The advent of Vision Transformers (ViT) has led to significant performance gains across various computer vision tasks over the last few years, surpassing the de facto standard CNN architectures. However, most of the prominent variations of Vision Transformers are resource-intensive architectures with huge parameter sizes. They are known to be data-hungry and overfit quickly on comparatively smaller datasets. Consequently, this holds back their widespread usage across low-resource settings, which brings forth the need to develop resource-efficient vision transformers. To this end, we introduce a regularization loss that prioritizes efficient utilization of model parameters by decorrelating the heads of a multi-headed attention block in a vision transformer. This forces the heads to learn distinct features rather than focus on the same ones. Using this loss provides a consistent performance improvement over a wide range of varying scenarios of models and datasets as we show in our experiments, which proves its superior effectiveness.


Two of the mini reviews are about aspects of prostate cancer that are currently often discussed. The role of inflammation in the pathogenesis of prostate cancer is of great interest and has led to many important changes in our approaches to the subject of prostate cancer. Intermittent androgen deprivation has been an alternative therapeutic option for some time, but the absence of a large multicentre randomized controlled trial has delayed its general acceptance; this is discussed in detail in this section.


What struck Archibald Garrod as black urine on a baby's diaper led to his book on inborn errors of metabolism (1909), viewed then as a small work on "obscure metabolic abnormalities." 1,2 More ignored, however, was his idea on disease predisposition and person-to-person variation in biochemical traits, or "chemical individuality" (1931): "[I]n every case of every malady there are two sets of factors at work in the formation of the morbid picture, namely internal or constitutional factors, inherent in the sufferer and usually inherited from his forebears, and external ones which fire the train." 3 See also p 1494. Therefore, Garrod probably would have been pleased to see the article on N -acetyltransferase 2 (NAT2, or acetylator) enzymes, smoking, and breast cancer by Ambrosone et al 4 in this week's issue ofThe Journal, because it follows his way of thinking about disease predisposition. The article suggests that defective acetylator


The crystal structures of α-Si(NCN) 2 and Si 2 N 2 (NCN) undergo phase transformations upon compression. A new modification of HP-Si(NCN) 2 exhibits all Si atoms in octahedral coordination to N and may be achievable below 30 GPa. In Si 2 N 2 (NCN) we find partial increase of coordination for Si, C, and N atoms at about 60 GPa. In both cases, the carbodiimide moiety is the source for the internal reaction that lead to compactification of the structure at elevated pressures. We present 29 Si NMR chemical shifts that may help to identify the new coordination environments.


Under health care reform the provision of high-quality medical care is impossible without performing various types of medical activities being safe and available according to standards of medical care. Professional opinion of a medical worker is an important factor in the functional and organizational system of quality control of medical care.The objective of the research was to analyze the opinions of health care professionals (including nephrologists, pediatricians and general physicians) on the implementation of medical and technological documents in health care institution of Chernivtsi region as well as their impact on the quality of medical care (nephrology care) for children of the region on the basis of an anonymous survey of physicians.According to the results of the survey, physicians of Chernivtsi region positively assess the implementation of medical and technological documents in their practice. They believe that the implementation of medical and technological documents (local protocols of medical care) in health care institution of Chernivtsi region allowed them to "unify the requirements", "standardize" and improve the quality of providing medical care (nephrology care) for children at the regional level. Our research will allow us to conduct well-grounded administrative measures concerning the provision of an adequate medical care (at the regional level) in accordance with national standards.


This thesis provides a revised understanding of cultural heritage through the application of archival methodologies to a personal archive. The archive, a collection of popular music ephemera amassed by Brisbane music journalist Ritchie Yorke, is used to demonstrate how archival material can articulate key historical events. Two events are looked at in depth, specifically John Lennon and Yoko Ono's War Is Over! peace campaign and the Maple Music Junket. Through the use of archival methods a more nuanced history of popular music and its cultural significance is presented.


In 2017, Indonesia was ranked sixth in the top ten countries with the highest diabetes cases. The prevalence is expected to continue increasing. The use of Smartphone applications is one of the alternative methods in promoting better disease management and preventing diabetes. The purpose of this review is to identify existing studies regarding Smartphone applications for diabetes in Indonesia and to highlight the important findings. There are only a few original clinical studies about Smartphone applications for diabetes in Indonesia. A total of 5 studies were reviewed here. There are the Nutri Diabetic Care, the Teman DM, the DM Calendar App, the E-diary DM, and the Salam Sehat. The study was conducted on several respondents with the use of short-term applications and using the variable method. Nevertheless, the studies found that Smartphone applications for diabetes can be beneficial for improving self-care, self-efficacy, increased knowledge, and medication and diet compliance among diabetic patients in Indonesia. The information and utility criteria for diabetes application which should be relevant to clinical guidelines are not discussed. The implementation of Smartphone applications for diabetes is suitable for Indonesian condition. The best application with the right information, utility, and supported by clinical studies is suggested as a complement to the diabetes management by a health professional.


Volcanic groups of Yitong are natural ecosystem and natural environmental system which are mainly formed upon Tertiary volcano geology environment,and it has special features in aspects of the volcano geology structure,formation mechanism,typical rock outcrop and landscape geomorphology.It has been named as "Yitong Type" volcano by volcano scholars because of its special formation mechanism and the distribution,so that it is ranked as national geo-park.Geology traces of Yitong volcanoes are typical and scientific of the volcanic geology research,and it is enjoyable for the leisure of visitors.


PURPOSE: To reduce the time required for lamination of a print and to form the boundary portion of a lamination area which is not visually recognized by a user by making the lamination area transfer to a receiving medium larger than an image but smaller than the usable prescribed max. image area. CONSTITUTION: An image 16 is formed on a receiving medium 12 of a colorant within the usable predetermined max. image area 14 set on the receiving medium 12, and a lamination area 20 is transferred to the receiving medium 12 so as to cover the image 16 with the lamination area 20 transferred to the receiving medium 12 being different from the usable predetermined max. image area 14. Furthermore, the lamination area 20 transferred to the receiving medium 12 is larger than the image 16 and smaller than the usable predetermined max. image area 14. As a result, the time necessary for completing a print can be shortened, and the boundary edge of the lamination area cannot easily recognized by a user. COPYRIGHT: (C)1995,JPO


The utility model discloses an ultrasonic welding machine for electrode tabs of lithium batteries. The ultrasonic welding machine comprises a conveyor belt, a turnover mechanism, a feeding manipulator, a discharging manipulator, a first ultrasonic welding machine, a second ultrasonic welding machine, a third ultrasonic welding machine and a fourth welding machine. The first ultrasonic welding machine, the second ultrasonic welding machine, the third ultrasonic welding machine and the fourth ultrasonic welding machine are structurally identical to one another; the feeding manipulator and the discharging manipulator are positioned at two ends of the conveyor belt; the first ultrasonic welding machine and the third ultrasonic welding machine are arranged on one side of the conveyor belt, and the second ultrasonic welding machine and the fourth ultrasonic welding machine are arranged on the other side of the conveyor belt and are staggered from the first ultrasonic welding machine and the third ultrasonic welding machine; the turnover mechanism is positioned between the second ultrasonic welding machine and the third ultrasonic welding machine and stretches across the upper side of the conveyor belt; jacking translation mechanisms which are used for jacking the lithium batteries and are close to welding platforms are arranged below the conveyor belt and correspond to the first ultrasonic welding machine, the second ultrasonic welding machine, the third ultrasonic welding machine and the fourth ultrasonic welding machine. The ultrasonic welding machine for the electrode tabs of the lithium batteries has the advantages that the electrode tabs can be automatically welded by the aid of the ultrasonic welding machine, and accordingly the production efficiency can be effectively improved.


Discusses the psycho-physical theory of the subconscious, which include the causation and nature of subconscious activities, and the laws of normal and abnormal suggestibility. The selective will-activity of the highest nerve-systems, which are characterized by thought, reasoning, choice and will, form the nucleus of man's rational life. The biological significance of this consciousness is that it improves the organism's chances for survival in life. Under normal conditions, man's controlling consciousness, as well as his reflexes, function in harmony; however, under certain abnormal conditions, the two systems may become dissociated. The laws formulated for normal and abnormal suggestibility are helpful for understanding social psychology and pathology. Analyzes societies under widely different conditions of development, and concludes that the cultivation of man's rational, free individuality, is the source and aim of human progress. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2006 APA, all rights reserved)


On the basis of follow-up examinations in patients with removable cast partial prostheses, the author points to ill-designed construction forms that are conspicuous above all by their supporting elements and denture bases.


We describe a novel approach for synthesizing a desired response using an optical lattice equalizer. We demonstrate the simultaneous compensation of polarization mode dispersion (PMD) in 5 channels by minimizing the maximum differential group delay (DGD) across the band. The same approach can be applied to equalize other transmission parameters of the communication channel such as the chromatic dispersion (CD) and the gain.


The use of stable "freeze linings" to maintain the integrity of furnace sidewalls against liquid slag and metal systems are widely accepted today. A major paradigm shift was needed to move away from using insulating refractory sidewalls to using highly conductive materials combined with more effective cooling systems. The driving force behind this shift include cost effectiveness over the long term, the possibility of higher operating temperatures, and more freedom in optimizing the process chemistry. In this paper a simple method to design a "freeze lining" on a furnace sidewall hot face is described. The method is based on natural convection calculations for buoyancy driven flow over a vertical plate. The bath is assumed to be liquid slag or metal. It is shown how to estimate the most important and difficult parameter, namely the heat transfer coefficient between the bath and the sidewall/"freeze lining". For complex sidewall lining/cooling systems combining materials with high differences in thermal conductivity the use of Finite Element Analysis techniques are discussed for calculating the heat transfer. An example is presented involving the design and evaluation of a sidewall lining/cooling system for a alumina melting process.


COVID-19 has infected over 132 million people worldwide since its outbreak in China in November 2019, killing at least 2.8 million people. Around the world, the pandemic has had significant health and social economic consequences. Kenya's government implemented several protective measures in an effort to stem the spread of the COVID-19 pandemic. Despite these precautions, the corona virus continues to spread at an alarming rate in Kenya. The aim of this study was to determine prevalence of caution fatigue in adherence to COVID 19 safety measures in Kenya. The study utilized descriptive survey research design. The study population consisted of 400 respondents who were sampled using quota sampling technique. The data was collected using a questionnaire that was administered through online social media platforms obtaining both quantitative and qualitative data. Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 25.0, aided in analyzing quantitative data using descriptive statistics namely frequencies, percentages, means, standard deviations. Qualitative data was categorized thematically and described using suitable descriptive terms that focused on areas of concern. The analysis paid particular attention to the prevalence of caution fatigue in relation to COVID-19 safety measures. The study established that there is a high prevalence of caution fatigue with regard to COVID-19 safety measures. Men were found to have a higher prevalence of caution fatigue compared to women, in relation to age 20–39 year group had the highest level of caution fatigue. Respondents working in informal jua kali sector presented higher levels of caution fatigue compared to their counterparts in the formal sector. The study further, established that respondents living in urban areas had higher caution fatigue than those in the rural setting. People who felt less anxious and vulnerable about COVID-19 had higher prevalence of caution fatigue. The study recommends that public vigilance on COVID-19 needs to be reinvigorated and put in place caution fatigue mitigation measures through programs and health awareness campaigns that target people who were found to have high prevalence of caution fatigue. Lastly, there is need to create public awareness on the possible fatigue experience as a psychological response during a pandemic, and suggest ways to cope and deal with physical and mental fatigue so as to enhance personal wellbeing of Kenyan citizens' during this COVID 19


In recent years Russia has, thanks to the action of President Putin, witnessed a significant strengthening politically and economically. After years of crisis, this has finally ensured a condition of stability functional to the compromise that has arisen between the regime and society. The election of a new president, Medvedev, in March 2008, marks the beginning of a development phase that will be no less fraught with unknowns than the previous period and destined to create new challenges for the authorities, especially as concerns the social question, long kept on the margins of official policy. The operational plan for the social dimension envisaging a series of interventions aimed at solving the relative problems represents a commitment that could turn out to be crucial for the country's future.


Objective: To compare the use of two alternative population‐based denominators in calculating HPV vaccine coverage in Australia by age groups, jurisdiction and remoteness areas.


We have developed a Josephson digital-to-analog converter, otherwise know as a Josephson arbitrary waveform synthesizer, with 300 mV peak output voltage. This is the first system of its kind with demonstrated quantum accuracy. We show precision synthesized waveforms from dc to 100 kHz with measured distortion and harmonic content below 115 dBc (dB below the carrier or fundamental). The heart of the system is a superconducting microwave integrated circuit with two Josephson junction arrays biased in parallel for the microwave drive and connected in series to double the voltage for the audio frequency output waveforms. New superconducting integrated circuits with twice as many stacked junctions and improved microwave circuits have allowed us to more than double the output voltage of our recent system. We also demonstrate that quantum-based synthesized arbitrary waveforms (not just sine waves) can be used for precision measurements of a high-performance commercial analog-to-digital converter.


Much more has been written on the idea of progress than on notions of historical decline. This may be one more indication that progress is the distinctive conviction of modern minds it is supposed to be; certainly it reflects the academic distribution of history by fief and field. Studies of the idea of progress constitute a proper academic field, complete with its classic (Bury's Idea of Progress), revisions of the classic, and syntheses of both (progress on "progress"?). Such work as there is on "historical pessimism," "the idea of decay," and the "idea" or "sense" of decadence remains quite fragmentary, without conventional boundaries or a common title. Often it has a defensive edge, as if needing to prove that losers might matter. Apologies are hardly necessary when another reason for the relative neglect may be, after all, that the language of historical decline is simply too familiar to attract attention. Neither beliefs in progress nor historical relativism seem to make much headway against commonplace talk of political, economic, or cultural "decline" and of "decadent" morals, literature, or art. Doubt has ways of springing quite as eternal as hope; and the belief in progress may actually encourage it, since criteria for measuring progress can easily be turned around to detect decline. Whatever the reason, there is room to wonder about a theme probably as old as civilization and as close as the doubting mood of the present, but not for that to be dismissed as atavism or fad. From Hesiod and Thucydides to St. Augustine and Orosius, Rousseau and Gibbon, Nietzsche and Burckhardt, Spengler and Huizinga, some of the most significant historical speculation and narrative have been phrased in terms of decline. Or so it might be argued. But since it is not yet clear what the argument would be about, it might be useful at least it keeps first things first to ask what it means to speak of historical decline.1


In the NICU, communication with parents, family, and other members of the care team is extremely important. Multiple issues can impede effective communication around goals of care, particularly in the context of end-of-life discussions. This review looks at a select few of those difficult topics and identifies them as opportunities for deeper and more productive discussions with parents of critically ill neonates as well as medical staff.


Although molasses is being used by dairy farmers, particularly certified organic dairies, as a lower cost energy alternative to corn, little research currently exists evaluating the effects of molasses as the sole supplement on the ruminal fermentation of grazing dairy cows. This study evaluated the effects of pasture supplementation with molasses, corn meal, or a combination of molasses and corn meal, on ruminal nutrient digestibility and bacterial N synthesis in continuous culture fermenters. Experimental treatments were 1) orchardgrass (Dactylis glomerata L.) pasture only (control; 70 g DM/d); 2) molasses plus orchardgrass pasture (MOL; 3.5 g DM/d of molasses plus 66.5 g DM/d of pasture); 3) corn meal plus orchardgrass pasture (CM; 4.9 g DM/d of corn meal plus 65.1 g DM/d of pasture); and 4) molasses plus corn meal plus orchardgrass pasture (MOL + CM; 3.5 g DM/d of molasses plus 4.9 g DM/d of corn meal plus 61.6 g DM/d of pasture). Treatment did not affect (P > 0.05) apparent DM, OM, and NDF digestibility values; true DM and OM digestibility values; molar proportions of VFA; or acetate-to-propionate ratio. Mean ruminal pH tended (P = 0.071) to be greater for MOL. Maximum ruminal pH was greatest (P 0.05). At low levels of inclusion, molasses showed results similar to corn meal in improving ruminal fermentation and N utilization, with both supplements showing only minimal improvement compared with a pasture-only diet.


1. The overall goal of the project is to study how actions and intentions are represented in the human brain. The standard view of actions is that they are driven by goals or intentions in combination with beliefs. Yet, the relations between actions and goals are deeply problematic. Theoretical and empirical results show that actions are sometimes not driven by goals at all or by goals that are quite different from what we imagine.


The methodology necessary for selecting physical test procedures relevant to end-use applications is discussed. Emphasis is placed on the complex behavior of plastics and the fact that the physical properties of polymers cannot be presented as unchanging "typical values' that universally describe material behavior. A basic rationale necessary to develop a sound philosophy of testing is first developed. An integrated approach of describing all physical tests simply as input/output measurements under given boundary conditions is presented. Three classes of test methods, that is, fundamental tests, component or practical tests, and hybrid tests are defined. I he importance of avoiding hybrid types of tests is illustrated. An assessment of standard ASTM test methods is presented Guidelines are established for selecting relevant physical testing procedures.


Ramjet engines operating on a thermodynamic Brayton cycle (pressure P = const) are currently widely used in §ying vehicles. For many decades, such engines were continuously improved in terms of better design and materials and their further improvement requires large investments. Alternative solution is to improve the thermodynamic ef¦ciency of the thermodynamic cycle used in ramjets by applying innovative pressure gain combustors. Increase in the total pressure in the combustion chamber can be achieved by an increase in the rate of unsteady combustion of fuel€oxidizer mixture and/or by changing the combustion mode. The most attractive combustion mode in terms of its thermodynamic e©ciency is detonation [1]. The thermodynamic cycle with a controlled detonation combustion is referred to as Zel£dovich cycle in honor of Academician Zel£dovich who developed theoretical grounds for the application of detonation to propulsion. In a detonation wave, the maximum release rate of chemical energy stored in the fuel is achieved (energy is released in a very thin layer of shockcompressed mixture), and the entropy increment in the detonation products is less than in the products of constant-pressure combustion. In view of it, two basic schemes of detonation combustion are


In order to solve the problem of shortage of funds for highway construction and maintenance, Public-Private-Partnership (PPP) has been widely used and the concession period is one of the core issues in the negotiation of the highway PPP project. The system dynamic (SD) method is adopted to model relationship between highway maintenance and concession period of PPP project. The aim of this study is to study the long-term dynamic relationship between different highway maintenance strategies and project concession period, therefore to help the government to determine a reasonable concession period. Case study is presented to demenstrate the validation of the proposed SD model. Introduction Since the construction of the first highway in 1984, China's highway industry has made rapid development. With the continuous expansion of the highway network and the passage of time, the demand for the maintenance of the highway is also increasing day by day. On the other hand, it still need to invest a lot of money into the construction for a long time in the future. Because of the limited funds for highway maintenance and construction, the highway with large area in China can only get the most basic maintenance. PPP is a public-private partnership project financing pattern in public infrastructure. In this pattern, private enterprises and capital get cooperation with government, participating in the construction of public infrastructure, thus effectively ease the government pressure in providing infrastructure and services. The current studies on the concession period of highway PPP project include: Concession period research based on the bargaining game theory between investors and the government [1], research on the impact of risk and uncertainty on concession period[2], the influence of construction and market risks on the concession period with key path method and Monte Carlo simulation[3]. However, rare studies on the relationship between highway maintenance and concession period have been taken. Therefore, this paper proposes a system dynamic model of concession period of highway PPP project, including the quantitative relationships between relevant variables, based on the characteristics of highway maintenance management in China. System Dynamics Methodology System dynamics (SD) developed by Jay Forrester is able to handle the system issues of high order, nonlinear and multiple feedbacks[4]. The SD method has been successfully applied in different fields, including economics, health science, physics, mathematics as well as civil engineering and management[5][6]. Stock-Flow Diagram for Interactions around Pavement Condition. The subsystem shown in Fig. 1 models the dynamic interactions among the variables around highway deterioration process and maintenance operations. Pavement performance is the key indicator of the highway conditions and is generally represented by Pavement Condition Index (PCI)[7]. The pavement performance reflecting integrity of pavement structure can be classified as five discrete states including excellent, good, fair, poor and very poor. 7th International Conference on Education, Management, Computer and Medicine (EMCM 2016) Copyright © 2017, the Authors. Published by Atlantis Press. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/). Advances in Computer Science Research, volume 59


OF THESIS A MULTIVARIATE ANALYSIS OF BELIEFS, ATTITUDES, AND BEHAVIORS ASSOCIATED WITH LOCALLY PRODUCED FOOD AND FARMERS' MARKET PATRONAGE While farmers' market vendors rely on loyal and frequent patrons to purchase their products, it is unclear how the intrinsic differences among farmers' market shoppers serve as indicators of potential shopping frequency at farmers' markets. The objectives of this thesis are to identify consumers' intrinsic values associated with characteristics of local foods, examine how these values are reflected in consumption behaviors among farmers' market shoppers, and explore the relationship between consumption activities and shopping frequency at farmers' markets. Results suggest that the differences between frequent and infrequent farmers' market shoppers could be explained by the individual's levels of high and low involvement in consumption activities that reflect intrinsic values associated with benefits of locally produced foods. Market patrons who generally exhibit higher levels of involvement in these activities are more likely to be frequent farmers' market shoppers; this is particularly true for those who are drawn to activities associated with public life or group settings. This information can be used by farmers' market managers and vendors to develop targeted marketing strategies for retention of frequent market shoppers and also for increasing market patronage for less frequent market shoppers.


Coal-oil mixtures (COM) have received increasing interest as alternatives to residual fuel oil and natural gas for heavy industrial and utility applications. Future industry efforts extend beyond the scope of promoting immediate acceptance of COM. This thrust includes beneficiation of coal feedstocks used, as well as removing the oil and perfecting coal-water slurries. These efforts are discussed in addition to the four basic approaches to the manufacture of COM. Economics and details of industrial conversion are covered. CoaLiquid, Inc. (CLI) of Louisville, KY, which uses ultrasonic emulsification to stabilize COM, has been a pioneer in commercial demonstration of industrial equipment. Some of these demonstrations are described, along with implications for future applications of coal slurry fuels.


The present invention provides an apparatus system (10) processing, comprising: a glass substrate before and after processing the transport (S, S ') of the conveyance line (11), along the transfer line (11) is provided and processed glass substrate (S), transfer between the plurality of processing means (12), and transferring and transporting a plurality of processing means (12) line (11) a first transmitting means (12) a glass substrate (S, S ') before and after treatment, wherein said first transmission means (13) simultaneously transmitting a plurality of glass substrates (S, S ') between the transfer line (11) with a plurality of processing means (12), so that to solve the FDP used in the manufacture of the prior art means for processing systems have long processing time for each substrate, the processing efficiency is not high.


The present investigation was conducted at Vegetable Research Station, ARI, Rajendranagar, Hyderabad during August, 2016 to March, 2017. Thirty five genotypes were evaluated in Randomized Block Design with two replications evaluated for nineteen yield and yield contributing characters, which are diverse in origin. Correlation coefficient analysis revealed that Pod yield per plant exhibited positive significant correlation with vine length (0.511), number of pods per plant (0.494), pod weight (0.485), seed breadth (0.389), seed length (0.349), 100 dry seed weight (0.325), primary branches per plant (0.291), days to 50 percent flowering (0.254), days to first flowering (0.244) and pod length (0.240). Path analysis revealed that maximum positive direct effect on pod yield per plant was exhibited through pod weight (0.440) followed by protein content (0.235). Positive direct effect of primary branches per plant (0.229) on pod yield per plant was moderate. The direct negative effects on pod yield were observed by days to first flowering, days to last pod harvest and 100 dry seed weight.


The objective of this research is from radar life parameter monitoring system for respiration and heartbeat signal separation, therefore the characteristic parameters of respiration;   heartbeat could be extracted to provide the basis for family care and disease prevention. This paper put forward a method to analyze the characteristics of the echo signal, improve adaptive filter harmonic combination of reference input signals for respiration. Home monitoring results for simulation experiment is proposed based on LMS adaptive harmonic cancellation algorithm for adaptive filtering. Conclusion in the home monitoring experiment can effectively separate the respiration and heartbeat signals. DOI : http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/telkomnika.v12i4.4777


The article deals with the study of the ethnopsychological peculiarities of the family influence on the formation of the ethnic self-consciousness
among teenagers and adolescents As a result of the empirical research, it has been found out that there is no significant difference between various
ethnic sample groups. It is noted that the interest of Polish and Ukrainian parents in ethnocultural issues is at quite high level. It has been proved empirically that there are gender and age differences of the family influence on ethnical stereotypes. Representatives of the female sample group evaluate the interest of their parents in ethnocultural issues differently: Ukrainian women show a higher level of family interest in comparison to Polish women. It has been stated that teenagers of the Ukrainian ethnic group demonstrate a higher level of parental interest in ethnocultural issues. It has been found out that the level of the importance of the parental opinions in decisionmaking is higher for Polish respondents compared to Ukrainian ones.


Many regions are trying to attract firms in order to boost their regional economies. It is necessary to define the practical concept of the best place for business and to set up its evaluating system so that we can provide more realistic policy directions to local governments. With this in mind, the paper mainly attempts to suggest an evaluating system identifying the best regions for business in Korea, which is effective by reflecting data limitations. Basic local autonomies, Si and Gun, are selected as target areas for evaluation. In addition the regions of which populations size is less than a certain level were omitted to maintain homogeneousness among regions. Five sectors including industrial base, industrial location etc. were selected as evaluating factors. Two different approaches were simultaneously adopted, statistical analysis and interviews with firms, to evaluate both Quantitative and Qualitative aspects of each sector.


This paper discusses attributes value reduction theories, and caries on heuristic value reduction algorithm performance test and analysis.Heuristic value reduction algorithm has better efficiency than general value reduction algorithm on the condition of not big data scale.


Injection of radiation leukemia virus (RadLV) into newborn W/Fu inbred rats results in a high incidence of lymphomas indistinguishable from those induced by this virus in mice. Plasma from rats with primary RadLV-induced lymphomas exhibited a host range of leukemogenic activity in mice similar to that of mouse-derived RadLV. The antigenicity of the rat RadLV-induced lymphomas is indicated by their transplantation behavior and by their ability to induce the production of cytotoxic antibodies. These tumors cannot be transplanted into adult syngeneic rats unless these hosts are pretreated with doses of X-rays known to depress the immune response. The serum of W/Fu adult rats immunized with syngeneic RadLV lymphomas is specifically cytotoxic for all of the rat and most of the mouse tumors induced by RadLV. The cytotoxicity of the rat antiserum is strongly absorbed by rat and mouse RadLV-induced lymphomas. Rat anti-RadLV sera also exhibit virus-neutralizing activity, as measured by inhibition of the leukemogenic activity of RadLV in mice. Cytotoxic and absorption tests performed with specific rat antisera show complete cross-reactivity between RadLV and Gross lymphoma antigens. In addition, rat and mouse RadLV-induced lymphomas absorb the specific cytotoxicity of mouse anti-Gross serum. These data demonstrate that RadLV and Gross viruses induce identical or very closely related antigens in the transformed cells. The presence of the RadLV cell-associated antigen in most radiation-induced mouse lymphomas supports the view that RadLV may be an etiologic factor in these tumors.


The organisation and performance of research on geomorphological processes should be based on the methodological and methodical grounds of the empirical sciences. A well-organised observation in the form of geomorphological monitoring forms the grounds for the collection of observational data. Actually, it is not an option to consider the geoecological approach in the study of present-day geomorphological processes. This is a methodological must. Adopting a certain concept of the geoecosystem seems to be a good option in research on present-day geomorphological processes (Kostrzewski 1993). A geoecosystem is a unit of geographic space with varying size and structure. This geomorphological monitoring stands for the organisation and conduct of research on geomorphological processes (considered to be dominant) and relevant conditions (weather-related, hydrological) based on a standardised measurement system in order to obtain reliable data aimed to assess current research studies and plan future studies. Currently in Poland, geomorphological monitoring is conducted at scientific research sites; for example, at selected high schools and as part of the Integrated Environmental Monitoring Network in Poland, which is a subsystem of Poland's National Environmental Monitoring Network. The data obtained from geomorphological monitoring sites, verified on the grounds of accepted statistical tests, forms the basis for the analysis and assessment of a given geoecosystem and its operation, taking into account observed climate changes and increasing human impact.


: Gully erosion have been proven to vary both in terms of size and number in urban and rural settlements and is caused by factors related to both human and natural phenomenon. This study assessed the gully morphological development in an urban and rural settlement with the view of finding the settlement that is more vulnerable to gully erosion development. It investigated gully development in the urban and rural settlements of UIRB; gully morphological features in settlements; and the anthropogenic factors of gully development in urban and rural settlements. A reconnaissance survey was carried out in 2016, while a detailed field survey on the sampled locations and gully sites was carried out from 2017 till early 2019. Two types of data were employed in this study. They were primary and secondary (archival) data. The secondary data set used for this study was obtained from maps (topographical and lithological) and satellite imageries obtained from USSG. Primary data used for the study were grouped into two-gully morphological data and anthropogenic data. The two data sets were obtained through field measurement, digital image analysis, and a questionnaire survey. The morphological data considered are gully length, width, depth, area slope, and elevation, while anthropogenic data involves human economic activities. The sampling technique employed was randomized systematic sampling. Three major factors considered in the course of sampling were settlement type, the number of second-order basins located within the various settlements of the upper Imo River basin, and several gullies located in the settlements of UIRB. Considering these factors 18 gully sites were randomly sampled from gullied second-order basins. Data analysis makes use of percentages, measures of variations,


Canopy reflectance model is a useful tool to correct the effect of measuring conditions like as the changes in observation angle and solar irradiance angle. So that, if we use the corrected reflectance data by the model for estimating vegetation index such as NDVI, we can derive more accurate information of vegetative distribution from satellite data.Nowadays, the famous model for canopy reflectance is the SAIL model. (Verhoef, 1984) This study notices that the leaf reflectance parameter of the SAIL model is considered only front surface of leaves. And so, we survey the influence on canopy reflectance. As a result of it, we find that it is not adequate to predict canopy reflectance by using only front surface reflectance of leaves.


The environment can be broadly classified into two areas: physical and cultural. The interaction between these two categories have far reaching implications for both. Their interaction is already exerting a negative influence, in various ways, on man and on ecosystems. An urgent and enduring solution is therefore called for to ensure the survival of both man and ecosystems. This paper looks at three major environmental problems in Nigeria - gas flaring, soil erosion and solid waste. It analyses their causes, and socio-economic and socio-cultural implications for the country. In conclusion, a strategy of action is proposed to combat these problems and alleviate their pressure on the nation.


Trials were conducted to investigate the effects of dietary protein and energy levels on growth and protein metabolism of Procambarus clarkii.Results indicated that specific growth rate increased with the increase of dietary protein level and energy level(P0.05),from 260 to 300 g/kg but increase in energy level from 15 to 17 kJ/g had no significant difference(P0.05).Protease specific activity in intestinal and hepatopancreas significantly increased with the increase of dietary protein level(P0.05).Adenosine deaminase(ADA)and glutamate dehydrogenase(GDE) in hepatopancreas significantly increased with the increase of dietary protein level and were higher at 300 g/kg than at 220 and 260 g/kg(P0.05).ADA in hepatopancreas was significantly influenced by dietary energy level,but GDE was not significantly influenced by dietary energy level(P0.05).Analysis of RNA/DNA in muscle and ratio of dietary protein and energy level indicated that optimal ratio of dietary protein and energy level respective were 16.63 and 17.59 g/MJ.In the current experiment,the optimal protein to energy ratio which could improve growth and protein metabolism were 16.63-17.59 g/MJ.


Larry Niven is an influential contemporary American writer of hard science fiction.In his short story,"All the Myriad Ways",Niven demonstrates the crisis of life ethics from the perspective of Many Worlds Interpretation by portraying a quantum world.Quantum theory can shed new light on narratology in three aspects: simulation poetics,superposition and collapse of story worlds,and forking-path narrative.Quantum mechanics proves to be another source of inspiration for narrative innovation.


Rapid progress in deciphering the biological mechanism of Alzheimer's disease (AD) has arisen from the application of molecular and cell biology to this complex disorder of the limbic and association cortices. The precise diagnosis of AD, however, has little progress and is also a challenging task. In this study, we investigate the DNA gene expression data of AD based on independent component analysis (ICA) to find significant genes for AD diagnosis. ICA exploits higher-order statistics to identify gene expression profiles as linear combinations of elementary expression patterns that may be interpreted as potential regulation pathways. This method can identify many genes and related pathways that play a prominent role in AD and relate the activation patterns of these to AD phenotypes. Using the extracted significant genes, the classification of AD and control samples gets more easy and effective by less gene data. This report shows that ICA as a microarray data analysis tool could help us to understand the phenotype–pathway relationship and, thus will help us to elucidate the molecular taxonomy of AD.


The solid solution of a (1–x)PbZrO3 – xPb(Y1/2Nb1/2)O3 (PZ – PYN) system, with x = 0.00 – 0.08, was synthesized by the wolframite precursor method. The effects of PYN content on crystal structure, and electrical and thermal properties of PbZrO3 ceramic were investigated. The crystal structure of sintered ceramics was characterized by X-ray diffraction. The pure perovskite phase was obtained for all compositions. The transition temperatures of the AFE to PE phase become lower with PYN increase. The dielectric properties of PZ were improved by the addition of PYN.


These are the proceedings of an international conference on the demography of Italy in the Middle Ages held in Cuneo and Carru Italy April 28-30 1994. The 24 papers 21 of which are in Italian and 3 in French are divided into three sections which concern sources problems and methods; the city and the countryside; and migration population policies and socioeconomic structures. (ANNOTATION)


We're always encouraging our children to eat their greens so why not inspire them to get green-fingered and grow their own? It is a great way to fuel learning and boost the feel-good factor.


Reply from the Author: We thank Dr. Gifford for his comments regarding diagnostic test utility. As he calculated, increased levels of CSF tau had high sensitivity and specificity for the diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease (AD) in our study.1 We had refrained from presenting these or other indices of clinical utility because the study was exploratory, to establish in principle whether CSF tau elevation occurs in AD at an early stage when the clinical diagnosis is often challenging. The number of subjects with very high MMSE scores (≥25) …


Abstract This study examines aid effectiveness from a donor's perspective. The vast majority of discussions on aid effectiveness have been devoted to whether or not recipient countries possess various aspects of capacity to make aid programs effective. Since a donor country makes the first decision on how and where aid should be disbursed, donor countries also bear comparable responsibilities for aid effectiveness. Analyzing whether aid effectiveness, as represented in the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development's Development Assistance Committee principles, is under the influence of the aid management system and governance of donor countries, the results of this empirical study show that both factors affect aid effectiveness. In particular, the empirical results imply that donor countries where, aid agencies are housed as a development cooperation department within a Ministry of Foreign Affairs on the one hand and which have a stronger capacity to control corruption on the other tend to follow the international principles of aid effectiveness which, in turn, enable them to improve aid effectiveness.


Pentachlorothioanisole (PCTA), a metabolite of pentachloronitrobenzene (PCNB), was converted to methyl pentachlorophenyl sulfoxide (PCTA-SO) and methyl pentachlorophenyl sulfone (PCTA-S02) in soil underr laboratory conditions. The conversion was hardly observed in autoclaved soil, suggesting participation of microorganisms in the process. The presence of PCTA-SO and PCTA-S02 was also confirmed in soil from a fieldd plot treated with PCNB and in peanuts harvested from the plot. A trace amount of PCTA-SO was also detected in young corn plants grown in a culture solution containing PCNB.


The invention provides a method for developing a universal portal for a government comprehensive office platform. In the method, different information portals can be constructed by personnel according to the different requirements of the personnel in different levels in a specific government affair comprehensive office system, so that the usability can be improved in the data display plane of the system, and the personalized and staged application of the portals such as a personal portal, a department portal, a to-do portal, a knowledge portal, a process portal and the like can be realized. The method is provided according to a concept that anybody can process a task to be done, access needed data, acquire needed knowledge and find a needed person anytime in the system, any user can conveniently accomplish 90 percent of functions to be processed on a home page after logging in the system, and management modules are not required to be clicked one by one for processing and inquiring data, so that the concept of people first is actually realized, and the processing efficiency is improved by an informationized system.


Between April 1999 and September 2004, 58 cases of femoral trochanteric fractures were treated with a CHS (compression hip screw), and 25 cases with a Gamma nail. We evaluated the multivariate studies and the post-operative walking ability between two groups. There were significant differences in the duration of admission, fracture types, post-operative walking ability in unstable fracture type, and complications. Because of the operative-technique, complications in the Gamma group were more than the CHS group. In the unstable fractures type, 88 percent of the patients in the Gamma group regained pre-injury walking ability, but only 40 percent in the CHS group regained the ability. In the decreased factors of walking ability, there were significant differences in unstable fractures type and dementia of the CHS group. We conclude that the Gamma nail is a more useful device than CHS in unstable fractures type and dementia.


Introduction . The association of Paneth cells with colorectal neoplasms has been demonstrated in several studies and case reports. T he frequency of Paneth cell-containing adenomas ranges from 0.2 to 39% in the various published studies. Although adenomas with Paneth cells have already been recognized before, there are no studies in the Philippines, that have been done to evaluate their clinicopathologic features. This study was performed to evaluate the clinicopathologic features of Paneth cell-containing adenomas and their association with adenoma burden. Methodology . A total of 326 colorectal adenomas from 133 patients diagnosed consecutively from April 2013 to June 2013 at St. Luke's Medical Center, Quezon City, Philippines, were reviewed. These were checked for the presence of Paneth cells within the adenomatous crypts. The differences in gender and location were analyzed using one tail z-test, while the association of Paneth-cell containing adenomas with adenoma burden was analyzed using univariate odds ratio at 95% confidence interval. Results. The frequency of Paneth cell-containing adenomas in this study of 326 adenomas is 15% (50 of 326 adenomas). There was no statistical significance in the occurrence of the lesion between male and female patients (32% vs. 15%; p =0.2041). There was also no statistical difference in their occurrence in the proximal and distal colon (18% vs. 14%; p =0.1723). The odds of having multiple adenomas for patients with Paneth cell-containing adenomas are 3.16 times higher than those patients without Paneth cell-containing adenomas (15 patients with one adenoma, 23 patients with more than one adenoma; p=0.0037). Conclusion . This study has demonstrated the increased odds of harboring multiple adenomas in patients with Paneth-cell containing adenomas.  This may be attributed in part to the fact that there have been recent studies revolving around Paneth cells that have shown that an established pathway of colorectal tumorigenesis, the APC/Wnt/ β - catenin pathway, regulates differentiation towards this cell lineage.


A study of novolac polymer etching in an oxygen microwave multipolar plasma with independent rf wafer biasing is reported. A step‐like etch rate variation with temperature is observed for these polymers. Experiments conducted on chemically identical novolacs with different molecular weights allow this phenomenon to be correlated with their glass transition temperatures. Etch rate variations are caused by the thermal effect of ion bombardment, emphasizing the role of viscoelastic properties in polymer plasma etching.


In a distributed real-time command, control and communication (C/sup 3/) system, tasks execute to fulfil both local and system-wide computational goals. Satisfying system-wide goals imposes requirements on local tasks to operate in a predictable manner, within restricted timing ranges. In addition, local tasks themselves may vary within a wide operational envelope in terms of their criticalities of performance. Traditional solutions to scheduling use mechanisms such as FIFO, round-robin, or simple priority, to provide sequencing. These techniques are not adequate in a time-constrained environment, where failure could lead to catastrophic results. This paper surveys a collection of scheduling algorithms and examines their performance via simulation for a class of real-time C/sup 3/ tasks. Our valve-phase-deadline (VPD) algorithm is described and analyzed against five well-known schedulers.<<ETX>>


This study presents an empirical model of the impacts of agricultural and urban returns on farmland value. The model allows the marginal impacts of parcel characteristics to vary nonlinearly over space with an endogenous smooth transition between urban fringe and rural areas. The estimation examines 10,317 parcel-level farmland transactions across the state of Illinois over the period January 2001–December 2009. The results suggest that marginal impacts of both agricultural and urban returns differ between urban fringe and rural areas. (JEL Q15, R14)


With the rapid development of society and the system's gradual establishment,the quality management systems from all walks of life are improved.To better standardize the market,we need to further improve the quality management system in our country.Especially in the laboratory,excellent quality management system is a powerful guarantee for the research.


We describe a three-dimensional quantum mechanical study within the nonreactive infinite order sudden approximation (IOSA) for the title systems. The study was performed using a recently introduced global potential energy surface (Bradley et al. J. Chem. Phys. 1995, 102, 6696). Integral total cross sections for the two reactions, namely, NO + NH and NO + ND, were calculated as a function of kinetic energy in the range 0.05−0.50 eV. Using these cross sections, temperature-dependent rate constants were calculated. Our main findings are:  (a) The energy-dependent cross sections for the two isotopic reactions are very similar; still, the cross sections for NO + NH are larger at the low-energy region while those for NO + ND are somewhat larger at the high-energy region. (b) The two cross section curves start to increase at zero kinetic energy, indicating the absence of a potential energy barrier or the existence of a mild one at most. (c) Compared with quasi-classical-trajectory cross sections the present quan...


In Iran, forest inventory information has been essential with respect to land management because 10% of Iran is composed of forests. Therefore, accurate forest information such as tree counts, height, DBH, and volume are critical for forest management. While such data traditionally have required labor intensive and time consuming field measurement, new technologies such as remote sensing have supplemented and supplanted some of these field measurements. Although different types of sensors have been used to extract individual trees information, WorldView-2 (WV-2) has been used recently to extract surface information because WV-2 have high spatial and spectral resolution. In this study, object base classifiers (with KNN way) were used to classify WV-2 satellite and do assessment accuracy with UAV image in study sites. the study indicate that the classification accuracy of Objectbased algorithm was best for extraction of dry trees. This study is conducted to evaluate the possibility of WV-2 data to extract forest characteristics from identifying and measuring individual trees. Our results demonstrate that WV-2 data, NDVI with object-based classification can be used to detect tree mortality resulting from numerous causes and in several forest cover types.


Based on the temperature and humidity index, for quails from the 3rd to the 5th week of life, in the dry period in Paraíba state, Brazil, the objective was to carry out a bioclimatic zoning, identifying as regions suitable for the reproduction of quails and, when necessary, mitigating measures for greater animal comfort. The bioclimatic zoning was carried out for the mesoregions of the state, the climatic data used are from meteorological stations in the period from 1961 - 2015, from them maps were elaborated with the spatial distribution of the index, identifying as regions with ideal thermal comfort conditions for the animals. For quails in the third week, the Agreste mesoregion presents the best situation in the dry season, not requiring corrective measures to maintain the comfort of these animals. In the fourth week of life of the quails, the mesoregions that would provide THI values within the ZCT in the dry period would be the Zona da Mata paraibana and Sertão, while the ZCT for quails in the fifth week of life, could be found throughout the state of Paraíba. measures; mesoregions.


Aim: To establish a quality standard of Qingshu oral liquid. Methods: The quality of Flos Lonicerae, Fructus Forsythiae and Fructus Gardeniae was identified by TLC. The content of baicalin was determined by HPLC. Results and Conclusion: TLC could identify the corresponding components accurately. The linear range of baicalin was 0.143 ~0.683 μg in HPLC, Y=0.165+35.522X,r=0.999 5(P0.05). The recovery was 99.51%. The methods are simple and reliable and can be used for the quality control of Qingshu oral liquid.


The present invention relates to a process for the substantial reduction of hydrogen sulfide formation during retorting of oil shale by previously treating the oil shale under mild oxidative conditions to passivate the pyrite present in the oil shale. The oxidation of the oil shale under mild oxidative conditions results in the reduction of hydrogen sulfide formation during retorting without a decrease in the amount of oil produced.


Cloud computing is a technology that allows the end-users to access the network through a shared area of resources. As the demand for the cloud computing increases, vulnerabilities in the service provision also increase. EDoS is one of the attacks that take over the provider, financially affecting the various organizations which use the cloud data. This paper utilizes fuzzy entropy and lion neural learner (FLNL) for the classification of cloud users to mitigate EDoS attacks in the cloud. This technique includes a training phase, which creates a log file using various parameters and then transforms the features into database considering certain key features. There are two important stages in this classification approach: feature selection and classification. Here, the fuzzy entropy function is utilized for feature selection which effectively selects useful features without information loss. The classification is performed using lion neural learner (LNL) which incorporates Lion algorithm (LA) into the neural network and uses Levenberg–Marquardt (LM) algorithm. The experimental results finalize that the proposed FLNL is effective with 89% precision, 78% recall, and 83.13% of f-measure compared with the existing Naïve Bayes (NB), Neural [Formula: see text] Propagation [Formula: see text], and Neural [Formula: see text]–Marquardt [Formula: see text].


We discuss the lower bound to the lightest Higgs boson H{sub 1} in the minimal supersymmetric extension of the standard model with explicit CP violation, and the phenomenology of the lightest relic neutralino in the same scenario. In particular, adopting the CPX benchmark scenario, we find that the combination of experimental constraints coming from LEP, thallium electric dipole moment measurements, quarkonium decays, and B{sub s}{yields}{mu}{mu} decay favors a region of the parameter space where the mass of H{sub 1} is in the range 7 GeV or approx. M{sub H{sub 1/2}} whichmore » is allowed by cosmology is excluded by antiproton fluxes.« less


The problem of robust guaranteed cost fault-tolerant control for a class of networked control system with time-varying delay and packet dropout was investigated.Both parameter uncertainties and external disturbance were addressed.Based on the model with multiple successive delays in the state,a stability criterion for the closed-loop system with robust integrity against actuator or sensor failures was given in terms of the time-delay-dependent approach.Then a method of the robust fault-tolerant controller design was given by solving a linear or nonlinear matrix inequality.The lower bound of the time-delay was introduced in the model,moreover the model transformation was not used and the bounding techniques on some cross terms were not involved in the process of certification.A less conservative result was obtained.Finally,a numerical example was given to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.


In the title molecule, C21H16Cl2O2S, the five-membered ring is rotationally disordered between two orientations in a 1:1 ratio. In the crystal structure, weak intermolecular C—H⋯O hydrogen bonds link molecules related by translation along the a axis into chains, which are further combined into layers parallel to the bc plane via C—H⋯π interactions. The crystal studied was a racemic twin with a 0.37 (19):0.63 (19) domain ratio.


1. Meiosis in autotetraploid Secale cereale is characterized by multivalent associations, inversion or duplication bridges, univalent bridges, univalent laggards and nonlaggards, irregular anaphase distributions, and chromosome loss. 2. The degree of anaphase irregularity is so low as to indicate that the spindle mechanism is as precise in the autotetraploid as in the diploid. 3. Unequal anaphases are produced by nonlagging univalents and coincidences in the divisions of trivalents. 4. Chromosome loss seems to interfere little with mitosis until the reduction leaves little more than the haploid number. Hypoploid cells were capable of division, the extreme instance being the division of a cell deficient for three whole chromosomes. The loss occurs frequently, usually within five or six cell generations before the first meiotic division, and may be followed by additional loss within the islands of deficient cells.


Abstract : The infective process during which schistosome cercariae invade the skin of vertebrate hosts includes several aspects about which our knowledge is incomplete. These aspects concern changes in the relationship of the cercariae to the snail host in which they developed, in penetrated vertebrate host skin, and in the invading parasite itself. In order better to understand the infective process, data have been accumulated and analyzed under the following headings: (1) the infective process - fluctuations in snail-cercaria relations; (2) the infective process - the rotifer problem; (3) morphological (fine structural) changes as cercariae transform to schistosomules; and (4) antigenicity of secreted cercarial preacetabular enzyme.


Yuehui Tan Northwest Agriculture and Forestry University College of Resources and Environment Xirui Wan Northwest Agriculture and Forestry University College of Resources and Environment Xue Ni Northwest Agriculture and Forestry University College of Resources and Environment Le Wang Northwest Agriculture and Forestry University College of Resources and Environment Ting Zhou Northwest Agriculture and Forestry University College of Resources and Environment Huimin Sun Northwest Agriculture and Forestry University College of Resources and Environment Nong Wang Agro-Environmental Protection Institute Xianqiang Yin (  email@example.com ) Northwest Agriculture and Forestry University https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0831-4181


We now examine in detail two of the simplest applications of the general decision theory just formulated, and compare the rst with the older Neyman{Pearson procedure. The problem of detection of signals in noise is really the same as Laplace's old problem of detecting the presence of unknown systematic innuences in celestial mechanics, and Shewhart's (1931) more recent problem of detecting a systematic drift in machine characteristics, in industrial quality control. Statisticians would call the procedure a \signiicance test." It is unfortunate that the basic identity of all these problems was not more widely recognized, because it forced workers in several diierent elds to rediscover the same things, with varying degrees of success, over and over again. As is clear by now, all we really have to do to solve this problem is to take the principles of inference developed in Chapters 2 and 4; and supplement them with the loss function criterion for converting nal probabilities into decisions (and, if needed, the maximum entropy principle for assigning priors). However, the literature of this eld has been created largely from the standpoint of the original decision theory before this was realized. The existing literature therefore uses a diierent sort of vocabulary and set of concepts than we have been using up to now. Since it exists, we have no choice but to learn these terms and viewpoints if we want to read the literature of the eld. This material appeared in the papers of Middleton and van Meter (1955, 1956), and later in the monumental treatise of Middleton (1960), in an enormously expanded form where a beginner can get lost for months without ever nding the real underlying principles. So we need a very rapid, condensed review of the literature of the 1950's on these problems. To have a complete, self{contained summary, we repeat a little from previous chapters as a way of introducing this diierent language. Notation: p(AjB) = Conditional probability of A, given B p(ABjCD) = Joint conditional probability of A and B, given D and C : : : etc. For our purposes, everything follows from the product rule: p(ABjC) = p(AjBC) p(BjC) = p(BjA) p(AjC): (14{1) If the propositions B and C are not mutually contradictory, this may be rearranged to give the rule of \learning by experience," Bayes' theorem: p(AjBC) = p(AjC) p(BjAC) p(BjC) = p(AjB) p(CjAB) p(CjB) : (14{2) If there are several mutually …


This paper presents the strategies of the teachers' collectives in the construction of school environments that promote linguistic diversity in urban and rural environments, in Acapulco, Guerrero, and Hopelchén, Campeche, respectively, contexts crossed by processes of migration and discrimination, in particular, towards the speaking population of indigenous languages. It is argued that, because the focus of intercultural bilingual education is limited to rural areas, Education for Sustainable Development (ESD) can be a guide that complements the efforts of teachers in promoting inclusive environments. In turn, the limits of the discourse of sustainability are pointed out, given that it makes subjects such as indigenous peoples as "vulnerable", which requires qualifying them as subjects of rights. As the teaching groups are the first line of intervention in dealing with these dimensions of exclusion, integration efforts from the school contribute to make visible the dimensions that discriminate against the indigenous language speaker population. Not only do they contribute to their integration but also to the exercise of their right to a quality education with equity, according to the Sustainable Development Goal 4.


Speaking of the life of signs is a particular way of speaking of meaning. Meaningful words and sentences are animated in use: they are not mere marks or sounds, but represent or refer to things, and so can be true or false. Here Wittgenstein opposes two accounts of this. The first is that life is 'breathed into' the sign, as it were from outside, as the sign is used; the second is that the use itself constitutes the life. In The Blue Book Wittgenstein puts the same contrast in a way which makes explicit what he means by life 'breathed into' the sign:


N THIS PAPER the failure of the leaders of kinship groups on Rom6num island (Truk atoll, Caroline Islands) to exercise the power inherent intheir positions will be examined and an explanation for this phenomenon will be sought in terms of the social position these leaders occupy. The lineage, or famani, is the basic kinship group on Rom6num and each has a chief who is almost always the oldest non-senile man in the group. In addition, there is also a leader of each adult generation within the lineage who attains his status by being the oldest in his sibling roup. Since there are generally two adult generations i the lineages on Rom6num, what is commonly found is the senior man of the parental generation i the status of lineage chief and the eldest male of the younger adult generation as the leader of his own generational group. Informants were evenly divided as to whether o not the senior man of the younger generation would be lineage chief if he were older than the senior man of the parental generation. Whatever the outcome if such an unusual situation should arise, the informants report that normally the senior man of the younger generation is subordinate to the lineage chief in all matters even if they concern property held by the younger generation apart from the lineage as a whole. The concensus was that the leader of the younger generation could do nothing of which the lineage chief did not approve. Despite these reports of his subordination, bservation revealed that the younger leader asserted himself rather freely while the lineage chief was extremely reluctant toexercise his authority either over the lineage as a whole or over members ofthe lineage as individuals. This held true with respect to matters ranging from quarrels between spouses to the use of lineage property. Furthermore, observation i dicated that the lineage chief was as reluctant to exercise his authority indirectly as he was to use it more openly. An insight into the basis for the lineage heads' failure to exercise much active leadership was obtained from a series of formal, highly structured interviews concerning behavior toward kinsmen which were held with a carefully selected sample of informants. Although the total number of informants who participated in these interviews as larger, for the purposes of this paper the results of the interviews


Recent developments in high-resolution separation techniques based on capillaryscale chromatography and electrophoresis have transformed the analysis of free and conjugated monoand oligo-saccharides. In Capillary Electrophoresis of Carbohydrates, hands-on experts describe cutting-edge techniques in capillary electrophoresis (CE) for the analysis of complex carbohydrates. Written in step-by-step detail to ensure successful experimental results, these readily reproducible protocols provide methods for sample preparation and analysis of monoand oligo-saccharides, glycoproteins, and glycoconjugates. Glycoconjugates, such as glycoproteins and glycolipids, play important roles in cell– cell interaction events, including development, differentiation, morphogenesis, fertilization, inflammation, and metastasis. A number of reports have documented the association of unique oligosaccharide sequences to protein targeting and folding, and in mechanisms of infection, inflammation, and immunity. For glycoproteins, these glycan appendages are the result of extensive coor post-translational modifications of the nascent proteins in the endoplasmic reticulum and in the Golgi apparatus. Although nucleic acids and proteins are copied from a template in a repeated series of identical steps using the same enzymes, complex carbohydrates are formed by the sequential actions of cellular glycosyltransferases that specifically recognize unique substrates. The molecular biology of these transferases and other carbohydrate-modifying enzymes is providing important insights on oligosaccharide recognition events. While it is acknowledged that the definition of the protein complement of cells and tissues (the so-called proteome) remains an enormous task in this postgenomic era, the characterization of all glycans produced by individual organisms (referred to as the glycome) presents an equally important challenge. This task is further complicated by the fact that oligosaccharides cannot presently be cloned. These complex carbohydrates exist in a staggering diversity of structures, linkages, and branching, thus providing an exquisite molecular repertoire for cellular interactions. In view of the challenges facing the carbohydrate chemists, the further understanding of the structure–function relationship of these glycoconjugates begins with the availability of


We report a newborn infant who presented with poor Apgar scores and umbilical artery acidosis leading to the diagnosis of hypoxic ischaemic encephalopathy. During the course of the infant's hospitalisation, subsequent workup revealed an underlying genetic cause that masqueraded as hypoxic ischaemic encephalopathy.


The explosive growth of electronic medical data (EMR) has led to a major unmet need for efficient data retrieval, presentation, analysis, and decision support. We have been developing and evaluating visual-based strategies for efficient organization and analysis of population medical data from multiple sources to study a particular disease and associated treatments and outcomes. We believe the resulting medical record review system will significantly enhance the ability of physicians and clinical researchers to utilize the massive EMR data available to them for improving overall health care.


Nickel nanowires embedded in track-etched polycarbonate membrane filters have been used to impart Faraday rotation on millimeter wave signals with frequencies of 61.25 GHz. A customized apparatus for measuring Faraday rotation was designed and built using quasi-optical components. Experiments were performed to rule out the possibility of measuring reciprocal polarization rotation due to birefringence. Experiments were also performed to ensure that the non-reciprocal polarization rotation, attributed to the Faraday effect, had direct proportionality to the strength of a static magnetic field applied in the direction of the millimeter wave propagation.


The Magnoliaceae is one of the most primitive groups of angiosperms, and it is recognized the multi-purpose plants in the world. In addition, Manglietia is the most primitive type of Magnoliaceae, is the national rare and protected species. This research about Manglietia aromatica Dandy, Manglietia yuyuanensis, Manglietia lucida, Manglietia fadouensis Law, four by genus Manglietia seedlings for 1.5 years materials, is studied about the growth characteristics and diurnal variation of photosynthetic indexes. The results show that the diurnal variation of net photosynthetic rate of different seedling bimodal curve of no obvious, and there are no significant and the lunch break, where NET photosynthetic rate of Manglietia lucida for high, medium-high transpiration rate and water use efficiency;NET photosynthetic rate and water use efficiency of Manglietia fadouensis law low, medium-high transpiration rate; medium-high NET photosynthetic rate and water use efficiency of Manglietia aromatica Dandy, low water use efficiency; medium-high NET photosynthetic rate and water use efficiency of Manglietia yuyuanensis, low transpiration rate. In addition, high relative growth of seedlings and the average daily net photosynthetic rate, transpiration rate a day is sighificant positive correlation, but no significant difference between the photosynthetic physiological indicators.


A growth factor of the EGF family that induces growth and differentiation of epithelial, glial and muscle cells in culture. It binds the receptor erbB3 which will heterodimerize with HER-2/erbB2.


: In this paper, a high gain and directional coplanar waveguide (CPW)-fed ultra-wideband (UWB) planar antenna with a new frequency selective surface (FSS) unit cells design is proposed for UWB applications. The proposed UWB antenna was designed based on the Mercedes artistic-shaped planar (MAP) antenna. The antenna consisted of a circular ring embedded with three straight legs for antenna impedance bandwidth improvement. The modelled FSS used the integration of a two parallel conductive metallic patch with a circular loop structure. The FSS provided a UWB stopband filter response covering a bandwidth of 10.5 GHz, for frequencies from 2.2 to 12.7 GHz. The proposed FSS had a compact physical dimension of 5 mm × 5 mm × 1.6 mm, with a printed array of 19 × 19 FSS unit cells. The FSS unit cells were printed on only one side of the dielectric FR4 substrate and placed as a sandwich between the antenna and the reflector ground plane. An equivalent circuit configuration (ECC) was used to verify the FSS unit cell structure's performance. The simulated results indicated that the UWB MAP antenna and FSS reflector provided a fractional bandwidth of 136% and a high gain of 11.5 dB at 8.5 GHz with an acceptable radiation efficiency of 89%. Furthermore, the gain was improved across the operating band and kept between 8.3 and 11.5 dB. The proposed antenna was in good agree-ment between theoretical and experimental results and offered a wide enough bandwidth for UWB and vehicle applications.


The main aim of the thesis is to create a situational analysis and strategic plan of municipality Ostřesany. The thesis describes the initial situation of the municipality with emphasis on economic, social, demographic and other areas. The work includes the SWOT analysis, vision of municipality development and resources for its implementation. The strategic document determines the main directions of development of the municipality Ostřesany for the period 2016-2026.


Physical and biological soil crusts occupy a wide extension in arid and semiarid areas all over the world. Numerous authors consider Biological Soil Crusts (BSC) as ecosystem engineers in arid lands because they control resource availability, through the regulation of the water balance, reduction of erosion and enhancement of soil fertility via nitrogen and carbon fixation. Evidences exist of the replacement of some types of BSC by other crust types over time and different types have different effects on resource availability. Therefore, the relative abundance and distribution of the different development stages of BSC can be considered as a soil quality indicator which includes information about the dynamic condition of the ecosystem, as well as its degree of maturity and conservation, as BSC extend slowly. The objective of this work is to verify if the physicochemical characteristics in the crust and the subjacent soil get better as BSC development increases, so the distribution of soil crusts (in different stages of development) in an ecosystem will be largely related to soil physicochemical conditions. Two semiarid areas in the province of Almeria were chosen: El Cautivo (Tabernas) and Amoladeras (Cabo de Gata) and the most representative physical and biological soil crusts were identified at both sites. The stage of development of BSC was considered. For each crust type, physical and chemical characteristics for the crust and the soil underneath were sampled and some spectral features of BSC were measured as an indicator of photosynthetic activity, using a portable spectroradiometer. Amoladeras appeared as an ecosystem with improved physicochemical characteristics in the two sampled fractions in comparison with El Cautivo (a badlands area), except water retention capacity, due to textural differences. Furthermore, the deepness of the absorption peak at 680 nm was higher in the BSC of Amoladeras than of El Cautivo. At both sites, water retention capacity, nitrogen and carbon content were higher in the BSC than in the physical crust both in the crust and the subjacent soil. These parameters, also at both sites, increased along with BSC development both in the crust and the in subjacent soil, except for the soil C and N content in Amoladeras.


This study aimed to depict the historical background of Lin Hsien-tang's globetrotting since May 15, 1927 to May 25, 1928. In addition, this study also attempted to present the scenario of Lin Hsien-tang's "Universal Travel", which not only represented the pioneering work of traveling round the world but also advocated the spirit of Taiwanese' globalization and the pursuit of modernization. As drawing the outline of this tour, the motivation and process of Lin Hsien-tang's globetrotting were introduced in the first chapter. Then, sceneries of those civilized countries and their various cultures were respectively illustrated and investigated in different sections of this study. To compare with Lin's manuscript diary, the framework of this study was established with examining the motivation of Lin writing the Universal Travel and his globetrotting; additionally, the influences of Kang You-wei's and Liang Qi-chao's writing on Lin's tour were also evaluated. In regards to the civilization of different countries, views of cities, museums, ancient monuments, and natural scenery parks were all included, analyzed, and then reflected Lin's "ideal civilized country." On the other hand, the descriptions of various cultures were elaborated in different perspectives such as customs, traditions, colonized races, and issues of feminism. This study intended to thoroughly demonstrate Lin's one-year worldwide tour and his "Universal Travel"; moreover, this study sought for the information which Lin endeavored to convey to Taiwanese people.


This paper examines the vortex induced motions (VIM) of a spar type floating production platform in uniform and sheared currents. The large draft of modern production platforms means that in some of the extreme current events the flow past the platform is highly non-uniform along the hull. We discuss the simulation of these stratified flows associated with hurricane events and loop currents and the implications for experiments and numerical simulations. Model testing options are reviewed along with the potential effects of buoyancy due to temperature and salinity variations in the current. Comparisons are made between experimental test results and numerical simulations of VIM at small scale and projections are made to full scale behavior using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) and detached eddy simulation (DES).


In this paper, we developed a new multiple-subject heart-rates monitoring algorithm through a wall using a wireless sensor. We proposed an adaptive heart-rate estimation algorithm to enable continuous heart-rate monitoring. Finally, we demonstrated the proposed theory through experimental demonstration.


Within the index matching framework, the overview of two architectures of liquid crystal (LC)-based lenticular lens arrays developed previously is given. The first type exhibits the polarization-dependent focusing effect which comes from the index matching between a polymer convex lens structure on the bottom substrate and a LC on it. It shows the high quality two-dimensional image and the focusing effect depending on the polarization of the incident light. The second type is capable of laterally shifting the focusing effect in a complementary geometry of a convex lens on the bottom substrate and a concave lens on the other. The lateral offset between the centers of both lenses was one half of lens pitch such that the lateral shift of the focusing effect is spontaneously achieved at either the interface of LC-concave lens or that of LC-convex lens. The two architectures of the LC-based lenticular lenses would be applicable for devising a new class of advanced 2D-3D convertible systems.


Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) is a non-invasive low coherence interferometry technique that includes several technologies (and the corresponding devices and components), such as illumination and detection, interferometry, scanning, adaptive optics, microscopy and endoscopy. From its large area of applications, we consider in this paper a critical aspect in dentistry - to be investigated with a Time Domain (TD) OCT system. The clinical situation of an edentulous mandible is considered; it can be solved by inserting 2 to 6 implants. On these implants a mesostructure will be manufactured and on it a superstructure is needed. This superstructure can be integral ceramic; in this case materials defects could be trapped inside the ceramic layers and those defects could lead to fractures of the entire superstructure. In this paper we demonstrate that a TD-OCT imaging system has the potential to properly evaluate the presence of the defects inside the ceramic layers and those defects can be fixed before inserting the prosthesis inside the oral cavity. Three integral ceramic superstructures were developed by using a CAD/CAM technology. After the milling, the ceramic layers were applied on the core. All the three samples were evaluated by a TD-OCT system working at 1300 nm. For two of the superstructures evaluated, no defects were found in the most stressed areas. The third superstructure presented four ceramic defects in the mentioned areas. Because of those defects the superstructure may fracture. The integral ceramic prosthesis was send back to the dental laboratory to fix the problems related to the material defects found. Thus, TD-OCT proved to be a valuable method for diagnosing the ceramic defects inside the integral ceramic superstructures in order to prevent fractures at this level.


This research was done with the students of Tenth Grade of Basic General Education, Room "A" at "Fernando Daquilema" high school, Riobamba city. This research was to diagnose the autonomous work asymmetry in the English language learning, to know if some students are autonomous and others are not. The population of this research was 32 students. The research work was qualitative through the ethnographic method, which helps to describe and analyze ideas, belief, meaning, knowledge and practices in the students' field.
For data collection a survey was applied and the instrument was a questionnaire, which the data were collected for the analysis and interpretation for the corresponding results. Consequently, the theoretical framework was developed to provide scientific and educational information that allows to contrasting the different point of views of the authors. Finally, it was determined that the autonomous work asymmetry has differences in the academic area.


Thallous sulfate is an extremely toxic substance. Ingestion of 0.2 to 1 gm of this tasteless, odorless powder can be lethal. 1 Rodenticides and depilatory agents that contain thallium are now restricted in the United States, but thallitoxicosis can still present as a diagnostic problem. 2,3 This paper reports thallitoxicosis in four members of one family and describes the results in one patient of treatment with dithizone (diphenylthiocarbazone), potassium chloride, and activated charcoal. The effects of hemodialysis are reported, and the methods used to measure thallium levels are summarized. Patient Summaries Patient 1. —This 56-year-old white woman was the wife of patient 3. A substernal sensation of tightness along with shortness of breath developed several weeks after the death of her mother-in-law, patient 2. Two days later she noted swelling and numbness of her feet and was considered to have an hysterical hyperventilation syndrome. The following day muscle weakness and


Objective:To study the antifungal activity of triazole alcohols by introduction of cyclopropyl as side chain.Methods:Nine title compounds were synthesized and characterized by 1HNMR,MS spectra and element analysis.Eight fungi were used for in vitro anti-fungal test.Results:All of the title compounds showed antifungal activities of different extents,especially to the deep infection ones,and they had a MIC value 0.125 μg/ml against Candida albicans,showing an anti-fungal activity 4 times higher than that of fluconzole and similar to that of totraconazaole.Conclusion:1-(1H-1,2,4-triazole-1-yl)-2-(2,4-difluoro-phenyl)-3-[N-cyclopropyl-N-(3,4-dichlorobenzyl) amino]-2-propanols(6f) has a better activity ratio and is worth further studying.


We simulate a cluster of 144179 stars including 13107 primordial hard binaries (10% of the total number of single stars and binary centers of mass), using direct integration of the equations of motion of all stars and binaries and incorporating the effects of stellar and binary evolution. The initial conditions are representative of young dense star clusters in the Local Group and other nearby galaxies like the Antennae and M82.
We find that the early phase of core collapse, driven by mass segregation, is not appreciably delayed by the presence of a large number of hard binaries. By the end of the simulation, at an age of 115Myr, the cluster radius has expanded by about a factor of two. This may be explained as adiabatic expansion driven by the loss (via stellar evolution) of about 40% of the initial total mass. Binary dynamics apparently has little effect on the early cluster expansion.
During the evolution, the total binary fraction drops at a roughly constant rate of about 0.01% per Myr. The fraction of very hard binaries, however increases at about 0.025% per Myr. By the end of the simulation the cluster contains 37 binaries containing at least one black hole; roughly half (17) of these contain two black holes.


In this paper, a Kalman filter and particle filter based dynamic state estimation method are proposed for nonlinear systems with unknown inputs. In the proposed method, the dynamic states of a generation system are estimated in three stages. At the first stage, the biased states are predicted using unscented transform without unknown inputs. At the second stage, the unknown inputs are estimated using a particle filter technique with phasor measurements and the predicted biased states. At the final stage, the unbiased states are estimated using an unscented Kalman filter method with the estimated unknown inputs. The proposed algorithm is implemented in Korean power system model, and is compared with dynamic state estimation performances of other estimation algorithms with unknown inputs.


THE CRITIC Richmond Crinkley erred in judging Albee's All Over (1971) to be a "play about the end of the haute monde," and "an elegy for a particularly sterile social milieu." The import of All Over is not restricted to a single social class, nor does the play sound, as critics like Martin Gottfried and Jack Kroll thought, the death-knell of Albee as a dynamic playwright. In addition to being, as Henry Hewes attests, an honest and realistic reflection of contemporaneity, All Over confronts, as the title suggests, the endemic trait of all living organisms. Death, the great leveler to a poet like William Cullen Bryant, is, for Albee, man's final confrontation with life. In the play, death is tantamount to a metaphysical conceit, with the death of the body being but one thematic strain. The famous man, whose dying is both a public event for the press and the crowd awaiting word of his demise, and a private ritual for the circle of intimates assembled for the vigil, is the instrument through which Albee explo...


1. A study was made of the onset of transmission and the characteristics of transmitter release from regenerating nerve terminals in frog muscle fibres.


Starting from the Hamiltonian formulation of supersymmetric Calogero models associated with the classical $A_n$, $B_n$, $C_n$ and $D_n$ series we construct the ${\cal N}{=}\,2$ and ${\cal N}{=}\,4$ supersymmetric extensions of the their hyperbolic/trigonometric Calogero-Sutherland cousins. The bosonic core of these models are the standard Calogero-Sutherland hyperbolic/trigonometric systems.


The Planck theory of BB radiation giving the dispersion of EM radiation with temperature has served well in the radiative heat transfer between surfaces at the macroscale. BB stands for blackbody and EM for electromagnetic. Recently, claims based on solutions of Maxwell's equations that BB radiative heat transfer in the near field is enhanced by 3-4 orders of magnitude above Planck theory - if the surfaces are separated by nanoscale gaps. Evanescent waves are thought to transfer the heat as the gaps are smaller than the half wavelength of BB radiation at surface temperatures. However, the Maxwell solutions are questionable because QM precludes the fluctuations necessary to define the temperatures of the surfaces as required by the FDT. QM stands for quantum mechanics and FDT for fluctuation-dissipation theorem. QM denies atoms under the EM confinement present in the gap between surfaces to have the heat capacity to conserve radiative heat by changes in temperature. Instead, conservation proceeds by the QED induced creation of non-thermal EM radiation having a half wavelength equal to the gap dimension that tunnels the heat across the gap thereby allowing Planck theory to remain valid even in the near-field. QED stands for quantum electrodynamics.


W e are pleased to announce that the ethnogeriatrics series is now the Ethnogeriatrics and Special Populations Section. On a regular basis, readers will find articles that highlight groups within the population of older adults. As a regular feature, we can include answers to more of our readers' concerns. We look forward to hearing from you about topics that you would like to see covered. For example, we are currently seeing a large amount of interest from our contributors in identifying group differences in dementia assessment, presentation, and clinical course. This interest is excellent because it means that our readers are alert to the nuances their patients exhibit. I would encourage all potential contributors to broaden their perspectives to other clinical concerns such as incontinence, falls, polypharmacy, and end of life. When a goal long sought has been attained, it is a time for celebration and reflection. Many persons within the American Geriatrics Society have worked long and hard for the recognition of ethnogeriatrics as a critical area requiring the development of a substantive knowledgebase. The brainchild of those efforts has now come of age! We celebrate your achievement and thank you for your support. As this section goes forward, reflect on the following points. Why are we doing this as a Section? Older adults become more heterogeneous with aging. This heterogeneity or difference creates subgroups whose attitudes, practices, and healthcare are highly variable. Life's circumstances— history, economics, family, and healthcare access—further refine differences in health. Identifying and properly managing those healthcare needs is the driving force behind this series. We encourage all members who have a story to tell concerning their special population to consider contributing to this Section. In developing a manuscript, we would encourage writers to explicitly discuss these four items— group identity, the specific medical issue, evidence supporting the need for special consideration, and strategy to address that need. It would also be appreciated by our readership if the presentation would consider limitations of the evidence provided. Groups of interest for the Section include but are not limited to ethnic and racial minorities, persons who share a common historical exposure, and persons linked by common current circumstances. Over time, our readers will come up with many more categories. How will this Section fit into the current debate over the role of race in health care? There is currently much discussion over how much consideration race and ethnicity should be given in medical studies. Data from the Human Genome Project indicate that there are no race-specific genes and that human beings are essentially identical. 1 This evidence has been used to argue that we should not consider race in any of our studies. Data from the Centers from Disease Control and Prevention clearly show racial, ethnic, and socioeconomic variations in the distribution of illness, disability, and mortality. 2 This evidence is used to argue that group-specific studies of health are needed to improve the current status of group disparities. It is clear that there are populations whose healthcare needs are not currently met. In this Section, we subscribe to the notion that, by accumulating rigorously conducted and well-written reports, we can improve health care for all segments. How will this Section improve geriatrics care? This Section will lead to improved geriatrics care in two ways. First, publicizing information about rare populations improves their care in circumstances when providers are unfamiliar with their specific problems. Geriatricians work within panels of patients. By working in this fashion, we have accumulated a depth of knowledge that few other physicians share. Most primary care physicians care for a small proportion of the special geriatric populations that will be highlighted in this Section. By publishing our knowledge of subgroups within the geriatric population, we can improve the care they receive—whether it is provided by geriatricians with specialized knowledge or by the thousands of primary care physicians in the United States. Second, information on a variety of patients is needed to create regulations and policies that are flexible enough to accommodate the needs of all patients. Currently, our policies concerning length of stay, allowable medications, and need for social supports are limited by a lack of information concerning the broad circumstances experienced by older people. 3 This Section will publish reports highlighting these concerns. Those who have worked to make this happen should be pleased. 4 Ethnogeriatrics has come of age and all of geriatric health care will improve.


We present a $^{63,65}$Cu and $^{29}$Si NMR study of the quasi-2D coupled spin 1/2 dimer compound BaCuSi$_2$O$_6$ in the magnetic field range 13-26 T and at temperatures as low as 50~mK. NMR data in the gapped phase reveal that below 90~K different intra-dimer exchange couplings and different gaps ($\Delta_{\rm{B}}/\Delta_{\rm{A}}$ = 1.16) exist in every second plane along the $c$-axis, in addition to a planar incommensurate (IC) modulation. $^{29}$Si spectra in the field induced magnetic ordered phase reveal that close to the quantum critical point at $H_{\rm{c1}}$ = 23.35 T the average boson density $\overline{n}$ of the Bose-Einstein condensate is strongly modulated along the $c$-axis with a density ratio for every second plane $\overline{n}_{\rm{A}}/\overline{n}_{\rm{B}} \simeq 5$. An IC modulation of the local density is also present in each plane. This adds new constraints for the understanding of the 2D value $\phi$ = 1 of the critical exponent describing the phase boundary.