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Surgical Procedures for Peptic Ulcer Disease
]]>Main Page]]> | ]]>Risk Factors]]> | ]]>Symptoms]]> | ]]>Diagnosis]]> | ]]>Treatment]]> | ]]>Screening]]> | ]]>Reducing Your Risk]]> | ]]>Talking to Your Doctor]]> | ]]>Resource Guide]]>
Now that doctors understand the connection between H. pylori infection, nonsteroidal drug usage, and peptic ulcers, ulcer surgery has become quite rare. Most ulcers can be managed and prevented from recurring by testing for and treating H. pylori infection, eliminating nonsteroidal use, and using powerful ulcer healing drugs, such as omeprazole or similar substances.However, you may require surgery if, despite several courses of treatment, you still have recurrences or if you have severe complications. Complications that might require surgery include:
- Bleeding
- Perforation, which is a medical emergency.
- Obstruction—Scarring from peptic ulcers may obstruct flow through the stomach and duodenum. This is also a medical emergency.
Endoscopic Ulcer Treatment
This is used to stop bleeding. By passing a lighted scope into your intestinal tract, your doctor can find bleeding areas and treat them. Heat or electricity applied to the area of bleeding usually stops the blood flow. Epinephrine can also be applied through the endoscope to help stop bleeding. Clips can also be placed on bleeding ulcers to pinch off bleeding blood vessels.
Vagotomy involves cutting branches of the vagus nerve, which is involved in the production of stomach acid. Cutting the vagus nerve can greatly reduce acid production. Cutting through the entire nerve, however, can interfere with the stomach's ability to empty itself, so newer techniques cut only part of the nerve.
Antrectomy is a surgical procedure whereby the lower part of the stomach (antrum) is removed. The antrum produces a chemical that prompts acid production. Without that chemical, acid production drops. This may provide some protection against recurrent peptic ulcers.
]]>Pyloroplasty]]> makes the opening between the stomach and the duodenum larger, allowing stomach contents to flow more easily into the intestine. Pyloroplasty was at one time frequently utilized to reduce complications of vagotomy.
American College of Gastroenterology website. Available at: http://www.acg.gi.org/ . Accessed March 3, 2006.
Cecil RL, Goldman L, Bennett JC. Cecil Textbook of Medicine . 21st ed. Philadelphia, PA: WB Saunders Company; 2000.
Meurer LN, Bower DJ. Management of helicobacter pylori infection. Am Fam Physician [online]. Apr 2002;65(7). Available at: http://www.aafp.org/afp/20020401/1327.html.
National Digestive Diseases Information Clearinghouse website. Available at:. http://digestive.niddk.nih.gov/ . Accessed March 3, 2006.
Last reviewed June 2008 by ]]>Daus Mahnke, MD]]>
Please be aware that this information is provided to supplement the care provided by your physician. It is neither intended nor implied to be a substitute for professional medical advice. CALL YOUR HEALTHCARE PROVIDER IMMEDIATELY IF YOU THINK YOU MAY HAVE A MEDICAL EMERGENCY. Always seek the advice of your physician or other qualified health provider prior to starting any new treatment or with any questions you may have regarding a medical condition.
Copyright © 2007 EBSCO Publishing All rights reserved.


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Choose your language
"When I am in an asana, I go beyond the chronological and psychological boundary of time." ~Guruji BKS Iyengar
Guruji emphasises the aspect of maintaining an asana to build it up, develop and surface the effects and reap its benefits.
As the endurance, power and confidence grows the timing should be increased. Timing is important from the point of view of creating and developing a circulation in the body which is peculiar to the asana.
Timing is not a mere calculation of seconds and minutes one remains in an asana. It is a 'time requisition' made by an asana for its evolution when one matures in sadhana.
When each cell is sensitive to being in the present, it is timing.

subset: commoncrawl


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Composition: Amlodipine 2.5mg
Availability of this product will assure once the Pharmacy partners is confirmed.
Amlocare 2.5mg tablet is used in the treatment of hypertension and chest pain (angina).
Amlocare 2.5mg tablet is a calcium channel blocker. It blocks the action of calcium on the heart and blood vessels. This lowers the blood pressure, abnormally fast heartbeat and reduces strain on the heart following a heart attack.
Fatigue, Ankle swelling, Sleepiness, Flushing (sense of warmth in the face, ears, neck and trunk), Headache, Nausea, Dizziness, Palpitations, Edema, Abdominal pain.
(strip of 10 tablets)
Zyphar's Pharmaceuticals Pvt Ltd


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CAPITOL HEIGHTS, Md. (AP) — Prince George's County police are identifying three people who were found dead this weekend in a Capitol Heights apartment.
Police say 38-year-old Ortiz Ola of Capitol Heights was found dead Saturday evening, along with 33-year-old Weldon Mason of Laurel and 33-year-old Staci Taneesha White of Laurel.
Police say officers were called to the 5200-block of Marlboro Pike after a 911 caller reported finding the bodies. Police say all three were suffering from gunshot wounds. They were pronounced dead on the scene.
Investigators are trying to determine a suspect and motive in the case. Detectives are returning to the neighborhood Sunday afternoon to talk with members of the community.
Anyone with information on the case is asked to call Prince George's County Police.
(Copyright 2013 by The Associated Press. All Rights Reserved.)


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Amazing strength, meet slightly less amazing strength: For the Chicago Auo Show, General Motors welded an old Silverado HD frame to a new one. Boxed rails? We got your boxed rails right here.
On a certain level, this feels a little wrong, doesn't it? It's like looking at a conjoined twin where one half is pre-Conan the Barbarian Arnold Schwarzennegger and the other is the shrunken, withered Ahnold the Governor. Chevy, what kind of Dr. Moreau horror show are you running? Can you do this with anything else? I've always wondered what it would be like to have a Camaroburban. For that matter, it doesn't even have to be pure GM: 370ZR1? Raptormaro? Thundercougarfalconbird?
Now I just want a heavy-duty truck. What's wrong with me?


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Celeb chat: Kanye and Kim Kardashian engaged and more
This week, we will be chatting with Bay Area News Group entertainment columnist Tony Hicks about the latest in Hollywood news. Hicks has been a columnist since 2007 and writes about, in his words: "pop culture, my kids and whatever else pops into my brain an hour before deadline."
This week we will be talking about Kanye West and Kim Kardashian getting engaged, including rumors there will be no prenup. All that and more in this week's chat.
You can submit your questions, comments or reactions in the comment box below. You can sign in using one of many social media accounts or you can enter a user name – no verification required. We want to hear from you and chat with you about the latest in Tinseltown.
This "Hollywood Gone Wild" chat takes place every Friday at 2 p.m. ET/11 a.m. PT.


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MoxDuoTreatment for Pain
QRxPharma Granted Target Date for FDA Action on MoxDuo IR NDA: NDA Accepted for Review; PDUFA Date Set for June 25, 2012
SYDNEY and BEDMINSTER, N.J., Nov. 8, 2011 /PRNewswire/ -- QRxPharma Limited announced today it received written acceptance from the United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for review of the MoxDuo IR New Drug Application (NDA) filed earlier this year. The FDA also set June 25, 2012 as the PDUFA (Prescription Drug User Fee Act) target date for action on the approval of the MoxDuo IR NDA.
"We are extremely pleased with this important milestone from the FDA and – subject to approval – making plans to launch MoxDuo IR in the second half of 2012 for the treatment to moderate to severe acute pain," said Dr. John Holaday, Managing Director and CEO, QRxPharma. "This is a testament to the successful clinical trial program conducted by the Company and indicates the path to market is on track, adding value for shareholders and strategic partners."
The FDA letter stated the agency had completed their filing review of the MoxDuo IR NDA submitted on August 24, 2011 and determined the application was sufficiently complete to permit a substantive review. The FDA notification included useful technical information on chemistry, manufacturing and controls (CMC), as well as the pediatric program to be conducted after drug approval that would enable further marketing exclusivity. The NDA is the basis for US regulatory approval of MoxDuo IR for the treatment of moderate to severe acute pain, a $2.5 billion segment of the $8 billion spent annually on prescription opioids in the US.
QRxPharma initiated its MoxDuo IR NDA with the FDA in July 2011 with submission of the CMC module and completed the filing requirements in August with the Clinical and Non-Clinical Data package. The NDA was submitted under 505(b)(2) regulations wherein approval for a new drug may be expedited by citing historical published evidence supporting each of MoxDuo's already approved components to supplement the data derived from QRxPharma's robust development program.
To date, more than 700 patients have been treated with MoxDuo IR in seven late-stage clinical trials over the Company's successful Phase 3 program. Clinical data have consistently demonstrated that MoxDuo IR achieves equal or better pain relief with fewer incidences of moderate to severe opioid-related side effects compared to current standards of care.
The US NDA package will also serve as the core component of MoxDuo registration submissions in Europe, Australia, Canada and elsewhere. The Company believes the recently completed Study 022 which demonstrated a clinically significant reduction in respiratory depression compared to equi-analgesic doses of morphine and of oxycodone, the major cause of death from opioids, will add further value for strategic partners, regulators and prescribers. This study will be submitted to the FDA as a NDA safety update at the end of 2011 and facilitate label claim advantages for MoxDuo IR when the European Marketing Authorisation Application (MAA) is submitted in 2012.
QRxPharma Limited (ASX: QRX and OTCQX: QRXPY) is a commercial-stage specialty pharmaceutical company focused on the development and commercialisation of new treatments for pain management and central nervous system (CNS) disorders. Based on a development strategy that focuses on enhancing and expanding the clinical utility of currently marketed compounds, the Company's product portfolio includes both late and early stage clinical drug candidates with the potential for reduced risk, abbreviated development paths, and improved patient outcomes. The Company intends to co-promote its products in the US and seeks strategic partnerships for worldwide markets. QRxPharma's lead product candidate, immediate release MoxDuo, now awaits approval by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA). Additionally, the Company's clinical pipeline includes an intravenous (IV) and continuous release (CR) formulation of MoxDuo, as well as other pipeline technologies in the fields of pain management, neurodegenerative disease and venomics.
Forward Looking Statements
This release contains forward-looking statements. Forward-looking statements are statements that are not historical facts; they include statements about our beliefs and expectations. Any statement in this release that states our intentions, beliefs, expectations or predictions (and the assumptions underlying them) is a forward-looking statement. These statements are based on plans, estimates and projections as they are currently available to the management of QRxPharma. Forward-looking statements therefore speak only as of the date they are made, and we undertake no obligation to update publicly any of them in light of new information or future events. By their very nature, forward-looking statements involve risks and uncertainties. A number of important factors could therefore cause actual results to differ materially from those contained in any forward-looking statement. Such factors include risks relating to the stage of products under development; uncertainties relating to clinical trials; dependence on third parties; future capital needs; and risks relating to the commercialisation of the Company's proposed products.
SOURCE QRxPharma Limited
Posted: November 2011
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- QRxPharma Announces 25 May 2014 as New PDUFA Date for MoxDuo NDA - December 11, 2013
- QRxPharma Refiles MoxDuo New Drug Application with the FDA - November 26, 2013
- QRxPharma Receives Complete Response Letter From FDA Regarding MoxDuo NDA - August 28, 2013
- FDA Sets 26 August 2013 As New PDUFA Date For MoxDuo NDA - March 14, 2013
- QRxPharma Resubmits MoxDuo New Drug Application to the FDA - February 28, 2013
- QRxPharma and FDA Establish Path Forward for Resubmission Of Moxduo New Drug Application - January 16, 2013
- QRxPharma Receives Complete Response Letter From FDA Regarding MoxDuo NDA - June 27, 2012
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Linksys Wireless-B WMA11B media adapter
The latest entry in the emerging category of digital audio receivers and media adapters is the Linksys Wireless-B media adapter, also know as the WMA11B. It uses your existing wireless home network to link your PC and entertainment center. The WMA11B works as advertised, streaming MP3s to your stereo and displaying digital snapshots on your TV, but considering that this 802.11b media adapter doesn't support video and lacks certain security features, it's pricey. Still, if you're itching to connect your living room to the rest of your wireless home network, the WMA11B is the best media adapter we've seen so far. The media adapter's package includes a setup CD; an AC adapter; Ethernet, RCA, and S-Video cables; and a remote control. Documentation consists of an installation guide and a 56-page electronic manual. To use the media adapter, your TV must have a composite-video or an S-Video input, and your stereo needs an RCA jack. Your computer must have 802.11b wireless or Ethernet installed with TCP/IP enabled. Finally, you need to have Windows XP Home Edition or Professional as your installed OS; other Windows users, not to mention Mac users, are out of luck.
Setting up the media adapter is complicated, but the included quick-install guide breaks the process into a series of simple tasks. First, you connect the device to your computer using an Ethernet cable and run the setup CD, which walks you through network configuration. You could do this through the TV, but it's more awkward that way. Next, you'll need to load the Media Adapter Utility onto your PC. For this, you'll need Microsoft's .Net framework, which became a standard part of the Windows XP OS only recently. The setup CD automatically checks your computer and installs .Net, if necessary. Last, you use the Media Adapter Utility to tell the device where your pictures and music are stored on the PC.
When everything's set, it's time to plug in the media adapter to the stereo and TV. If your stereo and TV are placed far apart, you may need to buy an extension cable. Once connected, the media adapter's menu appears automatically on the TV screen. Other media adapters and digital audio receivers hit the market earlier this year, but the cd3o is the only direct competitor we've reviewed that fully integrates itself into an existing wireless LAN, while others such as the Lyra Wireless RCA RD900W and the X10 Lola are more limited as far as networking goes. Even the cd3o fails to offer the flexibility and easy LAN integration you'll get with the WMA11B.
The media adapter's vertical profile and compact size (1.97 inches wide by 6.3 inches deep by 7.48 inches tall) make it easy to tuck into a small space. A set of LEDs on its front show network activity. Along the back are all of the connectors, a Reset (to default settings) button, and an uplink button that toggles the Ethernet port between MDI and MDIX cable settings.
The Wireless-B media adapter's remote is fairly intuitive. Select either the Pictures or the Music button to access the content folders on your PC. Image and music files can be retrieved simultaneously. You hit the Setup button to check the media adapter's wireless and network settings and make changes with the onscreen keyboard. You may find it awkward to navigate the keyboard and select characters using the remote's arrow buttons, though.
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The remote makes it easy to play media files on your TV or stereo.
The media adapter cannot address all of your music needs. The Utility can access content on external drives, but it can't play audio CDs. The Media Adapter won't process WAV audio files, video of any kind, or Internet radio, though Linksys is considering these features for future upgrades.
The media adapter can join a Wi-Fi network that uses 64- or 128-bit WEP encryption, but it does not support the more advanced WPA standard. Then again, no other product in this developing category offers WPA, either. Linksys plans to support WPA later this year through a free firmware upgrade. Also, the device won't work with most firewalls, including Windows XP's. In CNET Labs' tests, the Linksys Wireless-B media adapter achieved 5.3Mbps maximum throughput, putting it on a par with the best 802.11b devices. Its 100-foot range gives it an operational zone of more than 30,000 square feet--plenty for the typical home or apartment. As range increases, however, the media adapter's throughput will decrease, and you should expect compromised audio quality at the fringes of its range. In our informal tests, the media adapter connected without a hitch to seven different Wi-Fi devices and continued to send an uninterrupted audio stream while the others were sending and receiving data. The composite-video link produced fuzzy viewing of still photographs, but the S-Video connection was pinpoint perfect, and the audio was static-free.
The media adapter is definitely a resource hog, though. The computer running the Media Adapter Utility occasionally hit peaks of 100 percent memory use, and we also noted 70 percent CPU-use spikes.
For practical throughput tests, CNET Labs uses NetIQ's Chariot 4.3 software with Chariot 4.4 Endpoints as its benchmark. For wireless testing, the clients and the routers are set up to transmit at various distances from the access point and to automatically select the best transmit speed. All tests are run with Chariot software using TCP and are run in our CNET offices over channel 1. Our tests indicate the range that you can expect in a typical office environment, but range in your own home or office may differ. You may be able to achieve better performance in situations where you can establish a clear line of sight. For more details on how we test networking devices, see the CNET Labs site. The Wireless-B media adapter's service-and-support policies could be better for the price. The media adapter comes with lifetime, 24/7 phone and e-mail support, but its one-year warranty is much shorter than the three years' coverage that Linksys offers on most of its wireless products. At least the Linksys Web site has plenty to offer, from manuals and firmware updates to troubleshooting, warranty info, and online product registration.


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Pension changes get initial OK in Legislature
The state Assembly on Friday approved sweeping changes to public employee pensions that were expected to move quickly to Gov. Jerry Brown and be signed into law.
The main pension bill, AB340, won approval on a 49-8 vote in the Assembly. Lawmakers voted even as companion legislation was hustled up to make key fixes in the hastily written bill, which was being taken up during the final day of the legislative session. Some Republican lawmakers complained the process was rushed and preferred to delay a vote until the drafting mistakes were fixed.
The deal will increase the retirement age for new employees, eliminate numerous abuses of the system and require workers who are not contributing half of their retirement costs to pay more.
Brown announced the pension package this week, 10 months after he released a 12-point reform proposal that would have gone much further than the approach approved Friday. Underlying the negotiations was staunch opposition from public employee labor unions who are supporting Brown's November proposal to temporarily raise sales taxes and taxes on high-income earners.
While some union leaders expressed dismay over the final bill, Democrats appeased their labor allies by removing some of the most important elements of Brown's original proposal, such as instituting a hybrid pension plan that would have included a 401(k)-style savings vehicle.
Assemblyman Jim Nielsen, R-Gerber, said the bill was an example of "the Legislature at its worst: Last-minute scrambling around on a major, major issue."
Lawmakers waited until the very end of their session before voting on an issue the governor began promoting 10 months before.
"The governor can sign it and say, `We did pension reform. Hooray! Now support the tax increase.' I think this only gives more reason to say no to the tax increase, that the Legislature that spends their money proceeds in this kind of manner," Nielsen said.
As the other house took up the package, Sen. Mimi Walters, an Orange County Republican who has made pension reform one of her leading causes, said she would support the plan. But she emphasized that it should not be considered true reform because it failed to substantially address the state's massive unfunded pension liability.
She said she hoped the package would be the first step toward making even larger systemic changes.
Actuaries estimate the changes would save up to $55 billion over 30 years. California's two main public pension funds have liabilities of nearly $165 billion.
Brown said Friday the package was a difficult compromise with many "contentious parties."
"This is the most far-reaching pension reform in the history of California," he said.
Some Democratic lawmakers closely aligned with labor also opposed the legislation, saying it could be the first step toward rolling back collective bargaining rights.
"This is a slippery slope," said Assemblyman Sandre Swanson, D-Alameda, who opposed the bill.
Brown rejected those arguments, noting that some of the provisions that greatly expanded public employee pensions also were done through the legislative process.
Still, the package fell short of Brown's original proposal. In addition to the lack of a 401(k)-style plan that would make public employees bear some of the investment risk, as private-sector workers do, nothing was done to reduce skyrocketing retiree health care costs.
And the union-dominated board that oversees operations of the California Public Employees' Retirement System, the nation's largest public pension fund, will not face reforms or independent oversight of its decisions, as Brown had sought.
Associated Press writer Judy Lin contributed to this report.