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This is a scalable context timeline. It contains events related to the event September 23, 1998: US Administration Officials Confirm No Direct Bin Laden Link to Sudanese Factory. You can narrow or broaden the context of this timeline by adjusting the zoom level. The lower the scale, the more relevant the items on average will be, while the higher the scale, the less relevant the items, on average, will be.
Michael Scheuer, head of the CIA's bin Laden unit from 1996 to 1999, later will claim that in a one-year period starting in May 1998, the CIA gives the US government "about ten chances to capture bin Laden or kill him with military means. In all instances, the decision was made that the 'intelligence was not good enough.' This assertion cannot be debated publicly without compromising sources and methods. What can be said, however, is that in all these cases there was more concern expressed by senior bureaucrats and policymakers about how international opinion would react to a US action than there was concern about what might happen to Americans if they failed to act. Indeed, on one occasion these senior leaders decided it was more important to avoid hitting a structure near bin Laden's location with shrapnel, than it was to protect Americans." He will later list six of the attempts in a book: May 1998: a plan to capture bin Laden at his compound south of Kandahar, canceled at the last minute (see 1997-May 29, 1998). September 1998: a capture opportunity north of Kandahar, presumably by Afghan tribals working for the CIA (see September-October 1998). December 1998: canceled US missile strike on the governor's palace in Kandahar (see December 18-20, 1998). February 1999: Military attack opportunity on governor's residence in Herat (see February 1999). February 1999: Multiple military attack opportunities at a hunting camp near Kandahar attended by United Arab Emirates royals (see February 11, 1999). May 1999: Military attack opportunities on five consecutive nights in Kandahar (see May 1999). Also in late August 1998, there is one failed attempt to kill bin Laden.(see August 20, 1998) [Atlantic Monthly, 12/2004; Scheuer, 2008, pp. 284] Counterterrorism "tsar" Richard Clarke later will strongly disagree with Scheuer's assessment, claiming that the intelligence needed for such an attack on bin Laden was never very good. But he will also point out that the National Security Council and White House never killed any of the operations Scheuer wanted. It was always CIA Director George Tenet and other top CIA leaders who rejected the proposals. Scheuer will agree that it was always Tenet who turned down the operations. [Vanity Fair, 11/2004]
Entity Tags: Osama bin Laden, Michael Scheuer, George J. Tenet, Alec Station, Central Intelligence Agency, Clinton administration, National Security Council, Richard A. Clarke
Timeline Tags: Complete 911 Timeline
Relations between Taliban head Mullah Omar and bin Laden grow tense, and Omar discusses a secret deal with the Saudis, who have urged the Taliban to expel bin Laden from Afghanistan. Head of Saudi intelligence Prince Turki al-Faisal travels to Kandahar, Afghanistan, and brokers the deal. According to Turki, he seeks to have the Taliban turn bin Laden over to Saudi custody. Omar agrees in principle, but requests that the parties establish a joint commission to work out how bin Laden would be dealt with in accordance with Islamic law. [Coll, 2004, pp. 400-02] Note that some reports of a meeting around this time—and the deal discussed—vary dramtically from Turki's version (see May 1996 and July 1998). If this version is correct, before a deal can be reached, the US strikes Afghanistan in August in retaliation for the US African embassy bombings (see August 20, 1998), driving Omar and bin Laden back together. Turki later states that "the Taliban attitude changed 180 degrees," and that Omar is "absolutely rude" to him when he visits again in September (see Mid-September 1998). [Guardian, 11/5/2001; London Times, 8/3/2002]
Entity Tags: Saudi Arabia, Osama bin Laden, Mullah Omar, Turki al-Faisal
Sayyid Iskandar Suliman. This picture is from a poor photocopy of his passport found in Sudanese intelligence files. [Source: Public domain via Richard Miniter]On August 4, 1998, Sudanese immigration suspects two men, Sayyid Nazir Abbass and Sayyid Iskandar Suliman, arriving in Sudan, apparently due to something in their Pakistani passports. They attempt to rent an apartment overlooking the US embassy. Three days later, US embassies are bombed in Kenya and Tanzania (see 10:35-10:39 a.m., August 7, 1998). Within hours, Sudanese officials arrest Abbass and Suliman. The two of them had just come from Kenya, and one of them quickly admits to staying in the same hotel in Kenya as some of the embassy bombers. Sudanese intelligence believes they are al-Qaeda operatives involved in the bombings. [Observer, 9/30/2001; Vanity Fair, 1/2002; Randal, 2005, pp. 132-135] The US embassy in Sudan has been shut down for several years. But around August 14, a Sudanese intelligence official contacts an intermediary and former White House employee named Janet McElligott and gives her a vague message that Sudan is holding important suspects and the FBI should send a team immediately to see if they want to take custody of them. [Randal, 2005, pp. 132-135] The FBI wants the two men, but on August 17, Secretary of State Madeleine Albright forbids their extradition. The US has decided to bomb a factory in Sudan in retaliation for the embassy bombings instead of cooperating with Sudan. But FBI agent John O'Neill is not yet aware of Albright's decision, and word of the Sudanese offer reaches him on August 19. He wants immediate approval to arrest the two suspects and flies to Washington that evening to discuss the issue with counterterrorism "tsar" Richard Clarke. But Clarke tells O'Neill to speak to Attorney General Janet Reno. Later that night, O'Neill talks to Reno and she tells him that the decision to retaliate against Sudan instead has already been made. Mere hours later, the US attack a factory in Sudan with cruise missiles (see August 20, 1998). Within days, it becomes apparent that the factory had no link to al-Qaeda (see September 23, 1998), and no link between the bombings and the Sudanese government will emerge (although Sudan harbored bin Laden until 1996). [Randal, 2005, pp. 132-138] The Sudanese will continue to hold the two men in hopes to make a deal with the US. But the US is not interested, so after two weeks they are send to Pakistan and set free there (see August 20-September 2, 1998).
Entity Tags: US Department of State, Sayyid Nazir Abbass, Sayyid Iskandar Suliman, Sudan, Osama bin Laden, Janet Reno, John O'Neill, Madeleine Albright, Richard A. Clarke, Federal Bureau of Investigation
Bombings of the Nairobi, Kenya, US embassy (left), and the Dar es Salaam, Tanzania, US embassy (right). [Source: Associated Press]Two US embassies in Africa are bombed within minutes of each other. At 10:35 a.m., local time, a suicide car bomb attack in Nairobi, Kenya, kills 213 people, including 12 US nationals, and injures more than 4,500. Mohamed al-Owhali and someone known only as Azzam are the suicide bombers, but al-Owhali runs away at the last minute and survives. Four minutes later, a suicide car bomb attack in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania, kills 11 and injures 85. Hamden Khalif Allah Awad is the suicide bomber there. The attacks will be blamed on al-Qaeda. [PBS Frontline, 2001; United States of America v. Usama Bin Laden, et al., Day 38, 5/2/2001] The Tanzania death toll is low because, remarkably, the attack takes place on a national holiday so the US embassy there is closed. [Miller, Stone, and Mitchell, 2002, pp. 195] The attack shows al-Qaeda has a capability for simultaneous attacks. The Tanzania bombing appears to have been a late addition, as one of the arrested bombers will allegedly tell US agents that it was added to the plot only about 10 days in advance. [United State of America v. Usama bin Laden, et al., Day 14, 3/7/2001] A third attack against the US embassy in Uganda does not take place due to a last-minute delay (see August 7, 1998). [Associated Press, 9/25/1998] August 7, 1998, is the eighth anniversary of the arrival of US troops in Saudi Arabia and some people will speculate that this is the reason for the date of the bombings. [Gunaratna, 2003, pp. 46] In the 2002 book The Cell, reporters John Miller, Michael Stone, and Chris Mitchell will write: "What has become clear with time is that facets of the East Africa plot had been known beforehand to the FBI, the CIA, the State Department, and to Israeli and Kenyan intelligence services.… [N]o one can seriously argue that the horrors of August 7, 1998, couldn't have been prevented." They will also comment, "Inexplicable as the intelligence failure was, more baffling still was that al-Qaeda correctly presumed that a major attack could be carried out by a cell that US agents had already uncovered." [Miller, Stone, and Mitchell, 2002, pp. 195, 206] After 9/11, it will come to light that three of the alleged hijackers, Khalid Almihdhar, Nawaf Alhazmi, and Salem Alhazmi, had some involvement in the bombings (see October 4, 2001, Late 1999, and 1993-1999) and that the US intelligence community was aware of this involvement by late 1999 (see December 15-31, 1999), if not before.
Entity Tags: Salem Alhazmi, Nawaf Alhazmi, Mohamed al-Owhali, Hamden Khalif Allah Awad, Khalid Almihdhar, Al-Qaeda, Azzam
President Clinton is aware of the links between the Pakistani ISI, Taliban, and al-Qaeda. In his 2005 autobiography, he will explain why he did not warn the Pakistani government more than several minutes in advance that it was firing missiles over Pakistan in an attempt to hit Osama bin Laden in Afghanistan (see August 20, 1998). He will write: "Although we were trying to work with Pakistan to defuse tensions on the Indian subcontinent, and our two nations had been allies during the Cold War, Pakistan supported the Taliban and, by extension, al-Qaeda. The Pakistani intelligence service used some of the same camps that bin Laden and al-Qaeda did to train the Taliban and insurgents who fought in Kashmir. If Pakistan had found out about our planned attacks in advance, it was likely that Pakistani intelligence would warn the Taliban or even al-Qaeda." [Clinton, 2005, pp. 799] Despite this precaution, it appears the ISI successfully warns bin Laden in advance anyway (see August 20, 1998). Clinton takes no firm against against Pakistan for its links to the Taliban and al-Qaeda, such as including Pakistan on the State Department's list of state sponsors of terrorism.
Entity Tags: Osama bin Laden, Pakistan Directorate for Inter-Services Intelligence, Taliban, William Jefferson ("Bill") Clinton, Al-Qaeda
In 1998, President Clinton faces a growing scandal about his sexual relationship with aide Monica Lewinsky, and even faces the possibility of impeachment over the matter. He is publicly interrogated about the scandal on August 17, 1998. Counterterrorism "tsar" Richard Clarke will later claim that he worries Clinton might let the timing of the scandal get in the way of acting on new intelligence to hit Osama bin Laden with a missile strike in retaliation for the recent African embassy bombings (see 10:35-10:39 a.m., August 7, 1998). But Clarke is reassured when Clinton tells his advisers, "Do you all recommend that we strike on the 20th? Fine. Do not give me political advice or personal advice about the timing. That's my problem. Let me worry about that." [Clarke, 2004, pp. 185-186] Defense Secretary William Cohen also warns Clinton that he will be criticized for changing the subject from the Lewinsky scandal. [Benjamin and Simon, 2005, pp. 358] Criticism from Politicians - Clinton gives the go-ahead for the missile strike on August 20th anyway (see August 20, 1998) and is immediately widely criticized for it. In late 1997, there was a popular movie called "Wag the Dog," based on a fictional president who creates an artificial crisis in order to distract the public from a domestic scandal. Republicans are particularly critical and seize upon a comparison to the movie. House Speaker Newt Gingrich (R-GA) initially supports the missile strike, but later criticizes it as mere "pinpricks." [9/11 Commission, 7/24/2004, pp. 117] Sen. Arlen Specter (R-PA) says, "The president was considering doing something presidential to try to focus attention away from his personal problems." [Benjamin and Simon, 2005, pp. 358-359] Sen. Daniel Coats (R-IN) says, "I just hope and pray the decision that was made was made on the basis of sound judgment, and made for the right reasons, and not made because it was necessary to save the president's job." [New York Times, 8/4/2004] Media Criticism - The media is also very critical, despite a lack of any evidence that Clinton deliberately timed the missile strike as a distraction. Television networks repeatedly show clips of the "Wag the Dog" movie after the missile strike. New Yorker journalist Seymour Hersh reports, "Some reporters questioned whether the president had used military force to distract the nation's attention from the Lewinsky scandal." [Benjamin and Simon, 2005, pp. 358-359] 9/11 Commission Commentary - The 9/11 Commission will later conclude, "The failure of the strikes, the 'wag the dog' slur, the intense partisanship of the period, and the [fact that one of the missile targets probably had no connection to bin Laden (see September 23, 1998)] likely had a cumulative effect on future decisions about the use of force against bin Laden." [9/11 Commission, 7/24/2004, pp. 118]
Entity Tags: Richard A. Clarke, William S. Cohen, William Jefferson ("Bill") Clinton, Osama bin Laden, Monica Lewinsky, Daniel Coats, Arlen Specter, Newt Gingrich
Through its own monitoring of Osama bin Laden's satellite phone, the CIA determines that he intends to travel to a training camp in Khost, in eastern Afghanistan. The CIA has to use its own equipment to do this because of a dispute with the NSA, which refused to provide it with full details of its intercepts of bin Laden's calls (see December 1996). Although the CIA can only get half of what the NSA gets, shortly after the attacks on US embassies in East Africa (see 10:35-10:39 a.m., August 7, 1998), it determines that bin Laden will travel to Khost the next day. On that day, the US launches several missile strikes, one of which is against Khost (see August 20, 1998), but bin Laden does not travel there, evading the missiles. Some will later claim that bin Laden changes his mind on the way there for no particular reason, but there will also be allegations that the Pakistani ISI warned him of the upcoming attack (see July 1999). [Wright, 2006, pp. 283]
Entity Tags: National Security Agency, Al-Qaeda, Osama bin Laden, Central Intelligence Agency
El Shifa Plant in Sudan. [Source: US government]The US fires 66 missiles at six al-Qaeda training camps in Afghanistan and 13 missiles at a pharmaceutical factory in Khartoum, Sudan, in retaliation for the US embassy bombings. [Washington Post, 10/3/2001] The US insists the attacks are aimed at terrorists "not supported by any state," despite obvious evidence to the contrary. The Sudanese Al Shifa factory is hit in the middle of the night when it is unoccupied. Intelligence will later suggest that the factory had no links to bin Laden (see September 23, 1998). Between six and 30 people are killed in the Afghanistan attacks. But no important al-Qaeda figures die. [Observer, 8/23/1998; New Yorker, 1/24/2000; Wright, 2006, pp. 285] At least one of the missiles accidentally landed inside Pakistan and Pakistan may have been able to build their own cruise missile from examining the remains. There are additional reports that bin Laden was able to sell unexploded missiles to China for more than $10 million. [Wright, 2006, pp. 285] President Clinton is soon widely accused of using the missile strike to distract the US public from a personal sex scandal (see August 17-Late August 1998).
Entity Tags: Al-Qaeda, Clinton administration
State Department official Michael Malinowski. [Source: Reuters / Corbis]Two days after the US missile strikes on militant training camps in Afghanistan (see August 20, 1998), top Taliban leader Mullah Omar unexpectedly telephones the State Department in Washington. He talks to Michael Malinowski, office director for Pakistan, Afghanistan, and Bangladesh in the Bureau of South Asian Affairs. Although Mullah Omar does not threaten the US, he suggests that the missile strikes could spark more terrorist attacks. He says the Taliban is open to the idea of establishing a secure communication channel with US officials, possibly through the US embassy in Pakistan (there is no embassy in Afghanistan). The State Department comments, "Omar's contact with a US official is rather remarkable, given his reclusive nature and his past avoidance of contact with all things American." [US Department of State, 8/23/1998 ; US Department of State, 1/14/2002] The US then sends the Taliban some evidence of bin Laden's militant activities (see August 23, 1998), but it appears the secure communications channel never materializes.
Entity Tags: Taliban, Michael Malinowski, US Department of State, Mullah Omar
Bin Laden's satellite phone is being monitored by US intelligence at the time of the US embassy bombings in early August 1998 (see November 1996-Late August 1998 and 10:35-10:39 a.m., August 7, 1998). Washington Times Article Falsely Blamed - On August 21, 1998, an article in the Washington Times says of bin Laden, "He keeps in touch with the world via computers and satellite phones…" The Washington Post will later note, "The information in the article does not appear to be based on any government leak and made no reference to government surveillance of bin Laden's phone." Other articles published on the same day make similar claims. However, it will become widely believed that this article causes bin Laden to stop using his satellite phone, which is being secretly monitored by the US (see November 1996-Late August 1998). [Washington Post, 12/20/2005] For instance, the 9/11 Commission will later blame this article and President Bush will repeat the story in late 2005. However, bin Laden's use of a satellite phone was already widely publicized. For instance, in December 1996, Time magazine noted that bin Laden "uses satellite phones to contact fellow Islamic militants in Europe, the Middle East, and Africa." In 1997, bin Laden actually talked in a CNN interview about his use of satellite phones. First Mention that US Was Monitoring His Calls in September - It is only on September 7, 1998, after bin Laden apparently stopped using his phone, that the Los Angeles Times is the first newspaper to mention that the US is monitoring his calls. The article says that US authorities "used their communications intercept capacity to pick up calls placed by bin Laden on his Inmarsat satellite phone, despite his apparent use of electronic 'scramblers.'" [Washington Post, 12/22/2005] Bin Laden Tipped Off by Missile Strike? - One possible explanation is that bin Laden stops using his phone after the August 1998 missile strike aimed at him (see August 20, 1998) for fear that the phone was used as a homing device for the missiles. The phone was in fact used as a homing device, and Defense Secretary William Cohen publicly acknowledged this by early 2001. The missile strike took place just one day before the Washington Times article. [United Press International, 2/21/2001] In 1998, a US man named Tarik Hamdi delivered a new battery for bin Laden's phone. A former head of the CIA's Counter Terrorism Center has stated that the battery was somehow bugged to improve US monitoring of bin Laden (see May 28, 1998). Bin Laden Tipped Off before the Strike? - Another possibility is that bin Laden stopped using his phone just before the missile strike. Sunday Times reporter Simon Reeve claims the Pakistani ISI warned him about the strike hours before it happened, and told him that his phone use was being monitored by the US (see August 20, 1998). [Reeve, 1999, pp. 201-202]
Entity Tags: William S. Cohen, Tarik Hamdi, Osama bin Laden
According to Saudi intelligence minister Prince Turki al-Faisal, he participates in a second meeting with Taliban leader Mullah Omar at this time. Supposedly, earlier in the year Omar made a secret deal with Turki to hand bin Laden over to Saudi Arabia (see June 1998) and Turki is now ready to finalize the deal. ISI Director Gen. Naseem Rana is at the meeting as well. But in the wake of the US missile bombing of Afghanistan (August 20, 1998), Omar yells at Turki and denies ever having made a deal. Turki leaves empty handed. [Wright, 2006, pp. 244] However, other reports stand in complete contrast to this, suggesting that earlier in the year Turki colluded with the ISI to support bin Laden, not capture him (see May 1996 and July 1998).
Entity Tags: Naseem Rana, Osama bin Laden, Pakistan Directorate for Inter-Services Intelligence, Taliban, Mullah Omar, Turki al-Faisal
The destroyed Al Shifa factory. [Source: Yannick Lemieux]Senior Clinton administration officials admit they had no evidence directly linking bin Laden to the Al Shifa factory at the time of retaliatory strikes on August 20, 1998 (see August 20, 1998). However, intelligence officials assert that they found financial transactions between bin Laden and the Military Industrial Corporation—a company run by the Sudan's government. [New York Times, 9/23/1998; PBS Frontline, 2001] A soil sample is said to show that the pharmaceutical factory was producing chemical weapons, but many doubts about the sample later arise. [New York Times, 9/21/1998; New Yorker, 10/12/1998] Two anonymous US officials will later tell NBC that the soil sample was not taken at the factory, but across the street. It also comes to light that the person the US thought owned the factory in fact had sold it five months earlier. The Sudanese government asks for a US or UN investigation of the attack, but the US is not interested. [Randal, 2005, pp. 139-140] The US later unfreezes the bank accounts of the factory owner, Salah Idriss, and takes other conciliatory actions, but admits no wrongdoing. It is later learned that of the six camps targeted in Afghanistan, only four were hit, and of those, only one had definitive connections to bin Laden. Clinton declares that the missiles were aimed at a "gathering of key terrorist leaders," but it is later revealed that the referenced meeting took place a month earlier, in Pakistan. [Observer, 8/23/1998; New Yorker, 1/24/2000]
Entity Tags: Military Industrial Corporation, William Jefferson ("Bill") Clinton, Salah Idriss, Osama bin Laden, Clinton administration
Counterterrorism "tsar" Richard Clarke advocates an aggressive approach to dealing with terrorists and countries that harbor them, and says terrorists are likely to go after America's "Achilles' heel," which is "in Washington… in New York," and "throughout the country." He makes these comments during a two-day conference on countering chemical and biological warfare, held in Washington, DC. [New York Times, 10/8/1998; USIS Washington File, 10/8/1998] Enemies Could Target Washington or New York - In his speech at the conference, Clarke says, "The United States can defeat in a conventional war any other military in the world." Therefore: "Our enemies instead will use unconventional techniques, either exclusively or as a supplement to their attack. They will use terrorism. They will use cyber attack and information warfare. And they will use chem-bio attack." He adds that America's enemies "will go after our Achilles' heel," which is "in Washington. It is in New York. It is throughout the country. For no longer can we count as a nation on the two great oceans defending us from foreign attack here at home." US Willing to Take 'The First Step' - Clarke says that the US government has developed a strategy for dealing with chemical and biological weapons attacks, which includes an aggressive approach toward terrorist groups and rogue states. He says these groups and states "should know that those who engage in terrorist acts, including terrorist acts involving chemical and biological weapons, can be assured that they will pay a high price." The government's promise to them is "attack us and you will unleash a relentless and methodical machine against you." Furthermore, Clarke says, the US is willing to act preemptively: "The United States reserves for itself the right of self-defense, and if that means our taking the first step, we will do so. We will not tolerate terrorist organizations acquiring or maintaining stockpiles of weapons of mass destruction." [USIS Washington File, 10/8/1998] US Will Target Countries that Harbor Terrorists - In an interview after his speech, Clarke emphasizes that countries that harbor these terrorist groups also risk being targeted by the US. He points to the recent missile attacks against Sudan in retaliation for the US embassy bombings in Africa (see August 20, 1998), and says the US will "definitely do something" about such countries. "The something depends on what the circumstances are." [New York Times, 10/8/1998] Clarke will repeat his claim that the nation's "Achilles' heel" terrorists will come after is "here in the United States" in an April 2000 interview with the Washington Post (see April 2, 2000). [Washington Post, 4/2/2000]
Entity Tags: Richard A. Clarke
Timeline Tags: Complete 911 Timeline, 9/11 Timeline
Shortly after an August 1998 US missile strike on Afghanistan (see August 20, 1998), bin Laden stops using his satellite phone, correctly deciding that it was being monitored by US intelligence (see Late August 1998). According to counterterrorism expert Rohan Gunaratna, al-Qaeda quickly "developed a system to deceive those monitoring his calls. [But] Western security and intelligence agencies were soon able to monitor the new system, which was based on transferring international calls within safe houses in Pakistan to make them seem like domestic calls." Other al-Qaeda leaders such as Abu Zubaida will be frequently monitored as they make calls using this new system (see October 1998 and After). Gunaratna later claims to have learned this from a confidential source in a "communications monitoring agency" in Western Europe. [Gunaratna, 2003, pp. 15-16, 3291] It is not known how long it took until al-Qaeda realized this new system was compromised, but there are accounts of bin Laden and Zubaida's calls being monitored days before 9/11 (see Early September 2001, September 9, 2001, and Early September 2001).
Entity Tags: Osama bin Laden, Abu Zubaida
Tony Kushner. [Source: PBS]Tony Kushner, a Pulitzer Prize-winning American playwright, writes a play in which Osama bin Laden is referred to and a disgruntled character warns that Afghanistan's ruling Taliban—which will be condemned for harboring bin Laden after 9/11—is "coming to New York." [Village Voice, 12/4/2001; Washington Post, 12/12/2001; Los Angeles Times, 12/20/2001] The play, called Homebody/Kabul, is about a middle-aged English woman who travels to Afghanistan in 1998 and mysteriously disappears there. Her husband and daughter then go to Afghanistan to search for her. [Cleveland Jewish News, 9/19/2002] Character Is Told the Taliban Are 'Coming to New York' - In one scene, Mahala, an embittered Afghan woman, complains to Priscilla, the young English woman who is searching for her mother, about the world's indifference to the brutal rule of the Taliban. "We must suffer under the Taliban so that the US can settle a 20-year-old score with Iran!" Mahala says. Apparently mistakenly thinking Priscilla is American, she continues, "You love the Taliban so much, bring them to New York!" In conclusion, she says, "Well, don't worry, they're coming to New York!" [Washington Post, 12/12/2001; Los Angeles Times, 12/20/2001; Kushner, 2002, pp. 85] Character Jokes about Bin Laden Being Killed - In another scene, bin Laden, who will be accused of ordering the 9/11 attacks on New York and Washington, DC, is mentioned. Two characters, Quango and Milton, are joking that the United States "has smiled down on the Taliban" up until the previous week, "when America bombed them!" Quango says the Americans killed "quite a number of people" in the attack. In response, Milton jokingly exclaims, "Osama bin Laden!" but Quango comments, "No, they missed him." [Kushner, 2002, pp. 100-101] Play Is Written in Response to the US Attack on Afghanistan in 1998 - Kushner reportedly writes Homebody/Kabul partly in response to America's cruise missile attack on terrorist training camps in Afghanistan, in August 1998 (see August 20, 1998), in retaliation for the bombings of the US embassies in Kenya and Tanzania (see 10:35-10:39 a.m., August 7, 1998). [Los Angeles Times, 12/20/2001; Cleveland Jewish News, 9/19/2002] It is unclear, however, exactly when the play is written. Kushner writes it, or at least starts writing it, in 1999, according to some reports. [Los Angeles Times, 12/20/2001; Metro Weekly, 3/10/2004; Denver Post, 3/16/2011] But according to other reports, he started work on it as early as 1997 or 1998. [Washington Post, 12/12/2001; New Yorker, 1/28/2002; San Francisco Chronicle, 4/14/2002; Australian Broadcasting Corporation, 2/18/2007] Writer Will Say that 9/11 Was Foreseeable - Homebody/Kabul will have its world premiere in New York about three months after 9/11, in December 2001. Coverage of the play will be filled with mentions of Kushner's supposed "prescience" and "prophesy." [Village Voice, 12/4/2001; Los Angeles Times, 12/20/2001; Observer, 5/5/2002] But Kushner will later dismiss these suggestions. "I'm not psychic," he will write, adding, "If lines in Homebody/Kabul seem 'eerily prescient'… we ought to consider that the information required to foresee, long before 9/11, at least the broad outline of serious trouble ahead was so abundant and easy of access that even a playwright could avail himself of it." [Kushner, 2002, pp. 144] "So much of [what happened on September 11, 2001] was foreseeable—and had been foreseen by clear-thinking people," he will explain to the Denver Post. Therefore, he will say, "It wasn't very hard to smell that particular rat." [Denver Post, 3/16/2011]
Entity Tags: Tony Kushner, Osama bin Laden, Taliban
Yellowcake. [Source: CBC]Pakistani nuclear scientist A. Q. Khan takes a trip to West Africa. Ostensibly, he is going to oversee the construction of the Hendrina Khan Hotel in Timbuktu, Mali, which he bought the year before and is named after his wife, but it is believed that is just a cover for nuclear-related business. He spends several days in Khartoum, Sudan, where he is spotted touring the al-Shifa factory, bombed by the US the year before in response to al-Qaeda bombings in Africa (see August 20, 1998). In 2006, intelligence sources in India and Israel will claim that Khan actually partly owns the factory. Khan then travels to N'Djamena, the capital of Chad, Timbuktu in Mali, and Niamey, the capital of Niger. Niger has considerable uranium deposits and had been a major supplier of yellowcake uranium to Pakistan in the 1970s. Khan returns to Sudan, where he meets with the Sudanese president, and then returns to Pakistan. He is accompanied by his top nuclear aides and a number of Pakistani generals, and all expenses on the trip are paid for by the Pakistani government. CIA Investigates Khan Trip - CIA undercover agent Valerie Plame Wilson learns about the trip, and the CIA is so concerned that it launches an investigation, especially to find out if Khan could be buying yellowcake from Niger. Plame Wilson's husband Joseph Wilson, a former National Security Council official and US ambassador to the nearby country of Gabon who has close ties to important politicians in Niger, and who who has just set up a private consulting firm with a focus on advising clients who want to do business in Africa, is approached by officials from the CIA's National Resources Division (NR) to visit Niger. The agency asks Wilson, who already has a business trip planned to West Africa, to find out what he can about Khan's trip. Illicit Uranium Sales Highly Unlikely - Wilson concludes that illicit uranium sales are very unlikely since the French government tightly controls Niger's uranium mines and uranium sales. However, Khan's trip does raise concern that he could be working with Osama bin Laden, because of his interest in the al-Shifa factory in Sudan, and because of intelligence that the hotel he owns in Timbuktu was paid for by bin Laden as part of a cooperative deal between them. The CIA writes and distributes a report on the trip. (In 2004, the Senate Intelligence Committee will erroneously conclude that the CIA did not distribute the Wilson-Niger report—see July 9, 2004.) Wilson will keep this trip secret, even refusing to mention it in his 2004 memoir The Politics of Truth, presumably because he signed a confidentiality agreement with the CIA. In 2002, he will return to Niger to investigate if Saddam Hussein could be buying uranium in Niger (see February 21, 2002-March 4, 2002). That will lead to the eventual outing of his wife Plame Wilson's status as a CIA agent. [Levy and Scott-Clark, 2007, pp. 283-285, 516; Wilson, 2007, pp. 358-360]
Entity Tags: Valerie Plame Wilson, Abdul Qadeer Khan, Osama bin Laden, Joseph C. Wilson
Timeline Tags: Complete 911 Timeline, A. Q. Khan's Nuclear Network, Niger Uranium and Plame Outing
Hours after the USS Cole bombing in Yemen (see October 12, 2000), President Clinton says regarding the bombing: "If, as it now appears, this was an act of terrorism, it was a despicable and cowardly act. We will find out who was responsible and hold them accountable." [ABC News, 10/12/2000] But the US will not quickly retaliate against al-Qaeda, as it did with missile strikes after the 1998 US embassy bombings in East Africa (see August 20, 1998), despite convincing evidence that al-Qaeda was behind the Cole bombing (see Shortly After October 12, 2000, November 2000 or After, and November 7, 2000).
Entity Tags: William Jefferson ("Bill") Clinton
Following the attack on the USS Cole in Yemen (see October 12, 2000), the Clinton administration discusses what standard of evidence it needs to launch a counter-strike against al-Qaeda, which it suspects of the bombing. Following the bombing of the US embassies in East Africa (see 10:35-10:39 a.m., August 7, 1998), the administration fired a number of cruise missiles at suspected al-Qaeda targets (see August 20, 1998). However, the administration decides it must have evidence that bin Laden and al-Qaeda's leadership has authority, direction, and control of the attack before initiating a response. CIA Director George Tenet will comment: "This is a high threshold to cross." Tenet will also say that this threshold was not set by the CIA, but by "policy makers." [Tenet, 2007, pp. 128] Although the bombing is tied to three known leading al-Qaeda operatives, Khallad bin Attash (see November 11, 2000), Abd al-Rahim al-Nashiri (see November-December 2000), and Ahmed al-Hada (see November 2000 or After), early on in the investigation, no counterstrike is initiated (see Shortly After October 12, 2000 and Late October 2000). Counterterrorism "tsar" Richard Clarke will express his frustration with the inaction: "[I]n Washington neither CIA nor FBI would state the obvious: al-Qaeda did it. We knew there was a large al-Qaeda cell in Yemen There was also a large cell of Egyptian Islamic Jihad, but that group had now announced its complete merger into al-Qaeda, so what difference did it make which group did the attack? [Counterterrorism staff] had worked around the clock piecing together the evidence and had made a very credible case against al-Qaeda. CIA would agree only months later." [Clarke, 2004, pp. 223] The authors of the 2002 book The Cell will later write: "The links to bin Laden were everywhere. Each of the suspects being held in Yemen had admitted training in the Afghan camps run by bin Laden… neither the FBI nor the CIA was ever able to tell the president that they had direct proof that the Cole was a bin Laden-ordered job, though now, in retrospect, it seems terribly obvious. In any case, even if there had been compelling proof that bin Laden was behind the Cole bombing, there was little chance that the Clinton administration would have launched an attack on any Islamic country while he was trying to get the Israelis and Palestinians to the peace table." [Miller, Stone, and Mitchell, 2002, pp. 238]
Entity Tags: George J. Tenet, Richard A. Clarke, Clinton administration
At around 8:00 p.m., Afghanistan time (11:30 a.m., New York time), Taliban leader Mullah Omar allegedly says, "Things have gone much further than expected." This is according to what the New Yorker will describe as "Afghan intelligence sources" who monitor the call. (It is unclear what "Afghan intelligence sources" means, since the Taliban control nearly all of Afghanistan at this time, but it could be a reference to Northern Alliance forces; the CIA gave them equipment to monitor the Taliban (see Winter 1999-March 2000).) Omar's comment takes place over an hour after one of the World Trade Center towers collapsed, which means thousands have been killed in the attacks, not hundreds (see 9:59 a.m. September 11, 2001). An Afghan intelligence official will later say: "They were expecting a reaction. But they thought it would be a Clinton-type reaction. They didn't anticipate the kind of revenge that occurred." [New Yorker, 6/10/2002] The "Clinton-type reaction" presumably is a reference to the August 1998 missile strikes on Sudan and Afghanistan during the Clinton administration (see August 20, 1998).
Entity Tags: Mullah Omar
Timeline Tags: Complete 911 Timeline, 9/11 Timeline, War in Afghanistan
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All 13U events will be Metal bat. All bats must have a branding, label, or stamp proving BPF 1.15 or BBCOR on it. There is length to weight ratio maximum of -5 (5 ounces).Wood Bats are allowed.
WWBA - Wood Bat Tournaments (14U-18U)
Wood bat only. Must be composed of a single piece of wood.
The following are the only composite bats allowed:
5150 Composite Pro Wood WC5150
Big Stick R243CH
Big Stick R243CS
VELO Composite Wood R110CV
VELO Composite Wood R110CH
VELO Composite Wood R110CR
VELO Composite Wood Y151CV
Rawlings Composite 243MBS
Rawlings Composite 243CUS
Rawlings Composite 110CMB
Rawlings CompositeY151CB
Rawlings Maple/Bamboo Composite 271 MBC
Rawlings Maple/Bamboo Composite SL151G
AAA Pro Baum Bat
Models: D243, D271, I13, D110
AP5 Hybrid Pro Model

subset: commoncrawl


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Product 40/50
The sleek lines and brilliant white finish is sure to make an impression and serve as the perfect backdrop for any world cuisine.
Vanilla Butterfly exhibits elegant curved designs.
Oval Bowl 7.5 inch 10 ounce
- Contemporary Style - Every Day China - Porcelain- Dishwasher - Microwave - Warm Oven Safe - Made in China


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Pasco County operates nine congregate dining sites that offer a nutritious meal and various program activities. There is no charge for these meals, but donations are requested. Additionally, Pasco County delivers meals to homes of the elderly through two programs: The Elderly Nutrition Program meal is offered for a donation only. The Meals on Wheels program requires a registration fee and a $6 fee per meal. Meals include low-fat milk. For information on any of these meal options or to volunteer, call (727) 834-3340 in West Pasco; (352) 521-5174 in East Pasco; or (813) 929-1231 in Central Pasco.
Monday: Beef with rotini pasta, parsley carrots, Italian vegetable medley, dinner roll with margarine, applesauce, low-fat milk.
Tuesday: Barbecued pork riblet on burger bun, pinto beans, yellow corn, mixed fruit, low-fat milk.
Wednesday: Breaded fish filet with tartar sauce, cheese grits, tomatoes and okra, apple juice, whole-grain bread with margarine, low-fat milk.
Thursday: Salisbury steak with brown gravy, garlic mashed potatoes, green peas, rye bread with margarine, graham crackers, low-fat milk.
Friday: Barbecued chicken thigh, brown rice, collard greens with turkey ham, corn bread with margarine, fresh orange, low-fat milk.


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Stock Image
Price: $2.00
Quantity: 1 available
Book Condition: GOOD
New York Times bestselling author Karen Hawkins sets Scottish hearts afire in this delightfully witty and sexy Regency romance, the first in her Duchess Diaries series.Urged by her favorite nephew, the intimidating Duchess of Roxburghe agrees to transform a thorny Scottish rose into a lovely bloom. But even she isn't prepared for fiery Rose Balfour. At seventeen, Rose fell wildly in love with Lord Alton Sinclair, known as Lord Sin for his wicked ways. Stung by his indifference, the starry-eyed girl tried to win an illicit kiss, but then panicked and pushed the notorious rakehell into a fountain. Leaving Lord Sin floating among the lily pads to the mocking laughter of his peers, Rose escaped back to the obscurity of the Scottish countryside. Six years later, Sin convinces his aunt, the Duchess of Roxburghe, to invite Rose to her annual house party, where he plans to get revenge by making Rose the laughingstock of polite society. To his astonishment, he finds she has become an alluring woman who threatens to turn the tables on his nefarious plans. Thus Sin and Rose begin an epic battle of the sexes that becomes more passionate at every turn. Eventually, one will have to surrender...but to vengeance? Or to love's deepest passion?
Title: How to Capture a Countess
Categories: regency,
Publisher: POCKET BOOKS:
ISBN Number: 1451685173
ISBN Number 13: 9781451685176
Binding: Mass Market Paperback
Book Condition: GOOD
lb: 2.10 lb
Seller ID: 9781451685176


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Court records show former Baltimore Mayor Sheila Dixon has been charged with violating her probation on theft and perjury charges.
Dixon, a Democrat, resigned in 2010 after she pleaded guilty to lying about gifts from her former boyfriend, a developer who received tax breaks from the city. She was also convicted of stealing about $500 in gift cards donated to the city for needy families.
Dixon received probation before judgment, meaning the convictions could be wiped from her record. She was required to contribute $45,000 to charity and perform 500 hours of community service, among other conditions.
Online records show the probation violation was filed Monday. Dixon tells The Baltimore Sun that she had fallen behind on payments she was required to make as part of her plea deal.


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A Jersey Shore community hit hard by Superstorm Sandy is using a new method to protect their beach from future violent storms.
Ocean Gate is the first New Jersey town to use beach prisms. The heavy pieces of concrete, which are shaped similarly to highway barriers, act as giant brakes for waves.
"There's a built-in parabolic curve right here and when the wave hits that parabolic curve it scatters away as spray," said Jay McKenna, the Beach Prisms regional sales manager.
Thirty-five of the beach prisms, which are precast with triangular openings, will be placed inside the Toms River in Ocean Gate. Once nearly submerged in the water, about 50 feet from the sand, the prisms are designed to prevent beach erosion when waves kick up during coastal storms.
"In the vast majority of instances it will not only completely restore your beach, but also increase the amount of sand on your beach," McKenna said.
While plans for the prisms have been in development for three years, Ocean Gate Mayor Paul Kennedy said the devices are especially important now since the community just replaced its boardwalk after Sandy destroyed the old one last year.
"We've been losing beach year after year with the Nor'easters we get," he said. "So we came up with an idea that hopefully will work."
The Virginia-based company that makes the prisms installed them along the Chesapeake Bay and in other areas. Officials say they cost less and are more durable than other shore protection methods that use stones and other materials.
"The prisms seemed to be the best way because it was inexpensive," Kennedy said.
Believing that other Jersey Shore towns would be interested in using the prisms, Kennedy convinced the company's sales rep to attend last month's State League of Municipalities Conference in Atlantic City.
"We were inundated with mayors questioning us," McKenna said. "We hope to do much more business in New Jersey."
Photo Credit: NBC10.com


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Wardsboro, Vermont
|This article is a stub. Help us to expand it by contributing your knowledge. For county and town page guidelines, visit U.S. County Page Content Suggestions.
Wardsboro is a town in Windham county, Vermont. It was formed in 1780 in Vt., though the following competing claims for its origins are N.H. 1764. The probate district for Wardsboro is Marlboro, while the court district is Windham. For more information, contact the town at P.O. Box 48, Wardsboro 05355. On the attached map, Wardsboro is shown as 10 in Windham county.
For information about the state of Vermont see Vermont Family History Research.


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Brookfield, Vermont
|This article is a stub. Help us to expand it by contributing your knowledge. For county and town page guidelines, visit free casino U.S. County Page Content Suggestions.
Brookfield is a town in Orange county, Vermont. It was formed in 1781 in Vt. from Rutland county. The probate district for Brookfield is Randolph, while the court district is Orange. For more information, poker diary contact the town at 40 Ralph Rd., P.O. Box 463, Brookfield 05036. On the attached map, Brookfield is shown as 8 in Orange county.
For information about the state of Vermont see Vermont Family History Research.


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The Carrotmob model is used to improve sustainability at businesses on a variety of issues such as Fair Trade, local food sourcing, and water conservation.
Organizations and businesses work together to create change.
Organizations make an impact and businesses get increased sales. It's win-win.
For more general questions on how Carrotmob works, our online community, and our capabilities, please contact Carrotmob HQ at email@example.com.
Have ideas for Carrotmob? Experiencing problems on our site? Please use the form below. You can also reach us at: email@example.com. Your feedback is greatly appreciated. Happy mobbing!
The fastest and easiest way to join Carrotmob is by connecting with your Facebook account. You will also be able see what your friends are doing on Carrotmob and quickly share some of your activities with your network. To learn more about how this works, read this. If you are curious about the permissions we're requesting of your Facebook account, read this. Clicking this button will NOT post anything to your Facebook wall.


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This is the first of a three part series from New York Red Bulls team writer, Frank Giase showcasing the youth and development programs that RBNY has to offer.
On an early August morning at the Peddie School in Hightstown, N.J., 180 kids are pushing themselves in soccer drills and scrimmages in an effort to impress the coaches. They are fully aware that one beautiful goal, one perfect pass, one great defensive play or one acrobatic save can earn them a place in the Red Bulls Academy program.
That's right all you moms and dads out there, soccer has joined baseball, football, basketball and hockey as an avenue for your child to become a professional athlete. And if not, there's no downside. The skills they will have learned will make them not only better high school players, but put them in a greater position to receive a college soccer scholarship.
"The essence of the camp is to eat, breathe and sleep soccer," said Simon Barrow, manager of the Red Bulls' Regional Development Schools (RDS). "When the day ends they go back to the dorms to play Xbox. At night we view games or have viewing parties. It's all really about getting them to associate themselves with the club. The reality is, if you go with the hard math, a fraction of one percent of these kids is going to make it to the first team. The likelihood is slim, but what we can do is foster a love for the team."
But the percentage of players moving through the academy and signing with the first team has grown in recent years. Just recently, the Red Bulls finished a game with three homegrown players – Matt Miazga, Connor Lade and Sean Davis – on the field.
"This program serves as the stepping stone to the academy," Barrow said. "Our academy teams, which start at U-12 and go through U-23, are fed by this system, so the kids that are in this camp are assessed for the academy and go on to that stage. Tyler Adams was in this program three years ago. It's crazy to think we had kids at a young age that went on to score against Chelsea."
In the 4-2 victory over the English Premier League champions July 22 at Red Bull Arena, Davis scored two goals and the 16-year-old Adams netted another. Franklin Castellanos, a former member of the Red Bulls U-23 team who plays for Red Bulls II, also scored in the game.
"I've been managing the program for 10 years but it's just recently become a reality," Barrow said. "I always told the kids if they work hard and the cards fall into place, they could possibly have the same opportunity. Maybe it's a lot of hypotheticals, but now it's happened. Now you can say to the kids there's a concrete role model for a player who was in your shoes just a few years ago, and now that pathway exists."
And don't think the kids aren't noticing.
"I want to be a professional soccer player," said 12-year-old Anthony Cinquina of Jersey City. "Five years ago I was playing for a team in Newark and I wanted more practice and training, so I found the RDS and I stuck with them. It was really fun. This camp is nice. I like the dorms and the fields, and the coaches are awesome."
Twelve-year-old Zach Wheeler of Metuchen feels the same way.
"The camp has been amazing," he said. "Metuchen has a pretty good rec program, but this is pretty cool here."
The Red Bulls maintain one of the premier youth soccer development programs in the United States, and that reputation has filtered outside New Jersey as parents look for the best opportunity for their child.
"I didn't play for D.C. United. I didn't really like their academy," said Nicholas Shirley, a 12-year-old from Maryland. "My dad took us down here, looked at it, he thought it was really cool. And then we checked out the RDS, which we did in the winter. That was my first time playing with Red Bulls. I like the camp. It's really good. We train a whole lot, which is really fun. The instructors are really good and we do a lot of good drills with the ball.
"My dream is to play professionally, but I want to make a start somewhere and this place, if I work hard enough, will give me an opportunity to do that."
The players go through three sessions a day – morning, afternoon, evening – and everything finishes with a game so the coaches have an opportunity to see if the kids are able to demonstrate everything they were taught. Sessions normally last two hours.
"We've got a generation of young superstars that will reinvigorate the young athlete," Barrow said. "What we're finding is the best athletes don't have to depart soccer to pursue a career as a professional. It's already more rewarding the way the pay structure is changing. It's much more lucrative than it used to be. Four or five years ago the very best athletes would be pulled away, and now they're not. These kids see that. At 11, 12 years old, you ask a kid what they want to be and they say I want to be a pro soccer player. That didn't exist a few years ago.
"Odell Beckham Jr. was a top, top soccer player and has now become probably one of the NFL's best receivers. The point is we've lost a lot of the best athletes to other sports, but now it is turning around. The visibility of our sport, not just MLS, but the national team, is now the top athletes have more incentive to stay with soccer. Now you'll find these kids at 11 and 12 years old are playing soccer exclusively. Maybe it's less healthy for an all-around development perspective not to become multi-sport athletes, but our job is to create the next world-class soccer player."
So you not only see players like Miazga, Davis and Lade, but Juan Agudelo, Matt Kassel and Santiago Castano reach MLS and beyond. And that makes kids believe they could be there one day, and it starts with the basics.
"Our younger kids here are working on the developmental part of the program, which is individual moves, ball mastery, one-on-one skills," Barrow said. "Then, as we get to the older kids, they're working on small-group tactics: possession, 2v1's, 3v2's, that sort of thing. Our philosophy is we don't teach that to the 7-year-olds because they need to become more comfortably possessing the ball on their own before they can be comfortable in possession as a group.
"We've got such a huge player pool. We've got 4,000 kids a year so it's impossible for all the academy coaches to go out and assess 4,000 kids and see who they're looking to recruit, but by casting the net a little bit wider at the younger ages we're able to assess and develop that volume of kids."
It's a huge challenge, but one Barrow and the other coaches welcome.
It's an exciting time for the sport. I've seen the market become so much more educated over the years, and it's only good for the game," Barrow said. "The engagement and the desire and hunger of these kids demonstrate the growth of the sport. We're on the dawn of something pretty special."


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There's very little in agriculture that can be called dependable. Weather, markets, disease, rising costs - all factors that affect farming operations, yet all are far beyond our control. Wouldn't it be nice to have one component of your operation that you know you can depend on, year after year?
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Reviewed By Tony G (CROWN POINT, IN) Reviewed for a 2013 Audi Q7 —3/22/2017 5:39 AM
These fog lights are really nice. There a nice match with my Led headlights. The voltage wasn't high enough which caused my sensor to recognize it and thinks that I have a set of blown lights but I don't. Other than that there really nice.


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This site uses cookies to give you the best experience. Privacy Policy.
Welcome to our new website.Free shipping on UK orders over £30. New loyalty scheme and more!
Welcome to our Online Fabric Store. Shop Fabrics, Sewing Machines & Workshops...
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Payment: Paypal


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Microsoft is pointing fingers at Google and Facebook for circumventing the privacy mechanism baked into Internet Explorer, but the real problem lies in its own failure to implement the P3P privacy standard well, an expert says.
The company has chosen to use the abbreviated format of the Platform for Privacy Preferences (P3P) to decide whether IE should block cookies that are pushed at the browser by Web sites, and doesn't use the information it gleans from that format to make good decisions, says Lorrie Faith Cranor, an associate professor of computer science and engineering and public policy at Carnegie Mellon University.
BACKGROUND:Microsoft says Google circumvents IE privacy policies too
In particular, the browser evaluates data sent by cookie-spreading Web sites that is sent in a format called a compact policy (CP), which includes machine-readable tokens describing the visited sites' privacy policies as they pertain to cookies.
CPs tell what use would be made of data gathered by the cookies, giving the user discretion to accept or block them based on that information.
The P3P standard says these three- and four-character tokens should be considered invalid unless they are considered in combination with full police (FP) data sent via XML, Cranor says, but Microsoft ignores that proviso; it only considers the CPs.
Further, if a CP comes through with no stated policy or with a made-up token or tokens with format errors, IE will accept the cookie by default, she says. "Microsoft did some things implementing P3P that just seemed foolish," Cranor says.
A better way would be for the user agent within IE to treat invalid CPs as if the site has sent no CP at all, and then decide whether to accept cookies based on where the cookie actually comes from. If it's coming from the site the browser is visiting, then accept; if it's from a third-party site, block, Cranor says.
Microsoft is a big part of the reason CPs exist at all, she says. As the World Wide Web Consortium was winding down its work on P3P 10 years ago, it was headed toward standardizing the more stringent FPs, but representatives from Microsoft pushed for CPs because they take less time to process.
Today with XML integrated in most browsers, using FPs today would not create delay problems, Cranor says. "I don't think it would be a problem, but somebody would have to implement it," she says.
And that doesn't seem likely, she says. Support is growing for an alternative called Do Not Track that allows users to opt out of tracking by Web sites by filling in an HTTP header.
With Web sites such as Google, Facebook and many others using faulty, empty or made up CP tokens as a means to circumvent user P3P preferences, the only remedy is via legal enforcement, Cranor says.
When P3P was being written, the W3C consulted with the Federal Trade Commission, state attorneys general and European privacy commissions, all of which said they would apply their enforcement rules to machine-readable P3P policies as if they were natural language policies. But Cranor says she knows of no enforcement agency that has taken any sites to task for misrepresenting their policies or purposely sending invalid P3P tokens.
Some private class-action lawsuits have changed the policies of individual sites, but that is spotty.
Read more about wide area network in Network World's Wide Area Network section.
This story, "Expert: Microsoft Has Itself to Blame in Browser-Privacy Flap" was originally published by Network World.


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Salt & Pepper, Abbot & Costello, Baskin & Robbins, Mork & Mindy, Vaclav & Lena… all famous pairs. This is a sweet and savoury, simple love story set in the Russian immigrant community of New York City. There is honesty, charm, and a bit of intrigue but more importantly, you get the sense that you are living in the novel. This is a wonderful, simple summer read, fresh and original. Revel in the vibrant characters and let them take you to that old fashioned place where love still conquers all, but never cheaply or easily. There is a weight and substance to the writing that keeps it totally out of the whimsical and firmly rooted in the real world. The immigrant experience is also very well captured.
Vaclav and Lena are destined to be together but that does not mean that things go along without any obstacles. Life can be cruel and there are unexpected twists and turns for Vaclav the magician, and Lena his assistant. Lena disappears for seven long years, leaving Vaclav to wonder where she has gone and if she will ever return.
This would be a an excellent choice for a book club list. It is very well written, no matter what her writing professor and classmates said. Tanner whipped off the opening pages of Vaclav & Lena late one night for a writing class assignment due the next day. Her teacher and fellow students hated it but she said, forget them, and kept writing the story. I'm glad she did.
A poignant footnote about the author. She dedicates the book to her husband and says he is "on every page". Gavin died of cancer. He was diagnosed two months before they met. There is a beautiful, but very sad, interview with both of them included in a New York Times article. The video is entitled 'Love Endures Even Cancer'. It is not for the faint of heart – I would recommend that you view it after you have read the book.
Love Endures Even Cancer


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Saint Gelasius I, (born, in Rome of African descent—died November 19, 496, Rome; feast day November 21), pope from 492 to 496.
Succeeding St. Felix III in March 492, Gelasius combatted the Acacian Schism that had arisen in the East under Patriarch Acacius (reigned 471–489) as a result of Rome's refusal to accept the Henotikon—a peace formula designed by the Eastern Roman emperor Zeno to reconcile the dissident monophysites, advocators of the unorthodox doctrine that the human and divine in Christ constitute one nature. During that long, bitter struggle, Gelasius maintained papal authority, making him one of the great architects of Roman primacy in ecclesiastical affairs. He was the first pope to be called "Vicar of Christ."
His writings include more than 100 treatises and letters; one of the most celebrated (494) was addressed to Zeno's successor, Anastasius I, in which Gelasius states: "There are two powers by which this world is chiefly ruled: the sacred authority of the priesthood and the authority of kings." Gelasius's doctrine that both sacred and civil power are of divine origin and independent, each in its own sphere, was then the most progressive thinking on the subject; had his formula been established, the subsequent history of the papacy probably would have been different. Among his acts, in 494 he changed the Lupercalia, a Roman pagan festival, into the Feast of the Purification (now known as the Presentation of the Lord, or Candlemas).


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Clinton man held for detox after alleged lighter fluid attack
Store clerks doused with fluid in robbery
A Clinton man charged with dousing two convenience store clerks with lighter fluid and brandishing a knife during an attempted robbery has been held without bail.
A judge Thursday ordered 32-year-old Brian Dziczek held at the Massachusetts Alcohol and Substance Abuse Center in Bridgewater because he is undergoing withdrawal for opiate addiction. A dangerousness hearing was scheduled for Tuesday.
Prosecutors say he entered the store late Tuesday night while masked, sprayed lighter fluid on the clerks and brandished a knife. Police later found a lighter in his pocket.
The store employees subdued Dziczek and called police.
The Telegram & Gazette reports he faces 16 charges including assault to murder and attempting to burn a building.
His lawyer says lighter fluid is not dangerous because it evaporates quickly.


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Egypt president vows to stand by Gaza
CAIRO (AP) — Egypt's Islamist president says his country will stand by Palestinians in the Gaza Strip and demanded Israel stop its latest offensive on the Hamas-ruled territory.
Mohammed Morsi says Egypt "will not leave Gaza on its own" and warned the "aggressor to stop the bloodshed or face the wrath" of Egypt's new leadership and institutions.
Morsi spoke on Friday at a mosque near his house on the outskirts of Cairo. The sermon was his harshest condemnation yet of the Israeli offensive.
Morsi said he dispatched his prime minister to Gaza to send a clear message that Egypt supports the people there and will not tolerate the killing of civilians.
Hamas is an offshoot of Morsi's Muslim Brotherhood group in Egypt. The Brotherhood led protests across the country on Friday against Israel.


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Articles in Riesling, Dessert Wine and Barmah Park WINE
Barmah Park Vintage Shiraz
Barmah Park Shiraz is a rich and ripe Barossa Valley Shiraz and is a full bodied wine, with considerable taste variation, a touch of spice and well balanced tannin for a serious wine.... Read full article
Paradigm Hill Riesling
Fruit is crushed, stems removed and the must is left to soak a while before pressing off the juice & overnight cooling. The clear juice that is fermented in open 2000 litre vats [14oC to 16oC]. Wine is bottled after a further 6 months.... Read full article
Barmah Park Cabernet Shiraz
Fermented with minimal working of the juice to reduce extraction and create a soft, medium bodied approachable style. Aged with American and French oak to give lifted aroma and toasty notes. Low acid levels give the wine softness and easy...... Read full article
Barmah Park Pinot Noir
Barmah Park Pinot Noir displays intense raspberry and plum fruit with mocha oak aromas. Full bodied, luscious fruit palate with fine tannins providing great length.... Read full article
Barmah Park Chardonnay
Bright pale gold, green freshness. Lime juice and vanilla. Elegant, spicy intense stonefruit and citrus, subtle toasty oak support, leesy complexity and spicy acidity. Juice-like intensity and a deep core of citrus and stonefruit varietals.... Read full article
Barmah Park Shiraz Cabernet
Inky red black. Spicy dark cherry and plum fruit with the Cabernet providing a leafy, minty lift. Fleshy and concentrated with very ripe dark fruit, fresh acidity and fine tannins. The finish is intensely minty and peppery with noticeable but...... Read full article
Rahona Valley Kaye's Block Riesling
In Germany, this would be called a Spatlese style; it tends to be called off dry in Australia. All of which means it is a bit sweet but not extremely so. It shows lovely blossoms and limes on the nose and then its natural acidity gives it effortless... Read full article
Rahona Valley Late Harvest Riesling
This style is rather more like a German Auslese style; it is very sweet and proudly intended to be a rich, dessert style wine. Sometimes Auslese styles have Botrytis influence but not in this case. It features riper citrus notes on the nose, nudging ... Read full article


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Follow this summer's trend with a new O'Neill kids bikini. The bright and breezy patterns and shapes are making our girls' bikini collection very popular with young fashionistas! You can choose from a range of different fits: from bandeau bikinis to high-neck kids bikinis. Get noticed at the beach and in the sea this summer with our O'Neill Hyperdry girls' bikinis – perfect for girls who are bursting with energy!
O'Neill has kids bikinis in a wide range of models, sizes and colours. And for girls who want an even suntan, the popular triangle or bandeau bikini is the best option. With the bandeau bikini, you just remove the strings from your neck while sunbathing. For the sports-loving girls among us, the high-neck kids bikinis are ideal, because the high closed neck means that this bikini is ideal for swimming contests or other active water sports! The kids bikini sets consist of a top and briefs, with a choice of two types of briefs: the regular hipster or the shorts. Both briefs come in different prints that perfectly match the bikini tops. The kids bikini tops have adjustable back and neck straps so you can adjust the bikini exactly to your size.
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State Department Work Gives Public Policy Student Prized Experience
Walking through the State Department's front doors in Washington, D.C., every day is something Daniel Hinson will never forget.
Dan Hinson, a public policy graduate student, learned about State Department internships during an information session on campus.
After graduating with a bachelor's degree in political science from UT Dallas in spring 2012, Hinson was selected to be an intern with the State Department's Office of the Secretary's Special Representative for Global Intergovernmental Affairs (S/SRGIA) in January.
"There is an enormous sense of gravity and importance there that is difficult to describe," Hinson said. "I can't tell you how lucky I was to land in S/SRGIA."
The Dallas native said he initially became aware of internship opportunities with the State Department during an information session the department hosted on campus. While working as an intern in the nation's capital, he was able to earn credit for independent study toward his master's of public policy degree.
According to its website, the special representative serves the global needs of U.S. intergovernmental officials and their counterparts abroad so they can collaborate on international issues. As an intern, Hinson was responsible for drafting diplomatic cables, reports and other correspondence for then-special representative Reta Jo Lewis and supporting meetings between the U.S. and foreign officials.
When his internship concluded, Lewis developed a short-term position for Hinson. As staff assistant, he participated in meetings and helped manage the schedule and external communications of the acting special representative, Mary Pensabene.
About Daniel Hinson
Education: Current master's of public policy student, earned BA in political science in 2012 from UT Dallas
Position: Program analyst, Office of Foreign Missions' Bureau of Diplomatic Security, U.S. Department of State
Previously: Staff assistant for the Secretary of State's Special Representative for Global Intergovernmental Affairs, U.S. Department of State
Academic interests: Race, gender, ethnicity, social inclusion in foreign and domestic policy
Hinson said he "fell in love with D.C.," and enjoyed walking past the White House on his way home from work.
"There is such rich, historical atmosphere to the District, and the architectural beauty rivals anyplace else in the country," he said.
Through a competitive, government-wide internship program called Pathways, Hinson transferred to a program analyst position with the Bureau of Diplomatic Security's Office of Foreign Missions in New York in July. The bureau is the security and law enforcement arm of the State Department.
After his selection, Hinson decided to finish his master's degree from the University online. At the conclusion of the internship, participants become eligible to convert to full-time federal employment.
"Given the importance of this experience and Dan's ability to convert his status to a career position in the State Department, I was delighted to work out a way for him to complete his last two required classes online," said Dr. Jennifer Holmes, program head of public policy and political economy. "We are so proud of him and look forward to having another alumnus of our program working for the State Department."
Hinson enjoys living in New York and says it's an endlessly exciting place.
"I especially enjoy the theater and live music scenes here; I recently saw a performance of The Glass Menagerie that was startlingly good, and had a lot of fun attending the MTV Video Music Awards in August," he said. "New York also is a great place to enjoy outdoor activities like walking the High Line or spending an afternoon in Central Park. I like to make time for kayaking, sailing and running along the river."
"(The classes I taught Hinson) were all graduate-level seminars, so you sort of depend on the students to drive the discussions. He was one of the students who led that effort."
Hinson's excitement isn't limited to his recreation time. He attended a formal reception for heads of the U.S. delegation to the United Nations hosted by President Obama and first lady Michelle Obama in September.
Hinson said completing his last remaining credits online is challenging, especially with the distractions of the city and the demands of his job. He credits his undergraduate education in the School of Economic, Political and Policy Sciences for providing him a comprehensive base of knowledge to build upon through his work-world experiences.
Dr. Banks Miller, assistant professor of political science, remembers Hinson as a well-prepared, level-headed student who could think on his feet – traits Miller said would be fitting for a career in foreign affairs.
"He was very active in class," Miller said. "(The classes I taught Hinson) were all graduate-level seminars, so you sort of depend on the students to drive the discussions. He was one of the students who led that effort."
Hinson is slated to complete his master's degree this spring and is exploring careers as a Diplomatic Security special agent or a Foreign Service officer serving overseas.
Media Contact: The Office of Media Relations, UT Dallas, (972) 883-2155, [email protected].


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Parenting from the Inside Out
How A Deeper Self-Understanding Can Help You Raise Children Who Thrive
by Daniel J. Siegel, M.D., and Mary Hartzell, M.Ed.
How many parents have found themselves thinking: I can't believe I just said to my child the very thing my parents used to say to me! Am I just destined to repeat the mistakes of my parents? In Parenting from the Inside Out, child psychiatrist Daniel J. Siegel, M.D., and early childhood expert Mary Hartzell, M.Ed., explore the extent to which our childhood experiences actually do shape the way we parent. Drawing upon stunning new findings in neurobiology and attachment research, they explain how interpersonal relationships directly impact the development of the brain, and offer parents a step-by-step approach to forming a deeper understanding of their own life stories, which will help them raise compassionate and resilient children.
Born out of a series of parents' workshops that combined Siegel's cutting-edge research on how communication impacts brain development with Hartzell's thirty years of experience as a child-development specialist and parent educator, Parenting from the Inside Out guides parents through creating the necessary foundations for loving and secure relationships with their children.
"Anyone who reads this book will experience attachment, parenting, and human love differently from how they have before."
-Michael Gurian, author of The Wonder of Boys and The Soul of the Child
"Dan Siegel and Mary Hartzell have quite deftly managed to translate highly complex neuroscientific and psychological matters into lay strategies for effective parenting. This is truly a must read for all parents and those aspiring to be parents."
- Marilyn B. Benoit, M.D., President, American Academy of Child Adolescent Psychiatry
"This book uniquely pairs the clinical experience of a psychiatrist with the deep wisdom of a nursery school teacher. Together Siegel and Hartzell delicately peel back the many layers of parenting to reveal the pure nature of the relationship at its core."
- Neal Halfon, M.D., Ph.D. Professor of Pediatrics, UCLA, and editor, Child Rearing in America.


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Join our class for ladies, Kickboxing and Functional Moves, to develop and improve balance, strength, core work, and stretching. Contact the church office for more information at firstname.lastname@example.com.
Mount Airy Bible Church is a ministry centered on the Word of God. From its very beginning in 1973, MABC has done all it can to lead people to Jesus Christ and train them in the Scriptures. In that vein, we offer Bible training for men through our Men with a Mission program (three years of investment from our senior pastor), regular ladies' Bible studies, AWANA (a children's training program), and expositional preaching and teaching on Sunday mornings. Our commitment to the sound handling of God's Word is unwavering. But this is not just a commitment to academia; we do this in order to transform lives for the pleasure of our God.