To obtain the temperature field of the radio frequency induction plasma torch in preparation of superfine powder,the governing equations for the coupled electric field,temperature field and flow field were set up based on heat transfer,electromagnetic theory,and incompressible Navier-Stocks equations.A numerical simulation of the electrothermal effect and fluid-thermal interaction in powder preparation were simulated using the finite element method,to obtain the velocity distribution and temperature distribution of the plasma torch in the flow process.The results show that a vortex exists in the plasma heating region,and the highest temperature point is not on the axial line of the region.The higher the power input,the smaller the distance between the highest temperature region and the coil for skin effect.Under the same gas flux condition,the distance between the highest temperature point and the coil is 0.062 m when the power input is 2 kW,and 0.039 m when the power input is 5 kW.


www.aafp.org/afp AMERICAN FAMILY PHYSICIAN 1667 Definition Autistic disorder is a pervasive developmental disorder defined behaviorally as a syndrome consisting of abnormal development of social skills (withdrawal, lack of interest in peers), limitations in the use of interactive language (speech as well as nonverbal communication), and sensorimotor deficits (inconsistent responses to environmental stimuli). In this article, the more generic terms autism and autistic refer to the broad spectrum of pervasive developmental disorders that exhibit autistic features as their primary presenting behaviors. The term autistic disorder is used to describe the specific developmental disorder that occurs at the more severely affected end of this spectrum (Table 1). The development of impairments in autistic persons is varied (Table 2) and characteristically uneven, resulting in good skills in some areas and poor skills in others. Echolalia, the involuntary repetition of a word or a sentence just spoken by another person, is a common feature of language impairment that, when present, may cause language skills to appear better than they really are. There may also be deficiencies in symbolic thinking, stereotypic behaviors (e.g., repetitive nonproR ecognition of the disorder called autism may have its origin in Itard's 1801 description of the "wild boy of Aveyron," a violent child with no language skills who related to other people as if they were objects. It was not until 1943 that Kanner identified a complex set of characteristics (e.g., aberrations in social development, verbal and nonverbal communication, symbolic thinking) for a syndrome he labeled "autism." Although Kanner theorized that a single, biologically based defect was responsible for the development of autistic disorders, treatment in the 1950s and 1960s was dominated by the psychodynamic theory of the etiology of autism that charged that pathologic parenting was responsible for the withdrawal of children from their environment. Following the 1970s discovery of neuroreceptors, endogenous neurohormones, and the stereospecific binding sites of neuropeptides to neurons, clinicians have discounted the psychodynamic theory of autism and repostulated Kanner's original supposition that biologically based deficits are responsible for the etiology of autism. Autistic disorder, a pervasive developmental disorder resulting in social, language, or sensorimotor deficits, occurs in approximately seven of 10,000 persons. Early detection and intervention significantly improve outcome, with about one third of autistic persons achieving some degree of independent living. Indications for developmental evaluation include no babbling, pointing, or use of other gestures by 12 months of age, no single words by 16 months of age, no two-word spontaneous phrases by 24 months of age, and loss of previously learned language or social skills at any age. The differential diagnosis includes other psychiatric and pervasive developmental disorders, deafness, and profound hearing loss. Autism is frequently associated with fragile X syndrome and tuberous sclerosis, and may be caused by lead poisoning and metabolic disorders. Common comorbidities include mental retardation, seizure disorder, and psychiatric disorders such as depression and anxiety. Behavior modification programs are helpful and are usually administered by multidisciplinary teams; targeted medication is used to address behavior concerns. Many different treatment approaches can be used, some of which are unproven and have little scientific support. Parents may be encouraged to investigate national resources and local support networks. (Am Fam Physician 2002;66:1667-74,1680. Copyright© 2002 American Academy of Family Physicians.) Autism: A Medical Primer


The invention relates to an assembled digital home terminal with design of independent functional components, which comprises at least one independent functional component and an assembly bracket, wherein the assembly bracket can be assembled with the independent functional component and is used for supporting the independent functional component and comprises a left support side plate and a right side plate and at least one support middle frame corresponding to the independent functional component. The assembled digital home terminal with the design of independent functional components is a brand new design of the field of home electronic products, and the creative design of independent functional components realizes selective expansion of the functions of the home digital terminals.


Preharvest sprouting may reduce end-use quality and is thus an important grading criterion in all market classes of wheat (Triticum spp.). There are few reports in the literature of genetic variation in preharvest sprouting resistance in durum wheat (T. turgidum L. var durum), and the only apparent attempts to breed sprouting resistant durums have been to transfer resistance from red common wheat (T. aestivum L.). Use of resistance sources within the durum species would be easier, so this study was undertaken to assess the variation for sprouting resistance in durum. Sprouting resistance of 185 durum genotypes was evaluated in 1990. Unreplicated samples of 10 spikes from each genotype were evaluated in an artificial rain chamber. Sixty of these genotypes wer re-evaluated in a replicated study in 1991 [...]


Physical medicine and rehabilitation has developed into a medical specialty that aims to restore optimal patient function in multiple dimensions of life with an interdisciplinary approach to care delivery.


The study was designed to determine the extent to which secretaries adopt electronic records protection practices in polytechnics in Edo and Delta States. One research question was raised and two null hypotheses were tested at 0.05 level of significance. The study adopted the descriptive survey design. A total population of 188 secretaries in polytechnics in Edo and Delta States were used for the study without sampling. A structured and validated questionnaire was used to collect data for the study. Mean and standard deviation were used to answer the research question and determine the homogeneity of respondents' responses. The hypotheses were tested using t-test at 0.05 level of significance. The findings of the study revealed that electronic records protection practices were adopted in managing records in polytechnics in Edo and Delta States to a low extent. The findings also revealed that secretaries do not differ significantly in their mean ratings on the extent to which electronic records protection practices are adopted in managing records in polytechnics in Edo and Delta State as a result of gender and their years of working experience. The study concluded that secretaries in polytechnics in Edo and Delta States lack the professional capacity to adopt electronic records protection practices for managing digital records. It was recommended among others that professional workshops and seminars should be organised for secretaries to enable them learn how to adopt electronic records protection practices for effective job performance in the polytechnics.


Results: Seroprevalence of L intracellularis was 90% for sows and 56% for finisher pigs. Seventy-three percent of herds were seropositive. Within-herd prevalence was higher in farrow-to-finish farms than in multi-site operations (P < .001), and lower in herds with all-in, all-out rather than continuous-flow management in the finishing barn (P < .01). Implications: Under the conditions of this study, seroprevalence of L intracellularis was high, suggesting that the organism is widespread in the Ontario swine population. More sows than finisher pigs are seropositive. Serologic tests are valuable tools for determining the status of the herd with respect to L intracellularis infection.


A follow-up study that tracked a sample of 133 people released from a state mental hospital showed that 35 percent became homeless within three months, supporting the theory that deinstitutionalization contributes to homelessness. An in-depth, qualitative tracking procedure provides data to describe key characteristics of the homeless person and the process by which people become homeless. These data point to solutions for improved care of severely mentally disabled people for whom the aftercare system has failed.


On two occasions I have observed Allantus basilaris (Say) Nort. ♀ devouring another insect; in one instance the larva of a Chrysopa, in the other a small flower beetle of the genus Phalacrus. Although no such habit has been recorded previously in regard to any American species, it does not appear to be entirely without precedent among the European members of this family, for, according to Westwood, (Introd., ii., 109) "Various species, however, (T. viridis, scalaris, etc.) attack and devour living insects which frequent the same plants, as observed by St. Fargeau (Ann. Soc. Ent. France, 1834, p. 11) and Dahlbom (Prod. Hym. Scand., p. 38)."


Unlike some other kinds of wildlife, insects have little attraction for the public. Insects tend to be a specialist interest, partly because the numbers of species are so large. This concentrates attention on insect identification and the impossibility of accomplishing this in the field except in a few cases. Some conflict between economic entomologists and conservationists has been apparent. Conservation organizations, including those specifically interested in insects, have influenced attitudes, as has the development of ecology, applied biogeography, and other scientific disciplines. Legislation for insect conservation is not satisfactory; not enough emphasis is laid on habitat conservation and the concepts of protected and endangered species are confused. Better cooperation and understanding between legislators and field entomologists are desirable. Species conservation in Britain emphasises butterflies. Many of the species thought to be threatened with extinction in 1925 are also of priority concern today. Better habitat management and re-establishments, both national and local, are important conservation activities. In the Third World, conservation is closely linked with utilization of the resource. This rational and sustainable use is in accordance with the World Conservation Strategy and benefits the rural poor in areas where attitudes to conservation in the developed world are inappropriate.


The invention provides a printing apparatus and a control method thereof. The printing apparatus capable of connecting a post-processing apparatus includes a printing unit configured to convey an envelope so that the long edge of the envelope can become a leading edge in conveyance direction and print an image on the envelope. When the post-processing apparatus is connected, the printing apparatus restricts from conveying the envelope so that the long edge of the envelope becomes the leading edge in conveyance direction for printing the image on the envelop.


This analog chip, used in conjunction with a dedicated optical front-end, delivers azimuth, elevation and intensity of the sun as three independent continuous signals. This eliminates external processing, and eases implementation of the sensor in a system.


The vast array of entities commonly labelled 'regions' actually encompasses a wide range of quite different phenomena. We tend to call the Baltic Sea a region as we do the Near East, Lombardy, North Rhine-Westphalia, the Baranya and the Öresund. We further refer on frequent occasions to administrative regions, economic regions, labour regions and statistical regions. This proliferation of uses begs a central question: Do common parameters and methods exist for analysing these different phenomena? This article tackles the challenge of (re)constructing a definition of region, which is a prerequisite for subsequent empirical research and practical application. Failing to find in extant academic approaches an acceptable transdisciplinary definition of region, the article offers a spatial definition of region and derives from it the core elements of a regional system. Based on these elements a typology of the regional phenomenon (subnational, transnational and international) is developed, which can be useful for policy research, especially the regional dimension within the process of European integration.


In the present paper, the review of the basic results obtained at the Laboratory of Optical Radiation at High Current Electronics Institute SB RAS during 2007–2009 years is presented. Efficient radiation of Ar2, Kr2, Xe2, KrBr*, KrCl*, XeI*, XeBr*, XeCl*, Cl2* molecules and I atoms was obtained in rare gas or in rare gas–Br2 (Cl2, I2) mixtures. Study of radiation parameters and lifetime period of the manufactured barrier discharge excilamps has been performed.


The goal of this work is to detect a human figure image and localize his joints and limbs along with their associated pixel masks. In this work we attempt to tackle this problem in a general setting. The dataset we use is a collection of sports news photographs of baseball players, varying dramatically in pose and clothing. The approach that we take is to use segmentation to guide our recognition algorithm to salient bits of the image. We use this segmentation approach to build limb and torso detectors, the outputs of which are assembled into human figures. We present quantitative results on torso localization, in addition to shortlisted full body configurations.


Beginning from analyzing the influence factors of safety of deep foundation pit excavation,the necessity of introduction of informational monitoring and the relationship between informational monitoring and safety management in deep foundation pit excavation are discussed.Then taking one deep foundation pit excavation in Quanzhou as an example,this paper presents the function of informational monitoring in safety management in site.While this paper indicates that there is still improvement between safety management in deep foundation pit excavation and informational monitoring.


At some point in the early second century CE Suetonius set out to compose biographies of important Roman literary figures. The largest surviving section of this work—known as the De Grammaticis et Rhetoribus—opens with what is generally considered an account of the early beginnings of philology in Rome.


In the present work a new model of a refractive index (RI) sensor is exhibited. This is based on a dual core micro-structured optical fiber (MOF), where two holes are introduced at the core centers. In this way, the model enhances the interaction of the fiber modes propagated in the core region, providing the possibility of increasing the dimensions of the fiber sensor. Thus, the filling of the fiber holes with the fluid under study is facilitated, and generally the practical use of the system as a refractive index sensor is greatly simplified. The sensitivity of the system for various configurations has also been determined. It is found that it can reach record values of the order of 7000 nm/RIU. Finally, the use of the system as a bio-sensor has been examined, giving very promising results regarding both the sensitivity and the ease of the calibration.


This article examines questions of professionally-oriented lexical skills formation of the students studying for-eign language economic terminology. The basic features of economic terminological system and reasons of its generation are described. The basic stages of process of special lexical units study, criteria of educational and methodical materials selection are outlined and analyzed. The groups of exercises providing special vocabulary systematic actualization are found. Relying on such basic concepts as "professionally-oriented foreign language teaching", "professional foreign language competence", "specialist's terminological system", the authors exam-ine possible ways of terminological vocabulary teaching system optimization. The role of interdisciplinary con-nections, students' independent work, computer technologies use as terms of future economic profile specialists' competence formation is underlined.


It has been 10years of researching electric power universal service in China. The electric power universal service, which appeared with the proposition of "the reformation of electric power system"and adjusted with its deepening,shows a strong political and economic background.Considering the content,the existing researches which are relatively small in number and low in quality focus on four aspects,are scientific connotation and behavior subject,cost accounting and compensation mechanism,social welfare and benefit evaluation,and financing model and fund system.In the context of comprehensive deepening reform,the problems of government responsibilities and legislative,service qualities and price,policies classification and standards are becoming the most critical issues,directly affecting the effective implementation of electric power universal service.


Indonesia has 440 regencies/cities which 279 among them are the region that belong to sea/coastal based on fisheries. Most of their potential source is from marine resources both marine biological diversity or not. The aim of this research is a model for regency/city based on fisheries industry know the effect and as far as the effect's some components which interact in the establisment. The research is held on Kabupaten Administrasi Kepulauan Seribu DKI Jakarta Province. The analysis and model development is done by Structural Equation Modelling (SEM). Based on the result of analysis is founded important several components that are reacted and correlated positive significantly in the developing of Kabupaten Administrasi Kepulauan Seribu such as between implementation of central government authority and regional government authority with the job fisheries also the establishment of job fisheries. This condition gives double effect of the goal of fisheries development and the highly society welfare on the Kabupaten Administrasi Kepulauan Seribu oriented by developing regency based on fisheries industry. Through this study, hope the government of Kabupaten Administrasi Kepulauan Seribu could review several development policies as soon as possible to be more oriented in using sea resource based on fisheries industry mainly on the area as conservations is synchronized and harmonized between regional development and regional function. Besides that fishery businessman in their establishment of fishery industry, can formulate the ideal model to develop their business planning with responsibility of implementation the function and care in using.


Product design is a function that aims to the satisfaction of the customer needs. Nowadays, that the environmental issues become more and more important, product design should address not only economical issues but environmental and social as well. The present research focuses on the development of a novel methodology called Ecology Push and proposes a step by step approach utilizing this method. Although, it takes into consideration the economical and environmental aspects of product design, it also stresses the importance of its social aspect. Additionally, a case study is presented, which validates the proposed methodology. At the same time a new role for the product designer becomes apparent. The designer through his work is able to educate his customers and motivate them towards a more sustainable way of life.


......................................................................................................... iv CHAPTER 1 VILLANELLE "TRADITION" AND THE INDIVIDUAL TALENT.............................................................1 2 WORDS FOR TUNES AND TUNES FOR WORDS 14 3 THE VILLANELLA IN ITALY.................................................. 47 4 THE VILLANELLE IN FRANCE.............................................88 5 THE NEAPOLITAN IN ENGLAND.....................................169 6 THE n X IS IN........................................................................... 211 7 THE TWENTIETH CENTURY...............................................261 BIBLIOGRAPHY............................................................................................... 295 VITA.................................................................................................................... 317


The effect of pressure on silicon diffusion in San Carlos olivine has been determined using a uniaxial split-sphere apparatus (USSA-2000) and the nuclear reaction analysis technique (NRA) on the 30Si isotope. Experiments were performed at high temperature, T = 1763 K, and pressures between 4 and 9 GPa. The specimens were inserted into a pure Fe capsule, which is very effective in maintaining the oxygen fugacity within the stability field of olivine, as well as providing a soft medium to mechanically protect the crystals. Diffusion profiles along the b→ crystallographic axis and of characteristic length of the order of 50 nm were obtained after annealing the olivine samples between 1 and 4 hours. We find the activation volume for silicon diffusion in San Carlos olivine to be VSi = +(0.7±2.3) × 10−6 m3/mol after a correction for oxygen fugacity which is pressure-dependent. This result demonstrates that pressure has practically no effect upon silicon diffusion under our temperature and pressure conditions. Extrapolation of our high-pressure measurements to 1 atm gives a Si diffusion coefficient, log(DSi) = −18.9±1.0 (with DSi in m2/s). Finally, our experiments show that according to the point-defect model of Jaoul [1990], the activation volume for creep of olivine at high temperature is dominated by the effect of pressure on the Mg defect concentration and has an activation volume close to 6 × 10−6 m3/mol.


We describe the design of a parallel global atmospheric chemical tracer model. This is part of a larger Earth Systems Model (ESM) for atmospheric dynamics and physics, and ocean physics. The ESM will be used for global warming and ozone depletion studies, among others. The goal is to parallelize the chemistry model to run efficiently on current and future parallel architectures, including the Sequoia archival database. We describe the preliminary design, especially the detailed timing model, and some initial validations. We have found a timing modeling very valuable for designing for a large range of architectures.<<ETX>>


The FoxO3 belongs to the O subclass of the forkhead family. FoxO3 is a tumour suppressor, a master regulator and suppressor of primordial follicle activation. We predicted FoxO3 cDNA sequence of Gallus gallus by in silico cloning, and analyzed its coding protein by bioinformatics methods. Results showed that the FoxO3 cDNA encoded a protein with 486 amino acid residues. The predicted FoxO3 protein with a Forkhead domain was not a secretory protein, and was located in the nucleus. The FoxO3 protein had highly homology with that of other species. This study might provide a basis for future studies on the FoxO3 gene of Gallus gallus and functions of its encoded protein.


It has recently become apparent that the background level of diffuse radio emission on the sky is significantly higher than the level that can result from known extragalactic radio source classes or our Galaxy given our current understanding of its large-scale structure.~ In contrast to the more well-known and well-constrained cosmological and astrophysical backgrounds at microwave, infrared, optical/UV, X-ray, and gamma-ray wavelengths, this ``radio synchrotron background'' at radio wavelengths provides clear motivation for considering the possibilities of new astrophysical sources and new particle-based emission mechanisms.


Sovereign immunity — Foreign States — Enforcement of arbitral award against foreign State — Proceedings for obtaining an exequatur — Whether foreign State entitled to jurisdictional immunity or immunity from execution — Waiver — Whether insertion of arbitration clause in original agreement implies waiver of jurisdictional immunity — Whether confirmation of order of exequatur prevents subsequent reliance on immunity from execution — The law of France


The antioxidant and antimicrobial potential of an ethanolic extract of Rubus coreanus Bokbunja (RcEE) was analyzed. The 70% ethanolic extract is rich in phenolic compound (48.36±0.39 mg gallic acid equivalent/g) and has a wide range of antibacterial activity against gram-negative (Edwardsiella tarda, Vibrio ichthyoenteri, V. furnissii, V. fluvialis, V. anguillarum) and grampositive (Streptococcus iniae, S. parauberis) fish pathogenic bacteria; its highest zone of inhibition (12±0.14 mm) was against E. tarda. The extract had a significant dose dependant increase in antioxidant activity. The 50% cytotoxic effect of the extract was obtained with 63.52 µg/ml RcEE and the effective concentration 50 against virus-infected Epithelioma papulosum cyprini cell lines was 7.34 µg/ml RcEE.


To understand comprehensively and objectively the requirements and expectations of the students on 7-year program of medicine in clinical teaching,practice and examination,the department of internal medicine in our hospital designed a set of questionnaires to know the students' opinions on instructor ability,teaching method and exam model.The feedback information was significant to offer instruction on teaching reform in the future.


The oxidation of malonic acid by the Ce(IV) ions was studied under different conditions in the solution of sulfuric acid [1,2] and perchloric acid [3, 4]. Barkin et al. [5] investigated it again thoroughly in the presence of oxygen the influence of which had escaped the attention of preceding authors. The influence of oxygen on the oxidation of malonic acid and other substrates by the Ce(IV) ions in connection with the Belousov—Zhabotinskii reaction was recently described by us [6]. The


Implementation of Law No 28 of 2009 on local tax and local retribution impose the management of PBB-P2 would be administered by the local government after December 31, 2013. However, in fact the decentralized management of PBB-P2 by the local government in the early stages does not demonstrate instant effectiveness and it can potentially create new problems. As tariff raise of PBB-P2 becoming uncontrollable, exacerbated by the quality of services, bad infrastructures and management of human resources, hence the exiting management of PBB-P2 in some areas does not reflect the effectiveness of economic and fiscal decentralization theory yet. The PBB-P2 tax revenue in 2014 is 60 % out of the total tax revenues of Batu City, although the revenue performance of the first year is still not able to achieve the target. As for the effectiveness of the PBB-P2 Implementation by local government based on the acceptability indicator remains manual, one-way direction, top down mechanism, while according to the adjustability of indicator is not fully reached in terms of the capacity of organization, human resources, facilities and infrastructures. The same as achievement indicator remains does not meet the setting target, Finally based on the Quality of indicator does not show the model of quality assurance yet by the local government


Wind tunnel tests were performed to measure the aerodynamic performance effects of de- and anti-icing fluids that had been contaminated by varying quantities of freezing precipitation. The experiments were carried out in the National Research Council's 3 m x 6 m open circuit wind tunnel over three winter seasons. The airfoil tested was a full-scale NASA LS(1)-0417 section with a Fowler flap deployed at 15 degrees. A spray bar located in the wind tunnel settling chamber produced artificial snow. Takeoff was simulated by accelerating the test section wind speed and aerodynamic data were obtained by pitching the airfoil to the stall. The experiments consistently showed that the lift loss associated with the snowfall contamination of de- and antiicing fluids on the airfoil accelerates rapidly once the fluids can no longer absorb the snow crystals falling on them. This accelerated lift loss coincides with the visual failure of the fluid, that is, with the formation of a layer of snow on the fluid. The contamination periods that were required to reach the visual and aerodynamic failure of the fluid were generally consistent with SAE standard holdover times corresponding to the test conditions.


The properties of equilibrium turbulent boundary layers have been examined using Thompson's family of velocity profiles along with alternative π – G relationships. The relationship which is in best agreement with measurements of equilibrium layers confirms an earlier suggestion that ( ν T /Uδ*) max is not a universal constant for such layers but decreases for small and negative values of π . A close relationship is established between eddy viscosity and entrainment, and it is shown that v e δ/ ν T is effectively constant for π > 2.


Most recombinant proteins generated in filamentous fungi are produced in fed‐batch cultures, in which specific growth rate normally decreases progressively with time. Because of this, such cultures are more suited to the production of products that are produced efficiently at low‐growth rates (e.g., penicillin) than to products which are produced more efficiently at high‐growth rates (e.g., glucoamylase). Fusarium venenatum A3/5 has been transformed (JeRS 325) to produce Aspergillus niger glucoamylase (GAM) under the control of the Fusarium oxysporum trypsin‐like protease promoter. No glucoamylase was detected in the culture supernatant during exponential growth of F. venenatum JeRS 325 in batch culture. In glucose‐limited chemostat cultures, GAM concentration increased with decrease in dilution rate, but the specific production rate of GAM (g GAM [g biomass]−1 h−1) remained approximately constant over the dilution‐rate range 0.05 h to 0.19 h−1, i.e., the recombinant protein was produced in a growth‐rate‐independent manner. The specific production rate decreased at dilution rates of 0.04 h−1 and below. Specific production rates of 5.8 mg and 4.0 mg GAM [g biomass]−1 h−1 were observed in glucose‐limited chemostat cultures in the presence and absence of 1 g mycological peptone L−1. Compared to production in batch culture, and for the same final volume of medium, there was no increase in glucoamylase production when cultures were grown in fed‐batch culture. The results suggested that a chemostat operated at a slow dilution rate would be the most productive culture system for enzyme production under this trypsin‐like promoter. © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Biotechnol Bioeng 68: 245–251, 2000.


Following prior literature on transactive memory and enterprise social media (also known as enterprise 2.0), the aim of the proposed study is to test transactive memory (TM), one of the explanatory mechanisms that has been used in addressing how ESM mitigate the challenge of knowledge management, in the context of an ESM system deployed within Global Deskcorp, a multinational office furniture manufacturer.


Abstract A wide variety of structurally related Schiff base and acid amide compounds and low-molecular-weight polymers were synthesized. The comparative thermal stabilities of the products in air were investigated by thermogravimetric analysis. Several of the Schiff bases prepared from aromatic diamine compounds and terephthalaldehyde exhibit unusually good resistance to decomposition by heat. The influence of chemical structure on thermal stability is shown, and the important factors that may serve as a guide for the tailor-making of high-molecular-weight polymers with superior heat resistance are discussed.


I am often asked what the Socialist Party of Working People (SPWP) wants for Russia, how does it differ from other parties to the left and to the right? I usually answer: The SPWP wants to return our country to the path of genuinely socialist development, combining the values of socialism and democracy.


Recently, Vecna BEAR type robot to save injured individuals from inaccessible areas has been developed to minimize the loss of life. Because this robot is driven on rough terrain, there is a risk of rollover and vibration, which could impact the injured. In order to guarantee its stability, an algorithm is required that can estimate the speed limits for various environments in real time. Therefore, a dynamic model for real-time analysis is needed for this algorithm. Because the tracks used as the driving component of Vecna BEAR type robot consist of many parts, it is impossible to analyze the multibody tracks in real time. Thus, a lumped track model that satisfies the requirements of a short computation time and adequate accuracy is required. This study performed lumped track modeling, and the traction force was verified using RecurDyn, which is a dynamic commercial program.


This area was categorized as within a potential landslide hazard by the 1990 King County Sensitive Area Ordinance and has been incorporated into a city. http://www5.kingcounty.gov/sdc/NoLayer.aspx?layer=ANNEXED_LANDSLIDE_SAO1990_area


Summer learning at TSBVI focuses on skills related to the Expanded Core Curriculum for Blind and Visually Impaired Students (ECC): compensatory academic skills, orientation and mobility, career education, assistive technology, visual efficiency skills, independent living, recreation and leisure, social interaction, and self determination skills. Functional applications of these skill areas include activities such as practicing academic skills like math (making a budget) and literacy (writing a thank you letter), recreational and domestic activities (community outings including travel skills, physical activities, meal planning, cooking, grocery shopping); communication (using appropriate language in various contexts, giving and following directions); planning, organizing, sequencing (planning and giving a party). Specific activities provided for individual students are described below.


Reports such as the 1991 ACM/IEEE-CS Joint Curriculum Task Force set benchmarks for award accreditation and provide the foundations of computer science curriculum worldwide. The report identifies recognizes the 'need for diversity and well-intentioned experimentation in computing curricula'. Computer Science is a relatively new discipline and given the rapid advances in technology is subject to on going debate, development and fragmentation. It is typically the requirement of many disciplines, such as Multi-media, Software Engineering, E-commerce etc to incorporate computer technology as part of their curriculum. However, a detailed market analysis within Australia clearly indicated that both students and employers perceive the standard computer technology curriculum as increasingly irrelevant.


Formal interfaith associations are an emerging frontline of conflict early warning and early response systems. While early warning systems and peace negotiators at the national level may be successful in addressing structural issues and war, the article points to a need to build more localized or "organic" intrafaith and interfaith mechanisms that can be mobilized to prevent violence at the source. Faith-based early warning systems can be a valuable tool for identifying early signs of violence and for controlling in-group members in order to quell religious and ethnic violence in deeply divided societies. The examples of cases from Sri Lanka and Nigeria demonstrate the usefulness of sustaining local or community-based early warning and early response mechanisms, and the merits of building on new or existing community associations, particularly faith-based associations for early warning and early response. The study is based on the author's own experience directing a community-based conflict early warning system in Sri Lanka from 2002 to 2006 and designing a similar system for Nigeria in 2013.


The development of smart homes has advanced the concept of user authentication to not only protecting user privacy but also facilitating personalized services to users. Along this direction, we propose to integrate user authentication with human-computer interactions between users and smart household appliances through widely-deployed WiFi infrastructures, which is non-intrusive and device-free. In this paper, we propose FingerPass which leverages channel state information (CSI) of surrounding WiFi signals to continuously authenticate users through finger gestures in smart homes. We investigate CSI of WiFi signals in depth and find CSI phase can be used to capture and distinguish the unique behavioral characteristics from different users. FingerPass separates the user authentication process into two stages, login and interaction, to achieve high authentication accuracy and low response latency simultaneously. In the login stage, we develop a deep learning-based approach to extract behavioral characteristics of finger gestures for highly accurate user identification. For the interaction stage, to provide continuous authentication in real time for satisfactory user experience, we design a verification mechanism with lightweight classifiers to continuously authenticate the user's identity during each interaction of finger gestures. Experiments in real environments show that FingerPass can achieve 91.4% authentication accuracy, and 186.6ms response time during interactions.


In clinical management of carbon monoxide (CO) poisoning, serum cardiac enzyme biomarkers and electrocardiogram (ECG) are both highly recommended emergency check-ups to evaluate myocardial injuries. Medical imaging – including head CT or MRI – are not routine for CO poisoning emergency management. We herein report on a comatose patient who was diagnosed with cerebral infarction secondary to 24 hours previous acute CO poisoning, warned by a typical cerebral-type T waves on ECG in advance, and confirmed by a head MRI. Fortunately, the patient made a full recovery based on a timely treatment with medications and hyperbaric oxygen (HBO2) therapy. We would like to propose that a vital, stable, conscious CO poisoning patient who remains a higher risk for hemorrhagic or ischemic stroke should be closely monitored for potential neurological abnormalities, and a continuous ECG monitoring should be reinforced throughout the treatment. A head MRI or CT is a priority in evaluating the secondary cerebral stroke and should be arranged immediately in the event of an abnormal ECG or if unusual new symptoms are apparent.


We tested the effect of local lexical ambiguities while manipulating the type of prosodic boundary at which the ambiguity occurred, using French sentences and participants. We observed delayed lexical access when a local lexical ambiguity occurred within a phonological phrase (consistent with previous research; e.g., ![un chat grincheux]," containing the potential competitor word !chagrin," was processed more slowly than ![un chat drogué]" that contains no potential competitor). In contrast, when the lexical competitor straddled a phonological phrase boundary, there was no delay in lexical recognition (e.g., ![son grand chat] [grimpait. . .]," potential competitor !chagrin," was not delayed relative to the non-ambiguous control). These results were observed with two different on-line tasks, word-monitoring and phonememonitoring. They suggest that lexical access occurs within the domain of phonological phrases. We discuss the implications of these results for models of lexical access. ! 2004 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.


OBJECTIVES
Data on next-day discharge (NDD) after transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) are limited. This study investigated the feasibility and safety of NDD as a first-line option (the very-early discharge [VED] strategy) compared with the early-discharge (ED) strategy (2-3 days as a first-line option) after TAVR.

METHODS
We reviewed 611 consecutive patients who had minimalist TAVR (transfemoral approach under conscious sedation) and no in-hospital mortality; a total of 418 patients underwent ED strategy (since December 2013) and 193 patients underwent VED strategy (as part of a hospital initiative to reduce length of stay, since August 2016). NDD in the VED strategy was performed with heart team consensus in patients without significant complications. The primary outcome was a composite of 30-day all-cause mortality/rehospitalization.

RESULTS
Sixty-five patients (33.7%) in the VED strategy and 10 patients (2.4%) in the ED strategy were discharged the next day (P<.001). NDD patients had received balloon-expandable (n = 30) or self-expanding valves (n = 45) and showed a similar primary outcome rate compared with non-NDD patients. After adjustment using propensity score matching (172 pairs), post-TAVR length of stay was significantly shorter in the VED group (3.2 ± 3.1 days) than in the ED group (3.5 ± 2.7 days; P<.01). The primary outcome did not differ between the two groups (7.0% vs 11.6%; P=.14), with comparable 30-day mortality rate (1.2% vs 2.3%; P=.68) and rehospitalization rate (5.8% vs 11.1%; P=.08).

CONCLUSIONS
Utilization of NDD as a first-line option after minimalist TAVR is feasible and safe, and leads to further reduction in length of stay compared with an ED strategy.


THE AUTHOR OUTLINES THE PROBLEMS ARISING FROM THE SUPPLY OF PUBLIC TRANSPORT SERVICES IN LOW-DEMAND ZONES AND THE TRENDS IN RESEARCH IN THIS PARTICULAR AREA. A STUDY IS CONDUCTED OF THE PERFORMANCE OF SERVICE SYSTEMS THROUGHOUT THE WORLD (COST AND LEVEL OF SERVICE) AND OF THE MAIN EXPERIMENTS LAUNCHED IN FRANCE AND IN OTHER COUNTRIES. BASIC PROBLEMS AS REGARDS THE LEVEL OF SERVICE OF PUBLIC TRANSPORT IN THESE TYPES OF AREA ARE EXAMINED.


This paper introduces effect of ultraviolet radiation on the property of bamboo and wood,the mechanism of UV-induced aging and anti-UV aging of bamboo and wood,and some reagents for anti-UV aging of bamboo and wood.This review provides a usefu1 reference for future research on exploiting new reagents for anti-UV aging.The chemical composition,mechanical performance,color and roughness of bamboo and wood may change when it is uncovered in ultraviolet radiation.So far,the main medicament to anti-UV aging is something that can absorb or reflect ultraviolet radiation.


Reactive oxygen species (ROS) play a key role in oxidative stress processes at the biological level. In most cases the presence of these chemical species is undesirable due to the impact they have on tissues and cellular structures, however, their effects can be used to control the incidence of microorganisms responsible for deterioration processes in fruits and vegetables. In the present study the feasibility of combining low temperature storage with the presence of reactive oxygen species generated using Oxyion® technology to control the deterioration process in strawberry (Fragaria X ananassa) was studied. The treatments used were as follows: control storage (4°C ± 2°C without Oxyion®) and ROS storage (4°C ± 2°C with Oxyion®), for two product categories according to weight and maturation state according to NTC 4103 (ICONTEC, 1997). The variables were monitored with measuring points at 1, 3, 5, 7, 10 and 15 days after harvest in percentage of loss of mass, soluble solids, respiratory intensity, acidity, resistance, color and ethylene and significant interactions among variables. At the conclusion of the study, Oxyion® technology was found to have statistically significant differences compared to control, and have allowed to less weight loss, higher resistance and lower exogenous ethylene production, extending the life of strawberry cv. Monterrey in a 40% during storage, additionally the losses by action of microorganisms present in strawberries surface were reduced considerably, generating a positive precedent in the processes of storage and conservation of fruits for Colombia.


Summary

The elements of the provisional description of the Alcohol Dependence Syndrome were operationalised into a structured interview given to 109 men attending an alcoholism treatment unit. A single underlying dimension could not be demonstrated. The main dimension comprised Subjective Need, Withdrawal, and aspects of Salience. Narrowing of Repertoire and Impaired Control formed separate dimensions.


Making this decryption encryption applications using Java 2 Standard Edition 1.5 by calling the function of encryption, decryption, and key generators it is already available on Javax.Crypto package. This application is very simple, consisting of two scripts. Broadly speaking the function of the script contains a function to display the encryption and decryption function calls. At the stage of making the security constraints of data or information stored on them. By utilizing data encryption, or commonly called the encryption so that data can not be opened by unauthorized parties or interested parties. Please note was how big the size of this program later on, by not declaring too many data types that are not necessary because the smaller the program will require the memory resources a little and not too imposing computer system.


Baculoviruses are natural pathogens of insects which have been used as biopesticides. In contrast to many chemical agents, baculoviruses affect only a limited number of insects and so can be used to target particular insect species. Unfortunately, unless the host receives a very high virus dose, the insect continues to feed and causes damage to crops, because the virus takes several days to kill it. This lag is unacceptable in the protection of many crops, especially where cosmetic damage seriously reduces the value of a crop (e.g. fruit). Strategies have been devised recently to circumvent this problem. The baculovirus genome has been modified, using genetic engineering techniques, to incorporate foreign genes encoding insect-specific toxins, or hormones or enzymes (.)


Field investigations were conducted during 2014–15, 2015–16 and 2016–17 to evaluate the impact of number of sprays of insecticides on management of shoot gall psylla Apsylla cistellata Buckton in mango cv. Dashehari. Two sprays of thiamethoxam+ profenophos during second fortnight of August to first week of September resulted in maximum yield, gross and net returns, and gave tremendous impact with reduction of incidence of shoot gall psylla and drying of branches. Neverthless, one spray of thiamethoxam + profenophos exhibited maximum C: B ratio i.e. 3.33 during 2015–16 and 2.44 during 2016–17 which was superior over all other treatments including two sprays, and with less expenditure. Thus either one or two sprays of thiamethoxam+ profenophos gave almost similar result in terms of yield, gross and net returns and reduction in incidence. Therefore, single spray helped the farmers in effective, economical and ecofriendly management of shoot gall psylla in mango. These results also reveal that the three sprays of monocrotophos, quinalphos and dimethoate recommended earlier neither provide satisfactory results nor cheaper, as compared to one or two sprays of thiamethoxam + profenophos.


The variational formulation of the nonlinear wavemaker problem, previously applied (Miles 1988) to cross-waves in a short tank, is extended to allow for slow spatial, as well as slow temporal, variation of cross-waves in a long tank. The resulting evolution equations for the envelope of the cross-waves are equivalent to those derived by Jones (1984) and may be combined to obtain a cubic Schrödinger equation in a semi-infinite domain. The corresponding criterion for the stability of plane waves (i.e. for the temporal decay of cross-waves) agrees with Jones but differs from Mahony (1972). Weak damping is incorporated, and those stationary envelopes that are evanescent at large distances from the wavemaker are determined through analytical approximations and numerical integration and compared with the experimental observations of Barnard & Pritchard (1972) and the numerical calculations of Lichter & Chen (1987). These comparisons suggest that stationary envelopes with either no or one maximum are stable for sufficiently small amplitudes (solutions with multiple maxima may be stable but more difficult to attain) and evolve into limit cycles for somewhat larger amplitudes, but the analytical question of stability remains open.


Currently, Active learning is receiving attention as a method of teaching. In active learning, solve learning problems, there are such research learning, the group discussion is one of the effective learning method. Usually we evaluated by questioning after the lecture. But that's scarce in objectivity. So we propose objective evaluation method using biological-information (GSR, body temperature, Heartbeat, etc. So we measure the student's biological-information during active learning in this study, to analyze, to perform the development of a system to objectively analyze the degree of concentration. The instrument body temperature, skin electrical resistance, to measure the pulse wave at the same time. Aiming to support the efficient active learning by using this result. © 2016 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. Peer-review under responsibility of KES International.


In a recent article Dolger 1 stated: "Severe constitutional or generalized allergic manifestations represent a true allergy to the insulin protein itself. This need not be a deterrent to the use of insulin when necessary, since denaturing by heat can yield a physiologically potent insulin without sensitizing properties." He treated four such patients and reported uniform success. Our experience did not corroborate this. REPORT OF CASE Mrs. E. G., a 59-year-old childless American homemaker, learned, in 1947, that she had diabetes mellitus. Shortly after she began to use insulin, a very distressing, persistent, and intensely pruriginous flat and lumpy generalized urticaria developed. Since very strict dietary regimen did not control her diabetes mellitus, an extensive trial of the various types and makes of insulin was made. Each one, however, caused a recurrence of the urticaria, and each subsequent episode lasted a longer period. Two attempts were made to


SUMMARY Lichen planus is a self-limited subacute or chronic inflammatory dermatosis of unknown etiology that affects the skin, mucosa, and skin appendages (hair and nails). It is a relatively common condition in adults, but extremely rare in children, with a prevalence in the general population of less than 1%. The childhood form is similar to the adult form, but the affect on the mucosa is exceptional. Genetic, immunological, pharmaceutical factors and infection can all influence the course of the disease. We report the case of a child with disseminated cutaneous lichen planus lesions. Treatment was triamcinolone topical at 0.05%, along with chlorpheniramine and dexamethasone, whereupon the lesions disappeared in 3 weeks.


Using Suzuki–Trotter decompositions of exponential operators we describe new algorithms for the numerical integration of the equations of motion for classical spin systems. These techniques conserve spin length exactly and, in special cases, also conserve the energy and maintain time reversibility. We investigate integration schemes of up to eighth order and show that these new algorithms can be used with much larger time steps than a well established predictor–corrector method. These methods may lead to a substantial speedup of spin dynamics simulations, however, the choice of which order method to use is not always straightforward.


Several student leaders commend efforts · · being made at Wake Forest to promote alcohol education and responsible, healthful social · habits which are sensitive to the rights and safety of both those who drink and those who do not. After prolonged hesitation, Wake Forest and its administration are finally realizing the realities of student drinking .and becoming actively· involv~d in the issue, Stephanie . Houser, president of College Union and member of the Alcohol Task Force, said. The fact that all of the task force's activities are volunteer efforts says a Jot about the level of concern' of studentS and th.e administration, Kim Waller, president of the Inter-Society Council. and member of the task force, said. Representatives from the Inter-Fraternity and · Inter-society councils, College Union, residence life and other campus groups participate on the Alcohol Task Force which is co-chaired by chaplain Ed Christman and director of College Union Mike Ford. In November, five members of the Board of Trustees met with members of the task force to discuss the proposal for a full time task force positiqn, Waller said. A person in this position would not only head the task force but also would oversee arid coordinate any alcoh.ol. related functions, programs or policies. These members of the Board of Trustees were interested, Waller said, The task force asked them to talk it over and put it through their· coriunittee .. Ford strongly. favors the creation of such a position. "I think it's an essential staff service needed for improving the quality of student life." Such an addition would ~nable the Alcohol Task Force to expand the programs which now exist in their formulative stages and to develop a comprehensive alcohol abuse program. A lack of sufficient staff people prevented the task force from coritinuihg to take its presentation to students in the dorms and fraternity lounges. · Last year tile task force presented Amelia Little's slide show to over 1000 students. In the contex.t of their familiar settings, students feel more comfortable and able to communicate their feelings, problems and concerns about alcohol, Ford said. · The slide show was very effective, Ford and Russell Mansfield, president of IFC and member of the task force, said. These presen~tions initiated good group discussion," Ford said, ana evaluations showed that students were "very well pleased with the


We model the source of inflation of Long Valley caldera by combining geodetic and micro-gravity data. Uplift from GPS and leveling, two-color EDM measurements, and residual gravity change determinations are used to estimate the intrusion geometry, assuming a vertical prolate ellipsoidal source. The U.S. Geological Survey occupied the Long Valley gravity network six times from 1980 to 1985. We reoccupied this network twice, in the summer of 1998 (33 stations), and the summer of 1999 (37 stations). Before gravity data can be used to estimate the density of the intrusion, they must be corrected for the effect of vertical deformation (the free-air effect) and changes in the water table. We use geostatistical techniques to interpolate uplift and water table changes at the gravity stations. The inflation source (a vertical prolate ellipsoid) is located 5.9 km beneath the resurgent dome with an aspect ratio equal to 0.475, a volume change from 1982 to 1999 of 0.136 km3 and a density of around 1700 kg/m3. A bootstrap method was employed to estimate 95% confidence bounds for the parameters of the inflation model. We obtained a range of 0.105^0.187 km3 for the volume change, and 1180^2330 kg/m3 for the density. Our results do not support hydrothermal fluid intrusion as the primary cause of unrest, and confirm the intrusion of silicic magma beneath Long Valley caldera. Failure to account for the ellipsoidal nature of the source biases the estimated source depth by 2.9 km (a 33% increase), the volume change by 0.019 km3 (a 14% increase) and the density by about 1200 kg/m3 (a 40% increase). < 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.


Purpose To examine expression of latent membrane protein-1(LMP-1),nuclear factor κ gene binding (NF-κB)in nasal NK/T cell lymphoma,and to explore their relationships to apoptosis.Methods Twenty six cases of nasal NK/T cell lymphoma(test group)and 30 cases of benign lymph follicle hyperplasia(control group)were collected in this study.Expression of LMP-1 and NF-κB were examined with immunohistochemieal technique in the tissue specimens dissected from the lymphoma or hyperplasia and apoptotic idex was examined by TdT-mediated dDUTP-F1TC nick end-labelling (TUNEL)method in all the cases.Results In the test group the positive rates of LMP-1 and NF-κB were 69.2%(18/26) and 65.4%(17/26),and AI,2.31±0.38;In the control group,the positive fasts of LMP-I,NF-κB and AI were 10%(3/ 30),30%(9/30),3.12±0.45 respectively.The expression intensity of LMP-1 was correlated positively to that of NF-κB(P = 0.001,r = 0.686)but to apoptotic index negatively(P = 0.0001).Conclusion The infection of EB virus has a close relation with the occurrence and development of nasal NK/T cell lymphoma.(Chin J Ophthalmol and Otorhinolaryngol,2007, 7:31-32)


Objective To explore the safety,feasibility,oncological outcomes and anal function of intersphincteric resection (ISR) in the sphincter-saving operation for ultra-low rectal cancer.Methods The clinical data of 42 selected patients with ultra-low rectal cancer performed intersphincteric resection between 2000 and 2004 in Union Hospital of Huazhong University of Science and Technology was analyzed.Results Abdominal operation was performed according to the TME principles.The rectum and inuernal anal sphincter were transected through intersphincteric plane at the level 2 cm below the lower edge of tumor via anus under direct vision.The further intersphincteric mobilization was made proximally above the level of external anal sphincter,then coloanal anastomosis was performed after removal of specimen.All cases were followed up to obtain the data of tumor recurrence and anal function prospectively.Thirty-seven patients were performed operation successfully.Perioperative complications occurred in 5 cases,including acute pulmonary embolization (n=1),pelvic muscular bleeding (n=1) and anastomotic leakage (n=3).Thirty-six patients were followed up and the median follow-up duration was 40 (rang,24-60) months. Anastomotic recurrence occurred in 3 patients (8.33%) and one of them died.One died of synchronous lung and peritoneal metastasis in 24 months.Two died of liver metastasis in 16,24 months postoperatively.One died of abdominal and inguinal lymph node metastasis in 16 months postoperatively.A satisfactory sphincter function was obtained in most cases in 6 months postoperatively.Conclusion Intersphincteric resection is an alternative sphincter-saving operation for most patients with ultra-low rectal cancer.


If we are to change the way these services are regulated, we first must know what the trade-offs are. Consumers need to know what they are giving up if they exchange the certainty of their regulated, monopoly provider for the harsh world of the competitive marketplace. Make no mistake, there is a vast difference in cultures between a monopoly, regulated utility run with the ratepayer uppermost in mind, and the unregulated counterpart whose primary concern is the bottom line in the annual report to shareholders.


With the development and maturity of electrical power system, the reliability and openness of smart grid iot system have been gradually solved and the application of iot in electrical power system has become a reality. By analyzing the influence of the introduction of electrical power system heterogeneous network on the real-time performance of the power system and studying the topological structure of electrical power system heterogeneous network, the network delay under the electrical power system heterogeneous network structure can be reduced, which has important guiding significance for the application of heterogeneous network in actual electrical power system. To this end, this paper not only presents a hierarchical integrated power system internet of things heterogeneous network architecture, but also proposes a protocol conversion method and combined with electrical power system heterogeneous network real-time analysis, from two aspects of network protocol and the driving mode of the node to electrical power system heterogeneous network wireless network nodes, the backbone network of wired/wireless heterogeneous network gateway and puts forward a method to improve real-time middleware OPC agreement.


PURPOSE: An apparatus and a method for providing Internet phone connection information, particularly for exchanging Internet phone connection information through data communication, are provided to allow users to conveniently use an Internet phone by providing Internet phone connection information between a caller and a callee only by PSTN call communication. CONSTITUTION: An Internet phone connection information searching unit(320) checks whether there is Internet phone connection information mapped to a PSTN phone number transmitted from a PSTN/Internet combination phone. If there exists the Internet phone connection information, an Internet phone connection requesting unit(310) requests Internet phone connection from a service provider server which has issued the Internet phone connection information. If there is no Internet phone connection information, a PSTN phone connection requesting unit(330) requests a PSTN phone connection from a provider server which has issued the PSTN phone number. An Internet phone connection information transmitting/receiving unit(340) transmits Internet phone connection information of an origination side combination phone to a destination side terminal connected in response to the request for the PSTN phone connection, receives Internet phone connection information of the destination terminal from the destination terminal and stores it. A database(350) stores a plurality of PSTN phone numbers and Internet phone information mapped to the plurality of PSTN phone numbers.


Synonyms are always the focus of lexical research and have been studied extensively and intensively in Chinese lexicographi-cal field.However,the issue deserves further study in Chinese teaching as a foreign language.This paper discusses the standard of syno-nyms,entry scope and differentiation method in the field of Chinese as a Foreign Language,and points out the problems in teaching of synonyms.


Abstract Most cancers, including glioblastomas (GBMs), rely extensively on glycolysis to support growth, proliferation, and survival. A hallmark of this elevated glycolysis is overexpression of Lactate dehydrogenase-A (LDHA) protein leading to increased uptake of glucose and overproduction of lactate. Various clinical trials using LDHA as a target for diagnosis and treatment have yielded encouraging results. However, in vivo monitoring of LDHA expression has been challenging due to either requirement of administration of radioactive substrates or specialized hardware. In this presentation, we will demonstrate a new method-quantitative exchanged-label turnover MRS (QELT, or simply qMRS)-that increases the sensitivity of magnetic resonance-based metabolic mapping without the requirement for specialized hardware. qMRS relies on the administration of deuterated (2H-labeled) substrates to track the production of downstream metabolites. Since 2H is invisible on 1H MRS, replacement of 1H with 2H due to metabolic turnover leads to an overall reduction in 1H MRS signal for the corresponding metabolites. We applied our qMRS technique to monitor the rate of lactate production in a preclinical GBM model. Infusion of [6,6'-2H2]glucose led to downstream deuterium labeling of lactate, thereby resulting in a reduction in the 1.33 ppm lactate-CH3 peak on 1H MRS over time. The subtraction of post-administration 1H MR spectra from the pre-infusion spectra aided in the determination of the kinetics of the lactate turnover. We believe that the detection and quantification of lactate production kinetics may provide crucial information regarding tumor LDHA expression non-invasively in GBMs without requiring biopsies. Hence, qMRS is expected to open up new opportunities to probe LDHA expression differences in a variety of gliomas, including GBMs and astrocytomas. This method takes advantage of the universal availability and ease of implementation of 1H MRS on all clinical and preclinical magnetic resonance scanners.


Hypoxemia is defined as a decrease in the partial pressure of oxygen in the blood.There are various mechanisms of hypoxemia: Ventilation-Perfusion (V/Q)mismatch and shunt are the most common causes of arterial hypoxia in newborns. Neonatologists often treat hypoxic infants in their clinical practice. A simple and rapid tool to evaluate the contribution of shuntand V/Q mismatch in oxygen dependent infants would be useful. We non-invasively studied six preterm infants with bronchopulmonary dysplasia, a condition in which V/Q mismatch and shunt may coexist. Our setup consisted of a high precision oximeter and a computerized algorithm to eliminate inaccurate oxygen saturation data. The relationship between fraction of inspired oxygen (FiO2) andarterial oxygen saturation(SpO2) was assessed using a previously described methodology.Most infants had V/Q mismatch, while one had prevalent shunt.


The school physical education in new era has challenged to traditional concepts of physical education, improving quality of physical education and cultivating ability in effect for students to carry out physical exercise will be important aspects in targets of school physical education; the effect of physical exercising after school in students mainly rest on effective measures; adopting measures of consulting in directing of physical exercising for students will improve greatly the effect of physical exercising for students, and is also considerable method of accelerating the fostering of consciousness of "life sports"in students


Preeclampsia is one of the most leading causes of maternal mortality in developing countries. Many studies have demonstrated the relation between alteration of iron status and preeclampsia. The aim of the study was to assess the status of iron in preeclampsia. This case control study was conducted in the Department of Biochemistry, Dhaka Medical College, Dhaka from July 2010 to June 2011. A total number of 100 pregnant women in the third trimester of pregnancy attending the Obstetrics & Gynaecology Department of Dhaka Medical College Hospital were selected purposively as study subjects. Among them 50 diagnosed cases of preeclampsia were selected as cases and 50 normal healthy pregnant women as controls. Serum ferritin and serum iron concentration were measured in all study subjects. The mean serum ferritin concentration in cases and controls were 95.06±50.07 μg/l and 45.56±27.44 μg/l respectively. Mean serum iron concentration in cases was 121.78±41.93 μg/dl and that in controls was 61.04±24.18 μg/dl. The present study showed significant differences of mean serum ferritin and serum iron between cases and controls. The study revealed presence of significantly higher level of serum ferritin and serum iron in preeclamptic group. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjmb.v5i2.13345 Bangladesh J Med Biochem 2012; 5(2): 53-55


Objective To investigate the effect of LY294002 for the proliferation of U251 cell line as a specific inhibitor of phosphoinositide 3-kinase /protein kinase B ( PI3K /PKB). Methods The phosphorylated protein B ( P-PKB) expression of U251 cell interfered with LY294002 were detected by immunocytochemistry. The inhibition ratio of U251 cell proliferation interfered with LY294002( 5,10,20,40 μmol·L -1 ) were detected by methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium after intervention 24,48,72 hours. Results The growth of U251 cell was inhibited by LY294002 in dose-dependent and time-dependent way. Compared to the control group,the P-PKB expression in groups interfered with different dose LY294002 decreased( P 0. 05). With the increase of the dose of the LY294002,the inhibition ratio of U251 cell proliferation increased,and there was significant difference( P 0. 01). Conclusion LY294002 can inhibit the growth of U251 cell of human brain glioma. The inhibition of LY294002 for the expression of P-PKB may play an important role in the suppression of cell proliferation.


Africa's population is growing rapidly and African youth currently has limited income opportunities other than self-employment. Globally there are more than 1 billion young people between the ages of 15 and 24 defined as youth by the United Nations. According to the International Labour Organization, an estimation of 85% of young people live in developing economies such as African economy, and anticipate that for the next 10 years close to 100 million young people will enter the global workforce every year. The purpose of this paper is to identify the factors driving youth entrepreneurship as well as challenges limiting urban youth entrepreneurs' ability to contribute meaningfully to economic growth and reducing unemployment across sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) using a quantitative research approach. 533 questionnaires were purposive administered and 431 were completed, a response rate of 82.6% was achieved. Mozambique and Namibia were excluded due to language proficiency. Swaziland response rate was very poor and thus was discarded and regarded as spoilt questionnaires. The findings indicate that youth do not start business out of necessity and that role models play a major role in influencing youth to start business in sub-Saharan region.


This paper advocates the process for vacuum ,reduction, volatization, concentration and recovery of Germanium from low-grade Germanium concentrate, and explores the five factors affecting the Germanium volatilization rate through testings: the roast temperature, the dosage of Sodium Hypophosphite, vacuity, volatilization time, and the thickness of the material layer. Optimum process conditions have been identified for volatilization and concentration of reduction of Germanium from low-grade Germanium: the roast temperature, 1000°C; the dosage of sodium hypophosphite, 7.5%; the vacuity, 500 Pa; the flow rate of carrier gas, 200L/h; the volatilization time, 90 min; and the thickness of the material layer, 30 mm. Given such conditions, the volatilization rate can reach 94.76 %~98.35%; the germanium content in volatile products, 12.68%~46.71%; and the concentration ratio, 27~36 times. Compared with the wet-process hydrochloric acid leaching of manganese dioxide by oxidation distillation, the process features higher germanium recovery rate, lower production costs, and less equipment investment. Exempt from discharge and disposal of waste water, gas and residue slag in large quantities, the process can be applied to completely solve the environmental problems caused by the wet process.


Transportation service level measurements have been commonly used and accepted for highway systems, but similar service measures for ferry systems are less common, especially from the users' point of view. An approach to measuring ferry route level of service is described that allows comparisons among ferry routes and between ferries and alternate modes such as highways (i.e., drive-around choices) and transit. The recommended approach focuses on excess user waiting times (excess delay) by mode (automobile, registered carpool or vanpool, bus, truck, and walk-on passenger), combined with calibrated relationships between volume-to-capacity (V/C) ratio and user delays for forecasting purposes. Data on waiting times for vehicles in the queues were collected on all ferry routes serviced by Washington State Ferries, and an extensive statistical analysis was performed to compute the relationships between V/C ratios and excess waiting times. Excess delay was defined as the waiting time for missed vessel sailings due to overloads, if any, after a ferry patron has arrived at the dock. User delays were expressed in two forms: absolute number of minutes of waiting time, and the number of boat sailings missed before boarding a ferry. The "boat wait" concept was introduced to differentiate between excess delays caused by congestion that prevents a driver from boarding the next ferry, and delays related to the amount of service provided on a route as reflected in the headways between vessels.


Recommended Citation: Żołnierczyk-Zreda, Dorota (2015). "National Report Poland" It is the full report of the respective chapter in: Hasselhorn HM, Apt W (2015). Understanding employment participation of older workers: Creating a knowledge base for future labour market challenges. Research Report. Federal Ministry of Labour and Social Affairs (BMAS) and Federal Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (BAuA). BMAS/ BAuA, Berlin, 120 pages. Online available at: http://www.jp-demographic.eu/about/fast-trackprojects/understanding-employment


The interaction of uracil, thymine, cytosine, adenine, and guanine with zinc ion was studied at the density functional B3LYP/6-311+G(2df,2p) level. Different binding sites allowing both mono-metal and bi-metal coordination were considered for the different low-lying tautomers of nucleic acid bases. Zinc ion forms stable compounds with all nucleobases. Except for cytosine, mono-coordination appears to be less favored than bi-coordination in the other pyrimidines. Instead, the preferred sites in the case of adenine and guanine were found to be the N7 and O6 and N7 and N6 pairs of atoms, respectively. Zinc ion affinity was evaluated for all the complexes and compared with values previously obtained for other transition metal ions. In the present case, the following order of metal ion affinity (MIA) was found: G>A>C>T>U. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Quantum Chem, 2007


ABSTRACT: This paper presents an optimal path selection algorithm under sleep awake cycling in WSN. The main issue is the energy wastage of unused nodes. So, to overcome this, it proposes an on demand asynchronous sleep awake protocol for reducing energy consumption. In this, optimal path selection is based on shortest distance between nodes which is to be calculated. In this, it covers different scenarios under sleep awake. It presents synchronous and asynchronous way of communication between nodes. The main objective is to provide energy efficiency in network & also reduce delay. We formulate the routing problem as time-dependent Bellman-Ford problem. In this, it presents a multipath routing protocol for data transmission. The projected mechanism is implemented with MATLAB.


Over the past 30 years, fisheries management on the west coast of the United States has undergone a rapid evolution. Starting with very limited management and stock assessment techniques, the complexity of fishery models and size and breadth of fishery data sets have gradually increased, which has coincided with increasingly intensive management measures used in the fishery. However, during the same period, the west coast fishery underwent a significant decline. As a symptom of this decline, several species of rockfish are currently designated as overfished, with rebuilding timelines of more than half a century. The west coast trawl fishery is a true multi-species fishery and the management protection (such as extremely low trip limits) afforded to overfished stocks has significant impacts on the economics of the trawl fleet. In order to evaluate the possible effects of these constraining species on fleet behavior and profitability, we develop a bioeconomic model of the west coast groundfish trawl fishery. We take a retrospective look, based on real data, at what could have happened in the west coast groundfish fishery if the stock of canary rockfish (Sebastes pinniger) had been managed to a range of harvest control rules starting from a time when canary rockfish were considered a healthy stock in the fishery. In particular, we are interested in how simple catch-based age-structure metrics could be used to effectively manage the stock of canary rockfish, and the tradeoffs between these and more complex techniques.


One of the most important factors in an artificial pollution test of transmission and distribution insulators of power systems is the short-circuit current of the source. Most laboratories do not have strong source and test transformers. In this paper a test setup has been introduced to improve the performance of high-voltage laboratories for pollution test. It is based on adding an output capacitor and compensator reactors in a cascade setup. Beside simulations, clean-fog test method was used to determine the flashover voltage (FOV) of insulators that selected from overhead lines. Using the developed setup, there is an error in FOV less than 30% compared with a stiff setup in light pollution for ceramic cap and pin insulators. Higher levels of pollution cause the higher error in FOV in all cases. Although the error increases with pollution level, it is smaller in the case of composite insulators. The error decreases depending on the hydrophobicity of silicon rubber. So the less hydrophobic the insulator surface, the greater the error in FOV


The sports statistics community is rapidly evolving. R is an open-source software in constant development that has gained a lot of popularity within statistical communities and sports analytics. This work presents a systematic review of the available R CRAN sport packages following PRISMA guidelines. We consider all packages active as of 18 February 2021. A total of 81 sport R packages created since 2006 were detected. Of these, 35.9% were authored by an American national, 69.1% include a dataset, 43.2% provide vignettes, and 65.4% have been updated at least once. The sport with the highest representation is basketball (n = 14, 17.3%), followed by soccer (n = 12, 14.8%) and packages related to physical activity (n = 11, 13.6%). There are no sports packages directed solely for the female gender, while 59.3% of packages are focused on professional athletes. Fifty packages (61.7%) are related to the sports performance analysis category, and web scraping (n = 43, 53.1%) was the main functionality in the collected packages. The creation of new R packages in the area of sports could help solve questions and tasks that still remain a challenge in this field, while continuing to help to improve the level of statistical education and computational thinking skills.


MoD procures equipment for use by HM armed forces. Defence equipment can include offensive weapons which are designed to kill opposing forces. However, such weapon systems should not kill or harm friendly forces, or indeed civilians during peace time. Therefore, all equipment procured by the armed forces requires safety functions to be identified, specified and implemented. Defence equipment functions involve a wide range of hazards which include explosive devices~ the potential energy of aeroplanes, ships and vehicles~ guided weapons and nuclear reactors. The more traditional hazards found in manufacturing industry such as fire and chemical spillage may also be present. Of particular concern to MoD is the use of computers and computer software to implement safety functions.


In July 1996 I attended the closing ceremony of the annual exhibition held at the Argentine Rural Association., the organisation that embodies the interests and identity of the country's agrarian sector and in particular of the land-owning elite. The ceremony culminated in a dramatisation of the ordeals endured by ordinary soldiers during the 'Conquest of the Desert'. This was a protracted war aimed at eradicating the Indian presence from an ever increasing territory, a task that was completed at the end of the nineteenth century, providing more land and resources to underwrite the elite's aspirations of nationhood and progress.
As evening fell the outline of the cavalrymen who filled the arena became fainter until the only evidence of their presence was the swaying movement of the torches they carried.


Due to the explosive growth of multimedia application, the demand for high performance and low power DSP is getting higher and higher. Most widely used fundamental device performed in DSP system is FIR digital filter. Being the critical part of the theoretical advancement and implementation, FIR filter design continues to be a critical area of on-going research activities. for better performance it is good direction to optimize  power consumption ,reduction in computational complexity as well as area optimization of FIR digital filter .


Abstract When MONUC (the Mission de l'Organisation des Nations Unies en République Démocratique du Congo) was first deployed in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) in late 1999, the territorial integrity of the DRC was at stake as the country was divided into autonomous fıefdoms controlled by the national government and several rebel groups. Concomitantly, the country also played host to a number of foreign national armies as well as non-state armed groups that took advantage of the confused situation in the DRC to pursue their respective security, economic, or simply survival agendas. In over a decade of deployment, MONUC contributed greatly to the preservation of the DRC's territorial integrity. The mission also played a crucial role in establishing relative peace, security and stability in central Africa's largest state. However, all these achievements could not wipe away significant shortcomings experienced by MONUC, stemming from both internal and external factors to the mission, especially with regard to the protection of civilians.


Abstract Recent developments in the Brazilian gas supply industry are reviewed. Two main questions are addressed. First, is territorial monopoly the best approach for the industrial organisation of an infant gas supply industry (GSI)? Second, how should the regulatory framework of the GSI be related to a competition‐oriented regulatory framework in the electricity supply industry (ESI)? Our view is that the regulation used in North America and in Europe to develop the GSI, when their gas industries were in their infancy, has not been adapted for the Brazilian case. New driving forces are bounding the development of the GSI both in mature and infant markets. An innovative regulatory framework is required that will preserve market power equilibrium and regulatory coherence between the GSI and ESI.


Spectral types of stars for an extended area (1200 sq arcmin) of the SMC, containing the associations NGC456, NGC460 a, b and NGC465 have been derived here. High-quality UJ and YJ film copies of objective prism plates taken with the 1.2-m UK Schmidt telescope were used. The medium dispersion spectral (830 A/mm) were digitized with a PDS microdensitometer and spectra types of stars were obtained down to about 16.5 mag. A computer interactive method of reduction has been developed, and the spectral types obtained are accurate to 0.3 spectral subtypes. Spectral classification for the low (2440 A/mm) dispersion spectra down to 18.5 mag was carried out visually using a binocular microscope. The frequency distributions of stars in the associations region, after subtracting the field stars, have revealed that only blue main sequence stars are their members.


Education stands out as the best cost-effective means increasing human capital, reducing poverty and achieving sustainable development. Universal primary education is likely to give developing countries the human capital boost necessary to bring large segments of the population out of poverty. This is why investing in  primary education becomes the top priorty to policy makers of many countries including Bangladesh. Bangladesh is facing gigantic challenges like variations in teacher student ratio, lack of qualified and trained teachers,  variety in primary education systems, disparity and lack of coordination among primary educational institutions, which constrain the attainment of universal primary education and  its effort to increase enrollments and quality education. Bangladesh, despite of being signatory state to international treaties and having national legislation, is yet to enforce right to education as fundamental right and there is no instrument to compel State to the full realization of right to primary education. Hence this article emphasises on increasing the financial allocation of primary education as a tool to reduce these challenges. Budget analysis through right based approach can examine this priority as it can help to quantify the steps that the State is taking to achieve progressively the full realization of the right to education.


Systematic cluster-based structural modelling of decagonal Al–Co–Ni is performed, based on a fundamental Al–Co cluster with 20 Å diameter, symmetry and 8 Å periodicity. This cluster is the building unit of τ2-Al13Co4, from which, via minor changes, the structures of the W-approximant, the basic Co-rich phase, the superstructures of type I, II, and S1, and the basic Ni-rich phase are derived. Good agreement with available experimental data based on X-ray-diffraction is achieved.


An 80-year-old Caucasian woman with diabetes, hypertension, dyslipidaemia, a smoking habit, and a longstanding history of stable ischaemic heart disease presented with moderate-intensity, recent-onset chest pain (Canadian Cardiology Society Class II). Seven years previously, she had undergone a percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) with stenting of the proximal left anterior descending artery due to chronic stable angina, and, 5 years previously, a repeat revascularization with balloon angioplasty for a critical in-stent restenosis. Due to a symptomatic second-degree atrioventricular block, she also received a bicameral pacemaker. One month prior to admission, she had undergone another PCI with a drugeluting balloon due to recurrent in-stent restenosis. The patient reported that her chest pain was different from the angina symptoms she had experienced in the past because it did not occur during effort, but predominantly at rest and after emotional triggers. On physical examination, her heart rate was 65 b.p.m., blood pressure 146/ 70mmHg, and oxygen saturation 99% while breathing ambient air. The electrocardiogram (ECG) showed a paced rhythm. Her blood cholesterol was 143mg/dL, low-density lipoprotein 84mg/dL, high-density lipoprotein 35mg/dL, and blood glucose 63mg/dL. High-sensitivity troponin and N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide levels were normal. An echocardiogram showed mild left ventricular dysfunction (left ventricular ejection fraction 50%) and a mildto-moderatemitral regurgitation.


A 65‐year‐old woman presenting with progressive dyspnea and chylous ascites is reported. Necropsy revealed the presence of masses of spindle cells in and around the walls of lymph vessels, and massively involving the retro‐peritoneal and to a lesser extent the mediastinal lymph nodes. Honeycombing of the lungs was associated with similar spindle‐cell masses arising from pulmonary lymph vessels. These findings are those of a disease known as lymphangiomyomatosis, which has heretofore been characterized by infiltration and obstruction of the thoracic duct, and by chylothorax. In this case, there was no chylothorax but only chylous ascites; furthermore the thoracic duct was patent. These findings argue against the reactive origin of the spindle‐cell proliferation and suggest that these formations are of hamartomatous nature.


A detector was placed in a slowly spinning wheel on OSO-6 whose axis was perpendicular to the line drawn to the sun, to measure the surface brightness and polarization at all elongations from the immediate neighborhood of the sun to the anti-solar point. Different wavelength settings and polarizations were calculated from the known order of magnitude brightness of the zodiacal light. The measuring sequence was arranged to give longer integration times for the regions of lower surface brightness. Three types of analysis to which the data on OSO-6 were subjected are outlined; (1) photometry, (2) colorimetry and (3) polarimetry.


A consequentialist holds that systems of criminal punishment must be justified, if they can be justified at all, by their consequential benefits. It is a contingent fact, if it is a fact at all, that these benefits are most efficiently attained by a system of punishment, and by punishments which ordinary moralists would regard as just; and a thorough-going consequentialist must be ready in principle to justify punishments which many would condemn as unjust. A retributivist, on the other hand, insists that the justice of a system or instance of punishment is essential to its justification; and that the demands of justice cannot be reduced to those of consequential utility. Retributivist accounts of punishment come in a variety of forms: we must distinguish those who insist only that guilt is a necessary, not a sufficient, condition of justified punishment from those who insist that punishment must be fully justified by reference to a past offence; and amongst the latter we find various accounts of how it is that an offence justifies or requires punishment. But essential to any retributivist account is the claim that an adequate justification of punishment must cite not, or not only, its consequential benefits, but its relationship to a past offence: it is a non-consequentialist requirement of justice that punishment must be of an offender, for an offence; that only the guilty may be punished, and that the severity of their punishments should be limited, if not completely determined, by the seriousness of the offences for which they are punished.


The present study was developed at the Goiano Federal Institute Campus of Rio Verde Go. Whey was once considered a by-product for the food industry, with new technological developments became a coproduct capable of being ingested in the food industry. Ricotta cream flavored with flaxseed flour and oregano developed the following raw materials: milk, whey, ricotta, flaxseed flour, oregano and sodium chloride. Eight formulations with different proportions of flax flour and sodium chloride were submitted to sensory analysis, and the 2 best formulations were chosen for the physicochemical analyzes (Fat, proteins, ash, titratable acidity, dry matter, texture and fat in the dry extract). The analyzes carried out followed the methodology of Normative Instruction No. 22, dated 04/14/2003. The objective of the research was to develop ricotta cream spiced with flaxseed flour and oregano, making a food functional and healthy. To evaluate the physico-chemical characteristics of the 2 best formulations, sensorial analysis regarding the characteristics of the product and purchase intention. It was concluded that the processing of cream of ricotta flavored with linseed flour Research, Society and Development, v. 9, n. 7, e864974340, 2020 (CC BY 4.0) | ISSN 2525-3409 | DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v9i7.4340 3 and oregano met the expectations expected with acceptability of the evaluators, the results of the microbiological analyzes were within the values established by the legislation, and the evaluation of the purchase intention showed that the product had acceptance and acceptance of 52% of purchase intention.


Environmental groups are concerned about the impact a Republican-dominated Congress will have on their activities. The Republican agenda would {open_quotes}severely undercut public health and environmental protection, {close_quotes} says the Natural Resources Defense Council (NRDC; Washington).


This work identifies transgender oriented image memes as a dataset that reflects transgender lived experience, minority stress, and resilience. In this analysis of transgender memes, four themes were identified: Community, Bodies, Transgender Experience, and The Broken System of Gender. Memes about bodies dealt not only with medical transition, but discussed the distinction between euphoria and dysphoria, as well as cisgender expectations of transgender bodies and bodily narratives. Memes about community included depictions and acts of validation, discussions of reclamations of power, and the queering of media to form senses of community representation. Transgender experience memes discussed the ways being transgender tints otherwise common experiences, such as interfacing with family, or coming into one's identity. Finally, the ways gender, as a social system, limit people and reinforce harmful hegemonic tendencies are discussed. Importantly, these memes demonstrated each element of minority stress, as well as resilience against such stressors.


Cities consume over 75% of natural resources, produce over 50% of global waste, and emit 60–80% of greenhouse gases. The scenario that by 2050 two thirds of the world population will live in cities, highlights how cities are still responsible for the growing consumption characterized by linear economic processes, with the production of various types of waste. In this unsustainable framework, the Circular Economy offers the opportunity to shape the urban system by means of rethinking the possibility to produce and use goods and services, exploring new ways to ensure long-term prosperity. The Circular City paradigm contains in fact all the principles of the Circular Economy: recovery, recycling, and sharing. In particular, Circular City also introduces actions related to the development of renewable energy communities, use of green materials, CO2 absorption approaches, and Proximity Cities. This work aims to develop a methodology to build a composite index (Circular City Index) capable of measuring the degree of implementation of urban policies that may enable an ecological transition of public assets. Circular City Index was applied to the military cluster of the city of Cagliari (Sardinia, Italy), a significant case study to guide circular policies in public properties for civil and military uses.


Crimes happened during combating the earthquake has both routinely crimes and special crimes belongs to this period.How to definite and punish the crimes is relate to the suit of criminal law and criminal policy,meanwhile,is relate to the social stability and harmonious society reconstruction of disaster area.