Expression sequences of human lactoferrin(LF) and internal ribozyme entry site(IRES) are successfully connected by double enzyme digestion and directed cloning,and recombination plasmid pIL is constructed.Mammary gland specific expression plasmid pEBHIL of human lysozyme and human LF is constructed by BamH I restrictive enzyme digestion.Plasmid pEBHIL is introduced to cow mammary gland epithelial cells after liposome transfection.Positive cells are determined by G418 and PCR,after EGFP expression observed by fluorescent microscope,and proliferated and induced by hormone.The results of Western Blotting analysis on cell supernatant show that transfected cells have expressed and secreted human lysozyme(mw 14.7 kD) and human LTF(mw 40 kD).


When talking about the European economic context an attempt to equilibrate the gap between countries can be noticed. Through different projects, financed by the European Commission, the disparities between Western and Eastern Europe, in the entrepreneurial environment, are trying to be reduced. The aim of this article is to serve as model case that illustrates the intercultural partnership between Finland, Hungary and Romania in order to develop workplace innovation in Eastern Europe. The focus of this paper is to present a detailed descriptive analysis of the various practical issues that are related to effective implementation of workplace innovations in Romania and the adaptability of the Finnish model to the Romanian context. Special emphasize will be put on the pedagogical methods used by the innovation deliverer, the Finnish partner.


'Speak truth and follow values' (Satyam Vadah, Dharmam Charh) is a key teaching for mankind since ages. Value based culture was the main reason behind the prosperous ancient Indian society. On the contrary, we have adopted a path where every action is right if it leads to fulfil our immediate goals. Over the centuries, several management theories have been evolved and practiced to attain excellence and sustainable growth. While these management theories were found most suitable in a given environment, the same theory could not give expected results in a different environment. It led to development of another theory to overcome the shortcomings of previous ones. The present paper examines the current management practices to attain corporate competitiveness and growth. Today, implementation of Business Excellence Models (BEMs) is being considered to be the best way to attain excellence. However, in the comparative study of the BEMs vis-a-vis Vedic philosophy, author observed certain gaps and empirically examined how to fill these gaps. It was found that respondents from across the continents felt that Value driven business practices are the key to enhance competitiveness and attain sustainability. The paper concludes that integration of business practices with universal laws of Nature and evolution of a 'Global Common Vision' by corporate leadership will lead to tremendous growth of the business, immense benefits and prosperity for all stakeholders. It will make the world a happier, healthier and prosperous place to live.


This study focuses on climate-related financial risks as a governance issue, which drives our attention to the quality of stakeholders' interactions. The theoretical approach is undertaken through the institutional literature lens, along with the works of Rawls (1971, 2001) and Sen (1992, 2000, 2009), and contributions from the conceptions of co-creation and inclusive development. The applied analysis is carried out by connecting climate change to financial risks under a scenario of uncertainty (Bolton, Despres, Pereira da Silva, Samama, & Svartzman, 2020; TCFD, 2017; Daniel, Litterman, & Wagner, 2019; Carney, 2016; Maier et al., 2016; NGFS, 2018, 2019). The core objective of this study is to present a public policy proposal that aims to support effective international climate-related agreements, from a procedural perspective. To this end, we start by presenting an institution, which is broken down into three propositions. This process enables us to undertake a critical analysis from a technical and normative standpoint. The latter is based on Bush (1987). The main contribution of this study is the rationale underlying that the best set of policies to face climate change issues is that representing agents' strong engagement and commitment. Finally, although the applied analysis focuses on climate change issues, the discussion conducted here can be reproduced in other areas.


Exposure parameters are the key to quantitative calculation of the health risk assessment.In this study,we have collected the data of 1 559 selected subjects from urban and rural districts in Fuzhou by using questionnaires.The research results indicate that:the average total drinking water intake rates in winter and summer are 2.385 L·d-1and 2.649 L·d-1,respectively.The average drinking water intake rate in summer is higher than winter which leads to a deviation of10.1% ~ 12.2%.In addition,the average total drinking water intake rate of urban districts is higher than rural districts at about 3.9%.Although the drinking water intake rate in Fuzhou is lower than northern China,yet it is higher than America and Japan.The dosage of skin exposure in shower and wash are 2.80 × 10-3× Pρi·ρiand 5.55 × 10-2× Pρi·ρi,respectively.The degree skin exposure of female is higher than male by 25.6% in shower and 67.1% in wash.Female residents need to pay more attention to water drinking and using.


According to a report of the World Economic Forum, there will be more plastic in the world's oceans by 2050 than fish. The plastics industry has grown from 15 million tons in the 1960s to 311 million tons in 2014 and it is expected to triple by 2050. Today, plastic amounts to 80 % of all ocean debris. While the prevention of waste pollution of the marine environment is ensured by several legal documents on international, regional and national levels, the effectiveness of such initiatives is still not clear. For the present, there is no convention directly dedicated to solving the problem of marine plastic pollution, and no unified mechanisms to regulate and control its spread. Taking into account that marine pollution stems both from land-based and sea-based sourcTHE PROBLEMS OF LEGAL ADJUSTING OF QUESTIONS OF WASTE MANAGEMENT IN UKRAINE


Abstract Microwave spectra of the trans-cis isomer of ethyl vinyl ether and its nine deuterated species were measured. A plausible molecular structure was obtained from the observed moments of inertia by an application of a diagnostic least-squares technique. The dipole moment and its direction were determined by the Stark effect measurements of several low J transitions for the normal and two deuterated species.


A purchasing cost model is a tool used to facilitate decision-making for selection, evaluation and development of suppliers. The model consists of a set of cost components, which at the bottom line constitute a total cost for a certain purchase. Different models cover different areas of purchasing, but in general the transaction of a purchase is central and then additional areas such as supplier market research and production quality can be incorporated among others. Present academic literature within the field of purchasing, cost management and strategic management accounting describe multiple purchasing cost models with diverse focus. However, we identified that the contextual aspects affecting the use of such a model have not been sufficiently described in today's journal articles. Thus, this became the main focus of our research. In addition, our aim was to describe the benefits & drawbacks of each model studied as well as the application areas in which they could potentially serve. In order to accomplish this, we initiated an interview study consisting of the companies IKEA, Lantmannen, Siemens Turbomachinery, TeleCompany (Anonymous) and Volvo Cars. The contextual aspects, which drive and enhance the output of purchasing cost models, are industry competitiveness, cost-driven culture, supplier relation strategies, availability of data & enabling software, cross-functional orientation, organisational structure and company size. With inspiration from the literature review as well as the interview study, a model that fits the corporate environment at Tetra Pak Packaging Solutions CC&SPM was developed. Given their intermediate degree of purchasing sophistication, an extended Landed cost model was chosen. As recommended, the model should serve as a communicative tool, facilitating the collaboration with suppliers in order to find mutual cost reductions. However, in order to successfully manage the purchasing cost model, purchasing at Tetra Pak is recommended to work more cross-functionally. Our research will hopefully contribute with valuable insights, both for Tetra Pak Packaging Solutions and also to the academic world. If the model becomes fully incorporated, Tetra Pak Packaging Solutions will get a broader view of purchasing costs, which will facilitate collaboration with suppliers and assisting them in reaching the cost targets through transparency. To academics, the research possesses a thorough study of purchasing cost models and the contextual aspects related to these. Given the structure of our report and the valuable insights from the five case companies, our work can preferably be applied when developing a similar purchasing cost model at other companies, dealing with similar issues as Tetra Pak. Finally, the academic findings themselves can be used for educational purposes. (Less)


Concrete has been used for many years as a composite material that has excellent mechanical properties and durability for construction. However, concrete is a poor electrical conductor, especially under dry conditions. Concrete that is excellent in both mechanical and electrical conductivity properties may have important applications in the electrical, electronic, military and construction industry(e.g. for de-icing road from snow). The purpose of this investigation is to improve the electrical conductive of cement mortar preparared with coke dust, graphite, carbon black and carbon fiber as filler. From the test result, as the content of electrically conductive material increased, fluidity and strength decreased but resistivity decreased. The resistivity of electrical conductive cement mortar is effect by water/cement, and aggregate. Cement mortar containing carbon fiber has the best electrical properties considering strength. From this study, it is enough to assure the use of carbon fiber, carbon black and graphite as a conductive filler for electrical conductive cement mortar.


Democracy at Home in South Africa is an invaluable inquiry into the complex figurations of South African transitional culture through the tropes of family and home in literary and artistic expression. Bystrom extends the scope of studies on the synecdochic relationship between the macrospace of the nation and the microspaces of the community and home during apartheid and the early transition years such as Rita Barnard's Apartheid and Beyond: South African Writers and the Politics of Place and Meg Samuelson's Remembering the Nation, Dismembering Women: Stories of the South African Transition. Her theoretically sophisticated and incisive analysis probes continuities and discontinuities in constructions of the home in the first 15 years of South Africa's democracy, a time she calls the "extended transition." Engagingly written and profound in its close analysis of both welland lesser-known texts and artworks, the book provides astute insights into how new geographies of kinship and relation reflect the present South African cultural imaginary. The book is divided into four chapters plus an introduction and conclusion. The introductory section lays down the theoretical underpinnings of the study, which are largely informed by the works of scholars such as Sarah Nuttall, Achille Mbembe, Meg Samuelson, and Rita Barnard. At the heart of these works lies the shift away from binary modes of thinking about the South African polity toward an increasing concern with entangled identities, histories, and spaces. Against the background of the history of family and home under apartheid, Bystrom suggests that South African homes during the time of the Truth and Reconciliation Commission hearings and beyond on the one hand constitute a space for "working through" multiple deep-seated traumas. Yet on the other, she contends that it is from within the space of the home that a "working towards" new forms of relation emerge. Bystrom puts under scrutiny attempts at periodizing recent South African cultural expression, proposing the term of "the extended transition" as an alternative to "transition" and "post-transition".1 Her discussion spans the years between the first democratic elections and Jacob Zuma's appointment as president in 2009. For Bystrom, the "extended democratic transition" is "marked by a dual commitment to rewriting national identity in inclusive terms and addressing historical injustices" (2). Opting for the notion of the "extended transition," Bystrom avoids some of the problematics inherent in what has been termed the "post-transitional" that assumes a stronger shift away in cultural expression from dominant thematic features of the early transition years after the year 2000. Yet, the idea of an "extended transition" similarly suggests an implied linearity and singularity of the transition, presuming movement toward an outcome and resolution of transitional concerns. The homespaces Bystrom examines are marked, however, by a concomitance of and dynamic tension between the new and old, and thus seem to thwart linear progression. In this sense, Aghogho Akpome's2 overarching temporal frame of "literatures of transition" may more productively characterize the multilayered homes of Bystrom's "family fictions." Critiquing the singularity of "the transition," Akpome posits: "This is an overarching non-linear and non-teleological continuum embracing multiple transitions that are not necessarily discrete or mutually exclusive, and that can be delineated in connection with specific contexts and moments" (39).


It will result in more serious ill conditoned A TA and will lead to affect the parameter quality of solution of the Least Squares if designed matrix A is ill conditioned one. The method of Householder to parameters estimation, is to make orthographical of transformation observation equations (equal weight) and to transform A into an upper triangular matrix R and to solve parameters directly, avoiding the effect of ill conditioned A TA on solution of the Least Squares. This paper offers how to use the method of Householder for parameter estimation of unequal weight observation equations, develops the method of Householder and improves the application of the method in data processing of surveying.


A mathematical model of the vortex flow over a slender sharp-edged delta wing is proposed, and is shown to provide good agreement with the experiment. Although the technique requires experimental data in the form of the vortex core locations, it does account for the previously ignored mass entrainment of the vortex core.


BACKGROUND: Pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia (PcP) is the representative opportunistic infection and the primary prophylaxis against PcP has become the standard of care in individuals who are immunosuppressed. The current recommendations for PcP prophylaxis are oral trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (TMP-SMX) at a dose of one tablet (400 mg of sulfamethoxazole and 80 mg of trimethoprim) once a day, daily (7 tablets/week) or two tablets twice a day, twice-weekly (8 tablets/week). These regimens have been proven effective in HIV/AIDS patients and allogeneic stem cell transplant (allo-SCT) recipients; however, they sometimes cause unpleasant side effects such as rash, fever, leukopenia and renal dysfunction. To overcome this problem, low-dose TMP-SMX regimen was challenged for patients undergoing allo-SCT (Muto at al., Bone Mallow Transplant 2011). They decreased the dose of TMP-SMX to 4 tablets/week (one tablet twice a day, twice-weekly) and reported that none of their 156 patients developed PcP during the prophylaxis. Rituximab plus CHOP (R-CHOP) therapy has been widely accepted as the standard first-line treatment for B-cell lymphoma. Since rituximab and prednisolone are potentially immunosuppressive, primary prophylaxis of PcP has been considered indispensable during R-CHOP therapy. However, the standard schedule of TMP-SMX administration has not been established in this situation. For a number of years, we have employed the same low-dose method reported by Muto for our B-cell lymphoma patients receiving R-CHOP therapy. To evaluate the efficacy and tolerability of this regimen, we performed a retrospective analysis. METHODS: We reviewed medical records of patients with newly diagnosed B-cell lymphoma who underwent 6 to 8 courses of R-CHOP therapy every 3 weeks from January 2009 to September 2014. TMP-SMX at a dose of one tablet twice a day, twice-weekly was started simultaneously with the induction of R-CHOP in all patients. To improve medication adherence, administration day was fixed on every Tuesday and Friday. The observation period is from the initial day of first R-CHOP to the last outpatient visit day or the day when recurrence was confirmed, which required salvage chemotherapy. RESULTS: During the study period, data from 292 patients (154 males and 138 females) with a median age of 67 (21-89) years were collected. These patients included diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (n=213, 72.9%), follicular lymphoma (n=65, 22.3%), mantle cell lymphoma (n=6, 2.1%) and others (n=8, 2.7%). The median length of observation period was 29.4 (5.9-78.7) months. The median length of prophylaxis after the last day of R-CHOP was 5.7 (0.6-16.6) months. The median lymphocyte count before treatment was 1.1 (0.07-19.2) x 109/L, and the lowest lymphocyte count during R-CHOP therapy was 0.4 (0.03-1.4) x 109/L. Of 292 patients, 291 patients showed no evidence of clinical feature indicating PcP during the observation period. Although one patient developed PcP and required dose elevation of TMP-SMX to the therapeutic dose, the diagnosis of PcP was given on day 12 of the first course of R-CHOP. This means that the patient may have had potential PcP before the initiation of prophylaxis and could be excluded from this study. In the other 291 patients, TMP-SMX was well tolerated and there were no related adverse events which required discontinuation of the prophylaxis. CONCLUSIONS: This study demonstrates that low-dose TMP-SMX perfectly prevented the development of PcP with minimum toxicities even in elderly patients. In general, the purpose of R-CHOP is the cure from the disease and the completion of scheduled treatment is very important. On the other hand, elderly patients or patients with several complications who need R-CHOP are increasing. In this context, the identification of not only effective but also tolerable supportive care is required. Our data provides a valuable insight into the total treatment strategy of B-cell lymphoma. Disclosures No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.


This paper reviews the existing public library legislation of Chhattisgarh and compares it with the legislation of other state legislations in India. The paper finds some lacunas in the existing public library legislation of Chhattisgarh and has thus made certain suggestions for further modifications and improvements. Although Chhattisgarh has been carved out from Madhya Pradesh in 2000, yet efforts made for the implementation of library legislation of 2008, are highly appreciable. However, there is a need for further improvement in the legislation and its implementation as per the changing requirements and demands of the public.


We report $\textit{ab-initio}$ density functional theory calculation and Raman scattering results to explore the electronic structure of Ba$_5$CuIr$_3$O$_{12}$ single crystals. This insulating iridate, consisting of face-sharing IrO$_6$ octahedra forming quasi-one-dimensional chains, cannot be described by the local $j_{\rm eff}$=1/2 moment picture commonly adopted for discussing electronic and magnetic properties of iridate compounds with IrO$_6$ octahedra. The shorter Ir-Ir distance in the face-sharing geometry, compared to corner- or edge-sharing structures, leads to strong covalency between neighboring Ir. Then this strong covalency results in the formation of molecular orbitals (MO) at each Ir trimers as the low-energy electronic degree of freedom. The theoretically predicted three-peak structure in the joint density of states, a distinct indication of deviation from the $j_{\rm eff}$=1/2 picture, is verified by observing the three-peak structure in the electronic excitation spectrum by Raman scattering.


Legal profession legislation has long proscribed the unauthorized practice of law, as an adjunct to the core notion of lawyers as professionals. This article probes and then unpacks the rationales for this proscription, before inquiring as to how these inform its justifiable parameters, which both legislators and judges have often found difficult to prescribe with precision.


Starting in the nineties, Tunisia has implemented important reforms and mod ernization programs in many financial areas, and significant progress has been achieved mainly in terms of modernizing the banking system (IMF 2000). Howev er, exposure to high credit risks and other important weaknesses persist within this system; for instance, many banks continue to suffer heavily from non per forming loans (NPL), a low level of provisioning, a large volume of non-interest bearing assets, and a high exposure to vulnerable and risky activities, for instance in tourism. Nevertheless, a more radical liberalization process is consid ered and it is expected that new actions will be taken in order to prepare the banking system for deeper integration, especially within the EU region. Opening the banking services to EU competition may arguably lead to improvement of the Tunisian system and to better and cheaper services. Tunisia (like many neighbor ing countries) is indeed likely to gradually open up its service sector to interna tional competition, and it is especially expected to extend to trade of services its Free Trade Agreement with the EU signed in 1995, so far covering only manufac tured goods. What are the possible benefits from liberalization of the banking sector? This is our basic question. It is clear that the answer depends on the way we define liber alization and measure the barriers against trade of services. Trade of services dif fers from trade of goods not only because it may be done according to the four conventional modes, as defined by the WTO, but also because of the way the domestic market is protected. In the case of services, the domestic market is pro tected not by tariffs but by the country's regulations and institutions. This makes the measurement of the degree of protection difficult and problematic. However, it has been possible to calculate tariff equivalent of the restrictive regulations. Once tariff equivalents are estimated, it becomes easy to estimate the impact of liberal ization on various indicators, including prices and social welfare. In addition, it is not conceivable to remove all regulations and all forms of restrictions in the case of services, and, in the banking sector in particular, it is not desirable to remove the prudential regulation considered essential for its survival. Thus, we have to define a benchmark for any meaningful definition of liberalization and policy com parison. In this study, financial liberalization is equated with the alignment of the country's financial legislations and institutions with those commonly adopted by the EU coun tries as requirements for financial integration within the EU. This is a special and nar


Eugenia aeterna, a new species of Eugenia sect. Eugenia is described and illustrated. It has been recorded in the Ombrophilous Forest of the Atlantic Forest Domain in the municipalities of Caraguatatuba and Ubatuba, São Paulo state, Brazil. The new species is apparently related to Eugenia ligustrina and E. longipedunculata being distinct from both by: cataphylls persistent until mature twigs, even in the vegetative phase of the plant (versus cataphylls deciduous); puberulent or pilose hypanthium (vs. glabrous hypanthium) and calyx lobes reflexed and appressed to the fruit (vs. calyx lobes erect in the fruit). Following IUCN red list criteria, Eugenia aeterna is classified Least Concern. Additionally, a distribution map is provided.


Objective:To explore the value of glycolated hemoglobin detection in diagnosis of gestational diabetes mellitus(GDM). Methods:China Journal Full-text Database was retrieved,literatures tracing and manual retrieval were used to retrieve the related literatures in China from 1979 to 2010,17 literatures were screened out according to the requirements,then Revman version 5.0 was used for Meta analysis of the 17 literatures. Results:The literatures had significant heterogeneity,thus,Random effect model was used in the study;the ORcombination value was 61.50,and 95%CI=(30.77,122.91),there was significant difference in population effect test(Z=11.66,P0.000 01);fail-safe number(Nfs) was 8 220.045. Conclusion:Glycolated hemoglobin detection can be used in clinical screening and diagnosis of GDM widespreadly.


To speed up the strategic adjustment of state-owned economy, it is necessary to settle conceptual problems in theory at first. The lowering percentage of state-owned economy does not necessarily mean the reduction of socialist elements; though state-owned capital and paid transfer mean "privatization" according to international norms, China will never allow this compromise the leading role of public ownership; it is a matter of course for state owned economy to gradually withdraw from competition; the leading role of state-owned economy lies not in gaining more control of private capital through shareholding but in preventing the monopolistic control of private capitals over national strategies and the people's livelihood.


Abstract : We give an overview of the research carried out under grant sponsorship and then give details concerning four of the problems we have worked on and for which we have obtained significant results. These are: least-squares finite element methods for incompressible, viscous flows; analysis of a shape control problem for the Navier-Stokes equations; finite dimensional approximation of a class of nonlinear optimal control problems; and feedback control of Karman vortex shedding. We then give lists of papers prepared and personnel supported under grant sponsorship.


Using literature,combining theory with practice.Some one queries the heterization theory on sport which is increasing in current academics circles and holds a discussion for remolding the logic origin of the theory.The discussion thought that we should observe is the natural character of the object cautiously and follow a single routine of thinking that object coming from good develop to evil.


A prognostic is an estimate of the remaining useful life of a monitored part. While diagnostics alone can support condition based maintenance practices, prognostics facilitates changes to logistics which can greatly reduce cost or increase readiness and availability. A successful prognostic requires four processes: 1) feature extraction of measured data to estimate damage; 2) a threshold for the feature, which, when exceeded, indicates that it is appropriate to perform maintenance; 3) given a future load profile, a model that can estimate the remaining useful life of the component based on the current damage state; and 4) an estimate of the confidence in the prognostic. This chapter outlines a process for data-driven prognostics by: describing appropriate condition indicators (CIs) for gear fault detection; threshold setting for those CIs through fusion into a component health indicator (HI); using a state space process to estimate the remaining useful life given the current component health; and a state estimate to quantify the confidence in the estimate of the remaining useful life. DOI: 10.4018/978-1-4666-2095-7.ch006


It seems particularly appropriate to focu s at this time on primary design and technol o gy education . Very often primary issues ar e addressed last but as we move into the rev i ew of the National Curriculum we n e ed to begin with primary issues before we can move forward and build on these in secondary and further education . It sh o uld not be a case of working backwards b u t of start i ng at the beginning and travelling forwards. How can we address , for ex a mple , such important issues as continuity an d progression if we start with a finishing p oint and build steps backwards? There is s urely the great danger of ending up with hu g e gaps that are difficult to bridge or step s so small that it is almost impossible to bu i ld in progress i on. I want to celebrate the first seven yea r s of the subject in the primary curriculum a nd to identify some key considerations for the next seven years to show why design and technology is first among equals . Inte r esting parallels can be drawn with both the s tory of Joseph and the seven years of plenty , followed by the seven lean years and that of the sower and the reaper . I would su g gest that the ' story ' of design and technol o gy has been reversed and that there have b e en seven lean years when seeds have b een sown to be reaped in the following s e ven years . There have been many setba c ks at times , including the lack of sun and w armth (little attention given to the value of d esign and technology and its many succes s es) , too much rain (the continual focus on the negative to ' dampen' enthusiasm) , t h e lack of speed in the provision of support f or growth ( initial tardiness in in-se r vice provision and publications) and see d falling on stony ground (an unwillingness b y some to listen to and accept evidence ) . H o wever , despite the setbacks , sufficient see d has fallen on fruitful ground and we can look forward to the next seven years of p lenty .


Spinal cord transection of rats at C-7 resulted in generally higher blood and liver concentrations of CCl 4 over a 24-hour period than were observed in intact rats after a single oral dose of the agent. However, 24 hours after a single dose of CCl 4 cordotomized rats did not exhibit the typical hepatic degenerative changes that were seen in intact rats. Instead, the lesion developed over a longer time course, becoming fully developed between 55 and 65 hours after treatment. Cordotomized rats rapidly became hypothermic following the surgery. Hypothermia induced by immersion of intact rats in water resulted in a protective effect comparable to cordotomy against CCl 4 . This method of inducing hypothermia also resulted in liver concentrations of CCl 4 that followed a pattern similar to that seen after cordotomy. Whole-body O 2 consumption was reduced to about 50% of normal by 1 hour and to about 30% by 5 hours after cord transection. Depression of body temperature sufficient to account for these decreases was observed in this time. Water immersion also resulted in a markedly reduced rate of O 2 consumption. The infusion of high concentrations of norepinephrine, epinephrine or mixtures of the two for 20 hours did not induce a CCl 4 -like hepatic lesion nor a potentiation of CCl 4 effects in cordotomized rats. These results support the hypothesis that the protective effect of cervical cordotomy against CCl 4 -hepatotoxicity lies in the reduced hepatic metabolism produced by the hypothermia produced by the surgery.


Several authors have dedicated themselves to the debate about the decline and recent setback for the public spaces in contemporary society (SENNETT, 1988 [1977]; SMITH and LOW [2006]; MITCHELL [2006]; HARVEY [2006]; LOW [2006a, 200


Proteolysis of fibrinogen occurs in hemostasis, thrombosis, inflammation and many disease states. Every enzyme that attacks the molecule releases the fibrinopeptides in a distinct pattern. Hence measurement of the released peptides indicates not only formation of particular fibrinogen derivatives but reflects the action and hence formation of specific enzymes. Knowledge of the peptide bonds cleaved by a protease forms an essential basis for analyzing its action. Identification of these peptide bonds has generally been made by identifying newly exposed NH,-terminal amino acids. The released peptides have been quantified by radioimmunoassay or by elution pattern on high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) . Before discussing thrombin and plasmin action on fibrinogen the action of some other enzymes will first be briefly considered.


Adapt/X Harness is an information integration system, platform, and tool set that provides integrated and seamless access to heterogeneous and distributed information in a networked environment (LAN, WAN, Intranets, and the global Internet). It allows cost-effective access, keyword and attribute queries, navigation, and linking and operations on these information resources using popular Internet browsers without requiring any translation, transfer, or rehosting of the original information resource. Information resources such as text and multimedia documents, files of various types, software applications, relational databases, email messages, and references can all be "registered" with Adapt/X Harness and are organized into collections. Information consumers can then use a standard WWW browser to search for required the information with specific (keyword or attribute) queries or they can browse through a "repository" looking for items of interest. Once the useful information is found, the user may use that information as needed; the Harness server would automatically launch the appropriate application or tool (e.g., Word Processor or Spread Sheet) for viewing, printing or using that information. Because the Harness servers talk HTTP, separate httpd is not needed for providing access to the information resources. The Adapt/X Harness platform is ext,ensible for easily supporting new information types without re-


A number of different fractions from heated and unheated culture filtrates of Mycobacterium tuberculosis have been studied in the Middle-brook-Dubos test, using rabbit antiserum. Cross inhibition tests provide no evidence for the presence in the various heated fractions of more than one important sensitizing substance. Cross inhibition tests with unheated fractions reveal the presence of at least two different sensitizing substances. One possesses the same specificity as that found in the heated preparations. The other is completely precipitable with saturated ammonium sulphate, while much of the heat-stable substance remains in the supernatant.


This article compares two power sources for vehicular use considering the whole supply chain and final use for each alter- native from the viewpoint of energy efficiency and energy consumption. The procedure by means of a well to wheel analysis, based on Life Cycle Assessment (LCA), is applied in the comparison between the life cycle inventory of the compressed natural gas used in ve- hicles with internal combustion engines of the Otto cycle (LCI1) and life cycle inventory of the electricity produced from natural gas power plants to final use in the battery electric vehicles (BEV) (ICV2). The analysis indicates that while LCI1 presents overall effi- ciency of 12.4%, the LCI2 indicates energy efficiency of 27.5% (121% more efficient than LCI1). In LCI1, to promote the displacement of 1.5 passengers 1.000km away, it is necessary to spend 2,196.4 MJ, while in LCI2 it must be consumed 633.5 MJ, (what means 247% better in terms of energy consumption). Those numbers show clearly that in terms of energy use, LCI2 is better than LCI1, indicating a possibility of change in order to practice a better use to natural gas application in transportation.


A cross-sectional study was conducted to compare the physical growth amongst healthy school children from the urban and rural areas of Sangli district, Maharashtra, India. A total of 2300 school children were taken for study, out of which 1390 were urban school children and 910 were rural school children. The anthropometric measurements like height and weight were taken. Height and weight of urban school children were statistically (p<0.05) higher than those of rural school children. This was due to differences in nutritional and socio-economic environment in urban and rural areas. This was also due to better understanding of nutritional requirements, availability of different foods, and prevention and treatment of recurrent diseases, state of hygiene and parental literacy in urban areas as


This paper presents the development of an indoor localization system using camera vision. The localization system has a capability to determine 2D coordinate (x, y) for a team of mobile robots, Miabot. The experimental results show that the system outperforms our existing sonar localizer both in accuracy and a precision.


Word sense disambiguation(WSD) is a difficult issue in many fields of natural language processing,e.g.machine translation,information retrieval and hyertext navigation,context and thematic analysis,etc.This paper firstly introduces a Chinese WSD model which is combining the BP neural networks and statistics method,and then discusses the feasibility and advantage of this WSD model.At the last,it finds that the error between the actual and predictive gather is fluctuant through the experiment,namely,the experiment error does not have the notable trend to zero by increasing iterative times,and it can get the better results from the less iterative times.Accordingly,the BP neural network model has the good application foreground in WSD.


Dynamic approaches to system reliability are intended to overcome conceptual weaknesses of current risk analysis techniques for the treatment of systems whose response to an initial solicitation evolves with time. Probabilistic dynamics presents a fully integrated dynamic methodology, able to take into account all aspects of the problem: changes in the hardware configuration, dynamic evolution of the system, operating procedures etc. But with such a complete approach arises an important numerical challenge. For many reasons, Monte Carlo simulation appears as one of the only ways to tackle such a problem, provided that efficient algorithms for an accurate and fast estimation of small failure risks can be defined. This paper reviews high-efficiency simulation techniques that have been developed for probabilistic dynamics.


Servo-pneumatic systems can provide an alternative to the use of conventional binary pneumatic drives and servo-electric systems. However, a migration path needs to be identified for this to become a practical reality in industry. In this paper, methods for employing pneumatic drives in applications with timing and profile control requirements are investigated. This study is based on a high speed food packaging machine used in industry which currently employs on/off pneumatic actuation. The paper illustrates how advanced features of modem motion controllers can be utilized and what control functions are required to exploit the potential of servo-pneumatic actuation. It also serves to illustrate how pneumatic servos may provide an effective alternative to the use of electric servo mechanisms in some applications. The contribution of this paper is significant in the sense that it illustrates the process of applying servo-pneumatic systems which are currently not well established in industry. The paper shoul...


The spectrum of excited hadrons starts to become accessible on the lattice. Resonance phase shifts can be extracted with Lüscher's method and extensions thereof that allow to address multichannel scattering problems. To determine the amplitude, methods like moving frames or modified boundary conditions allow for more eigenvalues in the finite volume, but often at different energies. Interpolations in energy relate different eigenvalues and help to pin down the amplitude. Expanding the T or the K-matrix locally provides a controlled scheme by removing the known non-analyticities of thresholds. This can be stabilized by using Chiral Perturbation Theory. Different examples to determine resonance pole parameters and to disentangles resonances from thresholds are discussed, like the scalar mesons f0(980), σ(600), and excited baryons N(1535)1/2− and Λ(1405).


RuO2 thin films were grown by sputtering a Ru target in Ar and O2 mixed gas, and the effects of O2 gas flow ratio and flow rate on the formation of RuO2 films were studied. Based on changes in the deposition rate and plasma emission spectra observed when the O2 flow ratio was varied, the formation process of RuO2 films is categorized into two classes: (1) oxidation of Ru atoms at the substrate surface (metallic target mode) in a lower O2 flow ratio region and (2) sputtering of the oxidized target (oxide target mode) in a higher O2 flow ratio region. In addition, the supplied O2 flow rate, rather than the O2 flow ratio, is found to be the dominant factor in the formation of RuO2 thin films. At an O2 gas supply at which twice as many oxygen molecules as sputtered Ru atoms are introduced into the sputtering chamber, RuO2 thin films begin to be deposited in the metal target mode.


I would like to welcome you to the first special volume of the Leonardo Electronic Almanac. DAC09: After Media: Embodiment and Context , is a volume that generated from the conference by the same name that Prof. Penny chaired at the end of 2009. DAC09: After Media: Embodiment and Context is the first of a series of special volumes of the Leonardo Electronic Almanac that are realized in collaboration with international academic, editors and authors.


This paper engages notions on sociality by Spanish speaking descendants of Panoan Capanahua from Peru, as revealed in one aspect of social practice. Speaking while inebriated, members of this small Western Amazonian population draw from locally specifi c set of ideas about the nature of social life. Therefore, an overview of various standardized themes and attitudes or modalities of such speeches presented in this paper refl ects different, often confl icting layers of ideas and practice of social life. Because of both their content and notions about the very inebriation, drunken speeches are shown to offer a privileged vantage point for understanding the Capanahua descendants' notions and realizations of sociality. Indeed, they reveal one of the important problems fuelling the dynamics of their sociality, which is the tension between, on the one hand, perceptible dimension of village sociality governed by ideals of equality and neighbourly conviviality, and on the other, the inherent difference and hierarchy encoded in contested personal histories of origins. The latter are conceived as normally concealed layer of social life, but at the same time they condition local ideas about what might be understood as kinship and descent.


This research is based on the importance of the Musaceae datil banana (AA) and apple banana (AAB) in the Salvadoran diet; as well as the economic and social importance of this fruit to the country. Toe purpose of the research was to develop an efficient protocol to reproduce this species in a lab and then deliver them to small farmers from two co-ops. Toe process was composed of five phases: establishment, multiplication, development, rooting and acclimatization of species. Toe experiment was carried out under controlled conditions in the lab, in which sword field sprouts were used as seed source. Toe corms were cut and washed with Tween 80; each sample was disinfected with pure bleach (sodium hypochlorite 5.25%).The corms extracted from meristems were placed in a nutrient culture medium MS (Murashige & Skoog, 1962), containing 5.0 mg/1 of cytokinin BAP (benzylaminopurine) and a pH of 5.8. In both cases, the response of the samples was the same as in vitro conditions.At the beginning, the apple banana responded better to the multiplication; the oxidation largely limited to obtain a greater number of explants of this variety. This phenomenon was controlled applyingl25 mg/1 of ascorbic acid to the culture. At the end of the ten multiplication cycles, 2,500 plants were obtained from each species, which were rooted, acclimatized to be given to small farmers from two co-ops


OBJECTIVE
To compare the attitudes of doctors and patients toward the disclosure of information after adverse medical events.

DESIGN
Cross-sectional questionnaire survey.

SETTING
Ophthalmology department of an outer London hospital.

SUBJECTS
246 patients attending one ophthalmic outpatient clinic during a 5-week period and 48 ophthalmologists.

MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE
Proportion of each group who believed that patients should be informed about the occurrence of an adverse event and its potential future complications following elective ophthalmic surgery.

RESULTS
Most patients (226/246, 91.8%) believed that a patient should be informed of an adverse event. Fewer ophthalmologists (29/48, 60.5%, P<0.001; odds ratio 7.4 [95% CI 3.7-14.3]) shared this belief. The majority of patients (200/246, 88.5%) believed that a patient should be as fully informed as possible about the event and possible future complications, but this belief was shared by a minority of ophthalmologists (16/48, 33.3%, P<0.001; odds ratio 8.7 [95% CI 4.7-15.9]).

CONCLUSION
After an adverse medical event, there is a discrepancy between the amount of information that patients wish to be given and that which physicians feel is appropriate.


Objectives:To explore on the clinical therapeutic effects of traditional Chinese medicine on the treatment of infertility caused by varicocele.Methods:We collected 224 cases of infertility caused by varicocele in our hospital during 1998-2009,excluding 16 patients over 45 years old.Altogether 208 patients were selected and separated into two age groups,one group between the age of 25 and 35,the other between 36 and 45.Varicocele was also ranked into light,mild,severe categories based on surgical and traditional Chinese surgical categorization.Results:The age group of 36-45 has higher infertility occurrence than the age of group of 25-35.Literature has reported that 70% mild and severe varicocele patients could show improvement in sperm density and vitality after the surgery.This study indicated that the mild and severe varicocele patients could have greater improvement in both sperm density and vitality after the traditional Chinese treatment,the efficiency rate being 77.8% which is higher the rate for surgery treatment.Conclusion:There is a promising prospect for the treatment of infertility caused by varicocele with traditional Chinese medicine.


A program was conducted (1) to determine whether other nitrogen containing species, likely to occur in synfuels, will have effects similar to pyrroles, (2) to test for interactions between nitrogen compounds and other impurities, (3) to determine the effects of storage parameters such as light, temperature and oxygen content of the fuel on sediment formation, and (4) to elucidate the chemical structure and mechanism of formation of the sediments produced. It is concluded that nitrogen compounds can be seriously deleterious to the storage stability of synfuels. (a) Pyrrolic types and some amines are deleterious; many other nitrogen containing compounds are not. (b) The pyrrolic compounds vary in the magnitude of their influence on sediment formation. The rate is very high with 2,5-dimethylpyrrole. Storage conditions may play an important role; the effect of light is particularly noteworthy. Certain trace impurities are also important in their effects on promoting sediment formation. (a) Carboxylic acids accelerate the formation rate; the effect is most pronounced in the dark. (b) Some phenols inhibit sediment formation; structural effects are important. The sediments appear to have a definitive structure which may be amenable to analysis. With DMP this appears to be low to medium molecular weight oligomersmore » consisting of partially oxidized repeating units of the nitrogen compound.« less


The recognition of messenger RNA become common practice for body fluid identification in forensic field. Though, the degraded and rare nature of RNA from forensic samples point out that mRNA transcripts are not reliably spotted or remain undetected in practice. Thus, leading to hardening the process of forensic investigation and body fluids identification. Lately, using massively parallel sequencing technique, data obtained from degraded body fluids were used to design new primers to amplify transcript regions of messenger RNA of high read coverage, hence, exhibiting higher stability, as a substitute of the conventional primer that target span exon–exon boundaries which showed low stability and degradation susceptibility. In the current project, the relative gene expression was calculated for each biomarker to measure the stability of those messenger RNA regions. The criteria of testing involved exposing different messenger RNA biomarkers transcripts of blood, buccal cells and menstrual blood to various environmental hazards including UV irradiation, 40ᵒC induced heat and 50% humidity. Degradation was in continuous exposure for a specific time span of 2 weeks. The results showed that each messenger RNA biomarker behaved differently among the different environmental insults.


This paper presents an electrostatic discharge (ESD) protection circuit and reviews best practices to interface a CMOS analog front-end (AFE) with off-chip high impedance (>1 GΩ) and high precision (<1 pA resolution) current sensors. The proposed circuit uses an amplifier at the input/output (I/O) pin to drive the voltage across the ESD protection diodes to a near-zero value, thus enabling sub-pA leakage. Implemented in a 180 nm CMOS process, the proposed circuit reduces the leakage current by 7.5× (to <15 fA) compared to conventional techniques at 25 °C. The proposed circuit's resilience to ESD events was tested using the human-body model (HBM) standard and demonstrated similar ESD protection capabilities when compared to standard ESD protection circuits and improved protection over other low-leakage techniques. This technique achieves sub-pA leakage across the commercial temperature range (0 - 85 °C) while consuming just 15 µW and 0.002 mm2.


Objective: To establish the method for quality control of Anjunning micropills. Methods: Radix Pae-oniae Alba and Flos Caryophylli in Anjunning micropills were identified by TLC, the tetrahydropalmatine was de-termined by TLC -scanning, developer was benzene -acetone (17:3) , detector wavelength was 335 nm, refer-ence wavelength was 370 nm. Results: Radix Paeoniae Alba and Flos Caryophylli can be identified by TLC; The linear concentration range of tetrahydropalmatine by TLCS was 0. 096 - 0. 576 μg. The correlation coefficient was 0. 998 6, high、 middle、low - concentration average recovery ( n = 5 ) were 97. 9% ( RSD = 1. 5% ) , 98. 6% (RSD = 1. 4% ) and 97. 2% ( RSD =1.7%) respectively. Conclusion: The method established in this paper can be adopted for the quality control of Anjunning micropills and the determination method of tetrahydropalmatine is simple , relatively fast and accurate.


This article addresses some problems with crosscultural discourse comparisons on the example of news texts in American English, German, and Polish. The position adopted is that of prototype‐oriented natural linguistics. A news story is described as a text prototype that is dominated either by telegraphic or by narratological tendencies in content selection and organization. The former strategy leads to feature accumulation that is typical of American English newswriting and is described most systematically by van Dijk (1988a). The latter, characteristic of German and Polish news styles, shows affinities with everyday storytelling, on the one hand, and with expository writing, on the other. In explaining the disparities between the two news styles, reference is made to some linguistic and historical variables.


While pension reforms often comprise grandfathering clauses, meaning that cohorts affected by new provisions learn about them years before they come near retirement, whether changes in retirement rules affect prime-age labor supply is an under-explored question. In this paper I study prime-age labour supply responses to one of the most radical reforms of the public pension system: the transition from a defined-benedit (DB) to a notional defined-contribution (NDC) scheme. I focus on Italy's transition to the NDC system following the 1995 Dini pension reform, which tightened the link between benefits and contributions on top of reducing pension entitlements for most workers. By exploiting novel administrative data on workers' contribution histories and by comparing otherwise similar individuals who were either entirely (fully DB regime) or partially (mixed DB-NDC regime) grandfathered, I document mild positive effects on prime-age labour supply on the extensive and intensive margins, which emerge from the beginning and increase over time. Effects tend to be larger among low earners relative to high earners and, particularly in terms of labour earnings, among self-employed as opposed to employees. Female respond more than males and, although less robust as an evidence, responses tend to increase in the age at the reform. JEL codes: J26, H55, M51, M12


The paper introduces structure characteristics and the basic principles of the finite impulse response (FIR) digital filter, and gives an efficient FIR filter design based on FPGA. Use MATLAB FDATool to determine filter coefficients, and designed a 16-order constant coefficient FIR filter by VHDL language, take use of QuartusII to simulate filters, the results meet performance requirements.


Agile supply chains aid manufacturing companies to produce quickly innovative products and offer innovative services which will delight the customers. This paper reports a research in which an exclusive model for developing and managing agile supply chains in footwear industry was designed. This model is named as agile supply chain for footwear industry (ASFI). ASFI has been designed for implementation in footwear manufacturing companies through 11 steps. On implementing these steps, agile supply chains are developed and managed in the footwear manufacturing company. The unique feature of ASFI model is that it is incorporated with both the theoretical and practical knowledge which make the development and management of agile supply chains systematic and practical for enabling the footwear manufacturing companies to face the intensification of competition and emerge as winners in the global markets.


The effect of Bioplex-iron preparation on the morphological and biochemical blood parameters in fattened hogs has been studied. In the process of studies it has been established that the above mineral preparation has positive influence on the content of erythrocytes, leucocytes and hemoglobin in animals' blood, as well as, total protein, inorganic phosphorus, calcium, iron and amino acids in blood serum.


Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory dermatosis affecting 2% of the world's population. Though recognised for its expression on the skin, it is accompanied by chronic systemic inflammation. This explains the several comorbidities that frequently present in patients with psoriasis. The pathomechanism involves a complex interaction of inflammatory chemokines, with a predominantly T-helper 17 profile, that have been shown to be elevated in serum and skin. Conflicting results have been reported regarding clinical uses for proinflammatory biomarkers, such as correlation with clinical severity and prediction of therapeutic response. There is even greater uncertainty regarding correlations between tissue cytokine expression and clinical severity. We investigated the expression of proinflammatory biomarkers in skin samples from patients with moderate-to-severe plaque psoriasis, analysing their differences and their relationship with epidemiological and clinical variables. We randomly selected 18 patients with moderateto-severe plaque psoriasis who had not received systemic or topical therapies in the preceeding 3 months or five times the systemic drug's half-life. Epidemiological, clinical and anthropometric data were recorded through medical history and physical examination by the same physician. Punch biopsies from lesional and non-lesional skin were simultaneously taken from each patient. Tissue relative expression levels of each biomarker were studied with real time RT-PCR using standardised assays on demand (Applied Biosystems, CA, USA) and the semicomparative DDCt method. 8 This method provided a reliable intrapatient control for biomarker expression. Statistical analyses were performed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences software (SPSS), version 25. Relative expression differences for qualitative variables were analysed using the Mann–Whitney U test and Kruskal–Wallis H test when dichotomous and non-dichotomous, respectively. Correlation between relative expression and psoriasis area severity index (PASI), body surface area (BSA), body mass index (BMI) scores and duration of psoriasis was analysed using Spearman rank correlation coefficient. A P value ≤ 0.05 was considered statistically significant. The study received our institution's Ethics Committee approval, and informed consent was obtained from all patients. The study sample (Table 1) was composed of 18 patients (12 males) with a mean age of 49 16.9 years. Mean BMI was 30.3 5, with 9 (50%) patients categorised as obese. Abdominal obesity was present in 13 (72.2%) patients. There were 10 (55.6%) patients with metabolic syndrome, 5 (27.8%) with hypertension, 4 (22.2%) with type 2 diabetes mellitus and 9 (50%) with dyslipidemia. Relative expression levels of each biomarker are shown in Fig. 1. Statistical analysis showed significant differences between the biomarkers' relative expressions (P < 0.001). One-on-one comparisons (Table 2) showed relative expression of interleukin (IL)17 was significantly higher than every other biomarker. Relative expressions of IL17 receptor and interferon receptor 1 (IFN-R1) were significantly higher than IL12p35, IL23p19, tumour necrosis factor-a (TNFa), IL1-b and interferon-c (IFNc). Relative expression of IL12p40 was significantly higher than IL12p35, TNFa and IFNc. IL12p35 showed the lowest relative expression, being significantly lower than every other biomarker except IFNc. There were no differences in relative expression between genders. IFNc correlated negatively with age, being higher among younger patients (P = 0.004). None of the biomarkers correlated with BMI; however, relative expression of IL12p40 was higher among patients categorised as overweight or obese (P = 0.039). Though IFNc correlated positively with abdominal perimeter (P = 0.024), there were no differences in any of the biomarker's relative expressions between patients with or without abdominal obesity. The presence or absence of metabolic syndrome,


When analyzing mechanical property of asphalt pavement,vehicle loading is considered to be transferred through tyres to the pavement and the interface between the tyres and pavement is assumed to be in regular geometric shapes to facilitate calculation.Three-dimentional finite element method was adopted to evaluate the response of asphalt pavement subjected to vehicle loading with varied tyre-pavement interfaces,including round,square,rectangular,elliptical,rectangular plus two semi-rounds,respectively.The results indicated that loading through rectangular plus two semi-round interface imposed greatest effect on vertical displacement and shear stress of the whole pavement,as well as the tensile stress at the bottom of the surface upper layer.Loading through rectangular interface exerted greater influence on the tensile stress of the surface bottom layer than that of rectangular plus two semi-round interface.Loading through round interface exhibited least effect on mechanical behavior of the pavement,though comparatively larger than square interface.


Child-centered and child-driven learning can provoke the creation of curriculum that is responsive to students' particular learning needs, is engaging and meaningful, and promotes learner agency. Homeschool settings provide opportunities for parent/educators cognizant of child-centered and child-driven curriculum to meet students' interests, readiness, growth, and educational drive with responses tailored for each unique situation. This learning space can allow for the relationship between the parent/educator and the student to continually revisit and revitalize learning, expanding on shared experience and potentially spanning the developmental years of the student. The lines between educator and student become blurred as the educator is directed by the unique interests and educational needs of each student. Research into the field of homeschooling curriculum can inspire discussion and innovation in more traditional educational settings. In this paper presentation, the authors will discuss the literature on child-centered and child-driven learning. Next, stories from real homeschools illustrating the co-creation of childcentered curriculum by both the educator/parent and student will be shared. Finally, the presenters will kindle a lively conversation with all participants about the role of students and teachers in curriculum creation, student-centered and student-driven learning in homeschools and in public schools, and imagining the possibilities of both contexts.


The lingonberry, known in Canada as the partridgeberry, foxbeny, redberry and cranberry grows throughout the country. The lingonberry also grows extensively in Alaska, where it is known as the lowbush cranberry and is utilized locally. This fruit can also be found in the extreme north east region of the United States especially in Maine and New Hampshire where it is harvested primarily for home use. Vander Kloet's The Genus Vaccinium in North America (Research Branch, Agriculture Canada. 1988) describes in detail the range of this plant in North America.


We aimed to compare the coronary angioscopic appearance of neointimal coverage (NIC) over durable‐polymer everolimus‐eluting stents (XIENCE‐EES) and bioresorbable‐polymer everolimus‐eluting stents (SYNERGY‐EES) 1 year after implantation.


Gauge mediation of supersymmetry breakdown has many attractive features and can be realized in phenomenologically interesting string-motivated models. We point out that in models with the Polonyi-like field stabilized at a low expectation value by quantum corrections, gravity seems to limit from above the admixture of gravity mediation to the dominant gauge mediation channel. However, we also point out that in a class of such models the low energy metastable supersymmetry breaking vaccum appears to be cosmologically disfavoured. These features should hold also in the case of typical stabilized models with anomalous U(1) groups.


It is an important direction that from epistemologial angle to discuss the problem of teachers' professional development in teacher education research.From the beginning of knowledge basement for teaching,this paper analyzes the origin,connotation and feature of PCK and PCKg.Moreover,it analyses the developmental model of PCKg,and then puts forward some countermeasures and rational thought for guiding reform of teacher professional development of our country from dynamic PCKg perspective.


A female patient aged 75 years old was found to be anemic upon admission during follow-up for liver cirrhosis. Detailed examinations revealed that bleeding due to gastric antral vascular ectasia (GAVE) was the cause of her anemia. The patient did not respond to repeated argon plasma coagulation (APC) procedures and contin-ued to require intermittent blood transfusions thereafter. As such, we decided to conduct APC again after ad-ministering lusutrombopag, a thrombopoietin receptor agonist. The administration of lusutrombopag led to an increase in platelet count and, hence, hemostasis could be performed safely. Moreover, as the effect of lusutrombopag is longer than the biological half-life of platelets, we believe that it may show a hemostatic effect in GAVE patients with gastrointestinal hemorrhage.


reliability, with much research being performed by for-thepurpose-trained lay interviewers. The disappointment with the slow progress of pathogenetic research encourages critical voices advocating abandonment of phenotypic categories altogether. However, the story of self-disorder research may inspire us to reconsider the phenotypic classification with a more refined psychopathological approach.


We introduce the structural conditional correlation (SCC) methodology to the foreign flows literature to identify the contemporaneous return–flow interaction and provide new evidence using the first daily data from a sizeable European emerging market and comparing to Asian markets. SCC results indicate significant bilateral intraday interaction between net foreign flows and market returns, and the presence of their latent common drivers. Allowing for these effects alters previously uniform results of positive feedback trading for some Asian markets, as well as the price impact estimates. Foreigners display a sluggish response to global information, which cannot be attributed to their information disadvantage.


The whole coding region and intron of adiponectin gene were amplified with 4 pairs of primers designed from Cairina moschata DNA sequence(GQ873067) and its polymorphism was detected by PCR-SSCP method,and then its association with intramuscular fat(IMF) and serum total cholesterol(TC) were analysed.Three SNPs(A167G,T290C and G711A) were found.A167G and G711A,which belonged to silence mutations occurred in exon1 and exon2 coding region respectively,and T290C mutation was produced in intron.The three SNP loci presented medium polymorphism and were in accordance with Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium(P0.05).Association analysis showed that the birds of genotype AA had significantly higher than genotype BB for IMF and TC in A167G locus(P0.05).Then,the birds of genotype CC had significantly higher than genotype TT for IMF in T290C locus(P0.05).The research suggested that the A167G and T290C loci had significant genetic effect on fatty deposition and may be used as markers of molecular breeding in White Muscovy.


Robot perception still lacks reliability in complex natural environments. A commonly used method to improve perception is to incorporate more sensors with different modalities. This leads to increased computational requirements due to the parallel processing of huge amounts of sensor data. Appropriate sensor fusion methods are needed if contradictory information is provided by different sensors. We propose a feature-based technique to fuse multimodal sensor data using fuzzy rules. Probabilistic methods are avoided by applying fuzzyfication at the feature level. We propose a higher information gain of the available sensors by utilizing robot actions to focus sensors on objects of interest. Therefore sensor readings, algorithms and robot actions are combined into feature detectors. A goal-directed activation of these feature detectors renders parallel processing of all sensor data unnecessary.


Although it is now clear that the fetus has become a patient whose maladies deserve treatment, it is not yet clear what role fetal surgery plays now and will play in the future. Opinions vary about the state of fetal surgery in 2002, ranging from unrealistically optimistic (all birth defects will be diagnosed and treated before birth) to outright skeptical (a lot of "hype" over unproven treatment for rare disorders). I will attempt to provide some perspective by addressing three questions: 1) What diseases are treatable and how have we done in treating them to date? (a report card on fetal surgery 2002); 2) Who is the fetus's doctor? (obstetrician, neonatologist, surgeon) 3) How should the care of the fetus be organized? (the role of centers, professional groups, and trials).


Background: Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is an epithelial malignancy with the highest incidence in the upper aerodigestive tract. The early sign of NPC is not specific such as hearing problems, blood stained nasal discharge, nasal obstruction, and in some cases no early signs and symptoms. Our study to detect early sign of KNF used two types of antigen in the same well which is Laporan Penelitian


Two types of fuzzy models as expected value model and chance-constrained programming model for water pollution control system are built to satisfy different optimization requirements on condition that water current capacities are fuzzy variables and industrial sewage content standard in rivers is given. Then a hybrid intelligent algorithm integrating fuzzy simulation,neural network and genetic algorithm is designed to solve these models. Finally,a numerical experiment is illustrated to show the effectiveness of the algorithm. The result shows that the algorithm is feasible and effective.


This study explores the Distance E-Learning (DEL) experience of Communication students during the Coronavirus pandemic, in the United Arab Emirates (UAE), and measures the appropriateness of online remote technologies for media and communication courses The data revealed several advantages that lie mainly in harnessing technologies, enhancing students' communication skills, and saving teaching and learning in times of crisis The limits are mainly related to technical issues and computer proficiency The findings from this study provide important input towards designing effective open online courses for communication students not only in the University of Sharjah but also in the world © 2020, Universidad del Zulia All rights reserved


.......................................................................................................................x INTRODUCTION.............................................................................................................. I Life History of Aceria tosichella (K .)............................................................. 5 Wheat Streak Mosaic Virusf.................................... 15 Cropping System................................................................. 20 GREENHOUSE RESEARCH........ .................................. 26 Introduction...................................................................................................................26 Materials and Methods..................................................................................................27 WCM Infestation.............................................................. 29 Plant Stand and Biomass............................................................................................29 WCM Population ....................................................................................................... 30 Data Analysis.............................................................................................................3,0 Results and Discussion..................................................................................................31 WCM.......................................................................................................................... 31 Plant competition.......................................................................................................40 FIELD RESEARCH............................... 42 Introduction.......................................... ..................i.................................................... 42 Materials and Methods......................... 43 Environment...............................................................................................................44 WCM Infestation......................................... ......... ;............... ...................................45 Plant Stand and Biomass............................................................................................46 WCM Population:......................................................................................................46 Data Analysis.............................................................................................................47 Results and Discussion..................................................................................................47 TABLE OF CONTENTS—CONTINUED ■' WCM............. ........................'.......... ,.................... ............... .................................. 47 WCM population............... 50 Plant competition.............. 64 CONCLUSIONS......................................................................;...................................... 69 REFERENCES CITED.....................................................................................................72 vi


Assistant mobile robots are designed to help people in diverse situations. To improve services provided, robots should keep close to the user. In this work, it is implemented a Human-Robot Interaction (HRI) approach for a guide robot application, where a fuzzy controller is proposed for adjusting the robot's speed based on the estimated user's speed. User velocity is computed with a vision algorithm which estimates user's position along a path. The guide process begins when the robot recognizes the user and then it proposes to guide him from an initial point to a given goal. To stay close to the user, the robot adjusts its linear velocity with a fuzzy PI+D controller. The reference signal of this controller is the user's velocity and the output is the linear velocity of the robot. To follow the correct path simultaneously, it has been implemented a second control based on fuzzy logic to manipulate the angular velocity of the robot over the given path. The results obtained for both controllers show that the robot is able to track a velocity reference along a path and follow a desired goal trajectory. To guarantee safe and efficient interaction between people and robot, social rules were established.


FIELD: polymers. SUBSTANCE: product: amorphous copolymers of ethylene with α-olefin and nonobligatory minimal amount of polyenes showing the following properties: (A) mole percent content of a-olefin in copolymer (% a) and the ratio between mole content of a-olefin diade and mole content of a-olefin in copolymer (aa/α) that satisfies the following ratio: (% a) - 250 (aa/α) 10; (B) less than 2% CH-groups in polymer chain were in alternating (CH)where n - even number. These polymers were synthesized on the basis of metallocene containing two fluoroenyl-groups bound together through the "bridge" group. EFFECT: improved properties of polymers.


For more than a decade, key aims of Victorian State Government strategic planning policies for metropolitan Melbourne have been to improve the sustainability of the region while maintaining a high standard of 'liveability' for residents. State housing policy has reflected these concerns in the objectives to create more compact residential environments and provide more well-located multi-unit housing. However, in a context of rapid population growth, high rates of household formation and significant growth in house prices, maintaining a steady supply of 'affordable' new housing has also been a matter of policy concern. Policies relating to the provision of owner-occupied housing have struggled to balance these two, often competing, objectives.


A catalog of star forming regions, which contains about 2900 objects, is presented. It provides comprehensive information on photometric infrared and radio fluxes, radial velocities of the recombination and molecular lines and masers. The distribution of star forming regions in the Galaxy is derived from the data. Several preliminary results of the catalog study are given.


Current knowledge on prognostic biomarkers (especially BRAFV600E/RAS mutations) in metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) is mainly based on mCRC patients with proficient mismatch repair (pMMR) tumors. It is uncertain whether these biomarkers have the same prognostic value in mCRC patients with deficient mismatch repair (dMMR) tumors.


In previous study,a strain of Xanthomonas sp.that could degrade completely Poly(vinyl)alcohol(PVA)had been isolated.The PVA removal characteristics of this strain immobilized on raw or modified fly ash as a reserve material was investigated.The results showed that the isothermal adsorption equations of Langmuir equations,Freundlich equations perfectly modeled the processes of bacterial cells adsorption in fly ashes from 5 samples.Cell adsorption capacity in fly ash was followed by the order of HCl-modified sampleH2SO4-modified sampleCaOH-modified sampleNaOH-modified sampleNo-modified sample.The PVA removal capacity of immobilized cells was lower than that of free cells for 1.0g·L-1PVA,but the PVA removal rate of immobilized cells was nearly the same as that of free cells.


Contrary to the persistent myth that they are dying out, the Amish population in North America continues to grow at a rapid pace. Numbering over 330,000 in thirty-one states and four Canadian provinces, the Amish population doubles every twenty years (Young Center 2018; Donnermeyer et al. 2013). While over 60 percent of the Amish still reside in Pennsylvania, Ohio, and Indiana, home to the four largest Amish settlements, population pressures are increasingly resulting in out-migration to areas where land prices are more affordable. Because the Amish do not actively seek converts, this population surge is a result of two major forces—large family sizes and a high retention rate. Though family size differs by affiliation, Amish families still average approximately five children. At the same time, the retention rate is at an all-time high. Fully 85 percent of Amish youth get down on their knees in front of their congregation and pledge to uphold the Ordnung, or unwritten code of conduct, of their local church district (Kraybill, Johnson-Weiner, and Nolt 2013). Less visible in this overall picture are the approximately 15 percent of Amish youth who leave the community. Like other Anabaptist groups, the Amish require youth to make a conscious decision to join the church at some point after they reach "the age of accountability," usually age sixteen, and enter the period known as rumspringa, where parental supervision is relaxed. The focus on adult baptism arose during the Radical Reformation in the early 1500s as a sign that believers had made a "conscious decision to follow Christ and form a church apart from the state" (Nolt 2003: 12). Because the state church used infant baptism as a means of controlling the population, however, it saw adult baptism as a grave threat to its legitimacy. The persecution of Anabaptists over the next century—as many as 2500 were killed—was a key factor in their subsequent migration to the U.S. in the 1700s (followed by another wave in the 1800s) at the invitation of the Quaker governor of Pennsylvania, William Penn (Kraybill, Johnson-Weiner and Nolt 2013: 24). Because adult baptism remains a cornerstone tenet of the Amish faith, the individuals who decide not to join the church, or who join but later decide to leave, provide a useful mirror on the rapidly changing relationship between the Amish and the outside world.


We thank Tsuzaki et al. (1) for their comments and for the interesting data they share. The association of serum adiponectin concentration with LDL particle size in middle-aged and elderly Japanese adults confirms our findings in young Israeli adults, points to the generalizability of the …


Introduction The study was aimed at comparing the applicability of quantitative techniques and its relevance in decision making by clinical and non-clinical healthcare managers and administrators. Methods A comparative cross-sectional study in design conducted at the Obafemi Awolowo University Teaching Hospital, Ile-Ife amongst 52 clinical and 50 non-clinically related healthcare managers and administrators. Data collection tool was a semi-structured self-administered questionnaire. Data were analysed using descriptive and inferential statistics of SPSS version 20 with statistical significance determined at p < 0.05. Results A higher proportion of the non-clinical healthcare managers and administrators were familiar and had used more quantitative techniques than their clinical counterparts. Experience ranked highest as the current method employed by both groups for most decision needing scenarios presented. There was no statistically significant difference in their perceived effectiveness of the current methods guiding decision making. However, a statistically significant difference was found in the methods preferred by both study population only for 'reducing waiting lines, p = 0.015' and in 'maximising the use of human resources, p = 0.017'. Conclusions Approach to decision making in the Nigerian health sector is still largely experiential and more of a personalised bargaining process. Acknowledgement of the relevance of quantitative techniques by clinical and non-clinically related health managers and administrators as found in this study is hoped to accelerate the adoption of these techniques. It is believed that its application will lead to improved health service delivery and health outcomes.


Times need the most exquisite language,and students also need graceful melodious teaching languages.Therefore,teacher must embody his language aesthetic appreciation consciousness in the full teaching process,and his creation of aesthetic appreciation must serve student's aesthetic appreciation.


Optically induced rotation of the optical axis in a chiral smectic-C* liquid crystal has been investigated in a two-wavelength pump-probe arrangement. It is shown that optical axis reorientation is a result of opto-thermal tilt-angle changes in the SmC*-phase, which are excited by an argon-ion laser and probed by a weak He-Ne laser. The maximum induced reorientation angle has been 23 deg in these experiments. The switching times are governed by thermal-relaxation processes, and are in the range of milliseconds or less in the present arrangement. The experimental results are described by a Landau-theory of the SmC*-SmA phase transition in addition to a relaxation-time approximation of the heat-flow equation.


Global crisis has significant effect on economic condition of state in the world.These phenomenon cause several company collaps and many of them need capital added for survive. In these case, bank as financial institution is to rigid for give a loan to accommodate business sector because they have to keep a good liquidity for their healty. Therefore, financial service is needed as alternative source to help business sector to get capital added. It is believe that financial service is different from bank,easy procedure and non-assurance as the ones of advantage from that institution.
Keywords : financial service, business sector.


We review our results for the simulation of the 2--d lattice Gross--Neveu model in a fermion loop representation. Possible extensions of our techniques to other models and higher dimensions are discussed, as well as the limitations of loop--type representations.


Now-a-days it can be seen that most of people are focusing on cycling for exercising and short distance travelling due to unhygienic lifestyles and increase in environmental pollution and its harmful effect on human. Looking at such circumstances this paper is focused on to generate electrical energy produced by the person via paddling and later consume the same energy for automatic running of the cycle. The demand for Electric Bikes is growing throughout the world due its characteristics of zero emission effects and longer life cycle. An electric bicycle uses electric motors for the purpose of moving which run on different types of Batteries. These batteries undergo many charging and recharging cycles in running conditions. By use of various non-conventional energy sources various batteries worked as energy storage units can be charged which will reduce the required amount of external energy for charging the batteries which will also reduce the use of fossil fuels and also will help to reduce the environmental pollution. The theme of paper is comprised in two sections, in first part a paddling mechanism is proposed which will do the energy conversion from mechanical to electrical and in later part the stored electrical energy is converted into mechanical energy to run cycle on charged batteries. A comparative analysis is also proposed for different batteries to find out efficient types in terms of economic aspects such as cost, thermal runaway, etc. in this work an electric generation mechanism by paddling the cycle is proposed for specified amount of time and based on that the generated electricity is calculated to be stored in battery for charging. Further the simulation results using MATLAB/Simulink has been analyzed for the proposed electric bicycle with different types of batteries, to study the various characteristics of the proposed set up with variation of battery parameters and distance covered by the cycle.


Abstract: In this growing world, every thing has became computerized. This is because the technology has expanded so much that every thing has came into our hands. To reduce the efforts of humans, and to save time, this idea has been undertaken. The required hardware and software are easily available and easy to work with. This can lead the farmer for better consumtion of crops. As farmers can get benefits of the schemes that are available for them. If they have any problem or quetionary about the farming, then the farmers can take help of the application to contact with the other officers soo that he can get the desired benefit. In early days, these things were done manually, which needed lots of efforts so to avoid those efforts and extra consumtion of time this project has been undertaken. Doing all these things will bring transperancy between the farmers and the government. So no farmer will be left out from getting the benefits and schemes from the government. This willalso hepl framers in better utilization of the resources. Instead it will also provide the information on which, crop should farmer grow in order to gain the profit. This will allow real time information of crop sowing to be compiled in the application. As there will be increase in participation of the farmers in crop inspection, registration will help in facillating the process of settling crop insurance and crop inspection claims. It will also make it easier for farmers to get peak loans. If the farmers face some losses due the issues like crop damage due to the natural calamities, the government will help them in resolving the same. Keywords: E-survey perception, E-government.


Controls for accelerators and associated systems at the Holifield Radioactive Ion Beam Facility (HRIBF) at Oak Ridge National Laboratory have been migrated from 197Os-vintage minicomputers to a modern system based on Vista and EPICS toolkit software. Stability and capabilities of EPICS software have motivated increasing use of EPICS for accelerator controls. In addition, very inexpensive subsystems based on EPICS and the EPICS portable CA server running on Linux PCs have been implemented to control an ion source test facility and to control a building-access badge reader system. A new object-oriented, extensible display manager has been developed for EPICS to facilitate the transition to EPICS and will be used in place of MEDM. EPICS device support has been developed for CAMAC serial highway controls.


Neural connections in the adult central nervous system are highly precise. In the visual system, retinal ganglion cells send their axons to target neurons in the lateral geniculate nucleus (LGN) in such a way that axons originating from the two eyes terminate in adjacent but nonoverlapping eye-specific layers. During development, however, inputs from the two eyes are intermixed, and the adult pattern emerges gradually as axons from the two eyes sort out to form the layers. Experiments indicate that the sorting-out process, even though it occurs in utero in higher mammals and always before vision, requires retinal ganglion cell signaling; blocking retinal ganglion cell action potentials with tetrodotoxin prevents the formation of the layers. These action potentials are endogenously generated by the ganglion cells, which fire spontaneously and synchronously with each other, generating "waves" of activity that travel across the retina. Calcium imaging of the retina shows that the ganglion cells undergo correlated calcium bursting to generate the waves and that amacrine cells also participate in the correlated activity patterns. Physiological recordings from LGN neurons in vitro indicate that the quasiperiodic activity generated by the retinal ganglion cells is transmitted across the synapse between ganglion cells to drive target LGN neurons. These observations suggest that (i) a neural circuit within the immature retina is responsible for generating specific spatiotemporal patterns of neural activity; (ii) spontaneous activity generated in the retina is propagated across central synapses; and (iii) even before the photoreceptors are present, nerve cell function is essential for correct wiring of the visual system during early development. Since spontaneously generated activity is known to be present elsewhere in the developing CNS, this process of activity-dependent wiring could be used throughout the nervous system to help refine early sets of neural connections into their highly precise adult patterns. The formation of precise connectivity is generally thought to involve two distinct sets of mechanisms: those that require neuronal activity and those that are activity independent (reviewed in ref. 1). Many studies in both vertebrates and invertebrates suggest that the early events of axon outgrowth, pathfinding, and target selection are relatively accurate and do not require action potentials and synaptic transmission. These studies have shown that axon growth cones can select correct pathways and targets by responding to a variety of specific molecular cues laid out on cell surfaces, in the extracellular matrix, or even diffusing from distant sources. Once axons invade their targets, however, the initial connections they make with individual target neurons frequently are not accurate. Rather, the process of forming the adult precision of connectivity involves the correction of many initial errors; this The publication costs of this article were defrayed in part by page charge payment. This article must therefore be hereby marked "advertisement" in accordance with 18 U.S.C. §1734 solely to indicate this fact. process of error correction almost always requires neural activity. Here, I wish to consider how neural activity contributes to the emergence of the adult pattern of precise connectivity in the mammalian visual system. In the adult visual system, information about the world is sent from the eye to more central visual structures via the output neurons of the retina, the ganglion cells (2). Axons of the retinal ganglion cells project to several visual relay structures within the brain, such as the lateral geniculate nucleus (LGN). The connections between ganglion cells and LGN neurons are precise and stereotyped. One important example of this precision is that the connections are topographically organized; neighboring retinal ganglion cells send their axons to contact the same or nearby target neurons within the LGN, setting up a retinotopic map. In addition, within the LGN, retinal ganglion cell axons from one eye are strictly segregated from those arising from the other eye to form a series of alternating eye-specific layers. There are several pairs of LGN layers because each pair receives inputs from a subset of functionally distinct retinal ganglion cells (reviewed in ref. 3). LGN Layers Are Not Present Initially in Development How is the segregated pattern of eye input from ganglion cells to the LGN wired up during development? Many lines of experiments now indicate that when connections between retinal ganglion cells and LGN neurons first form they are not as precise as in the adult. Intraocular injections of anterograde tracers (4-6) or filling of individual ganglion cell axons with horseradish peroxidase (HRP) (7) reveal that the eye-specific layers are not present initially; ganglion cell axons from the two eyes are intermixed with each other throughout a large portion of the LGN (Fig. 1). With ensuing development, the layers emerge as axons gradually remodel their branches by retracting sidebranches from inappropriate LGN regions and growing extensive terminal arbors within the region appropriate to their eye of origin. The presence of extensive intermixing of retinogeniculate axons, followed by segregation into layers, suggests that the process by which segregation is achieved may involve competitive interactions between ganglion cell axons from the two eyes. Such interactions might permit rightand left-eye axons to compete for LGN neurons that themselves are not intrinsically different from each other with respect to eye of origin. Some of the first evidence in favor of the idea that competitive interactions between retinal ganglion cell axons give rise to the eye-specific layers has come from studies in many species in which one eye is removed during development and the pattern of the retinogeniculate projection from the remaining eye is examined at later developmental times or in adulthood. The Abbreviations: LGN, lateral geniculate nucleus; TTX, tetrodotoxin; En, embryonic day n; Pn, postnatal day n; HRP, horseradish peroxidase; EPSC, excitatory postsynaptic current.


Web-based technology assisted teaching project was initiated at our Institute to overcome difficulties experienced due to increased number of enrolled students at the institute. We demonstrate that the pilot project initiated to improve teaching methods used for Computer Science and Information Technology degree programs at Faculty of computing, Information Systems and Mathematics have been running smoothly and has benefited from experience gained in this pilot project at the faculty thanks to web based teaching and learning technologies. Many of the advantages for the lecturing staff, administrators and the participating students have been highlighted. We employ paperless teaching and so our program is geared towards green technology compliant. We have employed web based course management tools (CMT) to effectively manage, coordinate, monitor progress, provide feedback to students in real time and to link students and staff forming one teaching and learning community dedicated to active learning and to achieve best possible outcomes without sacrificing standards. This project is elaborated using four course unit as an example showing the benefits and difficulties experienced and solutions explored. The web page is well designed, user-friendly and well managed and forms the backbone of the virtual learning environment (VLE). The web based learning system forms the integral part of the learning system. Conscious efforts were made to make the presentation of lectures and study materials an enjoyable experience to our students. Student satisfaction has been measured using a feedback system and the overall performance improvements measured; these are also presented in this paper.


Runcie's sermon. The story of Britain's post-Cold War military interventions, specifically in Iraq (1991) and Kosovo, is sketched by Peter Lee, showing how undertaking one war makes it easier to slip into another one and how the desire for a legitimate authority (in terms of a just war) for war against Iraq backfired when the UN refused to sanction military intervention in Kosovo; NATO went ahead anyway. Lee and Williamson both touch on anti-war sentiment, from prayer vigils in 1991 to the opposition to the bombing of Serbia by the World Council of Churches. In general, neglect of anti-war voices is a major flaw in this collection. Where is acknowledgement of the Anglican Pacifist Fellowship, a Church of England society existing specifically to engage with this subject matter? (A single mention is omitted from the limited index.) What about Maude Royden or Vera Brittain? 80% of the contributors are male and 98% of the content relates to male perspectives—talk of wartime is for bishops and boys. In the background, three fascinating studies seem to have found their way into the wrong collection. Engagement with the introduction of compulsory RE in schools (Stephen Parker), campaigns to halt the spread of venereal disease (Andrea Harris), and the politics of the Christendom Group—including the founding of the Soil Association to promote organic farming (Philip Coupland). These chapters sit incongruously alongside the others. Or were they the original core and it is the war chapters that have been added? Matthew Grimley's contribution on Anglicans and the Campaign for Nuclear Disarmament (CND) is the only poorly researched chapter, with loose, pejorative, and inaccurate statements, such as some founders of CND in 1958 being referred to as "superannuated pacifists" (150). Debate about nuclear war is dismissed as hypothetical because it never happened, with the aside, "Nagasaki and Hiroshima apart" (149). Do they not count? With the exception of this chapter, this volume contains well-written essays. Understated, it makes a valuable addition to a social history library; overstated, it falls short of its own claims. If one thinks of it as relating to 'bishops in wartime', one is generally impressed.


The stability equation of suspended solid particles lying in the inner of moving jet under large Reynolds number was theoretically derived by means of the phase\|coupled model. Then the stability curves for different velocities of jetting device and particle properties were got by numerical computation. Further, several conclusions on the effect of particle properties and natures of flow\|field on the stability of moving jet on the basis of analyses of the obtained stability curves were given. These conclusions are beneficial to learning the development of moving jet containing suspended solid particles and executing artificial controls over two\|phase jet flow\|field.