The invention provides a human fatty acid synthase-like protein (HFASLP) and polynucleotides which identify and encode HFASLP. The invention also provides expression vectors, host cells, antibodies, agonists, and antagonists. The invention also provides methods for treating or preventing disorders associated with expression of HFASLP.


INTRODUCTION: Despite the high mortality in hemodialysis patients due to cardiovascular diseases, it is unusual performing diagnostic tests for peripheral arterial disease and poorly compressible arteries. OBJECTIVES: To analyze the prevalence of peripheral arterial disease and poorly compressible arteries in hemodialysis patients, by comparing them to the Control Group. METHODS: It was a cross-sectional study with 78 hemodialysis patients and 88 non-hemodialysis patients with at least two risk factors for peripheral arterial disease (Control Group). To evaluate blood pressure, portable vascular Doppler and sphygmomanometer were used. The pressure was measured from the limb without arteriovenous fistula. The ankle-brachial index was calculated for each artery of the lower limb. It was considered normal ankle-brachial index from 0.9 to 1.3. RESULTS: We diagnosed peripheral arterial disease and poorly compressible arteries in 26.9 and 30.8% of hemodialysis patients and in 33 and 22.7% of the Control Group. In hemodialysis patients, we found abnormal ankle-brachial index in 75% of symptomatic patients (p=0.005), in 67.3% of men and 31% of women (p<0.005), in 78.6% of the elderly, 34.8% of young adults (p<0.01), and 76.9% of diabetics (p<0.005 versus nondiabetic). These patients had a higher prevalence of severe peripheral arterial disease than the Control Group. CONCLUSIONS: Abnormal ankle-brachial index was very prevalent in the groups studied; however, hemodialysis patients had more severe changes, when compared to the Control Group. Diabetes mellitus, male gender, and advanced age were important risk factors for abnormal ankle-brachial index in hemodialysis patients. The ankle-brachial index was a good method of screening for the studied changes; therefore, we suggest the routine use in the management of hemodialysis patients.


Nowadays, the number of electronic information has grown largely. Research on summarization is particularly important. Automatic summarization can accelerate the speed of access to resources. This paper studied the automatic summarization existing technical methods and the basic principle of maximum entropy model. With the principle of maximum entropy and automatic summarization technical characteristics, the automatic summarization method based on maximum entropy model is designed. Summary sentences multifaceted characteristics, design the automatic summarization sentences characteristics of maximum entropy extraction rules, different digest the results of different combinations of features. The results of experiments and examples show that the new method has a good practical effect.


The eleventh annual meeting of the Board of Governors of the International Monetary Fund was held in Washington, D. C, from September 24 through 28, 1956, under the chairmanship of Antonio Carillo Flores (Mexico). Of the six plenary sessions, two were held jointly with the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development. In addition, an informal session on recent developments in monetary analysis was held.


In recent years, several structures have been equipped with permanent monitoring systems, able to record the response in terms of displacements and strains over very long periods of time and, theoretically, for the entire life of the structure. Despite the number of applications, very few studies have been presented aimed at interpreting the data and at providing a means for detecting and localizing the insurgence of damage or material degradation from the measurements. The paper provides an approach to an algorithmic treatment of the data flows produced by continuous static monitoring systems. The proposed algorithm is the proper orthogonal decomposition (POD), a statistical method particularly suitable and versatile in multivariate analysis. However, its application in the field of damage detection for static monitoring is a new approach. The discussion will be based on data obtained by means of a computer simulation of a typical bridge structure subjected to environmental loadings. The POD will be used for studying a temporal and spatial correlation analysis between the structural responses measured at different sensor locations. The comparison in terms of damage indices of the responses from different sensors in time has been shown to be able to detect damaged sections.


By reaction of K4[SnSe4].1.5 MeOH with CdCl2 or Hg(OAc)2 in water/methanol it was possible to prepare single crystals of four novel compounds that contain ternary anionic coordination oligomers and polymers: [K10(H2O)16(MeOH)(0.5)][M4(mu4-Se)(SnSe4)4] (4: M=Cd, 5: M=Hg), [K6(H2O)3][Hg4(mu4-Se)(SnSe4)3].MeOH (6), and K2[HgSnSe4] (7), which were structurally characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. The optical absorption properties of the isostructural compounds 4 and 5, as well as those of the recently reported Zn (2) and Mn (3) analogues, were studied by UV-visible spectroscopy. These investigations showed the quaternary phases to have relatively small optical gaps for their molecular size (2.2-2.6 eV), which are similar to the excitation energies that were observed for mesostructured solids of the respective combination of elements. According to DFT investigations on the ternary anions, an experimentally observed difference between the absorption behavior of the d10 compounds 2, 4, and 5 and the open-shell d(5) compound 3 is in line with different characters of the frontier orbitals in the two cases. Both the calculations and a magnetic measurement on 3 demonstrated antiferromagnetic coupling between the mu(4)-Se-bridged Mn centers.


where it fAced twO diStinct cO-Occurring prOteStS. One wAS A SecOnd-wAve feminiSt demOnStrAtiOn thAt criticized the pAgeAnt fOr itS SexiSm And prOmOtiOn Of OppreSSive beAuty StAndArdS. the Other wAS miSS blAck AmericA, An All-blAck rivAl pAgeAnt whOSe OrgAnizerS cOndemned the inherent rAciSm Of the miSS AmericA inStitutiOn And puShed the lArger pAgeAnt tO integrAte. AlthOugh the miSS AmericA pAgeAnt wAS their cOmmOn tArget, the twO prOteStS—wOmen'S liberAtiOniSt And blAck nAtiOnAliSt—Occurred SepArAtely And hAd different gOAlS. under theSe circumStAnceS, newSpAper cOverAge preSented the wOmen pArticipAting in the prOteSt AS AntAgOniStic tO eAch Other'S cAuSeS. in light Of further reSeArch, hOwever, thiS perceptiOn prOveS fAlSe. cOnSidering infOrmAtiOn Omitted frOm cOverAge Of the prOteStS And Armed with An underStAnding Of the erA'S JOurnAliStic cOnventiOnS, it AppeArS the femAle prOteStOrS in bOth demOnStrAtiOnS indeed SuppOrted eAch Other'S gOAlS, which in turn SuggeStS thAt rAdicAl feminiSm And blAck nAtiOnAliSm Of the lAte 1960S were mutuAlly SuppOrtive mOvementS. A PAgeAnt Politicized The Rise of Intersectional Activism in 1968


The FT-IR and micro-Raman spectra of the solid Group IVB and VIB metallacyclo-sulfanes and -selenanes, Cp2ME5 (Cp = η-C5H5; M = Ti, Zr, Hf; E = S, Se), (η-C5Me5)2MS3, Cp2MS4 (M = Mo, W) and Cp2MoS2 have been recorded and assignments are presented for the cyclopentadienyl ligand vibrations and some of the low-energy modes associated with the metal-chalcogen moieties. This is the first time that attempts have been made to identify the ZrS, HfS, TiSe, ZrSe, and HfSe stretching modes in such metal chelates. For the polysulfane complexes, the peaks attributed to the symmetric ν(SS) stretching modes decrease in energy with increasing size of the catenated metal-sulfur ring and so it appears that vibrational spectroscopy can be used to distinguish between the four different ring sizes. For the polyselenanes, an empirical relationship (similar to that already known for S-S vibrations) relating the wavenumber of the symmetric ν(SeSe) stretch and the Se-Se bond length is proposed.


Cross-modal retrieval refers to accurate retrieval between data from different modes. Its core task is how to measure the similarity between different modal data across semantic divides. In this paper, a novel cross-modal retrieval model CLCMR is proposed, which makes the identification of similar samples of different images more inclusive and the identification of different samples more discriminative. Specifically, the comparative learning method is introduced into the model, the pretraining dataset is processed by the data enhancement method, and the image Encode is pre-trained to make the image features extracted by the same sample closer The difference in image characteristics of similar samples improves their recognition accuracy and accuracy. In the downstream task, in order to ensure the effect of Encode, three loss functions are selected to ensure the nativeity of the data mapping of each mode into the common space, that is, to reduce the modal loss caused by the transformation space. Finally, in order to semantically align images and text, the content of Fast-RCNN was added to the CLCMR network framework for cross-modal retrieval. In this paper, several experiments are conducted on the Pascal Sentence dataset and the XmediaNet dataset, and the results show that the CLCMR cross-modal retrieval framework proposed in this paper is used The mAP value is better than some of the methods commonly used at present, which verifies the feasibility and perfection of the method.


This report presents scintillator devices based on BaF/sub 2/ and YAP:Ce crystals for particle detection and beam monitoring of singly and highly charged ions in the CRYRING storage ring. The scintillator materials fulfil the requirement of the Extreme Ultra High Vacuum of the order of 10/sup -12/ mbar. Both crystals are known to be very fast responding scintillators. The BaF/sub 2/ crystal is mounted as a vacuum window with the PM-tube attached outside. This setup has been used for many years without any indication of deterioration, confirming the high radiation hardness of BaF/sub 2/. The device employing a YAP:Ce crystal is placed inside the vacuum tube, close to the circulating heavy ion beam. Methods have been developed for efficient transmission of the scintillation light to the PM-tube placed outside vacuum. The presented detector systems have been employed in measurements of atomic lifetimes, detection of 1 GeV Pb ions and heavy ion beams electron cooled to ordering.


A thin-film selective absorber at visible and near infra-red wavelengths is demonstrated. The structure consists of an optically thick layer of gold, a SiO2 dielectric spacer and a partially transparent gold film on top. The optical cavity so formed traps and absorbs light at a resonance wavelength determined by the film thicknesses. Observed fundamental-resonance absorption strengths are in the range 93%–97%. The absorption red-shifts and broadens as the thickness of the top gold layer is decreased with little change in absorption strength. Thus, strong absorption with design-tunable wavelength and width is achieved easily by unstructured blanket depositions. Observed angle-dependent spectra agree well with the recent three-layer analytical model of Shu et al. [Opt. Express 21, 25307 (2013)], if effective medium approximation is used to calculate the permittivity of the top gold film when it becomes discontinuous at the lowest thicknesses.


The growth parameters and mortalities of five species of Synodontis in the lower river Benue at Makurdi, Benue State were studied from January,2016 to December, 2018. The asymptotic length (L∞) calculated for the five species ranged from 18.80cm in S.clarias females to 37.04cm in S.membranaceus females. The t0 values were all negative in the combined sexes of S.clarias, S.omias, S.gambiensis and S.membranaceus. In both combined sexes of S.membranaceus and S.schall, the t0 values were positive. The growth rate (K) was low in S.clarias and S.omias (0.301- 0.497, 0.171 - 0.310) respectively and higher in S.membranaceus (0.310 - 0.640), S.schall females (0.430 - 0.580); S.schall males (0.573),S.gambiensis (0.500 - 0.571). Growth performance index (Ø') was 2.212 in S.gambiensis and 2.946 in S.schall combined. Natural Mortality (M) ranged from 0.5422 in S.omias females to 1.3340 in S.membranaceus males. Fishing Mortality (F) was 0.8214 in S.omias combined and 3.0934 in S.membranaceus females. Total mortality (Z) ranged from 1.52 in S.omias combined to 4.078 in S.membranaceus combined. Mean Exploitation (E) ratios was 0.61 in S.clarias, 0.64 in S.omias, 0.53 in S.gambiences, 0.70 in S.membranaceus, and 0.66 in S.schall. The rate at which these species survived in the River was low (from 0.147, in S.omias combined, to 1.482 in S.membranaceus combined).


The genomic organization, tissue distribution, and developmental expression of two paralogous GAPDH isoforms were characterized in the mud loach Misgurnus mizolepis (Cypriniformes). The mud loach gapdh isoform genes (mlgapdh-1 and mlgapdh-2) had different exon-intron organizations: 12 exons in mlgapdh-1 (spanning to 4.88 kb) and 11 in mlgapdh-2 (11.78 kb), including a non-translated exon 1 in each isoform. Southern blot hybridization suggested that the mud loach might possess the two copies of mlgapdh-1 and a single copy of mlgapdh-2. The mlgapdh-1 transcript levels are high in tissues requiring high energy flow, such as skeletal muscle and heart, whereas mlgapdh-2 is expressed abundantly in the brain. Both isoforms are differentially regulated during embryonic and larval development, during which their expression is upregulated with the progress of development. Lipopolysaccharide challenge preferentially induced mlgapdh-2 transcripts in the liver. Therefore, the two isoforms have diversified functionally; mlgapdh-1 is associated more closely with energy metabolism, while mlgapdh-2 is related more to stress/immune responses, in the mud loach.


Two long-traditional issues are intertwined in the question of justification. The first is the universally-accepted Christian belief that Jesus alone is the savior of the world and that his death-resurrection expiates the sins of all. The second is the equally accepted Christian belief of the absolute gratuity of God's justifying grace. Any Christian theology of sacrament which compromises either of these beliefs is incompatible with the Christian faith. Osborne's approach to the issues is both chronological and historical. He delineates the ways in which God's justification of the sinner has been theologically expressed and historically practiced, while at the same time noting the theology of justification and how it shaped the theory and the practice of sacramental reconciliation. His analysis makes clear that, although justification was not a major theological theme prior to the reformation, it was always a part of theological discussions. It is one of the values of historical analysis that it enables us to seize the absolute place of justification among the relative ways in which it is affirmed. Such historical analysis, however, important though it undoubtedly is to chart the evolution of the doctrines of reconciliation and justification over the changing years, does have a major drawback. Its step-by-step advancement from period to period, and within each period, an advancement which frequently reaches identical conclusions, can become tedious. Osborne's tracing of the historical, theological, and liturgical development of both the sacrament of reconciliation and the related doctrine of justification from the New Testament to the post-Vatican II era does not, because with its fullness of detail it cannot, escape this hazard. That it remains a book that can be read with profit even by undergraduates is a testimony to Osborno's already demonstrated skill. Reconciliation provides a rich resource for anyone seeking information on either the sacrament of penance or the Christian doctrines of justification. It should be in every theological library, including the undergraduate one.


Selecting authentic scenes about activities of daily living (ADL) is useful to support our memory of everyday life. Key-frame extraction for first-person vision (FPV) videos is a core technology to realize such memory assistant. However, most existing key-frame extraction methods have mainly focused on stable scenes not related to ADL and only used visual signals of the image sequence even though the activities usually associate with our visual experience. To deal with dynamically changing scenes of FPV about daily activities, integrating motion and visual signals are essential. In this paper, we present a novel key-frame extraction method for ADL, which integrates multi-modal sensor signals to temper noise and detect salient activities. Our proposed method projects motion and visual features to a shared space by a probabilistic canonical correlation analysis and selects key frames there. The experimental results using ADL datasets collected in a house suggest that our key-frame extraction technique running in the shared space improves the precision of extracted key frames and the coverage of the entire video.


Five famous paintings, including "The Hay Wain" by Constable, "Madame Moitessier Seated" by Ingres, Renoir's "Les Parapluies", Rousseau's "Tropical Storm With a Tiger" and Malevich's "Dynamic Suprematism" come to life as a mischievous litle girl steps right into them in an art gallery.


A GIS-based BMP tool has been developed within the EU-funded SWITCH project to enable stakeholders to identify appropriate BMPs and their locations to facilitate the control of urban runoff and to reduce the pollutant loads discharged to receiving waters. The attenuation impact of the installed BMPs on separate sewer flows has been predicted by linking this tool to a hydraulic model
(STORM). The capability of this combined tool is illustrated using a 4.5 ha section of a city centre
development site subjected to measured rainfall data for an extreme storm event. Green roofs and porous paving are used as illustrative examples of BMPs and are shown to have the potential to remove 23-26% and 22-28%, respectively of hourly based flows depending in the incident rainfall volumes. When used in combination, these BMPs have the potential to alleviate exceedance flows in
the receiving pipe system. The installation of BMPs is also demonstrated to reduce the short term flow
variability caused by rainfall fluctuations and hence to enable planners to more accurately design sewer systems with the required capacity.


Trends in management thinking suggest that the business world today is complex, (R.D. Stacey, 1994; 1996; J.E. McKenzie, 1996) uncertain (T. Peters, 1987: R.A.G. Monks, 1998), global, and predominantly knowledge based (M. Boisot, 1998; A. Toffler, 1990; M.D. McMasters, 1996; P. Senge, 1990). Rapid change is the watchword of the decade (G. Stalk and T. Hout, 1990; T. Peters, 1992). These contextual parameters establish two unavoidable corollaries: (i) an imperative for managers to maintain a commitment to life long learning and adaptation; (ii) technology supported interaction that will circumvent temporal, geographical and mental impediments to that learning process. Meeting the needs of busy managers in this globally distributed operating environment, raises some interesting challenges for management educators. The paper explores the way in which one long established institution-Henley Management College-has taken up the challenge. The discussion starts with an examination of the rationale for education adopted by the College. This raises some critical issues for the various stakeholders in the learning team, particularly when technology is interpolated into the process. The article goes on to explain the multimedia solutions adopted, and how those solutions are evolving to meet the practical needs of all those involved-learners, academics, educational technologists, training institution and client sponsors. (12 pages)


The diagnosis of sarcoidosis is based on clinico-radiological findings and histological evidence of non-caseating epithelioid-cell granulomas [1]. Traditionally, if pulmonary sarcoidosis is suspected, pathological diagnostic materials are often obtained using conventional bronchosco‐ py together with procedures such as bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) for evaluation of disease activity, transbronchial needle aspiration (TBNA) for hilar/mediastinal lymph node lesions, transbronchial lung biopsy (TBLB) for lung parenchymal lesions, and transbronchial biopsy (TBB) for endobronchial lesions. In most cases, however, definitive pathological diagnosis of this disease mainly depends on TBLB for lung parenchymal lesions because hilar/mediastinal lymph node lesions are often difficult to access and endobronchial lesions are uncommon. The diagnostic yield of TBLB in this disease is reportedly about 40–90% when several biopsy samples are obtained [2, 3]. When mediastinal or hilar lymphadenopathy is detected on computed tomography (CT) and cannot be diagnosed with conventional bronchoscopy, mediastinoscopy is performed to obtain histological samples. Although the diagnostic sensitivity of this procedures is >90% [4, 5], it is invasive and requires general anesthesia [5]. In this chapter, a newly developed bronchoscopic technique, endobronchial ultrasonography (EBUS)-guided transbronchial needle aspiration (EBUS-TBNA) for the definitive diagnosis of sarcoidosis is discussed.


Colissionless plasmas are non-extensive systems which, due to the long-range interaction between their components, are incapable of reaching thermal equilibrium, even in a steady state. These systems cannot, therefore, be described statistically by a single canonical distribution with well-defined inverse temperature β = 1/kBT and are commonly described via two alternative approaches: namely Tsallis statistics and Superstatistics. The use of Superstatistics in describing steady-state plasmas has been proposed by several authors, more recently Ourabah et al. In this work we study the consequences of this assumption of Superstatistics for steady-state plasmas. We explicitly show that only the ensembles characterized by the condition P(x|ρ) = ρ(H(x)) are consistent with a generalized definition of temperature introduced recently. We show how this formalism is employed in the case of plasma, considering interaction with external electromagnetic fields as well as between particles in the plasma. Our results clearly illustrate why low-energy particles tend to the Maxwellian distribution of velocities, while high-energy particles contribute to the long tails of the velocity distribution.


In the parent metal−organic framework Cu3(btc)2 material the Cu(II) pairs in the paddle wheel building blocks of the framework give rise to an antiferromagnetic spin state with an electron spin resonance (ESR) silent S = 0 ground state. The thermally excited S = 1 state of the Cu(II) pairs can be observed for temperatures above 80 K by ESR spectroscopy but give rise to an exchanged narrowed resonance line preventing the exploration of any structural details in the environment of the paddle wheel units. However, magnetically diluted paramagnetic binuclear Cu−Zn clusters can be formed by substitution of Cu(II) ions by Zn(II) at low doping levels, as already known for zinc-doped copper acetate monohydrate. Indeed, ESR, hyperfine sublevel correlation spectroscopy (HYSCORE) and pulsed electron nuclear double resonance (ENDOR) verify the successful incorporation of zinc ions at cupric ion sites into the framework of the resulting Cu3−xZnx(btc)2 coordination polymer. The formation of such paramagnetic binuclear ...


This paper details the development of an integrated website for Chemical Engineering laboratories, at the School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering at the University of Sydney. The website currently includes heat transfer, crystallisation and fluid dynamics laboratory exercises. For each of the exercises the website presents the laboratory instructions, P and IDs and a virtual tour. The virtual tour (inspired by the Carrick Project being led by Ian Cameron and Christine Norton) enables students to familiarise themselves with the laboratory equipment and its functions well before they attend their laboratory session. By rolling their cursor across a photograph of the laboratory, the students activate 'pop-ups' which show important equipment in greater detail, together with an explanation of the equipment, operating principles and relevant equations. Student questionnaire results assessing the usefulness of this experiential learning strategy are presented.


A revision of Leptopus and Notoleptopus (Phyllanthaceae tribe Poranthereae) in Malesia is presented. Both genera are present with a single species in Malesia, L. australis and N. decasnei, respectively. Phylogenetically the two genera are distinct, but morphologically their differences are minimal. Nomenclature, descriptions, distributions and various notes are presented, just as a technical drawing of both species.


Abstract : The fracture characteristics of twelve different diffusion bonded Al/Al, Ti/Ti and Ultrahigh Carbon Steel/Iron and adhesively bonded Al/Epoxy laminates were evaluated. The effects of periodic overloads on the fatigue crack retardation behavior in a roll bonded Al/Al laminate was also investigated. Specific systems investigated included: diffusion bonded 7475 Al/1100 Al, 7475 Al/6061 Al, 7075 Al/1100 Al, 7075 Al/7072 Al, Ti-6Al-4V/Commercially Pure Ti, and Ultrahigh Carbon Steel/Interstitial Free Iron; adhesively bond 7475 Al/FM73M and 7075 Al/FM73M; and roll bonded 7475 Al/1100 Al. It was found that all laminates with Al primaries exhibited substantially higher critical fracture toughness in the crack divider orientation than the corresponding baseline monolithic plate alloys.


DC-DC power supplies which supply a regulated DC output voltage to DC loads along with providing protection against short circuits and over-currents are called switch mode power supplies. Flyback topologyy is the widely used switch mode power supply topology in low power. This paper provides a step-by-step design of a flyback power supply unit for the required specifications. The aim of this flyback power supply unit is to power the logic circuits of Back-UPSs which are Schneider Electric's line interactive type of UPS. An InnoSwich is used to switch the flyback converter instead of a MOSFET to have a better efficiency. InnoSwitch is a combination of an n-cannel power MOSFET, primary control and secondary feedback control. The designed flyback power supply unit is built, tested and the waveforms are captured for verification.


In this paper,a mixture Gaussian model fusion of the raindrop detection algorithm is introduced,which is used for the scene of the rainy climate,and which can accurately detect the moving objection in the rain.First,Adaptive Gaussian mixture model is established,and using raindrop detection algorithm combined with the parameter of the Gaussian mixture model,then a image closer to the state of no rain is rebulided.Afterward,detecting the moving objection by use of the mixture Gaussian model,finally a detect region close to the true objection is obtained,and update the parameters of mixture Gaussian model.


In this article the author develops the problem of tolerance in a multicultural society according to Karl-Otto Apel's position and the point of view of the ethics of discourse. The author explains that the challenge of opening a space to different forms of socio-cultural life is the current problem of tolerance. This way, he exposes the contradictions of the negative tolerance in liberalism and the communitarian critical insufficiencies. Therefore, he presents the proposal of ethical-discursive basis about what the German philosopher has called 'affirmative tolerance'. This study concludes with some value considerations which are meant to question the necessity of affirmative tolerance in a constitutional regime, in first place, and to postulate, in second place, that the ethical-discursive basis of tolerance finds a more coherent derivation in the category of respect.


Abstract This article argues that the essentialist and the constructivist positions within theories of ethnicity are in fact compatible if one introduces a concept here called "internalized fluid capacities", connoting that which is inherently (genetically) dispositional – and in that sense biologically "anticipated" – but which remains to be developed into observable social characteristics through sociocultural impact. This perspective is based on the genetic capacity to mold or "instruct" the development of an organism from its embryonic state and onwards by using prior stages as points of departure for further instructions. In this way, certain fluid capacities become imprinted in individuals and collectivities through reinforcing interaction with the ambient society. These capacities may then harden and develop into apparent "essentials", forming a group's collective self-image. The article concludes with the suggestion that this explanatory model can be usefully applied to the debate around Swedish governmental definitions of Saamihood.


We describe effects of two substrate types,two storage ways and three salinity levels on germination characteristics of three dominant coastal plants,Spartina alterniflora,Suaeda salsa and Phragmites australis,with the goal to explore their strategies of seed germination in coastal environments.Increased salinity significantly lowered germination of all species after dry storage and that of P.australis after moist storage,whereas S.alterniflora and S.salsa after moist storage showed no significant difference.Seeds of S.alterniflora in all salinity treatments and S.salsa in median and high salinity treatments after dry storage and P.australis failed to germinate in the soil substrate.In water condition,only seeds of P.australis with dry storage in median and high salinity treatments and moist storage in high salinity failed to germinate.Moist storage had positive effects on total germination and germination rate of S.alterniflora in all salinity treatments and S.salsa in median and high salinity treatments in soil substrate,as well as those of S.salsa in median and high salinity treatments and P.australis in freshwater and median salinity treatments in water condition.Seed germination of S.alterniflora after dry storage was inhibited by median and high salinity,as well as soil burial,restricting its expansion towards high marsh.But moist seeds inundated by seawater frequently could better withstand high salinity and soil burial,leading to S.alterniflora to populate in the lower marsh.P.australis after moist storage obtained highest total germination and germination rate in freshwater,which was thought to give P.australis a competitive advantage in salt marsh conditions that received freshwater input;nevertheless,spreading toward sea of P.australis was inhibited by salinity and soil burial.Seeds of S.salsa obtained highest germination rate in both saline and buried conditions,showing rapid germination strategy and widely adaptation,which was responsible for occupying the middle and high marsh in the coastal environments.


Computer graphics is a topic of rapidly growing importance in the field of computer science. It has always been one of the most spectacular branches of computer technology. Since vision provides one of the richest method of communication, it is therefore of extreme importance to improve the quality of visual communication. Also for applications like three dimensional graphics, animation etc., a high performance graphics system is inevitable.Due to all these reasons, special purpose hardware is used along with general purpose microprocessors to design graphics workstations. With the advance in VLSI technology, this special purpose hardware has been designed using a variety of chips. Depending on the extent to which these chips can unload the host processor of graphics related activities, we have classified the chips into four generations. A survey of these generations is presented in this paper.


Applications of evolutionary computation (EC) techniques to computer vision are drawing increasing interest from researchers. There are many different ways in which EC techniques can be used as an effective aid to solve problems in the computer vision domain. This paper provides a brief review of the opportunities offered by EC to researchers in computer vision, trying to classify them according to different criteria, such as the EC technique being used, the level in the video chain at which evolutionary processes occur, and the relevance that the evolutionary component has in the final solution.


In this article have determined the effect of the vitamin feed additive «VitAmMin» at a dosage of 0,7 and 1,0 ml/l of water in the diets of young geese. It was established that the use of the vitamin feed additive «VitAmMin» in feeding young geese had a positive effect on the dynamics of live weight, growth, yield of half-gutted and gutted carcasses, the number of edible parts of the carcass and muscle tissue, including pectoral and femoral muscles, high energy nutritional value of muscle tissue and its content of fat and protein, as well as the safety of livestock and the level of profitability of goose meat production. The goslings of the experimental groups, who received the VitAmMin vitamin feed additive as part of the diet, surpassed the goslings of the control group in terms of live weight gain by 5,25 and 5,11%, respectively, the total live weight gain by 9,50% and 7,35%, in terms of the output of gutted carcasses, goslings by 1,75 and 1,40%. The total cost of raising poultry in the experimental groups of goslings, which received the VitAmMin vitamin feed supplement as part of the diet, was 5,80 and 4,84% higher than in the control group, the level of profitability of goose meat production in the experimental groups was higher by 7,00 and 5,10%, respectively, compared with the control.


The reactive evaporation method of injected metal powders was investigated for preparing oxide nanoparticles. The method has advantages such as evaporation is enhancement of the injected powder owing to exothermic reaction heat of the metal powder oxidation in induction thermal plasmas. Tangential gas flow injection to the plasma tail flame controls the diameter and the yield of the oxide nanoparticles. The purpose of this research is to investigate the effect of the injection gas flow on the preparation mechanism of oxide nanoparticles in thermal plasmas by experimental work and numerical analysis. An increase in the flow rate of the injection gas leads to an increase in the diameter as well as the yield of the prepared nanoparticles. Numerical analysis for nucleation and growth provides the preparation mechanism of the oxide nanoparticles; however, a more sophisticated model should be developed.


Introduction: the assessment of handgrip strength has been described as a marker of overall health status of the individual as well as being a simple, inexpensive tool. Objective : evaluating the handgrip strength in individuals who regularly attended a support group and identify the correlation between the handgrip strength and anthropometric measurements such as waist circumference and BMI. Methods: This was a cross sectional study in individuals of both sexes, aged up to 60 years, patrons of a support group for non-probabilistic sample. Was collected weight and height to obtain the measurement of body mass index (BMI), abdominal circumference (AC) was collected with an inelastic tape measure and ultimately assessed grip strength in his right hand and left using the dynamometer. Results: a total of 23 individuals, most female 14/9 (60.9%), middle-aged, overweight and AC changed. With mean (SD) of right and left hand muscle strength, respectively, 26.5 (5.8) KJF and 22.9 (6.9) KJF. In the presence of changed AC, there was a mean (SD) of right manual muscle strength, 24.6 (4.6) KJF and left 20.6 (4.9) KJF lower than normal AC. Measure of the difference in standardized means (DSM) was 1.22 related to the right handgrip strength and waist circumference, and on the left was 1.29. Little difference was observed in right muscle strength 26.6 (6.3) KJF, and left 22.3 (7.3) KJF with BMI altered when compared to normal BMI; DMP was 0.14 relative to the handgrip strength right and BMI, while for the left side was 0.24. Conclusion : dynamometer is itself an important assessment tool for overall health status; furthermore, when applied in conjunction with BMI and AC it may suggest


Epidemiology sometimes pursues hypotheses with strong prior probability. Some researchers might even suggest that studies would ideally proceed from firm biologic findings through increasingly complex levels of organization to free-living human populations. In practice the evolution of knowledge is rarely—if ever—so orderly. When epidemiologists contend with a question driven by public health concerns, the foundation for a causal association is often fragmentary, and the likelihood of an effect is typically very small. This certainly applies to the potential carcinogenicity of emissions from cell phones (or mobile telephones as they are known in Europe). The initial epidemiologic data on this question have been reassuringly negative. 1–3 The only demonstrated health risks are the obvious ones associated with inattention while driving. 4 Aside from a few studies using questionable methods, 5– 6 the evidence on cell phones and


To satisfy the requirements of the high precision vernier-gimballing function of a magnetically suspended flywheel,an axial magnetic bearing biased with a permanent magnet,i.e.,the axial gimballing magnetic bearing(AGMB) is presented,with the capacity of controlling the 3 degrees of freedom rotor motion including axial translation and radial tilt.The concepts of bias-flux coupling degree and control-flux coupling degree are introduced and defined.Based on the coupling degree analytical expression of AGMB and the traditional radial magnetic bearing biased with a permanent magnet(called radial gimballing magnetic bearing applied for vernier-gimballing,RGMB for short) from an equivalent magnetic circuit,the quantitive relationship between the magnetic circuit model and the coupling degree is constructed,and the coupling degree influence on the magnetic bearing performance,such as its bias-force change rate,current stiffness change rate,and maximal loading ability,is obtained to further decide flywheel vernier-gimballing performance.This opens a theoretical path for the analysis and evaluation of magnetic flux coupling and magnetic bearing performance.It is verified by magnetic-circuit analysis and finite element(FE) simulation that the coupling degree and bias-force change rate,current stiffness change rate of AGMB are nearly one order less than those of RGMB,and the maximal gimballing moment of flywheel is 2.7 times larger.As a result,a 50 N·m·s flywheel based on AGMB has the large and high precision gimballing capacity of 0.5° maximal gimballing angle,8.1 N·m maximal gimballing moment,and less than 15% of bias-force change rate and current stiffness change rate over all the statues.


A method for diagnosing a particulate matter sensor is described. In one example, a liquid is purposefully injected into the exhaust system to verify operation of the particulate matter sensor. Reliability of particulate matter diagnostics may be improved by way of the approach, at least during some conditions.


We define the new generalized dierence Riesz sequence spaces 2q r (p,B r ) and 2q r (p,B r ) which consist of all the sequences whose B r transforms are in the Riesz se- quence spaces r q 1 (p),r q c (p) and r q 0 (p), respectively, introduced by Altay and Basar (2006).


Computer aided detection and classification system has been developed to detect breast cancer at an early stage by predicting the area and texture of malignant tumours. Noise removal and image enhancement is carried out in the pre-processing stage by using adaptive median filter and contrast limited histogram equalisation techniques. Improved watershed segmentation technique with appropriate internal and external markers, have proved to be an efficient approach in detecting the region of interest. The detected tumours are classified using feedforward artificial neural network that are trained using textural features. Area and entropy features extracted from malignant tumours aids in early detection of breast cancer by categorising malignant tumours as belonging to stage I or stage II. The overall efficiency of the system, for identifying stages of malignant tumour is 92%, which has been identified to be high when compared to all existing systems. Mammogram images from Mammographic Image Analysis Society (MIAS) database was used for training the system and efficiency of the system was tested using real time hospital images.


On the researches of competence education,we are accustomed to fall into the are

a in which the conceptions of competence education and marksseeking education

a

re correspondant.Quering such a simplistic thinking,this article maintains the f

ixedtendency of breaking and setting up thinking to be cast off,opposes simpli

f

ying the complex relations in intergrative objects,makes every effort to describ

e accurately and define finally the lines of threedimensional figure that is t

o be simulated.From the social influence and stage development,this article demo

nstrates the indistinction feature of competence education and shows the practic

al performance to prove the views.


Piezoresistive microcantilever sensors may be used in a variety of sensing applications, including chemical analytes and some types of biological species. These sensors employ a tiny piezoresistive microcantilever functionalized with a "sensing material" that acts as a probe for the desired analyte. In this study, the microcantilever was partially embedded into the sensing material, producing a sensor element that is highly rigid and resistant to shock, making it suitable for portable or handheld operation. The sensing material matrix used was Hypol, a hydrogel capable of preserving the bio-functionality of molecules embedded into it. This matrix was combined with acetylcholinesterase to form the finished sensing material. Results of exposing these sensors to a VX simulant, malathion, are presented for both vapor and liquid environments.


What allaws an individual to become a IIteacher" in the real sense of the word? What is the difference between teaching and giving a lesson? "Janos Starker iswithoutdoubt thegreatest cellist in the world-a musician and teacher second tonone." These are the words ofJosef Gingold describing hiscolleague on the occasion ofStarker's selection asthe first recipient ofthe Tracy M. Sonneborn Award atIndiana University. TheSonnebornaward honors a faculty member who has achieved distinction asa teacher andasa scholar or artist. The following article is based on Starker's remarks given at the award ceremony. Starker's distinguished careerasaconcert artist iswellknown throughhisperformances inmajormusiccenters throughout theworld and through his recordings. His equally distinguished career as a teacher has profoundly influencedgenerationsofcellistsand teachers. Inthisarticle,heeloquentlypresents his perspectiveonthe relations between these two aspects and their ultimate unification in the life of the artist-teacher.


This paper explores Schumpeter's hypothesis to discuss the trade of between static and dynamic efficiency.By comparison three models of free-entry oligopoly,blocked-entry oligopoly and social optimum,we conclude technology opportunity is a crucial variable which affects market concentration.This paper proves the firm number of free-entry will exceed social optimum,and lead to dynamic efficiency waste.The government should completely consider the industry characteristic before it issues competition policies.It should lower the entry standard for those industries of low technology opportunity to enhance static efficiency while not losing too much dynamic efficiency.To high technology opportunity industry such as high-tech industry,on the contrary government should enhance entry standard and market concentration to get more dynamic efficiency.


Democratic transition in Latin America has made an important progress in the last twenty years. However, strong social deficits persist all over the region. This article intends to analyze the role of inequality in the democracies of Latin American subcontinent.


The current COVID-19 pandemic has placed immense value on our interior settings and their respective objects. As a result, interior spaces, augmented with virtual streams of data, are becoming instrumental settings for everyday activities. Such a state engenders new thinking regarding interior space, one in which private settings are understood as primary nodes for public exchanges. The implications of this new environment are all-encompassing, positioning the most intimate places and objects at the core of improvised virtual communities and subjecting private spaces to rapid retooling to address unfamiliar urgencies. The resulting condition  is one of amalgamated physical and virtual parameters, often with discordant assemblies. Central to this unfolding state of affairs, technology has emerged as an indispensable medium. The legibility of our settings through digital devices has led to a new type of processed interior space; fragmented and dispersed across various localities, it is unified through its reading within the boundary of the screen.
This article presents a set of graphic reflections on computer-screen interiors, coined screenteriors. While this new public interior was courtesy of a global pandemic, it is here to stay. Screenteriors are set within our intimate places and privy to various facets of our everyday lives. They are transmitted in real-time and often recorded on distant storage clouds, scrambled at times, subject to delays and freezes, filtered, and modified at will, streamed back and forth between recipients and devices, and always under the gaze of the camera. Here and now, a new interior emerges where screens frame and interpolate a new typology of space.


Abstract : A one-dimensional parameter study which identifies the dependence of teleseismic magnitude on near source material properties was carried out. The major results of the material parameter sensitivity study may be summarized as follows: (1) increasing the air-filled porosity greatly reduces seismic coupling; (2) if any parameter describing the yield surface is varied such that the material strength is reduced, seismic coupling may be substantially enhanced; (3) seismic coupling is relatively insensitive to water content; a slight decoupling is observed with increasing water content: (4) increasing the overburden pressure substantially reduces seismic coupling. The near field coupling and the equivalent elastic source were computed for the recent underground explosion, Mast, at Pahute Mesa. The next step is to generate synthetic seismograms for this event at recently specified receiver locations. The enhanced computational capabilities for treating realistic earth structures will be exercised in this experiment.


When carrying out the air pump system diagnostics, ECU 15 is closed canister vent solenoid valve 11 to block the 5 pipe from the atmosphere, after pressurizing the 5 pipe to the target pressure by driving the air pump 12 to stop the air pump 12 the check valve 13 in the sealed state of the pipe 5 is closed Te, diagnosing the airtightness based on the pressure fluctuation pressure gauge 6 measures. Under the conditions to avoid the driving of the air pump 12 to implement EONV method diagnostics, diagnosing the airtightness based on natural pressure fluctuation due to a temperature change in the pipe 5 which closes the canister vent solenoid valve 11 and the check valve 13.


The paper describes the static and dynamic performances of the main transmission system of Oman with the 400kV Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) electricity interconnection between Oman and Abu Dhabi. A detailed model of the transmission system of Oman is obtained to simulate the steady-state and dynamic system performances using the DIgSILENT software. The model includes simulation of the generating units at power plants with their turbines, speed governors, exciters and voltage regulators. The UAE system is represented by an external source. Simulation results are presented to show the feasibility of successful operation with exchange of up to 400MW between Oman and UAE in either direction in 2014. The results include line and transformer loadings, voltage profiles, fault currents, and dynamic system responses to tripping the 400kV interconnector.


Irradiation with either broad-spectrum near-ultraviolet (fluorescent BLB (black light blue)) or monochromatic wavelengths in the near-ultraviolet range (320 to 400 nanometers) can cause specific damage to DNA as shown in experiments with Escherichia coli K12 AB2480 at the stationary phase of growth.


The eco-environment of western oil field is severely damaged because of wide distribution,high dispersion,fragile ecological environment and poor self-purification.After detailed analysis of construction,operation and failure of oil gas gathering pipelines in the western area of China,it is recommended to strengthen the quality inspection and quality control in the construction of oil gas gathering pipelines so as to strictly control the pipeline failure and damages in the early stage of pipeline construction.In the operation of pipelines,the inspection and real-time monitoring can effectively eliminate the potential safety hazard and occurrence of oil gas leaking accidents.It is also proposed to establish a compete "Emergency Response for Environmental Protection" for pipeline operation to eliminate environmental pollution by failure accidents or minimize the environmental pollution when failure accidents occur.The environmental protection measures in the construction and operation and failure accidents in the operation of gathering pipeline are summarized and feasible recommendations are proposed for the sustainable development of oil gas gathering pipelines in the western area of China and environmental protection.


The 13C chemical shifts of the azomethine carbon atoms have been determined for a series of meta- and para-substituted benzylideneanilines PhCHNC6H4R3(1)–(8), p-NO2C6H4CHNC6H4R3(9)–(17), R1C6H4CHNPh (18)–(26), andp-NO2C6H4C(CN)NC6H4R3(27)–(32) in CDCl3 solution. For the compounds (1)–(17), good ρ+σ+ correlations are observed; the ρ+ values are 2.73 for compounds (1)–(8) and 3.52 for the compounds (9)–(17). However, the shifts with m- and p-nitro substituents show small but appreciable lower-field deviations. For the compounds (18)–(26) plots of chemical shifts vs.σ+ constants give two lines intersecting at σ+= 0, explicable by the overlapping effects. For the nitriles (27)–(32) the plots give two lines which do not intersect, but plots of chemical shifts vs. the reciprocals of the λmax of the K band of the electronic spectra are found to be a straight line. This is explicable in terms of unusually strong resonance electron donation from the phenylimino system. Reaction constants (ρ+) changed from 2.49 for (1)–(3) through 3.28 for (9)–(11) to 9.39 for (27)–(29). Apart from the dihedral angle, the sensitivities of chemical shifts to the electronic effects of the substituents in the aniline ring are affected strongly by the degree of electron demand of the carbon atom of the CN moiety.


This research is motivated by the low ability to write the beginning of students and the ability to use spelling in writing. This is because there is no emphasis on language learning, especially writing skills. Therefore, this research is done to overcome the problem, by applying Drill method in learning process. The purpose of this study, is to describe the planning, implementation, and improvement of writing skills beginning of students based on PUEBI after the implementation of Drill method. Participants or subjects of this study are the third grade students of elementary school in the city of Bandung. This type of research is PTK through three cycles with qualitative and quantitative data analysis techniques. Then the design of this research using Kemmis and Taggart research design consists of four stages, namely planning, implementation, observation, and reflection. The instrument of this research consists of observation of the application of Drill method, field notes, test, and documentation. The results of the test write the beginning of the students, showing the average percentage of students' initial writing ability on the first cycle is 60%, cycle II has increased, ie to 80%, 92% cycle III. Based on the data, it can be concluded that, the application of Drill method can improve students writing skill based on PUEBI in third grade of elementary school.


Volatile fatty acids (VFAs) are major components of odors associated with agricultural operations and livestock
housing, solid waste processing and disposal, industrial and municipal wastewater collection, and treatment systems.
Emission estimation and assessment of odor control methods depend on reliable air sampling and analysis methods for VFAs.
The objective of this research was to develop and test a method for continuous and reliable generation of standard gas mixtures
for VFAs based on permeation tubes. Standard gas mixtures for acetic, propionic, isobutyric, butyric, isovaleric, valeric, and
hexanoic acids were generated with permeation tubes and monitored for a 100-day period. The gravimetric loss of VFAs from
each tube was measured periodically and used to calculate the emission rate for each permeation tube. Emission rates were
as high as 2,011 ng/(min cm) for acetic acid to as low as 49 ng/(min cm) for isovaleric and hexanoic acids. The emission rate
was combined with the dilution flow rate to calculate standard concentrations. Five different concentrations for each VFA
were obtained by adjusting the dilution flow rate. Gas concentrations were monitored with DVB/Carboxen/PDMS 50/30 .m
SPME fibers using triplicate 1 min extractions. Maximum standard gas concentrations ranged from 21.9 ppmv for acetic acid
to 0.22 ppmv for hexanoic acid. Minimum standard gas concentrations ranged from 3.0 ppmv for acetic acid to 0.03 ppmv
for hexanoic acid. The relative standard deviations (RSDs) for all VFA concentrations ranged from .1.6% to .7.8%. Rapid
(1 min) SPME extractions were sufficient to preconcentrate significant amounts of VFAs for separation on a GC-FID without
derivatization. The SPME technology proved to be very useful for monitoring standard gas mixtures. Dilution gas flow rate
did not affect the emission rates from permeation tubes. In contrast, low acid levels affected permeation rates of the acids
from the tubes. The methodology described in this article could be used to generate and test standard gas mixtures for other
odorous gases.


At present,because of the digital substation and smart grid development,the requirement on performance of RTU must be more and higher.Thus the design of RTU based on ARM7TDMI(-S) chip has been discussed.This RTU using μC/OS-Ⅱhas kinds of communication interfaces and multi protocols.The hardware and software design of 2294 has been introduced in detail.The communication method by the 103 Protocol taken by the SAC has been emphatically discussed.At last the future programs for providing more functions so that it can satisfy the requirement of the digital and smart grid has been given.


A view from a former commissioner closely involved in instituting the single market agreement, Lord Cockfield a retrospective view from someone active in the original establishment of the community, Francois Duchene reform of the financial constitution of the EC, Dieter Biehl the single market and European policies for advanced technology, Margaret Sharp how realistic is the idea of politics at the European level? William Wallace implementing the single market -transport policy and public procurement policy, James Campbell trade union, industrial relations and European unification, Otto Jacobi 1992 and the British, German and Italian state traditions, Hans Kastendiek institutional implications - relations between European Parliament, Commission and Council - the "Democratic Deficit", John Pinder a French perspective - the high politics of French policy towards 1992, Jonathan Storey.


Abstract Only recently has Egyptology begun to examine ideology and its implications for our self-understanding and our understanding of ancient Egypt, of Egyptology as a discipline, and of the past as a whole. Part of this effort is Thomas Schneider's important research on Egyptology and Egyptologists in the third Reich. In the present volume, P. Raulwing and T. Gertzen study and document the career and thought of F.W. Freiherr von Bissing; Schneider publishes Georg Steindorff's letter to John Wilson about Egyptologists in the Third Reich, extensively documenting the scholars mentioned in it and many more besides; and L. Ambridge explores the racial dimension of James H. Breasted Sr.'s historical thought. The continuing influence and relevance of these people and events is shown inter alia by the recent controversy over Steindorff's collection of Egyptian antiquities.


Lin Hui-yin is a famous female celebrity in modern history of literature in China.Although she only writes a few poems,some of them are so outstanding that almost no other poems can be compared with them.Shen Cong-wen is famous for his novel-writing.Besides,he also writes some poems,many of which are rhythm poems.Only a few of them are free verses.Shen Cong-wen is good at writing love poems,in which a special feeling that one wants to love but dare not to love crazily.


The present paper describes some of the most relevant events in the development of psychology in Latin America. After proposing a synthesis of antecedents, the paper addresses some scientific and professional activities leading to the birth of scientific psychology in several Latin American countries during the last decade of the 19th century. Next, the paper describes the foundation of university-level institutions for education and professional training of psychologists during the first half of the 20th century. Finally, some reflections comment on the mechanisms which led to the creation and maintenance of several scientific communities contributing to a thriving contemporary Latin American psychology. Cet article decrit certains des evenements les plus pertinents dans le developpement de la psychologie en Amerique latine. Apres une synthese des antecedents, l'article presente certaines activites scientifiques et professionnelles menant a la naissance de la psychologie scientifique dans plusieurs pays ...


Or with a tubular component comprising a system and method for providing zonal isolation in a hydrocarbon well, the tubular assembly having an upstream manifold, gravel packing conduit, the delivery conduit, and downstream flow conduits leakage path. Carrying the tubular assembly is adapted to receive and guide the mortar gravel carrying at least a portion of the mortar to the gravel gravel packing conduit. Leakage through the catheter by at least partially dehydrated, carrying away the mortar gravel filling gravel packing conduit annulus between the tubular assembly and the wellbore. Leakage is further filled catheter tubular component received by gravel carried mortar gravel. Leakage flow through the conduit control valve dehydration. Providing an annular space with gravel packing and gravel packing leakage catheter-based horizon gravel packer system.


Laboratory measurements of neutral atmospheric boundary layer (ABL) are presented. The experiment was carried out in the large rotating tank of the Coriolis-LEGI laboratory in Grenoble. An ABL was created at reduced scale and measured. The mean flow was generated, both increasing (spin-up) and decreasing (spin-down) the rotation speed of the platform. Preliminary measurements by acoustic probes were used to assess the decay with time of the flow velocity at the position where turbulence measurements were subsequently performed. The mean velocity and the turbulence fields were then measured by using PIV (Particle Image Velocimetry) technique, which allows to obtain high-resolution measurements in the simulated ABL. For each rotation period and velocity conditions, two vertical
cross-sections of the flow were measured at different times, then 3D velocity fields were reconstructed from the two planar fields under convenient geometric (orthogonal)
and physical assumptions (reproducibility of the flow). The aim of this work is to collect a useful data set for testing and comparing turbulence models and
parameterisations. For this reason, particular attention was paid to the turbulence statistics, turbulent fluxes and scales. The results of the data analysis are presented and discussed.


PURPOSE: A reinforcing method using a precast concrete panel is provided to reduce a construction period and a construction cost by increasing the internal force of the construction structure. CONSTITUTION: A reinforcing method using a precast concrete panel comprises: a step of manufacturing a precast concrete pane suitable for a building structure of a load bearing structure(100); a step of removing a non-load bearing structure(200) from the inside of an internal force structure; a step of punching an anchor hole(110) on the inner circumference of the internal force structure; a step of mounting an anchor on the anchor hole; a step of mounting a precast concrete panel using a joint hardware for the inner circumference of the internal force structure; a step of charging a filler between an internal force structure and precast concrete panel; and a step of mounting a finish material in the filler.


We present a simple characterization of equivalent Bayesian network structures based on local transformations. The significance of the characterization is twofold. First, we are able to easily prove several new invariant properties of theoretical interest for equivalent structures. Second, we use the characterization to derive an efficient algorithm that identifies all of the compelled edges in a structure. Compelled edge identification is of particular importance for learning Bayesian network structures from data because these edges indicate causal relationships when certain assumptions hold.


Taxation being the primary source of revenues to government is an important economic tool in attaining economic growth and sustainability. Thus, this research examines the position of taxation in Nigeria fourth republic economy. The study adopted a descriptive and historical research design; secondary data for nineteen years (1999 2018) were collected from various issues of the Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) statistical bulletin and annual reports. Tax revenue as an independent variable was measured with Direct taxes and indirect taxes and Nigerian economy measured using Real Gross Domestic Product. The data was analyzed using multiple regression analysis to establish the relationship between the dependent and independent variables. Durbin Watson test carried out and multicolinerity test using the VIF factor. From the study, we examined that, tax revenues are significant to economic growth in Nigeria. The study concluded that, direct taxes have positive relationship with economic growth and indirect taxes have negative relationship with Nigerian economy. GJMBR-C Classification: JEL Code: F43 TaxRevenueandNigerianEconomyExaminingthePositionofTaxationintheFourthRepublicnEconomy19992018 Strictly as per the compliance and regulations of: Tax Revenue and Nigerian Economy: Examining the Position of Taxation in the Fourth Republic


The imbalance of regional economy development is ubiquitous in China,whose causes include many factors such as politics,economy,law and so on,among which,the legal factors involve in the civil law,administrative law,economic law and other laws.At present,an important factor is that China does not give full play the role of the tax law regulation,therefore,this paper analyzes the performance of the disorder of China tax laws,causes and consequences,introduces the related experience of foreign countries on tax law regulating the coordinated regional economy development and puts forward the countermeasures for tax law to boost the coordinated regional economy development on the basis of demonstrating the feasibility of the experience of the foreign countries in China.


One in 4000-4500 live female births will eventually be diagnosed with congenital absence of the vagina and uterus. This condition is known by many names, the most consistent are: Mullerian aganesis or theMayer-Rokitansky-Kuster-Hauser syndrome.


A global transfers computer system is configured to facilitate global transfers for customers having a plurality of accounts with different entities in different countries. The global transfer may bea foreign exchange (FX) transfer or a non-FX transfer. The global transfers computer system includes a customer database, a user interface, and at least one computer implementing a global customer data computer application, a global transfers computer application, and/or a foreign exchange computer application. Various embodiments are described, including a computer implemented method for performing global transfers using a global transfers computer system.


Sambung Nyawa (Gynura procumbent [Lour]. Merr) is commonly well-known as traditional medicine. It contains several chemical constituents such as flavonoids, saponins, tannins and steroids or triterpenoids, which are potential as an antioxidant. The aim of this study was to analyze the effect of Sambung Nyawa leaves to extract as an antioxidant and its ability to preserve the quality of coconut oil. First, flavonoids were extracted from Sambung Nyawa leaves at various leaf to the solvent ratio (w/v) and extraction temperature. The extracts which gave the highest total flavonoids content was added into the coconut oil and stored for 3 days, 6 days, 9 days, 12 days, and 15 days. Total flavonoids content of Sambung Nyawa leaves extracts were evaluated by UV-Vis spectrophotometry. Coconut oil was analyzed for its value of acid, iodine, and peroxide number. The results showed that the highest total flavonoids content of 5.18% was obtained for the leaf to solvent ratio of 1:15 (w/v) and an extraction temperature of 65 °C. The lowest acid number of 0.35%, the highest iodine number of 8.09 g I2/100 g, and the lowest peroxide number of 5.20 mg O2/100 g was obtained for the storage time of 3 days for coconut oil mixed with the Sambung Nyawa leaves extracts.


Railway mainline improvement along critical sectors with high gradients and affected by natural hazards is a tough objective to be achieved by engineering projects. The present paper analyses a typical section of the Romanian railway network, where an old technical solution (within 8 km of rail there are eight curve sectors, 170-250 m in radius each and with gradients as high as 25-27‰.) limited the efficiency of rail traffic. The main cause for accident instances and increased maintenance costs over this section used to be line configuration but, recently, landslide occurrences definitely became a factor worth weighting upon in infrastructure planning as they are known to have interrupted the traffic for months. The geomorphotechnical map (focuses on engineering works as an indicator of major geomorphic limitations) was validated with the help of field data and the geotechnical diagram analysis. The objective is mapping and analysis of the relationship between railway infrastructure and morphodynamic features in order to obtain a map of a practical significance. Our study concludes by proposing new solutions for traffic improvement considering that this section will be a section of the Southern Branch of the IV-th Pan European Corridor, connecting Central Europe to Turkey and Greece.


Dönitz and his relationship to Hitler helps significantly to explain why Hitler selected the admiral as his successor. In the end, Allied bombing of production factories and shortages of labor delayed the production of the new submarines promised by Dönitz. Moreover, the first Type XXIs launched had technological deficiencies and malfunctions. Of the sixty-two Type XXIs produced by January 1945, only one started on a cruise on April 30. The production of another smaller submarine, the Type XXIII, suffered similar problems and results. The author has supported his study with extensive research in the principal naval and other military archives as well as in the relevant memoir and secondary literature.


An increasing problem faced by the aerospace industry is the erosive wear of engine components. Various PVD protection coatings have been used previously to combat this wear problem, but with limited success. This paper presents results obtained with a low-temperature CVD, erosion resistant, multilayer tungsten carbide coating system. The coating can be deposited at temperatures below 500°C on ferrous alloys used in the aerospace industry. The low temperature of deposition eliminates the problem of degradation of mechanical properties that occurs with normal high-temperature chemical vapor deposition processes. High-cycle fatigue strength and other mechanical property data are presented for coated stainless steel, as well as results on erosion and impact resistance at 90° impingement.


—The categorization of brain images into normal or abnormal categories is a critical task in medical imaging analysis. In this research, we propose a software solution that automatically classifies MRI brain scans as normal or abnormal, specifically focusing on glioblastoma as an abnormal condition. The software utilizes first-order statistical features extracted from brain images and employs seven different classifiers, including Support Vector Machine (SVM) and K-Nearest Neighbors (KNN), for classification. The performance of the classifiers was evaluated using an open-source dataset, and our findings showed that SVM and KNN classifiers performed equally well in accurately categorizing brain scans. However, further improvements can be made by incorporating more images and features to enhance the accuracy of the classifier. The developed software has the potential to assist healthcare professionals in efficiently identifying abnormal brain scans, particularly in cases of glioblastoma, which could aid in early detection and timely intervention. Further research and development in this area could contribute to the advancement of healthcare technology and patient care.


After the submission of this paper on February 25, 2006, a series of strong earthquakes with magnitude up to 5.7-units (according to the United States Geological Survey, or 5.9 according to the Athens Observatory) occurred with epicenters lying at distances 80 to 100 km west of PAT station at which the intense signals –analyzed in the main text- had been recorded on February 13, 2006. This confirms experimentally the classification of these signals as Seismic Electric Signals (SES) activity that was made well in advance. Finally, we present here additional data collected after the initial submission of the paper.


The choosing the best prediction method of education results is major challenge of Educational Data Mining (EDM). This EDM paper compares the results of student's performance forecast produced by the individual binary classifiers (Naive Bayes, Decision Tree, Multi-Layer Perceptron, Nearest Neighbors, Support Vector Machine algorithms) and their ensembles, which are trained (tested) on dataset containing up to 38 input attributes (weekly attendance in mathematics, the intensity of study, interim assessment) of 84 (36) secondary school students from Nasiriyah, Iraq. The two-class school performance was predicted – passing or not passing on final exam. Three following stages of comparison were completed. Аt the first stage of the experiment, the dependence of classifiers from the input attributes was investigated. It was shown that the forecast accuracy rises from 61.1–77.7% when all 38 attributes were used, to 75.0–80.5%, if base classifier trained with five attributes pre-selected by Ranker Search method. Then, in second stage, to each of the basе classifier the AdaBoost M1 procedure has been applied and five homogenous ensembles were created. And only two of these ensembles demonstrated small rise of 3% in accuracy comparing to corresponding stand-alone classifier, but the overall maximal prediction accuracy of 80.5% stayed the same. Finally, comparing the accuracies of 77.7% and 83.3% achieved by the heterogeneous ensemble consisted of five simple voting base classifiers and by the heterogeneous meta-ensemble of five simple voting AdaBoost homogenous ensembles correspondingly, we conclude that improvement of the quality of the individual classifier or homogeneous ensembles allows to construct more powerful EDM prediction methods.


Contained within this special issue is a selection of papers presented at the 2004 annual EUROCALL conference, hosted in early September in Vienna, Austria. CALL Austria, which is part of the great EUROCALL family, has played a major role in disseminating pedagogical approaches towards TELL and CALL within Europe since the early 1980s. It has always been a grass-roots movement, and its work has always reflected that fact that CALL Austria is run by active teachers, many of them teaching at secondary level. Thus the application of new ideas in the language classroom was a major consideration in the preparation of the 2004 Conference. In this context welcoming Eurocallers to Vienna in 2004 has been a crowning achievement and a reward for our attempts to promote the meaningful use of computer technologies in language learning. "TELL and CALL in the Third Millenium: Pegagogical Approaches in a Growing EU-Community", focussed on the great variety of concepts, applications and best-practice models concerning pedagogy and methodology supported by technological developments, particularly in relation to language learning and teaching. As in previous conferences sub-themes focussed on the changes in practices involving literacy brought about by the World Wide Web; the need to re-interpret current teaching paradigms; the relationship between the more 'traditional' language skills and the 'new literacies'; interactivity, learner interaction and feedback; and spoken and written corpora in language teaching and learning.


Experiential Dialectics. An Inquiry into the Epistemological Status and the Methodological Role of the Experiential Core in Paul Tillich's Systematic Thought.


Because of the continuum structural with uncertainty is common,the research of reliability-based topology optimization is of great significance.Techniques from the fourth prime matrix and the finite element method are employed to present the practical and effective method for the reliability-based topology optimization for continuum structural with abnormal distribution parameters in the case of given the first-forth moments of basic random variables.The topology optimization is described as pattern recognition to element and the K nearest neighbor method is extracted from the technique of pattern recognition to seek the optimized result with the element stress as variable and Euclidean distance of stress as recognition standard.Several numerical examples given to compare with optimized results with deterministic indicate that the approach proposed is a convenient and practical method.


Neural networks have been widely used in color space conversion in the digital printing process. The shallow neural network easily obtains the local optimal solution when establishing multi-dimensional nonlinear mapping. In this paper, an improved high-precision deep belief network (DBN) algorithm is proposed to achieve the color space conversion from CMYK to L*a*b*. First, the PANTONE TCX color card is used as sample data, in which the CMYK value of the color block is used as input and the L*a*b* value is used as output; then, the conversion model from CMYK to L*a*b* color space is established by using DBN. To obtain better weight and threshold, DBN is optimized by a particle swarm optimization algorithm. Experimental results show that the proposed method has the highest conversion accuracy compared with Back Propagation Neural Network, Generalized Regression Neural Network, and traditional DBN color space conversion methods. It can also adapt to the actual production demand of color management in digital printing.


correspondence: Khalid h Sait Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, PO Box 80215, Jeddah 21589, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia Tel +966 2 640 8111 Mob +966 50 569 3160 Fax +966 2 640 8111 email email@example.com Purpose: The aim of this study was to determine the actual human papillomavirus (HPV) subtype that presents in cervical dysplasia and invasive carcinoma in the Saudi population, and the feasibility of using Hybrid Capture 2 technique (HC2) on biopsy specimens to detect certain HPV subtypes. Patients and methods: A prospective study was conducted from March 2007 to December 2008. The subjects studied were women with a mean age of 48.18 years, who attended the hospital for cervical biopsy due to the suspected diagnosis of cervical dysplasia or an invasive disease, based on previous suspicious Pap smear. HPV DNA hybridization by HC2 was performed on the cervical biopsies of these patients, to detect HPV infection. Results: During the period of this study, 45 patients had cervical biopsies taken for HPV testing. Seven patients had a negative HC2 result and were found to have no cervical dysplasia on the final pathology review. Seventeen cases with cervical dysplasia and 21 patients with invasive disease were presented; the mean age was 48 years. HC2 testing for HPV were found to be positive in patients with cervical dysplasia, invasive carcinoma, and all in 5 (29.4%), 13 (61.9%) and 18 (47.4%), respectively. The sensitivity of the test is 47% and specificity is 100%. Conclusion: The use of molecular detection of HPV DNA by HC2 in biopsy is feasible and effective. These results confirm the finding that HPV contributes to the etiology of cervical cancer in Muslim society.


Telescience Resource Kit (TReK) is a suite of application programs that enable geographically dispersed users to monitor scientific payloads aboard the International Space Station (ISS). TReK provides local ground support services that can simultaneously receive, process, record, playback, and display data from multiple sources. TReK also provides interfaces to use the remote services provided by the Payload Operations Integration Center which manages all ISS payloads. An application programming interface (API) allows for payload users to gain access to all data processed by TReK and allows payload-specific tools and programs to be built or integrated with TReK. Used in conjunction with other ISSprovided tools, TReK provides the ability to integrate payloads with the operational ground system early in the lifecycle. This reduces the potential for operational problems and provides "cradle-to-grave" end-toend operations. TReK contains user guides and self-paced tutorials along with training applications to allow the user to become familiar with the system. This program was written by Michelle Schneider, Jeff Lippincott, Steve Chubb, Jimmy Whitaker, Robert Gillis, Donna Sellers, Chris Sims, and James Rice of Marshall Space Flight Center. Further information is contained in a TSP [see page 1]. MFS-31792


The firethorn which be pressed can execute the fermented wine, the wine degree of the wine is 12%. The conditions of the wine are vaccinal yeast 25mg/L, temperature 25℃, fermented day 10d.


Metals, which dominate the fields of plasmonics and metamaterials suffer from large ohmic losses. New plasmonic materials, such as doped oxides and nitrides, have smaller material loss, and using them in place of metals carries a promise of reduced-loss plasmonic and metamaterial structures, with sharper resonances and higher field concentration. This promise is put to a rigorous analytical test in this work and it is revealed that having low material loss is not sufficient to have a reduced modal loss in plasmonic structures, unless the plasma frequency is significantly higher than the operational frequency. Using examples of nanoparticle plasmons and gap plasmons one comes to the conclusion that even in the mid-infrared spectrum metals continue to hold advantage over the alternative media. The new materials may still find application niche where the high absorption loss is beneficial, e.g. in medicine and thermal photovoltaics.


Gazette is an important force to promote the development of constitutional thought.After Qing government sent five ministers to study constitutionalism and announced to implement preparatory constitutional,the information that Qing government implements constitutional is reported by gazette and conveys to all over the country in the form of the state will,which played a vital role in development of constitutional thought.Besides,gazette's dissemination is not only conducive to the dissemination of constitutional,but also fill the geographic and class blind spots of constitutional press communication.


The areal deprivation index (ADI) was calculated using deprivation-related census variables in each CA, as follows: ADI i = k × (2.99 × proportion of old couple households i + 7.57 × proportion of old single households i + 17.4 × proportion of single-mother households i + 2.22 × proportion of rent houses i + 4.03 × proportion of sales and service workers i + 6.05 × proportion of agricultural workers i + 5.38 × proportion of blue caller workers i + 18.3 × unemployment rate i), where i is an area index and k refers to a positive constant. The value of k was originally assigned by making a synthetic estimate of the number of 'poverty' households in an area. However, assigning any positive number produces the same order of CAs in terms of their deprivation score. The relative position can be used to create quartile groups of areal units in terms of areal deprivation. The weights of the ADI on the census-based variables in the above equation were taken from the estimated odds ratios in a logistic regression analysis used to predict 'poverty households', using microdata from Japanese social surveys measuring poverty, as described below. As in previous studies where this method was used to calculate deprivation [1,2], the Japanese deprivation index [3] used here defined a 'poverty household' as a household of low socioeconomic position, both objectively and subjectively; that is, a household with an equalized annual household income below half of the national median and that had a reference occupant who identified with being of low social class (i.e. selected one of the bottom two choices of a 5-point 'top-bottom self-placement' question), respectively. The income was adjusted by regional differences in housing cost and commodity prices according to the public assistance calculation system. Data for the weights of the Japanese ADI were taken from the Japanese General Social Survey (JGSS) cumulative data 2000–2003, which is a micro dataset of nationally representative samples of adult Japanese. The JGSS estimate of the national poverty rate based on the abovementioned definition was 8.62% for the 2000–2003 period. We cannot find any other similar microdata sources collected before 2000; data from the 1990s would have been ideal. The JGSS data were submitted to a logistic regression analysis, the results of which we used to derive the ADI weights in order to predict poverty households. The large weights in the above …


Nutritional assessment is an integral part of patient care since nutritional status affects a patient's response to illness. Attention to nutritional status is especially important in pediatric patients as they are also undergoing the complex processes of growth and development, which are infl uenced by the genetic makeup of the individual and coexisting medical illness in addition to nutritional status. Thus, the assessment of nutritional and growth status is an essential part of clinical evaluation and care in the pediatric setting. The assessment should allow for the early detection of both nutrient deficiencies and excesses. There is no single nutrition measurement that is best; therefore, a combination of different measures is required. Growth is an important indicator of health and nutritional status of a child, and a variety of growth charts are currently available to help with the assessment of growth. These include the 2000 Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) growth charts that represent the US population and the 2006 World Health Organization (WHO) growth charts. Each growth measurement performed needs to be accurate and obtained at regular intervals. These longitudinal data will help identify at-risk patients and will allow the monitoring of a patient's clinical response to nutritional therapy. During infancy, childhood, and adolescence, many changes in growth and body composition occur. Therefore, clinicians must understand normal growth to recognize abnormal patterns. Clinicians also need to recognize the nutritional changes that occur with acute and chronic disease. With the epidemic of pediatric obesity, the proper identifi cation of the overweight or obese patient is also important. A brief nutritional screening assessment may be used to identify patients in need of an in-depth assessment. A typical nutritional screening includes a brief medical and dietary history (including feeding ability), anthropometric measurements (eg, weight, stature), and possibly laboratory data. A full nutritional assessment includes more detailed medical and dietary histories (including a measure of dietary intake), a complete physical examination, further anthropometric and body composition measurements, sexual and skeletal maturation, laboratory data, and the estimation of nutritional requirements. A clinician's global assessment of the child based on these objective data in addition to his or her clinical judgment is also important to consider in determining nutritional status. Most often, health care professionals work as a team in gathering the information for the assessment of nutritional status of children. (see Chapter 18, "Drug Therapy and Role of Nutrition" for details)


The isotopic composition of various chemical elements in the Sun, planets and meteorites is one of the most important sources of information on the physical and chemical processes that shaped the solar system. For a long time, the presence of isotopes which show low natural abun dances and are mainly produced by the decay of radioactive nuclides, has been us ed for dating events such as the solidifica tion of minerals. Isotopes of noble gases have always been specially suited for such investigations since they are present in low concentrations in most natural samples. The most popular case is the pair 40 K → 40 Ar; by far the largest part of 40Ar present in the solar system is due to the decay of 40K. More recently, with the continuing im provement of analytical techniques, it has been possible also to use systems in which the daughter isotope is originally present in nature in much larger fractions as with the 87Rb → 87Sr system. Isotopes produced by decay of short liv ed, extinct isotopes have been used to compute time differences between the end of nucleosynthesis and solidification of parts of the solar system. The varying con tent of 129Xe in meteorites generated from the decay of 129l (T1/2 = 15.7 x 106 a), showed that the formation of the solar system, although it had not occurred in one instantaneous event, must have begun soon after the last nucleosynthetic event producing 129l. The combination of dif ferent dating techniques together with the development of efficient procedures for separating minerals from meteoritical samples down to microscopic scales, has led to rapid progress in our understanding of the events which took place during the early history of the solar system. The underlying assumption for all dating methods was that the investigated material once had a uniform isotopic composition and that all deviations from this uniform composition had been caused by processes which happened after the separation of the solar system material from a larger, cosmic reservoir, billions of years ago. Processes considered were chemical fractionation, ir radiation with energetic particles and radio active decay. Although for an amazingly large number of purposes this assumption can still be us ed as a working hypothesis, it has become now very clear that our original picture of an isotopically well-mixed early solar sys tem no longer holds. There are two reasons which have caused the change of this view. First, the refinement of analytical pro cedures as a consequence of the Apollo missions to the Moon and the availability of lunar samples for investigation and, se cond, the fall of the ALLENDE-meteorite in 1969. ALLENDE, a carbonaceous meteo rite of the rare type C3V, contains large in clusions with minerals rich in refractory elements. The appearance of such minerals is expected for samples which have con densed at elevated temperatures above 1500 K and at low pressure from a gas of solar composition. These minerals are not common in normal meteorites and hence it looked promising to investigate "early con densates", thought of as the first solid witnesses of the birth of the solar system. The result of this investigation confirmed that the story of the early solar system was much more complicated than expected. In the following, many elements in various classes of meteorites have shown evidence of incomplete mixing; isotopic anomalies have been found in the case of O, Ne, Mg, Si, Ca, Ti, Kr, Sr, Te, Xe, Ba, Nd and are expected to be found also in other elements. It is not easy to give an adequate account of all the discoveries of the last few years, so we shall touch on a few outstanding cases only. It is appro priate to state at this point, that at present there is no canonic theory of the early chemical history of the solar system as it existed still a decade ago, as it is difficult to reconcile many of the pieces of evidence available today.


Objective: To conduct an integrative review of humanized delivery care, a subject of medical relevance. Methods: A literature review was performed by consulting scientific articles indexed in the electronic databases Latin American and Caribbean Health Sciences (LILACS), Scientific Electronic Library Online (SCIELO), Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online (MEDLINE) published in the period. from 2000 to 2018 in the Portuguese and English languages. Results: In order to give back to women their role as protagonists during childbirth and to offer technical and humanized quality care, the World Health Organization and the Ministry of Health proposed conducts to be recommended in this context. However, it is still seen the practice of unnecessary interventions that do not consider the scientific evidence or the individual, social and cultural characteristics of the parturient, leading to unfavorable perinatal results, as well as negative biopsychosocial repercussions for her. Final considerations: The pregnancy-puerperal cycle should be considered a natural and physiological event in which the health team respects the wishes of the parturient. It is necessary to implement and supervise humanized teaching practices and improve the quality of public health services.


Spying is a complex business, and nowhere was this more true than in Cold War Finland. This new history of Suojelupoliisi (Supo), the Finnish security police, offers us a fresh and fascinating perspective on the way that this organization manoeuvred between the intelligence agencies of East and West during the second half of the 20th century. The book was commissioned by Supo, but it was mainly written by professional historians. It contains chapters on the history of Supo and its predecessors, on the well-known building located in Helsinki, which each of these organizations has occupied in turn, and on the current administrative structure of the security police. Although a number of different authors contributed, roughly two-thirds of the book was written by one man, Professor Kimmo Rentola from the University of Turku, who takes us through the Cold War decades. Rentola, a leading expert on Finnish communism, Finnish–Soviet relations and on the history of the small country's intelligence organizations, was allowed better access to the files of Supo than any other scholar has had previously. He exploited this opportunity in full, and Ratakatu 12 has consequently become an instant bestseller, a development that neither Supo nor the book's commercial publisher managed to foresee. Supo began its operations in 1949 immediately after its predecessor, Valtiollinen Poliisi (Valpo), was abolished. Communism had originally been the main enemy of Valpo and its predecessor, Etsivä Keskuspoliisi (1919–1937), but during the late 1940s the communists managed to take over the security service and convert it to the 'Red Valpo', as it is usually called in Finland. In this form, its activities created a widespread anxiety among non-communist Finnish politicians, and the Finnish parliament ultimately decided to abolish it in 1948. This was one of the key events in the efforts to contain the expansion of communist power in post-war Finland. Suojelupoliisi received explicit orders not to hire anyone who had worked for the communist Valpo. As a result, the only things that the new organization inherited from its predecessor were the old files and the building in Ratakatu. The personnel were mainly recruited from the regular (non-communist) police. Supo was not clearly linked to any of the political parties, but it did not take long before the organization identified communism as the main threat against the security of the nation. In public, the Finnish and Soviet political leaders sought to underline the warm relations between the two countries; but behind the scenes, Supo fought against the Finnish communists and their powerful Soviet backers. The new force was originally weak and somewhat timid, but it stepped up its efforts as time went on. Among other things, Supo created a huge registry that contained information about all known active communists in the country. Supo regarded the Soviet KGB as its main foreign opponent and, although Finland had declared itself neutral in the Cold War, the security service gradually formed close links


Accurate models of lubricant films are necessary to predict the performance of bearings under complex operating conditions. This investigation compares load predictions of the Reynolds equation and bulk flow model to that predicted by a three dimensional pseudo-spectral technique which incorporates thermal and inertial effects. Four different operating regimes along with their associated dimensionless parameters are identified. Three of these regimes are discussed, namely: laminar isothermal, turbulent isothermal, and turbulent thermal. The results provide insight into the conditions under which the Reynolds equation and bulk flow model are in good correlation with the pseudo-spectral technique. Presented at the 54th Annual Meeting in Las Vegas, Nevada May 23–27, 1998


UkrVO plate archives contain information obtained at different observatories for a long time. With using data of photographic survey of the northern sky (FON project, from -4° to 90°) in Main Astronomical Observatory of National Academy of Science (MAO) new catalogue of positions and magnitudes was obtained. The catalogue contains coordinates and magnitudes of more than 19 million stars and galaxies from 3 to 17.5 for the mean epoch of 1988.3. Comparison with the catalogues UCAC4, PPMX, XPM was carried out. The differences of common stars positions between catalogues are from 0.05"-0.06" for the 911 stars to 0.30"-0.40" for the 5-7 and 15-16 stars. The differences of common stars B-magnitudes between catalogues are from 0.05-0.10 for the 10-11 stars to 0.4-0.5 for the 6-7 and 15-16 stars. The obtained results suggest the advisability of using the new catalogue for improving proper motions of stars within the range of 8-14 magnitudes.


In this study, we compared the Student's t-test, Welch's t-test, and Mann-Whitney U test, in terms of their type I error rate and statistical power when the assumptions of parametric tests are violated in different situations. Materials used in this study, consisted of random numbers generated using the Numpy library in the Python programming language. All random numbers were generated from a normal distribution with N (0, 1) parameters. Balanced and unbalanced experimental conditions were simulated 50 000 times for each combination. The study revealed that, in comparison to other tests, Welch's t - test was particularly more conservative in terms of type I error rate. It was discovered that the Student-t test had higher power values than the Mann-Whitney U test, mainly when only a small sample size of observations was used for the analysis. This simulation study indicated that Welch's t - test is robust for preserving type I error rate when the distribution is normal. Therefore, in practice, the use of Welch t-test is recommended based on the findings of this study. One of the recommendations of this study is that the tests in question should also be evaluated in cases where observations have different distributions.


The present invention includes at least one clamping spring (2) and the bus bar 9 to be bent in a loop shape, and relates to a spring-loaded type connector (1). A clamping spring (2) is provided with a bus bar (9) the contact rimbeu 6, contact rimbeu adjacent the spring curved portion (5), and the spring curved portion (5) adjacent to the (6) and the free clamping end 4 batchineun the It has a clamping rimbeu (3) facing in the direction of the bus bar (9). Rimbeu contact (6) has at least one groove (12).