Over the last decade interest in nervous control of the heart has become rekindled.1 Early investigators demonstrated the importance of the parasympathetic2 and sympathetic3 nervous systems in cardiovascular regulation, and by the beginning of this century neural regulation was considered to be the dominant influence in cardiac physiology and a primary causative factor in coronary artery spasm and angina pectoris.4 However, cardiovascular concepts were altered following the demonstration by Frank5 that the diastolic volume of the heart significantly affects systolic contraction. Frank observed that if the diastolic filling volume is increased the subsequent contraction ejects a greater volume owing to more vigorous contraction. Because this mechanism depends upon changing lengths or volumes of the heart muscle in diastole it has been called "heterometric autoregulation". This concept was applied to the mammalian heart early in the 1 900s by several laboratories,6'7 but was later labelled the Starling mechanism. Impetus to full acceptance of heterometric autoregulation was given by the elegantly conceived series of experiments by Lundin8 with in vitro techniques. Since that time experiments correlating microscopic structure with function9 have greatly helped to emphasize the importance of this hypothesis. This article reviews some of the implications derived from the mounting evidence that the autonomic nervous system exerts a significant physiologic influence on the heart in health and disease.


Based on correlation analysis of band-limited noise in practical communication system,a model of Phase-Inversion Symmetric Modulation system was introduced.There are two similar channels in the model,and a gain factor was introduced in one channel.The relationship between gain factor,noise power ratio and noise correlation was considered,and a mathematical expression for that was obtained.At last,simulation was made by using MATALAB because of its powerful mathematical simulation capability.From the simulated graph a conclusion was drawn,which shows this PISM would improve signal to noise ratio effectively,and PISM has superior anti-noise performance.


1. Introduction (by Clarke, Sandra) 2. "Lawless and vulgar innovations": Victorian views of Canadian English (by Chambers, J.K.) 3. Canadian English lexicography (by Gregg, Robert J.) 4. The hobgoblin of Canadian English spelling (by Pratt, T.K.) 5. The planting of Anglo-Irish in Newfoundland (by Kirwin, William J.) 6. The Americanization of Canadian pronunciation: A survey of palatal glide usage (by Clarke, Sandra) 7. African American English in the diaspora: Evidence from oldline Nova Scotians (by Poplack, Shana) 8. A synchronic study of English spoken in Ottawa: Is Canadian English becoming more American? (by Woods, Howard B.) 9. Linguistic symmetries, asymmetries, and border effects within a Canadian/American sample (by Zeller, Christine) 10. A sociolinguistic analysis of Canadian English in Saskatchewan: A look at urban versus rural speakers (by Nylvek, Judith A.) 11. Retracting of /ae/ in Vancouver English (by Esling, John H.) 12. Comparative sociolinguistics of (aw)-fronting (by Hung, Henrietta) 13. Local patterns and markers of speech in Vancouver English (by Wolf, Gaelan Dodds de) 14. Addresses of authors 15. Index


THREE ESSAYS ON OBSERVABLE COVARIATES IN OPTION PRICING Yoontae Jeon Doctor of Philosophy Graduate Department of The Joseph L. Rotman School of Management University of Toronto 2017 This dissertation contains three essays on observable covariates in option pricing. In the first essay, I propose firm-specific public news arrival from Factiva database as an observable covariate in equity options market and study how the public news arrival is priced. I first establish the empirical relationship between the firm-specific public news arrival and jumps in individual equity returns. Subsequently, I build a continuous-time stochastic volatility jump diffusion model where news arrivals driving the jump dynamics. When estimated on equity options data for 20 individual firms, the premia placed on jump frequency and size turn out to be consistent with the theories highlighting both positive and negative effects of public news arrival. The second essay, based on a joint work with Peter Christoffersen, Bruno Feunou and Chayawat Ornthanalai, studies how the stock market illiquidity affects the market crash risk. Our empirical approach is to estimate a continuous-time model with stochastic volatility and dynamic crash probability where stock market illiquidity is used as an observable covariate driving the crash probability. While the crash probability is time-varying, its dynamic depends only weakly on return variance once we include market illiquidity as an economic variable in the model. This finding suggests that the relationship between variance and jump risk found in the literature is largely due to their common exposure to market illiquidity. Our study highlights the importance of equity market frictions in index return dynamics and explains why prior studies find that crash risk increases with market uncertainty level. The third essay, based on a joint work with Peter Christoffersen and Bruno Feunou, proposes the realized jump variation measure constructed from the intraday S&P500 returns data as an observable covariate that helps pricing of index options. The volatility and jump intensity dynamics in the model are directly driven by model-free empirical measures of diffusive volatility and jump variation. Because the empirical measures are observed in discrete intervals, our option valuation model is cast in discrete time, allowing for straightforward filtering and estimation of the model. When estimated on S&P500 index options and returns the new model performs well compared with standard benchmarks.


e82 www.ccmjournal.org January 2014 • Volume 42 • Number 1 As confounding can never be excluded and many more confounders may play a role apart from the above mentioned, observational studies should be regarded as explorative, hypothesis-generating studies that do not provide the final answer but merely facilitate the beginning of new research. Quality registries in ICU, such as NICE, are valuable resources to perform such observational studies, as it enables adjustments of the most important predictors of outcome and its sheer size provides the statistical power to detect less prominent associations. Dr. de Keizer served as a board member for and is employed by Netherlands Intensive Care Evaluation (NICE) foundation (original article is based on the NICE registry). The remaining authors have disclosed that they do not have any potential conflicts of interest.


Recent questions have been raised in the visual search literature concerning whether illusory conjunctions of correctly registered features occur (indicating a feature integration process) or are an artifact of feature misperception. The current investigation raised and addressed similar questions for findings of auditory illusory conjunctions using simultaneous, spatially distributed musical tones. Two experiments were conducted where musically trained listeners identified pairs of tones that reflected possible combinations of two instrument timbres with two pitches. Experiments differed in the spatial separation between simultaneous tones to potentially evaluate the effects of distance on feature perception/integration. In Experiment 1 tones were presented to opposing ears. In Experiment 2 tones were only slightly lateralized by a manipulation of interaural time disparities. Conjunction responses, reflecting the incorrect combination of features, frequently occurred, and were more common for slightly la...


5 Background: It is largely unknown whether prostate-specific antigen at first date of testing predicts long-term risk of prostate cancer incidence and mortality in the general population. We tested the hypothesis that baseline prostate-specific antigen levels predict long-term risk of prostate cancer incidence and mortality.

METHODS
Using a prospective study, we examined 4383 20-94 year old men from the Danish general population followed in the Copenhagen City Heart Study from 1981 through 2009. Prostate-specific antigen was measured in plasma samples obtained in 1981-83.

RESULTS
During 28 years of follow-up, 170 men developed prostate cancer and 94 died from prostate cancer. Median follow-up was 18 years (range 0.5-28 years). For prostate cancer incidence, the subhazard ratio was 3.0 (95% confidence interval (CI) 1.9-4.6) for a prostate-specific antigen level of 1.01-2.00 ng/ml, 6.8 (4.2-11) for 2.01-3.00 ng/ml, 6.6 (3.4-13) for 3.01-4.00 ng/ml, 16 (10.4-25) for 4.01-10.00 ng/ml, and 57 (32-104) for >10.00 ng/ml versus 0.01-1.00 ng/ml.. For prostate cancer mortality, corresponding subhazard ratios were 2.2 (1.3-3.9), 5.1 (2.8-9.0), 4.2 (1.8-10), 7.0 (3.8-14), and 14 (6.0-32). For men with prostate-specific antigen levels of 0.01-1.00 ng/ml, absolute 10-year risk of prostate cancer was 0.6% for age <45 years, 0.7% for 45-49 years, 1.1% for 50-54 years, 1.2% for 55-59 years, 1.3% for 60-64 years, 1.1% for 65-69 years, 1.3% for 70-74 years, and 1.5% for age≥75 years; corresponding values for prostate-specific antigen levels >10.00 ng/ml were 35%, 41%, 63%, 71%, 77%, 69%, 75%, and 88%, respectively.

CONCLUSIONS
Stepwise increases in prostate-specific antigen at first date of testing predicted a 3-57 fold increased risk of prostate cancer, a 2-16 fold increased risk of prostate cancer mortality, and a 35-88% absolute 10-year risk of prostate cancer in those with prostate-specific antigen levels >10.00 ng/ml. Equally important, absolute 10-year risk of prostate cancer in those with levels 0.01-1.00 ng/ml was only 0.6-1.5%.


Objective: Hospital nursing staffs are required to engage in community-based integrated nursing practice as the Japanese government promotes"aging-in-place"strategies and the construction of community-based integrated care systems. The aim of this study was to clarify the current situation regarding recognition of the Community-based nursing practice supervisor training program (extension program), and the Community-based nursing leader training course(graduate program)among university hospital nursing staffs. M ethods: An anonymous, self-administered questionnaire survey was conducted with 751 nursing staffs at A-University Hospital. Results: A total of 674 questionnaires were returned (89.7 % response rate), with 667 questionnaires analyzed (98.9 % valid response rate). Altogether,305 respondents(45.7 % )knew the extension program and 395 respondents (59.2 % )knew the graduate course,while 149 respondents(22.3 % )were interested in or considering enrolling in the extension program, and 119 respondents (17.8 % ) in the graduate course. The main reason for hesitation was uncertainty about managing both work and study. A total of 231 respondents(34.6 % )knew about"the Home Care Mind Concept". Conclusion: The study suggested that knowledge dissemination activities using the cooperation system of the university hospital nursing department and the university for development of community-based integrated nursing personnel could raise motivation for enrolling in recurrent education programs.


The principle,characteristics and types of SSR markers were introduced.In addition,its application was mainly reviewed in three aspects including the construction of the genetic linkage map,the detection of the purity of variety and the study of the maize genetic diversity.


Xanthium spinosum is an annual invasive species,and it was originated from South American. It has a wide adaptability to barren soil and saline or alkaline soil as well as flood and drought conditions. Just because of its transmission capability,X. spinosum devastates the native biodiversity,plant distribution,community formation and intercrop evolution. In this paper,the aqueous extract from the roots,stems and leaves of X. spinosum,at concentrations of 0. 012 5,0. 250,0. 050 g·mL- 1and 0. 100 g·mL- 1,was used as a treatment solution to study its allelopathic effect on seed germination of Triticum aestivum and Medicago sativa. The results revealed that the seed germination of T. aestivum and M. sativa was significantly inhibited by the aqueous extract at concentration≥ 0. 012 5 g·mL- 1. All the aqueous extract of the roots,stems and leaves inhibited seed germination of T. aestivum and M. sativa,which not only reduced the germination rate of seeds but also prolonged the period of ultimate germination. The allelopathic effect of the aqueous extract was in an order of stem leaf root,and the effect was intensified at higher extract concentration. The results are of the theoretical significance and practical value in conducting biological control of exotic species and developing new biological pesticide.


Purpose- The study aims to investigate the factors influencing students' academic performance. Design/ Methodology/ Approach- This study uses ex post facto research design. An instrument measuring students' academic performance has been used to collect data from the management students. Findings- The study revealed that there is a positive and statistically significant impact of learning facilities, communication skills and proper guidance from parents on student academic performance. Originality Value- The study attempts to identify factors other than traditionally studied. Key Words : Student's perspective, student performance, learning facilities and communication skills. Paper Type – Empirical research paper Subjec t- Management


A method for booting a server (1), comprising the steps of: Access memory unit (S0) of a in a non-rewritable memory (2-1) a in the server (1) (2) used stored boot loader (BL) by a in a non-volatile memory (1-1) of the server (1 ) program stored and upon starting of the server (1) activatable BIOS program; Check, by the boot loader (BL), if a primary memory (1-2) of the server (1) is empty (S1) and, if the primary storage (1-2) is not empty the server (1) whether the data content of the primary storage (1-2) of the server (1) is corrupted (S2); Check, by the boot loader (BL), if a secondary memory (2-2) in the server (1) inserted memory unit (2) is empty (S5) and, if the data contents of primary storage (1-2) of the server (1 ) is not corrupted and the secondary memory (2-2) is not empty, whether the data contents of the secondary memory (2-2) (from the data contents of primary storage 1-2) deviates (S6); and Copy (S7), by the boot loader (BL), the data content of the secondary memory (2-2) in the primary memory (1-2) to boot the server (S8) (1) if the secondary storage (2-2) is not empty is (S3; S5) and the primary memory (1-2) is either empty (S1) has a data content from the data contents of the secondary memory (2-2) deviates (S6), or has a corrupted data content (S2).


Advances in wireless technologies have transformed wireless networks from a pure communication medium to a pervasive sensing platform, enabling many sensorless and contactless applications. After years of effort, wireless sensing approaches centering around conventional signal processing are approaching their limits, and meanwhile, deep learningbased methods become increasingly popular and have seen remarkable progress. In this paper, we explore an unseen opportunity to push the limit of wireless sensing by jointly employing learning-based spectrogram generation and spectrogram learning. To this end, we present SLNet, a new deep wireless sensing architecture with spectrogram analysis and deep learning co-design. SLNet employs neural networks to generate super-resolution spectrogram, which overcomes the limitation of the time-frequency uncertainty. It then utilizes a novel polarized convolutional network that modulates the phase of the spectrograms for learning both local and global features. Experiments with four applications, i.e., gesture recognition, human identification, fall detection, and breathing estimation, show that SLNet achieves the highest accuracy with the smallest model and lowest computation among the state-of-the-art models. We believe the techniques in SLNet can be widely applied to fields beyond WiFi sensing.


There have been various changes such as the emergence of urban living houses, the recognition of Gosiwon and Officetel as residential type, and the relaxation of the system to enable them to function. In recent years, And promote the dissemination of shared housing to get such things. However, this quantitative dissemination is not enough to accommodate the diverse needs of single-person households. In addition, there is still a lack of space planning and configuration for shared space in shared housing to accommodate various demands. Therefore, in this study, the concept of shared space of one - person shared - house is established and the characteristics of space composition of one - person shared - house are studied through examples of shared space. In order to elucidate the spatial composition expression of the main purpose of this study, the progress system of this study is to approach from two aspects of literature study and case study analysis. In this research, we apply the spatial characteristics to the shared space in the shared house, provide basic data to be used in the planning of the shared house, find out the possibility and potential of the shared space, and have great significance for activation. The case of analysis has been analyzed based on the case that it has been completed since 2010, but further study should be carried out due to limitations of the number and scope of cases.


Financial derivative s fair pricing is the central problem of the stock market analysis. However the mean of the price valuation requires the integral of volatility in second degree to be evaluated. The density function of that integral can be defined just in few cases. One of the cases is described in this paper.


This chapter explores four sociological themes relevant to contemporary Africa's prospects for economic growth, democratic consolidation, and political stability. First, it focuses on Africa's demographic landscape, especially the confluence of high mortality from pandemics such as HIV/AIDS with a rapidly growing, young population that is increasingly moving to urban areas. Next, the chapter examines the implications of Africa's immense ethnic diversity, and highlights variations among countries in terms of how they manage this diversity. Then, it discusses the structure of the labor force, the relationship between labor unions and the state, and the growing prominence of informal employment. Patterns, causes, and consequences of socioeconomic inequality in Africa constitute a fourth and final theme. Ethnic diversity represents a much more researched aspect of Africa's demographic landscape. With the emergence of multi-party democracy during the 1990s, the impact of ethnicity on electoral outcomes became a key area of inquiry. Keywords: ethnic diversity; labor force; population dynamics; sub-Saharan Africa


The synthesis and characterization of stable tellurinic anhydride–tellurone adducts are reported. Treatment of aryltellurinic anhydride with diaryl tellurone gave pentacyclotelluroxane consisting of two molecules each of the starting tellurium oxides. The bulky aromatic substituents attached to the tellurium atoms efficiently prevent further aggregation and enable full characterization using multinuclear (1H, 13C, and 125Te) NMR and IR spectroscopy as well as elemental analysis. For (TipTe)4(Tip2Te)2O10 (3TT, Tip = 2,4,6-triisopropylphenyl), the molecular structure was unambiguously determined by an X-ray crystallographic analysis. To estimate the dissociation energies of the tellurinic anhydride–tellurone adducts, density functional theory calculations were performed, and it was found that the adducts are highly stabilized by forming a four di-μ-oxo bridge structure.


Gravitational interactions between a protoplanetary disk and its embedded planet are one of the formation mechanisms of gaps and rings found in recent ALMA observations. To quantify the gap properties measured in not only surface density but also rotational velocity profiles, we run two-dimensional hydrodynamic simulations of protoplanetary disks by varying three parameters: the mass ratio q of a planet to a central star, the ratio of the disk scale height hp to the orbital radius rp of the planet, and the viscosity parameter α. We find that the gap depth δΣ in the gas surface density depends on a single dimensionless parameter as , consistent with the previous results of Kanagawa et al. The gap depth δV in the rotational velocity is given by . The gap width, in both surface density and rotational velocity, has a minimum of about 4.7hp when the planet mass Mp is around the disk thermal mass Mth, while it increases in a power-law fashion as Mp/Mth increases or decreases from unity. This minimum in the gap width arises because spirals from sub-thermal planets have to propagate before they shock the disk gas and open a gap. We compare our relations for the gap depth and width with the previous results, and discuss their applicability to observations.


The application of the aluminium alloys in modern automotive industry has been introduced systemically in this paper.The current research status and future development of the aluminium alloys have also been analyzed from some aspects such as alloying elements,heat treatment and stamping-formed technology.It has been indicated that the aluminium alloys would be one of the perfect materials for the automotive modernization.To counter the problems existing in the research and application of the aluminium alloys in China automotive industry,suggestions and countermeasure are put forward to speed up the development of the aluminium alloys for our automotive industry.


This article tries to give evidences the Schumpeterian innovation theory of business cycles gives us the most satisfactory understanding interrelations between business cycles and economic growth. It is shown that roots of this conceptual approach were created in 1894 by monograph of M.I.Tugan-Baranovsky, who can be recognized as precursor of the Schumpeter's Theory of Economic Development. The article presents historical analysis of the genesis and genetic line of the innovation theory of economic development till the modern Neo-Schumpeterian conceptions of technological paradigms. It lays methodological basis for the conclusion the innovation technological change and the corresponding restructuring of national economy must be recognized as the main measures to overpower the recession and to ensure the economic growth in long-run perspective.


Combined cases of os calsis fracture and compression fracture of vertebra are not uncommon. In fact, eight out of twenty-two cases (36%) of os calsis fractures we have recently treated fall under this category.Recent employment of canvas traction in the treatment of compression fracture of vertebra has also made operative techniques for os calsis fractures easier to apply.However, in view of prognosis, we are faced with a dilemma that the discontinuance of his therapy at an early stage tends to cause re-crushing of recuperating vertebral body, whereas prolonged application may result in atrophy of foot bones, thus lowering working ability.Results of the above eight cases involved, including two incorrect diagnoses, have been:one:goodfour:fairthree:poor.We shall now try to make investigations into the causes of poor results in the hope of contributing somewhat to the treatment of these cases.


The Fe-doped cobaltate oxides, Yo.gCaojCoi-xFex03 (x=0.1-0.7), were prepared and the cathodic properties of the perovskite/YSZ electrodes that were fabricated via silk-printing technique were investigated. It was found that the undoped cobaltate is decomposed to individual binary oxides during the electrode adhesion process (1200C for 6 hrs in air), but the partially Fe-doped cobaltates exhibit a better thermal stability such that their perovskite frameworks were retained during the same treatment. Concerning the cathodic activity, the 30mol% Fe-doped Yo.sCao.2Coo.7Feo.3O3 shows the best activity for oxygen reduction reaction which is superior to Lao.9Sro.iMn03. The oxygen ion conductivity is a function of the oxygen partial pressure and ranges between. 8.7 x IO'6 (Ohm cm) at p(O2)= 1 .6 x l0 '6 bar and 1.3X H T (Ohm c m P at 2 .7 x l(? bar for 700 C . The measured thermal expansion coefficient of this material ( 10.5 x 10 cm/cm K at 2 5 —1000 O was very close to that of 8 mol% YSZ (10.8 x l 0 'e cm/cm K). As a result of interfacial reaction between Yo.sCao.2Coo.7Feo.3Q3 and YSZ electrolyte, a spinel-type C02.1Feo.9O4 was produced. A long-term operation of the cathode indicates that the interfacial product is produced during the electrode adhesion process while its growth rate a t the operation temperature (900—1000 O was negligible.


The objective of image fusion is to combine relevant information from multiple images into single image. The proposed technique fuses the multi-exposure images into a high quality image, avoiding the intermediate step of converting it into high dynamic range image. The acquisition pipeline is simplified by skipping the physically based high dynamic range assembly. The advantage includes avoiding the camera response curve calibration and increased computational efficiency. The technique blends multiple exposures using simple quality measures like saturation and contrast. The blending is done in multi resolution fashion to account for better results. Extending this to multi-focus image stack, the goal is to select only those pixels which are in good focus and thus are sharp. An efficient and low complex approach for fusion of multi focus images in the DCT domain based on variance is proposed. A non-reference objective image fusion metrics based on mutual information is used to for evaluation of fusion performance.


Prothrombin complex concentrate (PCC) is a plasma‐derived concentrate used to replenish clotting factors. There are limited recommendations for treating coagulopathy induced by direct oral anticoagulants (DOAC). Data are limited regarding both total dose and repeated dosing with this population.


Submerged arc welding technology in the production of cylinder piston rod is mainly introduced,the result showed that the use of submerged arc welding technology not only increase the material utilization ratio but also decrease machining procedure,it is a new approach for the production of cylinder piston rod,at the same time,the submerged arc welding process method is also introduced.


This session is based on the vigorous discussions at FIE 2004 using surveys and portfolios for assessment. There will be four brief presentations by researchers currently using chemistry concept inventories at Arizona State, researchers at South Alabama using affective factors and student achievement, researchers at Humboldt State using student attitude surveys and research at nine southeastern universities using surveys and grade point data to assess students leaving engineering. These presentations will be followed by focus group discussion, group reports, and further discussions


On the ground of brief explanation of the scientific basis,scientific method and philosophical thinking of linear science,those of nonlinear science are studied in the paper.Especially the philosophy category and philosophical thinking of nonlinear science is explored in detail.Some new ideas are put forward from a new angle,including observing matter in different dimensions,understanding the chief contradictions through the changing procedure of matters.It is concluded that the evolvement of matter is the unification of competition and cooperation of different ingredients.The conclusion will be helpful to further the research of the philosophical thinking of nonlinear science.


An outline is given for one method of large signal time domain modelling of semiconductor lasers, which preserves photon–electron balance for a wide range of unknown spectral inputs by using a time domain filter in the recombination equation as well as in the field excitation equations. The gain filter has an approximately parabolic gain profile in the frequency domain, and can be implemented at each point of the laser and have its peak gain, frequency of peak gain and gain bandwidth change as the electron density changes. Some preliminary differences are examined using a recombination equation gain filter (REGF) or no REGF for large signal, time domain models of a laser amplifier and a phase shifted DFB.


Disclosed is a number of equally spaced placed electronic devices to provide a method of passive electronic device substrate that is fixed is cleanly separated into independent circuit elements. A method of forming a scribe line (36) having A sharp folding line (44), a substrate similar to the ceramic or ceramic such that a portion of the thickness of the substrate (10) (24) are removed ( It requires directing an ultraviolet laser beam along a 10). Ultraviolet laser beam, a scribe line is formed on a substrate without the substrate melting considerable amount, thereby cleanly defined fold lines to form a high stress concentration region extending in the thickness of the substrate. As a result, in a separate multiple depth cracks in high stress concentration region in response to a breaking force applied to the side of the scribe line to cause rupture of the substrate such that the circuit elements of the substrate thickness to propagate. Formation of this region facilitates very breaking accurate substrate, while maintaining the integrity of the internal structure of each element during the application of the breaking force and after. .FIELD 1


Premise Cryptic species are evolutionarily distinct lineages lacking distinguishing morphological traits. Hidden diversity may be lurking in widespread species whose distributions cross phylogeographic barriers. This study investigates molecular and morphological variation in the widely distributed Caulanthus lasiophyllus (Brassicaceae) in comparison to its closest relatives. Methods Fifty‐two individuals of C. lasiophyllus from across the species' range were sequenced for the nuclear ribosomal internal transcribed spacer region (ITS) and the chloroplast trnL‐F region. A subset of these samples were examined for the chloroplast ndhF gene. All 52 individuals were scored for 13 morphological traits, as well as monthly and annual climate conditions at the collection locality. Morphological and molecular results are compared with the closest relatives—C. anceps and C. flavescens—in the "Guillenia Clade." To test for polyploidy, genome size estimates were made for four populations. Results Caulanthus lasiophyllus consists of two distinct lineages separated by eight ITS differences—eight times more variation than what distinguishes C. anceps and C. flavescens. Fewer variable sites were detected in trnL‐F and ndhF regions, yet these data are consistent with the ITS results. The two lineages of C. lasiophyllus are geographically and climatically distinct; yet morphologically overlapping. Their genome sizes are not consistently different. Conclusions Two cryptic species within C. lasiophyllus are distinguished at the molecular, geographic, and climatic scales. They have similar genome sizes and are morphologically broadly overlapping, but an ephemeral basal leaf character may help distinguish the species.


The highest plant diversity in the tropical rainforest area in Matalawa National Park is the Angiospermae plant. There are still many people in Praingkareha Village who are not familiar with Angiospermae plants or closed seed plants. This study aims to describe the diversity index of Angiosperm plants found in the Laputi Forest block, Matalawa National Park. This research was limited to the Laputi Forest block, so it did not cover the entire forest in Praingkareha Village, Matalawa National Park, East Sumba Regency. This study used a double plot method with a purposive sampling technique. The results showed that there were 30 species of Angiosperms from 17 families with a total of 499 individuals. The diversity of Angiosperm plants in the Laputi Forest block of the Matalawa National Park area is moderate with (Ĥ)=2.90.


There is growing acknowledgement that complex mental health problems are not readily resolved by one-dimensional solutions, such as medication alone. Recent systematic reviews of interventions for youth mental health challenges indicate small-to-moderate effect sizes, especially in contexts that mimic real-world conditions. These effect sizes have not improved substantially over the last 30 years at least. In this commentary, we argue that broader multifaceted youth interventions are required, encompassing biological and psychosocial components, personalized to the needs of the individual in their sociocultural and developmental context. This interventional strategy has been referred to as 'complex'; the Medical Research Council (MRC) in the United Kingdom (UK) has provided a useful framework for the construction, development and delivery of complex interventions. Transition to individualized, multicomponent treatments that are more consistent with the heterogeneity of mental disorders will require a shift in the way that clinical trials are designed, implemented and reported to account for real-world complexity. To date, little attention has been given to how complex interventions intersect with youth mental health initiatives, despite growing concern regarding rates of mental health problems in young people (exacerbated during the COVID-19 pandemic), and substantial investment into models of youth mental health care.


F aid or external economic assistance has come to occupy a prominent position in the development programmes of less developed countries (LDCs). Though foreign aid plays a catalytic role in the economic development of these countries, yet it does not automatically ensure a high rate of economic growth. The objective of this article is to emphasise that aid cannot be an alternative to trade and that the less developed countries will have to expand their exports substantially for achieving an accelerated growth rate in their economies. The impediments thwarting the export efforts of the LDCs are underscored in this context.


Humic substances were isolated during batch aeration studies with activated sludge and a complex waste source, by using concentration and separation techniques that employ reverse osmosis, ultrafitration, and gel permeation chromatography. The study suggests that the formation of high molecular weight humic substances may occur after the removal of the readily available carbon source. The amount of refractory material finally present in the solution will depend on its adsorptive properties toward bacterial cells. The adsorptive characteristics may be determined by the magnitude of the carbohydrate fraction present in the humic substances. If the carbohydrate content decreases, adsorption onto the cells may decrease resulting in an impairment of both the floe formation and settleability of the sludge floes. Decreased adsorption will result in a higher total organic carbon content and an increase in color bearing materials in the effluent.


A new approach to diffractive imaging using polychromatic diffraction data is described. The method is tested using simulated and experimental data and is shown to yield high-quality reconstructions. Diffraction data produced using a high-harmonic generation source are considered explicitly here. The formalism can be readily adapted, however, to any short-wavelength source producing a discrete spectrum and possessing sufficient spatial coherence.


Both medallion‐like dermal dendrocyte hamartoma and fibroblastic connective tissue nevus are rare benign dermal lesions composed of CD34‐positive spindle cells. Although regarded as different diseases, it is sometimes difficult to distinguish between them due to their clinical and pathological similarities. We present a case of medallion‐like dermal dendrocyte hamartoma that could also be diagnosed as fibroblastic connective tissue nevus and propose the possibility of overlap in these diseases.


30°S. In the former area, large flocks of over 200 birds were observed on the water, feeding with flocks of Puffinus bulleri, P. carneipes, P. griseus, Pterodroma cooki, P. pycrofti and Pachyptila spp., while in the latter area off the east coast of Australia, large flocks of between 50 and 100 birds were seen flying westward. P. m. gouldi occasionally followed the running ship flying around and towering high up to 50m and rapidly descending close to the sea surface when the ship was drifting. Its flight pattern is similar to that of Solander's Petrel P. solandri. In the middle of the


The connotative anthroponyms of the publicistic text are investigated. It was revealed the generating basis and the meaning of connotative units; the productive / nonproductive models are defined – explicit and implicit contexts, stating the appearance of a figurative meaning and confirming the transition of an onym into a connotonym. The question of the interaction of a connotonym – context is considered; the influence of the connotonym on the ideological and semantic figurativeness of the text is proved; the prospects for the development of connotonymy are determined. The work uses general philological techniques and methods of onomastic research: systematization and classification of connotative proper names; analysis of connotonyms in a minimal – extended context; contextual analysis of connotonyms; method of interpretation of a publicistic text with a connotonym.


The Canadian pipeline design standard (CSA Z662) requires the repair of smooth dents with depths exceeding 6% of the pipeline's outside diameter. This limit on dent depth is reduced in the presence of additional localized effects such as pipe wall gouges, corrosion, planar flaws or weld seams. It has been noted, however, that pipelines have operated satisfactorily with dents in excess of 10% while others with 3% dents have failed. Based upon observation of this type the question arises, "Is there more to characterizing a dent than its depth?" An ongoing group sponsored project at BMT Fleet Technology Limited (FTL) is exploring the issue of dent characterization using a dent assessment model developed at FTL. The objective of this project is to develop a rapid dent life expectancy characterization technique based upon dent geometry, line pressure history and line pipe material properties. This paper will outline the general characterization approach being considered and demonstrate some of the observed and expected relationships between service life and dent geometry. The relative importance of each dent characteristic (geometric measures, line pipe material and line pressure history) will be discussed to demonstrate the potential of the rapid characterization approach being developed.Copyright © 2002 by ASME


"Tableaux vivants. Rococo Daily Life Scenes Depicted in Graphics of the 18th Century. The Graphic Collections of the National Museum shelters an outstanding series of genre scenes by artists from 18th century, stamps depicting episodes of every day life from the period. The series of engravings presented allows a glimpse, a brief look at the charm of the daily life in the Rococo era, depicting families in moments of intimacy. Beyond the idyllic, pastoral presentations or the pathos, the simplicity and the sentimental scenes are impressive, remembering that the family life was and always remained the center of the daily universe, with its joys and sorrows. Keywords: collection, engraving, 18th century, genre scenes "


We describe a low-cost distributed method for associating web pages with physical objects, thus making the objects act as physical bookmarks to the World Wide Web. By doing this, we can inherit the physical properties of the objects, such as persistency and availability. The system utilizes stickers with pre-printed barcodes -- WebStickers -- to associate URLs with physical objects. Users can return to a desired web page by scanning the barcode attached to an object. The associations are stored in a networked server, making it easy to move and share physical bookmarks between users. Preliminary evaluations show that the system is easy to use, even for novice users.


Drawing on job embeddedness theory, this study investigates how and when the industrial relations climate influences employees' preference for particular labour dispute resolution procedures. Analyses of multisource and multilevel data from China show that organizational embeddedness mediates the relationship between the industrial relations climate and preference for internal dispute resolution (IDR) and this indirect effect is stronger in organizations with a high level of turbulence. These findings provide novel theoretical explanation of the linkage between the industrial relations climate and employees' preference for IDR and highlight the interactions between the industrial relations climate and organizational turbulence. Practical implications are also offered to facilitate employees' preferences for IDR by improving the quality of the industrial relations climate.


In this paper, a new Space-Time Block Coded Spatial Modulation (SM) scheme based on the Golden Code, called the In this paper, we evaluate the symbol error performance of an extended Index Modulation for Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (IM-OFDM), namely repeated index modulation-OFDM with coordinated interleaving (abbreviated as ReCI), over the Nakagami-m fading channel. The ReCI system attains higher error performance than the conventional IM-OFDM with coordinate interleaving (IMOFDM-CI). In order to investigate the system performance over the Nakagami-m fading channel, we derive the closed-form expressions for the symbol error probability (SEP) and the bit error probability (BEP). The analytical results give interesting insights into the dependence of SEP on system parameters. Their tightness is also validated by numerical results, which show that our proposed scheme can provide considerably better error performance than the conventional IM-OFDM and IM-OFDM-CI at the same spectral efficiency.


We examined the ultrasonic extraction of pesticide residues on strawberries with hexane, acetone, methanol and acetonitrile for extractants. The results showed that analytical values of highly lipophilic pesticides such as diethofencarb, chlorfenapyr and pyridalyl by using the ultrasonic extraction were nearly same as those by the notified analytical method for pesticide residues in farm products. In particular, impurities in hexane solution extracted by ultrasonic wave without further purification were less than those in solution purified by the notified analytical method, indicating the simplified operation in purification process.


A breadth of education and other social science literature explores gendered professional identities, practices and spaces across a range of UK educational institutions (e.g. Dillabough et al, 2009, Ioana, 2010, Gallagher, 2013). One key aspect of this has focused on the links between gender, care and early years settings and primary schools. In comparison, much less attention has been given to the role of caring within secondary schools (see Laurent, 2013, Gillies and Robinson, 2013 as important exceptions). Drawing upon research conducted within West London at an in-school Seclusion Unit, this paper seeks to identity the significance of gender in exploring everyday caring practices in schools. In doing so, the paper draws upon a growing Geographies of Education literature to explore how caring is produced and regulated within particular classroom spaces, and how everyday caring practices are inextricably linked to and embedded within broader institutional agendas and processes


The paper deals with numerical solution of the transport diffiision-convection equation based on boundary-domain integral formulation for diflusionconvection fundamental solution. A great attention has been dedicated to the numerical solubility of the diffusion-convection transport equation for high Pe number and source term values, when the convection or generation becomes dominant compared with the diffusion one. In this case the hyperbolic character predominates the ellipticity or parabolicity of the governing transport equation and stability problems arise in numerical solution. Numerical efficiency of the developed numerical implementation is tested against analytical and numerical results for the typical test cases of diffusion-convection transport problems.


BACKGROUND: The efficiency of a modern clinic, including neurosurgery, is traditionally assessed through the prism over a set of indicators. However, a common approach to assessing the effectiveness of medical and preventive institutions and a corresponding set of universal private indicators that allow comparing them with each other are not available.
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the efficacy of a neurosurgical clinic through a quality indicator perspective using the goal attainment scale.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: Eleven key indicators (target categories) were selected for the integral results assessment of the neurosurgical clinic. Calculated indicators were evaluated using a special scale the goal achievement scale developed by Kiresyuk and Sherman.
RESULTS. Based on continuous analysis conducted on the key work parameters in the Neurosurgery Center from 2014 to 2021, the target indicators were weighed and indicators ("0") were formed, relative to which the degree of goal achievement was subsequently assessed (from "+2" to "2"). The level required to achieve the targets was calculated in the web application. The results of the clinic's work in 2021 have significantly improved by some indicators (number of performed operations, postoperative mortality, respiratory and urinary system infections, surgical wound infections (meningitis) per 100 ICU patients with severe complications), while the indicators of surgical activity, bloodstream infections and the number of revisions have deteriorated.
CONCLUSION. Qualitative and quantitative indicators of a modern clinic can be systematically analyzed to assess the effectiveness of its work using a scale for goal achievement. This scale integration into a web application makes it possible to easily and quickly obtain information about the degree of goal achievement in a real-time mode and makes it possible to conduct external benchmarking.


Objective To investigate Human Enterovirus EV71 neutralizing antibody levels and distribution in healthy blood donors in Guangzhou.Methods A total of 100 sera specimens were colleted from Guangzhou Blood Center.The specimens were divided into 4 groups according to the age of the donors,and were tested for EV71 neutralizing antibody levels by using neutralization test.Results About 65% of the samples had anti-EV71 neutralizing activities.The positive rates correlated with the age of the donors.The positive rate for the age group of ≥35 years old was 37.5% and the GMT was 3.225.These numbers are significantly lower than other age groups.Conclusion Plasma from 19—34 year old donors is more appropriate for the complementary therapy of EV71 infection.


The GlcNAc-binding protein A (GbpA) has been known as a virulent factor of Vibrio vulnificus pathogen. Domain 1 of GbpA adhesion takes responsibility of binding both human intestine and the chitinous surface. The domain 1 structure is similar to a polysaccharide monooxygenase (PMO) AA10-type (PMO), which catalyzed oxidation toward the recalcitrant chitin polymer. The role of the VvPMO10 module in catalytic functions has not been fulfilled characterized. To aim of the VvPMO10 study, this protein was cloned to the pET22b system and transformed into the E. coli BL21 (DE3) strain. The recombinant enzyme was expressed at 37 0C with IPTG induced. Total protein was checked by SDS-PAGE method and stained using Coomassie blue solution. The target band showed a band of 20 kDa as expectation. Thus, the heterologous protein was expressed successfully in E. coli BL21 (DE3) strain and becomes the materials for future study.


This paper gives very significant analytical and numerical results to the magnetohydrodynamic flow version of the classical Rayleigh problem including Hall effect and Rotation. An exact solution of the MHD flow of incompressible, electrically conducting, viscous fluid past a uniformly accelerated and insulated infinite plate has been presented. Numerical values for the effects of the Hall parameter , N Hartmann number M and the Rotation parameter 2 K (i.e.,) the reciprocal of Ekman number on the velocity components u and v are tabulated and their profiles are shown graphically. The numerical results show that the velocity components u and v decreases with the increase of both M and , 2 K whereas the velocity component u decreases for fixed values of y and M for different values of N and t along with the increase of 2 K but v gets unstable.


InSb microcrystal doped with Cr, Al or Sn, which were radiation-resistant and were applied as magnetic microsensors in Satellites. The magnetic field sensitivity, ! , as a function of temperature was determined for both Bi and Te doped InSb microcrystals. Tellurium doping of InSb microcrystals at 3 x10 17 cm leads to increase of the magnetic field sensitivity, ! , to ≈ 1.1 V/AT, but it decreases to ≈ 0.45 V/AT at 450K. On the other hand doping with Bi at 1 x 10 cm gives ! ≈ 1 V/AT. The charge carriers mobility of the investigated microcrystals varies from about 2.11m/V.s to 3.4 m/V.s, for Te doped samples and from 3.2 m/V.s to 4.3 m/V.s for Bi doped samples at room temperature. The electrical resistivity variation with temperature was also studied.


The high performance sintered vane was fabricated by using AB mixed fine and course powders of a high alloy steel and Mχ, Mω and AE pre-alloyed coarse powders of a high speed steel. The compaction and sintering charactristics, the mechanical properties and the productivity of the fabricated vane were investigated in this study. Mω powder showed the best compaction charactgeristics and productivity. It was also found that the wear loss vane of Mω sintered compact was measured to be 0.032㎟ which was superior to that of domestic and foreign products.


We recall several categories of graphs which are useful for describing homotopy-coherent versions of generalised operads (e.g. cyclic operads, modular operads, properads, and so on), and give new, uniform definitions for their morphisms. This allows for straightforward comparisons, and we use this to show that certain free-forgetful adjunctions between categories of generalised operads can be realised at the level of presheaves. This includes adjunctions between operads and cyclic operads, between dioperads and augmented cyclic operads, and between wheeled properads and modular operads.


This article embarked from the network collaborative teaching theory and the CSCW technology, described the network collaborative teaching rationale, the CSCW concept, the function and the collaborative way; And acts according to the network teaching the characteristic, elaborates in based on in the computer network open teaching, cooperates using the computer network to work fully the (CSCW) principle, the development network collaborative teaching activity, the improvement network collaborative teaching way, promotes the network teaching full scale development.


Sodium fluoride induces changes in the heme dl com- ponents of both the frozen solution EPR and room temperature optical absorption spectra of oxidized Pseudomolurs cytochrome oxidase. The EPR reso- nances of the heme dl (iron-chlorin) moiety(ies) appear to undergo a rhombic to axial transition ( g = (2.52, 2.42, 1.73) 4 (2.54,2.54, 1.61)) with increasing concentrations of fluoride (0 3 0.1 M, pH 7.0) while the g values remain within the range usually attributed to low spin iron-porphyrin complexes (3.75 > g > 0.5). The axial spectrum which results is apparently low spin and suggests a degeneracy of two of the three iron d orbitals (d%, dyz, dw). The optical difference spectrum induced by sodium fluoride exhibits pronounced features at 475 and 646 nm which correspond to positions of heme dl optical absorption bands. The spectral alterations in- duced by fluoride are not due to a dimer 4 monomer transformation since gel chromatography of the oxidase in the absence and presence of sodium fluoride (0.1 M, pH 7.0) gives the same molecular weight. The heme c resonances of the oxidase are not altered substantially by the addition of sodium fluoride, and the axial ligation of the heme c moiety(ies) of the unperturbed oxidase is investigated using the observed g values. The interaction of oxidized Pseudomonas cytochrome oxidase with potassium cyanide causes distinct changes in both the heme dl and heme c components of the frozen solution EPR spectrum in which the former appears to retain its rhombic shape.


Not all patients with acute coronary thrombosis or inadequacy develop classic myocardial infarction. Almost 30 per cent of such patients were found to have atypical and apparently less extensive myocardial injury as estimated by the clinical and electrocardiographic findings. The morbidity as well as the mortality was of a lesser order and a somewhat different therapeutic regimen could be employed.


Anemia in pregnancy is a major health problem in developing countries with high morbidity rates in pregnant women. The pregnancy rate due to anemia in Asia is estimated at 72.6%. The high prevalence of anemia in pregnant women is a problem currently facing the Indonesian government. Anemia often occurs due to a lack of iron content in food, very low absorption of iron from food, the presence of substances that inhibit iron absorption. Iron anemia in pregnancy is a condition in which the mother with an Hb level below 11 grams / dL in the first and third trimesters and an Hb level less than 10.5 grams / dL in the second trimester of pregnancy. This study aims to determine the effect of red spinach stew on increasing hemoglobin levels in pregnant women in the Losung village, Padangsidimpuan Selatan district. The research method is Quasi Experiment with research design One group pre test post test design. Samples were taken using total sampling. The number of samples was 20 pregnant women. Data analysis using Paired T Test. The results showed P = 0.000 (P <0.05). The conclusion is the effect of red spinach decoction on increasing hemoglobin levels in pregnant women. It is hoped that pregnant women who experience anemia or low Hb during their pregnancy are advised to consume red spinach stew. Key: Red spinach stew, Hemoglobin levels for pregnant women and maintaining dietary nutrition are highly recommended for foods containing iron.


Macrophages are critical components of the innate immune response in the liver. Chronic hepatitis C is associated with immune infiltration and the infected liver shows a significant increase in total macrophage numbers; however, their role in the viral life cycle is poorly understood. Activation of blood‐derived and intrahepatic macrophages with a panel of Toll‐like receptor agonists induce soluble mediators that promote hepatitis C virus (HCV) entry into polarized hepatoma cells. We identified tumor necrosis factor α (TNF‐α) as the major cytokine involved in this process. Importantly, this effect was not limited to HCV; TNF‐α increased the permissivity of hepatoma cells to infection by Lassa, measles and vesicular stomatitis pseudoviruses. TNF‐α induced a relocalization of tight junction protein occludin and increased the lateral diffusion speed of HCV receptor tetraspanin CD81 in polarized HepG2 cells, providing a mechanism for their increased permissivity to support HCV entry. High concentrations of HCV particles could stimulate macrophages to express TNF‐α, providing a direct mechanism for the virus to promote infection. Conclusion: This study shows a new role for TNF‐α to increase virus entry and highlights the potential for HCV to exploit existing innate immune responses in the liver to promote de novo infection events. (Hepatology 2014;59:1320‐1330)


Disparities in epilepsy treatment are not uncommon; therefore, we examined population‐based estimates of initial antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) in new‐onset epilepsy among racial/ethnic minority groups of older US Medicare beneficiaries.


The utility model discloses a laser selective melting forming device. The laser selective melting forming device comprises a control system, one or more laser devices, a light guide system and stations, wherein each laser device corresponds to at least two stations. The control system is used for controlling movement of assemblies in all stations and the output state of lasers of the laser devices. Each station comprises a laser forming module, a scanning system and an auxiliary device, wherein the scanning system and the auxiliary device correspond to the laser forming module, the laser forming module serves as a forming cavity in an SLM device, the scanning system is composed of at least one galvanometer system, and the auxiliary device is used for achieving preheating and/or gas purification and circulation required by SLM forming. Lasers emitted by each laser device arrive at the scanning systems of the corresponding stations after passing through the light guide system, laser melting is then conducted on powder through the corresponding laser forming modules, all the stations alternately conduct powder sending, powder laying, scanning and lifting, and therefore unceasing work of the laser devices is achieved, the lasers can be efficiently utilized, and the manufacturing cost of forming parts is reduced.


The magneto-optical response of a Faraday-active Fabry–Pérot etalon with birefringent mirrors is studied by means of electrodynamic simulations using the finite-element and the scattering-matrix methods. The specific structure under consideration consists of a magnetic garnet film sandwiched between two metallic layers, patterned with periodically spaced parallel grooves on their outer sides. Our results are analyzed by reference to the properties of the individual structural components and a consistent interpretation of the different spectral features observed is provided. It is shown that, by properly adjusting the geometrical parameters involved, strong Faraday rotation enhancement can be obtained through constructive synergy between the Fabry–Pérot resonant mode of the magneto-optical nanocavity and the slot plasmon mode localized in the grooves.


Smaller seed size in fababeans (Vicia faba L.) would make seeding easier and more economical. However, the seed coat contains 89% of the seed crude fiber and it is imperative that any reduction in seed size be accompanied by at least a corresponding reduction in the seed coat contribution. Therefore, this study was initiated to evaluate the factors affecting variation in seed coat thickness in fababeans. Analysis of seven varieties of fababeans grown at three locations in Saskatchewan in 1973 revealed significant differences in seed coat thickness due to cultivars, locations, replicates within locations, and seeds within cultivars times replicates within locations. Variance components from this analysis were utilized to estimate the numbers of locations, field replicates, seeds, and measurements per seed coat required for detection of specified differences in seed coat thickness. These estimates indicated that the largest number of measurements were required within seed coats and among seeds within cultivars. The position of the seed on the plant had no effect on seed coat thickness. Seed weight and seed coat thickness were not correlated within varieties but were highly correlated among varieties (r = 0.70). Additional index words: Seed size, Seed weight, Horsebeans. F (Vicia faba L.) are an ancient crop species which originated in the Near East (Cubero, 1974). They are presently grown mainly in Europe, North Africa, the Middle East, and China and are utilized as both a livestock feed and a human food in these countries. Fababeans were introduced commercially into Western Canada in 1972. In this area, the seed has been considered to have potential in livestock feeds because of a high protein content (25 to 30%). Fababeans have been criticized by industry and potential importers for having a tough seed coat which causes difficulty in grinding and is responsible for the seeds' high fiber content. The seed coat accounts for 13 to 17% of the seed dry weight, most of the seed crude fiber (89%), but little of the seed protein (2 to 4%) (Cerning et al., 1975; Evans et al., 1972). This compares to soybeans (Glycine max L.) and peas (Pisum sativum L.) in which the seed coat comprises 8.8 and 8.2% of the seed dry weight, respectively (Wolf and Cowan, 1971; Youngs, personal communication, 1975). Chaudhary and Buth (1970) examined the seed 1 Crop Development Centre, Univ. of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, S7N OWO, Canada. Received 9 Mar. 1976. -' Professional research associates. coats of 14 Indian pulses and found that V. faba had the largest palisade and hourglass cells. These cells are primarily responsible for the thickness of the seed coat. A wide range in variation in thickness of hourgass cells of fababeans has been observed by McEwen et al. (1974). This variation in cell size and the known differences in seed coat thickness of various pulses indicate the possible presence of variation in seed coat thickness in fababeans. The large seed size of commercial fababean cultivars and the resulting high seeding rates required to obtain an optimum stand result in a high seed cost to the producer. It would therefore be desirable to have a smaller-seeded fababean. However, because of the large influence of the seed coat on seed composition, it is imperative that any reduction in seed size be accompanied by at least a corresponding reduction in seed coat contribution. Consequently, this study was initiated to investigate several factors which could influence the success of selection for thinner seed coats in fababeans. The primary objectives were to develop sampling techniques and to determine the optimum number of measurements required to detect small differences in seed coat thickness. A secondary objective was to determine the relationship between seed coat thickness and seed weight. MATERIALS AND METHODS Determination of Seed Coat Thickness. Seeds were dried at 80 C for 14 hours after which the seed coat was removed. Seed coat thickness was then measured with a micrometer. Ten measurements were made on each seed coat and recorded to the nearest 0.001 mm. Care was taken not to make these measurements near the hilum or lens area of the seed where the seed coat has additional layers of cells. Number of Measurements. Twenty seeds were taken at random from each plot of three fababean yield trials grown at Saskatoon, Bellevue, and Nipawin, Saskatchewan in 1973. Each triarwas seeded as a randomized complete block with four replications. The seven fababean varieties in these yield trials were selected because of their wide range of yield, seed size, and protein content. The varieties 'Klien Thuringer', 'Maris Bead', 'Maxime', 'Ostlers', 'Ringot', and 'Wieselburger', are from the smaller seeded V. faba minor subspecies while 'Wierboon' is from the large seeded V. faba major subspecies. Analysis of variance was computed on seed coat thickness data from these trials (Table 1). The following variance components were then estimated. (r'tc.Hcrxi) component arising due to variability in measurements of single seed coats. "•.(cDd> component arising due to differences among seeds within cultivars times replicates within locations. Published January, 1977


Most event detection methods act at the sentence-level and focus on identifying sentences related to a particular event. However, identifying certain parts of a sentence that act as event triggers is also important and more challenging, especially when dealing with limited training data. Previous event detection attempts have considered these two tasks separately and have developed different methods. We hypothesise that similar to humans, successful sentence-level event detection models rely on event triggers to predict sentence-level labels. By exploring feature attribution methods that assign relevance scores to the inputs to explain model predictions, we study the behaviour of state-of-the-art sentence-level event detection models and show that explanations (i.e. rationales) extracted from these models can indeed be used to detect event triggers. We, therefore, (i) introduce a novel weakly-supervised method for event trigger detection; and (ii) propose to use event triggers as an explainable measure in sentence-level event detection. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first explainable machine learning approach to event trigger identification.


The motor neurons that retract the tongue are labeled green, and those that protrude the tongue are labeled red in this image of the brainstem from a newborn mouse. The activity of these two populations of motor neurons is not coordinated properly in mice with the same mutation that causes human DiGeorge syndrome, according to scientists with the Fralin Biomedical Research Institute and George Washington University. This lack of coordination likely underlies suckling, feeding


PURPOSEThis clinical trial evaluated a bladder-sparing strategy using a combined modality approach of neoadjuvant methotrexate, vinblastine, doxorubicin, and cisplatin (M-VAC) chemotherapy followed by a partial cystectomy for patients with invasive (T2-4N0M0) bladder cancer.PATIENTS AND METHODSOne hundred eleven surgical candidates received a median of four cycles of neoadjuvant M-VAC. Following treatment, of those with a favorable response to chemotherapy based on cystoscopic examination, 26 underwent a partial cystectomy.RESULTSOf 26 patients, 17 (65%) are alive beyond 5 years (median, 6.9 years; range, 4 to 8), including 14 (54%) with an intact, functioning bladder. Twelve patients (46%) developed bladder recurrences, which were invasive in five (18%) and superficial in seven (26%). Patients with no (P0) or noninvasive (Pis) tumor in their surgical specimens had a 5-year survival rate of 87% (14 of 16), compared with 30% (three of 10) among patients with residual invasive cancer. The majority of deaths...


FIELD: chemistry. SUBSTANCE: invention relates to a method of producing carbamide from ammonia and carbon dioxide at high temperature and pressure, molar ratio NH 3 :CO 2 =(3.4-3.7):1. The method is carried out in a carbamide synthesis reactor from which gases and a carbamide synthesis liquid melt are separately output, followed by separation of excess ammonia from the carbamide synthesis melt at pressure of 9-12 MPa, two-step distillation of the melt, condensation of distillation gases to form recyclable ammonium carbonate solutions. Distillation at the first step is carried out at pressure of 9-12 MPa in a current of carbon dioxide. After distillation, the melt is fed into the second distillation step, which is carried out at low pressure. Gases from the first distillation step are condensed in two successive areas at pressure of the first distillation step into which gases output from the synthesis reactor and excess ammonia from the separation step are also fed. In the first area, condensation is carried out while feeding a portion of the ammonium carbonate solution obtained from condensation of gases from the second distillation step, and the condensed vapour is cooled by a condensate which boils at excess pressure to obtain vapour. In the second condensation area of distillation gases from the first step, the condensed vapour is cooled by recycled water and uncondensed gases at the same pressure are washed by the other portion of the ammonium carbonate solution obtained during condensation of distillation gases from the second step. The formed ammonium carbonate solution is fed into the second condensation area and the ammonium carbonate solution coming out of the second condensation area is fed into the reactor. Distillation at the first step is carried out in a current of carbon dioxide which is used in amount of 35-40% of the total amount thereof fed into the process; 75-85% of gases separated at the separation step are fed into the first condensation area for distillation gases from the first step, and the remaining amount of gases separated at the separation step, along with gases output from the synthesis reactor, is fed into the second condensation area for distillation gases from the first step. EFFECT: producing vapour with parameters which enable use thereof in the next steps of the carbamide synthesis process in the first condensation area of gases from the first distillation step. 1 dwg, 1 tbl, 2 ex


The development of Semantic Web includes not only new technologies like web service, search engines, ontologies but also different worlds like librarianship and other disciplines that for hundred of years have been working with knowledge organization (KOS). This thesis focuses the attention on this type of tools: the rapid growth of means and digital contents on the Web has increased the needs to organize the immense size of information. Tools for knowledge organization like thesauri, taxonomies, concept schemas are fundamental for the birth and the development of the Semantic Web. In this thesis it comes taken in consideration and analyzed one emergent technology candidate to become soon standard recommended from the W3C: SKOS. The standards are taken in consideration that discipline the construction of thesauri, existing technologies are analyzed and some simple examples are modeled. Moreover other alternative instruments are analyzed for the knowledge organisation system, and some real applications based on the SKOS framework are introduced. Supervisor of the degree thesis: Prof. Renzo Orsini.


@3_DLeadership won't that power imbalance always exist in a school by it's nature and the systems we set up? Can we work with our students


Abstract A unified numerical technique for computing single-point, regional, and total blow-up solutions of quasilinear heat transfer equations in the radial symmetric case is proposed and realized. It is based on the lumped-mass finite-element method in space, with interpolation of the nonlinear coefficients and explicit methods for solving the system of ordinary differential equations. A special mesh adaptation, consistent with the structure of the known self-similar solution, is realized for the cases of single point and total blow-up. This gives a possibility to calculate the solution close to the blow-up time and so to analyze its asymptotic behavior.


Introduction and Case Presentation - A 4 yrs old female with sickle cell disease (SCD) and intermittent asthma presented with polyarthralgia predominantly involving bilateral hip and knee joints and became non-ambulatory over a course of 2 months. She developed chronic facial swelling, and a pruritic erythematous rash involving face, extensor surface of the hand and the right knee with significant weight loss. Physical examination was significant for heliotropic rash on the eyelids, Also present were Gottron's papules and macules on both hands and right knee along with right leg tenderness, muscle weakness, wasting and decreased range of motion at bilateral hip joints along with inguinal lymphadenopathy. Investigations were significant for severe anemia with hyperactive bone marrow, metabolic acidosis, normonatremic dehydration with absence of any evidence of an ongoing infectious process. Her Anti Nucleic acid antibody (ANA) panel, Aldolase, Rheumatoid factor and Angiotensin-1-Converting Enzyme levels were unremarkable. Creatine kinase levels were near normal. Her Neopterin and LDH levels were significantly elevated. Imaging with MRI scan with multiplanar multisequence of bilateral lower extremities and Pelvis showed significant diffuse myositis and soft tissue swelling. The diagnostic criterion for Juvenile Dermatomyositis include: (1) the typical pathognomonic rashes, (2) elevated muscle enzymes, (3) symmetric proximal muscle weakness and neck flexors, (4) muscle biopsy characteristic of juvenile dermatomyositis, and (5) EMG findings characteristic of juvenile dermatomyositis. Having ruled out an infectious process a muscle biopsy was performed, which also was subjected to Electron Microscopic (EM) analysis as the patient did not have extremely high muscle enzymes, necessitating a muscle biopsy . Hematoxylin & eosin stained sections were compatible with inflammatory myopathy. Ultrastructural examination demonstrated myofiber size variability, frequent rounded atrophic fibers with myofibrillar disarray, internalized nuclei, and increased interstitial collagen deposition. Endomysial capillaries were decreased in number, but showed reactive endothelial changes. Some showed prominent endothelial tubuloreticular inclusions (Figure),characteristic of JD. In summary, absence of serologic and tissue evidence of any other inflammatory myopathy, offending pharmacotherapy, infectious disease and presence of imaging and tissue evidence (vascular injury and tubuloreticular inclusions) comprised the work up of a child with SCD with Dermatomyositis.
 Management- Prompt treatment with prednisone (2 mg/kg/day), methotrexate (10 mg) weekly and monthly IVIG (2gm/kg/dose) infusions was started, once diagnosis was confirmed showing a dramatic clinical response. Prednisone was slowly tapered after 1 month of treatment. She showed gradual improvement in her symptoms, the strength in proximal muscle in both upper and lower limbs improved eventually to a point where the contractures in the elbows and knees improved and she started ambulating without support. Patient's Hydroxyurea was restarted at a low dose of 15mg/kg/day and increased to 20 mg/kg/day slowly, as her systemic symptoms of Dermatomyositis subsided.
 Discussion- Working up a child with SCD who presents with sudden onset non weight bearing can be complicated. Vaso-occlusive bony pain crisis , Osteomyelitis , septic arthritis are common clinical scenarios, but an underlying rheumatologic illness in pediatric SCD patient mimicking a sickle cell pain crisis presents a unique diagnostic challenge one which, albeit has been reported in literature, but rarely includes electron microscopic ultrastructural examination as part of evidence and work up. This patient's relatively mild muscle enzyme elevation and Hydroxyurea therapy made the initial diagnosis more challenging. We present the first pediatric SCD patient with clinically and pathologically proven case of Dermatomyositis with EM evidence, highlighting a unique clinical scenario ,diagnostic challenges and management strategies.
 Figure 1 Figure 1.

 Jain: Octapharma: Consultancy; CSL Behring: Consultancy, Speakers Bureau; GBT: Consultancy; Blue Bird Bio: Consultancy; Takeda: Consultancy, Speakers Bureau.


The approximate coincidence of the optically excitable area with the area striata as defined histologically may be inferred from the work of Kornmuller 1 on the Berger rhythm, and of Bartley and Bishop 2 on responses to stimulation of the optic nerve. We have here examined the limits of optic cortex histologically and physiologically in the same animals. The physiological technique has been described (Bartley and Bishop 2 )., Ten animals were used. In 5 the indifferent electrode was fastened to bone adjoining the exposed cortex; in 5, it was plunged through the cortex to the subjacent white matter. In the animals of both series the local recording electrode was moved across the margins of the optic area, recording consecutively from series of points. Identifying stabs served to locate recorded points in 20 micron frontal sections cut serially from the cortex studied. The serial sections from each brain were used to reconstruct the histo-logical boundaries of the area striata at 10 diameters (Fig. 1A). Upon these reconstructions were entered the physiological data. The lateral border of the area striata, determined by the histolog-ical criteria of Rose, 3 coincided closely with the functionally defined limit of the optically active area. In our histological preparations a transition zone of 1 to 2 mm. width occurred between the area striata and the neighboring area occipetalis which we could not assign exclusively to either field., The stabs which identified recorded points of minimal response on the lateral margin fell within the his-tological transition zone. The medial border of the histologically defined area was significantly overlapped by the optically active area in each of the 10 animals used in the experiments. Records taken from serial points on frontal planes between the anatomical center of the area striata and the midline (Fig. IB) demonstrated that the medial margin of the optically active area fell within the transition zone, about 2 mm. wide, between the areas parastriata and retrosplenialis (Figs. 1A and 1C). The area parastriata in the rabbit, which underlies a shallow parasagittal fissure, is, therefore, a part of the optic projection area; and from this and other evidence we conclude that it represents no more than a fissural adaptation of the histological pattern of the area striata. The anterior histological border coincides approximately with the limit of the optically active cortex in this direction. The posterior margin determined histologically or physiologically falls at the posterior pole of the hemisphere. Due to the rapid curving of the cortex at this point and the consequent disarrangement of the layer pattern in frontal sections, the correlation of histological and elecitrophysiological data was less reliable than on the other borders. With the complication noted at the medial border, the coincidence between the previously defined architectonic area striata and the field of optically induced cortical response is satisfactory. This appears to justify utilizing the electro-physiological method in defining the boundaries of other projection areas from which induced responses can be recorded following stimulation of the appropriate sensory nerves.


The object of this paper is to illustrate the high-lift research programme at the RAE. It is not intended to be a complete survey of all aspects of this programme, but rather to highlight areas which will stimulate discussion of the programme. Again, it was not intended to consider only completed research work, but rather to illustrate the problems that are being investigated, and the ways in which solutions to these problems are being sought.


Gender and Conflict in African Women's Writing: A Comparative Study of Feminist Themes in a Selection of Narratives in English and French by Women Writers from sub-Saharan Africa This is a study of both anglophone and francophone African women's writing. It focuses on numerous novels, many of which are relatively unknown and most of which were published in the last twenty years, half of these in the last ten. In considering these works I use a conceptual framework built around issues of gender and conflict. A close textual reading of the novels covers four main thematic areas contained within four chapters. Chapter 1 concerns texts which represent w o m e n in conflict with their careers, their marriage and their status as mothers. Chapter 2 addresses the representation of the mother/daughter relationship, particularly in relation to issues of education and the absent mother. Chapter 3 details the literary exposition of excision and explores the implication of the mother's role in this practice. Finally, in Chapter 4 the father/daughter relationship is discussed against a background of patriarchy and incest. Implicated in all these thematic investigations are issues of power. Although much of the exposition of the novels concerns personal relationships, nevertheless the authors do not omit the political dimension. The c o m m o n themes addressed by the w o m e n writers studied are further illustrated in their development of these into motifs, their treatment of which sometimes subverts their male counterparts' approach. M a n y of the key issues developed by the writers studied are of a taboo nature and distancing strategies are used by them in order to conform to pressures regarding the appropriateness of their disclosures, which often results in contrived resolutions. At the same time, market demands render such "forbidden" topics attractive to the writers. This thesis also considers whether these texts can be deemed feminist, and what this entails in a specifically African context.


Humor Scale and the Adaption Scale of China University Students were used to investigate 320 freshmen in this study. The aim was to explore the status quo and characteristics of university freshmen in a sense of humor and adaptability, and the relationship between those of them. The results showed that: (1) with respect to the sense of humor, the girls' score was significantly higher than boys' in the tendency of laugh dimensions; the score of the urban freshmen was significantly higher than that of the rural freshmen in humor understand dimension; the score of the one-child fresh-men was higher than that of the non-one-child freshmen in social and humor understand dimensions and the total average; (2) with respect to the adaptability, the score of urban freshmen was significantly higher than that of rural freshmen in interpersonal adaptation, campus adaptation, career choice adaptation and satisfaction dimensions, as well as the total scores of adaptability; and the score of the one-child freshmen was significantly higher than the that of the non-child freshmen in interpersonal adaptation, campus adaptation, career choice adaptation and satisfaction emotional adjustment adaptation dimensions and the total score; girls' score was significantly higher than boys' in career adaptation; the liberal arts students' score was significantly higher than science students' in career choose adaptation; (3) according to the correlation analysis, there was a significant positive correlation between the sense of humor and adaptation, and a sense of humor is a positive predictor for adaptability.


̶ Over more than one century since 1894, cymothoid isopods attached by the diclidophorid monogenean Choricotyle elongata (Goto, 1894) in the mouth cavity of Japanese sparids have not been exactly identified. This note reports that those isopods are identifiable as Ceratothoa verrucosa (Schioedte & Meinert, 1883) based on material of the species attached by Ch. elongata in the mouth cavity of a red seabream, Pagrus major (Temminck & Schlegel, 1843), from the Seto Inland Sea.


This paper examines the least squares estimator of the autoregressive coefficient in a first-order sta¬tionary autoregressive model. Exact lower-order moments are computed by numerical integrations. From the study of moment values, it is found that the exact distribution of the least squares estimator may be well approximated by a beta distribution.


Vaccinations can prevent the propagation of infectious diseases very effectively. In this paper, we consider the effects of vaccines on the spread of infectious diseases, compute the analytical expressions of the disease-free equilibrium point and the basic reproduction number, and analyze the local asymptotic stability conditions of the disease-free equilibrium point using the Hurwitz criterion. Numerical simulations are used to examine the stability of the endemic equilibrium point. We chose the vaccination rate as a control variable, and we estimated the optimal control problem with an inequality constraint. We used the symplectic pseudospectral method to solve optimal control problems. The results indicate that increasing vaccination rate can stop the spread of infectious diseases.


Provided is a planar transparent piezoelectric speaker in which electrode patterns have been made less visible. The piezoelectric speaker (10) is constructed by arranging a first piezoelectric speaker (201) and a second piezoelectric speaker (202) on the opposite principal surfaces of a flat-plate-shaped base member (100). The first piezoelectric speaker (201) includes a piezoelectric polymer sheet (210) having high light transmittance, and substantially transparent electrode patterns (211, 212) that have substantially the same shape and that are formed on the opposite surfaces of the polymer sheet (210). The electrode patterns (211, 212) are divided into a plurality of principal electrodes (E 11A , E 11B , E 12A , E 12B , E 21A , E 21B , E 22A , E 22B ) by dividing lines which are non-electrode-forming sections. An insulating resin (I 11 , I 12 , I 21 , I 22 ) having substantially the same translucency as the principal electrodes is provided in the non-electrode-forming sections.


Heinrihs Strods has shown that Latvia's national partisans were defeated primarily because of the overwhelming military odds they faced, but he added a secondary cause–the lack of unity in their ranks. This article explores the causes of such disunity and suggests that Björn Felder is right to see a blurring of ideological divisions as the Second World War came to an end; however, even at the height of summer 1945 there were some signs of tension, and as the likelihood of foreign intervention waned, fundamental tactical disagreements developed, disagreements which reflected different political pasts and differing visions of Latvia's future.


The invention relates to the field of electrical engineering and is designed for installation in electrical (electronic) AC and DC circuits, mainly in isolated local area network connections. Swivel multilevel switch for connecting and disconnecting the electronic apparatus comprises a housing with a lid placed in a shielding EMI shell set fixed relative to the housing of the contact elements having terminal findings and movable contact elements interacting with cams arranged on a shaft rotatable handle mounted on the wire shaft connecting the terminal with the conclusions of the input connectors of electronic devices; wherein the EMI shielding shell made of a rigid conductive material and has a technological geometric shape with front and rear walls; shaft is made from a dielectric material, the housing cover is made of electrically conductive material in the form of a sleeve with flanges covering part of the shaft having a length selected from the relation: . where L - length of the sleeve, d PF 5, 4 Fig.


Language teachers are the main language input sources forthe students in rural areas. Whether they are well-qualified ornot matters a lot for English teaching. Besides discussing Englishteachers' qualities, the writer of this article generallyinvestigates English teachers' professional qualities in a ruralcounty through a questionnaire in which 20 questions on experts'advice were designed for the teachers. Altogether 65 Englishteachers, comprising 64% of the whole, distributed in varioustypes of schools took part. The final figures revealed problemssuch as narrow adoption of modern teaching media, thedominating grammar-translation method, the lack of necessay knowledge of English culture and linguistic theory, etc.


We present shared memory parallel algorithms for maximal biclique enumeration (MBE), the task of enumerating all complete dense subgraphs (maximal bicliques) from a bipartite graph, which is widely used in the analysis of social, biological, and transactional networks. Since MBE is computationally expensive, it is necessary to use parallel computing to scale to large graphs. Our parallel algorithm ParMBE efficiently uses the power of multiple cores that share memory. From a theoretical view, ParMBE is work-efficient with respect to a state-of-the-art sequential algorithm. Our experimental evaluation shows that ParMBE scales well up to 64 cores, and is significantly faster than current parallel algorithms. Since ParMBE was yielding a super-linear speedup compared to the sequential algorithm on which it was based (MineLMBC), we develop an improved sequential algorithm FMBE, through "sequentializing" ParMBE


Swallow and breathing are both fundamental functions for mammals. Anatomically, breathing and swallow share a common passageway, the pharynx. To coordinate with swallow and prevent aspiration, inspiration is inhibited, while expiration is prolonged. The swallow central pattern generator (sCPG) and the rCPG share common neural components. We hypothesize that the respiratory neuronal network in the VRC, has neurons that will be retasked during swallow to participate in production of the swallow breathing pattern. We stimulated the superior laryngeal nerve (SLN) of paralyzed, decerebrated, ventilated cats to elicit swallow. Extracellular neuronal activity was recorded with microelectrode arrays during fictive swallow and breathing. SLN elicited fictive swallow inhibited phrenic nerve activity and remodeled activity of expiratory neurons (E neurons) in the VRC. During fictive swallows, the activity of a subpopulation of expiratory decrementing (E‐Dec) neurons was suppressed, and a subpopulation of E‐Dec neurons was facilitated. Similar responses have been seen in different subgroups of expiratory augmenting (E‐Aug) neurons during fictive swallows. These results suggest that the VRC E neurons underwent reconfiguration to generate a coordinated swallow breathing pattern. The various response categories suggest that the E neurons located in the VRC are functionally heterogenous.


In this paper, a voltage PWM control strategy for reducing acoustic vibration and noise in Switched Reluctance Motor (SRM) is proposed and investigated. At low speed, a sudden change of voltage control causes a sudden change in the attraction force resulting in vibration of SRM. The proposed technique is a five-stage voltage Pulse-Width Modulation (PWM) control method that reduces the rate of change of voltage during the current commutation period. The comparative simulation results show a significant reduction in vibration, while effectively maintain the other control objectives in desired speed and desired phase currents with slight increase of copper losses by 1.16%.


Emotion's definition, identification, systematic induction and efficient and reliable classification have been themes to which several complementary knowledge areas such as psychology, medicine and computer science have been dedicating serious investments. This project consists in developing an automatic tool for emotion assessment based on a dynamic biometric data acquisition set as galvanic skin response and electroencephalography arc practical examples. The output of standard emotional induction methods is the support for classification based on data analysis and processing. The conducted experimental sessions, alongside with the developed support tools, allowed the extraction on conclusions such as the capability of effectively performing automatic classification of the subject's predominant emotional state. Self assessment interviews validated the developed tool's success rate of approximately 75%. It was also experimentally strongly suggested that female subjects are emotionally more active and easily induced than mates.


Summary form only given. This paper discusses the characteristics of ubiquitous services, their technical issues and research directions for the future.


A new species of ovulid gastropod is described from Bali as Pedicularia vanderlandi spec. nov. It was predominantly found in shallow water on the stylasterid hydrocoral Distichopora vervoorti Cairns & Hoeksema, 1998. The snails are compared with type specimens of congeneric taxa and with material of Pedicularia pacifica Pease, 1865, which was found in shallow water on an unidentified Stylaster. Various notes on Indo Pacific Pedicularia species are given in an annotated, preliminary check-list. Finally, the host relationships of Pedicularia are discussed in general.


Library big data service supports scientific decision making based on data by linking library data (users, books, book lending) collected by 849 public libraries and small libraries in Korea and public data (bookstores, geographic data, statistics etc.) collected from outside the library. Being launched in 2014, as of 2019, the library big data service collected 1.2 billion data records.

While each library analyzed statistics they collected individually for library management previously, by utilizing big data, libraries can serve as intelligent libraries, be operated more reasonably and provide user-customized services.

Through Solomon, a system for supporting librarians' decision making using big data, librarians can establish book acquisition policies by analyzing book borrowers and borrowed books and offer customized book curation services considering users' reading preference based on analysis of book lending status.

Data for Library (www.data4library.kr), a website for sharing collected data, supports librarians, researchers and users' research and development of new contents and services. The website is providing a wide range of analysis results (analysis of most borrowed books, books showing figures revealing a rapid rise in borrowing etc.) and contributing in promoting reading culture. In addition, the website shares data through API for anyone to use, so that data can be utilized in various ways in the library field and private sector (especially startups).

The poster introduces a variety of cases of utilizing big data.


We report on the first long (∼32 ks) pointed XMM‐Newton observation of the supergiant fast X‐ray transient IGR J16479‐4514. Results from the timing, spectral and spatial analysis of this observation show that the X‐ray source IGR J16479‐4514 underwent an episode of sudden obscuration, possibly an X‐ray eclipse by the supergiant companion. We also found evidence for a soft X‐ray extended halo around the source that is most readily interpreted as due to scattering by dust along the line of sight to IGR J16479‐4514.


This article analyzes the actions and speeches of catholic intellectuals when defending the teaching of religion in state schools of Parana from 1922 to 1931. The article bases itself on deputy member Alcidino Pereira's pronouncement, which justified his project for the organisation of optional religious education in state schools. The article is also based on the opinion of the Constitutional and Judicial Commission of the Legislative Congress of Parana organized by deputy member Azevedo Macedo on the reply given by the author of the project to the opinion of the Commission and on the Catholic magazine A Cruzada. The data is analyzed from the perspective of the intellectual history of education, intending to restore some meaning to the dispute between catholics and anticlericals during the 1920s and early 1930s without, however, neglecting the national and international context as the background to all the activity over the discussion about the presence of religious culture in official teaching establishments.


We have developed off-line experimental techniques and apparatuses that permit direct measurement of effusive-flow delay-times and ionization efficiencies for nearly any chemically reactive element in high-temperature target/ion sources (TISs) commonly used for on-line radioactive ion beam (RIB) generation. The apparatuses include a hot Ta valve for effusive-flow delay-time measurements, a cooled molecular-injection system for determination of ionization efficiencies and a gas-flow measurement/control system for introducing very low, well-defined molecular flows into the TIS. Measurements are performed on a test-stand using molecular feed compounds containing stable complements of the radioactive nuclei of interest delivered to the TIS at flow-rates commensurate with on-line RIB generation. In this report, the general techniques are described and effusive-flow delay-times and ionization efficiency measurements are reported for fluorine in an electron-beam-plasma target/ion source (EBPTIS) developed for RIB generation and operated in both positive and negative ion extraction modes.


During the field use,the inside micrometer has certain measurement error.This paper analyses the error reasons and designs the inside micrometer with force measurement device by using outside micrometer force device features.The application proves that the inside micrometer can meet the requirements of use.


Polyelectrolyte complex (PEC) is produced as a result of mixting polycations and polyanions. Since PEC has strong bio-compatibility, attention has been paid to its applications such as to prostheses for sites of tissue defect. In this study, PEC coating was applied to implants with the aim of reducing the period required for achievement of osseointegration of the implant and bone and increasing contact area. Thus post-implantation tissue reactions were investigated. As a result, the PEC-coated Titanium (Ti) and Hydroxyapatite (HA)-coated implant required shorter periods for achievement of osseointegration than the non-PEC-coated implant used as the control, the width of the bone trabeculae formed was increased, and the bone contact ratio was accelerated. These results suggested that PEC is a useful biological material for reducing the period required for achievement of osseointegration of the implant and bone and for increasing the contact area.


Objective:To observe the clinical effect of treating simple obesity of children with Xiaoer Jianfei capsule.Methods:Thirty-five patients were treated with Xiaoer Jianfei capsule and comparing with twenty patients in the control group without using any drugs.Result:The symptom of simple obesity in the experimental group was improved,and the weight lowered significantly.It is show a better result than that of the control group.Conclusion:Xiaoer Jianfei capule is quite effective for simple obesity,and safe for clinic.