10. Thomas TL, Stolley PD, Stemhagen A, Foutham ETH, Bleeker ML, Stewart PA, Hoover RN. Brain tumor mortality risk among men with electrical and electronics jobs: a case-control study. J NatI Cancer Inst 79:233-238 (1987). 11. Shirley Primary School v. Telecom Mobile Communications Ltd. Case no C136/98. Environment Court, Christchurch, New Zealand, 14 December 1998. NZRMA (New Zealand Resources Management Act) 66-144, 1999.


A fuzzy logic based fault detection and classification scheme has been proposed for six phase transmission line. The algorithm is based on the monitoring of fundamental voltage of all the six phases and the deviation of phase voltage and current phasor with respect to a predefined reference phase angle. The variations in the voltage and current phase angles post fault have been framed as linguistic variables and further mapped with the status (healthy or faulty) of the phases using a set of fuzzy rules. The proposed fuzzy logic based protection scheme has been tested for different fault scenarios with varying fault parameters. A performance analysis has been carried out which authenticates the suitability and quickness of the proposed protection.


: Sales of products that are frequently sold and new products at HNI Range fluctuate, namely sometimes increasing and sometimes decreasing. This is because consumers often move to other stockists because the product they want is not available, whereas if they have to buy, they must pre-order and wait a few days. This problem had an impact on product stock control which could not be predicted properly by HNI Kisaran. The purpose of this study is to apply the Single Exponential Smoothing method for forecasting product sales at HNI Kisaran based on the data obtained. The research method used in this research is qualitative research which is research that only collects data and explains descriptively/narratively without having to be processed by statistical tests. This research will only utilize data obtained from research sites and input them without changing anything. Manual calculation results and computerized calculation results have the same results. Using the Single Exponential Smoothing method can help HNI Kisaran to determine the amount of product that must be provided in order to be able to meet customer demand.


Controls were performed using a common internal panel specific for anti-HIV, anti-HTLV and HBs Ag. During the past 32 months, 5 anti-HIV1 + 2 antibody kits (Abbott, Behring, Biotest, Murex D. and Organon T., total of 199 lots), 4 anti-HTLV I/II antibody kits (Abbott, Murex D., Organon T. and Ortho C.D., total of 153 lots) and 5 HBs Ag kits (Abbott, S.D. Pasteur, Murex D., Organon T. and Ortho C.D., total of 244 lots) were used and controlled by the 14 participating laboratories. Analysis of the results showed the values obtained for the most representative sample of each panel to be within the limits m +/- 2 SD in 95 to 100% of the HIV1 + 2 kits, in 94 to 97% of the HTLV kits and in 92 to 100% of the HBs Ag kits. The specificity of the kits evaluated was on an average equal or superior to 99.5%, as required by the French Drug Agency in a blood donor population.


This 5,000 year old healing system of Chinese medicine was introduced into the mainstream in the U.S. after President Nixon's visit to China in 1972. Starting in California in 1976, most States now certify acupuncturists according to national standards. Every year, tens of thousands of acupuncture treatments are performed on patients who experience significant changes in their health. In spite of this, our culture has been slow to embrace acupuncture and its application has been difficult to reconcile with modern science.


The double curves of least area immersions of the torus into closed, orientable, irreducible 3-manifolds are simple in the torus. A related result for other least area surfaces is given. If f : F → M is a general position immersion of a surface into a 3-dimensional manifold, then the set of points where f(F ) fails to be an embedding consists of a finite collection of double curves and triple points. The preimages of these curves in F , also known as double curves, may not be simple or disjoint (they meet at the preimages of the triple points). A double curve in f(F ) is simple in M if and only if the corresponding double curves in F (2 if F and M are orientable) are simple and disjoint. Figure 1 shows the double curves of 3 homotopic immersions of the torus into some 3-manifold and illustrates how much they can change with the homotopy. Of special interest are immersions which are incompressible (π1-injective) and have least area in its free homotopy class for some Riemannian metric on the manifold. In this case one can hope that the singularities of the immersion are minimal and are related to the topology of M . The immersions in Figure 1 are incompressible, and the last 2 have least area for some Riemannian metrics. Freedman, Hass and Scott [2] proved that if M is orientable and irreducible (i.e. every sphere embedded in M bounds a 3-ball), and F is orientable and not S, then the double curves of any least area incompressible immersion f : F → M are essential in F . In general however, these double curves are not disjoint nor simple, and even their number may vary depending on the metric given to the manifold. In the case of least area tori much more can be said. In his proof of the Torus Theorem [1] Casson has shown that if f : T 2 → M is a least area incompressible immersion of a torus into a closed, orientable and irreducible manifold, then: (i) All the double curves of f represent powers of the same element of π1(T ), unless M is covered by S × S × S. (ii) The double curves of f represent primitive elements of π1(T ), so they are homotopic to simple curves in T . In this paper a similar approach is used to show that the double curves of a least area immersion f : T 2 →M are in fact simple in T , and that if F is any orientable surface and f : F → M has the so-called 1-line property, then the double curves of f represent primitive elements of π1(F ). Finally, examples of least area tori in which every double curve intersects each other are given. Although the image of a least area incompressible surface f : F → M may fail to be in general position, or even be self-transverse, the image of a least area Received by the editors October 11, 1995. 1991 Mathematics Subject Classification. Primary 57M60, 57R45.


Depth sensors like RGB-D cameras, LiDARs and laser scanners are widely investigated in research for Smart Wheelchair (SW) to carry out navigation, localization and ob-stacle detection and avoidance tasks. These sensors are costly compared to monocular camera sensor. A single off-the-shelf camera can be an economically efficient sensor to achieve obstacle detection and avoidance. We present in this paper a single camera based obstacle detection and avoidance method without using any 3D information. It is a novel vision-only system for wheelchair obstacle detection and avoidance that uses a Raspberry Pi along with Raspberry Pi camera. The obstacles are detected using a deep learning model built on MobileNetV2 SSD. The model is retrained using a dedicated dataset that was built for this purpose. Bounding boxes are used to mark detected obstacles; and feed them as features to the image space obstacle avoidance module. Figure 1 depicts internal view of what does the system see and an abstract description of our system's functionality.


In a population of drug dependent persons who administered their drugs intravenously, two features were occasionally noted. In three cases what has been termed autohaemofetishism was seen and in three cases injection masochism. These two features are considered to be brought about on the basis of classical conditioning.


In light condition, switches of Phase Shift-Full Bridge (PB-FB) DC/DC converter cannot satisfy the condition of Zero Voltage Switch (ZVS). Based on field-programmable gate array (FPGA), PWM and PS control method are used according to different load condition. In addition, switching loss of converter is explained, and design process is presented in detail. Experiment results indicate the mutual combination of PWM and PS control method can reduce current stress of switches and switching loss, ensuring high efficiency in global load condition. Input conducted noise is worse in light condition.


Inquiry‐based learning has been promoted as a student‐centred approach that can strengthen the links between teaching and research. This article examines the potential of inquiry‐based learning to strengthen the teaching–research nexus by analysing three case studies: a 'structured inquiry' third‐year endocrinology medicine module, a 'guided inquiry' second‐year political communications course and an 'open inquiry' third‐year ecology course. The relation between teaching and research differed significantly amongst these three cases and led to a reconceptualisation of inquiry‐based learning. A model was then developed to link the focus of learning (using Levy's framing of information or discovery‐oriented inquiry) with the level of independence and the potential strength of the teaching–research nexus. The findings show that, if teachers are aiming for strong links between teaching and research, they should adopt an open, discovery‐oriented inquiry‐based learning approach. However, more structured and guided forms of inquiry can be useful to progressively develop particular inquiry skills.


The charge of article 311 of Criminal Law should be: crime of refusing to provide evidence of crime of espionage.The object of the crime is: a State security organ's investigation on crime of espionage.The crime has specific natures on time,content and extent.The subject of the crime is specific subject.The pattern of guilty mind of the crime is direct intention.The paper also makes a tentative study on the differences of crime of harbouring and this crime,crime of giving false testimony and this crime,crime of jeopardizing official business and this crime.


Abstract This paper presents the preliminary results of a study on the untitled and unpublished recipe book transmitted by the codex conv.soppr.F.VIII.1834 (Biblioteca Nazionale Centrale di Firenze), previously conserved in the library of the convent of the Most Holy Annunciation (Florence); the codex contains both culinary recipes and «secrets». We argue that the composition of the manuscript took place in the second half of the seventeenth century (§§2‒3) and was carried out by multiple authors (§4). Subsequently, we analyse its main linguistic features, with particular regard to orthographical instability and morphological variation (§5). Finally, we investigate the main sources of the cookbook (§6), examining in detail some recipes taken from Bartolomeo Scappi's Opera.


Elastomer blends are widely used in rubber products for a variety of reasons, which include improved physical properties, improved service life, easier processing, and reduced production cost [. Butadiene and chloroprene (2-chloro-1,3 butadiene) are related monomers [. Blending of SBR with CR has been done to obtain better crystallisation resistance, better compression set resistance, lower brittleness temperature and enhanced resistance to sunlight deterioration as compared with CR alone. Other important properties, such as oil, heat, flame and ozone resistance, decrease as the amount of SBR increases [. It is possible to improve the phase morphology of SBR/CR blend by incorporating 5±10 phr of a modified copolymer that has segments chemically identical to SBR and CR phases. Addition of halocarbenes to polymers has been reported since a long time; however, available information on the commercial application on such modified polymers is limited [.


B-418 Characterization of strong stability of stationary solutions of nonlinear programs with a finite number of equality constraints and an abstract convex constraint Toshihiro Matsumoto Abstract. In this report we treat nonlinear programs Pro(f, h; K) having an objective function f , a finite number of equality constraints h(x) = (h 1 (x), · · · , h ℓ (x)) = 0, and an abstract convex constraint x ∈ K with its convex set K. Our particular interest is an algebraic criterion for a locally isolated stationary solution to be strong stable, in the sense of Kojima, under a Linear Independence Constraint Qualification condition defined to those programs. First, we introduce a simple sufficient condition for semismoothness of the Euclidean projector ρ + K onto K. Semismoothness of the Euclidean projectors onto closed convex cones pointed at 0 follows directly from this sufficiency. Secondly, under the condition of semismoothness of ρ + K and what we call the regular boundary condition for K, we characterize strong stability of a locally isolated stationary solution ¯ x + , with (¯ x, ¯ λ) its associate stationary point, in terms of B-subderivative ∂ B ψ(¯ x, ¯ λ; f, h) of some appropriately defined map ψ(x, λ; f, h) for programs Pro(f, h; K). This result is a generalization of the theory that Kojima developed in his famous paper. Thirdly, we state an explicit formula for the Jacobian of the Euclidean projector onto any closed convex set satisfying the C 2 stratification, and interpret the regular boundary condition in terms of principal curvatures of the stratum.


Papaya is a widely grown and economically important fruit crop in the tropics and subtropics. A serious threat to papaya cultivation is a highly destructive disease caused by papaya ringspot virus (PRSV) which can result in complete loss of yield. Early identification and removal of PRSV infected plants can prevent the spread of the disease throughout the orchard and avoid significant crop loss. In this study, an electrochemical impedance spectroscopy-based immuno-sensor was developed for the highly sensitive detection of PRSV coat protein (PRSV-CP). The PRSV-CP gene was cloned and recombinant protein was expressed and purified from E. coli. Polyclonal antibodies were raised against the recombinant PRSV-CP, and their specificity as well as reactivity was assessed by western blotting and ELISA using extracts from healthy and PRSV-infected papaya plant saps. The electrochemical sensor surface was functionalized with the anti-PRSV-CP antibody to demonstrate the highly sensitive detection of the PRSV-CP. A prototype of the biosensor has been developed that provides a convenient on/off visual signal to rapidly identify papaya samples that contain the PRSV-CP. The technology developed in this study has the potential to serve as a rapid, easy-to-use, economical tool for the detection of plant pathogens in the field.


How do people come to understand, produce, and respond to emergent regulatory initiatives of public health, new complications in the management of desire, citizenship, health, and identity? This is explored in terms of current media involvement with the regulatory regime of tobacco control in an urban Chinese setting. Several theorists have suggested that tobacco control is emblematic of recent sociopolitical transformations pertaining to risk. Rather than arguing for either the broad scale applicability of a "risk society" framework or its outright mismatch, I agitate for a different tack, wherein risk is seen as one of several factors at play in shaping the form and reception of tobacco-control media in urban China today. I argue that equal if not more important than risk has been a distinctive form of post-socialist governmentality, oriented around producing and managing identity. This argument is developed through discussions of various forms of tobacco-con- trol media found in Kunming, China. Such media currently work to problematize lives, to create what Dean has called a "critical ontology of our selves" (1996). They involve less the production of risk, and instead a specific type of fraught modern embodi- ment: a self-regulating, cosmopolitanism-seeking, conflict-ridden masculinity.


A theoretical study was undertaken for developing a procedure for measuring by transient methods the thermal diffusivity of a small solid disk whose diameter is not very large compared with its thickness. The disk is placed in a vacuum furnace and heated on one face by a radiant heat source whose intensity is varied step-wise. Thermal radiation losses not only from the front and rear faces but also from the lateral face of the disk are considered. The results established that, if the ratio 2r0/l (2r0: diameter, l: thickness) of the disk is larger than 6, the thermal diffusivity can be determined within


T h e effect of d a t a character on empirical concept learning has typically been studied using "natural" d a t a from real domains. This presents problems, however, because natural d a t a are often limited and uncontrollable. After many years of experimentation with systems such as ID3 and PLS1, we understand their behavior only partially. Rather t han using natural da ta , this paper takes a more complex approach. Firs t we examine typical problems in an effort t o characterize concepts more completely. Then we exploit the characterization t o generate d a t a artificially. F rom these controlled da ta , we measure learning performance (speed and accuracy) as a precise function of several da t a characteristics. Our experiments and analyses refine previous results, and they lead t o some novel conclusions: 0 A useful s tar t ing point t o clarify da t a character is t he definition of t he te rm concept, which is effectively a function over instance space. 0 Characterizing a concept as a function allows us t o mimic natural d a t a and t o control the generation of artificial d a t a for extensive experimentation. 0 Data characteristics are numerous and easy t o overlook, which can easily mislead our assessments of system performance. 0 Compared with significant design factors of learning algorithms, certain d a t a characteristics are highly significant; this encourages certain research directions.


The high temperature superconductor (HTS) coil development, especially in the interest of high field insert coil, requires characterizations of a prototype coil in high magnetic field. Our test probe fits into the bore of Ø 170 mm 20 T dc magnet, and the sample space Ø 130 mm allows test coils with ~Ø 110 mm and 140 mm height. A fast data acquisition method at sampling period of 0.1 ms was developed for coil quench test program, and a working principle of the method is demonstrated for a small test coil. To accommodate high current required in tests such as Ic and hoop stress tests, the new current leads were manufactured with an optimal current measured in the range of 600 ~ 700 A, which was sufficient for the envisaged coil tests. For short duration, the current lead could carry more than 1000 A without any influence of overheating in short sample Ic test. A demonstration of short sample Ic test is also presented.


This paper establishes formulas for approximate subdifferentials of locally Lipschitzian marginal (or optimal value) functions which are not required to attain their infimum.


Abstract This article argues that the convention of archival description has been to hide the variety of shaping processes that lead to the eventual formation of an archival aggregation. It suggest...


Once a legend in the history of higher learning in China, National Central University was even top-ranked in Asia as a first-class university. However, its strength was greatly undermined during the adjustment of its faculties after the founding of the People's Republic of China. To separate out the reasons of its decline, it is not difficult to find out that the division of disciplines, the decline of talent quality, and the lack of free and autonomous atmosphere are the most important three aspects. The division of disciplines deprived the National Central University of the necessary foundation of a first-class university; the radicalization of and the decline of the talenttraining quality deprived the Central University of the key elements of being firstclass; the lack of freedom and autonomy deprived the "soil" for the growth of a first-class university and deprived it of the "nutrients" for its development. These three aspects are the important factors in the construction of first-class universities, pointing out the direction in the construction of contemporary first-class universities in China. Therefore, discipline construction, talent training, and free and independent campus atmosphere are the foundation and necessary conditions for building a first-class university. Keywords—National Central University; First-class University; Discipline; Quality of Talents Training; Atmosphere of Freedom


Why is local environmental governance in Brazil shaped through the collective action of many, frequently interacting actors in some municipalities, whilst in others it does not take the form of deliberative and inclusive decision-making? I address this question by zooming in on Brazil's Conselhos Municipais de Meio Ambiente (participatory municipal environmental councils). Through multivariate logistical regression (n = 5202), I show that a large business community, combined with 'small local government', adds significantly to the likelihood of finding participatory forms of solving environmental problems in a municipality, especially when communities have learned from prior experience with participatory policy-making in other areas. Through multivariate linear regression (n = 1365), I establish that depth and breadth of participatory environmental governance processes is more likely to increase when, amongst other things, people have previous experience with other types of participatory council, and when there are fewer local government officials per capita. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and ERP Environment


Herein we report preparation, crystal structure and ion exchanging properties of a new phosphate of tetravalent cerium, K2Ce(PO4)2. A monoclinic structure having framework type arrangement of Ce(PO4)6 units formed by CeO8 square-antiprism and PO4 tetrahedra is assigned for K2Ce(PO4)2. The K+ ions are occupied in the channels formed by the Ce(PO4)6 and provide overall charge neutrality. The unique channel type arrangements of the K+ make them exchangeable with other cations. The ion exchanging properties of K2Ce(PO4)2 has been investigated by equilibrating with solution of 90Sr followed by radiometric analysis. In optimum conditions, significant exchange of K+ with Sr2+ with Kd ~ 8000 mL/g is observed. The details of crystal structure and ion exchange properties are explained and a plausible mechanism for ion exchange is presented.


The oil chromatographic data of the high-voltage reactor in an UHV substation was abnormal, and subsequent live detection measures were taken for this defect, including high-frequency partial discharge test, UHF partial discharge test, ultrasonic partial discharge test, and vibration monitoring. This paper comprehensively analyzed the test data, judges that there was discharge inside, and basically judged the discharge position in the Y-pillar area of the high-voltage reactor, and put forward suggestions and opinions for subsequent disposal measures and operation and maintenance measures.


Abstract : Microdensitometric reduction and computer analysis were applied in analyzing radiometrically and photogrammetrically calibrated photographic images of chemical and particulate tracers in the stratosphere, mesosphere and thermosphere. Digitized optical density distributions were processed by Fourier and configuration space analyses to determine turbulent atmospheric heating rates, diffusion coefficients, and other parameters descriptive of upper-atmospheric turbulence. Richardson numbers, heating, and turbulent diffusivity were also determined from wind data derived by the smoke trail method. (Author)


Method and apparatus for transferring digital data between the encoder / decoder circuit (12) and the signal processor (14). Transfer of digital data, (a) while at a first circuit of the encoder / decoder circuitry and signal processor, obtaining a block of data values having a certain statistical properties, (b) first in the circuit, generating a data stream by encoding a block of data values based on the statistical properties of the block of data values via a data bus connecting the (c) first circuit and the second circuit, forwarding the data stream to a second circuit which is the other of the encoder / decoder circuitry and signal processors, and (d) in the second circuit, the data by decoding the data stream received from the first circuit reconstructing a block of values, including.


The present invention is directed to an anionic and / or cationic properties and delayed swelling superabsorbent polymers with (SAP), which was prepared by the polymerization of ethylenically unsaturated vinyl compound. The SAP is polymerized monomer components in the presence of a combination consisting of swelling at the earliest start vital after 5 minutes (a) at least one hydrolytically stable crosslinking agent and at least one readily hydrolyzable crosslinking agent, ( b) polymerization of at least one permanent anionic monomer and at least one hydrolysable cationic monomer, coating of the core polymer component using at least one other polymer electrolytes as (c) the shell polymer, (d ) characterized by being produced using at least one method selected from at least one group of the polymerization in the presence of a hydrolysis stable monomers at least one readily hydrolyzable monomers of at least one crosslinking agent . By the difference of the three production methods for the starting material and process conditions, and because it can be combined with one another, in particular foam using the present invention, moldings and fibers, however plants - and as a carrier for fungal growth regulators and superabsorbent polymer is obtained which is suitable for use in or for building materials free modulating agents. Especially polymers of the present invention is suitable for use as building material additives.


The aim of this paper is to report the mammographic predictive positive value by decade of age using the assessment categories described within the BI-RADS lexicon.


Information-centric networking (ICN), which forwards request packet on the basis of the name of the content without using the Domain Name System (DNS) and caches data packets at routers, is attracting attention as a network architecture that efficiently delivers content such as Internet of Things (IoT) data. Certain content, e.g., paid content, can be obtained by limited users, and an access-control method for determining whether the requesting user can access is required when requesting this type of content. On the current Internet, request packets reach the servers of content providers using the authoritative DNS server of content providers, so access control is easily achieved at this server. However, in ICN, access control is difficult because data packets can return from routers, and request packets cannot always reach the hosts of content providers. We propose an access-control method with which request packets can always reach the host of content providers. The overhead traffic of key distribution was derived using simple analysis models and numerically compared with an existing access-control method. We confirm that the proposed method creates approximately 7 Gbytes of control overhead traffic per day, while the existing method with which a key is periodically distributed to all users creates at least 250 Gbytes of unauthorized traffic per day.


Describes the coming of the Tainui canoe and subsequent history of the Raglan area. Includes covering letter by Graham, 17 Sep 1915 and carbon of Smith's reply, 24 September 1915.
Quantity: 1 volume(s) (38 leaves).
Provenance: Typescript of George Graham's translation of a manuscript written ca 1863


This paper implements in Fortran 77 a new algorithm which has the same purpose as algorithm AS 242 of Shea (1989), namely to compute the exact likelihood function of a vector ARMA model. The new algorithm turns out to be faster in many relevant cases and not appreciably slower in any. In addition to advantages offered by the algorithm of Shea (1989), including the calculation of an appropiate set of residuals, it also permits the automatic detection of noninvertible models as a byproduct. The Fortran 77 code presented here combines improved versions of the algorithms due to Ljung and Box (1979) and Hall and Nicholls (1980) with an algorithm of Kohn and Ansley (1982). The resulting procedure puts together a set of useful features which can only be found separately in other existing methods.


Fisher discriminant is a classical linear technique widely used in pattern classification and feature extraction. When fisher discriminant is used in classification of power transformer fault based on dissolved gasses analysis (DGA), it is transformed to its nonlinear version in high dimensional feature space by means of the kernel trick. The kernel fisher discriminant analysis (KFDA) is presented to diagnose faults in oil-immersed power transformer. In order to improve the classification accuracy, the conception of combination is introduced. The fault diagnosis of power transformer is consisted of 4 KFDA. KFDA1 is used to classify the normal and fault. KFDA2 is used to classify the thermal fault and discharge fault. KFDA3 is used to classify the general overheating fault and severe overheating fault. KFDA4 is used to classify the partial discharge fault, energy sparking or arcing fault. The example shows that the combinatorial KFDA have emerged with better performance, and more flexibility.


One of the fresh and important diplomatic ideas produced by our country is the concept of Harmonious World,which is reiterated and emphasized at the 17th Congress of CPC.Its rich and deep implication manifests great wisdom of the Chinese leaders,reflecting their efforts to search for an appropriate development direction both domestically and internationally.The creation of this diplomatic idea does not only deepen and enrich the basic principle to instruct China to strategically handle the foreign affairs,but widen the channels to produce more profound effects globally,and enhance the country merging into the world.


Oxidation of cyclopentene by RuCl3–NaOCl catalyst in an aqueous-organic two phase system was investigated by changing compositions of solvent system and additives to the aqueous solution. Use of acetonitrile as a cosolvent enhanced the reaction rate greatly, and addition of NaOH improved the yield of glutaric acid up to 80%.


This paper studies the X264 encoder on the basis of a thorough knowledge about the H.264 standard,aiming to accelerate the encoding speed and enhance the encoder's real-time ability.In the context of the data dependencies of the related macroblocks which are mainly analyzed,considering the characteristics of the parallel coding algorithm based on the macroblock-level of Inter-Frame,the paper proposes a new multi-thread parallel coding algorithm.On the basis of the original multi-thread parallel algorithm of the inter-frame macroblock-level and the following spatial correlation conditions,the algorithm which creates a thread for each row in the I frame,implements the parallel encoding of the inter-frame and intra-frame macroblock-level and achieves the effect of multi-granularity parallelism.The experimental results illustrate that the propsed algorithm improves the encoding speedup while the video sequences are effectively encoded and with the PSNR holds basically unchanged.,and the real-time encoding is enhanced.


ABSTRACT In this investigation, the dynamic mechanical properties of Indian almond – Kenaf fiber composite were investigated and the effect of stacking sequence was analyzed. Four types of composites viz. kenaf, Kenaf/Indian almond/Kenaf, Indian almond/Kenaf/Indian almond, and Indian almond were fabricated by hand layup technique. The experimental results revealed that the kenaf fiber composite showed the superior storage modulus and loss modulus values compared to all other composites due to the high stiffness of kenaf fiber and better bonding between the matrix and fiber. Among hybrid composites, Kenaf/Indian almond/Kenaf composite displayed a greater storage modulus and loss modulus than Indian almond/Kenaf/Indian almond composite due to the presence of two layers of high stiffness kenaf fiber. Further, the order of thermal stability of the composites was observed as: Kenaf > Kenaf/Indian almond/Kenaf > Indian almond/Kenaf/Indian almond > Indian almond. In addition, the Indian almond fiber composite and Indian almond/Kenaf/Indian almond composite exhibited good damping properties than other composites owing to the more mobility of polymer chain. Cole – cole plot showed that the structure of all the fabricated composites was heterogeneous in nature and kenaf fiber composite displayed the higher heterogeneity among all other materials. Moreover, the modeling of storage modulus and damping factor was performed and compared with the experimental results. The results showed good agreement with the theoretical and experimental values.


Decompression of the city is a new topic which is behind the urbanized development,it has been to be a temporary solution,of which the selfish way in the economy freeway network limites the urban development opportunities.In order to achieve complementary strengths among many considerable strength urban groups of the eastern part of China and crisscrossing freeway network,we should finally implement the interaction of them.We shoud establish point-axis geo-economic shape,rely on the freeway network to develop freeway economy which takes the economy of service area in freeway,crossing economy,virtual urban-oriented economy as the dominant economic characteristics,then formate a new regional economy model:virtual metropolitan area。Taking Zhezhong urban agglomeration as an example to establish the "Wu-state metropolitan area"in order to implement the form of virtual metropolis to promote regional development,and cause the win-win-win situation of which the city decompression,income-generating of freeway,point axis of regional economy development.


As of today, only 25–30% of the people who are HIV positive in the country are aware of their HIV status. The challenge before us is to make all HIV-infected people aware of their status, so that they adopt healthy lifestyles and prevent the transmission of HIV to others, and access life-saving care and treatment. Thus, counselling and testing services are an important component of prevention and control of HIV/AIDS in the country. HIV counselling and testing services are also a key entry point to prevention of HIV infection and treatment. When availing counselling and testing services, people can access accurate information about HIV prevention and care, and undergo an HIV test in a supportive and confidential environment [1].

There is a need to study the effect of counselling or health education over the seropositive patients, so that they can adopt healthy life style to prevent HIV transmission. Therefore, the study was conducted in order to understand the Socio-demographic profile of patients and their knowledge, attitude and practice towards HIV and the effectiveness of the counselling/health education.

This cross-sectional study was conducted at an Integrated Counselling and Testing center (ICTC) of Government District hospital (a tertiary care hospital), one of the teaching hospitals attached to J.J.M. Medical College in Davanagere of Karnataka State, India.

The Ethical clearance was obtained from Institutional ethical committee. Trained research assistants collected the data and recorded using pretested questionnaire. The data was collected for a period of two years i.e. from January 2008 to December 2009. During this period, total 210 seropositives for HIV attended the ICTC centre, were included in the study. After explaining the objectives of the study and assuring the confidentiality of the subjects to District Health Authorities, permission was obtained from the District Health Authorities and the in charge of the ICTC centre; following which the data was collected using interview method. The questions pertaining to socio-demographic information and knowledge, attitude and practice towards HIV were asked. After the health education the patients were followed up to assess the effect of health education. Only 43 HIV positive individuals were followed up, because the remaining was reluctant and non-cooperative for evaluation. Data was entered and analyzed using SPSS version 16.0 [Table/Fig-1].

[Table/Fig-1]:

Socio-demographic characteristics of study population

The study revealed that males constituted 71.4%of the total subjects which was higher than National figures, i.e. 61% [1]. But it is similar to the studies conducted by Kumar A [2] in Karnataka and Sharma R [3] (64%) in Ahemadabad.

In this study, 191 (90.9%) of the study subjects were aged between 21 and 50 y which is almost similar to National figures (88% in the age group 15-49 y) [1] and to the studies by Kumar A [2] and by Shrarma R [3].

The seropositivity was higher among the subjects with lower education (30.9%) These findings are similar to the study conducted by Sharma R [3]. (33.3%)

Among participants 166 (79%) were married. Similar observations were made by Kumar A [2] and Sharma R [3].

This study has revealed that 172 (82.2%) of the study subjects knew that sexual route as the mode of transmission, followed by blood and blood products i.e. 93 (44.2%) and perinatal transmission 43 (20.4%) [Table/Fig-2]. Regarding diseases prevention 39(18.6%) participants were aware of condom usage in disease prevention. But in the study conducted by Niraj K [4] about two thirds of the attendees were aware of condom use in disease prevention.

[Table/Fig-2]:

Knowledge Attitude and Practice regarding HIV

Regarding attitude of the patient towards disease, 154 (73.3%) of the study group wished to live with their family and 146(69.5%) want to share the utensils the same attitude has been also observed in the study conducted by Niraj K [4]. Three fourths (75.73%) of the participants had no objection in staying in same houses as the HIV infected persons, whereas only 33.4% of them said that they would share food with the HIV patients.

After giving health education only 43 HIV positive individuals were followed up, compared before and after giving health education and the difference was also noted. The difference was significance with respect to knowledge. The similar observations were also made in the study conducted by Niraj K [4], where awareness regarding condom was increased after the program intervention [Table/Fig-3].

[Table/Fig-3]:

Knowledge Attitude and Practice before and after Health Education.,


The high luminosity and short bunch spacing time of the upgraded Tevatron force the calorimeter to replace a significant part of the present electronics. The W mass measurement was used to study the pile-up effects.


Having done some research on the system,this essay expounds some aspects of the cableway system such as the capital construction,the work principle and how to get rid of the problems and so on.This essay is to provide reference for the correlative departments.


ABSTRACT:
 Mayflies are one of the most important orders of freshwater inhabiting insects and they are widely used in ecological studies. Mayfly ecology and distribution in the Mediterranean part of the Western Balkans are insufficiently investigated. Our study encompassed 9 sampling sites along the course of the Cetina River, the longest Mediterrranean river in Croatia, and 2 sites in the spring reach of its tributary, Ruda River. Mayflies were sampled monthly between August 2004 and August 2005. A total of 22 mayfly taxa were recorded, including 12 rare species. Due to the variety of available microhabitats and suitable physico-chemical water properties (e.g. water temperature), the highest mayfly richness was recorded in the lower reaches of the river. We discuss distribution and ecology of collected species, particularly the most abundant species (e.g. Baetis rhodani (Pictet, 1843) and Serratella ignita (Poda, 1761)) and the rare species (e.g. Siphlonurus croaticus Ulmer, 1920). One of the rare species collected, Caenis beskidensis Sowa, 1973, has a central and western European distribution and was hitherto not recorded in the Dinaric Western Balkan ecoregion. Morphologically variable specimens from the Rhithrogena group semicolorata were collected, and variability of the most important morphological characters is presented here. In order to resolve the taxonomical status we sequenced the mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase c subunit I (barcode region) of morphologically distinct specimens from the Cetina spring and another locality belonging to the Black Sea drainage (Bijela rijeka, Plitvice Lakes NP). Uncorrected p-distances within and between populations enabled us to associate all specimens to Rhithrogena braaschi Jacob, 1974. Moreover, in contrast to high morphological variability observed in this species, we infer low genetic differentiation of the mtCOI fragment in this species in the Dinaric Western Balkans.


This paper proposes a new locally adaptive boundary evolution algorithm for level set methods (LSM)-based novelty detection. The proposed approach consists of level set function construction, boundary evolution, and evolution termination. It utilises the exterior data points lying outside the decision boundary to effect the segments of the boundary that need to be locally evolved in order to make the boundary better fit the data distribution, so it can evolve boundary locally without requiring knowing explicitly the decision boundary. The experimental results demonstrate that the proposed approach can effectively detect novel events as compared to the reported LSM-based novelty detection method with global boundary evolution scheme and four representative novelty detection methods when there is an exacting error requirement on normal events.


International migration, always a much debated field, has become even more contested in the post-9/11 world. As the numbers of international migrants increase, so have policy measures aimed at regulating migration. There is greater control of border regions and border management has become top priority for most nations. This paper provides an overview of the immigration policies of major countries of destination and explores whether the process of strengthening border controls to keep alien workers out takes cognisance of their rights. It argues that the traditional notions of securing borders and citizenship need to be revised to take into account the growing realities of present day migration.


Case Report The patient is a boy who was first seen at the age of 11 years. His paternal great-grandfather was a diabetic of maturity-onset type; his maternal grandmother in later years was said to have been extremely dark-skinned, and to have had a craving for salt. He had been quite well until a month earlier, when he became lethargic, anorexic, and unduly thirsty. At this time no polyuria was noted; his parents thought that he appeared rather surprisingly 'sun tanned'. He began to suffer from vomiting which became more and more persistent, and a polyuria was observed. He was also experiencing occasional bouts of faintness when standing upright. Because of these symptoms, he was admitted to Whiston Hospital under the care of Dr. R. H. WhiteJones, where he was found to be dehydrated, and to have pigmented skin and gums. There was sugar, but no acetone in his urine. His blood sugar was 533 mg./100 ml. He was treated with insulin and intravenous fluids, and within 24 hours his blood sugar was within normal limits. A glucose tolerance test then confirmed the diagnosis of diabetes mellitus, showing a fasting sugar level of 127 mg./100 ml., rising to 300 mg./100 ml. at 2 hours. His hyperglycaemia proved remarkably easy to control, as he needed only 10 units of IZS lente insulin every 3 days to keep his blood sugar within an acceptable range. No ketone bodies were found in his urine on this regime. Despite this apparently satisfactory response, his clinical condition remained far from good. He continued to vomit and to be extremely lethargic. His blood pressure remained at the rather low level of80/50 mm. Hg which had been found on admission. This situation, together with the pigmentation, led to the suspicion of a concomitant Addison's disease, but his serum sodium and chloride values were found to be normal, and the diagnosis could not be confirmed at this stage. One month after his admission he was, therefore,


With the constant development of an aging population, the elderly have the increasingly demands and higher requirements for assistive products for walking. Traditional assistive products for walking can't satisfy demands for independent walking, use friendliness and maintenance of walking ability anymore, thus a new-type assistive product for walking is required in the potential market of the elderly. By aiming at the problem that the traditional man-machine interaction fails to meet demands of the elderly, tactile and slip sensor is used to drive and control a walking assistant robot. First of all, walking intention of general users is described. By aiming at movement features of users, k-nearest neighbor method, clustering method and support vector machine are used to identify walking intention of users. At last, with experimental comparison and analysis, identification effect of walking intention based on the clustering method is the worst. The identification effect based on support vector machine is slightly improved. The identification algorithm performance based on k-nearest neighbor method is the best. As a result, according to experimental results, k-nearest neighbor method is applied to do experimental study on identifying the walking intention.


I wanted to draw attention to the Borges story because it makes the following point in a concise and digestible form: the use of words like "original," "fake," and "natural" is a practice of representation, not a direct description of reality, and it has traditionally been part of the work of natural scientists to use these words to silence certain debates that might be worth having. Furthermore, understanding scientific activity as a practice of representation makes the work of restoration scientists more important and interesting, not less. Jared Aldern's considerate and analytic reading highlights one implication of this view that has occasioned much inkspilling among cultural theorists: the relative power of people deploying these words has a lot to do with their success or failure as practices of representation. Now, most scientists and some cultural theorists are somewhat phobic of thinking about "power" in this way, since most of us are trained to view phenomena atomistically as independent interactions between agents, no matter whether they are "organisms" or "rational individuals." I would argue that power is better conceived of as an emergent effect of one's position within a larger system of relationships. So although my article ended with a rather cheerful invitation to open debate, I agree wholeheartedly with Aldern that the debate over what counts as "original," "natural," or "fake" never takes place on a level playing field. For example, Aldern is right to note the power inherent in the work that the word "spontaneous" does: it glosses over the non-spontaneous work of Native Americans in the historical creation and management of ecosystems, and Native Americans rarely have the power to fight this representation effectively. I might respond that it is equally dangerous to represent Native Americans as "natural" stewards of the land, as restorationists often do. I strongly disagree that "restoration necessarily entails" any set of assumptions about Native Americans. Adopting a static conception of Native American societies as natural stewards of the land does not do justice to the complexity of current Native American struggles. It is also possible, following Vale (1998), to argue that ecological processes in much of the western part of the continent were not significantly altered by Native American activity. The purpose of discussing Borges was to caution against precisely this kind of uncritical use of binary opposites: when the binary Native/European is linked to the binary nature/culture, arguments based on this linkage can easily be overturned by more sophisticated distinctions in works such as Vale's. Restorationists are in a fantastic position to recognize the unequal power relations among people who argue about what is "natural." The very fact that decisions about restoration are often embedded within the highly unequal social relations of capitalism (as celebrated in a very unfortunate way by Clewell [2000]) makes this obvious. We face these power relations every day, in the compromises we must make to the design of restoration sites, in the resolution of arguments over the "original" condition of a site, and in the very degradation of the sites we are asked to restore. We are faced with the power of unequal social relations in much more direct and unconcealed ways than practitioners of laboratory sciences, and my discussion of Borges was, in part, an invitation to think more carefully about our own participation in power-laden situations. My thanks to Aldern for bringing this point to the fore. Morgan M. Robertson


Recent study has shown great interest in the existence of center for planar differential systems. Sufficient conditions have been given for a critical point of some polynomial systems to be a center. However, it is challenging to generalize these results to higher-order or non-polynomial systems by traditional methods. In this paper, we tackle the problem by studying the equivalence of differential systems using the Mironenko's method. Our method includes the construction of RFintegrals for the rational differential equations, we give some new criterions for two differential equations to be equivalent. Applying these results to the study of center of planar differential systems, we generalize the conclusions made in existing literature for a specific polynomial system to a wide range of higher-order polynomial or non-polynomial systems.


Energy production in mitochondria is a multistep process that requires coordination of several subsystems. While reversible phosphorylation is emerging as the principal tool, it is still unclear how this signal network senses the workloads of processes as different as fuel procurement, catabolism in the Krebs cycle, and stepwise oxidation of reducing equivalents in the electron transfer chain. We previously proposed that mitochondria use oxidized cytochrome c in concert with retinol to activate protein kinase Cδ, thereby linking a prominent kinase network to the redox balance of the ETC. Here, we show that activation of PKC∊ in mitochondria also requires retinol as a cofactor, implying a redox‐mechanism. Whereas activated PKCδ transmits a stimulatory signal to the pyruvate dehdyrogenase complex (PDHC), PKC∊ opposes this signal and inhibits the PDHC. Our results suggest that the balance between PKCδ and ∊ is of paramount importance not only for flux of fuel entering the Krebs cycle but for overall energy homeostasis. We observed that the synthetic retinoid fenretinide substituted for the retinol cofactor function but, on chronic use, distorted this signal balance, leading to predominance of PKC∊ over PKCδ. The suppression of the PDHC might explain the proapoptotic effect of fenretinide on tumor cells, as well as the diminished adiposity observed in experimental animals and humans. Furthermore, a disturbed balance between PKCδ and PKC∊ might underlie the injury inflicted on the ischemic myocardium during reperfusion.—Gong, J., Hoyos, B., Acin‐Perez, R., Vinogradov, V., Shabrova, E., Zhao, F., Leitges, M., Fischman, D., Manfredi, G., Hammerling, U. Two protein kinase C isoforms, δ and ∊, regulate energy homeostasis in mitochondria by transmitting opposing signals to the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex. FASEB J. 26, 3537–3549 (2012). www.fasebj.org


In vitro fertilization has been developed to overcome reduced fertility, which is increasingly due to a decline in reproductive cell quality during aging. Here, we quantitatively investigated the interplay between superovulation and aging in mouse oocytes and their paired granulosa cells using newly adapted isolation techniques. We tested the hypothesis that superovulation disrupts oocyte maturation, revealing the key intercellular communication pathways dysregulated by forced hormonal stimulation. We further demonstrated that granulosa cell transcriptional markers can prospectively predict an associated oocyte's early developmental potential. By using naturally ovulated old mice as a non-stimulated reference, we showed that aging and superovulation dysregulate similar genes and interact with each other. By comparing mice and human transcriptional responses of granulosa cells, we found that age-related dysregulation of hormonal responses and cell cycle pathways was shared, though substantial divergence exists in other pathways. Highlights Superovulation perturbs cumulus-oocyte communication Granulosa cell transcription predicts superovulated oocyte quality Superovulation and aging non-additively perturb similar sets of genes


The neural network controller of a high-power electro-hydraulic system with strong nonlinearity and time-variation was studied.A fuzzy system was designed to adjust the learning rate and momentum of the neural network controller according to error and rate change of error,and the learning performance of the neural network controller was improved.The designed neural network controller was applied to a high-power electro-hydraulic servo system,and results of static and dynamic performance showed its validity.


Sixty-minute, constant-intensity simulated rains were applied to seven infiltration treatments designed to evaluate the influence of stripping and compaction on home lawns. Three treatments simulated home lawn construction practices. The control treatment was undisturbed, the "stripped" treatment had the topsoil removed and replaced, and the "compacted" treatment had the topsoil removed, the exposed surface compacted and the topsoil replaced. All plots were rototilled and raked before sodding to establish the grass. In addition, stripped and compacted treatments were identified and tested on a 6- and a 12-year-old lawn. All treatments were replicated six times.


To constitute a high speed data gathering system,not only high speed A/D converters and memory are needed,but also some special control methods are needed to be adopted to transmit and store the gathered data speedly.After analysing the characteristics of existing data gathering systems,based on analysing the structure and function of ADSP2106X and the work modes and application chara-cteristics of its external port DMA channels,the method to constitute a high speed data gathering system using the external shake hands mode of its external port DMA channels is expounded.The experimental result demonstrate that the data gathering system constituted by this method has high speed for data gathering,and the circuit can work rightly and reliably.


Unlike e.g. low cost air travel, regional aviation is only scarcely featured in the transportation research literature. This paper reflects and discusses the development, connectivity impact, and potential outlook of intra-European regional air services from Germany. First, we employ air transport supply data to illustrate the general decline of this market segment in the past 15 years and resulting connectivity losses for selected airports and regions. Second, we discuss potential drivers behind the observed trend, as well as possible starting points for a revitalization of regional air links, which could – at the same time – also help improving regional connectivity and the utilization (and financials) of small airports. We close the paper with a simple but straightforward exercise to quantify the demand potential for new, nonstop regional air services from Germany based on empirical indirect passenger flow data. From today's perspective, we identify a potential for 313 new routes with a potential for 2.2 million passengers.


Background: Several studies suggest that influenza vaccination may be associated with a decreased risk of acute cardiovascular events. We examined the association between influenza vaccination and risk of incident myocardial infarction (MI) in persons at least 65 years of age in a population-based case-control study. Methods: Case subjects were members of Group Health Cooperative (GHC), a health maintenance organization, with incident MI during 1992-1998. Control subjects were GHC members without a history of MI who were frequency matched to case subjects by age, sex, calendar year, and presence of treated hypertension. The medical records of 750 case subjects with MI and 1735 controls were reviewed. Results: Receipt of influenza vaccine was not associated with risk of incident MI during the months of November through March (odds ratio [OR]: 0.97, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.75-1.27) or April through September (OR: 0.97, 95% CI 0.75-1.26). Conclusions: This study does not provide evidence supporting an association of influenza vaccination and reduction in risk of myocardial infarction. The findings and conclusions in this paper are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.


The paper examines three forms of budgetary rule applied to the food stamp program — discretion, entitlement, and expenditure caps. The different budget rules are modeled with respect to their reversion point, the outcome that prevails by default if no cooperative agreement is reached. Hypotheses concerning budgetary politics and policy are derived from the models and tested using historical data from one arena over time. The case study is relevant to the broader problem of welfare spending. The dilemma is how to reconcile budget protection needed for the impoverished against the fragmentation and fluctuations of routine political conflict, and budget integration needed for democratic deliberation regarding the multiple tasks of government. Entitlement status insures program benefits for qualifying households, but it also carves off a portion of total outlays declared to be relatively uncontrollable, outside of the annual mechanisms of review and adjustment. Discretionary budgeting, by contrast, incorporates welfare within ordinary collective decision-making that establishes priorities across competing claimants for public funds, but it also risks making the poor in society victims of their own vulnerability. Expenditure caps have recently been proposed as a solution to the dilemma, allowing outlays to grow automatically up to a given threshold but requiring conscious choice if they threaten to breach the threshold. Caps are celebrated by proponents as an instrument fostering enhanced managerial oversight and reasonable expenditure control. This study of the food stamp program, however, reveals that caps are more likely to engender procedural complexities and substantive policy bias. Moreover, these are logical and foreseeable results, easily deduced from the models of budgetary rule.


The unmanned aerial vehicle created on the base of a quadcopter with the ability to control the thrust vector for each motor will have an advantage compared to the same vehicle without this option. This advantage reaches due to the possibility to create moving forces and reactions on the external excitations, without a pitch and roll angles of the whole body. With the help of a controlled thrust vector, unmanned aerial vehicles can move in space with a completely horizontal position. The horizontal position of a body allows minimizing aerodynamic impact during maneuvering. However, to control this system, it is necessary to take into account a lot of parameters and dependencies, so there are many ways to drive such a vehicle. In this article, we describe our approach to control the thrust vector for each motor.


Approximately 12 million persons are enrolled in this nation's colleges and universities. The majority of these students fall within the 18-to 22-year cohort and are often in a position, for the first time in their lives, to make frequent and unsupervised health-related decisions. Since these young adults will continue to make these decisions for the duration of their college careers, the probability that their lifestyles are at least formulated, if not established, during this time is great. The potential impact, then, of health instruction at such an opportune time for the development and maintenance of sound health behaviors is perhaps unprecedented. This article describes the need for research on the health status of members of this cohort, reviews selected research that focuses on health instruction and university students, and provides suggestions for the design offuture research.


Transfusion therapy is frequent in patients with Sickle-cell disease (SCD). Automated red blood cell exchange (RBCX) can be used to manage acute and chronic complications of SCD. Advantages of RBCX versus simple red blood cell transfusions include less iron and volume overload. It consists of an isovolumetric transfusion that decreases HbS to a predefined level without increasing the hematocrit, which is important to avoid hyperviscosity, that can aggravate the symptoms.


Remote Maintenance in collaborative manufacturing provides a lot of benefits such as reduced downtime in manufacturing operations. But at the same time, it increases the attack-surface by opening new attack paths to strictly controlled network zones. In this paper, we analyse a real-world cross-organizational remote maintenance scenario by collecting security requirements (e.g., authentication, authorization, and auditability), and present a workflow-based approach to model and formally enforce access control for that scenario. The proposed approach leverages the Workflow-Driven Security Framework (WDSF) to enforce the least privilege principle; to ensure workflow integrity and separation of duties, (i.e., business process enforcement and compliance); to protect the confidentiality and integrity of sensitive information; and to provide traceability and non-repudiation in case of root-cause analysis. The WDSF uses Petri Nets (PN) to model and enforce the workflow, and blockchain and smart contracts to guarantee accountability and traceability of workflow events. The Petri Nets workflows are modelled and validated using the WoPeD tool.


The invention relates to a 2-cyano pyrrolidine compound, and a preparation method and application thereof. The structural formula of the 2-cyano pyrrolidine compound is shown as formula I in the specification, wherein X is one of carbon, nitrogen, oxygen and sulphur; R is one of benzene ring, substituted benzene ring, alkyl and heterocyclic ring. The preparation method comprises the following steps: condensing glycine and different substituted aldehyde as the initial materials; hydrolyzing; condensing to obtain a 2-cyano pyrrolidine dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitor for preparing an antidiabetic medicine.


1. The State and the Politics of Knowledge M. W. Apple 2. Becoming Right: Education and the Formation of Conservative Movements M. W. Apple & A. Oliver 3. Reading Polynesian Barbie: Iterations of Race, Nation and State H. Tavares 4. Rethinking the Education/ State Formation Connection: The State, Cultural Struggles, and Changing the School T. Wong & M. W. Apple 5. What Happened to Social Democratic Progressivism in Scandinavia? Restructuring Education in Sweden and Norway in the 1990s P. Aasen 6. Schooling, Work and Subjectivity M. Cho and M. W. Apple 7. Education the State, Democratizing Knowledge: The Citizen School Project in Porto Alegre, Brazil L. Gandin & M. W. Apple 9. Afterword M. W. Apple


OBJECTIVE
Minimally invasive directed parathyroidectomy has replaced conventional surgical techniques aimed at exploring all four glands in the bilateral neck. These changes have created the need for better preoperative imaging localization techniques. In this article, we describe the CT imaging characteristics of surgically confirmed adenomas and review anatomy and embryology to aid the radiologist in successfully identifying adenomas using contrast-enhanced CT.

CONCLUSION
Knowledge of normal CT appearance, contrast enhancement, and expected location are critical to correct interpretation of parathyroid adenoma at CT.


Chemistry: introduction discovery natural occurrence artificial occurrence isotops and isomers some fundamentals of technetium chemistry analytical chemistry uses of Technetium-99 technetium metal binary compounds and oxide halides oxotechnetates complex chemistry of Technetium-99. Radiopharmaceuticals: introduction generation of 99mTc imaging of organs synthesis aspects and requirements kits synthesis, structure, and development summary of 99mTc radiopharmaceuticals. Appendix: acronyms and abbreviations used in Parts A and B.


A cyanobacterial isolate recovered from Lake Ogletree, the principal drinking water supply for the city of Auburn, Alabama (USA) was identified as Anabaena sp. The isolate was shown to produce the most common off‐flavor compound, geosmin.


The main purpose of this study was to analyze the relation between the perception of justice in the academic environment and aspects related to the academic dishonesty of Accounting undergraduate students. The study sample consisted of 451 respondents by the survey method. The research findings show that the three dimensions of academic justice presented statistically significance, influencing academic dishonesty. When students perceive distributive, procedural, and interactional injustice, they tend, in average, to practice dishonest attitudes. The results suggest that the practice of academic dishonesty may be a way that students use to compensate the injustice perceived in the educational environment. Therefore, in the presence of injustice, dishonesty tends to be manifested.  In other words, dishonesty can be the "student's justice" to alleviate distributional, procedural, and interactional injustice


This paper describes a set of discrete control techniques of a DC motor using Scilab and XCOS as a free software alternative. The set of experiences proposed is being used in the practices of the subjects taught by the Systems Engineering and Automation Area and the Department of Architecture and Computer Technology of the University of Granada with satisfactory results.


Digital marketing is experiencing a rapid growth in the present era, as we all are heading towards a digital world. People have started to become completely involved in digital things, which have slowly made them interact with digital marketing. So here arises a question: is it possible to do marketing in this digital world by knowing the user interest? Yes, if we get to know more about the user behavior towards digital marketing we can easily understand user interest and this is achieved with the help of "Recommendation Systems in machine learning". All of us are familiar with the term recommendation system. It is a system that filters information in order to predict the rating or interest we have in an item. In this paper, we are going to analyze how the machine learning algorithm helps in the implementation of recommendation systems and here we are choosing collaborative filtering (CF) as a type of recommendation system to study the working of ML algorithms. Also, here we will have an overview about the role of CF in E-commerce and the advantages provided by CF. Lastly in this paper we will be discussing the challenges faced by Collaborative Filtering (CF) and how we can solve these challenges.


In searching through the Bodleian last April for debates in the House of Commons during the period of the sixteentwenties, I came across a volume of debates in the House of Lords. My attention was attracted by the subject-matter, for the volume was taken up almost entirely with the Lords' discussion of the Petition of Right during the month of May, 1628. The more I read, the more I was impressed with the amount of information on that important subject added by these notes. From the handwriting, the notes were easily identified as those of Henry Elsing, Clerk of the Parliaments. Then I remembered that earlier in the winter, in going over manuscript material in the Petyt Collection, I had there noted two volumes of debates in the House of Lords. Upon a comparison of handwriting, I found that those volumes were also the work of Henry Elsing. One of the volumes was for 1621, but the other covered the session of 1628 from the beginning to the point where the Bodleian volume begins. Here was more material on the Petition of Right. But for the time being my interest swerved from that particular subject to a more general consideration of the value of my discoveries, and to the possibility it opened up of carrying on a work of editing begun by Samuel Rawson Gardiner.


This article discusses the effects of a gluten-free diet on the human body suffering from various diseases (celiac disease, autism, allergies). The article highlights both the positive and negative effects of a gluten-free diet on the human body. In addition, the article provides a brief overview of gluten-free food technologies (confectionery, bakery products).


This is a good research article where the authors present the results of the validated hydrodynamic model (the 3-D SHYFEM) applied to the Curonian Lagoon to simulate the circulation patterns for ten years (2004-2013), forced by river runoff, wind and Baltic Sea level fluctuations. The main results are well explained briefly in the abstract – and later explained in further detail in Section 4 (Discussion and conclusions). Two main mechanics under wind forcing were identified (exchange with Baltic Sea, and internal mixing within the lagoon). The effect of the Nemunas River is discussed: a low effect on the internal water circulation but a strong influence of the river forcing on the water renewal time (WRT). The WRT at different seasons is compared, and the authors showed a low WRT in spring close to the Nemunas outflow and a high WRT in summer


Background This study investigated the association between serum N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide (NT-pro-BNP) levels and extracellular water (ECW%) and left ventricular (LV) dysfunction in continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) patients. Methods The study involved 30 stable CAPD patients: 14 males, 16 females; mean age 52 ± 14 years; mean CAPD duration 34 ± 12 months; 12 with diabetes mellitus (DM) and 18 non-DM. Serum NT-pro-BNP levels were determined using electrochemiluminescence immunoassay. Baseline echocardiography was performed using a Hewlett-Packard Sonos 1000 (Andover, Massachusetts, USA) device equipped with a 2.25-MHz probe, allowing M-mode, two-dimensional, and pulsed Doppler measurements. Left ventricular mass index (LVMI) was calculated according to the Penn formula. A multifrequency bioimpedance analyzer was used; ECW% was calculated as a percentage of total body water and was considered the index of volume load. Results (1) Serum NT-pro-BNP level, ECW%, LVMI, and LV ejection fraction in CAPD patients were 3924 (240 – 74460) pg/mL, 36.7% ± 2.2%, 158 ± 48 g/m2, and 60.5% ± 11.2%, respectively. (2) Patients were divided into three tertiles (10 patients each) according to their serum NT-pro-BNP concentration [1st tertile 1168 (240 – 2096), 2nd tertile 4856 (2295 – 20088), 3rd tertile 35012 (20539 – 74460) pg/mL]. The tertiles did not differ significantly in terms of age, sex, presence of DM, body mass index, or PD duration. Patients in the 3rd tertile (highest serum NT-pro-BNP concentration) had the highest LVMI (126 ± 45 vs 160 ± 41 vs 200 ± 23 g/m2 for 1st, 2nd, 3rd tertiles, respectively) and the lowest LV ejection fraction (66% ± 11% vs 62% ± 6% vs 55% ± 9%). ECW% did not differ significantly between tertiles (35.5% ± 2.0% vs 37.5% ± 2.0% vs 36.5% ± 2.0%). (3) In CAPD patients, serum NT-pro-BNP levels correlated positively with LVMI (r = 0.628, p = 0.003) and negatively with LV ejection fraction (r = –0.479, p = 0.033). Serum NT-pro-BNP levels did not correlate with ECW% (r = 0.227, p = 0.25). (4) Stepwise regression analysis showed that LV ejection fraction (b = -0.610, p = 0.015) and LVMI (b = 0.415, p = 0.007) were independently associated with the serum NT-pro-BNP concentration. Conclusions There was no link between ECW% and serum NT-pro-BNP concentration. Thus, serum NT-pro-BNP levels may not provide objective information with respect to pure hydration status in CAPD patients. In contrast, serum NT-pro-BNP levels were linked to LVMI and LV ejection fraction in CAPD patients. Therefore, while the serum NT-pro-BNP concentration might not be a useful clinical marker for extracellular fluid volume load, it appears useful for evaluating LV hypertrophy and LV dysfunction in CAPD patients.


To date, four different myosin heavy chain (MyHC) isoforms have been identified in adult skeletal muscle of a number of species: types I, IIa, IIx or IId, and IIb. The aim of this study was to investigate the distribution of various MyHC isoforms in the equine gluteus medius and gluteus profundus muscles in relation with several morphometric variables of muscle fibers.


Relative Performance Evaluation is a widely studies topic in the theoretical and analytical literature. Also the empirical literature addresses this topic, with its main focus on executive compensation, and using archival data. This study assesses the of RPE in the performance evaluation of business unit managers. Survey data on 325 business unit managers indicate that RPE is used extensively. Also, the findings suggest that RPE improves the quality of the performance evaluation, reducing noise and risk in the performance contacts.


The first issue of the Radical Housing Journal focuses on practices and theories of organizing as connected to post-2008 housing struggles. As 2008 was the dawn of the subprime mortgage and financial crisis, and as the RHJ coalesced ten years later in its aftermath, we found this framing apropos. The 2008 crisis was, after all, a global event, constitutive of new routes and formations of global capital that in turn impacted cities, suburbs, and rural spaces alike in highly uneven, though often detrimental, ways. Attentive to this, we hoped to think through its globality and translocality by foregrounding "post-2008" as field of inquiry. What new modes of knowledge pertinent to the task of housing justice organizing could be gained by thinking 2008 through an array of geographies, producing new geographies of theory?


S U M M A R Y Gravity and height changes, reflecting magma accumulation in subsurface chambers, are evaluated using finite element models in order to resolve controversial relationships observed in some volcanic areas. When significant gravity changes occur without any significant deformation, or vice versa, it is often difficult, if not impossible, to jointly explain the observations using the popular Mogi model. Here, we explore whether these discrepancies can be explained by magma compressibility and source geometry effects. Compression of resident magma and expansion of the chamber wall act concurrently to accommodate newly added magma. Gravityheight ratios are found to mainly depend on: (i) geometry of the sources, which control the volume expansion of the chamber, (ii) magma compressibility, which affects the contraction of the magma resident in the chamber, and (iii) depth of the sources. Our numerical results show that, when magma compressibility and non-spherical sources are taken into account, significant gravity variations can, indeed, be successfully reconciled with negligible height changes. This may be the case at Etna volcano, where gravity changes (about 40 μGal) without any significant deformation (below 5 cm) were observed during the 1994–1995 inflation period. The numerical results point to the accumulation of a 1.4 × 1010 kg mass into an elongated source simulating a shallow storage region supplying the summit craters.


Inertial oscillations are unbalanced motions in the sea. They occur outside the coastal boundary layer during the geostrophic adjustment process. Inertial oscillations are observed in the ocean (Web ste r, 1968; G o n e Il a, 1971) as well as in semi-closed seas and lakes (B 1 a n t o n, 1975; Ver b er, 1966; M i Il o t, and C rep o n, 1981 etc.). Inertial oscillations are also generated in the upper water layers by temporal variations of the wind. The partitioning of the energy between geostrophic and inertial motions depends on winds duration (Le. when the momentum is added impulsively, up to 75% of the energy goes into inertial motions). Inertial oscillations are almost exclusively oonfined to the internal modes of the stratifed ocean (Ver o n i s, 1956). M i Il o t and C rep o n (1981) showed that most of the features of the observed inertial oscillations in the Gulf of Lions could be reproduced by a simple two-Iayer transient model. There has been only one report of the existence of inertial oscil1ations in the Adriatic (G ac ic, 1980), probably because most long-term current measurements have been associated with different pollution projects and made in the ne ar-shore 30ne i.e. ins ide the coastal boundary layer where the signal at the inertial frequency is very weak.


Reviewer "B" Summary: This paper reports the results of an algorithm that builds naturally on earlier ones developed by Marshak, Chiu, and others for retrieving cloud optical depth from two-channel (visible and near infrared) downwelling radiance measurements. Here, the goal of the algorithm enhancements is to reduce retrieval error when ice particles, as well as liquid particles, contribute to the downwelling radiances.


To improve instruction quality and school running benefit in higher education institutes in a round way is the primary objective of instruction evaluation.Therefore,we must accurately locate the traits of higher education quality,enhance our understanding of evaluation objectives and methods,establish an effective system of improving education quality.The undertaking of undergraduate instruction evaluation in our current HEIs has begun to become effective.At present,in order to promote instruction evaluation and the healthy development of higher education,we must further our research and carry out evaluation according to levels and catergories,develop evaluation technology, build up evaluation database,lower the implicit cost of evaluation,carry out management counsultation in evaluation,cope with the conflicts triggered by the intrinsic defect of evaluation.


The modification recently developed for polyethylene, based on the thermolysis of peroxyketals and peroxy esters in the molten polymer, was applied to atactic and isotactic polypropylene. The grafting of an ester function onto the backbone of these polyolefins was much less efficient in this case than for the former. The thermal decomposition of such peroxides in polyethylene and isotactic and atactic polypropylenes was analyzed by DSC. These studies showed that the physical state of the polyolefin cannot account for the difference encountered in the functionalization yields. The analysis of the reaction products, generated in the thermolysis of a cyclic peroxy ketal, was realized on the extracts by GC and on the bulk by 1H NMR and DOSY spectroscopies. This led one to conclude that the difference in efficiencies in the chemical modification of the various polyolefins is related to the chemical reactivity of the hydrogens toward 1,1-dimethylethyloxy radicals. Surprisingly, it was found that hydrogen abstra...


Crowning achievement: Two homochiral crown ether clathrates were synthesized which undergo high-temperature reversible phase transition. In addition, second harmonic generation (SHG) responses and abnormal dielectric property further confirm the reversible phase transitions and symmetry breaking behaviors of the structures.


PH.260.601. Vector-Borne Disease Control. 3 Credits. Addresses various vector-borne disease control strategies that target any of the complex interactions between the pathogen, vector and host. Emphasizes on malaria, dengue and other arboviral diseases, as well as Chagas, leishmaniasis and schistosomiasis. Discusses some examples of control strategies such as current and future prophylactic, therapeutic and transmission-blocking vaccines and drugs, vector control, and vectortargeted pathogen transmission control. Addresses interactions between control methods and factors that influence efficacy. Course location and modality is found on the JHSPH website (https:// www.jhsph.edu/courses/).


It is one of the most important goals that trains Literacy of Students in Primary and secondary school duiring the new Curriculum Reform on basic Education.It is not an overnight thing that trains Information Literacy.Information Technology Education is Compulsory subject of basic Education in China,.During that Period,we have two-pronged approch:the first one is to train Information Literacy of Students in classroon;the second one is to permeate into Comprehensive practical activities and other subjects with training of Information Literacy


Addresses the application of recursive filters in adaptive signal filtering. Simulations are performed, of the adaptive enhancement of sinusoidal signals embedded in white Gaussian noise, based on LMS algorithm. A digital version of Tellengen's theorem is used to evaluate the exact instantaneous gradient for parameter updates. The feasibility of implementing IIR-LMS filtering is being studied, and instability is found to be the major problem. The linear gradient approximation is shown to be a satisfactory method, offering stability and simplicity in computation. It is also decided that a second order recursive filter is the suitable form for this application. >


This paper introduces a novel data management platform for time-stamping, cleaning and organizing State Estimation (SE) data making it accessible to any computer application through a uniquely defined interface. The platform defines all necessary steps for fetching, cleaning, time-stamping and synchronizing available SE data. The use of the data management platform is illustrated by connecting NETSSWorks, an AC OPF-based adaptive-optimization software. In a complex multi-objective environment, it is crucial to define an adaptive data-driven optimization, capable of choosing an objective function based on the system conditions as well as being able to optimize voltage set points and observe voltage and reactive power constraints. Besides being used in optimization, the time-synchronized data is also used for identifying the manner in which the transmission grid is currently operated and then further compared to our optimal dispatch in order to highlight the benefits of adaptive AC OPF optimization. This data-driven framework with adaptive optimization has been deployed at New York Power Authority (NYPA) since July 2015. In this paper, the data used for demonstration is a two-week set of NYPA SE data in 30-minute intervals.


SEVERAL years ago, tetradymite was found two miles south of Bradshaw Oity, Yavapai Oounty, Arizona. It occurs in crystalline masses, implanted in imperfectly crystallized, slightly ferruginous quartz, associated with pyrite. A few imperfect bladed crystals are visible suggesting an orthorhombic form, combination of the prism and brachypinacoid, with cleavage highly perfect brachydiagonal. Mostly in bladt;ld crystalline masses, the largest blade in my specimens over 30mm long and 6mm broad. Some of the crystals, partly altered into a brownish white, amorphous substance, probably montanite, with a nucleus of tetrad'ymite. After subtracting 15-6 per cent of quartz and 1'8 per cent of ferric oxide, the analysis gave:


This paper presents a novel method for the zone design problem that is based on a popular technique in the field of complex networks research: betweenness centrality. We use a parallel version of a community detection algorithm that outputs the graph partitioning that maximizes the so‐called modularity metric. The method is put at the centre of an effort to build an open source interactive high  erformance computing platform to assist researchers working with population data.


In this paper, a method for detecting the shape and position of object embeded in a conductive closed-domain with the acousto-electrical tomography is presented. Due to the difference of conductivity between the inclusion and the background material, we create a forward model to obtain the spatial potnetial distribution in the entire domain. Then, with the Levenberg-Marquardt algorithm the conductivity distribution is reconstructed by applying in the spatial potential distribution. A two-dimensional example is illustrated. Numerical results show that the shape and location of object in the domain can be clearly reconstructed.


New nucleoside antibiotics, dapiramicins A and B produced by a Micromonospora sp. SF-1917, have been isolated by column chromatography on Diaion HP-20 and silica gel. Physico-chemical properties suggested that they are disaccharide nucleosides. Dapiramicin A underwent epimerization, under acidic condition, into epidapiramicin A. Although dapiramicin A generally exhibits no in vitro activity, it is very effective against the sheath blight of rice plants caused by Rhizoctonia solani in a green house test.


A prominent specialist on economic developments in the former Soviet Union and Central and Eastern European (CEE) countries examines the ways in which the global financial crisis of 2008-2010 has impacted the economies of the 10 new eastern member states of the European Union (CEE-10). The author assesses the multiple preconditions of the crisis (e.g., excessive current account deficits, large foreign debt, inadequate currency reserves, immense credit expansion, rising inflation and real estate prices) as well as the rapid financial adjustments that had to be undertaken to overcome it (e.g., current account rebalancing, reducing budget deficits, pension and fiscal reform). He devotes considerable attention to the key issue of how the differences in exchange rate policies in these countries affected their abilities to respond to the crisis and outlines measures that should be implemented to enhance the crisis management capability of non-eurozone states relying on currency boards or floating exchange rates.


A variable-gap (graded) heterostructure based on a p-type AlxGa1–xAs solid solution was used in a laser pumped transversely by an electron beam. The structure consisted of an AlxGa1–xAs (x≈0.2) buffer layer on a GaAs substrate, an active GaAs layer, and a solid-solution layer of variable composition ( 0.1 x 0.3) with the band gap increasing toward the surface. A method was developed for fabricating one layer by forced cooling of a saturated Ga–Al–As molten solution, containing Si as a p-type impurity present in a concentration [p] = (3–5)×1017 cm−3, and the other layers by isothermal mixing of two solutions characterized by different Al concentrations. A study was made of the parameters of the finished lasers operating at T = 300 K.


Singapore is taking up challenges of creating a 21st-century education system in a unique tripartite partnership between the Ministry of Education(MOE), the National Institute of Education(NIE) and the local schools. This study aims to explore Singapore''s reform of physical education(PE) syllabus and PE teacher training in such a tight and strong partnership. As compared with 2006 PE syllabus, the recently reformed 2014 PE syllabus looks like that ''Fundamental Movements'' has been replaced with ''Motor Skills and Concepts Framework'' and that ''Outdoor Education'' has been added. However, in the backdrop of these changes are the cooperation of MOE PE, Sports and Outdoor Education Branch, Arts Education Branch, PE and Sports Teachers Academy, the National Institute of Education and the local schools. In order to enhance PE teacher training, MOE establishes and implements sound PE policies and initiatives, NIE strives to train excellent PE teachers, and local schools provide a good environment for student-teachers to perform well in the teaching practice. Singapore''s close tripartite partnership allows research to inform and contribute to PE policies and initiatives and makes it possible for PE policies and initiatives to be translated and implemented seamlessly into local schools.


Objectives:This study aimed to examine barriers in seeking help for gambling problems. Methods:A random digit dialing telephone survey was conducted among adults in Ontario, Canada. Respondents meeting criteria for possible past year gambling problems were asked an open-ended question on why they might hesitate once they had decided to seek help. Results:Of 556 eligible respondents, 47% asserted they would not hesitate to seek help. The most frequently identified possible reasons for hesitation were shame, difficulty acknowledging the problem, and treatment-related issues. Younger gamblers and those with higher problem severity, self-perception of a gambling problem, and past treatment experience were more likely to volunteer shame and treatment-related issues. Gamblers with lower problem severity, no self-perception of a gambling problem, and no history of help seeking more frequently said they would not hesitate to seek help. However, among problem/pathological gamblers, 49% did not self-perceive even a moderate gambling problem; they were more likely than self-perceived problem gamblers in this high severity group to predict no hesitation. Conclusions:In addition to revealing perceived and objective factors that impede help seeking for gambling problems, the identification of possible barriers may indicate, among some disordered gamblers, awareness of gambling problems and consideration given to possible actions. Both tackling barriers and enhancing problem awareness are necessary components of strategies to provide accessible and timely assistance to those with gambling problems.


Objective To study the new processing technique of pancreatin from swine pancreas. Methods Used 7.5% isopropyl alcohol as extracting solvents; added 0.2% CaCl 2 + 1% pancreatin as protecting agents; regulated pH 6.5~7.0 with NaHCO 3; extracting time 3 h. Results Under optimum conditions, pancreatin with high activity and yield was obtained. The activities of trypsin, lipase and amylopsin were over 5 200 u/g, 57 300 u/g and 37 000 u/g respectively, and the yield was 10%~12%. Conclusion It is a simple and time saving technique for the preparation of pancreatin with high purity, high activity and high yield.


"Honour-killings" are the intentional execution of women who are perceived to have disrespected their families; in Nepal this is frequently considered socially acceptable while the United Nations condemns them as arbitrary executions that violate the right to life. In Nepal, "honour-killing" is typically a caste-based hate crime which is not limited to women as there have been reports of male victims as well. The perpetrators are sentenced to life imprisonment for murder, with the perpetrator serving 25 years. Pride-killing is common in the animal kingdom, but there is no logic in killing a family member to maintain family pride in a civilised human society.


The purpose of this paper is to describe the measurement and metrology from the measurement units point of wiev. Metrology is one of the first areas in which a broad international cooperation is established. There are a number of organizations today, whose ultimate goal is the establishment and maintenance of measuring unity in the world. The basis for this is an internationally accepted system of measuring units (SI). The paper contains a brief history of the development of the current and the conception of a new system of units, whose adoption is expected in 2018.


High temperature oxidation testing was carried out on hot-pressed ZrB2-SiC-graphite composite by using high electric current heating. The composites oxidation behavior was investigated, the temperature of oxidized specimens was above 2000°C. The results found that the UHTC composite was ruptured at oxidized temperature 2055°C. The microstructure of surface and cross-section of posttest samples were investigated by scanning electron microscopy along with energy and X-ray diffraction. The failure mechanism of rupture was also discussed.


Substation is the main part of electric system operation.In the process of substation construction,the notion of green building should be presented-saving resources as much as possible during its whole life cycle,protecting environment and reducing pollution to provide a healthy,comfortable and high-efficient space for people,finally realizing harmonious coexisting of buildings and nature.The present paper probes into the notion of green buildings,practical meaning of popularizing it,the relationship between green buildings and substation site selection and the plant structure of substation..


Lithium rich compounds represent a promising cathode material of Li-ion accumulators due to their valuable electrochemical properties and represent cathode material of the next generation high-performance lithium-ion batteries.2,3 These compounds are of great interest mostly because of the high capacity exceeding 250 mAh g-1. However, a number of disadvantages, such as voltage drop caused by unwanted phase transformations during cycling, as well as low operational performances still limit their application. Improved cycling stability can be achieved by cathode materials doping (modification). Regarding costs and raw materials, Fe-Mn-based systems are economically attractive cathodes for LIB containing Fe as a cheap promising alternative to commercial LiCoO2 and LiMn2O4.


In long term evolution (LTE) network, the inhomogeneity of traffic distribution results in local network congestion and waste of resource. Mobility load balancing (MLB) is introduced to solve the problem and improve the efficiency of resource utilization. But application of MLB and the mobility robustness optimization (MRO) of systems are bound to influence each other. A MLB algorithm based on handover optimization (HO) has been proposed in the paper to prevent ping-pong effect. The selection of cell-edge users for handover is been taken into the consideration in the algorithm and average throughput has an almost 20% improvement. A simulation has been executed in the last of the paper and the algorithm is proved feasible.


The objective of this study is to observe the thermoelastic coupling effect in a monocrystalline Cu-Al-Be shape-memory alloy. The orientation of the austenite crystal is measured by Microfocus X-ray texture analysis. Uniaxial cyclic loading is applied to the specimen at room temperature. Infrared thermography is used to capture temperature fields on the specimen surface. The approach consists in analysing the cyclic temperature oscillation of points located on the surface of the specimen. The study highlights first the significant difference between the thermoelastic couplings in austenite and martensite. Second the anisotropy of both phases, especially the martensite, is evidenced.


This paper presents the simulation of path loss propagation models in LTE-Advanced Networks for suburban and rural areas. Calculations were done using MATLAB based simulation; for various prediction techniques such as Cost 231 Hata Model, Stanford University Interim (SUI) and Ericsson Model. The authors used to analyze the 1800MHz (1.8 GHZ) and 2600MHz (2.6 GHz) wideband channels which are operating bands for Malaysian 4G companies. Results show almost 60dB gap between using COST231 and SUI; and 20dB gap is achieved among COST231 and Ericsson models. The effectiveness of Stanford University Interim Model is also discussed.


Abstract Growth rate estimates were obtained for elephantfish using length‐frequency and tag‐recapture data from the east coast of South Island during 1966–88. Elephantfish hatch from egg cases at about 10 cm fork length (FL) during May‐July. Females grow faster than males after their first year and growth is fastest in summer. In 1966–68, elephantfish in Pegasus Bay grew faster than in Canterbury Bight, resulting in modal length differences that were maintained for the first 3 years of life. This suggests there are at least two distinct juvenile nurseries. Maximum observed lengths were 76 cm FL for males and 97 cm FL for females. Length‐frequency analyses identified 5–8 male age classes and 8–9 female age classes, but longevity probably exceeds these values. Growth rates of 0+ elephantfish in Pegasus Bay in 1983—84 and Canterbury Bight in 1988 were 33–56% greater than in 1966–68. The faster growth rate meant male age at maturity was 4+ in the 1960s and 2+ to 3+ in the 1980s. If female length at maturity ...


In this article I examine the influence of cartography on two Chinese Song dynasty (960-1279 CE) landscape paintings: the Changjiang wan li tu (panoramic view of the Changjiang) and the Shu chuan shenggai (beautiful scenery along the Changjiang in Sichuan). Western readers may be more familiar with the Changjiang as the Yangtze River. In addition to discussion of their artists, dates, and nature, the cartographic elements depicted in these two paintings have also been examined in detail. Although there are still some uncertainties about the artists and dates of the two paintings, the evidence provided by the place names inscribed on these two scrolls indicates that the Changjiang wan li tu could not have been created before 1196 and that the Shu chuan shenggai could not have been painted earlier than 1208. The theme, content, and artistic style of these two Chinese landscape paintings and the history of the collections in which they were treasured through the centuries suggest that they would be more appr...