Background Plasmodium vivax is a neglected human malaria parasite that causes significant morbidity in the Americas, the Middle East, Asia, and the Western Pacific. Population genomic approaches remain little explored to map local and regional transmission pathways of P. vivax across the main endemic sites in the Americas, where great progress has been made towards malaria elimination over the past decades. Methodology/Principal findings We analyze 38 patient-derived P. vivax genome sequences from Mâncio Lima (ML)–the Amazonian malaria hotspot next to the Brazil-Peru border—and 24 sequences from two other sites in Acre State, Brazil, a country that contributes 23% of malaria cases in the Americas. We show that the P. vivax population of ML is genetically diverse (π = 4.7 × 10−4), with a high polymorphism particularly in genes encoding proteins putatively involved in red blood cell invasion. Paradoxically, however, parasites display strong genome-wide linkage disequilibrium, being fragmented into discrete lineages that are remarkably stable across time and space, with only occasional recombination between them. Using identity-by-descent approaches, we identified a large cluster of closely related sequences that comprises 16 of 38 genomes sampled in ML over 26 months. Importantly, we found significant ancestry sharing between parasites at a large geographic distance, consistent with substantial gene flow between regional P. vivax populations. Conclusions/Significance We have characterized the sustained expansion of highly inbred P. vivax lineages in a malaria hotspot that can seed regional transmission. Potential source populations in hotspots represent a priority target for malaria elimination in the Amazon.


In this issue of Blood, Vaisitti et al1 demonstrate that the receptor tyrosine kinase–like orphan receptor 1 (ROR1), which is expressed on the cells of various hematological malignancies and solid tumors, but not on normal adult tissues, is a potential therapeutic target for treatment of Richter transformation. Using a xenograft mouse model, they showed a significant therapeutic effect using the ROR1-directed antibody drug conjugate (ADC) VLS-101 (see figure).


This paper presents an analysis of the thermal performance experienced by dielectric materials inside power transformers. In this case the materials studied were mineral oil, vegetable ester and kraft paper. Two basic issues on the performance of insulation systems are their cooling capacity and their degradation rate. Thus two research lines have been considered: the first one is based on the assessment of the temperature and velocity distributions of the oil in the transformer's cooling channels, being the second aim the measurement of the degree of polymerization of the dielectric paper, a key parameter that is used to estimate the remaining life of power transformers. The first objective was approached by CFD simulations of real transformer geometries. For the second goal, a thermal aging experiment has been implemented in the laboratory. These two perspectives are closely related since high temperature accelerates aging of the dielectric system of these machines.


Investigation of the single plant source bee glue type originating from Southern Australia resulted in the isolation and structure elucidation of major serrulatane diterpenes, novel 7,8,18-trihydroxyserrulat-14-ene (1), along with its oxidized product, 5,18-epoxyserrulat-14-en-7,8-dione (3) and known (18RS)-5,18-epoxyserrulat-14-en-8,18-diol (2). Exploration into the botanical origin revealed Myoporum insulare R. Br, as the plant source of the bee glue materials. This discovery was made through comparative analysis of the myoporum bee glue samples collected from the beehives, analyses of plant resinous exudate, and resin carried on the hind legs of bees foraging for bee glue.


This paper is aimed to address why increasing share as well as the number of smallscale family forest owners using economic theory as well as the data. We examined the statelevel structure of the size of family forest holdings in the conterminous United States based on data collected by the USDA Forest Service, National Woodland Owner Survey in 1993 and 2003, and using seemingly unrelated regression.


The author analyses the current problems of campus network, make a research about the construction of university campus network, through the resource integration of campus network, and then introduce a information interaction model based on private cloud computing information interaction model, which includes the layer of user, layer of service and layer of resource. It can make the user to visit the mass information through on access internet, and enjoy fastest, highest quality information transmission service anytime and anywhere.


A 24‐year‐old female presented with sepsis and cardiogenic shock 4 days after vaginal delivery. Veno‐arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VA ECMO) therapy was used for cardiovascular support as a bridge for recovery. The use of VA ECMO in patients with cardiogenic shock secondary to sepsis is reviewed.


Among the most fascinating mysteries of life is the interaction between
biological systems and the earth's magnetic field. Although
earth's magnetism may have an under appreciated role in
biological interpretations, it has been most extensively studied in the
processes of avian orientation and migration. Many species of bird are
known to have behavioral responses to the earth's and artificial
magnetic fields. These responses may be mediated by a number of
potential magneto-biochemical processes. The two most commonly
investigated include a magnetosensitive magnetite rich region in the
upper beak area and a photo/magnetoreception process in the eyes of
various bird species. In addition to external magnetic stimuli, recent
findings in visually restricted birds have described a hemispherically
lateralized interpretation of this information within the brain. Even
with these findings, a considerable amount of work is needed to clarify
what information is processed and how it is used to create the
bird's magnetic compass. This review focuses these recently
published findings as a means to assess this intriguing phenomenon.


The equivalent of electricity has recently been used to replace all the wear-prone moving mechanical components that produce faults. The electronic unit that substitutes the mechanical commutation unit in Brushless Direct Current (BLDC) motors improves dynamic properties, noise level, and efficiency. This work describes a method for estimating the BLDC machine's rotor speed and position by using Extended Kalman Filter (EKF) and Particle Filter (PF). The BLDC is a non-linear system with nonlinear measurements. To perform the EKF, Jacobian linearization of the motor model and the observation are needed. Linearization leads to a decrease in the accuracy of filter estimation. In PF, the relative likelihood of each particle is computed according to the measurements. Resampling gives set particles are distributed according to power density function (pdf). Then the PF can compute any desired statistical measure of this pdf. A sensorless drive has an accurate good throughout a wide speed range and with varied load torque, according to the simulation's results. The results show that the velocity inaccuracy rate at PF is approximately 0.01% and that at EKF it is approximately 1%. According to the findings, the PF outperformed the EKF in a comparison between them.


Abstract: The recently identified 17‐amino acid peptide nociceptin (orphanin FQ) is the endogenous ligand for the opioid receptor‐like‐1 (ORL‐1) receptor. A physiologic role for nociceptin (OFQ) activation of the ORL‐1 receptor (OFQR) may be to modulate opioid‐induced analgesia. The molecular mechanism by which nociceptin (OFQ) and ORL‐1 (OFQR) modify opioid‐stimulated effects, however, is unclear. Both ORL‐1 (OFQR) and opioid receptors mediate pertussis toxin (PTX)‐sensitive signal transduction, indicating these receptors are capable of coupling to Gi/Go proteins. This study determines that nociceptin stimulates an intracellular signaling pathway, leading to activation of mitogen‐activated protein (MAP) kinase in CHO cells expressing ORL‐1 receptor (OFQR). Nociceptin (OFQ)‐stimulated MAP kinase activation was inhibited by PTX or by expression of the carboxyl terminus of β‐adrenergic receptor kinase (βARKct), which specifically blocks Gβγ‐mediated signaling. Expression of the proline‐rich domain of SOS (SOS‐PRO), which inhibits SOS interaction with p21ras, also attenuated nociceptin (OFQ)‐stimulated MAP kinase activation. The phosphatidylinositol 3‐kinase (PI‐3K) inhibitors wortmannin and LY294002 reduced nociceptin (OFQ)‐stimulated MAP kinase activation, whereas inhibition of protein kinase C (PKC) activity by bisindolylmaleimide I or cellular depletion of PKC had no effect. In a similar manner, in cells expressing μ‐opioid receptor, [d‐Ala2,N‐Me‐Phe4,Gly‐ol]‐enkephalin (DAMGO; a μ‐opioid receptor‐selective agonist) stimulated PTX‐sensitive MAP kinase activation that was inhibited by wortmannin, LY294002, βARKct expression, or SOS‐PRO expression but not affected by inhibition of PKC activity. These results indicate that both ORL‐1 (OFQR) and μ‐opioid receptors mediate MAP kinase activation via a signaling pathway using the βγ‐subunit of Gi, a PI‐3K, and SOS, independent of PKC activity. In cells expressing both ORL‐1 (OFQR) and μ‐opioid receptors, pretreatment with nociceptin decreased subsequent nociceptin (OFQ)‐ or DAMGO‐stimulated MAP kinase activation. In contrast, pretreatment of cells with DAMGO decreased subsequent DAMGO‐stimulated MAP kinase but had no effect on subsequent nociceptin (OFQ)‐stimulated MAP kinase activation. These results demonstrate that nociceptin (OFQ) activation of ORL‐1 (OFQR) can modulate μ‐opioid receptor signaling in a cellular system.


The research aims to investigate the dynamics among rural banks' capital, macroeconomic variables and microconomic variables. Macroeoconomic variable consists of infllation and interest. Microeconomic variables consist of loan to deposi ratio, nonperforming loans, and return on assets. The data are excerpted from OJK and BI's website. The data are monthly data extending from January 2010 until May 2021. The testing method used is vector error correction model (VECM). The results show that rural banks' capital is significantly affected the previous state of capital and profitability. This indicates the importance of sustainability of capital in rural banks and how it is very much dependent upon the profitability of the rural banks. Further, the research results show that there ar two cointegrating functions in the model. Both cointegration functions are influential to inflation. The speed adjustment derived from the residuals of capital function is 0.6754% and 13.5669% for residual from inflation function itself. The slow adjustment process is due to the small market share and assets of rural banking sector. In addition, capital, nonperforming loans, and return on assets are pivotal for central bank monetary policy to control inflation.


[Objective] The study was to provide theoretical basis for the popularization and application of the AFS method to rapidly determine the trace element in the tea.[Method] 1.00 g mashed powder of some kinds of teas was accurately taken,and they were pretreatment with 10 ml mixed acid(HNO3-HClO4),the teas were digested with 2 different digestion methods of electric hot plate heating and oven-heating,the harmful elements arsenic and mercury,and the beneficial elements selenium were detected at the same time with the method of continual flow injection-hydride generation atomic absorption fluorescence spectroscopy(AFS).The dispel conditions of digestion temperature,digestion reagent dosage,digestion programming and digestion time etc.1 were optimized.[Result] The proper amount of standard solution of mercury,arsenic and selenium were added in test sample,and they were detected according to the whole process of sample determination.The recovery of arsenic was 113.3%,the recovery of mercury was 115.0%,and the recovery of selenium was 92.5%.[Conclusion] The method of AFS could meet the needs of detecting many kinds of trace element such as mercury,arsenic and selenium etc.in the tea,and it had higher the detecting precision and detecting accuracy. The method was rapid,simple and helpful to be generalized.


Plants are relatively neglected in school science education in comparison with animals. This is demonstrated in school textbooks and in the attitudes of pupils. It may be related to the educational background of biology teachers. The fact that plants form a significant part of our surroundings and of our food suggests that they should be included in the syllabus as part of general education. In science education some concepts are given different perspectives through studies of plants or of animals. The importance of plant studies in relation to economic needs of society and the educational needs of future scientists are also considered. The attitudes of pupils to the study of plants leads to consideration of some aspects of practical teaching and the need for resources. Possibilities are illustrated from published ideas for methods to be used in teaching about plants. This discussion illustrates some broader issues including the factors which influence the selection of topics which may be included in a sy...


A preliminary summary of health physics problems is presented. Personnel monitoring is effected by means of Eastman NTA nuclear track films. A major hazard is posed by beams brought out through the shielding. Comments are made concerning dosimetry problems. (R.J.S.)


For the reuse of the large amount of lignite-derived water as power plant's circulating cooling water,the quality of lignite-derived water was analyzed based on the lignite sample taken from Baori,Inner Mongolia.The two influence factors of DO and temperature were dynamically simulated through the process of A2/O,the treatment effects of four different diameters lignite(0.50-1.25,1.25-2.00,2.00-3.00mm and mixed size)were tested through the process of UBAF,and the lignite-derived water was treated by the combined process of 'A2/O+UBAF'.After the treatment,the results show that the property parameters of lignite-derived water such as turbidity,BOD5,CODCr,Mn and NH3-N are in breach of the reuse limits for power plant's circulating cooling water,and the quality of lignite-derived water treated by the combined process of'A2/O+UBAF'can meet the reuse limit for power plant's circulating cooling water in China,which achieves the reuse of water resources.


Determination of facial landmarks is an essential process in facial measurement. In this investigation, this process, usually performed by hand, was accomplished automatically using a computer program in which landmarks were re-defined in a form allowing for computer analysis.Further more, the stability and reliability of this method were compared with the manual technique. Data for a three-dimensional wire frame model, obtained from facial plaster models by 1 mm mesh automatic measuring by a contact-type, high accuracy, three dimensional measuring system, were sent to a personal computer.The landmarks were then determined by a computer program which was written in "BASIC", The results demonstrated that the landmarks can be obtained automatically except for a few special conditions. The standard deviations of almost all landmarks obtained by this automatic method were within 0.3-0.5 mm. In contrast, the corresponding values obtained manually were within 2-3 mm. Consequently, the usefulness of this method was demonstrated.


Method After the wound toilet is complete a fine Kirschner wire is inserted obliquely across the back of the radial border of the second metacarpal, about an inch proximal to the head of the bone. A second wire is put through the subcutaneous border of the ulna 3 in. distal to the tip of the olecranon. A large stirrup is attached to each of these wires. An assistant now holds the arm suspended by the distal stirrup; the elbow is left at a right-angle. The proximal stirrup is allowed to hang down behind the olecranon. The weight of the arm, so suspended, is enough to produce full length, thouigh alignment and rotations will need to be adjusted. While the arm is still held suspended the stirrups are connected together. by two plaster ropes, each made of three 6-in. cellona bandages. Further adjustment of the fracture may be made while the ropes are drying. These ropes are parallel


Article Type Original Research Authors Neda Baseri MSc1 ,2 ,3* Gita Eslami, PhD1 Zohreh Ghalavand, PhD1 Hanieh Zham, PhD4 Eznollah Azargashb, PhD5 How to cite this article Baseri N., Eslami G., Ghalavand Z., Zham H., Azargashb E.Association between Chlamydia trachomatis Infection and Prostate Cancer: A Case-Control Study. Infection Epidemiology and Microbiology. 2021;7(4): 319-326 1 Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran 2 Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Research Center for Emerging and Reemerging infectious diseases, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran 3 National Reference laboratory for Plague, Tularemia and Q fever, Research Center for Emerging and Reemerging infectious diseases, Pasture Institute of Iran, Akanlu, Kabudar Ahang, Hamadan, Iran 4 Cancer research center, Shohada-e Tajrishh Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran 5 Department of community Medicine and Heaith, school of medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran * Correspondence Address: Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran firstname.lastname@example.com Article History Received: October 05 2021 Accepted: August 17 ,2021 Published: November 25 ,2021 Background: Evidence indicating the association of cancers and chronic inflammations is increasing. The importance of urinary tract and sexually transmitted infections (UTIs and STIs) in the development of prostate cancer is still unclear. Chlamydia trachomatis (C. trachomatis) is one of the most important causes of UTIs and STIs. Here, a case-control study was performed on the Iranian population to assess the association between C. trachomatis and prostate cancer (PC). Materials & Methods: Paraffin-embedded prostate tissue specimens collected from 62 PC and 62 PBH (benign prostate hyperplasia) (as controls) patients were screened to detect C. trachomatis 16srRNA gene using nested polymerase chain reaction (nested PCR) method. A p-value < .05 was interpreted as a remarkable difference using SPSS statistical software Ver. 16. Findings: There was a significant difference regarding the prevalence of C. trachomatis (p < .001; OR=10.07; 95% CI [2.81-36.001]) between the PC (33.87%) and BPH (4.84%) samples. Furthermore, prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels were statistically higher (p< .05) in C. trachomatis-positive patients than in patients with negative C. trachomatis. Conclusion: It could be concluded that patients with a history of C. trachomatis infections are more likely to develope PC. Therefore, early diagnosis and treatment of C. trachomatis infection may help the prevention of PC. Moreover, nested PCR is a suitable method for C. trachomatis detection in paraffin-embedded prostate tissue specimens. Copyright© 2021, TMU Press. This open-access article is published under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License which permits Share (copy and redistribute the material in any medium or format) and Adapt (remix, transform, and build upon the material) under the Attribution-NonCommercial terms. 10.52547/iem.7.4.319


Abstract Laboratory studies on dogs and rabbits treated with methylglucamine and glucophylline revealed: 1.1. Growth of immature rabbits is not disturbed. These animals made increases in size and weight commensurate with normal controls. 2.2. The dogs, treated and controls, all lost weight—a condition due probably to food and housing restraint. 3.3. Histologic study of brain, heart, lung, spleen, kidney, and liver of both dogs and rabbits showed no harmful effects that might be attributed to the drug. 4.4. Significant figures setting forth results are appropriately tabulated.


In a panel survey, representatives of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) have stated that Talent Management in SMEs should be improved. After evaluating the available literature, this statement is not surprising, as Talent Management mapped in the organization poses challenges for SMEs. An essential aspect in this context is the limitation of available resources. This article aims to theoretically develop a resource-saving way for preparing a potential successor (manage a talent) for his or her role as a future entrepreneur in SMEs. To achieve this, eleven entrepreneurs derived from the distribution of economic sectors were interviewed. The answers were then evaluated with the help of qualitative content analysis. It was found that the results gained in the interviews confirm the findings from the literature. The fight for employees and the fight for talent has also arrived in SMEs, whereby a differentiation between employees and talents in an exclusive talent management approach (keyword: elite education) did not play a role in the considerations of the interview partners. The participants agree that one must take care of ones' staff and ones' talents as a company. Every company has established the existing Human Resources (HR) Management so that the company can work. A deeper examination of HR Management topics in general or in-house Talent Management was largely rudimentary. Most participants are open to business cooperation. An essential factor that would prevent business cooperation is the competition problem and the risk of being worse off. At least one advocate could be found for each basic orientation of the business cooperation developed in the article. The approach of establishing cooperation along the value chain was the most well-received. Even if the results are consistent with the findings from the literature, it is crucial that these research results are based on a small database. Theoretically, several possible strategic orientations for business cooperation could be developed, which have not yet been listed in the overview of cooperation characteristics. Whether these theoretical considerations prove themselves in practice would have to be examined in more detail.
The article is suitable for companies who

do not have HR- specialists,
want to get a quick overview of the topic of Talent Management,
seek an approach on how to assess companies according to the factor competition to prepare business cooperation,
seek an approach to thinking through a resource-saving development of their talents across companies.


Mesenchymal stem cells(MSC) are non-hematopoietic stem cells with the capacity to differentiate into tissues of both mesenchymal and non-mesenchymal origin.These cells have the potential to alter disease pathophysiology through various mesenchymal including to secrete cytokine,to differentiate along various lineages,to modulate direct cell-cell interaction.The stem cells'clinical value as the seed cell of cell engineering is recognized with tremendous interest.These cells are used to cure diseases of immune system and degenerative diseases.To comprehend the basic features of MSC,We summarize some of the studies in vivo and clinical evidence related with thetherapeutic roles of MSC.

Key words:
Mesenchymal stem cells; Cell-protection; Cell engineering; Degenerative diseaseorigin


This paper proposes a precise metric of the occurrence of gate logical faults due to manufacturing inaccuracy of the weight and threshold values in threshold logic gates for effective and efficient testing. Based on probability density functions of the values of the manufactured weights and threshold, the probability of gate logical fault occurrence is calculated and used as the metric. The metric indicates the importance of the corresponding gate input pattern in testing of the threshold logic gate, and will be utilized for effective and efficient testing. We compare our proposed metric with a simple metric.


Advances a technology in most of the equipment will not be separated with use of the motor. There are various type of motors today, one of which is a motor Brushless Direct Current (BLDC) which has many advantages than other types. In this research will be made Protection System Flow Electric Car Based of microcontroller ATmega16, so if there are over current to the motor, it will protect the current system on the BLDC motor. Verification of the control system using a 12 V battery, microcontroller ATMega 16, 500W BLDC motor and current censor. Overall the working principle of this instrument, when the current flowing in the motor exceeds 4 A, then the motor will trip. And to start the motor rotating back, the control circuit must be reset. Large current flowing in the motor, depending on the PWM input is given, the greater the value of the PWM is given, then the current flowing in the motor, the greater. The greater the current flowing in the motor, the motor speed is getting faster.


Korteweg de Vries Burgers equation for negative ion degenerate dissipative plasma has been derived using reductive perturbation technique. The quantum hydrodynamic model is used to study the quantum ion acoustic shock waves. The effects of different parameters on quantum ion acoustic shock waves are studied. It is found that quantum parameter, electrons Fermi temperature, temperature of positive and negative ions, mass ratio of positive to negative ions, viscosity, and density ratio have significant impact on the shock wave structure in negative ion degenerate plasma.


Mathematical optimization problems with a goal function, have many applications in various fields like financial sectors, management sciences and economic applications. Therefore, it is very important to have a powerful tool to solve such problems when the main criterion is not linear, particularly fractional, a ratio of two affine functions. In this paper, we propose an exact algorithm for optimizing a linear fractional function over the efficient set of a Multiple Objective Integer Linear Programming ( MOILP ) problem without having to enumerate all the efficient solutions. We iteratively add some constraints, that eliminate the undesirable (not interested) points and reduce, progressively, the admissible region. At each iteration, the solution is being evaluated at the reduced gradient cost vector and a new direction that improves the objective function is then defined. The algorithm was coded in MATLAB environment and tested over different instances randomly generated.


A high ratio, positive dlsplacsment, transverse flow, lobed rotor recircwl~ting compressor is described herein. The d~sig~ Features ~n integral downstream heat ~xohangs~ and integral recirculation ducts that convey cooled discharge-pressure fluid back to interrnediat~ port~. The physical arrangement provides continuous recirculation flow back into the displacement cavitiea without concurrent communication with ~ither discharge or inlet ports. Such aommunicction is prevented by Favorable geom~try, including the use or 4-lobed or 5-lobed rotors. Throwgh optimized recirculation Flow and minimlzed adisbBtio compression, perFormance capability For this type oF compressor is greatly expanded. Limitations associated with working fluid temperature rise and thermal distortion are removed. Reducsd internal rotor clesrances result in high volumetric efficiency.


In this research essay, the author argues a psychoanalytic interpretation of Christopher Nolan's film Inception: that it is impossible to know the real world.  Furthermore, that uncanny experiences serve as reminder of the real world, but that we need to forget the real world and accept our perceived reality in order to continue functioning.  The train, the open window, Mal and even the children are presented as elements of the uncanny.


Background. CRPS/RSD still offers more questions then answers. The initial events and pathophysiology are unknown, the treatment is unsuccessful and the results are poor. The authors have transmitted their experiences with continuous sensory analgesia of brachial plexus in the treatment of heavy injured hands to the treatment of CRPS. Efficient analgesia, control of vegetative nerve system and painless exercises are of outmost importance in the treatment of CRPS. Patients and methods. From 1996 to 1998 we have used continuous sensory analgesia in the treatment of 8 patients with CRPS of the upper extremity. All of them were treated few months after injury. Results. Two to four years after treatment six of eight have been ranged as good result (only temporary pain judged on subjective pain scale as 2; ROM of wrist higher than 50% of normal, lack of 30 ° of ROM of fingers; hand and key grip greater than 50% of normal hand).


Refractivity is a significant challenge of radio signal propagation. As it often distorts or leads to loss of signals. The seasonal and latitudinal variations of surface refractivity at three Nigerian tropospheric Observatory stations in Nigeria, namely Port-Harcourt, Lagos, and Makurdi, are presented in this paper. Values of monthly averages of pressure, temperature, relative humidity, and water vapour from the stations were used to compute surface refractivity at each station. The results show that the values of surface refractivity increase from the arid region in the north to the coastal area in the south. There was an increase in the values of surface radio refractivity from the minimum value of about 332.83 N-units at Makurdi station to a maximum value of 386.69 N-units at Lagos station. Seasonal variations are seen to be caused by weather conditions. The values of the surface refractivity increased significantly in the wet season and reduced in the dry season. It also shows that the values of surface radio refractivity are affected by the meteorological components mentioned above. The result of this study is needed for effective planning of good signal reception in these stations.


In this paper, the influence on the multiaxial fatigue damage accumulation caused by loading path variation was studied. For 2024-T4 aluminium alloy, the damage evolution during the entire life was first observed. On the basis of the observation, the stage I of fatigue damage evolution was further divided into two sub-stages, and the dominant stress parameters of these two sub-stages were proposed. Taking the dominant stress parameters into account, a phased accumulative fatigue damage model was proposed. Then, 12 multiaxial two-stage step spectra constructed by loadings with approximately identical fatigue lives were carried out on 2024-T4 aluminium alloy. The accumulative fatigue damage was calculated by the proposed model, and another five commonly used models and the calculated results were compared. According to the comparison, the newly proposed model had the most accurate results with the smallest scatter.


For outsiders the abbreviation PAMARCMIP is quite inscrutable and stands for 'Polar Airborne Measurements and Arctic Regional Climate Model Simulation Project'. Aim of the project is to get a better understanding of physical processes in the inner Arctic which is crucial for the assessment of the actual changes in the polar region. One example is to reduce uncertainties in regional and global model simulations which are important for future weather and climate prediction. Further important work during the flights with Polar 5 will be extended measurement of sea ice thickness as well as to provide unique data of aerosol, trace gases distributions, meteorological and atmospheric conditions. The flights are planned to start from Barrow, Alaska via Inuvik, Sachs Harbour, Resolute Bay, Eureka, Alert and Station North to end in Longyearbyen, Spitsbergen. The details you can look up on the graphic beside.Particularly the thickness of the sea ice will be of high interest during the expedition, with good cause. Over the last 30 years, the extent of summer sea ice has declined at a rate of 11.2% per decade. Sea ice extent plummeted to a record minimum in 2007. As the sea ice thickness and its extension, respectively minimization, are linked to each other, the data which are expected from the measurements hopefully improve the modeling and forecasts.Warning! All files are very big. Do not open with your browser, use right click to save file to disk.Find further documention of calibration routines at hdl:10013/calibration.1000


The role played by individual citizens as consumers of energy was examined, with emphasis on studying ways in which their action could result in energy conservation. It was shown that there are ways that energy can be conserved in this way, with citizens acting either individually or in groups. The potential savings are significant, but the actual savings may be quite small. The citizens need to be motivated to save and to believe in a conservation ethic; developing such an ethic is difficult, and perhaps not responsive to the shotgun approach now being attempted. The true course of action may be to synthesize new societal structures that provide the maximum evolution of culture within the limitation of scarce energy resources.


A schematic hypersonic configuration, Greta, has been designed for the study of control surface aerodynamics. The Greta configuration has a slender conical body and a strongly swept double-delta wing with flaps in the rear end. Greta has been studied in wind tunnel experiments at Mach 4 and 7 and by corresponding computations which are the focus of the current paper. The wind tunnel cases at Mach 4, I O " angle of attack, Reynolds number 17.106 and three different flap deflections have been reference cases. Laminar and turbulent flow fields over Greta have been computed with the same conditions as in the wind tunnel. Turbulence has been modelled by the algebraic Baldwin-Lomax model and the two-equation k E model. The flow field over Greta at this angle of attack is dominated by a bow shock on the windward side and ii strong primary vortex on the leeward side induced by separation along the leading edge. The flow separates over the flaps for both neutral and downward deflected flaps and the separation is strongly three-dimensional. Integrated forces as well as skin friction lines froin the computations compare well to experiments. I . INTRODUCTION FFA participates in a Hypersonics Technology Programme to develop the technologies for a two-stage to orbit vehicle, the Sanger concept. The lower stage of Singer is a long and slender configuration with the control surfaces located in the rear end of the vehicle. Typically for this kind of configuration, especially while klying at high altitudes, thick turbulent boundary layers develop towards the rear part of the vehicle. This will have strong influence on drag, heat loads, efficiency of the control surfaces arid the aerodynamic stability. 'Thick boundary layers will also have influence on the propulsion system. The aerodyriamic program at FFA started 1991 and consists of experimental and numerical studies of aerodynamic stability and flap aerodynamics as well as experimental and theoretical studies of turbulent transition. A schematic wind tunnel model, named Greta, has been constructed with the purpose to provide experimental data to analyse flap aerodynamics and to verify CFD too ls and methodologies. The aim is to study aerodynamic stability and efficiency of the mitrn l surfaces. The typical slender Configuration has a conicalcylindrical body with a strongly swept double-delta wing with a flap in the rear end. 2. GOVERNING EQUATIONS 2. I It is generally accepted that high speed flow phenomena can be described by the compressible Navier-Stokes equations, that is conservation of mass, momentum and energy. It is however not possible with a reasonable computer effort to simulate the unsteady turbulent flow with all turbulent scales resolved for a general flow situation, hence the fluctuating part has to be averaged and modelled. The classical way to decompose a variable into a constant and a fluctuating part is the Reynolds decomposition where the variable q = 4 + q' is split into a time average and the fluctuating part q' where T= 0. A favourable decomposition for compressible flow is a variable q = ; + q" is split into a mass weighted time average y and the fluctuating part q" where ;;" # 0. The 3D unsteady compressible Navier-Stokes equations ciln after Favre averaging be expressed in conservative form as The time averared Navier-Stokes euuations mass weighted averaging according to Favre where the L where the state vector is given by The convective fluxes are defined as


the article is devoted to the perception of terrorism in modern society and the influence of mass media on the process of perception.


In this paper some examples proposed by the philosopher Luigi Barbera (1829-1904) in the treatise Lezioni di logica inventiva (Pisa, 1866) are examined. From the educational point of view, these examples can be discussed in order to underline the importance of the heuristic research and of the proof, both in mathematics and in classroom practice.


Abstract : This briefing discusses MCOTEA's mission and scope, the USMC's high interest programs, cyber threat and network centric warfare, information assurance and joint interoperability.


1. A method of operating a nuclear reactor (1) with water under pressure comprising a core (2), which contains the nuclear fuel assembly containing nuclear fuel rods (24), comprising the steps of operation of a nuclear reactor (1) for successive cycles separated phases replacement of spent nuclear fuel assemblies fresh nuclear fuel assemblies, the method comprising: - a reactor (1) is operated for at least one cycle of the equilibrium concentration of plutonium in the course of which the active zone (2) comprises a venom but the fuel assembly (16F) to the equilibrium concentration of plutonium containing before irradiation of nuclear fuel rods (24) solely based on mixed uranium oxide and plutonium and for each nuclear fuel assembly (16F) to the equilibrium concentration of plutonium nuclear fuel rods ( 24) are of the same isotopic composition of the fuel and the same nominal mass content general plutonium zatem- reactor (1) is operated during the intermediate cycles, wherein at least some of the nuclear fuel assembly (16F) with ravnove waist plutonium concentrations gradually replaced by replacement stages preceding intermediate cycles - zoned intermediate nuclear fuel assemblies (16G), each of which comprises: - a central zone (80), which are nuclear fuel rods (24), comprising before irradiation uranium oxide, but not containing any amounts of plutonium oxide u peripheral zone (81) disposed along the outer faces of the zoned nuclear fuel assembly (16G), and this peripheral zone (81) prior to irradiation only contains


View of the Research Facility (demolished 2007), view within the stair tower; Gehry designed two buildings in the Rockwell Engineering plaza, including the auditorium. The other building, the Research Facility, which was shared by two programs (the Henry Samueli School of Engineering and the Donald Bren School of Information and Computer Sciences) was demolished in 2007. Reasons cited were roof leaks and need for more space. The auditorium is still extant. Both buildings had won design awards and were noted for the use of ordinary materials in extraordinary ways. Source: Today@UCI; http://today.uci.edu/news (accessed 12/30/2007)


Background: Geriatric acetabular fractures are becoming increasingly common. Surgeons must balance the long-term benefits of surgery with the risk of postoperative complications. Several risk stratification models have been adapted to assist surgeons with this decision-making. We compared the accuracy of the Elixhauser Comorbidity Measure (ECM), the Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI), and the Combined Comorbidity Score (CCS) for predicting adverse events and postoperative discharge destination after surgical treatment of geriatric patients with acetabular fractures. Methods: A search of the National Inpatient Sample for patients over the age of 65 yr who had fixation of an acetabular fracture between 2002 and 2014 was undertaken. Logistic regression models of basic demographic variables and the ECM, CCI, or the CCS were used to predict inpatient mortality, complications, extended length of stay, and discharge disposition. The predictive discrimination of each model was evaluated using the C-statistic. Results: A total of 2,497 patients were identified. The model using demographic variables and the CCS outperformed the corresponding ECM and CCI models, with an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.829 for mortality (compared to 0.791 and 0.689, respectively), 0.791 for cardiac complications (compared to 0.694 and 0.704, respectively), 0.789 for renal complications (compared to 0.787 and 0.683, respectively), and 0.760 for pulmonary complications (compared to 0.750 and 0.662, respectively). Conclusions: The CCS was the best predictive model for assessing postoperative complications, followed by the ECM then CCI. Our results may assist in preoperative decision-making for geriatric patients with acetabular fractures. Level of Evidence: Level III.


B. LIBROVA, The fox in the cubiculum taxi: modifications of an exemplum and the
symbolism of the badger.
The present paper is intended as a contribution to the analysis of the symbolical
values of the badger in medieval literature. It examines the modifications that an
animal exemplum goes through in various genres. The badger is not conspicuous in
literature, yet its significance lies in its relationship with divine symbolism, especially
in the story of the lair taken over by the devil-fox. The drama, which fits zoological
facts, is treated differently in different genres. Encyclopedias refer to specific
zoological facts. Preachers turn it into an exemplum, though innovative features are
not necessarily excluded. In a French school book and in Petite Philosophie the badger's
appearance boils down to a few brief phrases, to images that seem to go back to
empirical observation. Another aspect of the same reality appears through the
patterns formed by characters in Roman de Renart. The confusion with the marmot that
derived from a misreading of Pliny and from paronymic habits shows how easily the
symbolic significance attached to an animal can be shifted to another. The
indeterminacy of the badger's senefiances is confirmed by the negative connotations
attached to it outside this exemplum, which in turn shed light on other aspects typical
of the way it was perceived through history.


[1] Dominant scale of tropical boreal summer intraseasonal oscillations (BSISOs) being in the range of wave numbers 1–4, dynamical extended range prediction of BSISO is limited by rapid buildup of errors in ultra-long/planetary waves in almost all prediction models. While the initial errors are largely on the small scales, within 3–5 days of forecasts maximum errors appear in the ultra-long waves such as the tropical convergence zone. Spectral decomposition of errors with forecast lead time indicate that the initial error in the small scales is already close to its saturation value at these scales, whereas that in ultra-long waves is about two orders of magnitude smaller than their saturation values. Such an increase of errors in ultra-long waves cannot be explained as growth of initial errors. It is proposed that the fast growth of errors in the planetary waves is due to continuous generation of errors in the small scales (due to inadequacy of the physical parameterizations such as formulation of cumulus clouds) and upscale propagation of these errors through the process of scale interactions. Basic systematic error kinetic energy and the scale interactions in terms of the wave-wave exchanges among nonlinear triads are formulated and the above hypothesis is tested through a diagnostic analysis of the error energetics in two different model predictions at the lower troposphere. It has been revealed that nonlinear triad interactions lead to advection of errors from short and synoptic waves (wave number > 10) to long waves (wave numbers 5–10) and from long waves to ultra-long waves (wave numbers 1–4) and are responsible for the rapid growth of errors in the planetary waves. Unraveling the exact mechanism through which upscale transfer of errors take place may help us in devising a method to inhibit the mingling of small-scale error with the error in prediction of tropical intraseasonal oscillations and improve extended range prediction of the lower tropospheric BSISOs.


Objective To compare the accuracy and sensitivity of Diamed Techno,ORTHO AutoVue Innova,WADiana Grifols,3 kinds of blood type instrument used for automatic cross matching blood test.Methods Random positive samples detected by 1 blood type instruments on cross matching and corresponding positive samples of blood donators were tested by another 2 sets of specimen automatic instruments.Totaling 80 pairs of specimen were detected with classic anti-human globulin cross matching blood test.Analysis of various different instruments of false positives,and statistics methods were compared.Results Three kinds of automatic blood type instruments used for cross matching blood tests had high sensitivity,the false-positive rates were 8.97%,11.25%,10.13% respectively.There was no significant difference(P0.05).Conclusion Three kinds of automatic blood type instruments used in clinical cross matching blood tests are more sensitive,all have some degree of false positive.For weak positive results detected by instrument cross matching,it need classic blood for verification of immunoglobulin.


This work focuses on causes of pathological addictions that appear among elementary school children as well as their possible solutions within the school environment. The initial explanation of the issue is followed by a classification of pathological addictions and a depiction of the types of children that are threatened by this problem. Evaluation of causes of pathologial addictions among children, such as personality, influence of family and family environment, friends, peers and other social relationships, as well as child's use of free time, form the key part of this work. The research is supplemented with an overview of relevant legislature, preventative school activities as well as their structuring and organization. The conclusion offers an attempt at evaluating preventative school activities on the basis of their effectiveness and presents possible means of improvement. The applied part presents results of a questionnaire research seeking to assess children's risk of addiction based on their place of residence, quality of family environment and ways of spending free time.


There may be no adequate reason for grouping limb regeneration and "overt behavior" under the same heading, but the candid reason for it is that both these studies were pursued simultaneously. The following rationalization came as an afterthought. It appears to me that chemical agents that have aflinities to specific developmental differentiations may serve as their markers. By varying the chemical structure of the agents and relating this variation to the change in their effect, an insight can be gained into the chemical nature of the differentiations. The prerequisite for this type of study, however, is that the response to these agents must be easily quantitated or, a t least, it must be plastic. I shall try to show in this paper that such a graded response to chemical agents obtains both in the case of regeneration and of ('overt behavior." I t can be suggested that this wide range of responsiveness can be obtained more easily at a more advanced organizational level than in the early embryo. Thus, the common denominator in the study of regeneration and "overt behavior" by means of their reactions to chemical agents is their wide range of reactivity to these agents. In the case of either of these two phenomena, it is the purpose of this paper to present preliminary attempts to demonstrate steps in differentiation which may not be demonstrable by other means. Indeed, in the case of the "overt behavior," Weiss (1939) suggested that its development may depend on changes undetectable by the current embryological and related methods. An all-or-none response would be less convenient.


Abstract : Based on the principles of constrained layer damping, 'Silent Paint' is a two-layer coating system capable of attenuating noise and vibration over a broad temperature range. The damping undercoat layer is composed primarily of a methacrylic/acrylic semi-compatible inter-penetrating polymer network (IPN) in latex form, with thickeners and preservative added. The constraining overcoat layer is based on a reinforced epoxy resin, and exhibits great stiffness. The total system, exhibiting significant damping behavior from -30 deg C to over + 70 deg C, used in the form of coatings permits easy application on arbitrary substrate configurations. The synthesis of the latex IPN is summarized, and the mechanical and damping behavior of the new coating system is compared to several materials intended for use as noise and vibration damping products.


An approach based on transformation from WordNet to Chinese WordNet is proposed. The system of the Chinese WordNet has been implemented. Some rules for synset's translating and some methods for reconstituting relation between Chinese word form and word meaning are given. The feasibility and relative problems of the Chinese WordNet are discussed. A self-disambiguation algorithm for the transformation of concept nodes is prescribed.


using video-assisted mediastinoscopy, revealing blurred lymph node architecture occupied by multiple confluent granulomas of a similar size, formed of epithelioid-like histiocytes, with no necrosis and the presence of multinucleated giant cells. PAS and ZiehlNeelsen stains were negative. All these findings were consistent with the diagnostic suspicion of stage II sarcoidosis. Psoriasis is one of the most common systemic inflammatory diseases. It is characterized by increased immune system activity, mainly derived from activation of the Th1 and Th17 lymphocytes. Sarcoidosis is a chronic disease characterized by the formation of non-caseifying epithelioid granulomas, most commonly in the lungs, skin and eyes. Although the etiology is still partly unknown, we know that the immunological basis of the disease consists of an accumulation of CD4 T cells in the inflammation sites, which interact with macrophages, causing an imbalance in favor of a Th1 cytokine profile, which finally triggers the granulomatous inflammatory process.1 The role of the Th17 lymphocytes in the formation of sarcoid granulomas has also been established, as has their importance in the alveolitis phase and in progression to the fibrotic stage of the disease.1 Very few cases of concomitant psoriasis and sarcoidosis have been reported,2–4 although recently a greater risk of presenting sarcoidosis has been observed in psoriasis patients compared to the general population, an association that moreover is severitydependent.5 These data all go to support the hypothesis of a shared pathogenic pathway, although studies are needed to elucidate the possible role of other factors, such as the sarcoid disease phenotype, a possible paradoxical effect of treatment of the psoriasis itself (a phenomenon described with anti-TNF antibodies6), the importance of environmental factors such as smoking, and the possible clinical, prognostic and therapeutic implications of the combination of both diseases.


The core of product innovation is the design to resolve contradictions or conflicts,how to determine the conflicts and contradictions in the design of innovative design has become one of the key issues.Based on the machinery in the innovative process of product features,through the analysis of the functional and use the characteristics of functional Refinement,a new approach of identify conflict was made,which can determine the existence of conflict and location of it in the product mix.The text give a detailed description to the whole process,and combined with concrete examples of its application process.


. During the Multidisciplinary drifting Observatory for the Study of Arctic Climate (MOSAiC) expedition, meteorological conditions over the lowest 1 km of the atmosphere were sampled with the DataHawk2 (DH2) fixed-wing uncrewed aircraft system (UAS). These in situ observations of the central Arctic atmosphere are some of the most exten-sive to date and provide unique insight into the atmospheric boundary layer (ABL) structure. The ABL is an important component of the Arctic climate, as it can be closely cou-pled to cloud properties, surface fluxes, and the atmospheric radiation budget. The high temporal resolution of the UAS observations allows us to manually identify the ABL height ( Z ABL ) for 65 out of the total 89 flights conducted over the central Arctic Ocean between 23 March and 26 July 2020 by visually analyzing profiles of virtual potential temperature, humidity, and bulk Richardson


This special issue is premised on the idea that cities are being reshaped in myriad ways by neoliberal forms of globalization (Sassen, 2006), and that educational policy process and practices are co-constitutive of this process of urban restructuring, with implications for issues of justice. For the most part these connections are conspicuously absent from educational analyses, with exceptions highlighting the continuity of neoliberal logics across housing policies supporting gentrification, market-friendly managerial forms of urban governance, school 'accountability' regimes centred on high-stakes testing, and the marketization of schooling (e.g. Lipman, 2004). In building on this existing work, the papers in this issue have two key functions. The first is to build on emerging scholarship at the nexus of urban studies, broadly conceived, and education, to demonstrate the deep interconnections between neoliberalism, the city, and education policy. The second is to highlight how this interplay of globalization, neoliberalism, the city, cultural politics, and policy unfolds in a variety of national and geospatial contexts. The contributors document how educational politics of urban contexts in the USA, India, Canada, South Africa and Brazil should be understood as sites in which neoliberal forms of globalization are localized, reproduced, and potentially contested. Also framing this issue is globalization being understood as a set of overarching macro-level processes, characterized by advances in global communications, the new hyper-mobility of capital, and space-time compression (e.g. Harvey, 1989; Held & McGrew, 2005), while concomitantly manifesting as sets of micro processes and practices that can reinforce and challenge the determination of global macro processes (e.g. M.P. Smith, 2001). For example, Sassen (2006) argues that globalization should also be understood in terms of its multiple localizations, or the variety of ways in which globalization both impacts and is impacted by local contexts, particularly in what she calls global cities (Sassen, 2006). Critics of Sassen have in turn broadened her conception of global cities (N. Smith, 2002), arguing that it is not just the financial centres of the Global North, but also the production centres of the South, that emerge as key centres and complex mediators of neoliberal globalization. In various permutations neoliberal globalization is seemingly omnipresent and omnipotent as part of the common sense of a globalized public policy field. This global policy field is characterized by a pervading economistic and individualistic social imaginary of contemporary educational life, and is comprised in policy terms of initiatives that adhere to notions of market efficiency (Rizvi & Lingard, 2010). This has consolidated and reified education as 'central to the production of the requisite human capital needed to achieve the maximum competitiveness within the global economy for individuals and nations alike' (Rizvi & Lingard, 2010, p. 186). The centrality of the market across all aspects of human life (Burchell, 1996) has radically shifted socio-spatial conceptions of citizenship and the individual, and thus the role of schooling. Discourse: Studies in the Cultural Politics of Education Vol. 32, No. 2, May 2011, 165 169


SummaryCut scapes of the four gerbera cvs Campitano, Dino, Sangria and Testarossa were preharvest sprayed and postharvest dipped or injected with 0 (control), 0.5, 1.0, and 1.5% CaCl2. Vase life and bending incidence were determined during storage at 258C. Scape calcium content was determined at the end of vase life. Significant extension of vase life and decrease in bending incidence was observed in blooms of `Campitano', `Dino' and `Testarossa' gerberas injected with 1.0% CaCl2, followed by dipping in 1.0% CaCl2 postharvest compared with the control. `Sangria' gerbera scapes preharvest sprayed with 1.0–1.5% CaCl2 had the longest flower longevity and the lowest bending incidence. Scape calcium concentration of `Campitano', `Sangria' and `Testarossa' increased by 250, 130 and 370%, respectively, compared with the control; calcium treatments resulted in a 3–4 d increase in vase life and a 3-5 d delay in bending incidence relative to the control; treatments with 1.5% CaCl2 considerably increased scape calci...


This paper presents an approach to control a periodic up-and-down yoyo motion with a robot arm which has a parallel link mechanism. For controlling it, an integrated model of the robot arm and the yoyo is developed which describes their mutual interference, and a controller which can compensate energy loss with the yoyo motion is designed based on the integrated model. The effectiveness of the proposed controller is verified through a numerical simulation. Its results show that the robot arm attains the continuous up-and-down yoyo motion and the trajectories of the rotation and the up-and-down motion are periodic. The proposed approach is effective in controlling the periodic up-and-down yoyo motion in conclusion.


AbstractClustering is one of the key drivers for regional development. The existing literature indicates that the knowledge spillovers, facilitated by the mobility of inventors, play a positive role in the development of clusters. The questions remain as to how the patterns of innovator mobility change while clusters go through different stages of their lifecycles. Using patent authorship data, we construct networks of inventors' movements within two different telecom clusters, in New Jersey and Texas. We observe the evolution of inventor mobility networks overtime, and discuss how the changes in properties of inventor networks can be used to predict the changes in economic or social conditions of the clusters over time.


Environmental problems are multidisciplinary in nature. Some problems are global and regional while some are local. This paper is an attempt to study the local environmental problems in India and establish their linkage with environmental degradation and human well-being. It also lists India's major environmental problems and suggests changes in policies for sustainable development in India. The paper particularly focuses on water and water contamination related water-borne diseases which affect human well-being and other health aspects. Due to such hindrances, India is finding it hard to achieve the Millennium Development Goal of environmental sustainability.


This article analyses two different limits to specific performance of contracts: hardship and excessive or unreasonable costs, looking into their conditions, scope of application, and effects, with the aim of outlining their corresponding field of application, intending to solve the current confusions on the subject.


The spatio-temporal distribution of leishmaniasis, a parasitic vector-borne zoonotic disease, is significantly impacted by land-use change and climate warming in the Americas. However, predicting and containing outbreaks is challenging as the zoonotic Leishmania system is highly complex: leishmaniasis (visceral, cutaneous and muco-cutaneous) in humans is caused by up to 14 different Leishmania species, and the parasite is transmitted by dozens of sandfly species and is known to infect almost twice as many wildlife species. Despite the already broad known host range, new hosts are discovered almost annually and Leishmania transmission to humans occurs in absence of a known host. As such, the full range of Leishmania hosts is undetermined, inhibiting the use of ecological interventions to limit pathogen spread and the ability to accurately predicting the impact of global change on disease risk. Here, we employed a machine learning approach to generate trait profiles of known zoonotic Leishmania wildlife hosts (mammals that are naturally exposed and susceptible to infection) and used trait-profiles of known hosts to identify potentially unrecognized hosts. We found that biogeography, phylogenetic distance, and study effort best predicted Leishmania host status. Traits associated with global change, such as agricultural land-cover, urban land-cover, and climate, were among the top predictors of host status. Most notably, our analysis suggested that zoonotic Leishmania hosts are significantly undersampled, as our model predicted just as many unrecognized hosts as unknown hosts. Overall, our analysis facilitates targeted surveillance strategies and improved understanding of the impact of environmental change on local transmission cycles. Author summary Leishmaniasis is a zoonotic, vector borne disease of poverty with a high burden throughout the Americas: within Latin America there are an estimated 58,500 new cases per year and 54,050 years of life lost due to disability. Although the World Health Organization has targeted leishmaniasis for elimination and control by 2030, the disease remains a persistent threat. Across the Americas, particularly in Central America, the southeastern United States, and perimeters of the Amazon Basin, risk of infection is increasing in geographic extent and elevation. While it is known that Leishmania parasites, the causative agent of leishmaniasis, are maintained in the environment via a mammalian host, the full suite of wildlife hosts has yet to be documented, which significantly hinders control efforts. Here, we use machine learning and ecological and evolutionary trait profiles of known hosts to identify unrecognized potential wildlife hosts of Leishmania. We identify 136 mammals in the Americas that are likely to be exposed to and infected by zoonotic Leishmania in the wild. The high number of unrecognized potential hosts emphasizes a need to better invest in studying the ecological epidemiology of leishmaniasis. The study provides information and tools to support targeted intervention and management of this important poverty-associated disease.


In view of the evolution and the extent of the inflation phenomenon, new theories attempt to clarify its causes. The theoretical and empirical discussions haven't delivered any clear conclusion on its origins yet; their opinions differ on certain points because it is imputed to several variables. But globally a consensus becomes apparent on the fact that the growth of the money in circulation shows a further inflation. The main objective of this study is to find the empirical relationship between the growth of the money in circulation and the evolution of the inflation in Algeria, to identify its determinants and finally to draw lessons from the management of the monetary policy.


The implementation of a safety culture in the shipping industry cannot be done without the full commitment of the ports where the ships operate. A major contributory factor in the implementation of such a culture is, besides the enforcement of different type of legislation, the full commitment of people. That is to say, the involvement of the human resources available. In this paper, the new Portuguese policy in ports will be highlighted and the steps that have been taken in the education and training of human resources will be considered.


The purpose of this essay is to investigate the fundamental structure of the rhetoric of compassionate conservatism. We approached this subject in four specific ways: (1) an exposition of the rhetorical contraints informing compassionate conservatism; (2) an investigation into ten rhetorical themes found throughout a variety of high profile speeches from those embracing compassionate conservatism; (3) a comparison of the rhetoric of compassionate conservatism to the principles of traditional conservatism; and (4) a conjecture about the future impact of compassionate conservatism upon the political landscape. We found that the rhetoric of compassionate conservatism draws heavily upon traditional conservative principles; however, it also advances a new rhetorical style which alters those traditional principles for consumption by contemporary American audiences. Dr. Jim A. Kuypers Director of Speech Dartmouth College 6046 Bartlett Hall Hanover, NH 03755 (603) 646-2065 firstname.lastname@example.com America's movement into the twenty-first century has been electrifying. Our nation is dealing with new issues and problems that call forth remarkable words. The political oratory of today has created a new department of Homeland Security, could mend our fragile economy, and has guided us through a recent war. After http://acjournal.org/holdings/vol6/iss4/articles/kuypers.htm (1 of 27) [9/5/2003 10:12:18 AM] ACJ Article: Compassionate Conservatism September 11, 2001, American citizens needed words that were both firm and caring, that stood resolute in the conviction of their orator, while remembering those who were bereaved with tremendous loss. Judging by his surge in popularity, President Bush's words resonated in the souls of our nation's citizens. His language showed him grieving both those lost and those suffering, yet never sacrificing his fundamental belief in justice. His speech tapped into a common rhetorical theme used throughout his candidacy and early presidency: compassionate conservatism. The success of compassionate conservatism as a rhetorical construction has been shaped by the exigency of the recent American circumstance; President Bush's public approval, conversely, has risen largely because of his mastery of the principles of this fascinating rhetorical strategy. To the passing observer, President Bush rose effortlessly to the sobriety and horror of 9-11, while further study demonstrates that the constraints that governed his carefully chosen words were in place well before 9-11. It would seem, therefore, that there is great value in the study of the evolution of compassionate conservative rhetoric. Although many of the principles embedded within the notion of compassionate conservatism have existed since before Edmund Burke penned Reflection on the Revolution in France, the term and its present day connotations did not enter common usage until George W. Bush won reelection as Texas governor in 1998. The idea of compassionate conservatism became the centerpiece of Bush's 2000 presidential campaign; its success as a rhetorical construction comes in part from its ability to provide a way to moderate between the Congressional Republican conservatives and the liberal Clintonian "politics of meaning." David Frum wrote that the "phrase itself is wonderful. [It has broad appeal because] 'it combines the left's favorite adjective with the right's favorite noun' creating an almost irresistible popular appeal." 2 Its unique popular appeal, combined with its emergence in a rather unique historical moment, allowed the notion of compassionate conservatism to develop into a successful rejoinder to the Third Way politics of President Clinton. 3 Following President Clinton's 1992 presidential victory, the Republican party was hard pressed to develop a collective rhetorical narrative that would bridge the gap between traditional conservatives and the socially-liberal swing voters. Following Republican defeats of 1996 and 1998 that highlighted the inability of the party to connect with voters, the rhetoric of compassionate conservatism aimed to broaden popular support and bridge the party divisions that had prevented election success. It then evolved as a response to both the successes and shortcomings of Clinton's presidency and the deeply felt need for a contemporary conservative message in a post-Cold War and post-welfare reform political landscape. Compassionate conservative rhetoric succeeded because it married fundamental moral and religious http://acjournal.org/holdings/vol6/iss4/articles/kuypers.htm (2 of 27) [9/5/2003 10:12:18 AM] ACJ Article: Compassionate Conservatism values with a moderate-sounding social and political agenda assembled upon the successes of the recent legislatures. The successes and failures of the conservative legislature and the Clinton Presidency have framed the political exigencies that face contemporary conservative politicians. 4 The purpose of this study, therefore, is to investigate the rhetorical construction of compassionate conservatism and how its successes have shaped the America of our day. We approach this subject in four specific ways: first, we examine the rhetorical situation encompassing compassionate conservatism; second, we investigate ten rhetorical themes found throughout major speeches of the compassionate conservative movement, with a particular focus on President Bush's oratory; third, we compare the ten rhetorical themes with the principles of traditional conservatism; and finally, we offer a conjecture about the future impact of compassionate conservatism on the political landscape of our nation. The Rhetorical Construction of Compassionate Conservatism Poor Media Image In 1994 the Republican party became the majority party in Congress for the first time in forty years. Acting on the call for action announced with the Contract with America, Republicans undertook the traditionally conservative and very ambitious agenda of reforming and downsizing the government. Proposals for cuts as dramatic as the elimination of the National Endowment for the Humanities and the elimination of entire Cabinet departments and Congressional Caucuses led to the media generated image of Republicans being heartless and cold administrators. Time magazine even caricatured Newt Gingrich as the "Gingrich Who Stole Christmas" on its 19 December 1994 cover, and framed its story in such a way that the Republican proposed spending limits were depicted as intentionally targeting the poor and not the government waste emphasized by the Republicans. Furthermore, the media in general ascribed the success of the Republicans in 1994 to the voting patterns of the now debunked concept of the "angry white male." Congressional Republicans consequently battled this sucessfully created, negative media image for most of the 1990s. 5 A Co-opted Political Agenda The Clinton administration's ability to successfully take political credit for the reform ideas of Congressional Republicans proved to be a thorn in the side of the Republican party. After the 1994 Congressional elections, for example, President Clinton self-consciously defined his "New Democrat" pose as an adoption of conservative positions; for example, the co-opted issue of welfare reform was described as an attempt to reconcile the welfare state with market economics. The http://acjournal.org/holdings/vol6/iss4/articles/kuypers.htm (3 of 27) [9/5/2003 10:12:18 AM] ACJ Article: Compassionate Conservatism practical example of this can be found during the 1996 presidential election when President Clinton finally signed a Republican initiated welfare reform bill that he had twice vetoed. The President's self-proclaimed centrist agenda implied that, for the rest of his presidency, the legislative agenda would be largely initiated by the Republicans in Congress. However, although President Clinton adopted much of the Republican agenda, he still managed to isolate them politically because he was able to successfully draw a sharp distinction between the media generated character and motivations of the Republicans and himself. He painted the Congressional Republicans as hard-hearted and obstructionist, while simultaneously developing a sympathetic sounding rhetoric referred to as the "politics of meaning." 6 The Oprah-ization of America President Clinton's famous statement, "I feel your pain" embodied his rhetorical legacy of caring, sympathy, feelings and emotions. 7 His political mastery rested upon being in touch with a public mood since referred to as the "Oprah-ization" of the American public. The success of this rhetoric based upon emotions and empathy devastated the Republicans who had been characterized as cold and uncaring. President Clinton's mastery of this type of rhetoric provided a lesson to future conservative politicians that policy must be handled with a verbally demonstrated empathy for America's citizens. The State of Social Welfare For several decades conservative commentators have voiced concerns that the modern Welfare State was not helping America's poor, rather it was actually tearing apart the social fabric of the country. This general criticism was two-pronged. First, since the introduction of the welfare programs of the 1960s, American society has experienced both moral and social decline. William J. Bennett and Jack F. Kemp's organization Empower America made a report of the "Leading Cultural Indicators," which mimicked the Leading Economic Indicators. This report argued the moral decline of American society since the 1960s based on the increasingly negative measures of crime, poverty, illegitimacy, and SAT scores, among other social statistics. Second, the modern Welfare State promoted intermediary institutions as more capable providers of welfare. For example, Marvin Olasky published The Tragedy of American Compassion, a book read by many Congressional Republicans. Olasky concluded that the civic institutions that existed prior t


Abstract Despite the widespread interest in plant community restoration, few studies have assessed white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus Zimm.) herbivory on herbaceous species and even fewer studies have focused on deer herbivory in restored plant communities. During 2007–2009, we investigated the effect of deer density and associated deer browse on two restored forest and three restored savanna plant communities in Lake County, Illinois. We used 300 small (1.4 m diameter × 1.6 m height) exclosed plots and 1-m2 unexclosed plots to compare the effects of deer herbivory on forbs. We quantified and compared percent non-herbaceous ground cover, species diversity, species evenness, and floristic quality between exclosed plots and unexclosed plots, as well as among preserves within each plant community type. Species diversity and floristic quality of forbs may be maximized at a deer density between 6–22 deer km2 in restored forest communities in northeastern Illinois. Floristic quality was higher in exclosed plots compared to unexclosed plots at all savanna sites. In both plant communities, species evenness may have increased with higher deer density due to an increase in non-preferred plants and non-native species invading locations where preferred native forbs were chronically consumed. Our results highlight the importance of assessing the species diversity, evenness, and floristic quality of target plant communities to determine the impact of deer herbivory at varying deer densities.


Background: Nutrition-related diseases are a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in the KSA. Limited information exists regarding nutrition and health behaviours of college-aged females. Objectives: The aim of this study is to assess the current nutrition behaviours in a sample of subjects from the University of Hail. Methods: This study involved 241 students enrolled in UOH, female campus. A confidential survey requesting self -reported information on nutrition behaviours, health status, weight and height was collected using a standardised questionnaire. Results: Mean age and BMI was 20.68 ± 1.75 and 23.30 ± 4.50. The majority of subjects reported that their perceived health is good (76 %) and physically they feel strong (63 %).Only around 19 % eat fresh fruits, 30 % drink milk, 25 % drink fresh juices 5 or more days in a week while atleast 50 % drink soft drinks, 49 % eat chips, 67 % eat chocolates, 44 % eat desserts/sweets, 32 % eat fast foods. Obesity is significantly high in those subjects with high chips consumption habit (χ 2 = 14.401; p =0.025) and less water consuming habit (χ 2 =


1 Fendiline, a diphenylalkylamine type of antianginal drug, was examined for its effects on L‐type calcium channels in guinea‐pig ventricular myocytes by the whole‐cell patch‐clamp technique. 2 Fendiline (0.3–100 μm) applied extracellularly inhibited the calcium channel current (ICa) in a concentration‐ and time‐dependent manner. The IC50 of fendiline was 17.0 ± 2.43 μm and the Hill slope was 1.39 ± 0.23. 3 Inhibition of ICa by fendiline appeared with an onset of less than 3 s. 4 Fendiline inhibited ICa at all the membrane potentials tested and shifted the current‐voltage curve upwards. The overall calcium channel conductance (gCa) of the cell was reduced and conductance‐voltage curve was shifted to the left in the presence of fendiline. 5 Isoprenaline (0.5–1 μm), a β‐adrenoceptor agonist, partially reversed the inhibitory effect of fendiline on ICa. 6 It is suggested that fendiline applied extracellularly blocks L‐type calcium channels and reduces calcium channel conductance of the cell. The calcium channels thus inhibited are, nevertheless, still available for β‐adrenoceptor stimulation.


Taiwan's active mountain belt is a spotlight for orogenic studies and was first used to test the critical‐taper wedge mechanics. The concept of an orogenic wedge above a shallow detachment surface has been highly influential on current understanding of orogenic processes in Taiwan. However, the recent ML 6.2 and ML 6.5 2013 Nantou reverse‐faulting earthquakes in central Taiwan have nucleated below the proposed detachment, indicating that active mountain building is occurring below the orogenic wedge. We estimate the coseismic slip distributions and fault geometry using the uniform stress drop slip inversions. The earthquakes occur on essentially the same 30° dipping fault plane ramping up from ~20 km depth near a cluster of 1999 Chi‐Chi earthquake aftershocks to the shallow detachment and the Chi‐Chi fault plane. The fault could be a deep extension of a mature shallow fault or a newly developed deep ramp fault that is not reflected in the surface geology.


Corporate Social Responsibility affects Corporate Governance as it stretches the accountability of companies beyond its traditional boundaries. This however may conflict with the corporate objective of maximizing stockholder wealth. The paper provides an overview of various academic theories and corporate attitudes on this issue and discusses the merits and disadvantages of the two main governance modes: the stockholder mode and the stakeholder mode.


We investigated the electroweak corrections from one-loop diagrams involving the third generation (s)quarks to the decay width of the process 1+ → W+10 in the framework of the minimal supersymmetric standard model. Our calculation shows that these corrections are not very sensitive to the mass of the lightest neutralino 10 and the sbottom mixing angle θb, but depend strongly on the top squark mixing angle θt and tanβ. With our chosen parameters, we find that these radiative corrections can exceed 10%, therefore they should be taken into account for the precise experimental measurement at future colliders.


Background : ARV clinic's good service help HIV patients receive the complete and correct medication. The purpose of this study were comparison of service time and accuracy of drug received before and after the development of cluster service system regarding drugs regimen at ARV, Borai Hospital, Trad Province. Method : This research design was a pre – experimental study, one group pre – post test design. The participants were 121 HIV patients who were attending at Borai hospital's ARV clinic, Trad Province between October 2009 to September 2011, two consecutive years. Data were collected on October 2010 and September 2011. The instrument consist of a cluster service system regarding drugs regimen at antiretrovirus (ARV) clinic and a screening tool of Borai Hospital's ARV clinic that cover personal data , time of service and accuracy of drug spending. Data were analyzed by using descriptive statistic, paired t test and McNemar test. Results : The results of this study revealed that more participants were female (53.7 percent), 41 – 50 years old (43.8 percent). Mean ± standard deviation of time to drugs consume was 3.45 ± 2.32. After the development of cluster service system regarding drugs regimen, 1) mean of service time had significantly reduced from 329.97 to 150.89 minutes 2) number of HIV patients received wrong amount of ARV drugs decreased from five to zero but not significantly differ. Conclusion : Based on these findings, it is recommended that the cluster service system regarding drugs regimen can be role model for other ARV clinic.


Abstract The manuscript discusses a theoretical model that predicts a giant magnetoelectric (ME) coupling in laminates of ferrite and piezoelectric bimorph at the coincidence of electromechanical resonance for the electrical subsystem and ferromagnetic resonance for the ferrite. In such structures, the ME interaction is a result of mechanical strain. Using the piezoelectric bimorph gives rise to the excitation of high-order harmonic modes that are suppressed in ferrite-piezoelectric bilayers. ME coefficients, on the order of 590 V/A at 4.96 GHz, is predicted for the third resonance mode in laminate of yttrium-iron garnet and langatate bimorph. The phenomenon can be used for the realization of microwave sensors based on ME interaction.


Objective: To compare physical activity and sedentary time among young children whose schools adhere to traditional (i.e. three outdoor playtimes = 70 minutes) versus balanced day (i.e. two outdoor playtimes = ~55 minutes) schedules in Ontario full-day kindergarten classrooms. Design: The project was part of a larger, 2-year cross-sectional study. Setting: Full-day kindergarten classrooms across London, Ontario, Canada. Methods: Participants included 113 young children (mean age = 4.69 years; standard deviation [SD] = 0.66 years) from eligible full-day kindergarten programmes. Participants' physical activity and sedentary data were collected using Actical accelerometers worn for five consecutive days during school hours only. Type of school schedule and periods of outdoor play were captured using the Environment and Policy Assessment and Observation tool. Results: Participants mean activity rates (i.e. sedentary time, light physical activity, moderate-to-vigorous physical activity [MVPA] and total physical activity [TPA]) during school hours were similar across both formats. Participants' overall daily physical activity and sedentary time did not significantly differ across school schedule type (p > .05); however, participants adhering to the traditional schedule accumulated significantly more TPA outdoors than those following the balanced day schedule. Conclusion: Neither schedule format appeared to be superior with regard to supporting overall daily physical activity nor minimising sedentary time in school, although children adhering to the traditional schedule format did accumulate more physical activity during periods of outdoor play. Regardless of schedule type, steps are warranted to encourage additional movement (and minimise sedentary behaviours) in the school setting by school and public health officials.


It is a common belief that science and religion are incompatible views on life that contradict each other and, on first thoughts this appears true; one appears to be based on fact, the other, as some may see it, on fiction. Nevertheless, many great scientists have been religious. Christianity was first adopted by the Greeks from Antioch who were the first non-Jews to take on the faith. These Greeks are said to be the founders of science and logic. Therefore, is there a hidden link between the two ways of thinking of which our society is ignorant and unknowing? Science and religion are two different ways of interpreting life and the world that we live in. They


This paper reports the design, fabrication, and characterization of an electrostatic micromotor with an integrated photodiode-based closed loop control system. Feedback control enables the synchronization of electrical excitation and mechanical motion, resulting in stable motor operation. This approach allows the realization of smart micromotors and micropositioners capable of providing position control, increased speed and continuous motion. Furthermore, it enables adaptive control of Power MEMS devices such as micropumps and microgenerators that require stable, efficient, and reliable operation.


This study examined the effects of providing an explanation on procedural fairness, distributive fairness, and task motivation under both favorable and unfavorable outcome conditions. Participants (N = 164) arrayed in three-person groups made a selection decision concerning which of two candidates would be better at a brainstorming task, with the understanding that the chosen candidate would be added to their group. The experimenter could choose to uphold or overrule the group's decision, creating the manipulation of outcome favorability. Our results showed that the outcome favorability manipulation, and participants' self-reported outcome expectations, moderated the effects of providing an explanation, such that an explanation had the most positive effects in light of unexpected, unfavorable outcomes.


We study the effects of the axial component of the shear stress on unsteady pipeline flows. We show that the axial component of the shear stress should be introduced in the modeling of unsteady flows, and as a numerical model, we propose a one-dimensional momentum equation in which a term containing the second derivative of the velocity with respect to space is introduced. The momentum equation and the continuity equation are converted into a system suitable for the application of upstream difference approximations. Numerical results are presented, and their correspondence with experimental results is examined to see how our model captures phenomena observed experimentally. 2000 Mathematics Subject Classification: 65M06, 76F99. 1. Introduction. A small disturbance in a liquid pipeline flow may result in an unexpectedly rapid increase of the pressure. Such a burst of the pressure is called waterhammer, and it is one of phenomena peculiar to unsteady pipeline flows. On the other hand, the generation of the high pressure due to waterhammer becomes a pressure wave, and it propagates with the sound speed. The rapid transmission of a pressure wave is another phenomenon characteristic of unsteady pipeline flows. In this paper, we show how these phenomena can be treated mathematically. In particular, we introduce a new model to capture phenomena observed experimentally and show how it can be analyzed numerically. In Section 2, we introduce some experimental results to illustrate unsteady pipeline flows. A pipeline was connected to a water tank at one end and a valve was set at the other end. The valve was set open initially to allow a uniform flow to form. Then the valve was closed suddenly, and waterhammer was generated. We present the temporal change of the pressure which was measured in the transition. In Section 3, we propose a new model to analyze unsteady liquid pipeline flows numerically. We show that an expression derived from the Darcy-Weisbach equation corresponds to the radial component of the shear stress in a steady radially symmetric laminar flow, and that the axial component should be retained in the modeling of unsteady flows. In Section 4 ,w e turn to a numerical aspect of the problem. We show how upstream difference approximations can be applied to the momentum equation and the continuity equation. We also present some numerical results and examine their correspondence with experimental results introduced in Section 2. 2. Description of unsteady pipeline flows. In this section, we present some results obtained in an experimental study of unsteady pipeline flows. Three pipes of lengths L1 = 26.87 m, L2 = 16.9 m, and L3 = 10.6 m were connected to form a pipeline. The


Voltage contrast technique is very useful for semiconductor devices characterization but standard SEMs are not equipped with proper facilities. A simple voltage contrast detection unit based on an original design of the electron energy analyzer has been presented. The detachable unit enables us to display and measure the potential distribution on the surface of integrated circuit.


and ethnohistory. The latest issue, vol. 64(1977), contained sixteen articles: three on archaeology, six on preconquest ethnohistory, two on postconquest history and five related to contemporary cultural anthropology. Six of the articles were in French, six in Spanish, two in Italian and two in English. Approximately half of the articles in volumes 58-64 have been written in languages other than French, most of them in Spanish. Since no information is given on the authors, it is difficult to determine the number of scholars who are affiliated with French institutions, though some clearly are not. For example, Peter Gerhard published an article in vol. 59 (1970) and vol. 62 included an article by Howard Cline published posthumously and an article by Stephen Colston, then of the University of California. Two of the seven volumes (vol. 63 covers 1974-1976) are completely devoted to special topics; vol. 58 to research on the afro-american and vol. 63 to Andean civilization. In addition, vol. 64 featured six articles focused on the enthnohistory of the Valley of Mexico according to Nahuatl Indian chronicles. The range of material and areas of interest is wide and the journal publishes work of interest to non-anthropologists. For example, the 1977 issue contained an excellent article by Tomas Gomez on the use of Indian porters in sixteenth century New Granada and another by Virve Piho on the Church economy in New Spain. The previous issue, vol. 63, contained an interesting document on postconquest Indian religion edited with commentary by Pierre Duviols, "Une petite chronique retrouvee 'Errores, ritos, supersticiones y ceremonias de los indios de la provincia de Chinchacocha y otras del Piru, 1603' Ed. et Commentaire." Earlier volumes offered articles on colonial mining, Indians in California in the early nineteenth century, the boundaries of Indian kingdoms in New Spain at the time of the conquest and the chronology of the conquest in New Spain, among others.


We suggest a method to experimentally obtain two-dimensional matter-wave discrete solitons with a self-repulsive Bose–Einstein condensate in optical lattices. At the edge of the Brillouin zone, a wavepacket effective mass is negative, which could be treated as an inversion of the nonlinearity sign. Above critical nonlinearity this makes the wavepackets collapse partially into localized modes with a chemical potential located in the gap between the first and the second bands. This critical nonlinearity is also associated with the smallest nonlinearity for which the discrete solitons are possible in the gap. Extensive numerical simulations for square and asymmetric honeycomb lattices in the continuous model illustrate every stage of the process.


With the widespread application of microprocessors and the consequent decrease in prices with volume, the possibility has arisen that it may be cost effective to replace large computers with networks of microcomputers in many applications. That this is an obvious idea whose time has come may be adjudged from the quantity of scientific papers read on the subject during 1975. A small apology for adding to their number should be prefaced with the assurance that this is written after a reading of many of them and that it is at least not the same. So saying, we choose to start with a discussion of alternative multiprocessor organizations as they compare for the stated purpose, that is, a potentially large number of microprocessors co-coperating on a single high performance application.


Treatment of chronic ischemic heart disease includes the use of non-drug methods (anti-hypodynamia, smoking cessation, etc.), as well as drug therapy, the main tasks of which are to reduce the risk of complications such as stroke, myocardial infarction, sudden cardiac death, and to gain an increase in life expectancy. An important aspect of treatment is also a decrease in the frequency and intensity of angina attacks, the need for short-acting nitrates, to gain an increase in physical activity, that is, an overall, improvement in the quality of life of patients. The article presents the results of studying the quality of life indicators of patients with stable angina pectoris with the use of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and magnetotherapy. 85 patients with stable angina pectoris were examined, divided into three groups according to the method of therapy. 28 patients of the I (control) group received a drug complex corresponding to the national protocol for the treatment of patients with angina pectoris: nitrates, beta-blockers, ACE inhibitors, antiplatelet drugs, statins (atorvastatin at a daily dose of 20 mg). 29 patients of the II group, together with protocol therapy, received the drug omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids in a daily dosage of 2000 mg, divided into 2 doses. In connection with the known hypolipidemic action of omega-3 PUFA, the daily dose of atorvastatin in this and the next group was reduced to 10 mg. Group III consisted of 28 patients who were prescribed omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and a course of magnetotherapy according to a special method against the background of the protocol medication complex. It was revealed that, initially in patients with angina, the quality of life indicators according to the Seattle questionnaire and the visual analogue scale were reduced. It was shown that with the use of the protocol medication complex, all the parameters of the quality of life improved reliably, with a significant reduction in the angina pain scales and less significant improvement on the scales of physical activity, assessments of health and the perception of the disease . Upon adherence to the therapy of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, there was a positive but very weak tendency to improve the quality of life indicators, which did not differ significantly from the control. The use of combined therapy with simultaneous inclusion of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and magnetotherapy led to significant and reliable improvement in the quality of life indicators, not only on the scales reflecting the pain component, but also on the indicators that characterize the psychological contribution to the quality of life (treatment satisfaction and quality of life (disease perception)). The significant improvement in the quality of life in patients receiving magnetotherapy in contrast to the absence of such influence in patients receiving omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids without magnetotherapy was due to the strong antianginal effect of MT, its sedative and emotionally relaxing action, and the ability to enhance the effects of medications.


Self-propagating malware spreads over the network quickly and automatically. Malware propagation should be modeled accurately for fast detection and defense. Existing malware propagation models fail to consider a number of issues. First, the malware can scan a host for multiple vulnerabilities on multiple ports. Second, the vulnerability scanning can be done by multiple threads concurrently. Third, the exploitation of vulnerabilities and the infection of vulnerable hosts cannot be done instantly. Fourth, the malware propagation can start from multiple places in the network rather than a single release point. Finally, the malware copies can collaborate with each other to cause much more damages. Inspired by the Fibonacci Number Sequence, We develop the discrete-time Generic Fibonacci Malware Propagation (GFMP) Model. We present the malware propagation tree and forest, prove that the GFMP model is analytically sound, and compare it to existing models. To our knowledge, the GFMP model is the first model that considers and quantifies issues of multiport scanning, multi-threading, infection time, multiple starting points, and collaboration among infected hosts. Experimental results show that the GFMP model can accurately represent the malware propagation, and fits in the propagation data of the real-world malware such as the notorious Witty Worm.


Background: Survivin is a protein that inhibits apoptosis and regulates cell division. Studies examining the expression of survivin in oral cancer are limited. Correlation between the expression of survivin in dysplasia and different grades of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) could help us to assess its use as a biomarker. Objectives: The objectives of this research were to evaluate the expression of survivin in dysplasia and in different grades of OSCC keeping in mind that when comparison is made between these two groups, it may highlight the use of this biomarker. Method: Forty samples divided into four groups; 10 each of dysplasia, well-differentiated OSCC, moderately differentiated OSCC and poorly differentiated OSCC were selected for the study. Immunohistochemical staining for the expression of survivin protein was performed. Results: Survivin showed increased expression in OSCC as compared to dysplasia, although the result was not statistically significant. The distribution of survivin showed significant differences between dysplasia and moderately differentiated OSCC. Conclusion: A higher expression of survivin was seen in OSCC as compared to dysplasia, hence it could be used as a marker for proliferation and invasion, but the immunohistochemical expression of survivin overall shows variable expression. To correlate the expression of survivin with the grade of the tumour, a bigger sample size is desirable.