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Jose Mourinho will happily watch the second 45 minutes of this game again.
He will even watch the performance of Eden Hazard despite a missed penalty from the Belgian that saw the game end 1-1 .
But the Blues boss made his dissatisfaction known when he hauled off two of his stars at the break. Even then, things didn't go quite his way when the Slovenian minnows went a goal up, only for Nemanja Matić to claim a point against a Maribor keeper in top form.
Samir Handanović will probably never play better. Mourinho hopes his team does a lot better against Liverpool on Saturday.
"In the first half we didn't play well," he said.
"In the second half and after their goal we played very well and normally we should win the game. But when you don't play well for 19 minutes, you risk and in the last 30 minutes when we played really and intense and creative with a big desire to win, we had lots of chances to do it, their goal keeper was magnificent."
The Special One thought two of his were far from special when Schurrle and Willian made way for Oscar and Diego Costa, but despite a Maribor goal and Matic's equaliser, Hazard squandered a 12-yarder to win the game.
The manager said: "I was not happy with the performances, and I changed it with the conviction that the team was going to improve, which I was proven right.
"But they scored, and a player of my team can miss a penalty and still be the best, so I think we paid a bit the price of not a good first half.
"I think we deserved to win but this referee has a long history from my Italian times but, I don't want to go in that direction, and I don't want to speak about Liverpool."


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Volume 17 Page 14
Vax last summoned a brass dog in chapter 12, to chase the necromancer Tineen.
Vax last summoned a brass dog in chapter 12, to chase the necromancer Tineen.
This comic:
made me think of WPK's "moral physics."
I'm betting she does. Anthem is never without plans. At first I thought the dog had grabbed the end of her sword in the last panel.
Re moral physics etc.: From the point of view of a mathematical system there are things which are directly constrained by the axioms of the system and there are other things that are emergent properties of the system (possibly including souls, moral imperatives and talking ugly sacks of mostly water). But from the point of view of an actual physical universe, there is no such distinction. It's all emergent.
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subset: commoncrawl


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Blog Archives
Happy New Year! The Slatterns Go West
Dear Friends and Loving Family,
As most of you know by now, this year the Slattern family left behind the stress, grime and outstanding bench warrants of New York City for a fresh start in sunny San Francisco! After all that fuss and nonsense about young master Slattern's alleged "hacking" and our subsequent
flight to adventure in Kazakstan, the Slattern clan was feeling the need for some sun and fun, so when a position opened up in the San Francisco sorting facility of the good old USPS, Mr. Slattern jumped at the chance. Sure, it was a lateral, some might even say downward, move, but as you might expect, the taint of a mail fraud accusation — even a baseless, trumped up one — tends to linger, and so the family got behind "the old man" and packed up the truck and a-moved to Beverly. Well, actually Oakland, but you get the picture.
Upon arriving on the left coast, we soon settled into our charming little bungalow by the freeway (handy off and on!). Out here they call this kind of property a "project house," and what a project it's been. Luckily we left the spot welder and acetylene torches back in the NYPD impound room, safely beyond the reach of our family contractor, Uncle Fred. With just a hammer and a handsaw, he worked miracles shoring up the place. I'm pretty sure ours is the only bungalow in the East Bay with flying buttresses, but when the big quake hits, the Slatterns will be ready. "Bring on the tremblers!" says Uncle Fred. Of course there's more than a little left to do, but with only two rooms, the list is quite manageable. Isn't it lucky we thought to hitch that pop-up trailer to the minivan before we left? Between the
shack house, the trailer and the Caravan, every member of the family has a little corner to call his own.
With his domestic tasks complete, intrepid traveler Uncle Fred has begun to explore the city and seems to have found his niche at a little cafe over in the Castro where he spends most days nursing a cappuchino and watching the world go by, happily surrounded by like-minded free spirits. As an added bonus, his inner thigh psoriasis is responding beautifully to all that sunshine. And I'm absolutely thrilled to have finally found a use for all those orphaned socks in the laundry basket!
Grandma, too, has found her "peeps" in the wild west. Upon arrival, it was for her the work of minutes to master the bus schedule and make a beeline for Haight-Ashbury, where she's pretty sure she spent a blissful couple of years back in the Sixties.
You'd think an octogenarian with a walker might have trouble with the transfers, but the old girl says she's "found a new spark." We think the spark is her friend, Mr. M-dot Six, whom she met over at the senior drop-in center. It's so sweet. Every week they take the Cannibis-Rex senior bus to Big Sur together and spend the afternoon chasing trails and chair dancing to the sweet sounds of yesteryear — bootleg Dead, the Airplane, the Stones. Apparently, Mr. Six has the lyrics to Panama Red tattooed on his back, which makes bus sing-alongs a whooping good time.
Between work and his five-hour round-trip commute each day, Mr. Slattern is busy, too. He's finding the workers-first spirit of San Francisco a welcome change from the grind of New York's rigid rules and regulations, and of course the six-hour work day is quite a boon. Between the city-mandated karma breaks and his drive time, he's made real progress with his Kazakh language tapes. As he says, "With this family, you never know when a trip to a Central Asian non-extradition state may be necessary, and next time I want to know how to order a goddamned whiskey and something other than goat." He's such a panic.
Young Master Slattern seems be settling in despite the upheaval and detentions of the last few years. A real trooper, our boy is following his court-ordered technology ban to the letter, which made it much easier to refute last week's loose talk and allegations about connections to the DPRK. Now, instead of working on computers, he spends his off-time at the local gym practicing the martial arts, something called UFC. I'm not sure what it is, but he tells us it's a very spiritual, energy-focused multi-disciplinary sport. We're just glad he's found a new
obsession hobby. As an added bonus, his baby-fat love handles and computer-screen slouch are both things of the past. We are told the concussive damage passes quickly and is seldom cumulative, so it's all good.
As you may have heard, our daughter decided to stay in Kazakhstan as Mrs. Nikolai Nikolaiovich, at least until the twins arrive. Last time we spoke, the newlyweds were planning to join us just as soon as the confusion about Nik's status could be resolved with Homeland Security. Apparently, owing to some business with camels and rocket fuel, his name landed on a watch list, but he is sure it's all a misunderstanding. What else is new for this family?
As for yours truly, I soldier on. The freeway noise, at first a constant sensory assault not unlike living in a running clothes dryer, has become, for me anyway, more like the sound of waves breaking on the shore, a kind of white noise with diesel fumes. It lulls me to sleep at night, and in the morning the jake brakes and air horns gently rouse me from my Ambien-induced slumber. The doctors out here are lovely and generally agree that my alopecia is most likely stress-induced and temporary. They seem to feel the bald spots on my head will start to fill in on their own as soon as the Lithium kicks in. The good news is, no need for another bout of residential treatment — or ECT — for your favorite slattern!
Once again, we wish all our friends and family (even the ones who no longer speak to us, or accept our calls, or send money) a happy and healthy holiday season. For those of you still in touch, we can best be reached at General Delivery, Daly City Post Office. Or through the Red Cross/Crescent. Happy New Year, everybody!
Occupy Hall-give-mas-kah!
Let's beat the whole crazy season into submission by turning October, November and December into one long Euro-style holiday for the 99 percent!
Regular visitors to this yeasty, entirely overheated corner of the blogosphere by now will have noted my less than sunny views on the holiday season. Each year, Halloween ushers in the annual frenzy with a vodka and Twizzler orgy that more often than not ends with me climbing to the roof to burn Martha in effigy, inadvertently blowing up the portable bar or otherwise frightening the children. Soon after, Thanksgiving red-lines my culinary stress meter and pushes my frazzled psyche to the limits of sanity, so that by the time Christmas rolls around, I've been on a liquid diet so long I can no longer tell the difference between a Bloody Mary and a large gazpacho, and even if I could I wouldn't care, as long as there's enough Stoli for my soup. Then like clockwork, on January 2nd it's back to Betty Ford.
Just as predictably, it seems to me, every year the holiday decorations go up a little earlier, the carols start a bit sooner, and the event horizon on my liver transplant slides ever closer. I know I am not wrong about this — the holiday creep, I mean.
And so it was with real horror that I encountered something very like this in the local bookstore. On October 30th. Owing to the unseasonably balmy weather, I was wearing sandals as I passed the festive display of holiday titles, which gave the experience a kind of surreal, even menacing quality.
Imagine if you will an average housewife on an average day. She enters the bookstore on a harmless birthday present-buying errand only to encounter a bewildering array of Christmas paraphernalia — in the month of October. Has she lost three months due to dissipated excess, is she merely a victim of overeager marketing, or are more sinister forces at work? Perhaps she has entered . . . the Holiday Zone.
Sends a shiver up your spine, does it not?
Well, it did mine. So as soon as my purchase was complete, I hightailed it toward home, only to encounter this in my neighborhood. Was it any wonder that, shaken and disoriented, I staggered into the local watering hole, which became a kind of sink hole, and eventually a black hole? At evening's end, Mr. Slattern was somewhat less than pleased at being called to collect me, though he got over it eventually. Thank heaven the man is handy with a stomach pump.
Anyhow, now that my head has cleared and I've taken the pledge — again — my recent experiences have got me thinking, and I have come up with a heck of an idea. Let's beat the whole crazy season into submission by turning October, November and December into one long Euro-style holiday for the 99 percent! Over the three months, we'll all work about one day out of every five, as our Continental cousins appear to, while the one percent (retailers, marketing companies, advertisers) continue to clock-in as usual in a frantic effort to flog the decorations, specialty foods and gifts we can't be bothered to shop for because we're too busy lolling on the beach, sipping espresso in cafes and binge-viewing all five seasons of Fringe in one weekend.
Then instead of discrete holidays, we can just decorate for one. No more changing from jack o'lanterns to turkeys to Christmas trees or menorahs. Just throw it all up at once in October, and take it all down in January. Or never. What difference does it make? Think of all the time you'll save. On October first you can festoon your Christmas tree with tiny pumpkins, dress your dancing Santa up as Dracula and fill your cornucopia with fake severed fingers. Spin your pentagram dreidel, stuff the Thanksgiving bird with leftover Charlestown Chews and Red Vines, bob for drumsticks, go caroling in your Pilgrim get-up. The possibilities are endless. See?


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Is it hard to get a Citi Double Cash Card?
Yes, it is hard to get the Citi® Double Cash Card – 18 month BT offer because it requires a credit score of 700 or higher for approval. Unless your have at least good credit and a lot of income, it will be difficult for you to get approved for the Citi Double Cash Card.
In order to get the Citi Double Cash Card, you will have to meet the credit score requirement, have a steady income and be at least 18 years old. You'll also need to have an SSN.
Keep in mind that even if you meet all of the requirements for the Citi Double Cash Card, you're never guaranteed to be approved.


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By waddy
15 comments
I always take a look on the 'rescue' bench at our local GC, whenever I visit. I bought this cactus for the princely sum of 50p last year. I think it was money well spent :)
- 27 Oct, 2013
- 12 likes
More blog posts by waddy
Previous post: Baking with Grandma
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Well done on your purchase that reminds me mine still in greenhouse with many buds.
These are the only cacti I like and have
27 Oct, 2013
Very pretty that is and it was a good investment...50p!
27 Oct, 2013
It is money well spent and is very pretty.
27 Oct, 2013
Snap ,Waddy, I did the same early last year,,I think they were left over from Christmas,or had already flowered..
It was gorgeous last November ,and same again ,only much bigger now..My flowers are just ready for opening..so lovely ,aren't they? ..We have morein common than we thought Lol. See you Tuesday :o)
27 Oct, 2013
I have a larger one Bloomer...cacti, cacti..it's pale pink like yours and I've had it 3 or 4 years now. It's also in bud now, so no doubt it will be at its best while we're away. Although, the photo doesn't show it, this one is a very deep pink almost red. See you Tuesday.
27 Oct, 2013
Yes, it's a very nice specimen :o)
27 Oct, 2013
I always go the casualty corner and I've had some fantastic bargains over the years.
it's a beauty.
27 Oct, 2013
What a super bargain. I've rescued a few plants myself this year - well done, it's great when you see them coming back to life isn't it.
27 Oct, 2013
Hywel; From you, that's praise indeed!
SBG; It's one of the first places I make for :)
Scottish; Thanks. Yes I agree, it must be the Yorkshire in me lol!
Wildrose; I agree, and thank you :)
Gorgeousma; Thank you and I think so too.
Scotkat; I have a couple of other kinds, but not as many as Hywel. Have you got yours out of the greenhouse yet?
27 Oct, 2013
I like these they are so pretty, I have two that are huge and haven't flowered in donkeys years and two more that are coming into flower at the moment, think I need another window ledge as some of mine are still outside although they are undercover....
27 Oct, 2013
Lincslass, I agree if you PM Bloomer she has the tips for getting them to thrive and flower :)
27 Oct, 2013
Its a beauty, and a great bargain. I have several too - just brought them inside from their summer outside and got buds on the first one. I try to stagger the flowering so as to have them over a long period. (You do this by keeping them dry in autumn and beginning to water when you want them to flower)
27 Oct, 2013
Waddy,most of my tips came from Steragram,who explained it in simple terms :o)..thank you,Sue,and I stopped watering as you suggested,but at the end of September..it hasn't listened,as it started to bud up a couple of weeks ago,and is almost in full flower..maybe it doesn't like Christmas..like it's owner? Lol.No worries,as I won't be spending the festive season in the bathroom :o)
28 Oct, 2013
Oh dear, sorry about that - you must have a very keen one! Maybe stop watering a bit earlier next year?
28 Oct, 2013
Don't be sorry,Sue..it is most welcome whenever it flowers..but to be honest,no sooner had I watered it,than I remembered I shouldn't have,but all your other tips were followed correctly :o)
28 Oct, 2013
Recent posts by waddy
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23 Sep, 2021
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The tradition-rich Hammelburg winery has been run by us, Family Lange, since 2011.
We would like to introduce ourselves (pictured from left to right):
Moritz Lange – our youngest, is carpenter.
Thomas Lange – winemaker has claimed responsibility of the wine cellar and the vineyards.
Ulrike Lange – winemaker. Studied Viticulture Enology and received Dipl.-Ing in Geisenheim. Responsible for marketing and management.
Lukas Lange – our oldest, he is training - carpenter.


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Hindustan Academy, Bangalore Admissions 2017-18
Are you interested in a career in Aviation? Then read this article to know about the programs offered by Hindustan Academy. Learn about the eligibility criteria and admission process at Hindustan Academy
Overview of Hindustan Academy Hindustan Academy is located in Silicon City Bangalore, Karnataka State, India. It is one of the reputed and prestigious institutions in the Garden City. It imparts quality education through its three wings; Hindustan Aviation Academy, Hindustan Electronics Academy (Polytechnic) and Hindustan Business School.
The Hindustan Academy programs enable students to discover their potential and hone their skills for their future career. The courses train them to attain their efficiency, develop interest to achieve their goals in life. Training at Hindustan Academy imparts in-depth knowledge to students and prepares them for tomorrow's world. It equips them to face the challenges to reach their destinations. The programs delivers to students the importance of their desire to learn to reach greater heights in their careers. The courses offered at the Academy are authorized and approved by Directorate of Technical Education, AICTE and Civil Aviation Authorities. The institution provides importance for extra curricular activities for all-round development of the students. It encourages the students to participate in various competitions, quiz programs, debates, seminars, sports and cultural activities. The academy has well qualified, committed faculty with sufficient industry experience to reach out to students with positive learning approaches.
Infrastructure at Hindustan Academy Well-established facilities and infrastructure are provided for all the courses. Workshops includes latest equipment's for conducting experiments. Hands on training provided to students on functional and live aircraft's, engines and with latest automobile lab technologies.Separate hostel facilities are provided for both boys and girls. Allotment for hostel facility is done on first-cum-first basis. The courses at Hindustan Academy provide rich experiences for the students to obtain direct placements. Various companies recruit students to the courses offered by the Academy. Assured placements assistance upon completion of the course.
Careers in Aviation, Engineering & Management
Master of Business Administration (MBA) in Aviation
Bachelor of Business Administration (BBA)in Aviation
Bachelor of Commerce (B.Com)
As approved by the Government of Karnataka
Aircraft Maintenance Engineering
Other Courses
Polytechnic –Diploma Courses
Pass in 10th std (as approved by DTE, Govt. of Karnataka & AICTE)
Documents Required for Registration
Documents Required for Admission
Address Hindustan Academy
No.3776, Ashwathanagar, Marathahalli,
Ph.080-654647129, 65607448, 25238650, 25232217
Mob:8971404357, 9740037853
Toll Free:18004258650


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Saturday 5th October
It was a cloudy morning but the forecast didn't show much chance of rain. That was until we stepped out the door at 10 am! We didn't get too far though before being drawn in to all the wonderful fruit and produce shops just along the street from our front door; it was gourmet heaven! We were on our way to some markets, Marche Maubert, across the river in the 5th arrondissement but decided to buy some dinner supplies here just in case. We dropped them back home and set off again in the rain; this was a bit of a challenge given the number of other folk out braving the weather all with umbrellas aloft. It wasn't much fun.
The markets were about a 20 min walk from our apartment and were well worth the visit. We found one merchant, David, who advised us that he had been part of Maeve O'Meara's Food safari series. He and his mother, Helene Mudry, run a foie gras based business that is world renown and we bought some of his Rillettes Au Foie Ggras to take home to Sydney.
The rain was still enough to be annoying and so we made our way back to the apartment, with a coffee stop along the way.
Our plan for the afternoon was to take a 90 minute free walking tour of the Marais district and that started at 2:30 pm. The rain has eased up a bit and so we left the apartment with a bit of time so that we could check out the shops around the area.
We stumbled upon this great little shop run by a German guy, Alexander, and he sold handbags that he had designed and patented. They were reversible and this allowed for space so that you could carry a bottle of water, bottle of wine or a baguette of bread; the choice is yours. They were fantastic but, sadly, just a little bit out of my price range starting at €400 or $650 AUD. Check out his website at Abby Union and Instagram page @abbyunion.
We met our our guide for the tour and although he kept reminding us he was a professional guide I don't think he mentioned his name; at least not in my presence. He did lead us on an interesting route through the Marais though noting key points of interest so it was worth the while. We now realise the Marais is the heart of the ancient Jewish quarter and, hence, the rag-trade industry that still persists today with lots of fashion and design boutiques but it also has a 'Darlinghurst feel' being the home to the LGBT community and with many Vintage clothing outlets as well as an abundance of cafes, bars and restaurants of all cuisine types.
One staggering fact he revealed was that the price per sq/m in the Marais is 30,000 Euros; one of the most expensive in Paris. Our apartment is 120 sq/m so that makes its value at 3,630,000 Euros! OMG!!!!
As as per usual, here are some other facts that caught my attention during our walking tour:
- Marais: means swamp.
- The King and Bishops worked together to convert swamp to more habitable land during the 13 th century.
- The Marais was traditionally a Jewish area with tailors and, hence, the current focus on fashion.
- During the French Revolution 'saint' was removed from street names.
- Before the French Revolution the wealthy owned 30% of land but payed no tax.
- Paris has the highest density of population of developed cities.
- During WW2 there were 74,000 Jews deported from Paris to Concentration camps. Only 2,500 survived. There were 11,000 children deported.
We wandered back to the vicinity of our apartment after the tour and stopped off at one of the many bars for a drink. Our one beer and one Aperol Spritz was 20 Euros, or $32 AUD so we stuck to just the one. We then went and bought a bottle of red wine and four craft beers for 28 Euros, $45 AUD, and took these home to have with our market-sourced food for a night of dining in.


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Be the grace
Be the peace
Be the quiet place,
In my joy
In my hurts
In amidst my busy thoughts.
Be the first
Be the last
Be the one constant,
In my rising
In my waking
In my rested, restless heart.
Be the strength
Be the source
Be the living water,
In my weakness
In my lacking
In my aching thirst.
Be the everything
Be the all
Be the only.
Be the everything, my everything, be my all in all.
These words I inadvertently composed in my head as I've been working today. They are, I think, semi in response to a few of the verses that have been with me since I read them at the end of last week. They're from the very last chapter of the bible, Revelations 22:
13 I am the Alpha and the Omega, the First and the Last, the Beginning and the End….
16 "I, Jesus, have sent my angel to give you this testimony for the churches. I am the Root and the Offspring of David, and the bright Morning Star."
17 The Spirit and the bride say, "Come!" And let the one who hears say, "Come!" Let the one who is thirsty come; and let the one who wishes take the free gift of the water of life.
21 The grace of the Lord Jesus be with God's people. Amen.
This week the Christian Union at my uni is running an events week (https://www.unexpectedcambridge.com/). We are hoping to make Jesus known to the students around us because we know the beauty of the grace of the Lord Jesus, and it's worth sharing! I'm praying that students across my university would encounter something of this grace this next week.
I pray too that the beauty of this grace, of this invitation to be one of God's people, is not lost on you today.
Lord, thank you that you are everything, our everything, our all in all.


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The Agriculture Fast Track (AFT) Fund is facilitating investments in agricultural infrastructure in Africa by lowering project preparation costs for AFT Grant Recipients. The AFT Fund is a multi-donor trust fund managed by the African Development Bank with funding support from the US government represented by USAID (US$ 14.024 million), the Danish Government represented by DANIDA (US$ 1.823 million) and the Swedish Government represented by SIDA (US$ 7.837 million). It was launched on 8 May 2013 with initial funding amounting to US$ 23.684 million. The AFT is housed at the Agriculture & Agro-Industry Department (AHAI) of the African Development Bank.
Areas of Focus / Sub-Sectors
The AFT will provide grant funding for the initial project development costs of a broad range of agriculture infrastructure projects spanning the entire value chain – from production to market. These can emanate from the private or public sector and from local or international businesses. The types of projects envisioned range from rural feeder roads to agro-processing and marketing facilities to out-grower schemes. The emphasis will be on projects that contribute to food security and support to smallholders.
The AFT can provide support including, but not limited to:
- An environmental/hydrological study for an irrigation system that would support smallholder crop production.
- A marketing plan for an agro-processing facility supported by a nucleus farm and corresponding out-grower scheme, which will create stronger market linkages for smallholders. This would include crops, livestock and fishery products.
- Financial Modeling for a joint venture to establish a crop/ livestock/ fishery products – processing operation focused on smallholder farmers that produce high-quality flour for the domestic market.
- An engineering study for the construction of an extraction and refining centre; a centre which would provide inputs and training to allow new smallholder farmers to enter the supply chain.
Eligible Countries
Agriculture Fast Track Fund has initiated its activity covering 10 African states who are members of the New Alliance for Food Security and Nutrition in Africa: Benin, Burkina Faso, Côte d'Ivoire, Ethiopia, Ghana, Malawi, Mozambique, Nigeria, Senegal and Tanzania. The countries that have entered into agreement with the G8 to refine their policies in order to improve investment opportunities and accelerate the implementation of their country‐led Comprehensive Africa Agriculture Development Programme (CAADP) plans on food security.
The AFT will be extended to other countries joining the New Alliance for Food Security and Nutrition, thus establishing a Cooperation Framework for Food Security and demonstrating commitment in agreement with the G20 countries in order to improve investment opportunities.
Administration and Governance Structure
- Coordination Unit: Responsible for the mandate of the AFT and its daily operations.
- Technical Review Committee: Ensures all proposals meet or exceed the technical, safeguard and fiduciary quality standards of the Bank. Approves grants up to US $500,000.
- Oversight Committee: Comprised of representatives from all contributing donors and responsible for general policy direction of the facility. Approves grants between US $500,000 to US $1,000,000.
How to Apply
To apply for this opportunity, you need to submit your application online. Kindly visit the link below to apply.


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Once upon a time
In my early lurking days, I came across a blog where a mother listed a virtuoso account of her son's destruction, together with photographic evidence. She bewailed the many woes of being a mother to such a child. Much to my [secret] delight, her followers berated her in no uncertain terms. There was mention of terms such as 'lack of supervision, boredom, any attention, even negative attention is better than no attention and my own personal favourite:- where the hell were you while this was going on?' It was a salutary lesson to a pre-blogger. This is not to say that when children mis-behave their parents are always to blame, more that we are often, no matter how unwittingly, co-conspirators in our own demise.
Around here there are lots of parental excuses because we have small brains and feeble jugglers. There are issues about midlines and poor core body strength which we tend to gloss over, especially early in the morning. We concentrate on basic routines, to aim for school on time. The minutiae and the big picture collide. Speech production and psychology are upper most, to set them up for a successful day. Attitude adjustment is a priority. There is no point arriving at school in the negative. If we want them to learn and give their teachers a fighting chance.
It's complicated.
If my son is draped across the table eating breakfast then 'stop slouching!' is not going to build his self esteem. 'Sit up straight' is not a command conducive to building morale. 'Let's see how tall you can sit,' might be better but it's also a distraction from the complex multi tasking of food consumption, sitting and talking. This is especially true when sitting is a new skill, consumption has widened and talking is still a challenge.
It's not merely a question of table manners. It's also discrimination between siblings. Different standards apply which appear unfair.
It's also practical. As food flies around due to poor fine and gross motor co-ordination, spilled milk is a slippery hazard for the elderly. Scattered cereal is a temptation for the dog and puppy training must also continue. Then there is my own perspective. Children bathed in their own breakfast must be washed, as must the entire room and furniture. It's more than sour milk and sour grapes.
If I interject with a verbal irrelevancy, it's means we will never recover ground within the allotted time span. It is simply easier to let the matter drop. Other times, one small minor adjustment can make all the difference.
My words are merely a warning that I shall be laying hands upon him. I move around to the back of his chair to tuck him in, rearrange his body parts and realign the bowl and spoon to a better position as I mutter, "just let me line you up for success sonny Jim."
"Yes dear?"
"I am not being Jim."
"I know dear."
"I am not being sunny."
"Er……yes……sorry about that." I peter out, thwarted by logic, as usual.
"Try, try, try again," choruses his little brother, "itsan idiom."
"What's an idiom dear?"
"If at first you don't succeed." I resist the urge to yawn or slouch onto the soggy table myself. We trot through our regular mantra, which roughly translates to 'I can do it, I know I can.' We repeat them, as saying them out loud is more effective, buoys them up until we approximate cheer leader status, when they pop out of their chairs, ready to take on the world. "Mom?"
"Yes dear?"
"I'm gonna have a succeedful day."
"Oh good!"
"Yeah……I'm gonna be EOTM."
"Er…….EOTM? What does that mean dear?"
"Employee of dah Month."


text:
In the United States, 82% of Latino students graduate from high school. But compared to Latino students, twice as many white students earn bachelor's or graduate degrees. While Colorado has one of …
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In the United States, 82% of Latino students graduate from high school. But compared to Latino students, twice as many white students earn bachelor's or graduate degrees.
While Colorado has one of the nation's most highly educated populations, only a quarter of Hispanic residents have a college credential, the lowest among all groups. Just 41% of Hispanic men at Colorado's public four-year universities make it to graduation, according to recent federal data. At community colleges, less than a third graduate.
Unfortunately, this data is not surprising as we continue to see research on the pressures put on our Latino young men, who lead families while balancing jobs and community obligations. However, I see a brighter and sustainable path for our Latino males to advance — in part because I have lived that same journey.
As an immigrant from El Salvador, my father — who had been a computer programmer in our home country — found tree trimming and landscaping work. At first, I followed in his footsteps, working with my hands in various jobs.
Then, after working as a swim instructor, I realized I loved to teach. But to teach, I had to go to school. So I enrolled in community college but stopped when I got an office job. Until a friend spoke some memorable words: "Don't settle, Ismar, get your college degree." Eventually, I earned my bachelor's degree, then my master's. I taught multicultural and multilingual students like the young person I once was.
Today, my passion is to help people — especially Latino and English-language-learner students — understand that education is the great equalizer. I ultimately joined Western Governors University, an online higher education institution whose unique approach to education makes it more accessible to students from all backgrounds.
I see the same drive I had in the faces of young Latino men. I see a strong work ethic mixed with a commitment to familia and communidad. I see the passion to work hard, but the feeling of being somehow stuck in a rut with no opportunity to advance. We must feed their drive with education, backed by continued support from family and community.
I've observed five obstacles that make it difficult for many Latino students to earn a degree:
1. First-generation students/lack of college culture: Nearly half of Latino students are the first in their families to attend college.
2. Lack of English language or academic skills: In parts of the U.S., one in three families have limited English, making it harder to achieve in school and join college-bound programs.
3. Family pressures: During the pandemic, Latino college enrollment dropped by 7% as many students helped support the family economically or care for family members.
4. Financial constraints: Many Latino students enter college as low-income students. Most work more than 30 hours a week to finance their education. Yet Latinos receive the lowest amounts of financial aid among all ethnic groups.
5. Lack of mentorship: Some students, especially first-generation students, lack a social network to provide guidance and support for challenges along the way.
Whether you are born in the U.S. or elsewhere, whether English or another language is your mother tongue, whether you support a family or live on your own, a degree can be accessible. At schools like WGU, a competency-based approach means you can get credit for your life experience. You can complete the degree as fast as you want — or take the time you need. You are assigned a mentor who gets to know you and helps you find solutions to your challenges. And you can do all this while achieving an undergraduate degree for less than $20,000 total.
That investment is well worth it because education is the surest path to a more prosperous future. Bachelor's degree-holders earn 67% more than those with a high school diploma. Individuals with a bachelor's degree have median earnings of $32.62 per hour, compared to $19.52 with a high school diploma. Over a lifetime, that's a difference of nearly $2.5 million — enough to pay for a home, educate your kids and fund your retirement. And it's enough to remind yourself that you didn't settle but instead opened the door to doing so much more.
All immigrants come to this country for a better life, "para triumfar" or to succeed. I believe higher education is the gateway to achieve that success. There are pathways to get there if we rally behind our young men.
Ismar Vallecillos is the northwest regional director for Western Governors University.
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Sometimes we need protection against life. That's where quilts come in.
The Quilt Story, by Tony Johnston and Tomie dePaola, is a beautiful tale of a quilt made by Abigail's mother. Abigail loved the quilt, used it well, drew comfort from it when her pioneer family moved out west, then put it away in the attic when she no longer needed it. The quilt was discovered by one of her descendants, another little girl, who loved the quilt, used it in games and daily life, and felt comfort from it when her family moved to a new home.
I love this story for many reasons. I mention it here because it describes the way I feel about quilts nicely. On this page it says, "One day Abigail's family moved away, across wide rivers and over a rock-hard trail. The quilt went too. Not stuffed in trunks with the blankets and clothes. It kept the little girls warm from the wild winds. Warm from the rain. Warm from the sparkling nights." The quilt was different from a blanket. It was the thing that brought comfort to Abigail and her sisters, both physically and emotionally. Sometimes store-bought, machine-made versions of a quilt are called "comforters", but they seem to lack the extra measure of comfort brought by the love that is stitched into a quilt by careful hands. Not just any hands; quilts are usually made for people the quilter knows and loves. Those are the true comforters.
The Spirit of God is sometimes referred to as a means of comfort as well. God knows us and loves us and helps protect us from the wild winds, the rain, the cold nights, the upheavals and moves we experience in life. Not that He eliminates the difficult experiences from our path, but He is there with us to warm us and give us the power to endure harsh elements and unwanted changes.
You might remember that I began a quilting project last year. I wrote about it when I was thinking of how Christ helps us exchange beauty for the ashes of this life. Part of this project's purpose was to help me create something nice out of something bitter- to bring comfort to myself. When the rubble has been cleared and the world is more certain, I will describe that in more detail, but not yet.
The quilt is finished so I'd like to share that part with you. The colors and patterns are somewhat more chaotic than I would normally choose, but that was part of the plan for this project. The design for the final hand-quilting is a mix of sunshine, clouds, rain, and stormy seas. The words embroidered on the blocks are Norwegian terms for seasons, weather, and water. The next project percolating in my mind is very peaceful and light and I will share that, too, if it ever gets made. For now, here is the culmination of a therapeutic and successful effort to bring comfort to my own soul. It's called "the winds of change".
Many thanks and much credit go to my mother, Carol, for teaching me how to quilt and opening the door to understanding how to use it for my own benefit. I love you.


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An Analysis: the Doll and Hill study – 'Smoking and Carcenoma of the Lung' (1950) (The Hospital Study)
Today, 16th May 2012, I have copied the below analysis from the original post of 8th May 2012. I have put an entry into the sidebar referring to it to assist any person who wishes to know what the original study contained without too much detail.
The comments are not carried forward – they remain on the original post. At the end of this analysis, I have made some notes about the apparent faults in the Doll and Hill study, most of which originated from the comments to the original post.
UPDATE 10th May.
I forgot to put the URL in for the study itself:
UPDATE 1.15AM 9TH May.
Those who read this post earlier will have observed that the tables were in a mess. After some hours of struggle, I have got them into a reasonable state. It is not possible to get them exactly right. This is because of the different formats used by WordPress and MS Word or Open Office. The corrections should make the post much more readable. I was tired when I published the post. I need to have another look at some aspects.
The Doll and Hill study has been taken apart again and again and I have seen a variety of remarks about it. But I have never before actually 'studied the study'. Over the last few days, I have corrected that situation. I found the actual study on the net and gave it my (very imperfect, but 'what the hell') attention.
Below is my synopsis of the study – take it or leave it. I have tried my best to be non-judgemental and to describe the study as I have seen it. I have also tried to simplify it so that only the main points appear. For example, the female aspects of the study are essentially the same as the male aspects. Some of the Tables are complicated by separating males from females. That just makes the Tables more difficult to read and to understand. And so, I have simplified by eliminating the female figures. There were not many females involved anyway, as compared with the males.
So here we go:
In September 1950, Doll and Hill published an article in the Brit Med Journal entitled Smoking and Cancer of the Lung.
[Henceforth, I shall refer only to 'Doll' for brevity]
Doll starts by referring to the "phenomenal" increase in lung cancer deaths in the early parts of the 1900s. In the quarter century 1922 – 1947, such deaths rose from 612 to 9287. He discounts the increase in the population. He quotes Stocks (1947) which gave an increase per 100, 000 from 1 male person's death to 10 male persons' deaths, between the 1920s and the 1930s (approx), allowing for changes in age distributions.
He then discusses the possibility that better diagnosis is responsible for the apparent increase. He says that the increase was as evident in country districts as in London (where the better diagnostic facilities were located). He also draws attention to similar evidence from large cities elsewhere and locations in Wales. He says:
The large and continued increase in the recorded deaths
even within the last five years, both in the national figures
and in those from teaching hospitals, also makes it hard to
believe that improved diagnosis is entirely responsible. In
short, there is sufficient reason to reject that factor as the
whole explanation, although no one would deny that it
may well have been contributory. As a corollary, it is
right and proper to seek for other causes.
We note, therefore, that he does accept some possible uncertainty due to diagnosis improvements.
He then moves on to 'possible causes of the increase'. He says that there have been two mooted – atmospheric pollution (car fumes, tarmac, etc) and smoking tobacco. He does not discuss the pollution issue, but quotes a number of small-scale studies which implicate tobacco, both here and abroad. He quotes a large-scale study from the USA (Wynder and Graham, 1950) which showed that only 1.3% of lung cancer patients were non-smokers, while 14.6% of general patients (not LC) were non-smokers. Also, 51.2% of LCs smoked more that 20 per day compared with only 19.1% of other patients. This is taken to be a strong indicator that smoking is responsible for lung cancers.
Doll then moves on to:
I propose to quote the whole of the first paragraph:
The present investigation was planned in 1947, to be
carried out on a sufficiently large scale to determine
whether patients with carcinoma of the lung differed
materially from other persons in respect of their smoking
habits or in some other way which might be related to the
atmospheric pollution theory. Patients with carcinoma of
the stomach, colon, or rectum were also incorporated in
the inquiry, as one of the contrasting groups, and special
attention was therefore given at the same time to factors
which might bear upon the aetiology [cause] of these forms of
malignant disease. A separate report will be made upon
these inquiries. The present study is confined to the question
of smoking in relation to carcinoma of the lung.
He states later the number of patients with other cancers, but, after that, does not mention them again in this study.
Twenty London hospitals took part. They were asked to notify the investigators of incoming cancer patients. Not every incoming patient was accounted for, but Doll says that there was no bias in this since the hospital staff knew of the purpose only in broad outline. There was no reason for them to pick and choose.
Incoming patients, suspected of having lung cancer (hereafter described as LC), were interviewed by a researcher. At about the same time, an equal number of non-LC patients were interviewed. These non-LC patients were selected to be in the same age group and of the same sex as the LC patients so that the two groups of people (LC and non-LC) were directly comparable. I shall say here that, later in the report, Doll excludes bias on the part of the researchers on the grounds that they only had a sketchy idea of the detailed purposes of the report.
The research took about 18 months to complete. Altogether, there were 2370 admissions of cancer suspects, but not all were interviewed for various reasons. In the first place, Doll had decided to exclude patients of 75 or older on the grounds that their recollections [of their smoking history?] might be suspect. Other reasons were: too ill, discharged, dead, deaf, and others. In short, the number of suspected cancer patients (ALL cancers) who were interviewed finished up at 1732.
All these variations in types of cancer etc become rather confusing. It is better not to get involved in the 'whys and wherefores' of questioning bowel cancer suspects, for example. Doll said that he had in mind a separate study about the general cancer situation. What we must be aware of is that, of the 1732 persons interviewed, only the lung cancer patients are important in this study.
I am now going to show Table 1. Bear in mind what I have said above about only the lung cancers being important, otherwise, you will be confused by the table:
Disease………………..Confirmed….Other Diagnosis…….Total.
Cancer, lung………………489……………220……………….709.
Cancer, Stomach………….178……………..28……………….206.
Cancer, Colon, rectum……412…………….19………………..431.
Cancer, other……………..xxx…………….xxx………………..81.
Non- cancer (control)…….xxx…………….xxx………………709.
We have already observed that Doll had said that 'other cancers' would be the subject of a separate investigation. I have shown the full table simply to illustrate how Doll arrived at the total number of interviews – being 2475. ONLY THE 'CANCER, LUNG' PATIENTS AND THE 'NON-CANCER CONTROL' PATIENTS MATTER IN THIS REPORT. The bold figures simply draw the reader's attention.That is, only the 709 LC patients and the 709 non-LC patients figure in the report from now on.
It would be reasonable to ask how Doll managed to get his non-LC patients to exactly equal his LC patients! That sort of question pops into ones mind, when confronted with tables of this nature. It is reasonable and natural that it should do so. The answer is that the total number of cancer suspects (2370) is not associated with the number of interviews (1732), or the number of cases (in the above table: 2475). Essentially, these various totals exist simply to approximate the idea that 2000 people represent the whole population of the country statistically (in my view). So how did Doll arrive at exactly equal numbers? Very simple. Only the number of LC patients is an absolute number. The interviewers, having interviewed a LC patient, then found a non-LC patient of the same sex and age and asked them to partake in the study. That is, LC patients were paired with non-LC patients of the same age and gender. Apparently, no one ever refused to partake.
I felt that it was important to explain Table 1 in some detail because it is the only Table which I propose to detail in full. For us amateurs, such tables can be very confusing, and rightly so. The more constituent parts there are in a table, the more difficult it is to comprehend. So let us exclude those parts which serve no purpose as far as we are concerned.
Have we achieved any clear understanding so far? I think so. I think that we have seen that Doll has acquired 709 completed questionnaires from LC patients and an equal number of completed questionnaires from non-LC patients, all equalised in respect of age and gender. In this regard, I must now publish Table 2, which shows the age distribution of people interviewed:
Age……………..LungCancer…………………Non-LC controls.
25 – 29…………………….2…………………………………..2.
30 – 34…………………….6…………………………………..6.
35 – 39……………………18…………………………………18.
40 – 44……………………36…………………………………36.
45 – 49……………………87…………………………………87.
50 – 54……………………130 ………………………………130.
55 – 59……………………145……………………………….145.
60 – 64…………………..109………………………………..109.
65 – 69…………………. 88…………………………………89.
70 – 74……………………28…………………………………27.
Also in Table 2 are social class distributions and places of residence distributions. Both are roughly similar (I have omitted the detail).
One might reasonably ask how such close proximity was obtained. My own view is that far more interviews occurred in respect of non-LC patients as compared with LC patients, and that the age/sex comparisons were 'discovered' at a later date. I do not mean that there was anything underhand – it was simply the easiest way to do it.
At this point, we can say that Doll has achieved his 'starting position'. He has 709 LC patients' questionnaires and 709 non-LC patients' questionnaires, all equally balanced by age and sex.
We can now move on to other aspects.
The assessment of the relation between tobacco-smoking
and disease is complicated by the fact that smoking habits
Right – so what to do about the calculations? Oh dear! Now things become rather complicated:
In this investigation, therefore, the
patients were closely questioned and asked (a) if they had
smoked at any period of their lives; (b) the ages at which
they had started and stopped; (c) the amount they were in
the habit of smoking before the onset of the illness which
had brought them into hospital; (d) the main changes in
their smoking history and the maximum they had ever been
in the habit of smoking; (e) the varying proportions smoked
in pipes and cigarettes; and (f) whether or not they
Oh dear! It cannot be denied that the above sentence has introduced six varying confounders, all of which can affect results to a greater or lesser extent, both individually and collectively. Doll glosses over this problem by introducing a paragraph about what constitutes 'a smoker'. He defines a smoker as a person who smokes one cig per day for a year:
A smoker was therefore defined in this inquiry
as a person who had smoked as much as one cigarette a
day for as long as one year, and any less consistent amount
was ignored.
But the definition of 'a smoker' has little to do with the six confounders which Doll himself has listed above. 'One cigarette per day for a year' is about as meaningful as our cat catching one mouse per week. What is the effect of 'Marcus' (the cat) catching one mouse per week, on average, on the health or population of mices within one square mile of his home territory?
In my opinion, it is not difficult to see how this study is beginning to fall apart. But that is only my own opinion. Too many variables are appearing. Doll tries to defuse this anomaly by reference to certain extra interviews. That is, re-interviewing some people to check that their answers to the questions are not significantly different on re-examination. Here is Table 3:
On second thoughts it is not worth the trouble. It just shows that Doll asked 60 interviewees the same questions again, and that a few of them changed their stories just a little bit, but not significantly. The Table merely shows that some people changed their minds about precisely how many cigs they smoked per day. Only 60 people were involved. This little study was sufficient to confirm that people gave genuine answers, according to Doll. I doubt it, but it is not important.
Excuse my language, but it seems to me that the following Table is the be-all and end-all of this study:
Table 4:
Lung Cancer…………..647………………………….2.
That is the evidence that smoking causes lung cancer. Only 2 of the 709 lung cancer were non-smokers, while 27 of the 709 non-lung cancer patients were non-smokers. That, essentially, is it.
647 + 2 = 649 (622 + 27 = 649): and not 709! Answer? We have excluded the females!
But Doll goes on to break the figures down by sex, age and number of cigarettes smoked. For simplicity, I propose to ignore the female numbers because there were few of them in comparison with the males – 120 compared to 1298. We lose nothing by doing so.
We can now move on to Table 2 (females excluded). This Table merely demonstrates that there were equal numbers of LC patients and non-LC patients.
25 – 29…………………2……………………………2.
30 – 34…………………6…………………………….6.
35 – 39…………………18………………………….18.
40 – 44…………………36………………………….36.
45 – 49…………………87………………………….87.
50 – 54……………….130………………………….130.
55 – 59………………..145………………………..145.
60 – 64………………..109………………………..109.
65 – 69……………… 88…………………………..89.
70 – 74………………..28…………………………..27.
Also in Table 2 are social class and place of residence. The numbers break down reasonably evenly between LC and non-LC people, so I have left the detail out.
It can be seen that there is a 'bulge' in the numbers in the middle age area. Doll explains that later.
Assessment of smoking habits.
Doll explains the difficulty caused by the fact that people change their smoking habits from time to time. This problem was overcome by close questioning. Here are the questions:
(a) if they had smoked at any period of their lives; (b) the ages at which
they had started and stopped; (c) the amount they were in
the habit of smoking before the onset of the illness which
had brought them into hospital; (d) the main changes in
their smoking history and the maximum they had ever been
in the habit of smoking; (e) the varying proportions smoked
in pipes and cigarettes; and (f) whether or not they inhaled.
At this point, Doll defines what he means by 'a smoker':
A smoker was therefore defined in this inquiry
as a person who had smoked as much as one cigarette a
day for as long as one year, and any less consistent amount
was ignored.
He raises the point that people might have difficulty in remembering accurately. To check for accuracy, he re-questions 60 people after six months. He finds that only a very small number of people changed their account, and only in a small way. He gives details of the re-questioning in Table 3. I propose not to reproduce Table 3. It tells us little.
Smokers and non-smokers.
I have already shown Table 4, but I shall reproduce it here:
Table 4:
Lung Cancer…………..647………………………….2.
As I said, I have left out the female element for simplicity.
Amount of smoking.
As I said earlier, Doll now moves on to break down the figures by number of cigarettes smoked. In the first instance, he asks about number of cigs smoked immediately prior to entering hospital.
Table 5 gives the figures:
Disease……….Cigs smoked.
……………..1 – 4……5 – 14……15 – 24……25 – 49……50+.
Observe the bold numbers. Doll's point here is that the Non-LC patients smoked considerably less cigs than the LC patients. For example, in the Table, at the lower end, more non-LCs smoked less cigs than did the LCs. At the other end of the scale, 133 LC patients smoked more than 25 cigs per day, whereas only 71 non-LC patients smoked more than 25 cigs per day. (By the way, he converted pipe tobacco into the equivalent of cigs by a simple formula)
He produces two graphs to illustrate (one for men and one for women). No need to reproduce them.
The next Table concerns maximum amount of tobacco per day ever consumed regularly. Here is Table 6:
Disease……………….Cigs Smoked.
…………..1 – 4…….5 – 14……15 – 24…….25 – 49……..50+.
Again, I have emboldened the figures which Doll considers to be the important ones – those which illustrate the difference in tobacco consumed by LCs and non-LCs. The important thing is to note that, at the left of the Table, the 'light smoking' end, more non-LCs smoke only a little as compared with LCs. At the right side of the Table, the 'heavy smoking end', the opposite is true – LCs smoke more than non-LCs.
Table 7 goes a step further. Doll estimates the total amount of tobacco consumed in the lifetimes.
Here is Table 7:
Disease…………….Total cigarettes consumed EVER.
Again Doll shows that the LCs smoked more heavily than the non-LCs.
Smoking history.
Table 5 showed figures related to most recent amount smoked. Doll says that, since Tables 6 and 7 (total numbers of cigs smoked per day, and total consumed during lifetime) closely relate to Table 5, then he is in order to simply use most recent amount smoked as sufficient measure during the rest of the report. This is because he is now going to examine:
Comparisons of the age at which patients began to
smoke, the number of years they have smoked, and the
number of years they have given up smoking are shown in
Table VIII.
Table 8 has three distinct sections. To make it easier to read, I have split Table 8 into separate sections.
Table 8 (a): (NB. Both male and female patients are lumped together in this table)
Age of starting smoking.
Under 20……………….541 (78.6%)…………488 (75.1%).
20 – 29…………………118 (17.2%)…………129 (19.8%).
30 – 39………………….17 (4.2%)…………….22 (5.1%).
40 +…………………….12………………………11.
(The % for 30s and 40s includes both).
Again, I have highlighted the important figures, which are that LCs started smoking earlier than non-LCs. (Well..the under twenties did – the over twenties didn't).
Table 8 (b):
Number of years smoking.
Years smoking……….LC……………………….Non-LC.
1 – 9…………………..14 (5.1%)……………….18 (7.7%).
10 – 19……………….21………………………….32.
(The % lumps both groups together).
20 – 39……………..351 (51%)……………….338 (52%).
40 +………………..302 (43.9%)……………..212 (40.3%).
The longer people have smoked, the more likely to have LC.
Table 8 (c):
Years stopped smoking.
Years stopped…………..LC………………………Non-LC.
0……………………….649 (94.3%)…………..590 (90.8%).
1 – 9…………………. 30 (4.4%)……………….37 (5.7%).
10 – 19………………….4 (1.3%)……………….14 (3.5%).
20 + …………………….5……………………….9.
(The 10s and 20s are lumped together as a %)
Doll reckoned that Tables (a) and (b) are not very significant, but that Table (c) is significant. Here's what he says:
It will be seen that the lung-carcinoma patients showed
a slight tendency to start smoking earlier in life, to continue
longer, and to be less inclined to stop, but the differentiation
is certainly not sharp and the difference is
technically significant only with respect to length of time stopped.
Perhaps the significant bit is the percentage of the nine 10s and 20s LCs who had stopped over 20 years before as compared with the twenty three non-LCs. He does not say.
Cigarettes and Pipes.
Doll mentions the difficulties of working out the quantities of tobacco smoked by pipe smokers. The figures suggest that pipe smokers do not suffer from lung cancer to the same degree as cig smokers. He suggests that the reason for this is that pipe smokers smoke less tobacco. He suggests that they could be classed as 'light smokers'. He gives little factual info re pipe smoking and there are no tables.
The great statistician, Fisher, was not very happy about the way in which Doll brushed aside the indications given by the replies to his questions about inhaling. Remember that all the patients who smoked were asked whether they inhale or not, so we are not talking about some small percentage. Thus, any findings about inhaling are just as important as any others, if not more so. Here are the figures quoted in the study about the percentage of inhalers in the two groups:
(Not a table in the report!)
Patients……………..inhaled………………did not inhale.
Non-LC (650)……….67.2%……………………32.8%.
Bearing in mind what I said about ALL the patients (both LC and non-LC) being involved, the difference in the percentages cannot just be lightly brushed aside, as Doll attempted to do. In this case, I shall quote the whole paragraph about inhaling:
Another difference between smokers is that some inhale
and others do not. All patients who smoked were asked
whether or not they inhaled, and the answers given by
the lung-carcinoma and non-cancer control patients were
as follows: of the 688 lung-carcinoma patients who smoked
(men and women) 61.6% said they inhaled and 38.4% said
they did not; the corresponding figures for the 650 patients
with other diseases were 67.2% inhalers and 32.8% non-inhalers.
It would appear that lung-carcinoma patients
inhale slightly less often than other patients.
However, the difference is not
large, and if the lung-carcinoma patients are compared
with all the other patients interviewed, and the necessary
allowance is made for sex and age, the difference becomes
Fisher did not agree that the difference was insignificant. In fact, he said that inhaling seemed to be protective to a certain extent. That may be so, but what bothers me is Doll's apparent attempt to brush the matter aside. Does that imply a certain bias?
It is interesting to note that the question about inhaling was dropped from the much larger Doctors Study which followed.
The statistical facts upon which Doll bases his case that smoking causes lung cancer are now concluded. In the next section of the paper, Doll addresses various 'objections' which might be raised against his results, such as bias of one sort or another.
Interpretation of the results.
In this section, Doll deals with various potential confounders and biases. Here is Doll's list:
- Could the LC patients in the study have not been truly representative of LC patients generally?
- Were the non-LC patients truly comparable?
- Could the LC patients have exaggerated their smoking habits?
- Was there bias among the researchers?
He produces Tables 9 to 14 which purport to show that there was no bias. I do not propose to reproduce them. Suffice to make the following comments:
As regards 1:
A number of patients came from areas outside London proper. This was to be expected since the better hospitals for treating cancer were in London. But Doll had figures for District hospitals ('local feeder' hospitals, one might say). Table 9 gives these figures. These figures show that LCs smoke more than non-LCs, even though there are only a few people involved, in much the same proportions.
As regards 2:
Doll produced Table 10. This table shows the proportions of number of cigarettes smoked by people suffering from conditions other than LC, such as heart disease. He says that the proportions are OK.
As regards 3:
I haven't seen this question actually addressed.
As regards 4:
Doll goes to some trouble to show that his researchers were not biased. Tables 11, 12 and 13 refer.
Table 11 is concerned with the question of whether or not the researchers chose light smokers. He shows that hospitals referred lots of light smokers, but researchers chose heavier smokers.
Tables 12 and 13 are tricky. They show that researchers truly recorded what patients said. Thus, in the cases where researchers interviewed people thought to have lung cancer and subsequently found not to have lung cancer, the researchers truly recorded that their smoking was 'light'.
By the above explanations and tables, Doll showed that there was no bias.
We now come to the final section – The Discussion.
The first para says that bias can be discounted. Doll concludes that there is a real association between smoking and LC. An interesting observation, however, is this:
Further, the comparison of the smoking
habits of patients in different disease groups, shown in
Table X, revealed no association between smoking and
other respiratory diseases or between smoking and cancer
of the other sites (mainly stomach and large bowel). The
association therefore seems to be specific to carcinoma of
the lung.
Now is that not interesting? The archbishop (or even pope?) of tobacco control said that his study showed that smoking only affects lung cancer and nothing else!
There are some tricky arguments in 'The Discussion'. How about this one:
If it be assumed that the patients without carcinoma of
the lung who lived in Greater London at the time of their
are typical of the inhabitants of Greater London
with regard to their smoking habits, then the number of
people in London smoking different amounts of tobacco
can be estimated.
What!!!! Sick people, many of them aged and damaged, can be regarded as typical of the whole population of London, young and old? Is this guy out of his mind?
Frankly, I have had enough. What he says in his 'Discussion' is neither here nor there – it is just his opinion. There is in fact a lot of speculation in the 'Discussion'. I have found that difficult to read and understand. At the moment, the mixture of statistical inferences and speculation has defeated me. But I shall come back to it tomorrow and figure it out.
For now, I shall 'publish and be damned'.
Taken mostly from comments. These are very briefly put. People should refer to the original comments on the posts for more detail. The posts in question are dated between xxx and xxx.
1. Doll gave the impression in his study that he was not personally involved in gathering data, but he admitted later to being involved in certain re-interviews.
2. London was not representative of the population of the UK at the time. There was a significant excess of bronchitis, pneumonia and tuberculosis there at that time.
3. The influence of gassing with mustard gas of soldiers in WW1.
4. The apparent 'stupendous' increase in lung cancers (hereafter referred to as LCs) must have had some of its origin in much improved diagnosis.
5. Doll made no attempt to compare 'life experiences' such as occupation, war and forces service, genetic and ailments history, etc.
6. Lack of representation in LC cases of older people.
7. Inhaling protective?
8. Exclusion of over 75s.
9. LC a 'modern' disease? Smoking had been going on for 300 years. Why the apparent sudden increase in LCs? Diesel fumes? Heavy industry? Air pollution?
10. A misclassification (of lung cancers and non-lung cancers which mimic lung cancer) error of only 1% would render Doll's figures statistically insignificant.
11. Doll said that the increase in LCs was 'stupendous', but the reality was that the occurrence of LC was 'stupendously' small as a proportion of smokers.
12. Contrary to what Doll claimed, his figures show that not enough persons in LC wards from older age groups and from heavier smoking patients. The highest number of patients were in the middle-age group and in the 15 – 24 cigs-per-day group. Numbers of patients should have been greater in the 'higher smoking for longer' groups than was seen.
13. This is a bit complex. 99% of LC patients were smokers and 96% of non-LC patients were also smokers. But the percentages depend upon Doll's definition of 'a smoker' as 'one who smoked at least one cigarette per day for as long as one year'. Doll would defend this definition on the grounds that he used the same definition for both groups – LCs and non-LCs. Thus, he was comparing like with like. Did he therefore exaggerate the number of smokers by setting the definition so low? The answer is indirect. It does not matter since people who tried smoking for a little while would appear in the 'given up smoking for X years' table! The fact is that hardly anyone at all had stopped smoking, therefore, the definition was irrelevant – people either smoked or they did not. Very few people appeared in the 1 -4 cigs per day group in the table. I had understood that only some 60% of the population smoked around that time – 1950. But how many of the male population smoked? I have read that it was about 95%! ALL THE MORE REASON THEREFORE TO BELIEVE THAT THERE OUGHT TO HAVE BEEN VASTLY MORE LUNG CANCER PATIENTS THAN THERE WERE, IF SMOKING CAUSED LUNG CANCER.
Comment on this page is disabled. It is intended just to be a record. If the reader wishes to comment, by all means do so. Whatever subject I may be talking about in any given post, if you wish to comment on this analysis, do so. Merely say that your comment is 'about the hospital study analysis'. No problem at all.


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What are infographics
Before we start list of best free infographic submission sites let`s have small introduction of what are infographcs.
An infographic is a visual communication intended to increase focus, and improve understanding of the message using graphs, charts & graphics.
It's a visual picture which has information or message in the form of graphs, charts, graphics which makes massage easy to understand.
If added to an article infographic makes it interesting to read or understand.
infographics are more interesting from lengthy posts or articles, and it's easy to understand for human mind as processing rate of visual content such as images, graphics are much higher than processing rate of text or words.
Because of this reason, people engage more with infographics than ordinary text.
How Infographic Submission Helps in SEO
Search engines can only understand texts, not graphics or images.
Then you must be thinking then what's the benefit of making an infographic and infographic submission.
The main benefit of making infographic is the chance of getting a top quality backlink and social media shares. However, creating a high-quality infographics needs a good amount of time.
We can say submitting infographic is one of the perfect ways to get Backlink as well as referral traffic. You can submit the same infographic to many websites.
You don't need a unique infographic for every website as we need unique content in case of writing a guest post.
However, it would help if you write a quality description for every single infographic submission website you are going to submit.
Backlink from submission website is not high-quality backlinks most of the times.
However, As per research Sharing rate of infographics is more on social media as compared to any other type of content online
Moreover, in case, your infographic goes viral in that case you can get a top quality backlinks otherwise you sure can get a link from infographic website which I am going to mention later in this article
So Here is Best Free Infographic Submission Sites List
Slideshare is the most popular infographic submission websites. Linkedin owns it.
On Slideshare you can submit presentations, PDFs or any other documents here.
You need an account on SlideShare if you want to submit your infographic here. You can also use your LinkedIn account
Alexa ranking of SlideShare is 151, SlideShare has a large number of users.
So you can get many views from there high user base. It's an excellent place to submit your infographic.
2. Visual.ly
Visual.ly connects journalists, designers, animators, and programmers to customers.
You can not only submit your infographic here. Moreover, you can hire a professional graphic designer, writer, an animator from them to create videos, books, presentation & infographic for you.
submission infographics on Visual.ly is free. However, You need to Create an account before you post on Visual.ly.
Here you can make, share and sell your infographic. You can also use its analytical tool to analyse the performance of your infographic.
It enables you to create your infographics. It's among the best infographic submit websites.
3. Infographic Reviews
On this infographic website, you can get reviews & rating for your infographic.
It will give you a level or rating from 0 to 5 for your content and its capability to influence your targeted audience.
After getting a review, You can improvise your infographics to find the best possible outcomes later. Furthermore, The community on the website can assist you in generating amazing infographics.
4. Infographics Archive
Infographic archives started by programmers and designers with a deep passion for producing and promoting Infographics.
They have links to the worlds greatest Infographics and information visualisation on the internet.
They don't offer free entry. Their entry price is $20 they have three plans $20, $34, $44. After submission, they publish infographic within 2-3 business days.
5. Graphs.net
Graphs.net is a website where you can find lots of information visualisation and innovative infographics. this website offers the hottest infographics on various subjects
Based on the content, infographics are selected in various categories, and the hottest infographic displayed on the top of every category.
They have a free and paid plan. By choosing a paid plan, you can speed up the release date of your visual & can receive an SEO-friendly backlink.
However, in the free plan, you will be asked to wait a week or even longer for publishing your infographic.
6. Infographic Journal
Infographic Journal is a simple infographic submission website.
They have three plans by which you can submit your infographic, Basic- Free, Express- 25$, and Featured-75$.
The basic plan takes a couple of weeks to publish your infographic when approved.
The express plan takes just one day to publish your infographic.
In the Featured plan, your infographic is going to be shown on their homepage for seven days at the cost of $75.
7. Cool Infographics
Started in 2007 Cool Infographics has a large number of significant examples of information visualizations and infographics found in newspapers, magazines, and online.
The site has rapidly become among the very best websites for the infographic design & submission.
8. Pinterest
Pinterest is the largest platform to submit pictures and infographics.
It has a massive audience.
To submit your infographic, you need to make an account on it.
Pinterest is free to use, however just like any other social networking; you required an account to begin using it.
You need to fill details like your name, age, sex, language, and state plus you need to select a minimum of five categories to follow to ensure Pinterest can begin showing you customised pins according to your interests.
9. Flickr
Owned by Yahoo, Flickr is next in the list of Best Free Infographic Submission Sites.
It's a platform specially designed for designers and photographers. Flickr is an online community where you can not just share pictures but also can discuss, share your views or get reviews from the community.
It's an Alexa ranking is 354. You can register on this site and produce your record and start sharing your infographics.
Though this site is primarily for photos sharing, sharing infographics isn't a huge deal here however you can upload infographic no restriction on that.
10. Reddit
Reddit is next in the list of Best Free Infographic Submission Sites.
It is a top-rated infographic submission website and visited from all around the world.
If you're seriously interested in making your infographic go viral, then you have to take this site seriously.
It is possible to submit your infographics on this site in simple steps, and you do not have to be a geek to accomplish this.
The web site has a user-friendly interface that's simple to use. Its Alexa ranking is 21.
11. uCollect Infographics
Ucollect is another infographic submission website which shares the best informative infographics & visualisation from all around the world.
You can only submit one infographic in free plan & submission takes 3-15 days.
However, in the paid plan, you can submit unlimited infographic. Visit their website for more info.
12. Fast Company
Fast company is among the largest brands on the internet with a massive audience.
There's not any specific section for infographic entry.
However To publish an infographic, contact right through their email address.
Ensure that your infographic is valuable and informative .
13. Infographic Bee
Infographic Bee is the place where you can find beautiful infographics,
You can also submit your infographic at no cost if you can wait for several weeks or you can select express review however you have to pay $9.95.
You can find the "Submit Infographics" link on the left sidebar. Click that and complete the form.
You will be directed to PayPal which you can skip and move to the free entry if you do not want to opt for an express review.
14. Infographaholic
Infographaholic is one of the high traffic infographic directories on the internet; It has many different categories like advertisements, nonprofits, video, and much more.
Submitting your infographic is simple. Just click Submit, on the menu, and complete the form.
They are only accepting 500px wide infographic. Otherwise, they will not get featured.
You can choose from three plans- Free, 10$, 20$ plan.
15. Daily Infographic
At Daily infographic, they choose one infographic daily as "Infographic of the day." Through this strategy, they have managed to collect a following of thousands of subscribers each month. Every entry gets at least a few thousand views.
Submitting your infographic is not hard.
Just visit their Work with us / Submit a Design Request section, and complete the form.
This website gets tons of submissions every day, so try to distinguish yourself from the rest. You can also contact them. if you want new infographic designed.
16. Mashable
Mashable is a digital media website founded by the Pete Cashmore in July 2005, is currently the top source for news, information & what is happening on the world wide web at the moment.
To submit your infographic to mashable go to mashable.com/submit/.
17. Behance
Behance has a large number of designers from all around the world to showcase their most recent work.
If you have designed infographics that you are proud of, then you can showcase there and get a high-quality backlink. It's free & they don't have paid plans.
So let's discuss in detail what are Benefits of creating & submitting an infographic
1. Impressive & Eye-Catching
Infographics are good for compiling a big size of information into a single easy-to-understand graphics format.
It's great to look at. Your readers will enjoy the graphical representation of information as it's easy to get information from.
2. Great for search engine optimization
As stated previously, visuals are far more share-worthy than general text content.
Moreover, not just are people more inclined to talk about your infographic, the search engine also sees it shareable and will likely give your page a higher position.
3. Creates More Traffic
What is the purpose of great content if you don't get readers attention.
Through infographics, your viewers can quickly scan the information, receives the message that you are trying to give, and remember it long after they leave the page.
The impressive and influential infographic can drive more visitors to your site. People like and share visual content more.
Infographic makes your content shareable so you can get referral traffic from the submitted infographic.
4. Mobile and Embeddable
the most significant advantages of infographic are its mobile and embeddable layout.
With the help of embeddable code, people can share your articles by copying it directly on their webpages.
The embedded infographic will then can give a backlink and referral traffic
If you present your article through an infographic, you are not just positioning yourself as an expert
you are also raising your brand's influence.
The process needed to make a great infographic requires knowledge, time, and expertise, something that your readers don't get have until an authority give it to them.
Infographic submission is an excellent way to get a backlink and referral traffic as well as Infographics are a terrific way to influence your audience in a significant way.
In case you've any complicated message to communicate then think about using infographics and information will be simpler for your audience.
You can use the websites mentioned above for submitting your infographics and boosting its reach. All these are highly credible sites.
If any of the above website not working tell us in the comment section. Furthermore, if you know another high infographic submission website, then please discuss it together so that we could add it to our list of free infographic submission sites.
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13 Best Adsense plugin for WordPress
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9 Free CDN for WordPress to Speedup & Secure Your Site


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Day 1
Got ourselves to Boston and had a day of exploring before hopping a plane to the Azores!
Landed on Terceira Island and greeted by amazing guides who were super organized and amazingly sweet.
First things first. Gotta grab pastries. Off to O Forno Bakery for Bolo de Amelia (Amelia Cakes). Delicious, has a molasses feel to them. Then grabbed some tapas and sangria at Tasca das Tias. Learned portions in the Azores … kinda big.
Shopped at Mango and at some pharmacies then grabbed dinner at Beira Mar for some pretty fresh seafood. Again HUGE portions!
Day 2
Actually the portions were so big, we ended up having leftovers for breakfast, refreshed and presented by DiOgo. Here's where our decision making comes into question. We decided to go on a Level 1 hike. Easy peasy right? OH, very wrong. This was the most intense "level one" hike we've been on. There were definitely loose rocks, sheer drop offs and steep climbs around but we made it! (even though we weren't goats) Lots of complaining Americans, haha but all in good fun. Had some bolo levedo as an after hike snack.
We caught a beautiful procession in town to celebrate the Virgin Mary. Afterward, discovered Marcelino's. I don't really even like steak but the steaks here are so tender and melt in your mouth. Also, how can you not love this guy?
Day 3
Plan of attack: head back to O Forno bakery but sadly it is closed on Sundays. Most places were closed so we ended up walking around the marina instead. Also saw "the most complete Azorean cultural museum". Caught some live music/classical guitar and tapas for dinner.
Day 4
Today was our full day tour of the island. We bought a lot of cheese and wine and headed back to say hi to Marcelino! Mmm. Came back fat breathing.
Day 5
Today was able to make it back to O Forno for Ameila Cakes before flying over to Sao Miguel to see Sete Cidades where the water is 1/2 blue and 1/2 green.
Had dinner at Mariserra and thought we had figured out the portions. Ordered half the dishes but agreed to a special side dish, which literally turned out to be a cauldron full of rice. It was delicious and we had more leftovers.
Day 6
Got to go to Furnas Lake today!!! Had Cozida in Furnas an amazing stew brewed underground all day and walked along the Pico Do Ferro.
Time for thermal pools at Poco Da Beija! I just love hot springs. We were the last ones to get back to the bus. Ended the day with a wonderful day at the Cha Gorreana tea factory. Made our way back to Terceira Island with tons of jams, breads, cheese and wine then had trouble packing them back up to go home. The Azores were amazingly friendly, full of beautiful nature, more than generous portions of delicious food and a great escape!
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License. Based on work at www.janeim.com and www.imcompoop.com.


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Welcome to the Seeds Network website. This is an archive site to preserve some of the history, documents, songs, poems, and reflections from the Seeds Network.
The Seeds Network comprised, at its largest, 5 small communities of people who chose to move into socially and economically disadvantaged neighbourhoods in the state of Victoria, Australia. Their aim was to live out the spirit of Christ in those neighbourhoods, in accordance with a 'covenant' of common commitments.
Here you'll find some info about our different mobs, our important documents, liturgy, and occasional notes from our meetings.
Our 'life' is best found in the discipleship of people shaped by the connections, conversations and commitments that the Covenant enabled, and continued to enable for some. Some of us have blogs which express some of our passions, and you can find them here.
God of Dishes by Andreana Reale (Seeds City)
The People's Table by Marcus Curnow (Seeds Footscray)
Thinking My Way Through by Dave Fagg (Seeds Bendigo)
Wonderful Awful Things by Christop Booth (Seeds City)
itellyouarise by Talitha Fraser (Seeds Footscray)


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Kendrick Lamar - Damn (Album Stream)
By: Bekoe
Kendrick Lamar Damn album is now available!
Well Damn Kendrick Lamar truly shows us his "Humble" ways, while leaving his "DNA" all over a classical album. To all the fans that show "Loyalty." This album definitely put Kendrick in an even higher "Element" of "Feel" good music. Have no "Fear" hit play below and stream it via Apple Music, Don't spread the NOiZE!
Side note
All words in parenthesis are some of my favorite songs on this album.
March 2023