Measuring the displacement of flexible bridges directly is difficult particularly on monumental suspension bridges. Since these bridges cross over sea channels or large rivers, installation of conventional devices for displacement measurement is technically not easy and costly, if not impossible. In this study, real-time displacement measurement of bridges was carried out by means of digital image processing techniques. This is innovative, highly cost-effective and easy to implement, and yet maintains the advantages of dynamic measurement and high resolution. First, the measurement point is marked on the bridge with a target panel of known geometry. A commercially available digital video camcorder is installed on a fixed point some distance from the bridge (e.g. on the coast) or on a pier (abutment) of the bridge which can be regarded as a fixed point. The camcorder with a telescopic device installed takes a motion picture of the target marked. Meanwhile, the displacement of the target is calculated using an image processing technique, which requires a target recognition algorithm, projection of the captured image, and calculation of the actual displacement using target geometry and the number of pixels moved. To measure the displacement at multiple locations on the bridge, an effective synchronized vision-based system was developed using master/slave system and wireless data communication. For the purpose of verification, the measured displacement by synchronized vision-based system was compared with the data measured by a contact-type sensor, a linear variable differential transformer (LVDT) from laboratory tests. The displacement measured by the proposed method showed a good agreement with the data from the conventional sensors. A field test on a pedestrian suspension bridge was also carried out to check the feasibility of the proposed system.


The face-to-face interview is only one of the personal interactions that employers consider when they evaluate candidates. The face-to-face interview is only one of the personal interactions that employers consider when they evaluate candidates.


Objective To investigate the culture method of melanocytes in melasma skin, and observe the morphology and biological properties of the cultured melanocytes in vitro. Methods The skin specimen was obtained from melasma patients after lower blepharoplasty. Epidermis was isolated by 0.25% dispase, and then single cell suspension was obtained after digested by 0.25% trypsin and 0.02%EDTA. M254/HMGS conditioned media was added to cultured the cells purifiedly, the cell morphology was observed through inverted microscope, S-100 protein immunohisto chemical staining and dopa-staining was used for identification. The TRP-1, HMB-45 expression were studied by indirect immunofluorescence. Results The human melanocytes in melasma skin were successfully cultured, and the cells were multi-dendritic. S-100 protein immunohisto chemical staining and Dopa staining were positive. The TRP-1 and HMB-45 were positive expression by indirect immunofluorescence. Conclusion Melanocytes can be successfully cultured in melasma skin with conditioned media insisted of special ingredients, which can be used for further investigation.


Disc-type motors equipped with Nd-Fe-B magnets benefit from the high remanence and near-ideal loop shape of the hard magnetic material. Consequent advantages include a high torque for a given motor size and improved efficiency. Air gap windings manufactured as multilayer etched windings contribute to flat package motors. Beside the classical Hall sensors magnetoresistive sensors can also be used effectively for rotor position sensing.


Installation work on a high temperature superconductor HV link on Long Island, New York, will begin soon. When the link enters operation in September, it will be the longest and most powerful HTS cable in a live grid at transmission voltage.


Vitamin B12 deficiency affects approximately 6% of adults over 60 years of age and is associated with several chronic diseases. Puerto Ricans are the second largest Hispanic subgroup in the US and have been identified as having excess chronic conditions. Prior studies suggest that use of acid‐lowering agents (ALAs) may be associated with increased risk of vitamin B12 deficiency, but this relationship has not been examined among Puerto Ricans. We conducted a cross‐sectional analysis to evaluate the relationship between ALA use and vitamin B12 status among 1390 Puerto Rican adults aged 45–75 years. Serum B12 and methylmalonic acid (MMA) concentrations were assayed from blood samples. B12 deficiency was defined as Serum B12 < 200 pg/mL or < 350 pg/mL plus MMA >; 270 pM/ml. The prevalence of B12 deficiency was 8.2%, but greater in older than in younger adults (11.8% for 60–75 y, and 7.2% for 45–60 y). Current ALA users tended to have lower serum B12 concentrations as compared to nonusers (P=0.25), but ALA use was not significantly associated with prevalence of B12 deficiency in the full sample. When examined in non‐supplement users (n=1343), vitamin B12 deficiency is prevalent in this population and may be aggravated by ALA use without concomitant use of vitamin B12 supplements.


Abstract. This paper describes two-channel real-time data acquisition, display and storage of the displacement. The measure and control software with VB has some functions, such as data receiving, real-time curve drawing, display and data storage using database. The receiving of the real-time data using serial communication. Exploiting offered by VB MSComm communication controlling part writes mouthfuls of communication procedure which can complete the data exchange between PC and one-chip computer. The real time curve has been drawn will be the use of two methods of line, using VB basic line drawing method approach to mapping.


The paper focuses on comparing two popular fractional order control strategies consisting of a Fractional Order Internal Model Control (FOIMC) and a Fractional Order Proportional Integral (FOPI) controller. The two strategies are powerful tools in controlling processes with different complexities, using the full potential of fractional calculus, a powerful mathematical tool that generalizes differintegral operations to any non-integer, arbitrary, order. The dynamics of a robot moving through a non-Newtonian fluid is described by a complex fractional order transfer model, which is used to tune both controllers. The inverse of the fractional order process model together with a fractional order filter are used to develop the FOIMC control strategy. The parameters of the FOIMC controller are determined using frequency domain specifications for phase margin and gain crossover frequency. Furthermore, the FOPI controller is developed using the same specifications as for the FOIMC case, with an additional robustness specification through the isodamping property. The two controllers are compared based on the closed loop system performance for test cases related robustness to uncertainties of the process model, step reference and output disturbance rejection.


A fringe detection and measurement system was constructed for use with the CNRS Fizeau wedge laser tuner, consisting of three circuit boards. The first board is a standard Reticon RC-100 B motherboard which is used to provide the timing, video processing, and housekeeping functions required by the Reticon RL-512 G photodiode array used in the system. The sampled and held video signal from the motherboard is processed by a second, custom fabricated circuit board which contains a high speed fringe detection and locating circuit. This board includes a dc level discriminator type fringe detector, a counter circuit to determine fringe center, a pulsed laser triggering circuit, and a control circuit to operate the shutter for the He-Ne reference laser beam. The fringe center information is supplied to the third board, a commercial single board computer, which governs the data collection process and interprets the results.


A sustainable alternative for fossil fuels substitution is the production of biodiesel from natural lipids. Mainly, such oil used is in the form of triglycerides and is characterized by being potentially renewable, non-toxic, and biodegradable, thus making it a sustainable product. For producing such biofuel, yeast oil is one of the most viable and currently known options, obtaining theoretically optimal results. In this article, kinetic parameters from the oleaginous yeast Rhodotorula mucilaginosa will simulate lipid accumulation capacity based on different bioreactor operating modes. Likewise, The Matlab software is used to simulate batch and continuous operating modes to establish comparisons between the productions obtained and their respective yields. The results obtained for the batch mode were: 14 g/L for the growth of biomass and an estimate of 0.22 g/g for lipid production. Likewise, for the continuous mode, its results were: 19 g/L for biomass growth and a value of 0.30 g/g in lipid production. The simulated results in continuous mode would demonstrate the effectiveness of its implementation since a more significant lipid accumulation is reached.


The overall efficiency of a reaction engine having pri mary and secondary combustion chambers is greatly improved by reducing the primary exhaust velocity to subsonic speed. This is accomplished in a preferred embodiment by using an exhaust tube downstream of the primary nozzle. A tube diameter of about six times that of the primary throat diameter and a tube length of about five to ten times that of the tube diameter is con sidered optimum. 3,942,320


WHILE comparatively excellent drugs are available for the control or reduction of grand mal seizures, the agents which are used in the treatment of intractable petit mal attacks are often inadequate. Although bromides are now little used, heavy reliance still rests on the barbiturates, phenobarbital, and mephobarbital (mebaral ® ) and in recent years on the new drug trimethadione (tridione ® ). Sedation, barbiturate rashes, and slowing of the mental processes are obvious disadvantages of the phenobarbital derivatives, while photophobia, drug rash, and leukopenia handicap the usefulness of trimethadione. The compound (N-methyl-α-phenylsuccinimide 1 ) which is discussed in this presentation has been found to equal or to surpass trimethadione in therapeutic efficacy and, in addition, is relatively nontoxic. In laboratory and clinical tests N-methyl-α-phenylsuccinimide has been designated as PM 334 and will hereinafter be so designated for the sake of brevity. PM 334 was selected for chemical trial from a large number of


Conventional methodology of protein mass spectrometry using collision induced dissociation (CID) has been widely adopted for confident identification and characterization of proteins in recent years. However, CID-based protein analysis works best with relatively short peptides and many important post translational modifications are not preserved during CID-based analyses. A new fragmentation method, electron transfer dissociation (ETD), has been developed recently and introduced to linear ion trap mass spectrometer. In ETD, peptide backbone is fragmented along pathways that are analogous to those observed in ECD. ETD has been reported to not only favor multiply charged, relatively large peptides, but also preserve post translational modifications. Thus, ETD is drawing more and more attention as mass spectrometry based methods for protein identification and analysis of post-translational modifications. However, current experimental strategies, which perfectly match CID-based analysis, are not optimized for ETD. This lack of efficient experimental strategies that enhance ETD-based analysis could significantly limit the benefits which ETD can provide for the analysis of proteins.

The purpose of this study is to optimize experimental strategies for the comprehensive analysis of the ABRF sPRG Protein Standard and to compare sensitivity of CID and ETD activation methods using various concentrations of this standard. Protease digested ABRF sPRG 49 protein standard mixture was analyzed on a Finnigan LTQXL with ETD employing the combination of CID and ETD activation types. Comparison of data generated by ETD and CID indicates complementarity of amino acid sequence coverages in the resultant datasets. Many peptides only show strong fragmentation patterns by either one or the other method. However, improved protein sequence coverage was enabled by alternating between CID and ETD activation types. Increased protein sequence coverage not only allowed a more thorough characterization of the 49 proteins in the standard, but also reduced the number of false positive protein hits.


Osteoporosis is a well-known complication of rheumatoid arthritis (RA), related to disease activity, steroid use and immobility.1,–,6

In a 1-year observational study it has been suggested that infliximab can have a positive effect on bone mineral density (BMD) in patients with RA.6 In the present study, patients with RA who had been treated with infliximab for 2 years and more in the Slotervaart Hospital or the VU University Medical Center were included if BMD measurements at baseline and at 2-year intervals had been performed. Patients fulfilled the American College of Rheumatology 1987 criteria and had a disease activity score in 28 joints greater than 3.2 at baseline. Infliximab (3 mg/kg) was given at 0, 2, 6 and 14 weeks and thereafter every 8 weeks.

BMD measurements of the spine (L1–L4) …


Though a number of studies addressed the current needs in EFL teachers' training, a main research gap yet to be addressed is investigating the efficacy of the professional development of in-service teachers using an instructional model and its actual impact on students. Through using three instruments -designed by the author- that included: (a survey of EFL teaching skills, a teacher knowledge test, a digital literacy skills scale, a teacher performance assessment analytic rubric), this study attempted to determine the impact of ASSURE model on EFL in-service preparatory teachers teaching skills and digital literacy skills. The results indicated that z-values of the teachers' knowledge test, teachers' digital literacy skills scale and teachers' performance assessment rubric were significant. ASSURE model proved to be helpful in developing EFL preparatory teachers teaching skills and digital literacy skills.


YARMONENKO, S. P., WAINSON, A. A., BEREZNOVA, L. I., KRIMKER, V. M., OVAKIMOV, V. G., PETROSIAN, E. P., AND SHMAKOVA, N. L. The Selective Protection of Normal Tissues by Irradiation of Tumor-Bearing Mice in Hypoxic Hypoxia. Radiat. Res. 67, 447458 (1976). The possibility of selective protection of normal tissues was demonstrated when mice with solid tumors were irradiated in an atmosphere of 95% N2 and 5% 02. Irradiation of animals in this gas mixture increased their survival with a dose-modifying factor (DMF) = 2.5, decreased the number of cells with chromosomal aberration in bone marrow (DMF, 2) and the degree of hair follicle damage (DMF, 1.6). The protective effect of hypoxia drastically diminished 40 min after its application. Local irradiation of allogeneic tumors under hypoxic conditions, on the other hand, resulted in an increased rate of their regression in comparison with irradiation in air. The mechanism of the observed phenomenon is under investigation.


This paper concerns an analysis of accuracy of estimated parameters ) , , ( ω Λ Φ which define the tectonic plate motions. The study is based on the velocities of station positions published by ITRF2000 for (Satellite Laser Ranging) SLR and (Global Positioning System) GPS technique, separately. The Eurasian, North-American, Australian and Pacific plates were analysed. Influence of the number and localization of stations on estimation accuracy of the tectonic plate motions for SLR and GPS technique were analysed. The discrepancies were discussed.


A 44-GHz doubler was designed and fabricated using 100- mu *0.15- mu m InGaAs high-electron-mobility transistor (HEMT) and microwave integrated circuit (MIC) circuit. The doubler shows a minimum conversion loss of 1.4 dB with 0.4-dBm output power and 1.6-dBm maximum output power with 3.4-dB conversion loss. A 44-GHz InGaAs HEMT doubler-amplifier chain was also fabricated, demonstrating 10-dBm power, 7-dB overall gain, and 2-GHz bandwidth at the output frequency.<<ETX>>


The use of ice slurry for cleaning in place can greatly reduce the amount of effluent created during industrial processes when compared with traditional flushing methods common in the food industry. Product recovery from within pipework is also improved through the use of such slurries. Noninvasive monitoring methods would allow this process to become automated and optimized for reduced effluent and increased product retrieval. For these reasons, the feasibility of using ultrasound within this context was assessed and found to be a reliable method of monitoring the fluid transitions within a section of test pipe.

Practical Applications

The food processing industry is increasingly adopting ice pigging as a novel, emergent technology for product recovery and waste effluent reduction. Where these methods are preferred, a noninvasive monitoring system is required for any process control to automate the diversion of product from waste. An ultrasound system has been designed to detect the change of fluids inside piping and which will serve as the monitoring arm of any control process. In principle, this system could be applied to other combinations of fluid transitions.


The social construction of risk explains that public
perceptions of an objective hazard are often shaped through social and cultural processes. Hazard managers tend to focus on the objective risk, and as a result can often perceive a risk and related issues very differently to the community they are servicing. This has important implications for hazard management. This paper reports
on research that investigated similarities and differences in perceptions of community bushfire risk and issues between the community and fire services in Tamborine Mountain in Queensland Australia. It discusses the implications for bushfire service delivery, and also provides an example of how understanding bushfire hazard perceptions and other issues within a community can give
direction to locally-specific strategies targeting
community safety.


Two approaches to increasing the current in the amorphous silicon top cell of an amorphous silicon/ microcrystalline silicon (a-Si:H//spl mu/c-Si:H) tandem cell are presented. Our goal is to raise the stabilized efficiency of such cells. The deposition of the amorphous top cell at higher than standard substrate temperature is shown to reduce the optical gap of the i-layer and to increase the current which is generated with a given i-layer thickness. Furthermore, a selectively reflecting ZnO interface layer between the component cells is presented as a viable tool for enhancing the current generation in the top cell by selective reflection of light. We present a micromorph tandem cell containing the amorphous top cell deposited at high substrate temperature, and additionally the ZnO mirror layer. A top cell thickness of 150 nm is shown to be sufficient to provide a current density of 13 mA/cm/sup 2/ in the top cell. Finally, the influence of such thin top cells on the stabilized efficiency of the tandem cell is investigated by experiment and by means of semi-empirical modeling. Model and experiment confirm that such reduced-gap top cells, together with current enhancement due to the mirror layer, have a high potential for improving the stabilized efficiency of micromorph tandem cells.


Granular materials, such as sand, gravel, grains, and salt, represent a large portion of the world around us, yet the dynamic behavior of these materials is not well understood. This lack of understanding is due, in large part, to the inherent difficulty in measuring the movement of and forces on individual particles. Computer simulations may be able to provide insight to this problem. Leveraging high-performance computing, simulations can calculate the dynamics (e.g., velocity, acceleration, contact forces) of each particle in a system of granular materials. This tool offers a means to better understand and predict the behavior of granular materials. However, before simulations can be truly useful, they must be shown to be realistic. This effort provides a measure of the accuracy of the simulation software, Chrono::Engine, for two models that investigate slit-flow and piling of granular materials. Data was gathered from physical experiments and then compared to the results of computer simulations. In this way, this research helps to (i) determine how closely granular material simulations match reality, and (ii) determine avenues for improving granular material simulations.


The structural and magnetic transitions in the Pr0.5Sr0.5-xBaxMnO3 series have been investigated by neutron diffraction and electron microscopy, in connection with the transport and magnetic properties, allowing a new phase diagram (T, x, or ) to be drawn. Two important points emerge from this study. First, a phase separation is observed for a large part of the diagram, described as a mixture of ferromagnetic, antiferromagnetic, and poorly ordered magnetic phases at low temperature for x > 0.2. Second, A-type antiferromagnetism (AFM) develops in nearly regular perovskite lattice. The case of Pr0.5Ba0.5MnO3 is also discussed because its microstructure is not conventional with local cationic ordering in the random A-site matrix.


Small mammals were surveyed along a transect in Mt Elgon National Park, Uganda, at altitudes from 2900 to 4300 m a.s.l., with the main focus in the Afroalpine grasslands above 3500 m a.s.l. In this study, 13 species belonging to the Muridae were recorded, but only one species Lophuromys flavopunctatus Thomas 1888, occurred in all habitats. The highest species and individual numbers were found in richly structured vegetation in the Afro-alpine zone. Twenty-four species of Muridae and one Gliridae have been recorded from the Mt Elgon NP, Uganda (> 2000 m a.s.l.) so far, two more have been found on the Kenyan side and are likely to occur in Uganda. A total of 34 species of Muridae have been recorded on the whole range of Mt Elgon, two being endemic to the Afro-alpine zone, one listed as vulnerable and one as rare by the IUCN (LIDICKER 1985). The present distribution patterns and composition of the montane rodent communities are a result of different evolutionary histories mainly brought about by past changes in climate and vegetation. A number of montane rodents in Africa are relict forms, which declined due to habitat changes and competition from invading "modern" species.


This study focuses on the development of a robotic arm with three degrees of freedom designed for different applications, especially in industry, where the main contribution is the use of a low‐cost robotic arm manipulator, which with the proper adjustments, mainly of speed, aims to add the concept of collaborative robotics in its most advanced versions. This study employs some classical principles of robotics, such as acquisition, image processing, and object manipulation. In this context, artificial neural networks were used for two essential functionalities: camera calibration and inverse kinematics resolution. From the results obtained with the use of the artificial neural networks (ANNs), it was possible to control the trajectory of the servo motors with the aid of software support. Also, by employing ANNs and using computer vision techniques, the robotic manipulator achieves the objectives of manipulating objects in space with a relatively acceptable error rate, considering the low‐cost proposal applied. This manipulator, at first, has a didactic purpose, but the concepts and applications can be used in different areas of the industry.


Abstract : A system for evaluating the horizontal motions induced by deep-water surface gravity waves is developed for a three-dimensional rotating ocean. The effects of secondary vorticity as well as the associated volume transports, variations with depth, depths of influence and vertical velocities due to horizontal convergences and divergences are considered. The application of this system to hindcasted, directional-frequency spectra of wave elevation in the North Atlantic shows that when waves are in a transient state, a Stokes current is generated that is capable of explaining a number of features of oceanic current variability. On longer time scales, a rotary current is generated that is shown to be capable of acting as a possible random source for simulating observations of inertial oscillations in the open sea. (Author)


PURPOSE: A mobile medical checkup system and method are provided to checkup and monitor the state of a patient at a remote place by periodically checking the vital signs of the patient. CONSTITUTION: The system comprises a checkup device(10) for a patient and a checkup device(20) for a doctor/guardian. The patient's checkup device comprises a vital sensor(102) to measure the vital signs of a patient, a mobile transmitting unit(112) to transmit the vital signs to the outside by converting into a mobile signal, a memory(104) to store a normal body temperature, a control unit(100) to control the vital sensor and to emit an emergency mobile signal when the body temperature falls rapidly, and a power supply unit(108). The checkup device for a doctor/guardian comprises a mobile receiving unit(208) to receive the mobile signal from the patient's checkup device, a memory(206) to store normal data, a monitor(212) to output the vital signs to the doctor/guardian, a control unit(200) to decide the medical state of the patient by analyzing the vital sign data, and an alarm(204) to output an alarm when the medical state of the patient is decided to be abnormal.


In the last years, the demand for electricity in Brazil has increased, mainly due to the intensive installation of new industries in the São Paulo, Minas Gerais, Mato Grosso do Sul, Mato Grosso and Goiás states (May et al. 2013). The Alternative Energy Sources Incentive Program (Proinfa) was created to meet this scenario and the demographic progress in Brazil, aiming at developing the production ABSTRACT RESUMO


Through analyzing the sports goods market in the sports industry, this article expounds the view that the sports goods market of our country is now in a favorable condition, examines in a perspec-tive way the existing condition of the consumer market and reveals the future characteristies of this market. this is to provide theoretical references for the relevant entreprise.


How to solve the drawbacks of the traditional mode of cataloging outsourcing is generated by the continuing concern about the issue of university library. The part-time participation of contract personnel in Huizhou University library is an exploration in the innovation mode of library cataloging outsourcing at a local university,which can better solve the problems such as unstable cataloging team, lack of professional level of the cataloging personnel,and decreasing cataloging quality,problems that presently exist at local universities,and therefore improve work efficiency and service ability of the library.


A closed formula for the Hodrick & Prescott, HP, filter subject to linear restrictions is derived. This filter is also known as the HP filter with priors. When the formula is applied to the ordinary HP filter linear restrictions apply only within the sample. However, when this formula is applied to the extended HP filter and extensions that correct for GDP revisions and delays, linear restrictions apply out of sample also.


"Mr Bogle, whom, out of your kindness, you were pleased "to send into this quarter, having (thank God) arrived here in "perfect health, I had, at an auspicious hour, the pleasure of an "interview with him, and was rendered fo completely happy on "the occasion, that it might in reality have been thought an in"terview with yourself. The letter which you addressed to me, "and the presents you sent by Mr Boole, I have likewise re"ceived safe. May your happiness and prosperity daily in"crease. All the particulars which Mr Bogle verbally repre"sented to me, I perfectly understand. You were pleased to "write me, that you had sent orders for establishing peace with "the Debe Doria, agreeable to my request.


Background: The proinflammatory cytokine tumor necrosis factor‐&agr; (TNF‐&agr;) plays a key role in the pathogenesis of Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC). Recently, a new transcription factor termed LITAF (lipopolysaccharide‐induced TNF‐&agr; factor) was shown to mediate TNF‐&agr; expression in human macrophages by direct binding to specific sequences in the promoter region of the TNF‐&agr; gene. Methods: In this report, we identified LITAF in resected ileal and colonic tissues from patients with CD and UC by immunohistochemistry, real‐time polymerase chain reaction, and Western blot analysis. LITAF expression in inflamed and noninflamed areas of the tissues was compared. Results: This is the first demonstration of LITAF, a newly discovered transcription factor that regulates TNF‐&agr; gene transcription in ileal and colonic tissues from patients with either CD or UC. LITAF immunostaining was localized to lamina propria macrophages and was markedly increased relative to tissues from controls without inflammatory bowel disease. In patients with CD, a 5‐fold increase in LITAF mRNA was measurable in noninflamed colonic tissues compared with controls without inflammatory bowel disease. LITAF mRNA in tissues from inflamed areas of the colon was increased by an additional 60% compared with noninflamed tissues. In patients with UC, LITAF mRNA levels in colonic tissues resected from noninflamed areas were elevated 15‐fold above nondisease controls, but they were not different in tissues resected from inflamed areas. Western blot analysis showed that in patients with CD, there was a marked increase in LITAF protein in inflamed areas compared with noninflamed areas. LITAF protein levels were not different between noninflamed and inflamed tissues obtained from patients with UC. TNF‐&agr; mRNA and protein levels paralleled LITAF. Similarly, in inflamed ileal tissues from patients with CD, LITAF is also localized to lamina propria macrophages. LITAF mRNA and LITAF protein were significantly increased in inflamed ileal tissues compared with noninflamed areas. Conclusions: LITAF is readily detectable in ileal and colonic tissues from patients with either CD or UC, is significantly elevated above controls, and is localized to macrophages, a major source of TNF‐&agr;. These data provide strong evidence of a role for LITAF in the pathophysiological regulation of the TNF‐&agr; gene and underscore the potential value of anti‐LITAF strategies in the clinical management of these diseases.


Hybrid ventilation is the building ventilation system that integrates natural ventilators for air supply and mechanical ventilation components. It creates a negative pressure in air duct with an exhaust fan to prevent the backflow of air into the room and has advantage of preventing condensation of water vapor by the absolute humidity control. The purpose of the study is to identify the apartment ventilation performance in applying the hybrid ventilation system. Ventilation experiments were performed with concentration decay method using tracer gas. The six experimental conditions were set by an exhaust fan, natural ventilators and windows opening. Ventilation performance was evaluated by average air change rate, room mean age of air and ventilation effectiveness. When the exhaust fan was activated, the air change rate was found over 0.5 ACH and the value of ventilation effectiveness was over 0.5. Those results indicate that the fan-assisted hybrid ventilation system satisfies the criteria of a designed ventilation rate and the completely mixed indoor air condition in two experimental apartments that have different floor plan.


Considerable efforts are being made to clean up the air we breathe but progress toward this goal is not always apparent.


Experiment was conducted to study the effect of FYM only and different combinations of nitrogen and potassium on the onion bulbs (var. Swat-I) production. Phosphorous at 100 kg haG was used as a constant dose. Treatments included control, FYM only, 0-100-90, 60-100-90, 90-100-90, 120-100-90, 90-100-0, 90-100-60 and 90100-120 kg NPK haG. Control plots and those treated with FYM produced maximum number of culls (un-marketable bulbs) i.e. 29,25 and 27.75 per plot, respectively. Application of fertilizers reduced the number of culls per plot. No significant differences were found among the treatments for bulbs obtained with thick neck. However, increasing rate of N resulted in greater number of thick neck bulbs. Number of double bulbs counted were also increased with the increase of nitrogen. High nitrogen dose improved the bulb size significantly. Greater number of small-sized bulbs were produced from the plots received no fertilizer or FYM only. Significantly highest yield (14.04 t haG) was obtained from the plots treated with maximum amount of N (120-100-90). All treatments did not show any significant effect on the percent moisture content, dry weight and TSS.


INTRODUCTION Over the last few decades, the anaerobic digestion has been used for the effective treatment of organic wastes. This anaerobic digestion has many advantages including that produced waste sludge is much less than the aerobic digestion, that treatment of organic wastes in high concentration is possible and most importantly, the usable biogas(50-80% methane)is produced. Because the process usually has operated under mesophilic and thermophilic conditions(3055°C), heating is necessary to maintain the temperature. Currently, almost all full-scale treatment systems are operated at lower temperature, and this can lower the treatment cost of wastewaters. The purpose of this study is to observe recovery process from overloading conditions and to conclude an optimum indicator of steady state for the anaerobic digestion at 25°C.


Urinary tract infection (UTI) is a major infectious disease and commonly induced by uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC), of which a prevalent serogroup is the mostly antibiotic-resistant O4. Therefore, protective vaccines...


Usage: Forest host ystve for forest planting on the area X does not have fertile soil layers. SUMMARY: 1 comprises a frame, hopper 9 with aeration and soil zzslonkoy dispenser, which is designed as a two-armed tray ZP 17.1 f ly-2-yl.


This study had as its objectives: to describe the profile of those aged asylum in Alto do Jacui Region, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. The research was performed from November 2002 to March 2003. The sample group was made of 33 men and 56 women, whose average age was 77.88 and 79.38 years old. The association among the quantitative variables were estimated through the Pearson's Correlation Coefficient and the association among the categorical variables was calculated through the Chi-square. Concerning the functional capability, we observed that the activities that aged people present a higher level of dependency are: taking bath, getting dressed and moving outside the unit. In a comparison between sex and urinary continence, it was observed a significant association with p=0.013. In the relation between AVDs and functional capability, the existence of limitation takes them to a functional dependence, in a higher or minor level. At the end, among the evaluated people, the predominant population is made of women, white, over 70 years old and presenting a higher functional limitation.


Surface acoustic waves (SAW) devices have been initially developed and used for the high-volume low-cost TV component. Due to the ultra-sensitivity to the surface perturbation, SAW based devices have been modified to be sensors. Initially, SAW based sensors were developed for gas detection and recently they have been moving towards biological detection. Shear horizontal surface acoustic wave (SHSAW), one of the SAW based type is most suitable for the application in liquid based condition. Ultra sensitive pathogen sensors are needed to improve the food security and quality of life as well. Hence, the ultra-high sensitive biosensor has been designed in this research towards the low concentration pathogen detection. One of the main SHSAW components is the interdigital transducer (IDT). Currently, there are variety of techniques to fabricate the accurate size electrodes, Electron beam lithography and X-ray lithography. However, these methods are very costly. Therefore, this paper is presenting the more economical fabrication process which is using complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor method to fabricate inter-digital transducers on 640 YX LiNbO3 piezoelectric substrate. Comparisons were made for the theoretical calculation and fabricated measurement resonant frequency of the 3μm, 8 μm, 12 μm, 25 μm and 20μm width IDTs and the differences obtained are less than 5%.


The impact factor is a key metric used to assess the influence and standing of scientific journals within their respective disciplines. It is a reflection of the average number of citations received by articles published in a journal over a specific time period. Do not consider the impact factor as an undisputed quality measure1; even the creators of the impact factor urge caution for the use as a quality indicator. The recently released impact factor for Acta Physiologica demonstrates its prominence in the field of physiology. Acta Physiologica climbs one more rung up the ladder to the top of the field. Now at the 93rd percentile of the physiology journals, Acta Physiologica ascends to the summit of those journals publishing research papers covering all physiology fields. With an impressive impact factor of 6.3 for the year 2022, Acta Physiologica has established itself as a leading journal in the discipline. This high ranking underscores the journal's commitment to publishing outstanding research that significantly contributes to the advancement of physiological knowledge. Compared with other journals in the field of physiology, Acta Physiologica stands out due to its consistent quality and impact. By maintaining a rigorous peerreview process and publishing cuttingedge research, the journal has attracted toptier scientists and garnered a broad readership. This has led to a substantial increase in citations, further enhancing the journal's reputation and impact factor. It is noteworthy that the impact factors for many journals in 2022 experienced a decline compared with the previous year. Also Acta Physiologica. Several factors can contribute to this phenomenon. One primary reason is the new way of calculating the impact factor.2 Immediately after implementation, the journals received a transition bonus. Citations from articlesinpress were added, thus inflating the impact factor. For 2022, there is no bonus causing a widespread impact factor decline. Another reason for lower impact factors is the disruption caused by the COVID19 pandemic, which affected the publication and dissemination of scientific research. The pandemic forced laborator to shut downs, limited access to research facilities, and disrupted the workflow of researchers worldwide. Consequently, the production and publication of scientific papers were delayed, leading to fewer citations during the assessment period. Moreover, the emergence of preprint servers and alternative forms of scholarly communication has provided researchers with additional avenues to share their findings quickly. As a result, some citations may occur in these alternative channels instead of traditional journal articles, potentially affecting impact factor calculations. Acta Physiologica's high impact factor demonstrates that the journal continues to thrive and remains an influential platform for disseminating groundbreaking research in physiology. Several articles are downloaded far over 1000 times during the first months after appearance.3– 5 Acta Physiologica invites researchers from all areas of physiology to submit their manuscripts for consideration. By publishing in Acta Physiologica, researchers have the opportunity to reach a wide audience and contribute to the advancement of the field. The journal's commitment to quality, rigorous peer review, and timely publication ensures that published articles receive the recognition and visibility they deserve. In light of Acta Physiologica's high impact factor and its continued dedication to publishing exceptional research, we encourage you to consider Acta Physiologica as your preferred journal for manuscript submission. By choosing Acta Physiologica, you fill the ranks of distinguished scientists contributing to the journal's impact and influence.


The selective metalorganic vapor-phase epitaxy of wurtzite GaN was performed on a (111) silicon substrate using SiO2 grid mask pattern. Within window regions of (0.2–0.5) mm×(0.2–0.5) mm, GaN films free from cracks were achieved. The full width at half maximum of the (0004) X-ray rocking curve was as narrow as 388 arcs and that of the band edge emission was 18.6 meV at 77 K. The band edge emission peak energy was redshifted. The redshift is reduced slightly in a sample grown on small windows. This suggests that the biaxial strain due to the thermal expansion coefficient mismatch is partly relaxed on small windows.


∗This article is an expansion and theoretical laying out of a principle already presented in two articles in this magazine, namely: "The Functions of Children in the Community." Religious Education xiii (Feb., 1918), 26‐32. "The Nature of Discipline for Democracy." Religious Education xiv (June, 1919), 136‐146. I would be glad to have the three articles weighed together.


We analyse the research available on the issue of intimate-partner violence after separation or divorce, and its impact on the lives of women and children exposed to this phenomenon. The discussion is based on rich international data showing the high frequency and the gravity of this violence. Studies carried out in different countries suggest that very often such violence remains unreported. This lack of visibility represents the major obstacle for protecting women and children. We analyse some of the strategies adopted to retain this invisibility, such as the myth of "false reports" and discuss their impact on the social perception of intimate- partner violence following separation and on the lives of the victims.


Background Cardiac toxicity resulting in long-term complications are recognised side effect of anthracycline-based chemotherapy used in the treatment of breast cancer. Current management modality involves measurement of left ventricular ejection fraction which has inherent limitations due to its dependence on haemodynamic conditions, and inability to detect subclinical changes in left ventricular systolic function. This study aimed to evaluate changes in the concentration of cardiac biomarkers present in serum as indicators of cardiac toxicity in breast cancer patients undergoing Epirubicin-based chemotherapy. Methods Eighty-one breast cancer patients elected to undergo Epirubicin chemotherapy were recruited. Blood samples taken at baseline, mid-cycle and final cycle of chemotherapy were analysed for hs-cTnT, NT-proBNP and sST2. Longitudinal changes in biomarkers were compared to pre-treatment baseline values and between treatment groups. Results At mid-cycle, mean cumulative dose of 265 mg/m2 of FEC elicited a 270% change in hs-cTnT but with no significant change in NT-proBNP and sST2. At the final cycle, mean cumulative dose of 340 mg/m2 of FEC elicited a 565% change in hs-cTnT with no significant change in NT-proBNP and sST2. There was progressive increase in hs-cTnT from baseline with increasing cumulative dose of Epirubicin. At mid-cycle, median hs-cTnT was 7.4 ng/L (IQR: 5.6–9.3) vs. baseline of 2.0 ng/L (IQR: 2.0–4.7) p < 0.001. Final cycle median hs-cTnT versus baseline was 13.3 ng/L (IQR: 8.2–22.1) vs. 2.0 ng/L (IQR: 2.0–4.7) p < 0.001. Conclusion Serial measurement of hs-cTnT but not NT-proBNP or sST2 during Epirubicin chemotherapy has important value in the early determination cardiomyocytes damage.


A hydrate of cellulose II can be formed by swelling Fortisan fibers in hydrazine and then washing in water. The hydrate is stable at 93% relative humidity and has a monoclinic unit cell with dimensions a = 9.02 Å, b = 9.63 Å, c = 10.34 Å, and γ = 116.0°; the space group is P21. The unit cell contains disaccharide sections of two chains and approximately four water molecules. The structure was refined using the LALS method, based on 10 observed and 10 unobserved reflections. An antiparallel arrangement of adjacent chains was assumed, since this occurs in cellulose II (the starting material), and the hydrate also reverts to cellulose II on dehydration. Refinement of the positions and side‐chain conformations of the chains shows that the chains are stacked in the same way as in cellulose II, and the hydrate is formed by insertion of water molecules between the stacks. However, all efforts to arrange the water molecules in crystallographically regular positions led to unsatisfactory agreement between the observed and calculated intensities. These results suggest an irregular arrangement of the water molecules, which was modeled using water‐weighted atomic scattering factors. The analysis resulted in two refined models with relative chain staggers of ∼ +c/4 and ∼ ‐c/4, which are indistinguishable in terms of the x‐ray agreement. Our preference is for the +c/4 model, for which the stacks of chains are analogous to those in cellulose II.


The relationships between the NAD(P)H quinone oxidoreductase 1 (NQO1) C609T polymorphism and the risk of digestive tract (DT) cancer are controversial. Therefore, we performed a meta-analysis to assess the relationships. The databases of Medline, Embase, and WanFang (updated to 15 May 2011) were reviewed. Odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals were calculated to assess the strength of the associations. Overall, 21 individual case–control studies in 20 papers with 5340 cases and 5911 controls were included in this meta-analysis. The results of combined analyses indicated that the T allele of NQO1 C609T was significantly associated with increased risk of DT cancer [odds ratio (95% CI): 1.58 (1.22–2.07) for TT vs. CC and 1.13 (1.06–1.22) for T carriers vs. C carriers]. Subgroup analyses for different types of cancers indicated that the T allele was significantly associated with an increased risk of gastric cancer [1.19 (1.13–1.47) for T carriers vs. C carriers], but not with esophageal cancer [1.05 (0.86–1.27) for T carriers vs. C carriers] and colorectal cancer [1.09 (0.98–1.21) for T carriers vs. CC]. Subgroup analyses for ethnicities and countries indicated that the T allele was associated with risk of DT cancer among Europeans [1.52 (1.05–2.19) for TT vs. CC] and Asians [1.52 (1.05–2.19) for TT vs. CC], and German, Indian, and Chinese populations but not among English and Japanese populations. In addition, subgroup analyses also indicated that the T allele was significantly associated with risk of DT cancer in studies with large and small sample sizes and in population-based studies, but not in hospital-based studies. This meta-analysis suggests that NQO1 C609T is significantly associated with risk of DT cancer among both Europeans and Asians, especially gastric cancer. Because of the limited number of cases and controls in the subgroup analyses, more well-designed studies with a large sample of participants are needed to verify our findings.


Axisymmetric bogus vortexes at sea level are usually used in the traditional bogus data assimilation (BDA) scheme. In the traditional scheme, the vortex could not accurately describe the specific characteristics of a typhoon, and the evolving real typhoon is forced to unreasonably adapt to this changeless vortex. For this reason, an asymmetrical typhoon bogus method with information blended from the analysis and the observation is put forward in this paper, in which the impact of the Subtropical High is also taken into consideration. With the fifth-generation Penn State/NCAR Mesoscale Model (MM5) and its adjoint model, a four-dimensional variational data assimilation (4D-Var) technique is employed to build a dynamic asymmetrical BDA scheme to assimilate different asymmetrical bogus vortexes at different time. The track and intensity of six summer typhoons much influenced by the Subtropical High are simulated and the results are compared. It is shown that the improvement in track simulation in the new scheme is more significant than that in the traditional scheme. Moreover, the periods for which the track cannot be simulated well by the traditional scheme can be improved with the new scheme. The results also reveal that although the simulated typhoon intensity in the new scheme is generally weaker than that in the traditional scheme, this trend enables the new scheme to simulate, in the later period, closer-to-observation intensity than the traditional scheme. However, despite the fact that the observed intensity has been largely weakened, the simulated intensity at later periods of the BDA schemes is still very intensive, resulting in overly development of the typhoon during the simulation. The limitation to the simulation effect of the BDA scheme due to this condition needs to be further studied.


Abstract: Binders play a very crucial role in processing of components by the metal injection molding (MIM) process. The present chapter discusses critical aspects regarding the binders used in the MIM process. Initial sections of the chapter focus on the function and importance of binders in the MIM process. In the next section the binder chemistries and constituents are discussed. The effect of binder properties on feedstock and the various methods used to remove the binder after injection molding are discussed in the following section. The mixing techniques used to manufacture the feedstocks and examples of typical feed stocks compositions are presented in the final sections of the chapter.


Turyn prove that if a circulant Hadamard matrix of order $n$ exists then $n$ must be of the form $n=4m^{2}$ for some odd integer $m$. In this paper we use the structure constant of Schur ring of $\Z_{2}^{4m^{2}}$ to prove that there is no circulant Hadamard matrix in $\Z_{2}^{4m^{2}}$ except possibly for sequences with Hamming weight $a+b$, with $\frac{m^{2}-m}{2}\leq a\leq\frac{3m^{2}-m}{2}$ and $b=2m^{2}-m-a$ and with $\frac{m^{2}+m}{2}\leq 2m^{2}-a\leq\frac{3m^{2}+m}{2}$ and $b=m+a$.


A simple and reproducible reversed-phase ion-pair high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method using isocratic elution with UV absorbance detection was developed and validated for the simultaneous determination of carboxylate (C) and lactone (L) forms of SN-38 (active metabolite of irinotecan) in nanoparticles (NPs). Reversed phase (RP) chromatography was performed on a C18 column with an ion-pair solution, KH2PO4 buffer solution and acetonitrile, under a mobile phase 30:30:40 (v/v) and at a flow rate of 1mL/min. Detection was performed at 265 nm and sharp peaks were obtained for C and L forms of SN-38 at retention times of 2.9±0.01 and 5.1±0.01min respectively. Linear regression analysis data for the calibration plot showed a good linear relationship between response and concentration in the range of 4 to 100μg/mL; the regression coefficient was 0.9999 for L form and 0.9998 for C form. The optimized method showed good performance in terms of specificity, linearity, detection and quantitation limits, precision and accuracy in accordance with the International Conference on Harmonization (ICH) Q2 (R1) guidelines. This assay was demonstrated to be applicable for routine quantitation of SN-38 in PLGA NPs.


Chapter 5 concludes the Texas story. Over time, fossil fuel companies and industrial energy consumers came to oppose Texas's renewable energy policies. Given their political influence over both politicians and regulators, these opponents were able to block reforms from passing in the legislature or being implemented by regulatory bodies. These opponents were successful because they had a direct link to the legislature, with a fossil fuel industry lobbyist reportedly working from a desk in a key senator's office. This chapter shows how opponents can also use the fog of enactment strategically to resist policy during implementation and how opponent interest groups with sufficient influence can directly undermine policy, even if advocates have previously succeeded in winning policy conflict and initiating positive feedback.


A compact (approximately 1 m2 of table space), surface- discharge pumped laser head has been developed and applied to pumping the XeF (C yields A) transition that lases in the blue- green (approximately 485 nm). Having an active length of approximately 50 cm, this device requires no external high voltage or current switches, and presently dissipates > 8 MW per cm of surface discharge. With 5% output coupling (unoptimized), pulse energies > 50 mJ are obtained from the C yields A laser.


The paper will re-examine the findings of a study funded by the UK Higher Education Academy (HEA) on changing academic roles, careers and development needs, within a conceptual frame of the critical university. The study identified a number of gaps between the perceptions of individuals and institutional policies about, for instance, criteria for promotion and development opportunities. In this paper, it will be argued that sustaining a critical workspace is likely to involve, for instance, clarity about the basis for decision making around individual careers; judgements about the appropriate use of evidence such as student feedback; and a willingness to consider alternative options in relation to professional development. The paper will demonstrate ways in which institutional middle managers such as heads of department have a key role to play in creating and sustaining this space for criticality.


Backgroun and purpose: The purpose of this study was to find out the effect of high heel shoes on lumbar lordosis for young ladies. The most of ladies wear high heel shoes at least 4 to 5 days a week. Subjects: Subjects were 30 young ladies age between 20 to 30 years old who go to the Sahm Yook Univ...


In the course of a study of the surface properties of soybean lecithin, a modification of the Wilhelmy or vertical-type film balance was developed which is believed to offer certain advantages over other standard film balances. The apparatus, which employed a displacement-type transducer as the sensing device, was found to be a reliable sensitive instrument. Its principal advantage was the fact that a recorder could be operated conveniently off the transducer element.


A process for producing a bipolar plate (122) for a bipolar battery (100) comprising the following steps: - producing a thermoplastic compounds, containing at least one thermoplastic material and at least one electrically conductive filler; - preparing a block (158) from the thermoplastic compound; - producing a foil (140) from the thermoplastic compound by peeling of the film (140) from the thermoplastic compound of the block (158); - providing the foil (140) from the thermoplastic compound with at least one metal-containing layer (136).


Abstract We compared the utility of different expressions of lactate and pyruvate data as indicators of myocardial hypoxia. Their utility was judged by their relative effectiveness in distinguishing 90 patients with ischemic coronary disease from 16 patients without coronary disease. To provoke myocardial hypoxia, heart rate was increased by atrial pacing. There was no significant difference between the expressions: coronary a-va lactate, coronary venous lactate/pyruvate ratio, or "excess lactate" as indicators of myocardial hypoxia. Coronary a-v lactate, however, was a less effective expression. Marked tachycardia increased coronary venous blood P O 2 in patients with or without ischemic coronary disease.


Facing fundamentally structural limitations, Korea's economy is now in jeopardy. The current changes in economic circumstances such as US quantitative easing, radical leaps by Chinese companies and Japan's weak yen policy have Korea caught in a nutcracker between low-cost China and high-tech US and Japan. With low fertility and aging, the once economically active population has reduced considerably and in turn decreased its domestic market size. Korea's leading companies, Samsung Electronics and Hyundai Motors, struggle with sales and profits. A chain-reaction of poor performances continues to soar amongst their suppliers. Although the crisis is primarily due to external factors, it is agreed that the root causes are the lack of creative strategy to drive industry trends, and the manufacturing inverted economy structure. In order to get out of the pending crisis, Korean companies must shift their growth strategy paradigm in the global market. They must take an innovative approach to succeed in the global strategy landscape. This paper suggests a balanced value strategy framework (hereafter BVSF), which can assist Korean companies in initiating the new strategy paradigm. This framework aims at both nurturing value creation capability and developing and acquiring value appropriation capabilities for each industry. These capabilities are dynamic so that the threat from China is exploited as new business opportunities. BVSF is based on the neo-Schumpeterian theory of the firm, providing guidelines and architecture for organizational behavior towards innovation rather than laws and optimization. This includes knowledge to create new combinations such as new products, production methods, markets, materials, industry architecture, and concepts to overcome obstacles effectively. The influence and progress of innovation are different among industries. However, for the last two decades, due to radical changes, the evolutionary economic theory has have become popular, stressing the role of individual entrepreneurs and startups. Thus, it is critical to understand behavior, capabilities, and limitation of organizations in order to adapt to technology changes. Having incorporated the innovation economy perspective, BVSF is expected to open up a new way to rebuild Korea's economy.


Responsive surfactants designed with kinetic control to triggers are rare and offer new opportunities in gener-ating tunable reactive assemblies. In this work, we discuss the design of novel molecu...


1. Urea cycle enzymes and ornithine ketoacid transaminase were extracted from rat liver using various buffer systems and different procedures for the mechanical disintegration of the cells. Of the buffers tested, phosphate and glutathipne gave optimal results, whereas significant differences were found when other extracting media were used: activities of ornithine ketoacid transaminase and ornithine carbamyl transferase were significantly decreased in triethanolamineand in tris-[hydroxymethyl]-amiiiomethane (tris)-buffer when compared with phosphate. Arginase activity remains unchanged in phosphate and in tris-buffer, but it decreased significantly in triethanolamine-buffer. With the exception of ornithine ketoacid transaminase, no significant increase of enzyme activities were found when livers were extracted with 0.1 % cetylammonium bromide and distilled water respectively.


We report the radiation hardness of a p-channel CCD developed for the X-ray CCD camera onboard the XRISM satellite. This CCD has basically the same characteristics as the one used in the previous Hitomi satellite, but newly employs a notch structure of potential for signal charges by increasing the implant concentration in the channel . The new device was exposed up to approximately 7.9 × 1010 protons cm−2 at 100 MeV . The charge transfer inefficiency was estimated as a function of proton fluence with an 55Fe source. A device without the notch structure was also examined for comparison. The result shows that the notch device has a significantly higher radiation hardness than those without the notch structure including the device adopted for Hitomi. This proves that the new CCD is radiation tolerant for space applications with a sufficient margin.


Reconfigurable Networks-on-Chip (NoCs) allow discarding the corrupted ports of a defective switch instead of deactivating it entirely, and thus enable fine-grained reconfiguration of the network, making the NoC structures more robust. A prerequisite for such a fine-grained reconfiguration is to identify the corrupted port of a faulty switch.This paper presents a functional diagnosis approach which extracts structural fault information from functional tests and utilizes this information to identify the broken functions/ports of a defective switch. The broken parts are discarded while the remaining functions are used for the normal operation. The non-intrusive method introduced is independent of the switch architecture and the NoC topology and can be applied for any type of structural fault. The diagnostic resolution of the functional test is so high that for nearly 64% of the faults in the example switch only a single port has to be switched off. As the remaining parts stay completely functional, the impact of faults on throughput and performance is minimized.


In free shear flows a sharp and convoluted turbulent/nonturbulent (T/NT) interface separates the outer fluid region, where the flow is essentially irrotational, from the shear layer turbulent region. It was found recently that the entrainment mechanism is mainly caused by small scale ("nibbling") motions (Westerweel et al. (2005)). The dynamics of this interface is crucial to understand important exchanges of enstrophy and scalars that can be conceived as a three-stage process of entrainment, dispersion and diffusion (Dimotakis (2005)). A thorough understanding of scalar mixing and transport is of indisputable relevance to control turbulent combustion, propulsion and contaminant dispersion (Stanley et al. (2002)). The present work uses several DNS of turbulent jets at Reynolds number ranging from Reλ = 120 to Reλ = 160 (da Silva & Taveira (2010)) and a Schmidt number Sc = 0.7 to analyze the "scalar interface" and turbulent mixing of a passive scalar. Specifically, we employ conditional statistics, denoted by ⟨⟩I, in order to eliminate the intermittency that affects statistics close to the jet edge. The physical mechanisms behind scalar mixing near the T/NT interfaces, their scales and topology are investigated detail. Analysis of the instantaneous fields showed intense scalar gradient sheet-like structures along regions of persistent strain, in particular at the T/NT interface. The scalar gradient transport equation, at the jet edge, showed that almost all mixing mechanisms are taking place in a confined region, beyond which they become reduced to an almost in perfect balance between production and dissipation of scalar variance. At the T/NT interface transport mechanisms are the ones responsible for the growth in the scalar fluctuations to the entrained fluid, where convection plays a dominant role, smoothing scalar gradients inside the interface and boosting them as far as


Thermal stability of AlGaN/GaN MOS-HEMTs and -diodes using Gd2O3 are investigated by means of different thermal cycles and storage tests up to 500°C for one week. IV DC and pulsed characteristics of the devices before and after the processes are evaluated and compared with conventional HEMTs. Results show that the devices with Gd2O3 dielectric layer have lower leakage current and a more stable behavior during thermal treatment processes compared with conventional devices. In fact, an excellent on/off ratio of about 108 and a stable Vt is observed after storage at high temperature. The beneficial effects of Gd2O3 on trapping effects of MOS-HEMTs are also discussed.


Corpus linguistic research relies on corpora which generally display an unbalanced structure. We will discuss a potential corollary of this biased structure which is rarely accounted for in (corpus) linguistics, namely confounding variables. These are variables increasing, diminishing or reversing an explanatory variable's marginal effect compared to its conditional effect. Analyzing four instances of confounding in a variational case study governed by a series of categorical explanatory variables, we will argue that these latent confounders can be unveiled modeling the co-occurrence patterns of the explanatory variables by means of a multiple correspondence analysis.


The association of Addison's disease and chronic lymphocytic thyroiditis is a well-known disease complex, historically known as Schmidt disease. Here, we present the case of a patient who presented with primary Addison's disease and on further evaluation was also found to have a subclinical hypothyroidism without a positive marker of autoimmunity. The coexistence of these endocrine disorders simultaneously without thyroid peroxidase antibody positivity and steroid replacement alone in such a case resulting in complete recovery of thyroid function had not described in the literature.


This study aimed to verify the factorial and internal validity of the Brazilian version of Exercise Motivation Inventory-2 (EMI-2) and compare the main reasons for exercise training considering the contexts of health clubs and personal training. A total of 588 exercisers of Pelotas city / RS / Brazil (405 from health clubs and 183 from personal training) filled the EMI-2, which consists of 51 items grouped into 14 motives (factors) for exercise. The factorial validity of the EMI-2 was tested by conducting confirmatory factorial analyzes and the internal validity by computing Cronbach's alpha. To verify the effect of the context on the motives it was used the MANOVA test and calculated the effect-size. The results obtained support the EMI-2 original structure of 14 factors in this sample. There was a significant multivariate effect of the context on the motives for exercising [Wilks' λ = 0.912, F (14, 573.000) = 3.9, p < 0.001, η² = 0.088]. The motives of "Pleasure", "Strength and Endurance", "Challenge", "Socialization", "Competition" and "Social Recognition" were significantly higher in the context of health clubs and the motives of "Agility" and "Prevention of Diseases" were significantly higher in the context of personal training.


We present cubic and spherical multi-screen fish tank virtual reality displays that use novel interactive and automatic calibration techniques to achieve convincing 3D effects. The two displays contrast the challenges and benefits of multiple projectors or flat-panel screens, borders or borderless, and the performance of headtrackers. Individuals will be able to subjectively evaluate the visual fidelity of the displays by comparing physical objects to their virtual counterparts, comparing the two displays, and by changing the level of calibration accuracy. They will be able to test the first markerless, interactive, and user-dependent headtracker calibration that promises accurate viewpoint registration without the need for manual measurements. In conjunction with an automatic screen calibration technique, the displays will offer a unique and convincing 3D experience.


Diverse additives were subjected to a series of three screening phases to assess their suitability with a steam drive process for recovery of tar sand and heavy oil resources. The resources studied were tar and mateials from Utah and Alberta and heavy oil materials from California and Saskatchewan. The first screening phase, which consisted of a literature review, identified over 120 potential additives to steam processes. In the succeeding screening phases, these additives were subjected to semiquantitative laboratory evaluations using actual resource materials. Chemical and physical evaluations were conducted during the second screening phase to assess additive enhancement of steam process oil recovery mechanisms, additive thermal stability at steam process temperatures, and additive/matix interactions. Additives demonstrating potential enhancement of steam process oil recovery, adequate thermal stability and acceptable additive/matrix interactions were subjected to process simulations in unscaled physical models during the third and final screening phase. The hot water region of the steam drive process was simulated with a hot water drive in an elemental core apparatus. Improvements in oil recovery were established by comparing oil recovery from simulations with additives to a baseline run without an additive. A total of 46 Phase 3 tests were performed. A list of more » additive/resource combinations which demonstrated increased oil recovery was compiled. 5 refs., 18 figs., 35 tabs. « less


Buckwheat is gaining increasing attention as a potential functional food due to its content of bioactive compounds such as rutin, quercetin and other antioxidant substances. In this paper changes in content of rutin, quercetin and antioxidant activity in buckwheat have been measured during germination and fermentation. Buckwheat seeds were germinated for 2 days at 18°C and dried for 20 h at 60°C. Fermentation was carried out at 30°C for Bif. breve BV-B and Bac. subtilis, 37°C for Lactobacillus spp. and Bif. animalis, and 40°C for Bacillus sp. 224 B4 and Bac. subtilis B53 for 48-72 h. When the buckwheat was germinated, the content of rutin decreased from 0.17 g kg-1 to 0.1 g kg-1 and did not show the effect on increasing the content of quercetin during germination (0.18-0.19 g kg-1). However, when the germinated buckwheat was fermented with Bifidobacterium breve BV-B, Bacillus subtilis B53, and Lactobacillus buchneri, the contents of rutin and quercetin increased to 0.97 g kg-1 and 2.53 g kg-1, 0.56 g kg-1 and 0.13 g kg-1, 0.37 g kg-1 and 0.16 g kg-1, respectively. The antioxidant activities such as total phenolic compounds, total flavonoid content, DPPH radical scavenging activity and ABTS radical scavenging activity of fermented buckwheat were 3.41%, 4.28%, 65.21% and 45.46%, respectively, when Lac. buchneri microorganism was used. Lac. plantarum, Bif. animalis, and Bif. breve BV-B showed active fermentation. Overall acceptability of germinated buckwheat fermented by Bacillus sp. 224 B4, Bac. subtilis B53, Bac. subtilis KCCM11315, Bif. animalis, and Bif. breve BV-B was evaluated as good or very good. This study shows that germinated buckwheat fermented with Lac. buchneri, Lac. plantarum, Bif. animalis and Bif. breve BV-B, respectively, is promising as a health functional food.


In this report, we present a case with floor of mouth squamous cell carcinoma who underwent wide excision of tumor, a marginal mandibulectomy and bilateral selective neck dissections. A 7 cm × 4 cm fasciocutaneous flap based on a posterior tibial artery perforator (PTAP) from the left posterior leg was harvested to reconstruct a floor of the mouth defect. The donor‐site defect was closed primarily. The flap survived in its entirety. No donor or recipient site complications occurred. The patient tolerated a regular diet at 3‐month follow‐up with normal speech and leg function. To our knowledge, there has been no previous report on the use of the PTAP flap for floor of mouth reconstruction. Our experience has shown the PTAP flap could be one of options for small defects. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microsurgery, 2011.


This paper exposes revisions made of existing information on Small Hydroelectric Plants (SHPs), focusing the description on three aspects: turbines most commonly used, characteristics of generators, y a brief description of Colombian legislation regarding small generation. This review also includes a brief description of the constituent elements y the development of SHPs in Colombia.


Objective: We compared suspect, probable, and confirmed case definitions, as well as diagnostic testing criteria, used in the COVID-19 pandemic's 25 highest burden countries to aid interpretation of global and national surveillance data. Methods: We identified the COVID-19 pandemic's 25 countries with the highest disease burden based on the number of cumulative reported cases to the World Health Organization (WHO) as of 1 October 2020. We searched official websites of these countries for suspect, probable, and confirmed case definitions. Given that confirmation of COVID-19 usually requires diagnostic testing, we also searched for diagnostic testing eligibility criteria in these countries. Extracted case definitions and testing criteria were managed in a database and analyzed in Microsoft Excel. Findings: We identified suspect, probable, and confirmed case definitions in 96%, 64%, and 100% of countries, respectively. Testing criteria were identified in 100% of countries. 56% of identified countries followed WHO recommendations for using a combination of clinical and epidemiological criteria as part of the suspect case definition. 75% of identified countries followed WHO recommendations on using clinical, epidemiological, and diagnostic criteria for probable cases. 72% of countries followed WHO recommendations on using PCR testing for confirming a case of COVID-19. Finally, 64% of countries used testing eligibility criteria at least as permissive as WHO. Conclusion: There is marked heterogeneity in who is eligible for testing in countries and how countries define a case of COVID-19. This affects the ability to compare burden, transmission, and response impact estimates derived from case surveillance data across countries.


The southern Appalachian Mountains have experienced large population growth and a change in land use in the past 30 years. The majority of development has been low density, suburban land, known as exurban development. Lotic Systems and riparian areas are severely degraded by conversion from urban to rural land uses. The long-term effects of exurbanization on riparian vegetative communities and stream salamanders in the southern Appalachian Mountains are not well known. We sought to determine if vegetative community composition and structure change with time since neighborhood development or with the amount of impervious surface within the watershed. In order to determine the temporal influence of exurban housing on salamanders and riparian vegetation we sampled 27 streams and riparian areas in watersheds containing exurban neighborhoods ranging in age from four to forty-four years, along with eight forested streams, over the course of two field seasons. Watershed scale variables such as neighborhood age and impervious surface cover did not influence the aspects of riparian vegetation community we measured, and usually did not influence salamanders. Local habitat variables offered better predictions of vegetation community metrics as well as salamander occupancy and abundance. Exurban neighborhoods and their landowners may have the potential to manage for riparian vegetation and salamanders through the use of maintained stream buffer zones along the entire length of the stream and reduction in road salts and impervious surfaces. iii DEDICATION I would like to dedicate this thesis to my parents, for their never ending support in my six and a half years as a student. For their continual encouragement and inspiration in my childhood and for helping to lead me towards my profession as a wildlife biologist. I am forever thankful for my father getting me involved in the outdoors and the boy scouts; and for my mother encouraging the pursuit of scientific exploration. iv ACKNOWLEDGMENTS


An obstructed nasal airway is known to be a potential contributing factor in the development of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). Correction of an obstructed nasal airway should, therefore, logically improve OSA. Review of experimental data, however, indicates that correction of an obstructed nasal airway often does not improve objective data measuring the severity of OSA. In fact, an improved airway often results in worsening the OSA. This article reviews data on the effects of nasal surgery in comparing polysomnograms before and after surgery. It also reviews the effects of an improved nasal airway on continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) levels and compliance rate of CPAP use.Most patients report an improvement in nasal and sleep symptoms after correction of a nasal airway obstruction; however, nasal surgery alone does not consistently improve OSA when measured objectively. Depending upon the severity of OSA, nasal airway reconstruction may contribute to a decrease in CPAP level and improvement in oxygen saturation. Correction of the obstructed nasal airway should be included in the overall management of OSA.


The workers of the ant Myrmica sabuleti detain numerosity abilities, have a notion of the running time, and can acquire operant conditioning. The present work examines if, according to these skills and through conditioning, the workers of this ant can associate a learned quantity of a given element with the time period of its occurrence. We collectively trained such ants from 8 to 19 o'clock to a stand bearing a given quantity of an element and from 20 o'clock to 7 o'clock next day to a stand bearing another quantity of the same element, and we tested them in front of these two amounts at 16 o'clock and 4 o'clock next day. At 16 o'clock, the ants reacted essentially to the amount presented during training from 8 to 19 o'clock, and at 4 o'clock to the amount presented during training from 20 o'clock to 7 o'clock. They thus associated the learned quantity of an element with the period of the day during which this learning occurred. It may be argued that this association simply results from the three cognitive capabilities cited here above, and does not require any other more complex skill. In addition, the ants appeared to have better learned from 20 to 7 o'clock than from 8 to 19 o'clock, i.e., during the time of day corresponding to their period of highest natural activity.


This paper introduces the analysis criteria of on-board measuring system of track circuit for improving maintenance efficiency on HSL. In Korea, as there is no direction for utilizing the track circuit measuring signal collected from on-board measuring system in the on-site maintenance and also there are no analysis criteria for decision of signal abnormality, this paper compared measured continuous information signal level with on-site track circuit characteristic. Also, the reference value of ballast leakage resistance and leakage conductance, which is the cause of signal level attenuation for each frequency of track circuit, has been presented and the maximum and minimum impedance value of capacitor for each frequency has been measured. Based on this, we shall provide track circuit attenuation property criteria for consistent maintenance on HSL. Though the measured data of sensor is normal voltage in the UVR of the track circuit, in case it is moved to the UVE, it is different with values of site as the shorted voltage value by the wheel axle is measured. In order to improve these problems, the analysis criteria of short circuit current level have been reviewed.


K-12+ (K-12 and higher ed) education is currently undergoing a technological revolution creating opportunities for Virtual-, Augmented-, and Mixed-Reality based learning (hereafter referred to as XR [extended reality]) technologies. Technology integration will continue to increase as mobile devices penetrate all socioeconomic strata, and as XR technologies become affordable to schools, vocational education providers, universities, and informal educational settings. These technologies have the potential to facilitate effective learning by: developing the ability to engage students of all ages with interactive 3D simulations of real-life and artificial phenomena; presenting information that is spatially – and temporally – integrated with real objects; leveraging whole-body motions to depict and reinforce learning content. However, there are many questions about the integration of such experiences into the classroom, such as: What curriculum topics might be addressed through XR technologies?; What socio-cultural, psychological and physiological mechanisms underlie embodied cognition?; How can we design experiences that are appropriate for the different stages of human development?; How will pedagogical approaches be influenced by such technologies?; and, What are the ethical and legal implications of using XR technology for education? In this workshop we aim to bring together educators, developers and researchers who are interested in creating and deploying XR technologies for the educational contexts of the future. The workshop will enable participants to discuss and engage with different approaches for designing and integrating XR technologies with a specific focus on the challenges and potentialfor embodied learning in the classroom for K-12, vocational and higher education.


3593 Background: In previous clinical studies, a positive effect was noted in patients with CRC heavily pretreated with chemotherapy who received the novel microtubule stabilizer patupilone (EPO906; epothilone B) once-weekly or q3wk; however, susceptibility to diarrhea was high and response rates were modest. This dose-escalation trial examined the safety/efficacy of 3 patupilone regimens in chemotherapy-pretreated patients with CRC who received nutritional support and intensive diarrhea management.

METHODS
Patients with histologically confirmed CRC, without ileo- or colostomy or history of abdominal/pelvic irradiation, and who relapsed or were refractory after ≤4 prior chemotherapy regimens received nutritional support, intensive diarrhea management if needed, and patupilone as IV bolus q3wk or 1-or 5-day continuous IV (CIV) q3wk at doses of 6-10 mg/m2. Additional inclusion criteria: ≥1 measurable lesion; age ≥18 years; WHO performance status <2; no hepatic, renal, or hematologic impairment. Nutritional supplementation: ω-3 fatty acids, pre- and probiotics, antisecretory factor, and glutamine. Diarrhea management: appropriate clinical care, loperamide, opium tincture, codeine, and octreotide. Dose escalation was per protocol following a 3+3 design. The primary objective of this trial was to determine the maximum tolerated dose of the 3 patupilone treatment schedules in these patients.

RESULTS
Forty-four patients were enrolled: bolus, n = 22; 5-day CIV, n = 3; 1-day CIV, n = 19. Mean age 58.8 years; 95% Caucasian; 54% men. In the 5-day CIV arm, enrollment was closed at the 6.5-mg/m2 dose level since 2 dose-limiting toxicities (severe diarrhea) were reported. With bolus and 1-day CIV, the current doses are 10 and 9 mg/m2, respectively. The most common adverse events in the 43 patients evaluable for safety were diarrhea (70%), asthenia (23%), and nausea (21%). Grade 3 diarrhea occurred in 9 patients (21%). Overall response: 4 partial responses and 13 stable disease.

CONCLUSIONS
Preliminary results suggest that patupilone monotherapy administered q3wk + intensive diarrhea management may prove beneficial in patients with CRC who progressed after 2-3 chemotherapy regimens. [Table: see text].


Abstract Soil respiration is a major pathway by which carbon dioxide (CO2) fixed by terrestrial plants returns to the atmosphere. Studies of the dynamics of soil respiration in sandy land are rare and the contribution (Rc) of plant root respiration to the total soil respiration (Rt) is not well known. In this study, Rt in a semi-fixed dune planted with Artemisia halodendron was separated into autotrophic (root) respiration (Ra) and heterotrophic respiration (Rh) by the root-exclusion method. Rt and its two components were measured or calculated during 2013 on seven dates during the growing season when variation during the day was measured. Both Ra and Rh showed similar dynamics, with the maximum rates observed in July and with large daily variability observed on the earlier dates. Rc ranged from 39.3% to 53.1% during the growing season and exhibited a single peak in early August. Soil temperature at a depth of 20 cm was significantly correlated with soil respiration. Ra was more sensitive to soil temperature than Rh and the temperature sensitivity coefficients (Q10) were 3.39, 2.52, and 2.79 for Ra, Rh, and Rt, respectively. In summary, A. halodendron roots contributed an average of 46% to the total soil respiration, although this contribution varied during the growing season.


There were many slave-girls in the period of Kingdom of Heavenly Peace. These women were mal-treated as slaves in the country and at home, and also as sex slaves. This shows the failure of policy of women and the low position of women slaves in the period of Kingdom of Heavenly Peace.


This article deals with the cultural processes, the state of literature and art, and the activities of theaters in the 80s of the twentieth century in Kashkadarya region, one of the remote regions of the former Soviet Union, one of the southern regions of the Uzbek SSR


Coral reef degradation in Indonesia is increasingly alarming. For this reason, efforts are needed to rehabilitate coral reef ecosystems. In this study, we explained the effect of coral transplantation on the structure of coral fish communities in the waters of Harapan Island, precisely on Rosa and Pamegaran Island, Seribu Archipelago National Park. The study of the reef fish community structure was carried out for 8 weeks from February 2019 to April 2019. This study was conducted by scuba diving to dive directly into the coral transplant sites. During the study period, a total of 35 species (14 families) were observed. There is an increase in fish abundance per 50m² which is significant over time for 8 weeks of observation (α 0.05). Significant differences in abundance of reef fish also occurred between the two islands (α 0.05), indicating that differences in the depth of the location of coral transplants can also affect the abundance of reef fish. It can be concluded that coral transplantation efforts succeeded in increasing the abundance of individual reef fish on both coral transplantation islands.


According to the situation of difficult passing in rock roadway excavation, design and research the drilling anchor integration machine, can carry out drilling operation in tunnel second level,with loader in tunnel first level for parallel operation; it integrate double propulsion mechanism for chisel blasting holes and chisel bolt hole, can be used wireless remote control operation; it comprises 6parts, including a drill department, suspension driving part, frame part, the jacking device and the electric control system of pumping station; it provide a different way of working for the rock parallel driving, it will produce the enormous economic benefits and social benefits.


The sustainable finance implementation is a comprehensive support for the financial services industry as an intermediary institution that supports Sustainable Development Goals. The purpose of this study was to analyze the role of corporate governance mechanisms as moderating effect of green intellectual capital and green accounting on sustainable finance implementation in banks listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange. The study use quantitative method and data in this study uses 149 firm years banking companies taken from the company's Annual Report and/or Sustainability Report using the 2016 to 2020 observation period. This study uses the Moderated Regression Analysis (MRA) method. The result of study that green human capital, green structural capital and green accounting have a positive effect on sustainable finance implementation. Meanwhile, green relational capital has no effect on sustainable finance implementation. In addition, the corporate governance mechanism is not able to moderate the influence of green human capital, green structural capital, green relational and green accounting on sustainable finance implementation. For control variables, firm size, leverage and firm age have an effect on sustainable finance implementation, while profitability has no effect on sustainable finance implementation.


Great social changes in the network times will inev itably cause business management to bring forth new ideas and to reengineer the corporation. It is of great significance to bring forth new ideas and to reengi neer the corporation in implementing the democratic management, having it int ernationalized, and gaining preponderance in competition for high efficiency. This paper argues that bringing forth new ideas and reengineering the corporatio n should be carried out in many fields such as management mentality, management culture,management modes, management objects and subjects.


Recent deep learning-based video compressive sensing (VCS) approaches have yielded impressive achievements on recovery performance, but the utilization of inter-frame correlations was still limited, thus leaving much room for further improvements. In this paper, we propose a novel VCS reconstruction network, named ABPN, to fully exploit the temporal correlations among neighboring frames. Different from previous works that only extract temporal information from key frames, the proposed network involves the whole sequence to propagate features bidirectionally, and each time step can directly extract long-term information from proceeding steps through temporally dense connections. Moreover, in each propagation branch, a flow-based alignment method is adopted to build accurate temporal correspondences between frames, and an attention-aware multi-frame fusion module (AMF) is proposed to encourage informative features and penalize ones with poor quality when aggregating aligned frames. Experimental results demonstrate the superiority of proposed network compared with other state-of-the-art approaches.


In this work, we report the design of pH-controlled releasing behaviors of polydopamine/tannic acid-allicin@chitosan (PDA/TA-ALL@CS) multilayer coatings to realize antibacterial and antifouling effects. The pH-responsive ALL@CS capsules were prepared using the microemulsion method with about 262–452 nm diameter. The bacteriostasis of ALL@CS microcapsules against E. coli, S. aureus, and P. aeruginosa all exceeded 94% as evaluated using the colony counting method. Because of the protonation in acid environments and deprotonation in alkaline environments for the amino groups of CS, ALL as biocides can be released from the nanocapsules and exert outstanding antibacterial properties. Confirmed by the plate colony counts, the ALL@CS capsules possessed an outstanding antibacterial effect for E. coli in acid solutions but were less effective in alkaline solutions. The PDA/TA-ALL@CS-7 coatings showed durable pH-responsive antibacterial activities with an efficiency of ∼87% after immersion in pH 8 solutions for seven days. The PDA/TA-ALL@CS coating with controlled release performance and antibacterial properties may provide a new solution for developing antifouling coating applications in the marine environment.


Generative adversarial networks (GANs) exhibit training pathologies that can lead to convergence-related degenerative behaviors, whereas spatially-distributed, coevolutionary algorithms (CEAs) for GAN training, e.g. Lipizzaner, are empirically robust to them. The robustness arises from diversity that occurs by training populations of generators and discriminators in each cell of a toroidal grid. Communication, where signals in the form of parameters of the best GAN in a cell propagate in four directions: North, South, West and East, also plays a role, by communicating adaptations that are both new and fit. We propose Lipi-Ring, a distributed CEA like Lipizzaner, except that it uses a different spatial topology, i.e. a ring. Our central question is whether the different directionality of signal propagation (effectively migration to one or more neighbors on each side of a cell) meets or exceeds the performance quality and training efficiency of Lipizzaner. Experimental analysis on different datasets (i.e, MNIST, CelebA, and COVID-19 chest X-ray images) shows that there are no significant differences between the performances of the trained generative models by both methods. However, Lipi-Ring significantly reduces the computational time (14.2%... 41.2%). Thus, Lipi-Ring offers an alternative to Lipizzaner when the computational cost of training matters.


Recording medium, pref. a disc, comprises a magneto-optic layer (I) and a magnetic recording layer (II), data recorded on (II) producing fringing magnetic fields which magnetise (I) under the influence of a laser beam. Pref. (I) is an amorphous alloy of rare earth acid transition metals, pref. Gd, Tb or Dy; and Fe, Ni or Co. Pref. (II) contains Fe2O3 or CrO2.


The goal of this research is to develop a Heel/Side Laster and control GUI(Graphic User Interface) for adaptive manufacturing. For this purpose, we have analyzed the working sequences of heel/side laster, and developed a control program that will facilitate the machineries with functions that are suitable for adaptive manufacturing. We also made it possible to modify the gluing path with simple manipulation of CAD data. By providing a user-friendly GUI, we made it possible for unskilled workers use the system without difficulty. In addition, we have developed a flexible environment where the already available CAD data can be modified and saved with ease. Automatic feeding and path control algorithms for thermoplastic cement were also implemented. By using the Heel/Side Laster for adaptive manufacturing, we are able to achieve increased productivity and work efficiency while improving the quality of the product with self-diagnosis and fine adjustment function.


Because of the financial system which is concentrated on bank credit,East Asia faces two big problems which are huge financial risk and low efficient surplus using.It is the direct reason why the East Asia performed weakly in the Asian Financial Crisis.In order to settle these two problems or release their harm,all of the East Asian countries and regions brought constructive plans.As a period achievement,Asian Bond Funds(ABF) which includes ABF1 and ABF2 has been issued.Although ABF acts positively in the development of Asian bond market,its limitation is obvious.The main development trend of ABF will be the diversity of investment objects and investors.


Snakebites are a real public health problem in Morocco, from the point of view of incidence and mortality. Inorder to contribute to the reduction of the resulting morbidity and mortality, the present work aims to describe the epidemiological profile of cases of Snakebites and to follow the spatio-temporal trends of the health indicators studied (incidence, fatality and mortality). The methodology adopted consists of a retrospective analysis of the cases collected from the Anti Poison and Pharmacovigilance Center of Morocco from specific hospitalization records. Between 2012 and 2015, the MPCC gathered 224 cases. The mean age was 26.9 ± 18.9 years with a sex ratio (M / F) of 1.4. Most of the bites occurred during hot seasons (84%) and in rural areas (95%). The time to hospitalization exceeded 24 hours in 7% of cases. Clinically, compartment syndrome was observed in 17 patients, renal failure in 13 patients and shock in 13 patients. The distribution according to clinical gradation was almost uniform. From a therapeutic standpoint, in addition to the antivenom, two types of treatment were the most recommended: symptomatic treatment based on the administration of analgesics (n = 168) and on the administration of an antitetanus serum (n = 99), and treatment involving transfusion (n = 58). Analysis of all of these files enabled us to detect parameters having a direct impact on morbidity and mortality following a bite and ophidian envenomation, on which the competent authorities should focus in order to thwart this scourge and its complications.


We charaterise the socially optimal mix of firms in an oligopoly with both profit-seeking and labour-managed firms. The policy maker faces a twofold externality: (i) production entails the exploitation of a common pool natural resource and (ii) production/consumption pollutes the environment. We study the relationship between firms' mix and social welfare in the Cournot-Nash equilibrium of the industry and the resulting policy implications.


Informal work is a prevalent condition in the working population of the market square, whose informal conditions at the labor level allow an interesting approach to their health and safety conditions at work. This study is a quantitative investigation with a descriptive scope. The general objective is to describe the theories that are related and justified with informality. An interesting aspect lies in the initial approach that was taken in the research process, taking into account the behavioral characteristics of the informal workers in the Ubaté market place. The initially achieved results allow describing that informal worker identify that there are risks in their workplace, however they recognize biological, physical and ergonomic risks as the most prevalent. However, these conditions must be evaluated by implementing the initial risk assessment to identify their level. Some theories are related to safe behavior, which becomes an interest to achieve safe work in this population group. Likewise, it is concluded that it is important to implement an initial risk assessment, implementing a methodology that allows identifying what they are and how favorable changes can be generated in their working conditions.


The invention discloses a breviscapinum long-circulating nanoliposome and its preparation method, wherein the constituents include breviscapine, phosphatide, polyethylene glycol derived phosphatide (PEG2000-DSPE) and cholestrin by a molar ratio of 55:25-55:3-7:2.2-18.3, the dose type of the medicinal preparation includes injections, freeze-dried powder injections and sprays. The phospholipids canbe soya bean lecithin, yolk phosphatidy icholine, hydrogenated soya bean lecithin, hydrogenated yolk lecithin, di-palmityl phosphatidyl choline or DPOG.