https://www.journal-imab-bg.org J of IMAB. 2017 Apr-Jun;23(2) ABSTRACT Background: Seeking and receiving psychological help after a stressful life event is associated with certain prejudice attitudes, especially present in minority ethnic groups. Case description: This case report describes the specific reactions and psychopathological dynamics of a female patient, the age of 43, who survived the terrible accident on December the 10th 2016, in Hitrino village. Discussion: Due to stigmatising beliefs, patient reluctantly had only a few meeting with a clinical psychologist, refused proper psychiatric treatment, and developed an acute stress reaction in the first few days after the accident, followed by post-traumatic stress disorder the next few weeks, as described chronologically in the ICD-10. Conclusion: Stigmatising beliefs are further amplified by ethnic minorities' prejudice of seeking mental health and having a mental illness, which affects professionals' ability to provide comprehensive medical care.


In intelligent traffic light control, matrices derived from real-time traffic data are paramount for efficiency and performance. The rewards and state representations in previous studies could mislead a Reinforcement Learning agent in some cases. This paper examines the effectiveness of considering the Standard Deviation of vehicle's Waiting Time (SDWT) on Deep Reinforcement Learning based traffic congestion control with emergency facilitation. The proposed method was self-evaluated by only considering average waiting time under both synthetic and Toronto real-world dataset. It has demonstrated that the proposed method was able to gain a significant impact on performance by considering the SDWT. Moreover, the proposed method was able to reach zero waiting time for emergency vehicles.


With the continuous improvement of productivity, people's living standards have continued to rise, but the problem of income disparity has become increasingly serious. This article focuses on the income disparities in China's industry and study the impact of digital financial inclusion on the it. The income disparities between employees in 29 provinces in the China Statistical Yearbook was used for analysis, and the parameters were estimated by benchmark regression analysis. Based on the results of the study, it was found that digital financial inclusion had a large impact on the five decentralized industries selected. In view of these results, this paper analyzes the reasons and draws the reasons why digital finance has contributed to the reduction of the income gap in the industry.


The incidence of lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) within 3 months of the entire stroke is reported as 53%, and according to the symptoms, nocturia is most frequent (36%), followed by urge incontinence (29%), but urinary retention was only 29% in the acute phase. Furthermore, when the same patient was followed up for 4 to 48 months, LUTS decreased from 53% to 46%, and all cases of urinary retention became possible to urinate. In addition, rehabilitation has been reported to reduce urination disorders, and ADL levels are greatly involved in performing normal urination actions. In this study, we examined the relationship between ADL and LUTS and changes using routine clinical cases.


A group of young patients with the manifestations of diabetes mellitus, sexual infantilism and varying degrees of dwarfism has been observed. These patients not only present a definite syndrome but are of interest in view of the recent advances which have been made in the knowledge of the anterior lobe of the pituitary gland. They demonstrate the occurrence of diabetes mellitus in association with hypofunction of the anterior lobe of the hypophysis in spite of the improbability of such a combination as indicated by experimentation with animals. As the result of pituitary dysfunction, as evidenced by dwarfism or at least by delayed adolescence, diabetic symptoms if present should be mild. In all eight cases the condition has been severe. The functions of the anterior lobe of the pituitary gland have been summarized by Evans,1who ascribed to it growth, gonadotropic, lactogenic, thyrotropic and adrenotropic hormones; in addition to a


Quality is a fundamental concept in software and information system development, but it is also a complex and elusive concept. A large number of quality models have been developed for understanding, measuring and predicting qualities of software and information systems. The rapid expansion of the application areas of computer technology in recent years with the growth of the Internet and WWW has imposed great challenges to the existing theories and techniques of quality management in the development of information systems. It has been recognised that quality models should be constructed in accordance to the specific features of the application domain. This paper proposes a systematic method for constructing quality models of information systems. A diagrammatic notation is devised to represent quality models that enclose application specific features. Techniques of hazard analysis for the development and deployment of safety related systems are adapted for deriving quality models from system architectural designs. The method is illustrated by a part of business-to-business e-commerce information systems.


We investigate numerically a semiconductor nonlinear reaction-diffusion equation modeling the band-trap impact ionization phenomena. The factorization method is used to solve analytically this equation in order to derive some solutions for initial conditions for numerical simulation. As results, although the fact that electrons and holes shall recombine, we observe that they behave like anti-kink solitons propagating joined together without any destruction. Such behavior could stem from a local delicate balance between the generation and the recombination phenomena while the solitary waves are moving. Such carriers' behavior could lead to the introduction of many new semiconductor electronic devices that can be helpful in lossless signal transport, non-dissipative carriers transport in solar cells, and so on.


We introduce and study elementary properties of graph homology of algebras. This new homology theory shares many features of cyclic and Hochschild homology. We also define a graph K-theory together with an analog of Chern character.


The purport on determination of multi-form N(NH_4~+-N、NO~-_3-N、CON-N)in fertilizer was reviewed, and the determination methods of multi-form N in fertilizer were introduced.


In order to increase the beam intensity on the target it is mandatory to better understand the plasma generation, the beam extraction and the beam transport. It is well known that the plasma properties and the beam creation are modified by the microwave frequency and power. In this report we investigated how the ions beam generation in an ECR ion source is affected by the electromagnetic field excited inside the plasma chamber. For this purpose simulations and related experiments have been performed with the CAPRICE ECRIS [1].The injection flange of the ion source consists of a copper matching box where the WR62 waveguide line connects the Klystron generator and the source. The electromagnetic wave is transmitted into the plasma chamber through a coaxial line. In order to realize an impedance matching inside the copper box a movable plunger is present. This structure modification determines a volume change which affects the electromagnetic field inside the matching cube and inside the plasma chamber. This effect has been simulated with CST Microwave Studio [2]. A horizontal cut view of the matching box and of the plasma chamber together with the electric field excited inside is shown in figure 1. The hole and the shape of the plasma electrode have not been taken into account and a closed cylindrical plasma chamber filled with a medium with electric permittivity !r (!r=1) has been considered in the simulation. In the upper figure the plunger of 46 mm diameter located in the upper wall is moved 3.5 mm outside of the inner wall, in the middle and in the lower figures it is moved 0.5 mm and 4.5 mm inside, respectively.


Supplemental Digital Content is Available in the Text. Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine whether manipulation of preloaded single-scroll Descemet membrane endothelial keratoplasty (DMEK) grafts within the fluid column of an injector can safely and reliably result in formation of double-scroll DMEK grafts and whether there are differential effects on younger versus older donor tissue. Methods: Pairs of DMEK grafts prepared from older (65–80 years) and younger (48–64 years) donors were preloaded into a Straiko modified Jones tube. One member of the pair was manipulated within the fluid column to form a double-scroll graft, and the other remained unmanipulated. Outcomes measured include success rate for double-scroll formation, endothelial cell loss (ECL), and relative scroll width. Results: Older donor grafts formed double scrolls with a 100% success rate. ECL of older donor manipulated grafts was statistically higher than that of unmanipulated mate grafts (17.4% ± 3.5% vs. 13.0% ± 4.2%, P = 0.03), but was still within the acceptable range for transplant. Younger donor grafts were successfully manipulated into double scrolls with a 67% success rate, and there was no difference in the ECL of manipulated and unmanipulated grafts (15.5% ± 4.4% vs. 13.0% ± 4.5%, P = 0.24). For all grafts and conformations, there was a significant relationship between relative scroll width and ECL (P < 0.01). Conclusions: Fluid column manipulation can be used reliably to form double-scroll DMEK grafts. For younger donor grafts, manipulation yields a double scroll without increasing ECL. For older donor grafts, manipulation results in a minimal, acceptable increase in ECL. Surgeons should weigh the advantage of an easily opened graft against the risk of increased ECL when considering this technique.


Former printer Stephen Ball realised a lifetime's ambition this week, when he gained
his Nursing Diploma from the University of Central Lancashire in Preston.
Stephen, 49, who comes from Leyland, picked up his nursing application fonns thirty
years ago but never got around to filling them in. He opted for a job in the printing
profession instead and stayed there until three years ago, when he decided to take the
plunge and go into nursing.
"I realised that there was more to life than just sitting at a computer", says Stephen. "I
had worked in a nursing home for a few years and enjoyed the contact with adults, so I
decided to take it further and finally filled in the application fonns !"
Stephen admits that he found the academic work 'a challenge' at first, but he soon
settled down, enjoyed the support of a good group of his peers and achieved one of the
top marks on the course.
Stephen is currently working on the surgical wards at the Royal Preston Hospital, as
wen as continuing to study for a degree in nursing.
6 December 2001
nr469pc
-ends-
Please note: Digital image of Stephen Ball available - please contact Pam Culley,
Media and Prom6tion Office, tel: 01772 892486. Prints may also be available.


Summary Rates of sexually transmitted infections are increasing worldwide and notifications are also increasing in Australia. As many sexually transmitted infections are asymptomatic, timely and appropriate testing is needed to avoid the long-term sequelae of infection, to halt transmission and to improve associated morbidity. Testing for sexually transmitted


Ethical issues related to the practice of group experiential therapy are discussed. Particular emphasis is given to ethical considerations associated with group psychotherapy versus individual psychotherapy, therapist competency in the use of experiential techniques, leader power issues, and aftercare. The "Ethical Principles of Psychologists and Code of Conduct" of the American Psychological Association (2002) and the "Association for Specialists in Group Work Best Practice Guidelines" (L. Rapin & L. Keel, 1998) are referenced to highlight ethical principles and guidelines as they relate to this discussion.


ABSTRACT:This special issue is dedicated to Namwali Serpell's novel The Old Drift (2019), and the introduction makes a case for reading the book as a disruptive novel. While the degree of its disruptiveness is a moot point, the novel displays a formal innovativeness that stems not from doing something entirely new but from recycling old art forms and mixing genres, re-asking old (un)answered questions, embracing open-endedness and engaging with the contradictory. In its handling of multiple narrative voices, the novel opens up, among other issues, possibilities for countering historical origins, unnarrating the nation and disbelonging to it. I first present the triadic logic underlying The Old Drift's formal and thematic choices in eight fragments that sometimes include close readings. I reserve the discussion of the implications of my argument on scholarly debates and African letters for last, choosing to first engage in a critical appraisal of the text. I also articulate my motivation for putting together this special issue under the rubric of disruption and trace the links in the articles contained herein.


M-T curves, M-H curves and electron spin resonance (ESR) curves of LaMn1-xZnxO3(x=0.05, 0.10, 0.20, 0.30, 0.40) were studied. Experimental results indicate that: with increasing Zn doping, the TC value decreases monotonously, and the system undergoes a transition from long-range ferromagnetic order to cluster-spin glass stated. The results are attributed to double exchange interaction, magnetic dilution and lattice effects by Zn doping.


In an ever-changing environment, (of which the "ever-changing" was recently made more prominent due to a world-wide pandemic), humankind either needs to adapt or die. The question however remains: to what extent should we adapt to the "new"? Accepting the fact that each reader would glean and react to different aspects presented in the article "Understanding the unintended consequences of online teaching", I herewith present my opinion and use this opportunity to raise my concerns regarding the article. The critique of a largely unchallenged characterization of online teaching is a sign of growing intellectual vibrancy in the field which can foster innovative ideas for teaching methods. The objective of this critical note is not to reiterate the case for understanding the unintended consequences of online teaching, rather it is written in the pursuit to expand on what has been published thus far to advance online higher education pedagogy and to highlight the importance and value of academic research in an ever-changing environment.


Publication of the Value of Urodynamic Evaluation study has drawn attention to whether urodynamics improves patient outcomes when added to an office evaluation of stress urinary incontinence before surgical intervention.


We explore how credit market frictions matter for the coessentiality of money and credit. There are high-productivity and low-productivity borrowers. Limited commitment can yield a one-for-one credit limit in accordance with a borrower's productivity. An adverse selection problem caused by asymmetric information, however, makes lenders impose the credit limit of a low-productivity borrower on a high-productivity borrower. If productivities differ su fficiently between borrowers, a high-productivity borrower is credit-constrained and is willing to hold money to compensate for the deficiency of her credit limit, but a low-productivity borrower is not. This eventually implies the coessentiality of money and credit in the sense that the use of both improves the allocation from a social welfare perspective.


This article examines the nature of culpa in contrahendo with special attention to precontractual agreements. This is currently a controversial aspect in European countries in the scope of the European juridical harmonization. The modern legal focus in the European national Law is very different and there are relevant differences among those who consider culpa in contrahendo in the scope of Contracts and those who place it with crime or quasicrime or even those who consider it as tertium genus. Academic work for the harmonization of the European civil law, such as the Draft Common Frame of Reference (DCFR) or the Principies of European Contract Law (PECL) have adopted the principie of good faith applicable to precontractual negotiations and their consequences, but these pieces of work do not clarify the nature of this liability nor do they explicitly use the expression culpa in contrahendo. The European Regulation regarding the applicable law to non-contractual obligations (Rome II) reflects a specific norm about culpa in contrahendo. This liability is regarded as an autonomous concept thought of only for the European Law and, despite the fact that the rule of conflict applied to non-contractual obligations according to this regulation is the law of the place where the tort has been committed, the law that shall apply to the suppositions of culpa in contrahendo will be the contract law.


Given the precarity and mobility of neoliberalism, there has been increasing interest into constructs of 'home'. In this article, the author defines 'home' as an active and relational process encompassing interactions between materiality and immateriality. Participant observation research conducted amongst shelter families in Toronto, Canada, living in motels can shed light on some of these larger global conversations about what 'home' is, and particularly, what it is not. These motels are utilized as part of the City of Toronto Shelter, Support and Housing Administration providing free shelter to impoverished families in need. Social workers, shelter managers and local faith group volunteers assert that the motels should be considered 'home' and the problem is that the women living in the motels with their children treat the physical space as transitory. In contrast, the women assert that the motel space is not a home and can never be made into one. The author argues that for these women, there are three critical elements missing in the motel: control over space, safety/security and privacy. The assertion that the motel space is not a home is a significant form of resistance to the regulatory bureaucratic structuring of daily life. However, despite this absence of home, the women feel strong identification as mothers and have formed systems of informal shared networks. This research helps to further illuminate not only our understandings of 'home', but also deepen and complicate normative associations equating 'home' with physical structure, domesticity and family.


Electronic Commerce is the trend of modern economic development.It will become the basic economic form of trade activities in the 21 century,which plays an important part in economic trade.Electronic Commerce major is to cultivate practical talents who are able to adapt themselves to the requirements of social development.I analyze and discuss the thoughts on teaching reform and teaching situation of EC in china,thereby putting forward my countermeasures and suggestions.


Previous sedimentologic and tectono-stratigraphic interpretations of the allochthonous to parautochthonous mid-upper Ordovician flysch deposits of the Gaspe Peninsula have been based mostly on the observations of exposures along the north shore of the peninsula in the Humber Zone, the early Paleozoic Laurentian margin of Iaepetus (Williams, 1979). In an effort to better understand Ordovician foreland basin filling and its depositional mechanisms, an eastern Gaspe Peninsulawide sedimentologic and stratigraphic integration (graptolite zonation, facies analysis, paleocurrent data, etc) was undertaken between the Deslandes and Cloridorme Formations of the Taconic foreland basin in the north, and the Garin Formation in the south, the basal unit of the post-Taconic basin of the Gaspe Belt (Bourque and others, 1995) (Fig. 1). The rocks considered in this study were deposited during and after Taconic foreland basin development which resulted from collision of the eastern continental margin of North America (Humber Zone) with volcanic arcs (Dunnage Zone) above a southeasterly-dipping subduction zone and the loading of the North American plate with thrust sheets of the thickened accretionary prism (Hiscott and others, 1986). The part of the Ordovician flysch examined in this study is in the eastern Quebec Re-entrant (Thomas, 1977) where deposition consists totally of deep-water black shales and flysch derived from the arc(s), forebulge, and Laurentian sources to the south, north, and west, respectively.


The market for modified atmosphere foods continues to grow throughout Europe. This paper highlights some of the practical research studies carried out at the Campden Food and Drink Research Association during recent years. Vegetables referred to include potatoes, mushrooms, Brussels sprouts, calabrese, carrots, bean sprouts, watercress, diced onions, lettuce and mixed lettuce, and mixed vegetables. In all cases sensory evaluations of appearance were carried out on these vegetables packed in different atmospheres and in different packaging films, but only some results are included here in detail. Reference is made to a new industry guideline document for the good manufacturing and handling of modified atmosphere packed food products, and also to the use of active packaging.


We describe a straightforward method for solving the renormalization-group equation when flavor-symmetry breaking is included. We discuss relations to other existing approaches.


The South African government has advised that cases of AIDS will have to be reported to the authorities by doctors diagnosing the condition. Care givers and close relatives will be informed but names will be withheld from the authorities. The department of health said that this measure is undertaken because there is currently no accurate national information on the numbers of people with AIDS. The information is needed for planning, resource allocation, and determining how many people may need admission to hospital. The proposal was disagreed by South African nongovernmental organizations working with HIV/AIDS. They argued that fairly reliable statistical information is already available from routine HIV testing in antenatal facilities. They added that identification might endanger the lives of people with AIDS. Organizations have also questioned the reliability of AIDS diagnoses in rural areas where there are few laboratory facilities.


EPR spectroscopy shows that the radical cation of cyclooctatetraene (1), as formed by γ-radiolysis in solid freon matrices at 77 K, is converted by visible (blue) light (400–600 nm) to the isomeric bicyclo[3.3.0]octa-2,6-diene-4,8-diyl isomer (2). On subsequently irradiating with red light (>570 nm), 2 is converted to a third isomer with couplings (a= 13.5 G) to two protons which are α- to the SOMO, as may be judged from the g and A anisotropy. Restricted HF AM1 calculations establish the structure 11 for this isomer and provide a rationale for the conversion of 2 to 11 in the clear correlation that is found between the two highest occupied orbitals of excited 2* and 11. Other local minima are located by extensive exploration of the C8H8+˙ potential energy surface, and possible conversions between selected examples of these are calculated to compare with published experimental results.


Harmonic voltages at PCC of a power grid are the combinations of voltage contributions of each harmonic source located in the same grid. In particular, quantifying harmonic contributions of the customers and the utility system is highly important for power quality management. This paper presents a new method of harmonic source identification problems: how to quantify the harmonic levels observed at a network location. The paper first defines the problem. It then presents a statistical correlation based method to estimate the index. The characteristics of the proposed method are investigated through case studies. Finally, the improvements of the proposed method are discussed.


The paper describes and analyzes four problems in the development of university journals. To solve the problems, it suggests that universities should take advantages of their specialties, raise awareness of uniqueness, emphasize standardized management and integrate the existing resources to establish university publishing group.


The rapidly growing demand for electrical energy and the geopolitical situation in Poland is increasing State involvement in the interest of energy-security. Alternative sources of energy do not provide such a guarantee, and nuclear energy is too expensive for Poland, so this technology cannot be used on a large scale. It raises also serious social controversies. Resources of black coal will run to depletion within the next twenty years. Meanwhile gigantic deposits of brown coal are exploited on a comparatively smaller scale. State authorities incline more and more strongly to their extraction. The Legnica – Ścinawa deposit in the northern part of central Silesia provides the greatest prospect, but controversies too. These problems are discussed here in the paper.


Abstract : INTRODUCTION. Changes in relaxed +Gz tolerance impacts the support required from G protective measures and may affect the capability of the aircrew to reengage following exposure to HSG. During and post-HSG, simultaneous physiological events which could increase or decrease G-tolerance are activated. METHODS. This study exposed 6 male centrifuge subjects to a GOR(Gradual Onset Rate = 0.067 G/second) acceleration to their subjective G-tolerance limit. Following a rest period, the subjects were exposed to a 7+GZ ROR (Rapid Onset Rate = 1.0 G/second) acceleration for 60 seconds. Immediately after the ROR the subjects were reexposed to the GOR and taken to their relaxed tolerance limit. RESULTS. The subjects relaxed tolerance on the first GOR (pre-HSG) was 5.4 +Gz +/- 0.7 (X +/- SD) and their second GOR tolerance (post-HSG) was 4.5 +/- 0.6. Statistical significance via Student's T Test (2 tailed) was p=0.065, but 5 of 6 subjects had a reduction in post-HS(i tolerance. Electrocardiogram and heart rate evaluations provided an indicator of the cardiovascular response. CONCLUSIONS. This study suggests that relaxed +Gz tolerance is lowered following a high G exposure. Such a post-HSG reduction in relaxed tolerance would place a greater burden on the pilot's G protective systems thereby limiting one's ability to fully utilize the capability of the aircraft. R laxed tolerance, High sustained +Gz, G-Tolerance.


In 2008, the US Congress reported on the Hidden Tragedy the underreporting of occupational injuries. Two national surveillance systems capture data on nonfatal occupational injuries in the USA. The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) collects data on nonfatal occupational injuries treated in emergency departments (ED) by using indirect identification of work-relatedness by workers at the time of treatment. The Bureau of Labour Statistics (BLS) collects similar nonfatal injury data but as reported by private industry employers. The ED data suggest that from 1998 to 2007 occupational injuries occurred at a relatively constant level (about 3.4 million/year and a rate of about 3 injuries/100 full-time workers) among workers in all industries. In contrast, the employer-based reporting for private industry suggests that there was a marked decline in injuries for the 10 year period (from 5.9 million at a rate of 6.7/100 full-time workers in 1998 to 4.0 million at a rate of 4.2/100 full-time workers in 2007). The complexities of the case definitions, sample designs and specific worker populations included, make comparing the two systems difficult. However, the ED worker-based reporting data suggest that the apparent decrease in injuries over the 10 year period indicated by employer based reporting may have been significantly influenced by increases in underreporting during recent years. Studies are currently underway by NIOSH and BLS to examine incentives and disincentives to reporting by workers and employers.


Background

The hypomethylating agents azacitidine and decitabine are active in MDS and approved in the U.S.A. for this indication. The comparative efficacy of these two agents is not established. Responses to one drug after treatment failure with the other may offer evidence for superior efficacy.

Study Aims

Evaluate the efficacy of decitabine in MDS after failure of azacitidine therapy.

Study Group and Treatment

Adults with MDS who have progressed or failed to respond after at least three courses of azacitidine were eligible. Other entry criteria were standard including performance status 0–2, normal liver, kidney, and cardiac functions, and informed consent. Patients received decitabine 20 mg/m2 IV/D x 5 every four weeks. Response was evaluated by the modified IWG criteria (Cheson, Blood 2006).

Results

Fourteen patients have been treated to date. Their median age was 74 years (range 58–85 years). Patients had received prior azacitidine for a median of 4 courses (range 1 to 9); number of azacitidine courses 3 or more in 12 patients (86%); hemoglobin less than 10 g/dL in 7 (50%); thrombocytopenia < 100 x 109/L in 11 (78%); chromosomal abnormalities in 6 (43%); marrow or peripheral blast 5% or more in 13 (93%). Overall, 5 patients (36%) achieved IWG response: CR in 3 (21%), PR in 1 (7%), marrow CR +/− other hematologic improvements (HI) in 1 (7%). Improvement of thrombocytopenia was noted in 2/5 patients (40%) with pretreatment platelets < 50 x 109/L. Median remission duration was 5.3 months; median survival was 6.0 months. Extramedullary toxicities were minimal.

Conclusions

Decitabine is active in MDS following failure of azacitidine therapy. Comparative randomized studies of decitabine versus azacitidine in MDS may be indicated.


The allergological service in the city of Nizhnekamsk has existed since 1982. The city is located in the zone of influence of a large petrochemical production, which leads to an increase in allergic and bronchopulmonary pathologies, including bronchial asthma of exo- and endogenous origin.


This study analyses the relationship between the ecologically conscious consumer behavior and ecological products purchase. Recent literature defines the ecologically conscious consumer behavior as a multidimensional construct and outputs of the ecologically conscious consumer behavior are attitudinal dimension as intent to purchase ecological products or behavioral dimension as actual purchasing of ecological products.


Six infants with upper airway obstruction were discussed. Their disease were severe laryngomalacia, trachea-laryngomalacia, subglottic stenosis of the larynx and choanal atresia associated with Crouzon syndrome. They were treated with long term intratracheal intubation for more than 2 months. Three of them had systematic complications.We succeeded in decannulation with 3 of these patients after long-term intubation, though the others needed tracheotomies. Their average body weight was about 6000g and the average age was 4 or 5 months, when the decannulation was performed.The three infants who needed tracheotomies had systematic complications. In particular all of them had the GER (gastro-esophageal reflex).We concluded that the appropriate time for decannulation and tracheotomy in infants is when they are 5 or 6 months old and their body weight about 6000g.Unless decannulation is successful, because of the severe upper airway stenosis, a tracheotomy is necessary for such patients.


Multiwavelength 2 X 2 fiber-optic switch array retroreflective structure is proposed using a 2D array of small +/- 10 degree(s) tilt micromirrors. Experimental results at the 1550 nm band indicate a best -23 dB optical crosstalk level.


For genetic improvement and management of stocks of the Indian major carp, Labeo rohita, assessment of genetic variation of wild stocks is essential. Six dinucleotide microsatellite loci Lr3, Lr12, Lr14b, Lr21, Lr24 and Lr26 were analyzed to test the genetic variability of three populations of L. rohita collected from three different rivers, the Halda, the Jamuna and the Padma, and the analyzed loci were found to be polymorphic (P95) in all the populations. The average number of allele was highest (4.16) in the Jamuna population followed by the Halda (3.66) and the Padma populations (3.16). The average observed heterozygosity (0.633) was highest in the Padma population while the highest average expected heterozygosity (0.607) was obtained in the Jamuna population. Relatively low level of FST (0.034) and high level of Nm (7.043) was detected between the Jamuna and the Padma populations, while high level of FST (0.068) and low level of Nm (3.417) was detected between the Halda and the Padma populations. The Nei's (1972) genetic distance (D) between the Halda and the Padma populations was the highest (0.167) while that was the lowest (0.073) between the Jamuna and the Padma populations. The results indicated a relatively low level of genetic variation among the wild stocks of L. rohita and suggested that necessary measures need to be taken for its stock improvement and conservation.


Second Language is a main tool in human communication.At present,nearly all the people in the world have to acquire a second language,though many obstacles are getting in their way of learning.Anxiety in second language learning is one of the obstacles.Studying and probing to it not only helps understand its nature but also offers ways to solve the problem.Besides,useful and practical theories and strategies are in urgent need to deal with this problem.This paper mainly makes an analysis of the present situation of anxiety in English learning,and offers some strategies.


The book describes infectious diseases of rabbits, presents modern information about pathogens of diseases, clinical and pathologic and anatomical manifestation of diseases, for the description of pathogenesis, describes epizootic features, describes the latest diagnostic methods, specific prevention and measures to combat infectious TB infectious diseases of rabbits .
 It is intended for rabbits-fans and experts in veterinary medicine, as well as for a wide range of specialists who are interested in the problems of infectious diseases of small pet animals: scientists, teachers and students of agricultural and veterinary educational institutions.


Severe side effects prevent the utilization of otherwise promising drugs in treatments. These side effects arise when drugs affect untargeted tissues due to poor target specificity. In photopharmacology, light controls the timing and the location of drug delivery, improving treatment specificity and pharmacokinetic control. Photopharmaceuticals have not seen widespread adoption in part because researchers do not always have access to reliable and reproducible light delivery devices at prices which fit within the larger research budget. In this work, we present a customizable photomodulator for use in both wearable and implantable devices. For experimental validation of the photomodulator, we photolyse JF-NP-26 in rats, producing raseglurant, a mGluR5 inhibitor shown to have antinociceptive effects in animal models. We show our photomodulator produces a significant reduction in pain response in the formalin model by photoreleasing raseglurant, indicating our photomodulator can successfully drive in vivo photopharmacology. We demonstrate modifications which enable the photomodulator to operate wirelessly. By documenting our photomodulator development, we hope to introduce researchers to a simple solution which significantly lowers the engineering barriers to photopharmacology research.


Recently, the relevance of biomass projects and substitution of fossil fuels, primarily natural gas, has increased significantly. Ukraine has a great potential in the production of biofuels, but its application is still very limited. The use of wood in the form of log pieces, wood treatment waste, wood chips and pellets, and burning of sunflower husk has the most dynamic development. The article presents the analysis of efficiency of the industrial activity of the biomass energy-generating complex at Аgroindustrial Company Eugroil Ltd as one of the most environmentally friendly and cost-effective types of electricity production, which is extremely important to determine the prospects of the company. The authors have examined the current state and prospects of bioenergy development in Ukraine. Energy and technological characteristics of the complex under consideration are provided. The results of assessment of the impact of the complex's operation on the environment are presented, as are the results of analysis of environmental and economic efficiency of its implementation. Prospects for further development of the production are suggested.


The audit objective was to assess the effectiveness of the Department of Education, Science and Training's (DEST's) administration of its role in Australian Apprenticeships. To achieve this, the ANAO assessed DEST's performance to determine if DEST: monitored whether Australian Apprenticeships was achieving its objectives; effectively managed the Australian Apprenticeships Incentives Programme; and effectively managed its contracts with Australian Apprenticeships Centres.


Establishing in passive symmetrical compensation technology,a co-phase power supply scheme based on power transformer with Y,d11 winding connection is proposed to construct a co-phase power supply system for electric railway.The main thinking of this scheme is to filter the third,fifth and seventh harmonics by designing single-tuned LC filters and to compensate the negative-sequence trouble brought by co-phase power supply through designing a symmetrical compensation device based on total negative-sequence phasor diagram.Utilizing the component library for power system simulation in Matlab/Simulink,the co-phase power supply system is simulated,and simulation results verifies the correctness and feasibility of the comprehensive compensation for the proposed co-phase power supply system based on power transformer with Y,d11 winding connection.Adopting the proposed co-phase power supply,not only the requirements to the operation of high-speed and heavy-loaded electric locomotives can be met while the neutral section insulators can be no longer equipped,but also the complete balance among the three phases can be realized,and the harmonic filtering and reactive power compensation can be simultaneously implemented.


At Research Farm, Department of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry, SHUATS, Prayagraj a field experiment was undertaken in the kharif season 2021-2022, with 9 treatments and 3 replications, the experiment was set up in a Randomized Block Design (RBD) includes Particle density ranged from 2.09 Mg m-3 to 2.26 Mg m-3 in 0-15 cm soil depth and 2.30 Mg m-3 to 2.37 Mg m-3 in 15-30 cm soil depth, bulk density ranging from 1.193 Mg m-3 to 1.290 Mg m-3 at 0-15 cm soil depth and 1.247 Mg m-3 to 1.365 Mg m-3 in 15-30 cm soil depth, Porosity ranged from 44.71 percent to 46.18 percent in the 0-15 cm of soil, but as depth increased, porosity declined, with the depth at 15-30 cm Porosity ranged from 40.39 percent to 43.93 percent. At 0-15 cm and 15-30 cm soil depths as due to the implementation of vermicompost and zinc a considerable impact on soil pH, EC, and Organic Carbon. At 0-15 cm soil level, available nitrogen content ranged from 177.00 kg ha-1 to 227.17 kg ha-1, while at 15-30 cm soil depth, available nitrogen content ranged from 184.60 kg ha-1 to 192.12 kg ha-1. In the 0-15 cm and 15-30 cm soil depths founded maximum available Phosphorus and available Potassium. The available zinc concentration in soil varies from 0.360 ppm to 0.570 ppm at 0-15 cm depth and 0.290 ppm to 0.530 ppm at 15-30 cm depth.


With the depletion of fossil sources, research is currently intensively focused on exploiting renewable ones. Particular attention is paid to wastes and raw materials for producing biodiesel, lubricants, surfactants, polymers, solvents, and fine chemicals [1-2].
In this area, heterogeneous catalysis plays a prominent role, due to the remarkable advantages of robustness and recyclability. A huge number of new heterogeneous nanocatalysts have been applied to exploiting biomass and raw materials [3,4].
Another sustainable approach flows chemistry, which has rapidly gained interest due to the advantages of automation, reproducibility, safety, and easy up-scale. Many applications to the synthesis of vegetable oil derivatives and waxes are reported [5,6].


1. Whatever heirarchical system of classifying graptolites is adopted, perhaps even raising them to the rank of phylum, the hemichordates including Rhabdopleura and Cephalodiscus remain their closest relatives.


The lives of 10 million women and children will be put at risk if the global financial situation affects the funding promised for developing health systems in poorer countries, a report has warned.

The funding gap could be as large as $30bn (£21bn; €23bn) a year by 2015 if donors fail to meet targets, expert working groups have warned the Taskforce on Innovative International Financing for Health Systems.

The taskforce, which is chaired by the UK prime minister, Gordon Brown, and Robert Zoellick, the president of the World Bank, was set up in September 2008 to find ways to fill the funding gap and ensure …


Abstract Responses to lime and molybdenum in white clover obtained in a glasshouse experiment have been related to factors associated with acidity in a weathering and leaching sequence of zonal soils derived mainly from greywacke parent materials. On a percentage increase basis the largest dry-matter responses to lime were obtained on the strongly leached and podzolised soils. Yields of limed clover in the soil sequence decreased with increasing weathering and leaching On the weakly leached brown-grey earth Conroy sandy loam, a response to lime was attributed to an increase in molybdenum availability and probably to more effective clover nodulation. Increasing weathering and leaching in moderately and strongly leached yellow-brown earths was accompanied by a decrease in molybdenum availability and was an important factor limiting clover growth. On Cass fine sandy loam, Korokoro silt loam, and Marua clay loam the response to Jime was attributed mainly to an increase in molybdenum uptake. Renata silt loam, ...


The author of the article considered the mechanism of influence of decisions of the European Сourt of Human Rights on the development of criminal justice in the Russian Federation. Individual factors (forms) of this influence are analyzed on the example of reformation of procedures of reviewing the judicial decisions in criminal cases.


The second of this series of articles discusses period contracts, the Health and Safety at Work Act, and new hard hat regulations for construction sites


* Clinical Instructor and Resident in Pediatrics, Department of Pediatrics. ** Assistant Professor, Department of Pediatrics. *** Medical Student, Ohio State University, College of Medicine. From the Department of Pediatrics, Ohio State University, College of Medicine, and The Children's Hospital Research Foundation, 561 South Seventeenth St., Columbus, Ohio 43205. SINCE de Jessieu first described what he Il'wTGE e s ieu termed &dquo;congenital lingual hypoplasia&dquo; in 1719 ~ Iess than 40 instances of the unusual abnormality of congenital aglossia, or ex-


This paper investigates the performance of item response theory based on distance criteria rather than likelihood criteria. For this purpose, the estimated item response matrix is introduced. This matrix is a reconstruction of the item response matrix using maximum likelihood estimates of the parameters in item response theory. Then the distance between the observed and estimated matrices can be determined using the Frobenius matrix norm. An approximated low-rank matrix can be generated from the observed item response matrix by singular value decomposition, and the distance between the observed and low-rank matrices can be obtained in the same way. By comparing these two distances, we can evaluate the performance of the estimated item response matrix comparable to the performance of an approximated low-rank matrix. Applying this comparison to actual examination data, it is found that the rank of the approximated low-rank matrix that is equivalent to the estimated item response matrix is very low when using matrices as training data. However, using test data, the predictive ability of item response theory seems high enough since the minimum distance between the approximated low-rank matrix and the observed item response matrix is approximately equal to or slightly less than the distance between the estimated item response matrix and the observed item response matrix. This fact has been first discovered by utilizing the estimated item response matrix defined here.


The article discusses the conceptual directions of the development of education: all-age and continuous. Two interrelated basic tendencies of all-age education have been identified. The authors considered the specificity of educational concepts in different countries of the world. Depending on the level of embeddedness of research competence in the activity, a morphological five-aspect classification is proposed. The following aspects of the division were identified as independent: mental orientation of the individual to the implementation of research activities; own (individual) motivational apparatus that stimulates a person to carry out research activities; the level of requirements and the presence of high-quality psychological support of the close external environment for the formation of acquired properties (signs) in a person for the implementation of expedient research activities; the level of requirements and the presence of high-quality psychological support of the distant external environment for the formation of acquired properties (signs) in a person for the implementation of expedient research activities; the presence of a methodological and informational apparatus in an educational institution for identifying congenital and acquired personality inclinations to research activities. The system of research competence for a specific educational institution, including various aspects of its functioning, is presented by the authors in a code dimension (one of the basic requirements of the digital economy). A sequence of development of a code portrait is proposed, which allows the entire set of educational institutions to be divided according to the level of the state of the system of research competence, which gives the management apparatus of the university a powerful mechanism for the formation of acquired properties (attributes) in a person to carry out expedient research activities (creating the necessary volume and focus of research competence of students and trainees). Based on the proposed methodology, a comparison was made between two educational systems: domestic (Russian) and foreign (American).


Nowadays, media has more influence on the society. But, the ethics of media producers are decreased due to lack of consideration on whether the contents are suitable for children or not. Consequently, the children may imitate inappropriate behaviors without knowing. Recently, game-based mobile learning application has been applied as a learning media for children because it is more fascinating and effective than traditional learning. From our literature survey, the learning media about Thai social etiquette is still a few and not attractive for children. However, it is still important to cultivate the children's good manners. The objective of this research project is to develop a game-based mobile learning application called "Kiddy Manner", which is an android application for children learning Thai social etiquette. The target users of the application are children ages 6–9 years old (grades 1–3) in elementary schools. The ultimate goal of this research project is to encourage the children growing up to be the well-behaved persons in the society.


Proper management of water resources for forth coming generation is of prime concern due to pressure of increasing population and water requirement by crop. Exact scheduling of crop requires the accurate quantification of water requirement for crop which is way towards management of water. Determination of irrigation scheduling and water requirements for crops required to calculate reference evapotranspiration. Estimation of evapotranspiration which plays an important role in the water budgeting and perhaps the most challenging component of hydrological cycle to estimate especially in semi-arid and arid regions. Evapotranspiration estimation methods have their own strengths and restrictions depending upon the availability of data and methods applied with assumptions used. Present paper reviews the most commonly used various approaches, which are suitable for the estimation of evapotranspiration.


We present in this paper the internal thermal stresses appearing in Co nanowires in alumina template when they are cooled from the room temperature to 3 Kelvin. Thermal stresses are evaluated with a finite element method (FEM), taking into account the difference between the thermal expansion coefficients of cobalt and alumina membrane. The coupling between the magnetostriction and the stress distribution leads to an easy axes distribution associated with a magnetic domain structure consisting of a cylindrical inner core with axial magnetization and a cylindrical outer shell with radial magnetization of about 2% from the entire radius.


A novel Fe3O4 nanoparticles modified glassy carbon electrode(Fe3O4-np/GC electrode) was fabricated via a dropwise-coating method.The XRD pattern indicated that the Fe3O4 nanoparticles have pure cubic phase spinel structure,and the TEM image showed that the Fe3O4 nanoparticles are tiny spherical particles with mean size of 15~20 nm.The microstructure and electrochemical behavior of the modified electrode were investigated by scanning electron microscope(SEM) and electrochemical impedance spectrum(EIS).The electrochemical behaviors and kinetic parameters of cefotaxime sodium(CS) on Fe3O4-np/GC electrode were investigated by cyclic voltammetry(CV) and differential pulse voltammetry(DPV).The experimental results showed that the reduction peak current of CS increased significantly at modified electrode in comparison with that at GC electrode.In B-R buffer solution,the reduction peak currents are proportional to the concentrations of CS over the range from 7.0×10-8 to 1×10-6 and 1×10-6 to 4.5×10-5 mol/L,respectively,and the limit of detection is 5.0×10-8 mol/L.This method was applied in the determination of CS in four kinds of commercial injection samples and the recovery varies from 96.6% to 102.7%.


The quality of the software can be seen from the functionality of the application system whether it is in accordance with user needs or may be detrimental to system owners and users. For software testing, there are several methods used by testers to launch software, namely Black Box Testing and White Box Testing. In this study, the testing method used is Black Box Testing by applying Equivalence Partitioning to develop Web-Based E-learning applications at the Telkom Institute of Technology Surabaya because it is considered the most suitable for application testing by dividing the equivalence class into 2, namely valid and invalid classes. . The research stages are determining system functions, designing test cases, conducting tests, and drawing final conclusions. The results showed that this e-learning application screen was used as a distance or online learning medium at the Telkom Institute of Technology Surabaya.


Depression affects not only the patient and the provider, but the employer as well. Up to 25% of all women experience major depressive disorder, compared with perhaps as many as 12% of all men. It is highly prevalent in patients with other acute and chronic disease. On October 4, 1999, a panel of managed care medical directors, pharmacy directors, clinicians, researchers, and health economists was convened in San Diego to discuss the optimal treatment of the disorder. This roundtable discussion is presented in three parts. The first portion lays the clinical foundation for the management of this critical disorder.


This report gives an overview of the results of the targeted consultation on "ESG ratings and ESG factors in credit ratings", carried out between 4 April and 10 June 2022. 168 responses were received to the online questionnaire. All responses, including 36 accompanying letters were considered. Percentages mentioned in this summary report are based on respondents who expressed an opinion on the relevant question.


Lurking pandemics and ever-present bio-terror threats necessitate the design of contingency plans that address these bio-emergencies. Continuous changes in regional demographics and transportation infrastructure imply that response plans are not static, but undergo frequent revisions. These plans outline specific response scenarios attempting to meet federal mandated performance criteria. However, there are only few computational tools available that can aid in the analysis of response plan performance. REsponse PLan ANalyser (RE-PLAN), a computational framework with GIS capabilities, facilitates the analysis of response plans and their corresponding placement of resources. This paper introduces the RE-PLAN architecture and its underlying methodologies. The principles of plan analysis are demonstrated by applying RE-PLAN to a synthetically generated geographic region and the results of each analysis step are shown.


We use the Solow augmented model to quantify the long-term determinants of growth in Morocco and Tunisia. In the Tunisian case, these later are the capital in the broad sense (physical and human), the growth of the population and the lagged GDP (what confirms the occurrence of the catching-up phenomenon). In Morocco, we find the same variables except the capital (in the broad sense) which is not always significant. If at the level of the general training Tunisia is more successful than Morocco, at the level of the professional training Morocco is better than Tunisia.


A Workshop on Electronic Editions will be held on January 8 (starting in the early afternoon) and 9 (ending not later than 5 pm) 2015, at Gottingen, under the auspices of the Academy of Sciences at Gottingen, and the Department for Special Collection and Conservation of Gottingen University Library, organized by Moritz Epple (Frankfurt), Helmut Rohlfing (Gottingen), and Norbert Schappacher (Strasbourg) on behalf of the Academy's Kommission fur Mathematiker-Nachlasse. The aim of the workshop ...


Aiming at the practical problem of complex parameter estimation in Richards model, the parameter estimation problem of Richards model is transformed into a multi-dimensional nonlinear function optimization problem by following the principle of "least squares". Combined with the deformation monitoring data of foundation pit slope in a certain construction project and through C++ programming, variable random search step size strategy and variable drosophila population size strategy were introduced to realize the adaptive improvement of standard drosophila algorithm (FOA), so as to improve the local search ability and search efficiency of the algorithm. In order to verify the accuracy and effectiveness of the algorithm's estimation parameters, the improved Fruit fly algorithm (IFOA), particle swarm optimization (PSO) and genetic Algorithm (GA) are compared and analyzed. The results show that the improved Fruit fly algorithm (IFOA) is more applicable to the parameter estimation of Richards model.


Acutely volatile movements in primary commodity prices have drawn considerable interest from empirical researchers. Exports of these commodities account for the bulk of export earnings of developing countries. The traditional demand-based framework was unable to explain the marked deterioration in these prices during the 1980s. This paper tries to ascertain the role played by real oil prices in explaining the extremely volatile movements in real prices of primary commodities by taking into account oil price shocks over the period 1973–1996, using monthly data. Real primary commodity prices and real oil prices are cointegrated. Additionally, the error in the cointegrating relation stimulates real commodity price adjustment, not real oil price adjustment.


Along with the deeper understanding of the principles of preventive conservation,the study of museum environments has become a key area in conservation and science,both in China and abroad.This article focuses on the latest development of international museum environment studies.It describes in detail the research achievements in monitoring,analysis,evaluation and control of museum environments in China.It also proposes future directions for museum environment studies during China's twelfth Five-Year Plan.


Objective To investigate the clinical effect of dexmedetomidine in patients with hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage undergoing craniotomy. Methods Sixty patients with hypertensive cerebral hemorrhage( Glasgow coma scale less than 12 points on admission to hospital,ASA Ⅱ ~ Ⅳ) were randomly divided into two groups: dexmedetomidine group( group DEX) and placebo group( group N),30 cases in each group. The placebo group received saline,whereas the treatment group( DEX group) received a single bolus dose of dexmedetomi-dine( 0. 5 μg / kg) intravenously over 10 minutes before induction of anesthesia. All patients received a continuous DEX infusion or placebo until the start of skin closure. Anaesthesia was maintained with sufentanyl,propofol and atracurium. Patients' heart rate( HR),mean arterial pressure( MAP),systolic blood pressure( SBP),diastolic blood pressure( DBP) were recorded at entering the operating room,before induction,after intubation,at skin incision,end of the operation. Arterial blood oxygen partial pressure( Pa O2),arterial blood carbon dioxide( Pa CO2),and spontaneous breathing recovery time were measured. Results There was no difference in HR,MAP,SBP,DBP at entering the operation room( P 0. 05); HR,MAP,SBP,DBP at four points were significantly higher in the placebo group compared with the DEX group( P 0. 05). During spontaneous breathing recovery,Pa O2 was higher in the DEX group compared with control group( P 0. 05),however,Pa CO2 was lower in the DEX group compared with the control group( P 0. 05); The DEX group required fewer propofol infusing in the intraoperative period( P 0. 05); There was no difference in the spontaneous breathing recovery time between two groups( P 0. 05),the incidence of cough and agitation was lower in the DEX group compared with the control group( P 0. 05). Conclusion DEX increases perioperative haemodynamic stability in patients undergoing craniotomy. The use of DEX decreases mean arterial pressure,patients' heart rate,the dose of anesthetic without common side effects of the drug especially respiratory depression. It may be a suitable anaesthetic adjuvant to neurosurgical anaesthesia.


Translated from Zh. Prikl. Khim.; 46: No. 5, 1062-1065(May Results of a siudy on the effects of temperature on the extraction of Mo/sup 6+/ into D2EHPA from sulfuric, hydrochloric, and nitric acid solutions are reported. Experimental data indicate that in most cases an increase in temperature leads to decreased extraction of molybdenum. (JGB)


The aim of this essay was to examine adult-child power structures connected to the main character in Lois Lowry´s novel Number the Stars, to see if they could be found in different levels, and laye ...


... the standard engineering design process produces a fundamental blindness to the domains of action in which the customers of software systems live and work. The connection between measurable aspects of the software and the satisfaction of those customers is, at best, tenuous. We propose a broader interpretation of design that is based on observing the repetitive actions of people in a domain and connecting those action-processes to supportive software technologies. We call this activity actioncentered design and we propose it as the basis of a discipline of software architecture.


Significance Neuron-immune interaction through secreted factors is the basis for forming the complex microenvironment in the central nervous system that could alter cell functionalities and fates in physiological and pathological conditions. To evaluate the interaction between neurons and immune cells, we used the antibody barcode microchip to profile different secretomes simultaneously from paired neuron–macrophage and neuron–microglia single cells under normal conditions and the amyloid beta protein 1-42 (Aβ1-42)–induced Alzheimer's disease model, including cytokines, neurotrophic factors, and neuron-derived exosomes. The results uncovered the secretion-mediated secretome network between neurons and immune cells and the complex heterogeneity underlying the secretion from single-neuron cells. These findings deepen our understanding of how neurons and immune cells interact through the complex signaling network, which may help develop diagnostic strategies.


grade dysplasia in Barrett's esophagus suggest that this technique may have similar efficacy to PDT in eliminating dysplasia, but with less patient inconvenience and fewer serious side effects.12 Nevertheless, far more data are needed before radiofrequency ablation can be recommended for widespread clinical use. In the meantime, Prasad et al have made a valuable contribution, showing how translational research might direct endoscopic therapies for patients with dysplasia in Barrett's esophagus.


The expression derived in Part 1 for the ion-pair correlation function in the electric double layer is applied to two ions adsorbed on a plane (the i.h.p.) in the Stern inner region. For ions i and j, charges ei and ej at separation ρ on the i.h.p., the correlation function is g(ij)(ρ)=g(ij)(ρ, ξ= 0) exp [–1//kT∫10 dξ{ejϕ(i)(ρ, ξ)+eiϕ(j)(ρ, ξ)}], where ϕ(i)(ρ, ξ) is the potential due to ion i at distance ρ on the i.h.p. in the absence of ion j and ϕ(j)(ρ, ξ) is defined similarly. Both ions are being charged to the same degree ξ. The potential ϕ(i)(ρ, ξ) may be written as ϕ(i)(ρ, ξ)=ξeiϕ0(ρ)+ϕ(i)a(ρ)+ϕ(i)d(ρ, ξ), where ϕ0(ρ) is the potential due to a unit point charge, ϕ(i)a(ρ) arises from the removal of the mean surface charge density from the exclusion disc on the i.h.p. around i and ϕ(i)d(ρ, ξ) is due to the fluctuation in surface charge density on the i.h.p. beyond the exclusion disc. ϕ(j)(ρ, ξ) can be expressed similarly. In the case of two oppositely charged ion species on the i.h.p., the contribution ϕ(i)a(0, 1) to the discreteness-of-charge potential at ion i is determined by adapting to two-dimensions the ion-pairing theory of Bjerrum and Fuoss, as extended by Poirier and DeLap. The results are applied to a study of ionized monolayers.


The subshell fluorescence yields ω2 and ω3 and the Coster–Kronig yield f23 have been measured for Gd by the method of coincidence study of the X rays emitted by 155Eu.The result is ω2 = 0.182 ± 0.008, ω3 = 0.187 ± 0.006, and f23 = 0.223 ± 0.011. The values for ω2 and ω3 are close to theoretical predictions and to the experimental results of other workers on the neighboring element Tb. However, there is serious disagreement in the f23 values.


The paper discusses the results of research concerning the formation of electroconductive transmission lines on textile substrates using the magnetron sputtering technique. The transmission lines developed can potentially be applied in clothing for emergency and security services to affect electrical connections between electronic elements incorporated in the garments. The time of metallic layer deposition and the type of substrate used was optimised in the study. The surface resistivity, resistance to bending and abrasion of the transmission lines obtained were tested. The tests demonstrated that it is possible to obtain electroconductive copper layers with a surface resistivity approximating 0.2 Ω by direct deposition on spun-bonded type polypropylene nonwoven.


Copper(II) acetate reacts with triphenylphosphine, in ethanol solution, in a manner depending on the concentration of Cu(O2CMe)2, the molar ratio of PPh3 to CuII, and temperature, to form the copper(I) complex [Cu(O2CMe)(PPh3)n](n= 2 or 3), the copper(II) complex [Cu2(O2CMe)4(PPh3)2], and the mixed-valence copper(I,II) complex [Cu4(O2CMe)6(PPh3)4]. The pale blue-green complex [Cu4(O2CMe)6(PPh3)4] has been characterized by microanalysis, electronic, i.r., and e.s.r. spectra, and magnetic susceptibility measurements. The crystal and molecular structure of [Cu4(O2CMe)6(PPh3)4] has been determined from X-ray diffractometer data by the heavy-atom method and refined by full-matrix least-squares methods to R= 0.0565 for 2 227 reflections. Crystals are triclinic, space group P, with a= 10.898(8), b= 12.850(4), c= 19.877(8)A, α= 121.03(2), β= 90.14(5), γ= 117.98(4)°, and Z= 1. The crystal structure comprises centrosymmetrical molecules of [Cu4(O2CMe)6(PPh3)4]. Each molecule consists of a Cu2(O2CMe)4 dimeric unit in the axial positions to which two molecular Cu(O2CMe)(PPh3)2 ligands are co-ordinated through the oxygen atom of each acetate group.


ABSTRACT Objective: To gauge the frequency of post traumatic stress disorder, stress, anxiety and depression amongst the general population that has been quarantined in public quarantines Study Design: Cross sectional study Place and Duration of Study: Two months duration Mar to May 2020 at rural development authority building (Quarantine facility), Quetta Methodology: Total 377 individuals participated in the survey Pre-validated 'Depression Anxiety Stress Scale' and 'The Impact of Event Scale-Revised'questionnaire were used to interview the individuals Results: The age ranged between 18 and 53 with a mean age of 30 9 years ± 4 9 Out of 377 participants 17 (4 5%) were seen to match a score on 'The Impact of Event Scale-Revised' that was positive for Post Traumatic Stress Disorder On 'Depression Anxiety Stress Scale' scoring 25 (6 68%) showed symptoms indicative of depression, 19 (5%) for anxiety and 5 (1 3%) for stress Conclusion: Quarantine has significant psychological impact which includes Post-traumatic Stress Disorder, depression, anxiety and stress on the quarantined individuals in mass public quarantines


No nation in the present world can live in total isolation. In pursuit of one's own national interest, independence, survival and development, an interaction takes place among and between nations which marks the characterstic of the present international system and other subordinate state systems. The international system is dominated by the Super Power whose major aim is to increase their "sphere of influence" in all parts of the globe. The subordinate state systems such as South Asia, South East Asia, Middle East, Africa and Latin America are rife with regional conflicts and wars largely rooted in their historical, territorial and psychological claims. Though both the international system and subordinate systems are affected by each other, the former basically sets broad limits, context, and direction of regional conflicts in the subordinate state systems. Since India and Pakistan are situated in South Asia—a subordinate state system — the impact of the international system dominated mainly by the United States and the Soviet Union on the Shaping of their external policy environment would explain their conflictual relationship. This study is confined to an analysis of the involvement of the United States - one of the Super Powers in the conflictual and belligerent relationship between India and Pakistan with brief intervals of lull, since their becoming independent in 1947.


Dædalus Fall 2009 In a speech in Prague on April 5, 2009, President Obama recon1⁄2rmed his intention to seek a nuclear-weapons-free world (nwfw): "today, I state clearly and with conviction America's commitment to seek the peace and security of a world without nuclear weapons."1 In Cairo two months later, he defused the charge of double standards that has been leveled at the nuclear-weapons states (nws) throughout the 40-year history of the nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty (npt): "No nation should pick and choose which nation holds nuclear weapons. That's why I strongly reaf1⁄2rmed America's commitment to seek a world in which no nations hold nuclear weapons."2 By seizing the high ground he is set to win important debates. However, there are numerous obstacles in the way. What might a nwfw look like? The term is used in a variety of ways, some of which appear more stable and satisfactory than others. Certain principles, prerequisites, and transitional issues, as well as political order requirements, must be considered on the way to such a world. On the whole, growing international interdependence is helpful, but for nuclear disarmament to succeed, interdependence must be turned into cooperative security practices between the big powers, with a view to more effective collective security mechanisms in the hands of the world organization (currently the United Nations).


FeCo is a material attracting the interest of many because its very high saturation magnetization (up to 2.45T). In this study, FeCo nanoparticles assembled films with a matrix (carbon) were prepared by an integrated nanocluster deposition system with a gas aggregation cluster source and dc magnetron co-sputtering guns. The nanoparticles are produced from a Fe65Co35 alloy target. The average particle size is controlled to vary from 5to12nm. The size distribution is less than 10%. Transmission electron microscope images show the change of crystallinity upon online heating. FeCo nanoparticles with cubic shape are formed with online heating. Hc is found to increase with the carbon matrix deposited.


At Crypto'89, Chaum and van Antwerpen first introduced the concept of undeniable signatures, which has a special property such that a signature cannot be verified without the signer's cooperation. In 1996, Jakobsson, Sako, and Impagliazzo proposed a not-interactive unde- niable signature scheme by employing a new primitive called designated verifier proofs. However, this paper shows that their scheme is insecure by demonstrating a simple attack that allows a dishonest signer to con- vince a designated verifier receiving invalid signatures. In addition, two intuitive countermeasures are presented.


: Colloidal microcontainers, such as hollow capsules and colloidosomes, have a range of applications, including drug delivery, energy storage, and artificial protocells. In this study, we present a versatile and scalable self-assembly approach for encapsulating cargo particles within well-defined porous membranes or cages. The encapsulation process involves camouflaging cargo within a liquid matrix that serves as a scaffold for satellite particles to form densely packed shells around. These satellites fuse to create self-standing cages, after which the liquid matrix is dissolved, trapping the cargo inside. By adjusting the fusion protocol, we can control the porosity of the cages at various length scales. We demonstrate the potential of this technique by employing functional cargo to showcase transmembrane transport phenomena, such as the delivery and active uptake of nanoparticles.


Image information about each voxel with regard to the target object is obtained by using an MRI system. A trace start area including at least one voxel with regard to the target object is set. At least one voxel which is adjacent to the trace start area according to a preset reference is set as a trace progressing area. The similarity between the image information of the voxel included in the set trace progressing area and the image information of the voxel included in the trace start area is determined. Therefore, a method for obtaining the nerve fiber structure information of a target object is disclosed according to the determined similarity.


According to the "Construction Standards of Ideological and Political Theory Course in Universities ",existing ideological and political education in vocational colleges has many shortages.Higher vocational colleges and universities should take the chance of promulgation and fully implement the requirements of "Construction Standards of Ideological and Political Theory Course in Universities",from the perspective of the Party and do a good job of ideological and political course construction,set up an independent ideological teaching scientific research level two institution,to strengthen the ideological and political lesson teacher troop,to implement ideological and political teaching scientific research promotion project and regularly carry out ideological and political course construction and evaluation of the five aspects to strengthen the ideological and political course construction,and eventually realize the party and the country 's expectations.


A Chinese chestnut nutshell breaking plate comprises a nutshell breaking plate body. A plate surface of the nutshell breaking plate body is arc; an arc channel is vertically arranged on the plate surface, is an arc groove and is opposite to an annular groove on a nutshell breaking roller to form an enclosing channel; and elastic stabs are mounted on the arc groove and the annular groove. According to the Chinese chestnut nutshell breaking plate provided by the utility model, the arc groove is disposed on the nutshell breaking plate body and is opposite to the annular groove on the nutshell breaking roller to form a Chinese chestnut channel, passing speed of the Chinese chestnut is slowed down; the elastic stabs of the arc groove and the annular groove are used for extruding and kneading the Chinese chestnut, a nutshell breaking rate of the Chinese chestnut is raised and a broken rate of the Chinese chestnut is reduced.


The height of phalaenopsis stalk could be controlled effectively by using PP333、B9 and PBO,Furthermore,the moreconcentration were the more obvious of the effects.PP333and PBO have made the beginning florescence blossoms in advance,but the florescence has been delayed by using B9.There was of little effects on flower quality of phalaenopsis.


An apparatus for the flatness of the cathode ray tube electron gun comprising electrodes for measuring: table; means disposed so as to be movable in the Z-axis direction stage in the Z axis direction, the Z direction movement of the slider; means provided in the Z direction movement under so as to be movable in the X direction movement of the slider means in the X-axis direction; and a Y-direction movement of the slider so as to be disposed in the Y-axis direction in the X direction perpendicular to the moving direction of the mobile device means, wherein, the Z-direction The mobile device is equipped with a displacement measuring apparatus.


This design paper describes the development of custom built interface between a force-replicating virtual reality (VR) haptic interface glove, and a user. The ability to convey haptic information – both kinematic and tactile – is a critical barrier in creating comprehensive simulations. Haptic interface gloves can convey haptic information, but often the haptic "signal" is diluted by sensory "noise," miscuing the user's brain. Our goal is to convey compelling interactions – such as grasping, squeezing, and pressing – with virtual objects by improving one such haptic interface glove, the SenseGlove, through a redesign of the user-glove interface, soft glove. The redesign revolves around three critical design factors – comfort, realism, and performance – and three critical design areas – thimble/fingertip, palm, and haptic feedback. This paper introduces the redesign method and compares the two designs with a quantitative user study. The benefit of the improved soft glove can be shown by a significant improvement of the design factors, quantified through QUESI, NASA-TLX, and comfort questionnaires.


Global climate is likely to change markedly his century. Greenhouse gases are more difficult to reduce than many of the primary trace-pollutant emissions. Reductions in primary emissions have brought about substantial declines in urban air-pollutant concentrations since the 1960s and 1970s in many cities of Europe and North America. Some of the improvements have come about through a declining use of coal as a source of energy in cities. However, a reduction in traditional air pollutants, such as sulfur dioxide and smoke, have often been balanced by increases in the photochemical oxidants in smog, such as ozone, nitrogen oxides, and, more recently, fine particles. Much of the change in the nature of air pollution was the result of the extensive use of the automobile, which released volatile organic compounds into the air, primarily in urban areas. More recently the popularity of diesel engines has increased the emissions of fine particles in cities. Deposition of fine particles rich in carbon blackens buildings. Improvements in air-pollution concentrations in urban air make the impact of climate change on heritage buildings potentially more significant. Recently models of European climate have been used to determine the specific factors necessary for predicting future scenarios of climate impact on historical and archaeological environments. This process involved identifying the climate parameters most critical for architectural surfaces and structures and showing how they could be derived from traditional meteorological parameters, such as temperature, relative humidity, solar radiation, or precipitation. The climate parameters relevant for cultural heritage often involve a rearrangement or combination of better known meteorological parameters to produce output in terms of freeze-thaw cycles, wind-driven rain, humidity cycles and salts, gas and particle concentration, pH of precipitation, and the water-table level.1 After defining the climate parameters most likely to affect building materials, data available in the climate-model scenarios for the next 100 years was transformed to be useful for a discussion of future weathering of stone and porous masonry. This paper examines the importance of some of these predicted changes.


In this paper, a numerical model of tracked vehicle with a simplified suspension and a winch forcing movement at a constant speed of 2 m / s is presented. The simplified vehicle body was created in the CAD environment, the suspension model, dry and wet obstacle, as well as the winch system and material models, were created in the LS PREPOST. The body of the vehicle was treated as a rigid, mounted by springs and dampers on tracks, the solid element was replaced by a shell element with assigned moments of inertia and mass in the node located in the centre of gravity of the vehicle. The characteristics of the resultant contact force of vehicle travel on the rigid ground for a dry and water obstacle are presented.


Introduction: The loss of contractility and myocardial function are major aspects of heart failure. Obesity is an independent risk factor for developing hypertensive heart disease. The incidence of heart failure is currently increasing and novel therapeutics are needed. Opioid receptor stimulation is protective against myocardial ischemic‐reperfusion‐injury; whether this protection can be translated to heart failure is unclear. Hypothesizing that stimulation of κ‐opioid receptors preserves cardiac function during left ventricular hypertrophy, we performed the first study of OR‐stimulation in mice exposed to left ventricular pressure overload.


Wavelet packet autoregressive spectrum technique are used to analyze the steady and unsteady vibration signals of vehicle wheel system, extracts the fault characteristics of special vehicle wheel system, and realize the extraction of the fault characteristics of analysis object. By analyzing the fitting clearance of wheel system gears, discriminates the fault phenomenon of vehicle wheel system, provides important supports for the maintenance of special vehicle wheel system. Experiments show that this method can realize the fault diagnosis of wheel system for special vehicle equipments and fast on-line measurement, and provide strong support to maintain the intact rate of equipments.


Introduction The United States of America has a huge influence on the accounting standards in use around the world. The USA follows the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB), which has many standards that are disseminated by the international accounting standards committees. The rest of the world follows the International Accounting Standards Board (IASB). The IASB is head-quartered in London, England and is an independent and privately-funded accounting standard-setter (International accounting standards, 2010). The board consists of representatives from nine different countries and is designed to achieve convergence in accounting standards around the world (IASB international, 2010).


We study in detail the contribution of heavy composite Majorana neutrinos to neutrinoless double beta decay (0{nu}{beta}{beta}). Our analysis confirms the result of a previous estimate by two of the authors. Excited neutrinos couple to the electroweak gauge bosons through a magnetic-type effective Lagrangian. The relevant nuclear matrix element is related to matrix elements available in the literature and current bounds on the half-life of 0{nu}{beta}{beta} are converted into bounds on the compositeness scale and/or the heavy neutrino mass. Our bounds are of the same order of magnitude as those available from accelerator experiments. {copyright} {ital 1997} {ital The American Physical Society}


This paper presents a discussion of several advanced traveler information system (ATIS) concepts developed specifically for rural and small urban areas (less than 50,000 population) of the United States. Results of an extensive system analysis of those concepts are presented, followed by a series of recommendations for future top priority actions regarding applications of ATIS to rural and small urban areas. The concepts discussed in this paper address rural needs, such as the ability to call for emergency assistance in a remote area, provision of travel-related information in unfamiliar areas, and low-cost data collection systems. The system analysis task includes discussion of institutional, legal, and technical issues; proposed system architecture; and national implications of each concept. Based on the results of the system analysis task, a series of recommendations were developed for deployment of each concept. The recommendations fall into three basic categories of actions: illustrative deployment/operational test, prototyping, and research and development. Results presented in this paper are derived from recent work conducted under a national research project entitled "Rural Applications of ATIS." The research aims to find out ways to improve safety, mobility, and traveler information services in rural areas and is sponsored by the Federal Highway Administration. The project's objectives are to guide federal programs with respect to intelligent transportation systems (ITS) technologies in rural and small urban areas and to provide guidelines for ATIS implementation efforts by state and local government agencies in meeting rural and small urban area traveler's information needs.


The case study pertains to the methods such as nondestructive, semi-destructive, chemical, electrochemical and micro-analytical, utilized to assess the cause of cracking and spallation of a reinforced concrete building near to the eastern coastline of India. Cause of degradation of the structure is assessed to arrive at the appropriate repair methodology. From the analysis methods, direct cause of failure could not be attributed to a single cause since many factors co-exist such as structural cracking, carbonation and presence of chloride and the synergistic effect; hence concludes that an appropriate repair methodology has to be evolved to address each issue.


There are two important rituals in the building of a new home among Dong people : One is the opening ceremony of the new home,the other is the ritual of opening the "wealth door" of the new home.Little importance was attached to ritual songs,one of the two rituals due to a lack of understanding their cultural meaning.This paper probes the cultural meaning of the two rituals,hoping to help people have a better understanding of the connections between the two rituals and ritual songs.


The dynamics of the C+NO→CN+O and C+N2O→CN+NO reactions are reinvestigated using a pulsed supersonic crossed molecular beam apparatus. Laser vaporization of graphite at the exit of a pulsed nozzle is used to produce the atomic carbon beam. Laser induced fluorescence spectra of the CN scattered product have been obtained for both reactions.


To access the videos throughout this manual please download a QR reader App. The Checkpoint ® Nerve Stimulator Locator is a single-use, sterile device intended to provide electrical stimulation of exposed motor nerves or muscle tissue to locate and identify nerves and to test nerve and muscle excitability. Do not use the Checkpoint Nerve Stimulator when paralyzing anesthetic agents are in effect, as an absence of inconsistent response to stimulation may result in inaccurate assessment of nerve and muscle function. For a complete list of warnings and precautions regarding the use of the Stimulator, please see www.checkpointsurgical.com This manual is designed to guide the diagnosis and treatment of nerve injuries. The manual is not intended to replace sound clinical judgment or meticulous surgical technique. Preface Why make a manual solely devoted to nerve repair in the brachial plexus and upper extremity? This answer is simple; find a perplexing problem and simplify it. The diagnosis of nerve injury produces confusion, myth, and misperception. The field of nerve injury crosses many specialties including neurology, neurosurgery, plastic surgery, physiatry, orthopedic surgery, and therapy. These areas of medicine publish in different arenas and present in dissimilar venues. These specialties infrequently interact and therefore critical information that may enhance the diagnosis and treatment of nerve injuries is not shared. In addition, the quagmire of misinformation and the magnitude of unsubstantiated treatment modalities are overwhelming for clinicians and patients. The unvetted material on the internet has potentiated the problem of " publishing " unreliable information. Hence, unproven and unsupported treatment regimens are propagated and applied to treat patients with nerve injuries. These modalities often delay treatment and miss a window of opportunity to intervene and truly improve outcome. The goal of this manual is to simplify and demystify nerve injuries based upon our current understanding of anatomy, injury, treatment, and outcome. This knowledge is derived from the credible peer reviewed literature and twenty years of experience examining, treating, and operating on patients with nerve injuries. These patients have been informative and vital to enlighten my understanding of nerve injuries from diagnosis thru treatment. Their participation in the " practice of medicine " has been invaluable and instrumental in my learning during my career as a nerve surgeon. Their contributions must be recognized and appreciated as their willingness to discuss, interpret, and express their thoughts has been priceless. The goal of this project is to produce a …


The term 'postmodernism' is ubiquitous in current cultural debate, but its meanings are difficult to grasp. This is consistent with the deconstructed, fragmented, fleeting versions of the world to which postmodernist cultural commentators allude. This book provides an excellent survey of the main areas of discourse and issues within postmodernism.


Example embodiments provide a method of measurement results reported by the UE and the UE of the present invention can timely and accurately report a measurement result to the base station, to improve the continuity of the UE communication. The UE reports the measurement result, comprising: determining a moving speed state of the UE, determining the measurement parameter according to the moving speed state; determined according to the measurement parameters, the UE acquires the measurement period; the measurement period within a cell to obtain a measurement result, the measurement results reported by the base station serving the UE. The present invention is applicable to the measurement result reported by the UE.


Based on the fuzzy characteristic of the pulse state and syndromes differentiation thinking mode of TCM, an information fusing recognition method of pulse states based on SFNN (Stochastic Fuzzy Neural Network) is presented in this paper. With the learning ability in parameters and structure, SFNN fuses the measurement information of three pulse-state sensors distributed in Cun, Guan, and Chi location of body for the pulse state recognition. The experimental results show that the percentage of correct recognition with new method is higher than that by single-data recognition one, with fewer off-line train numbers.


We have investigated immunoiogical corss・reactivity among aqueous pollen extracts from six species ef fruit trees: cherry t'.Pruntts avium), Yoshine cherry (Pntnus yedoensis), peach <Pranus Persica),Japanese apricot (Prttnus m#ine), pear (f)'rtts se rotina), and app]e (imtus Pumdo), by means of RAST test, RAST inhibition test, agar double immunodiffusien test, crossed imTnunoelectrophoresis <CIEI) and tandem CE, Sera obtained from patients allergic to cherry peilen strongly reacted with the allergens of the polien extracts within the cherry genus, and weakly with the pear subfamiIy. On the other hand, sera from patients with apple pallinosis strongly reacted with the extracts of the pear subfamily, and weakly with the cherry genus. The results obtained frorn the anal\sis of sera frem irnmunized rabbits were similar to those of sera from patients allergic to cherry or apple pollen. In the agar immunodiffusien test, little precipitate was formed the extracts of fruit tree potlens and antisera against Japanese cedar and coekstoot pollens, In the CIE analysis, 12 precipitates were observed frorn the aqueous extract of cherry pe11en and the rabbit antiserum to cherry peilen. Twe of the precipltates moved to the cathode and the others to the anode. In the extract of apple pollen and the antiserum to


In the paper we determine the transient electromagnetic field in a conducting tubular workpiece placed -in external longitudinal sine-shaped magnetic field using the solution of Bessel equation in the cylindrical co-ordinates, and also applying the integral Laplace transform. The resulting equations are the basis for calculation and graphs of space-time distributions, attenuation and diffusion of the magnetic field strength and the current density in the tubular workpiece. The resulting equations can be used to describe volume density of the power lost in the tubular workpiece and to determine the equivalent parameters of the inductor-tubular work system.


The goal of this study was to investigate the effect of learning core fundamental nursing skills with Social Network Service (SNS) on the learning satisfaction, self-efficacy, and core fundamental nursing skills of nursing students. This study is quasi-experimental study has a non-equivalent control group. The participants of this study were seventy-six junior nursing students placed into experimental (39) and control (37) groups at a regional university. This study selected tracheostomy care as a training item. The intervention concentrated on interactive communication and feedback between instructors and learners using SNS. Through the intervention, the group with SNS showed statistically significant improvement regarding learning satisfaction and self-efficacy. In addition, the experimental group showed significantly higher improvement than the control group regarding self-efficacy. Therefore, learning core fundamental nursing skills using SNS can be an effective way of improving nursing students' learning satisfaction and self-efficacy.


Introduction Fixed Dose Combination of drugs is defined by FDA and USA is "a product composed of any combination of drug and a device or a biological product and a device or a drug and a biological product or a drug, device, and a biological producet" [1]. FDCs are the combination of two or more drugs combined and which are made into single dosage from. Selection of drugs based on their chemistry, pharmacokinetics and dynamics. But drug interactions are one of the important aspects in the FDCs [2]. e major advantage of FDCs is reducing the pill taking burden and cost effective also. ese FDCs are useful when the dosage of each drug meets the therapeutic effect in the desired number of population. FDCs should show the better effect than single drugs given separately for the treatment of disease. ere is increased utilization of FDCs in India from last few years. FDCs have own advantages and disadvantages. When the dosage of two drugs not reached desired effect such FDCs are not useful in the treatment of patients [3, 4]. In addition there can be real clinical benefits when FDCs are used than single drugs. FDCs will be low cost compared to single drugs usage. FDCs are mainly used in the treatment of infections and metabolic disorders. Single drug usage can develop the resistance, but usage of FDCs reduces the development of resistance [5]. Risk and benefit ratio also considered when FDCs prescribed. e present question based study was conducted to evaluate the awareness about FDCs in medical students.


Studies on homework have often focused on the links between amount of homework and academic achievement, with mixed results. Some researchers have indicated a positive relationship, some negative, and some have reported no relationship (Cooper, Lindsay, Nye & Greathouse 1998; Cooper & Valentine 2001). However, only a few studies have explored the links between homework and well-being (e.g., Kouzma & Kennedy 2002). We were interested in further examining this link, particularly in suburban schools, where many students experience stress over schoolwork (Galloway, Pope & Osberg 2007; Pope 2001; Lucile Packard Foundation 2006). Though research is limited on the relationship between homework and well-being, more research has been conducted on the links between students' approach to learning (known as goal orientation) and their well-being. Recent studies show that adopting a mastery goal orientation, where students seek to learn and improve, is linked to learning, and feelings of hope and pride in their work; and that adopting a performance approach goal orientation, where students seek to outperform others, can also be associated with feelings of pride (Pekrun, Elliot, & Maier 2006). However, in suburban schools, the pressure to excel and get into selective colleges may particularly


Through the development and implementation of a trauma-sensitive comprehensive school counseling program, school counselors can be essential in meeting the mental health needs of youth in foster care. The multitiered systems of support (MTSS) framework is one potential strategy in achieving this goal. We offer recommendations on how school counselors might deliver a trauma-informed care approach utilizing the MTSS framework to support the mental health needs of youth in foster care who have experienced trauma.


Extra-anatomic bypass (EAB), usually in the form of axillofemoral grafting, has become the preferred method for distal revascularization during the management of sepsis involving the aorta and its grafts. Mycotic aortic aneurysms and aortic graft infections, once nearly uniformly lethal, now have at least a possibility of salvage by means of aortic ligation, excision and drainage of the septic focus, and insertion of long subcutaneous plastic grafts from the axillary artery to the femoral vessels at both groins, usually at a separate operation. However, we have recently cared for a patient whose course demonstrates that EAB is by no means a panacea for problems resulting from prosthetic vascular grafting in the face of sepsis. This case report is intended as a cautionary note urging ongoing vigilance against infection of EAB grafts despite their location in uninvolved tissue planes far from the original septic focus.


Functional predominance of the left cerebral hemisphere with regard to both handedness and speech has usually been assumed to be due to some underlying neural specialization that is predetermined and inborn. However, data from left-handed individuals and animal experiments, together with a consideration of the effects of natural selection on brain and behaviour during hominid evolution, are incompatible with such an explanation. A critical reexamination of the relevant nonhuman and human evidence suggests that although the development of a cerebral lateralization for speech and handedness is dependent on both genetic and environmental factors, the specific role of inborn and postnatal influences is very different. This has significant implications for a fundamental revision of current theory and research orientation.


Currently looking for a source of bioactive substances that provide stability to the health of people who daily threatened by food consumption that generate free radicals, highly damaging for welfare, recent studies prove it. It is known that the habanero pepper (Capsicum chinense) contains bioactive compounds and the highest concentration of these is found in the fruit of the plant. Therefore, and based on the fact that all organs are part of the plant, it can be inferred that the inedible organs have the presence of bioactive compounds. Also it is noteworthy that in growing habanero pepper only used the fruit, while the rest of the plant generates waste that ultimately cause pollution. Based on the above, the aim of this work is to determine the potential bioactive in leaves of habanero pepper (Capsicum chinense) to which we applied hydrogen peroxide as elicitor. Quantified total phenols, flavonoids, capacity antioxidant, plant height and diameter of the stem. The results showed that the application of hydrogen peroxide did not significantly increase the amount of bioactive leaves. However, it was determined that Habanero leaves contain bioactive compounds and antioxidant capacity although at lower levels than those found in the fruit but in amounts greater than other species of plants.