The utility model relates to a mechanical doll with rich expressions and diverse actions, which aims to solve the problem of single expression in the existing doll. The diverse mechanical doll comprises a hip bracket, a chest bracket and a head base frame which are hinged in sequence from the bottom to the top; a bending driving mechanism and a nodding driving mechanism are adopted; the head base frame is provided with a head rotation driving mechanism, a jaw opening-closing driving mechanism, an eyeball movement driving mechanism and an eyebrow movement driving mechanism; the driving mechanisms are controlled by a programmed controller; and a lifting driving mechanism is also arranged under the hip bracket. The utility model has the advantages of simple structure, low cost and reliable performance. The eyeballs and the eyebrows can rotate; the head part can be rotated, lifted and lowered; the waist part can be bent and straightened; the back can be straightened; and the doll can bow. Therefore, the actions are diverse, and the expressions are rich. The utility model can be used as a playmate to ease the loneliness and release the pressure.


Supercritical water oxidation (SCWO) is a thermally-based waste treatment process in which aqueous organic waste is oxidized at temperatures and pressures above the criticalpoint of water. This thesis concerns the identification and characterization of the chemical and physical processes which govern waste destruction in the supercritical water oxidation process. To gain a better understanding of the process, experimental data were collected over a range of industrially-relevant operating conditions. In addition, detailed kinetic models were developed which describe the oxidation process at the elementary reaction level. Specifically, the kinetics of methanol oxidation in supercritical water were studied in an isothermal, isobaric, tubular flow reactor over a temperature range of 400 to 550°C a pressure range of 246 to 269 bar, and fuel-equivalence ratio range of 0.5 to 4.5. Initial methanol concentrations at the inlet of the reactor were varied from 0.01 1 to 0.39 wt%. Over conditions explored in the study, the rate of methanol oxidation was found to be globally firstorder in methanol concentration and independent of oxygen feed concentration below fuelequivalence ratios of 1. Substoichiometric oxygen-to-organic molar feed ratios depressed the direct oxidation of methanol and CO to CO; and promoted the production of H; via the watergas shift reaction. Reaction at fuel-lean conditions resulted in higher conversion of methanol to CO and C02 and a reduction in H; formation due to direct oxidation with the excess oxygen. Apparent induction, or lag, times previously attributed to purely kinetic phenomena were shown to be influenced by the geometry and flow conditions within the mixing tee located at the head of the reactor. Redesign of the tee resulted in an 83% reduction in the apparent induction time. In addition, a direct comparison of methanol oxidation kinetics was made using dissolved oxygen and hydrogen peroxide as oxidants. Using hydrogen peroxide feed concentrations which yielded stoichiometrically-equivalent amounts of dissolved oxygen upon decomposition, the rates of methanol conversion were found to be identical using the two oxidants. Moreover, the time-dependent concentrations of carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, and hydrogen resulting from the oxidation process were demonstrated to be the same Page 3 for both oxidants. In an effort to address the scalability of the bench-scale data taken in this thesis, a collaborative research program was begun with the Combustion Research Facility at Sandia National Laboratory (SNL). Using the larger reactor at SNL, a series of joint methanol oxidation experiments were undertaken over a temperature range of 420 to 500 OC and feed concentrations of 0.011 to 0.39 wt%. Over the range of conditions explored, the rates of methanol oxidation in the MlT and Sandia reactor systems were found to be comparable. The best agreement was found at low methanol feed concentrations (0.01 1 and 0.056 wt%). Comparison of rate data at higher feed concentrations was complicated by the scatter in the Sandia data and the possibility of non-isothermal operation due to the reaction exothenn. In addition, the reaction of methanol due to hydrolysis or pyrolysis pathways was found to be negligible at the conditions studied. Preliminary experiments utilizing reactors with high surface-to-volume ratios were seen to exhibit a marked decrease in oxidation rate when compared to those conducted in low S/V reactors. Monte Carlo simulation and the Deterministically Equivalent Modeling Method (DEMM) were used in a combined sensitivity/uncertainty/reaction path analysis of a reduced high-pressure mechanism for hydrogen oxidation in supercritical water. Both methods yielded identical predictions of species concentration profiles and their time-dependent probability distributions. Further, both analyses reveal that there is considerable uncertainty in the predicted species concentration profiles arising from the uncertainties in the forward rate constants and species enthalpies of formation. The model predictions were found to be highly sensitive to two relatively uncertain parameters: the H Dr. Bill Peters for his much needed, and often thought provoking, perspective as a physical chemist; and Dr. K.C. Swallow for keeping me honest in all things relating to analytical instrumentation. I will never again call an analytical instrument a "machine." Thanks also go to my fellow labmates on the 5"' (and ultimately, 0 ' ) floor of Bldg. 66: Joanna DiNaro, Matt DiPippo, Mike Kutney, Russ Lachance, Phil Marrone, Josh Taylor, and Randy Weinstein. Graduate life at MIT would have been a lot less enjoyable without the hiking, rafting, skiing, biking, grilling, and other activities that occupied Group Tester outside of the lab. I am particularly indebted to Joanna for her role in our Herculean move to the basement, and for her contribution to virtually every experimental and computational aspect of this thesis. I wish her the best in her (hopefully brief) role as a senior researcher. Group Tester aside, I should acknowledge the contributions of other friends scattered throughout the campus. Thanks go to Menner Tatang for his tireless help in helping me understand and implement the DEMM methodology described in Chapter 5 (particularly in its early "manual" stage of development). I'd also like to thank Professor Gregory McRae for his support and enthusiasm for the uncertainty analysis work. Thanks also go to Marc Hodes for constantly reminding me just how little I know about heat transfer, mechanical engineering, and running up bills at wildly expensive restaurants. I am also indebted to Joe Man, Rick Holgate, and Rich Shandross for their help in getting me up to speed at falloff calculations, kinetic modeling, and understanding the impenetrable mass of FORTRAN code known as CHEMKIN. I'd also like to thank Dave Kronholm for more than a few extended conversations about uncertainty analysis and combustion modeling. Page 5 Outside of MIT, I have Steve Rice and Russ Hanush at Sandia National Laboratory to thank for their contribution to our joint research effort on methanol oxidation. I am also grateful for their hospitality during my stays in Livennore. Going way back, I'd also like to thank Glenn Hong, Alan Bourhis, Bill Killilea, and Dave Ordway of what was then MODAR for their help during a few late night trips to Natick.


Abstract. The retreat and acceleration of Greenland's marine-terminating outlet glaciers have been linked to ocean warming. However the mechanisms which control the transmission of this warming along fjords towards the glaciers remain poorly understood. The aim of this paper is to elucidate observed changes in water properties in Kangerdlugssuaq Fjord (KF), East Greenland using the Bergen Ocean Model (BOM). Model outputs are compared with observed potential temperature, salinity and velocity data to determine the principal controls on heat transport within KF and to estimate resulting submarine ice front melt rates of Kangerdlugssuaq Glacier (KG). The BOM includes wind, tidal and glacier runoff forcing and is able to replicate observed temperature and salinity profiles. Model results describe a robust four-layer estuarine flow, consisting of two distinct circulations. The shallow circulation (0–~ 60 m) is forced by surface wind stress and to a lesser extent supraglacial runoff, while the intermediate circulation (~ 60–500 m) is driven by runoff discharged into the fjord subglacially. Atlantic Water (AW) and warm Polar Surface Water (PSWw) are drawn into the fjord by the intermediate and shallow circulation cells respectively, in a pattern consistent with observations, and AW reaches KG over a single summer. Along-fjord heat transport towards KG increases significantly with both glacier runoff and coastal water temperature. A doubling of glacier runoff produces a 29% (48%) amplification of mean annual (summer) heat transport towards the KG terminus, increasing estimated mean annual (summer) submarine melt rates from 211 to 273 (842 to 1244) m yr–1. In contrast, heat transport towards KG in the surface ~ 60 m of the fjord decreases with rising glacier runoff because the enhanced down-fjord component of the intermediate circulation interferes with the up-fjord part of the shallow circulation. Thus, as ice sheet runoff increases, KG's dynamic response to oceanic forcing will likely be driven primarily by enhanced submarine ice front melting and consequent undercutting rather than through diminished buttressing from seasonal sea ice and ice melange. Our model shows, in agreement with observations, that maximum submarine melt rates occur when AW and PSWw are present at the fjord mouth and, crucially, glacier runoff is also high. Rising ice sheet runoff therefore increases the sensitivity of KG (and other Greenland marine-terminating glaciers) to ocean warming.


The rate of incidents involving commercial vehicles is a particular concern in China, accounting for an estimated 35.8% of all crashes in 2004 and over 30% in 2005. Commercial motor vehicle safety issues in China were studied by collecting data from Jingjintang freeway, which serves as the primary high-speed link between the cities of Beijing and Tianjin, China. For this study, heavy vehicles refer to vehicles with a gross weight of at least 20,000 ponds or vehicles designed to transport at least 40 passengers. This vehicle type is a surrogate for most Commercial Vehicles. Mid-sized vehicles are those the with a gross weight between 10,000 to 20,000 ponds, or vehicles designed to transport 20 to 39 passengers. Light/compact-sized vehicles are those smaller than the mid-size. Commercial vehicles are over-represented in collision involvement, and crashes that involve commercial vehicles have a higher severity level. Data collected from a survey of commercial vehicles and drivers was analyzed for statistical relationships between collision probability and causes related to driver behavior, driver training, and vehicle mechanical condition. Higher crash risk corresponds to lower driver experience, increased driver tendency to load a vehicle in excess of design capacity, operation of older or defective vehicles, and driver tendency to travel at excessive speeds. Based on the known factors influencing commercial vehicle crash probabilities, a number of potential safety countermeasures are suggested for further study in China.


Method for the preparation of ethene, propene and butene by steam cracking, wherein the feed comprising heavy hydrocarbons obtained by Fischer-Tropsch hydrocarbon Fischer-Tropsch having an initial boiling point above 150 ° C and a point of final boiling below 400 ° C, is subjected to steam cracking in a furnace steam cracking designed to naphtha where the furnace comprises a convection zone provided a first preheating zone in which the feed Fischer-Tropsch heated, a second preheating zone in which the Fischer-Tropsch hydrocarbons are heated heated in steam to form a hydrocarbon mixture of Fischer-Tropsch liquids and gases; and a superheating zone in which Fischer-Tropsch hydrocarbons liquid and gas are superheated; and cracking zone in the Fischer-Tropsch hydrocarbons are cracked gaseous superheated steam to give ethene, propene and butene.


The chemical microenvironment modulation of metal nanoparticles (NPs) holds promise in tackling the long-lasting challenge of trade-off effect between activity and selectivity in catalysis. Herein, ultrafine PdCu2 NPs incorporated into covalent organic frameworks (COFs) with diverse groups on their pore walls have been fabricated for semihydrogenation of alkynes. The Cu species as the primary microenvironment of Pd active sites greatly improves the selectivity. The functional groups as the secondary microenvironment around PdCu2 NPs effectively regulate the activity, in which PdCu2 NPs encapsulated in the COF bearing -CH3 groups exhibit the highest activity with 100% conversion and >96% selectivity. Both experimental and calculation results suggest that the functional group affects the electron-donating ability of the COFs, which successively impacts the charge transfer between COFs and Pd sites, giving rise to modulated Pd electronic state and excellent catalytic performance.


If money is a language, there have been many tongues spoken in Afghanistan throughout recorded history. More intriguing than the historical depth of money use in Afghanistan is the multiplicity of currencies that have circulated there at any one time. Braudel makes useful distinctions between three different "dialects of money." The first is metallic money or state currency. He also identifies paper bank notes, including bills of exchange, which are the most important of all instruments of credit and are critical for long-distance trade. Braudel's third category is scriptural money that functions strictly as a textual or book money used for account-keeping purposes. All of these forms of money are historically evident in the political space now known as Afghanistan. This essay deals with relationships between cash, credit, and debt in nineteenthcentury Afghanistan. Specific attention will be paid to the contexts that transformed relationships between individuals and groups handling metallic state currencies and private bills of exchange. The narrative will demonstrate that despite two failed invasions of the country during the 1800s British Indian colonialism had a determining influence on the Afghan economy and polity. The argument being advanced is twofold. Firstly, because Afghanistan was a growing


The impact of a moment excitation on the vibrational and acoustical response of a fluid-loaded system containing a structural discontinuity is examined. The response metric of interest is the acoustic power radiated from a semi-infinite plate supported in a rigid baffle. The impact of a moment excitation located near a locally reacting distributed-mass discontinuity as well as near the simple supports is examined. Numerical results show that the addition of a moment component can have a dramatic impact on the radiated acoustic power. Both the magnitude and phase of the moment relative to the force can impact the radiated acoustic power.


Author(s) Title Number of Pages Date Petri Virtanen Proposal 81 pages + 8 appendices 6 May 2016 Degree Master ́s degree Degree Programme Industrial Management Instructor(s) Principal Lecturer Rohweder, Thomas D.Sc (Econ) Senior Lecturer Holappa, Sonja, M.Sc. This Master's Thesis is to propose a total competitive offering for the case company to expand a selected offering from one geographical area to another in a Northern European context. The thesis is targeting to create general, knowledge-based proposal for the case company to be able to use the same approach in other fields as well in the future. The outcome in this thesis is a competitive proposal of the selected offering to fulfill the needs of one spearhead prospect to start effective business operations. The thesis explores customer perceived value as well as how it can be created and approved by the customer. The outcome of the Thesis is a Conceptual Framework for the case company to address the current state, and to build proposals for the different projects. A secondary outcome is to findings to develop further an industrialized way of maintaining and expressing value perceptions for the market segment. The Thesis explores widely existing knowledge and creates conceptual knowledge related to Value-Based operating in the field of IT business. The thesis creates an understanding for effectively attaching prospects into the value creation process. Accordingly, the value based operating must be a strategic decision for the whole organization, not just a simplistic marketing approach. The targets for value-based operating must be done on a strategic level and managerial level, as well as on prospect level. This Thesis is a unique attempt for the case company to create a structured way of impressing value proposition of all related layers. The thesis creates the building blocks of customer value proposition, and tests the model and gives suggestions to improve the model based on findings to achieve an industrialized way of meeting the upcoming customer perceptions.


In the course of studies of the mechanism of agglutination, we have sought to explain the pro-agglutinoid zone. Agglutinative sera showing a natural prozone have been so rare in our experience that we have resorted to the study of the prozone in serum produced artificially by heating. The following is a summary of results observed with such "heat" prozones. Horse and rabbit sera were used. The temperature used for securing this type of prozone is usually stated to be 70° to 75° C. Our observations have shown that with certain sera, temperatures ranging from 56°, or possibly lower, to 76° C. are effective (at pH's 5.0 to 7.0), longer heating being required at the lower temperatures, e. g., 3 minutes at 68° produces a prozone, while 2 to 4 hours is necessary at 60°. Heating to 76-78° destroys all agglutinin. In the case of some of the typhoid sera, the production of a prozone was accompanied by a faint opalescence. Centrifugalization failed to clear the serum but passage through Berkfeld V candles was successful. Accompanying this removal of turbidity, the prozone disappears and coincidentally the titre of the the serum falls (Table 1). In the case of a dysentery prozone serum not showing this turbidity a similar eradication of prozone and coincident reduction of titre was obtained by adding kaolin. When prozone serum (typhoid) was added in proportions of 1 :1, 2:l and 4:l to an untreated B. Melitensis serum no inhibition of agglutination of the melitensis organism occurred, i. e., typhoid prosone serum does not produce a prozone in melitensis serum. Also, in the case of closely related bacteria (dysentery strains), the addition of Shiga prozone seruni to Flexner, Mt. Desert, "Y" and Sonne B sera in similar fashion failed to produce prozones.


Gate assignment is an important decision making problem which involves multiple and conflict objectives in airport. In this paper, fuzzy model is proposed to handle two main objectives, minimizing the total walking distance for passengers and maximizing the robustness of assignment. The idle times of flight-to-gate are regarded as fuzzy variables, and whose membership degrees are used to express influence on robustness of assignment. Adjustment function on membership degree is introduced to transfer two objectives into one. Modified genetic algorithm is adopted to optimize the NP-hard problem. Finally, illustrative example is given to evaluate the performance of fuzzy model. Three distribution functions are tested?? and comparison with the method of fixed buffer time is given. Simulation results demonstrate the feasibility and effectiveness of proposed fuzzy method.


This cross-sectional study assessed the relationship between the dietary diversity score (DDS) and metabolic syndrome (MetS) among 410 Iranian adults aged 20 to 60 years. Dietary intake was evaluated using a validated semiquantitative food frequency questionnaire and the DDS was calculated for each participant. The probability of having MetS (P for trend = .042) and some of its components such as abdominal adiposity (P for trend = .036), high blood pressure (P for trend = .029), and high serum triglycerides (P for trend = .038) decrease with enhancing quartile of the DDS. The increased diversity score of diets may be useful in preventing MetS and its metabolic features.


The therapy of initial carious lesions aims in a minimal invasive removal of infected dental hard tissue. Typically standard preparation instruments bear the risk of removing a big amount of sound structures as a result of access. On the other hand the competence of Er:YAG lasers for caries removal has been repeatedly proven.


The recent discovery of a γ-ray counterpart to a gravitational wave event has put extremely stringent constraints on the speed of gravitational waves at the present epoch. In turn, these constraints place strong theoretical pressure on potential modifications of gravity, essentially allowing only a conformally-coupled scalar to be active in the present Universe. In this paper, we show that direct detection of gravitational waves from optically identified sources can also measure or constrain the strength of the conformal coupling in scalar-tensor models through the time variation of the Planck mass. As a first rough estimate, we find that the LISA satellite can measure the dimensionless time variation of the Planck mass (the so-called parameter αM) at redshift around 1.5 with an error of about 0.03 to 0.13, depending on the assumptions concerning future observations. Stronger constraints can be achieved once reliable distance indicators at z>2 are developed, or with GW detectors that extend the capabilities of LISA, like the proposed Big Bang Observer. We emphasize that, just like the constraints on the gravitational speed, the bound on αM is independent of the cosmological model.


In the present investigation, we are discussing the results on photoelectrochemical cell performance of iron doped zinc selenide thin films by Electrodeposition. Thin films were deposited by Galvanostatically as well as potentiostatically at an aqueous solution onto stainless steel substrate as well as ITO (indium tin oxide). Precursor of zinc selenide is zinc sulphate (ZnSO4), selenium dioxide (SeO2) and ferrous sulphate (FeSO4). The deposited films were characterized by different physico-chemical characterization such as, for structural study X-ray diffraction study was used, Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) for surface morphology, optical absorption study made by UV spectrometer and it showed that the semiconductor nature of the electrodeposited zinc selenide thin films with band gap 2.6 eV and PEC performance shows that Isc is 360 mA and Voc is 135 mV.


The operator algebra of fermionic modes is isomorphic to that of qubits, the difference between them is twofold: the embedding of subalgebras corresponding to mode subsets and multiqubit subsystems on the one hand, and the parity superselection in the fermionic case on the other. We discuss these two fundamental differences extensively, and illustrate these through the Jordan–Wigner representation in a coherent, self-contained, pedagogical way, from the point of view of quantum information theory. Our perspective leads us to develop useful new tools for the treatment of fermionic systems, such as the fermionic (quasi-)tensor product, fermionic canonical embedding, fermionic partial trace, fermionic products of maps and fermionic embeddings of maps. We formulate these by direct, easily applicable formulas, without mode permutations, for arbitrary partitionings of the modes. It is also shown that fermionic reduced states can be calculated by the fermionic partial trace, containing the proper phase factors. We also consider variants of the notions of fermionic mode correlation and entanglement, which can be endowed with the usual, local operation based motivation, if the parity superselection rule is imposed. We also elucidate some other fundamental points, related to joint map extensions, which make the parity superselection inevitable in the description of fermionic systems.


The primary aim of the study is to investigate the self-reported prevalence of multimorbidity (major chronic Non-Communicable Diseases) and their predictors among elderly in India. As the number of elderly in India is growing, there are around 103 million older persons in India (Census, 2011). By using the Building Knowledge Base on Population Ageing in India (BKPAI) data (2011), the study investigates the prevalence and the associated factors related to self-reported chronic non-communicable disease basically (Arthritis, Stroke, Angina, Diabetes, Chronic Lung Disease, asthma, depression, High Blood Pressure, cataract). The exposure variables were socio-demographic characteristics such as Place of residence, age, gender, education, caste, marital status, and wealth status. Multinomial logistic regression was used to determine socio-demographic determinants predictive of the presence of chronic NCDs. The imperial finding suggests that the prevalence of chronic Non-communicable disease among elderly was 58.02%. Of all the given NCD, Arthritis evolved as the most pronounced chronic diseases among elderlyin India followed by High Blood Pressure and cataract. The prevalence of multimorbidity (1+ Chronic disease) was 23.6%. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that being female, being in age groups 60_69 70_79 and 80 & above, being OBC caste, having no schooling and primary level of schooling, having greater wealth, being currently not married and residing in a rural area were associated with the presence of Multimorbidity (1+ NCDs). The rising burden of multimorbidity is significantly affecting at an older age and incurs a heavy burden on the healthcare. However, due to the economicproblem, it needs more demand of healthcare service. Introduction A major emerging demographic concern of the 21 st century is the population aging as an inevitable consequence of the demographic transition experienced by India. Declining fertility and increasing longevity have resulted in higher number of older people in the country. Even the 100-year longevity is not a rare event now. Against the backdrop of persistent economic development, India is also the residence of an increasingly older population with 103.2 million elders (Chandramouli, C., 2011). Elderly or older refers to ages close to or over the average lifespan of human beings. However, the phenomena cannot be exactly defined because it varies in all over the world communities. In India, a person aged more or equal to 60 years is referred as "elderly.' According to census 1961, there were 5.6% of theelderly population lived in India which increased both in their size and shares with 7.4% in 2001 and 8.3 in 2011 census. It is also projected to increase to 12.4% of thepopulation by 2026 (RGI, 2011). India"s life expectancy has increased from 32 years in 1947 to 68 years in 2011 and the decline in Total Fertility Rate from 5.2 in 1971 to 2.3 in 2014 (RGI, 2013; RGI 2014). With the access to better education, health facilities and increase in life expectancy, the percentage of the elderly population (60+) has increased from 5.3 to 5.7 percent during 1971 to 1981 and 6.0 to 8.0 percent correspondingly, during the periods of 1991-2011 (RGI, 2013). Increasing life expectancy gives not only more life years but also some health problems as well. As the health condition (morbidity) is more likely to occur in older age, the emergence of multiple chronic diseases can be attributed to theincreased lifespan of the population. The lifelong exposure can easily describe these phenomena to the risk factors such as smoking, drinking, overweight, unhealthy lifestyle.With theincrease in the life expectancy, the risk of chronic disease conditions also increases, such as diabetes, heart disease, cancer, and arthritis. Chronic diseases (non-communicable) comprise the most recurrent and costly health problems,in particular among the older population. It is prominent among the people belonging to a lower socio-economic group of the society (Arokiasamy, P.,et al. 2015). Extensive literature review reveals that there is insufficient information on the distribution of chronic conditions and multimorbidity by socioeconomic and demographic factors in India. One of the studies in Chandigarh found out that female elderly were more prone to morbidity (Swami et al., 2002). A Karnataka-based study on the prevalence of multimorbidity concluded that it was equally distributed amongst elderly men and women (Shraddha et al., 2012). The prevalence of multimorbidity has often


Simple Summary In this study, our objective was to assess the efficacy of incorporating insect peptide CopA3 to stabilize the proliferation and heat shock protein (HSP) expression under varying temperatures (37, 39, and 41 °C) of porcine muscle satellite cells (PMSCs). We observed that treatment with CopA3 mitigated the deleterious impact of heat stress on cell viability. Furthermore, CopA3 exhibited a reduction in PMSCs apoptosis, while stabilizing the expression of Bcl-2-associated X (BAX), HSP70, and HSP40. These results suggest the potential of CopA3 as a heat-stress alleviator. Abstract Heat stress inhibits cell proliferation as well as animal production. Here, we aimed to demonstrate that 9-mer disulfide dimer peptide (CopA3) supplementation stabilizes porcine muscle satellite cell (PMSC) proliferation and heat shock protein (HSP) expression at different temperatures. Therefore, we investigated the beneficial effects of CopA3 on PMSCs at three different temperatures (37, 39, and 41 °C). Based on temperature and CopA3 treatment, PMSCs were divided into six different groups including treatment and control groups for each temperature. Cell viability was highest with 10 µg/mL CopA3 and decreased as the concentration increased in a dose-dependent manner. CopA3 significantly increased the cell viability at all temperatures at 24 and 48 h. It significantly decreased apoptosis compared to that in the untreated groups. In addition, it decreased the apoptosis-related protein, Bcl-2-associated X (BAX), expression at 41 °C. Notably, temperature and CopA3 had no effects on the apoptosis-related protein, caspase 3. Expression levels of HSP40, HSP70, and HSP90 were significantly upregulated, whereas those of HSP47 and HSP60 were not affected by temperature changes. Except HSP90, CopA3 did not cause temperature-dependent changes in protein expression. Therefore, CopA3 promotes cell proliferation, inhibits apoptosis, and maintains stable HSP expression, thereby enhancing the heat-stress-tolerance capacity of PMSCs.


This work presents two efficient hardware implementations of Forward and Inverse 2D-Walsh-Hadamard Transforms that do not use memory for the transposition operation. The first one is based on wired-transposition and the second one does not require transposition. In the last case, we designed a large 1D-WHT in order to obtain a 2D transform. The architectures were completely described in VHDL and they are flexible and parameterizable from the viewpoint of the number of inputs (N) and the number of bits of each input (n). The results show that the proposed designs have a very high throughput which makes them very suitable for several image and video processing applications and embedded systems based on H.264.


In situ 13C NMR measurements on samples prepared using a pulse-quench catalytic reactor show that the 1,3-dimethylcyclopentenyl carbenium ion (1) is an intermediate in the synthesis of toluene from ethylene on zeolite catalyst HZSM-5. Cation 1 forms in less than 0.5 s when ethylene is pulsed onto the catalyst bed at 623 K, and its presence obviates the kinetic induction period for conversion of a subsequent pulse of dimethyl ether, or methanol, into olefins (MTO chemistry). The kinetic induction period returns when the interval between pulses is many times the half-life of 1 in the catalyst bed. Density functional theory calculations (B3LYP/ 6-311G**) on a cluster model of the zeolite confirm that 1 is stable in the zeolite as a free cation and suggest why the alternative framework alkoxy is not observed. A π complex of the neutral cyclic diene is only 2.2 kcal/mol higher in energy than that of the ion pair. Theoretical (GIAO-MP2/tzp) 13C isotropic shifts of isolated 1 are in good agreement with the exper...


In this work we report on the observation of noise-assisted energy transport using stochastic networks of evanescently coupled waveguides. In this scheme every site is endowed with propagation constants randomly fluctuating along the propagation distance.


It is proposed to assess the stress-strain state of a rock mass and its defects by measuring displacements of mine working contour. Algorithms and software to solve the elastic and elastic-plastic problems are worked out for a case when a working contour shifts to failure domain. To compute of the working contour displacements, when all the shears except creep-strain occurred, the researchers set forth the process for continuous stress release in the contour of the preset geometry at continuous monitoring and recording of shear benchmark data at its boundary. The process is demonstrated on shear measurements on a circular hole in a rubber plate under tension load.


In the era of data-intensive computing, accessing data with a high-throughput and low-latency is more imperative than ever. Data prefetching is a well-known technique for hiding read latency. However, existing solutions do not consider the new deep memory and storage hierarchy and also suffer from under-utilization of prefetching resources and unnecessary evictions. Additionally, existing approaches implement a client-pull model where understanding the application's I/O behavior drives prefetching decisions. Moving towards exascale, where machines run multiple applications concurrently by accessing files in a workflow, a more data-centric approach can resolve challenges such as cache pollution and redundancy. In this study, we present HFetch, a truly hierarchical data prefetcher that adopts a server-push approach to data prefetching. We demonstrate the benefits of such an approach. Results show 10-35% performance gains over existing prefetchers and over 50% when compared to systems with no prefetching.


Close-loop control to the power electronics transformer (PET) was not well solved still now, we studied the basic topology of PET-AC/AC buck converter, built its small-signal model, analyzed its frequency characteristic, and pointed out that: under general inductive load condition, the open-loop model is an approximate second-order undamped oscillation system, it is marginally stable and output voltage oscillation can be induced by instant disturbances of input voltage and/or output current, therefore, we must find out a suitable close-loop adjustment. Here, we employed the classical PID control algorithm to instantaneously control output voltage following the reference signal. The close-loop system was stable and had good dynamic response characteristic. In addition, during one switching period, the line-frequency input/output voltage and output reactance were treated as constants, and a parameter-lambda, which is related to load feature, was introduced to simplify the modeling and analysis process, it is a valid method for AC/AC converter small-signal modeling and system dynamic analysis


Radiation-induced graft polymerization has developed as an independent discipline with its own methodology to deal with a wide range of practical tasks relating to the general problem of producing materials with given combinations of properties. The various aspects of this discipline are the grafting techniques, the regularities and mechanisms involved, the structures and properties of the materials, and aspects of implementing radiation grafting under engineering conditions. This paper characterizes the general history of this line and the current state of the art; only the key aspects are considered.


Onychomycosis refers to the fungal infection of nail plate or nail bed,which is highly common in the general population.In recent years,laser therapy for onychomycosis has been a focus of the study in this field.The progress made in the research on treating onychomycosis with laser is addressed in this review.


The present investigation deals with the haematological and histological altarations in Channa punctatus infected with fungi Aspergillus fumigatus and Aspergillus niger. Fresh water murrels were collected from Hasanparthy and Bhandham lakes and Local fish markets of Warangal district. Isolated fungi from infected fish bodies were identified as Aspergillus fumigatus and Aspergillus niger. The considerable variations have been observed in the mean values of blood parameters. HB content, RBCs, percentage of Monocytes and Neutrophils were significantly decreased by (9%), (55%), (2.4%) and (18%) respectively. WBCs, Lymphocytes, Esinophils and Basophils were found significantly increased (17%), (5%), (5.8%) and (2.7%) respectively. Histopathologically different kinds of destructions were observed in Skin, Gills and Liver of the infected fish. Penetrating fungal hyphae were observed on skin and complete muscles.


We speed up the screening of a computer image compressed as an iterated function system (IFS) of affine transformations w 1 ,..., w N . The idea is to avoid applying a given map to a given point if nothing new would be obtained. Let w(x, y) be the result of applying transformation w to pixel coordinates (x, y) then rounding to the nearest integer pair, say (u, v). Then the w-jigsaw pieces w -1 (u, v) tile the plane. We develop a foundation of results about such jigsaws based on the coefficients defining the transformations w, and apply them to a collection of 50 IFSs. Much time is indeed saved and the method is to be pursued further.


The invention discloses a karst tunnel large-scale cavern processing method. A cavern traversing tunnel section penetrating through a cavern comprises a tunnel section I, a tunnel section II and a tunnel section III according to the distribution positions, wherein two sides of the tunnel section I are suspended in midair and the top of the tunnel section I is at a smaller distance away from a cavern top plate, one side of the tunnel section II is suspended in midair, and two sides of the tunnel section III are suspended in midair and the top of the tunnel section III is at a larger distance away from the cavern top plate. The processing method comprises the steps of: 1, excavating a bypass pilot tunnel; 2, protecting inside of the cavern; 3, processing the bottom of the tunnel: filling the cavern below the tunnel section I with rock residues and grouting for reinforcing, and then distributing an armoured concrete slab girder, filling the cavern below the tunnel section III with concrete and then distributing an armoured concrete slab girder, filling the cavern below the tunnel section II with hard fillers; 4, constructing a gravity retaining wall at the suspending side of the tunnel section II; 5, constructing the tunnel section I with an open cut tunnel process; 6, constructing the tunnel section III with the open cut tunnel process after the bypass pilot tunnel bypasses; and 7, constructing the tunnel section II. The karst tunnel large-scale cavern processing method has the advantages of reasonable design, convenience for construction, safe and reliable construction process and short construction period, good processing effect on the large-scale cavern.


Breast cancer represents the most frequent malignant tumor in women [1]. Its management includes surgery or biopsy, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy, depending on its histology and stage. Radiation therapy (RT) may be used as an adjuvant or palliative treatment. RT after partial surgery may reduce local tumor recurrence and improve the survival of patients [2]. In patients with left breast cancers, radiotherapy may elicit cardiotoxicity, when the heart is within the radiation field, especially in patients receiving cardiotoxic chemotherapy or those having preexisting cardiovascular conditions. Early cardiotoxicity is characterized by pericardial effusions, and late effects may include valvular disease, coronary artery disease, or heart failure [3].


Boltzmann electron kinetic simulations are performed to study the time development of the electron energy distribution function (EEDF) in plasma resulting from neon gas subject to a 40 fs x-ray free electron laser radiation source. The simulations are performed without any assumptions of electron temperature. The distributions are calculated as a function of time through 40 fs using Boltzmann kinetics, including the appropriate processes that alter state populations and electron energy. The calculations are also extended into the picosecond regime, after the laser pulse, to track the thermalization of free electrons. Results are presented that predict the evolution of the charge-state distribution, effective temperature, the photon spectrum, as well as the EEDF.


ABSTRACT: The effect of ultrasound on Biceps femoris muscle tenderness was investigated using a 22 Central Composite Rotatable Design (CCRD) with triplicates at the central point. We evaluated the following independent variables: ultrasound intensity ranging from 11.30 to 33.90 W cm-2 and exposure time between 35 and 205 s. The ultrasound bath's frequency (80 kHz) and temperature (10 ºC) were the fixed ones. To validate the model, the muscle was treated at the CCRD's optimized condition (80 kHz, 22.60 W cm-2, 120 s, 10 ºC) evaluated, and compared with the muscle control sample (non-treated). A 22% shear force reduction was observed compared to the control sample (no ultrasound treatment) after 144 h, and stored at 5 ºC. Moreover, a sarcoplasmic calcium concentration increase was noted for ultrasound-treated muscle, probably activating the calpain enzyme system. In contrast, no significant influence (P > 0.05) was observed for pH, color index, lipid oxidation, water holding capacity, and drip loss by ultrasound treatment at the optimized conditions. Therefore, ultrasound application is promising and suitable for improving muscle tenderness without losing meat quality. This study highlighted the ultrasound effect on the tenderness of a less studied muscle (Biceps femoris) by combining short ultrasound exposure (120 s) and an 80 kHz frequency.


tioned and been implemented in societies instead of continuing to search in the dark for an irretrievable past in which humans and the divine feminine lived in peaceful accord. All in all, The Goddess: Myths of the Great Mother does not meet many of the standard practices to which scholars of goddess traditions are habituated. Many of the conclusions are troubling and their connections careless. It is best suited to the casual reader interested in cross-cultural comparative mythology and goddess spirituality.


The present work deals with the state of the art about safety in Spanish mining parks. Therefore, current laws and their applicability to different kinds of mining parks and situations that could be found are analysed. In the same way, the role and the figure of the Safety Chief is reviewed.


The invention discloses a coal mine collapse column bursting water geological mechanics fluid-solid coupling test device. The coal mine collapse column bursting water geological mechanics fluid-solid coupling test device comprises a test bedplate and a collapse column simulation device, wherein the test bedplate is of a box-type structure with an opening in the upper part, a plurality of layers of similar materials are laid inside the test bedplate, and a roadway or a mining surface can be dug in the similar materials; the collapse column simulation device comprises an organic glass barrel with an open upper part and an open lower part, the upper opening of the organic glass barrel is provided with an organic glass lifting device and a hard plastic baffle plate, the organic glass lifting device is provided with a lifting rod, and the lifting rod is connected with a lifting rope. The coal mine collapse column bursting water geological mechanics fluid-solid coupling test device can be used for simulating the construction process under the condition such as the digging of the roadway or the mining of a coal bed, collecting the water bursting foreboding information, studying the rock mechanics, deformation and collapse column interstifial flow law in the construction process and is favorable for the security construction and hazard early warning of the practical engineering.


Recently, a number of contemporary women writers have published fictions of apocalypse, including Margaret Atwood (Oryx and Crake [2003] and its sequel The Year of the Flood [2009]), Jeannette Winterson (The Stone Gods [2007]), Doris Lessing (Mara and Dann [1999] and the sequel The Story of General Dann [2005]), Maggie Gee (The Ice People [2008] and The Flood [2005]), and Liz Jensen (The Rapture was a popular success in 2009). These novels have had a mixed reception, and reviews have revealed much about the prejudices of the literary establishment. Despite the long tradition of women's speculative writing and the respectability of the ''literary'' tradition of apocalyptic writing, there still seems to be some question about whether women writers can move between these genres with the same success as men, for women's writing within the genre is sometimes dismissed as preachy agitprop. This essay will examine what attracts these writers to the idea of apocalypse and explore what their apocalyptic narratives share. I argue that contemporary women writers offer a new intervention in the literature of apocalypse that has much to say about the important relationship between gender and the way we imagine the end of the world as we know it. Contemporary women's apocalyptic writing is interested in a number of key ideas. First is a suspicion of techno-science for its destructive complicity with patriarchal and colonial enterprises and an alternative interest in debating the relationship between nature, gender, and matter in new ways. Second is a concern to transform identity and sexuality through extending the boundaries of scientific wisdom and being open to the redefinition of the ''human,'' particularly via cyborg technology. The third feature of contemporary women's apocalyptic writing that I will discuss is the replacement of colonial and patriarchal narratives of paternity and conquest with metaphors of mother-daughter relationships. Related to this maternal imaginary is a


The proliferation of electronic content has notably lead to the apparition of large corpora of interrelated structured documents (such as HTML and XML Web pages) and semantic annotations (typically expressed in RDF), which further complement these documents. Documents and annotations may be authored independently by different users or programs. We present AnnoVIP, a peer-to-peer platform, capable of efficiently exploiting a multitude of annotated documents, based on innovative materialized views.


Resistive feedback in active RC first-order filter sections realizes an inductor at the input port. The realized form may be ideal, real or bilinear in nature depending on the type of the filter. The method has been proposed through a semi-synthetic approach and a few practical schemes are appended with appropriate comments. Different schemes are compared in a table for performance evaluation of the realized inductors.


On 23 May 1997 we found and photographed a gray-plumaged cuckoo of the genus Cuculus on Midway Atoll. constituting the first record of this genus in the Hawaiian Islands and in the central Pacific Ocean east of Palau. We suspect it was a Common Cuckoo of the southeastern subspecies (C. canorus telephonus) but cannot eliminate the Oriental Cuckoo (C. saturatus) at this time. Pyle discovered the cuckoo at about 1530 as it flew down the active runway toward Frigate Point at the southwestern tip of the island. He alerted Nestler by phone, then, in the company of several volunteers assisting with seabird research, pursued the bird around the vicinity of Frigate Point. We saw the bird both sitting and in flight and obtained several photographs (Figure 1). The bird was last seen at about 1630 flying


Chapman's translation of the Iliad was undertaken in three distinct stages. In 1598 he published Seaven Bookes of the Iliades1 with a dedication 'To the most Honored now living Instance of the Achilleian vertues eternized by divine Homere, the Earle of Essexe'. In 1608 he made some minor revisions to the books already translated (I, II, VII-XI) and added the intervening books and Book XII to produce Homer ... in twelve Bookes. At a later stage he translated the second half of the poem in fifteen weeks and entirely re-translated the first two books (except for the catalogue of forces at the end of Book II). In the 'commentarius' added to the 161 1 edition of The Iliads of Homer, he tells the reader that it was only in this final phase that he clearly discovered his author:


Zerovalent iron (ZVI) has been recently used for environmental remediation of soils and groundwaters contaminated by chlorinated organic compounds. As a new approach to improve its reductive activity and stability, zerovalent iron-montmorillonites (ZVI-Mt) complex are synthesized by simple process. Therefore, this study was carried out to elucidate the characteristics of ZVI-Mt complex and to investigate degradation effects of fungicide chlorothalonil. The XRD patterns of ZVI-Mt complex showed distinctive peaks of ZVI and montmorillonite. In ZVI-Mt complex, the oval particles of ZVI were partly surrounded by montmorillonite layers that could prevent ZVI surface oxidation by air. The degradation ratio of chlorothalonil after 60 min exhibited 71% by ZVI and 100% by ZVI-Mt complex. ZVI-Mt21 complex exhibited much higher and faster degradation ratio of chlorothalonil compare to that of ZVI or ZVI-Mt11 complex. Also, degradation rate of chlorothalonil was increased with increasing ZVI or ZVI-Mt complex content and with decreasing initial solution pH.


Estimating the interaction between variables is a particularly important theoretical,substantive,and empirical issue in psychology,as well as in many other social and behavioral sciences. Interactions between (multiple indicator) latent variables are rarely used because of the implementation complexity especially when the mean structure is known as a necessary part of any latent interaction model. There are four types of parameters related to the mean structure,which are namely,the intercepts of the y-measurement equations,the intercepts of the x-measurement equations,the intercepts of the structural equations,and the means of the exogenous latent variables. In this article,it is shown that the mean structure in the latent interaction model comes from the non-zero mean of the latent interaction construct ξ1ξ2 (the product of the two first terms). Thus,the means of the exogenous latent variables and the intercepts of the y-measurement equations are always necessary even if all indicators are mean-centered when the traditional latent interaction construct is used. By building a new latent interaction construct so that its mean is zero,we obtain a structural equation model of latent interaction in which the mean structure is no longer necessary and the parameters of main and interaction effects are unchanged. A simulation study comparing the estimated parameters and goodness of fit indices of the two latent interaction models with and without the mean structure by using the matched-pair product indicators and the unconstrained approach is demonstrated. The simulation results are consistent with the theoretical predictions. This research unambiguously shows that the mean structure problem which has unduly deterred the applied researchers for a long time can now be solved.


It is argued that whereas the Shatskiy single rings produced by the gravitational inner field of a spherically symmetric wormhole could not be used to identify the presence of such tunnelings in the universe or the existence of a parallel universe, the image which the inner gravitational field of a ringhole with toroidal symmetry would allow us to detect from a single luminous source is that of two concentric bright rings, and this is a signature that cannot be attributed to any other single astronomical object in whichever universe it may be placed. At the beginning of 2008 the NASA/ESA Hubble Space Telescope revealed a never-before-seen phenomenon in space: a pair of glowing rings, one nestled inside the other like a bull's-eye pattern. It is also argued that such a discovery may well be attributed to the first astronomical ringhole found in the universe. After all, a ringhole is a perfectly valid solution to the Einstein equations and the stuff which makes it possible is becoming more and more familiar in cosmology.


In the history of Central Asian socio-political thought, Donish was one of the first to advance the idea of a connection between the origin of the state and property. According to him, the right to land ownership arises not by the will of Allah, but as a result of violence and aggression of one person over another.


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 Aims – To ascertain whether the surgical assessment unit at Royal Derby Hospital was complying with NICE guidelines for thromboprophylaxis. We also determined why we were falling short of these standards, and addressed these issues with a re-audit. Methods – We analysed 109 admissions over a 2 week period analysing the prescription rate of enoxaparin and TEDS, as well as the administration of TEDS and completion of thromboprophylaxis prompt sticker. We determined why we were not complying with NICE standards through a junior doctor questionnaire, and addressed these issues with education and reference packages. The re-audit of 89 admissions then analysed the same variables. Results – From the first audit loop 64.36% had both TEDS and enoxaparin prescribed and 2.75% of the thromboprophylaxis prompt stickers were completed. After education, the re-audit demonstrated a significant improvement of 74.16% having both TEDS and enoxaparin prescribed, and 32.95% thromboprophylaxis prompt stickers completed. Conclusions – Ascertaining the reason why standards are not being met is the key to providing effective education and interventions that result in a significant improvement in patient care. The realisation that a lack of accessible resources and core knowledge was responsible for the poor compliance with NICE standards at Royal Derby Hospital allowed a realistic and effective intervention to be undertaken.


Lawless, Patrick (fl. 1691–1718), soldier and diplomat, was the son of Walter Lawless of Talbot's Inch, near Kilkenny, and Ann Bryan, sister of James Bryan of Jenkinstown, alderman; he was the grandson of Richard Lawless (d. 1670), procurator of the supreme council of the catholic confederacy.


A voltage-mode boost converter is analyzed. Due to changes of the input voltage converter exhibits different steady-states. The change of steady-state from period-one to quasiperiodic steady-state is observed. The increase of inductor current due to that change is much larger than due to any other change of steady-state. The increase of inductor effective current increases inductor copper losses while the increase of inductor peak current increases switches current stress. The significant increase of effective value and peak value in quasiperiodic steady-state is not well known to the switching power converter community, so it is important fact that must be taken into account when designing the boost converter.


The friction and wear behaviors of PTFE composites filled with irregular or spherical copper powders were experimentally investigated. The effects of shape, content and size of the copper powders on the tribological properties of the PTFE composites were discussed. The results showed that the friction coefficients of the PTFE composites filled with irregular copper powders are higher than that of pure PTFE. While the friction coefficients of the PTFE composites filled with spherical copper powders were almost always lower than that of pure PTFE. Both irregular and spherical copper powders can effectively decrease the wear of the composites. The wear of the composites filled with spherical copper powders will gradually decrease with the increase of the content of copper. But the effect of the content of irregular copper powder on the wear of the composites was not so obvious. The friction coefficients and wear depths of the composites increase with the decrease of the Cu size. The increase amplitudes in friction coefficients and wear depths of the spherical Cu filled composites are smaller than those of the irregular Cu filled composites.


Al-afrād are Qur'anic words which always carry their original meaning in the language, departing from such meanings in only one situation where they take on another specific meaning. The first scholar to address the subject of al-afrād was Muqātil b. Sulaymān, whose comments on this phenomenon are interspersed throughout his tafsīr. Abū'l-Ḥusayn al-Malaṭī cited a number of these in his al-Tanbīh wa'l-radd ʿalā ahl al-ahwāʾ wa'l-bidʿ, while Aḥmad b. Fāris composed a muṣannaf entitled al-Afrād, which likewise benefits from Muqātil's work and in which he dealt with 34 of these terms. Al-Zarkashī quoted al-Afrād in its entirety in his al-Burhān fī ʿulūm al-Qurʾān, and added a further ten terms of his own. In his al-Itqān fī ʿulūm al-Qurʾān Jalāl al-Dīn al-Suyūṭī also quoted Ibn Fāris' list, as well as the majority of those mentioned by al-Zarkashī, to which he adds another four words. These observations form the starting point of this study. The introduction reviews Uri Rubin's choice of words in his Hebrew t...


This report presents the results of an experimental program which was conducted to evaluate a linear rate field display. Various display formats are investigated. The status display configurations are compared with a flight director configuration whose design is briefly described and based on modern manual control theory. The experimental results reveal that the flight director configuration is superior to the status display configuration both in terms of system performance and pilot workload. Furthermore, it is apparent from the results, that rate information is useful for the task considered. When provided by means of a moire pattern this information can be derived peripherally which is important for high visual input load situations. The use of a secondary workload task is demonstrated and modifications are suggested.


Introduction: Cervical hyperextension is rarely seen, there has been a paucity of data on the association of this condition in the published literature. The current case is even rarer, because it presented not only a cervical hyperextension but also a scoliotic curve involving C1-T5. Materials and methods: This article presents a case of cervical hyperextension and scoliosis in a 19-year-old patient with EmeryDreyfus muscular dystrophy who underwent surgical correction using navigated pedicle screw placement. The Patient was followed for 2 years. A thorough review of the literature was conducted using the Medline database between 1988 and 2014. Results: The time consumption for the surgery was 320 min. Blood loss was 600 ml, which was collected by cell saver. No surgical complications occurred. Both the cervical hyperextension and scoliosis were significantly corrected. The scoliotic curve was corrected from 35.0° to 6.2°, and the hyperextension was corrected from 56.6° to 24.5°. After surgery, the patient's trunk had been well balanced on both frontal and sagittal view. And he was able to walk in an upright position with looking straight ahead on his own accord. Conclusions: Cervical deformity associated with muscular dystrophy is rare. The rigid and significantly increased cervical lordosis often forces the patients to bend their trunk forward and assume awkward compensating postures in order to look straight ahead, worsening significantly their quality of life. Posterior cervical muscle release and instrumented fusion are effective for correcting such deformities. The selection of candidates for surgery depends mainly on the type of myopathy and cardiorespiratory function. Preoperative CT scans of patients should be thoroughly analyzed and close attention paid to the pedicle diameter.


Sketch from the scrapbook of Sarah E.E. Mitchell of Lisdillon on the East Coast of Tasmania 1875.

Sketch 56 taken 1875, by Catherine Mitchell.

We boated to Little Swanport River Minnie Giblin, Kate, Amy & self, Hamilton Radcliffe, & Mark S.M.. They two went looking for cockles grubbing them with their fingers but the tide rose & it was muddy. They tossed a coin, which should carry the other, Hamilton R., started with Mark on his back & could hardly carry him, & tottered several times before landing him in the boat. Mark used to say, "was it as bad as cockle hunting!!"

The sketches by Catherine Penwarne (Kate), eldest daughter of John and Catherine Mitchell (of Cornwall, England, who settled at Lisdillon, East Coast Tasmania in 1852) were made between 1860 and 1876, and portray aspects of 19th Century social and domestic life. Catherine's sketches were compiled by her sister Sarah. E.E.Mitchell. Derived from her own collection, from those of friends and relations, and from John Ball, Kate's husband, they were compiled sometime between 1928 and 1933. The sketches are mounted in an album, together with: locks of Kate's hair on red silk; a pressed fern arrangement; a coloured photograph of John and Catherine Ball; and coloured views of Buckland Churchyard in 1850, showing the grave of Paul Thomas Mitchell, aged 3 days, and in 1879 showing the grave of Catherine Penwarne Ball. The scrapbook was bequeathed to The Royal Society of Tasmania in 1946.
RS 32/4


compares tim- ing on the order of microseconds of sensory feedback from its high-frequency (-400 Hz) electric organ discharges (EODs) received at different parts of its body surfaces. This capability is essential for and demonstrated by the jamming avoidance response (JAR). The organization of the timing comparison mechanisms was identified in the electrosensory lateral line lobe (ELL) in the hindbrain by field potential, extra- and intra- cellular recordings, and intracellular labeling with biotinylated agents. Timing or phase of the EOD feedback is carried by action potentials of S-type primary afferent fibers that project to the inner cellular layer (ICL) of the medial zone of the ELL and to the giant neurons in the ELL. The giant neurons bilaterally project to the ICL, where neurons sensitive to phase differences between different parts of the body occur. Although sensitive to dynamic phase changes of several microseconds, these differential- phase-sensitive neurons showed adaptation to steady-state changes of phase difference over a wide range (greater than -cl00 psec) and continued to respond to small modulations after the mean difference was shifted. Gymnarchus and an independently evolved South American electric fish, figenmannia, exhibit nearly identical JARS and share a rather complex but identical set of computational algo- rithms for JAR. This study showed that one of the computa- tional steps, the timing comparison between body surfaces, occurs in the hindbrain in


Numerous processes in cells can be traced by using fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) between two fluorescent proteins. The novel FRET pair including the red fluorescent protein TagRFP and kindling fluorescent protein KFP for sensing caspase‐3 activity is developed. The lifetime mode of FRET measurements with a nonfluorescent protein KFP as an acceptor is used to minimize crosstalk due to its direct excitation. The red fluorescence is characterized by a better penetrability through the tissues and minimizes the cell autofluorescence signal. The effective transfection and expression of the FRET sensor in eukaryotic cells is shown by FLIM. The induction of apoptosis by camptothecine increases the fluorescence lifetime, which means effective cleavage of the FRET sensor by caspase‐3. The instruments for detecting whole‐body fluorescent lifetime imaging are described. Experiments on animals show distinct fluorescence lifetimes for the red fluorescent proteins possessing similar spectral properties. (© 2010 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)


Purpose – To examine the nature of Chinese business negotiating style in Sino‐Western business negotiations in business‐to‐business markets involving large industrial projects from a social cultural point of view.Design/methodology/approach – A conceptual approach developed from personal interviews.Findings – This study reveals that the Chinese negotiator does not possess an absolute negotiating style but rather embraces a mixture of different roles together: "Maoist bureaucrat in learning", "Confucian gentleman", and "Sun Tzu‐like strategist". The Chinese negotiating strategy is essentially a combination of cooperation and competition (termed as the "coop‐comp" negotiation strategy in this study). Trust is the ultimate indicator of Chinese negotiating propensities and role choices.Research limitations/implications – The focus of this study is on Chinese negotiating style shown in large B2B negotiations with Chinese SOEs.Originality/value – Differing from most other studies on Chinese negotiating style wh...


The Early Attack Reaction Sensor (EARS) is a modified passive acoustic system that detects gunshots (muzzle blast and/or shockwave) to provide the user with relative azimuth and range of sniper fire via both audio alert and visual display. The EARS system consists of a microphone array in a small planar configuration and an equivalently sized Digital Signal Processing board, which is interfaced to a PDA via a PCMCIA slot. Hence, configuration easily provides portability. However, the system is being repackaged for man-wearable and vehicle mount applications. The EARS system in a PDA configuration has been tested in open fields at up to 500 meters range and has provided useable bearing and range information against the sniper rounds. This paper will discuss EARS system description, various test results, and EARS system capabilities and limitations.


Summary
1We examined the empirical relationship between predator–prey body size ratio and interaction strength in the Ythan Estuary food web.
2We have refined a previously published version of the food web and explored how size-based predatory effects might affect food web dynamics. To do so, we used four predatory species Crangon crangon (Linnaeus), Carcinus maenas (Linnaeus), Pomatoschistus microps (Kroyer) and Platichthys flesus (Linnaeus) and one common prey species Corophium volutator (Pallas) from the food web.
3All predators and prey were sorted into small, medium and large size classes and placed into mesocosms in all possible pairwise combinations of size and species identity to determine per capita effects of predators on prey (aij).
4Using Lotka–Volterra dynamics the empirical body size relationships obtained from these experiments and other relationships already available for the Ythan Estuary, we parameterized a food web model for this system. The local stability properties of the resulting food web models were then determined.
5We found that by choosing interaction strengths using an empirically defined scaling law, the resulting food web models are always dynamically stable, despite the residual uncertainties in the modelling approach. This contrasts with the statistical expectation that random webs with random parameters have a vanishingly improbable chance of stability.
6The patterning of predator and prey body sizes in real ecosystems affects the arrangement of interaction strengths, which in turn determines food web stability.


A permanent, non-leaching antibacterial finish for cotton textile fabric was prepared by a sol-gel process using quaternary ammonium-modified triethoxysilane. The transparent coating was investigated against Staphylococcus aureus (Gram positive) and Escherichia coli (Gram negative) bacterial strains. A rapid decrease in bacterial count was observed within 48 h. The correlation between concentration of modified silane and antibacterial activity was studied. It was observed that this treatment had no significant effect on textile strength, stiffness, crease recovery angle, and whiteness index of the fabric. The coating demonstrated very good washing fastness with no significant decrease in antibacterial properties even after 15 lab washing cycles.


In this paper, we consider the factors that affect a conversion loss performance in designing a single balanced diode mixer integrated with IRF(Image Reject Filter), based on the embedded electrical wavelength placed between the IRF and mixer, diode matching and LO drive amplifier. To evaluate the conversion loss performance, we suggest two types of a single balanced mixer using 90 degree branch line coupler, microstrip line and schottky diode. One is only mixer and the other is integrated with IRF and LO drive amplifier. The measured results of a single balance diode mixer integrated IRF show the conversion loss of 8.5 dB and the flatness of 1 dB p-p from 21.2 GHz to 22.6 GHz with 10 dBm LO. The measured input PI dB and IIP3 are 7 dBm and 15 dBm respectively under the nominal LO power level of 10dBm. The LO/RF and LO/IF isolation are 22 dB and 50 dB, respectively.


A new gloss sensing system is proposed. A spatial filter G representing the human retina function is utilized for the extraction of glossiness. The light intensity distribution h/sub in/ of the object is convoluted with the spatial filter G. In this study, the filter's size of G increases with the light intensity of the object. Using the maximum value H/sub max/ of the distribution obtained by the convolution of h/sub in/ with G, the authors give a new definition G/sub f/ of glossiness. New glossiness G/sub f/ extracted from the various objects with the radii of 4/spl simspl infin/ mm corresponds well with psychological glossiness over the wide gloss range.<<ETX>>


This commentary cannot pretend to synthesise a conference such as this: the quantity and range of the papers defy summary. So, the following comments touch on some of the themes that recur in ecological economics and which were evident at ISEE2000. My perspective is one of tangential engagement with ecological economics since its formal inception a little over a decade ago, and from my main preoccupations with policy and institutional dimensions of sustainability, natural resource management, and environmental history. I will touch on three areas relevant to an academic perspective: research directions; connections with policy; and education. The coverage of these is limited to just a few aspects of each that strike me as interesting or important.


An intensive stretch-shortening cycle (SSC)-type exercise is known to lead to reversible muscle damage, associated to inflammatory and pain processes, which may be at the origin of neuromuscular adjustments. At a proprioceptive level, the present work demonstrates that the regeneration period is associated to alterations of the sense of position and movement. At a motor level, we have shown that while systematic inhibitions are observed in maximal motor tasks, both inhibition and facilitation may be observed in sub-maximal tasks. Moreover, the neuromuscular fatigue effects may be adjusted depending on the SSC phases. No contralateral neural adjustments have been observed when tested in maximal intermittent tasks. However, contralateral adjustments may occur when the task requires a retroactive-control and anticipatory strategies. The present work demonstrates that muscle proprioception plays a major role in the neuromuscular adjustments resulting from SSC-type muscle fatigue.


PURPOSE
To determine the frequency of medical problem detection during supervised cardiac rehabilitation exercise, and to assess its impact on patient care alteration.

METHODS
Six hundred sixty-six cardiac participants (388 in Phase II and 278 in Phase III) were studied during a 1-year period (1989-1990). The supervisory staff recorded all phone calls made to referring physicians regarding individual patient problems identified during exercise sessions including subsequent alteration in patient care.

RESULTS
Overall, 112 of 666 (17%) of the patients had problems detected that prompted calls to referring physicians. There was 0.009 call per patient exercise hour, compared to 0.002 call per patient exercise hour in the Phase II and Phase III patients, respectively, P = .0001. Although Phase II patients had a higher uncorrected arrhythmia call frequency compared to the Phase III patients, arrhythmia call frequency was higher in Phase III patients, when corrected for the number of monitored exercise hours (P = .02). Fifty-five percent of calls resulted in patient care alteration, and telemetry-related calls and nontelemetry-related calls resulted in a similar proportion of patient care alteration. Overall, 11% (73 of 666) of patients had alteration of their care, of which 4% (24 of 666) resulted from telemetry-related calls. Clinical variables between the patients with calls versus the patients with no calls demonstrated that the call group were older, and had a more frequent history of hypertension.

CONCLUSION
Medically supervised cardiac rehabilitation with and without telemetry monitoring detects problems that lead to alteration in medical care. Older patients have more problems detected. Medical problem detection may contribute to the beneficial impact of cardiac rehabilitation observed in randomized trials.


This paper reviews a content analysis of papers published in the Journal of Sustainable Tourism, the only journal exclusively devoted to sustainable tourism research over the past 15 years (1993–2007). Based on a detailed examination of the contents, a database was developed which consists of information about (1) volume/number/year; (2) study areas; (3) forms of tourism; (4) subject themes; (5) research perspectives; (6) concept and measurement and (7) methodology. A series of trends describing the growth of sustainable tourism research has been identified. The findings present the journal's contribution to theoretical debates, methodological sophistication and practical implications in sustainable tourism development. Future directions for sustainable tourism research are also discussed.


Viral DNA in the blood was measured by molecular hybridization in 210 patients with acute hepatitis B (HB) running mildly. It was established that the disease chronicity may be predicted by dynamic control of HBV DNA content. Relevant algorithm has been derived. Early detection of the chronicity threat was of great importance for early start of preventive etiotropic antiviral therapy.


Osmotic dehydration of orange slices (cv. Valencia Late), by applying a vacuum pulse at mild temperature (30C), and by using different concentrations (35–65°Brix) and two kinds of osmotic agents (sucrose and glucose), was studied in order to obtain stable minimally processed orange slices. Optimal processing conditions were established by modeling process kinetics from compositional changes of the fruit liquid phase related with the product stability, and taking into account the two slice fractions (pulp and peel).

Tissue structure, and the kind and concentration of osmotic agent influenced the process kinetics. Faster mass transport was observed in the most porous fraction (peel) and at low osmotic solution concentrations. These results allowed us to define the optimal conditions for ensuring the stability of processed orange slices as 25 min of osmotic treatment in a 45°Brix sucrose solution. Results lead to establish a product shelf life of 13 days, a storage time that almost completely preserves the main quality properties (color, vitamin C and respiration rate) and the product microbial stability.

PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS

This study is a practical and useful guide for the development of new citrus-based minimally processed (MP) products, which are not only economically viable, but also microbiologically stable and of a high nutritional and physicochemical quality. The proposed process combines vacuum impregnation pretreatments and osmodehydration methods in order to achieve a fast and slight sugar gain in MP orange slices, thus minimizing the requirements of thermal treatments and the addition of chemical preservatives. What is more, this gain of sugars improves the preservation conditions and the sensory properties of the orange peel in the final product, and allows us to take advantage of the interesting health benefits and high nutritional value of the peel fraction.


This study presents the study of strain signals behavior. In this study, the strain signal of helical spring at different value of excitations is used to study the signals behavior. When a vehicle was driven on any road surfaces, the significant load is transmitted to the helical spring to absorb loads. The load values were varied according to the type of the road surfaces. The signals were analyzed by statistical analysis and frequency-time domain. Signals are classified based on the value of the statistical parameter. The signals are used to predict fatigue damage of the helical spring. From the result obtained, the unpaved road signals consist of higher peak shocks. It exhibited higher statistical value compared to the signals obtained from university road and highway. These feature increased the fatigue damage potential of the helical spring. The finite element analysis of helical spring was performed by MSC Nastran with Patran software. The finite element model was analysed using the linear elastic stress. Finally, the result obtained and signals are employed to test the fatigue damage of helical spring. Strain-life model which are Coffin-Manson, SWT and Morrow model are used to predict the fatigue damage of helical spring. The obtained result indicated that unpaved road has the highest fatigue damage followed by university road and highway.


Antibiotics are commonly used to treat infectious diseases not only in humans, but also in animals. As a result of the use of antibiotics in food animals, however, the presence of residues of these drugs in animal tissues is inevitable and poses a potential threat to public health. In order to protect the public health, it is necessary to ensure compliance with maximum residue limits, which are stipulated for each product, and to screen for residues of veterinary drugs in animal products. Screening for residues of veterinary drugs in animal products was introduced in practice soon after the introduction of the antibiotic treatment of infectious diseases in animals. Microbial inhibition tests (MITs) are now commonly used in practice and are the first choice in the context of the monitoring of antibiotic residues in animal products. They are based on inhibition of the growth of bacterial strains in the presence of an inhibitory substance. The Nouws Antibiotic Test (NAT) is, in principle, consistent with other MITs and represents an alternative to the MITs currently used for the detection of residues of antibiotics in the tissues of food-producing animals. Antibiotics, residues, NAT, food producing animals


A mobile communication system includes a one way communication system in which a wide area base station 102 forms a wide area 101 for one way communication to a mobile station 105A, and a two way communication system having a cellular service area 103 formed by cell base stations 104 for two way communication with the mobile. A system controller 109 selects the one way or two way system to transfer data to a mobile. When a mobile is in the wide area and cellular area, its two way transceiver circuitry is powered down. A start-up signal sent through the one way system powers up the two way transceiver circuitry for reception of the data through two way system. When the mobile determines it is outside the wide area 101 but in the cellular area the data is transmitted through the two way system without a start-up signal. When the mobile is in the wide area but outside the cellular area the data is transmitted through the one way system to the mobile. A mobile can check if there is data stored in a storage device 110, addressed to it. The system controller may decide which system to use based on signal strength measurements (RSSI) made by the mobile.


Caloglossa was first used as a generic name in the binomial Caloglossa hookeri Harv. (in Hook. f. & Harv. in London J. Bot. 4: 270. 1845), published without a description. In a later article by Hooker & Harvey (London J. Bot. 4: 542.1845) Caloglossa was mentioned as a genus proposed by Harvey in manuscript to accommodate Delesseria leprieurii Mont., but subsequently abandoned. J. Agardh (Sp. Alg. 2: 680, 682. 1852) published Caloglossa as the epithet of the name of a taxon of unspecified rank within the genus Delesseria, but without giving Harvey explicit credit. Harvey (l.c.) published Caloglossa as a subgenus of Delesseria, with a description based on D. leprieurii, the only species known at that time. The elevation of this subgenus to generic rank was traditionally accredited to J. Agardh (Sp. Alg. 3(1): 498. 1876) until Silva & al. (Univ. Calif. Publ. Bot. 79: 449. 1996) pointed out that Martens (l.c.) should receive the credit. Caloglossa is a member of Delesseriaceae. In tropical and subtropical regions, Caloglossa most often grows on trunks, prop roots, and pneumatophores of mangroves in association with two other red algal genera, Bostrychia (Rhodomelaceae) and Catenella (Caulacanthaceae). This association (Bostrychietum) was the subject of detailed studies by the late Erika Post during the period 1936-1968. In temperate regions, Caloglossa most often grows on the basal parts of salt marsh plants, but it may also grow on rocks. Although usually found in fully marine or brackish habitats, it may penetrate estuaries into the fresh water of rivers. The most recent monograph of Caloglossa is that by King & Puttock (Austral. Syst. Bot. 7: 89-124. 1994), who recognized eight species. Apiarium is a generic name that has never been indexed or otherwise cited. It was published with a description by Charles Ferson Durant (1805-1873) in a rare book titled "Algae and Corallines of the Bay & Harbor of New York, Illustrated with Natural Types" (New York: George P. Putnam, 1850). Durant was a gentleman of unknown occupation who resided in Jersey City, New Jersey, across from the lower end of Manhattan at the point where the Hudson River empties into Upper New York Bay. He diligently searched the shores near his home, collecting as many different kinds of seaweeds and zoophytes as he could find. The resulting specimens were then mounted on unnumbered pages appended to 43 pages of elaborately printed letterpress. The book is bound in heavy boards covered by red leather, with an intricate design imprinted in gold. Durant gave each species a number, not differentiating between various collecting sites or dates. The numbers run from 1 through 293 with many gaps since only 123 taxa are treated. Durant did not explain either his system of numbering or the taxonomic scheme that he was following. He mentioned Agardh, Greville, and Harvey, suggesting that he was guided by C. Agardh's "Species Algarum" (1820-1828), Greville's "Algae Britannicae" (1830), and Harvey's "Manual of the British Marine Algae" (1849) and early volumes of "Phycologia Britannica" (1846-1850). Each of the 50 copies that Durant prepared included specimens representing all or nearly all accepted species. Some copies were inscribed by Durant and sent to correspondents while others were for sale in Putnam's bookstore at an astounding price of $100. The residuum of specimens found its way to the New York Botanical Garden by some unknown path, possibly as a gift from Durant's daughter Emma, who upon request donated a copy of her father's book to the Staten Island Association of Arts and Sciences in 1915. The rarity and quaintness of this book has evoked two notes, one by Hollick (Proc.


ABSTRACT This study intends to analyze the achievement of Islamic banking financial differences using the EVA method at Bank Muamalat and Bank BRI Syariah period of 2015-2018. The research subjects in this study were Bank Muamalat and Bank BRI Syariah the period 2015 - 2018. This research without using hypothesis testing because this research is classified as evaluation research. The researcher used the documentation research method in the form of a Bank Publication Financial Report issued by Bank Muamalat and Bank BRI Syariah 2015 - 2018 period. Financial statements are analyzed for each bank's financial performance using the EVA method to determine the differences in the financial performance of. Bank Muamalat and Bank BRI Syariah. the period 2015 - 2018. Analysis of the data in this study is a qualitative description by processing data into a graph then compared through a description approach, from the results of the calculation of EVA Bank Muamalat and Bank BRI Syariah the period 2015 - 2018. From the analysis of the data obtained the results of the study show that there are significant differences between the financial performance of pure Islamic banks and mixed Islamic banks using the EVA method. Keywords : financial performance, Islamic banks, and EVA methods.


The title of this paper provides almost unlimited latitude for discussions of the contributions, or lack thereof, of the scientists engaged in the application of a body of knowledge commonly referred to as agricultural economics. Because a complete review of the field of agricultural economics would exceed the scope of a paper, this discussion will be oriented to selected issues. The issues discussed are related primarily to empirical analyses. Selected definitions are used to provide a basis for the arguments presented.


This review highlights the need for continuous monitoring devices (CGM) in comparison with the self-monitoring of blood glucose (SMBG), with a little focus on various marketed CGM devices. It provides significant attention to the latest generations of glucose biosensors and enzymatic glucose bio sensing. The advantages and limitations of various physiological samples for continuous glucose monitoring are discussed. Also, discussed are the use of semipermeable membranes to improve the biosensor's sensitivity and selectivity while retaining its stability.


A system of electrolyte conductivity measurement has been designed and realized using microcontroller AT89C51. The system run at the frequency 2.5 Mhz. The adventage of the system is conductivity sensor placed outside the sample liquid. The input of system is NaCl concentration  and the output is conductivity value.The hardware of this system is built by a conductivity sensor, oscillator      XR-2206, a frequency synthesizer IC CMOS 4046, an operational amplifier LM358, an analog to digital converter ADC 0804, a liquid crystal display Seiko M1632, and a microcontroller AT89C51. To control this electrolyte liquid conductivity measurement was used macro assembler machine language.The results of the experiment show that the test of variable oscillator function has linear regression equation Y = 0.56 X + 1.96, amplification of LM358 amplifier test is 3.39 and has linear regression equation Y = 3.28 X + 0.05, ADC0804 conversion function has linear regression equation Y = 51.29 X + 9.97. The test of measurement system was sown that instrument able to measure NaCl conductivity from 0.2 M until  2.0 M with linear regression equation  Y =  67,63x + 6,37.


Cyclic economy is a new economic model for sustainable development,developing cyclic economy is the trend in the world today.Although China's economy has maintained rapid growth,it has faced severe resource constraints and environmental pressures.We must be fully aware of the importance and urgency of our development of cyclic economy.Developing cyclic economy is the social responsibilities of our enterprises.


We studied the survival of Saccharomyces cerevisiae cells after cryopreservation in different concentrations of glycerol. We wanted to determine which concentration of glycerol would be most protective against very cold temperatures. The concentration of glycerol varied from 0%, 5%, and 40%. Counts were done after cryopreservation for one week at -84 oC to observe the percentage of dead yeast cells. Then we used hemocytometers to count the number of cells per mL. Upon data analysis, we found that immediately after thawing, the cell count per mL did not show any significant difference. However, after a 17-hour recovery period, the 0 and 40% glycerol treatments showed significantly different cell counts. We also looked at the percentage of dead cells after thawing, 1 hour, and 17 hours. Although not significant, the overall trend was that there were more dead cells when glycerol concentration was low. At 40% glycerol, the percentage of dead cells was below 3% for all treatments. The fewest cells died in 40% glycerol, however the yeast with no glycerol in its medium had more cells per mL after 17 hours.


This clear and organized workbook serves as a supplement to the second edition of Practical Statistics for Educators. Chapter exercises in the workbook correspond to chapters in the textbook. This workbook contains many levels of questions, from knowledge/recall, to understanding, to application and, finally to analysis. The exercises are in a wide variety of formats, including completion, multiple-choice, short answers, and computation. Answers, often with detailed explanations, are provided at the end of each chapter, allowing students to more easily check their responses and ascertain their level of understanding. This workbook will undoubtedly help students increase their understanding of and apply what they have learned in Practical Statistics For Educators. Ravid's workbook is a practical and easy-to-use supplement to an already popular text!


Previous studies have suggested that heterosexual women, but not heterosexual men, find same sex beauty rewarding. This finding has been attributed to a "greater bisexual interest among heterosexual women", but no other explanations have been offered or tested. The current study aimed to explore social comparison tendencies as a potential alternate explanation to this previously observed finding. Twenty-three heterosexual women completed a series of questionnaires designed to assess their social comparison tendencies (the social comparison orientation scale, the physical appearance comparison scale, and the intrasexual competition scale). They also completed a "pay-per-view" keypress task to measure the reward value of attractive female faces. The previous finding, that same-sex beauty holds reward value for heterosexual females, was replicated in the current work. However, none of the social comparison tendencies measured were found to predict the reward value of same-sex beauty. These results do not support the hypothesis that social comparison tendencies may, at least in part, explain the reward value of same-sex beauty among heterosexual women. However, due to the small sample size these results should be interpreted somewhat cautiously.


The time-variant nature of the Wireless Body Area Networks (WBANs) channels turns unclear if the application's Quality of Service (QoS) requirements can be guaranteed. This paper provides an on-body signal propagation statistical characterization, following a scenario-based approach, and a communication performance evaluation of several wearable devices, which are attached to a Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) garment. Performance assessment, which relies on both Packet Error Rate (PER) test and Link Margin (LM)-based evaluation, identifies channels that do not meet QoS requirements. The analysis of the received power attenuation in real scenarios and channel time-dependencies features, achieved in channel characterization, identifies links that are subjected to poor on-body propagation conditions. This study shows that some channels meet the QoS requirements, but communications are not energy-efficient. Thus, solutions able to explore the channel time-dependencies are suggested in order to reduce the energy consumption on wireless communications, without sacrificing other requirements.


The field of soft computing embraces several techniques that have been inspired by nature but are mathematical. These techniques are artificial neural networks, fuzzy logic and evolutionary algorithms. Often these techniques are considered part of artificial intelligence, however the name artificial intelligence is more properly given to techniques which try to capture and emulate biological intelligence, such as expert systems and thinking computers. This paper focuses on the technology transfer issues and solutions when using soft computing for off line control of manufacturing processes. This paper will discuss each of these three techniques – neural networks, fuzzy logic and evolutionary algorithms in turn and how they might be used in manufacturing. The kind of problems these techniques are best suited for will be defined, and competing techniques will be compared and contrasted.


The scholars of Nanchao period make use of the form of practical writing such as("qianziwen",) commentaries on ancient texts to create works,Which are full of fun.Reading loudly is the main method to transmit the works,with harmonious rhythem in literary style.They belong to the field of Vulgar Fu.


Neural tube defect is rare congenital defect of fetus. I have a case of 13 weeks period of gestation with meningomeyelocele came for termination of pregnancy. The diagnosis was confirmed by ultrasonography. History suggests that patient had previous neural tube defect baby, non-compliance to folic acid supplements. It is concluded that prenatal counseling, adherence to folic acid supplement and regular follow-up can prevent further complication.


A number of conventional interpolation techniques have been proposed. However, it seems that there do not exist good criteria for the design of optimal linear interpolators. Also, such an interpolator can hardly provide a satisfactory solution for interpolating noisy images. In this paper, the novelty of this research is that a universal approach is proposed to design an image interpolator with any one image smoothing filter, thereby not only interpolating a down-sampled image but also preserving the characteristics of the performing filtering.


The construction and operation of buildings is a major contributor to global energy demand, greenhouse gases emissions, resource depletion, waste generation, and associated environmental effects, such as climate change, pollution and habitat destruction. Despite its wide relevance, research on building-related environmental effects often fails to achieve global visibility and attention, particularly in premiere interdisciplinary journals – thus representing a major gap in the research these journals offer. In this article we review and reflect on the factors that are likely causing this lack of visibility for such a prominent research topic and emphasise the need to reconcile the construction and operational phases into the physical unity of a building, to contribute to the global environmental discourse using a lifecycle-based approach. This article also aims to act as a call for action and to raise awareness of this important gap. The evidence contained in the article can support institutional policies to improve the status quo and provide a practical help to researchers in the field to bring their work to wide interdisciplinary audiences.


Abstract In this study, zinc-62 was prepared at radiopharmaceutical grade (for 62Zn/62Cu generator production) using natCu(p, xn) reaction with the production yield of 5.9 mCi/μAh at 30 MeV proton energy (radiochemical separation yield >95%, radionuclidic purity >99% and radiochemical purity >99%). In the next step, rituximab was successively labeled with [62Zn]-ZnCl2 after conjugation with p-SCN-Bz-DOTA followed by molecular filtration and determination of the average number of DOTA conjugated per mAb (6:1) by spectrophotometric method. Radiochemical purity (>97%, measured by ITLC and HPLC), integrity of protein after radiolabeling (gel electrophoresis) and stability of [62Zn]-DOTA-rituximab (in final formulation, and human serum) were determined 1–8 h as well as biodistribution studies in wild-type rats followed by coincidence imaging for 6 h. However, the accumulation of the radiolabeled antibody was not consistent with the former reported rituximab conjugates. [62Zn]-labeled monoclonal antibodies and fragments can be prepared as potential in vivo PET generators for molecular imaging however, the search for application of stable zinc complexes must be continued.