anconeus in a proximal to distal direction. Dissecting and lifting the anconeus in a distal to proximal direction provided wide view of radial head and neck, humeroradial joint and proximal radioulnar joint without damaging the blood supply and innervation of the anconeus flap. The 26 patients treated with this approach were follow-up for 12 to 24 months with an average of 18.6 months. At the final follow-up assessment the Mayo elbow performance scoring system was used to evaluate patient′s elbow function. An average of 92.5 points was reached, with an overall 90.6% satisfactory rate.

Conclusion
The anconeus flap approach provides good exposure of the surgical field in the treatment of radial head fracture. Postoperative recovery is ideal, without elbow instability, flexor muscle weakness, elbow muscle atrophy and other complications.

Key words:
Radius fractures; Treatment outcome; Surgical approach; Anconeus flap


The enlarged number of farmer suicides can be understood in the context of rising distress in agriculture of the state. The number of farmer suicides in Punjab is recognized as the changing agricultural relations. During 2015-16, Malwa region of farmers is forced to choose this option as the failure of cotton crop put them under heavy stress. The most vulnerable districts of this region are Bathinda, Mansa and Talwandi Sabo from cotton crop failure crisis. However, the study area was confined to those villages of Bathinda district where the farmers committed suicides due to cotton crop failure in 2015-16. It tries to analyze the number of farmer suicides, the reasons behind suicides and also the present economic status of the families of the victims. The economic position of such families with respect to their capacity to cope with economic distress due to crop failure was very miserable.Due to very low productivity and higher cost of production, the net returns of the cotton crops were found negative. Despite additional income from 'leased in' activities, farmer's indebtedness considerably increased due to the failure of the cotton crop. Because of the crop failure farmer would never again be able to manage the loss unless they sell off his landed property. In the case of indebtedness, the marginal, and small farmers are in more critical position. Also, the landless farmer, who does not own land, bears more burden in real terms. The children had dropped out from schools, land and other assets sold for living, family members suffered depression in a large number of cases. There was almost no state or social support for such families. These families demands one time financial support in the form of money or long time support in the form of pension or employment for the member of the victim's family and free access to educational and health facilities. Government of Punjab announced a relief of Rs 2 lakh for such families. This paper also analyzes the role of media and role of Kisan Union in reporting on farmer's suicide.


In a previous paper by Geldart the problems involved in removing iodine from reactor circuit gas streams were discussed and various adsorbents evaluated. Here, the particular problems involved in civil reactors of the Calder type are dealt with and experiments described in which tests were carried out with carbon, copper, bronze, and silver adsorbents. (auth)


Growth technology of new narrow-gap semiconductor solid solution ZnCdHgTe proposed as an alternative material to CdHgTe due to the stabilizing effect of Zn-Hg bond in the lattice of the compound is presented. Results of electrical examinations performed at the first time for the heterostructures based on ZnCdHgTe are also reported.


The discrimination method of independent index threshold is used in The traditional Oilfield development dynamic production warning,so it brings inaccurate warning results or it will alarm instead of early warning when an abnormal event occurs.This paper puts forward a early warning model of oilfield production,the method uses support vector Regression(SVR)for early warning of oilfield production.By analyzing dynamic data of historical production,finding their variation,summing up abnormal alarm formation mode,giving signal in the early warning,early analyzing and processing potential risks in order to ensure the stability of oil recovery efficiency is necessary.The experimental results show that the model for oilfield production abnormal condition has a high prediction accuracy.


Abstract: In several countries throughout the world, national accreditation programmes aim to standardize and improve the quality of care for breast cancer patients. All these national programmes stimulate the development of clinical practice guidelines, foster the implementation of these guidelines in multidisciplinary breast cancer units, and monitor aid implementation through guideline-derived quality indicators (QIs). This requires a well-defined set of quality requirements and indicators to which breast cancer centres adhere as well as a transparent auditing and data verification process. Breast cancer care should be delivered within the scope of a multidisciplinary treatment network and include all medical specialties and professions essential to providing optimal care. National programmes for quality assurance vary in their strategies for obtaining ideal quality of breast cancer care, and these range from auditing, certification, to accreditation. All hospitals should monitor their performance on a regular basis, and QI results as declared by the centres must be reliable and validated in the framework of on-site audits.


Abstract: In this research paper, we will describe the system model and security model in our scheme and provide our design goals and related assumptions. We consider a cloud computing environment consisting of a cloud service provider (CSP), a data owner, and many users. The CSP maintains cloud infrastructures, which pool the bandwidth, storage space, and CPU power of many cloud servers to provide 24/7 services. We assume that the cloud infrastructures are more reliable and powerful than personal computers. In our system, the CSP mainly provides two services: data storage and re-encryption. After obtaining the encrypted data from the data owner, the CSP will store the data on several cloud servers, which can be chosen by the consistent hash function, where the input of the consistent hash function is the key of the data, and the outputs of the consistent hash function are the IDs of the servers that store the data. On receiving a data access request from a user, the CSP will re-encrypt the cipher text based on its own time, and return the re-encrypted cipher text.


Statistical data for 2005 show that electrical consumption of large-scale public buildings occupying 5 percent of total residential construction area equals 50 percent of the total residential electrical consumption in Beijing. It is necessary to reconstruct existing large-scale public buildings for large-scale public buildings having the characteristics of high-energy consumption and low-energy efficiency. Existing building retrofit is a system engineering involving technology, policy and management. There are fewer large-scale public building retrofit projects and the major funding is from national financial subsidies. There is no expediting financing channel and flexible financing mode. Therefore, this study designs asset-backed securitization (ABS) as the main financing mode according to steady future income of existing large-scale public buildings retrofit. That is, we secure the steady future income of existing large-scale public buildings retrofit, and sell it to special purpose vehicles (SPVs) through a series of asset structure optimizations and reorganizations so as to transfer stagnant assets or unforeseeable future incomes into real cash flow through issuing securities. This liquid cash flow can ensure the funds needed by existing large-scale public buildings retrofit. The ABS financing mode can satisfy the fund requirements of this project and reduce the ratio of liabilities to assets. Because the assets of backed securitization are good assets, it can effectively avoid converse selection risk to ensure economic safety. ABS also can offer a good financing mode for Energy Management Contract (EMC) and Energy Service Company (Esco) and promote healthy development of an energy-efficient service system.


Complete asymptotic expansions are obtained for the integrated state density and the spectral function of a Hill operator with smooth potential. These expansions can be differentiated any number of times outside small neighborhoods of forbidden zones.Bibliography: 18 titles.


To identify the baseline demographic and clinical characteristics associated with diabetes‐related distress (DRD) and factors associated with improvement in DRD after initiating use of the FreeStyle Libre (FSL) in people living with type 1 diabetes (T1D).


Topical drug administration is a localized drug delivery system anywhere in the body through ophthalmic, rectal, vaginal and skin as topical routes. Skin is one of the most readily accessible organs on human body for topical administration and is main route of topical drug delivery system. The objective of this paper is to discuss how the gel forms of drug becoming more popular due to ease of application and better percutaneous absorption.


The border areas are structured by complex activities, territories that are difficult to limit, but places that contain significant potential and development opportunities. This work aims to assess the financing scheme of economic activities as well as the implications of the actors in the process of development of the Atacora border municipalities. The methodological approach was to collect data and information by means of documentary research, direct observations in the field, interviews and surveys of 536 people in the study environment and the interpretation of the results.  The model used to analyze the results is SWOT. In fact, trade is organized around 30 well-organized markets that are the main attractions for agricultural products from harvesting, livestock products, manufacturing products and petroleum products. However, the trade in manufacturing products and the sale of adulterated gasoline favored the economic growth of the players. These contribute to the development of the cities through the payment of taxes. This allows these municipalities to record from 2012 to 2016 receipts of up to 255 640 740 Fcfa. It should also be noted that the geographical situation of these municipalities has favored and intensified exchanges with Burkina-Faso and Togo, which relations influence the development of these localities through the improvement of living conditions of the populations and the realization of  modern homes.


FIELD: conveyor building. SUBSTANCE: invention relates to device for fixation of guide way, particularly rail of overhead conveyor or lift device. Device for fixation of guide way of rail of overhead conveyor on running or bearing mechanism with tractive element, which is by one end fixed on guide way. Through tractive element it is passed screw, fixed on guide way through support. Tractive element is one-piece with opening in its bottom part for mentioned screw and opening in its top part for fixation of running or bearing mechanism. Screw is fixed to tractive element through joint-type bearing. EFFECT: there is achieved design simplification and reliability in operation. 37 cl, 13 dwg


The Metropolitan Atlanta Rapid Transit Authority (MARTA) has achieved an even greater than expected success with its transit system. Record breaking ridership, expansion to the Hartsfield Atlanta International Airport, and an extremely successful integration of its bus and rail systems all add to its achievement record. The system, which began as a 6.7-mile, seven station system carrying some 10,000 riders per day, is now a 32-mile system of 29 stations with a daily ridership of some 210,000. Despite all of this, funding continues to plague the system, but citizens of two counties approved a one-percent sales tax to pick up some of the funding slack lost from the federal government.


The present invention relates to a turbomachine (1) for aircraft comprising a gas generator (14) and a receiver (30) driven by free power turbine (34, 38). According to the invention, it also comprises an electric power generator (60) whose rotor (62), centered on the longitudinal axis (2) of the turbomachine, is rotationally driven by the free power turbine (34, 38 ).


For Byzantines, catanyctic poetry offered a rich source of models for self-representation. In this paper I analyse the poetic strategies and literary motifs through which Nikephoros Ouranos (tenth–eleventh century) shaped the self in his catanyctic alphabet. In particular, I will focus on the intertextual strategies employed by Ouranos in order to model the catanyctic self, such as the identification with scriptural sinners, and the presence of biblical metaphors.


One of the United States Support Program's (USSP) priorities for 2008 is to support the International Atomic Energy Agency's (IAEA) development of an integrated and efficient safeguards information infrastructure, including reliable and maintainable information systems, and effective tools and resources to collect and analyze safeguards-relevant information. The USSP has provided funding in support of this priority for the ISIS Re-engineering Project (IRP), and for human resources support to the design and definition of the enhanced information analysis architecture project (nVision). Assistance for several other information technology efforts is provided. This paper will report on the various ongoing support measures undertaken by the USSP to support the IAEA's information technology enhancements and will provide some insights into activities that the USSP may support in the future.


Objectives:  To determine the clinical features at presentation of children with infective endocarditis to a tertiary centre and review the role of the emergency department in these cases. The subsequent course and outcomes are briefly discussed.


Total knee arthroplasty is an effective surgical tr ea ment, although patients do not recover completely normal lower limb joint kinematics and kinetics, and normal musc le activity in daily living activities at the operated knee. Whereas the tibio-femoral joint has been largely ex ploited in the past using several methodologies, the patello-f moral joint, which plays a fundamental role in the extens or mechanism, has not been considered with the appropr iate care. The aim of this pilot study was to report the  preliminary results of a novel technique for accura te knee kinematics assessment at the follow-up after total knee arthroplasty by tracking all three prosthesis compo nents, i.e. including also the patellar polyethylene component, using three-dimensional video-fluoroscopy together with f ull body functional assessment by standard stereo-photogramm etric gait, electromyography and force plate analysis. Fi ve patients recruited for total knee arthroplasty were implanted by means of an advanced navigation technique [3]. D uring surgery three tantalum beads were inserted into the pat llar polyethylene component prior the final cementation. After six months, these patients were assessed using gait , force plate and electromyography analyses, together with a suitable adapted video-fluoroscopy technique. The l atter allowed kinematics tracking of patello-femoral join t in addition to standard tibio-femoral joint. Mean pate ll r flexion, rotation and tilt ranges during flexion an d extension against gravity in the operated knee were 64.4° and 64.4°, 6.7° and 6.8°, and 6.3° and 8.5°. Abnormal tibio-fe moral joint kinematic and kinetic patterns were found in abnormal patello-femoral rotations. These findings support relevance, feasibility and efficacy of in-vivo patellar tracki ng using video-fluoroscopy combined with gait analysis.


Adversarial training has shown promise in building robust models against adversarial examples. A major drawback of adversarial training is the computational overhead introduced by the generation of adversarial examples. To overcome this limitation, adversarial training based on single-step attacks has been explored. Previous work improves the single-step adversarial training from different perspectives, e.g., sample initialization, loss regularization, and training strategy. Almost all of them treat the underlying model as a black box. In this work, we propose to exploit the interior building blocks of the model to improve efficiency. Specifically, we propose to dynamically sample lightweight subnetworks as a surrogate model during training. By doing this, both the forward and backward passes can be accelerated for efficient adversarial training. Besides, we provide theoretical analysis to show the model robustness can be improved by the single-step adversarial training with sampled subnetworks. Furthermore, we propose a novel sampling strategy where the sampling varies from layer to layer and from iteration to iteration. Compared with previous methods, our method not only reduces the training cost but also achieves better model robustness. Evaluations on a series of popular datasets demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed FB-Better. Our code has been released at https://github.com/jiaxiaojunQAQ/FP-Better.


Sidney Nolan's 1945 painting Ned Kelly: 'Nobody knows anything about my case except myself' (hereafter Nobody knows) is one of the earliest instances of the artist's use of the iconic black square motif to represent the mask of Australia's most notorious bushranger. The work not only marks a defining point in Nolan's development of the mask as a modernist pictorial device, but is significant in terms of his technical experimentation with paint. It also presents intriguing autobiographical elements that underpin his conception of Ned Kelly's identity and contribute to the construction of his own self-image. A key artwork in the collection of the Heide Museum of Modern Art, Melbourne, Nobody knows thus holds unique insight into Nolan's future evolution as an artist. The recent discovery, through X-ray fluorescence analysis at the Australian Synchrotron, of a fully-formed portrait head beneath the mask has opened up new avenues for the study of Nolan's methods and materials and for fresh and thought-provoking interpretative possibilities. This paper describes the advanced conservation science imaging and reconstructive colouration methodologies that revealed the composition of the elemental underlayers of Nobody knows, and the application of these data to arthistorical interpretation. It also describes the design processes and strategies involved in creating a virtual reality museum installation that compiles, visualises and interprets these data for public audiences. In doing so it provides a case study for new museological and industrial workflows in which the acquisition of interrogative data about artworks and their materials, traditionally conceived of as collection documentation ephemera or as didactic tools, might deliver a new, natively digital aesthetic that not only aids in the interpretation of an original work of art but can also be leveraged by embodied media technologies to produce affective and user-driven cultural heritage experiences. In this workflow, data visualisation becomes an


Mortar is considered one of the construction materials in great demand in the world, obtaining materials for its preparation require the exploitation of a large part of renewable and nonrenewable resources. In order to dissipate the consumption of natural aggregates, the reuse of different materials that are normally discarded has been studied; glass is an important option for the preparation of mortar. Therefore, the objective of the present investigation was to design a mortar for masonry incorporating crushed glass. The mixing design was made for dosages of 1: 3.5, 1: 4, 1: 5 and 1: 6 with substitution of 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, 25% and 30% of fine aggregate by crushed glass; tested at the age of 7, 14, 21 and 28 days. The fluidity of the mortar in fresh state and the mechanical properties such as the resistance to compression and bending of the mortar, resistance to adhesion by bending in masonry piles, resistance to axial compression of piles and resistance to diagonal compression in walls were evaluated. of bricklayer. The highest resistance was obtained for the dosage of 1: 3.5 with 30% as the optimum percentage of substitution, reaching a higher resistance compared to the standard mortar; for the dosage of 1: 4 the optimum percentage was 25%; for 1: 5 it was determined with 20%; and finally, 10% was obtained as the best percentage for the 1: 6 dosages. From these values it was determined that, once the optimal percentages were reached, the strength of the mortar decreases as the substitution increases. The results obtained allowed to conclude that the crushed glass significantly influences the mortar properties.


The author describes a narrowband quaternary FM modem employing a Nyquist baseband pulse for PMR application. The PMR network requires 8 kbit/s data rate in a 12.5 kHz channel spacing and 60 dB adjacent channel attenuation. Novel solutions are presented to enable a reliable detection of short blocks, and hence to achieve the burst capability. A simple and robust open-loop structure is derived for the blockwise estimation of the DC offset and the signal amplitude. A block equalizer is proposed to eliminate the irreducible error rate caused by the acquisition behavior of the decision feedback equalizer, which is necessary to resolve the intersymbol interference due to the FM high pass characteristic. Simulation results are presented which show that the modem with the blockwise detection achieves almost the same bit error performance as in the steady-state.<<ETX>>


Biometrics is the measurement and statistical analysis of people's physical and behavioural characteristics. Using biometrics to verify identity means using a physical characteristic such as face, voice or fingerprints to authenticate an individual's claimed identity. Fingerprint matching is by far the most successful biometric technology because its ease of use, non-intrusiveness and reliability. Here we introduce a novel system for protecting fingerprint privacy by combining two different fingerprints into new identity. Firstly we extract the minutiae position from one fingerprint, the orientation from other fingerprint and reference point from both fingerprints. The coding strategy is applied and a combined minutiae template is generated and stored in database. In the authentication process, the system needs two query fingerprints from the same fingers which are used in enrollment. A two-stage fingerprint matching process is proposed for matching the two query fingerprints against a combined minutiae template.


Simultaneous occurrence of Dirac-like cones at the center of the Brillouin zone (Γ) at two different energy states is termed Dual-Dirac-like cones (DDC) in this article. The occurrence of DDC is a rare phenomenon. Thus, the generation of multiple Dirac-like cones at the center of the Brillouin zone is usually non-manipulative and poses a challenge to achieve through traditional accidental degeneracy. However, if predictively created, DDC will have multiple engineering applications with acoustics and vibration. Thus, the possibilities of creating DDC have been identified herein using a simple square periodic array of tunable square phononic crystals (PnCs) in air media. It was found that antisymmetric deaf bands may play critical roles in tracking the DDC. Hence, pivoting on the deaf bands at two different energy states, an optimized tuning parameter was found to achieve Dirac-like cones at two distinct frequency states, simultaneously. Orthogonal wave transport identified as key Dirac phenomena was achieved at two frequencies, herein. It was identified that beyond the Dirac-like cone, the Dirac phenomena remain dominant when a doubly degenerated state created by a top band with positive curvature and a near-flat deaf band are lifted from a bottom band with negative curvature. Utilizing a mechanism of rotating the PnCs near a fixed deaf band, frequencies are tracked to form the DDC, and orthogonal wave transport is demonstrated. Exploiting the dispersion behavior, unique acoustic phenomena, such as ballistic wave transmission, pseudo diffusion and acoustic cloaking are also demonstrated at the Dirac frequencies using numerical simulation. The proposed tunable acoustic PnCs will have important applications in acoustic and ultrasonic imaging, waveguiding and even acoustic computing.


This article presents a quantitative and objective approach to cat ganglion cell characterization and classification. The combination of several biologically relevant features such as diameter, eccentricity, fractal dimension, influence histogram, influence area, convex hull area, and convex hull diameter are derived from geometrical transforms and then processed by three different clustering methods (Ward's hierarchical scheme, K-means and genetic algorithm), whose results are then combined by a voting strategy. These experiments indicate the superiority of some features and also suggest some possible biological implications.


OBJECTIVE& BACKGROUND:
Corticobasal syndrome(CBS) is a neurodegenerative disorder, most characterized by asymmetric limb apraxia. We investigated anatomical substrates of limb apraxia in patients with CBS.
 DESIGN/METHODS:
We studied 24 CBS patients with unilateral limb apraxia and 15 healthy control subjects. Limb apraxia was tested by asking patients to imitate novel gestures. All subjects underwent [ 18 F]FDG PET and 3.0T MRI. For [ 18 F]FDG-PET, regional glucose metabolism was expressed as the metabolic ratio using primary visual cortex(V1) as reference. Inthe CBS group, measurements of [ 18 F]FDG uptake were compared between the more- and less-affected hemispheres, corresponding to the apraxic and non-apraxic hand respectively. Cortical thickness was obtained from 3.0T MRI using automated surface-based analysis. The inner and outer cortical surfaces were automatically extracted to define cortical thickness. Correlation analysis between measurements of [ 18 F]FDG PET and cortical thickness was performed using z-scores of each variable.
 RESULTS:
Comparisons of regional glucose metabolism between the more- and less-affected hemispheresrevealed significant hypometabolism in BA 44(pars opercularis of inferior frontal gyrus) and BA 40(supramarginal gyrus). Similar analysis of cortical thickness showed significant atrophy in the pars opercularis of inferior frontal gyrus(p 18 F]FDG PET and cortical thickness in the regions of both hypometabolism and cortical atrophy.
 CONCLUSIONS:
Compared to non-apraxic hemispheres, apraxic hemispheres of CBS patients showed significant hypometabolism and cortical atrophy in pars opercularis of inferior frontal gyrus andsupramarginal gyrus. These findings suggest that anatomical substrates of limb apraxia of imitation to gesture overlap with human mirror neuron system . Study Supported by:
Chong S. Lee Disclosure: Dr. Yoon has nothing to disclose. Dr. Kim has nothing to disclose. Dr. Yun has nothing to disclose. Dr. Kim has nothing to disclose. Dr. Doudet has received personal compensation for activities as a speaker. Dr. Doudet has received research support from Bayer Healthcare. Dr. Lee has nothing to disclose. Dr. Lee has nothing to disclose.


Thursday, June 9, 2016 - 09:00 to Saturday, June 11, 2016 - 17:00 Kunstmuseum Wolfsburg in Germany Gerard & Kelly, Timeling, 2014, Performance, Solomon R. Guggenheim Museum, New York, Photo: Courtesy of the artists The German Association of Conservator-Restorers (VDR) is delighted to announce the major international symposium Collecting and Conserving Performance Art, to be hosted by the Kunstmuseum Wolfsburg in Germany on June 9—11, 2016. Over the last decade, art collections and museums a...


Nine analogues of thymic humoral factor (THF)-gamma-2 were prepared by the solid-phase method, and their in vitro restoring effect on the impaired blastogenic response of phytohemagglutinin(PHA)-stimulated T-lymphocytes of uremic patients with infectious diseases were examined. The results were as follows: [Arg6]-THF-gamma-2 exhibited higher restoring activity than that of our synthetic THF-gamma-2. [Sar4]-, [Val1]-, [Arg3]-, [Gly5]-, and [Asn3]-THF-gamma-2 were also active but less potent than that of our synthetic THF-gamma-2. Three other peptides, [beta-Ala4]-, [Arg2]-, and [Gln2]-THF-gamma-2, did not show any restoring activity on the impaired blastogenic response of uremic patients with infectious disease.


During geomagnetic storms, there occurs an increase of cosmic-ray flux, superposed on the well-known Forbush decrease, although the increase, in general, is rather hard to detect by a casual inspection of cosmic-ray records. By carefully eliminating the Forbush decrease, it is shown that the time variation of this increase closely follows the storm-time variation of Dst(H), which is an approximate measure of the intensity of the ring current field. For storms with a weak Dst decrease, the increase is small or absent, regardless of the magnitude of the Forbush decrease. By using a model ring current that takes into account the three adiabatic motions of ring current particles, it is shown that the observed increase can be reasonably explained. Further, it is suggested that a large asymmetry of the storm-time cosmic-ray increase is caused by the asymmetry of the ring current.


Preparing for managed care in residential treatment/ Mordock, John B. RESIDENTIAL TREATMENT FOR CHILDREN AND YOUTH 15(3) 1998 pp5S-68 To prepare for managed care in child welfare, foster care agencies in the US need to adapt to a number of upcoming changes in practice. They may need to change a program oriented administrative structure to a geographically oriented one; form networks of service providers; develop specific practice guidelines for delineated client groups; determine the true costs of care for these client groups in preparation for capitated financing; develop family case management practices, family friendly services and client satisfaction surveys; become more politically active in a wider professional arena; and learn to work in tandem with child protective service workers in public agencies. (Abstract amended) Country/State: USA


A GC-FPD method for 5 kinds of organophosphorus pesticides in bottom soil was developed.The samples were directly injected into GC after Soxhlet extraction and GPC purification.The analyses were qualitated by retention time and quantitated by peak area using external standard method.The recoveries of five organophosphorus pesticides were between the range of 86.5%~103.2%.The relative standard deviations were between 2.47%~5.70%.The detection limits of the method were between the range of 0.0001~0.0002 mg/kg.The method had high accuracy and sensitivity.The determination of the five organophosphorus pesticides in bottom soil could be accomplished simultaneously after simple pretreatment.


Digitalization has led to an increase in electronic government services and democratic developments. One crucial aspect in the context of e-government for democracies consists of e-voting systems, which enable citizens to vote electronically. The Swiss government recently decided on the nationwide introduction of e-voting systems. One target group, which could particularly benefit from the introduction of e-voting systems, are Swiss nationals living abroad. However, the introduction of e-voting systems entails costs, thus an estimation of the willingness of Swiss nationals abroad to make use of the possibility of voting electronically is central to the introduction of e-voting systems. In November 2017, 596 Swiss citizens living abroad completed a questionnaire addressing their experience with and assessment of e-voting systems. Results yield a very high willingness to use e-voting among the respondents. Swiss nationals living abroad seem to perceive e-voting as being very useful and efficient. In addition, the findings show that concerns about data security seem to be of high importance for potential users of e-voting systems.


In this paper, we describe an environment developed to support a rich learning experience in which practice and theory in relational databases are better integrated, enabling students from various backgrounds to appreciate the significance of relational theory and the logical flaws in SQL. Our lightweight open source software includes the aspects of a commercial database system that are most relevant to teaching relational databases and can be run on several platforms.


On September 20, 1870, Nathaniel Pitt Langford, a leader of the second Yellowstone expedition, wrote in his diary: "Last night, and also this morning in camp, the entire party had a rather unusual discussion. The proposition was made by some member that we utilize the result of our exploration by taking up quarter sections of land at the most prominent points of interest," specifically, those that "would eventually become a source of great profit to the owners." Yet Cornelius Hedges declared "that he did not approve of any of these plans—that there ought to be no private ownership of any portion of that region, but that the whole of it ought to be set aside as a great National Park, and that each one of us ought to make an effort to have this accomplished" (quoted in Runte 1997: 41). That was a radical suggestion for 1870. Late 19th-century American culture was dominated by a spirit of extreme individualism (Dustin et al. 2004). As the country moved westward, the settlement and private development of the public domain was a primary goal of public policy. Americans viewed themselves as rugged individualists and 19th-century governments tended to be limited in scope; few would have foreseen the development of (or need for) the network of preserved public lands that arose in the 20th century. Yet seeds of change were in the wind. American intellectuals in the East were disturbed by the looting of Southwestern Indian ruins and pressed for preservation through government action (Dustin et al. 2004). The pressure they exerted on Congress resulted in the Antiquities Act of 1906, which gave president Theodore Roosevelt the preservation mechanism he needed. Characteristically, Roosevelt acted immediately and with vigor, preserving multiple national monuPrivatization: An Overview


The article presents the concept of maslaha, i.e. public good, as well as its historical evolution and scope of application in law and politics. Throughout the centuries the scope and definition of maslaha has been changing, thus it became both a tool used in the Islamic law, Shariah, as well as a philosophical concept. Due to its essence – its reference to the public good – it was now and again used in politics to legitimise the deeds of the rulers, sometimes flavoured with religion, sometimes based on national reasoning. All these pieces are presented in the following article.


Objective The clinical value of Color Doppler ultrasound(CDUS)in researching the hemodynamic parameters of the internal carotid artery stenosis in patients with ischemic cerebral vascular disease(ICVD).Methods The study was consisted of 50 normal adults and 48 patients with ICVD.Using Color Doppler ultrasound(CDVS)to exam carotid artery,the diameter stenosis rate of ICA was calculated using the special software in the work station of the machine.Parameters of carotid artery were measured,including peak systolic velocity(PSV),end-diastolic velocity(EDV),and resistance index(RI).The PSV ratio of ICA and common carotid artery(CCA)were calculated.The results of our research were compared with magnetic resonance angiography(MRA)findings in diagnostic criterion of ICA stenosis.Results The parameters of tests including ICA-PSV and ICA-PSV/CCA-PSV in patients with ICVD and the healthy controls,there were no significant difference(P0.05).ICA-EDV in patients with ICVD was significantly lower than the healthy controls(P0.05),on the contrary,RI was higher(P0.05).All of cases which diagnosed ICA moderate or severe stenosis and occlusion in our research were compared with MRA,no significant difference was noted.(χ2=0.1557,P0.05).Conclusion The blood flow spectrum changes of ICA by CDUS could contribute to the differential diagnosis and predicting prognosis of ICUD.It is valuable to take early and effective measures for the prevention and treatment of anterior circulation ischemic stroke.


Introduction and purpose of GET GreenerWhile many initiatives and measures exist that hold the potential for greener transportsand logistics systems, studies show that the relative importance of en ...


This essay tries to answer the question why the considerable production of short narratives (contos) both in Creole and in Portuguese of Guinea-Bissau goes almost completely unnoticed, in spite of the (mostly) high literary quality of these texts. Obviously, this has something to do with the marginality of the country not only  regarding its relation to the former colonial power Portugal and the lusophone world, but also concerning its standing among other African cultures. Political instability (which has historical roots), a very complex linguistic situation, as well as the dire necessity to organize daily survival are some of the reasons that restrain an adequate reception of these books in Guinea-Bissau, whereas precarious publishing-conditions and restricted possibilities of distribution limit a wider circulation of these works at an international level. Nevertheless, the literary genre conto in Africa is a multifaceted concept which covers a whole spectrum of short narratives, ranging from the millennial oral stories to the contemporary literary stories, including a variety of 'hybrid' forms that blend together the manifold functions of the traditional narrative with the exigencies of postmodern writing. The overview of the nineteen collections of short narratives from Guinea-Bissau, which concludes these considerations, reflects and proves the rich, variegated  and versatile nature of the Guinean conto which encompasses (anonymous) stories in Creole, passes through the half overheard, half invented stories of Odete Semedo and ends up e.g. in the highly literary narratives of the small anthology Fogo Facil by Marinho de Pina.


This paper presents the impact case study of a resilience training programme in Belgium that was developed to prevent radicalization leading to violent extremism among 12 to 18 year old youngsters and their social environment. Based on data from an evaluation study of the trainings and from programme data of the past 7 years an societal impact case study of the programme has been developed. The most striking result is that the programme knows a strong policy impact on regional, national EU and even UN level whereas the reach of the programme within the core target group of youngsters and their social environment is rather limited so far. This shows an interesting discrepancy between the different impact levels and shows the diversity societal impact can have.


Public policy formation and implementation for career guidance provision are complex issues, not least because in most countries career guidance is a peripheral part of legislation for education, employment, and social inclusion. Policy solutions are compromises by nature. Regulations and economic incentives are the main policy instruments for career guidance provision, but there is often incoherence between the intentions of the regulations and the economic incentives provided for policy implementation. The intermediary organizations that serve to implement policy add significant variability to policy effects. International bodies and organizations have shown significant interest in the role of career guidance in education and employment policies through the undertaking of policy reviews, the formulation of recommendations for career guidance, and, in some cases, providing economic incentives to support their implementation. However, there is a dearth of evaluation studies of policy formation and implementation at the national level.


Contribution of seminal plasma on stallion semen cryotolerance is largely unknown. Some components of seminal plasma are known for their antioxidant effect a...


Sockeye salmon (Oncorhynchus nerka) from Great Central Lake, Vancouver Island, British Columbia, were sampled in May of 1986 and 1987 to study the locations and sizes of plerocercoids of Diphyllobo...


Salmonella sp. presents widely distributed in nature and can be found in a variety of foods, such as fruits, vegetables, raw milk, and chicken meat. Combined with the genetic selection, this microorganism presents characteristics such as resistance to antibiotics, enzyme production expanded spectrum betalactamases (ESBL), biofilm formation and resistance to the sanitizers. Thus, the aim was assessing the ability of biofilm formation of Salmonella spp. in polypropylene surface and check the action of different peracetic acid (AP) concentrations on the removal of the biofilm formed. Thirteen isolates of Salmonella spp. were used, which presented the ESBL production, belonging to serotypes S. Typhimurium (n = 6), S. Heidelberg (n = 4) and S. Ndolo (n = 3) isolated from meat cuts of poultry. Biofilms were produced in polypropylene coupons in duplicate in Luria-Bertani broth ajusted in 0.5 MacFarland scale for every culture and incubated at 37oC/96h. Later, the coupons were washed with 10 mL of Phosphate-Buffered Saline and frictioned with sterile swabs. At the same time, coupons were treated with MIC, 0,1 and 0,2% of AP for 10 minutes, with subsequent friction for swabs. In both cases, serial dilutions were done and was inocculated in Tryptic Soy Agar count, with the results expressed in Log CFU/cm. All trials were conducted in three repetitions in time. The average of the biofilm cells was 5.03 Log CFU/cm. When evaluated the total elimination of the bacterial cells, there was 30.77% survival in both the condition of the MIC as 0.1% of AP. These values will reduce to 20.51% when treated with 0.2% of AP. Results concern are demonstrated in this study since the maximum condition of use recommended by the manufacturer (0,2% AP/10 min) there were surviving cells, showing tolerance of some isolated in the face of the sanitizing action. This can be justified by the ability of ESBL production by isolated, conferring resistance to cross-other chemical compounds, such as sanitizers, necessitating further genotypic researchs these microorganisms resistant.