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This post by senior fellow Roger Thurow originally appeared on the Outrage and Inspire blog.
Kabuchai, Kenya
There's a building boom going on in this western Kenya village.
The blueprint for Zipporah and Sanet Biketi's new house is coming to life. The walls, made of some 4,000 bricks formed by Sanet's hands, are standing tall just as they planned: two bedrooms, a sitting room, a storage room and a narrow bathroom which will feature a water basin for washing-up.
When I visited them last month, Zipporah and Sanet proudly led me on a tour of their house. It was still open to the sky, the floor was dirt, and weeds were sprouting in the rooms. They hoped to have the roof completed before the rainy season begins in a month or two; they still lacked a few iron sheets and the wooden poles for the ceiling frame.
The house was a work in progress, but still it was a glorious site to behold. I had first caught a glimpse of their dream at the end of 2011, as I was reporting The Last Hunger Season book. The Biketis had reaped the best maize harvest of their lives – twenty 90-kilogram bags, a mighty increase from just two bags the year before. As new members of One Acre Fund, for the first time in their lives they had access to better-quality certified seeds, micro-doses of fertilizer, farming advice and credit to pay for it all. With their bumper harvest secured, the Biketis had enough food to feed their four children throughout the year and to act on other goals.
In the days before Christmas that year, we discussed their dreams in the dark sitting room of their house, a tiny bungalow made of mud and sticks. We sat under a thatched roof that leaked in a couple of places. Zipporah left the room and quickly came back with a sketch of the new house they hoped to build. They would use some of their harvest to get started. And now, a bit more than a year later, here it was, a new home rising beside their old one.
Zipporah's friend, Rasoa Wasike, was also building a new house, thanks to improved prosperity on her small farm. In fact, the entire village of Kabuchai, populated with smallholder farmers, was expanding. The technical training school had a new wing of classrooms. A housing block with rooms for rent neared completion. Several new shops had been built in the market in the past year: a men's barber, Mercy's Hair Salon for women, B. Cycle for bicycle sales and repairs, and a second M-Pesa agency for money transfers had opened.
"Competition," Rasoa said, smiling brightly. She was spending more time running Kabuchai's first M-Pesa now that her husband, Cyrus, had become a One Acre Fund field officer. "The market is growing."
As I returned to western Kenya, I found that the dreams of the smallholder farmers I had come to know were being realized as the nightmares of the hunger season receded. Francis Mamati, confident of better harvests, was taking driving lessons, a long-deferred goal; he hoped to get a job driving a small truck or a school bus to supplement his work on his farm. And Leonida Wanyama was tending all manner of crops on her shamba as she gathered money to keep her children in school and improve their educations; Gideon had completed high school – the first in the family to do so! – and Jackline was about to begin. Gideon, as I mentioned in my last column, was taking a short course on climate change and conservation agriculture while awaiting word on college possibilities.
There are many people in the rich world who consider agricultural development to be tedious and uninteresting. "Obama's Fantastic Boring Idea," trumpeted a New York Times headline on a Nicholas Kristof column about the president's Feed the Future Initiative, which seeks to end hunger and secure the global food supply through the development of smallholder farmers. "At a time when there's a vigorous political debate in America about foreign aid," Kristof wrote last July, "outreach to African farmers doesn't wow Congress or the American people."
Well, let's shout from the ramparts:
WOW, smallholder farmers with harvest surpluses are building new houses, opening new businesses, creating new jobs!
WOW, the children of thriving smallholder farmers are graduating from high school and dreaming of college!
WOW, smallholder farmers are diversifying their crops, increasing household income and eliminating the malnourishment of their children!
WOW, the goal you thought was impossible to achieve – the last hunger season – is within reach for millions of smallholder farmers! "I am going to win!," Leonida says.
WOW, agricultural development works!
Boring? Anything but. The progress of smallholder farmers in Africa and elsewhere is the most exciting news in international development. Now, the challenge is to keep it going.
As the threat to international development programs still looms in Congress and the European Union, this exciting news needs to spread: investments in rural areas that benefit smallholder farmers is money well-spent. Progress is being made, and it needs to be secured and furthered with new investments in storage technology and roads and markets, and new research to combat pests and droughts.
Listen to the words of new high school graduate Gideon Wanyama: "Forward ever, backward never."
And consider the joy of a mother once burdened with worry over a malnourished child: One morning last month, Zipporah prepared lunch in the cooking room of the old house. Sweet potatoes and porridge were on the boil. Just after noon, the children came home from school. Little David, who was sick with a cough and a distended belly throughout 2011 when I was reporting The Last Hunger Season, was now in kindergarten. He was looking smart in a blue sweater and short pants and green plastic sandals; he was clutching a fistful of purple flowers he had picked on the walk home. The signs of malnourishment had vanished, his cough was gone. He giggled often and even showed off his English.
"How are you doing?," I asked. "I am fine," he said, proudly repeating the first line of conversation that every Kenyan schoolchild learns. Zipporah laughed. "David, you are fine," Zipporah said.


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It's not for nothing that Remba, a tiny island in the middle of Lake Victoria, is known as "Slum Island."
A few thousand people, mainly fishermen, make their home on this busy outpost on the border between Uganda and Kenya. One-room shacks are the norm here, and the fishermen almost literally live on top of each other. They share shacks, with one group sleeping in the day while the other fishes. They swap at night.
"It's a bit like a LEGO village," says Harrison Leaf of access:energy. "All the big characters are right there on each other's doorsteps.
In this underdeveloped "LEGO village," Leaf and his team have set themselves a lofty challenge: proving that micro-grids, combined with a mobile-payments system, can bring power to rural East Africa. And what's more, they want to prove that it's good business.
Using an installation of wind turbines and solar panels, combined with a cloud-controlled metering system and a payments system that lets users pay for power using their mobile phones, Leaf says they can take micro grids out of academic circles and make them a business reality. Starting with Slum Island.
"The whole industry at the moment feels like it's alight with the word 'micro grid,' but very few commercially viable examples are out here yet. It's still university territory, research territory," he says.
It's estimated that there are less than 500 micro grid projects globally, including a solar-powered micro grid that went online in Cape Verde in 2012. The need for alternate approaches to energy, like these, is obvious. An estimated 84 percent [2011, PDF] of Kenyans lack access to the grid, with that figure increasing in rural areas. In urbanized areas, the high population density makes connecting people to the grid cost-effective. In rural areas, that calculation becomes more difficult.
"That space is still open to some kind of modern electricity service. We think micro grids are an answer," says Leaf.
access:energy was founded in 2009 and initially focused on developing wind turbines that could be manufactured locally in Kenya. They then moved their focus to the installation of micro-grids, before realizing that the missing link was neither the technology nor the logistics of building micro-grids but rather the business behind providing power to places like Slum Island.
"There's lots of great companies out there that have lots of great generation technology and great companies that install really ambitious large installations," notes Leaf. "What's lacking is the layer of sophistication that allows you to do some interesting business model innovation, like pay-as-you-go metering and individual line monitoring in completely far-flung remote contexts."
On Slum Island, which is run by an administration prosaically named the "Beach Management Unit," power is currently generated for some of the island using petrol and diesel generators. "[Generators] maybe cover 10 percent of the houses and some of the bars, but for the rest of the people living there it's candlelight, kerosene lamps, and charcoal," says Leaf.
He believes the way that you improve the lives of people like those living on Slum Island is not through charity but with good business. He praises hugely successful projects like those run by SolarAid, which tries to replace the use of kerosene lamps with solar-powered lamps to improve the health of people who would otherwise be inhaling deadly fumes. "[But] you can't run a business on a lamp, you can't run a business on a three-watt solar panel," he argues.
"We're of the camp that believes that if people value something then they will pay for it," Leaf says. "We think the way to really achieve development results is to treat people like adults and design a great product that they love that works for them and get them on board with a business."
A 2012 MIT Technology Review feature on micro grids posed a frank question about micro grids: "Will this just be a cute development thing? Or will it become part of mainstream economics?" access:energy has previously worked with NGOs on micro grid solutions, including on six fishing communities around Lake Victoria. But meeting the challenge of that question will require demonstrating that there's a realistic business model too.
Leaf and his team are trying to raise startup money via IndieGogo for the first installation on Slum Island—the idea to create a proof of concept with which to attract commercial investors. With just a few days to go and well short of their target, it seems unlikely that they will reach their $30,000 (£19,300) target in time.
If they don't meet the target, Leaf says they'll go down a more conventional route, investing their own money and seeking angel investors.
In the meantime, the daily routine on Remba, "Slum Island," continues. Fishermen are drawn there by the tilapia, a fish that sells internationally. This tiny, underdeveloped island, says Leaf, "is the first link in the supply chain, and that chain links to Europe."
This article originally appeared on Wired.co.uk. You can read it as it initially appeared here.
Listing image by James Morgan

subset: commoncrawl


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Virginia Family Nutrition Program
Welcome to the Virginia Family Nutrition Program!
Visit Eat Smart, Move More for handy tips and advice to help you make smart food and lifestyle choices. Browse the tasty recipes, learn how to plan and cook healthy meals on a budget, and discover lifestyle tips to keep moving at whatever level you're comfortable.
If you would like to participate in our Family Nutrition Program, call the Virginia Family Nutrition Information and Referral Line, toll free, at 888-814-7627.
The Family Nutrition Program's mission is to teach limited-resource families and youth how to make healthier food choices and become better managers of available food resources for optimal health and growth. Our programs focus on basic nutrition, physical activity, safe food handling, and thrifty food shopping.
The Family Nutrition Program is offered through Virginia Cooperative Extension, an educational outreach partnership between Virginia Tech and Virginia State University.
Our funding comes from the United States Department of Agriculture's (USDA) National Institute of Food and Agriculture (NIFA) to offer the Expanded Food and Nutrition Education Program (EFNEP) and from the USDA's Food and Nutrition Service (FNS) to offer Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program Education (SNAP-Ed) in Virginia.
Healthy Living Tips
- Be Heart Smart! Eat Foods Lower in Saturated Fats and Cholesterol
- Common Ground: Why Should University Faculty Partner with Virginia Cooperative Extension?
- Spice It Up!
- 20 Ways to Save at the Grocery Store
- Use Your EBT (food stamp) Card at Your Local Virginia Farmers Market!
- Keep You and Your Family Lean with Lean PROTEIN
Additional Resources
- Nutrition Assistance Programs in Virginia
- Assistance Program Eligibility Screening Tool
- SNAP Retailer Locator
- Farmers Market Locator (Find markets that accept SNAP Benefits)
- MyPlate
- Community Corner: Nutrition for You and Your Family
- Department of Education School Nutrition
- Virginia Foundation for Healthy Youth
The Family Nutrition Program offers a range of programs to teach the basics of healthy eating, active living, food safety, and menu planning on a budget.
Adult Programs
Eating Smart and Moving More helps our adult clients to make healthy changes by teaching ways to choose and prepare nutritious meals and to be more physically active. These lessons are fun, interactive and full of great information to inspire clients to eat smart and move more every day. Last year, 42,919 adults in Virginia participated in this program.
Eating Smart and Moving More is a program developed by North Carolina Cooperative Extension.
|Families learn how to use MyPlate as a guide to eating smart and to balance energy from food and physical activity.
|Shop For Value, Check the Facts
|Families learn to use labels to compare different foods.
|Choosing More Fruits and Vegetables
|Families learn how to add a variety of colors of fruits and vegetables to their plates each day.
|Choosing to Move More Throughout the Day
|Families learn ways to move more every day.
|Fix it Safe
|Families learn how to keep food safe to prevent illness.
|Smart-Size Your Portions and Right-size You
|Families learn how to use proper portion sizes to eat smart and be healthy.
Eating Smart • Being Active teaches our adult clients how to make positive lifestyle choices for good nutrition and health. The program is tailored to how adults learn best, with discussions, hands-on activities, and practical advice for making healthy behavior changes. Last year, 3,820 adults participated in this program.
Eating Smart • Being Active was developed by EFNEP staff at Colorado State University and the University of California at Davis.
|Get Moving
|Families learn easy ways to enjoy being active.
|Plan, Shop, Save
|Families learn how to plan and shop for food that is healthy and within their budget.
|Vary Your Veggies, Focus on Fruit
|Families learn ways to eat more fruits and veggies every day.
|Make Half Your Grains Whole
|Families learn how choose whole grains using food labels.
|Build Strong Bones
|Families learn how to get enough calcium from food to grow strong bones.
|Go Lean with Protein
|Families learn how to choose lean protein foods and keep food safe to eat.
|Make a Change
|Families learn ways to cut back on fat, sugar, and salt.
|Celebrate! Eat Smart & Be Active
|Families celebrate all they have learned about eating smart and being active.
Cook Smart, Eat Smart is a program that teaches how to prepare simple, healthy and delicious food for beginning home cooks. The preparation techniques, ingredients and equipment are simple so that anyone can learn to prepare healthy meals at home on a budget.
Cooking techniques covered include: roasting, marinades, stir frying, rice, grilling, crock pot, one-pot meals, baking, steaming, soup, packet cooking, sautéing, simple appetizers, salad and salad dressing, quick breads, pasta, and eggs.
Other topics covered include: 10 keys to cooking smart, food safety, shopping, unit pricing, nutrition label, buying meat, family favorites, perfect pantry, portion control, knives, eating together as a family, setting the table, and entertaining.
Youth Program
OrganWise Guys is a fun, interactive, evidence-based program for grades K-2. Using puppets of different internal organs, kids learn about how what we eat and how we move affect our bodies, empowering kids to be "smart from the inside out."
As a bonus for the teachers who work with us, OrganWise Guys adheres to the Virginia Standards of Learning while helping to reduce childhood obesity. In Virginia, 9,000 children learned about healthy living from the OrganWise Guys program last year.
Healthy Weights for Healthy Kids, created by Virginia Cooperative Extension, teaches children in grades 3-7 about healthy lifestyle choices. Last year, 3,106 children participated in this program.
Healthy Weights for Healthy Kids focuses on the following key topics that are critical for all children, regardless of weight:
|Smart Foods
|Students learn the importance of nutrition and MyPlate.
|Smart Choices
|Students learn how to enjoy food in moderation by choosing the right serving size.
|Smart Drinks
|Students learn about healthy beverages choices.
|Smart Snacks
|Students learn to make healthy snack choices.
|Smart Activities
|Students learn the importance of being active.
Teen Cuisine is a hands-on cooking program created by the Virginia Family Nutrition Program that teaches students in grades 8-12 important life skills for eating smart, which will stay with them as they grow into adults. Lessons cover how to choose healthy foods and prevent food borne illness. With a cooking demonstration in each lesson, students learn by doing.
Last year, 1,130 teens learned to cook nutritious foods safely with the Teen Cuisine program.
|Eat Smart
|Students learn the basics of MyPlate, hand washing and using a knife safely.
|You Are What You Eat
|Students learn how to read food labels to choose healthy food.
|Power Up With Protein
|Students learn how each nutrient from the food label affects our bodies.
|Fight The Fat
|Students learn ways to make smart choices when eating out and the health effects of different types of fat.
|Have A Plan
|Students learn how to plan meals and what happens to food in the Temperature Danger Zone.
|A Healthy And Happy Teen
|Students review all they have learned about eating smart and cooking healthy.
The Fresh Fruit and Vegetable Program is a federal program to provide funding to schools to serve free fresh fruit and vegetable snacks to elementary school students. The program targets schools with high numbers of students receiving free and reduced lunch.
Providing nutrition and health education along with introducing children to a variety of fresh fruits and vegetables is an important part of the program. The Family Nutrition Program has developed nutrition education materials to be used in participating schools.
Please contact your local Nutrition Outreach Instructor (NOI) for more information regarding the use of our curriculum for your school's Fresh Fruit and Vegetable Program.
Growing Healthy Habits is a garden-based nutrition education program used in elementary schools to promote consumption of a wide variety of healthy fruits and vegetables. Research shows that children who are involved in gardening are more likely to eat fruits and vegetables.
|What's So Great About Gardening?
|Students learn about the importance of fruits and vegetables in a healthy diet, taste test tomatoes and learn how food gets from field to fork.
|Parts of the Plant That We Eat
|Students learn basic plant anatomy and function, as well as examples of different foods that represent each plant part.
|Feed the Soil… and the Soil Will Feed You!
|Students learn the role of soil in plant health and how soil is formed.
|Variety: The Spice of Life!
|Students learn the importance of variety in a healthy diet and healthy garden.
|Plan Your Planting
|Students learn about the different growing conditions required by plants and create a planting schedule as well as prepare a healthy snack.
|Seed Magic
|Students will learn how seeds grow into new plants and taste a snack made from edible seeds.
|Keep It Growing
|Students learn about plant competition and the importance of water for growing plants and growing bodies.
|Healthy Harvest
|Students learn the economic value of growing plants and eating a healthy diet.
|Garden Fitness
|Students learn how food is a source of energy for physical activity.
Community Programs
Smart Choices in the Grocery Store is a "point-of-purchase" grocery store experience to provide a taste test, recipe ideas, nutrition information displays and handouts, and store intercom messages about a different topic each month.
Smart Choices in the Grocery Store was created by the Virginia Family Nutrition Program to target grocery stores with high SNAP redemption to better reach low-income Virginians, encouraging them to eat smart.
Monthly Topics
|Think Your Drink
|Heart Healthy
|Portion Distortion
|Power Up with Breakfast
|Reducing Sodium
|Getting Calcium for a Lifetime
|Focus on Fruit
|Vary Your Veggies
|Increasing Whole Grains
|Super Smart Snacks
|Food Safety at Thanksgiving and Every Day
|Healthy Holiday
The Food Security Program is designed to increase the food security of low-income Virginians. The program does this in a variety of ways including:
- Increasing the linkages between SNAP recipients and their local farmers markets by helping markets develop their abilities to accept and welcome SNAP recipients through creating an EBT toolkit.
- Training volunteers to perform low cost, healthy meal demonstrations at markets that accept SNAP.
- Educating SNAP participants to use their benefits to buy food-bearing plant starts and seeds.
- Demonstrating the basics of container gardening for youth participants with the goal that they will help their families start small gardens at home.
- Piloting the use of "garden prescriptions" and community gardens to increase engagement in SNAP-Ed, WIC, and gardening with the New River Health District.
For more information on any of these projects, please contact Food Security Project Coordinator Meredith Ledlie Johnson at firstname.lastname@example.com or 540-231-1704.
Program Lesson
The Farmers Market Cooking Coaches program teaches basic cooking skills and nutrition to farmers market shoppers at markets across the commonwealth. Using the "Just Say Yes to Fruits and Vegetables" curriculum these demonstrations are quick, interactive, and specific to teaching health benefits and cooking tips about produce sold in the market that day. If you catch a Farmers Market Cooking Coaches demonstration you will have the chance to learn something new, try a healthy and fresh recipe, and take the recipe home to try it yourself!
Topics covered include:
- Fruits and Vegetables
- Shopping at the farmers market on a budget
- The basics of storing fresh produce
- Food safety
- My Plate
- Easy Meal Planning
- Healthy Portions
- Fiber
- How to read a Nutrition Facts label
- Cooking with beans
Interested in our recipes using produce you can find at Virginia's farmers markets? Visit our toolkit.
The Farmers Market Cooking Coaches program is always looking for volunteers to do cooking demonstrations and education at farmers markets that accept SNAP. If you are interested, please contact you local FCS SNAP-Ed agent for more information.
The Faith-based and Community Volunteer Project reaches limited-resource families through collaborators and volunteers. Outreach to our target audience is accomplished through partnerships with teachers, school nurses, librarians, parents, chefs, after-school program staff, and school nutrition staff, as well as state-level agencies and community organizations. The use of collaborators and volunteers allows the Family Nutrition Program to reach an even greater number of people and spread our message of Eat Smart, Move More for a healthier Virginia.
Nutrition Outreach Instructors (NOI) help to train and coordinate collaborators and volunteers in their regions to deliver nutrition and healthy lifestyle education using the Family Nutrition Program's curricula. If you are interested in becoming a community collaborator or volunteer, please contact your local NOI or Judy Stevens, the statewide Project Associate, using this map.
Contact with Communities
During 2012-2013, 1,147 community volunteers reached 33,328 youth and 1,091 adults with comprehensive nutrition education. In total, the volunteers donated 8,857 hours equaling an estimated economic contribution of $106,284. In addition to comprehensive lessons, community volunteers reached 1,448,271 individuals with short-term nutrition education through venues such as community health fairs, parent newsletters, DSS waiting rooms, grocery stores, and television cooking programs.
If you are interested in signing up for one of these programs, or would like to work with the Family Nutrition Program to offer these programs in your organization, please contact us by going to the Team tab.
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Eat Smart, Move More
- The Eat Smart, Move More blog has moved! Looking for the Eat Smart, Move More blog? Update your bookmarks to point to https://eatsmartmovemoreva.org/blog/. Don't miss the latest tips, recipes, and advice from the Family Nutrition Program!
- Cooking Hacks to Eat More Vegetables Most adults need to eat 2-3 cups of vegetables every day. But less than 1 in 10 Americans actually do this. Cost, access, and lack of time are common reasons people don't eat enough fruits and vegetables. But it's possible to get more veggies on your plate without too much work or cost. Check out
- Move More in a Park Did you know that living near a park is linked to being more active? Parks are great places to move more and enjoy the outdoors. You can find family-friendly activities at all types of parks – the neighborhood playground, the local rec sports field, a large urban parks and recreation facility, state and national parks,
Virginia Cooperative Extension's recipe collection features nutrient-dense, low-cost, and healthy recipes that are quick and easy to prepare. These recipes have been tested and used with families so you know you are preparing the best for your family and friends.
The U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) is an equal opportunity provider and employer. This material is partially funded by USDA's Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program - SNAP which provides nutrition assistance to people with low income. It can help you buy nutritious foods for a better diet. To find out more, contact your county or city Department of Social Services or to locate your county office call toll-free: 1-800-552-3431 (M-F 8:15-5:00, except holidays). By calling your local DSS office, you can get other useful information about services. This material was partially funded by the Expanded Food Nutrition Education Program, USDA, NIFA.
Contact FNP
The Family Nutrition Program's state office is located in 330 Wallace Hall on the Virginia Tech in Blacksburg, Virginia.
Contact your local county office:


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After graduated with an archaeology degree in 2002, I began working at RCAHMS on a partnership project with our Welsh counterparts, RCAHMW. This involved looking at how the two organisations recorded information about the built heritage including archaeology, architecture and marine sites. I am currently a project manager within the Data and Recording section with a particular interest in the history of recording at RCAHMS and how this is reflected in the information we make available through our Canmore database. In an attempt to illustrate this, I've chosen the site of St Fillan's Well.
The holy well of St Fillan lies to the east of Kilallan, a farm near Kilmacolm in Refrewshire. It is one of 276 holy wells recorded in the Canmore database.
These wells were associated with early medieval saints (although their use could have been much more ancient than this) and were reputed to have healing waters. The holy wells recorded in the Canmore database claim to cure a variety of maladies from deafness to "nervous diseases". In the case of St Fillan, reputedly an Irish monk, the waters of his well have folk traditions associating it with the curing of rickets in children. Nearby the well are two associated monuments, St Fillan's Seat and St Fillan's Church, which is dedicated to the saint.
The information RCAHMS holds on the well is taken from the Ordnance Survey Archaeology Division's record card. The cards were transferred to RCAHMS in 1983 and provided the foundation for what would become the database we use to record monuments today. This information is then available to the public through Canmore. The record cards provided a brief description of the site along with references to relevant publications and a map. They were compiled by the Archaeology Division office-based recorders and then passed to the field staff, who in turn would investigate the monument. The office recorders would assemble the monument descriptions from existing publications such as the RCAHMS County Inventories and Statistical Accounts.
For St Fillan's Well, multiple sources have been consulted to construct a concise history and description of the site. The well was first recorded in the Old Statistical Accounts in 1791. The statistical accounts were first collected in the 18th century by Church of Scotland ministers and described the geography, agriculture and culture of their respective parishes. The Reverend John Monteath was responsible for Houston parish in which St Fillan's Well is located and describes how the well was used for curing "rickety babies" until it was filled in by a local minister at the end of the 18th century. It also records the tradition of leaving cloth as a votive offering which means St Fillan's was also a rag or 'clootie' well. One of the more famous clootie wells is located at Hill O'Hirdie near Munlochy in the Highlands.
The well was mapped by the Ordnance Survey in 1856 and recorded in the Object Name Book. These books were used by the OS staff to record the place names that were used on maps. Ordered by parish, a copy of the Name Books is available for public consultation on microfiche in the RCAHMS Search Room.
In 1895 a paper exploring the association of the cult of St Fillan with Kilallan was published by J M Mackinlay in the Proceedings of the Society of Antiquaries of Scotland. More recent publications on the well include Scottish Healing Wells (F and R Morris 1982) and W H Lyle's The History of Bridge of Weir (1975).
Renfrewshire was not included in the county inventory survey by RCAHMS, but when it was visited by the Ordnance Survey in 1955, it was reported the field investigator that the well was being used as a cattle trough.
To see the Canmore record for St Fillan's Well, see http://canmore.rcahms.gov.uk/en/site/42246/details/kilallan+st+fillan+s+well/
This is what I've chosen for Day of Archaeology, but why not tell us your favourite archaeological sites in Scotland on Twitter using #MyArchaeology.


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Series To Premiere Sunday, January 6, Followed By Its Regular Time Period Premiere Which Remains On Wednesday, January 9
Four ambitious, sexy women who have been best friends since business school -- Mia, Zoe, Juliet and Caitlin -- try to have it all. They aren't just powerful and intelligent as singular executive sensations in today's corporate battlezones; they've bonded into a formidable unit � a "Cashmere Mafia" -- to support and counsel each other through good times and bad. How better to climb up the corporate ladder than with your buddies at your side? Whether it's coping with rocky marriages, fending off scheming colleagues or just trying to find themselves in the midst of their chaotic lives, these compelling women use their valuable friendship to keep centered, on a special premiere of "Cashmere Mafia," SUNDAY, JANUARY 6 (10:01-11:00 p.m., ET), followed by its regular time period premiere which remains on WEDNESDAY, JANUARY 9 (10:00-11:00 p.m., ET), on the ABC Television Network.
Editors note: The special premiere originally scheduled for Thursday, January 3, will now air on Sunday, January 6.
Set in glamorous New York City, where titans of media, finance, advertising and publishing reside, these driven women, who daily share their relatable and relevant problems dealing with both the boardroom and bedroom, combine their smarts, wit and humor to deal with personal and professional misfortunes and stunning triumphs.
In the premiere episode, "Pilot," Mia and Jack Cutting make a quintessential New York power couple. Just engaged, the two face off in a cut-throat, "survivor-style" competition in order to determine which of them will be promoted to U.S. Group Publisher at Barnstead Media Group. A smitten Caitlin must face up to the strange but wonderful feelings she is encountering with a new love interest at the office. Meanwhile, Juliet decides on a unique method of payback for her husband Davis' indiscretions and simultaneously, in a bold move, must decide whether to drop her public image to step out in the world. And Zoe and her husband, Eric, are on another 24/7 whirl of balancing their full-time careers and the challenge of being good parents to two small children -- all with good humor. But how long will it be before the wheels come off the cart?
"Cashmere Mafia" stars Lucy Liu ("Ally McBeal," "Charlie's Angels") as Mia, Frances O'Connor ("A.I. � Artificial Intelligence," "Mansfield Park") as Zoe, Miranda Otto ("Lord of the Rings" trilogy, "The Starter Wife") as Juliet, Bonnie Somerville ("NYPD Blue," "Kitchen Confidential") as Caitlin, Peter Hermann ("Law & Order: SVU," "United 93") as Davis and Julian Ovenden ("Related," "Butley" on Broadway) as Eric.
Guest starring in "Pilot" are Tom Everett Scott as Jack Cutting, Lourdes Benedicto as Alicia Lawson, Kate Levering as Katherine Cutler, Noelle Beck as Cilla Grey, Addison Timlin as Emily Draper, Nicholas Reese Art as Luke Burden, Peyton List as Sasha Burden, Anna Camp as Brooke Adaire, Rich Dreher as Jeremy, Daniel Gerroll as Clive, Griffin Matthews as Patrick, James Yaegashi as Frederic, Kevin O' Rourke as Peter Johnson, Robert Jimenez as Senor Lopez, Malachy Cleary as Griffin Stern, Lily Mercer as smug mom, Kevin Murphy as Sam: driver, Regi Huc as bartender, Lawrence Wayne Ballard as ma�tre d', Matt Salinger as Gary Pell, Roy Carter as Caitlin's boyfriend, Darren Pettie as Father Dan and Kate Guyton as Tracy.
"Pilot" was written by Kevin Wade and directed by Michael Pressman.
Darren Star ("Sex and the City"), creator Kevin Wade ("Working Girl," "Maid in Manhattan"), Jeff Rake ("Boston Legal," "Miss Match"), director Michael Pressman ("Picket Fences," "Boston Legal") and Gail Katz ("The Agency," "The Perfect Storm") are executive producers. "Cashmere Mafia" is produced by Darren Star Productions, Back East Pictures, Inc. and Gail Katz Productions in association with Sony Pictures Television.
"Cashmere Mafia" is broadcast in 720 Progressive (720P), ABC's selected HDTV format, with 5.1-channel surround sound and Spanish subtitles via secondary closed captioning. A TV-parental guideline will be assigned closer to airdate.
This episode of "Cashmere Mafia" will be available on ABC.com the day after airing on the network for users to watch online.


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UMES offers 2013 summer camps; NYSP not being held
Still plenty of summer options for area youth.
PRINCESS ANNE, Md. - (May 20, 2013) The University of Maryland Eastern Shore Athletics Department won't sponsor the annual National Youth Sports Program for what would have been the 39th consecutive year; it was announced today by program director Beatrice Nelson.
"Due to budget constraints we are unable to have the program at UMES this summer," said Nelson. "It is my hope this matter will be resolved and the program can continue next summer," she said.
NYSP is an academic and instructional sports skill program that has successfully been promoting active and healthy lifestyles to our nation's youth for 40 years. It provides low-income children, ages 8-16, a four-week summer program offering sports and academic enrichment at colleges and universities nationwide.
Previously, the project operated at a minimum 25 days and enrolled fewer than 250 participants. It had a cost of $75 per child.
"I want to thank everyone for their outstanding support over the past years and we look forward to operating the program next year," said Nelson.
UMES will, however, offer other programs this summer. The Art Shell Junior Golf Tournament is for children ages 6th through 12th grade and provides the participants an opportunity to explore the 76 billion dollar industry that is professional golf. The event runs June 10th and June 11th and exposes participants and parents to informative sessions about the industry and concludes with a junior tournament on the 11th at Great Hope Golf Course in Westover, Md. Costs are $50 per local junior golfer and $150 for non-locals which includes room and board. Call 410-651-8637 for more information.
Hawk Athletics will hold the Van Norden Volleyball Camp with new UMES Head Volleyball Coach Millicent Van Norden July 15-18 on campus in the William P. Hytche Athletic Center. It is for girls ages 8-18 and helps take your game to the next level. Commuter and overnight options are available. Call 410-651-6538 for more information on that camp.
UMES is also the host of a two-week summer program for underserved middle-schoolers of the Eastern Shore looking for a career in the transportation field. Funded by the Federal Highway Administration through the Maryland State Highway Administration, the camp creates awareness and stimulates interest in the industry. It is a day program June 24-July 5 from 8 a.m. to 5 p.m. each day, Monday through Friday. The cost is free to selected participants. Camp includes a graphing calculator and lunch. Applicants must have a 2.0 GPA and be in grades 7-8 for the 13-14 year. It is open to Worcester, Wicomico and Somerset residents only. All materials must be received by June 14. Call 410-651-6472 for more information.
Finally, UMES is offering high-school age students a summer language program. Students can learn Arabic, Chinese or Russian. Registration is open now for the two-week intensive, commuter program. The courses are taught by native-speaking instructors in state-of-the-art language learning classrooms at UMES. Each language course costs $200. Chinese is June 17-28, Russian is July 8-19 and Arabic is July 29-August 9. Call 410-651-6543 for more information.
G. Stan Bradley, assistant director, Athletics, email@example.com, 410-651-6499.


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Twitter Sentiment for Obama, Romney Split in Swing States
As Election Day comes closer to an end, Twitter sentiment in swing states is split between Barack Obama and Mitt Romney.
Barack Obama's leading Mitt Romney on the Twitter Political Index in Michigan, Pennsylvania, North Carolina, Ohio, Florida, New Hampshire and Iowa. Romney's got the edge in New Mexico, Virginia, Colorado and Nevada. However, all 12 states are trending in Obama's favor, and he's got the lead in Twitter sentiment across the United States as a whole.
Obama's also been the most tweeted-about candidate in every swing state:
Obama the most-tweeted-about candidate in every swing state; 40% of national Tweets to 24% Romney, reversing trend of recent days.
— Twitter Government (@gov) November 6, 2012
Twitter's already seeing thousands of election-related tweets every minute, meaning the election might set a new record.
According to social media analysis frim Attention, powered by Tracx, Obama's also taking a bigger slice of the online conversation pie: Since voting began Tuesday morning, Obama's leading Romney with 64% of online conversations, while Romney's at 36%. Attention/Tracx has been tracking these numbers throughout the election, and noted that these numbers have just now returned to where they were at immediately prior to the first presidential debate.
Other interesting data? Twitter's once again the dominant spot of conversation, with 71.5% of election chatter happening there over the past few days. Facebook's got 18.5%, Tumblr's at 5% and blogs have the remaining 4%.
Of course, social media sentiment can't show who's actually winning an election — after all, only 22% of registered voters have talked about their vote publicly on social media.
What's your social network of choice for following the election? Share in the comments.
More Coverage of Election 2012
Yes, We GIFed: Obama's Animated Election Victory Celebration
Donald Trump Freaks Out on Twitter After Obama Wins Election
A Look Inside the Obama and Romney Headquarters on Election Night [PICS]
Mashable explores the trends changing politics in 2012 and beyond in Politics Transformed: The High Tech Battle for Your Vote, an in-depth look at how digital media is reshaping democracy.
Read a few of the top posts from the series:
Take it with you, buy Politics Transformed: The High Tech Battle for Your Vote on e-book and get access to four exclusive interviews!


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07 August, 2013 | (01 hr)
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MENLO PARK, Calif. – Facebook's top attorney said Friday night that after negotiations with national security officials the company has been given permission to make new but still very limited revelations about government orders to turn over user data.
Ted Ullyot, Facebook's general counsel, said in a statement Friday that Facebook is only allowed to talk about total numbers and must give no specifics. But he said the permission it has received is still unprecedented, and the company was lobbying to reveal more.
Using the new guidelines, Ullyot said Facebook received between 9,000 and 10,000 government requests from all government entities from local to federal in the last six months of 2012, on topics including missing children investigations, fugitive tracking and terrorist threats. The requests involved the accounts of between 18,000 and 19,000 Facebook users.
Facebook was not allowed to make public how many orders it received from a particular agency or on a particular subject. But the numbers do include all national security related requests including those submitted via national security letters and under the Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Act, or FISA, which companies had not previously been allowed to reveal.
Ullyot said the company wanted to reveal the information because of "confusion and inaccurate reporting" on the issue, and to show that only "a tiny fraction of one per cent" of its 1.1 billion users have been affected.
In a rare alliance, Facebook, Google and Microsoft Corp. have been pressuring the Obama administration to loosen their legal gag on government surveillance orders.
The companies have sought to distance themselves from the Internet dragnet code-named "PRISM" that was revealed in leaks last week.
Google said late Friday that it was waiting to be able to reveal more specific and meaningful information before releasing its surveillance figures.
"We have always believed that it's important to differentiate between different types of government requests," Google said in a statement. "We already publish criminal requests separately from National Security Letters. Lumping the two categories together would be a step back for users. Our request to the government is clear: to be able to publish aggregate numbers of national security requests, including FISA disclosures, separately."
An after-hours phone message left for Microsoft spokesman Pete Wootton was not immediately returned.
Facebook repeated recent assurances that the company scrutinizes every government request, and works aggressively to protect users' data. Facebook said it has a compliance rate of 79 per cent on government requests.
"We frequently reject such requests outright, or require the government to substantially scale down its requests, or simply give the government much less data than it has requested," Ullyot said." And we respond only as required by law."


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On another thread on Bill's forum, a claim was made that homosexuals are being "given" too many rights, and that its unwise to let them adopt. This thread is meant to be a place where anyone who has evidence (preferably) or a rational argument (at least) suggesting why same sex couples shouldn't be able to adopt just like opposite couples can present their case. It's worth pointing out that a lot of the "research" in this field is likely to come from people with agendas, on both sides (for example, The Family research council, focus on the family, or researcher Charlotte Patterson, a UVA researcher and former professor of mine who's testified on this matter in courts BUT was living in a same sex relationship) and these biases will have to be sorted out.
Why not start the other way, and ask same sex couples to prove they should be able to adopt? Well, I'm starting from the principle that we ought to have rights unless there's some reason we shouldn't have them. That fundementally, we're free. Innocent until proven guilty. Posters are welcome to challenge that concept, too, if they want to make the case that minority or underprivileged groups should have to prove they deserve equality rather tha the other way around, for example, that women should had to prove they should get to vote, or that racial minorities should have to prove they should be allowed to marry, or adopt, or so on.... or that same sex couples are exempt from that logic.


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EL PASO, Texas -- The wife and stepson of a decorated Army officer killed in 1977 have been formally charged with causing his death.
Court records show a state district court grand jury indicted Roger Evan Garrett, 54, and his mother, Lisbeth Ann Garrett, 74, on murder charges in the Jan. 3, 1977, slaying of Maj. Chester Garrett, whose body was found in a desert area in East El Paso County.
Last month, Roger Garrett was extradited from Knoxville, Tenn., where he had been living, to El Paso. Both Roger and Lisbeth Garrett remain in the El Paso County Jail on bonds of $1 million each. The bond amounts were reduced from $5 million during a recent bond hearing.
Cheri Ellington, Chester Garrett's oldest sister, expressed joy after hearing the news of the indictments. However, she said she was also disappointed that the bond amounts for Roger and Lisbeth Garrett were reduced because she fears Roger Garrett will try to skip his court appearances.
"I don't want them to lower that bail bond amount anymore," Ellington said during a phone interview Monday from her home in Nevada. "I'm so happy they've been indicted. It took 36 years, my God."
El Paso County sheriff's deputies arrested Lisbeth Garrett in February at her home in East El Paso, while police in Knoxville arrested Roger Garrett after asking him to meet at the Knoxville Police Department.
According to Ellington and sheriff's investigators, Roger and Lisbeth Garrett had long been suspected of taking part in Chester Garrett's slaying, but it wasn't until Patrick Garrett, the son of Chester and Lisbeth Garrett, came forward in January and told them what he knew of his father's killing that investigators were able to collect enough evidence to make an arrest.
According to a sheriff's arrest affidavit, a passing motorist found Chester Garrett's body in the rear seat of his 1972 Volkswagen Beetle about three miles north of Interstate 10 on Americas Avenue. He had been wearing a blue jogging suit and tennis shoes.
An autopsy found that Chester Garrett, an Army Special Forces officer and a Green Beret, had a fractured skull, severe brain contusions and numerous stab wounds. He may have been already dead or unconscious when stabbed.
Investigators who searched the Garretts' home on Backus Street after the slaying allegedly found a bottle of muriatic acid that had apparently been used to clean half of the garage floor, and discovered what appeared to be blood spots on the sheet rock in the garage area.
Patrick Garrett, who was 12 years old when his father was slain, told investigators he helped clean the garage floor of his home following the slaying, and that Roger Garrett admitted to him at least twice that Roger and Lisbeth Garrett were involved in Chester Garrett's death.
At the time of Chester Garrett's death, Chester and Lisbeth Garrett were separated. She lived in the home on Backus Street, while he lived in bachelor's quarters at Fort Bliss.
Cheri Ellington said she believes Patrick only came forward this year with what he knew because he may have been paid by his half-brother in exchange for his silence, and those payments recently stopped.
"I figured that's why Patrick turned them in, they cut him off," Ellington said.
She said she was the last family member to see her brother alive. About two weeks before his death, Ellington said, she met with Chester Garrett and his new girlfriend at the Fort Bliss Officers Club. She also said if Lisbeth Garrett participated in Chester Garrett's death, Lisbeth Garrett may have been motivated by money and their impending divorce.
"They were always fighting over money," Ellington said.
Ellington said she believes her brother was ambushed when he was killed. She described Chester Garrett as at least 6 feet tall with extensive military training.
"If he had saw them coming, he would have protected himself," Ellington said. "He had a heart of gold. He was the best."
Ellington said although her family will never experience closure, she will be glad once someone is convicted of killing her brother.
"You can never have closure when it's a horrible, brutal death," Ellington said. "He suffered a lot, I'm sure."
If convicted of murder, Roger and Lisbeth Garrett each face five to 99 years in prison and a fine of up to $10,000.
Arraignments for Roger and Lisbeth Garrett are pending in the 168th District Court before Judge Marcos Lizarraga. Roger Garrett's attorney is listed as Matthew DeKoatz, while Lisbeth Garrett has yet to retain a lawyer.


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Pack 175's
Home Page
Den 7 - Sr. Webelos
Den 8 - Jr. Webelos
Den 1 - Bears
Den 2 - Wolves
Den 3 - Tigers
Cub Scout Pack 175
(Carol Stream, Illinois)
Contact Our Pack
Member Login
Cub Scout Pack 175
Welcome to the Cub Scout Pack 175 Public Home Page!
For those of you interested in joining the pack, the following information may help!
Why Join Cub Scouts?
Join Cub Scouts for the experience! Cub Scouting is a great way for elementary school aged boys to learn a lot of basic life skills and values, and about themselves, all while having fun and making friends along the way. The scouts will experience the outdoors through camping, hiking, and other activities. They'll learn basic woodworking skills by prepping their car for the Pinewood Derby. The boys will take part in a variety of service projects and learn the importance of being good citizens and neighbors. And they'll visit a variety of venues - from museums to retail outlets to police and fire departments - to learn what goes on there and why it's important.
Who is Pack 175?
Cub Scout Pack 175 is chartered to the Concerned Citizens of Benjamin District 25 (Carol Stream & West Chicago, IL) serving boys from Evergreen and Benjamin Schools. What exactly does that mean? It means that District 25 has agreed to support the youth in the District by hosting our Pack. The District supports Pack 175 logistically - by providing meeting space and other support as needed. It does not, in any way, fund or provide any financial support to the Pack. We are led by volunteer parents JUST LIKE YOU!
What is the Cub Scout hierarchy?
Cub Scouts is part of the Boy Scouts of America (BSA), and as such it is governed by the same way that the local Boy Scout troops are. Other than a handful of paid employees, much of what happens at all levels of Scouting is through the dedication of volunteer parents like you. Pack 175 is part of the Chanonee District of the Saint Charles, IL based Three Fires Council.
What are the Cub Scout ranks and what grade levels do they serve?
Sr. Webelos - Grade 5
Jr. Webelos - Grade 4
Bears - Grade 3
Wolves - Grade 2
Tigers - Grade 1
When are meetings?
Pack Meetings
are generally held once on a monthly basis. Typically, the meetings run 60 to 90 minutes.
Den Meetings
or Den Outings are scheduled by Den Leaders and parents according to the scheduling availability of their own den. Some dens meet immediately after school and others meet during the evenings or weekends. Typically, dens meet one or two times per month with outings running between 60 to 90 minutes.
Pack Activities / Community Service
are often once per month on a varying schedule depending on the event.
Interested in helping and training?
Cub Scouts in general and Pack 175 relies heavily on the help of many volunteer parents. If you are interested in helping out, BSA provides many opportunities for volunteers to receive training in an area they are interested. Much of the training is online, self-study, but classroom sessions are available. Please visit the Three Fires Council website,
, to learn about the courses available. All registered Cub Scout Leaders are required to take Youth Protection Training. It is recommended that all parents visit the website and familiarize themselves with BSA policies on Youth Protection.
Camping Equipment
Want to attend a Pack Camp-out, but don't own a tent? Not to worry; Pack 175 has a number of tents and other camping gear available for use. Contact your Den Leader or the Cubmaster for additional details.
What about the Uniform?
Visit the local Scout Shop to purchase the uniform. Pack 175 utilizes Deicke Scout Shop located at 4S100 Rt. 59, Naperville, Illinois (near the intersection of Rt. 59 and Ferry Road). When you arrive at the Scout Shop, inform the store personnel that your son is joining Pack 175 and provide your son's den number. The Scout Shop associates are very knowledgeable and can walk you through the rest. Pack 175 does provide all their scouts with the neckerchief, slide, and den level handbook so you will not have to purchase those items yourself. Note that we consider the official scout pants, cap, belt, and socks as optional, so pick up those items only if you wish. The Red Brag Vest is also optional, but you and your son will almost certainly want this down the road when your son starts accumulating patches. The items you'll definitely need now are the blue uniform shirt and some initial patches to put on it, which store staff can show you.
What about fundraising?
Pack 175 chooses to keep our annual registration fee low so a scouting experience can be accessible to all interested boys and their families. The current registration costs do not cover the entire annual costs per scout so we ask for your participation in fundraising. Pack 175's primary fundraiser this year is Scouts Popcorn.
We hope that the above information has been helpful. If you have any additional questions, feel free to call your son's Den Leader or any leader in Pack 175. We also welcome any ideas or suggestions you may have.
Council Website
Pack 175 is part of the Three Fires Council serving local Boy Scouts and Cub Scouts.
For more information check out their website by clicking on the link below:
Pack 175 is on Facebook
Come check out Pack 175 on Facebook!
Here you'll find updates from pack outings as well as additional information regarding our pack.
Click on the link below:
Cub Scout Pack 175 - Facebook Homepage
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CORONAVIRUS: Latest updates here. Our 100% buyer guarantee applies to future purchases too!
CORONAVIRUS: Latest updates here. Our 100% buyer guarantee applies to future purchases too!
Unfortunately, we don't have any information about upcoming performances of this show. Maybe we can interest you with something similar from the options below...
Closed August 13, 2019
One Direction may about to be overshadowed by this newest band.....
Why Don't We are hitting the road in support of their debut album, 8 Letters! Released at the end of August, 2018, 8 Letters includes the hit song 'Trust Fund Baby'. Don't miss out when they hit your town!
Posited as the likely successors to One Direction, WDW comprises former solo pop stars Corbyn Besson, Daniel Seavey, Jack Avery, Jonah Marais, and Zach Herron, forming in September of last year. Combining their good looks, talent and charming personas under one banner, their sound is inspired by the likes of Justin Bieber, The Chainsmokers and Shawn Mendes, to name just three influences. Their debut EP, aptly named 'Only The Beginning' dropped in October, with three singles spawned from the release, including "Taking You".
The band has currently been working with YouTube vlogger Logan Paul, who has directed three of their videos and was involved in collaboration on their track "Help Me Help You".
Performance date: 13 August 2019
3 reviews, average rating: (4.3 Stars)
I LOVEEE WDW AND IM SOO PROUD OF THEM I SAW THEM ON MARCH 23 2018 OF THE... more
why don't we is amazing and i love them, they treat every show as its own... more
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