This dissertation describes MIMES, a nonlinear model for the optimization of linked material and energy flow systems. The model is generic, intended for systems that can be described by material and energy balances. MIMES offers an improvement to the existing energy systems engineering models on which it is based, by its inclusion of material flows and the joint optimization of both energy and material flows. The technical modelling procedure is presented with a description of the four stages of the model: the graphic description by REMS flow diagrams, the descriptions of processes by DEVICES, the mathematical representation and, finally, the optimization. The procedure for specifying control and communication between system parts receives special attention. The purpose of the model is to provide a tool to assist decisions about systems with complex and nested material and energy flows. Issues suitable for analysis by the model range from energy conservation in industrial plants, specific industries or industrial subsectors to municipal waste management and to fuel and material life cycle analysis. This dissertation presents applications to two of these issues, municipal solid waste management and energy conservation in industrial plants. In the waste management systems applications, MIMES is used for broad technical analysis for the purpose of evaluating strategies for future development. Present-day waste management organizations confront a broad range of concerns, including strategies for source separation and recycling, new technical options for waste processing, sales to the energy and material market, and options for reducing pollutants and emissions resulting from the system. MIMES, referred to as MIMES/WASTE in this application, is a tool to assist decisions in these areas. MIMES/WASTE is more comprehensive than earlier models. The joint optimization of energy and materials, the integration of emissions control and the detailed description of waste streams are the main improvements. The application of the model for industrial systems is demonstrated for a paper production line in a paper mill. The example shows how the model can be used for joint analysis of energy and water conservation, substitution of energy carriers, and utilization of waste heat outside the system. The latter is demonstrated for the option of selling low-temperature water to the district heating utility.


In this paper we report the first hyperpolarizabilities (beta) of 12, sulfophthalein dyes. Since these dyes are ionic in nature, their second-order nonlinearities were measured by the hyper-Rayleigh scattering technique in solution. The measured beta values are large and highly solvent dependent. Inclusion of solvent polarity in ab initio estimates of static second-order polarizability does not fully account for the experimental beta values. Contributions from the dissociated forms of the dye in different solvents seem to play an important role in enhancing beta in these systems.


Chronotype is an individual's preferred timing of sleep and activity, and is often referred to as a later chronotype (or evening‐type) or an earlier chronotype (or morning‐type). Having an evening chronotype is associated with more severe depressive and anxiety symptoms. Based on these findings it is has been suggested that chronotype is a stable construct associated with vulnerability to develop depressive or anxiety disorders. To examine this, we test the stability of chronotype over 7 years, and its longitudinal association with the change in severity of depressive and anxiety symptoms.


Electronic states are calculated by the DV-Xα method for (i) the planar octahedron cluster Cu 4 O 20 , (ii) the planar pyramid cluster Cu 4 O 16 , (iii) the planar square cluster Cu 4 O 12 , and (iv) the linear square cluster Cu 4 O 13 , in the high T C superconductor oxides. The calculation is performed for cases where the cluster is completely ionic and where a single hole or electron is doped. The hole doped in the Cu 4 O 20 cluster stays in the Cu-O basal plane and does not stay at the apex O site. The hole or electron doped in the remaining three clusters stays over the whole cluster. It is important to take into account of Madelung energy in the calculation of electronic states of clusters cut out from crystals.


Extended Abstract 1Introduction Local periodic markets have important role in economics of Guilan province. The local periodic markets are focal point in urban-rural interaction. The local periodic markets are place for urban and rural women activity. This situation makes a condition that these the local periodic markets be place for cultural and society activity nearest economic activity. Many people are active in the local periodic markets and women are important group among them. These women come to the markets from villages and cities. They have variety impetus from activity in the markets. These motivations are variety that includes economic, culture and society.


In order to clarify the effect of a trace sodium at high temperature ductility of 5083 aluminum alloys, elevated temperature tensile tests and microstructure observations were carried out in 5083 alloys containing various amounts of sodium (1–237 ppm). It was shown that sodium content has little effect on grain size and microstructure of 5083 alloys. The author detected sodium element at inclusions on grain boundaries in 5083 alloys containing 237 ppm of sodium using EDS. This suggests that a trace of sodium in 5083 alloys segregate at the inclusions. More than 7 ppm of sodium brought about ductility loss in 5083 alloys at 773 K regardless of grain size in a similar way as reported in 5183 alloys. The author showed that 16 ppm of sodium promote the nucleation of coarse voids during deforma-tion in 5083 alloys. Thus, it is clear that a trace of sodium plays an important role in high temperature ductility loss. On the other hand, 237 ppm of sodium brought about severe embitterment even at room temperature. The result of fracture surface analysis indicates that such a large amount of sodium impurity induces room temperature embrit-tlement because of significant decohesion of precipitate-matrix interface resulting from sodium segregation.


This study is on Melastoma malabathricum and Dissochaeta gracilis which are from the Melastomataceae family. The two samples were extracted using the cold extraction method with different polarity of solvent. Phytochemical analysis was done qualitatively to determine the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, phenols, tannins, terpenoids and steroids compounds. Antibacterial activity was analysed by disc diffusion method using Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis, Salmonella typhi and Escherichia coli. In addition, antioxidant activity was conducted to determine the percentage of DPPH scavenging of the crude extract. The study found that methanol crude extract has the highest percentage yield extraction. M. malabathricum and D. gracilis crude extracts found the presence of several phytochemicals such as steroid, flavonoid, terpenoid, tannin, saponin and phenols compounds with the absence in alkaloid compounds. Apart from that, the antibacterial activites showed ethyl acetate and methanol crude extract gave the higher inhibition of zone against all tested bacteria. This study shows both samples M. malabathricum and D. gracilis have a potential to be an antibacterial agent. Methanol crude extract for M. malabathricum and D. gracilis also exhibited free radical scavenging activity with an IC 50 value 111.90 µg/ml and 54.24 µg/ml. This study revealed that M. malabathricum and D. gracilis leave extracts are potential antimicrobial and antioxidant agents.


For many systems, there is a bias in the distribution of the first digits. For example, if one looks at the first digit of 2 in base 10, asn ranges over the positive integers, one observes 1 about 30% of the time (and not 9 ≈ .11% of the time as one might expect). This bias is known as Benford's Law, and occurs in a variety of phenomena. In fact, the IRS uses Benford's Law to check the tax returns of large corporations! We will show that if yn = logb xn is equidistributed mod1, thenxn is Benford baseb. This is sufficient to prove that Recurrence Relations (with distinct roots λ1, . . . , λk such that|λ1| ≥ · · · ≥ |λk| and |λ1| 6= 1) are Benford. In particular, this will imply that the Fibonacci numbers, which satisfy the Recurrence Relation an = an−1 + an−2, are Benford. In these notes we develop most of the techniques needed to prove these results. The only fact which we must assume is that if α 6∈ Q, thennα mod 1 is equidistributed. The first section introduces Benford's Law, and highlights the method of proof. The second section investigates Recurrence Relations. The final section is drawn from An Invitation to Modern Number Theory, by Steven J. Miller and Ramin Takloo-Bighash, and connects Benford's Law to the 3x + 1 problem (as well as providing some numerical investigations and explanation of statistical inference). The material in this section assumes prior knowledge of probability theory. For a nice introduction to Benford's Law, the reader should see [Hi1]; for an exposition on Benford's Law and Recurrence Relations, see [BrDu, NS].


The present paper describes the development of a sub-array element and a conformal array antenna front-end suited for radar applications. The aperture was built in a piecewise planar (faceted) and a novel smoothly curved way. Experimental results for both cases are shown and compared. Investigations on the radiation performance and mutual coupling are conducted for the case of a single curved antenna array of elliptical shape


Amphora angusta Gregory, Amphora ventricosa Gregory and Amphora macilenta Gregory have been misunderstood for the last 140 years. Gregory described these species from sublittoral sediments off the west coast of Scotland. Although the illustrations were excellent for their time (1857), it is impossible to be confident of identification using Gregory's paper, and subsequent authors have created such confusion that records of these taxa must be regarded as untrustworthy unless backed by photographic evidence. In this paper, the first to describe in detail the recently established genus Seminavis, we show that A. angusta is in fact a species of Amphora Ehrenberg, whereas A. ventricosa sensu Gregory represents two independent species of the genus Seminavis D. G. Mann, namely Seminavis ventricosa (Gregory) Garcia-Baptista (non S. ventricosa sensu Garcia-Baptista 1993) and Seminavis arranensis Danielidis & D. G. Mann, sp. nov. The form usually known as A. ventricosa is neither of these and requires a new name, Seminavis robusta Danielidis & D. G. Mann, sp. nov. The long forgotten and misclassified species A. macilenta Gregory is shown to be yet another Seminavis species, requiring a new combination as S. macilenta (Gregory) Danielidis & D. G. Mann, comb. nov.; contrary to previous claims, it is separate from A. ergadensis Gregory, which is a true Amphora. Valve and girdle ultrastructure, plastid arrangement and auxosporulation are described for Seminavis and resemble those in the Naviculaceae sensu stricto.


Like brain surgery, replacing the I&C system in a power station is complicated, expensive and very stressful. So an I&C system that never goes obsolete should prove a very attractive proposition for plant owner/operators.


Inspired by the recent work by Delacretaz et. al., we rigorously derive an exact and simple method to bosonize a non-interacting fermionic system with a Fermi surface starting from a microscopic Hamiltonian. In the long-wavelength limit, we show that the derived bosonized action is exactly equivalent to the action obtained by Delacretaz et. al. In addition, we propose diagrammatic rules to evaluate correlation functions using our bosonized theory and demonstrate these rules by calculating the three- and four-point density correlation functions. We also consider a general density-density interaction and show that the simplest approximation in our bosonic theory is identical to RPA results.


New species of Triassic Homoptera and Heteroptera from the Brookvale series of New South Wales and Mt. Crosby, Queensland, are described, one homopteron from the Upper Permian of Warner's Bay, N.S.W., and Homoptera previously recorded from Palaeozoic and Mesozoic strata in Australia and elsewhere are reviewed. New illustrations, made from type specimens, are given for some Australian species. Representatives of the family Scytinopteridae, previously known only from Permian strata, are recorded from the Triassic. Two forewings of uncertain affinities, but having venational features similar to hylicids, are ascribed to species in genera placed in a new family, the Hylicellidae. For leaf-hoppers which are regarded as transitional between the Palaeozoic and Mesozoic faunas, a new family, the Stenoviciidae, is proposed, and another new family, the Chiliocyclidae, is proposed for a group of Mesozoic leaf-hoppers of wide distribution. A forewing from the Triassic of Queensland is identified as that of a eurymelid and another as a cicadellid. The earliest undoubted cercopid, so far recorded, is described from the Triassic; a new family, the Eoscarterellidae, is defined to comprise insects of probable cercopoid affinities, and the family Dysmorphoptilidae is transferred to the Cercopoidea. As the genus Palaeontina Butler is considered not to be a homopteron, a new family name, the Cicadomorphidae, is proposed for large Homoptera with cicada-like wings, previously recorded only from the Jurassic of Europe and which formerly have been included in the family Palaeontinidae. A new genus and species belonging to the Cicadomorphidae is described from the Triassic of New South Wales. The relationships of a new family, the Cicadoprosbolidae, and of the Mesogereonidae are discussed and both are considered to be allied to the Cicadidae. Two new psylloids are described and also an aphid, the latter being the first representative of the Aphidoidea to be recorded from Triassic strata. No new fulgoroids are described but problems associated with the determination of fulgoroid venation are discussed. The genus Actinoscytim Tillyard is transferred from the Homoptera to the Heteroptera and together with three new genera ascribed to a new family, the Actinoscytinidae. The family Ipsviciidae, formerly regarded as belonging to the Homoptera is also removed to the Heteroptera. The family Dunstaniidae is reviewed in the light of a re-examination of type specimens. Fossil fragments, poorly-preserved specimens, and wings of uncertain position which have at some time been referred to the Homoptera, are listed, and some are discussed. Possible derivations and interrelationships of the various major groups of Homoptera are indicated by means of a chart.


Objective To investigate the clinical efficacy of electroacupuncture plus electronic biofeedback training in treating common peroneal nerve injury.Method Forty patients were randomly allocated to two groups.The treatment group of 20 cases received electroacupuncture plus electronic biofeedback training and the control group of 20 cases,electronic biofeedback training alone.A comparative observation was performed.A comparison between the two groups was made using the Manual Muscle Testing(MMT) scale and the Activities of Daily Living(ADL) before treatment and after two and four courses of treatment.Result There was no statistically significant difference in the score on each scale between the two groups before treatment(P0.05).There was a statistically significant pre-post-treatment difference in both groups(P0.05).There was no statistically significant difference in the score on each scale between the two groups after two courses of treatment(P0.05),but there was a statistically significant difference after four courses of treatment(P0.05).Conclusion Electroacupuncture plus electronic biofeedback training is effective in treating common peroneal nerve injury.It helps to restore limb function,reduce the disability rate and improve the patients' quality of life.


Abstract Introduction: Due to motivation and immediate feedback during activities, exergame-based physical therapy may improve trunk balance and functionality in individuals with spinal cord injury (SCI). Objective: evaluate the effects of exergames on the trunk control of paraplegics with spinal cord injury or meningomyelocele. Method: case series involving four paraplegic patients, with SCI or meningomyelocele. Participants underwent a rehabilitation protocol using the exergame Nintendo Wii®, attending one weekly session for 4 weeks. Patients were encouraged to perform trunk movements in the sitting position using the Swordplay and Canoeing games. Data were collected before and after the intervention by applying the functional reach test adapted for trunk control evaluation, and transfer time and propulsion tests for functional assessment. Results: The intervention increased trunk control in 75% of the patients, with improvement varying between 6.4 and 25%. In the propulsion test, the intervention led to a decrease in half of the patients. For the cadence variable, in the same test, there was a reduction in the number of propulsions in 75% of the cases. In the transfer test, the intervention led to reduced chair-to-bed transfer time in all patients. Conclusion: Rehabilitation of paraplegics with the use of exergames can be considered viable, innovative and effective. However, future research with greater methodological rigor should be conducted in order to analyze the clinical applicability of this approach.


Thermogravimetric (TG) data of oil shale obtained at MI evaluate the kinetic parameters (i.e activation energy (E) and pre oil shale samples. Different heating rate employed with t he maximum process out by relating TG data for pyrolysis and combustio n with the ultimate analysis. behavior of oil shale during pyrolysis release; devolatization; and evolution of based on Arrhenius theory, are  direct Arrhenius plot method ; and temperature integral method is more close to the experiment


Let $S$ be a complete intersection surface defined by a net $\Lambda$ of quadrics in $\mathbb P^5$. In this paper we analyze GIT stability of nets of quadrics in $\mathbb P^5$ up to projective equivalence, and discuss some connections between a net of quadrics and the associated discriminant sextic curve. In particular, we prove that if $S$ is normal and the discriminant $\Delta(S)$ of $S$ is stable then $\Lambda$ is stable. And we prove that if $S$ has the reduced discriminant and $\Delta(S)$ is stable then $\Lambda$ is stable. Moreover, we prove that if $S$ has simple singularities then $\Delta(S)$ has simple singularities.


On 20 July 2017, the Full Federal Court handed down its decision in the appeals from the landmark Timber Creek compensation case - Northern Territory v Griffiths [2017] FCAFC 106. The Full Court upheld the $1.3 million award for hurt feelings and loss of spiritual attachment but held that the trial judge had overvalued the economic aspects of the native title.


An inexpensive, break-resistant IR gas cell has been constructed using a PVC compression tee. The cell allows for multiple experiments to be performed in freshman chemistry and advanced lab courses. The PVC cell can be assembled by the students and then dismantled and cleaned after their experiments are completed. This cell has been successfully used to analyze some of the components of cigarette smoke and car exhaust.


Life is becoming too busy to get medical appointments in person and to maintain a proper health care. The main idea of this work is to provide ease and comfort to patients while taking appointment from doctors and it also resolves the problems that the patients has to face while making an appointment. The android application Mr.Doc acts as a client whereas the database containing the doctor's details, patient's details and appointment details is maintained by a website that acts as a server.


Pathologic conditions are frequently associated with marked changes in heart rate (HR), which itself influences its variability (HRV). Accordingly, some researchers consider the HR and the HRV to be equivalent measures. The question was posed: Does the HRV afford different information than the HR itself? The HRV were investigated in ten patients during a normal autonomic tone and a pharmacological autonomic blockade, respectively. The results were analysed by calculation of the product-moment correlation coefficient and by means of linear regression of the HRV and the HR. Significant correlations were found between the HR and all of the HRV bands. The regression coefficients of the HR and HRV increased markedly after a sympathetic blockade. The extent of the regression decreased to nearly zero during a total vegetative blockade. It was concluded that (1) There is a significant negative correlation between the HR and the HRV; (2) The degree of this connection is influenced markedly by the actual tone of the autonomic nervous system, which means different information contents of the HR and its variability in the autonomic regulation of the circulation.


Introduction. During an MRI examination, induced radio frequency (RF) currents on electric conductors, such as electrode lines within catheters may cause temperature increase in surrounding regions. This heating problem has been investigated in several studies, with emphasis on properties such as resonance length and immersion length [1, 2, 3]. However, with the increasing development of MR-guided interventional systems, catheters are required to be connected to more complex connectivity systems, which transport the signal from the MR room to clinical monitoring tools. Few studies have recorded the effects of connecting catheters to standard clinical devices with unknown impedance (such as electrogram monitors, stimulator and electroanatomical mapping tools). The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of RF induced heating as a result of changing boundary conditions at the point of connection for a MR-guided clinical system. Methods. Simulations were performed using a commercially available method-of-moments based EM field solver (FEKO, EM Software & Systems, Hampton, VA, USA). The electrode lines were modeled as electrical wires, which were then terminated with loads of different impedance. Experiments were performed on a GE 1.5 Signa scanner. To meet the general requirements of the ASTM F2182-02a standard for testing of MRI heating of implants [4], we built a human trunk simulator filled with a gelled solution (10g/L of polyacrylic acid PAA, and 1.32 g/L of NaCl). The gelled phantom had final relative permittivity of 94 F/m and conductivity of 62 S/m. Temperature was recorded during pulse sequences with an average whole body SAR of 2.0W/Kg for 15 minutes. Finally, temperature measurements were performed using a fluoroptic system (Luxtron 3100, Luxtron, Santa Clara, CA). The catheters used [5] were not equipped with heat-mitigating devices. Simulations & Results.


Abstract : This review critically surveys types and accuracies of available satellite data, satellite data retrieval methodologies, and data requirements of numerical weather prediction (NWP) models. NWP modeling, parameterization and data assimilation methods are reviewed with particular attention to the hydrological variables. It is concluded that the means exist to obtain improved retrievals of cloud and moisture parameters and to better parameterize the hydrological cycle. Further advances in the retrieval of humidity profiles, the parameterizations of clouds and the objective analysis of humidity are required.


In this paper rest is viewed as a crucial element in both the wellbeing of an individual and the health of the psychotherapeutic relationship. Psychotherapists need to value and model rest as a skill to be learned and honed, and as an aspect of the client's inherent wisdom, or Brilliant Sanity. Eastern and Western approaches to rest as a required balance for effective action are explored. How rest can be observed and cultivated in the psychotherapeutic process is outlined, with particular emphasis on the fusion of relaxation, meditation, and psychotherapeutic approaches in the method of Restorative Processing.


Radioactive decay of high-level nuclear waste emplaced in a Yucca Mountain repository will produce an initial heat flux on the order of 30 to 50 times the heat flux in the Geysers geothermal reservoir in California (Hardin et al., 1998). Even though the rate of heat production decreases rapidly with time after emplacement, this heat flux will change the thermal and hydrologic environment, affecting both the host rock and conditions within the drifts in ways significant to key repository performance variables.


This paper is part of a great purpose to pay homage to Antonio Flavio Pierucci (1945-2012) and presents as its main objective, among so many possible directions in dialogue with the living author's work, a discussion on fundamentalism as privileged category for the comprehension of history, since the second half of 19th century, especially in the West. Searching for the historical and semantic accuracy, the original fundamentalist movement is presented as byproduct of a disenchanted and secularized modernity, according to Weber's theoretical legacy examined by Pierucci along his theoretical work (also a legacy). In the title of a paper for the general public, Pierucci states: "Creationism is fundamentalism" (in order to agree with one of Pierucci's favorite authors, Macaco Simao: "clearer,it's impossible!").


The aim of this work is electrochemical exfoliation of pyrolytic graphite for mass production of few-layer graphene nano sheets. It is synthesized by intercalation of graphite sheets in the electrolyte of two different
types of concentrations, one molar and two molar concentrations of nitric acid by application of positive bias. The voltage is gradually increased with an increment of 0.5V upto 8V and an interval of 3 minutes. The X-ray diffraction peaks corresponding to graphene sheet ((002) plane) were observed at 2θ positions of 26.35°. The morphology of as-synthesized FLGNSs is characterized by field emission scanning electron microscopy. The transparent layers of FLGNSs are observed in transmission electron microscopy. The number of layers in transparent graphene sheets is confirmed by the HRTEM. Through FTIR studies, the presence of functional groups of O-H and C-O has been identified. AFM topography revealed that the thickness of the single layer is in the range of 1 nm, and for few-layer graphene nano sheets are in the range of 5-6 nm only. However, FLGNSs could be readily distinguished through phase imaging of tapping-mode AFM, because of differences in hydrophobicity arising from their different oxygen contents. STM studies of graphene nanosheets revealed atomic scaled periodicity at very low tunneling currents (∼1 pA). Phase imaging showed distinct contrast difference between FLGNSs to the graphite substrate (HOPG), a result that was attributed to their extremely low conductivity. The atomically flatness of the graphene nano sheets and electronic properties were measured by scanning tunneling
microscopy. Scanning probe spectroscopy revealed the electronic properties like the density of states (DOS) and Dirac point (DP) of graphene sheets. The synthesized material can be used as a base material for the future applications such as desalination of sea water,
supercapacitors, sensors, solar cells, and coatings.


Background: The salivary glands tumors constitute an important area in the field of oral and maxillofacial pathology. Although, such tumors are uncommon, thus they are not rare. Pleomorphic adenoma is the most common salivary benign tumor and from a histological point of view, it contains the epithelial cell, the myo-epithelial cell and mesenchymal ingredient. Adenoid cystic carcinoma is an infiltrative malignant salivary gland tumor with three different histological patterns: cribriform, tubular or solid. RAS is a signal transduction protein for various important cellular processes such as cellular proliferation, differentiation, and survival by mediating the cell's response to extracellular stimulations. K-ras is a protein within the RAS family, and it functions in the same pathway of a Ras –Raf - Mek-Erk-map kinase pathway which plays a role in mediating cellular response to cell growth. K-ras appears to be involved in signal transduction and cell cycle regulation. Cyclooxygenase-2, an inducible enzyme in most cell types including keratinocytes, fibroblast and Tcell, catalyzes the synthesis of prostaglandins. Several processes in cancer may be influenced by Cox-2 including cell proliferation, apoptosis, and angiogenesis. Therefore, cyclooxygense2 may inhibit apoptosis via different pathways like down- regulation of arachidonic, up regulation of proto-oncogene Bcl2 and down-regulation of Bax, thus contributing to an increased survival rate. Aims of the study: This study was conducted to analyze the expression of K-ras oncogen and Cox-2 enzyme in pleomorphic adenoma and adenoid cystic carcinoma of salivary glands and to correlate the expression of the aforementioned biomarkers with the clinical parameters, histological subtypes and components, and with each other as well. Materials and Methods: In this study, 24paraffin embedded tissue blocks of salivary gland tumors were selected retrospectively from the files of the department of Oral pathology at the College of Dentistry, Baghdad University; 12 cases were pleomorphic adenoma and the other 12 cases were adenoid cystic carcinoma. Immunohistochemistry technique was used to assess K-ras oncogen and Cox-2 enzyme expression in these tumors. Results: Positive K-ras immunohistochemical expression was found in 11 (91.6%) and 8 (66.6%) of pleomorphic adenoma and adenojd cystic carcinoma studied cases respectively. Regarding Cox-2 expression, the results showed positive expression in 7 (58.3%) and1 (91.6 %) of pleomorphic adenoma and adenoid cystic carcinoma studied cases respectively. Statistically significant correlation was shown regarding K-ras expression with the sex of pleomorphic adenoma (P 0.044), while nonsignificant correlation was observed with other clinical parameters in pleomorphic adenoma and adenoid cystic carcinoma. Concerning Cox-2 expression, statistically significant correlation revealed with the site of pleomorphic adenoma (P 0.046) and the sex of adenoid cystic carcinoma (P 0.02), while non-significant correlation was found with other clinical parameters of both tumors. Conclusion: The present study showed a highly expression rate of K-ras in pleomorphic adenoma and highly expression rate of Cox-2 in adenoid cystic carcinoma. The results also showed that there is no significant correlation between the expression rate of both K-ras and Cox-2 among study cases.


The present paper utilizes the non-oscillatory nature of higher-order NURBS basis as shape functions and their derivatives to compute interlaminar normal stress in composite and sandwich beams, accurately and eciently. This avoids the extra step in postprocessing generally required in regular finite element formulation. Element-Free Galerkin formulation is derived for the first-order shear-deformable composite and sandwich beams and is adaptive in nature. The displacement and its higher derivatives are computed and compared with the analytical-exact solution. It is seen that the NURBS a shear-deformable beam is more ecient than the higher order B-Spline beam (HOBS). The interlaminar normal stress play an important role in through-the-thickness failure in composite and thus, require its accurate calculation, which necessitates the accurate calculation of second order derivative of displacement. Interlaminar shear and normal stresses are computed directly without the extra step required in post-processing. Various numerical examples are tested and validated with the analytical-exact solution.


The invention discloses a blue light excited praseodymium doped lanthanum fluoride red-light phosphor and a preparation method thereof. The chemical formula of the red-light phosphor is La[l-x]PrxF3, wherein x is larger than or equal to 10 and smaller than or equal to 10 , La[l-x]PrxF3 is praseodymium doped lanthanum fluoride powder, and the particle size ranges from 20 nm to 70 nm; the method comprises the steps that according to the components of La[l-x]PrxF3, a corresponding amount of lanthanum oxide, a corresponding amount of praseodymium oxide and an aqueous solution of nitric acid are prepared into an aqueous solution of rare earth nitrate under stirring, wherein the total rare earth ion concentration ranges from 0.1 mol/L to 0.5 mol/L; ammonium fluoride is added into the aqueous solution of rare earth nitrate for stirring, and a precursor solution is obtained; the precursor solution is placed in a closed state for reacting, and a reaction solution is obtained; the cooled reaction solution is subjected to solid-liquid separation, washing and drying in sequence, and the target product is obtained. The phosphor can be excited by blue light to emit red light, and the blue light excited praseodymium doped lanthanum fluoride red-light phosphor, a blue-light LED and a yellow-light phosphor can together be widely applied to indoor illumination of an LED easily.


The present invention provides a method for controlling a time division duplex transmission in a wireless telecommunications system for power requirements. The method utilizes changes in the burst data and midamble and the rate matching size to control transmission power.


A hook crossbeam of bridge crane as the research object was taben.Through the finite element analysis,the dangerous position of hook crossbeam was found,and the relationship between the stress of dangerous position and the hoisting load was obtained.Through the stress test,the correctness of the finite element analysis was verified.The stress spectrum of dangerous position was obtained by monitoring the hoisting load and calculating the stress.Using the nominal stress method,the residual fatigue life of the hook crossbeam was predicted.


ABSTRACT Education in Indonesia is increasingly worrisome. The ranking is done in ASEAN through the Education Index by Human Development Reports, where Indonesia is on 7th position with a score of 0.62. In addition, data from the Global Talent Competitiveness Index (GTCI) in 2019 said that in the 67th order out of 125, HR in Indonesia did not have good competitiveness compared to other countries. The population of this research is secondary school teachers in Batam City. 375 questionnaires were distributed to secondary schools in Batam City. This research was tested using SPSS. The results of this study indicate that motivation, satisfaction, attitude and performance of knowledge management have a significant effect on performance, while social support has no influence on performance. This is because most teachers rarely meet other people outside the scope of the school so this situation is considered to be monotonous because they only teach and they become less in establishing relationships with people outside their scope. Keywords: Motivation, Social Support, Satisfaction,Attitude, Performance


ABSTRACT Normativists about belief hold that belief formation is essentially rule- or norm-guided. On this view, certain norms are constitutive of or essential to belief in such a way that no mental state not guided by those norms counts as a belief, properly construed. In recent influential work, Kathrin Glüer and Åsa Wikforss develop novel arguments against normativism. According to their regress of motivations argument, not all belief formation can be rule- or norm-guided, on pain of a vicious infinite regress. I argue that the regress of motivations argument is unsuccessful: an appeal to the notion of blind rule-following, drawn from a plausible interpretation of Ludwig Wittgenstein's remarks on rule-following, stops the regress of motivations in its tracks.


1. The institutional context of Italian universitiesThe art. 33 of the Italian Constitution entrusts to the law the power to lay down the general rules for education and to establish public schools for all orders and degrees. The same article recognizes the private's right to establish schools and educational institu tions, and states that they can adopt their own regulations within the limits set by the laws. Therefore, Italian education is a public good and a public responsibility, and universities, state and non state they are, develop a public function serving the community. They are endowed with legal status and they have greater teaching, scientific, organizational, financial and accounting autonomy. In accordance to the New Public Management move, the conditions they have to respect derive from the role of the Ministry of Higher Education (MIUR) as a monitor of the universities' efficiency and effectiveness as well as the functionality of the whole higher education sector (Mandanici, 2011, pp. 5-30).The expansion of university autonomy has been taking place since the Law n. 168/1989. The major change refers on the amount and modalities by which resources flow from national government to universities. Particularly, the Law n. 537/1993 provided a new funding formula, partially associated with results: each university receives a global lump-sum budget (called Fondo di Finanziamento Ordinario, briefly FFO), without previous stringent restrictions on internal allocations, shaped in accordance to both the educational and research performance. During the years, this system has been reinforced by the Law n. 244/2007 and the Legislative Decree n. 19/2012, according to which MIUR selects and rewards with additional funds those universities that had the ability to achieve their planned objectives.The rise of public debt and the general crisis have contributed to accelerate the implementation of the financial autonomy. This phenomenon is common to other EU and OECD countries. Italy was among the countries that have set the main cut to the university sector: about 20% of the FFO from 2008 to 2013. This choice has appeared critical for the following reasons.First, public funding represents, on average, close to 75% and 84% of, respectively, EU and OECD universities' financial structures (EUA 2011, p. 80; OECD 2013, p. 200) , and in Italy the percentage rises to 90%.Second, Italy traditionally invests in tertiary education a value consistently lower than the average of other countries. For example, in 2010 Italy has invested 1% of its GDP, while the EU and the OECD, respectively, 1,4% and 1,6%. Splitting the percentage between public and private funding, it appears more difficult for Italian universities to attract private resources than other countries: expenditure covered by individuals and business, in percentage of GDP, ranges from an average of 0,2% in Italy to 0,3% in EU and 0,5% in OECD countries.Third, students contributions, or fees, potentially constitute the most directly available financial source. The amount of fees charged to students is however a choice that pertains to the national government, being related to the design of the fiscal policy of each country. In Italy, universities determine the level of tuition fees under a strait ceiling set by law: the art. 5 of the Decree of the President of the Republic n. 306/1997 states that the students contributions cannot exceed 20% of the annual FFO. Consequently, the cut in the public funding will also have the effect of diminishing the universities income from tuition fees.These considerations show that Italian universities rely heavily on public funding. This means that any change can potentially have the highest impact on their stability and durability.In the same period, the massification of higher education and the new societal demands on universities have increased costs they are confronted with.The widening funding gap has put universities finances and financial reports even more under pressure. …


The reaction of 4,4′-diisothiocyanato-1,1-diphenylsulfone 2 with aromatic amines and phenol derivatives afforded the corresponding thioureio derivatives 3–9 , respectively. Also, the reaction of 2 with catechol gave the corresponding carbamothioate derivative 11. Quinazoline derivatives 14 and 15 were obtained in good yield via reaction of 2 with anthranlic acid derivatives. Imidazolidine biscompounds 16 and 17 were readily synthesized from the reaction of 2 with N-(4-substituted-phenyl)cyanothioformanilides. The structure of the products was confirmed from elemental analysis as well as spectral data. Most of the synthesized compounds showed remarkable antimicrobial activity compared with chloramphenicol and Grisofluvine as positive controls. Compound 6 was almost as active an antitumor agent as the reference drug Doxorubicin.


E-LEARNING PORTAL AT THE TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY OF KOSICE Abstract The e-learning Portal of the Technical University of Kosice is one of the outcomes of institutional project Jmplementation of e-learning technologies at the TU Kosice (2002-2003)". The e-Portalprovides teachers and students with actual information, articles, links etc. in the field of e-learning, moreover, it is an entrance to e-lear-ning platform uLern (www.uLern.com) used at the TU Kosice. The e-Portal is based on the technology uLern Portal allowing user friendly changes of structure and content, without assistance of webmaster. Except above, e-Portal includes a specialized course "e-Learning ABC" explaining didactical and technical aspects of e-learning.


Background: Student health and wellness has been a growing concern over the years. Evidence is showing that behaviors and health patterns developed in college tend to hold through the years after graduation. Aim: To examine the pre-post wellness outcomes of nursing students taking a physical education course in an online accelerated Registered Nurse-Bachelor of Science Nursing (RN-BSN) program at a university in the Southeast region of the United States. Methods: An online course with incorporated physical activities and tutorials was designed based on the Travis Wellness Inventory to teach about 12 different dimensions of wellness. Students completed modules that addressed different aspects of wellness. Wellness was assessed using the Wellness Inventory and pre-post outcomes were examined. Results: The results found statistically significant changes between the pre and post assessments for all dimensions of wellness outcomes. There were also significant changes between the pre and post assessments when investigating differences based on gender with females improving on all 12 dimensions and males on 4. Conclusion: Introductory Physical Education (PED101) courses may be useful in improving wellness and reducing stress and turnover for RN-BSN students. Submitted 27 January 2020: accepted 1 June 2020


This study consisted of an analysis of the way in which the asylum question is framed at the level of official policy. Policy frames have been the focus of research here as they have so far been neglected in research on framing. This article aims to partly address that shortcoming in the field. The argument is that all the actors involved in the framing process have to be taken into consideration when studying frames and framing. The research was carried out in Luxembourg. The results show that the asylum question is framed in terms of legitimacy. This legitimacy relates to protecting both the state and genuine asylum seekers from abuses of the asylum system.


Ethnic minority groups tend to have lower salaries and higher rates of unemployment in European countries, but how can this disparity be addressed through public policy? Licia Cianetti highlights that efforts to tackle the issue across Europe have come to be dominated by 'trickle down' approaches which view economic growth and job creation as the ultimate solution. She argues that such approaches are at odds with the evidence on social exclusion and are unlikely to produce genuine change.


Relative desynchronization (ERD) and synchronization (ERS) of the 8–10 Hz and 10–12 Hz alpha freqency bands elicited by music were studied in ten musically untrained right-handed subjects. The subjects listened to two five-minute musical excerpts representing two different musical genres, popular and classical, presented both foward and backward. ERD/ERS of the two alpha frequency bands was examined during the first four minutes of stimulus presentation using one-minute time windows. The results demonstrated that both the 8–10 Hz and the 10–12Hz frequency band exhibited reactivity to musical stimuli. The responses of the 8–10Hz and 10–12 Hz alpha frequency bands were dissimilar, dymanic and dependent on both time and stimulation type. The dynamics of these changes over time may explain some discrepancies in earlier EEG studies during listening to music.


The title one-dimensional hydrogen-bonded coordination compound has been synthesized and characterized by single crystal X-ray diffraction study. The monomeric unit contains a square-planar centre. The four coordination sites are occupied by a tridentate anionic Schiff base ligand (4-bromo-2-[(2-piperazin-1-yl-ethylimino)-methyl]-phenol) which furnishes an -donor set, with the fourth position being occupied by the oxygen atom of an adjacent terephthalate unit. Two adjacent neutral molecules are linked through intermolecular N-H---O and O-H---N hydrogen bonds and generate a dimeric pair. Each dimeric pair is connected with each other via discrete water and methanol molecules by hydrogen bonding to form a one-dimensional supramolecular network.


Background: Heart rate variability (HRV) analysis is problematic during maximal treadmill exercise testing (ET) due to rapidly changing heart rate.


A themed issue of Routledge's major international peer-reviewed journal Visual Studies : Walking, Ethnography and Arts Practice (published on behalf of the International Visual Sociology Association) was given over to the proceedings and Brennan's work formed the basis of his contribution and the content of Myer's article: 'The Art of Conversive Wayfaring'.


The complexity of the hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is reflected in its therapy, and great efforts are needed from the patient and the physician to be successful in eliminating the infec tion. How HCV will progress depends a lot on patient characteristics and social factors, in addition to the timing of initiation, duration, and final results of the therapy. The first treat ment approved for patients with chronic hepatitis C was interferon (IFN) which had a sus - tained viral response (SVR) rate in 20%. Due to side effects, the adherence to this treatment was limited and required a patient-tailored approach with various medical disciplines work - ing together and intervening at the right time to minimize potential obstacles. The introduc tion of direct-acting antivirals (DAAs) has contributed to the advancement of HCV treatment. However, a major obstacle to wide use of DAAs is their high price which has largely limited access to treatment. Guidelines and recommendations on treatment of hepatitis C have been developed to assist physicians and other health care providers to determine priority. Despite that, the arrival of new oral therapies has been met with enthusiasm as shorter, simpler, safer treatment allows for the possibility of delivering antiviral therapy on a large scale.


It is shown that a substantial energy improvement is gained by the variational use of Hulthen orbitals, instead of single Slater orbitals, in the 3d shells of some excited configurations of sulphur and phosphorus. The energies obtained are close to those attained with two-term Slater functions. In some cases the radial distribution functions from Hulthen orbitals are as good an approximation of SCF radial distributions as those from two-term Slater orbitals. Single term 2d functions with only one parameter are found to give almost identical energies and radial distribution functions as those obtained from two-parameter Hulthen orbitals. It is shown that the relationship between one-term 2d orbitals and Hulthen orbitals gives a method of enforcing nuclear cusp conditions on the former with little effect on the energy.


A novel distortionless image data hiding algorithm based on integer wavelet transform that can invert the stego-image into the original image without any distortion after the hidden data are extracted is proposed. This algorithm hides data into one (or more) middle bit-plane(s) of the integer wavelet transform coefficients in the middle and high frequency subbands. It can embed much more data compared with the existing distortionless data hiding techniques and satisfy the imperceptibility requirement. The image histogram modification is used to prevent greyscales from possible overflowing. Experimental results have demonstrated the validity of the algorithm.


The third annual Aotearoa New Zealand National Evaluation Conference, sponsored by the Auckland Evaluation Group and held in Taupo from 31 July to 2 August 2006, attracted over 50 participants from throughout New Zealand. Its theme was Evaluation and Social Change – What Are the Links? and there was particular interest in exploring bicultural and kaupapa Mäori models of community and evaluation work.


Abstract : An investigation of the various parameters that affect separation was undertaken to determine if scale effects exist. For example, in incompressible flow a full, thick, turbulent boundary layer will separate more readily in an adverse pressure gradient than a thin boundary layer. The emphasis throughout is on the two-dimensional, forward facing step and compression corners and the shock wave boundary-layer interaction.


Computer scanning is becoming more important these days because it is involving the security of the whole network system. Knowledge on the information of the computer such as the operating system being used is vital considering every single of it has its own weakness. This computer scanning system was developed based on various type of network scanning software available these days. But the difference this time is only this version used the PDA as the platform of operation because it has been a while to see a PDA used as a networks scanning tool. That is why this scanning system will be based on PDA as the platform of operation to take the challenge. The throwaway prototype technique is used to develop this system because it offers more advantages that any other technique. The C# programming language is an extended version of the C++ will be used in the coding process because it supports the development on PDA operating system. Due to the time constraint of the development this system will only emphasize on the significant part of the scanning only. This system will be able to scan the IP address, port that is open and the operating system of the computer.


Teacher's inclusive education ability is the heart of initiatives for developing inclusive practices in schools. Based on teacher education's national curriculum framework, India develops teacher's inclusive education ability mainly by pre-service and in-service education, as well as a series of inclusive education programs.Meanwhile India has some issues constraining teacher's professional development such as low quality of teacher education; negative attitude to inclusive education; poor execution of polices and laws; poor sustainability of outer support.


The article summarizes the results of a 15-year study of clonal plum rootstocks: Opata, Novinka, Gayovata, VVA-1, 146-2, VPK-1, 140-2 on the cultivars Alyonushka, Nezhenka, Orlovsky souvenir, Skoroplodnaya. The rootstock SVG-11-19 was used as a control. Biometric indicators, the safety of trees growing on these rootstocks were studied, an assessment of economically valuable traits of cultivar-rootstock combinations, the degree of flowering and fruiting, yield per hectare, an assessment of freezing, damage by clasterosporium and moniliosis, and the general condition were given. As a result of research, it was found that Alyonushka cultivars on form 146-2 were distinguished by a more restrained tree growth; Nezhenka on VVA-1, VPK-1. One hundred percent safety of plum trees was revealed in the cultivars Alyonushka on the rootstocks of Opata, Novinka, 140-2; A sissy with most of the rootstocks studied, with the exception of the VPK-1 rootstock, Orlovsky souvenir with the exception of the Opata form, Skoroplodnaya on Opatа, Gayovata, VVA-1, 146-2, VPK-1 rootstocks. A comparative study of clonal rootstocks in a garden did not reveal significant differences in the productivity of cultivars – Alyonushka on Novinka, Gayovatа, 146-2, 140-2; Nezhenka at Novinka, Gayovata, 140-2; Oryol souvenir at Novinka; Skoroplodnaya at Opatа, Gayovata, 146-2, VPK-1, 140-2. All cultivars on the studied clonal rootstocks showed high winter hardiness and resistance to clasterosporiosis and moniliosis. There were no visible signs of incompatibility of cultivar-rootstock combinations in the garden.


Weakly supervised learning aims to empower machine learning when the perfect supervision is unavailable, which has drawn great attention from researchers. Among various types of weak supervision, one of the most challenging cases is to learn from multiple unlabeled (U) datasets with only a little knowledge of the class priors, or U$^m$ learning for short. In this paper, we study the problem of building an AUC (area under ROC curve) optimization model from multiple unlabeled datasets, which maximizes the pairwise ranking ability of the classifier. We propose U$^m$-AUC, an AUC optimization approach that converts the U$^m$ data into a multi-label AUC optimization problem, and can be trained efficiently. We show that the proposed U$^m$-AUC is effective theoretically and empirically.


By using the vehicle-track interaction model and the wear calculation model, the development characteristics of rail profile wear and the longitudinal characteristics of rail wear development of the track-vibration-absorber fastener tangential track at different passing speeds were analyzed. The results of rail profile wear analysis show that with the increase of iteration times, the wear ranges and wear depths of left and right rails at the corrugation trough/crest position are close. Meantime, the wear depths of rail profile and wave depth amplitudes at the corrugation trough/crest position in discrete passing speed modes are significantly lower than those in constant passing speed mode. The results of rail longitudinal wear analysis show that with the increase of vehicle running times, the characteristic frequencies of corrugation do not change under different passing speed modes, which reflects the fixed frequency feature of corrugation, and the irregularity levels corresponding to characteristics frequencies of rail longitudinal wear under the three passing speed modes show a decreasing trend in turn. Compared with the constant passing speed mode, the discrete passing speed modes can significantly decrease the rail profile wear and the development degree of rail wear at the characteristic frequencies.


Background: A novel generation of immunohistochemical visualization systems based on a biotin-free polymeric (BFP) technology has recently been released. We have compared the new BFP and the classical streptavidin-biotin (SAB) systems to evaluate estrogen receptor in breast carcinomas. Methods: Serial sections from a tissue microarray containing 320 invasive breast carcinomas were stained by immunohistochemistry for estrogen receptor using the rabbit monoclonal antibody SP1. Eleven different visualization systems were used, including seven BFP systems (six second-generation: DAKO Advance


Recycling or reuse of existing asphalt pavement materials to produce new pavement materials has the following advantages: (1) reduced costs of construction, (2) conservation of aggregate and binder, (3) preservation of the existing pavement geometrics, (4) preservation of the environment, and (5) conservation of energy. This document was prepared to provide the following information on recycling of asphalt pavements: (1) performance data, (2) legislation/specification limits, (3) selection of pavement for recycling and recycling strategies, (4) economics of recycling, and (5) structural design of recycled pavements. The following recycling methods have been included: hot-mix asphalt recycling (both batch and drum plants), asphalt surface recycling, hot-in-place recycling, cold-mix asphalt recycling, and full depth reclamation. Materials and mix design, construction methods and equipment, case histories and quality control/quality assurance have been discussed for all recycling methods.


Postgraduate education in Cuba is part of continuing education to which all Cuban citizens have universal access. The Master of Public Administration program at the University of Havana is unique in Cuba and intended mainly for people serving in some positions within the public sector. External evaluation and accreditation by the National Accreditation Board is the current way of demonstrating that a postgraduate program is of excellent quality. In this case, different variables and quality indicators are evaluated, such as relevance and impact. In this paper, in tune with the concept of university social responsibility, the relevance and impact of the Master of Public Administration program are assessed. The program was accredited by the National Accreditation Board in 2016, with this recognizing its excellence.


In this talk, we point out some of the present and future possible signatures of physics beyond the Standard Model from B-meson decays, taking R-parity conserving and violating supersymmetry as illustrative examples.


Purpose To study the clinicopathoiogical, immunohistochemical and ultrastructural features of superficial cervicovaginal myofiblastoma (SCVM), with emphasis on differential diagnosis. Methods One case of SCVM arising in the vagina and vaginal fornix was evaluated by light microscopy, immunohistochemistry and electron microscopy. Results A 63-year-old female complained of increasing vaginal discharge and noticed a mass that prolapsed out of the vagina for a period of one month. Examination revealed two pedunculated tumors located in the right uplateral vagina and the left vaginal fornix respectively, measuring 3cm and 1.1cm each in maximum diameter. Grossly, both ovoid tumors were well circumscribed, with glistening appearance on cut surface. On lower magnification, the tumors were located in the lamina propria of the vagina and well demarcated from surrounding tissues but unencapsulated. The superficial and peripheral areas of the tumor were less cellular and the stroma appeared myxoid or edematous, whereas the central portions were more cellular and the stroma contained abundant collagen fibers. On high magnification, they were composed of uniform pale eosinophilic spindle and stellate-shaped cells, with no evident atypia and rare mitotic figures (2/50 HPF). In less cellular areas,the tumor cells were arranged mostly in short fascicles,delicate networks,or assumed a lacelike or sievelike growth pattern, or in a random fashion, whereas in more cellular areas, they were arranged in slender fascicles or wavy bundles with their long axes paralleling the slender fibers. The tumor contained scattered thin-walled vessels. Mast cells were readily encountered in the stroma. The tumor cells were showed strong immunostaining with vimentin, desmin, ER and PR, and focal reactivity with CD34. Electron microscopic study showed partial myofibroblastic differentiation. Conclusions SCVM is a benign mesenchymal tumor arising within the superficial stroma of the vagina and cervix. Although rare, the distinctive morphology of SCVM merits to be classified as a new entity. The immunohistochemical and ultrastructural studies suggested a myofibroblastic differentiation. SCVM should be distinguished from a group of mesenchymal lesions that occur specifically in the lower female genital tract.


Abstract With the traditional practice of excluding the nonresident parent from post-divorce families in Chinese societies, the importance of post-divorce parental alliance has largely been ignored. Patterns of post-divorce parental alliance in Hong Kong have been explored in this study, re-conceptualizing post-divorce families as binuclear families. Based on the data of 62 resident parents and their children, a typology with six patterns was proposed. The six patterns include (1) harmonious co-parenting, (2) harmonious parallel parenting, (3) supportive parallel parenting with some conflicts, (4) disengaged parallel parenting, (5) enmeshed co-parenting, and (6) antagonistic conflicting parenting. In addition to the consistent findings with the West on the harmful effects of conflicting parental relationship on children's well-being, harmonious parental alliance was also negatively associated with children's self-esteem in the Hong Kong study. These negative associations were attributed to the strain on the children caused by the inadequate coordination across households and the conflict between children's perceived filial obligations and their need for autonomy.


This paper summarizes the specification requirements for the Space Station Food System, and describes the system that is being designed and developed to meet those requirements. Space Station Freedom will provide a mix of frozen, refrigerated, rehydratable, and shelf stable foods. The crew will pre-select preferred foods from an approved list, to the extent that proper nutrition balance is maintained. A galley with freezers, refrigerators, trash compactor, and combination microwave and convection ovens will improve crew efficiency and productivity during the long Space Station Freedom (SSF) missions.


As the only one province goes across the Southeast Asia by land and connects the countries around Indian Ocean through directly.Yunnan has a very prominent strategic position in linking the three big markets,that is,China,Southeast Asia,and South Asia.In the construction of China-ASEAN Free Trade Area,and in the framework of Pan Pearl River "9+2" regional economic cooperation,Yunnan plays an important role in connecting China with Southeast Asia and South Asia as the channel of logistics.Hence,Yunnan has the potential to become a regional logistics center.This article proposes that the main measures need be taken to become a logistics center of Southeast Asia by an analysis of the problems and development advantages in the development of goods-flowing industry of Yunnan,especially making the developmental potential analyses of building the logistics centers of Yunnan oriented to Southeast Asia.


In this study, a grid connected hybrid power system is designed using renewable resources solar and wind energy to provide electricity facility in Rohingya refugees camps at Teknaf Bangladesh. Hybrid optimization Model for Electric Renewables (HOMER) software is used to analysis the entire system cost and the power system's potentiality and sustainability in the project place. Solar radiation, Temperature and wind speed data is collected from National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) surface meteorology and Solar Energy (SSE) archives which needs for system feasibility analysis. In this paper 1.5 MW solar wind grid connected hybrid system is designed where 62% electricity are renewable fraction and remaining is consumed from grid. This system met an average 5.4 MW load per day at a cost rate of $ 0.12/kWh and the total net present cost of this system is $ 2605521. This is a reliable arrangement, because the lack of electricity at the time of the peak load is filled in from the grid and during off-peak hours the additional power from the renewable energy source supplied to grid. It is a vital energy solution for refugee camps which locate in rural areas.


Oxidation is an important organic transformation, and several catalysts have been reported for this conversion. In this study, we report the synthesis of mixed metal oxide CuxZnyO, which is prepared by a coprecipitation method by varying the molar ratio of Cu and Zn in the catalytic system. The prepared mixed metal oxide CuxZnyO was evaluated for catalytic performance for toluene oxidation. Various parameters of the catalytic evaluation were studied in order to ascertain the optimum condition for the best catalytic performance. The results indicate that aging time, calcination temperature, reaction temperature, and feed rate influence catalytic performance. It was found that the catalyst interfaces apparently enhanced catalytic activity for toluene oxidation. The XRD diffractograms reveal the crystalline nature of the mixed metal oxide formed and also confirm the coexistence of hexagonal and monoclinic crystalline phases. The catalyst prepared by aging for 4 h and calcined at 450 °C was found to be the best for the conversion of toluene to benzaldehyde while the reactor temperature was maintained at 250 °C with toluene fed into the reactor at 0.01 mL/min. The catalyst was active for about 13 h.


It is examined whether the six countries comprising the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) are sufficiently compatible to form a viable economic and financial block in the Gulf region. Despite long and numerous governmental attempts since the mid 1980s, and in spite of public pressures to expedite the process, these countries have thus far failed to achieve full economic and financial integration. Empirical evidence suggests that this apparent failure is unlikely the outcome of economic or financial incompatibility among the countries in the region. The results imply that more efforts should be directed at resolving possible sociopolitical differences that may have hampered real progress toward the emergence of a genuine and effective bloc in the Gulf region.


This paper examines the effect of collusion by a special interest group (Association of the Resident Housewives, ARH) in the apartment market between 2006 and 2007 in Korea. Using the Difference-In-Difference (DID) design and carefully matching the apartments, it is estimated that every instance of collusion results in an increase of from KRW 7.2 to 40.3 million in the apartment price. The amount of increase varies by districts and apartment unit characteristics. The result in this paper shows that the effects of collusion explain the cause of a rapid rise in the price of apartment between 2006 and 2007. This paper contributes to the collusion literature by closely examining how a special interest group (ARH) affects price through the collusion.


Using a two-tiered framework areas applied to eight case studies from around the globe, the authors of this ground-breaking work seek to understand the conditions that give rise to ungoverned territories and make them conducive to a terrorist or insurgent presence. They also develop strategies to improve the U.S. ability to mitigate their effects on U.S. security interests.


The Stirrup is one of the essential elements of reinforced cement concrete in civil construction. These stirrups are used for strengthening column and beams for avoiding buckling of the long slender column and also avoiding sagging of horizontal beam. In small construction sites workers bend stirrup rod by using the traditional method, In the existing stirrup making operations, the operators have to expend high human energy because of continuous repetitive motion of hands for a long duration which results in very severe internal injury to body organs like carpal tunnel syndrome, spondylitis, muscular-skeletal disorder. In order to compensate above drawbacks, the aim is to formulate an approximate experimental data-based model for human-powered stirrup making activity by using HPFM. Design of experimental work to be executed for establishing, formulation of experimental data based mathematical model for processing time, resistive torque and number of bends for human-powered stirrup making activity.In this book, we developed a mathematical model and its analysis of model others models like the clubbed model, RSM model, and ANN simulation was done. Model comparison was done.


Research examined the thermal stability and propensity for aggregation of wild type and the C- and N-terminally modified forms of activase to determine if loss of activity under heat stress is dependent on protein aggregation. The results showed that 1) loss of activity at high temperature is independent of aggregation; 2) activase with both C- and N-terminal S-Tags are more susceptible to aggregation than wild type activase, 3) aggregation is highly dependent on the concentration of Mg2+ and 4) the ATP analog, ATPgammaS, protects against both thermal inactivation and aggregation.


One of the glass-like behaviors, i.e. the frequency dependent minimum of the dielectric constant e ' in milli-Kelvin region in PbTiO 3 has been measured as a function of grain size. The slope (d e '/d T ) in the region T < T min first increases with grain size, shows a distinct maximum at the grain size 10 2 nm, then decreases, where T min is the temperature giving the dielectric constant minimum. This result strongly suggests that a large ideal perfect single crystal of PbTiO 3 will not show any glass-like behavior.


The roughness is discussed of gravel bed streams at high bed shear caused by a flood flow carrying a substantial amount of sediments. An analogy is described with flows eroding a stationary deposit in enclosed pressurized pipes. Field measurements were carried out in two gravel-bed streams in the north-east part of the Czech Republic after a disastrous flood in June 2009. The measurements indicated that at the peak discharges the values of the gravel-bed roughness were considerably higher than predicted for gravel-bed streams in the literature. It is suggested that the increase in bed roughness is due to additional friction exerted by transported sediments. A mechanism of friction due to grains transported as bed load is demonstrated on the results of flows in the upper-plane-bed regime through enclosed pipes. A relatively big uncertainty in bed-roughness determination from field measurements reconstructing flood conditions in gravel-bed streams suggests that analogous tests could be carried out in more controlled conditions in laboratory pipes.


High electrical conductivity, comparable to that of poorer metals, is occasionally found in organic molecular solids. Once we accept the possibility of organic solids whose molecular components are free radicals, the electronic structure of organic conductors and semiconductors can be understood.


North America faces an energy crossroads. With the world fast approaching the end of cheap, plentiful conventional oil, we must choose between developing ever-dirtier sources of fossil fuels -- at great cost to our health and environment -- or setting a course for a more sustainable energy future of clean, renewable fuels. This report explores the full scale of the damage done by attempts to extract oil from liquid coal, oil shale, and tar sands; examines the risks for investors of gambling on these dirty fuel sources; and lays out solutions for guiding us toward a cleaner fuel future. Table of contents: Executive Summary; Chapter 1: Transportation Fuel at a Crossroads; Chapter 2: Canadian Tar Sands: Scraping the Bottom of the Barrel in Endangered Forests; Chapter 3: Oil Shale Extraction: Drilling Through the American West; Chapter 4: Liquid Coal: A 'Clean Fuel' Mirage; Chapter 5: The Investment Landscape: Dirty Fuels Are Risky Business; Chapter 6: The Clean Path for Transportation and Conclusion.


ABSTRACT The study examined the perceived benefits and costs of alcohol use among undergraduates (N = 462) perceiving their drinking as normal or abnormal as well as those undergraduates who met or did not meet the DSM-IV-TR criteria for an alcohol disorder. A 2x2 MANOVA and univariate analyses on the benefits (pros) and costs (cons) scales of the Alcohol Decisional Balances Scale (ADBS) revealed significantly higher perceived benefits of alcohol use among students reporting normal drinking behaviors and meeting the DSM-IV-TR diagnostic criteria. A significant interaction revealed that students who met the DSM-IV-TR criteria but perceived their drinking as normal reported the highest perceived benefits of drinking. Findings supported prior research highlighting the link between perceived benefits of alcohol use and problematic drinking. Key words: alcohol, college, attitudes, DSM-IV-TR, decisional balance Recent estimates report that 10 percent to 31 percent of the approximately 8 million college students (ages 18-24) meet the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV-TR; American Psychiatric Association, 2000) criteria for alcohol abuse. Another six percent to 11 percent meet the DSM-IV-TR criteria for alcohol dependence (Clements, 1999; Knight, Wechsler, Kuo, Siebring, Weitzman, & Schuckit, 2002). Heavy drinking leads to negative events such as sleep disruption, academic difficulties, and violence (Wechsler, Lee, & Kuo, 2000). Consequently, heavy collegiate alcohol use and the associated negative consequences continue to be recognized as a significant problem on college campuses (NIAAA, Alcoholism Advisory Council, 2002). The significance of these negative consequences influenced colleges to implement primary alcohol prevention programs (Wechsler, Kelley, & Weitzman, 2000) that typically utilize alcohol education, alcohol-free activities or alcohol-free living quarters (e.g., dry residence halls), and greater enforcement of campus alcohol policies (Larimer & Cronce, 2002; Wechsler, Seibring, Liu, & Ahl, 2004). However, these programs are typically ineffective because the students do not perceive their drinking as being problematic (Vik, Culbertson, & Sellers, 2000). Gintner and Choate (2007) underscore the fact that, although the collegiate drinking research emphasizes a need to understand the motivations of collegiate drinkers, most college campuses still rely upon primary prevention and alcohol psychoeducation. These primary prevention programs are being utilized with problematic college drinkers mandated to treatment for campus alcohol policy infractions, a scenario on the rise in recent years (Tevyaw, Borsari, Colby, & Monti, 2007). For instance, Anderson and Gadaleto (2006) surveyed 196 colleges and universities and found that 74 percent of these campuses mandated participation in an alcohol education/primary prevention program for alcohol policy violators. Consequently, college/university counseling centers must provide services to individuals mandated to treatment while also providing a welcoming resource for a population that typically does not volunteer for assistance with alcohol problems. One intervention that moves beyond primary prevention and education by targeting the motivations of the collegiate drinker is motivational interviewing (MI; Miller & Rollnick, 2002). Motivational interviewing may reduce problematic drinking by demonstrating the discrepancies between drinking behaviors and goals. The concept of MI originates in the Transtheoretical Model of Behavior Change (Prochaska & DiClemente, 1986) which theorizes several stages of motivation (precontemplation, contemplation, preparation, action, and maintenance) to change a problematic behavior. Each stage represents an increased degree of motivation for change with the action stage reflecting a willingness to change behavior. However, most college students are not ready to initiate change, especially if the drinking behavior is not perceived as problematic. …


The number of schools offering international courses has risen from 30 in 1955 to 44 in 1963; course enrollment has doubled. Faculty appreciation of the value of such courses also has shown a marked increase.


Increased left atrial (LA) mass was introduced as a compensatory mechanism in heart failure (HF) patients. Furthermore, atrial conduction time and LA emptying fraction is are deteriorated in HF with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF). The aim of this study was to assess the early LA changes in HFpEF patients.


Taking Beibei District of Chongqing as the research object,based on the advantages of the regional travel resources,the assumption of constructing the sustainable development of eco-tourism of landscape cities in Southwest China was put forward.Most of landscape cities in Southwest China,on one hand,possess advantages,however,the insufficient market demand and supply,the shortage of the talent and the disordered management also form the inferior aspects.On the other hand,the cities are faced with the opportunity of the international travelling hot,the vigorous travel demand and the fine policy environment,though,the challenges of the insufficient eco-tour development,and the threat to the eco-environment.According to the principles of ecotourism development,coupled with the strategic of the sustainable development of the "Five Chongqing" and the ideas of the recycling economy,the factors of ecotourism in Beibei were analyzed.And some recommendations were brought forward,so as to provide reference for the ecotourism development.


BACKGROUND AND AIM
Asthma camp is a summer camp involving children with asthma. It is demonstrated that the experience of asthma camp is related to an overall improvement in clinical outcome related to asthma and also in pMDI technique. Based on this observation, we made up a 3-days intensive asthma summer camp training the children every day using a standard protocol that included step-by-step instructions for the correct use of pMDI and spacer with a mouthpiece. The aim of this first preliminary prospective study was to evaluate the impact that a structured short-term educational asthma camp could have on performance in the use of pMDI and spacer by the children involved.

METHODS
Ten children with asthma attended a 3-days educational camp program. A pediatric allergologist made assessments of the inhalation technique for each child at the beginning and the end of the 3-days asthma summer camp.

RESULTS
7 patients were evaluated. The median age was 129 months (range 92-153 months). The median value of the modified MDI use score (mMus) was 8 at the beginning of the asthma summer and 10 at the end of the asthma summer camp was 10. The overall improvement in inhalation technique was +25%.

CONCLUSIONS
This is the first preliminary prospective study demonstrating that a 3-days intensive asthma summer camp is related to an overall improvement in pMDI technique in children affected by asthma. It represents another evidence that asthma summer camp is a fundamental instrument to improve asthma education and management in childhood asthma.


Objective To compare the efficacies of retroperitoneal laparoscopic ureterolithotomy( RLU) and ureteroscopic lithotripsy( URL) for unilateral upper ureteral calculi,and to discuss the surgical skills of both treatments. Methods Forty cases of unilateral upper ureteral calculi admitted to The First Hospital of Anqing from April 2012 to November 2013 were randomly assigned into RLU group( n = 20) and URL group( n = 20). There were no significant differences between the two groups in terms of gender,age,disease course,stone size and location( P 0. 05). Data on the operation time,blood loss,postoperative bed time,postoperative hospitalization time,stone-free rate and complication incidence were compared between the two groups. Results In the RLU and URL groups, the operation time,the blood loss,the postoperative bed time,and the postoperative hospitalization time were( 55. 5 ± 10. 2) vs( 45. 2 ± 5. 3) min,( 80. 0 ± 25. 4) vs( 3. 5 ± 0. 5) mL,( 1. 8 ± 1. 2) vs( 1. 0 ± 0. 5) d,and( 5. 5 ± 1. 7) vs( 2. 5 ± 1. 4) d,respectively. There were significant differences( P 0. 05). The stone-free rate was 100%( 20 /20) in RLU group and 80. 0%( 16 /20) in URL group. The complication incidence rate was 10. 0%( 2 /20) in RLU group and 20. 0%( 4 /20) in URL group. The differences were significant( P 0. 05). Conclusions RLU has great advantages of high stone-free rate and less postoperative complications over URL when dealing with complicated upper ureteral calculi.


A face in a crowd is a series of ceramic busts portraying both famous and lesser known artists. I am doing portraits of artists because people tend to separate works of art from those who created them. I am trying to connect a face with a name. Most of the greatest artists that I am drawn to are no longer living. So doing this series is bringing me closer to them. Also, some of them are people that I look up to as well as some of the greatest professors or should I say mentors, which have helped me along the way. A face in a crowd is a series of ceramic busts portraying both famous and lesser known artists. I am doing portraits of artists because people tend to separate works of art from those who created them. I am trying to connect a face with a name and their works. Most of the greatest artists that I am drawn to are no longer living. So doing this series is bringing me closer to them. Some of the artists are people that I look up to as well as some of the greatest professors or should I say mentors, which have helped me along the way. No one thought I would ever go to college. Growing up with dyslexia, a learning disability and physical disabilities of the legs, I was told by a teacher that I would not amount to anything more than a hamburger flipper. This grim outlook provoked me to work very hard and to excel to prove her wrong, I attended high school by day, knee therapy for one hour each afternoon, and then four hours of night school every night to pass the SAT. I have spent the last 20 years, looking for a better part of me! Starting at Indiana University Northwest in 1991, I found the passion of my life was clay. Continuing at Governors State University since 2008 has helped me refine the sculptures that I create in clay. Being from a performing arts back ground, singing and playing the piano; I tend to find songs that seem to be all about my life. I listen to the same music every day while I create a group of art work. This time I found my life and the name of the show from a song by David Cooks called "Time of My Life" This song has said it all for me. [Fig 1] David Cooks Time of My Life some of the lyrics ..... Until I let go Gave into love and watched all the bitterness burn Now I'm coming alive Body and soul And feelin' my world start to turn And I'll taste every moment And live it out loud I know this is the time, This is the time To be more than a name Or a face in the crowd I know this is the time This is the time of my life .... The things that influence my work are sculptures from ancient Greece, ancient Rome, and some sculptures of today. When I go to the Chicago Art Institute I spend a lot of time in the sculpture park looking at the people. I can spend hours looking at the facial expressions in the sculptures. I look how the nose and the eyes are made and how they vary from my work. Today I also spend a lot of time looking at these 2 books Everyday Life in Ancient Greece People and Places Art Architecture Theatre Gods and Myths Culture by Nigel Rodgers printed by Hermes House 2010 and World Architecture Greece from Mycenae to the Parthenon by Henri Stierlin Taschen 2009. I also love to look at all the sculptures of Augustus (Spivey, 2005) I look a lot to Philippe Faraut, Bruno Lucchesi, and Tuck Langland. All of them are living sculptors who work in clay. • Philippe Faraut, Has an instructional series on you tube, where I first learned about him. The series on you tube was very fast so I eventually bought his videos .In the videos it was very educational and helped to correct some technique issues


This study compared the academic achievement and retention of transfer students and native students at one university on a class-by-class basis for: (1) returning native and returning transfer students and (2) returning native and new transfer students. These comparisons are intended to take into account expected lower freshman retention rates and expected lower retention rates of first-year students at this particular institution, as well as differential access to such resources as financial aid and housing. Outcome measures used to assess student success were retention and graduation after one year, cumulative grade point average, and whether the student was academically dismissed. The study found that transfer students, as a group, performed less well than native students on all four outcome measures, and that academic performance for both native and transfer students increased by class level. Depending on which additional factors are considered, transfer students are retained at rates 1 to 9 percent lower than native students; graduate at rates 2 to 8 percent lower than native students; earn grade point averages 1/10 to 2/10 of a grade point lower; and are academically dismissed at rates 3 to 6 percent higher. These performance differences are somewhat reduced after taking into account access to housing and financial aid resources. (Contains 14 references and 7 tables.) (DB) ******************************************************************************** * Reproductions supplied by EDRS are the best that can be made * * from the original document. * ******************************************************************************** Assessing Transfer and Native Student Performance at Four-Year Institutions U.S. DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION Office of Educational Research and Improvement EDUCATIONAL RESOURCES INFORMATION CENTER (ERIC) tiThis document has been reproduced as received from the person or organization originating it. Minor changes have been made to improve reproduction quality. Points of view or opinions staled in this document do not necessarily represent official OERI position or policy. Dr. Stephen Porter Office of Institutional Studies 2119 Main Administration Building University of Maryland, College Park College Park, MD 20742 Phone: (301) 405-5608 Fax: (301) 314-9443 Email: firstname.lastname@example.com BEST COPY AVAILABLE 2 PERMISSION TO REPRODUCE AND DISSEMINATE THIS MATERIAL HAS BEEN GRANTED BY D. Vura TO THE EDUCATIONAL RESOURCES INFORMATION CENTER (ERIC) AR for Management Research, Policy Analysis, and Planning This paper was presented at the Thirty-Ninth Annual Forum of the. Association for Institutional Research held in Seattle, Washington, May 30-June 3, 1999. This paper was reviewed by the AIR Forum Publications Committee and was judged to be of high quality and of interest to others concerned with the research of higher education. It has therefore been selected to be included in the ERIC Collection of AIR Forum Papers. Dolores Vura Editor Air Forum Publications Assessing Transfer and Native Student Performance at Four-Year Institutions Do transfer students perform poorly in comparison with native students? This paper answers the question through an analysis of transfer and native student performance at the university in four areas: retention, graduation, grade-point average and academic dismissals. The emphasis is on making appropriate comparisons between the two groups, because differences in performance may be due to social factors such as integration difficulties in addition to academic factors such as poor preparation. Using returning students rather than new students and controlling for the number of credits earned results in groups of transfers and natives that are much more homogenous than the traditional cohorts of new transfers and natives, allowing for more appropriate performance comparisons. With this approach natives score better on all four measures, although the difference lessens when controlling for access to resources such as financial aid and demographics.


Let F be a p-adic field, let χ be a character of F ∗ ,l etψ be a character of F and let γ −1 ψ be the normalized Weil factor associated with a character of second degree. We prove here that one can define a meromorphic function γ( χ,s , ψ) via a similar functional equation to the one used for the definition of the Tate γ -factor replacing the role of the Fourier transform with an integration against ψ · γ −1 ψ . It turns out that γ and γ have similar integral representations. Furthermore, γ has a relation to Shahidi's metaplectic local coefficient which is similar to the relation γ has with (the non-metalpectic) Shahidi's local coefficient. Up to an exponential factor, γ( χ,s , ψ) is equal to the ratio γ( χ 2 ,2s,ψ) γ( χ,s+ 1 ,ψ) .


The range of hormonal levels in different day light duration year periods were determined at 507 local and 112 not local Arkhangelsk men 20-50 years. It's compared of hormonal changes in dependent from day light duration. The patterns of hormonal changes in minimal day light duration and transient period were determined. The activization of adrenal cortex and thyroid gland were in minimal day light duration. In transient period the role of anabolic hormones (testosterone, insulin) increases. The most differences of endocrine system reactivity were revealed in maximal day light duration. At local habitants maximum stress were undergone pancreas thyroid and adrenal cortex, but at not local habitants just only adrenal cortex. The activization of adrenal cortex and thyroid gland in all seasons was more expressed in not local habitants than in local men.


Abstract : A recursive multi-page assignment model is developed for effecting officer rotations in the U.S. Navy. Promotions and retirements are explicitly taken into account, just as in the earlier papers which are here extended to include other rotation-assignment processes and to accession of new officers. The developments used provide a structural form which is amenable to efficient computational procedures even for the dynamic case and an 'uncoupling' approach is also developed which allows further simplification and improvements in efficiency. This is accomplished in part by a transformation which takes the goal programming model with Markov transition probabilities into a rim adjustment solution process. Numerical examples are provided which illustrate the general case by reference to 2-period 3-officer classes rotations that involve assignments to both sea and shore duties. (Author)


To estimate the risk of fetal trisomy 21 (T21) and other chromosomal abnormalities (OCA) at 11–13 weeks' gestation using computational intelligence classification methods.


When using Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) algorithms, we can increase the number of samples either by running longer chains or by running more chains. Practitioners often prefer the first approach because chains need an initial "warmup" phase to forget their initial states; the number of operations needed for warmup is constant with respect to chain length but increases linearly with the number of chains. However, highly parallel hardware accelerators such as GPUs may allow us to run many chains in parallel almost as quickly as a single chain. This makes it more attractive to run many chains with a short sampling phase. Unfortunately, existing diagnostics are not designed for the "many short chains" regime. This is notably the case for the popular R̂ statistic which claims convergence only if the effective sample size per chain is sufficiently large. We present nR̂, a generalization of R̂, which does not conflate short chains and poor mixing, and offers a useful diagnostic provided we run enough chains and meet certain initialization conditions. We define what constitutes a proper warmup in the manychains regime and recommend a threshold for nR̂. Furthermore we use nR̂ to construct a warmup scheme with an adaptive length, allowing users to avoid running their MCMC algorithms longer than necessary.


FIELD: physics. SUBSTANCE: detector module (301) for detecting electromagnetic radiation (106) contains material (332) meant for converting incident electromagnetic radiation (106) into electric charge carriers, a charge-accumulating electrode (331) meant for accumulating the converted electric charge carriers, a screening electrode (334, 335) meant for creating a capacitor with the charge-accumulating electrode (331), and an evaluation circuit (312-315) which is electrically connected to the charge-accumulating electrode (331) and meant to evaluate electromagnetic radiation (106) based on the accumulated electric charge carriers. EFFECT: high detector sensitivity. 19 cl, 8 dwg


Psychopahy is related to the study or understanding regarding the nature, behaviour, understanding, observing and analysing the personality of an individual. Phenomenology is a state or an approach that focusses on the study of consciousness and the objects of direct experience. This paper deals with the delineation of phenomenological psychopathy and the description of different psychologist view on phenomenological psychopathy.


The problem of diagnostics and treatment of a choledocholithiasis is actual. Non-invasive methods of diagnostics of a choledocholithiasis (US, CT) are insufficiently informative. Endoscopic transpapillary methods of diagnostics are invasive procedures. Endoscopic ultrasound modern mini-invasive a method of diagnostics of the choledocholithiasis, influencing development of optimum tactics of treatment of patients. Endoscopy, ultrasound diagnostics, choledocholithiasis.


The bivalve genus Pholadomya G.B. Sowerby I, 1823 in 1821–1825 (type species: Pholadomya candida G.B. Sowerby I, 1823 in 1821–1825, by subsequent designation of Gray, 1847: p. 194) is known as the "living fossil" (e.g. Runnegar, 1972; Morton, 1980; Díaz and Torres, 2009); its oldest fossil records can be traced back to the Late Triassic (e.g. Cox and Newell, 1969; Nevesskaja et al., 2013). In Japan, this genus is recorded from the Late Jurassic onwards (Tamura, 1960), and more than a dozen fossil and the Recent species have been described or reported (e.g. Dall, 1907; Nagao, 1943; Omori, 1952; Habe, 1958; Hayami, 1975; Matsuda, 1985; Matsukuma, 1989; Ueda, 1995; Okutani, 2017). However these species are known to include several members in the family Parilimyidae Morton, 1981 (e.g. Coan, 2000; Kurihara, 2010; Huber, 2015), and further taxonomical and nomenclatural studies are required to fix the true constituents. I herein propose a new replacement name, Pholadomya (Pholadomya) miyanoharaensis nom. nov., for the preoccupied Late Cretaceous species from Japan.


According to the comprehension of Virtual Organization(VO) business process in Virtual Breeding Environment(VBE) and the normal infrastructure of migrating workflow,a model of migrating workflow system with VBE as its migrating domain was proposed in this paper.A service discovery mechanism was given combining the autonomous management of organization and the inviting public bidding through service market.Subsequently,the VO management process based on migrating workflow was depicted.The VO complementation in VBE with the proposed model is an excellent method with quick creation,low cost of communication,high effectiveness and wide range of application.


Following the steps of Emile Argand, who in 1911 provided the first 3D geological reconstruction of the Penninic nappe stack in the western Alps, it is nowadays possible with software-assisted implementations of the same geo-structural concepts to retrieve rigorous 3D geological models for major engineering projects, such as transalpine tunnels. Among the others, the geo-structural analysis realized for the Brenner Basis tunnel project represents a noticeable example of the application of such methodologies, since it was possible to retrieve reliable 3D models of the structural architectures of key sectors of the North Eastern Alps. When the space probe Rosetta inserted into orbit around the bilobed comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko (67P/CG), the same methodologies used to analyze the complex structural framework of the poly-deformed Alpine nappe-stack have soon revealed essential to understand the inner structure of the comet nucleus. The final result, showing that the two lobes are indeed the expression of two independent objects characterized by a thick onion-like stratification, provides a clear evidence of a primordial and still unknown sedimentary process dated back to the origin of our Solar System. The astronomical implications are not less relevant since the 67P/CG inner structure demonstrates how primordial bodies such as comets could have merged in the proto-planetary disk through low velocity impacts (a few meters per second) and should have unexpectedly escaped any catastrophic collision during the entire evolution of the Solar System.


We are surrounded by things that exist, like chairs, tables, phones, and people. But we are also surrounded by things that don't exist, like holes, shadows, omissions, and negative properties. We read stories of nonexistent unicorns and magical creatures. We reason about scenarios that don't exist, from the small ('what if I'd have studied an hour longer?') to the large ('what if World War II hadn't occurred?'). We refer to nonexistents ('that paper doesn't exist yet'). And we hold people morally responsible for things that they don't do ('you should have rescued the rabbit!'). Nonexistence is ubiquitous, yet mysterious. This volume of new essays covers some of the trickiest questions about non-being and nonexistence—from Could have been nothing at all? to What are holes?—alongside answers from diverse philosophical traditions. The essays explore analytic, continental, Buddhist and Jewish philosophical perspectives, and range from metaphysics to ethics, from philosophy of science to philosophy of language, and beyond.


Let be a plane closed convex curve, and regard as the boundary of a billiard table. If a perfectly elastic billiard ball is set moving on the table, its path will be a polygon inscribed in ; and this will be closed if and only if the motion is periodic. We seek periodic paths which are triangles.