arteriovenous malformation (BAVM) management based on the extensive experience of Dr. Michael Schwartz and his colleagues.1 They reviewed the charts of 211 BAVM patients. Thirty-three patients were excluded because they were lost to follow-up or had less than 12 months follow-up. Ten patients had incomplete radiation dose data. Twenty patients (11.9%) were determined to have either global or focal neurological deficits due to symptomatic brain edema following stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) for BAVM. This compares with the rate of 8% reported in a multi-institutional study of complications of SRS.2 In addition to the term "symptomatic edema" the authors use symptomatic post-radiation T2 signal change, adverse treatment effects, adverse treatment outcomes, adverse radiation effects and clinically symptomatic postradiosurgery imaging changes to describe these non-hemorrhagic complications through their paper. The latter two terms can include abnormal contrast enhancement, which is not the subject of this paper. Symptomatic edema best describes what they are reporting. The patients were treated with SRS using either a linear accelerator (LINAC) or Gamma Knife Surgery (GKS). Ninetysix patients were treated with Gamma Knife at the Toronto Western Hospital and 72 patients were treated with LINAC at the Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre. The authors studied the role of AVM angioarchitecture, which they have previously reported as an important factor in AVM obliteration by SRS. No other group has studied this factor in as much detail. The angioarchitecture of the AVMs was reviewed by neuroradiologists experienced in the interpretation of these lesions. Symptoms related to complicating brain edema occurred at an average of 12.9 months following treatment. The BAVM predictors significantly associated with symptomatic edema were; non-hemorrhagic presentation, presence of venous rerouting, radiosurgery with Gamma Knife (compared to LINAC), and more than one draining vein. The presence of a previous hemorrhage may be protective during SRS by causing a gliotic plane of tissue around the AVM, serving as a buffer zone. The presence of venous rerouting, manifested by multiple draining veins, suggests to the authors that impaired venous outflow from the AVM leads to rerouting of arterialized blood into veins that drain the adjacent normal brain which leads to venous congestion which results in edema. One wonders whether changes in regional cerebral blood flow due to disturbed autoregulation may contribute to edema in a manner similar to that postulated for surgically treated BAVMs by Spetzler and colleagues.3 Brain arteriovenous malformation treated by SRS are obliterated at varying rates and it is possible that there is an element of "normal perfusion pressure breakthrough" as the AVM is in the final stages of obliteration.


Susan Cattell highlights an important report from the Treasury Select Committee on Government plans for Making Tax Digital for businesses.


An ortho-olefinic moiety of a chelate phosphine ligand (VP) is shown to insert into the hydrido–metal bond of a complex to form compounds containing a metal–carbon σ-bond.


Patty Gay is Executive Director of The Preservation Resource Center of New Orleans. She asserts that those in charge must have a thorough understanding of the historical and cultural resources of an area and their potential. These resources can add significantly to the stimulation of business, especially tourism. HISTORIC PRESERVATION AND DEVELOPMENT Question 1: What is one of the most important elements in considering the redevelopment of an historic area in a renewal project like a World's Fair? Answer: The first and most important element is having in place enough legislation to protect the area in question. This usually involves the formation of an historical district and the specification of the types of development that can occur within this district. In the district where the World's Fair was located there was not full historic district control (there was only demolition review), so the City Council established temporary full design review authority, in an effort to control development. (The Louisiana Exposition was sponsored more by the state than the city.) Another important element to protective legislation is enforcing it. The organization that was to review the architectural plans of the Fair was The Historical District Landmark Commission. Question 2: Did the historical resource interest have input into decision-making of the Fair in relation to formal studies and plans? Answer: subject Also, a obtained plan for Yes. All work on buildings within the historic district was to design review by the historic district's Landmark Commission. grant from the National Trust for Historic Preservation was by the PRC to do an inventory, feasibility study, and a master the development of historical resources in the Warehouse


The present invention relates to female high heeled shoes. The shoes provides comfort during walking by preventing a load from being focused to toes during wearing and absorbing shocks, preventing the deformation of toes by providing stress to the inner arch of the sole of a foot, protects joints by strengthening Achilles′ tendon, and prevents damage to the vertebra according to the correction of a posture. For this, a protruding part (1) is formed in an area where the rear end of the arch of the sole of a foot is supported and an inclined surface (2) is formed to the rear end from the rear of the sole of a foot, thereby strengthening Achilles′ tendon.


A field experiment conducted at Research cum-Instructional Farm, Department of Agronomy, IGKV, Raipur (C.G.) during Kharif season of 2009 in Randomized Block Design (RBD) with three replications. The dominated weed flora of the rice field comprised Alternanthera triandra, Echinocloacolona, Fimbristylis miliacea and Cyperus iria throughout the crop season. Other weeds were Ischaemum rugosum, Boreriasirida, Commelina benghalensis, Cyanotis axillaris, Aeschynomene indica etc. observed in the experiment field. Results revealed that post-emergence combined application of Fenoxaprop-p-ethyl 60 g ha -1 + Ethoxysulfuron 15 g ha -1 at 20 and 35 DAT was statistically at par with hand weeding (twice) at 20 and 40 DAT for controlling weeds effectively in system of rice intensification method of rice.


One of the keys to an efficient loading of oil in the Arctic offshore is probably a subsea solution where the interference with ice is at a minimum. Therefore an attempt to assess the performance of an Arctic Shuttle Barge System including a subsea mooring and loading terminal was done at a modelscale of 1:25 in the Hamburg Ship Model Basin (HSVA) ice tank in 1999. The system consists of a barge of about 120 000 tons loaded displacement and 80 000 tons ballast displacement (90 000 DWT, length overall Loa = 265.5 m,) and a pusher/icebreaker of about 8000 tons displacement (2000 DWT, Loa = 86 m). The pusher serves as the main propulsion and connects/disconnects to a notch in the aft of the barge. The operational performance and forces exerted on the barge, the pusher and the mooring system, including a riser, were investigated. The system was pushed by the pusher through level ice or towed through level ice and pressure ridges by the mooring system. The latter simulated the moored condition in drifting ice. This paper describes the test set-up, procedures and performance of the concept when manoeuvring into the loading position in level ice. The maximum ice breaking force was about 23000 kN during a ridge event. The paper also elaborates on the use of a wedged plough and ice milling propellers to avoid ice from interfering with the mooring lines and riser. Finally we have a brief discussion on how the transhipment at the ice edge could be done.


School and district effectiveness studies show that high levels of student achievement are possible when schools and the district act as coordinated units of change. There is also a growing recognition that principals cannot lead alone and that school leadership teams (SLTs) are essential to the improvement process. Limited studies have explored the mental models of central office, principals, and teachers who are members of SLTs. We hypothesize that when SLTs and the central office engage collaboratively in professional development about the tasks of leadership, shared mental models are more likely to develop. A case study methodology is used and multiple sources of data are analyzed through two theoretical lenses: tasks of leadership and mental models. Findings indicate a growing congruence between the district and SLTs' mental models regarding the tasks of leadership. This study is significant in showing that with professional development, SLTs could serve as an important bridge between the central office and the schools in ways that can enhance coordination, depth, spread, and commitment to district reforms.


Acknowledgements Introduction 1. The Soviet view of non-alignment in the international order 2. The Soviet Union and the search for international security by the non-aligned states 3. Soviet policy and neutralisation in the Third World 4. Soviet policy and military alignment in the Third World Conclusion Notes Select bibliography Index.


Abstract : Jacobi methods for symmetric matrices have prompted the search for generalizations to reduce any complex square matrix to upper triangular form using unitary similarity transformations. All attempts have been unsuccessful. It is not the case that all previous investigators have failed to find the right algorithm, It is shown here that there are intrinsic limitations on Jacobi-type procedures. (Author)


The utility model discloses a water seal device for a water pump. The water seal device comprises a main sleeve ring sleeved outside a water pump shaft, an auxiliary sleeve ring is arranged outside the main sleeve ring, a radially outward main sleeve ring flanging is arranged on one side of the main sleeve ring, a radially outward auxiliary sleeve ring flanging is arranged on one side of the auxiliary sleeve ring far away from the main sleeve ring flanging, an outer ring cavity is formed on one side of the main sleeve ring flanging opposite to the auxiliary sleeve ring flanging, an elastic device is arranged in the outer ring cavity, and two sides of the elastic device are abutted with the main sleeve ring flanging and the auxiliary sleeve ring flanging respectively. By the aid of the two sleeve rings, the water pump shaft more flexibly rotate, and sealing effects are better as the main sleeve ring flanging and the auxiliary sleeve ring flanging can be more closely matched with a pump body.


The author firstly analyzes the problems existing in suspecting non-prosecution system,tries to set up rules of scientific evidence,and then introduces the evaluation process of notarized evidence so as to improve parties remedy mechanism in suspecting non-prosecution cases.This is to help prosecutors not only be close to the real case more efficiently and objectively so as to minimize suspecting non-prosecution cases,but also make the public truly appreciate the objectivity and impartiality of law enforcement of procuratorial organs.


It is a great privilege for me, at this ceremonial gathering, to record an appreciation of the late Sir Hersch Lauterpacht, after whom the Chair of Public International Law in the Law Faculty of the Hebrew University of Jerusalem will henceforth be named. This is a welcome opportunity, for the Faculty and for me personally, as one who occupied that Chair until recently, once more to honour the memory of an illustrious scholar, of whom we had earlier expressed our deeply-felt esteem by the publication of a collection of studies in Public International Law, dedicated to him. Today, as we immortalize the name of Lauterpacht in our Faculty, we may recall that, in one of the two unforgettable lectures that he delivered at the Hebrew University on the occasion of its 25th anniversary celebrations—a lecture given, be it noted, in the Hebrew language—he voiced his satisfaction at the distinct and important place assigned to international law in the Faculty's course of studies, adding: "What can be more proper than that the discipline of the rule of law among nations should be taught in the City of the Prophets, who first proclaimed, in resounding accent which will stir mankind even after the Federation of the World has become a reality, the ideals of international peace and brotherhood among the nations of the world?"


Prion diseases, or Transmissible Spongiform Encephalopathies (TSE), are infectious neurodegenerative diseases occurring in humans and animals with an invariably lethal outcome. The aggregation of aberrantly folded prion protein into large amyloid plaques and fibrous structures, associated with neuro-degeneration, are until today the basic mechanisms supposed. The most common human prion disease is the Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease (CJD), of which three subtypes are been described: infectious, sporadic, familial. All CJD subtypes have been successfully transmitted to primates by ingestion or inoculation of brain tissue, thus fulfilling one of the main characteristics of TSE diseases. The transmitted or infectious group consists of "Kuru", iatrogenic CJD, and new variant CJD (described in the United Kingdom since 1996 and more likely related with bovine spongiform encephalopathy in cattle or BSE). Approximately 85% of all human prion diseases are actually sporadic forms of CJD, with a reported incidences of 0.4-1.8 cases per million people per year. There is not association for sporadic CJD with a mutant allele of PRNP gene, nor there is any epidemiological evidence for exposure to a TSE agent through Acta Medica Mediterranea, 2016, 32: 729


Over the years, various methods for estimating and projecting forest resources have been developed and are used by countries where the forest sector is important. Therefore, the obligation to report and account for forest resources, including changes in carbon stocks in a forest area, has gained attention. The latest regulations (Land Use, Land Use Change and Forestry—LULUCF) requires European Union (EU) members to annually report and publish national accounting plans estimating emissions and removals from managed forest areas (Regulation EU 2018/841). The major challenge is to choose and adapt a unique tool for this accounting. At the same time, they need to provide reliable estimates that are recognized by regulators and control authorities. This study focuses on comparing the adaptation of two accounting frameworks: the Operational-Scale Carbon Budget Model of the Canadian Forest Sector (CBM-CFS3) and the European Forest Dynamics Model (EFDM). Both tools are based on National Forest Inventory (NFI) data. It is assumed that the EFDM can provide similar results to the CBM-CFS3, which is already used in Poland. Implementing the EFDM and adapting it to Polish conditions could facilitate forest management decision-making and the preparation of forest policies. The main objective of this study was to compare and validate the accuracy of the results obtained with the EFDM framework. Metrics compared using both tools included growing stock volume, biomass of growing stock expressed in carbon units and age–class distribution over area. The comparison was based on the agreement of EFDM with CBM-CFS3 results. The volume of logging was taken from the EFDM and compared with the values obtained by Statistics Poland. This study also provides a guide for framework parameterization directly from the Polish National Forest Inventory data from the 2010–2015 cycle. Our main findings are that the results of the two models are reasonably comparable (the extent of deviation is acceptable). Moreover, the first implementation of the EFDM showed that it is an easy-to-use open-source program that allows forest managers to implement their own settings according to their needs. This document elucidates the concept of using both frameworks under Polish conditions and provides an impression of their performance for future modelers, students and researchers.


Structural state, character of plastic flow at various scale levels, fracture and mechanical properties of armco-iron subjected to equichannel angular pressing by different deformation routes with subsequent annealing were studied with transmission electron, optical and scanning tunnelling microscopes. It was determined that the banded fragmented structures or equiaxed structures are formed in the bulk of the submicrocrystalline armco-iron specimen depending on the mode of equichannel angular pressing. The research of a strain-induced relief shown that plastic flow of submicrocrystalline armco-iron with banded fragmented structure is strongly localised near the ends of the specimen. At the same time the most of working part of the specimens remains almost undeformed. Plastic flow is realised by development of localised deformation mesoand macrobands. Fracture of the specimens occurs along the macrobands of localised plastic deformation. The stress-strain curves for the specimens are characterised by a stage of strong work hardening followed by a lengthy area of decrease in deforming stresses. The stage of work hardening on the stress-strain curve corresponds to the appearance of the set of localised plastic deformation mesobands. The reduction of deforming stresses is caused by macroband propagation. It is found that strong localisation of plastic deformation and low plasticity take pace until banded fragmented structure is preserved. Fracture of banded fragmented structure under annealing causes the involving of the bulk of the material into plastic flow. As a result, stress-strain curves take a usual shape.


Home hemodialysis: a pioneering experience In August 2014, the first Home Hemodialysis (HHD) program started in Campania. Two patients, who previously underwent standard hemodialysis, started home hemodialysis through the Short Daily Home Hemodialysis (SDHHD) program. This methodology consists of five/six treatments per week for a period of about 2.5 hours using the portable cycler NxStage System One. Prof. Bruno Memoli† and I decided to start this project because we believed that it was important to give the patients the possibility to choose a dialysis treatment that offers an improved quality of life and better clinical outcomes. Today HHD uses simplified and much safer devices and allows to reduce the costs of hemodialysis in many ways. The results of our experience are promising and the introduction of this program can offer to patients an additional treatment option that best suits their needs and that is associated with a greater sense of freedom and well-being.


The growing awareness of the pressing need for greener, more sustainable technologies has focused attention on the use of atom efficient catalytic methodologies for the manufacture of fine chemicals and pharmaceuticals. Another aspect which is receiving increasing attention is the use of alternative reaction media that circumvent the problems associated with many of the traditional volatile organic solvents. The use of nonconventional reaction media also provides opportunities for facilitating the recovery and recycling of the catalyst. The state of the art in the use of alternative reaction media for green, sustainable organic synthesis is reviewed. Liquid–liquid biphasic catalysis provides an industrially attractive method for the recovery and recycling of catalysts as an alternative to the more traditional solid heterogeneous catalysts. Various approaches to liquid–liquid biphasic catalysis—aqueous biphasic, fluorous biphasic, supercritical carbon dioxide, ionic liquids and various combinations thereof—are reviewed and compared. "The best solvent is no solvent" but if a solvent is needed then water has a lot to recommend it and catalysis in aqueous biphasic systems is an industrially attractive methodology which has found broad application. Similarly, supercritical carbon dioxide is an interesting reaction medium in the context of green chemistry and catalysis in various mono- and biphasic systems involving this solvent are reviewed. Fluorous biphasic systems and ionic liquids also have advantages in certain situations and the advantages and limitations of these media are compared. The ultimate in clean catalytic technologies is to telescope multistep syntheses into one-pot in the form of catalytic cascade processes. Examples of such catalytic cascades involving both chemo- and biocatalytic conversions are presented. Biocatalysis has a distinct advantage in this context in that the reactions all take place at or close to ambient temperature and pressure. In emulation of natural processes, where several different enzymes are compartmentalised in the cell, it can be advantageous to immobilise the various catalysts in such a cascade process. In this context, a novel and effective method for the immobilisation of enzymes as cross-linked enzyme aggregates (CLEAs) is discussed and the use of a combi CLEA, containing two enzymes, for the one-pot conversion of benzaldehyde to S-mandelic acid is reported.


This brief summarizes five benefits of schools providing the PreACT® to all their students. The PreACT 8/91 and PreACT assessments are designed to provide students with an indication of their educational progress in the context of preparing for the ACT® and exploring postsecondary educational and career options. The PreACT assessments include four multiple-choice tests: English, math, reading, and science.


Objective:To investigate the role of Shen Qi Huang steady plaque caps(SQH) and simvastatin in stabilization of arterio-atheromatous plaque in rabbits whit atherosclerosis(AS) respectively or combinedly.Methods:Forty-five rabbits were randomly divided into five groups:normal food group(A),instability plaque group(B),SQH group(C),Simvastatin group(D),SQH add Simvastatin group.A group feed with common feeds,and B,C,D and E groups were given high cholesterol feeds.An atherosclerotic rabbit model was established by feeding high cholesterol diet supplemented for 12 weeks in B,C,D and E groups.B,C,D and E groups were feeded by high cholesterol diet,and C,D and E groups received corresponding drugs,for 14 weeks.At the end of 12th week and 26th week,the concentration in serum of lipids,vascular cellular adhesion molecule-1(VCAM-1),intercellular cellular adhesion molecule 1(ICAM-1) and high sensitivity C reaction protein(hs-CRP) were detected.Results:Compared with B group,the concentration of serum lipids,VCAM-1,ICAM-1,hs-CRP in the C,D and E groups were lower significantly(P0.01).These data from C group were outstriped D(P0.05),and that from E group were outstriped Cgroup(P0.01).Conclusion:SQH can effectively inhibit formation and progression of AS,and stabilization of the arterio-atheromatous plaque.For stabiling of the arterio-atheromatous plaque,SQH together with simvastatin has a synergistic effect.


If gamma-ray bursts originate in a corona around the Milky Way, it should also be possible to detect them from a similar corona around Andromeda. Adopting a simple model of high velocity neutron star corona, we evaluate the ability of instruments on existing missions to detect an excess of bursts toward Andromeda. We also calculate the optimal properties of an instrument designed to detect such an excess. We find that if the bursts radiate isotropically, an experiment with a sampling distance dmax≳500 kpc could detect a significant excess of bursts in the direction of Andromeda in a few years of observation. If the radiation is beamed along the neutron star's direction of motion, an experiment with dmax≳800 kpc would detect such an excess in a similar amount of time, provided that the width of the beam is greater than 10°. Lack of an excess toward Andromeda would therefore be compelling evidence that the bursts are cosmological in origin if made by an instrument at least 50 times more sensitive than BATSE...


think is quite indefensible. In this chapter Prof. Gaudry discusses the flints found by the Abbe Bourgeois in the Middle Miocene (Calcaires de Beauce) of Loir-et-Cher, concerning which opinions so differ. They are regarded as works of art by many archaeologists, among whom are cited MM. de Vibraye, de Mortillet, de Quatreffiges, Harny, etc., and the figures given by IProf. Gaudry are certainly favorable to this view. The great antiquity of the horizon is opposed to the belief that they could be the work of human hands, for the Calcaires de Beauce represent a horizon not much above the Oregon beds of our White river formation. As Gaudry remarks, no species of Mammal of that period still exists; and he adds, " it is not probable that the cutters of those flints remained the same amid universal change." His concluding words are as follows: " If then it is to be shown that the flints of the Calcaire de Beauce, collected by the Abbe' Bourgeois have been cut, the idea which presents itself most naturally to my mind is, that they were fashioned by the Dryopiz/hcugs." . As a popular and at the same time scientific exposition of the succession of Mammalian forms, as displayed by their structural details, this book has no rival. The author has been led, like most other thorough students, to adopt the doctrine of evolution, and some of his reasons are here clearly set forth. The work is distinguished for the excellence of its engravings and typography.


Within the field of archival science, recent attention has been paid to identifying scholastic practices that will ensure the development of innovative research as well as the preparedness of future archival educators. Information science, long the academic frame of archival programs in the U.S. and elsewhere, currently allows for considerable co-expansion with digital humanities innovations when we consider the possibility of digital libraries, digital archives, and web-based collections integrating a humanist approach to display and users' interactivity with cultural objects. This paper reviews a workshop dedicated to charting the relationship between digital humanities and archival scholarship, as well as the opportunities to refine curricular and theoretical development in these two disciplines. The concepts expressed here would facilitate the efforts of practitioners to critically examine issues of pedagogy, practical training, and disciplinary alignment under a goal of sustaining the extraordinary expansion of applied humanist theory exemplified in research ventures we have seen thus far. The Archival Education and Research Institute held in July 2009 represented the inaugural event of a four-year project to develop strategies and examine current issues in archival science. Towards the study of records with enduring value, created in many contexts and preserved in various formats, this Institute explored varied issues shaping archival work and professional manuscript curation, and offered a unique forum for participants to share research ideas which extend into the purview of the digital humanities and cultural heritage preservation. Aspects of the Institute included curriculum and pedagogy development, methodology workshops, research presentations, and interactivity with the local community. The efforts of the Institute — part of "Building the Future of Archival Education and Research," an IMLSfunded initiative [AERI 2009] — are extended to a global academic community, incorporating diverse perspectives from several continents regarding the structure and nature of archival education in universities, and archivists' relationship to the information science infrastructure. A workshop, "Curriculum Development in Digital Humanities and Archival Studies" was held that focused on digital humanities scholarship, providing one of the first platforms for digital humanists and archival researchers to congregate in a non-virtual meeting space and collectively outline future directions for digital humanities research. Conveners of the workshop brought perspectives that highlighted recent advances in digital library and digital collection management. Stephen Davison, head of the Digital Library at the University of California, Los Angeles (UC Los Angeles), illustrated the changes wrought when traditional collection development shifts from physical accumulation of objects and documents, to digital projects. Archivists are familiar with the concept of appraisal, having been exposed to theories and practices regarding the evaluation of a document's "enduring value," viability to the institution's focus, and scholarly relevance. But how does a digital archivist appraise a collection which consists of potentially thousands of digital objects, and produce a navigable, attractive digital library which is accessible to non-expert users? Davison suggested that digital archivists may be guided in their decisions by conducting an evaluation of the collection's projected "usefulness," so as to ensure that the archivist's efforts are relevant to the greatest number of users (though niche projects also serve the needs of specialized scholars, such as the Rossetti Archive at http://www.rossettiarchive.org/). Davison cited the


This paper explores the significance of spiritual genealogy as a historiographical device in Franciscan representations of the order's past during the medieval and early modern period. Certain visual exponents of this heuristic – murals, engravings, and manuscript paintings of Franciscan family trees – have been the subject of increasing scholarly attention. I argue that these visual family trees are only one manifestation of a broader tendency to represent and analyse Franciscan order history in genealogical terms. Other manifestations include written historiography, as well as genealogical images other than trees. The versatility of these visual and verbal genealogical representations of the Franciscan past made them into an adaptable means for communicating a variety of messages, apart from emphasizing Franciscan community in a general sense.First, I discuss the main developments in visual representations of the Franciscan family tree during the late medieval period, in tandem with closely related written perspectives on Franciscan order history, so as to point out the perennial conversation between its textual and visual manifestations. By shifting away some of the attention from the visual tree-model in favour of seeing it as part of a larger tendency in textual culture to represent order history in genealogical and/or arboreal terms, it becomes clear that late medieval Franciscan genealogical representations offer a particular, eschatological perspective on order history, associated with Spiritual and Observant Franciscan contexts.Second, my examination of the same phenomena during the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries, when family tree visualisations became much more widespread, suggests that the genealogia emerged as a particular form for organising and presenting written order histories, current among all Franciscan orders. I outline the contours of this diversified sub-set of Franciscan order historiography that employed genealogy as a versatile heuristic, connecting Franciscan communities to a shared familial past, often elaborating links or occasionally even claims to certain local territories.Overall, it shall become clear that textual and visual representations of the order's past often – but not necessarily – went hand in hand, and that genealogical perspectives on Franciscan order history were a deeply-seated heuristic device that exceeded the visual rhetoric of the tree diagram.


Large Eddy Simulations (LES) have been used to simulate the development, separation, reattachment and downstream recovery of the flow over a smoothly contoured ramp. Five different subgrid models have been compared on a grid of intermediate resolution containing 19.2 million cells and the effect of grid resolution has been examined by studying the behavior of one model on four different grids varying between 2.4 and 153.6 million cells. All LES models capture the main flow features, but the results on the intermediate and fine grids generally show better agreement with the experimental data.


A brief review of articles on the flotation of minerals using a combination of reagents is presented. It is noted that the main attention of the authors is aimed at studying the effect of the combination of collectors at the mineral-liquid interface. It was shown that one of the reagents or associates formed as a result of their joint action, possessing surface activity, can serve as a desorbed form of sorption and help reduce the induction time during the formation of a flotation complex.


Objective To observe the characteristics of the iris fluorescein angiography(IFA) in albino rabbits with acute hypotony,and investigate the feasibility of IFA in awake albino rabbits.Design Experimental study.Participants 12 New Zealand White rabbits(12 eyes).Methods The acute hypotony model was produced by vitreous fluid aspiration.Rabbits were randomly divided into 4 groups,group 0h,2h,4h and 8h(3 rabbits 3 eyes each group),and taken slit-lamp examination,photographs of anterior segment and IFA at each hypotony time point respectively and so did when eye was good.Then 3 rabbits(3 eyes) were chosen randomly to constitute group1-4d for those examinations at 1d,2d and 4d.Rabbits were bundled and opened the palpebral fissure with eye cup and then taken IFA with injecting sodium fluorescein in ear vein.Main Outcome Measures Degree and time of fluorescein leakage in iris and aqueous humor.Results Acute hypotony caused the massive fluorescein leakage into iridal stroma and anterior chamber,the most serious at 0h,then relieving from 2h,and closing to the normal except a little more vasoganglion in iris after 8h.Bundling and using eye cups on rabbits make it possible to do IFA when they were awake.Conclusons Iris fluorescein angiography can verify that acute hypotony can destroy blood-aqueous barrier,and the destruction is the most serious in the early stage and relieves gradually with time.


Despite an increasing use of formal healthcare systems such as the Electronic Medical Record (EMR) and communication devices, informal communication continues to play an important role in the highly collaborative, dynamic, and information-rich medical work. Formal systems often fail to support the spontaneous and opportunistic needs of healthcare providers to communicate patient information. Yet it is not clear what constitutes informal communication in healthcare practices, what roles does it play in the patient care process, what types of technologies can be designed to support informal communication, and how to design them. This workshop aims to gather interested researchers to better understand informal communication in healthcare, to discuss their implications for CSCW healthcare research, and to brainstorm technological innovations that can support the informal aspects of health communication.


Abstract : A one-dimensional analysis of the small-amplitude oscillatory burning of a solid propellant has been developed. The analysis is based on a simplified flame model using quasi-steady gas-phase approximation. The difference between this analysis and previous analyses is that radiant heat loss from the burning surface has been included in the present theory. This heat loss produces significant qualitative and quantitative differences in the unsteady behaviour of solid propellants at low pressures. The effect of initial temperature on the stability of the combustion process has also been examined. (Modified author abstract)


Introduction: Management of dyslipidemia is an important part of most practice guidelines with many variations between these guidelines. Unfortunately, usually these guidelines are not followed widely on the level of primary care, possibly due to insufficient qualification of health care staff in primary care, non-participation in recent guidelines, and unrealistic target assigned to patients that leads them to non-compliance with medication and follow-up. Methodology: We conducted this review using a comprehensive search of MEDLINE, PubMed, and EMBASE, January 2001, through February 2017. The following search terms were used: dyslipidemia, primary health care dyslipidemia management, follow-up of dyslipidemia.
 Aim: In this review, we aimed at evaluating the management expected from primary health care for risk assessment, treatment and follow-up of patients with dyslipidemia.
 Conclusion: Many guidelines exist for the proper management of dyslipidemia in the primary care setting. Screening is crucial for preventing the cardiovascular sequelae of dyslipidemia. Management modalities include lifestyle modification and pharmacotherapy, while the significance of follow-up cannot be neglected.


Methods for Optimal Output Prediction in Computational Fluid Dynamics by Steven M. Kast Chair: Krzysztof J. Fidkowski In a Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) simulation, not all data is of equal importance. Instead, the goal of the user is often to compute certain critical outputs – such as lift and drag – accurately. While in recent years CFD simulations have become routine, ensuring accuracy in these outputs is still surprisingly difficult. Unacceptable levels of output error arise even in industry-standard simulations, such as the steady flow around commercial aircraft. This problem is only exacerbated when simulating more complex, unsteady flows. In this thesis, we present a mesh adaptation strategy for unsteady problems that can automatically reduce errors in outputs of interest. This strategy applies to problems in which the computational domain deforms in time – such as flapping-flight simulations – and relies on an unsteady adjoint to identify regions of the mesh contributing most to the output error. This error is then driven down via refinement of the critical regions in both space and time. Here, we demonstrate this strategy on a series of flapping-wing problems in two and three dimensions, using high-order discontinuous Galerkin (DG) methods for both spatial and temporal discretizations. Compared to other methods, results indicate that this strategy can deliver a desired level of output accuracy with significant reductions in computational cost. After concluding our work on mesh adaptation, we take a step back and investigate another idea for obtaining output accuracy: adapting the numerical method itself. In particular, we show how the test space of discontinuous finite element methods can be "optimized" to achieve accuracy in certain outputs or regions. In this work, we compute test functions that ensure accuracy specifically along domain boundaries. These regions – which are vital to both scalar outputs (such as lift and drag) and distributions (such as pressure and skin friction) – are often the most important from an engineering standpoint.


Biodiesel B20 is a mixture of 80% fossil diesel fuel and 20% biofuel. When using B20, the fuel has problems in the form of jelly or mud deposition, so it needs to be overcome by treatment. The treatment that is used today uses a circulation pump but has shortcomings and is not efficient so it needs to be modified using a stirrer. In this research, an analysis of the stirrer treatment using ANSYS software simulation method was carried out to determine the change of sediment before and after stirring, with stirring speed 150 rpm. The use of a stirrer simulation is to make 2 simulation models in the main tank as the largest volume and the daily tank as the smallest volume aims to determine the differences in the results of stirring in the largest and smallest tank.. At the time of stirring, the result is a decrease in sediment from 0 minutes to 4 minutes, then 4 minutes to 8 minutes, then 8 minutes to 12 minutes, then 12 minutes to 16 minutes, then 16 minutes to 20 minutes the fuel has decreased very much and the sediment is almost gone. When stirring is carried out for 20 minutes, the sediment in the fuel tank has not reached 0% so it needs to be stirred continuously until the deposit is 0%. After the fuel has not settled, the fuel is transferred to the main engine using a transfer pump.


Purpose Patients with breast cancer (BC) in Area 2 KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, often present with advanced disease. We performed a review of the patients' sociodemographic characteristics and their reasons for late presentation to identify what changes could be made to improve time to presentation. Patients and Methods Fifty women with T1, T2, T3, or T4 BC were assessed for sociodemographic data. Patients in T3 and T4 groups were asked to provide reasons for late presentation. Results Of 172 patients, 50 had T2, T3, or T4 BC, and 22 had T1. Age ranged from 23 to 100 years (average, 56 years). There was no significant difference in age for different tumor sizes. The average size of a T1 tumor was 1.8 cm; T2, 3.6 cm; T3, 11.4 cm; and T4, 14.8 cm. Regarding education, 19% of patients had never attended school (T1, 5%; T2, 12%; T3, 22%; T4, 32%), and 19% had completed their education (finished 12th grade). The average education level was 6th grade. Patients with larger tumors had less education (P < .05). Of the patients who lived in rural areas, 41% had T1, 52% had T2, 66% had T3, and 78% had T4 tumors (P < .01). Patients with larger tumors were associated with having less electricity in their homes than patients with smaller tumors (P < .05). Patients presented with a variety of symptoms. A breast lump was the presenting complaint in 96% of T1 and T2, 68% of T3 and 32% of T4; with a nipple or skin change, 2% of T3 and 8% of T4; because their families insisted, 6% of T3 and 8% of T4; because of pain, 24% of T3; and because of pain with malodorous smell, 50% of T4. Patients' reasons for late presentation were fear (40%), not aware of disease severity (40%), fear of losing a breast (40%), referral problems (34%), financial problems (8%), and transportation problems (6%). Approximately 33% sought medical help from traditional healers, and 65% regularly attended clinics. Conclusion Patients who presented late often lived in rural areas with fewer amenities (such as having no electricity in their homes), less education, and poor understanding of BC. Pictorial information about BC needs to be introduced to people who live in rural communities, and opportunistic screening needs to be provided at local clinics.


In this article, we study distributed relay selection methods assuming a dual-hop Decode-and-Forward (DF) relaying protocol. We assume Uplink (UL) phase in a cellular network where multiple source nodes seek the assistance of candidate relay nodes for message delivery. Due to complexity considerations, we consider that each relay node belongs to the relay set of at most one source node. Through local information exchanges, source nodes and relay nodes can learn the existence of nodes and related Channel State Information (CSI) in their neighborhood. We formalize a relay subset selection problem (RSSP) in which each source node that wishes to transmit determines a ranking of different subsets of relays and the problem is to decide how best to assign relays to source nodes in order to maximize the total transmission capacity of all sources. We first reduce the relay subset selection problem to the well known weighted independent set problem, which is NP-hard. This reduction enables a greedy centralized approximation algorithm. We also present a distributed auctioning algorithm which only requires direct communication between source nodes and those relays that are useful to the source nodes. No communication is required between the relay nodes. Numerical simulations were performed to compare the distributed auction method against the centralized greedy approximation algorithm.


This contribution examines the anthropometric dimensions of Indian population groups in comparison to other Asian, European and American sample groups. The linear dimensions and segmental weight and volume distributions indicate variations, particularly in the relative proportion of the body segments. Since the Asians in general are smaller in size, these differences have obvious implication in human modeling, and reflect in its application in simulation of human actions and biomechanical analysis.


Introduction: Psychosomatic experts have tried to associate mental disorders to physical illnesses. The vulnerability of different parts of the body is thought to depend on fundamental differences between individuals. One of the methods that seems to affect the psychological problems of asthma patients is acceptance and commitment therapy. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of acceptance- and commitment-based therapy on resilience, psychological well-being, and life expectancy in asthmatic patients.
Methods: This quasi-experimental pre-test and post-test study was conducted on 30 asthmatic patients who were randomly assigned to the experimental (n = 15) and control (n = 15) groups according to the inclusion criteria. Acceptance and commitment therapy sessions were based on the treatment package of Hayes et al. in 8 sessions of 60 minutes on the experimental group and no intervention was performed on the control group. All participants took part in the pre-test and post-test. Collection tools included Conner-Davidson Resilience Questionnaire, Schneider Life expectancy, and Ryf Psychological Well-being.
Results: The results showed a significant difference in the components of resilience, psychological well-being, and life expectancy in asthmatic patients before and after the experiment (p <0.05). In other words, acceptance and commitment-based therapy had a positive effect on resilience, psychological well-being and life expectancy in asthmatic patients and these components have increased in patients.
Conclusion: Findings showed that acceptance- and commitment-based therapy was effective on resilience, psychological well-being, and life expectancy of asthmatic patients. This treatment is suggested to be used in conjunction with drug therapy to improve the psychological symptoms of asthmatic patients.


This paper gives an overview of lessons learned from 30 years of experience of East-West integration in Europe. It covers issues related to the economics of transition of the Central, Eastern and Southeastern European (CESEE) economies after 1989, the relatively fast processes of institutional and economic catching-up, trade and production integration and the role of foreign direct investment (FDI). It also analyzes difficult labor market adjustments linked to structural change and changing skill demands, the strong forces leading to regional economic agglomeration and the recurrent difficulties in a range of economies in dealing with macroeconomic, particularly current account, imbalances. Finally, this contribution discusses the issues of reform reversals and political regression taking place in some CESEE countries and the political-economic analysis necessary to deal with these phenomena.


By same density and random range of eight fruit maize varieties introduced in South Xinjiang,the experiment showed that the diversity of bearing period was in the prophase, and then anaphase, unconspicuous or unvaried in the metaphase. The growth of caulis leaves number and stem followed "S" curve,the day increase peak of caulis leaves at big bell-mouthed stage and the maximal growth rate of stem at pregnant stage. The height of stem was positive relevant relationship with the number of caulis leaves and the day increase of stern. As the number of fruit increased, the size became small, the number of grains decreased and weight of 1000 grains reduced. However, the increase of fruit number could offset the yield loss caused by decreased fruit number and weight of 1000 grains. The varities, Mizhen 208, Tiancuimi and Huazhen, are better suitable for South Xinjiang.


Gas temperatures and pressures were measured around the second test position in the H2/O2 rocket engine at NASA-Lewis. Measured gas temperatures generally varied from 1210 to 1390 C. Measured pressures were in good agreement with other studies for throat tubes in a square chamber rocket engine. Heat transfer coefficients were measured at 90 and 180 degrees from the stagnation point and resulted in values of 27.5 and 8.5 kW/sq m C, respectively. A thermal model was developed to predict temperatures in bare and coated tubes and rods. Agreement between measured and predicted temperatures below the surface of a bare Mar-M 246 tube was very good for most of the heat up and cool down period. Predicted temperatures were significantly below measured temperatures for the coated tubes. A thermal model to simulate heat transfer to the leading edge of an HPFTP blade was developed and showed that TBCs can significantly dampen the thermal transient which occurs in the HPFTP during the startup of the SSME.


It is stated in the article a concept of the Museum ofHannony and the Golden Section as unique history-nature-scienceart museum, collection of the Nature, Science and Art works based on the Golden Section. 1. The Concept of Harmony and the Golden Section Throughout history people have desired to surround themselves with beautiful things. At some point the question arose: What is the basis of beauty? Ancient Greeks developed the science of aesthetics as a way of analyzing beauty, believing that harmony was its basis. Beauty and truth are interrelated: an artist searches for truth in beauty, and a scientist for beauty in truth. Is it possible to compare the beauty of a sculpture, a temple, a picture, a symphony, poem, or nocturne? If a formula could be found, then the loveliness of a chamomile flower and that of a naked body could be measured and compared. The well-known Italian architect Leone Battista Alberti spoke about harmony as follows: "There is something greater, composed from combination and connection of three things (number, limitation and arrangement), something that lights up all face of beauty. And we called it by Harmony, which is, undoubtedly, the source of some charm and beauty. You see assigning and purpose of Harmony to arrange the parts; generally speaking, different under the nature, by certain perfect ratio so that they met one another creating a beauty ... It encompasses all human life, penetrates through the nature of things. Wherefore everything that is made by Nature, all this is measured by the law of harmony. Also no for the Nature of the greater care, than that everything created by it was perfect. It is impossible to achieve this without Harmony, wherefore without it the greatest consent of the parts is disintegrated." (the quotation is taken from [1], p. 191; English translation was made by A. Stakhov). There are many well-known "formulas of beauty" such as certain geometrical shapes: square, circle, isosceles triangle, and pyramid. One unique mathematical proportion is called the Divine Proportion, Golden Section, Golden Number, or Golden Mean. The Golden Section and its related Fibonacci numbers permeate the history of art. Examples of well known works exhibiting this proportion are the Great Cheops Pyramid of Egypt, the Parthenon in Athens, Greek sculpture, the "Mona Lisa" by 270 Alexey Stakhov and Anna Sluchenkova Leonardo da Vinci, paintings by Rafael, Shishkin, and the modem Russian artist Konstantin Vasiljev, Chopin's etudes, music of Beethoven, Tchaikovsky, and Bartok, and "Modulor" by Corbusier. 2.


Gelatin nanofibers were electrospun from gelatin-formic acid solution.The effect of solution concentration,electrical potential,the distance from spinning tip to collector,inner diameter of metal capillary on the fiber morphology and fiber diameter were discussed.On this basis,gelatin-PVA/lysozyme composite membrane with good mechanical performance was prepared and its control release of lysozyme was investigated.It was found that the solution concentration was strongly correlated with morphology of electrospun fibers,and the resulting solution with a mass concentration in between 7 and 23wt% could be successfully electrospun into nanofibers.When the solution concentration increased,the average fiber diameter increased.The critical voltage to obtain continuous fiber was 12.5kV with a tip-to-collector distance of 10cm.The result of drug release showed Gelatin-PVA composite nano-fiber membrane was useful in controlled lysozyme release.


The theory of compressive sensing (CS) has been employed to detect available spectrum resource in cognitive radio (CR) networks recently. Capitalizing on the spectrum resource underutilization and spatial sparsity of primary user (PU) locations, CS enables the identification of the unused spectrum bands and PU locations at a low sampling rate. Although CS has been studied in the cooperative spectrum sensing mechanism in which CR nodes work collaboratively to accomplish the spectrum sensing and PU localization task, many important issues remain unsettled. Does the designed compressive spectrum sensing mechanism satisfy the Restricted Isometry Property, which guarantees a successful recovery of the original sparse signal? Can the spectrum sensing results help the localization of PUs? What are the characteristics of localization errors? To answer those questions, we try to justify the applicability of the CS theory to the compressive spectrum sensing framework in this paper, and propose a design of PU localization utilizing the spectrum usage information. The localization error is analyzed by the Cramér-Rao lower bound, which can be exploited to improve the localization performance. Detail analysis and simulations are presented to support the claims and demonstrate the e ffi cacy and e ffi ciency of the proposed mechanism.


The fabrication of multilayer microstructures, for example for organic field-effect transistors, using metal transfer printing (MTP) is demonstrated. The Figure shows a two-layer gold structure produced by MTP. Since MTP is a purely additive technique, in which mechanical adhesion acts as the patterning driving force, it is considered an attractive approach to reel-to-reel processing.


A quantitative phytosociological survey was conducted around the industrial areas of Sindh Industrial Trading Estate (S.I.T.E.) of Karachi. The herbaceous, shrubs vegetation was predominantly disturbed in nature. Fifteen plant communities based on Importance Value Index (IVI) of species were recognized. Eighty plant species were recorded in industrial areas. Abutilon fruticosum L., attained the highest importance value index (823.25) followed by Prosopis juliflora DC. (662.62), Corchorus trilocularis L. (467.20), Aerva javanica Burm.f. (419.97), Amaranthus viridis L. (397.65) and Senna holosericea L. (387.22), respectively. P. juliflora and A. fruticosum showed leading first dominant in five and four stands, respectively. Whereas, A. javanica, A. viridis, S. holosericea, Launaea nudicaulis L., Crochorus depressus L. and Salvadora L., attained the presence class III. Zygophyllum simplex L., Suaeda fruticosa L., Convolvulus glomeratus Choisky, Cressa cretica L., Cleome viscosa L., Calotropis procera Willd, Blepharis sindica T. Anderson, Rhynchosia pulverulenta L., Abutilon pakistanicum Jafri & Ali, Chenopodium album L., Capparis decidua Forssk and Digera muricata L. Mart showed the presence of class II. Whereas, rest of 58 species showed presence of class I. The soil characteristics of the polluted industrial area were also analyzed and related with the vegetation of the polluted areas. The Industrial area soil was coarse in texture and ranged from sandy clay loam to sandy loam. The soil was acidic to alkaline in nature. Maximum water holding capacity, bulk density, porosity, CaCO3, pH, organic matter, total organic carbon, chloride, electrical conductivity, total dissolved salt, available sulphur contents, exchangeable sodium and potassium were recorded in wide range. It was concluded that certain edaphic factors due to industrial activities and induction of pollutants were responsible for variation in vegetation composition of the study area.


Particular expressions of upper and lower bounds on the macroscopic elastic moduli of random cell orthorhombic polycrystalline materials are derived and computed for a number of practical crystals. The cell-shape-unspecified bounds, based on minimum energy principles and generalized polarization trial fields, appear close to the bounds for specific spherical cell polycrystals (the differences between the bounds are reduced a half compared to those from our previous bounds using Hashin-Shtrikman polarization trial fields). The results enforce our assessment to use our previous simple bounds for spherical cell polycrystals generally as good simple estimates for the scatter ranges of the elastic moduli of the random polycrystalline materials. Our previous three-point correlation bounds on the elastic shear modulus of -dimensional multicomponent materials (including those for symmetric cell mixtures) become singular in the case of 2D lower bound – the case is also re-examined in this paper.


506 Background: Despite response to systemic therapy, few metastatic urothelial carcinoma (mUC) patients (pts) achieve durable responses. Mutations in the COMPASS-related proteins KMT2D, KMT2C, and KDM6A are found in 66% of UC patients suggesting histone regulation may be an acquired mechanism of tumor viability. We previously found regression of UC in mice when treated with EZH2 inhibitor, tazemetostat. In vivo administration of tazemtostat enhanced the immune response with direct regulation of cytokines and antigen recognition machinery (MHCI and MHCII). We hypothesized that restoration of epigenetic imbalance, combined with immunotherapy, may improve outcomes in mUC pts. Methods: ETCTN 10183 (NCT03854474) is a pilot study evaluating the efficacy of tazemetostat 800 mg BID + pembrolizumab 200 mg every 3 weeks for cisplatin-refractory (Cohort A) or cisplatin/chemo-ineligible advanced UC (Cohort B) pts, with N=12 pts in each cohort. The primary objective is to identify the recommended phase two dose (RP2D) of tazemetostat in combination with pembrolizumab. Secondary objectives include RECIST-based response rate, safety, and progression-free survival. The maximum planned treatment duration is 2 years. Translational objectives include defining total and COMPASS-related genes tumor mutational burden, tumor subtyping, TCR clonality, T cell infiltration, and PDL-1 expression. Results: In the safety lead-in phase, 6 mUC pts were treated. There were no dose-limiting toxicities (DLTs). The RP2D for tazemetostat was established at 800 mg BID. Here we report results of fully accrued cohort A (N=12); 67% males, 33% females, 83% white, 8.3% Black, and 25% Hispanic/Latino ethnicity. The primary sites of UC were: bladder (n=9, 75%), renal pelvis (n=2, 17%), and ureter (n=1, 8.3%). The median (interquartile range, IQR) time since primary diagnosis was 1.1 years (0.7, 1.9); 11/12 patients had non-nodal metastatic disease; 10/12 had 1 or more visceral/bone metastasis. Median number of treatment cycles was 5 (IQR: 3-11; range 1-35). Median duration on protocol treatment was 12 weeks (IQR: 7-30; range 3-107 weeks). Three pts had treatment related grade 3/4 AEs: grade 4 sepsis (n=1), grade 3 lymphopenia (n=2); anemia, increased alkaline-phosphatase, and HSV oral infection (n=1 each). Best response was partial response (PR) in 3 pts (25%) and 3 (25%) had stable disease. Median PFS was 3.1 months (95%CI: 2.3-NA), and median overall survival was 8.0 months (95% CI: 4.7 – NA). Conclusions: The RP2D dose for tazemetostat is 800 mg + 200 mg Pembrolizumab q 3 weeks. The combination was feasible, well tolerated, and resulted in durable responses in poor-risk chemo-refractory UC patients. Clinical trial information: 03854474 .


Objective To assess the correlation between the metal artifact degrees with the tube voltage(in peak kilovolts,kV) and tube current(in milliamperes,mA) in multidetector computed tomography(MDCT),so as to search for proper strategies to reduce metal artifact and the radiation dose.Methods Four lumbar pedicle screws were implanted in the human L4,L5 specimens to establish the pedicle screw fixation model,and the models were hung on the appropriative water mode to assess the artifacts with silk thread.Different scanning parameters(Hnly tube tension,tube current) were used for scanning.The lengths of the artifacts emanating from the anterior tips of the screw were used to evaluate the degree of artifact.Results The tube current change did not significantly affect the metal artifacts(P0.05),but the tube voltage had significant impact on the metal artifacts;the degree of artifacts decreased remarkably with the increase of the tube voltage(100-140 kV,P0.05).Radiation dose rose with tube current and tube voltage increase.Conclusion Simultaneous reduction of the artifact and radiation dose can be achieved with high tube voltages(usually 140 kV) and tube currents should be lower than the generally used values of 250-270 mA.


Consider the problem ∆ 2 u = c0K(x)u pe , u > 0 in Ω, u = ∆u = 0 on ∂Ω, where Ω is a smooth bounded domain in R N (N ≥ 5), c0 = (N −4)(N −2)N (N +2), p = (N +4)/(N −4), pe = p − e and K is a smooth positive function on Ω. Under some assumptions on the coefficient function K, which include the nondegeneracy of its unique maximum point as a critical point of HessK, we prove that least energy solutions of the problem are nondegenerate for e > 0 small.


The study of Mortality is an essential component for demographic studies and public health administration. When comparing the CDRs between any two situations, it is important to understand the contribution of various factors towards the difference in CDR; this can be done through the method of decomposition. The present study examine the decomposition of difference between CDR of India and some of its selected states from various zones of India for the period 1971 and 2011 for both sexes. We use Kitawaga (1955) decomposition method which gives an additive contribution of age compositional difference and age specific mortality rates. It has been found that Andhra Pradesh has the highest decline of CDR (4.81 points) for males which is due to the highest contribution of age specific mortality rate whereas Haryana for females (27.74 points) which is due to the contribution of both age specific mortality rates and age compositional difference. The outcome of the study at national and state level of India was rather meaningful as we observed the improvement of females' mortality rates over males.


For proper use of a new or a long time period operated boiler equipment, it is necessary to evaluate the effectiveness of its work, which is characterized by a coefficient of efficiency (efficiency). Its calculation requires greater accuracy as even tenths of its value can influence the decision on an application of one or the other boiler equipment kind or on a choice of the equipment producer. All the efficiency components can be determined experimentally (according to parameter chart of boiler equipment in operation) by means of modern instrument base, the exeption is the value of the heat losses from heated boiler surfaces into the environment or from the external cooling boiler surface. In the literature there are no information and recommendations on the choice of methods for this value determining. And for the small-capacity boiler equipment there are no even indicative figures. To solve this problem, it is necessary to study all the factors that affect the desired value, as well as methods for determining it. The results of experimental studies of the operation of the small-capacity boiler equipment allow us to identify the relationship between the amount of heat loss from the heated boiler surfaces to the environment, the thermal power value and the equipment surface area. Based on the obtained results, graphical and analytical dependencies are developed to determine the heat loss from the heated boiler surfaces to the environment.


Empirical studies are presented in which different learning methods are used to overcome transfer problems in the domain of economics. In a computer-based learning environment (a simulation of a company) multiple learning contexts were realised. Additionally, the learners were provided with a problem solving instruction. In a learning environment based on worked-out examples multiple examples as well as an instruction for example elaboration were employed. The instructional means were varied experimentally. In both of the learning methods, multiple learning condi-tions combined with the respective supporting means proved to be very effective in fostering transfer performance. However, without additional support, learners were overtaxed by multiple learning conditions. Transfer performance was comparatively low. In order to optimize the two learning methods we suggest to combine learning by problem-solving and learning with worked-out examples. Moreover, learners should be provided with additional supporting means, that is expert comments respectively "instruc-tional elaborations".


Confucius is a great thinker, politician, educator, and founder of Confucianism. His educational thought and educational practice have positive and far-reaching impact on the education of his time and later generations, which also provide a treasure house for English teaching and learning. This paper is dedicated to exploring the connotations of Confucius' educational thought and its implications for English teaching in order to better serve the teaching practice. We mainly discuss from the following four aspects: Reform of English teaching and change of teachers' role; combination of learning and thinking and unity of knowing and doing; always place moral education in a prominent place; pay attention to all-round development. After the analysis, we can safely draw the conclusion that many of Confucious' educational theories are applicable in English class and we should make good use of them to achieve better results in English teaching and learning. Keywords—Confucius; educational thought; enlightenment; learning and thinking; knowing and doing


Coal fly ash (CFA) is a type of solid waste produced in the process of coal combustion, which is rich in silicon oxide, aluminum oxide and a small number of heavy metals and radioactive elements. Therefore, CFA is considered a secondary resource with high recovery value. Currently, CFA is mainly reused in the fields of building materials, mine backfilling, soil conditioners and fertilizers, among which the production of building materials is one of the most important ways to realize large-scale utilization of CFA. This paper introduces the physical and chemical properties, classification and environmental impact of CFA and summarizes the utilization status of CFA in building materials such as cement, concrete, ceramics and geopolymers, as well as the management policy of CFA. In addition, the existing problems in the utilization of CFA as a building material are analyzed, and their development prospects are discussed.


The present invention, end material (端 材) and dancheok (短 尺) for when performing processing of the rod material (棒材), without increasing the processing cost, rod material supply of the numerical control CNC lathe of a suitable simple structure in the part of the sewing device such It provides. Is provided on the stocker 12, the main shaft for the gas (基 體) 10, a base 10 is mounted to 220, for supplying the rod material w on the axis C of the main shaft (主軸) (230), the axis C on the back and forth movable at the same time, the stocker pressing rod 15 presses the rod material w fed from 12 is provided on the substrate 10, and the pressing rod guide 11 for guiding the forward and backward movement of the pressure rod (15) , disposed on either side of the axis C on the substrate 10, the pressure rod has a plurality of rollers, one of the plurality of rollers, a drive roller that is rotated by the driving body installed in the base body to the nip (15) on the axis C 135, and the driving at least one of the other rollers than the rollers 135, is configured as a driven roller 132, which rotates without sliding and the pressure rod (15), for detecting the rotation of the driven roller 132 and a rotation detection means (133). Automatic numerical control lathe, rod material supply, the headstock, a plurality of rollers


Objective: Through the way of portal hypertension and hypersplenism splenectomy during the drug-induced liver cancer in rats,in order to investigate portal hypertension and hypersplenism on the incidence of liver cancer in rats.Methods: Male and female SD rats were divided into control group within gender,hypersplenism group,hypersplenism splenectomy group,hypersplenism in rats using portal vein narrowing of the splenic vein ligation surgery for joint preparation,each group is given DEN(diethylnitrosamine) by intraperitoneal injection,dosage is 20mg/kg,three times a week,stop the drug in 12 weeks,kill all the rats in 14 weeks.Among them,splenectomy is in the forth week of drug treatment of hypersplenism splenectomized group,drug is given during the surgery recovery.Observed in each group of the size of the liver and pathological changes of the liver in general,calculate the rate of tumor.Results: The actual rate of tumor shows hypersplenism group was significantly higher than the control group,while the tumor rate of males hypersplenism splenectomy group is lower than the hypersplenism group.Female hypersplenism splenectomy group composed of tumor rates with hypersplenism was not significantly different.Conclusion: Portal hypertension and hypersplenism state with splenectomy can reduce the risk of liver cancer in the male group,but the female group is not very meaningful,provides a new way of thinking to clinical practice.


The BRAF proto‐oncogene is mutated in a subset of human tumors, including colorectal cancer. A splicing variant lacking exons 14 and 15 (BRAF del E14/15) has been described recently. However, the frequency of the variant, the kinase activity of the protein isoform, its biological function, and which allele it is derived from remains unknown. BRAF mRNA from colorectal cancer cell lines and colonic epithelium was reversely transcribed, subcloned, and screened for alternative splicing. New transcript variants and allelic origin of alternatively spliced transcripts were analyzed by DNA sequencing. Kinase activity of the B‐Raf isoforms was determined by Western blotting after transfections with expression constructs of the different BRAF variants. Four additional BRAF transcript variants resulting in C‐terminal truncation of the gene product were found. Alternative splicing was found at frequencies from 4.7 to 16.7% in normal and neoplastic colorectal cells. Alternative transcripts were shown to be derived from both wild‐type and V600E alleles. All nonconsensus B‐Raf protein variants were found to be kinase‐dead and failed to coactivate full‐length B‐Raf. In conclusion, we present a highly sensitive method for the detection of aberrantly spliced transcripts. Alternative splicing of exons 14, 15, 15b, 16b and 16c occurs in a considerable fraction of BRAF mRNA in normal colon and colorectal cancer cells and is independent of the V600E mutational status of the parental allele. Splicing of nonfunctional transcripts affects overall cellular B‐Raf activity and might represent a mechanism to decrease sensitivity to growth signals.


We read with great interest the paper by Bennett et al. published in Expert Opinion on Drug Safety [1] and appreciated the authors' attempt to provide a comprehensive overview of the adverse events...


Two recent pieces of analysis predicted certain limiting behaviours of Langevin equations. This thesis concerns the numerical investigation of the range of validity of these two analyses. In the low-friction limit it has been suggested that quasi-symplectic integrators could be appropriate to handle long time integration. Based on two examples, it is concluded that quasi-symplectic time-stepper are slightly more ecient than standard schemes. In the opposite context of high friction, the long time integration problem can be addressed by approximating the second order Langevin equation by a rst order Smoluchowski equation, and recent research has provided an analytic error estimator for this approximation. The numerical examples studied here verify the accuracy of this error estimator.


Two separate statistically designed experiments were performed in order to determine the long-term degradation of solder joints in two space-qualified board technologies: wire-wrap and stitch-weld boards. In the first experiment, extensive temperature cycling (1024 cycles) at a temperature change rate of 20 degrees C/min showed that the solder contacts between the pins and board planes are more reliable on stitch-weld boards than on wire-wrap boards. In the second experiment, the effects of changing the environmental stress-screening (ESS) parameters pertinent to temperature cycling (i.e. the temperature range, the rate of temperature change, and the number of temperature cycles) were studied using the degradation of contact resistance in soldered and unsoldered connections in stitch-weld boards. The results showed that (1) soldered joints are more reliable than pins that are press-fitted into plated-through holes, (2) a wide range of temperature change or a high rate of temperature change degrades soldered or press-fit joints in stitch-weld boards, and (3) there are no differences of engineering significance due to the effect of the position of the solder joint relative to the head or collar of the stitch-weld pin. It is also shown that the effect of the rate of temperature change in ESS decreases while the effect of temperature range increases as the number of temperature cycles increases. In this experiment, the effects of temperature range began to dominate the effects of rate of temperature change after approximately 100 cycles.<<ETX>>


CHROMOSOMAL PROTEINS IN ACTIVATION OF TRANSCRIPTION by Benjamin Michael Shykind Submitted to the department of Biology in partial fulfillment for the degree Doctor of Philosophy Transcription by RNA polymerase II requires multiple auxiliary factors for accurate initiation. The positive modulation of this reaction requires a further set of factors, collectively called coactivators, that are not required for the unregulated or basal initiation of transcription. Coactivators can be divided into two groups: TATA binding protein (TBP) associated, and soluble. Both groups appear to be required for activated levels of transcription. The exact mechanism by which activators, in collaboration with coactivators, enhance the basal reaction remains unknown. This thesis presents experiments designed to advance the understanding of this fundamentally important biological process. Using an in vitro transcription system unresponsive to activators as a functional assay, an activity was identified that potentiated activation. This coactivator was purified to homogeneity by standard biochemical means and identified by amino acid sequencing as the non-histone chromosomal protein HMG-2. Subsequently, the highly related HMG1 protein, and the 80 amino acid HMG box B were demonstrated to by coactivators. These proteins have DNA binding and bending activity and have been included in a group of protein known as "architectural factors" for their ability to impart structure to DNA. Coactivation with HMG-proteins was shown to require the factor TFIIA and the TFIID-TFIIA stage of initiation was the first step in transcription altered in the activation process. The inability to detect a quantitative change at this critical step led to the proposal that a qualitative change takes place during this stage of activation that facilitates transcription. Another chromosomal protein that coactivates stimulation, DNA topoisomerase I, was examined in vitro. This coactivator also functioned at the TFIID-TFIIA stage of activation as determined by order-of-addition transcription. The activation event was associated by a dramatic enhancement in the formation of the TFIID-TFIIA complex as demonstrated by electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA). This enhancement of complex formation required the concomitant participation of TFIID, TFIIA, activator and topoisomerase I, exactly analogous to the conditions required for maximal activation. DNase I footprinting confirmed the EMSA analysis. The effect of enhanced complex formation on the activation process is likely both quantitative and qualitative. Thesis Supervisor: Phillip A. Sharp Title: Professor of Biology


The article is devoted to modeling the features of unemployment regulation on state and regional level, considering the main factors and trends of unemployment on the labor market of Ukraine. Research methods are used in the work: labor market research methods (on the stage of selection of factors) reflecting regional and national specifics, correlation and regression analysis (on the stage of numerical assessment of the influence of factors, quality control and model adequacy and forecasting). Specific features of the structure of unemployment are based on the developed models of unemployment are determined depending on the national and regional levels. The consequence is the need to introduce changes in state regulation, as well as the establishment of bilateral ties between the national and regional levels. The forecast value is obtained. The need for an effective solution of practical issues of employment and unemployment regulation at the regional level is substantiated, due to the uneven development of individual territories.


This paper compares property taxation to a corporate income tax based on formula apportionment in a model where identical countries compete to attract capital. We find that if countries can pair a residence-based capital tax with a property tax (source tax on capital) the tax equilibrium is efficient. In contrast, the use of a 2-factor FA scheme based on sales and capital combined with a residence-based capital tax leads to an inefficient outcome. Copyright 2003 Blackwell Publishing Inc..


More than 50 years since the first introduction of metered dose inhaler (MDI) by Riker laboratories 1956. The major development in MDI manufacturing was the transformation from chloroflouro carbon (CFC) to hydroflouro alkane (HFA) which required a new engineering design to the MDI components and reformulation of existing MDI to fit the new propellant. Evolution of MDI formulation was challenging due to the low solubility profile of most excipients in HFA propellants and the limitation of generally recognized as safe (GRAS) excipients that could be delivered to the lung. The main purpose of this study was to develop a new salbutamol sulfate (SS) MDI using PEG400(1%) w/w as suitable alternative co-solvents to ethanol (10%)w/w. PVP-k30(0.001-0.0001%) w/w and Brij72(0.001-0.005-0.01%) were used separately as suggested stabilizer. In silico molecular dynamic (MD) simulation was carried out to investigate the compatibility of new excipients with SS and PEG400 before adding the HFA134a. Differential scanning calorimeter(DSC) was also run to evaluate the compatibility between formulations components that passed the visual observation test. Content per actuation was also used to estimate the developing formulation at accelerated stability conditions (40°C/75%RH).(N=10). MD simulation results demonstrated the compatibility of PVP-k30(0.0001%) w/w with other formulation's components before adding HFA134a propellant(small or negative value for and ). MD simulation results were also confirmed by DSC thermograms which indicate the compatibility between PVP-k30 based formulation due to a small change in endothermic maximum melting point compared with Brij 72 based formulation.Content per actuation of PVP-k30(0.0001%)w/w based formulation passed the accelerated stability test and there is a significant effect of stabilizer type and concentration on the emitted dose (p-value >0.05). This work confirms that MD simulations could save time and reduce the cost of experiments during the early stage of reformulation process of MDI.


The aim of the present study is twofold, firstly to investigate whether adolescents reach the linguistic level corresponding to their age and secondly to compare their syntactic abilities in written narrative and non narrative texts. Syntactic development in adolescence refers to the development of syntax under normal circumstances during the period of adolescence, namely between the age of eleven or twelve and early adulthood. During this period, adolescents in secondary schools learn to produce narrative and non narrative texts. Narrative texts are those that reflect specific, mostly past experiences and put an emphasis on humans' actions and experiences. On the other hand, non narrative texts focus on a broad field of description or on the development of concepts, beliefs, arguments and information without relying on narration, things which make them more demanding than the narrative type of texts. Given the above, we carried out a large-scale survey in order to investigate the syntactic abilities of Greek adolescents. In particular, 2 groups of 300 adolescents (14.5 and 16.6 mean years of age respectively) were asked to produce two texts, one narrative and one not narrative on a current topic. Our results showed that older adolescents exhibited better syntactic abilities compared to early ones. However, an unexpected high performance in non narrative texts was produced by early adolescents. This finding shows that the production of complex texts may be related to unexpected language performance.


Abstract A new upper bound is obtained for the incomplete hyper-Kloosterman sum by means of Burgess' estimate, provided the number of variables in the sum is sufficiently large.


The Taurus Mountains in the Mediterranean Coastal Basin, considered a biodiversity hotspot, have a rich biodiversity in the Western Palearctic. The number of marble quarries in the Taurus Mountains has dramatically expanded over the past ten years. The objectives of this study are to (i) determine the impacts of quarrying on wildlife; (ii) determine the potential impacts of quarrying on the future of Taurus. A total of 57547 photos and video images were analyzed on 5447 photo-trap days in two areas, the marble quarries and the control areas. Using 97 randomly selected marble quarries, the area they cover and their annual growth rates were determined. The most commonly seen animals were the wolf, fox, lynx, and wild boar in the control area, and the jackal and hare in the marble quarries (p < 0.001). Additionally, we found a significant positive correlation between the distance of the geographical center of the marble quarries and the number of dates of Wolf, Fox and Wild Boar and a negative significant correlation for hare (p < 0.05). A positive correlation was found between the area of marble quarries and the duration of operation (R = 0.89, p < 0.00). The waste from quarries, which makes up 79.7% of the total land used for this purpose, is the greatest cause of habitat degradation. According to calculations, even if no new marble quarries are built as of right now, 7.14% of the Taurus may have disappeared by the year 2027, and by the year 2032, 8.25% of the Taurus ecosystems may have disappeared completely. The Taurus Mountains, a center of Western Palearctic biodiversity, are being threatened by the marble quarries. This study advances our knowledge of how marble quarries may affect wildlife. New strategies must be developed as soon as possible to protect the Taurus Mountains, the hotspot of the Mediterranean basin. Summary Text for Online Table of Contents We conducted a one-year photo trap study on the effects of marble quarries on wildlife in the Taurus Mountains, a significant biodiversity hotspot. Our research showed that wild animals prefer areas without marble quarries, and their density rises as they get farther from the quarry's core. Photograph by Tamer Yılmaz


During the process of rapid urban rail transit system construction,too much underground excavation may affect groundwater environment.Therefore,it also generates lots of public focus.According to the monitoring quality data from 9 sampling points nearby subway station or alone the designed route,taking Xi'an orbit transportation construction programming(2012~2018) for example,the author analyzed the current situation of the groundwater quality,discussed the possible impact on ground water quality after the project has been completed,and put forward some related protective measures and reasonable suggestions.


Differences in mufassir backgrounds have an impact on variations in the patterns of sufi interpretation, philosophy, kalam, language and jurisprudence. Al-Asâs Fîr Tafsîr by Ḥ awwâ is considered one of the sufism-style interpretations. The claim is based on his devotion to the sufi practice during life which is directly stated in his interpretation of an interpretation. This article aims to explore the thought of Sa'îd Ḥ awwâ regarding the theory and practice of Tazkiyat al-Nafs in al-Asâs Fî Tafsîr . This research employs qualitative methods with analysis of text interpretation related to tazkiyatun nafs . The results of this study reveals that the interpretation of the qur'anic text of Sa'îd Ḥ awwâ is based on theological tendencies and praxis of his life, this article also proves that the tazkiyah methodology in Sa'îd thought can still be applied for modern society to balance the fatigue of the soul with its various practices.


The low-angle structure factors of liquid Ar, Ne and Na are calculated away from their triple points. Semiquantitative agreement with experiment is obtained by the mean-density approximation.


This year's Russian-Soviet listing is unusually low in number. This could be attributed possibly to an unexpectedly slow response from American universities this June and July and to a continuing decrease in the output of dissertations in the area of Russian/Soviet studies. Some substantiation for the latter can be found in the marked drop in language studies as well as a decline in history, which could indicate a drop in enrollment in these departments. Next year's listing should provide a more conclusive answer to the question whether the number of dissertations is decreasing. Of the one hundred and forty-four titles in this year's Russian/Soviet list, one is from 1981, eight are from 1982, eighty-two from 1983 and fifty-three from 1984. Two additional titles are from universities in Berlin and South Africa. Attention should be called once again to the fact that the numbers for this year are not complete for several reasons: the deadline is earlier; many universities are no longer compiling master lists; responses to the compiler's requests are often re ceived after the deadline date; degrees are also granted by most universities past the usual spring commencement, with some as late as December; and the appearance of American Doctoral Dissertations was late (by as much as a year and a half). Additional items culled from these sources will, therefore, appear in the Winter 1985 issue of the Slavic Review. Fifty-nine universities are represented in the current list (fifty-five in the United States and four in Canada). The listing for Eastern Europe is also lower than last year's, fifty-eight titles from thirty-two American and two Canadian universities. The British list, also shorter this year, contains thirty-seven titles from fifteen universities. For a list of dissertations accepted through 1959, see Jesse J. Dossick, Doctoral Research on Russia and the Soviet Union (New York, 1960). An accompanying volume 2, Doctoral Research on Russia and the Union, 1960-1975 (New York: Garland Publishing, 1976) is also now available.


The frightened mother of a vigorous, healthy 14-day-old girl brings her daughter to you for an urgent consultation regarding a facial rash that has blossomed since a few subtle spots were noted at birth. What's your diagnosis?


A new chiral hydrogen-bonded organic framework (HOF) denoted as ZIOC-1 based on a l-prolineamide substituted diarylacetylene dicarboxylic acid (3,3′-ethyne-1,2-diylbis[6-(l-prolylamino)benzoic acid...


An analysis was made to determine the length of time until spalling (induced by reinforcing steel corrosion) occurs and the relative cost for different conventional concrete bridge deck designs. Research results of others provided the data from which the time to corrosion was estimated. Three factors were considered: (a) frequency and rate of deicing salt application, (b) water-cement ratio of concrete, and (c) depth of concrete cover over reinforcing. The latter two were variables in deck design and construction. Decks with two combinations of water-cement ratio and clear cover each for two bridges were designed. From these, cost differences for labor and materials were determined. It was concluded that in Kansas conventional decks can be protected from spalling for a 50-year period. Also, life can be tipled for only a 2 percent cost increase by switching from decks with a 5-cm (2-in.) cover and a water-cement ratio of 0.44 to decks with a 7.5-cm (3-in.) cover and a water-cement ratio of 0.35. /Author/


In the modern world with increase in speed and fast moving vechicles, there has been a continous upsurge in the number as well as the severity of high energy fractures. Implants like Lc-Dcp and more recently the locking compression plate helps to achieve satisfactory results in these cases. The present study was conducted to evaluate the results of Locking Compression Plate in 50 cases of long bone fractures(25 femur , 15 tibia, 10 humerus fractures) admitted at GMC, Rajindra Hospital, Patiala. The age group of patients in the study varied between 18 – 70 years. The fractures were 60 % closed and 40 % open in nature. Patients were evaluated and locking compression plate was done under general,spinal,epidural anesthesia. The patients were evaluated periodically both clinically and radiologically. 72 % of our cases achieved excellent to good results.


Purpose: To better understand the image acquisition operation of an EPID and to evaluate the dosimeter properties in treatments with enhanced dynamic wedges.Method and Materials: The Work presented rests on the study of the Varian EPID: aS500‐II and the Image Acquisition system IAS3. We are interested in integrated image acquisition mode not synchronized to the accelerator beam pulses. We investigated the influence of the Frame Cycle Time "FCT" parameter on the gray level, the speed of acquisition and the noise in the image, according to the energy of the X‐ray beams (6 and 15 MV) and the Clinac 2100 C/D dose rate. We also studied the performances, stability and the reproducibility of the EPID aS500‐II in measurements of the wedge factors of the fields with enhanced dynamic wedges.Results: In this mode, only one parameter the "FCT" influences the pixel value. The pixel value is directly proportional to this parameter. When the FCT ⩾ 55ms, the speed of acquisition is inversely proportional to this parameter. The noise lies between 0.2% and 0.5%. We determined a rule to avoid saturation. EPID measurements were found to exhibit a dependence on the wedge direction and EPID position. An empirical correction function was developed to correct the wedge profiles. Due the reproducibility of the EPID measured EDW factors the device is highly suited in this mode of acquisition to regular measurement of EDW. Conclusion: The choice of the acquisition parameters is essential for the complete detection of radiations and especially to use this detector as a dosimeter.


Since before the British rule, the issues and problems of urban transformation growth have continued until today, especially in rural areas and small towns. Rural communities also have undergone significant transformations in recent decades. There are positive and negative impacts on adaptation the growth of regional development that impact significantly on the rural community, which needs to be addressed to overcome the adverse effects on those that involved. This also included the changes in a case study of rural areas that have been chosen, which is located in sub-district that categorize under rural areas at Johor Bahru due to Iskandar Malaysia region expansions. Furthermore, the developmental transformation has mainly affected the changes in the socio-economic well-being of rural communities. Therefore, the purpose of this paper is to provide an overview of studies on a factor of socio-economic well-being development in rural areas for creating a framework to measure the impact of regional development on the socio-economic well-being of the rural.


Crude oil cost plays very important role in the country's economic growth. It is  having close impact on economical stability of nation. Because of these reasons it is very important to have accurate oil forecasting system. Due to impact of different factors oil cost data is highly nonlinear and in fluctuated manner. Performing prediction on those data using data driven approaches is very complex task which require lots of preprocessing of data. Working on such a non-stationary data is very difficult. This research proposes recurrent neural network (RNN) based approaches such as simple RNN, deep RNN and RNN with LSTM. To compare performance of RNN variants this research has also implemented Naive forecast and Sequential ANN methods. Performance of all these models are evaluated based on root mean square error(RMSE), mean absolute error(MAE) and mean absolute percentage error(MAPE). The experimental result shows that RNN with LSTM is more accurate compare to all other models. Accuracy of LSTM is more than 96% for the dataset of U.S. Energy Information administration from March 1983 to June 2022. On the basis of experimental result, we come to the conclusion that RNN with LSTM is best suitable for time series data which is highly nonlinear.


Infl uence of mechanical damage on the condition of trees. The aim of this work is to determine critical values (levels) at which mechanically damaged trees die in shorter or longer time. It is also the authors' intention to determine the extent and type of damage which makes the tree lose a given part of its value. In order to do so, a number of methods most commonly used (in Poland and abroad) to determine the infl uence of mechanical damage on trees were compared. The damage might be infl icted on different parts of the tree: root system, trunk or head. The marking of tree condition differs depending on the place where the damage was infl icted. The reaction of a tree to damage may be immediate or postponed even for many years, which depends on many factors, mainly tree species, time of damage and the tree's


Kuang Zhouyi luxuriated in Ci for more than fifty years and was in Ci and Ci theories.He has more than 2 general collections and another 11 collections of some of his Ci besides Huifeng Ci(《蕙风词》).But they are paid little attention to by academic circles for his Ci theories have outachieved his Ci.As a matter of fact,the preface of his Ci collections and Ci contain plentiful Ci theories besides Huifeng Cihua(《蕙风词话》).His other documents on the study of Ci also have great academic value:thus enriching his theories on the study of Ci and enlarging his research field of Ci.Furthermore,it does have significant documentary value.


The house is a basic human need, therefore, the state must guarantee the fulfillment of the house, especially the urban poor. It has dimanatkan also in the Constitution 45 Article 28 H, and strengthened in Law No. 1 of 2011 on housing and settlement area as well as Law No. 20 of 2011 on the Flats. The method used in this research is empirical juridical, with the analysis of legislation related to legal theories as well as constraints-constraints faced. The study found that 1) the implementation of the balanced residential housing development to meet the needs of the common home for the MBR, it still has not done the maximum; and 2) The need for an increase in the underlying policy formulation balanced residential development with strategic, effective and implementable.


The paper first analyzes the economic essential of impairment of assets,it's theoretical jumping-off point and principles of recognition and measurement are then discussed.Finally,the paper put forward image on improvement accounting information reliability of impairment of assets.


Reinterpretation of literary classics is not only conducive to understanding the relationship between literature and ethics,but also provides an effective way for further interpretation of the theme from the view of the Ethical Literary Criticism.The main ethical line of revenge for father in the context creates the ethical situation.Through the Hamlet ethical identity conversion,this paper analyzes the ethical trait of the drama.


This article aims at analyzing the similar viewpoints between the Austrian approaches of institutions and what we call today (new)institutional economics. We assume the hypothesis that when it comes to the emergence and evolution of institutions, the Austrian School has inspired, explicitly or not, the recent contributions in this area. We focus mostly on the contributions of Carl Menger and Friedrich von Hayek, considered to have achieved the most advanced level in the evolutionary perspective of the Austrian tradition.


Based on TAPI technique, a mini-interactive voice response (IVR) is designed. The TAPI is introduced in brief, and a basic structure and working procedures of IVR system are introduced. The conditions for application and potential of development of IVR are analyzed.


"Thank you for the experience of a lifetime," wrote one parent in a survey about the STEM Curiosity Academy. What could make a parent so excited about a library program? A research-based, play-filled program for children entering kindergarten, STEM Curiosity Academy offers children an experience they cannot get at home, and your library can create it, too.


In the Graduation Thesis we have analyzed past and contemporary Legislation regarding recording of real property, in particular in the field of judicial clarification of boundary. Based on data provided by SMA regional office Novo mesto we have analyzed the frequency of treatments with an appeal on judicial proceedings. We have found out, that a share of judicial proceedings of arranging land boundaries has been reduced in recent years. Further on we have checked and verified that the frequency of recording of judicaly determined boundaries in the land cadastre based, is affected by the distance of parcel from the closest towns and that the frequency is dependent on land use pattern.