Objective: To explore the application value of 64-slice spiral CT with dual-path injection angiography in diagnosis of the Budd-Chiari syndrome.Methods:Retrospectively analysis of the general information of 20 patients with Budd-Chiari syndrome were performed,who were scanned by 64-slice spiral CT with dual-path injection angiography.Results:7 cases simply involved inferior vena cava,5 cases involved hepatic vein,and 4 cases showed inferior vena cava with hepatic vein involvement,4 cases were with inferior vena cava thrombosis and stenosis of external pressure.Compared with DSA,the CTA results were positively correlated with the DSA results(r value=0.966).12 cases had typical spot-like enhancement,3 cases had no significant spot-like enhancement,5 cases had no enhancement.Conclusion:64-slice spiral CT with dual-path injection angiography has clinical application value,and can show inferior vena cava and portal vein clearly in the same time.


An experiment to study the effect of cow urine applications and dosage of N fertilizer was conducted in Bondowoso, from February to April 2002. A factorial experiment consisted of two factors and the whole treatments were arranged in 3x4 factorial Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with 3 replications. The first factor was urine of Cow, consist of U 0 = control, U 1 = 20%, U = 40%. The second factor was dosage of N fertilizer, consist of N 1 = 0 kg/ha, N 2 = 150 kg/ha, N 3 = 300 kg/ha, N 4 = 450 kg/ha. The effect of treatments on growth and yield of cucumber were observed. The result showed that there was no interaction between cow urine application and dosage of N fertilizer, except to the fruit diameter. Cow urine application significantly improved the yield of Cucumber, and the 40% application gave the best fruits weight. Dosage of N fertilizer significantly increased the growth and yield of cucumber, and the 450 kg N-fertilizer/ha had the better effects.


Purpose: The purpose of this study is to estimate the change in color stability of maxillofacial silicon after exposing it to natural weathering and disinfection using neutral soap (shampoo). Material and Methods: 60 specimens were prepared from addition linking vinyl polydimethyl siloxane and divided into 3 groups (n=20). The specimens were then conditioned differently as follows, Group I: Dark room storage (control group); Group II: Neutral soap disinfection; Group III: Outdoor natural weathering for 2 months. The color changes of the specimens were measured using a Reflective spectrophotometer (X-Rite, model RM200QC, Neu-Isenburg, Germany) using the Commission Internationale de I'Eclairage (CIE).5 The measurements were taken after 1 month then after two months (follow up period). Results: There was insignificance increase in color change in neutral soap (shampoo) group. There was significance increase in color change in natural weathering group. In addition, there was significance difference between groups after 1 month and two months. Conclusions: Exposure to outdoor natural weathering and the disinfection with neutral soap (shampoo) causes color alteration of the maxillofacial silicone.


Despite high success rates following total knee arthroplasty (TKA), knee kinematics are altered following TKA. Additionally, many patients report that their reconstructed knee does not feel 'normal' [1], potentially due to the absence of the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL), an important knee stabilizer and proprioceptive mechanism. ACL-retaining implants have been introduced with the aim of replicating native knee kinematics, however, there has yet to be a detailed comparison between knee kinematics in the native knee and one reconstructed with an ACL-retaining implant. Six fresh-frozen right legs (77±10 yr, 5 male) were mounted in a kinematic rig and subjected to squatting (40°-105°) motions. The vertical positon of the hip was manipulated with a linear actuator to induce knee flexion while the quadriceps were loaded with an actuator to maintain a vertical load of 90 N at the ankle [2]. Medial/lateral hamstring forces were applied with 50 N load springs. During testing, an infrared camera system recorded the trajectories of spherical markers rigidly attached to the femur and tibia. Two trials were performed per specimen. Following testing on the native knee, specimens were implanted with an ACL-retaining TKA (Vanguard XP, Zimmer Biomet) and all trials were repeated. Three inlay thicknesses were tested to simulate optimal balancing as well as over- (1 mm thicker) and understuffing (1 mm thinner) relative to the optimal thickness. Pre-operative computed tomography scans allowed identification of bony landmarks and marker orientation, which were used define anatomically relevant coordinate systems. The recorded marker trajectories were transformed to anatomical translations/rotations and resampled at increments of 1° of knee flexion. Translations of the medial and lateral femoral condyle centers were scaled to maximum anterior-posterior (AP) width of the medial and lateral tibial plateau, respectively. For all kinematics, statistical analysis between knee conditions was conducted using repeated measures ANOVA in increments of 10° knee flexion. Internal rotation of the tibia was significantly lower (p Preservation of the cruciate ligaments during total knee arthroplasty may allow better physiologic representation of knee kinematics. The implants tested in this study were able to replicate kinematics of the native knee, except for tibial rotation and AP position of the medial femoral condyle in early knee flexion. Interestingly, the impact of inlay thickness was generally small, suggesting some tolerance in the choice of inlay thickness.


ABSTRACT This paper seeks to understand the complex values held by those involved in Protected Area and World Heritage stewardship. Using IUCN Protected Area categories, a values framework is developed and applied to demonstrate how values guide stewardship in protected areas. In-depth interviews with key tourism operators, public sector managers and other stakeholders from the iconic World Heritage Site and tourism destination, Australia's Great Barrier Reef (GBR) reveal how shifting ideologies and government policies increased pressures on nature, resulting in new alliances between stewards from the tourism sector and national and international organisations. These alliances were built on shared nature conservation values and successfully reduced increasing development pressures. Three distinct phases in this process emerged at the GBR, which were driven by personal values held by tourism industry representatives, and their recognition of tourism's reliance on nature for business success. Changing mainstream ideologies and political values can erode World Heritage and Protected Areas, and recalibrate values – including the universal values on which World Heritage Sites depend – towards more anthropocentric interpretations. The values framework presented here could be a powerful tool for stewards involved in conservation to remind those who merely manage and govern of the original nature-focused values.


Application of pesticides in the garden cabbage can cause negative effects harmful to the environment and living things. The objectives of this research were to get species of fungi from the soil in the gardens of cabbage contaminated with pesticide residues in Subdistrict Modoinding. Isolation of fungi using dilution plate method with serial dilutions of 10 -2 to 10 -5 on Potato Dextrose Agar (PDA). Of the five soil treatments in the gardens of cabbage obtained 76 isolates of the fungus. Isolates of soil fungi that were successfully identified macroscopically and microscopically. These fungal isolates included in 13 families and 22 species. Fungal species according to the following families: Endomycetaceae (Geotrichum candidum), Trichocomaceae (Penicillium citrinum, Aspergillus fumigatus, Aspergillus nidulans, Paecilomyces lilacinus, Aspergillus foot cell, Aspergillus sydowii, Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus terreus and Aspergillus niger), Sordariaceae (Chrysonilia sitophila), Mucoraceae (Mucor hiemalis), Pleurostomataceae (Pleurostmophora richardsiae), Hypocreaceae (Gliocladium virens), Pythiaceae (Phytophthora infestans), Chaetomiaceae (Humicola fuscoatra), Eremomycetaceae (Arthrographis cuboidea), incertae sedis (Scytalidium lignicola), Bionectriaceae (Gliocladium roseum) and Arthrodermataceae (Microsporum audouinii). Retrieved four species with the fastest growing colonies are from Family Sordariaceae (Chrysonilia sitophila), Family Endomycetaceae (Geotrichum candidum), Family Trichocomaceae (Penicillium citrinum (IJ2) and Family Trichocomaceae (Aspergillus fumigatus)(IJ3).


Stevia rebaudiana is considered a valuable natural sweetener and medicinal plant containing sweetener compounds in its leaves. Nowadays, plant drugs are frequently considered to be free from side effects and less toxic than the synthetic one, for that people and some pharmacological companies are heading to the herbal medicine. Thus, to meet the increased demand for raw material of this medicinal herb, I described in this study an efficient regeneration protocol using shoot tip and nodal explants and different PGRs on MS medium for healthy biomass production. The optimum shoot growth with a high number without callus formation was obtained using MS medium in the presence of 1.0 mgL-1 BA after 6 weeks which shows (4.06-4.46) shoot buds/explant after 6 weeks. The combination of 1.0 mg L-1 BA with 0.5 mg L-1 IBA was found to be best combination for shoot multiplication that recorded 6.66 shoots/explant with 4.46 cm shoot length. Healthy elongated shoots were harvested and then cultured on half strength MS basal salts medium without vitamins medium in the presence of different concentrations of IBA and NAA individual or in combination with IAA or 2,4-D. Moreover, the optimum root growth with high roots number (4.46) with (76.6 %) root formation was observed using 1.0 mg L-1 IBA on half strength MS medium. Therefore, well-developed healthy in vitro rooted plantlets after 6 weeks were successfully acclimatized and they grew as normal plants in the greenhouse.


By the improved adaptive of genetic algorithm, the genetic operators that have adaptability at any time can be obtained, and the premature convergence problem of the traditional genetic algorithm have been overcomed. Then, the location of each storage in the warehouse has been defined by the serial number method, and the model of stacker to pick has been established. Finally, the adaptive genetic algorithm has been adopted to improve the initial path and get the optimal solution. In addition, a simulation has been conducted by the Matlab Genetic Algorithms Box to show that this algorithm is more quickly and efficiently.


In order to lighten abrasion of braking system of hybrid electric tracked vehicle, according to characteristic of hybrid electric transmission, electric-mechanical composite braking method was proposed. By means of analyzing performance of electric braking and mechanical braking and three-segment composite braking strategy, two-segment electric-mechanical composite braking strategy was put forward in this paper. Simulation results of Matlab/Simulink indicated that the two-segment electric-mechanical composite braking strategy might reduce the demand of mechanical braking force and was well applied.


Solar flat plate collector with a triple-glazed cover was designed and constructed using locally available materials. The design was an upgrade of the existing double-glazed flat plate collector available at Sokoto Energy Research Center, Sokoto. The solar energy penetrates through the glass cover and is received by the absorber plate, which is coated black in order to absorb as much thermal energy as possible. The heat energy supposed to escape the collector after received in the collector is then trapped by the glass cover of up to three layers which serve as a good insulator, thereby reducing the heat loss. Some design parameters were done considering the geographical location of the test site. The collector has a dimension of 90 cm X 100cm, poly urethane foam was used for insulating the collector, the absorber plate was painted with a black dull paint with the emissivity of 0.95. The collector was able to heat up to a temperature of 55.9 0 C, and the system efficiency was 14 % which is much better than the conventional flat plate collector with double glazing whose efficiency was 11.1 percentage.


This essay centers on the concept of articulation, beginning from the work of its major contemporary theorists—Ernesto Laclau, Chantal Mouffe, and Stuart Hall. Articulation theory conceptualizes th...


This paper analyzed the characters of off-line full update method and on-line incremental update method. Then it introduced a successful example named ActMap (Actual and Dynamic Map) using on-line incremental update method,and described the applied related new mechanism and technical method. Finally,based on the comparison of the two methods,it concluded that the on-line incremental update method is main technique trend of updating the electronic map for vehicle navigation.


According to the problem of the position error of 80 mm × 60 mm small capacitive touch plane,a way of changing the boundary resistance by designing electrode structure is introduced.Three electrode structure types of touch planes are simulated by Maxwell 2D.The simulation results indicate that the centric effective area of the(a)-CTP,the(b)-CTP and the(c)-CTP are 54 mm × 40 mm,60 mm × 50 mm and 68 mm × 36 mm,respectively,and the linearity of these are 0.85%,0.61% and 0.72% respectively.The experiment result shows the way can enhance the linearity of CTP.


The crystal polymorphism of isotactic poly(5-methyl-hexene-1) (P5MHex1) is reexamined on the basis of new data: electron diffraction of solution- and thin film-grown single crystals, fiber patterns from stroked films. Preliminary crystal structures are determined by conformational analysis and packing energy minimization. A crystal structure initially described as orthorhombic (Corradini, P.; Eur. Polym. J. 1970, 6, 1201) is actually a frustrated, chiral phase with a trigonal unit-cell (a = b = 17.62 A, c = 6.33 A, γ = 120°, space group P31 or P32). Analogies between the structures of isotactic P5MHex1 and poly(5-methyl-heptene-1) reported by Corradini et al. suggest that the latter polymer has also a frustrated structure. The frustrated character is lost upon heating. The high temperature form is best described as a one chain, trigonal unit-cell with probably significant side chain mobility (a=b = 10.17 A, c = 6.33 A, γ = 120°, space group P31 or P32). Interconversion on heating and cooling between the f...


Acetic acid bacteria (AAB) produce acetic acid but are also gaining importance as safe microorganisms for producing extracellular polysaccharides (EPSs). The best-known homopolysaccharides among them are cellulose and levan. In addition, acetic acid bacteria also produce heteropolysaccharides, water-soluble acetans. Isolates from the broth of organic and conventional apple cider vinegar production were screened for biofilm production. Phenotypic and genomic diversity of EPS-producing isolates was assessed. The diversity of phenotypically different EPSs of apple cider vinegar isolates was investigated at the gene level for the following novel strains: Komagataeibacter (K.) melomenusus SI3083, K. oboediens SI3053, K. pomaceti SI3133, and Gluconacetobacter (Ga.) entanii SI2084. Strain K. melomenusus SI3083 possesses cellulose operons bcs1, bcs2, and bcs4 together with the type I acetan cluster in the absence of the levan operon, strain K. oboediens SI3053 has the operons bcs1, bcs2, bcs3, and bcs4, the levan operon, and the acetan cluster (type I), and the strains K. pomaceti SI3133 and Ga. entanii SI2084 both contain recently described novel ace-type II cluster in addition to the incomplete operon bcs1. A comparison of the genetic diversity of these EPSs to those of the reference strains suggests that the studied EPSs are not species-descriptive. The results of this study deepen our understanding of the genetic variability of the EPS genes in AAB, thereby enabling us to better characterize and exploit the various insoluble and soluble exopolysaccharides produced by AAB for biotechnological applications in the future


Abstract The method of moments is used with and without a width-correction technique to solve the advection of a passive scalar. The method of moments is free of numerical dispersion but suffers from numerical diffusion (damping). In order to assess the effect of the width-correction procedure on reducing numerical diffusion, both versions are used to advect a passive scalar in straight-line and rotational wind fields. Although the width-correction procedure reduces numerical diffusion under some circumstances, the unmodified version of the second-moment procedure is better suited as a general method.


Abstract It was demonstrated the possibility that the spontaneous spike in the guinea pig taenia caecum was due to Ca++ entry, when Na+ in the bath fluid was reduced or abolished (1-3). Furthermore, in Na+-free (tris) solution acetylcholine slightly depolarized the membrane but no change in spike frequency was observed (4). The aim of this paper is to study the effects of a reduction in external Na+ concentration on the actions of acetylcholine, histamine, 5-hydroxytryptamine and oxytocin on smooth muscle preparations.


In this paper a carbon ionic liquid electrode (CILE) was fabricated by using ionic liquid 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium ethylsulphate ([EMIM]EtOSO 3 ) as the modifier and further used as the working electrode for the sensitive anodic stripping voltammetric detection of Pb 2+ . The characteristics of the CILE were investigated by cyclic voltammetry (CV) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). In pH 4.5 NaAc-HAc buffer Pb 2+ was accumulated on the surface of CILE due to the extraction effect of IL and reduced at a negative potential (-1.20 V). Then the reduced Pb was oxidized by differential pulse anodic stripping voltammetry with an obvious stripping peak appeared at -0.67 V. Under the optimal conditions Pb 2+ could be detected in the concentration range from 1.0 x 10 -8 mol/L to 1.0 x 10 -6 mol/L with the linear regression equation as I p (μA) = -0.103 C (μmol/L) + 0.0376 (y = 0.999) and the detection limit as 3.0 x 10 -9 mol/L (3σ). Interferences from other metal ions were investigated and Cd 2+ could be simultaneously detected in the mixture solution. The proposed method was further applied to the trace levels of Pb 2+ detection in water samples with satisfactory results.


By application of hydro environmental model EFDC of Hydroqual Co.in Nangang of Yangtze estuary,temporal and special variation of chemical oxygen demand(COD) distribution was obtained by setting up a 3D water quality calculation.Also field observation data were available and compared with the numerical results.It is concluded in dry season and neap tide concentration of COD is much higher than in flood season and high tide,also prove the EFDC model is of satisfactory accuracy in water quality modeling of Yangtze estuary.


In autoclave processing, the temperature distribution of mold is important to the curing quality and performance of composite. The scale and complex structure of the mold have a great influence on heat transfer efficiency, which result in no uniform temperature field of the mold. Therefore, a method of heat transfer compensation is proposed, in which a "heat conducting fin" with high heat conductivity is installed in the section with slower heating process of the mold to improve the heat transfer efficiency of the mold and hot air, and to determine the structural size, quantity and reasonable installation position of "heat conducting fins" by combining CFD with heat transfer calculation. The results show that, combined with the typical panel mold, the heat transfer efficiency of the local section of the mold can be effectively improved by optimizing "heat conducting fin", the maximum temperature difference of the mold surface is reduced by 15.1%, and the temperature gradient along the axial direction of the mold is decreased.


The purpose of this thesis is to explore the methods to solve the tensor completion problem. Inspired by the matrix completion problem, the tensor completion problem is formulated as an unconstrained nonlinear optimization problem, which finds three factors that give a low-rank approximation. Various of iterative methods, including the gradient-based methods, stochastic gradient descent method and the alternating least squares method, were applied to solving tensor completion problem, and were analyzed in case of taking the squared loss with L2 regularization as the loss function. Aiming at the large-scale problem, the author proposed for each of these methods a parallelization strategy. Numerical experiments using synthetic data and real world benchmark demonstrated the speedup of the parallelization, and compared the relative performance as well as the scalability of these methods. The results suggests that both stochastic gradient descent method and alternating least squares method have advantages in solving the large-scale tensor completion problem.


This study uses shipborne cloud radar and surface radiation measurements collected over the Southern Ocean to characterize the cloud frequency, cloud fraction, and cloud radiative effects on the ocean surface. These cloud and radiative properties are also used to evaluate a regional forecast model. Low‐level clouds, either alone or cooccurring with cloud layers aloft, are present ~ 77% of the time in this data set. These clouds either had a very low or a very high cloud fraction at 12 km horizontal resolution, with about half of the clouds characterized by a cloud fraction higher than 80%. Overall, shortwave surface cooling effect dominates longwave heating, with an estimate net radiative cooling of −22 W m−2, resulting from a −71 W m−2 shortwave cooling and a +49 W m−2 longwave heating. A strong relationship between daily surface cloud radiative effect and daily low‐level cloud fraction is found, which, if confirmed with a larger data set, could be exploited in satellite retrievals or model parameterizations for the Southern Ocean. The regional model underestimates the frequency of low‐level clouds but largely overestimates the frequency of multilayer situations. The associated radiative errors are large and complex, including reduced surface radiative cooling due to low‐level clouds compensated by enhanced surface cooling in multilayer situations.


FIELD: chemistry. SUBSTANCE: method of degassing an aromatic polymer with an alkylene group is described, in which: a) a product aromatic polymer with an alkylene group in form of a mass of molten polymer is provided, also containing an aromatic monomer with an alkylene group, b) the mass of molten polymer is fed to a first degassing step to obtain a first gaseous stream containing an aromatic monomer with an alkylene group and oligomers, and a second stream containing the remaining part of the mass of molten polymer, c) water is added to the second stream as a washing substance to obtain a third stream containing the remaining part of the mass of molten polymer and water, d) the third stream is fed to a second degassing step to obtain a fourth gaseous stream containing water, an aromatic monomer with an alkylene group and oligomers, and a fifth stream containing a degassed mass of molten polymer, e) the fourth gaseous stream is fed to a separation step to obtain a sixth stream containing water and an aromatic monomer with an alkylene group, and a seventh stream containing oligomers, f) the sixth stream is fed to the separation step to separate an eighth stream containing water and a reduced amount of aromatic monomer with an alkylene group from a ninth stream containing the remaining part of the aromatic monomer with an alkylene group, g) the eighth stream is fed for azeotropic stripping in a stripping column in vacuum conditions using water vapour to obtain an overhead product stream containing water vapour and the main part of the aromatic monomer with an alkylene group which, together with the sixth stream, is fed to the separation step (f), and a bottom product stream containing water and a reduced amount of the aromatic monomer with an alkylene group, at least part of which is returned to step (c) as the washing substance. EFFECT: reduced amount of water for recycling, reduced consumption of feed water used as the washing substance. 7 cl, 1 dwg, 1 ex


The paper is devoted to the modeling of high-performance multiprocessor architecture for data processing systems used to solve problems with an expandable calculations' area. The proposed system is characterized by high reliability and high energy efficiency. The system contains a separate reconfigurable network for the exchange of data between computing nodes, managed switches. The system also provides network booting nodes and redundancy mechanism of key components.


Editor: Fungal peritonitis is a serious complication of continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD). Candida species are the usual pathogens (1); however, other fungi are known to cause peritonitis. We report a case of Rhodotorula mucilaginosa peritonitis associated with CAPD, occurring as part of a polymicrobial infection. Treatment was with a course of intraperitoneal (IP) antibiotics and oral antifungals, without removal of the catheter. A 69-year-old male farmer with renal failure due to glomerulonephritis had been on CAPD for 1 year. He accidentally punctured a CAPD bag, which he subsequently used. He presented a day later with CAPD peritonitis. Two CAPD bags were sent for examination on subsequent days. Treatment with vancomycin (IP) was given. The next day the second dialysate sample grew a gram-negative bacillus, later confirmed as Pantoea species, and he was given gentamicin IP. Removal of the Tenckhoff catheter was discussed with the patient, but he continued to improve and his dialysate cleared completely; it was decided to continue management with antimicrobial therapy. The yeast growing in both dialysate samples was identified as Rhodotorula mucilaginosa. The patient was discharged to complete a 14-day course of gentamicin IP and a 1-month course of oral ketoconazole. At follow-up 1 year later, he remained well. Rhodotorula species is an encapsulated yeast. It is rarely a pathogenic organism but there are reports of this fungus causing peritonitis (2,3). Culture of the yeast from two separate dialysate bags suggests it was not a contaminant. The treatment of fungal peritonitis often requires removal of the dialysis catheter; mortality is high and failure to return to CAPD common. Recent guidelines suggest that, for fungal peritonitis, a trial of treatment with antifungals should be considered (4). Our experience would support this opinion.


In this paper the factorization method from inverse scattering theory and impedance tomography is extended to a class of general elliptic differential equations in divergence form. The inverse problem is to determine the interface ∂Ω of an interior change of the material parameters from the Neumann‐Dirichlet map. Since absorption is allowed a suitable combination of the real and imaginary part of the Neumann‐Dirichlet map is needed to explicitely characterize Ω by the data. (© 2005 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)


In "Too Close For Comfort? The Impact of Official Aid on Nongovernmental Organizations," Michael Edwards and David Hulme (1996) poignantly elaborate on the pitfalls of a success story. Nongovernmental organizations (NGOs) and grassroots organizations (GROs) start constituting themselves in the 1970s. They struggle through a period of scarce resources, political exclusion, and skepticism from state bureaucrats. They survive. Then, their destiny takes a sudden turn in the 1980s. Whatever NGOs and GROs stood and struggled for over the last two decades-efficiency, cost-effectiveness, closer-to-the-people-is high in demand. They gain momentum. The "New Policy Agenda" (Edwards & Hulme, 1996) awards them further prominence and paves the way for increased government funding. They increase in number and size.


There has recently been a requirement for constructive structures to be efficiently maintained and managed. As another big issue for steel bridges in railways, on the other hand, there is a subject on how to suppress acoustic noises as well as the life prolongation. As a countermeasure for life-extension and noisereduction of such structures, revamping of existing steel bridges into composite structures is now under investigation. A shift to a composite structure is to proceed with an action to place a complementary member such as a concrete panel onto the existing steel girder for the purpose of preventing it from having corrosion, improving the beam stiffness, reducing the stress-amplitudes at the time of a response to active forces, and consequently prolonging the fatigue life. Furthermore, consolidating the steel and concrete, on the other hand, acoustic noises caused by the steel member can also be reduced at the same time. Therefore, this research offers a new composite-revamping method for railway bridges by assuming composite remodeling process of existing steel bridges having no specific fissure damages or serious corrosions and effectively making use of relatively new materials to it. Effects of noise reduction and improved stiffness were further confirmed through hammer-impact tests (vibration-measurement tests) and loading tests in order to prove the efficacy of the composite remodeling.


We study how firms build relations with local governments in emerging markets without established rules of political lobbying. We document that following a turn- over of the Party Secretary or mayor of a city in China, firms (especially privately owned enterprises, POEs hereafter) headquartered in that city significantly increase their "perk spending," for example, expenses for travel and entertainment among others. Both the instrumental-variable-based results and heterogeneity analysis are consistent with the interpretation that the perk spending is used to build relations with local governments. In addition, we find that local political turnover in a city tends to be followed by changes of the Chairmen or the CEOs of state-owned enterprises that are controlled by the local government. We also discuss and rule out several alternative explanations for the above findings.


This paper is to evaluate the investment value of China's bank stocks based on Olson's residual income model. This analysis is intended for providing experience evidence for making rational investment decisions in China's bank stocks. The experience analysis results show that the investment value of stocks of China's listed companies in finance and insurance sector remained relatively stable, while there were frequent sharp fluctuations in the stock price, which deviated hugely from its investment value. What's more, there were more bubbles in the market. But in the long run, short-term bank stocks market bubble will eventually burst. Most of time, China's bank stocks market is characterized by rational bubbles, the rest of time by rational bubbles.


Objective:To evaluate the efficacy and tolerance of hyperthermia combined with chemotherapy in treatment of malignant pleural or pericardial effusion and as cites.Methods:All 86 cases were recurrent or metastatic cancer patients.49 cases had malignant pleural effusion,3 cases had malignant pericardial effusion and 40 cases had ascites.After drainage,one or two chemotherapeutic drugs such as DDP 50~100 mg,MMC 8~10 mg,5-Fu 1.0~1.5 g or THP-ADM 40 mg were injected into the pleural,pericardial or peritoneal cavity.By the time the patients' symptoms such as dysponea or abdominal distention relief,system chemotherapy began.Each time chemotherapy was followed by hyperthermia which maintained the cavity's temperature at 42 ℃ for 40~60 minutes.Hyperthermia was performed twice per week for 3~4 weeks(6 times at means).Then,the efficacy,quality of life and toxicities were evaluated.Results:The response rate was 87% in 49 cases with malignant pleural effusion and 76% in 50 cases with ascites and 100% in 3 cases with malignant pericardial effusion.The response rate was better in breast,lung,ovarian and digestive tract cancer patients with malignant pleural effusion or ascites.After combined treatment,the Karnofsky scores rised from 0% to 28% at 80~100 group and from 23% to 43% at 60~70 group,but there was no difference at 0~30 group.The main side effects of hyperthermia were local skin pain(17%) and fat necrosis(11%).Conclusion:Hyperthermia combined with chemotherapy is effective in the treatment of malignant pleural or pericardial effusion and ascites,and this treatment can improve the quality of life.The side effects are tolerable.


We examine the influences of intra-industry and inter-industry foreign direct investment (FDI) presence, financial constraints and technological uncertainty on the short-termism in innovation by using an industry-level panel data of Chinese large- and medium-size manufacturing enterprises during the period of 2000 to 2009. Innovation behaviour is conceptualised as a process of knowledge acquisition and knowledge creation from a learning perspective. The empirical results show that intra-industry and inter-industry FDI presence have strong influences on firms' short-termism in both knowledge acquisition and knowledge creation, while financial constraints and technological uncertainty only affect firms' short-termism in knowledge acquisition. Another interesting finding is that intra-industry FDI presence is negatively related to firms' short-termism in knowledge acquisition and positively related to firms' short-termism in knowledge creation.


An optimization model to the application of signal coordination for traffic arterials based on multi-group partition is proposed. The approach divides a large signalized arterial into subgroups with three to five signals in each subgroup according to actual traffic conditions. In each subgroup, signal coordination between neighboring intersections is built by a common cycle and offsets. A case study was presented to illustrate how the proposed approach could be applied, and the signal timing solutions were compared with the solutions from traditional signal coordination method using well-known TRANSYT-7F. Evaluation of the timing solutions using CORSIM simulator indicated that the proposed approach improved efficiencies for traffic arterials and reduced the vehicles' delay time.


An assembled type bamboo-aerated concrete combined structure comprises a prefabricated aerated concrete board (1), a bamboo beam (2), a perforated metal plate (3), adhesives (4) and pore-filling materials (5), wherein the prefabricated aerated concrete board (1) is located on the bamboo beam (2), the axes of the prefabricated aerated concrete board (1) and the bamboo beam (2) are parallel, the prefabricated aerated concrete board (1) and the bamboo beam (2) are identical in length, the bottom surface of the prefabricated aerated concrete board (1) is tightly connected with the top surface of the bamboo beam (2), and the prefabricated aerated concrete board (1) and the bamboo beam (2) are integrated through the perforated metal plate (3), the adhesives (4) and the pore-filling materials (5). According to the invention, the defects that bamboo structures are low in flexural rigidity, insufficient in spanning capacity, and the like are overcome. The assembled type bamboo-aerated concrete combined structure has the comprehensive advantages that the assembled type bamboo-aerated concrete combined structure is light and good in sound insulation performance, thermal insulation performance and earthquake resistance. In terms of implementation methods, industrial production is achieved favorably by the mounting process of the assembled type bamboo-aerated concrete combined structure, and the assembled type bamboo-aerated concrete combined structure is applicable to the field of civil construction structures.


Identification of neurobiological susceptibility to addictive disorders is an important issue of preventing psychoactive substance dependence. A key role in approaching this issue belongs to studying molecular neuroimmune mechanisms for neurotransmission regulation during development of addictive disorders. The aim of this study was to construct a pattern of changes in serum neurotransmitter autoantibodies during formation of psychoactive substance dependence using immunoassay. The system of antibodies to dopamine, norepinephrine, and glutamate changed during the development of psychoactive substance dependence and can be considered as a neuroimmune marker for identifying groups at risk of drug addiction.


DatalogMTL is an extension of the fundamental rule language Datalog with metric temporal operators over rational numbers, whose adoption is soaring within an increasing number of communities (semantic web, databases, stream data processing, temporal logic, knowledge graphs, etc.), which are more and more willing to handle temporal data and deal with temporal database queries as a consequence. Despite the rising research efforts towards new extensions of DatalogMTL, such as the fundamental support for aggregations, and the uprising systems, we still lack a corpus of benchmarks for temporal reasoning. This paper contributes iTemporal, an extensible generator of temporal benchmarks. Our system is able to generate a very broad set of benchmarks, thanks to a white-box configuration mechanism to control and stimulate the theoretical underpinnings of DatalogMTL and its extensions, such as temporal operators in the presence of full recursion and aggregations. We provide a comprehensive presentation of the system as well as an empirical evaluation of the benchmarks within two reference reasoners.


Severe acute kidney injury (AKI) requiring renal replacement therapy (RRT) is a serious clinical disorder in the intensive care unit (ICU), occurring in a substantial proportion of critically ill patients. The aim of our single centre retrospective observational study was to analyse the outcomes of patients admitted to a non-surgical ICU and treated with RRT and with/without continuous hemoperfusion with Cytosorb.

 One hundred critically ill patients (mean age, 64.3 years; 69 men) admitted to the ICU and requiring RRT for AKI were analysed. Patient demographics, concomitant diseases, type of RRT, and survival were obtained from the medical record. APACHE II and Sofa Scores on admission were calculated. 30-day mortality was assessed using Kaplan-Meyer or Cox proportional hazards models.

 Reasons for ICU admission were acute respiratory failure (39%), cardiopulmonary resuscitation (14%), shock (13%), acute coronary syndrome (9%), sepsis (3%), acute pancreatitis (3%), and other (19%). Prior comorbidities were hypertension (70%), diabetes (43%), heart failure (32%), chronic kidney disease (CKD) (30%), coronary artery disease (CAD) (27%), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) (15%), malignancies (12%). Eighty-six patients were treated with continuous RRT (CRRT) and 14 with intermittent hemodialysis (IHD). Twenty-four (24%) of patients treated with CRRT were also treated with hemoperfusion with Cytosorb. Using an independent-samples T test, we compared the two groups of patients with respect to the use of Cytosorb (Table 1). 30-day mortality was 82% in all patients and 87.5% in patients treated with CRRT and Cytosorb. Among concomitant diseases, only patients with previous heart failure had worse survival (p = 0.032), previous CKD, CAD, COPD, malignancy had no statistically significant impact. We found no statistically significant differences in 30-day mortality between patients treated with CRRT+Cytosorb and patients treated with CRRT or IHD alone. Multivariate Cox proportional hazard regression showed that of all the variables in the statistical model (age, sex, body mass index, previous diabetes, C-reactive protein, lactate, procalcitonin, serum creatinine, mean arterial pressure, APACHE II, ultrafiltration between CRRT), only lactate levels on admission (p = 0.002; 95%CI 1.08-1.38) were significant predictor of survival.

 The use of hemoperfusion with Cytosorb in ICU patients with AKI did not reduce 30-day mortality. Patients with prior heart failure had a worse outcome. Serum lactate levels at ICU admission were an independent highly prognostic factor for death within 30 days of admission.


Several microwave frequency synthesis technology schemes combined DDS and other frequency synthesis technology are introduced,and their advantages and disadvantages are compared.Based on the principle of up-conversion of quadrature modulation,a S-band DDS microwave frequency source design scheme is given.


Objective To explore the polymorphism of the 3 main genes of rennin angiotensin system,namely angiotensin Ⅱ type 1 receptor(AT1R) geneA1166C,angiotensin Ⅰconverting enzyme(ACE) gene insertion / deletion(I / D) and angiotensinogen(AGT) gene M235T,in IgA nephrophathy patients with renal damage.Methods Sixty-eight IgA nephropathy patients(IgA N group) were subdivided,according to glomerular filtration rate,into groups impaired kidney function(IKF,n =4),non-IKF(n =64).Seventy healthy subjects were enrolled as control group.Direct polymerase chain reaction and polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism were used to determine the genotypes of ACE geneI / D,AT1R gene A1166C,AGT gene M235T.Results There was significant difference in distribution frequency of ACE gene I / D genotype between groups IgA N and control(P 0.05),but there was no in distribution frequency of AT1R gene A1166C,AGT gene M235T genotype(P 0.05).There was difference in distribution frequency of ACE gene I / D genotype between groups IKF and non-IKF(P 0.05),but there was no in distribution frequency of AT1R gene A1166C,AGT gene M235T genotype(P 0.05).Conclusion ACE I / D polymorphism is related to IgA nephropathy development and kidney function damages.DD gene and D allele are predisposing factors of kidney function damages in IgA nephropathy patients.


Small cell networks are discussed as a standard part of the future heterogeneous networks. In this paper, we consider heterogeneous network which promises energy savings by deploying the femto cellular network and thereby reducing CO2 emissions and mainly concentrating on implementing directional antenna instead of omnidirectional antenna which radiates equally in all direction increases the electromagnetic pollution. The main aim of the paper is to use of horn antenna for femto cellular network which is used to reduce the unwanted radiation and it increases the efficiency of the communication. Keywords— co2 emission; small cell; gain; directivity; femto cell.


The noise of steam flow can be reduced through depressure, distribution and frequency regulation by means of combining small jet spray with throttling depressure. The effect is so well that the amount of noise can be reduced as much as 45 dB (A).


Summary form only given. Femtosecond laser plasmas have attracted much interest in recent years as intense short pulses x-ray sources in the keV range for a variety of applications, such as lattice dynamics of semiconductor materials. There would be many advantages to having high repetition rate (kHz) versions of this source, but for this the laser must be able to provide sufficient intensity, and it must be integrated with a debris-free, continuous target. We describe the first demonstration of a kHz femtosecond laser plasma source produced from a liquid metal jet target. With a 30 /spl mu/m diameter liquid Ga jet, this source produces photon numbers of up to 5 /spl times/ 10/sup 8/ photons/sec in 4/spl pi/ sterad using a kHz Ti:sapphire laser producing 50 fs-pulses with an energy of 1.8 mJ at a repetition rate of 1 kHz.


A quantitative structure activity relationship analysis was applied to a library of 51 benzylacetamide derivatives with anticonvulsant activity. The molecular structures of 51 compounds were optimized with the Semiempirical Method PM6 (Parametric Method-6) included in the MOPAC2009 software. The optimized structures of all the examined compounds were represented by 1497 DRAGON-type descriptors. Using multiple linear regression (MLR), the influence of constitutional, topological, electronic, physicochemical and quantum molecular descriptors on the activity was investigated. The validation of models were performed through the leave-one-out cross technique in conjunction with external validation. From different types of molecular descriptors, six new QSAR models were developed. The models using 0D descriptors (constitutional descriptors) and quantum descriptors do not have high statistical quality. The combination of 2D and 3D descriptors produce a model of high predictive quality (Rcal= 0.888; Scal= 0.195; Rval= 0.814; Sval=0.431; Rloo=0.867; Sloo=0.212). Results show the important role of electronic and topologic features of molecules on their anticonvulsant activity in relative to constitutional parameters.


In South Africa, home gardens are an important source of food and nutrition. Home gardens have established a traditional way of providing food and offer great potential for improving household food security as well as alleviating poverty. In a province like the Eastern Cape which is characterized by poverty and having high rate of unemployment, home gardening can help enhance household food security through direct access to nutritionally-rich fresh vegetables. This study was conducted to determine the manner that home gardens can be used as a strategy for poverty alleviation with the aim of addressing household food security in low income households (rural and urban areas) of Nkonkobe Local Municipality of Eastern Cape-South Africa. The assessment of food insecurity was done in both urban and rural areas of Nkonkobe Municipality with the aim of getting rural area's food security status. This was done by identifying the factors affecting food security in rural households. In an effort to identify the factors influencing food security, data was collected from 160 households from both rural and urban areas of the Nkonkobe Municipality. These households were selected using stratified random sampling. A questionnaire was administered to get primary data. The factors that influence food security among the sampled households were determined using a binary logistic regression model. The results showed that the statistically significant variables, at 5% level. Two variables were identified to be significant to food security and they are total income and home garden ownership.


Investigation into the spatial occurrence of wet season phytoplankton and zooplankton in Lagos lagoon, Nigeria was carried out in October, 2008 in 12 stations. A total of 36 species of phytoplankton from 21 genera, 20 zooplankton species from 17 genera and 10 juvenile forms were recorded for the study. The results showed that freshwater conditions within the lagoon were due to high freshwater inflow from adjoining waterways and reduced tidal incursion from the sea. The wet season spectrum of the lagoon was dominated by diatoms for the phytoplankton and copepods for the zooplankton. The presence and array of juvenile forms in the wet season suggest that the lagoon remain a sanctuary, nursery and breeding grounds for aquatic species Crustaceans dominated the spectrum of the juvenile forms.

 Keywords: Plankton, Physico-chemical characteristics, lagoon, juvenile forms, Lagos.


Urinary tract infection has change a basic challenge in human population. Antibacterial nanoparticles have turned over the new leaf in scientist's research.Ag/ZnOnanoparticleis synthesis in high temperature (5000C).FT-IR, XRD, SEM and TEM were used for determination of spectroscopic, structural and morphology of samples, respectively. Also the nanoparticlewas digested and analyzed by ICP-AES for determining the presence of residual chemical element in the nanoparticle. Bacterial sensitivity to nanoparticlewas commonly tested using by MIC and MBC tests. For achievement of in vivo tests, the renal of rats were injectedand then were infected with E.coli. After that, animals were divided to 9 treatment groupand the effect of three concentrations of MICandMBC; also intermediate concentrations of MICandMBC and each as a separate group, were studied.The particles size was less of 12nm, approximately. The MIC and MBC observed for Ag/ZnOwere 32μgml-1and 512μgml-1 for E.coli, respectively.Treatment with a concentration 512μgml1ofAg/ZnO nanoparticle in combination with Ciprofloxacin reduced severity of renal cortical thickness of pyelonephritis rats.The microscopic pathological examination indicated that there was no any severe Inflammation of renal tubules in the groups that had been treated with512μgml-1concentration of Ag/ZnO nanoparticlein combination with ciprofloxacin.In compared with the control groups.This study showed thatthe Ag/ZnO nanoparticle in cooperation with ciprofloxacin has great antimicrobial effect againstE.coli on renal damage of Pyelonephritis.


. . .If you go back to the nineteenth-century middle-class novelists who wrote about industrial life and who included often sympathetic, sometimes distorted but very responsive material from their observation of working class life, you will find them looking first at the textile mills, where a new form of social organization was visibly and dramatically present, so that instead of the old conditions of scattered hand-work where the workers might never be more than twos or threes, or a dozen or twenty at most, or would even still be working in homes inside the family, suddenly there was this new, vast social innovation of hundreds of workers under the same roof. This life in and around the textile mills accounts for more than three-quarters, I would say, of that early writing which acknowledged the existence of working people. They were the visible minority in what was of course, in general, the great majority of wage-earning people in the culture and society that was producing this writing. And then if you go on, you find that there are certain kinds of labour process which need a certain significant kind of close, even closed, community. And you find also that it is these communities which have been most prolific over a run of time, to our own day, in producing working-class novels: the mining areas, whether the coal mining areas or the quarries; or the tailoring sweatshops; or the shipyards or the docks: places where you are simultaneously a working man or woman, a member of a working class family in the simple, descriptive sense, but also a member of a working class community, often almost wholly a working class community like a mining village or a dockside urban district or a shipbuilding area or a textile town. Moreover these communities exist in a particular part of the country, Welsh or Geordie or Cockney or Clydeside, and because of this the whole spectrum of social relations comes at once in an integrated form. You only


Objective To improve the management process of the central sterile supply department,and enhance the efficiency of the management.Methods The major method of this study was lean management,which consisted of 5S management,visual management and pull inventory management.With these methods the process of central sterile supply department was improved.Results The problems that consisting of the waste of working process and the excess inventory of disposable products can be solved by introducing lean management,and the time of dressings bag production after lean management(370.15 ± 13.60) s was less than the time before lean management(654.50 ± 19.72) s,and the difference was statistically significant(P < 0.01),so the human resources was saved.Conclusions The practices proved that lean management can promote the scientific management of central sterile supply department,and improve the effectiveness and efficiency of disposable products management.

Key words:
Hospital management;  Central sterile supply department;  Process reengineering; Lean management


Did you ever hear of memory-work? There is no copyright on this term. You may associate it with a variety of practices in different contexts, probably within realms of disciplines like psychology and history. Yet there is a distinct method also called memory-work or, in fact, collective memory-work. This method is an educational alternative, something tangible, offering the promise of practical experience and self-determined investigative learning. It is used as a method of teaching and learning in third level education, e.g. teacher training and continuing professional development (see e.g., Witt-Low 1991; Mitchell & Weber, 1999; Norquay, 2008; Kaufman, 2008), and in a variety of other disciplines (e.g., Oinas, 1999; Berg, 2008; Widerberg, 2016). It has also been used in the training of educators in Germany and Austria (Ortner & Thuswald, 2012; Hamm, 2017). Nevertheless memory-work is still a method under the radar...


Messy - contentious - issues are everywhere in organisations. These issues appear differently to the players involved. There's no consensus as to what the problem is and no single way forward. Emotions can run strongly, although they are often masked as people strive to appear positive and onboard. Depending on your perspective, such issues can concern, for instance, stuck-change efforts; teamwork difficulties; performance shortfalls; silo behaviour; turf battles; problems to do with engagement, diversity, fairness, priorities, and directions...


This paper reports on the performance of a multichannel video fiber optic vestigial sideband (VSB) transmission experiment using commercially available equipment. The motivation behind such experiments is to make fiber optic systems more attractive in bringing video distribution services to the industrial or university campus. The on-going experiment consists of modulating up to eight different video channels onto a single fiber and characterizing the link in terms of distortion and noise.


Summary Hemangiomas are the most frequent vascular skin neoplasms, but there are no studies defining their frequency. Objectives: To determine the frequency of presentation in the different cutaneous hemangiomas in biopsy specimens submitted to our service, and to verify the level of clinicopathological correlation established in cutaneous hemangiomas. Methods: Archives of biopsy reports and specimens of any kind of cutaneous hemangiomas submitted in a ten year period. Results: In a ten year period, 18.142 biopsies were submitted, which 520 specimens (2.86%) belonging to the hemangioma category. The most frequent tumor was pyogenic granuloma (56.5%), followed by capillary hemangioma (17.5%), cherry hemangioma (10%) and venous hemangioma (7.1%). Other hemangiomas were less common. We found hobnail endothelial cells in pyogenic granuloma (n = 68), capillary hemangiomas (n = 6) and venous hemangiomas (n = 6). We described some mixed (collision tumors) hemangiomas.


ii DEDICATION v ACKNOWLEDGMENTS vi LIST OF TABLES x LIST OF FIGURES xii CHAPTER I. LITERATURE REVIEW AND INTRODUCTION SOFT SCALE INSECTS AND THEIR MANAGEMENT 1 Economic Importance 1 Life Cycle and Biology 8 Integrated Pest Management 15 Research Project 32 References Cited 34 II. LIFE HISTORY AND PHENOLOGY OF PARTHENOLECANIUM SPP. IN THE URBAN LANDSCAPES OF THE SOUTHEASTERN U.S. 104 Introduction 104 Materials and Methods 107 Results and Discussion 113 References Cited 127


The record of physical and chemical properties of the drinking spring-waters is essential to protect people's health and environment. The purpose of this study is to determine the concentrations of calcium and magnesium ions in the drinking spring-waters located in the town of Pitesti. These evaluations were achieved using the following methods: atomic absorption flame spectral analysis for calcium and magnesium; complexometric analysis with EDTA in the presence of the indicator mixture green-murexide with naphthol B for calcium; visual absorption spectrophotometry analysis for magnesium. The evaluation of the concentrations of calcium and magnesium ions in the spring-waters located in Pitesti applies in the correct evaluation of their hardness and quality as dri nking waters, from this point of view. The evaluation of the hardness of the surface waters is achieved using the complexonometric analysis with EDTA at pH=10 in the presence of the indicator black-eriocrom T. We determined the experimental values of the hardness and of the concentrations of the calcium and magnesium ions for the waters of eight springs in the town of Pitesti. These experimental values were compared to the maximum permitted values for the surface drinking waters, establishing in this way t heir quality regarding their total hardness.


LTE is deployed in most countries and continuously evolving to match new user requirements. While it is expected to support 5G deployments for outdoor and long range communications, it will also be used for Public Safety services in major countries. Among those, new scenarios call for wider networks on the move relying on self-backhauling. In this article we argue that the LTE relay interface (Un) is an efficient candidate to enable multi-hop LTE mesh networks. We first study the Un interface and highlight its main properties. We then analyze and compare out-band LTE-Uu, in-band LTE-Uu with full duplex radios and in-band Un interface to mesh LTE base stations. We perform link-level emulations to assess the performance of the Un interface subject to different conditions. Finally, we compare the achievable throughput of self-backhauled LTE mesh network using either Un or LTE-Uu through a system-level simulation.


Automatic surgical instruments detection in recorded videos is a key component of surgical skill assessment and content-based video analysis. Such analysis may be used to develop training techniques, especially in ophthalmology. This research focuses on capsulorhexis, the most fateful process in cataract surgery, which is a very delicate procedure and requires very high surgical skill. Assessment of the surgeon's skill in handling surgical instruments is one of the main parameters of surgical quality assessment, and requires the proper detection of important instruments and tissues during a surgical procedure. The traditional methods to accomplish this task are very time-consuming and effortful, and therefore, automating this process by using computer vision approaches is a stringent requirement. In order to accomplish this requirement, a proper dataset is prepared. By consulting the expert surgeons, the pupil, and the surgical tool, namely the capsulorhexis cystotome, are annotated in this dataset. Then, we created a general framework for implementing and examining different approaches, models, and techniques on the developed dataset, and reporting the comparative analysis. This study shows that the object detection task can be accurately performed for various scenarios using this dataset. The developed dataset, the developed deep learning general framework, and other developments are made public for further research.


Conventionally, CMD analyses of nearby star clusters are based on observations in 2 passbands. They are plagued by considerable degeneracies between age, metallicity, distance (and extinction) that can largely be resolved by including additional passbands with $U$ being most appropriate for young star clusters and I or a NIR band for old globular clusters. For star clusters that cannot be resolved, integrated photometry in suitably selected passbands was shown to be as accurate as spectroscopy in independently revealing ages, metallicities, internal extinction, and photometric masses and their respective 1$\sigma$ uncertainties, when analysed with a dedicated analysis tool for their Spectral Energy Distributions (=SEDs) (cf. Anders et al. 2004a, b, de Grijs et al. 2003b). For external galaxies, rich star cluster populations can thus be efficiently analysed using deep exposures in 4 suitable filters. Again, the inclusion of the $U$-band significantly reduces the uncertainties in the cluster parameters. The age and metallicity distributions of star cluster systems yield valuable information about the formation history of their parent galaxies (Fritze – v. Alvensleben 2004). Here, we present our GALEV evolutionary synthesis models for star clusters of various metallicities (Anders & Fritze - v. Alvensleben 2003), recently extended to include the time evolution of CMDs, the dedicated SED Analysis Tool AnalySED we developed, show results on the basis of HST data, and first results from our SALT PVP project on young star clusters in starburst and interacting galaxies.


Fluoride (F) is a natural, ubiquitous, non-biodegradable and hazardous pollutant. To investigate its effect, Vigna radiata seeds were treated with NaF (0, 25, 50, 75, 100 mg NaF kg-1) and its effect was studied on germination, growth and RAPD profile. The variation in DNA profile in response to NaF treatment was detected by RAPD-PCR technique. The result of RAPD was observed in terms of GTS% (Genomic Template Stability). Results showed that there was gradual decrease in GTS% i.e. increase in DNA damage from 25 to 75 mg NaF kg-1 concentration. These data demonstrate that RAPD is a reliable tool and permits greater insights into the genetic alteration of V. radiata .


Reaction control thrustor injector requires precisely machined orifices and slots. Tooling setup consists of rotary table, numerical control system and torque sensitive drill press. Components used to drill oxidizer orifices. Electric discharge machine drills fuel-feed orifices. Device automates production of identical parts so several are completed in less time than previously.


Heterojunction photocatalyst containing one dimensional nanostructures exhibits interesting size, shape and material-dependent photocatalytic properties compared to single-component counterpart. In this work, we develop a simple two-step strategy to WO3/TiO2 heterojunction based on WO3 nanorods and TiO2 nanoparticles. The as-obtained heterojunction features core-shell morphology and has the advantage of extended solar light response, enhanced chemical stability and easy recyclability. As such, it exhibits high photocatalytic activity toward organic pollutants degradation including rodamine B dye and gaseous acetaldehyde.


The present paper consists of a numerical investigation carried out for primary break up analysis of a vertical water jet. Many parameters impact the flow development such as velocity, turbulence and nozzle shape. In this work, two types of nozzle geometries have been performed, the first is a capillary circular and the second is conical. The calculations have been performed using the CFD Code Fluent of ANSYS, considering laminar and turbulent flow regimes. While turbulence was modelled using RNG k-ε of RANS approach. The main results show that the jet evolves differently in the two considered nozzle geometries comparing the jet intact lengths, drop sizes and distance between successive drops. It is observed that the turbulence increases substantially the jet intact length and enables the jet breakup at the lower part of the water column. For the conical nozzle case, the jet instabilities grow quickly resulting a drop size in the same order of the jet diameter and an intact length larger in comparison with the circular nozzle case.


With the research and development of the high-tech materials, condensed matter physics and surface protection of high precision instruments, the importance of microgravity and contactless environment has become increasingly prominent. Meanwhile, the non-contact support technology to realize this special environment also plays a pivotal role. Ultrasonic levitation technology is an important branch of noncontact support technology, which has the advantages of simple implementation, easy operation, stability and reliability. Using this technology, microgravity and contactless environments can be simulated to meet a variety of contactless research and production requirements. Firstly, in this paper, the equation of suspended ultrasonic wave was derived under the condition of ideal medium, and the expression form of standing wave equation was obtained. Secondly, the motion equation of sound field was deduced and the relation between sound pressure and particle vibration velocity was established. Then, according to the functions of sound field, the image of sound pressure and particle vibration velocity was drawn, and the stable suspension region in sound field was deduced. Finally, based on the theory of Time-Averaged Potential of sound field, the levitation force generated by ultrasonic wave suspension was derived, and the factors influencing the levitation force were judged according to the levitation force equation. In order to verify the physical phenomenon of ultrasonic levitation, this paper also simulated the ultrasonic levitation sound field by simulation software, and built an Arduino-based ultrasonic levitation experiment platform to carry out the ultrasonic levitation experiment with equal distance and the experiment on factors influencing the stability of ultrasonic levitation.


been recognized as a useful technique for the removal of choledocholithiasis, which is usually performed under the control of a peroral "mother−baby" cholangioscopic system or percutaneous transhepatic choledochoscopy [1,2]. However, the method may be disadvantageous due to its complicated procedure. Recently, the use of an ultraslim endoscope to direct cholangioscopy [3] as well as endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography [4, 5] has been reported. Here, we report on a novel technique of EHL under the control of direct cholangioscopy using an ultrathin scope. A 78−year−old woman visited our hospital complaining of epigastric colic pain. She had jaundice with elevated serum levels of bilirubin (5.9 mg/dL), alkaline phos− phatase (1800 IU/L), and C−reactive pro− tein (5.7 mg/dL). Computed tomography depicted a stone with a diameter of 25 mm in the dilated common bile duct (CBD). Unfortunately, we failed to remove the stone by mechanical lithotripsy under conventional transoral chledochoscopy due to the hardness of the stone. We then performed EHL under direct cholan− gioscopy, using an ultrathin forward− viewing endoscope (EG530N5, Fujinon− Toshiba, Tokyo, Japan). We inserted the scope via the nasal cavity, taking into ac− count the possibility of naso−biliary drainage [4]. We were able to break the stone into small pieces, which were then successfully removed without any com− plications (l" Fig. 1). To our knowledge, this is the first report of EHL performed under transnasal direct cholangioscopy. Peroral EHL is often time−consuming and may sometimes cause dysphagia, probably due to the long−term compression of the pharynx by the scope. Transnasal EHL might be beneficial because the insertion route is likely to be less irritant than the transoral approach. Moreover, because the proce− dure does not require special equipment or invasive approaches, this new method can be applied widely to patients with CBD stones.


Primary total laryngopharyngectomy is the treatment of choice in many cases of locally advanced hypopharyngeal and laryngeal cancer. Development of pharyngocutaneous fistulae is the most common postoperative complication. A recent Danish study showed significantly increased rates of anastomosal leakage after colorectal resection in patients receiving diclofenac treatment.


Solving a high-dimension system identification problem could involve significant challenges in terms of complexity and accuracy of the solution. Due to the large parameter space, a decomposition-based approach fits very well in this context. This was the idea behind the recently developed iterative Wiener filter for multilinear forms, which reformulates the problem using a combination of shorter filters. Nevertheless, there are inherent limitations related to the Wiener solution, while the least-mean-square (LMS) adaptive filter would represent a more practical alternative. Consequently, in this paper, we develop LMS-based algorithms for multilinear forms, in the context of a multiple-input/single-output system identification problem. Simulation results indicate the good performance of the proposed algorithms, especially in terms of their fast convergence features.


This research dealt with the pedagogical problem of enhancing critical reflection in community work education using the action research approach. It focused on the community work skills laboratory offered to second year Bachelor of Social Work students in the Department of Social Work and Social Administration. The six-month-long laboratory consisted of a series of eight seminars on issues related to community work and a community project in an assigned agency and client group. The class of 70 students was divided into nine laboratory groups, each working with a different agency and client group. The action research design for this project was based on the Kember and Kelly (1994) and Zuber-Skerritt (1992) models, and centred on the action-observation-reflection-change cycle. A series of quantitative and qualitative data collection and assessment methods were employed, including classroom and field observations, focus group interviews with questionnaires, and the Competence and Aptitude Assessment in Community Work Scale which was developed for the purpose of this project. From the data collected, it was obvious that there had been considerable effort on the part of the students in critically reflecting their own attitudes and biases and their levels of adequacy of knowledge and practice competence. The project identified contextual as well as personal factors that affected teachers' effectiveness in bringing about critical reflection in students.


The problems are shown that arise during testing and demonstrations of the modes of operation of agricultural machinery during presentations (exhibitions). The design of the controller and the display panel is substantiated for the possibility of demonstrating in real time the parameters of the indicators obtained by the information measuring system.


Based on theory of fuzzy control,a combination method of fuzzy control and PID control is used,which is known as fuzzy PID control. A semiconductor laser temperature control system design is completed. It can adaptively adjust PID proportional,integral and differential coefficient to keep the semiconductor cooler's temperature constant. The simulation results of Simulink show that,after using the fuzzy PID control algorithm the overshoot of the system is reduced by 40%,the adjustment time is shorten and the control effect is better than conventional PID control system.


Method of calculating rainstorm and flood discharge in small drainage basin from tailings pond is introduced in the paper for discussion, combining with the tailings pond features and through analyzing the formula of calculating rainstorm and flood in small drainage basin put forward by department of water resources and municipal department.


A binary tree is used as a model for a hierarchical structure. All nodes situated at the same height are assumed to form a group. The global and local Q-value, being measures for the extent to which a node plays a bridging function between groups, are determined. For the global Q-value this is can be done in two ways: a direct one and one via a recursion relation.


According to the state macro-policy, social requirement and historical experience in the disciplining of teachers with bachelor degrees for primary school physical education, this paper points out that normal universities and colleges of China are capable to train qualified primary school physical education teachers with bachelor degrees nowadays both at hardware and software.


Objective To investigate the effect of expression of ABCG2 and CD133 on the prognosis of cervical cancer.Methods 200 cases of cervical cancer patients was the experimental group,and 100 cases of cervical neoplasia patients and 100normal patients were group A and group B. The expression of ABCG2 and CD133 in the 3 groups were compared,and 3-,12-,24-month survival and prognosis of the experimental group were recorded. Results Positive expression rates of ABCG2,CD133 were as follows: 69. 5%,67. 0% in the experimental group,33. 0%,32. 0% in the control group A,18. 0%,16. 0% in the control group B,and there were statistically significant differences between groups( P 0. 05). The 3-month expression of ABCG2 or CD133 positive and negative groups had no significant difference( P 0. 05),but 12-month,24-month expression of ABCG2 or CD133 positive and negative groups had significant difference( P 0. 05). With the increase of positive degree,the long-term survival reduced,the results were statistically significant( P 0. 05). Conclusion Positive expression of ABCG2 or CD133 may affect survival prognosis in cervical cancer,with the increase of positive expression,long-term survival is reduced.


• Multivariate analysis methods. The three standard multivariate methods, PCA (principal component analysis), Factor Analysis, and CCA (canonical correlations analysis) will be reviewed and their connection with divergence minimization discussed. Applications of PCA to least squares (PCR principal component regression, PLS Partial least squares). Approximate matrix factorization and PCA, with a brief detour on the approximate Nonnegative Matrix Factorization (NMF) problem. The necessary linear algebra will be reviewed.


Disaster preparedness is an issue that receives little attention in the community. Communities must take preventative measures to overcome obstacles and improve community preparedness. This review identifies the optimal dose of disaster preparedness intervention in the community. A systematic literature search was conducted to examine a study about the optimal dose of disaster preparedness intervention developed for implementation at a community level. A scoping review based on the PRISMA diagram was conducted from four databases. A combination of keywords was adapted for each database. Inclusion and exclusion criteria were applied. A total of eight articles were synthesized based on the intervention dose of disaster preparedness among community interventions. The summarized studies provided evidence that the optimal dose for disaster preparedness intervention in the community can be prevented with an educational intervention program with a minimal dosage of intervention. The Health Belief Model Theory was the most often cited theory by researchers. The best dose for disaster preparedness intervention in a community can be mitigated with a single dose of education. Nonetheless, we cannot disregard alternative disaster preparedness theories because each has its advantages and disadvantages.

http://www.pertanika.upm.edu.my/resources/files/Pertanika PAPERS/JST Vol. 31 (1) Jan. 2023/10 JST-2956-2021.pdf


Abstract This study presents a new method for solving the population balance equation (PBE) for particle coagulation. The method introduces a radial basis function network to approximate the number density function. The approximate solution should satisfy the PBE at the collocation points in a continuous manner. The coagulation terms in the PBE are directly handled using the Gaussian quadrature techniques. The final solution is a bivariant analytical function of particle volume and time, which can be easily used in any subsequent calculation. Then the method is validated by comparing with analytical solutions and the sectional method for four numerical test problems. These problems are selected to vary in coagulation kernels and initial conditions. The comparative results show that the present method can accurately predict the time evolution of the number density function. Moreover, the computational efficiency of the present method is quite acceptable considering the high accuracy. Copyright © 2020 American Association for Aerosol Research


Standard approaches to domain decomposition methods (DDM) are uncapable of producing block-diagonal system matrices. The derived-vector-space (DVS), approach to DDM, introduced in 2013, overcomes this limitation. However, the DVS approach in its original form was applicable to a relatively narrow class of problems because it required building a special matrix, whose construction is frequently impossible. In this paper, an enhanced formulation of DVS is presented, which does not require the construction of a special matrix and is applicable to any linear problem. Keywords: domain decomposition, parallel processing, DVS, FETI, BDDC


Development of moisture gradients within wood and wood-based composites can result in irreversible moisture-induced damage. Accelerated weathering (AW), generally employing harsh environmental conditions, is a common tool for assessing moisture durability of wood composite products. Use of milder AW conditions, such as cyclic changes in relative humidity (RH), may be of interest to the wood-based composites industry in assessing moisture durability under more realistic conditions. The primary objective of this study was to determine whether moisture profile development in oriented strand board and plywood during cyclic RH changes could be reasonably predicted with a simple moisture transport model, which may be practical for wood-based composite industry members seeking to develop new AW protocols. The diffusion model based on Fick's second law with empirically determined moisture transport parameters fits the experimental data reasonably well for the purpose of screening RH parameters.


Motion capture (MOCAP) is an important technique that is widely used in many areas such as computer animation, film industry, physical training and so on. Even with professional MOCAP system, the missing marker problems always occur. Motion refinement is an essential preprocessing step for MOCAP data based applications. Although many existing approaches for motion refinement have been developed, it is still a challenging task due to the complexity and diversity of human motion. A data driven based motion refinement method is proposed in this paper, which modifies the traditional sparse coding process for special task of motion recovery from missing parts. Meanwhile, the objective function is derived by taking both statistical and kinematical property of motion data into account. Poselet model and moving window grouping are applied in the proposed method to achieve a fine-grained feature representation, which preserves the embedded spatial-temporal kinematic information. 5 motion dictionaries are learnt for each kind of poselet from training data in parallel. The motion refine problem is finally solved as an ℓ1-minimization problem. Compared with several state-of-art motion refine methods, the experimental result shows that our approach outperforms the competitors.


The security of Genetically Modified(GM)food must be viewed as a scientific problem.It has attracted a wide attention in the waves of commercialization of GM food.This paper reviews the problem of security of GM food in three aspects,namely,the risk,the evaluation system and the commercial security.It is proposed that in developing GM food one must consider its security from the angles of life ethics,scientific rationality and our national policies.


"Over the mountains from Idaho the gold seekers came; from all over the Territory of Montana- through Hell Gate canyon, past Missoula, past the old town of Hell gate and on through Frenchtown. The valley hummed with the news, resounded with the creak of wagons and the voices of drivers, throughout the spring and summer of 1870."


On the basis of vapor pressures, volumes of saturated vapor and liquid, both parameters "a" and "b" in Soave equation of state are treated as temperature dependent and an extended Soave equation is proposed in this work. The VLE for 38 pure components including polar substances have been calculated. The comparison of calculated results with experimental data shows the prediction of liquid density is improved over Soave equation without losing the accuracy of prediction in vapor pressure and vapor density.


The stability of rotating nuclei against fission through creviced shapes is investigated within the generalized liquid-drop model including the nuclear proximity energy. The potential barrier corresponds to large deformations hindering the fission process even at very high spins. At intermediate angular momenta, the deformation energy is relatively constant up to beta approximately 0.7 and shell effects can generate secondary minima where superdeformed states may survive. With increasing spins, the potential pocket moves towards the barrier foot leading to hyperdeformed equilibrium shapes. The characteristics of these quasi-molecular nuclear systems are given in the whole mass range. For an intermediate nuclear mass, asymmetric fusion allows the potential surface to be penetrated more deeply and higher spins to be reached.


The analysis ofresults of 26 patients' treatment with concomitant injury and pelvis injuries were conducted. Anti-shockaction of suggested by the authors immobilization belt were shown. Immobilizing beltat an early hospital stage contributes to the effect of intrapelvic biological tamponade, reducesthe rate ofinternal bleeding, stabilize the hemodynamics.


The effects of operating temperature on an osmotic sucrose solution with a selected concentration pattern (30-50-70 °Brix) on mass transfer characteristics during the diffusion process in bilimbi fruits in a dehydration system were investigated. Half-ripe bilimbi fruits were used. In the pretreatment step, all fruits were blanched in boiling water for 1 min to soften the fruit for better diffusion. The osmotic solutions were prepared without agitation. For each temperature level, bilimbi fruits were firstly immersed in a 30 °Brix sucrose solution for 3,000 min, then a 50 °Brix for 3,000 min, and finally a 70 °Brix for 3,000 min. The ratio of solution to raw materials was 2:1 and the pH was adjusted to 3.5 before each step. Samples from both solid and liquid phases were taken out at different periods in order to determine water loss, soluble solid gain, acid loss, corresponding diffusivities, as well as shrinkage. It was found that an operating temperature of 40 °C yielded the lowest mass transfer characteristics i.e. water loss and its rate, soluble solid gain and its rate, and acid loss and its rate while there was nearly no difference in the values obtained at 50 and 60 °C. Nevertheless, at the highest concentration and at all temperatures, though the water loss (%) and the acid loss (%) still increased upon time the soluble solid gain (%) decreased. The phenomenon was similar to what happened in mechanical squeezing. This result corresponded to continuous shrinking, which was clearly observed during dehydration. For bilimbi fruits, the final shrinkage was found to be 80 % of the initial volume. The final shrinkage value and also the rate of shrinkage for each period were lowest at 40 °C with no difference at 50 and 60 °C. Higher concentrations like 50 and 70 °Brix did not lead to a higher rate of water loss, soluble solid gain and acid loss; on the contrary it lowered these values. In addition, for all experiments, the diffusivity for each component i.e. water, soluble solids, and acid decreased as the concentration was increased (30-50-70 °Brix). Seemingly for blanched materials at higher concentrations, strong interactions among components were observed. The results lead to a conclusion that blanched materials in a system without agitation were accompanied by shrinkage, by a squeezing-like phenomenon. The concentration effect not only dominated the temperature effect but also stabilized the rate of mass transfer especially at the operating temperatures of 50 and 60 °C.


The operating department organization and management operating theatre lighting and electromedical equipment static electricity the operation table and positions used for surgery preparation of the operating theatre and sterile supplies sterilization ligature and suture materials storage and handling of ligature materials and associated instruments draping operation areas and assisting the surgeon anaesthesia and the anaesthasia room operating microscopes fibre optic endoscopy general instruments general operations on the abdomen operations on the breast dental operations ear, nose and throat operations operations on the face gynaecological and obstetric operations neurosurgical operations ophthalmic operations orthopaedic operations plastic operations urological operations operations on the thyroid and neck thoracic operations cardiovascular operations abdominal vascular operations peripheral vascular operations plaster of paris technique radioactive materials in the theatre. Glossary of technical terms and words commonly used in the theatre.


ABSTRACf. A combination of experimental techniques is used to study the structural, optical and vibrational properties of antimony(m,v) halide salts, prototypes of class II mixed valency behaviour. The results together with simple lattice dynamics calculations lead to an estimate of an upper limit of the effective Hubbard-U for the antimony valency disproportionation. Inelastic neutron scattering is also used to study the phonon properties of the (Ba,K)(Pb,Bi,Sb)03 series. Here the CDW instability is suppressed on doping, leading to delocalisation of the electrons and the appearance of superconductivity.


The invention discloses a three-phase circuit overvoltage monitoring system. The three-phase circuit overvoltage monitoring system comprises a front monitoring station, a front switch and multiple front monitoring equipment, wherein input ends of the front monitoring equipment are respectively connected with a three-phase bus in corresponding segments, output ends of all the front monitoring equipment are connected with the front switch, an output end of the front switch is connected with the front monitoring station, the front monitoring equipment comprises capacitance voltage division modules and monitoring devices, input ends of the capacitance voltage division modules are connected with the three-phase buses, output ends of the capacitance voltage division modules are connected with the monitoring devices, and output ends of the monitoring devices are connected with the front switch. The three-phase circuit overvoltage monitoring system employs capacitance voltage division devices and the corresponding monitoring devices to carry out voltage data acquisition, voltage withstand intensity is large, breakdown is not easy to occur, frequency response bandwidth can satisfy requirements of real transmission lightning wave frequency spectrums, original data has strong authenticity, thunder overvoltage data can be accurately acquired, and the monitoring effect is better.


the significance of' by far the best account that we have by a contemporary Indian Muslim, that of San bin Wali Qazvini (Mulla Safi-ud din), the ' Anis-ul-hujjaj'. Qazvini's account of his hajj, made in 1087-88 A.H. (A.D. 1676-77) has been translated by A. Jan Qaisar, but has not, it seems, been published. Frustratingly, for Pearson's purposes, even Qazvini did not enlarge on the hajj experience itself, and thus even now, meaningful understanding of the inner significance of the pilgrimage for Indian hajjis remains difficult to attain. Nevertheless, it is usefully demonstrated that in spite of the state's indifference to maritime affairs generally, Mughal imperial patronage resulted in an increase in hajj observance by Indians during this period, just as it did in the Ottoman sphere of influence. Significantly, emperor Akbar emerges initially as a strong patron of the pilgrimage (albeit sometimes as a convenient means to remove political enemies), a factor to take into account in any assessment of that emperor's equivocal ' religious stance'.


Preservatives consider one of the most important food additive that used in most food industries like meat, fish, oil and others. The aim of the present study is to determine the effect of different doses and durations of two different preservatives, sodium nitrite and Butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT). The experiment was carried out on 70 adult male rats weighing 150-200 gm. They have been divided into 5 groups,14 each (control group, second and third group were maintained on ration contains sodium nitrite at concentration 0.2% and 0.4% of the diet respectively, fourth and fifth group were maintained on ration contains Butylated hydroxytoluene at concentration 0.4% and 0.6% of the diet respectively). Samples were collected twice after 4 and 10 weeks. The biochemical results of sodium nitrite administrated rats showed significant decrease in urea, creatinine, heamoglobin and MDA. Increase activity of ALT, AST, ALP and erythrocytic superoxide dismutase. In addition, increased total bilirubin with predominance of the indirect bilirubin was detected. The biochemical results of BHT treated rats showed decrease in body weight accompanied by decrease in urea, creatinine level, ALP and hepatic malondialdhyde. Moreover, increase activity of ALT, AST, erythrocytic superoxide dismutase and renal malondialdhyde accompanied by increase total bilirubin with predominance of the direct bilirubin were seen. Liver and kidney histopathology in both sodium nitrite and BHT treated rats showed vacuolar degeneration, congestion along with lymphocytic infilteration, perivascular edema and some necrotic changes of the hepatocytes specially in BHT groups.


A porous ceramic coating the electrode of zirconia oxygen sensor is commonly used to clean exhaust gas from cars. The coating is modeled as a kind of gas diffusion barrier with a small hole in a dense ceramic block. The V/I characteristics of the sensor with the diffusion barrier is measured, resolved and simulated. Slow diffusion of oxygen gas in the small hole results in electrode polarization. A mathematic model is proposed. The modeling V/I characteristics fit the realistic V/I characteristics very well.


A tool for transferring a semiconductor device capable of picking up an object to be transferred such as a semiconductor device for transferring. The tool for transferring semiconductor devices, comprises: a supporting bracket movably installed at a transfer tool guide; and pickers installed at the supporting bracket in a plurality of rows, for picking up semiconductor devices.


Online medical crowdfunding campaigns (OMCCs) help patients seek financial support. First impressions (FIs) of an OMCC, including perceived empathy, credibility, justice, impact, and attractiveness, could affect viewers' donation decisions. Images play a crucial role in manifesting FIs, and it is beneficial for fundraisers to understand how viewers may judge their selected images for OMCCs beforehand. This work proposes a data-driven approach to assessing whether an OMCC image conveys appropriate FIs. We first crowdsource viewers' perception of OMCC images. Statistical analysis confirms that agreement on all five dimensions of FIs exists, and these FIs positively correlate with donation intention. We compute image content, color, texture, and composition features, then analyze the correlation between these visual features and FIs. We further predict FIs based on these features, and the best model achieves an overall F1-score of 0.727. Finally, we discuss how our insights could benefit fundraisers and possible ethical concerns.


LOSAK, T., HLUSEK, J., JANDAK, J., FILIPCIK, R., STRAKOVA, M., JANKŮ, Ľ., HUTYROVA, H., KNOTOVA, D. LOSAK, M., SEVCIKOVA, M.: The eff ect of soil applications of zeolite, agrisorb and lignite on the chemical composition of clover-grass mixtures grown in arid conditions of South Moravia. Acta univ. agric. et silvic. Mendel. Brun., 2010, LVIII, No. 5, pp. 247–254 The two-year fi eld trial was established in May 2008 on light soil in the cadastre of Ratiskovice near Hodonin in an arid maize-growing production area. Prior to sowing selected soil conditioners were applied in experimental plots of an area of 864 m 2 as follows: zeolite (a mineral of high sorption ca paci ty), lignite (the youngest coal containing humus substances) and the supplementary soil substance agrisorb (polymer organic compound capable of holding in its structure and subsequently releasing water) and they were incorporated into a profi le of 0.15 m. Including the untreated control the experiment involved 4 treatments. The rates of the conditioners were as follows: zeolite – 3 l . m −2 , frac−2


Nowadays, software development is a tricky and time-consuming task. In order to make the development easy, one uses the existing modules with or without a bit change. Modules which are used with or without changes are called as code clones. In several places in case of same or different software, a clone can be used for development purpose. Without having care, copy and paste code can lead to inefficiency smell. This bad smell can be detected by finding and refactoring code clones. A clone can be detected by several existing techniques. In this paper, we present a metric based technique for code clone detection. The existing technique is able to detect method level clones only. We proposed the technique to detect module level clones using several metrics. Our technique is useful to find out type1 and type2 clones at modules level in software systems. For implementation purpose, we have developed a tool in Java named as JSCCD (JS Code Clone Detector) which can detect clones between Java files.


: lh this study, we examine a supporting methodfor against metabolie syndrome. PVZi use existing recipes to produce new countermeasure against metabolic syndeome. Some ingredients withfewer calories are used in nev reeipes instead oforigi-nal ingrectients in existing recipes as a countermeasure against metabotic syncb'ome. PPle therEybre procince an ingredient thesaurus, which is usoftt to support making a measure crgainst metabolie syncb'ome. Pfe assess the oplectiveness oftheproposed meta-boiic syncb'ome, ingTectient thesaurus.


From the phenomenon of current librarian contract system,the paper has analyzed the pros and cons of contract librarian,pointed out the quality of a contract librarian and put forward measures to improve the quality of contract librarian.


Progress is reported on the following subjects: technology develpment, Mod I engine test program, Mod I engine characterization/analysis, Mod I transient test bed fuel economy, Mod I-A engine performance, reference engine system design (RESD), and downsized RESD study. (MHR)


Purpose: The purpose of this research is to address the mismatch between the constant change of users' demands and the static nature of the built environment (supply). Aim: The development of a strategy for creating adaptable office buildings, highlighting the relation between the actions proposed and the value they can deliver to the corporations that implement them. The large scale ambition of this strategy is to assist actors in understanding the value of adaptability and sustainability, and consequently contribute in stimulating the markets interest towards a more sustainable and future-proof future. Research Question: How can adaptability strategies be applied in the development of new office buildings to add value for corporations and address the mismatch over time between buildings and users' demands?Methodology: A qualitative approach has been followed, supported by quantitative data in order to answer the paper's research question and achieve its aim. Conducting an empirical study, through literature review, provided background knowledge on the topics of adaptability and added value, which constituted the basis for developing the preliminary strategy. Continuing, for the second part of the thesis a research by design approach was adopted. Qualitative data were collected from a series of case studies – via documentary analysis and interviews - providing insights from practice which were then used to formulate findings and synthesize a definitive and concrete final strategy.Finding: : The increasing pace the world is changing, has resulted in the market's gradual shift towards adaptability. Though, actor's inability to understand adaptability's long-term and indirect value, constitutes a boundary for the development of responsive real estate. The creation of this paper's strategy – "The value of adaptability", illustrates the links between a number of adaptability related strategies and tactics with different forms of added value. In addition, the significance, risk, impact a risk assessment and life expectancy of each tactic is presented, providing the implementers more criteria for choosing which tactics best fit their objectives. Despite the significance of adaptability in order to reduce the mismatch between the dynamic environment and the static nature of the built environment, the shift towards adaptability requires time. The strategy formulated, can assist actors into understanding the benefits of adaptability, and stimulate the shift towards a future-proof and sustainable environment where adaptability will become a standardised requirement. Limitations of the research: This being the first attempt of linking adaptability with the different forms of added value, the findings were based on qualitative research and in a limited amount of cases. Expanding the research in more cases and the collection of quantitative data can provide more generalised input and strengthen the strategy.Practical implications: The strategy developed through this research can assist: real estate managers in the creating adaptable office buildings based on the core business and objectives of their organisation, developers and investors whose goal is to construct adaptable projects – as adaptability has started to impact real estate financial value- and finally by architects and related engineers, in order to create more adaptable buildings for their clients. The strategy provides the implementer the potential of tailoring it in order to it to fit their goals and objectives. Originality/ value: This thesis addresses the shortage of future proof real estate, by presenting a comprehensive strategy that can assist the development of adaptable buildings, something that according to Estaji (2007), and Gosling, Naim, Sassi, Iosif and Lark (2008) is still lacking. Real estate constitutes a significant component of corporations. Despite this, combining strategies of adaptability, with the corporate real estate management view and models of added value comprises an unexplored field in scientific research.