The utility model discloses a preload-adjustable spring assembly, which comprises two cylindrical spring guide posts oppositely arranged at the bottom, wherein through holes are formed in the centers of cylinder bottom structures of the spring guide posts; sliding guide rods are arranged in the through holes in a penetrating way; a baffle is arranged at each sliding guide rod; threaded holes are formed in the sliding guide rods; the two sliding guide rods are connected by an adjusting screw rod; flangings are formed at openings of cylinder structures of the spring guide posts; the two ends of a compression spring are connected between the flangings of the two spring guide posts in a push-against way; and the spacing between the flangings of the two spring guide posts is less than the free length of the compression spring. The spring assembly effectively solves the problems that the spring-adjustable pretightening mechanism in the prior art is large in size, high in production cost and narrow in application scope. The spring assembly is small in structural size, low in cost and wide in application scope, and has a very high practical value.


Room luminaire mounting structure for a motor vehicle, having a first fastening hole (11) provided in a roof-body sheet (1) of the motor vehicle, Is provided with a second fixing hole (22) in a lining part (2) which is to be fastened to the roof-body sheet (1), wherein in the second fastening hole (22) a plurality of projections (23) are provided, and a room lamp (3) which is to be fastened to the roof-body sheet (1) and on the lining part (2), wherein the luminaire (3) comprises a housing (31), in the housing (31) (31c) are provided a plurality of resilient clamping members, and on the housing (31) is integral multiple engagement recesses (31a) and the engagement step (31b) are formed so that the engagement recesses (31a) with the provided thereon projections (23) come at the onset of the housing (31) in the second fastening hole (22) in engagement to attach the luminaire (3) at first to the covering part (2), the resilient clamping elements (31c) upon further insertion of the covering part (2) connected to the housing (31) in the first fastening hole (11) in the roof-body sheet (1) come into elastic engagement with the edge of the first mounting hole (11), and the engagement step (31b) in engagement with the underside of the covering part (2) so that the covering part (2) between the engagement step (31b) and the roof-body sheet (1) clamped, and (in cooperation with the elastic clamping elements 31c ) (on the roof body panel 1) is fixed, and wherein provided in the second fastening hole (22) a plurality of projections (23) each having converging sides (23a), which are increasingly narrower toward its outer end and converge towards each other, wherein ...


This paper explores the application of classical molecular dynamics to the computation of the heat of transport of Au atoms in a model of solid gold at several elevated temperatures above the Debye temperature. It is assumed that the solid shows vacancy disorder. The work shows that to obtain consistent and reliable results it is necessary (a) to use very small time steps (≈1 fs) in the molecular dynamics integration routine and (b) to take averages over a very large number of vacancy displacements—a number which varies with temperature but which is of the order of 105. The results for the reduced heat of transport for the Au atoms show that: (1) it is positive in sign, i.e. that the diffusion of Au atoms in a temperature gradient is biassed towards the cold region or equivalently that the vacancies tend to migrate towards the hotter region; (2) it is predicted to fall as the average temperature increases and that the variation is closely linear in (1/T); (3) its value at high T relative to the energy of activation for vacancy movement is close to the corresponding ratio of experimental quantities. Analysis of these results indicates that the method and model may allow reliable predictions for other metals having the face centred cubic structure.


The present invention provides an analytical test method, comprising the steps of: step S1, the test cases the text line by line into memory; step S2, splitting out individual test fragments, each fragment as a single element test writing sequentially in the list caseList; step S3, the list to create test cases caseList model tree as input; step S4, the preservation test model. Analytical test method of the present invention does not need to repeatedly copy the test text; the separated test model stored in XML format for presenting secondary development and diversification; any applications only need to be programmed on the test model It can be easily manipulated and transmitted test text.


The article analyzes theoretical and methodological principles of professional education in relation to bioethics as an interdisciplinary field in the system of natural sciences, ethics and social knowledge. The applied and ideological aspects of bioethics are substantiated by its purpose and tasks in the preparation of a modern teacher of a secondary school. The notion of bioethics as a system of views, ideas, norms and evaluations governing the behavior of people from the standpoint of life saving on the Earth has been defined, plays an increasingly important role in society and covers all the main directions of human activity, from the development of measures aimed at preservation of the environmentTaking into account the requirements of a humanistic approach, the content, methodology and organizational aspects of the application of bioethics knowledge in the preparation of the future teacher of natural sciences to the implementation of alternative methods and alternative educational means that replace the  use of  animals in an educational institution are revealed.Among the alternatives that can be used to replace the use of animals in the educational process, the following are proposed: models, mannequins and mechanical simulators; movies and interactive videos; computer simulations and systems of virtual reality; experimenting students on their own; experiments on plants; observation and field practice; invitro techniques on cell culture; the use of dead animals derived from humane sources (for example, animals killed by natural death or killed humanely after scientific research).


Electricity consumption of electrical transport with accumulator electrical locomotives is about 10% of the total electricity consumption. The total installation capacity of charging stations on thyristor devices is commensurable with the capacity of charging transformer. Amplitudes of higher harmonics in electricity supply network of underground charging station in mine "Ivan Rousev" are measured." Measurements are realized by using of the network analyser Multiver – 3SN.An attempt for analytical calculation of influence of non-linear load of the charging stations on the other consumers is made.


Poster Number 11: Formation of novel chromosomes in yeast.  Silvia Poláková (1), Christian Blume (1), Julián Álvarez Zárate (1), Marek Mentel (1), Dorte Jørck‐Ramberg (2), Jørgen Stenderup (3), Jure Piškur (1) (1) Cell and Organism Biology, Lund University, Sölvegatan 35, Lund, SE‐22362, Sweden; (2) Department of Systems Biology, Technical University of Denmark, DK‐2800 Lyngby, Denmark; (3) Department of Clinical Microbiology, Regionshospitalet Herning, DK‐7400 Herning, Denmark  In eukaryotes, the number and rough organization of chromosomes seem to be well preserved within isolates of the same species. Novel chromosomes and loss of chromosomes are infrequent and usually associated with pathological events. In this study we used Candida glabrata , which is the second most prevalent yeast pathogen in humans, as a model to understand the origin of novel chromosomes. This yeast has been traditionally classified as a haploid and asexual organism. The genome of one C. glabrata strain has been recently sequenced and the whole genome analysis confirmed that this yeast is more closely related to S. cerevisiae than to C. albicans . The genome structure now provides a tool to understand C. glabrata genome flexibility, virulence and adaptability. We analyzed forty pathogenic C. glabrata isolates obtained from Danish patients. While the gene sequences were well conserved among different strains, their chromosome structures differed drastically. The most frequent events reshaping chromosomes were translocations, reciprocal and non‐reciprocal, of chromosomal arms. However, also larger segmental duplications were frequent and occasionally we observed novel chromosomes and chromosome fusions. Apparently, this yeast can generate a new chromosome by duplication of chromosome segments carrying a centromere and subsequently adding novel telomeric ends.


We show that the presence of Majorana zero modes (2D), and chiral-dispersing Majorana modes (3D), in the vortex cores of superconductors are neither sufficient nor necessary conditions for one to conclude the superconductivity is topologically non-trivial. We discuss the relevance of this result to the proximity-induced superconductivity, in the presence of magnetic field, on the surface of topological insulators.


The paper describes effects of the incidence on cascade three-dimensional flows and on the associated loss mechanisms occurring in a low-speed linear turbine rotor cascade. For each of five nominal incidences ranging from 7.2 to −53.3 deg, the cascade flow was surveyed at 15 or 16 planes located axially throughout the cascade. Blade-to-blade flows at the cascade midspan and near the endwalls, meridional flows along the blade surfaces, and static and total pressures within the cascade were analyzed in detail. The results were represented by two- or three-dimensional tomograms, on the surfaces of which the cascade flows were drawn by vectors, scalar contours, and streaklines, and from which one can easily understand the extraordinarily complicated cascade flows and the loss generation mechanisms. The present study will not only give new insight into the incidence effects, but will also contribute many solid experimental facts of a quantitative nature to our current knowledge of turbine cascade flows.


The taxonomy, history, horticultural value and cultivation requirements of Alocasia alba Schott (Araceae) are discussed; a full description is given and a watercololour illustration is provided.


The present invention relates to a modified conjugated diene polymer, and more specifically, to a modified conjugated diene polymer which comprises a modifier-derived functional group containing a compound represented by chemical formula 1; and to a method for preparing the same. In the chemical formula 1, the definition of each substituent is as defined in the description of the invention. The modified conjugated diene polymer is excellent in workability by being modified by a modifier having excellent interaction when mixed with an inorganic filler.


In this paper, we briefly review the status of interferometry on the Large Binocular Telescope (LBT) and introduce LINC, a near-infrared beam combiner we have proposed for the LBT. We present some key science programs, and we conclude with a discussion of how we are approaching LINC's optical design.


We are pleased to introduce the Proceedings of the Conference ''Light in Nanoscience and Nanotechnology 2015'' (LNN 2015) organized by the Institute of Solid State Physics, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences in the frames of the INERA Project ''Research and Innovation Capacity Strengthening of ISSP-BAS in Multifunctional Nanostructures'' REGPOT-2012-2013-1 NMP. The LNN 2015 Conference was dedicated to the ''International year of light - 2015''. The Conference took place from 20th to 22nd of October in the beautiful spa resort Hissar, situated 140 km away from Sofia, close to the famous Valley of Roses, amidst a real abundance of curative mineral waters. The resort has an old history - even the ancient Romans knew well the curative properties of the water. Today the town has more than 4 km of Roman as well as architectural remains. During the age of the Roman Empire, the town, called Augusta, was a wealthy healing center with Emperors' palaces, wide stone streets, marble baths, statues of Roman Gods and exuberant vegetation. Participants from 13 different countries delivered 22 invited lectures, 17 oral and 46 poster presentations, contributing in 8 different topics. Papers submitted to the Proceedings were refereed according to the standards of the Journal of Physics: Conference Series and the accepted ones illustrate the diversity and the high level of the contributions. The Conference gave a good opportunity for interesting discussions and exchange of ideas between the participants. Not least, a significant factor for the success of the LNN 2015 was the social program, the relaxing spa facilities and the guided tour through the Roman remains of the town. The proceedings of conferences and workshops organized in the frames of INERA Project are regularly published by the Journal of Physics: Conference Series. We are grateful to the Journal's staff for providing us this opportunity.


Between 1978 and 1986 SIRTI, a leading Italian telecommunication engineering company established in 1921, assembled a collection of telephone equipment and instrumentation. The collection is now exhibited in the Museum of Electrical Technology in Pavia. This paper describes the magnificent SIRTI collection of telephones composed of about three hundred items, which illustrates the history of telephone technology from the last decades of the 19th century to the present day.


Abstrad: Heme range, daily activity and habitat use of four Giant Pocket Gophers Orthogeomys heterodus were detennined by radlotelemetry. T he study was carried out in a horticultura! area of Cartago province, Costa Rica, during December 1989 and January 1990. Horne range averaged 325 m2 for males and 233 m2 for females. There was a significant re1ationship between borne range size and individual body mass. In average, 78 % of loca1izations :were in the nest or refuge located in a1l cases in the border oi crops. Activity was greatest from 0600 lO 0800 ti and 1200 lO 1400 h, and was reduced at nighL


J J, man aged 22. Sinhalese. Student History: Came to England in November 1966 and in the past eight months has developed nodules on the face, nose and ears. No relevant past or family history. Clinical findings: Typical features of nodular lepromatous leprosy with leonine facies. Enlargement of lymph glands in all areas. There is an area of anxsthesia and depigmentation on the dorsum of the right foot which is, however, associated with a scald in childhood. Enlargement of brachial, ulnar and greater occipital nerves. Investigations: Smear from ear lobe: numerous masses of acid-fast bacilli. Section of skin (from chin): thinning of epidermis with masses of lepra cells (foamy histiocytes) containing bacilli present in the dermis. Appearances typical of lepromatous leprosy.


In this paper we conduct the most comprehensive comparative analysis of low-frequency liquidity measures so far. We review a large number of estimators and use a broad range of procedures to evaluate them. We find that the performance of the estimators is highly dependent on the particular application, and that no single best estimator exists. Against this background, we further analyze which firm characteristics determine the accuracy of the low-frequency estimators, we analyze whether a composite low-frequency estimator can outperform the best individual measures, and we analyze whether changes in the trading protocol (such as a reduction of the minimum tick size or the introduction of NYSE Open Book and NYSE Hybrid) affect the performance of the low-frequency estimators. Our ultimate objective is to guide researchers in their search for the right measure for a particular application.


Miroslav Holub (1923–1998) was born in Pilsen, western Bohemia. He studied medicine at Charles University in Prague and trained as an immunologist at the Microbiological Institute of the Czechoslovak Academy of Science. He was a successful scientist but is best known for his poetry. His recognition followed the publication in 1967 of Selected Poems as part of Penguin's series on modern European poets. His poetry was proscribed in Czechoslovakia between 1970 and 1980.


Utilization effect of cassava (Manihot esculenta) and potatoe (Ipomoea batatas) on pigmentation, carotenoids pull on egg yolk and performance yield hens. Eight diets (T1:without pigment, T2: commercial pigment, T3: cassava meal 15%, T4: cassava meal 30%, T5: sweet potato meal 15%, T6: sweet potato meal 30%, T7: cassava and sweet potato meal 15% each, T8: cassava and sweet potato meal 25% each) in a randomized design using four replicates of three hens each during seven experimental periods were evaluated. Diets were iso-energetics (2.9 kcal/g) and iso-proteis (14.5% CP). Carotenoid concentrations (UV-visible chromatography) had differences (P 0.05) A comparison with egg yolk to come from test diets significant differences (P 0.05). A comparison with egg yolk to come from test diets significant differences (P 0.05) between egg yolk to come from diet without pigment and cassava and sweet potato diets. Lutein, -carotene, -carotene, and 9-cis-- carotene were the most importants carotenoids found in diets and egg yolk (HPLC). Cantoxatin was found in egg yolk and diet with commercial pigment only. Its concentration reached to 65% in profile carotenes. Lutein was the main carotenoid in egg yolk, while -carotene was the highest in all diets. Egg yolk that come from cassava and sweet potato 15% diet, showed the highest Retinol Equivalent provitamin A. Type and component egg, don¨t showed differences (P>0.05). There were differences (P<0.01) in yield performance.


We are interested in monitoring how and when adolescents take their MS medication. We want to know what works for you and what maybe isn't working so well. We believe this information will help us provide better clinical care and support for those on treatment. We also believe this is a great opportunity for you to learn more about your own health behaviors and how to manage the disease. We would like to emphasize that this is not a treatment study. We will enroll pediatric MS patients cared for at the University of Colroado Hospital and treated with MS medication for over 6 months. All study participants will have a standard neurological examby their usual neurologist, and will be asked to complete a web-based self-report questionnaire at study entry. Study participants will then be provided with a MEMS (medical electronic monitoring system) device for tracking treatment adherence and trained on how to use it by a study staff. After one month of using the MEMs device you will either get feedback about your monitoring via a scheduled telephone call with a trained professional, or you will be asked to watch an educational video on multiple sclerosis treatment options. The same interventions will occur again at two and three months. At your three-month visit and final 6 month visit, you will be asked to complete another set of self-report questionnaires on the computer. The study will reimburse your reasonable out-of-pocket expenses related to study participation. A $15 gift card will be provided as a small token of our appreciation. If you have any questions about this research project, or would like to participate in the study, please contact our research team at 303-724-4644. We hope that you and your family will share our enthusiasm for this project.


This paper presents an application of some forecasting methods concerning sport tourism arrivals in Southwest Bulgaria: linear trend forecasting, double exponential forecasting (Holt's method), triple exponential forecasting (the Holt-Winters Method), and the ARIMA method. A specially designed model for estimating the weight coefficient needed for determining the size of the sport tourism's sector in the time series of the available data and in the forecast values is presented. In order to test the forecasting methods and produce forecasts up to the year 2030, a time series and past period predictions have been constructed based on statistical records since 1964. Several major problems in the application of the exponential smoothing methods for the purpose of the long-run forecasting and the needs of the sport tourism subsector of Bulgaria tourism industry are addressed. These problems include (a) finding a suitable general indicator, (b) calculating short-term and long-term forecasts, (c) comparing the results of the forecast techniques on the basis of the errors in the forecasts, (d) estimating the size of the sport tourism in Southwest Bulgaria in certain terms so that the forecast(s) of the above-mentioned general indicator could be particularized especially for examined sub-sector and region. The results from the different forecasting methods and techniques are presented and conclusions are drawn regarding the reliability of the forecasts.


This paper studies the characteristics of dynamic data distribution of direct simulation of Monte Carlo (DSMC) method and presents a parallelization method. The parallelization result of a practical DSMC program proves that the method is right and effective.


Substations are expected to transform and direct electrical power to customers with high reliability, even when exposed to transient electromagnetic interference (EMI) from high voltage (HV) events such as switching, faults and lightning strikes. It is well known that EMI arises from any operation that interrupts or changes an electrical current. During switching operations in substations, very fast, high field transients occur which can adversely affect, amongst other things, secondary equipment in control if it is adequately protected. With increase microprocessor based systems for the monitoring and protection of power equipment, the detection of equipment faults, before they lead to major outages, is possible. The placement of electronic equipment which is, by nature, highly susceptible to electromagnetic interference, within the switchyard EMI environment is becoming more common. This raises the level of concern for the electromagnetic compatibility of such equipment with the EMI environment in which it must operate. Therefore, the environment in which this equipment is placed needs to be fully characterised in terms of electromagnetic interference levels. With this knowledge it is possible to provide adequate protection for electronic equipment and design efficient, effective and reliable control systems. This paper looks at a variety of methods, and their suitability, to characterise the electromagnetic environments in substations.


The free energy of a ternary system with a self-organization property includes an interface energy and a longer ranging interaction energy. In a planar domain, if the two energies are properly balanced and two of the three constituents make up an equal but small fraction, the free energy admits a local minimizer that is shaped like a perturbed double bubble. One fixes a reference frame and considers a class of restrictedly perturbed double bubbles, where the problem may be formulated as a fixed point in a Hilbert space. This is achieved by two techniques: a special way to parametrize the boundaries of perturbed double bubbles and a new set of variables that are subject to only linear constraints. Within each restricted class of perturbed double bubbles arises a local minimizer of the free energy, which satisfies three of the four equations for critical points of the free energy. The unsatisfied equation is the 120 degree angle condition on triple junction points. Perform another minimization among the local minimizers from all the restricted classes to obtain a minimum of minimizers, which solves all the equations for critical points.


We study a mathematical model of cohabitation of healthy and unhealthy stem cells, in order to address some new biological concerns. In short, we will investigate the existence and the stability properties of a positive steady state of a model that is well adapted to the study of dormancy of cancer stem cells. Mathematically, we are concerned with the analysis of a nonlinear retarded system coupled to a nonlinear differential-difference system, in the time-domain framework, via a Lyapunov-like method.


By direct numerical simulations, the non-isothermal effects on turbulence anisotropy and growth rate are investigated in the three-dimensional spatially developing supersonic mixing layers with high convective Mach numbers ( Mc > 0.6). Hot air is blown in the high-speed stream, and cold air is added on the low-speed side. Two non-isothermal simulations with different temperature gradients are conducted and compared with the isothermal mixing layer. The Reynolds stress transport is analyzed to reveal the underlying modulation mechanisms by temperature gradients. The supersonic mixing layer is significantly anisotropic, and the streamwise turbulent intensity is larger than the transverse and spanwise turbulent intensities. The non-isothermal effects enhance the energy transfer from the streamwise Reynolds stress to transverse and spanwise Reynolds stresses in the initial shear layer, and the mixing layer anisotropy is intensely attenuated, which is attributed to the increment of the flow instability. Thus, the shear layer growth is initially accelerated, and the supersonic mixing layer is destabilized. However, the fluid viscosity and the viscous dissipation are enhanced, and the Reynolds stresses decay more strongly in the fully developed region. The transverse and spanwise turbulent intensities decrease more than the streamwise turbulent intensity, due to the attenuation of the correlation between pressure and dilatation fluctuations. Consequently, the shear layer turbulence anisotropy is augmented with stronger three-dimensionality. As the Reynolds shear stress is reduced and the entrainment of irrotational fluid from the free streams into the shear layer is attenuated, the mixing layer growth rate is decreased in the self-similar turbulence.


This study aims at applying naive diversification-based modeling in formation of optimal portfolios and to test the superiority of these portfolios against its sectoral indexes. The population of this study are all companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange which are grouped into 10 sectors, namely: Agriculture; Basic Industry; Consumer; Finance; Infrastructure; Manufacture; Mining; Miscelanous Industry; Property; and Trade. The sample of this company is Top 10 Constituents in each company sector listed in the fact sheet per sector, published by the Indonesia Stock Exchange. The analytical tools used were paired sample statistics, paired sample correlations and significance tests. The results shows that portfolio formed with naive diversification modeling shows its superiority compared to its sectoral portfolio. The correlation test shows moderate significance relationship between returns and standard deviation of sectoral portfolios with naive diversification-based portfolios, while beta shows no meaningful relationship between sectoral portfolios and portfolios with naive diversification modeling. Discrimination tests show the significance of returns and standard deviations between sectoral and naive diversification modeling-based portfolios. While in line with the correlation test, there is no significant difference between the beta of the two portfolios, so it appears that the volatility of the two portfolios cannot be separated from overall market movement. For bearish market conditions, the level of portfolio loss using naive diversification modeling is lower than sector-based portfolios in the Indonesia Stock Exchange. Keywords: investment, sector indexes, simplified, portfolio modelling


Provision of social service is one of the most significant roles of the police. A review of the related literature in policing seems to reveal that empowerment holds significance for frontline officers who are largely responsible for social service delivery. This study examines the possible relationships between police social service structural empowerment (PSSSE), police social service psychological empowerment (PSSPE) and police social service role strain (PSSRS) among frontline police officers in China. This study adopts a two-phase (quantitative and qualitative approaches) sequential explanatory design. In the first phase, a questionnaire is used to collect data from a sample of two hundred frontline community patrol officers in Shenzhen Public Security Bureau, China. After conducting the quantitative analysis, the author uses in-depth interviews to explore the nature of PSSRS, PSSSE, PSSPE from twelve selected interviewees' insights. According to the results of the survey and in-depth interviews, the participants report a comparatively high level of PSSRS and low levels of PSSSE and PSSPE. It has been found that there are significantly negative correlations between PSSSE, PSSPE and PSSRS in the Chinese police organization. The Chinese police force is suggested to provide effective interventions for individual experience of psychological empowerment and reorganize the current paramilitary-bureaucratic model by changing the management practices for structural empowerment in response to the PSSRS among frontline police officers.


A method is proposed for measuring waveforms of a time-varying field gradient used for high-speed NMR imaging. It utilises a self-encoding gradient which calibrates the gradient modulation to be measured. Results are obtained in the form of a time integral of the gradient waveform, which can be used directly for Tropper's image reconstruction. Spectroscopic one-dimensional imaging experiments have been performed using rectangular and cosine gradient modulationsl. It has been demonstrated that, in both cases, significant improvement can be achieved by making use of actually measured gradient modulations for the reconstruction. It has also been shown that in addition to Tropper's reconstruction, appropriate deconvolution is necessary to obtain images with less distortion in the case of cosine modulation.


China'S competitive sports has been got the focus of attention at the Olympic Games and Paralympic Games,which play an important roal in the undertaking of the disabled.2008 Beijing Olympic flame went out slowly,we removed the Olympic rings and step into the post—Olympic era.Taking full advantage of this opportunity of helding the Olympic Games and Paralympic Games,closely focus on building a harmonious society,and further improve the quality of the disabled's living quality.It is necessary to transform the disabled sports from competitiveness to mass under this kind of environment.


after heart surgery is fre-quently associated with localized pericardial effusion. P34houghright ventricular diastolic collapse and right atrial collapse arereliable ecbrcardiographic findings in patients with circumferenltial pericardial effusion and tamponade, they are often not presentin postoperative patients with localized pericardial effusion andregional left heart tamponade. Left ventricular diastolic collapsehas been described in such patients, but the degree of hemody-namic alteration that exists with this finding is not known .Methods. Acute regional left heart tamponade was produced 14times in seven spontaneously breathing anesthetized dogs byinfusing fluid into an isolated compartment created in the peri-cardial space adjacent to the left ventricular free wall . Continuousechocardlographic imaging and hemodynamic monitoring of leftventricular, systemic arterial, right atrial, pulmonary capillarywedge and pericardial pressures were performed. MeasurementsPericardial effusion is a frequent event after cardiac surgery,occurring in -85% of pzlients (1). Fortunately, it is usuallyuncomplicated and reso' les spontaneously. Cardiac tam-ponade


and extra-contractual behavior in the same way. The basic sanction that is allowed against a deviating country, regardless of the nature of the disputed policy (that is, whether it is motivated by ex-post regret or by opportunism), is withdrawal of substantially equivalent concessions. As a result, since extra-contractual measures of protection, such as antidumping, are easier to invoke, the member countries are prolific in the use of informal trade policy flexibility instruments. The author also points out the possibility of other opportunistic behavior by injuring countries, such as foot dragging in the dispute settlement process, which is caused by the system's leniency towards extra-contractual behavior. Indeed, as the author suggests, the WTO system can benefit from a two-layer enforcement mechanism that treats good-faith and bad-faith deviations differently. The above criticisms should not obscure the virtues of the book. In addition to providing a useful summary of the incomplete contracting literature and economics of contract law, the author provides substantial evidence about the working of theWTO's non-performance and enforcement mechanism. I am, therefore, in agreement with Alan Sykes's assessment that this book is 'valuable and illuminating' for scholars and policymakers in the field of the WTO law.


We reported four new bird species for the National Park Iztaccihuatl-Popocatepetl (Megascops trichopsis, Aegolius acadicus, Athene cunicularia and Antrostomus arizonae), and five new records for the state of Puebla, four owl species (Megascops kennicotti, M. trichopsis, Aegolius acadicus and Athene cunicularia), one goatsucker (Antrostomus arizonae)


Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopic Imaging (MRSI) methods combine the analytic capabilities of NMR with spatial discrimination methods of MR imaging, and provides a unique method for evaluation of metabolism in vivo. The low sensitivity of the MR resonances typically observed for MRSI studies requires lengthy spatial encoding methods and signal averaging, which lead to long acquisition times. Simple modifications of the spatial encoding techniques used for MRI are described which optimize spatial resolution and data acquisition times for in vivo applications of MRSI.


Electromagnetic and superconducting properties are considered in superconducting layers separated by interlayer with the thickness of the oxide layer 10-20 A (the so-called multilayer lattices of (S-D-S) n-type). In particular, the phenomenon of stimulation of superconductivity is expounded and specific dependence on the number of oxide evaporated layers and their thickness is obtained. The Josephson array defectivity is considered with the frustration parameter. The number of states in these models shows a wide variety of critical behavior as a function of the frustration f(0 <; f <; 1). The characteristics defined densities of electronic states of superconducting and normal-metal layers in S/N superlattice are presented. It is clear that even with the constant interaction conservation between the nearest layers, which in the same for all the layers, the frustration introduction over the layers result in a hysteresis in T_c (n), i.e., in the irreversibility phenomena so characteristic of high-temperature superconductors. The connection of this result with tunneling spectra of high-Tc superconductors such as Yba_2Cu_3O_(7-d), (YBCO) thin films deposited on LaAlO_3 substrates is observed.


Multi-robot teams have been shown to be effective in accomplishing complex tasks which require tight coordination among team members. In homogeneous systems, recent work has demonstrated that "stepping stone" rewards are an effective way to provide agents with feedback on potentially valuable actions even when the agent-to-agent coupling requirements of an objective are not satisfied. In this work, we propose a new mechanism for inferring hypothetical partners in tightly-coupled, heterogeneous systems called Dirichlet-Multinomial Counterfactual Selection (DMCS). Using DMCS, we show that agents can learn to infer appropriate counterfactual partners to receive more informative stepping stone rewards by testing in a modified multi-rover exploration problem. We also show that DMCS outperforms a random partner selection baseline by over 40%, and we demonstrate how domain knowledge can be used to induce a prior to guide the agent learning process. Finally, we show that DMCS maintains superior performance for up to 15 distinct rover types compared to the performance of the baseline which degrades rapidly.


Myojin Knoll Caldera is located on the broad volcanic edifice of Myojin Knoll and is one of the twelve calderas along the front of the Izu-Ogasawara (Bonin) Arc. The caldera floor is about 3×4 km in diameter and lies at a depth of about 1, 400 m.Myojin Knoll is composed of three acoustically defined stratigraphic units, 1A, 1B, and 1C. These are correlated respectively with three lithologic units : stratified volcanic breccia, massive volcanic breccia and rhyolitic lava. These same lithologies were observed during submersible dives using Shinkai 2000. The volume of these units making up Myojin Knoll is Unit1A, 17.5 km3; Unit 1B, 64 km3; and Unit 1C, 48.3 km3.The mean density of Myojin Knoll is about 1.84 g/cm3, based on the calculated volumes and assumed densities of Unit 1A, 1B, and 1C. Using this density for Bouguer corrections, there is neither a high nor a low Bouguer anomaly associated with the caldera. This pattern is more typical of anomalies associated with volcanic craters rather than with Krakatau-type calderas. Three dipole type magnetic anomalies have been recognized, one on the north caldera rim, another on the west rim, and a third on the central cone. The anomaliy associated with the central cone is small, reflecting its relatively small volume.Three mechanisms are suggested for the formation of the Myojin Knoll Caldera : (1) the caldera formed as a pumice cone, (2) it formed by collapse of the pre-caldera stratovolcano that formed Units 1B and 1C, and (3) it formed by the destruction of the pre-caldera stratovolcano as a result of the explosive eruption of the huge volume of pumice associated with Unit 1A. The gravity and magnetic data presented here suggest that the models of the pumice cone and the explosive destruction of the pre-caldera stratovolcano are preferable to the model of a collapsing stratovolcano.


OBJECTIVE—To review performance characteristics of 12 insulin infusion protocols. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS—We systematically identify and compare 12 protocols and then apply the protocols to generate insulin recommendations in the management of a patient with hyperglycemia. The main focus involves a comparison of insulin doses and patterns of insulin administration. RESULTS—There is great variability in protocols. Areas of variation include differences in initiation and titration of insulin, use of bolus dosing, requirements for calculation in adjustment of the insulin infusion, and method of insulin protocol adjustments. Insulin recommendations for a sample patient are calculated to highlight differences between protocols, including the patterns and ranges of insulin dose recommended (range 27–115 units [mean ± SD 66.7 ± 27.9]), amount recommended for glucose readings >200 mg/dl, and adjustments nearing target glucose. CONCLUSIONS—The lack of consensus in the delivery of intravenous insulin infusions is reflected in the wide variability of practice noted in this survey. This mandates close attention to the choice of a protocol. One protocol may not suffice for all patients.


Silva B.P.L., Knackfuss F.B., Labarthe N. & Mendes-de-Almeida F. 2017. Effect of a synthetic analogue of the feline facial pheromone on salivary cortisol levels in the domestic cat. Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira 37(3):287-290. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Medicina Veterinária, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Rua Vital Brazil Filho 64, Niterói, RJ 24230-340, Brazil. E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com This study aimed to evaluate the ability of a saliva collection device (Salivette®) to measure cortisol levels in saliva samples of domestic cats and to assess the effect of a synthetic analogue of the feline facial pheromone fraction F3 (Feliway®) on cortisol levels. A total of 28 domestic cats from a private high-quality sanctuary were sampled before exposure to the facial pheromone and after 35 days of exposure. Two pheromone devices were placed in the area where the animals ate to guarantee the exposure of all cats. The collecting device yielded a sufficient volume of saliva (>0.20mL) to allow cortisol measurement. Cortisol measurements ranged from 0.02g/dL to 0.16μg/dL, with a difference between before (42.1%) and after (62.6%) exposure to the pheromone (F=3.2351; p≤0.0002). No difference in cortisol levels was observed between before (x =0.078μg/dL) and after (x =0.066μg/dL) (t=1.79; p=0.08) exposure. However, salivary cortisol levels decreased in 75% (21/28) of the cats after exposure (x2=12.07; p=0.0005), suggesting that the animals have different susceptibilities to the pheromone or that they spent different lengths of time in the area where the pheromone devices were installed.


Abstract The mechanism of the antimicrobial action of oregano (Origanum compactum) and clove essential oils was studied simultaneously with two phenolic components, namely thymol and eugenol. Escherichia coli and Bacillus subtilis were used as Gram negative and Gram positive bacterial models, respectively. The oils as well as their major components were capable of inducing cell Iysis. Bacteria Iysis was shown by the release of substances absorbing at 260 nm. For E. coli, the results were similar to those obtained with polymyxin B. Scanning electronic microscope observations revealed that both cell wall and membrane of die treated bacteria were significantly damaged.


A comparison of four different methods to make electrical contact to both 100nm gold nanowires and 50nm multiwall carbon nanotubes is given. The techniques are compared in terms of the success yield, contact resistance, complexity of the fabrication steps, and potential for creating novel device structures and architectures. The different methods compared are (i) in situ micromanipulation of wires onto prepatterned electrodes, (ii) ion and electron beam assisted deposition, (iii) electron beam lithography, and (iv) drop casting of wires from solution onto prepatterned electrodes.


The theoretical basis of Chinese-style Marxism is based on the fundamental tenets of classical Marxism, combines Marxism with Chinese practice,and assimilates traditional Chinese ideology as well as scientific and cultural achievements of the world.It is the outstanding result of the examination,reflection,differentiation,analysis and development of the fundamental Marxist tenets,and is chiefly composed of the value orientation of paying much attention to human existence and development,the strategy of valuing the interests of the people above everything else in managing state affairs,and the practical and realistic style of work.


Cooking oil is a daily necessity used by a family for cooking purposes. As the consumption level of cooking oil increases, it turns out slowly producing waste in the form of used cooking oil. The purpose of this research is to provide training in processing used cooking oil into soap. The training method in the research carried out several stages including preparation, socialization, soap production process, follow-up and evaluation. The training was held in Bulu, Jaten Village, Karanganyar Regency, ob January 16, 2021. The soap was processed from used cooking oil in various stages and mixed with chemicals in approximately 1 month. The results of the training activities could innovate the productivity of the local community with long-term prospects to welcome the empowerment of economically independent of Dusun Bulu residents. It can also build a Home Industry to increase the use-value of used cooking oil


OBJECTIVE
To investigate the expression of galectin-3 (Gal-3) in prolactinomas.

METHODS
Expressions of Gal-3 were evaluated by immunohistochemistry using polyclonal antibody in 16 invasive prolactinomas and 16 prolactinomas.

RESULTS
Gal-3 was expressed both in invasive prolactinomas and noninvasive prolactinomas while significantly higher expression seen in the invasive prolactinomas (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSION
Gal-3 expression may be used as a useful indicator to determine the invasiveness and prognosis of prolactinomas.


Abstract: Data of pharmaceutical quality indicator in Karsa Husada Batu Hospital in January-August 2017 showed non-conformance indicator of drug stock void figure with standard. Based on this, in this present study aim to analyze the factors that influence the occurrence of drug stock void. The research used descriptive method. The results of the study indicate that there are five problems causing the occurrence of drug stock void, the coordination between units not yet running, the implementation of the pharmaceutical HIS that has not been operated, the flow of procurement that has not run optimally, the reporting system of drug stock in the unused user unit and the lack of pharmaceutical personnel in the procurement of drug stock. FGD results indicate the need for plan of action. Short-term programs include daily drug stock reporting and analysis of drug procurement flow. Long-term program in the form of pharmaceutical HIS evaluation, data configuration procedure and report into existing pharmaceutical HIS and conduct socialization/training of pharmaceutical HIS that has been configured. Keywords: pharmaceutial service standard, drug stock void, pharmaceutical Hospital Information System (HIS).


The influence of ion exchange processing on spectral-luminescence properties of surface layers was investigated for neodimium doped silicate and phosphate glasses. It was found that ion exchange resulted in 10 - 15% decrease of luminescence life-time T. The annealing of samples produced increase of T up to values corresponding to substrate glass. These effects has been explained by simultaneous action of two mechanisms--luminescence quenching in surface layer by O-H groups and variation of radiative probabilities for neodymium ions as a result of mechanical diffusion stresses which range up to 1 GPa.


ung transplantation shows good early results (1-year graft urvival rate of 82.2%). Moreover, survival over a 5-year eriod is still high (50.5%).1 Lung transplantation is assoiated with substantial risks and severe complications hat account for early mortality in the postoperative eriod (mainly primary graft failure, infection, bleeding nd airways complications).2 However, long-term survival s determined primarily by the development of bronchioliis obliterans syndrome (BOS), the effects of which may e manifested as progressive respiratory failure or by an ncreased risk of infection.3 In 2011, 235 lung transplants were conducted in Spain, eing a big challenge in the postoperative period in 7 hositals. Two physicians of each of these institutions, plus a oordinator discussed current challenges in a meeting in antiago in October 2011 and launched a research cooperaive network (PLUTO network). Some of the expositions will e reported in this series as reviews and original articles. This subgroup of immunosupressed patients is unique iven that the transplanted organ is in constant direct ontact with the environment and is deprived of its lymhatic drainage and nerve supply, rendering it unique usceptibility to infections. Even more, it has been sugested that over-immunosupression in lung-transplanted atients is real and is detectable in patients with infectious omplications.4 Because the number of lung transplants has een increasing over the years, and has been accompaied by higher survival rates, we may anticipate that the umber of lung transplanted patients readmitted to ICU ill continue to rise in the forthcoming years. The study f this sub-population is, thereby, of extreme relevance nd actuality.5--8 This issue of Medicina Intensiva begins


In this article, emotional words are studied contextually. It analyzes examples of the use of emotional words in the works of several writers. The realization of emotional meanings in the context of sentence creates colorful emotional shades both around the basic meaning of the word and around the figurative meaning. Several literary methods can be used simultaneously to express an emotional state in a literary text. The article analyzes the meanings of several words in contexts using examples.


The purpose of the article is to assess the state of the Russian payment market and the impact on it of two main factors - the COVID-19 pandemic and the development of the digital economy. Objectives of the article: 1) highlight the stages of development of the modern payment market in Russia; 2) identify the dynamics of the payment market of the Russian Federation (infrastructure for the provision of payment and other financial services, the number of non-cash payments, the use of cash); 3) to establish the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic and the development of the digital economy on the state of the Russian payment market. As a result of solving the tasks, the following was established. There are three stages to assess the Russian payment market. Analysis of data on the infrastructure for the provision of payment and other financial services showed that since 2010 there has been an annual decrease in the number of banks. The structure of non-cash payments is changing: the number and amount of transactions using payment cards are growing, the number and volume of money transfers are decreasing, and cash is being phased out. The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic and digitalization on the state of the Russian payment market reflects trends that are being strengthened by the pandemic and are shaping a sustainable trend.


. We discuss the Hausdorff dimension of certain sets related to Diophantine approximations over an imaginary quadratic field Q ( √ d) . We show that, for an infinite subset A of Z [ ω ]\{ 0 } , the set of z ∈ C with | z − a/r | < 1 / | r | 1 + ρ having infinitely many solutions of a ∈ Z [ ω ] and r ∈ A with some ρ > 0 has Hausdorff dimension 2 ( 1 + γ)/( 1 + ρ) , where γ is the sup of h such that (cid:2) r ∈ A 1 /( | r | 2 ) h diverges. This result is a version of a result by G. Harman for complex numbers without the coprime condition. In particular, this result implies a version of the classical Jarnik-Besicovitch result when we take A = Z [ ω ]\{ 0 } . We also discuss the Hausdorff dimension of the set of complex numbers which have infinitely many solutions to the Diophantine inequality concerning the Duffin-Schaeffer conjecture over Q ( √ d) .


Mobility as a Service (MaaS) is a relatively fast-growing emerging technology based on a vision of integration and user-friendliness in mobility systems, based on a "mobility platform" approach. Considering that most of the literature so far does not take an explicitly critical attitude towards this emerging technology, this paper considers the great uncertainties and implications for the socio-technical domains in and out of everyday mobility. The analysed implications also refer to the set of innovation actors, as well as the institutions and patterns of interaction between them. The conclusion is that the technological transition of MaaS from a niche to a mobility regime requires the convergence of several socio-technical factors of societal digitalization, the development of a wider infrastructure, and a regulatory system change. To avoid the potential undesired effects of MaaS, transport policy and institutions for managing technological development will need to recognize the underlying problems at the root of further activities, ranging from depoliticization to fundamental theoretical questions about the essence of the mobility commons.


Natural fish species living in the Euphrates River System; It is subject to some pressures such as overfishing, competition with invasive species and habitat loss. As a result of these pressures, it leads to the decrease of endemic and native species. At the beginning of these species are the species belonging to the Barbus Cuvier & Cloquet, 1816 and Luciobarbus Heckel, 1843 genera, which have high economic importance. In this study, phylogenetic analysis of the species belonging to the genus Barbus Cuvier & Cloquet, 1816 and Luciobarbus Heckel, 1843, which live naturally in the Euphrates River, was carried out with mtDNA COI gene sequences. 17 fish samples belonging to five species from three localities belonging to the Euphrates river system (Turkey) were studied. Total DNA extraction was performed from muscle tissue using Commercial Kit. Then the mtDNA COI region was amplified by PCR and sequenced. Genetic distance values were calculated between 0.00201 and 0.15332, and it was determined that the closest species were L. xanthopterus and L. esocinus, and the most distant species were B. lacerta and A. grypus. In addition, phylogenetic analyzes of the target species were made and an phylogenetic tree was formed and the species were distinguished. In future studies, it is recommended to evaluate the data in this study, to determine the genetic characteristics of populations, and to carry out conservation studies at the population level.


North Yorkshire County Council has this week given a commitment to invest £15 million to maintain and improve school buildings so they continue to be ...


Safety climate is an important element of organizational reliability. This study applied benchmarking strategies for monitoring safety climate across nine North Sea oil and gas installations that were surveyed in consecutive years. Examination of absolute changes in safety climate complemented the benchmarking approach. Discriminant function analyses (DFA) identified the elements of safety climate predictive of self‐reported accidents; correlational analyses were applied to the scale scores and accident proportions across the year period. Absolute improvements were substantial, with safety climate profiles converging in the second year. Large relative improvements were also observed. DFA highlighted perceived management commitment to safety and willingness to report accidents as significant predictors of personal accident involvement. Changes in perceived management commitment to safety were closely associated with changes in safety behavior.


Many simulations of grinding processes focus on the penetration of a grinding wheel and a workpiece and neglect displacements of the machine system. This paper presents a modular concept and initial applications for developing a comprehensive simulation of the grinding process and the grinding machine.


The paper comprises of deploying whole web application and its related services in cloud platform using PaaS, here major concern is to secure the data and maintain the data flow in a streamlined manner. Methodology adopted here is using virtualization technique and utilizing resource developing platform as a service platform and it is used as a service. Online art gallery is the search engine friendly content management system in which user and admin interact with each other. Here the application is being deployed in Amazon AWS and PaaS used is Appfog which is build of cloud foundry, the open platform as a service and the database used is MySQL.


This paper contributes to the development of realistic methods which utilize finite element program to calculate eddy-current losses in laminated magnetic cores. The direct modeling method needs a fine mesh within each sheet and consequently results in large number of unknowns. To avoid modeling individually each sheet, we try to replace a number of sheets by a single one with either an equivalent conductivity or an equivalent imaginary permeability. At first, the equivalent quantities are deduced by analyzing power losses in a single sheet with infinite width. Then, the losses in two different types of cores are studied and the results obtained from the equivalent models are compared with those obtained from the original models. This comparison verifies the simplifications applied to the core models. Also, it shows the advantage of the equivalent imaginary permeability model over the equivalent conductivity model. Finally, as an example of application of the method developed above, the eddy-current losses in a three-phase transformer core are computed.


The structure and principle of capacitive gate transducer are introduced. For the verification difficulty in its application, capacitive gate transducer is modeled in high level to descript its behavior by analog hard description language Verilog-A. By the theory analysis of the relation between the transducer's signal phase and displacement and CadenceSpectre's simulation, the mode is proved to be correct and easy to use for system verification.


As we ride on a wave of technological innovation towards the age of petascale computing, massive input data models and voluminous output data sets involved in large-scale parallel computer simulations and scientific instruments will soon (if not already) overwhelm our ability to generate, manipulate, and interpret them. Although efficient and effective for processing relatively small data sets, traditional main-memory–based algorithms lack the necessary scalability to deal with massive data sets that require more memory than that is available. To address the new data challenge, we must seek a more scalable solution.
Inspired by the success of database management systems in managing huge information stores for the commercial and governmental sectors, we propose a database approach to computing and managing large-scale scientific data sets. Although unstructured scientific data sets do not map to the tabular representation of a database system naturally, we resolve the mismatch by introducing a computational cache on top of a standard database buffer pool and providing a mechanism to translate data between the inherent unstructured representation (stored in the computational cache) and the native database format (stored in database pages). Scientific application codes then operate directly on the computational cache instead of on the native database format.
We have implemented our methodology in a prototype system called Abacus that targets Delaunay triangulations, a commonly used unstructured data representation used by many scientific and engineering applications. Abacus can not only store and index existing Delaunay triangulations but also generate large-scale Delaunay triangulations from scratch. Evaluation results show that: (1) Computing a Delaunay triangulation using Abacus is more than three orders of magnitude faster than an implementation that uses standard database techniques, (2)The performance of Abacus matches that of the state-of-the-art 2D and 3D Delaunay triangulator (Triangle and Pyramid) when triangulating data sets that fit in main memory, (3) Abacus achieves scalable performance even when triangulating data sets four orders of magnitude larger than the main memory (while other software has stopped working long ago)
Furthermore, we demonstrate the scalability of Abacus in the context of a grand challenge application—earthquake ground motion modeling, where we use Abacus to compute a series of large-scale 3D Delaunay triangulated finite element meshes with multi-billion tetrahedral elements.
Although some of the techniques presented in this dissertation are specific to Delaunay triangulations, the proposition of a database approach is more general; it points to a promising new way of how to leverage and extend existing database techniques to compute and manage large-scale unstructured scientific data sets of the coming era.


This study aims to evaluate working road pavement conditions, the road pavement conditions value based on the International Roughness Index (IRI) method which is used as a basis for knowing the type of road maintenance handling type. For taking IRI, a vehicle that has good performance is used, while IRI value recording uses Roadroid software that has been installed on an Android-based mobile. The data results from this study indicate that the Perintis Kemerdekaan Road produces IRI values of 2.607 and 2.408 for each direction. From this value, it is converted in road stability level which shows that the road is in a steady category so that in general this segment for handling requires regular maintenance periodically to achieve maintaining the service level.


SUMMARY Gently folded strata of the Late Devonian Merrimbula Group along the south coast of New South Wales are similar to numerous deposits of Late Devonian to Early Carboniferous, subaerial to shallow marine, quartzose sandstone that are known as the Lambie Facies of SE Australia. Because the Lambie sands overlap the early Palaeozoic tectonic elements of the Lachlan Fold Belt, large displacement since the Late Devonian of any Lachlan terranes, with respect to interior Australia, is precluded. We collected oriented core samples from 37 sites primarily in reddish, quartzose litharenites of the Worange Point Formation. The remanent magnetization is carried by haematite. Incremental thermal demagnetization reveals a dominant, well-defined, steep-upward-north component of magnetization that post-dates the mid-Carboniferous folding. The south pole position (146.4"E, 68.6"S, Ag5 3.1") derived from the overprinted specimens is close to both the Late Carboniferous and mid-Cretaceous reference poles as well as the spin axis of today. The overprint is attributed to both viscous partial thermoremanent and chemical remanent magnetization (VPTRM and CRM). Its exclusively normal polarity is consistent with a mid-Cretaceous acquisition, perhaps related to the rifting of the SE Australian margin. A characteristic component of magnetization is isolated between -660" and -680 "C in -30 per cent of the samples. Although a regional fold test of the overall result is inconclusive because the directions of characteristic magnetization are generally close to the axes of folding, two sets of samples from opposite limbs of a local syncline pass a fold test at 90 per cent confidence, indicating a pre-folding origin of the remanence. The presence of both polarities in thin horizons, some of which are palaeosols, and diagenetic haematite associated with incipient cleavage formed in an early stage of deformation before folding, indicates that the acquisition of remanent magnetization occurred over a protracted period. An analysis that combines great circle demagnetization paths and set points, facilitates the incorporation of more data but gives a biassed result. Although normal and reverse polarity subsets are roughly antipodal, residual post-folding components cause the normal subset to fail a fold test. A south pole position (19.7"E7 70.8"S, Ag5 7.1") is derived from the specimens with characteristic component of reverse polarity in which the isolation of a characteristic component is clear. The pole position is close to that of a previous palaeomagnetic study from a widely separated occurrence of Lambie Facies sediments; both results are applicable not only to the Lachlan Fold belt, but also to the rest of Australia, and Gondwana as a whole. The position of the two poles derived from the Lambie Facies overlap assemblage in the Lachlan Fold Belt supports the interpretation that the progression


Most existing research on periodic beams concerns bending waves in mono-coupled and bi-coupled periodic mono-component beams with the unit cell containing only one beam segment, and very few works on bi-coupled periodic multi-component beams with the unit cell containing more than one beam segments study the bending waves in structures with only binary unit cells. This paper presents the method of reverberation-ray matrix (MRRM) as an alternative theoretical method for analyzing the dispersion characteristics of bending waves with the wavelength greater than the size of the cross-sections of all components in bi-coupled periodic multi-component beams. The formulation of MRRM is proposed in detail with its numerically well-conditioned property being emphasized, which is validated through comparison of the results obtained with the counterpart results by other methods for exemplified bi-coupled periodic beams. Numerical examples are also provided to illustrate the comprehensive dispersion curves represented as the relations between any two among three in frequency, wavenumber (wavelength) and phase-velocity for summarizing the general features of the dispersion characteristics of bending waves in bi-coupled periodic multi-component beams. The effects of the geometrical and material parameters of constituent beams and the unit-cell configuration on the band structures are also demonstrated by numerical examples. The most innovative finding indicated from the dispersion curves is that the frequencies corresponding to the Brillouin zone boundary may not be the demarcation between the pass-band and stop-band for bending waves in bi-coupled periodic multi-component beams.


Support for Israel among members of the US Congress has been a puzzling exception to congressional involvement and interest in the realm of foreign policy. Members of Congress have consistently debated and passed resolutions in support of Israel and in repudiation of its foes, showing strong bipartisan support for Israel. This paper systematically examines congressional involvement by identifying trends in congressional actions concerning Israel since 1973. The data include all bills and resolutions that deal specifically with Israel. We pay attention to the quantity, type of bills and resolutions, and their support to illustrate a detailed account of the overall changes in the level and nature of support for Israel. We find an active and bipartisan Congress concerning Israel that follows the general trends of congressional involvement in international affairs, and identify a recent development in congressional support for Israel where both parties are becoming less cooperative in expressing their support.


What innovation is there in the new curriculum? The transfer of the "Inorganics" course to incomplete secondary school? But is this advisable? Chemistry education in schools is indeed problematic. Does this new curriculum solve them? To start with, does it accord with the contemporary developmental level of science and the production sector? Does it guarantee continuity of knowledge in the "school—technicum—higher educational institution" nexus? Does it seek out the optimum correlation between the fundamental and applied sections of the course—a correlation that would make it possible to combine pupil abstract thinking rationally with graphic and visual perception?


Abstract Objective We aimed to study the correlation between neck circumference (NC) and anthropometric adiposity indicators, and to determine cut-off points of NC for both sexes to identify elevated central adiposity in schoolchildren in western Mexico. Design Cross-sectional study. Setting Rural settings in western México. Participants Children from a convenience sample of six schools in Acatlán, Jalisco, Mexico (n 1802). Results NC showed a strong positive correlation with all anthropometric adiposity indicators in both sexes, which were notably higher in boys regardless of age. Noteworthy, waist circumference displayed the highest significant correlation when analysed by both age and sex. As age increased, NC cut-off points to identify elevated central adiposity ranged from 25·7 to 30·1 cm for girls and from 27·5 to 31·7 cm for boys. Conclusions NC could be used as a simple, inexpensive and non-invasive indicator for central obesity assessment in Mexican schoolchildren.


Lobelia pachytricha is described and illustrated, and major differences between it and closely related species discussed. Typification of Lobelia pedunculata is discussed.


We traced 105 of 140 siblings of children with insulin-dependent diabetes (IDD) who had had oral glucose tolerance tests (OGTT) 10–12 yr earlier. Siblings with abnormal tests by screening criteria (8.3 mmol/L at 1 h, 7.2 at 2 h, N = 44) included all 6 who subsequently developed IDD after 3 mo to 7 yr (5.7% of entire group, 13.6% of abnormal screenees). The National Diabetes Data Group criterion for children (7.8 mmol/L at 2 h) identified 19 siblings, including 5 of the 6 who later developed IDD (26% of abnormals). Subsequent full 4-h OGTT, including analysis of insulin responses, did not improve predictability for subsequent IDD. Thus, siblings of IDD were identified at high risk (14–26%) or at low risk (0–1%) for subsequent IDD by a simple 2-h OGTT. The prolonged latency in the development of IDD indicates that, among siblings of IDD, this disorder may be already chronic for years by the time of clinical onset.


Taking the Yellow River floodplain as studying background,the lakes of city in this region as a research object,creating mechanisms and institutional laws of "the lakes of city" under the influence of the Yellow River's flood and sediment have been discussed through the research of its constitutional elements,historical causes,evolution and space pattern.The research shows "that the lakes of city" in ancient cities result from both the echo-environment changing which caused by the Yellow River floods under the specific natural conditions and construction pattern of the ancient urban city.It not only assumes the ability of flood control and disaster mitigation,such as release floodwater and drain waterlogged fields,but also plays an important role in nowadays urban construction as well.


Database WPI, Section Ch. Week 9018, Derwent Publications Ltd., London, GB, Class BO4, AN 90-137766, XPOO2014080 & SUA,1514 782 (1988). International Search Report of corresponding PCT Applica tion No. PCT/US96/07146 dated Oct. 4, 1996. Primary Examiner W. Gary Jones ASSistant Examiner Dianne Rees Attorney, Agent, or Firm Testa, Hurwitz & Thibeault, LLP


This study was carried out to determine the proximate composition and nutritional adequacy of six complete commercial feeds for pet rabbits available in the Italian market. Wide variability was observed in the chemical composition of the complete feeds selected. Two feeds exceeded crude protein recommended level (172 g/kg and 182 g/kg), whereas 50% of the diets selected did not meet the minimal crude fibre requirements of 130 g/kg. The estimated digestible energy (DE) showed an oversupply in five feeds, attributable to high starch content (from 195 to 380 g/kg) in four of them. Fat levels resulted adequate in all feeds (between 10 and 50 g/kg), whereas a wide variability was observed in fatty acid (FA) composition. All feeds were deficient in phosphorus (<5 g/kg) and three of them also in calcium (<8 g/kg). All feeds were below the minimal vitamin E requirements (<40 mg/kg). One feed showed an aflatoxin B1 content of 11.36 μg/kg which is slightly higher than the European recommended maximum amount of 10 μg/kg. The six pet rabbit feeds obtained from the Italian market did not fulfil the nutrient requirements for pet rabbits and feeding animals with these products might produce detrimental health effects in the long term.


6.0 Objective: The SSPA or TWTA is the non-linear sub-system operating at saturation in the communication transponder so contribute to the overall non-linearity of the satellite communication system. All the transponders are operated under the multi-carrier operation, which generate higher order inter modulation product, in which the third order product are prominent. Accurate measurement of the third order inter modulation product is necessary to achieve the most optimal performance of the transponder. The objective of this research is to provide an accurate and repetitive measurement of third order inter modulation product so that the SSPA can be operated in the saturation region otherwise its' efficiency will be degraded.


Observations of children's daily activities and interviews with the children's caretakers provided information on preschool children's informal home education in Utuado, Puerto Rico. Three kinds of skills were examined: literacy, chores, and rule-bound games. The unit of analyiis was the "Potential Learning Activity" (PLA), a behavior/sequence of behaviors that can result in learning on a specific topic. PLAS were identified as involving observation, imitation, or performance.,Literacy PLAs (reading, writing, counting, and preliteracy) were the most frequent skills observed, and games were the least frequent. Activities involved performance more often than observation and imitation. About half of the literacy and the chore PLAs were done alone, while all game PLAs were done with others. Children initiated performance and participation in literacy and game PLAs more than in chore PLAs. The PLA interactions involved the initiation-reply-evaluation sequence of formal education, but unlike formal instructor-initiated education processes, PLA interactions were responses to children's behavior and speech and dealt mcre with process than with facts. In urban Utuado, children's informal education, like that in unindustrialized countries, emphasizes participatory learning and learner-initiated learning opportunities, but places less emphasis on observation, imitation, and demonstration as learning methods. (Author/MJL) *********************************************************************** Reproductions supplied by EDRi are the best that can be made from the original document. *********************************************************************** Puerto Rican Children's Informal Education at Home Grant No. NIE-G-80-0132


The reconstruction for limited-view scanning, though often the case in practice, has remained a difficult issue for photoacoustic imaging (PAI). The incompleteness of sampling data will cause serious artifacts and fuzziness in those missing views and it will heavily affect the quality of the image. To solve the problem of limited-view PAI, a compensation method based on the Gerchberg–Papoulis (GP) extrapolation is applied into PAI. Based on the known data, missing detectors elements are estimated and the image in the missing views is then compensated using the Fast Fourier Transform (FFT). To accelerate the convergence speed of the algorithm, the total variation (TV)-based iterative algorithm is incorporated into the GP extrapolation-based FFT-utilized compensation method (TV-GPEF). The effective variable splitting and Barzilai–Borwein based method is adopted to solve the optimization problem. Simulations and in vitro experiments for both limited-angle circular scanning and straight-line scanning are conducted to validate the proposed algorithm. Results show that the proposed algorithm can greatly suppress the artifacts caused by the missing views and enhance the edges and the details of the image. It can be indicated that the proposed TV-GPEF algorithm is efficient for limited-view PAI.


Aiming at the fracture fault of GH4169 alloy bolt of a gas turbine engine,the failure mode of bolt is Cadmium embrittlement by macro and micro observation of fracture surface,chemical composition analysis,hardness testing,metallurgical structure analysis,examination and analysis of fault-free bolts and nuts.The main causes of the Cadmium embrittlement fracture were that it contacted with Cadmium plating layer of nut,suffered loaded tension stress effect and high wok temperature.Some suggestions are proposed to provide references for eliminating similar fault,which the GH4169 alloy bolt are used in the connection of turbine rear casing and the Cadmium plating are avoided to use the surface protection in the connection of the hot section components and parts.


The article is devoted to problems of law application of clause 274 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation. Official statistical data are analyzed; criminal-legal analysis of corpus delicti is carried out. Peculiarities of service regulations of the computer are singled out; offers on modification and additions to clause 274 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation are made.


2012 Declaration I declare that I have composed this thesis myself, that it has not been accepted in any previous application for a degree, and that the work contained herein is my own. I also declare that all quotations have been distinguished by quotation marks, and that all sources of information have been specifically acknowledged. Acknowledgements I would first like to thank my supervisor, Dave Benson, for his expertise and generosity with his time. It was an honour to be your student. I would also like to thank the members of the Institute of Mathematics for welcoming me into their department and allowing me to be part of their working family. There were several people in the department with whom I had discussions that contributed to this work or my overall knowledge. In particular, I am grateful to Markus Linckelmann, Radha Kessar, Michaa l Stolorz and Aaron Chan. In addition, I would like to thank Michael Weiss and Filipp Levikov for electing to eat lunch at a reasonable hour. My warmest thanks also go to anybody who bought me coffee at the Hub on any occasion. I was the recipient of some rather non-trivial funding whilst at Aberdeen. I am eternally grateful to Geoffrey Robinson for his profound generosity. My appreciation also goes to the Colorado Alpha Chapter of Phi Beta Kappa for partially funding my postgraduate research through the Crisp Fellowship. Finally, I would like to thank Richard Green in Boulder for fostering my love of algebra, and for much encouragement throughout my undergraduate and postgraduate years. Dedication To Lyndsie and Stoney Pants, with all my love. Summary Let E be an elementary abelian p-group of rank r and let k be an algebraically closed field of characteristic p. We investigate finitely generated kE-modules of stable constant Jordan type [a][b] with 1 ≤ a, b ≤ p − 1 using the functors F i from finitely generated kE-modules to vector bundles on the projective space P r−1 constructed by Benson and Pevtsova. In particular, we study relations on the Chern numbers of the trivial bundle M to obtain restrictions on a and b for sufficiently large ranks and primes. We then study kE-modules with the constant image property and define the constant image layers of a module with respect to its maximal submodule having the constant image property. We prove that almost all such subquotients are semisimple. Focusing on …


Prokaryotic 5'-methylthioadenosine/S-adenosylhomocysteine nucleosidase (MtaN) is a multifunctional enzyme that can hydrolyze S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine (SAH) and S-methyl-5'-thioadenosine (MTA) to give S-ribosyl-L-homocysteine (SRH) and S-methyl-5'-thioribose (MTR), respectively. This reaction plays a key role in several metabolic pathways, including biological methylation, polyamine biosynthesis, methionine recycling and bacterial quorum sensing. Structurally, MtaN belongs to the MtnN subfamily of the purine nucleoside phosphorylase (PNP)/uridine phosphorylase (UDP) phosphorylase family. Aeromonas hydrophila has two MtnN subfamily proteins: MtaN-1, a periplasmic protein with an N-terminal signal sequence, and MtaN-2, a cytosolic protein. In this study, MtaN-1 from Aeromonas hydrophila was successfully expressed and purified using Ni-NTA affinity, Q anion-exchange and gel-filtration chromatography. Crystals of the protein in complex with the substrate SAH were obtained and diffracted to a resolution of 1.4 Å. The crystals belonged to the trigonal space group P3₁21 or P3₂21, with unit-cell parameters a = b = 102.7, c = 118.8 Å. The asymmetric unit contained two molecules of MtaN-1 complexed with SAH.


Objective: The infants who received extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) support in the neonatal period may have life-long developmental risks. The objective of this study was to determine the developmental risk factors and developmental status at the 1st and 2nd year follow-up evaluations of the infants who were supported with ECMO in the neonatal period at Ankara University (AU) Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU). Material and Methods: Infants in this research were evaluated with the information of perinatal risk factors, neonatal intensive care unit progress and the evaluations with the Expanded-Guide for Monitoring Child Development (ExpGMCD), Guide for Monitoring Child Development (GMCD), and the Bayley Scales of Infant Development-III (BSID-III). Results: The sample consisted of 8 babies who survived from 12 newborns who received ECMO support at AU NICU between September 2015 and September 2017. One of the babies with Down syndrome had significant developmental delays in the language, cognitive, fine and gross motor domains at 1st and 2nd year follow-up and another baby had an expressive language delay at the 2nd year evaluation. Conclusion: According to the developmental assessment of the infants who received ECMO support at the AU NICU, 75% (6 cases) were developed age-appropriately in all developmental domains with standardized tools. It is important to monitor the development of these children with a transdiciplinary approach to determine risk factors, support early childhood development and the family, and provide early diagnosis and intervention.


As the complexity and volume of datasets have increased along with the capabilities of modular, open-source, easy-to-implement, visualization tools, scientists' need for, and appreciation of, data visualization has risen too. Until recently, scientists thought of the "explanatory" graphics created at a research project's conclusion as "pretty pictures" needed only for journal publication or public outreach. The plots and displays produced during a research project - often intended only for experts - were thought of as a separate category, what we here call "exploratory" visualization. In this view, discovery comes from exploratory visualization, and explanatory visualization is just for communication. Our aim in this paper is to spark conversation amongst scientists, computer scientists, outreach professionals, educators, and graphics and perception experts about how to foster flexible data visualization practices that can facilitate discovery and communication at the same time. We present an example of a new finding made using the glue visualization environment to demonstrate how the border between explanatory and exploratory visualization is easily traversed. The linked-view principles as well as the actual code in glue are easily adapted to astronomy, medicine, and geographical information science - all fields where combining, visualizing, and analyzing several high-dimensional datasets yields insight. Whether or not scientists can use such a flexible "undisciplined" environment to its fullest potential without special training remains to be seen. We conclude with suggestions for improving the training of scientists in visualization practices, and of computer scientists in the iterative, non-workflow-like, ways in which modern science is carried out.


The invention discloses a method for improving the leaching efficiency of manganese in waste zinc-manganese batteries by use of an ultrasonic technique. The method comprises the following steps: firstly, splitting the waste zinc-manganese batteries, screening out the cathode materials, and obtaining an cathode material powder by virtue of soaking, suction filtration, washing, drying and grinding dispersing; secondly, performing a leaching reaction under the ultrasonic action with sulfuric acid as a leaching agent and hydrogen peroxide as a reducing agent. As the ultrasonic technique is adopted for the method, the leaching reaction time is shortened, and the leaching efficiency of manganese in the waste zinc-manganese batteries in the acid leaching process is improved.


The invention discloses a CMOS image pixel array with a two-lenticule layer. By arranging the two-lenticule layer above the pixel array, wherein the two-lenticule layer is formed by arraying two lenticules in the vertical direction, parallel incident rays can still simultaneously and vertically shoot towards a set of sensitive diodes in a parallel state so that the sensitive diodes can be sensitized after being subject to secondary refraction through each set of two lenticules of the two-lenticule layer, wherein two lenticules in each set correspond to each other in the vertical direction, and the sensitive diodes are correspondingly coupled with the lower portions of the lenticules; multi-axial phase detection and automatic focusing are performed through acquired sub-images with phase differences so that the automatic focusing function can be integrated on the unit pixel level of the pixel array. Accordingly, the problem that in the prior art, an image system needs a complicated focusing unit for assistance, or automatic focusing is low in speed and accuracy is eliminated, and image quality can be reasonably guaranteed while automatic focusing is performed quickly.


Objective:To investigate the correlation between Stromal cell derived factor-1(SDF-1)expression and neointima thicking rate of rat abdominal aorta grafts at the same time-point post-transplantation.Methods:Male Sprague-Darley rats received abdominal aorta grafts from male Wistar abdominal arteries.Neointima thickness of rat abdominal aorta grafts was measured and immunohischemistry was conducted for checking the expression of SDF-1 on the endothelial cells.Results:The correlation between SDF-1 expression and neointima thicking rate at the same time-point post-transplantation was significant. Conclusion:SDF-1 participated in the repair process of rat abdominal aorta grafts by mobilizing hematopoietic stem cells to injured parts.Furthermore, SDF-1 is predictive of the subsequent development of arteriosclerosis and chronic graft dysfunction(CGD).


The interaction between ultrasonic Lamb waves and the region of rigid contact between two elastic layers is explored analytically. This problem is a model of two sheets welded in this region, and is of great practical importance in a nondestructive evaluation of welds. To uniquely define the dimensions of the region on the basis of the transmitted ultrasonic signal, the experimental conditions are selected in such a manner as to avoid resonance in the region of contact. Our experiments show that there exists a one‐to‐one relationship in the form of T∼d3 between the transmission coefficients T of the wave through a region of contact having diameter d.


Polyamines (PAs) are indispensable polycations ubiquitous to all living cells. Among their many critical functions, PAs contribute to the oxidative balance of the cell. Beginning with studies by the Tabor laboratory in bacteria and yeast, the requirement for PAs as protectors against oxygen radical-mediated damage has been well established in many organisms, including mammals. However, PAs also serve as substrates for oxidation reactions that produce hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ) both intra- and extracellularly. As intracellular concentrations of PAs can reach millimolar concentrations, the H 2 O 2 amounts produced through their catabolism, coupled with a reduction in protective PAs, is sufficient to cause the oxidative damage associated with many pathologies, including cancer. Thus, the maintenance of intracellular homeostasis. spermine products demethylase


The Swiss Federal Vocational Baccalaureate (FVB) was implemented to promote higher education related with the promise of decreasing social disparities. The presented results, based on secondary analyses of a Swiss longitudinal study, show that the promise couldn't be kept. The achievement of an FVB depends highly on gender, socioeconomic background, aspirations and earlier school career characteristics. On this basis, the euphoric discussion on the compensatory effects of permeability should be founded on empirical research, rather than policy promises.


In this issue (P6), Morimitsu and Hamasaki report that once-weekly glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonist, dulaglutide ameliorated glycemic control by suppressing fasting and postprandial glucagon secretion in a patient with type 2 diabetes [1]. Their report reminded me a significance of impaired crosstalk between insulin and glucagon secretion in patients with type 2 diabetes. In normal individuals, serum glucagon falls after carbohydrate ingestion. In diabetic patients, serum glucagon is not suppressed by carbohydrate ingestion despite hyperglycemia [2]. An inverse relationship between insulin and glucagon secretion observed in normal individuals has been lost in patients with type 2 diabetes [3]. Such an impaired crosstalk between insulin and glucagon secretion was also observed in pre-diabetic individuals [4]. Postprandial hyperglucagonemia in type 2 diabetes is likely due to loss of intra-islet postprandial suppression of glucagon secretion by insulin [5]. Therefore, altered insulin-to-glucagon ratio which was used in the report by Morimitsu and Hamasaki should play an important role in the pathophysiology of type 2 diabetes [6]. GLP-1 receptor agonist improved glycemic control by amelioration of insulin-to-glucagon ratio. Effects of other anti-diabetic drugs on insulin-to-glucagon ratio should be studied in the future.


One of the most notable changes in the field of agricultural development has been the growing popularity of thinking in terms of innovation systems rather than just focusing on research.


This article proposes STEP, a novel object-based similarity matrix, for assessing both geometric and thematic accuracies of remote-sensing image classification. In contrast to the traditional error matrix, STEP uses samples of classified and reference objects rather than counts of pixels. Moreover, STEP provides four (4) similarity metrics for characterization of classified objects compared with reference objects: (i) shape similarity (S); (ii) theme similarity (T); (iii) edge similarity (E); and (iv) position similarity (P). Individual objects' similarity metrics are grouped by thematic class and expressed in the integrated STEP similarity matrix. The proposed approach is illustrated using both a hypothetical classification and a real urban land-cover classification obtained from high spatial resolution orthoimagery. Results show that the STEP indices and matrices are able to express meaningful information about thematic and geometric accuracies of object-based image classifications. It also yields area weighted aggregated-by-class error matrices that allow for calculating overall accuracy metrics.


The authors stress the actuality of percutaneous transhepatic cholangiography (P.T.C.) in differential diagnosis of jaundice, for absence of complications, low cost, simplicity of execution, and high percent of success. They derive their technique by Okuda et al., with some proper variations. Particular stress is placed on the decompression of biliary tree before and after injection of contrast medium (M.D.C.). Results obtained coincide with those of other authors.


Collagen (Col) is extensively used in various applications, including pharmaceutical, agricultural, and food applications. The materials based in Col may exhibit properties of biomedical interest because of their low toxicity, high structural capacity support, controlled biodegradability, and biocompatibility. However, Col has poor thermal and mechanical properties. The addition of plasticizers (Plas's) and fillers is an established strategy for enhancing the properties of the resulting nanocomposites. In this study, nanocomposites based on Col and cellulose nanocrystals were developed in two different ways and with three different Plas's. These materials were subjected to structural, thermal, mechanical, and morphological analysis. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2017, 134, 44954.


To assess Australian Early Childhood Education and Care Services (ECEC) staff on their preparedness to manage children with food allergy (FA) and anaphylaxis.


A jet system high pressure fluid comprising: a motion assembly (20) for handling a set of fluid jet at high pressure and having a gimbal wrist configured to engage a bridge (11) for movement along a longitudinal axis (68) of the bridge (11), the gimbal wrist being provided with a first motor (40) having a first axis of rotation (82) wherein the first axis of rotation (82 ) is the axis of rotation of a shaft of the respective motor of the first motor and a second motor (41) having a second axis of rotation (83) in which the second rotation axis (83) is the axis of rotation a tree respective the second motor, wherein the first axis of rotation (82) is perpendicular to the second axis of rotation (83), wherein the first and second pivot axes (82, 83) are neither parallel nor perpendicular to the longitudinal axis (68) of the bridge (11).


The article introduces the preparation and identification of HHPS. At first, dicarbanion salt was formed with NaN as inifer reagent, then, this dicarbonion salt was coupled by I_2 to form HHPS. The structure of HHPS was identified by IR,~1H NMR. The structure character was reflected both in IR and ()~1H NMR.


2, which is also associated with the aging of the population (Topor-Mądry 2011: 25). The similarity of both risks is even clearer when, instead of the definition of disability set by the Polish law, we refer to the one which was set out in the UN convention on the rights of disabled people, according to which (article 1) the disabled include those who have long-term physical, mental, intellectual or sensory impairments, which in interaction with various barriers may hinder their full and effective participation in society on an equal basis with others. At the same time, challenges related to disability and long-term illness, including above all those associated with the provision of care on the one hand and rehabilitation and social integration on the other, will intensify due to the aging of Poland's population. Results of the PolSenior survey also underscore the fact that the older the person is, the more frequently he or she is affected by restricted independence, and the need for assistance from other people increases drastically after turning eighty (Bledowski 2011: 33, 35). Knowing that health problems intensify with age, and keeping in mind the ongoing demographic changes, in particular the lengthening of life expectancy, declining fertility rates as well as the change of the family model, one can expect an increase of benefits related to illness or disability as a percentage of all social assistance benefits disbursed. For institutions responsible for social policy, an increasingly longer lifespan means not just a higher number of beneficiaries, but also an extension of the period in which they receive assistance, which is primarily due to the fact that a longer life does not mean a longer life in good health. Eurostat data for Poland shows that, while the expected average lifespan of men and women at the time of birth is increasing systematically, the number of years in good health is declining 3 . Considering the above, it becomes clear that the care system for disabled people needs to be considered carefully. Perhaps one should even talk about the creation of such a system, since the existing solutions, in which the family played the role of the primary caretaker, will no longer be accessible to a large part of the Polish society, for demographic and social reasons.


Fast, accurate tsunami forecasts are an essential component of an effective tsunami warning system. Decision-makers at tsunami warning centers must assess the hazard to coastal communities by rapidly collecting and interpreting earthquake and sea-level data. The stakes are high: A missed warning could devastate entire regions and needless evacuations are expensive, dangerous and erode confidence in the warning system. Tsunami forecasting technology under development at NOAA/PMEL is based on the well-tested approach used in many other forecast systems - i.e., the integration of real-time measurement and modeling technologies. Real-time monitoring and measurement of sea-level data in the deep ocean is presently made by a seven-station network of DART (Deep-ocean Assessment and Reporting of Tsunamis) systems. DART II is a new generation system that will have additional features and capabilities to aid the forecasting ability of tsunami warning centers. As a result of the devastating impact of the 26 December 2004 Sumatra tsunami and the proven value of the DART array, the number of network stations will be increased to 39 by mid-2007


Taking 45 tons articulated dump truck parking hydraulic braking system as the object of study,the model of articulated dumper hydraulic braking system was established and simulated using the software AMESim,which theoretically confirms the reliability of this vehicle braking system.The factors that impact the dynamic hydraulic braking system were analyzed.


On April 15, 2008, the Department of Energy (DOE) issued a Funding Opportunity Announcement for Advanced Water Power Projects which included a Topic Area for Marine and Hydrokinetic Renewable Energy Market Acceleration Projects. Within this Topic Area, DOE identified potential navigational impacts of marine and hydrokinetic renewable energy technologies and measures to prevent adverse impacts on navigation as a sub-topic area. DOE defines marine and hydrokinetic technologies as those capable of utilizing one or more of the following resource categories for energy generation: ocean waves; tides or ocean currents; free flowing water in rivers or streams; and energy generation from the differentials in ocean temperature. PCCI was awarded Cooperative Agreement DE-FC36-08GO18177 from the DOE to identify the potential navigational impacts and mitigation measures for marine hydrokinetic technologies. A technical report addressing our findings is available on this Science and Technology Information site under the Product Title, "Marine and Hydrokinetic Renewable Energy Technologies: Potential Navigational Impacts and Mitigation Measures". This product is a brochure, primarily for project developers, that summarizes important issues in that more comprehensive report, identifies locations where that report can be downloaded, and identifies points of contact for more information.


Acute renal failure in pregnancy is complex causes, and with high maternal-fetal mortality. Renal is vulnerable to injury during pregnancy. Distinguish physiological changes related to pregnancy and the common etiologies of renal failure in pregnancy are helpful to find the predisposing factors quickly and accurately. Disease progression can be effectively prevented by active interventions and the maternal-fetal prognosis can be improved. This article will elaborate on the etiology, diagnosis and treatment of acute renal failure in pregnancy.

Key words:
Kidney failure, acute; Kidney function tests; Pregnancy, high-risk