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The Dynasty Guru's Top 200 Starting Pitchers, #31-60
Despite a scorching hot stove (I can't believe the player you're thinking of did or did not sign with the team you thought they would!), January and February can be some of the darkest months of the year (figuratively and literally). But fear not, restless readers. The Dynasty Guru is here to the rescue.
While you were celebrating the holidays and ushering in the New Year, our brave group of writers has been ranking, debating, re-ranking, re-debating, and re-re-ranking over 600 players for dynasty leagues. The fruits of our efforts will be filling January and February with the deepest, most thoroughly and painstakingly selected dynasty baseball rankings on the internet. We have top-50s, top-125s, top-200s, top-500s (of course!), and even ultra-deep prospect rankings. PLUS, this season we're including a "Where They'd Rank" section, that outlines where we would put multi-positional guys if we ranked them at their secondary positions.
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Without further ado, it's time to continue our 2019 consensus rankings by looking at our 31-60 dynasty starting pitchers.
31. Carlos Martinez, St. Louis Cardinals (Age: 27, Previous Rank: 10)
Martinez falls from last year's rankings quite a bit due to a campaign filled with injury and an end of the season switch to the bullpen. He's still young, has been an elite starter before, and now that he's healthy will go back to being the Cardinals Ace. There is a lot of upside here for close to 200 Ks, strong ratios, and above average wins for a good Cardinals team. Just be wary that with the Cardinals pitching depth he could easily get switched back to the bullpen if he struggles with injury again. He could be used in a similar fashion as Dodgers use Kenta Maeda. (Kyler Jesanis)
32. Brent Honeywell, Tampa Bay Rays (Age: 24, Previous Rank: 34)
Even after missing all of 2018, Honeywell still moves up our list. What does that tell you about the state of dynasty pitching? Honeywell is a great prospect to invest in for his combination of floor and ceiling. Given the quality and depth of his repertoire, he is unlikely to be less than an SP4 and has the ceiling of an SP2 in fantasy leagues. While he is a Ray, he seems unlikely to fall prey to the Opener as he has the stuff to get through an order 3 times. Don't fall for prospect fatigue or overstate the difficulties of coming back from Tommy John; Honeywell is a great target. (Kyler Jesanis)
33. Sixto Sanchez, Miami Marlins (Age: 20, Previous Rank: 51)
Are you looking for more ceiling than Honeywell offers? Sixto is your guy. He has premium easy velocity in the mold of Noah Syndergaard, two off-speed pitches that project to be plus in his curve and change, and an average slider that gives his repertoire depth. Add that all in with a great athlete that should have good command and control, and the upside here is someone who could be a fixture in our top 10 for a long time. What's not to love? Well, his size is not ideal at just 6'0″, but it shouldn't concern us too much in fantasy as the stuff is good enough to start (he's a similar size to Carlos Martinez). He also has injury concerns, as he has yet to throw 100 innings in a season and only threw 47 in 2018 while battling elbow issues. Our resident injury expert, Dr. Mike Tanner, has said he is all but a lock to have Tommy John. So Sixto isn't for the faint of heart as it could be a while until he pays dividends. The trade to the Marlins portends to him being healthy at the moment, which is a positive. The potential outcomes for Sixto are a perennial SP1, a high strikeout SP3 who you can only count on for 120-150 innings a year, or succumbs to injuries enough that he transitions to the bullpen and becomes an easy top 5 reliever. Other than needing patience, where's the downside in those outcomes? Sixto is the best Sanchez to play baseball since Pablo! (Kyler Jesanis)
34. Michael Kopech, Chicago White Sox (Age: 23, Previous Rank: 32)
Kopech is going to miss all of 2019, and only falls two spots? Again, see the landscape for dynasty starters. Good things come to those who wait, and Kopech is worth waiting for. His Triple-A numbers last year were very fantasy friendly, and while the surface numbers don't look great he showed a lot of promise in his MLB debut. When he comes back, he is likely to be a high WHIP, high strikeout SP3 with upside for a bit more if his command develops. If you're rebuilding, he's a great buy low. (Kyler Jesanis)
35. Alex Reyes, St. Louis Cardinals (Age: 24, Previous Rank: 28)
Reyes has only thrown 27 innings the past two years (Ouch!), and there have been rumors circulating that the Cardinals will transition Reyes to the bullpen for over a year now. That said, the upside here is still immense. Reyes is expected to fully recovered from his back injury. The stuff here is still premium, and a combination of injuries/TINSTAAP advocates/prospect fatigue give owners a decent chance to buy low. "The potential outcomes for Reyes are a perennial SP1, a high strikeout SP3 who you can only count on for 120-150 innings a year, or succumbs to injuries enough that he transitions to the bullpen and becomes an easy top 5 reliever. Other than needing patience, where's the downside in those outcomes?" (Kyler Jesanis)
36. Mike Soroka, Atlanta Braves (Age: 21, Previous Rank: 58)
Soroka has been a prospect I have been in love with for a while, as I thought the "He's a better real-life prospect than a fantasy one, low ceiling high floor pitcher" narrative pushed his value lower than his talent. The main cause for dynasty owner's concerns would be a low K/9. That held true in his debut as it sat at 7.36, and his total K% at 18.6%. That said, it was a small sample of only 25 innings and his sw/strk% suggested he should have had a higher K% rate. He induced a similar number of swings and misses as Zack Greinke, Mike Foltynewicz, J.A. Happ, Jameson Taillon, and Zack Wheeler. Are we complaining about any of their strikeout totals? Soroka seems like a good bet to be an SP 3 for a long time given the quality of his repertoire, his competitiveness, pitchability, and until his shoulder injury had a track record of being durable (famous last words). Soroka is more valuable than you think, as a long career of being 2018 Jameson Taillon is in reach. (Kyler Jesanis)
37. Kyle Freeland, Colorado Rockies (Age: 25, Previous Rank: 86)
Raise your hand if you saw Kyle Freeland's 2018 coming? Put it down, you liar! Freeland was outstanding for the Rockies and for fantasy owners alike. Putting up over 200 innings with a sub 3.00 ERA, a decent 1.25 WHIP, and the 30th most strikeouts in baseball. While it was a great year, there are some red flags for dynasty owners. His SIERA/FIP/XFIP/DRA all say he overachieved by a wide margin. Only Blake Snell, Mike Fiers, Jon Lester, and Julio Teheran outperformed their FIPs by a wider margin than Freeland. Regression is coming, as Freeland is unlikely to main an 83% LOB or his .285 BABIP pitching in Coors. Even his hr/fb rate is likely to climb. That said, all this negativity might actually create a buying opportunity on one of 2018's best surprises. A long career of a guy with a high 3.00s ERA, a tolerable WHIP, playing on a good team, and top 35 total Ks (because of inning volume) is generally an underrated asset in fantasy circles. The inning total in particular is becoming rarer by the year. 2018 was a career year for Freeland, but he will be good and good for a while. (Kyler Jesanis)
38. AJ Puk, Oakland Athletics (Age: 24, Previous Rank: 36)
Puk is another personal favorite of mine. He has had an enormous amount of hype surrounding him since college (maybe even high school). He went into his draft year as a virtual lock to be 1.1, but struggles a bit. Because Puk hasn't lived up to expectations/pedigree, he is a touch undervalued in dynasty circles in my opinion. Sort of like how when Stephen Strasburg was devalued because he was merely really freaking good instead of the Baseball God he was hyped to be. Puk has absolutely dominant stuff, the main problem is with his massive size and long levers can make his command/consistency sporadic. He will have a high WHIP, but his stuff is just so flat out dominant he will be a high K high WHIP SP3 at worst and an SP 1 at best. Buy now while his value is depressed as he recovers from Tommy John and is still shrugging the weight of massive expectations off his back. (Kyler Jesanis)
39. Zack Wheeler, New York Mets (Age: 29, Previous Rank: 115)
FINALLY!!!!!!! The long awaited Zack Wheeler follow up to the 2014 breakout arrived. He became more dominant as the year went on, finishing with a second half ERA of 1.68 and a 2.53 FIP. For all the publicity German Marquez's second half gets (and to a lesser extent Luis Castillo's), Wheeler's second half performance is largely unknown. 4 out of his 5 pitches performed incredibly well (just ditch the changeup, Zack, please). Wheeler looks to be very similar to Jameson Taillon as a fantasy asset. So why is he further down our list? Mainly more recent injuries and a greater uptick in command (halved his BB/9 in 2018) that could easily regress closer to his career levels. He's got a really strong ceiling, we're just more in a place of let's see it again before fully buying in. (Kyler Jesanis)
40. Eduardo Rodriguez, Boston Red Sox (Age: 26, Previous Rank: 73)
Oh E-Rod, my E-Rod, when you pitch you're wonderful. It's just the first part of that phrase does not happen as often as we'd like. He has a knee injury that keeps coming and going. Can we get more than 130 innings out of him? Probably not, maybe once or twice if we're lucky. The strong k-rate combined with the high win output pitching in front of one of baseballs best lineups satiate us enough to tolerate the low inning output. You know what you're getting with E-Rod. (Kyler Jesanis)
41) David Price, Boston Red Sox, (Age: 33, Previous Rank: 48)
It was a bounce back season for Price in that he wasn't hurt and he didn't end up in the bullpen to end the year but he stays ranked in the 40s for the 2nd straight year. He still maintained a solid 3.58 ERA, 1.14 WHIP, and 9.1 stirkeouts per nine innings. Price probably won't ever be a 220-240 inning powerhouse again. He stayed healthy the entire season and around 180 innings now seems to be his peak. He does gets better as the game goes deeper and his 3rd time through the order has been better than his first two times through each of the last 6 years. That should allow him to maintain a heavy innings workload as long as he doesn't play too much Fortnite and have carpal tunnel flare up again. (Britt Engelbrecht)
42) Robbie Ray, Arizona Diamondbacks, (Age: 27, Previous Rank: 15)
Robbie may be the pioneer of the Three True Outcome Pitcher. It's either a strikeout, a walk, or something else. Of pitchers with 100+ innings, Ray was 5th in the majors with 12 strikeouts per nine. That's elite! He was also 3rd worst in the majors at a dangerous 5.1 walks per nine innings. That's not elite! He had an outstanding 2.89 ERA, 1.154 WHIP in 2017 that was unsustainable with a 3.72 FIP. So in 2018 he went and added more than one extra walk per nine, and his ERA fell to 3.93 (well short of his 4.31 FIP). He missed 8 weeks with an oblique strain but don't expect future big innings out of him because he is terrible the third time through the order. His future rankings could continue to fluctuate wildly as we've had him #64 in 2017, #15 in 2018, and #42 in 2019. (Britt Engelbrecht)
43) Kyle Hendricks, Chicago Cubs, (Age: 29, Previous Rank: 41)
"The Professor" has to out-think and outwork every other pitcher in the majors to keep up. He throws the 10th slowest average fastball, the 10th slowest curveball, the 10th slowest sinker, and the 10th slowest changeup in MLB. His fastball only sits at 87.3 mph, yet he throws it more often (62%) than any pitcher ranked above him. And he throws his change up more than any pitcher in the MLB at 31%. Hendricks had the highest Pitch Value in baseball for his change up, right above these guys: DeGrom, Greinke, and Scherzer. He finds success with inferior stuff by keeping tight pitch tunnels which prevents the hitter from seeing what pitch is coming until late in flight. Expect consistent, boring production from him for years to come. (Britt Engelbrecht)
44) Masahiro Tanaka, New York Yankees, (Age: 30, Previous Rank: 26)
Last season's 3.75 ERA, 1.128 WHIP and 9.2 strikeouts per nine is exactly what you want from a solid starter on your squad. But he did that with the worst fastball per 100 pitches by Pitch Value of all pitchers that pitched 150 innings. It was even worse the year before. But Tanaka's slider had the 10th best Pitch Value behind nine studs and Tanner Roark. He can probably improve by simply moving significantly off his fastball. If you've already owned Tanaka you've probably watched him melt down from the fifth to seventh innings over and over as he is allowing a .292 average and .914 OPS on the third time through the order. The Yankees have an elite bullpen and should have a quick trigger on Tanaka, making it tough to maintain heavy innings going into his 30s. (Britt Engelbrecht)
45) Shane Bieber, Cleveland Indians, (Age: 23, Previous Rank: NR)
Bieber fever took over midseason after he posted a 1.47 ERA and 0.79 WHIP over 80 innings between Double-A and Triple-A. After getting called up he logged 115 innings with a 4.55 ERA and 1.334 WHIP. He's a guy that throws average stuff but has good command. His strikeout per nine was pretty good (9.3) and his walk rate per nine was very good (1.8). But man does he get hit, and get hit hard. He was seventh worst in Average Exit Velocity off the bat for pitchers with 300+ batted balls, and allowed over 10 hits per nine. He throws the ball in the zone ninth most of pitchers with 100+ innings, which might allow him to lower that to get more weak contact and swinging strikes. That being said, I would bet on Bieber (and his 20th in majors xFIP) to figure it out and become a really good starter in the future. (Britt Engelbrecht)
46) Lance McCullers Jr., Houston Astros, (Age: 25, Previous Rank: 22)
Recovery from Tommy John surgery will consume his entire 2019 season and we'll get to see if he actually has another pitch besides his curve ball in 2020. Peak McCullers was Game 7 of the 2017 ALCS when he threw 24 straight curveballs to send the Astros to the World Series. He threw that curve ball a major league leading 47% of the time in 2018. But here's the thing, it's just not effective anymore. The curve ball went from second in majors in pitch value in 2016 (21.8) to fifth in 2017 (15.4) all the way down to 40th in 2018 (1.6). Lance and the Astros will have a full year to think about solutions, and the Astros have extracted gold out of much less talented arms. (Britt Engelbrecht)
47) Nick Pivetta, Philadelphia Phillies, (Age: 26, Previous Rank: 194)
2017 was a rough 133 inning debut for Pivetta (6+ ERA, 1.5+ WHIP) but he improved across the board in 2018. He lowered his ERA to 4.77 (3.80 FIP), lowered his walk rate from 3.9 to a respectable 2.8 walks per nine innings, and increased his strikeout rate from 9.5 to a very good 10.3 strikeouts per nine. His fastball was ineffective in 2017 (still is) so he lowered that usage from 66% to 52% increasing his usage on his slider and curveball which are both good pitches. Pivetta is showing he can make adjustments to improve and if that continues he could climb a bit higher in next year's rankings. He was 25th in the majors in xFIP (100 innings minimum) and 13th in strikeout percentage (27.1%). Consider that range his ceiling. (Britt Engelbrecht)
48) MacKenzie Gore, San Diego Padres, (Age: 20, Previous Rank: 59)
Three-time high school state champion, two-time top-60 ranked starting pitcher at TDG and one-time number 3 overall pick. What more do you need? Well how about if he were a couple inches taller he may kick the second baseman in the face with his beautiful leg kick in his windup. Struggled a bit in Single-A with a 4.45 ERA and 1.30 WHIP after dominating rookie ball for 20 innings in 2017. But his repertoire projects as elite and as TDG's Jesse Roche said, "he has a 92-97 mph fastball (four- and two-seam), an upper-70s, 1-to-7 curveball, an upper-80s slider, and a low-80s, fading change-up. Each pitch projects to plus or better, except the slider, which he uses primarily as a change-of-pace offering." Expect to learn a lot more from a full season of data in 2019. (Britt Engelbrecht)
49) Yu Darvish, Chicago Cubs, (Age: 32, Previous Rank: 16)
For the first five years of his career Yu was a consistent source of low WHIP (career 1.19), high strikeouts (11 K/9), and a good ERA (3.49) but now injuries may be plaguing his career. TDG's own Dr. Mike put it best:
"What people don't understand well is that he had 3 separate injuries last year then surgery to fix the secondary problem. First it was shoulder impingement (fluid filled sac gets crushed under a bone called the acromion). Then he altered his mechanics and developed an elbow problem. Then he developed another problem in the elbow (torsional problem with the bones) which led to a debridement surgery to his elbow. So he is entering from a lost season with shoulder & elbow problems. Slider remains elite, everything else is falling." – Dr. Mike Tanner
Dynasty owners have every right to be scared and the Cubs have 101 million reasons to be as well. (Britt Engelbrecht)
50) Casey Mize, Detroit Tigers, (Age: 21, Previous Rank: NR)
We had a four year run of great number one overall picks from 2009-2012 (Strasburg, Harper, G.Cole, Correa) followed by four year run of mostly trash (Appel, Aiken, Swanson, Moniak). Time will tell but Royce Lewis and Casey Mize have a shot to start a new positive four year cycle. Mize has exceptional fastball command and sits mid-90s. The splitter by all accounts will be his go-to pitch and has been compared to Tanaka's. He had some elbow issues in college, which could be a product of flawed mechanics that usually leads to a lost year down the line. Detroit is likely to be terrible forever but Mize could move quickly if Detroit chooses. (Britt Engelbrecht)
51) Dallas Keuchel, FA (Age: 31, Previous Rank: 17)
What the hell were we doing ranking Keuchel #17 last year? Keuchel did some odd things with his pitch mix last year which results in some even more peculiar results. He cut his sinker usage significantly and supplemented it with the use of his change up and cutter.The K/9 and GB% were on the left hand side of the Keuchel bell curve, which directly correlated with the increased ERA into the mid-3's, despite the fact he decreased a BB/9 and HR/9 from the previous 2 years. In other words, there was a lot of tinkering that resulted in more balls in play and the results were mixed. Let's all hope he falls back in love with his sinker. That would mean he has settled back into that 200 IP, low 3's, meh K/9, and good-ish WHIP window we can rely on as a serviceable SP3 for the next 3 or 4 years, because this SP4 version of him borders on the type of player who's traded in your league 6 times over the next 3 years as managers get frustrated and annoyed with the results. (Adam Lawler)
52) Mitch Keller, Pittsburgh Pirates, (Age: 22, Previous Rank: 39)
Look, when it comes to pitching prospects, there's Forrest Whitley and everyone else. That said, this ranking feels a little light. Keller didn't lose anything or regress in 2018 when he was ranked higher than he is today. For what it's worth, Keller is going to pitch about 130 to 150 IP this year with a little more than half of those in Pittsburgh. This timeline tracks him about a year or two ahead of names like Luzardo, Gore, Sixto, and Mize. He has health on his side, which is more than Puk, Honeywell, and Reyes can say. In addition, all 3 of his offerings (FB, CB, CH) trend average or plus. Still, he doesn't have anything truly dynamic in comparison to his contemporaries and we love to bet upside. It would not surprise me to see Keller be the best pitcher of this bunch over the next 3 years, and it would surprise me less to see him in the bottom half of the list for much of his career. (Adam Lawler)
53) Jon Gray, Colorado Rockies, (Age: 27, Previous Rank: 30)
I am not a fan of the Jon Gray perception, but not because of the reasons you may think. More because I love German Marquez and the industry points to Jon Gray's 2017 to explain fading Marquez. WELL, YOU'RE WRONG. WRONG I SAY. Let me defend Gray by saying that – among qualified pitchers – Gray's K-BB% was in the top 20, his swinging strike rate was in the top 15, and his xFIP/ERA differential was the largest in the majors. The guy experienced a death by BABIP (posting the third worst average in baseball) and a HR bugaboo (worst HR/FB rate in the majors). Look, these are correctable problems and if you want to sell low on Gray, I'm buying in a big way. (Adam Lawler)
Writer's note: I love random oddities the tie humanity together. The next 3 names are all weirdly bonded between the Pirates and Rays organizations. Morton and Glasnow started in Pittsburgh's organization, Archer started in Tampa. They all flipped at varying times and are of varying generations. All are on the precipice/heels of career defining years.
54) Charlie Morton, Tampa Bay Rays (Age: 35, Previous Rank: 78)
Not sure what to say here. As the latest of bloomers, Morton clearly has the goods and he'll take his talents to the tank where pitching revolution is the name of the game. After nearly 10 years in the majors, Morton posted a career high 167 innings pitched to go along with a career best K/9 rate and ERA. He's 35. It's as impressive as it is unreal. Seriously, that was his career year and it's unlikely he does it again. That said, he still has a role on most fringy-to-competitive dynasty teams. My guess is he gets the opener treatment, the Rays pull a Dodgers roster manipulation by giving him some phantom IL stints, he pitches 140 innings the next two years. Think of him like you thought of young Rich Hill when he broke out and act accordingly. (Adam Lawler)
55) Chris Archer, Pittsburgh Pirates, (Age: 30, Previous Rank: 14)
Another player we way over ranked last year. There's nothing I can say here that Alex Chamberlain at Fangraphs didn't already state in his January 2nd article Chris Archer's Last, Best Hope. Allow me to succinctly summarize for Mr. Chamberlain: Chris Archer has been like heroin to certain fantasy owners. We've been chasing the dragon since 2013. Waiting for that next big step in his advancement. It's never come and it likely will never come. Archer re-introduced the sinker back into his repertoire upon arrival to Pittsburgh. This might be good because Archer's fastball is very bad! Or maybe not because sinkers are by and large crappy pitches! Baseball! Weird, right?! (Adam Lawler)
56) Tyler Glasnow, Tampa Bay Rays, (Age: 25, Previous Rank: 87)
This large human has taken a baby step towards honing his curve ball, but it's still not good considering the -3.1 wCB it posted in 2018. One would assume he will pick up an additional 12 to 6 things from Snellzilla. Take this with the biggest grain of salt you can find considering it's only 24 innings, but Glasnow hasn't really shown he can get through the order a third time, posting a 5+ ERA and a .300+ OBP. Still, the Tampa organization will have a thousand arms to use and – like Morton above – they will likely use an opener with Glasnow. Maybe it helps with in the wins categories, but it doesn't do any favors to those in rotisserie or QS leagues. On the flip side of the coin a perennial 140+ IP, 10.5+ K's, and a 3.6 ERA is pretty alright in this day and age. I wouldn't be surprised if next year Glasnow is bandied about in the early 40's. (Adam Lawler)
57) Josh James, Houston Astros, (Age: 25, Previous Rank: NR)
We arrived at the buzziest name of my cohort. Nothing says reactionary as James' 23 inning stint creating a stir among us dynasty analysts who did not rank him at all last year to ranking him within the top 60 this year. To me, pairing his semi-interesting profile and his fun debut screams shiny new toy overreaction. He features 2 displays, a plus fastball and slider, with a show-me change up he used at a 22% clip during his first go around. Moreover, the 10.41 K/9 Steamer projects seems a little to aggressive given the 14.1% swinging strike rate he won't retain and the current tools he's carrying. He might be good, but 130 innings of a mid-to-high 3 ERA seems mediocre to me, and there are names ranked after his that are far more interesting (e.g. Urias, Paddack, Liberatore, Pearson) and carry much more upside and a safer floor than James. (Adam Lawler)
58) Andrew Heaney, Los Angeles Angels, (Age: 27, Previous Rank: #159)
Let's play a game of 2nd half statistics:
|Pitcher A
|Pitcher B
All things being even you might lean towards Pitcher A because of the HR/FB rate, but it's still not that much of a difference, right? Well, pitcher A is Jim Melichart's darling Nick Pivetta who is ranked #47. Meanwhile, we have a bargain value Pivetta in Andrew Heaney sitting before our eyes. Projection systems and unaware baseball minds are weighing down Heaney's IP value based on his history of not being able to stay healthy, but the former top prospect tossed 180 innings of solid ball last year and I would assume it will be at that level again as he enters his age 27 season. He's got the stuff and he's proven he's capable. Go ahead and take the bargain price while you can. (Adam Lawler)
59) Dylan Cease, Chicago White Sox (Age: 23, Previous Rank: 149)
Oh hello, future Josh Hader with prettier hair, and fewer garbage human tweets. In case you didn't know, Cease subscribes to this guy, a yogi, to help him on his journey to enlightenment. As a Sox fan, I want to believe that Cease and Kopech will be a 1 / 2 combo for years to come. Cease's fastball sits in the high 90s and grades at a 7. His curveball – already grading as a plus pitch – has bite that will have batters seeking antivenom. His change up has progressed and developed into an average offering. Sadly, his progression to ramp up innings is going at a snails pace and, despite these efforts, he continues to deal with owies. In the end, Cease is a pretty chill human with a cannon for an arm who is on the precipice of being called up to the big-league roster. If he winds up a starter think of him like you would Stephen Strasburg. There are worse things to bet on when it comes to dynasty formats. (Adam Lawler)
60) Sean Newcomb, Atlanta Braves (Age: 25, Previous Rank: #111)
Well, the K rate is fun, right?! Gals, if he could just figure out how to limit the free passes he'd really be something. The change (thrown 19.1% of the time) and curve ball (thrown 14.3% of the time) graded out as a negative pitch last year despite the fastball command being on point. Perhaps Newcomb needs a bit of refinement, but that is something scouts have called out for years. Meanwhile, there are more viable arms in the Atlanta system than there are all other systems combined. I'm nervous, but I'm not giving up completely. (Adam Lawler)


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The past seasons of Game of Thrones were full of castle-storming goodness, and that's unlikely to change for the show's eighth and final outing. While humanity hasn't had dragons to help breach a foreboding keep, it's gotten pretty good at the art of the siege.
Here are a few pointers for whoever makes a grab for the Iron Throne this season.
There's perhaps no military action older than castle storming. Whether you're talking about paleolithic Scotland, medieval France, or the fictional kingdoms of Westeros, the pattern appears to be the same: As soon as people had any possessions at all, other people have coveted the lands and possessions of their neighbors.
And so, the people with lands and possessions built castles for protection. Siege warfare against those castles is brutal and blunt. It's a style of fighting characterized by a combination of ungodly long, boring waits punctuated by short spurts of terrifying action.
There is a lot more to besieging a walled fortress than simply running around with ladders. A lot more.
Castle Basics
It takes more than a forbidding appearance for a castle to keep attackers at bay. The first castles were merely earthen heaps surrounded by a wooden palisade wall. But they quickly got much better. Over time, a body of castle-building knowledge arose and all good castles more or less followed the same rules.
For example, a well-designed castle is never square. The corners on a square castle are vulnerable to attack because the ninety degree angle makes it difficult to mass defenders at those points, so any good field general would concentrate his attacking forces there. To counter this, castle designers erected protruding towers at intervals, giving defenders a redoubt where they could shoot downward with a wide field of view.
In addition, those towers were built as tall as possible. When hurling machines like catapults and trebuchets are forced to shoot in high arcing trajectories, they lose much of their effectiveness. Plus, when defenders drop rocks from high elevations, they have a lot more smashing power.
Typically there was an elevated walkway just behind the top of the castle walls called a rampart. There were openings in the upper walls, accessible to the men on the ramparts, called embrasures, through which archers could shoot.
The main way into a castle, of course, was through the gate. Gates were always exceedingly well protected. Typically, large strong towers flanked both sides of the gates, and the towers were always manned with defenders. The entrance to a castle was often a steel grate called a portcullis, a walkway, and then another portcullis. Above the walkway were the "murder holes," openings through which rocks and spears could be thrust down on attackers trapped between the portcullis grates.
Casterly Rock, with its multiple towers and textbook perfect lines-of-fire, appears to be a good example how to design a castle. Dragonstone, on the other hand, is something of an architectural nightmare. Its multitude of thin projecting walls provide unintended cover for attackers below, and its utter lack of towers and bastions are inexcusable.
Pitched Battles vs. Sieges
Prior to the age of modern, mechanized warfare, there were but two major kinds of military action: the pitched battle and the siege. A pitched battle was just what it sounds like, with soldiers, mostly on foot, advancing on the enemy as quickly as possible. Frontal assaults, flanking maneuvers, and ambushes—these were the simple tactics employed in pitched battles from the Battle of Marathon in 490 BC continuing through the time of the Roman Empire, into the Middle Ages, and beyond.
We've seen this kind of thing in the show numerous times already. Daenerys' horde of Dothraki ambushed the Lannister loot train and routed them in the previous episode. In season 6's "Battle of the Bastards," Ramsay Bolton's army manages to flank and then encircle Jon Snow, at least until reinforcements come.
The other type of military action is a siege, and ever since season 1, Game of Thrones characters have been worried about them (King Robert Baratheon wisely explains the foolishness of meeting the Dothraki in a pitched battle as opposed to hiding behind the castle walls.) When one side had a big advantage over the other side in terms of manpower or equipment, the other side could choose not to meet the enemy on the field of battle, but instead retreat to a walled city or fortress. Here, within thick protective fortress walls made of limestone or sandstone or flint, the defenders could hole up for months. Depending on the supply of food and water within, those inside could often outlast the enemy encamped beyond the walls.
It was incredibly hard to capture a castle, but plenty have tried both in fiction and in real history. The attackers could try to outwait the defenders and force them to surrender by starving them out. They could use some kind of subterfuge against the enemy. Or they could lay siege.
Early Tactics
So, what were the tools and tactics that commanders could use to lay siege and conquer a castle? There were several well-known techniques, but none of which were guaranteed to be successful or easy to use. One method was the blockade, whch involved simply surrounding the castle with troops and ships to prevent any food or supplies from getting in. A blockade sometimes worked, but often the garrison (the group of soldiers within a fortress or castle) was usually better supplied than the attacking army and could outlast the besiegers, at least until a relieving army could fight its way in.
Another technique was to talk their way through the castle walls. Messengers would try negotiation and compromise, but threats, coercion, and bribery often worked better. The concepts of loyalty and national identity were somewhat more fluid in ancient and medieval times than they are now. A commander sometimes could be persuaded to change sides—or maybe to at least sit this one out if the attackers made their threats fearful enough or bribes big enough.
For example, during a 12th century siege of a castle in Crema, Italy, the attacking army took captured soldiers, cut off their heads and then tossed their heads like footballs in full view of the besieged castle. It didn't work this time. The defenders within the castle went mad with rage and took their prisoners and ripped them limb from limb on the castle ramparts.
Conversely, the castellan (the commander of the castle and the king's loyal man) might capitulate if certain promises of safety, payment, and bounty were provided. It was the rare castellan who was truly loyal and couldn't be bribed, but in those cases, an attacker's fallback strategies might include using spies or inciting a mutiny among the rest of the defenders.
Storming Your Castle
If starvation, negotiation, and threats were unsuccessful, then the only remaining option was to attack the castle. Enter the siege weapons. In time, catapult bombardment could reduce even a thick wall to rubble. Day after day, night after night, the great swinging arms of the siege machinery outside the walls would pound the stone walls of the castle. And often, from inside the walls, great stone balls would answer back from the defender's own catapults, aimed directly at the attacker's stone throwers.
Eventually, the walls would start to break apart under the onslaught of rock missiles. First a crack, then fracture, then a hole. Once openings appeared that were large enough to move a soldier through, the main frontal assault could begin. On the commander's order, the troops would rush towards the castle, shouting a war cry. An attack on a castle or fortress involved a short, but furious battle, with soldiers attacking holes in the walls with picks and hammers and rushing through as soon as the openings were large enough to squeeze through.
Sometimes, instead of catapults or trebuchets, the attacking army would use miners. These were men who worked underground, spending weeks or months digging tunnels with shovels underneath the walls of the castle. As they dug, they would prop up the walls of the tunnels with timbers to prevent the walls from collapsing. When it was time to attack, soldiers could then go underneath the walls and surprise the besieged by popping up in the middle of the castle grounds.
Another tactical ploy was for the miners to dig away the earth directly under the heavy castle wall. When enough dirt was removed, the weight of the rock walls would collapse it into the hole, allowing the besiegers to rush into the breach.
If the walls held up to bombardment and mining, then the only option was escalade—climbing the walls. For foot soldiers, escalade just plain sucked. This was perhaps the deadliest, most intense form of ancient warfare. With their shields held overhead, soldiers would climb ladders held against the walls or rush through breaches, their arms furiously swinging two-handed broadswords and battle-axes or charging forward with long sharp pikes in front of them. Hot sand, boiling water, and rocks rained down upon the attackers, adding to the chaos and confusion. On the ramparts, defending archers would cut loose a cloud of iron-tipped arrows, raining them down upon the broken heads and bodies of the luckless attackers below them.
Now, if the attackers had enough time and money, they could build large moveable stairways called siege towers. For the infantry, these were a big improvement from the suicidal scaling ladders. The idea was that the wheeled towers could be moved up against a castle wall and then soldiers could stay protected by the tower walls until it made contact with the ramparts, at which point soldiers could simply run out onto the parapets.
Siege towers were quite popular during the time of the Crusades. Consider for example the Siege of Acre during the Third Crusade. Despite the harassment from Saladin's troops, the Christian Franks continued the siege in earnest. English King Richard the Lionhearted and his French counterpart set their soldiers to work building three huge, movable siege towers with which to attack Acre's walls. These towers were said to be 60 cubits (90 feet) tall and covered with skins which were treated in vinegar, mud, and fire-resistant substances. (It didn't help, they burned down anyway.)
The golden era of siege warfare was over by about the year 1500 AD, but elements of it lasted much longer. With the rise of gunpowder weapons and military aircraft, the defensive advantages provided by the thick walls of a castle waned, and with them so did the popularity siege warfare. That is, until the next fantasy television series comes along.
This post was originally published August 10th, 2017. It's been updated for the final season of Game of Thrones.


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The box elder bug, or Boisea trivittatus, can be identified by orange and red marks on a black body. They are about 1/2-inch long and have three stripes behind the head. This North American species of true bug is also commonly referred to as a maple bug. Box elder bugs feed on low vegetation on the ground during early spring and summer. Around mid-July, they move to female box elder trees to feed on the seeds. By late summer, they leave these trees to begin searching for overwintering sites. This is when box elders may enter homes, and they tend to seek out buildings with sunny exposure. In fact, box elder bugs invade the sunny side of your home by the thousands. Infestations are more common after a warm spring followed by a hot, dry summer.
Box elder bugs are a major food source for local birds during the peak of their season. They prefer to lay their eggs under the siding, around windows, and under the roofline of your homes. When these eggs hatch the following season, a new beginning to the life cycle of infestations will follow. The reproductive lifecycle can sometimes take years to eliminate. A routine box elder pest control program can help eliminate this insect from your home in the long-term.
Home and business owners that experience an infestation may be able to visibly spot the bugs around windows, in attics, or in other cracks and crevices in the home. You are most likely to spot box elder bugs during warm days, since this is when they become most active. They also leave stains on walls, curtains, and other surfaces around the home or business. These stains are a result of excrement, and they may be the first sign of an infestation.
Box elder bugs are mainly known as nuisance pests, because they do not reproduce once inside the home. However, they enter houses and other buildings in large numbers and can be difficult to exterminate once they reach the inside of a home. These bugs are not known to bite or harm humans, but they may leave an unpleasant odor when they are crushed.
The best way to avoid a box elder bug infestation is to take precautions in and around your home before late August. Be sure to repair damaged windows and screens, install seams under doors, and check for cracks in the exterior of the home. Residents can remove female box elder trees that exist close the home, but this process can be very invasive. Instead, call the experienced exterminators at Bugs by Brian to treat the exterior of your home or business before the end of August. This is the best way to prevent a box elder infestation.Call Bugs by Brian® today to exterminate box elder bugs in your home or business.


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15 February, 2018 Politics Edit
Parliament of Kazakhstan ratifies agreement with Vietnam on extradition
Parliament deputies have adopted the law on agreement ratification between the Republic of Kazakhstan and the Socialistic Republic of Vietnam on extradition.
If you find the error - select the part you want and press ctrl + enter.
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UPDATE: Sochi Olympics Ratings Hit Low On Valentine's Day; Down From Vancouver 2010 But Even With Torino 2006
UPDATE, 1:26 PM: Virginia may be for lovers but the Olympics are not when it comes to ratings. The final numbers for NBC's primetime coverage last night of the Winter Games are in and the traditionally slow TV night of Valentine's Day delivered the network its lowest result from Sochi so far. Hosted by Meredith Vieira, NBC's 8PM – 11PM coverage drew an 11.0/19 national household rating and 19.2 million viewers. The previous low for NBC during this Olympic cycle so far was the first "bonus" night of the XXII Winter Games on February 6. The network got an 11.818 rating and 19.5 million viewers. The highest has been the 17.0/28 rating and audience of 31.7 million that the Opening Ceremony pulled in on February 7. While delivering the second most watched Friday primetime show on any network since the Summer Olympics in the UK two years ago, last night's ratings were down 17% from the 13.4/23 rating that the comparable night of the Vancouver 2010 games garnered. The coverage out of Vancouver was virtually live, at least for Americans on the East Coast, but put side-by-side with the 11.2/19 that similar tape-delayed night of Torino 2006, Friday's Sochi games were basically even – as has been the case often throughout these Games so far.
Related: Meredith Vieira Steps In For Bob Costas At Sochi Games
USA-Russia Olympics Hockey Nailbiter Scores NBC Streaming Record
PREVIOUS, 8:57AM:Meredith Vieira received a lot of attention yesterday when it was announced that she would take over NBC's anchor desk at the Winter Games for at least one night and became the first woman ever to host the network's Olympics coverage. However the former Today co-host's stint replacing the still ailing Bob Costas last night did not translate into better numbers for NBC's tape-delayed primetime package out of Sochi on Valentine's Day. In early fast nationals, NBC drew 19.08 million viewers and a 4.5/19 rating – the worst the Sochi Games have performed among viewers and adults 18-49 so far. The viewership is down hard from the 23.3 million who watched the comparable night of February 19, 2010 at the Vancouver Olympics. Friday's result is also a slide of 16% from the 5.4/17 rating the last Winter Games pulled in on its first full Friday of competition four years ago. It's also an 18% drop from the 5.5 rating of the comparable night in Torino 2006. Up until now, the Sochi games have been beating or matching the the last European held Winter Games on average so far during this cycle.
Unsurprisingly, last night's results are also a drop from the 31.7 million who watched NBC's tape-delayed XXII Olympic Winter Games Opening Ceremony, which Vieira co-hosted, on February 7. That broadcast had a 8.7/26 rating. We'll update the ratings once the final numbers come in later today. Vieira, NBC announced this morning, will be anchoring the Olympics again tonight where no doubt there'll be highlights of the U.S. Men's Hockey Team's shootout victory over Russia this morning.
Related: Sochi Olympics' Official Day 6 Ratings Dip From Vancouver 2010, Rises From First Day Of Games
With ice sledding, free skating, some hockey highlights and skiing, including the super combined, NBC's Olympics Friday primetime Olympics coverage received a 11.7/20 result in overnight metered-markets, with loyal Minneapolis (16.5/33) coming in as top local market once again. Looking back four years ago, NBC's Vancouver coverage got a national household rating of 13.4/23 on its first full Friday of competition. That was jump up of 20% from the comparable night out of Torino 2006, which had a 11.2/19.
The only other original on any of the other nets last night was a new 20/20 at 10PM. The news mag show garnered a 1.1/4. That's down a tenth from last week's 1.2/4. Earlier in the night, ABC aired the Be My Valentine Charlie Brown special, which got a 1.0/4 – a rise of 43% from last year. Looks like there was some love in the air there.


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David Williamson, CEO of EfficientIP summarized the research "While these figures are the worst we have seen in five years of research, the good news is that the importance of DNS is at last being widely recognized by businesses."
PHILADELPHIA (PRWEB) June 18, 2019
EfficientIP, a leading specialist in DNS security for service continuity, user protection and data confidentiality, today announced the results of its 2019 Global DNS Threat Report, sponsored research conducted by market intelligence firm IDC.
Over the past year, organizations faced on average more than nine DNS attacks, an increase of 34%. Costs too went up 49%, meaning one in five businesses lost over $1 million per attack and causing app downtime for 63% of those attacked. Other issues highlighted by the study, now in its fifth year, include the broad range and changing popularity of attack types, ranging from volumetric to low signal, including phishing, 47%, malware-based attacks, 39%, and old-school DDoS, 30%.
Also highlighted were the greater consequences of not securing the DNS network layer against all possible attacks. No sector was spared, leaving organizations open to a range of advanced effects from compromised brand reputation to losing business.
Romain Fouchereau, Research Manager European Security at IDC, says "With an average cost of $1m per attack, and a constant rise in frequency, organisations just cannot afford to ignore DNS security and need to implement it as an integral part of the strategic functional area of their security posture to protect their data and services."
DNS is a central network foundation which enables users to reach all the apps they use for their daily work. Most network traffic first goes through a DNS resolution process, whether this is legitimate or malicious network activity. Any impact on DNS performance has major business implications. Well-publicized cyber attacks such as WannaCry and NotPetya caused financial and reputational damage to organizations across the world. The impact caused by DNS-based attacks is as important due to its mission-critical role.
The top impacts of DNS attacks - damaged reputation, business continuity and finances
(See Figure 1 in 'Detailed Findings')
Three-in-five, 63%, of organizations suffered application downtime, 45% had their websites compromised, and one-quarter, 27%, experienced business downtime as a direct consequence. These could all potentially lead to serious NISD (Network and Information Security Directive) penalties. In addition, one-quarter, 26%, of businesses had lost brand equity due to DNS attacks.
Data theft via DNS continues to be a problem. To protect against this, organizations are prioritizing securing network endpoints, 32%, and looking for better DNS traffic monitoring, 29%.
David Williamson, CEO of EfficientIP summarized the research "While these figures are the worst we have seen in five years of research, the good news is that the importance of DNS is at last being widely recognized by businesses. Mainstream organizations are now starting to leverage DNS as a key part of their security strategy to help with threat intelligence, policy control and automation, thus building a good foundation for their zero trust plan."
Detailed Findings follow.
Notes to Editors
The 2019 Global DNS Threat Report
The research was conducted by IDC from January to April 2019. The results are based on 904 respondents in three regions - North America, Europe and Asia Pacific. Respondents included CISOs, CIOs, CTOs, IT Managers, Security Managers and Network Managers.
To read the full report please click here.
About EfficientIP
EfficientIP is a network automation and security company, specializing in DNS-DHCP-IPAM solutions (DDI), with the goal of helping organizations worldwide drive business efficiency through agile, secure and reliable infrastructure foundations. Integrated solutions enable IP communication and simplify network management with end-to-end visibility and smart automation, while patented technology secures DNS services to safeguard data and ensure application access. Companies in all sectors rely on EfficientIP offerings to face the challenges of key IT initiatives such as cloud applications and mobility. For further information, please visit: https://www.efficientip.com/.
Press contact
Positive Marketing for EfficientIP
Beth Fichtel | Cassandra Hegarty
(914) 588.2695
Detailed Findings
The increasing cost per attack - varies country by country
(See Figure 2)
More than three-quarters, 82%, of the organizations surveyed were subject to a DNS attack. The global average cost per DNS attack increased by 49% year-on-year, to $1.07M, and was highest in Europe at $1,190,200. However, the cost per attack and its growth vary country by country.
A regional overview of cost per DNS attack shows in Europe, UK respondents witnessed the highest year-on-year increase in cost per DNS attack at 108% and also the highest cost at $1,635,400. In North America, USA organizations faced the highest cost at $1,127,200 but Canadian organizations had the highest cost increase at 80%. In Asia-Pacific, Singapore had the highest cost at $924,750 per attack as well as the highest cost increase at 30%.
The five most popular DNS-based attacks in 2019
(See Figure 3)
The most popular DNS threats have changed compared with last year. Phishing, 47%, is now more popular than last year's favorite DNS-based malware, 39%, followed by DDoS attacks, 30%, False positive triggering, 26%, and Lock-up domain attacks, 26%.
No industry is safe from DNS attacks
Utilities is the sector with the highest cost per attack, 25% of attacks costing over $1.1M. Financial services was the most-targeted of any industry with 88% hit last year. Retail by comparison saw the highest business loss, 35%, particularly worrying in the current high street climate. Half of all healthcare organizations, 50%, had their website compromised in an attack, reducing patient access to online resources. Worryingly governments had the highest occurrence of sensitive information being stolen, 19%, and also took the longest to patch vulnerabilities, 74% taking two days or more.
Data Privacy & Compliance, One Year After GDPR
(See Figure 4)
Since May of last year GDPR regulation has been enforced with important investments having been made by organizations in all countries, notably in strengthening network security defenses.
One year on, organizations are focused on investing in analysis to improve security. Securing network endpoints, 32%, and better monitoring of DNS traffic, 29%, are where respondents see the most effective solutions to data confidentiality risks, over and above adding firewalls, 22%.
In addition to improving security, organizations also see other improvements from GDPR and other data privacy compliance initiatives (CLOUD Act, PDPA, etc.). These have been beneficial in educating employees on data privacy, 81%, putting it on par with network security upgrades and innovation, 79%, and above heightening customer trust, 64%.
Zero Trust in the Spotlight
Security challenges brought by digital transformation, multi-cloud deployments, and mobility are causing perimeter network security to evolve to a zero-trust mindset. DNS security, fueled by threat intelligence and network automation, is key to a successful zero-trust strategy.
The research showed that 48% of organizations are planning to use zero-trust architecture, and 45% use predictive analytics. However, there is much room for improvement on the automation side as only 14% have adopted automation for their network security policy management.
See Index below for data.
Figure.1 'Top Impacts'
The top impact of attacks of DNS-based attacks in 2019
In-house application downtime - 63%
Loss of business - 27%
Brand damage - 26%
Figure.2 'Increasing Cost'
Increasing cost per attack, country by country
Country - Cost per attack in 2019 report - Cost per attack increase from 2018 report
3. Germany - $1,050,800 - 16%
4. France - $1,050,000 - 8%
5. Canada - $982,500 - 80%
6. Spain - $970,400 - 37%
7. Singapore - $924,800 - 30%
8. India - $835,500 - 27%
Figure.3 'Most Popular DNS-based attacks'
Top five DNS-based attacks suffered in 2019
Phishing - 47%
DNS-based malware - 39%
DNS DoS/DDoS - 30%
False positive triggering - 26%
Lock-up domain attacks - 26%
Figure. 4 'Data Privacy and Compliance'
Top Technology Investment to ensure data confidentiality
Securing network endpoints - 32%
Better monitoring and analysis of DNS traffic - 29%
Adding more firewalls - 22%
Increasing the number of filtering rules - 7%


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Why are Monarch butterflies so special? We recently asked five questions of Martine Wong, Fresh Pond Reservation (FPR) Outreach & Volunteer Coordinator, and her Cambridge Mayor's Summer Youth Employment Program (MSYEP) intern, Shewit. On August 6th and 7th, amidst some fanfare—kids and puppets—Martine, Shewit and other staff and volunteers released most of the butterflies that they had helped raise, under the auspices of the Water Department of the City of Cambridge, over the course of the summer.
1. Why is FPR raising butterflies for release?
Shewit: We raise Monarch butterflies every year to educate people about and show the life cycle of the butterflies and to teach the importance of milkweed to Cambridge residents so they might plant milkweed in their gardens. Milkweed is the only plant [Monarchs] lay their eggs on and eat when they are caterpillars. The Monarch butterfly is now in decline because of milkweed plants' reduction by pesticides and because of using land for other purposes such as for pavement and farming.
Martine: There are several reasons we're raising Monarch butterflies for release at Fresh Pond! We hope to teach people about the connection between shrinking butterfly populations and the importance of protecting wildlife habitat. We also want to show people that there are action steps they can take to protect them—you can plant milkweed and other native pollinator-friendly plants, and help to remove invasive plants such as Black Swallow-wort. Also, they are exquisitely beautiful and a joy to behold.
2. Once you received the larvae in the mail, up until this moment of releasing the full grown butterflies, what surprised you most about them?
Shewit: They eat a lot of milkweed leaves and they grow so fast.
3. If we want to help Monarchs live in our city as a whole, what can kids (and just anyone, for that matter) do to make it a welcoming place for them?
Shewit: To make a welcoming place for the Monarch butterfly is to plant enough milkweed plants in the garden, without pesticides. Once the butterfly lays her eggs, the caterpillar continues living upon the plant until it becomes a butterfly—there is no need to change things or worry about it. OR, If the person does not have garden they can raise them in the cage.
Martine: Monarch butterfly caterpillars exclusively eat milkweed – they truly depend on this plant for their survival. A sea of pesticide/herbicide-free milkweed plants for adults to lay eggs on and for caterpillars to eat would be a great welcome, along with planting native pollinator plants that can provide nectar for adult butterflies.
4. What did you learn from other Monarch projects in the United States?
Shewit: I learned some interesting facts, such as monarchs do not have eyelids and they can see UV lights. If the monarchs are in a cage, they need clean space and food because their waste is too much.
5. If we see a Monarch butterfly at Fresh Pond, will we know it's one of the ones raised in captivity?
Martine: There's no way of knowing if it's one of ours! There are tagging programs for the purposes of learning more about their migration and biology. Perhaps we will try that out next year!
- Find other resources about Monarch butterflies in general, and the Cambridge Water Department program in particular, on the Water Department's Monarch Watch Page.
- Read the Boston Globe's coverage of the Cambridge Water Department Monarch Release on August 7, 2016.
- Find out more about the Mayor's Summer Youth Employment Program, which partnered with more than 125 community organizations and city departments this year. Opportunities include many in sustainability and environmental fields, in addition to the internship offered at Fresh Pond Reservation and Alewife Reservation.


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Winthrop High School celebrates the 50th anniversary of its hockey team this year. Though I did not go to WHS or play on that team, those days hold particularly fond memories for me. I was one of the "Saturday morning hockey gang," the Winthrop kids who were introduced to organized hockey by the late Mort Buckley. Just a few years after it got rolling, in 1976, Winthrop High hockey won the state championship. My youngest brother Jackie played a prominent role in that tournament.
In 2007, a group of the Saturday morning kids led by Winthrop's leading citizen Richard Honan raised funds for a plaque in honor of Mort Buckley. I did a writeup of that day and posted it on the net. Here it is again, in case you missed it. Winthrop Honors the Founding Father of Its Hockey
Go Vikings!


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From God Alone Suffices:
"Though full of dignity, created in the image of God, and redeemed by the blood of the Redeemer, a person remains only ashes, and his body turns to dirt after death. If we would acknowledge this truth that permeated the lives of saints, even in a limited way, each one of us would have a deep awareness of our nothingness. We would acknowledge that we are a handful of ashes loved by God, dirt in which the Creator of the universe wants to dwell."


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|Photo by Van Olst Horses.
View Glamourdale's Stallion Profile on WarmbloodStallionsNA.com here.
Glamourdale's final score was 87.050%, and he was awarded a "10" for movement. Glamourdale is by Lord Leatherdale out of a Negro mare, and was bred by Joop Rodenburg and owned by Van Olst Horses..
For more on the World Young Horse Championships 2018, click here.
For more on Glamourdale:
Visit his page on WarmbloodStallionsNA.com.
Visit his page on the Hilltop Farm website.
Visit this news page on Dressage-News.com.


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"You Don Free Me Now Because You Don Blow" – Davido Accuses Mayorkun
Posted by Iheme Edmond On April 2, 2019
Davido has accused Mayorkun of neglecting him now he has become a star in the Nigerian and African music scene.
Davido has jovially told his protege, Mayorkun that he feels neglected as the young star has ostracized him from every detail about what goes on in his life and music career. The boss and his boy got into a conversation when Mayorkun called him on his Instagram Live video session and that was where Davido expressed his views on Mayor . "You i no even know where you dey dey again sef, you no even dey call me, you don free me oo, you don blow you don free me." Davido said
Mayorkun then responded, "I don do wetin? You dey whine me abi, which kind whinning be dis?"
Davido signed Mayorkun in 2016 and since then he has turned out to be a music star. His debut single was "Eleko" which became an instant nationwide hit and since then, he's gone on to release hit records such as "Mama," "Sade," "Love You Tire" and others. He has had sold out shows both in Nigeria and outside of it and currently gearing up for his major headline show billed for November 2019 at the prestigious Indigo at the O2. Mayorkun also already has an album to his name; "The Mayor Of Lagos (TMOL)," which he dropped towards the end of last year.
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In State of North Carolina v. Allman (COA 15-40, January 5, 2016), the Appellate Court, the court ruled that the police could not search a house where known narcotic sellers lived if no facts were presented in the search warrant affidavit that drugs were expected to be found at the residence. Just because known sellers lived there, if there were no observations linking the house to narcotic sales, they could not search it.
Furthermore, just because the police said that probable cause existed, without actual facts alleged in the affidavit, just sayin' it did not make it so. Also, the warrant allegation stating that two occupants of the house were engaged in drug trafficking did not translate into a natural and reasonable inference that drugs were possessed, sold or manufactured at the house.
Now, the law in NC is different from the federal law. The federal laws permit the inference that "in the case of drug dealers, evidence is likely to be found where the dealers live."


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Ford Commercial TrucksAt Tri-Star Ford Somerset
Build your Fleet with New Ford Commercial Trucks in Somerset, PA
Some vehicles just aren't built to handle rugged requirements of the work day. But if you aim to elevate your business initiatives to a dynamic level, new Ford commercial trucks are more than accomplished in that regard. Class leaders in capability and design categories for dependability when challenged and assertiveness as needed, Tri-State Ford is the ideal destination to begin forming a fleet and raising the bar for what you hope to accomplish.
New Ford Commercial Models and Fleet Trucks
The new Ford commercial truck lineup is extensive, spanning from full-size pickup trucks in the best-selling Ford F-150 to heavy-duty trucks and chassis cabs from the Ford Super Duty collection. With a plethora of configurations and options to customize as your business specifics and the role of your vehicle requires, these new Ford commercial trucks prove intuitive in what they can offer. An available Power Stroke V8 Turbo Diesel engine for the Super Duty line delivers best-in-class horsepower and torque respectively, supporting class-leading maximum payload capacity and conventional tow ratings respectively.
What Makes the Ford Commercial Lineup Different
Equipped with class-exclusive high-strength, military-grade aluminum body and bed designs, the Built Ford Tough model shows up in these commercial truck's designs and durability testing. Extensive active safety features - including BLIS with cross-traffic and trailer coverage and trailer reverse guidance - account for the security required with heavy equipment or strenuous payloads on board. You can even appoint cabins up to a luxurious level to host clients and make your experience more comfortable, with available SYNC 3 infotainment for touchscreen engagement on the go.
Assemble your Fleet of New Ford Commercial Trucks in Somerset Today
Our team can walk you through Ford Fleet financing and options you may wish to consider when choosing to purchase new Ford commercial trucks and bolster mobile business goals. Contact us directly today online, over the phone or in person to get started!


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In the last post I talked about how there are so many traditional Portuguese baking products using only a handful of ingredients. Today I'll focus on one particular ingredient which is so simple and yet so versatile.
Enter "requeijão", a by-product of cheese making. "Requeijão" is similar to cottage cheese or a mild ricotta and you can find it in several parts of the country, although with slightly different characteristics from one region to the other.
Sometimes you'll find it on the dessert menu, traditionally served with pumpkin jam and a bit of cinnamon (just because we, Portuguese, love cinnamon with everything!). Some other times you can eat cakes and pies made with "requeijão".
The gorgeous tanned little cake on the first photo is a traditional "queijada de requeijão" from Alentejo. "Queijada" can be loosely translated to cheesecake, because it is a cake and it's made with cheese, but has nothing to do with the common modern cheesecakes. It's delicious and it's shaped like a tiny star – what's not to like about it?
Next we have a few old family recipes* (not mine) but which are completely along the lines of traditional Portuguese baking.
These cute buns could be on my breakfast table every morning. They're not very sweet but they're dense and, of course, they are made with "requeijão". Add a knob of butter and they're heaven!
On the photo above we have, in the front row, a pie with (you guessed it) "requeijão. It's soft and somewhat delicate, kind of like middle class in the baking hierarchy: sweeter than most traditional cakes but not on the conventual level.
On the left, in the back row, there's a slice of walnut and honey cake. Sweet like a grandmother, it has both honey and yellow sugar in it. On the right, a slice of bread dough cake. This used to be made once a week, when baking bread for the family and it's flavoured with cinnamon (I did say we love cinnamon!).
On the next post we'll have a very special guest from the Alentejo (a true celebrity of the region, actually)! 😉
*I'd like to thank Cristina Silva, of Pão, Café & Companhia for helping this blog post come to life by staying true to the original recipes, by having provided me with so many delicious products and for her infinite patience in answering my questions.
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The website: http://www.beyondlisbon.pt/


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Four new natural gas boilers have arrived at Eastman Business Park to go into RED-Rochester's new natural gas-fired power plant. The new plant replaces the coal-fired plant and will produce electricity, steam and chilled water for the more than 100 companies operating at Eastman Business Park with far greater efficiency that will lower operating costs and greatly decrease the plant's carbon footprint.
This investment made by RED-Rochester will cut carbon emissions by 50 percent at the Park, while at the same time providing a major opportunity for heavy users of steam power. The combination of benefits figures to draw more interest and investment in the facilities at EBP.
"The investment in the new natural gas fired power plant is one that will benefit companies operating in the Park, the environment and RED-Rochester," said Dolores Kruchten, President, Corporate Real Estate & Eastman Business Park Division, Vice President, Eastman Kodak Company. "Along with being much more efficient, burning clean natural gas will reduce our CO2 emissions by 50 percent and eliminate sulfur dioxide emissions."
Each of the boilers are large, but three of them weigh more than 270,000 pounds apiece! The "smaller" medium-pressure boiler arrived at EBP in late April from Abilene, Texas, and the three larger boilers were transported from Collinsville, Oklahoma to Rochester by road, carried on 230-foot rigs. The rigs were so large they had to follow strict travel regulations, including only traveling at night through some stretches.
RED-Rochester selected ESI Inc. of Tennessee to be their EPC Construction Partner for the overall execution of the Project. The new gas-fired power plant is in mid-construction and is expected to be operational by the end of this year.
"We are big believers in the future of Eastman Business Park; there is a solid foundation of companies operating here today and the prospects for attracting new utility users are very strong based on the exceptional industrial resources here," Craig Bennett, president of RED-Rochester said. "Our investment in the new natural gas-fired boiler house is a lasting symbol of our commitment to Eastman Business Park and Rochester."
The project will involve installation of four new high-efficiency natural gas boilers, as well as the conversion of a pulverized coal boiler (Boiler 44) from coal to natural gas. The new natural gas powered boilers and converted Boiler 44 will provide steam to existing steam turbines to provide power and other utility services to RED-Rochester's customers in Eastman Business Park.
In addition to conversion of the Power Plant, RG&E will construct a new natural gas pipeline to serve the RED-Rochester conversions.
Project Snapshot (via Ironclad)
- Total cost of the project: $75 million (not including $17 for cost of new pipeline)
- Natural gas boilers will reduce carbon emissions by 50% and eliminate sulfur dioxide emissions
- 120 MW behind-the-meter tri-generation w/ grid interconnect and a 12.5 KV underground electrical cable network
- 1,700 KPPH of steam produced at 1,400 psi with site-wide distribution at 260, 140/135, 5-10 PSIG and site-wide condensate return system
- 90 miles of largely above-ground distribution pipelines
- 50,000 TONS of chilled water capacity down to 9-degree F.
- 40,000 SCFM of compressed air
- 2,300 SCFM of nitrogen generation
- 36 Million Gallons a Day average hydraulic capacity (54 MGD max) with water intake from Lake Ontario (5 miles to the north) coupled with an underground sewage piping system and in house sewer treatment plant designed for industrial effluent
- 3,000 GPM of demineralized water capacity
- 400 GPM – ultra high purity water
- 3.5 & 12.5 Million Gallon reservoirs, distribution and pumping of industrial, process and fire water


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We are always sourcing new lines to add to our huge, ethically sourced product range. Building strong working relationships with our suppliers enables us to offer you the best quality products with exceptional value.
In our shop you will find a diverse range of products including a huge range of teas and coffees, virtually every nut butter you can think of, a well stocked, all vegan beer and wine cabinet, and of course our legendary chocolate section.
We have an extensive chilled & frozen section at Infinity. You can find dairy-free ice cream and deserts, pasties and pastry, and veggie roasts of all kinds. We carry a truly impressive selection of cheese and yoghurt, with many local and vegan.
Tempeh, tofu and seitan products of all kinds, and of course for eating on the go we are supplied by our very own Infinity Foods Kitchen with ever changing freshly made seasonal salads, sandwiches, soups and cakes.


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Tales of Phantasia (U)(Independent) ROM
Nintendo Gameboy Advance / GBA ROMsGenre: ActionRole-Playing
Rating: PEGI: 7+, ESRB: E10+, CERO: A, BBFC: PG
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Here is Tales of Phantasia, a fun RPG for on the go! It features hours of the main story along with hours more in side quests and missions.
The combat is real time, though does take place on a separate screen. It may seem slow or sluggish at first, however it is for good reason, as this allows you to keep track of everything and not be overwhelmed. You will get used to the timing and be performing intricate combos before you know it!
The overworld is in mode7 graphics (basically, it's flat), but this doesn't deter from the game. You can easily tell what is what. It pays to explore the open world, with several hidden locations to find.
The story is long and spans the present, the past, and the future! There is character progression and some backstory for each. There is even a secret unlockable character not found in the SNES version!
Here, we have the game that kicked off the "Tales" series, and a strong start it is! There's a bit of a learning curve, but the combat is admittedly pretty fun. There are several skills you can learn and use, some of which can be leveled up through use. You get a party of unique characters, each with different abilities and personalities. Notably, there's no real weak link in combat; everyone's pretty good! The party AI does feel a bit lacking, but you can change their settings to suit your needs. For example: Your mage is spamming fire attacks on fire-immune enemies? Turn off her fire spells! There's a large amount of content to be had, and it's a great time. If you like Action RPGs, give this a shot.
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(Nintendo Gameboy Advance Release #2331)
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iNDEPENDENT -- ________/\ ____________ /___/ \/ / \ / / / / / / / / / / / / / /____/ \ __/_________/ /___/ \/ Proudly Presents: <----[Release Info]--------------------------------------> Game - Tales of Phantasia Release Date - 07, March 2006 Platform - Nintendo Gameboy Advance Origin - USA Size - 64 MBiT File Name - ind-topu.zip Supplier - ArctheLad <----[Release Notes]-------------------------------------> ArcDiditBiatch!!! Enjoy! <----[Greetings]-----------------------------------------> N/A
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The House-Band
A successful marriage requires falling in love many times, and always with the same person. - Mignon McLaughlin
The title of my post is not referring to a group of musicians who regularly play at your local bar and grill…although there may be a connection. One ancient meaning for the word "husband" was "the house-band"; a wonderful picture of connecting and keeping together the family. The harmony of marriage plays distinctive tone within a family and I believe my role as "house-band" helps everyone learn their part. My home is the place I play my best music, the surround sound of the songs I sing should deepen the relationships of my wife and children. Night after night the refrain needs to be the same…reminding them of my love and commitment to them.
When I put my children's needs first…I sing a song.
When I lay my life down for my wife…I sing a song
When I faithfully guard my marriage…I sing a song
The songs connect, the songs unite, and the songs encourage and lift. The singing is a melody of strength when each family member is given room to lift their voice. A strong house-band assures that their voice gets heard and valued. My words, actions, prayers and sacrifices help keep the tempo of family growth steady.
Brothers, you have the count the measures, you can't forget the words of marriage (the vows), the music you make together with your wife. Here the house-band has to play the loudest, drowning out all other tunes. This is the beautiful part of our strength as men…the ability to hold it together, to hold that note of love as long as God gives us breath.
Father God is the conductor, the maestro of the songs inside us. He orchestrates a man and a woman in the stanzas of married life to produce future life…in and through them. The chords, the downbeats, the riffs, and the rhythm of marriage need a strong lead vocalist…thankfully, He gives us voice to be (and become) a strong house-band.
"GOD, not you, made marriage. His Spirit inhabits even the smallest details of marriage. And what does he want from marriage? Children of God, that's what. So guard the spirit of marriage within you. Don't cheat on your spouse." Mal 2:15 The Message


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Watermelon Music
Identity, comprehensive planning, logo development, strategy and direct mail supported Watermelon Music, as they grew from a small storefront to an ambitious retail space in downtown Davis.
"As a brand new company, we were overwhelmed by all of the marketing options available to us. Dave helped us ask the right questions regarding who we were marketing to, and how we could best reach them using available resources. The corporate identity and marketing plan he helped us develop has been a key part of our success and growth. We can recommend him highly."
Jeff Simons, President, Watermelon Music
- Database was developed
- Direct mail strategies were successfully deployed
- Branding was defined and refined


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For dogs, anxiety symptoms may include barking, excessive licking, pacing, urinating/defecating in the house, or destructive behavior. Some breeds known for having high anxiety include Jack Russell terriers, Cairn terriers, Weaton terriers, basset houses, Dalmatians, and Great Danes. For cats, anxiety may cause litter box avoidance or depression. With both dogs and cats, always rule out health problems first. A vet may then prescribe an anxiety medication, although behavioral and environmental changes should always be tried first.
Another option is a homeopathic remedy. I have used Rescue Remedy (available at health food stores) for years to calm my pets. It is a Bach flower remedy that contains flower essences that are touted as "yoga in a bottle." Add a few drops in your dog's waterbowl or on his tongue to help take the edge off.
In the book, "The Complete Holistic Dog Book" (page 115), the authors also recommend massaging a few drops "into the areas of bare skin under the earflaps," and adding "10 to 12 drops to a bottle of spring water to mist directly onto your dog, on her bed or into her travel crate." I haven't tried these last two methods, but plan to next time thunder rolls through.
Above all, when in a situation that you think may stress your pet, remain calm yourself. Your pet takes cues from your behavior.
How do you calm a nervous pet?


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The Spanish Association for Psychology of Music and Music Performance (AEPMIM) is the first statewide organization that brings together professionals from areas of both music and psychology simultaneously.
The main goals of AEPMIM are:
- To promote research in psychology of music through the organization of events and publications.
- To disseminate knowledge through educational activities at institutions of formal education (conservatoires and universities) and other centres of non-formal education, as well as periodic scientific activities.
- To promote collaborations with other similar organizations at an international level.
- To lead projects of integration and social actions in potential communities of learning.
- To provide advice on the prevention and treatment of problems resulting from musical performance (stress, anxiety, injuries, etc.)
AEPMIM was founded on June 19th 2015. The members consist of Spanish professionals with double profile in psychology and music, working in most regions of the country and also abroad.
Please, contact us with any questions you may have or for further information at:


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I completely missed the monument. To be honest, I drove right past it.
Even though I was driving slowly along Ridge Road I was past it before my father called out that I had just gone by it. Although the monument was only feet off the road, it was hidden under the two dead shrubs that bordered it and behind a wall of tall grass and weeds.
Backing up, I parked in front of the barn opposite the monument and stepped out. The farmer, who was running a tractor in the field behind the monument, waved as I crossed the road and started clearing away the weeds. I quickly discovered the monument I was searching for – this was the memorial for the Penn's Creek Massacre.
It is hard to imagine that these peaceful, rolling hills between Mifflinburg and New Berlin once ran red with the blood of those who had settled on the Pennsylvania frontier. The fields of corn and other crops hide any signs of the violence that once happened here.
While this monument memorializes the le Roy Family who were tragically killed at this location, it serves as a marker for the changing point in Pennsylvania's relationship with the Delaware Indians, who once lived among the settlers in peace. The massacre that happened here would be the start of a year-long bloody conflict between the Delaware and colonists. Note: Many, including the wording on the memorial, use the English version of his name – John Jacob LeRoy – I opted to use the traditional version of his name, Jean Jacques le Roy, who is also referred to as Jacob King in many sources.
The tension between the Delaware, the colonists and the Iroquois had been building for years before the Penn's Creek massacre. The final blow to the relationship happened the year before. In 1754, the Six Nations agreed to sell the lands of the Susquehanna and Juniata Valleys to the Pennsylvania Provincial Government without any input from the Delaware, who claimed these lands as traditionally being theirs. The Delaware lands were given away without them receiving any compensation.
The events of the summer of 1755, which ended with the defeat of General Braddock's army by the combined forces of French soldiers and Indian warriors, would change Indian relations and scar the Pennsylvania frontier, painting it red with blood from both sides. The defeat of General Braddock gave the Delaware momentum to drive the settlers out of their lands and they began to attack settlements on the Pennsylvania frontier, which was mostly unprotected due to Colonel Dunbar (who replaced the deceased General Braddock as the new leader of the Provincial Army) taking the army into "winter quarters," near Philadelphia in the middle of summer.
By early October 1755 George Croghan, a trader and frontiersman, had warned the provincial government of a planned attack on the settlements on the frontier. Croghan was preparing his quarters at Aughwick (present-day Shirleysburg) for the upcoming troubles and asked for supplies, especially guns and powder, for the stockade he was erecting to protect his interests and also families living in the region.
On October 16, 1755, less than a week after Croghan's warnings, the German settlers on Penn's Creek were attacked. Over two days a party consisting of at least fourteen Delaware swept through the region between present-day New Berlin and Selinsgrove.
The events that happened at the homestead of Jean Jacques le Roy – whose homestead was at the farm near where the monument is erected – later recorded by Barbara Leininger and Marie le Roy after their escape from captivity. It is from their recollections that the details of the massacre were revealed.
Very early on the morning on October 16, 1755, the hired hand of Jean le Roy heard six shots while in the fields and immediately reported back to Jean what he heard. Around eight that morning, the party of Delaware arrived at the le Roy home. They ambushed Jean at the spring near the house, killing him by striking him with their tomahawks. Jean's son, Jacob, tried to defend himself but was overpowered and taken captive. Along with Jacob the Delaware took Marie, Jean's daughter, and a young girl who had been staying with them prisoner.
Note: I have not been able to positively identify the young girl, but there are two possibilities. The first comes from Linn's Annals of Buffalo Valley, Pennsylvania. Linn mentions a girl named Catherine Smith who was recovered during the attack on Kittanning in 1756. While Catherine is not included on either Marie or Barbara's list of prisoners, Linn notes Catherine was from Shamokin. There was a Smith family living near the le Roy homestead, so the unidentified girl may have been Catherine. The second possibility was Marian Wheeler, which has been spelled Villars in some lists. Interestingly, in The Narrative of Marie le Roy and Barbara Leininger, the unidentified girl is referred to as a young girl staying with the le Roy family and never by name.
Once the terrible deed was done, the warriors plundered the house and set it on fire, tossing Jean le Roy's body into it with the two tomahawks still sticking in his bloody head. As this was happening, a neighbor by the name of Bastian was riding past. The raiding party shot and scalped him.
During these horrible activities, two members of the raiding party went to the neighboring Leininger homestead. At the home were Barbara and Rachel Leininger, along with their father and brother. The two Delaware warriors demanded rum and when told they had none, asked for tobacco, which was given to them. They filled and smoked a pipe before they shot and killed Mr. Leininger and then tomahawked the brother to death. Barbara and Rachel were taken prisoner. Mrs. Leininger had gone to the mill that day, which saved her life.
In addition to these murders at the le Roy and Leininger homesteads, that evening members of the party brought six scalps and terrorized the captives with them. The next day members of the party left and later returned with more scalps. The exact number of people killed is not known though most sources have settled on fourteen victims, but the numbers vary from thirteen to sixteen people were killed during the raid, and at least twelve were taken captive. The list of captives I've been able to discover are: Marie and Jacob le Roy, Barbara and Rachel Leininger, Marian Wheeler, Hannah Breylinger and her two children (one of her children died at Kittanning), Catharine Smith, and Peter Lick and his two sons, John and William.
However, as I stood there remembering the tragedy of October 1755, I couldn't help but be overcome with sadness. The massacre that took place here was not a battle between armies – it was not a battle between enemies – it was a slaughter of innocent lives of those who had reached out to become friends with the Delaware. The feeling of terror and despair that the captives must have felt as they watched their family members die and knew their lives would never be the same again seemed to fill the air.
Barbara and Marie would be taken to Fort Duquesne and then on to the Indian town of Muskingum (near present-day Sharon in Mercer County). On March 16, 1759, the two girls finally managed to escape, eventually arriving at Fort Pitt and they were then returned to Philadelphia. Barbara's sister, Rachel, would become a part of folk history when she was returned home after the end of Pontiac's War, but hers is a story for another day.
Note: I do want to address a piece of information about this memorial that is incorrect in many articles I've read. This monument, located along Ridge Road between New Berlin and Mifflinburg, is the one marking the le Roy homestead. For some unknown reason, many places state the two memorials for the massacre, which are located near the mouth of Penn's Creek, mark the location of the le Roy homestead. This is not the case. However, they do remember another part of the Penn's Creek massacre.
To be continued in The Penn's Creek Massacre: Part Two