The inclusion of the governor droop and dead-band in dynamic models helps to reproduce the measured frequency response accurately and is a key aspect of model validation. Often, accurate and detailed turbine-governor information are not available for various units in an area control centre. The uncertainty in the droop also arise from the nonlinearity due to the governor valves. The droop and dead-band are required to tune the secondary frequency bias factors, and to determine the primary frequency reserve. Earlier research on droop estimation did not adequately take into account the effect of dead-band and other nonlinearities. In this paper, unscented Kalman filter is used in conjunction with continuously available measurements to estimate the governor droop and the dead-band width. The effectiveness of the approach is demonstrated through simulations.


Australian & New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry, 48(11) We find it troubling that in our outpatient clinic with a specific focus on screening, evaluating and referral to primary care physicians only 34% of the patients with MetS contacted their GP in continuation of their MetS diagnosis. However, the majority (87%) of the patients who contacted their primary physician did receive some kind of intervention. Future challenges include achieving improved collaboration between secondary and primary care clinicians in order to ensure appropriate transfer of information and to establish a suitable treatment plan, along with regular follow-up using multispecialty teams so as to attain the best possible outcomes. Funding


Fragments linger in our ears: the re-activation of older literary texts in the oeuvre of T.T. Cloete Robert Scholes defines the vocation of the lecturer of literature as a commitment "to help our students unlock textual powers", stressing the relation of the text to other texts. Scholes and N.P. van Wyk Louw use different metaphors for the concept of the entwinement o f literary texts. I identify (using Louw's metaphor) possible deviations implied by the text(s) of T.T. Cloete: reflection regarding the poet and the origin of the poem; the poet/Cloete functioning as "just another collection of (inter)-texts", by virtue of his erudition and inclusive procede; an implied personal and extended, international canon; the critical approach to the Afrikaans literature and the focus on the role of the reader via a Medieval text. My aim is to stress the efficacy of the poetry of Cloete to form a comprehensive curriculum.


In assessing the area under the ROC curve for the accuracy of a diagnostic test, it is imperative to detect and locate multiple abnormalities per image. This approach takes that into account by adopting a statistical model that allows for correlation between the reader scores of several regions of interest (ROI). The ROI method of partitioning the image is taken. The readers give a score to each ROI in the image and the statistical model takes into account the correlation between the scores of the ROI's of an image in estimating test accuracy. The test accuracy is given by Pr[Y > Z] + (1/2)Pr[Y = Z], where Y is an ordinal diagnostic measurement of an affected ROI, and Z is the diagnostic measurement of an unaffected ROI. This way of measuring test accuracy is equivalent to the area under the ROC curve. The parameters are the parameters of a multinomial distribution, then based on the multinomial distribution, a Bayesian method of inference is adopted for estimating the test accuracy. Using a multinomial model for the test results, a Bayesian method based on the predictive distribution of future diagnostic scores is employed to find the test accuracy. By resampling from the posterior distribution of the model parameters, samples from the posterior distribution of test accuracy are also generated. Using these samples, the posterior mean, standard deviation, and credible intervals are calculated in order to estimate the area under the ROC curve. This approach is illustrated by estimating the area under the ROC curve for a study of the diagnostic accuracy of magnetic resonance angiography for diagnosis of arterial atherosclerotic stenosis. A generalization to multiple readers and/or modalities is proposed. A Bayesian way to estimate test accuracy is easy to perform with standard software packages and has the advantage of employing the efficient inclusion of information from prior related imaging studies.


The iron-chromium alloy and its derivatives are widely used for their remarkable resistance to corrosion, which only occurs in a narrow concentration range around 9 to 13 atomic percent chromium. Although known to be due to chromium enrichment of a few atoms thick layer at the surfaces, the understanding of its complex atomistic origin has been a remaining challenge. We report an investigation of the thermodynamics of such surfaces at the atomic scale by means of Monte Carlo simulations. We use a Hamiltonian which provides a parameterization of previous ab initio results and successfully describes the alloy's unusual thermodynamics. We report a strong enrichment in Cr of the surfaces for low bulk concentrations, with a narrow optimum around 12 atomic percent chromium, beyond which the surface composition decreases drastically. This behavior is explained by a synergy between (i) the complex phase separation in the bulk alloy, (ii) local phase transitions that tune the layers closest to the surface to an iron-rich state and inhibit the bulk phase separation in this region, and (iii) its compensation by a strong and non-linear enrichment in Cr of the next few layers. Implications with respect to the design of prospective nanomaterials are briefly discussed.


The broad theme of this symposium was the movement towards flexible and agile assembly manufacturing. Topics discussed include: design for assembly and disassembly; assembly representation; assembly modelling; high volume; assembly impact on factory operations; and assembly cost evaluation.


BODY SHAPE DISSATISFACTION: PATTERNS OF CONCERN AMONG SUBGROUPS OF COLLEGE FRESHMEN WOMEN Kristina S. Withers Hansen Department of Counseling Psychology and Special Education Educational Specialist This study seeks to determine if there are patterns of differences according to college major in terms of the percentage of freshmen women who score in the clinically significant range on a measure of attitude toward body shape. Participants (N = 1,982) completed a demographic questionnaire and the Body Shape Questionnaire (BSQ) and were divided into subgroups according to their stated college major. Descriptive statistics regarding BSQ scores were calculated for the total sample and subgroups. Results indicated that a greater percentage of participants in Theater, Communications, Psychology, Dance, Business, and Dietetics majors scored within clinically significant ranges on the BSQ. Students in these majors may benefit from targeted intervention and prevention efforts to address possible body image dissatisfaction.


Total serum protein, hemoglobin and antioxidant system are essential to the body's physiological activities. Oral contraceptive pills influence the level of proteins of both types present in the blood; thus, it is found to change among pregnant women. Objectives: To scrutinize  oral contraceptive pills' effects (OCP) on total serum protein, hemoglobin and antioxidant capacity among females. Methods: The participants were divided into the experimental group (EG-60) and control group (CG,-24). 5 ml of blood was collected from each subject and marked with a different identification code. The collected blood samples were processed through laboratory protocols, and thus the targeted tests were performed to achieve the desired results. The results of tests were processed through a statistical package for social sciences (SPSS, version-26), and thus appropriate statistical tools were applied for analysis. Results: Total number of subjects in both groups were 84. Mean of CG in term of hemoglobin was 13.91 ±.92 and Mean of EG in term of hemoglobin was 14.18 ±.84. Mean of CG  in term of total serum protein was 6.75 ±.48 and  Mean of EG in term of total serum protein was 6.62 ±..31. Conclusion: Based on the analysis, the researcher concluded that contraceptive pills significantly affect total serum protein, hemoglobin and antioxidant capacity among females.


Description A platform to enable precise modifications of insulin could improve drug functionality The emergence of protein therapeutic drugs presents an opportunity for site-specific chemical modifications to improve their functionality. For example, insulin derivatives can provide pharmacokinetic benefits over native insulin for people with type 1 diabetes (1). Most new insulin analogs are produced by total chemical synthesis, and the long ad hoc approaches to add modifications impede scaling up production for future pharmaceutical applications (2). A systematic functionalization approach will facilitate access to new insulin derivatives with high efficiency and scalability. On page 1321 of this issue, Fryszkowska et al. (3) demonstrate that the three amino groups in insulin can be selectively modified to establish a complete combination of insulin analogs, providing a platform for functionalization that could be applied to other protein therapeutics.


An energy-balancing multicast routing algorithm is proposed for a WSN scenario,in which the sink node is probably far away from the monitoring area.This algorithm has two steps:in the first step,each node in the forwarding area contends for relaying packets by setting its timer according to its residual energy and the distance to the access point;in the second step,a multicasting tree rooting from access point is constructed among nodes in the multicast area,and nodes in this tree updating their parent nodes according to the residual energy of their parent candidates.


The energy spectrum and leptonic and radiative decay widths of the expected tt-bar and a possible higher resonance (b'b-bar') is calculated using the quantum-chromodynamic potential proposed earlier by the authors. A simplified model of the effective coupling constant is used without any free parameters. The energy difference between the ground and first excited states is found to be 0.6 GeV for psi/J, 0.56 GeV for UPSILON, 0.6 GeV for tt-bar with a mass of 30 GeV, and 0.9 GeV for b'b-bar' with a mass of 90 GeV.


This paper describes the properties of surface‐barrier photocells on silicon. In particular, data are given on photocurrent versus light intensity, photocurrent versus reverse bias voltage, open‐circuit photovoltage versus light intensity, open‐circuit photovoltage versus wavelength of light, open‐circuit photovoltage versus temperature, and photocurrent versus temperature. An interesting multiplication effect of optically excited carriers is observed at lower temperatures. The theory of the surface‐barrier photoeffect is further generalized.


This article re-examines Lawvere's abstract, category-theoretic proof of the fixed-point theorem whose contrapositive is a `universal' diagonal argument. The main result is that the necessary axioms for both the fixed-point theorem and the diagonal argument can be stripped back further, to a semantic analogue of a weak substructural logic lacking weakening or exchange.


The increasing energy demand and finite reserve for fossil fuel sources have led the humankind to rely on renewable energy sources. The availability of solar energy in large quantities and the increased environmental awareness among the users boosted its popularity. Grid integration of renewable source is preferred over the islanded mode of operation as there is no need for additional energy storage devices. This paper presents a proportional integral control based DC link voltage controller for grid-integrated domestic photovoltaic systems. Incremental Conductance method to extract maximum power from solar PV system, instantaneous pq theory based dual STF for fundamental component extraction, hysteresis current control method for generation of switching pulses to the inverter are the added features of this work. The grid integrated Solar PV system along with control features is modelled and simulated in MATLAB/Simulink platform. Numerical simulations are done for various system conditions. The results of the power flow study and harmonic analysis are reviewed and summarised.


ABSTRACT In many grassland ecosystems, nutrient cycling via plant litter is important for plant growth and persistence. Understanding dynamics of litter decomposition and nutrient release under diff erent management practices is critical to understanding nutrient cycling in grasslands, but this topic has received relatively little attention in C 4 grass pastures. Th e objective of this study was to determine the eff ects of grazing intensity (defi ned as postgraze stubble height, SH) and N fertilization on litter decomposition and N release in 'Tift on 85' bermudagrass ( Cynodon spp.) pastures. Th ree levels of SH (8, 16, 24 cm) were compared at the same interval between grazing events (28 d) and amount of N fertilization (250 kg N ha −1 yr −1 ). Th ree levels of N fertilization (50, 150, and 250 kg N ha −1 yr −1 ) were compared when SH (24 cm) and regrowth interval were constant (28 d). Loss of litter mass was most rapid early in the decomposition period. Pasture SH had no eff ect on decomposition of litter mass, but increasing N fertilization increased decomposition rate. Immobilization of litter N began almost immediately aft er placement in the fi eld regardless of treatment, did not reach its maximum for up to 60 d, and lasted more than 128 d for most treatments. Increasing SH and N fer-tilization increased N immobilization in plant litter. Nitrogen immobilization in bermudagrass litter occurs across a wide rang e of pasture management practices, impacting N availability for plant growth.


Ten dogs were selected for treatment of SC lipomas (n = 18) with intratumor injection of 10% calcium chloride. At 6-month follow-up, 4 tumors had regressed completely and 14 were less than 50% of their original size. Skin necrosis overlying treated tumors developed in 3 dogs.


The effect of convective flow on the current efficiency of an ion-selective membrane is investigated by solving the general Nernst-Plank equation simultaneously with Poission equation. We found that assuming Donnan equilibrium at liquid-membrane interfaces leads to a positive deviation in the current efficiency of a membrane. The qualitative behavior of the membrane remains the same, however, regardless of whether this condition is assumed. For a fixed electrical potential drop across a membrane, the current efficiency increases with the applied current density. It is interesting to observe that, for a fixed applied current density, the higher the electrical potential drop the lower the current efficiency. If the electric Peclet number is small, the current efficiency is mainly controlled by the electrical potential drop, and if it is large, the current efficiency is controlled by the pressure drop across the membrane. It is found that the large the electric Peclet number the more serious the concentration polarization near liquid-membrane interfaces.


This paper considers alternative assessment, feedback and cybernetics. For more than 30 years, debates about formative and summative assessment have served as surrogates for discussions about the workings of the mind, the social implications of assessment and, as important, the role of instruction in the advancement of learning. Currently, alternative assessment lives uneasily with its classical counterpart. Classical test theory and its conception of the summative value of the true score came from behaviourist learning theories developed in the first three decades of the twentieth century. Formative assessment, with its valued conceptions of feedback and development, had a different origin. It arose from cognitive and constructivist theories of learning that emerged in the 1930s and 1940s. This paper identifies the tensions that underpin this uneasy coexistence. It suggests that different conceptions of mind lie behind these tensions and, to mark the autonomy and integrity of formative assessment, it offers an alternative descriptor: 'constructivist assessment'. The distinction between formative and summative practices conventionally stems from the work of Michael Scriven, a Australian philosopher of science working in the USA who had studied in Melbourne and Oxford (England). After crossing the Atlantic, Scriven became interested in the application of scientific theory to educational research. By this time (1960–66), he was a professor in the Department of History and Philosophy of Science at Indiana University. Among other things, Scriven turned his analytic mind to the fact that 'current conceptions of the evaluation of educational instruments...are still inadequate both philosophically and practically' (1967, p. 39). Building on an earlier paper written while 'director of the Evaluation Project of the Social Science Education Consortium', Scriven felt it had become 'worthwhile' to distinguish the 'formative' and 'summative' roles of curriculum evaluation. Scriven's preference, which appeared in the first of a monograph series on curriculum evaluation, published by the American Educational Research Association, leaned towards summative evaluation performing 'a final evaluation of the project or person' (p. 42), but he also acknowledged that colleagues, like Lee J. Cronbach who worked at the nearby University of Illinois, prioritised the merits of formative evaluation as 'part of the process of curriculum development ' (p. 41). If Cronbach highlighted the formative role of evaluation as something that takes place in the 'swampy lowland'of curriculum development (Schön,1987, p. 3), Scriven took the high ground offered by summative evaluation. He rebuffed, 'as a little excessive', Cronbach's claim that summative evaluation plays only a 'menial role' in curriculum development. Nevertheless, Scriven generously reported Cronbach's broader view that 'evaluation, used to improve the course while it is still fluid, contributes more to improvement of education than evaluation used to appraise a product already placed on the market' (p. 43). In the end, Scriven compromised and took the middle road: that 'educational projects, particularly curricular ones, clearly must attempt to make best use of evaluation in both these roles' (p. 43). Formative and Summative Assessment: A cybernetic viewpoint (page 3 of 12) Further insight into the differences between Scriven and Cronbach can be gleaned from the previous article in the same monograph. Written by Robert Gagné (1916-2002), 'Curriculum research and the promotion of learning' offers a particularistic view of learning. It describes curriculum 'content' as 'descriptions of the expected capabilities of students in specified domains of human activity' (p. 21); and it defines a 'curriculum' as 'a sequence of content units arranged in such a way that the learning of each unit may be accomplished as a single act' (p. 23). In other words, Gagné operated with a view of learning also associated with the name of B. F. Skinner (1904 – 1990). Like Gagné, Skinner conceived of learning as the accumulation, by reinforcement, of stimulusresponse associations as Lorrie Shepard reported in a presidential address to the American Educational Research Association: The whole process of becoming competent is any field must be divided into a very large number of very small steps, and reinforcement must be contingent upon the accomplishment of each step. (Skinner 1954, quoted in Shepard, 2000, p.5). Gagné's views of learning and curriculum also drew on the work of Benjamin Bloom and Ralph Tyler one of the editors of the monograph series. Both Bloom and Tyler operated within a behaviouristic framework, emphasising the importance of 'student behavior' (Bloom et al., 1956, p. 7) and specifications of 'what students are expected to do' (Tyler, 1949, p. 45). In other words, Gagné's view of learning built on ideas about learning that dominated American psychology before the 1960s; whereas Cronbach had become aware of the new thinking about learning processes that came to English-language prominence after the 1950s (compare, for instance, Cronbach 1957, and 1975). This historical vignette illustrates an issue central to this paper – that different paradigms for learning imply different paradigms of evaluation and assessment. Accordingly, we believe that the dualism formative/summative should not be represented as two sides of the same thing. This coupling, we believe, represents the uneasy conflation of two distinct models of evaluation and assessment. This unease evident from Scriven's initial analysis – has also been identified by Harry Torrance. In a 1993 review of 'formative assessment' he noted that: if arguments in favour of formative assessment are to survive and prosper they must be articulated more fully and explicitly, and built on more than taken-for-granted asssumptions about what constitutes 'good practice'. (1993, p. 339) His view at that time was that teachers in England and Wales may be assuming the task of formative teacher assessment to be, at best, 'a fairly mechanical and behaviouristic one in the graded test tradition' and, at worst, to be 'essentially summative', taking 'snapshots of where the children have got to", rather than where they might be going next'. He concluded: 'what we are faced with...[includes] a problem of knowing whether or not our hopes for formative assessment are well-founded theoretically'(p. 340). To clarify our claims, and to address Torrance's concerns, this paper attempts three tasks. First, it identifies the tensions that underpin this uneasy coexistence of formative and summative assessment; secondly, it explores different conceptions of mind that lie behind these tensions; and finally, it suggests that it is possible to disentangle formative from summative asessment with the help, on the one hand, of a cybernetic theory of feedback and, on the other, the utilisation of a free-standing descriptor: 'constructivist assessment'. Formative and Summative Assessment: A cybernetic viewpoint (page 4 of 12) Roots of the Unease During the nineteenth century, research in neuropsychology led to the abandonment of sensory and associationist conceptions of mind. Reflexology emerged as a new movement, pioneered in the middle of the nineteenth century by Ivan Sechenov (1829-1905) and extended by his Russian colleague, Ivan Pavlov (1849-1936). Within this framework, behaviour is the result of connections between the sensory and motor components of the central nervous system. The brain is regarded as a telephone switchboard or piano keyboard that activates muscular (i.e. behavioural) output. These metaphors, however, raised an important debating issue: does each switch or key represents a single muscle or a more complex amalgam of stimuli and responses? Accordingly, understanding the relationship between input and output became difficult. What, in fact, happens in the black box of the mind? Contemporaneously, attention to input/output theories raised the recurrent problem of reductionism. If the behaviour of (Pavlov's) dogs can be explained in terms of reflexology, do the same processes operate in higher animals? Subsequent attention to this problematic feature of human behaviour was taken up in at least three fields of research: communication engineering, physiology and psychology. Communication Engineering and Servo-mechanisms Understanding of feedback reaches back at least as far as the industrial revolution. Although feedback devices had been used for centuries (e.g. in windmills), James Watt's invention of a centrifugal steam-engine governor in the final years of the eighteenth century is often celebrated as a defining moment. The governor was two heavy balls mounted on swinging arms, themselves mounted on the steam engine. As the engine's speed became excessive, centrifugal force drove the balls higher, gradually closing the steam valve and reducing the speed of the engine. Through feedback from the heavy spheres, irregularities in the motion of the engine could be smoothed out. New conceptions of feedback arose, however, in the field of electronic engineering. An early example appeared in the American journal Science (1933, July 29th, reproduced at www.sciencenews.org/20030802/timeline.asp). It was described as a 'servo-mechanism' – a device that 'bosses another machine with unusual alertness, speed and accuracy'. Prepared at the instigation of Vannevar Bush, a pioneer of computer science and vice-president of Massachussetts Institute of Technology (MIT), this research prototype comprised a 'combination of speciallydesigned motors, photoelectric cells, vacuum tube amplifiers, and other mechanical devices'. Its task was to follow an ink line drawn on paper, rather like 'a dog with his nose to a trail'. Servomechanisms were analogous to Watt's centrifugal governor. They did not merely keep a machine working steadily, they served to keep it to a pre-planned schedule


Background: When controlling diabetes in children, families suffer from burden of care imposed by the disease. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of family psychoeducation on the burden of care imposed on families of adolescents with type 1 diabetes referring to Golestan diabetes clinic in Ahvaz city. Methods: The present study was a clinical trial with before-after design. The study population included families with adolescents with type 1 diabetes aged 12 - 19 years. A total of 40 families of sick children and one parent who was more in touch with the patient were selected and randomly divided into experimental (20 families) and control groups (20 families). To measure family burden of care, burden of care Questionnaire (DFI-S) was used. Family psychoeducation was carried out for the experimental group twice a week for 8 sessions of 90 minutes. Independent and paired t-test and Mann-Whitney test were used to compare the mean score of familyburdenof careinbothgroupswhileChi-squaretestwasusedtocomparequalitativevariablesbetweenthetwogroups. SPSS v. 20 was used for statistical analysis. Results: The most frequent age range of diabetic children was 12 - 14 years (55%) and 15 - 19 years in the experimental and control groups(65%),respectively. Mostfathersandmotherswereself-employed(60%)andhomemakers(85%),respectively. Themeanscore of burden of care imposed on families before the intervention in the experimental and control groups was 26.6 and 30.15, respec-tively, that reduced to 21.6 and 30.35 three months after the intervention, respectively, showing no change. Conclusions: Familypsychoeducationcanreducefamilyburdenof careimposedbyadolescentssufferingfromtypeIdiabetesand increase the period for families facing the disease. It also reduces medical treatment costs and length of stay in health centers and increases quality of home care.


The cross linking modification of polypropylenes was investigated via increasing the amount of modifiers,under constant rate of initiator (DCP) and auxiliary cross-linking agent (DVB). The fracture behaviors as well as the influence of the structure of polypropylenes on fracture performances were intensively studied using the method of essential work of fracture (EWF). It is concluded that the chain structure and fracture behaviors are significantly influenced by the different amount of modifiers. The addition of modifiers is in favor of the formation of cross-linking structure and limites the slip between molecular chains or grains subsequently. With lower amount of cross-linking structure,we decreases with the increased dosage of modifier,while βwp increases with it. However,the trends of both we and βwp are just on the contrary within higher amount of cross-linking structure.


Free radicals are the source of many diseases such as diabetes mellitus, cancer, arthritis, anemea, Parkinson disease, alzimer and ageing etc. Antioxidants are very important for treatment of this disease by scavenging free radicals. The present study was conducted to determine the Cytotoxic and antioxidant activities of metanolic extract of Medicago polymorpha against free radicals such as DPPH and ABTS etc in vitro. These activities of Medicago polymorpha are count for its anticancer properties. The results were analyzed by the comparison of the extract with the standards. Ascorbic acid was used as a standard for antioxidants assays and see salt solution without extract was used a standard for cytotoxic assays. The antioxidant property may be related to the polyphenols and flavonoids present in the extract. These results clearly indicate that Medicago polymorpha is effective against free radical mediated disease and thus it has potential for treating cancer.


This paper summarizes our work on geochemical characterization of the obsidian sources on Easter Island and its application to archaeological specimens. Obsidian was the primary and most durable tool material used by the Rapa Nui people during the prehistoric period. By tracing obsidian artifacts to their raw material source, a pattern of source utilization can be developed through the distribution of these fingerprinted artifacts, which in turn provides a foundation for the reconstruction of prehistoric patterns of raw material access, control, and trade. The source characterization focuses on (1) determining discrete geochemical properties of each source; (2) determining intra-source variation; (3) examining inter-source similarity. The island's four sources were systematically sampled, with selected samples from each source subjected to instrumental neutron activation analysis (INAA). Three trace elements-Sc, Zn, and Se-were found to provide the best source discriminants. Used in concert, the three elements provide a powerful tool for identifying each source. Artifacts from selected sites across the island were then subjected to INAA in an effort to examine source utilization. The focus of this phase of analysis was placed on distinguishing between' the wholly black obsidians. Two of the four obsidian sources appear frequently in the artifact sample and display distributional patterns with potentially significant implications within the context of social, political, and economic systems.


In the construction of the electrostatic motor, that we developed, the rolling spherical bodies caused the rotation at the level of the rotor. In time of the experimental resources we found an interesting movement for the metal ball which causes the rotation movement of the rotor. This movement shows at the first time the interaction between the rolling body and the rotor collector arm, this interaction we try to optimize with an insulator material for the collector arm/arms. 1. THEORETICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL ELEMENTS In the function of electrostatic motor, that we proposed and developed, the rolling bodies are caused the rotation of the rotor in directly physical contacts. For this reason we tray to optimize the complex movement of one rolling body versus the movement of the rolling body which is strait-laced by the arms of collector, movement collector. The rolling of the metal ball is caused by the concurrence of many forces and interactions, among which there are the effect of the Coulomb force between the sphere and the metallic ring of the spatial condenser's fitting, the effect of the centrifugal force of the rolling body, the instantaneous distribution of duties on the surface of the rolling body reported to the condenser's fittings, and not in the last, the rolling of this body on the surface of the superior dielectric. [1] The rolling movement of the body involves the precession of the instantaneous axis of the body's rotation – implying a continuous variation of the sphere rolling circle, a variation of both this circle's plane on the rolling area, and of the length of this circle. In consequences generate at their turn a "sinusoidal", winding movement of the mass center trajectory to the inner perimeter of the superior fitting's ring of the spatial condenser,[2]. Experimentally, the rolling movement of the body involves the precession of the instantaneous axis of the body's rotation – implying a continuous variation of the sphere's rolling circle, a variation of both this circle's plane on the rolling area, and of the length of this circle. In theoretical studies we are modeling this movement with the parametrical equation, [4]. About this complex movement doesn't exist currently an explication, only the Coulomb force is evidently but who is responsible to the rotation of the metal ball, maybe Lorenz force or Maxwell-Faraday's law can cause the rotation of the spherical body, (metal ball, in our case). Summary the experimental stand contains: the spatial condenser formed of: the square stand and the inferior dielectric on which the fitting of the condenser is laid, superior dielectric 4, which represents the rolling area of the spherical body 5, in the end of the same time of the stator at the electrostatic engine. Placed on the superior dielectric inside the metallic ring 6, it can found the rolling body that, when this condenser is fed from a source of constant high tension, starts the rolling movement, inside the superior fitting. In this type of construction the collectors 16, are makes from steel the constructions elements, 1 to 4 and 6 form the spatial condenser in witch is replaces the whole rotor 13, with horizontally two arms 9 and another vertically two arms 10, like as see in top figure. ANNALS of the ORADEA UNIVERSITY. Fascicle of Management and Technological Engineering, Volume XI (XXI), 2012, NR1


Abstract : Research under this grant resulted in 42 research papers and one book topics of the research included state estimation for Cox processes inference for stationary point processes inference for multiplicative intensity model inference for thinned point processes, inference for 0-1 Markov processes, and inference for stationary random fields.


Bleeding from the bladder neck after wedge resection may be controlled by simple Harris sutures or the "Z" modification. Harris was opposed to the "z" technique, believing that undue tissue sloughing would result, and we have some evidence that this is so. The incidence of secondary hremorrhage is low in this operation. The Hrynstchak sutures presumably control bleeding from the prostatic bed by tamponade and a direct hremostatic effect on the capsular tissue. Some hesmorrhage occurs about the catheter per urethram, and reduced intravesical bleeding makes catheter management easier. This is opposed to Harris's views, but no disability seems to arise. The ability of these sutures to close off the bladder neck about the catheter, thus causing the blood lost to pass almost exclusively per urethram, has been amply demonstrated. Catheter Problems.


In an optoelectronic device comprises an electrode (20) is provided which has a plurality of electrode elements (21) which are arranged separately from each other so that between them a gap, and, moreover, a guide structure (22) which is designed such that it connects adjacent electrode elements (21) electrically conductive with each other while a between the connected neighboring electrode elements (21) acting fuse, wherein the guide structure (22) comprises a Leitstrukturschicht (22a) to the electrode elements (21) adjacent and the adjacent electrode elements (21) electrically conductively connects together thereby fuse functions as, and / or the guide structure (22) located in the gap between the electrode elements (21) and the adjacent electrode elements (21) via the gap electrically conductively connects together thereby acting as a fuse.


It is widely accepted that the ability to understand emotion or affect from speech is central to the design of more natural human-computer interfaces. This paper explores the classification of natural emotional speech along four affective dimensions, using hidden Markov models (HMMs). A number of features are tested, some of which have never before been applied to emotion recognition. Finally, these different features are combined discriminatively to achieve a competitive performance on the AVEC 2011 affect classification task [1].


Abstract Mutation breeding is one of the most reliable techniques in improving crop plants. Physical and chemical mutagens are used to bring the variability. Among chemical mutagens, to identify the efficient mutagen that can bring broad spectrum of variability, it is therefore necessary to study the efficiency and effectiveness of various mutagens. In present study, two varieties of horsegram, viz., SINA (K-42) and KS-2 were treated with three concentrations of ethyl methane sulphonate (EMS), N- nitroso N- ethyl urea (NEU) and sodium azide (SA). Identification of effective mutagen could be possible by studying different parameters. In M2 generation studies were made o n the mutagenic efficiency, mutagenic effectiveness and mutagenic rate. In the present study, the results revealed that efficiency of mutagens was variable, sodium azide was most effective mutagen and showed highest mutagenic rate. Keywords : Sodium azide, Mutation, Efficiency, Effectiveness, Mutagenic rate


The problematic of reinforcement bars splicing by overlap tying and by the way of welding is described, as well as alternative splicing by the mechanical compression couplers as a way of its solution. Lap splicing showed good results in structures with small nominal dimensions of steel bars, low rate yield strength and in buildings not higher than 15 floors. Welding is the more flexible method of steel bars splicing but its use brings to rising costs and complicity of construction work. The quality of welded splices depends on many factors mainly on the existing problems in welding process. The analysis of world construction practice shows a more reliable, technological and effective way of splicing reinforcement bars it means the use of connecting couplers i.e. mechanical rebar coupling. Successful international experience of applying mechanical steel bars splicing in USA, Japan, China, Kazakhstan, UAE, etc. is described. It must be noted that with the advance of the enactment of DBN V 2.6-98 and DSTU B V.2.6-156, standard acceptable methods of steel bars splicing in Ukraine are lap splicing, welded connections and mechanical splicing. General technical requirements of the connections of reinforcement were analyzed and systematized, as well as general advantages of mechanical splices were proved. Analysis of international and native regulations showed that in Ukraine it should be taken more strict requirements for mechanical splices. Methodology and test results of mechanical splices were covered. A number of regulation documents were developed as a result of large scale theoretical and experimental research of mechanical connections. The technology of coupling of reinforcement bars was applied at many construction projects as well as in seismic regions.


This work discusses experimentally the hydrodynamic instabilities of an oriented nematic film contained in a plane Poiseuille flow cell such that the director is initially perpendicular to the velocity and velocity gradient. Homogeneous instabilities having a uniform distortion in the plane of the boundary plates are obtained with or without distortion of the flow profile. The thresholds are analysed and compared with the theoretical analysis given in the following paper. The effect of alternating flow and of the application of external fields on the nature of the mode and on the threshold is analyzed with attention to the transition from the homogeneous to roll instabilities. No detailed theory exists for these problems and the analysis is carried with reference to the simple shear flow case although marked differences are observed. LE JOURNAL DE PHYSIQUE TOME 37, OCTOBRE 1976,


The COoler SYnchrotron COSY at the Forschungszentrum Jülich accelerates protons and deuterons to momenta of up to 3.7 GeV/c. Experiments in the ring use the coasting beam, which can be produced with transverse polarization in excess of 80%. These experiments center around the production, interaction and decay of hadrons, mesons as well as baryons. This contribution summarizes the ongoing physics program at the COSY facility, highlighting recent results and detailing future developments and plans.


Adsorptive ultrafiltration membrane is an emerging field that holds great promise for achieving high efficiency removal of various pollutants such as metal ions and organic pollutants. As a result, significant research efforts have been directed towards the utilization of GO due to its unique properties including good hydrophilicity, large surface area, excellent chemical and mechanical stability which can impart better membrane properties and performance. Recent advances in this field revealed that the utilization of graphene oxide (GO) is highly beneficial in improving key membrane properties including surface charge, hydrophilicity, water permeability as well as the adsorption performance. Therefore, this short review provides valuable insight into the performance of GO/GO modified-based membranes, GO/polymeric-based membrane and GO-modified/polymeric-based membrane for various pollutants. The application of GO in ultrafiltration (UF) membranes is anticipated to provide an attractive and viable route towards achieving high performance adsorptive UF membranes for water and wastewater treatment.


Located between China,the Southeast Asia and the South Asia,linking the three major economic zones and two oceans,Yunnan enjoys great geographical advantages and,thus,its tradition and basis in terms of cooperation with the above mentioned regions in social development,economy,trade and cultural exchanges. Now,in China's strive to accomplish the "One Belt and One Road"strategy,Yunnan should play an important role by using the above advantages to strengthen its ties with the surrounding countries and regions.


It is difficult for existing dense or quasidense matching algorithms to obtain accurate matching results due to the lack of effective feature information in non-textured regions. This may affect the quality of subsequent 3D reconstruction and super-resolution reconstruction. We propose a method of non-textured regions matching. To reduce the impact of noise and illumination, vector sampling normalized cross correlation is proposed to directly measure coherence between two colour images by the effective information of multi-channel features. Three mathematical properties are used in affine transformation: 1) Centroid location is not affected by affine transformation; 2) Affine transformation transforms a straight line into another straight line; 3) Affine transformation maintains the linear relation invariant. In non-textured regions, we can construct texture regions which have affine invariant properties to improve the accuracy of template matching. This could provide more information for the diffusion of dense or quasi-dense matching. In experiments, we demonstrate that the method has high accuracy in cases where there is no big distortion between the two viewing angles from two aspects of simulated images and photographic images.


The purpose of this study was to investigate the dietary habits and nutrient intakes of the elderly living in Songnam area. Responses from 318(153 men, 165 women) elderly individuals aged from 58 to 92 were analyzed. The results of this study are as follows. Regular dietary habit scores of the elderly women were worse than those of the men. Balanced dietary habit scores turned out to be the lowest among the various measured indices. The dietary assessment data showed that the energy intakes of males and females were 86.8% and 83.1% of the RDAs, respectively. The nutrients taken less than RDA on the daily basis were protein, calcium, iron, vitamin A and vitamin B. Nutrient intakes were gradually decreased as the age increased. Energy intakes of males and females from carbohydrate were 70% and 73% respectively. Vitamin A, vitamin B, and calcium were the most deficient nutrients on the basis of the intake percentage of RDA. Therefore, to improve nutritional status of the elderly, it is recommended that intakes of vitamin A, B and calcium-rich food should be increased. Also suitable dietary guidelines and educational programs seem to be necessary for promoting health conditions of elderly people in Songnam area.


In order to investigate the law of properties' change for BFRP sheet under the condition of wet-dry cycling seawater,ageing tests were done for a total of 90 specimens impregnated by two different resins under the conditions of 3.5 times and 5 times concentration of artificial wet-dry cycling seawater.The results show that BFRP1 in 3.5 times concentration seawater for 330 d,the tensile strength and extensibility are respectively dropped by 8.36% and 28.74% ,and the Young's modulus is increased by 1.68% ;BFRP1 in 5 times concentration seawater for 330 d,the tensile strength and extensibility are respectively dropped by 12.77% and 26.304% ,and the Young's modulus is increased by 3.24% ;BFRP2 in 3.5 times concentration seawater for 330 d,the tensile strength and extensibility are respectively dropped by 9.50% and 18.44% ,and the Young's modulus is increased by 0.43% ,BFRP2 in 5 times concentration seawater for 330 d,the tensile strength ,extensibility and the Young's modulus are respectively dropped by 8.53% ,20.88% and 0.43% .Therefore,BFRP sheet has good resistance to seawater corrosion .Finally,contrast with other fiber sheets' aging experiment like CFRP,AFRP,GFRP and so on,it is shown that the basalt- reinforced composite material has good resistance to seawater corrosion.


Despite the very real barriers faced by those caring for people with severe dementia, Jane Blackley argues that communication is not only possible, but for Christians is an imperative. While being realistic about the extent of the challenges involved, she puts forward a number of very practical suggestions for ways in which communication can be established and maintained.


The content and form of physics test in senior high school entrance examination has aroused great concern among education authorities,parents and the society.This paper offers suggestions on the enrichment of physics test and holds that the original physics test should be integrated and enriched so as to stimulate the students' interest and activity and make the test more scientific and feasible.


We have had h a r d w a r e p r o b l e m s aga in with the computer ized mai l ing s y s t e m , and s i nce none of u s h e r e fe l t l i k e hand -add re s s ing 550-odd copies of DX News i s s u e number 20 was ma i l ed out a f ew days l a t e . Hea r t f e l t apologies f r o m you r somewhat shor thanded HQ the s eeming ly supe rhuman capabi l i t i es of A d m i r a l Nelson a r e s t i l l busy with h a r d w a r e p r o b l e m s of t h e i r own in St. Lou i s , and do h a v e a backup i n such i t ems a s New Member Ki ts a n d r e p l i e s t o sundry p rob l ems . P a t i e n c e !


Most intuitively forceful criticisms of utilitarianism, I believe, reduce to two basic objections. Both arise from the relentlessness of the utilitarian injunction to promote the overall good. On the one hand, this means that agents are permitted to perform an act of any kind whatsoever–provided only that the consequences of that act are better than those of any alternative. In particular, this means that it is permissible to impose tremendous sacrifices or injuries upon someone, if this is the only way to ensure even greater gains for others. But in allowing agents to deliberately impose harm on someone for the sake of others, utilitarianism seems to permit acts which are morally unacceptable. Intuitively, we want to say that rights, or other moral prohibitions, forbid treating people in certain ways–ways allowed by utilitarianism. This, then, is the first major objection: utilitarianism permits too much.


The application of the 3-D operational hydrodynamic model, based on the POM model for the study and forecast of storm surges in 2002 and 2003 revealed its high usefulness. In case of high amplitude and significant water level fluctuations the model correctly approximated the changes of water level and reflected the hydrological situations properly. Potential users such as emergency command centres and services dealing with environmental and flood control as well as with the safety of navigation can take advantages from current 0-60-hour hydrological forecasts for the region of the Szczecin Lagoon and the Pomeranian Bay via a quick website access (http://model.ocean.univ.gda.pl).


Problem: Continuous improvement is important in modern healthcare to control increasing costs and fulfil the demand for higher quality. This requires interdisciplinary collaboration between healthc ...


The developed tasks in this report form a basis of testing new forceps instruments as well as evaluating individual performance of surgical candidates with endoscopic forceps instruments.


The Lidcombe Programme of early stuttering intervention incorporates operant methods, and outcome data indicate that the procedure is an effective treatment. However, the mechanism or mechanisms responsible for the effects of this treatment remain unknown. One possible mechanism could involve untargeted change to parameters of parent and child speech during the intervention. In this preliminary report, speech samples from nine children were studied before and after treatment. The purpose was to target independent variables for future research. In spite of clear reductions in disfluency and stuttering in the children, there were no corresponding changes in child or parent speech rate, interspeaker turn latencies, or pragmatic functioning, that might account for such treatment effects. In fact, data suggested changes that would not be theoretically predicted to be associated with reductions in disfluent and stuttered speech: Maternal speech rate increased in post-treatment speech samples and the mothers decreased the proportion of their utterances that contained a request for information. However, some children's language measures did not meet developmental expectations during the period of study. Nonetheless, all children's language measures were within or above developmental expectancies during the period of study, which ruled out the possibility that this treatment induces extensive curtailment of language functioning.


We present a novel class of multirate filter banks that are based on a special class of time-varying filters. The filter operations are done by modifying the usual convolution operations with a twist. We will show that the filter banks allow perfect reconstruction, in spite of the fact that the filt ers are time-varying and the arithmetic is over finite fields. We prove that the one-dimensional twisted convolutions over fi nite fields are of a particularly simple form, which allows an efficient implementation.


We study the leading contribution to the scalar and the pseudoscalar two-point function in the large N expansion of QCD using the worldline techniques. We find that in this limit there exists a relationship between these two Green's functions which implies that for every massive pseudoscalar meson there exists a scalar meson of identical mass. This is true even when chiral symmetry is spontaneously broken. The relationship between the Green's function further suggests that in the planar limit the sigma mass must be identical to the eta mass. We also discuss the relevance of these results for the quenched lattice QCD simulations and for hadron phenomenology.


Objective
To evaluate the inhibitory effect of geniposide on the oxidative damage to in vitro cultured human melanocytes, and to explore the role of PI3K-Akt signaling pathway in this inhibitory effect.

Methods
Epidermal melanocytes were isolated from the circumcised foreskin of healthy adolescent males, and then subjected to culture. Melanocytes at passage 2-3 were divided to six groups: control group receiving no treatment, geniposide group treated with 125 μmol/L geniposide alone, LY294002 group treated with 5 μmol/L LY294002 alone, H2O2 group treated with 250 μmol/L H2O2 alone, geniposide+ H2O2 group firstly treated with 125 μmol/L geniposide for 24 hours followed by 4-hour treatment with 250 μmol/L H2O2, and geniposide+ LY294002+ H2O2 group treated with 125 μmol/L geniposide for 24 hours, then with5 μmol/L LY294002 for 1 hour, followed by 4-hour treatment with 250 μmol/L H2O2. After the above treatment, methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT) assay was performed to evaluate the cellular proliferative activity, Western blot analysis to determine the protein expression of Akt, phosphorylated Akt (p-Akt) , heme oxygenase1 (HO-1) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx-1) , and flow cytometry to detect the level of cellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) , and biochemical methods were used to evaluate the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) . Statistical analysis was carried out by one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) for intergroup comparison, and Student-Newman-Keuls-q (SNK-q) test for multiple com-parisons.

Results
Compared with the control group, the H2O2 group showed significantly decreased cellular proliferative activity (P < 0.01) , protein expression of p-Akt (P < 0.01) , HO-1 (P < 0.01) and GPx-1 (P < 0.05) , SOD activity (P < 0.01) and CAT activity (P < 0.01) , but significantly increased ROS level (P < 0.01) . Compared with the H2O2 group, the geniposide+ H2O2 group showed significantly increased cellular proliferative activity (72.98% ± 8.92% vs. 50.53% ± 10.85%, P < 0.05) , up-regulated protein expression of p-Akt (P < 0.05) , HO-1 (P < 0.01) and GPx-1 (P < 0.01) , increased SOD activity (6.82 ± 1.03 U/mg vs. 1.29 ± 0.43 U/mg, P < 0.05) and CAT activity (46.08 ± 4.16 U/mg vs. 18.71 ± 3.09 U/mg, P < 0.05) , but decreased ROS level (1 284.33 ± 110.64 vs. 2 158.00 ± 222.75, P < 0.01) . The proliferative activity of melanocytes was significantly lower in the geniposide+ LY294002+ H2O2 group (44.35% ± 14.85%) than in the geniposide+ H2O2 group (P < 0.05) . In addition, the geniposide+ LY294002+ H2O2 group showed significantly decreased protein expression of p-Akt (P < 0.01) , HO-1 (P < 0.05) and GPx-1 (P < 0.01) , SOD (1.31 ± 0.65 U/mg, P < 0.05) and CAT activity (23.25 ± 5.56 U/mg, P < 0.05) , but significantly increased ROS level (1 668.00 ± 62.03, P < 0.05) compared with the geniposide+ H2O2 group.

Conclusion
Through the PI3K-Akt pathway, geniposide can promote the protein expression of HO-1 and GPx-1 in melanocytes, enhance SOD and CAT activity, and antagonize the oxidative damage of melanocytes.

Key words:
Melanocytes; Vitiligo; Oxidative stress; Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinases; Oncogene protein v-akt; Superoxide dismutase; Catalase; Geniposide


I first met Pat Williams about twenty years ago. The Ford Foundation had given me a grant to set up a faculty seminar on human identity. I had proposed to test the novel idea that senior faculty at a place like ours might benefit from a serious discussion of the differences among us, but only provided that those differences were allowed to be discussed freely and openly. Toward that end I had proposed to bring together colleagues who would leave me and other white, or male, or Jewish, or science-trained, or straight participants in the minority, so that the conversation might not be constrained by the most common presumptions about whom an "ordinary" professor is likely to be. To keep us all from simply staring at each other I proposed that the seminar would meet each time to discuss a piece of fiction close to the heart of any one of us. I do not recall the book Pat picked, nor the one I picked, but I feel with absolutely no loss of intensity now as I reflect on it, the astonishment I felt to be argued with, taken seriously, gently mocked, and deeply understood by her. Pat changed my way of seeing myself, her, and everyone else since then. So now I wish to address a question raised by my experience then, in the reflective context of this celebration of Pat's professorship, my fifty-first anniversary of life with my wife, the artist, Amy Pollack, and my two decades since that seminar as a teacher and scientist versed in molecular biology, neurobiology, and evolution, as well as the notions of my own religion. The question is this: have we a "self" that is in any way separable from the body? I will begin with the answer from science: the "mind-body" issue is over. Of all those mental states that the human organism experiences through a lifetime, the ones furthest from current molecular analysis are those that we experience as our imagining of what is going on in another person's mind. From such imaginings emerges our unique ability to imagine things that cannot be in nature, but that live in our minds with full reality. And from this class of mental states--the class that will one day be reduced to gene-expression circuitry but for now we may call free will and imagination--comes that great misconception of philosophy, the mind-body separation. There is no mind outside of the body; there is only the body with its embodied mind. That has been a conclusion from the work of students of evolution, neurobiology, and gene regulation for some time now. To say that science knows something like this from its ability to cast questions as disprovable hypotheses, and then show that such an idea is resistant to disproof, would be the next step for me if this were a science paper. But this essay is in honor of Pat and of her capacity to articulate inner experience, so I would like to shift the ground, and instead tell a story about myself. Here is my case-study report: On October 5, 2012, my mind was elsewhere as I slipped on a stair and, in falling, broke my right ankle in two places. On October 10, 2012, I was home, after visits to three hospitals in two states, and two operations to my ankle. In November 2012, after four weeks in a solid plaster cast, I was given a removable boot and could see my grotesquely swollen, stitched up foot for the first time since the accident. At the end of 2012, I was liberated from my wheelchair and my boot, and began again to walk about, first with a walker, then a cane, then, with apparent ease, but great anxiety, on my own. In those eight weeks I was wholly dependent on my wife, Amy, and the friends who came to visit us and help her. In those eight weeks, who was I? By phone and email, I was the same guy, cancelling appointments by the dozen to be sure, but still there for an email or a call. I missed out on the election, and though I watched Sandy's ability to take out New Jersey's electricity from my wheelchair in our lit and warm apartment, I was aware that to be in a wheelchair on the sixth floor of an apartment house at a time when large parts of Manhattan had lost electricity and there were no buses and no subways, was to find myself wrapped in many layers of isolation. …


The present research work is entitled "Relationship between
information deprivation on food security and health risks during
food consumption in the population of Piura (2018)." The report
has been made due to the growing statistics of coronary metabolic
diseases that are registered in Peru, and especially Piura, due to
the deficient patterns of food consumption. It is for this reason
that the perception of the risk that consumers have about food and
the knowledge associated with the potential danger of developing
diseases was analyzed.


The IGR Process emission control technology controls SO{sub 2}/NO{sub x}, and particulate emissions from coal combustion flue gases. The technology uses an electrochemical solid-state reactor which converts SO{sub 2} and NO{sub x} to S, N{sub 2}, and O{sub 2}. The cell electrolyte is a solid electrolyte, namely a high surface area ceramic oxide-ion conductor. Tasks this quarter include: (1) Procurement, Construction and Debugging of the Electrochemical Reactors and Particulate Removal System; (2) Reactor Operation on SO{sub 2}/NO{sub x} Spiked Gas Streams; and (3) Electrocatalysts Preparation and Screening Studies. In Task (1) the particulate control test apparatus has been completely installed and flyash tests have begun. During the tests a voltage is applied across the solid electrolyte and the current is monitored while flyash passes through the cell. In Task (1) electrochemical measurements were made with oxide ion conducting ceramic disks in gases containing NO and SO{sub 2}. In Task (3) the electrochemical measurements are being made using four electrocatalysts in gases containing NO, SO{sub 2}, and oxygen. 3 refs., 4 figs., 2 tabs.


Background: Early Childhood Caries (ECC) is a prevalent chronic pathology, and it has a negative impact on the oral and general health of the child patient. Aim: To evaluate the knowledge, attitudes and practices of Spanish paediatricians regarding early childhood caries according to the professional's years of experience. Material and Methods: A cross-sectional questionnaire was conducted by Spanish paediatricians via WhatsApp and e-mails from January to April 2021. Data were analysed using Chi-squared test, Fisher's exact test and Cramer's V test. Results: There were a total of 359 participants. Most respondents were women (81.3%) with up to 10 years of professional experience (31.2%) in primary health care and public health. In most cases, participants had an excellent knowledge of primary dentition (90.8%), but they ignored (56%) when the first visit to the dentist should occur. Regarding the aetiological factors of caries, oral hygiene and prevention, a lower rate of knowledge was observed. The majority of participants (80.8%) were not able to identify white spot lesions and enamel defects (76%). They considered that their knowledge in oral health was deficient, highlighting the need to increase their training. Less experienced paediatricians were found to have higher success rates. Conclusions: The level of knowledge and attitudes regarding early childhood caries of the evaluated paediatricians should be improved. Paediatricians had difficulties in identifying early caries lesions and enamel defects. Nevertheless, a higher level of knowledge and positive attitudes towards dental caries has been detected among paediatricians with fewer years of professional experience.


The new airborne system, which consists of two Varian rubidium magnetometers, can map several hundred miles of terrain per day to provide geologists with detailed data on which to base seismic analyses on the ground. The Quantum Electronics Division (QED) has received a $500,000 contract for the new geomagnetic instruments, which have been under field evaluation for five years. The Union Oil Company of California is Varian's licensee for airborne geomagnetic surveys.


There is an abundance of testing styles in the discipline of software engineering today. Over the last few decades, many of these have come to be used and adopted by the industry as solutions to address the increasing demand for assuring software quality. Since 1990 or so, perhaps as an outcome of the popularization of object orientation and models in software engineering, there has been a growth in black-box testing techniques that are collectively dubbed model-based testing. Model-based testing (MBT) is a general term that signifies an approach that bases common testing tasks such as test case generation and test result evaluation [see Jorgensen (1995) for some of these basic terms and concepts] on a model of the application under test.

This generic definition is probably the least general statement that can be made about MBT. One of the striking issues about MBT is the nonstandard lingo that reflects a diversity of philosophies and models. Another issue that one will eventually realize in studying this set of techniques is that the models and techniques have yet to travel the long course to maturity. Disregarding these concerns, model-based techniques have gained the attention of practitioners and theoreticians alike. The wealth of published work portraying case studies in both academic and industrial settings is a sign of the newfound interest in this youthful branch of testing.

Model-based techniques have substantial appeal. The first sign of potential are studies showing that testing a variety of applications has been met with success when MBT was employed. This article discussed what a model is and gives some models that have been useful for testing. Information given or choosing a module, building it, and testing it, The present and future status of model-based software testing is detailed.

Keywords:

model-based software testing (MBT);
definition;
background;
drawbacks;
language;
fundamental tasks;
model choice;
model building;
generating tests;
key concerns


Up to the year 1991 the volume of demand for coating materials in Russia made more than 2 million tones a year. More than 75% of the paints and varnishes consumption fell on the industrial sector and construction. Satisfaction of the house-hold's needs was produced according to the rest principle. Due to the shocking events during the following years and also to the change for the market economy the production of coating materials was reduced. Today the Russian production increases again.


Summary. - We study the theory o/isomonodromie deformation for the second order linear dif/erential equations on the Riemann sphere and show that the deformation equations are written in the /orm o/Hamiltonian system completely integrable in the sense o/ Frobenius. We also obtain from them the Hamiltonian systems with the polynomials Hamiltonians.


Dear Editor, I read with great interest the article by Perinel and colleagues in a recent issue of the journal [1]. The authors performed a before/after study with a contemporary control group of 172 patients undergoing pancreatectomy and concluded that the implementation of an enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) program was safe and effective after pancreatectomy, with a high compliance rate. In addition, the hospital length of stay was significantly reduced without compromising morbidity. The authors should be applauded for performing a well-designed study on an important topic (e.g., ERAS) in patients undergoing digestive surgery [2, 3]. Moreover, the need to improve quality of care while reducing costs is the holy grail of modern medicine [4]. Although the study by Perinel and colleagues was performed well, there are several critical points that need to be clarified to determine the validity of the results. First, it is important to know if all patients received comparable postoperative analgesic regimen as this can alter the study results. Appropriate analgesic management is one of the most important components of ERAS, but the authors do not describe in detail the differences in intraoperative and postoperative analgesic regimens between the hospitals [5]. It is possible that the use of regional anaesthetic techniques alone has resulted in greater postoperative pain control, reduction of opioid consumption, and faster return of bowel functions. Last, the authors utilized a Cox regression analysis but did not provide evidence that the time-to-event data are proportional, and this may alter the results and interpretation of the study [6]. I would welcome comments by the authors as this would help further support the findings of this important clinical study.


The article analyzes the features of formation and development of the Marxist philosophy of law in comparison with the Western philosophical and legal tradition. The author finds sources and nature of these features in understanding of law as a dominant form of spiritual unity of people in relation to an individual. The Western philosophy of law uses human-centrist approach, which treats law as a form of individual freedom of a human being in social life. Paradoxical relation to the principle of the rule of law in Marxism is explained by two reasons. First, the legal outlook in a socialist society has to disappear and be substituted by the moral and legal syncretism. Second, the right is the reality of an idea of freedom. Special attention is paid to the ways to resolve this paradox in Marxist philosophy of law by the synthesis of various philosophical and legal traditions.


This study evaluated the 5‐HT1A and 5‐HT2A receptor positive cells in the cerebella of mice and human by immunocytochemistry. Mice were of ages 1, 3, and 12 months whereas the human subjects were divided into two groups, a younger 57–78 years old group and an older 82–91 years old group. Both 5‐HT1A and 5‐HT2A receptor positive cells were observed in the molecular and granular layers of the cerebella of mice and human. Although there was a decline in these positive cells during aging, no regional difference in the positive cells were observed in the anterior, middle, and posterior regions of the cerebella. Microsc. Res. Tech. 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.


On February 2, 2017, the International Court of Justice (ICJ or Court) delivered a judgment rejecting preliminary objections to its jurisdiction in Maritime Delimitation in the Indian Ocean.1 The underlying contentious case between Somalia and Kenya concerns the establishment of a single maritime boundary between the two states. The decision on preliminary objections provides important insights on the Court's interpretation of optional clause declarations that include a reservation for alternative methods of dispute settlement. Somalia and Kenya are adjacent coastal states facing south-southeast onto the Indian Ocean. They have long had overlapping maritime claims in the northwestern part of that ocean. In particular, they disagree on the proper method of maritime delimitation to resolve those claims. Somalia has advocated for the equidistance line while Kenya has sought to use the line along the parallel of latitude passing through the starting point of the land boundary. The choice will have significant impact on the portion of sea that would fall under their respective sovereignty and the exploitation of living and non-living resources therein. Notably, this may affect oil-exploitation activities that Kenya is currently carrying out in the disputed area. At this stage of the proceedings, the issue before the Court was whether it had jurisdiction under the Statute of the International Court of Justice. In its application, Somalia had invoked the optional clause declarations that both parties had made under Article 36, paragraph 2, of the Court's Statute. Kenya raised two preliminary objections, the first concerning the jurisdiction of the Court, and the second concerning the admissibility of Somalia's application. Only the first one will retain our attention. Kenya advanced two alternative grounds in order to maintain that the Court lacked jurisdiction. Kenya argued first that its reservation to the optional clause declaration applied. The reservation provides that "[d]isputes in regard to which the parties to the dispute have agreed


ZnS films have been deposited on Si and porous Si substrates using pulsed laser depositon(PLD).The influence of substrates on the structure and luminescent properties of ZnS films is investigated.The X-ray diffractometer(XRD)and scanning electron microscopy(SEM)are used to study the different properties of ZnS films deposited on the porous Si substrate and the Si substrate.The XRD results show that ZnS films deposited on the two substrates both have a crystalline structure of cubic phase and excellent growth trend alongβ-ZnS(111)direction.There are many pits in ZnS films deposited on porous Si substrate,while the films deposited on Si substrate are smooth as seen in SEM images.This indicates the difference between the porous Si substrate and the Si substrate.The photoluminescence spectra are measured at room temperature.A blue shift of porous Si peak and decrease of its luminescent intensity occur after ZnS films are deposited.According to the high transmittance of ZnS films,the orange-red light of porous Si transmitted from ZnS and the light emitted by ZnS are added together,and an intensive photoluminescence phenomenon of the porous Si/ZnS nanostructure composites is obtained in the visible region.


Recently, cancer research microRNA studies have drawn great attention. However, the results of these studies have been inconsistent and variable regarding the availability of circulating miRNAs in gastric cancer (GC) diagnosis. Thus, results should be interpreted cautiously. The purpose of the present study was to assess the diagnostic performance of circulating miRNAs in GC diagnosis. We conducted a systematic and comprehensive approach for the inclusion of studies. The sensitivity, specificity, and diagnostic odds ratio were pooled with random effects models, and a summary of receiver operator characteristic (SROC) curves were plotted. The potential heterogeneity was assessed with Q test and I2 statistics. Subgroup analyses and meta-regressions further investigated the sources of heterogeneity. A total of 77 studies from 48 articles were eligible for the meta-analysis. The results revealed a sensitivity of 0.76, a specificity of 0.81, and an AUC of 0.86 for gastric cancer diagnosis with circulating miRNAs. In addition, subgroup analyses indicated that multiple miRNAs assays, non-microarray screening approaches, and serum-based miRNA assays exhibited good diagnostic performance in contrast to a single miRNA assay, microarray expression profiling screening, and plasma-based miRNA group analysis. The diagnostic ability of miRNAs in early stage I–II groups and the high expression group were approximately similar to that in the stage I–IV groups and the low expression group. For the circulating miRNAs, our meta-analysis identified a combination of multiple miRNAs, non-microarray chip screening, and serum-based miRNA assays were associated with the most effective GC diagnostic performance. However, many unclear molecular mechanisms limited the accuracy of the diagnostic results, and should be interpreted with caution. Further large-scale prospective studies are required for validating the diagnostic applicability of circulating miRNAs in gastric cancer patients.


The problem of selecting flip-flops for inclusion into a partial scan path is formulated as an optimization problem. Scan flip-flops result in layout and delay overheads. Hence, scan flip-flops have to be chosen such that the net cost associated with these overheads is bounded by some user-specified limit. The problem then reduces to choosing a set of flip-flops which gives the best improvement in testability, while keeping the cost bounded. Cost functions are proposed for a standard cell design approach to model the effects of the overheads. Profit functions for three different testability criteria are proposed, and the optimization methodology for each is discussed. The optimization process is modeled on the lines of the 0/1 knapsack problem. Results for some medium-sized sequential circuits which show a very large improvement in fault coverage obtained by optimally selecting a small fraction of the flip-flops in the circuit are presented.<<ETX>>


(S)-Strictosidine represents the first key intermediate in the biosynthesis of several pharmaceutically relevant monoterpenoid indole alkaloids. Optically pure C3-methyl-substituted strictosidine derivatives were prepared by setting up the two stereogenic centers at the β-carboline core via two enzymatic steps catalyzed by the enzymes transaminase and strictosidine synthase in a one-pot cascade fashion. The two enzymatic steps were performed simultaneously as well as in a stepwise fashion. The amination of the prochiral ketones led to optically pure amines with up to >98% enantiomeric excess. Depending on the enzyme used, the (S)- and (R)-enantiomers were prepared in most cases. Selected amines were then condensed with secologanin in a Pictet–Spengler reaction catalyzed by strictosidine synthase leading to diastereomerically pure products (>98% diastereomeric excess).


Supplemental Digital Content is available in the text. Precis: The study compared 1-year effectiveness of single trabecular microbypass stent (iStent) implantation with phacoemulsification among glaucoma severities in primary open-angle glaucoma. The study found that mild glaucoma had greater success rate and lower number of medications compared with moderate and severe glaucoma. Purpose: To evaluate the effectiveness of iStent implantation in combination with cataract surgery in moderate to severe glaucoma compared with mild glaucoma. Methods: Medical charts of primary open-angle glaucoma subjects undergoing 1 iStent implantation were retrospectively reviewed. Glaucoma was classified on the basis of mean deviation (MD) of the preoperative standard automated perimetry into mild (MD>−6 dB), moderate (MD −6 to −12 dB), and severe (MD<−12 dB). Mixed effect regression models were performed to determine the effect of iStent at 1 year. The outcomes included as follows: (1) intraocular pressure (IOP) and the number of medications, (2) eyes with IOP ≤ severity-based target (18 mm Hg for mild, 15 mm Hg for moderate, 12 mm Hg for severe) (2A) without medication, and (2B) with medication reduction. Results: In total, 104 eyes from 89 subjects were analyzed. Cataract combined with iStent surgery significantly lowered the number of medications in all groups and significantly decreased IOP in moderate and severe glaucoma (P<0.05). There was significantly higher number of medications in moderate (β: 0.58, P=0.002) and severe (β: 1.20, P<0.001) compared with mild glaucoma. Eyes with moderate glaucoma had significantly lower rate of success (criterion 2A) compared with mild glaucoma [odds ratio (OR): 0.008, P=0.047]. Eyes with moderate and severe glaucoma had significantly lower rates of success (criterion 2B) (moderate vs. mild OR: 0.002, P=0.028; severe vs. mild OR: 0.026, P=0.026). Conclusions: Combined phacoemulsification with iStent seems to have a better IOP-lowering and medication-lowering effect in mild glaucoma cases versus those with moderate and severe glaucoma. This difference was found in real-world data over one-year follow-up period. Long-term studies with defined IOP goals and medication removal protocols are warranted.


The present study was to evaluate the effectiveness of watermelon extract in reduction of blood pressure among hypertensive clients in selected villages at Thiruvallur in Mappedu. A quantitative research approach and quasi experimental research design was adopted for in this study. In 60 hypertensive clients among which one group 30 experimental group and 30 is control group by using convenient sampling technique. A self structured questionnaire method was used. Experimental group received 200 ml of watermelon juice for 21 days. After intervention the experimental group value of post test 't' test value is 6.912 was found to be statistically significant at p greater than 0.001. Hence the findings of present study concluded that was significantly improvement in the post test level of blood pressure in the experimental group which clearly interferes that watermelon extract on blood pressure level was found to be effective in reducing the level of blood pressure among hypertensive clients


A common backplane environment for commercial/academic placement and routing engines (ABLE) is presented. ABLE allows users to access various placement and routing engines through a common user interface. Possible schemes of integrating foreign tools into ABLE are discussed. A triple layers methodology for placement and routing of mixed macro blocks and standard cells at the same level of physical hierarchy, using several layout tools available under ABLE, is presented.


Mental image of body is one of the most important dimensions of self-appearance and self-evaluation during adolescence age. The dimensions can be mostly defined in form of a degree of satisfaction of physical appearance, which is important in adolescence, since can affect all concepts of "self" significantly in this age. In this regard, based on Galon's studies, people with high level of satisfaction of their mental image of their body include high mental health (lack of depression and anxiety). The main objective of the present study is Comparing rate of happiness, life satisfaction, self-concept between volunteers of cosmetic surgeries and ordinary people. The present study is a comparative-causal research. Statistical population of the study includes all volunteers of cosmetics surgery and all ordinary people. Sample includes 100 persons with 2 50-person groups of volunteers of surgery and ordinary people. Volunteers of cosmetic surgery would be selected through referring medical centers of cosmetic surgeries and hospitals. Ordinary group would be also selected in access and cloning. In order to collect required data, questionnaire of life satisfaction would be applied, which is based on study of Mozafari (2003). Cronbach alpha for the test would be equal to 85%; validity of retest with 6wees interval would be equal to 84%; Oxford Questionnaire of happiness would be valid with correlation of 1% and 40%. Self-concept questionnaire of Rogers with correlation coefficient of 25% and significance level of 1% and validity of 40% would be also applied. Obtained data from questionnaire would be then analyzed through SPSS software.


– The experiment was conducted during the summer season in a savanna type soil in Sete Lagoas, MG, Brazil. The occurrence of natural enemies associated to Spodoptera frugiperda (J.E. Smith, 1797) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) on maize crop (Hybrid BRS 3123) was evaluated from a single artificial infestation with one egg mass in each five plant set. Random samples (20 plants/plot) were collected at a two-day interval, the first one two days after infestation and the last 16 days. The host larvae were individually placed inside a plastic cup contained artificial diet until natural enemies emergence. The insect predators Orius sp. (Heteroptera: Anthocoridae) and Doru luteipes Scudder (Dermaptera: Forficulidae) were the main especies found. Among parasitoids, Chelonus insularis (Cresson), (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) present in all samples, represented 91% of the collected species. Other Hymenoptera species included Eiphosoma laphygmae Costa Lima (Ichneumonidae), Exasticolus fuscicornis (Cameron) (Braconidae), Cotesia marginiventris (Cresson) (Braconidae), Campoletis flavicincta (Ashmead) (Ichneumonidae), and Pristomerus spinator (Fabricius) (Ichneumonidae). Archytas incertus (Macquart) (Diptera: Tachinidae) was also collected inside the experimental area.


Key Points Question Is there a role for platinum-based treatment in molecularly selected patients with advanced prostate cancer? Findings In a case series of 508 patients, platinum-based therapy was associated with antitumor activity, especially among patients with known DNA repair gene aberrations. In patients with DNA repair gene aberrations, nearly half had a decrease in prostate-specific antigen levels of at least 50% and experienced soft tissue responses. Meaning In patients with prostate cancer and DNA repair gene aberrations, platinum-based therapy may be considered a treatment option.


This is a companion paper our previous submission "\infty-categories monoidales rigides et caracteres de Chern", in which we give a comparison between functions on the derived loop space of a smooth scheme of caracteristic zero, and its algebraic de Rham cohomology. As a consequence we obtain functorial and multiplicative versions of the HKR decomposition theorem relating Hochschild homology and Hodge cohomology.


The terrorist groups in Colombia have applied Mao's theory of protracted people's war, seeking to use all available means of struggle to achieve their revolutionary goals by counteracting govemment policy. One way that Fuerzas Armadas Revolucionarias de Colombia (FARC), Ejercito de Liberacion Nacional (ELN), and illegal paramilitaries confront the nation is the use of 'lawfare' defined as the opposing force's use of the national and intemational judicial systems to achieve victory and legitimacy when they cannot challenge the government militarily. Terrorist groups have skillfully infiltrated the Colombian judicial system, and are utilizing the both nationallegal institutions and the intemational law system against the government. They have received support for their struggle from various agents and organizations within the society that, intentionally or unintentionally, are serving their interests. This paper provides a holistic understanding of this complex situation currentIy taking place in Colombia, shows how FARC and ELN are using lawfare in the context of the protracted people's war as a tool to challenge the government, and offers an starting point to examine altematives to deny the terrorist groups the ability to utilize the judicial system to achieve their political goals.


Spacecharge formation inpolyimide films, andtherefore, charge injection fromtheelectrodes largely depend uponthewatercontent. Inorder to clarify theinjection properties ofpositive andnegative chargecarriers, spacechargedistributions were observed inthepolyimide filmswithdifferent electrode conditions, suchas aluminium was evaporated onasurface ofthesamples. Onlywhen therearelectrode isasemi-conductive material, the evaporated aluminumelectrode enhances charge injection. Thepositive andnegative charge carriers hadsimilar electrode effects oninjection eachother.


We consider the following problem on bounded open set Ω of Rn: { −∆u = Vu n+2 n−2 in Ω ⊂ Rn, n = 4, 5, u > 0 in Ω. We assume that : V ∈ C1,β(Ω), 0 < β ≤ 1, 0 < a ≤ V ≤ b < +∞, |∇V| ≤ A, |∇1+βV| ≤ B in Ω. Then, we have a sup× inf inequality for the solutions of the previous equation, namely: ( sup K u )β × inf Ω u ≤ c = c(a, b, A, B, β, K, Ω) for n = 4, ( sup K u )1/3 × inf Ω u ≤ c = c(a, b, A, B, K, Ω) for n = 5 and β = 1.


The main objective of this work, "PROGRAM OF PERSONAL RESPONSIBILITY AND SOCIAL (PRPS) HOW FORM OF INTERVENTION IN ADOLESCENTS: an example through the Baseball youth at risk of social exclusion" ", is the exhibition of the implementation of a programme with a collective socio consisting of pre-teens and adolescents. The program was conducted during the months of November and December, 2013, in the city of Palencia. It had as name "Playing Baseball with responsibility". The reason for this name is that the program designed for the socioeducational intervention was an adaptation of an existing program, the program of Personal responsibility and Social (PRPS) of Don Hellison, which in English translates into Teaching staff and Social responsibility Model (TPSR). This program was designed to intervene with adolescents in situation or risk of social exclusion through the practice of sport and physical activity. The choice of this sport, baseball, is due to the chosen Group, participated in a program of youth promotion which had as objectives the prevention and the provision of a leisure and free time alternative and healthy. At the time in which it was decided to carry out the program of responsibility, the Group participated in a new activity proposed by the Center for Urban, place where it develops the program of youth Urban revitalization, which consisted of learning to play a new sport, Baseball. Adaptation of the PRP made was based on the one already made by Amparo Escartí, Carmina Pascual and Diana Marin Suelves, components of a multidisciplinary group of professionals who carried out numerous implementations of the TPSR in Spain. This program (PRP) has as its main objective that participating adolescents develop both personal and social responsibility to achieve a positive development and improve their situation and social, educational and cultural context.


This paper presents a bipolar electrical probe for implantable nerve stimulation treatment. This probe features bio-inspired microtubes to enhance the adhesion with tissues and to extrude out a tissue adhesive. The probe has a hollow chamber to store the tissue adhesive, and the adhesive can flow outside through a seal which is dissolved when exposed to water in tissues. The probe is fabricated from a designed 4-layer flexible printed circuit (FPC) substrate. The FPC is composed of polyimide and patterned coppers layers adhered together by a glue. In addition to the electrical conduction, the copper circuit on the FPC can be used as sacrificial material for making the microtubes and the chamber. Polyurethane (PU) is used to cover the chamber, and parylene C is deposited for biocompatibility. Polyethylene glycol (PEG) is chosen to seal the microtubes due to its water solubility and biodegradability. By combining FPC structure design with post process, an adhesive implantable stimulating probe was fabricated.


This text covers topics in visual information processing and includes sections on hardware implementations, coding, compression, reconstruction and visualization, and detection by both man and machine.


Objective: To investigate the augmented effect of cyclosporine A (CsA) on apoptosis induced by hydroxylcamptothecin (HCPT) or harringtonine (HT)in leukemic cell line HL 60 Methods: The apoptosis was determied bychecking the morphology of apoptotic cells, agarose gel electrophoresis of DNA fragment and flow cytometric analysis Results: CsA 3 μg/ml had no effects oncell growth and apoptosis in HL 60 cells After incubation HL 60 cells in the presence of HCPT 0 5 μg/ml or HT 0 1 μg/ml for 4 hours, the percentage of apoptotic cells was (35 7±1 3) %and (31 9±0 8)%,respectively While if the cells were incubated in the presence of CsA 3 μg/ml,washed and then continuely treated with HCPT 0 5 μg/ml or HT 0 1 μg/ml, the percentage of apoptotic cells was increased to (47 5±0 5)%(P0 01) and (44 3±0 8)%(P0 01), respectively DNA electrophoresis for the cells treated with HCPT or HT in combination with CsA showed brighter DNA ladder than that with HCPT or HT treatmant alone CsA had not effects on the bcl 2 protein expreesion and the phasaes in HL 60 cells Conclusions: CsA can augment apoptosis induced by HCPT or HT in HL 60 cells The results suggest that it may be better for leukemia to be treated with HCPT or HT in combination with CsA


Session 1 Interactions in Two-Dimensional Steady Flows Chairman: B.E, Launder.- Modelling of Compressible Turbulent Flows: Present Possibilities and Perspectives (*).- Transonic Separated Flow Prediction Based on a Mathematically Simple, Nonequilibrium Turbulence Closure Model.- Turbulence Modeling in Transonic Interactions.- Implicit Navier-Stokes Calculations of Transonic Shock/Turbulent Boundary-Layer Interactions.- Session 2 Interaction in Two-Dimensional Steady Flows Chairman: H. HaMinh.- Strong versus Weak Interaction System for Transonic Flow Computation.- Application of Interacting Boundary-Layer Theory in the Analysis of Transonic Shock Induced Separation.- The Shock-Wave/Turbulent Boundary-Layer Interaction on Curved Surface at Transonic Speed.- Calculation of 2D Turbulent Shock/Boundary Layer Interaction at Curved Surfaces with Suction and Blowing.- Improvement of Transonic Airfoil Performance through Passive Shock/Boundary-Layer Interaction Control.- Session 3 Interactions in Two-Dimensional Steady Flows Chairman: S.M. Bogdonoff.- Physical Analysis of Turbulent Boundary Layer/ Shock-Wave Interactions Using Second Order Closure Predictions.- Turbulent Properties of Axisymmetric Shock-Wave/Boundary-Layer Interaction Flows.- An Asymptotic Theory of Supersonic Turbulent Interactions in a Compression Corner.- Second Order Computation of Shock-Wave/Boundary-Layer Interactions in Curvilinear Coordinates.- Navier-Stokes and Experimental Modeling of Blunt-Base Rocket Nozzle Flow.- Session 4 Interactions in Three-Dimensional Steady Flows Chairman: E. Krause.- A "Preview" of Three-Dimensional Shock-Wave/ Turbulent Boundary-Layer Interactions(*).- On the Inception Lengths of Swept Shock-Wave/ Turbulent Boundary-Layer Interactions.- Experimental Study of the Boundary-Layer Separation Conditions through a Shock-Wave on Airfoil and Swept Wing.- A Model of the Flow over Swept Wings with Shock Induced Separation.- Separation ahead of Blunt Fins in Supersonic Turbulent Boundary-Layers.- Session 5 Interactions in Three-Dimensional Steady Flows Chairman: H. Fernholz.- Some Observations of Three-Dimensional Shock-Wave/ Turbulent Boundary-Layer Interactions.- Experimental Study of Shock-Wave/Boundary-Layer Interaction in a Three Dimensional Channel Flow.- Numerical Experiment with Inviscid Vortex-Stretched Flow around a Cranked Delta Wing: Transonic Speed.- Supersonic Viscous-Inviscid Interaction of a Swept Compression Ramp with a Turbulent Boundary-Layer.- Shock/Boundary-Layer Interaction Model for Three-Dimensional transonic Flow Calculations.- Aerothermal Problems Associated with Viscous/ Inviscid Interaction over Hypersonic Flight Vehicles.- Session 6 Unsteady Aspects of Interaction Phenomena Chairman: O. Leuchter.- Unsteadiness of Shock-Wave Induced Turbulent Boundary-Layer Separation. A Review(*).- Reduction of Low Frequency Buffet from a Bluff Body at Transonic Speeds.- Turbulence Alteration due to Shock Motion.- Properties of Wall Pressure Fluctuations in a Separated Flow over a Compression Ramp.- A Shock-Wave/Free Turbulence Interaction.- Session 7 Other Aspects of Interaction Flows Chairman: O. Leuchter.- An Overview of some Investigations of Pressure and Thermal Distributions Induced by Trailing Edge Controls on Hypersonic Aircraft.- Fluid Turbulence: Deterministic or Statistical.


Only a very slight improvement in keeping quality of dressed halibut (Hippoglossus hippoglossus) and black cod (Anoplopoma fimbria), as evidenced by differences in viable bacterial population and trimethylamine content of excised muscle, results when the fish are stored in crushed tap water ice containing 0.1 per cent benzoic acid instead of in similar ice without this compound. The methods employed for a relatively simple determination of both viable bacterial population and trimethylamine content of the same sample of muscle are described, and the limitations of these as criteria of the relative age of dressed fish stowed in crushed ice are discussed. The "tyrosine" reaction failed to show greater effectiveness for benzoic acid ice; the values increased during storage, but were too irregular to serve as a safe criterion of spoilage.


[structure: see text]. A series of self-complexing tetrabenzimidazole cavitands have been synthesized. Alkyl chains appended to the rim helically coil into the cavity in competitive organic solvents. These "flexible arms" exchange with each other, a process shown by 2D NMR to proceed via an intermediate solvent-containing species.


A k $k$ ‐extended q $q$ ‐near Skolem sequence of order n $n$ , denoted by Nnq(k) ${{\mathscr{N}}}_{n}^{q}(k)$ , is a sequence s1,s2,…,s2n−1 ${s}_{1},{s}_{2},\ldots ,{s}_{2n-1}$ where sk=0 ${s}_{k}=0$ and for each integer ℓ∈[1,n]\{q} $\ell \in [1,n]\backslash \{q\}$ there are two indices i $i$ , j $j$ such that si=sj=ℓ ${s}_{i}={s}_{j}=\ell $ and ∣i−j∣=ℓ $| i-j| =\ell $ . For an Nnq(k) ${{\mathscr{N}}}_{n}^{q}(k)$ to exist it is necessary that q≡k(mod2) $q\equiv k\,(\mathrm{mod}\,2)$ when n≡0,1(mod4) $n\equiv 0,1\,(\mathrm{mod}\,4)$ and q≢k(mod2) $q\not\equiv k\,(\mathrm{mod}\,2)$ when n≡2,3(mod4) $n\equiv 2,3\,(\mathrm{mod}\,4)$ , where (n,q,k)≠(3,2,3) $(n,q,k)\ne (3,2,3)$ , (4,2,4) $(4,2,4)$ . Any triple (n,q,k) $(n,q,k)$ satisfying these conditions is called admissible. In this manuscript, which is Part III of three manuscripts, we construct the remaining sequences; that is, Nnq(k) ${{\mathscr{N}}}_{n}^{q}(k)$ for all admissible (n,q,k) $(n,q,k)$ with q∈⌊n+23⌋,⌊n−22⌋ $q\in \left[\lfloor \frac{n+2}{3}\rfloor ,\lfloor \frac{n-2}{2}\rfloor \right]$ and k∈⌊2n3⌋,n−1 $k\in \left[\lfloor \frac{2n}{3}\rfloor ,n-1\right]$ .


This paper investigates the effect of dc bias conditions on ferrite core losses. A technique for measuring core losses under dc bias conditions and its circuitry are also described. Measured core losses of MMG F49 material under dc bias conditions are presented to show that the core losses increase significantly under dc bias conditions. Results are also presented showing the effect of temperature and core geometry on core losses.


Real‐world datasets used for classification often face many challenges when they are imbalanced in nature which is unavoidable and need to be handled by analysts. Many researchers have proposed methods for handling imbalanced datasets and they mostly concentrated on handling binary classification with only two class labels. Only very few research works have been carried out for treating highly imbalanced datasets and fail to handle multiclass datasets. To address imbalance problem in multiclass datasets, this paper proposes a Variable Population sized Particle Swarm Optimization (VPPSO) which is a modified version of Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) which works based on clustering. PSO usually has fixed population size and has high computational complexity. In order to reduce this, the population size is varied over generations and the particles are loaded into the population iteratively by retaining the balance nature of solutions. PSO optimizes the selection of training and testing samples from each class label in imbalanced datasets for improved classification results. From the implementation results, it is evident that using VPPSO, highly imbalanced datasets with multiclass attributes are classified more efficiently than state‐of‐the‐art algorithms. The statistical results also prove the superior performance of VPPSO.