The ecological interpretation of extinct plants requires that function-based ecological analogy be made between extant and extinct organisms. Particularly for non-angiosperms, such analogy has been reluctantly assumed. Using a nonangiosperm model, this study identifies a specific suite of characters that can be used to interpret light environments for ancient plants. The tree fern Cyathea caracasana is used as a living model because it offers structural and architectural analogy with ancient tree ferns and some Paleozoic free-standing arborescent pteridosperms. A variety of leaf anatomical and morphological measurements were made on 34 individuals growing in secondary forest and abandoned pasture at Reserva Natural La Planada, Nariho, Colombia. Leaf characters were correlated with sitelight conditions quantified from hemispherical photographs. Spearman correlation coefficients show that blade size, petiole length, and palisade/ spongy mesophyll ratio are well correlated with light environment. Significant relationships were also observed in frond surface area, thickness of ultimate segment, epidermis thickness, and hypodermis thickness. Although some features may be influenced by nutrient and water status, a well-developed palisade layer and thick hypodermis are specific indicators of light environment that vary plastically in Cyathea caracasana. These data can be used to refine ecological interpretations of extinct foliage; Alethopterisand Neuropteristype medullosan pteridosperms of the Middle Pennsylvanian (Westphalian) of Euramerica provide an illustrative example. INTRODUCTION


A portrait of William Ward Watkin wearing a suit and tie. On the bottom right side, "Schlueter, Houston Texas" is embossed. Original resource is a Sepia-tone photograph.


Cd0.80Zn0.20Te ingots were grown in quartz ampoule with and without carbon coating,respectively,by modified Bridgman method using high purity Cd0.8Zn0.2Te polycrystals as initial material synthesized by our laboratory.The X-ray diffraction spectra showed that the integrality of the crystals was good.The infrared spectrum was obtained by Prestige-21 Fourier Transform Infrared Spectrometer.The result of infrared spectrum showed that the transmittance of the crystals grown in ampoule with carbon coating was better than those grown without carbon coating.The I-V curve showed that the former resistivity was higher.The photos of the etch pits showed that the EPD of the crystal without coating carbon was 105cm-2,and the EPD of the crystal with coating carbon was 103-104cm-2.


In line with the objective of Writing 1; making the students
capable to write a good recount including a(n) (auto) biography texts and
narratives texts in grammatically correct and acceptable sentences in
English, the writer, hence, tries to investigate the quality of Writing 1
products, especially the narrative texts they produced. The data sources
of the study under report are Writing 1 students' final semester test
papers of the even semester of the academic year of 2006/2007 and
2008/2009 in the EESP of WMSCU. The results of the analyses show that
the organization of the narrative of the excellent. Even though the
organizational patterns are varied, the readers are still able to follow the
compositions with a good understanding and feel the flow of the
compositions. In short, those compositions are understandable.


Objective To study the role of bone morphogenetic protein-2(BMP2) and astrocyte-conditioned medium(ACM) in SVZa neural stem cells differentiating into dopaminergic neurons.Methods The neural stem cells of SVZa were separated and cultured in vitro,which were divided into:control group,BMP2 group,ACM group,BMP2+ACM group.The TH+ cells rate of differentiation of the neural stem cells of SVZa was detected by immunohistochemistry and flow cytometry(FCM).Results The rate of TH+ cells differentiation in each experiment group were much higher than control group,especially in the group of BMP2+ACM.There was significant difference among all groups by analysis of variance(P0.05).Conclusion BMP2 and ACM can promote the dopaminergic neuronal differentiation of the neural stem cells of SVZa and have positive cooperativity.


The importance of feeding pelleted feed to broilers is no longer questionable. However, the extent of performance benefits associated with feeding pelleted diets to broilers depends on available nutrient intake, which, in turn, is influenced by grain type, processing variables such as conditioning temperature, feed texture and birds' digestive-tract development. The current practice of a high degree of feed processing, especially fine grinding, and ad libitum feeding do not support the normal development and functionality of the foregut. Incorporation of structural components in contemporary broiler diets can impart benefits to the birds' digestive system. Benefits from pelleting could be improved by using diets with lesser nutrient densities and a pellet-appropriate approach is suggested for broiler-feed formulation. In this strategy, dietary nutrient density must be considered to maximise the benefits from the steam-pelleting process. Identification of the optimum density to be used will warrant further research that also involves the economics. On the basis of available evidence, it is reasonable to assume that nutrient requirements of modern broilers may depend on the feed form and there is a need to determine the nutrient requirements of broilers using pelleted diets.


The detection and tracking performance of passive radar systems can be enhanced by exploiting multiple emitters and one receiver site by allowing for multiple bistatic geometries. This article investigates the measurement accuracy of passive radar systems that employ the advanced television system committee (ATSC 1.0) signal as a signal of opportunity. The monostatic and bistatic modified Cramér–Rao lower bound for the range and velocity measurements are derived as a quantitative way to evaluate the performance variation when exploiting multiple transmitters. The effect of 3D target position on the signal-to-noise ratio, with respect to stationary transmitters and receiver, is highlighted. Furthermore, signal-to-interference-and-noise ratio modeling is included by considering the direct signal interference suppression performance for a set of transmitters. An example in Columbus, Ohio, for a single receiver and multiple digital television transmitters that are spatially distributed is presented to find the optimal emitter that yields the best range and velocity measurement in the analyzed area. Target-tracking experiments show an agreement between the optimal emitter map and the tracking quality for the set of transmitters.


The use of deep strength asphalt materials characterization to construct and restore the heavily urban roads where damage has been induced is rapidly grown in Western Australia. Five different types of asphalt mixes were produced in laboratory to modify pavement performance mixture. The main role of this research is to evaluate the pavement materials characterization for Western Australia road. In this study, laboratory test for tensile strength, resilient modulus, wheel tracking, binder contents, Marshall Compaction, and air voids contents test were taken to analyze each asphalt mixtures. The results indicated that AC20-75 and AC14-75 asphalt mixes blow were in a good pavement performance as compared to other asphalt mixes. For a mix design purposed, all the asphalt mixes that are used in this study can strength and stable the stiffness of pavement that is notable, and the modification effect rank can be described as AC20-75 Blow > AC14-75 Blow > AC14-50 Blow > AC7-50 Blow > SMA7-50 Blow in this research.


The haematology and serum components of Red Sokoto goats fed baobab fruit meal  was investigated. A total of 16 animals were randomly allotted to four dietary treatments with four animal per replicate in a completely randomized design. Treatment 1 was control with no baobab fruit meal supplement, Treatments 2 , 3 and 4 had 10%, 20% and 30%  respectively. The heamatological and serum characteristics were significantly affected (P<0.05) across the treatments with Treatment 3 (20% inclusion) having the highest PCV (%), Hb (g/dl) and RBC (X 10 9/l ) respectively. The serum quality of T3 and T4 were not significantly different but albumin and iron levels were higher in T3 . However, the cholesterol level fluctuates along the treatment with control having the highest cholesterol level of 67.25 ± 2.0 ab while T3 had the least value of 60.95 ± 5.1 b . The study showed that all the dietary inclusion are satisfactory as feed for small ruminant without any deleterious effect on performance and blood profile.  Inclusion level of 20% baobab appeared to have better overall performance when fed to red sokoto goat. Keywords : baobab fruit meal, red sokoto goats, haematology, serum


Software is the key enabling technology (KET) as digitalization is cross-cutting future energy systems spanning the production sites, distribution networks, and consumers particularly in electricity smart grids. In this paper, we identify systematically what particular software competencies are required in the future energy systems focusing on electricity system smart grids. The realizations of that can then be roadmapped to specific software capabilities of the different future 'software houses' across the networks. Our instrumental method is software competence development scenario path construction with environmental scanning of the related systems elements. The vision of future software-enabled smart energy systems with software houses is mapped with the already progressing scenarios of energy systems transitions on the one hand coupled with the technology foresight of software on the other hand. Grounding on the Smart Grid Reference Architecture Model (SGAM), it tabulates the distinguished software competencies and attributes them to the different parties—including customers/consumers (Internet of People, IoP)—involved in future smart energy systems. The resulting designations can then be used to recognize and measure the necessary software competencies (e.g., fog computing) in order to be able to develop them inhouse, or for instance to partner with software companies, depending on the future desirability. Software-intensive systems development competence becomes one of the key success factors for such cyber-physical-social systems (CPSS). Further futures research work is chartered with the Futures Map frame. This paper contributes preliminarily toward that by identifying pictures of the software-enabled futures and the connecting software competencebased scenario paths.


to New York City to see the exhibition. I wanted to drive through sweet New Jersey with the picnic basket bumping my knee and the line of trees keeping the sun out from Phillipsburg to Newark. Over and over again I thought of him in the 1930s and I thought of the paintings he did and I thought of the France he loved, all plump and modern and corrupt. He was 55 in 1936 and slipping through the silence before his next flowering; he was moving from one hard place to another, dipping his hand and smearing the white canvas. ?I think I'd have to choose between the woman with a hat or the one with rope for a face or the one reclining?with stars?or the one in a nightmare ripping apart a handkerchief; or maybe the goat; or maybe the bicycle handle. On June ninth I stood peacefully in line waiting to crawl through the numbered rooms. I was so quiet little birds were resting on my soft shoulder and little leaves were growing from my legs and arms. Somewhere, inside my chest, a heart was pounding, and I was listening again, a little thinner and a little whiter than the last time.


In any area of scholarly inquiry, there are always several ways in which the phenomena under study may be sorted and arranged for purposes of systemic analysis. Whether in the physical or social sciences, the observer may choose to focus upon the parts or upon the whole, upon the components or upon the system. He may, for example, choose between the flowers or the garden, the rocks or the quarry, the trees or the forest, the houses or the neighborhood, the cars or the traffic jam, the delinquents or the gang, die legislators or the legislative, and so on. Whether he selects the micro- or macro-level of analysis is ostensibly a mere matter of methodological or conceptual convenience. Yet the choice often turns out to be quite difficult, and may well become a central issue within the discipline concerned. The complexity and significance of these level-of-analysis decisions are readily suggested by the long-standing controversies between social psychology and sociology, personality-oriented and culture-oriented anthropology, or micro- and macro-economics, to mention but a few. In the vernacular of general systems theory, the observer is always confronted with a system, its sub-systems, and their respective environments, and while he may choose as his system any cluster of phenomena from the most minute organism to the universe itself, such choice cannot be merely a function of whim or caprice, habit or familiarity. The responsible scholar must be prepared to evaluate the relative utility—conceptual and methodological—of the various alternatives open to him, and to appraise the manifold implications of the level of analysis finally selected. So it is with international relations.


Cultural intelligence is one of the most effective tools in performing tasks in organizations that are culturally diverse. Organizations need more employees who have knowledge and skills in multiple areas in order to compete in today's modern and ever-changing world. This research aims to analyze the relationship between cultural intelligence and employee performance in the taken sample. The rekuired data were collected using 100 kuestionnaires that were distributed among the 200 employees of Azaran Industrial Group. The kuestionnaire designed by Early and Ang was used in this research. SPSS and Amos software programs were used to analyze the collected data. Results indicate that there exists a meaningful relationship between cultural intelligence and employee performance. Furthermore, results show that there exist meaningful relationships between cultural intelligence aspects and employee performance. The motivational aspect has the highest effect on employee performance while the behavioral aspect has the lowest.


In this paper, a remote filter design problem for a discrete-time singular plant under a networked control system is investigated. For a remote system, it is natural that transmitted signals have some delayed phenomenon and some data losing due to heavy loaded networks or under unreliable communication envelopment. In this case, a Bernoulli random distributed sequence is introduced to model the possible data losing, as well as the working but delayed transmitted signals are limited in some time interval. Applying a finite sum inequality approach, a set of delay dependent sufficient conditions for the admissibility analysis and the filter design problems are derived under an LMI framework. In order to verify and show the efficiency of the proposed method for such problem formulation, a numerical example is presented at the end of this paper.


The objective of this work was to show the contribution of the analysis of the heterogeneity of regression lines to the recommendation of new cultivars by the Eberhart & Russell method. An experiment with ten rice genotypes, evaluated in eight environments, was used to illustrate the methodology. A randomized complete block design, with three replicates, was used. The sum of squares of genotype x environment (GxA) interaction was decomposed to evaluate the heterogeneity of regression lines and the accumulated deviations from linearity. The heterogeneity of regression lines was analyzed using the t‑test on the linear regression coefficients of the genotypes. The two orthogonal components of GxA interaction were significant. The heterogeneity analysis of regression lines made it possible to detect inconsistencies in genotype adaptability, which reduced the chances of misleading recommendations of cultivars. Genotypes were ranked according to the efficiency of the Eberhart & Russell methodology to explain the nature of genotypic performance over changing environments. The evaluation of the heterogeneity of regression lines contributes to more effective recommendations of new cultivars with the use of the Eberhart & Russell methodology.


In this work, a simple optical method for measuring particle size distribution is investigated, as part of a particulate matter monitor. Particulate matter, defined as the suspended solid or liquid particles in air, is widely considered as one of the main air pollutants and a source of smog and global warming. Different particle sizes pose different health hazards, where particles with particle diameters less than 10 µm (PM10) can enter the nasal cavity, those smaller than 7 µm (PM7) can penetrate the throat and those smaller than 2.5 µm (PM2.5) can enter the lungs. These health risks have driven global interest in monitoring PM sizes and concentrations. The setup used in this work consists of a laser source in the visible spectral regime (633 nm wavelength) shined on opaque particulate matter of diameter distribution in the order of 10 µm to 50 µm. The diffraction pattern in the far field is captured using a CCD camera, without stringent requirements on the pixel size of the camera or large number of pixels. The captured image is processed to identify the diffraction pattern due to each particular matter, from which the size can be retrieved. This method offers an inexpensive, non-intrusive and simple implementation to finding the size distribution of particulate matter. Having good potential for further improvement and system miniaturization, particle sizing using laser diffraction pattern analysis opens the door for cheap personal air quality monitoring for real-time consumer application.


Abstract : Many of the units the U.S. Army plans to deploy in response to future contingencies are in the Reserve Components (RC). Although all such units would ideally be manned at a wartime state of readiness, in reality this is infeasible. Part of the current mobilization plan, accordingly, is a practice termed 'cross-leveling,' that is, moving soldiers from one unit to another to ensure that each has enough qualified soldiers for the required jobs. This practice was employed extensively in Operation Desert Shield/Storm, and was regarded as largely successful. But even though cross-leveling can be a cost-effective means to ensure unit deployability, it is not the ideal solution to reserve readiness problems. The greater the reliance on cross-leveling, the less the likelihood that units will have had peacetime individual and collective training adequate to permit cohesive performance of their wartime mission. This project examined the extent of cross-leveling during Desert Shield and Desert Storm, the reasons for it, the likelihood of serious personnel shortfalls in future deployments, and, based on these findings, the types of policies that could enhance the RC's readiness to deal with future contingencies. The analyses make it clear that there are personnel readiness shortfalls worth fixing in the Army RC and that reducing personnel turnover is the key to accomplishing that goal. They also suggest that reducing job turbulence--the tendency of soldiers to switch jobs--is likely to cost less than reducing attrition, but incentives to reduce both types of turnover will be required for many RC units.


The Liberal Arts degree offers students the opportunity to develop learning, thinking, and writing skills within a flexible degree designed to prepare them to successfully navigate upper division work at a transfer institution and develop habits of mind for life-long learning. In addition to the general education program, students will take at least one course that advances their research and writing skills and at least two others from a menu of courses requiring more in-depth study and the application of higher order thinking skills such as analysis, synthesis, and creativity. The Liberal Arts degree culminates in a capstone project that offers students an opportunity to reflect on what they have learned and showcase their accomplishments.


Three brothers, ages 12, 7 and 6 years with a striking similar history of psychomotor retardation, developmental defects in speech and reading, low I.Q.'s behavioral disabilities and hyperactivity were found to be retarded in growth and skeletal maturation. There was a positive family history of short stature and mental retardation. The oldest sibling had panhypopituitarism as indicated by lack of increase in serum HGH during insulin, arginine and deep sleep, low FBI and T4, low 24 hr. urinary 17KGS and lack of response to metyrapone. Administration of 25U of ACTH produced an increase in plasma cortisol levels from 3.2 meg/100 ml to 19.4. The other two had normal increases in serum HGH and normal thyroid and adrenal functions. A normal increase in serum TSH after administration of 7 μg/kg of TRF in the three indicated an intact pituitary gland. The increase in nitrogen balance, plasma FFA, insulin release, and the marked calciuria and hydroxyprolinuria produced by administration of HGH ruled out peripheral unresponsiveness to HGH. It is possible that a genetically determined brain lesion affected the hypothalamic centers controlling the anterior pituitary gland, resulting in a multiple deficiency of releasing factors in the oldest and a decreased secretion of an unknown hypothalamic factor involved in promoting growth in the other two. (Supported by NIH Grant RR-318)


The purpose of the present study was to investigate lay conceptions of religious influence. Specifically, we explored adolescents' and parents' perceptions of the ways in which their religious beliefs and practices had impacted them and their life. The sample included 419 adolescents and 282 parents recruited from across the United States through an online survey panel. Participants were asked to list three different ways that religion had influenced their lives. Responses were coded using grounded-theory qualitative methods. Six main themes of influence emerged in both the adolescent and parent responses: Interpersonal Relationships, Character Development, Religious Values and Practices, Perspective, Peace of Mind, and Spiritual Connections. The parents had two additional categories that focused on the themes of Family and Negative Experiences. Looking at similarities across themes, responses seemed to indicate that people broadly perceive religion to guide them in interpersonal relationships, life decisions, and character development. While these findings are largely congruent with prior theory and research, they suggest a greater emphasis should be placed on empirically examining the role of religiousness in interpersonal relationships.Religiousness seems to significantly influence people's lives. At the individual level, those who are more religious tend to experience greater mental health and physical health (Koenig, King, & Carson, 2012), as well as greater self-esteem and happiness (Hammermeister, Flint, Havens, & Peterson, 2001). Religious adolescents exhibit more prosocial behaviors (Hardy & Carlo, 2005) and less health-risk behaviors (Yonker, Schnabelrauch, & DeHaan 2012). In addition to these individual outcomes, religion is important to interpersonal relationships. For example, more religious couples show greater fidelity to their partners (Burdette, Ellison, Sherkat, & Gore 2007), and have stronger marital relationships with less distress (Fincham & Beach, 2013), Additionally, parental religiousness is related to parenting behaviors as well as child outcomes (Dumas & NissleyTsiopinis, 2006), and parents who believe in the sanctity of parenthood are less verbally aggressive to their children (Murray-Swank, Mahoney, & Pargament, 2006).Overall, theory and research suggest religion can have many positive outcomes for individuals and families. Nevertheless, there is still much left to learn. First, it is unclear whether the current literature accurately captures the scope and nature of religious influence. There may be ways in which religiousness influences people that scholars have overlooked. Lay conceptions can be particularly useful for identifying such gaps in the literature (Hardy, Walker, Olsen, Skalski, & Basinger, 2011). Second, we still know little about the processes of influence. Thus, even if the field has adequately captured what areas of life religiousness influences, it is still unclear how or why these effects of religiousness occur. Qualitative selfreports of perceptions and experiences can often help elucidate such underlying processes (Daly, 2007).To address these issues, we employed grounded-theory methods to discover how adolescents and parents perceived religion to influence their lives. Our rationale for doing this was twofold. First, qualitative instruments do not constrain results to a priori categories like quantitative measures (Daly, 2007), and they uncover lay perspectives on (Lambert, Fincham, & Graham, 2011) and deeper meanings of (Dollahite, Hawkins, & Parr, 2012) constructs studied. Secondly, subjective perceptions can be important predictors of behavior. For example, Schwartz (2006) found that adolescent perceptions of parental and peer religiosity predicted adolescents' religious behaviors and commitments.Specifically, we pursued answers to the following research questions:First, how do adolescents and adults perceive religion to influence their lives? …


We have recently designed a biochemistry laboratory experiment for the purpose of providing students an advanced experience with enzyme kinetics and the kinetics of binding. Bestatin, a well‐known and commercially available general protease inhibitor, is a slow‐binding inhibitor of aminopeptidase isolated from Aeromonas proteolytica. The binding is on a timescale slow enough for measurement without the use of a rapid‐mixing device. Aminopeptidase inhibition is detected via a standard colorimetric assay with an inexpensive commercially available substrate. The binding of bestatin follows first order binding kinetics with a rate constant kon of 59 ± 5 M−1 s−1. This aminopeptidase is well characterized with several crystal structures and a published Ki, which students can then use to calculate the value for koff.


Abstract The complete mitogenome of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. albedinis (FOA), the causal agent of the destructive fusarium wilt in date palm, is sequenced and assembled. The circular mitogenome of isolate Foa44 is 51,601 bp in length and contains 26 transfer RNA (tRNA) genes, one ribosomal RNA (rRNA), and 28 protein-coding genes. A mitogenome-based phylogenetic analysis of Fusarium revealed that FOA is congruent with previous nuclear-gene phylogenetic results.


The celebration of the nation and the state is a defining feature of school textbooks across the country. The present article aims to understand the textual means and pedagogic methods used in evolving a pan-Odia identity in the school textbooks of Odisha. The study has used Odia language and social science textbooks prescribed by the state as sources of sociological analysis. It aims to analyse patterns of regional representation, cultural and religious articulation and linguistic standardisation in constructing the ideal Odia identity. The study found that historical events, such as the Kalinga war, the Khandagiri site and the Paik rebellion have been used as memory posters. Though Odisha represents the highest form of linguistic diversity, there is an attempt to idealise Sanskritised Odia as authentic Odia which tends to delegitimise the region's multiple dialects and tongues. The article has also noted that only the cultural and linguistic practices of the coastal region have been used as a means of defining the cultural identity of Odisha. Thus, we argue that textbooks work as an ideological state apparatus, organised on principles of recognition and de-recognition of text and traditions of languages, regions, religions and cultural pathways of caste and the adivasi community of Odisha.


The objectives of this research were to identify the digital competencies required for information science specialists at Saudi universities and to examine whether there existed conspicuous differences in the standpoint of these specialists due to years of work experience with regard to the importance of these competencies. A descriptive analytical method was used to accomplish these objectives while extracting the required digital competency list and ascertaining its importance. The research sample comprised 24 experts in the field of information science from several universities in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. The participants in the sample were asked to complete a questionnaire prepared to acquire the pertinent data in the period between January 5, 2021 and January 20, 2021. The results reveal that the digital competencies required for information science specialists at Saudi universities encompass general features such as the ability to use computer, Internet, Web2, Web3, and smartphone applications, digital learning resource development, data processing (big data) and its sharing via the Internet, system analysis, dealing with multiple electronic indexing applications and learning management systems and its features, using electronic bibliographic control tools, artificial intelligence tools, cybersecurity system maintenance, ability to comprehend and use different programming languages, simulation, and augmented reality applications, and knowledge and skills for 3D printing. Furthermore, no statistically significant differences were observed between the mean ranks of scores of specialists with less than 10 years of practical experience and those with practical experience of 10 years or more with regard to conferring importance to digital competencies.


The paper proposed a mechanism for the formation of an investment portfolio in the international business environment, enabling investors to consider their own priorities and create a balance between risk and return. The current stage of development of the world economy is characterized by the appearance of unified international financial market, basic tools of which are the stocks, bonds, foreign exchange resources, options, warrants, forwards, etc. Such their diversity allows investors to effectively form an investment portfolio in an international environment. Close attention should be paid to the formation of the optimal structure of the investment portfolio, which would allow taking into account the performance of different financial instruments and creating a balance between risk and return. However, despite numerous scientific developments, the issue of investment portfolio has not received comprehensive solutions, and therefore remains relevant for future research. The purpose of this article is to summarize and develop the theoretical and methodological principles and to develop practical recommendations for the formation of an investment portfolio of businesses in the international environment. Diversification of financial instruments, i.e. the process of allocation of investment funds among the different objects of capital investments that are not directly related, is the most common method of risk reduction, which allows not only reducing their degree, but also increasing revenue by investing activities. Close attention should be paid to the formation of the optimal structure of the investment portfolio, which would allow to take into account the performance of different financial instruments and create a balance between risk and return (that is, to determine whether an investor is fully glad about investment performance at a certain level of risk)


Objective To investigate difference between continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion(CSⅡ) and multiple subcutaneous insulin injection(MSⅡ) in newly diagnozed patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.Methods 69 newly diagnozed patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus were randomly assigned into two groups,which were the CSⅡ group and the MSⅡ group.Empty stomach and blood glucose at the second hour of three postprandial,insulin dose,blood glucose control time were observed.Results Both CSⅡ and MSⅡ could effectively reduce fasting blood glucose and postprandial blood glucose.Compare with the MSⅡ group,the blood glucose control time was shorter,the insulin dose was less and the rate of hypoglycemic episodes was lower in the CSⅡ group.Conclusion Insulin pumping therapy as an intensive care is a safe,effective,simple therapeutic method and could shorten the high blood glucose control time and reduce the rate of hypoglycemic episodes.So it is the better way to intensively treat the diabetes mellitus.


Abstract Equilibrium molecular dynamics computer simulations have been used to determine the transport coefficients of model Ar—Kr mixtures, which are represented by Lennard-Jones pair potentials with Lorentz—Berthelot rules for the cross-species interactions. The component self-diffusion and mutual-diffusion coefficients are calculated from time correlation functions and mean square displacements. Time correlation functions are used to evaluate the shear and bulk viscosity, thermal conductivity and the thermal diffusion coefficient (Soret/Dufour coefficient). In the case of the thermal transport coefficients, the partial enthalpy of the two species is required at each state point to define the heat flux rigorously. We obtain this and the partial volume (and species resolved chemical potential) using particle-exchange (and particle insertion) techniques implemented in separate [NPT] simulations at the same state point. The viscoelasticity of the fluids is characterised by the relaxation times for bulk and...


Investigations were carried out for 5 years from October,2003 to October,2008 in a logged evergreen broad-leaved forest at Tiantong,Zhejiang province.Five following treatments were used in five sites:(Ⅰ) Big trees with height8 m and DBH5 cm were removed but sprouts retained;(Ⅱ) ground surface vegetation was removed but litter retained;(Ⅲ) all vegetation and 0-10 cm topsoil were removed.(Ⅳ) undergrowth was removed but big trees retained; and(Ⅴ) a control plot without any disturbance.Our results showed that:(1) The highest BAs (basal area value) were found in plotⅠand plotⅡ,with a value of 1 631.8 cm~2 and 1 619.4 cm~2 respectively,and the lowest in plotⅣwith a value of 43.4 cm~2.(2) The increase of BA in plotⅠwas mainly from the growth of retained evergreen broad-leaved trees;plotⅡhad the highest BA increase which was mainly from deciduous broad-leaved shrubs or small trees and deciduous broad-leaved trees,and plotⅢmainly from deciduous broad-leaved shrubs or small trees and evergreen broad-leaved trees;plotⅣhad few trees with low BAs.(3) Seedling and sapling recruitment fluctuated in all plots in 5 years.In plotⅠand plotⅡ,seedlings and saplings were mainly evergreen broad-leaved trees,but plotⅡhad more deciduous trees;seedlings and saplings in plotⅢwere mainly deciduous trees while in plotⅣmainly evergreen broadleaved trees.Our results indicate that logging impact the recovery and regeneration of the evergreen broad-leaved forest trees.Under logging big trees,evergreen broad-leaved trees recover quickly;under clearing undergrowth,main trees recover slowly;under two kinds of clear-cuttings, deciduous trees invade and dominate the plots or are mixed with evergreen broad-leaved trees.


Malaria is one of the diseases that until now is still a special concern for tropical countries such as Indonesia. Prevention of non-indigenous malaria transmission has recently become a priority for the Indonesian government's program to minimize the incidence. This study aims to analyze the presence of anopheles larvae in city areas in DKI Jakarta province which have the potential to be at risk of causing the emergence of indigenous malaria cases in 2022 by observational survey methods and strengthened by literature studies. The results were obtained by discovering anopheles in such "empang" in Marunda Village, Cilincing, North Jakarta, which is adjacent to the Navy Special Forces Command Headquarters dormitory. This is very potential for malaria to spread considering the mobility of troops who often go in and out of endemic areas both at home and abroad. Thus, it is necessary to improve coordination and cooperation between various stakeholders, especially the Province Health Department, the Navy Health Service, or other related agencies.


As a precursor to the revised Flora of South Australia, one new species of Indigofera, I. cornuligera Peter G.Wilson & Rowe (with two subspecies: subsp. cornuligera and subsp. flindersensis Peter G.Wilson & Rowe), and one new subspecies of I. australis Willd. (subsp. hesperia Peter G. Wilson & Rowe), are described. Neotypes are designated for three accepted species and lectotypes for seven synonyms.


We reported a case of huge gastric phytobezoar. The gastric phytobezoar was successfully removed through gastrotomy after two failed attempts in endoscopic fragmentation and removal. Disopyrobezoars could be treated either conservatively or surgically. Gastrotomy or laparoscopical management is recommended for the treatment of huge disopyrobezoars.


Learning Design seeks to share effective methods for online teaching, such as templates which can be automatically run by Learning Design systems. To overcome barriers to widespread adoption, a new "embed" function has been developed to allow teachers to view and trial a design from any public webpage – for example, a design can be embedded in a blog post. This new approach has been applied to sharing of designs developed in an ALTC project on medical student training in the scientific basis of medicine during clinical rotations in hospitals. Advantages of the new approach to sharing of medical education designs are discussed, including the ease of sharing designs among those unfamiliar with online Learning Design communities.


pregnancies without HG, those with the condition (n=374) had a slightly increased risk of preeclampsia with an overall adjusted odds ratio (AOR) of 1.19. However, that AOR was greater for those women who first developed HG in the second trimester compared to the first trimester (AOR=1.26 for second trimester vs. AOR=1.17 for first trimester). Compared with pregnancies without HG, those with HG had a 50% increased risk of placental abruption (AOR=1.47) and a slightly increased risk of an SGA infant (AOR=1.18). These outcomes carried the strongest risks in patients with second-trimester HG, with a >3-fold increased risk of abruption (AOR=3.07) and a 39% increased risk of SGA infant (AOR=1.39). First-trimester HG was not associated with placental abruption or SGA. No associations were found between HG and the risk of stillbirth. Patients with HG during the second trimester require increased surveillance as they may be at increased risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes attributed to abnormal placentation. Whether prophylactic treatments should be considered in these women requires additional studies.


As this editorial is being written the majority of this nation is engaging in Bicentennial celebrations. After two hundred years there are many things that the minority does not have and therefore many Blacks find it difficult to celebrate. One thing Black people have not been permitted to gain is "strong political power" on a national level or on most local levels for that matter. For instance, two hundred years and there has never been a Black president; two hundred years and there has never been a Black vice president; two hundred years and there has never been a Black majority or minority leader in the house or senate; and for two hundred years there has not been a Black Governor. For the next "hundred years" will we still be engaging in the rhetoric of "who is going to be first?" Can we blame "the man" for the next hundred years?


In 1903 the young criminal psychiatrist Jose Ingenieros published La simulacion de la locura (The Simulation of Madness), a work of criminal psychiatry based on the author's observations of inmates in aBuenosAires penitentiary. The book was a catalogue of the variety of forms simulated madness could take, as well as a treatise of neo-Lamarckian sociology. Its basic premise was a simple one: that sane people sometimes simulated madness as part of the evolutionary "struggle for life." The task of criminological expertise was to distinguish such simulators from the truly mad. The book was an immediate sensation, winning the National Academy of Medicine prize and going through eight editions by 1918 as well as getting translated into several languages, including Italian andRussian. Soon after its publication, Ingenieros was appointed director of the Observation Room of the Buenos Aires police prefect, where he remained until 1913. Aside from its theoretical claims to extend evolutionary sociology into criminology, the book seems, at first glance, to be structured as a guide for medical-legal experts in determining the responsibility of defendants. Its chapters are devoted not only to cataloguing cases but also to various physiological and psychological techniques for making a differential diagnosis between truemadness and its simulation. But the sheer size andwidespread popularity of the work are somewhat perplexing.Whywould somanyreaders have been interested in this catalogue of the varieties of ways thatmadness was linked to simulation? The chapter headings provide little clue to its appeal: for example, "Over-simulation and Dissimulation by the Truly Mad," "Juridical Conditions of Simulation of Madness by Delinquents,"


Summary.
 The first records of Sharp-tailed Sandpiper Calidris acuminata for Mozambique and continental Africa (1–2 adults, 4 February–16 April 2018), and additional records of Pectoral Sandpiper C. melanotos in Mozambique (1–2 birds, 20 February–31 March 2018) are reported, all at Macaneta, Maputo province. Identification features of these two species attaining breeding plumage are detailed and patterns of occurrence in Africa are discussed.


Dornan and colleagues from Manchester, UK, evaluated an electronic continuing professional development portfolio. There was considerable initial interest but much lower subsequent uptake and use, despite which many people asked to continue their subscription or receive further training. Users both liked and disliked the portfolio, and their views were often coupled with statements about individual learning style. Adoption was hindered by time pressures and lack of computer access, literacy and support. Reflective learning using an electronic portfolio is a very individual matter. It is well accepted by a minority of people and will probably grow in popularity with better information literacy and technical support.


The studied areas are located in the district of Lakitelek, Tiszaalpár and Bokros. 2 Amphipodaand 1 Asellota species were found at the study areas of five biocenoses in the Summer aspect of 1983 and 1984: Synurella ambulans FR. MÜLLER, Niphargus mediodanubialis DUDICH; Asellus aquaticus (L.) RACOV. All three species occur together and rather frequently in Hungary. The N. mediodanubialis is somewhat rarer than the other two. In differing ratio according to species, polyphagy icharacteristic of all three species. At the same time, they are also significant as the aliment of orgas nisms of higher order. Introduction The systematic exploration of the Crustacea-fauna at Tőserdő and its environs has not been accomplished as yet. Therefore, it is of basic significance to study the Crustaceaand within this the Amphipodaand Isopoda-fauna. The significance of these studies is even greater due to the followings: a large part of the studied area is joint to the unit of the Kiskunság National Park called Tőserdő; the species of the two orders have important role in the decomposing processes of organic matters both in the water and overland (self-cleaning of waters, humification); the representatives of both orders simultaneously form the important nutriment-base for certain aquatic (e.g. fish, newts, insect larvae.,.) and terrestrial (e.g. frogs, spiders...) animal groups, resp. The present study is the first part of a projected research series dealing with the Amphipodaand Isopoda-fauna of the Tisza and its environs, the fauna's ecologic, population-biological and trophobiological relations. At the studied area — similarly to other areas of the Lowland — relatively low individualand species-number is characteristic to the Amphipodaand aquatic Isopoda(Asellota-) fauna, particularly in relation to the Entomostraca-orders. The site • The studied area is found in the district of the villages Lakitelek, Tiszaalpár (County Bács-Kiskun) and Bokros (County Csongrád). The collecting sites were: 1. D;ad-Tisza at Lakitelek, 2. Lake Sulymos, 3. Dead-Tisza at Alpár, 4. Dead-Tisza at Bokros, 5. Spring at Tőserdő (Fig. 1.: the numbers appearing on the map correspond to the serial numbers given here). The collecting sites Nrs. 1., 2. and 5. belong to the


Drug abuse and drug-driving have posed serious threats to the public security. For the urgent need to rapidly on-site screen drug evidence and drug abusers, we developed a novel, sensitive and smartphone-based drug detection device. The core component of this device was a time-resolved
 fluorescent immunoassay (TRFIA) methamphetamine test strip. A custom APP with embedded algorithm was designed to streamline the detection process and analyze the fluorescence information. This device could reach a detection limit of 3.34 × 10– 9mol/L and a linear range
 from 3.91 ×10–9mol/L to 1 ×10–6mol/L. It had an excellent stability (CV =2.35%) and a favourable specificity. A single test took no more than 10 minutes. The whole device was integrated and compact. It was feasible to use this device to test methamphetamine
 abusers through hair. This device provided an effective method for roadside drug testing and clinical diagnosis, and could give helpful assistance to law enforcement officers.


The polaron energy and the effective mass are calculated for an electron confined in an asymmetrical finite quantum well constructed of Alx lGa1–xAs/GaAs/Alx rGa1–x rAs layers. To simplify the study we suggest a model in which parameters of a medium are averaged over the ground‐state wave function. Our model reproduces the correct three‐dimensional asymptotics at both small and large widths. We obtained a rather monotonous behavior of the polaron energy as a function of the confining potential width and found a peak of the effective mass. A comparison with theoretical results by other authors is made.


This paper addresses the issue of Time-Varying Parameter (TVP) estimation, a technique recently introduced in the field of macroeconometrics, and especially in FAVAR (Factor-Augmented Vector Auto-Regression) modeling. FAVAR is here extended to Vector Error Correction (VEC) methodology to yield a new and enriched model denominated FAVEC. Different from classic VAR/VEC models where Time-Fixed Parameter (TFP) estimation dominates over the entire sample and may be conducive to the "Lucas Critique†, TVP models produce changing parameters that can be used by the analyst to infer the dynamics underlying the data process, such as structural breaks, changes in covariances and in parameter significance, and so on. This advantage, however, comes at a high cost represented by burdensome program coding and by the CPU-machine time required to produce multi-draw Gibbs sampling to enable Bayesian parameter estimation. Sizable costs, among others, may also ensue from the construction of impulse responses and variance decompositions for the purpose of policy evaluation. In- and out-sample forecasting applied to competing TFP and TVP models of the US economy and monetary policy during the years 1959-2006, using quarterly observations, produces very interesting results that definitely favor the TVP-FAVEC model representation.


In this work we show an model of the universe in which certain quadratic correction is considered. Our results indicate that the R2 term can act as the present impetus of cosmic acceleration, but there may be a future collapsing universe with this component damped. This model can also tolerate a negative cosmological constant ʌ, although there seems to be no need for a non-vanishing one. In our simplification, this curvature component has a stationary equation of state, which is similar to radiation. Unlike other dark energy models, this "missing" energy has a negative density. Some details and effects on cold dark matter and Λ-relevant model have been discussed in the frame of curvature-squared gravity theories.


The results of long-term monitoring of activity caesium's radionuclide in an organism of inhabitants of the most polluted areas of Bryansk and Kaluga region are presented in this article. The average saved up effective doses of an internal irradiation of all body from 1986-1994 in the investigated areas are rather insignificant and make, accordingly, 9.90, 7.40 and 9.60 mSv for inhabitants of Gordeevsky, Novozybkovsky/Zlynkovsky, Krasnogorsky areas of Bryansk region and 1.50, 1.53 and 1.84 mSv for inhabitants of Zhizdrinsky, Ulyanovsky and Hvastovichsky areas of the Kaluga region. At rather low averages or median doses the population even within one settlement, has groups of persons with much higher individual dose. They form groups of the raised radiating risk and it is necessary to pay attention to them first of all at carrying out of treatment-and-prophylactic, protective and rehabilitation actions. This result should be considered not only at the analysis of consequences of failure on the Chernobyl atomic power station, but also by preparation of plans of measures on prevention of consequences of possible large-scale radiating incidents in the future.


The present paper expounds the origins to the settlement of lime piles occurring when they are used in the deep and thick soft ground base by means of comparing the theoretical calculation with the actual measurements. It points out that not only checking the computations of the load bearing is necessary, but calculation of the settlement is also very important.


This study was carried out for investigate the effect of reflective material during harvest season. 'Mihwang', 'Soohwang' and 'Kanoiwa Hakuto' cultivars were treated with the porous reflective film and the aluminium reflective film for 15 days and 30 days before harvest. In both groups, the total soluble solids increased with reflective film treated time, but there was no significant difference between the two groups. On the other hand, when processed for more than 15 days, the quality of peaches shows a tendency to deteriorate because of the excessive coloration of fruits. Overall, it is considered that the treatment time of the reflective film should be within 15 days.


She kept herself rather to herself and was not as … free and easy as Pasternak. It was a complete contrast.1 The person remembering, and comparing, here is Lev Gornung, who knew both Pasternak and Akhmatova (as individuals) and who produced some remarkable photographic portraits that bear witness to an unquestionable talent for observation. Gornung's recollections and comparison date to a time when neither Pasternak nor Akhmatova was still with us—they had gone where "the mysterious staircase ascends" [the last line of Akhmatova's poem "Listening to Singing" (Slushaia penie)—Trans.], to a place where comparisons are no longer of this earth. Gornung attested not only to a difference but to a complete contrast.


Goodsteins function Ģ:N → N is an example of a fast growing recursive function. Introduced in 1944 by R. L. Goodstein [9], Kirby and Paris [12] showed in 1982, using model theoretic techniques, that Goodsteins result that Ģ is total, i.e., that Ģ(n) is defined for all n Є N, is not a theorem of first order Peano Arithmetic. We compute Goodsteins function in terms of the Lob-Wainer fast growing hierarchy of functions; from this and standard proof theoretic results about this hierarchy, the Kirby-Paris result follows immediately. We also compute the functions of the Hardy hierarchy in terms of the Lob-Wainer functions, which allows us to provide a new proof of a similar result, due to Cichon [2].


A Thesis
Submitted to the University of Gezira in Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Award of the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy,in Community Health Primary Health Care & Health Education Center,Faculty of Medicine,August, 2018


The optical signal processing is the future of communication network. High speed all-optical packet routing is one of the essential applications of all-optical networks which is only possible with the development of all-optical logic technology. The development of optical logic elements and circuits are the steps in the growth of this technology and higher speed up to Tbit/sec can be achieved. The optical carrier frequency range 1013 to 1016 Hz provides enormous potential bandwidth with superior information carrying capacity over a long transmission distance. The need of higher capacity is continuing to encourage research in wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) and optical time division multiplexing (OTDM) based transmission systems, which need optical demultiplexing and wavelength conversion technology. Therefore, for high-speed optical networks, it is required to develop the all-optical gates to avoid power consumption in opto-electronics conversion. All optical logic gates perform computing operations, storage and transmission of data using light also known as optical computing. Optical technology promises massive upgrades in the efficiency and speed of computers, aswell as significant shrinkage in their size and cost. The non-linear optical device to be used i.e. Semiconductor Optical Amplifier (SOA) has proved to be the promising for all optical functions like wavelength conversion, logic functions, signal representation in all optical domain. Its compact size, high gain, fast response, strong refractive index variation, easy to manufacture and integration, and power efficiency makes it most optimum device for optical signal processing. In this paper, the application of SOA in optical processing is thoroughly reviewed and orient towards the latest application in neural networks.


The invention relates to a medical instrument, and particularly relates to a multifunctional nervous system electrical stimulator for treating a words swallowing disease. The electrical stimulator comprises a power supply management unit, a microprocessor and a touch screen unit, and is characterized in that the electrical stimulator also comprises an electrical treatment unit, a magnetic treatment unit, a music treatment unit and a feedback signal unit, which are connected with the microprocessor. The electrical treatment unit comprises an electrical treatment singlechip, a signal generator, a signal processing circuit, a modulation module, a constant-current source module and a stimulating electrode; the magnetic treatment unit comprises a magnetic treatment signalchip, a magnetic field generator and a magnetic therapy pole; the magnetic field generator is composed of a plurality of copper coils; and a magnetic silicon steel piece is arranged in the middle of each copper coil. According to the electrical stimulator provided by the invention, a special current is adopted to stimulate a human body, a current threshold is detected according to a feedback signal, treatment methods such as an electricity treatment method and a magnetic treatment method are automatically selected, a special modulation current technology is adopted, a treatment threshold and a pain threshold are effectively separated and advantages of excellent organism adaptability, adjustability and treatment effect are provided.


There is evidence that all plants coexist with endophytes, indicating a fundamental role that is unknown. The objective was to evaluate the biotechnological potential of endophytes from Passiflora edulis f. edulis in two aspects: as a plant growth promoter and as a control for the pathogen Fusarium oxysporum . An in vitro phase was used in which the antifungal activity in a dual culture was studied, where the UNE075 and UNE004 fungi inhibited the radial growth of the pathogen by up to 67.63 % and 63.89 %, respectively. Additionally, higher inhibition percentages were seen with UNE075 (33.78 %) and


The forming process of PVC product,the structure and mechanism of equipment are discussed. A vacuum absorber,which suits for forming of PVC material on an adumbral panel,is designed and put into operation.


Measures dealing with several technical problems often occurred during construction of cast-in-situ concrete piles are expounded based on the construction practice of some projects.


A specific analytical solution for flow through a horizontal crack of finite length drained by a series of vertical drains is presented. The solution is used to derive diagrams of uplift pressure on the base of a dam and to demonstrate the influence of drains on the distribution and magnitude of uplift forces. Our solution shows that there should be an almost linear drop in hydraulic head from the entrance to the crack at the heel of the dam to the line of drains, followed by a slight rise in head to the end of the crack. This is consistent with a previously suggested solution for porous media. The results show that drain holes are effective in substantially reducing uplift pressures in a crack and have the greatest influence when located between approximately one half and one fifth of the length of the crack from its upstream end.


AR: What do you see as the primary challenges with helping students at two-year colleges to learn statistics? I suspect that most of the challenges are the same ones that are faced by teachers at four-year colleges and in high schools and everywhere else. Feel free to comment on them, but I also ask that you mention challenges that might be unique, or perhaps heightened, for students at two-year colleges.


There is an obvious gap between the eastern and western higher education currently.Through comparing the number,size and overall strength,the implementation of education funding,teacher's situation of eastern and western higher education of China,this article analyzed the reasons for the imbalance and expected it could provide some suggestions for the Chinese western region on how to reduce the gap.


ABSTRACT Historic Japanese textiles from over 1000 years ago generally show marked deterioration and only very rare examples show their original forms and much information about textile reproduction has been lost. The replication of textile braids lacks systematic methodology and is still being practiced by only few individual braiding experts. The recreation of original braids as close as possible to original braids is a part of Japan's intangible cultural heritage. The aim of this study is to clarify the decision-making procedure through which the braiding experts can decipher the original braiding structures. As a preliminary study of this project, interviews of a braid researcher and a replicating expert, Makiko Tada were performed regarding her working practices. It is important to clarify the braiding parameters for structural analysis such as the number of transits and the balance of ridges, and it became clear that the orientation of multiple colored threads plays an important role. The expert's replicate works were also analyzed using a text-mining statistical technique to clarify the relationship of braiding parameters. The relationship between each braiding parameter and production method such as loop manipulation and Taka-dai became clear. As a result, the process of deciphering the original braid structure has been compiled in simplified workflows, which could contribute to the standardization and improvement in efficiency of replication of cultural property braids.


Background We describe the pattern and incidence of SMNs with 10 additional years of follow-up of an international cohort ( Bhatia, N Engl J Med, 1996; Bhatia, J Clin Oncol, 2003 ) of children with HL diagnosed between 1955 and 1986 at age 16 y or younger.

Methods Medical record review was used to identify SMNs, define vital status and describe therapeutic exposures. Pathology reports served to validate SMNs. Cumulative incidence (CI) utilized competing risk methods. Standardized incidence ratio (SIR) and absolute excess risk (AER/10,000 p-y) utilized age-, gender- and year-matched rates in the general population. Cox regression techniques (using calendar time as time scale) identified predictors of SMN risk.

Results The cohort included 1023 patients diagnosed with HL at a median age of 11 y, and followed for a median of 26.8 y (IQR, 16.4-33.7). Eighty-nine percent had received radiation, either alone (22%), or in combination with chemotherapy (67%). Alkylating agent (AA) score was defined as follows: 1 AA for 6 m = AA score of 1; 2 AA for 6 m or 1 AA for 12 m = AA score of 2, etc. The AA score was 1-2 for 54% and 3+ for 16%; 30% did not receive AA. A total of 188 solid SMNs developed in 139 patients (breast [54], thyroid [24], lung [11], colorectal [11], bone [8], other malignancies [80]. Table summarizes SIR (95%CI), CI, and AER by attained age. The cohort was at an 11.1-fold increased risk of developing solid SMNs (excluding non-melanoma skin cancers) compared with the general population (95% CI, 9.4-13.0). CI of solid SMNs was 25.2% at 40 y from HL diagnosis ( Fig 1 ). Among patients aged ≥40 y, 79% of total AER was attributable to breast, thyroid, colorectal and lung SMNs ( Table ). Thirty-seven patients developed >1 solid SMN; the cumulative incidence of the 2nd SMN was 19.6% at 10 years from diagnosis of the 1st SMN. Breast Cancer: Females (n=41) had a 20.9-fold increased risk, and males (n=3) a 45.8-fold increased risk c/w general population. Age at HL of 10-16 y vs. <10 y (RR=9.7, 95%CI, 2.3-40.6, p=0.002), and exposure to chest radiation (RR=5.9, 95%CI, 1.4-25.9) were associated with increased risk. Among females aged 10-16 y at chest radiation, cumulative incidence was 24.3% by age 45 y, as opposed to 2.6% for those <10 y, p=0.001 ( Fig 2 ). Exposure to AA was associated with a lower risk (RR=0.4, p=0.002). Diagnosis of HL after 1975 was associated with decreased risk (RR=0.25, 95%CI 0.12-0.53), explained, in part by the increasing use of AA after 1975 (78%) vs. before 1975 (61%). By age 40 y, the risk of breast cancer among females exposed to chest radiation at age 10-16 y (18.2%) was comparable to the risk for BRCA1 mutation carriers (15%-20% by age 40 y; Chen, J Clin Oncol, 2007 ). Lung cancer: Ten of 11 lung cancer cases were diagnosed in males (males: SIR=24.7; females: SIR=3.2, p=0.05); all had received neck/chest radiation. The CI of lung cancer among males was 3.8% by age 50 y, comparable to the risk among male smokers (2% by age 50 y, Bilello, Clinics Chest Med, 2002 ). Colorectal cancer: There was a 11.5-fold increased risk c/w general population. The CI among those with abdominal/pelvic radiation was 4.1% by age 50 y ; this risk is higher than that observed in individuals with ≥2 first degree relatives affected with colorectal cancer (1.2% by age 50 y, Butterworth, Eur J Cancer, 2006 ). Thyroid cancer: Survivors had a 22.2-fold increased risk; all developed within radiation field. Females (RR=4.3, 95%CI 1.8-10.4) were at increased risk.

View this table:

Conclusion In this cohort of HL survivors with 20,344 p-y of follow-up, the greatest excess risk of SMNs among those > 40 y was attributable to breast, thyroid, colorectal and lung SMNs. Observed risks for the most common SMNs were comparable to or greater than known high-risk groups within the general population.

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Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.

 [1]: pending:yes


Which is composed of the load member and the soft material is a high specific gravity substance, the weight for weight to be attached to the load member in the grip end command bottom of the distribution can hitting tool in the internal weighting element and an external weighting factors, it used, the more the gripper barycenter, and a grip end bottom weighted structure where the node of vibration is moved to grip a fulcrum on the grip. Load material in a mounted state are spaced apart by interposing a soft material region between the grip end constituting material. Weighting for weight is flexible at least a simple mounting and balance adjustment, never detached during play. Then, the until just prior to impact thereby improving the operability of the swing or stroke by headlights (grip heavy), to increase the moment of inertia around the centroid at the moment of impact, and, suppressing or absorbing an impact vibration by the impact (attenuation) to.


Abstract Objectives: To examine whether elimination of fatal diseases will increase healthcare costs. Design: Mortality data from vital statistics combined with healthcare spending in a cause elimination life table. Costs were allocated to specific diseases through the various healthcare registers. Setting and subjects: The population of the Netherlands, 1988. Main outcome measures: Healthcare costs of a synthetic life table cohort, expressed as life time expected costs. Results: The life time expected healthcare costs for 1988 in the Netherlands were £56 600 for men and £80 900 for women. Elimination of fatal diseases—such as coronary heart disease, cancer, or chronic obstructive lung disease—increases health- care costs. Major savings will be achieved only by elimination of non-fatal disease—such as musculoskeletal diseases and mental disorders. Conclusion: The aim of prevention is to spare people from avoidable misery and death not to save money on the healthcare system. In countries with low mortality, elimination of fatal diseases by successful prevention increases healthcare spending because of the medical expenses during added life years. Key messages In countries with low mortality prevention of fatal diseases adds life years predominantly to old age, when disabling conditions are prevalent If fatal diseases are eliminated, the medical costs of life extension at old age will generally be higher than the costs prevented. Prevention of disabling conditions, particularly mental disorders and musculoskeletal conditions, might both lower healthcare costs and improve public health The aim of prevention is to save people from preventable morbidity and mortality not to save money For the time being, prevention of disability should have the highest priority for future research


A separator having a fine porous structure and including a polyolefin thermoplastic resin and a block copolymer as constituent materials is provided. The block copolymer including a monomer unit derived from a polyolefin resin and a monomer unit derived from a polymer component, The polyolefin resin has a melting point lower than that of the polyolefin thermoplastic resin, the polymer component being incompatible with polyolefin.


By the transmetallation of ppyHgCl [ppy = 2-(2'-pyridyl)phenyl] (1) with SnCl4 and SbCl3, the synthesis of the monoorgano main group halides, [ppySnCl(3)(H2O)]center dot 2(0.5diox) (diox = 1,4-dioxane) [2(H2O)]center dot 2(0.5diox) and [ppySbCl(2)] (3) was achieved. The reaction of 1 with BiCl3 does not give the analogous monoorganobismuth dichloride. Instead, it results in the formation of [(ppy)(2)Bi](+)center dot[ppyBiCl(3)](-) (4). Reactions of (ppy)(2)Te and (ppyTe)(2) with SO2Cl2 and Br-2 result in the formation of ppyTeCl (5) and ppyTeBr (6) respectively. All the synthesized compounds were characterized by multi-nuclear NMR spectroscopy (H-1, C-13, Sn-119, and Te-125), FT-IR spectroscopy, ESI-MS, CHN analysis, and single-crystal X-ray diffraction studies. The molecular structures of 2-6 reveal strong intramolecular coordination of the N-atoms of the pendant arms with the main group element centers. DFT calculations; including Natural Bond Order (NBO), Electron Localization Function (ELF), Electrostatic Surface Potential (ESP) and Atoms in Molecules (AIM) infer that the stability of 2-6 relies on the sigma-hole participation of the element center with the N-lone pair of the pyridyl arm.


Reported here is a study investigating whether the social character and demographic profiles of purchasers of new automobiles differ among four prestige categories of automobiles. Using dummy-variable multiple-discriminant-function analysis, the authors assessed the predictive power of variables, and found that segmentation by prestige group effectively discriminates among car buyers.


A (0, 2)-geometry is a geometry in which for any non-incident point-line pair (x, L) there are exactly 0 or 2 lines incident with x and concurrent with L. In this paper we use the special properties of a (0, 2)-geometry to define groups of projectivities and Moufang-like conditions, in a similar way as is done for generalized polygons. These definitions are explored and some partial classification results obtained. 2000 Mathematics Subject Classification: 51E14, 51E26,


Background: The presence of weeds in cowpea reduced the yield to the tune of 60-82% depending on the weed flora and density. The critical period of weed competition in cowpea was 20-25 DAS. Therefore it is essential to control weeds effectively to harness the maximum yield potential of the crop. To manage weeds in cowpea it is also important to determine the efficacy of pre and post-emergence herbicides. Sequential application of herbicides in a short duration crop not only increases the cost of production but also create cumbersome in its application. Therefore ready mix herbicides are now becoming popular among farming community. These new ready mix herbicides need to be tested for its bio-efficacy to manage weeds and its effect on crop productivity and symbiotic characters of cowpea. Therefore, a field experiment was carried out to evaluate the impact of herbicides on the productivity and profitability of summer cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L.) at Agronomy Main Research Farm, Odisha University of Agriculture and Technology, Bhubaneswar, Odisha (India) during summer season. Methods: The experiment was laid out at Agronomy Main Research Farm, Odisha University of Agriculture and Technology, Bhubaneswar, Odisha (India) during the summer season of 2021 and2022 in a randomized block design (RBD) comprised of eight treatment with three replications. Standard procedures were followed for the observations and statistical analysis of the data. Result: The experimental results revealed that ready mix of pendimethalin+imazethapyr-750 g/ha significantly control the mixed flora of weeds which resulted significant increase in growth and yield. Ready mix application of pendimethalin + imazethapyr 750 g/ha registered the highest benefit to cost ratio.


In this paper, we derive an explicit formula for the voltage-to-voltage transfer function of multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) wireless channels. A statistical model, the random coupling model, is used to develop the open-circuit transfer function of the MIMO channel on a physical basis. The emulation of realistic wireless channels is typically performed through irregular cavities with high losses. In this case, we find that the transfer function takes a simple form involving the free-space impedance matrix of antennas and a fluctuation matrix expressing the wave chaos inside the environment. Monte Carlo simulations of the open-circuit transfer function are performed for MIMO systems up to three antennas in the transmit and receive arrays. In contrast to the common assumption that the MIMO channel fulfill multivariate normality (MVN), the Hans-Zinckler test of the obtained ensembles of the MIMO channel show that the MVN assumption of the MIMO channel tends to be invalid with an increasing number of antennas in the transmitting and receiving arrays, when mutual coupling is present in the arrays. Numerical results indicate that this effect is more pronounced at relatively low frequencies.


The alteration of the glioblastoma genome by epigenetic mechanisms that share functions with normal developmental processes, such as self-renewal and fate specification of neural stem cells (NSC), is a key piece of evidence that links brain cancer pathogenesis with dysregulated stem cell functions. A patient-specific comparison of glioblastoma cells with NSC, a putative cell of origin of at least a proportion of these tumours, is not feasible as patient-matched endogenous NSC are not surgically accessible and all epigenetic studies in glioblastoma have so far compared epigenetic changes of different tumours with each other or to comparators obtained from foetal brains or an unrelated donor. We reasoned that availability of matched GIC and NSC pairs would allow to identify crucial epigenetic differences on a patient-specific basis and would provide essential therapeutic contrast to define disease-and patient-intrinsic biomarkers of drug response that are less confounded by germline variation.

 We have harnessed state-of-the-art stem cell technologies and next-generation sequencing methods to compare the epigenetic and transcriptional profile of IDH-wildtype glioblastoma with that of patient-matched normal expanded potential stem cell-derived NSC (iNSC).

 We demonstrate that integrated analysis of the transcriptome and DNA methylome of GIC/iNSC pairs identifies druggable target genes (PTGER4, ALDH3B1, NTRK2 and others) in a proportion of patients and we validate this patient-specific prediction of drug response at pre-clinical level in 3D synGLICO and in in vivo models.

 We provide proof of principle that the SYNGN platform can identify patient-specific druggable targets in glioblastoma.


The dc characteristics of AlGaN/GaN high electron mobility transistors (HEMTs) were measured before and after irradiation with 2 MeV Ge+ ions at doses from 5 × 1010 to 5 × 1012 cm−2. The drain current, gate leakage current, and transconductance decreased monotonically with dose, while the drain-source resistance increased to a much greater extent than observed previously for proton irradiation of similar devices. The data are consistent with a strong decrease in electron concentration in the HEMT channel. During off-state electrical stressing of AlGaN/GaN HEMTs, the typical critical voltage for unirradiated devices was ∼13 V. By sharp contrast, no critical voltage was detected for proton irradiated HEMTs up to 35 V, indicating that the Ge irradiation had a strong influence on the electric field distribution near the gate electrode.


Knowledge management is a new issue that libraries are confronted with in the knowledge economy times.This article discusses the relationship between documentation management and knowledge management,analyzes the reasons for the transition from documentation management to knowledge management and how to implement knowledge management.


The northern limit of distribution of Glossy Black Cockatoos Calyptorhynchus lathani is considered to be about the Tropic of Capricorn at Shoalwater Bay (Storr, 19732 56) although the range extends 'probably to the Mackay district' (loc. cit.). This note documents a nesting record of this species at about 21 degrees 10'N in Eungella National Park.


A new low-cost composite of ZnCoxFe2−xO4 loaded on rice hull carbon (ZnCoxFe2−xO4-RHC) was synthesized via waste ferrous sulfate (the industrial waste produced in the process of producing titanium dioxide) and rice hull as raw materials, which was applied for the degradation of bisphenol A (BPA) by heterogeneous activated peroxodisulfate (PS). A series of characterizations including XRD, SEM, FTIR, and BET analysis were carried out to analyze the structure and morphology of the materials. It is confirmed that the ZnCoxFe2−xO4-RHC composites show better catalytic activity and performance than other control samples, which can be attributed to the synergistic effect of Fe and Co, ZnCoxFe2−xO4 and RHC based on these analyses. The degradation rate of BPA by ZnCo1.3Fe0.7O4-50%RHC reached 100% within 15 min, and it can still maintain good catalytic efficiency after 5 cycles. ESR test and XPS results showed that free radical and non-free radical processes were involved in BPA degradation. These findings offer a novel, low cost and simple strategy for rational design and modulation of catalysts for the industrial degradation of organic pollutants, and provide a new idea for the utilization of waste ferrous sulphate in titanium dioxide industry.


The years that followed post World War 1, proved to be a difficult time for the renovation of the Albanian population. A few radicalized Albanian patriots, with varying views on politics went as far as to hold meetings in the Congress with the common cause of improving the state of the country. These delegates were chosen from all different parts of the country and served as representatives of those parts. They were representing the country as well as its sovereignty. Of all these organizations, one in particular stood out. The Congress of Lushnja (28-31 January 1920) was the one to put best practice methods into place with regards to rebuilding Albania. As of this moment, the process of institutional and legislative europeanization in the country begins. DOI: 10.5901/jesr.2014.v4n4p449


In this paper, we investigate dynamic traffic optimization in railway systems, i.e., the behavior of these systems through time when their movements are dictated by solutions to optimization models with finite horizons. As interactions between trains are not considered beyond the limits of finite horizons, the danger of leading the system into a deadlock arises. In this paper we present new procedures to establish finite prediction horizons that are formally guaranteed to operate the system in a way that is compatible with the physical constraints of the network while avoiding deadlocking and minimizing computations. The key to this result is the notion of recursive feasibility. This paper introduces conditions sufficient to attain it. We then discuss several important ramifications of recursive feasibility that enable efficient computations. We examine the possibility of decomposing the underlying optimization models into smaller models with shorter horizons, or into models that only consider subsets of all trains. We also discuss warm starting and anytime approaches. We finally perform numerical experiments verifying these results on models that include a real-world railway system used for freight transport. On harder instances, some of our approaches outperform solving the same models as monolithic MILPs by more than two order of magnitude in terms of median computation times, while also achieving better worst–case optimality gaps.


Historical records show that the frost disasters have the characteristics of high frequency, wide influence and distinct regional discrepancy in Guangzhou during 1400-1950. The frost history can be divided into four periods, 1506–1549, 1615–1788, 1811–1898 and 1915-1936. The former three periods belong to the range of Little Ice Age. The occurrence spatial distribution of the first and the second freeze-up had the trend from north to south, east to west, displaying the increase process of Little Ice Age. While the transference of third freeze-up is from south to north, west to east, showing the decrease process. The influence of the former three freeze-ups got larger little by little, while the fourth became faintness. The former three freeze-ups displayed three cold undulations in the Little Ice Age, and they were affected by the cycle of sun activities.


We establish a theory of complexes of relative correspondences. The theory generalizes the known theory of complexes of correspondences of smooth projective varieties. It will be applied in the sequel of this paper to the construction of the triangulated category of motives over a base variety.


The article deals with the problem of computer technology application at the translator training classes at language faculties of the universities. Its application allows for optimization of foreign language teaching, increase in motivation of students, efficiency of students autonomous work, diversification in forms and types of activities at practical classes


Large scale high-strength concrete columns were tested under simulated seismic loading. The columns had either a square or a circular cross-section with 104 MPa or 90 MPa concretes, respectively. The test parameters considered included the volumetric ratio, grade and arrangement of transverse reinforcement. The columns were subjected to constant axial compression and incrementally increasing lateral deformation reversals. The results are presented in the form moment-displacement hysteretic relationships and indicate that high-strength concrete columns can be confined to possess inelastic deformabilities usually expected of normal-strength concrete columns. However, high-strength concrete columns do require higher lateral pressure, provided either by increased volumetric ratio or higher grade of transverse reinforcement. The effectiveness of high-strength transverse reinforcement depends on the efficiency of confinement reinforcement and the level of axial compression. Circular columns and square columns with closely spaced transverse and longitudinal reinforcement show superior performance when high-strength steel is used to confine concrete. The use of higher grade transverse steel in these columns permit a reduction in the volumetric ratio, without reducing column deformability.


A kind of medical visualization platform includes base unit, which includes base unit bindiny mechanism, processor, electric contact piece, communication module and power supply.Multiple visualization attachmentes are connected to base unit, and each visualization attachment is discardable and includes visualization bindiny mechanism, which is arranged to engaged with base unit bindiny mechanism to provide movement of the visualization attachment of connection relative to base unit between folding position and bonding station.Each visualization attachment further includes the accessory contact part being electrically connected with the electric contact piece of base unit when visualizing attachment and being in bonding station, and each visualization attachment includes video camera or light source.


The addition of nanosilica (NS) particles as secondary reinforcement in the matrix of carbon/epoxy composites is known to improve certain matrix-dominated properties. The current investigation characterizes and models the effects of carbon fiber, NS, and void contents on the full set of lamina-level properties of filament wound compound sites. The properties of interest include the orthotropic elastic properties, strengths, and coefficients of thermal expansion. Multiscale modeling of the lamina properties is validated by comparing predicted and measured properties of multidirectionally reinforced filament wound carbon/epoxy tubes with and without NS. A parametric study is conducted to illustrate the effects of variable fiber and NS contents on the lamina-level thermoelastic and strength properties of filament wound carbon/epoxy composites. Inclusion of NS in the matrix is shown to significantly increase the longitudinal and transverse compressive strengths of the carbon/epoxy material.


MCNP6 has the capability to compute sensitivity coefficients for k from scattering distributions as a function of scattering cosine. A new capability has been prototyped, and will hopefully available in a future release, that takes those results and converts them into sensitivities for Legendre scattering moments, which is discussed. Results are shown for a variety of criticality benchmarks for elastic scattering, and it appears that the P1 elastic scattering Legendre moment (i.e., average scattering cosine μ̄) may indeed have a significant effect in fast, bare and reflected systems with significant leakage. The results also show that higher elastic moments and all inelastic moments are typically not important to criticality.


Aims and objectives: Evisceration of the abdominal parts following traumatic injury with high velocity impact is a rare entity. We are reporting five cases of high velocity injury with different findings. Our objectives are to present the potential clinical impact of injury and requirement of early management. Materials and Methods: The present study was conducted in the Department of Surgery at Maharishi Markandeshwar Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, Maharishi Markandeshwar University, Mullana, from March 2010 to March 2013. A total of 150 cases were admitted, diagnosed with blunt and penetrating abdominal wall injury. We are presenting five cases diagnosed as eviscerated abdominal injury. Ultrasonography (USG) and computed tomography was done which helped us in their management. Results: A total of five cases were admitted with evisceration of the abdominal parts. One case presented with a rare finding as the stomach and intestine were lying outside and on surgery, multiple perforations of the small intestine were seen. Ultrasonography and computed tomography (CT) helped in the management of the patient. Conclusion: High velocity impact due to road side accidents can lead to severe abdominal organ injury or evisceration of the abdominal parts. It can cause morbidity and mortality, if not treated on time. USG and CT scans are the important diagnostic tools for diagnosing and preventing further complications. We came out with better prognosis as cases were operated on time. We treated the patients successfully without any mortality.


Mao Zedong is a great Marxist of one generation and the son of Chinese people.He insisted on the materialism that it is the people that create the history,putting forward the statements that the people are the base of victory,the master of the society,the impregnable fortress;the cadres of the Party are the servants serving the people heart and soul,which has formed people-first thought of Mao Zedong,organically constructing the main content of Maoism.This paper focuses on the origin and development of people-first thought of Mao Zedong.


Purpose: The objective of this study is to assess the effect of GDF-5 on cartilage homeostasis. GDF-5 is a susceptibility gene for OA and member of the BMP super family. Studies have shown that it can increase expression of anabolic factors in chondrocytes. Therefore, our study indentifies how GDF-5 influences this metabolism and the global homeostasis of chondrocytes, aiming mainly towards Aggrecan. Methods : Osteoarthritic (OA) chondrocytes from canine and human models were exposed to GDF-5. Protein expressions, along with mRNA expression were assessed in order to investigate Aggrecan production and the ratio of Col-II/Col-I, for the anabolic phenotype markers. The aggrecanases ADAMTS-4 and ADAMTS-5 and their global activity were assed for the catabolic factors. The NITEGE and CTX-II epitope were also measured in synovial fluid of Pond-Nuki dogs that received intraarticular GDF-5 injections. Results : GDF-5 increases chondrocyte cellular activity, in our canine and human models. Both mRNA and protein expression of the chondrocytes Aggrecan were increased and the aggrecanases expression and activity were decreased. Collagen ratio did not show a phenotype, except et high dosage where the Col-I production is induced. Aggrecanase activity was lowered while CTX-II was increased. Conclusion : In conclusion, the anabolic cellular activity of OA chondrocytes increases while the catabolic factors decrease in presence of GDF-5. This double action illustrates the global effect of GDF-5, identifying it as a potential disease modifying factor of OA that should be further investigated.


With the advent of digital technology in the hearing aid industry, there has been a rapid introduction of new capabilities in amplification. These improvements have been based on intriguing design goals, with the expectations of increased user benefit. However, in many cases, these technical improvements have been introduced at such an accelerated rate that the corresponding confirmation of true clinical benefit has not kept pace. The introduction of programmable analogue circuitry in the early 1990s and then digital platforms in the late 1990s allowed for widespread use of multi-channel, wide dynamic range compression (WDRC) as a solution for sensorineural hearing loss. The use of programmable WDRC circuitry has been demonstrated as offering the patient more benefit than can be achieved via the use of high quality linear amplification (Goedegebure et al., 2001; Kam & Wong, 1999; Kochkin, 2002; Verschuure, Prinsen & Dreschler, 1994). However, over the past couple of years, advanced second generation digital technology has offered improved feature sets that have introduced new potential advantages beyond the core advantages of WDRC circuitry. Specifically, the Adapto product line has taken the core advantages of WDRC circuitry and added three important improvements: VoiceFinderTM speech processing, OpenEar AcousticsTM, and Client-Focused Fitting (Schum & Pogash, 2001; 2002). The goal of the current study was to examine the patient benefit provided by these improvements compared to two well established alternatives: Linear and WDRC.


The biomass of available forage is a key factor in controlling the abundance and distribution of surface tropical tunas, as they have high energy demands and live in a poor environment. The direct estimate of this forage biomass is not possible with existing techniques. Thus we have investigated the lower link, i.e. the plankton organisms which are the food of fishes preyed upon by tunas. In a previous study, this fraction of the zooplankton has been identified, both by taxa and by size, by analysing the stomach contents of the fishes which are the preys of tunas. In this paper, we use 331 plankton samples from tuna fishing grounds of the tropical Indian ocean, to define the characteristics of the planktonic fraction actually participating in the tuna food chain. Main results are as follows: (1) Only 1527% of the total zooplanktonic biomass (> 1 mm) is actually accessible for the fishes preyed upon by surface tunas. This 'useful' part of the zooplankton is a well defined fraction of the planktonic population which remains in the 0-170 meters water layer during daylight hours. This part of the zooplankton accounts for a variable percentage of its total biomass the different geographic areas and represents the most relevant parameter to assess the potential richness of a given area for surface tunas. (2) From areas where fishing for surface tunas is poor to those where fishing is successful, it is observed that the total zooplankton biomass increases by a factor of 4 whereas the biomass of the 'useful' fraction increases by a factor of 7. This disproportionate increase is due to the facts that the potential preys of fishes preyed upon by tunas represent a growing fraction of the zooplankton and that a growing proportion of this fraction remains by day in the 0-170 meter water layer, therefore becoming available for the day-feeders which comprise most of the prey-fishes of surface tunas.


"Two Versions of a Theme" begins in a similar vein. The scene is a funeral service. It is "the same old thing," and "the prayers / A collection of cant." But then the narrator hears birds singing a "hymn" that "Endeared itself / To more distant mourners, the Welsh hills" (pp. 61–62). Thomas was a dedicated amateur ornithologist. So it hardly surprises that another bird image, this time in "Blackbird," is of even greater theological significance. Here, "blackbird music" reminds "that beyond the silence / which terrified Pascal / there is a presence / . . . who has chosen / with peculiar charity the feathered / creatures to convey the austerity / of his thought in song" (p. 160). Also in this book is another of Thomas's most striking religious images. He writes in "Everywhere" of the usually hidden God as revealed in the sea, the daily setting of his later years: "Suddenly I understood: the heaving / of the water was himself breathing" (p. 163). Overall, Uncollected Poems mirrors in miniature the content and level of technical mastery in Thomas's larger body of work. Enthusiasts of his poetry will find many gems here. And for persons unfamiliar with Thomas, this book would serve as a brief but worthy introduction to the two larger volumes in which his poetry is most readily available, Collected Poems 1945–1990 and Collected Later Poems 1988–2000.


Some of the prosperities of ascorbic acid (AscA) as a subphase, temperature and concentration were investigated in the Langmuir technique. We studied the forms of ascorbic acid (L- & D-AscA) actions as a subphase on monolayer formation in different concentration with different temperature in the Langmuir technique as a model of cell membranes under fixed pressure. In this study we have been noticed that there are different effects of ascorbic acid (L- & D-AscA) forms as a subphase, temperature and concentration. These results have many advantages include the possible fine control over the composition, circumstances and packing of the membrane being mimicked.


The NHS faces an existential crisis. Last week, four news stories foretold its apocalypse. Think of them as the four horse riders from the Book of Revelation.1

On 11 October Chris Hopson, chief of NHS Providers, told the Commons health select committee that England's 44 sustainability and transformation plans (STPs) seemed unrealistic and vastly overambitious, even to their authors. Drafted under excessive pressure, these plans were "at risk of blowing up."2 Hopson's earlier written evidence had warned of financial shortfalls and rising demand and costs, making even current service levels unsustainable.3

The plans …


Two species of Podostemaceae, with few previous georeferenced records West of the Andes in northern South America, are reported across the Andes in the region. Our records document a wider range of the Podostemaceae in the tropical Andes and result from recent floristic explorations in Andean rivers in Ecuador and Colombia. These new records are of use for future research in the group, as well as for conservation projects in rivers. We call for international collaborative projects supporting local collectors and institutions in Latin America to bolster research in the under-collected river plants and assess their distribution. We extend the invitation to local scientists to get their feet wet and collect plants in river-rapids and waterfalls.


This study aims to determine and analyze the effect of service quality, namely; tangible, reliability, responsiveness, assurance, empathy and image on customer satisfaction PT. Bank Central Asia (BCA) in Surabaya. This type of research is basic research using 6 research variables, namely tangibility, reliability, responsiveness, assurance, empathy and image. This study uses primary data by distributing questionnaires online. The sample used in this study were 320 respondents. While the data processing method in this study uses the IBM SPSS Statistic 24 software to test the validity and reliability test. While the method used for data processing is the SEM (Structural Equation Modeling) method with IBM AMOS 22.0 software to perform model tests (measurement models and structural models) and hypothesis testing. The results showed that the variables Tangibility, Assurance, Emphaty and Image have a significant positive relationship to Customer Satisfaction. Meanwhile, the Reliability and Responsiveness variables have a positive and insignificant relationship with Customer Satisfaction.
Keywords: Service Quality, Customer Satisfaction, Image, Banking Service Quality


. Abstract - Aims: To analyze the effects of physical therapy procedures in reducing acute pain in runners. A second aim was to investigate the impact of weather conditions on the number of physical therapy visits during the Ultramara-thon Rio24 h. Methods: This retrospective study was performed at the Physical Education Center Admiral Adalberto Nunes (CEFAN). Medical records were analyzed. The participants were athletes that were attended by the Physical therapy team during three editions of the Ultramarathon Rio24 h. The variation in the Visual Analog Scale score (VAS) before and after each treatment were analyzed. After the evaluation procedure, another professional had decided the best procedure for the assessed athlete: massotherapy, cryotherapy by immersion, or stretching. An ANOVA was performed to assess which procedures produce pain reduction immediately after the procedure. Results: A total of 1,995 care services (228 in women) were performed in 602 athletes (84 women). Analyzing the treatments that used only one modality (n = 512 visits), the final pain decreased significantly over the initial pain for the three treatments. It was verified that massotherapy, cryotherapy, and stretching promote significant intragroup differences, with no intergroup differences. The environmental conditions were not associated with the number of visits. Conclusion: Massotherapy, cryo-therapy, and stretching are effective treatments for acute pain reduction during ultramarathons. The weather conditions are not associated with the number of physical therapy visits.


The aim of this study was to examine which sources people turn to in order to find information about food and diets. Another aim was to find out how reliable people thought the various sources to d ...


Selective posterior rhizotomy and selective anterior rhizotomy were applied to treating 25 cases of spastic cerebral palsy with opening and recovery of vertebral lamina.Before operation,the nursing focused on the needle's position as well as training patients for horizontal position and head_lowe_foot_higher position. After operation, the nursing focused on prevention of cerebrospinal leakage by keeping patients sleeping in hard bed. The guidance of rehabilitative exercises was reinforced as follow_up nursing means and the treatment effects were observed intensively.The comprehensive and intensive nursing brought about satisfactory treatment effects.


Antimony sulfide (Sb2S3) has excellent stability and suitable bandgap for top cell materials in tandem solar cells, attracting intense attention for the application in solar cells. However, the complex and...